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Korean Plane Incident, September 1983 (1)
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Korean Plane Incident, September 1983 (1)
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Records of the White House Office of the Deputy Chief of Staff (Reagan Administration)
Michael Deaver's Subject Files
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Ronald Reagan Presidential Library Digital Library Collections This is a PDF of a folder from our textual collections. Collection: Deaver, Michael Folder Title: Korean Plane Incident (1) September 1983 Box: 45 To see more digitized collections visit: https://reaganlibrary.gov/archives/digital-library To see all Ronald Reagan Presidential Library inventories visit: https://reaganlibrary.gov/document-collection Contact a reference archivist at: [email protected] Citation Guidelines: https://reaganlibrary.gov/citing National Archives Catalogue: https://catalog.archives.gov/ WITHDRAWAL SHEET rocess Ronald Reagan Library Collection Name DEAVER, MICHAEL: FILES Withdrawer SMF 1/15/2009 File Folder KOREAN PLANE INCIDENT SEPTEMBER 1983 (1) FOIA F2002-088 Box Number 8606 OA 10867 EBIN 9tm 3/11/11 5 ID Doc Type Document Description No of Doc Date Restrictions Pages 61590 LIST AGENDA surprecess ND B1 B3 61591 TALKING ON KOREAN PLANE 2 ND B1 B3 POINTS No of Dc Pages No of DL Pages The above documents were not referred for declassification review at time of processing Freedom of Information Act - [5 U.S.C. 552(b)] B-1 National security classified information [(b)(1) of the FOIA] B-2 Release would disclose internal personnel rules and practices of an agency [(b)(2) of the FOIA] B-3 Release would violate a Federal statute [(b)(3) of the FOIA] B-4 Release would disclose trade secrets or confidential or financial information [(b)(4) of the FOIA] B-6 Release would constitute a clearly unwarranted invasion of personal privacy [(b)(6) of the FOIA] B-7 Release would disclose information compiled for law enforcement purposes [(b)(7) of the FOIA] B-8 Release would disclose information concerning the regulation of financial institutions [(b)(8) of the FOIA] B-9 Release would disclose geological or geophysical information concerning wells [(b)(9) of the FOIA] C. Closed in accordance with restrictions contained in donor's deed of gift. United States Office of the Director Information Agency Washington, D.C. 20547 USIA September 2, 1981 MEMORANDUM FOR: All Cabinet Members FROM: Charles Z. Wick mfo for SUBJECT Foreign Media Reaction to the Downing of the KAL Flight # 007 Attached you will find a synthesis of the foreign media reaction to the Soviet shoot down of Korean Airlines Flight #007. We will be distributing these reports daily until further notice. \ Bill DISTRIBUTION LIST The Vice President The White House The Honorable Edwin Meese III Counselor to the President The White House Washington, D.C. 20500 The Honorable William French Smith Attorney General Washington, D.C. 20530 The Honorable William E. Brock U.S. Trade Representative Washington, D.C. The Honorable Judge William P. Clark, Jr. Assistant to the President for National Security Affairs The White House Washington, D.C. 20500 The Honorable Michael K. Deaver Deputy Chief of Staff and Assistant to the President The White House Washington, D.C. 20500 The Honorable Jeane J. Kirkpatrick U.S. Representative to United Nations Washington, D.C. The Honorable James A. Baker III Chief of Staff and Assistant to the President The White House Washington, D.C. 20500 The Honorable David A. Stockman Director, OMB Washington, D.C. The Honorable William J. Casey Director, CIA Washington, D.C. The Honorable George Shultz Secretary of State Washington, D.C. 20520 The Honorable Elizabeth Dole Secretary of Transportation Washington, D.C. 20590 The Honorable Donald P. Hodel Secretary of Energy Washington, D.C. 20585 The Honorable James G. Watt Secretary of the Interior Washington, D.C. 20240 The Honorable Caspar W. Weinberger Secretary of Defense Washington, D.C. 20530 The Honorable John R. Block Secretary of Agriculture Washington, D.C. 20250 The Honorable Malcolm Baldrige Secretary of Commerce Washington, D.C. 20230 The Honorable Raymond J. Donovan Secretary of Labor Washington, D.C. 20210 The Honorable Donald T. Regan Secretary of the Treasury Washington, D.C. 20220 The Honorable Margaret M. Heckler Secretary of Health and Human Services Washington, D.C. 20201 The Honorable Samuel R. Pierce, Jr. Secretary of Housing and Urban Development Washington, D.C. 20410 SPECIAL Foreign Media REPORT Reaction September 2, 1983 DOWNING OF SOUTH KOREAN PASSENGER PLANE BY USSR Summary Media around the world reacted with headline expressions of revulsion and condemnation to the Soviet shooting down of a South Korean passenger plane and the death of 269 people. President Reagan's and Secretary of State Shultz's reaction to the incident received extensive coverage in many capitals. Typical of West European headlines were "Massacre in the Sky" (London Daily Mail), "Murder in the Skies" (La Repubblica of Rome) and "Prompt Indigna- tion From White House" (Le Matin of Paris). Electronic media in Western Europe led the way with extensive coverage last night of Secretary of State Shultz's press conference. Some papers carried his remarks in their entirety on page one. The press conference led some observers, such as a correspondent for Rome's GR-1 radio and a writer for Milan's prestigious Corriere della Sera, to characterize the U.S. reaction as "prudent" and "restrained." At the same time, commentators and editorial writers in many places saw the incident as "plunging" East-West relations to their lowest ebb since the Soviet invasion of Afghanistan and even since the Cuban missile crisis. Some editorial writers saw the incident as "ruining detente" and putting the arms reduction talks in jeopardy. In Bonn, conservative Die Welt wondered if "the Kremlin rulers are still seriously interested in an " understanding on the problem of arms Still other observers agreed with the conservative Quotidien de Paris that "when a nation reaches that extreme" of attacking a passenger plane "it casts off its mask and shows its true face that of a barbarous nation." United States Information Agency Operation Center 485-8792 WESTERN EUROPE BRITAIN "We React With Revulsion" Headlines in London today said "Shultz Press Conference: 'We React With Revulsion to This Attack'' (Times), "Reagan Calls in Security Team After Jet Disaster" and "Moscow Says It Went to Help" (Guardian), "Revulsion at Attack" (Daily Telegraph), "Shultz Accuses Moscow-- 'We React With Revulsion to This Attack'' (Financial Times), "Massacre in the Sky" (Daily Mail) and "Midair Murder by Reds" (Sun). Shultz Press Conference Dominated Electronic Media In London, Secretary Shultz's press conference dominated all television and radio news bulletins last night and this morning. All bulletins broadcast most, if not all, of the Shultz statement. This morning's news program led with the report that President Reagan is returning to Washington. "U.S.-Soviet Relations Set to Plunge to New Low" The independent London Times front-paged the text of the Shultz press conference. The paper's lead story said, "Soviet and American leaders were facing a new crisis today President Reagan is returning to Washington from holiday in California and President Andropov was believed to have cut short his holiday to return to Moscow. U.S.-Soviet relations looked set to plunge to their lowest point since the invasion of Afghanistan." "Storm Over Plane Will Wreck Hopes of Thaw in Relations" Conservative Daily Telegraph's lead story said, "Diplomats in Washington consider that the storm over the airliner's destruction will wreck recent hopes of a thaw in East-West relations and badly damage the Kremlin's 'peace' campaign.' In an editorial the same paper said, "The shooting down, confirmed as fact by the ever cautious and professional Mr. George Shultz, is a crime, simply and categorically that "The President and Mr. Shultz should ignore all the temptations of feebleness. If they wanted proof that in no particular can the Soviets be trusted to behave like even tangential members of civilization, they have it." USIA/P/RM 2 9/2/83 Incident "Sank East-West Relations Into Crisis" Today's nationalistic Daily Mail said the incident "sank East-West relations into crisis Pentagon sources said that the Russians established that the Korean plane was a civilian airliner and then deliberately destroyed it = In an editorial, the paper said, "The Russians' apparently ruthless action should serve as a sharp reminder to those in Britain who never " cease harping on the peaceful intentions of the USSR "It Was Murder on a Grand Scale" An editorial in the sensationalistic Sun declared, "It was murder and murder on a grand scale. We must renounce forever the willful theories of the CND (peace demonstrators) that we can strip ourselves of our defenses before treating with the Communist empire." FRANCE "Comrade Strangelove" Paris television last night led with the plane incident and Secretary Shultz's press conference. The story dominated all front pages today. Headlines said "Comrade Strangelove" (Liberation), "Prompt Indignation from White House" (Le Matin), "260 Victims (in red ink)" (Quotidien de Paris), "USSR Owes Explanation -to World" (Figaro), "269 Passengers Assassinated in Midair" (France-Soir) and "French Government Demands Explanation--U.S. Quickly Sends Five F-15s to North of Japan" (Communist Humanite). "Nothing Can Excuse Deliberate Assassination" Conservative Figaro said, "Nothing can excuse the deliberate assassination perpetrated in midair There are ways to reason with a suspect aircraft and to force it to land. Numerous precedents exist. "The insolent explanation of the incident furnished by TASS only underlines the obnoxious character of the crime. "President Reagan figures the Soviet Union owes an explanation to the world. We are part of that world = "No Apology Not the Slightest Sensitivity" Leftist Liberation said, "One will note that the Soviet leaders, more than 24 hours after the plane was shot down, still were not recognizing the facts, had made no apology to the families of the victims, not the slightest sensitivity USIA/P/RM 3 9/2/83 = "This characterizes the USSR more eloquently than any speeches "USSR Shows Its True Face" Conservative Quotidien judged that "Whatever the motives, when a nation reaches this extreme it casts off its mask and shows its true face, its profound nature. It shows it is a barbarous nation ITALY "Shultz: 'We Are Horrified'" Headlines included "Grave Charge from Washington--Sudden Crisis in Detente Process" (Corriere della Sera), "Murder in the Skies--Strangelove at Work. Shultz: We Are Horrified" (La Repubblica), "Attack Called Deliberate and Unjustified by Shultz" (Il Giornale), "Russia Accused of Massacre" (Il Tempo) and "Moscow Talks Only of Intercepting in Its Airspace" (Communist l'Unita). "U.S. Is Showing Restraint" New York correspondent Antonello Marescalchi reported on left-leaning GR-1 radio this morning that the United States "is showing restraint and gives evidence it does not want to impair the negotiating process." Milan's centrist Corriere della Sera said in a lead editorial that "even if the plane had violated Soviet airspace, this is not enough to justify what happened. "In these last few hours the hope for a resumption of detente may be " completely ruined "Prudent Stance of U.S. State Department" New York correspondent Ugo Stille wrote in the same paper, "Shultz's decision to show up in person in the press room of the State Department is an indication of the seriousness of the event "The hawks in Washington are already (at work) to underline that the attack confirms the impossibility and uselessness of any 'detente' with Moscow. "But the prudent stance of the State Department aims at preventing emotional reaction from compromising the negotiating process with the USSR, " particularly on disarmament USIA/P/RM 4 9/2/83 "Strangelove at Work" Leftist, influential La Repubblica featured an editorial titled "Strange- love at Work and observed that the incident will have "dire consequences on East-West relations and particularly on the Geneva negotiations. "The Secretary of State, in his emotion and concern, has prudently ruled out direct responsibility of the Soviet Government in the event. But this caution does not change the terms of the problem. And the problem is the nature of the order given once and for all to the Soviet military apparatus and its incomparable inflexibility." "A Deliberate Mass Murder" Washington correspondent Marino de Medici wrote in today's conservative Il Tempo of Rome, "A deliberate mass murder. There is no other word to define the cold, ruthless order given to the pilot of the Soviet MIG which was in visual contact with the airplane " "Obsession With Security Makes Us Insecure" Communist l'Unita of Rome asserted that "the downing of the plane on the basis of ruthless defense of airspace would be an unjustifiable episode "The tension and nervousness of the international situation must have reached a very high degreee if airspace violations or the loss of an air route caused such reckless and unexplainable reactions. "This international tension the obsession with security that becomes a " stockpiling of weapons, makes us live in insecurity WEST GERMANY "No Use Talking Peace" Conservative Frankfurter Allgemeine said today, "There is no use talking peace if one always doubts the basic peacefulness of others and resorts to " shooting whenever an aircraft gets off course "Is Kremlin Still Interested in Understanding on Arms Negotiations?" An editorial in today's conservative Die Welt of Bonn maintained that "the coldbloodedness of the crime gives rise to the question whether the Kremlin rulers still are seriously interested in an understanding on the problem of arms reduction. USIA/P/RM 5 9/2/83 "The United States has adequately reacted to this incident, which is one of the most serious since the Cuban missile crisis. Washington, obviously, does not preclude serious consequences. Secretary Shultz asked the ambassadors of NATO countries to discuss the situation with him..." "Convincing Evidence of Mass Murder" Pro-Christian Democratic Rheinische Post of Duesseldorf said the incident was "unprecedented in the history of aviation. There is no excuse for it. convincing evidence of this mass murder was available last night. It made the Kremlin rulers speechless for hours." "Why Has USSR Dropped Mask of Civilized Nation?" Pro-Christian Democratic Frankfurter Neue Presse observed, "The coincidence is macabre, but it apparently is not just coincidence: on anti-war day commemorating the outbreak of World War II, the USSR coldbloodedly shot down a civilian aircraft carrier with 269 passengers aboard "The question now is why the USSR dropped its mask of a civilized, peace- loving big power at such a critical moment of East-West disarmament negotiations. "Until the opposite is proved, one can assume only that this was a calcu- lated act to impress other countries and to make them afraid of Soviet readiness to fight = In West Berlin, independent Tagesspiegel held, "The fate of the Korean was no tragedy caused by a chain of errors, misunderstanding " or by airliner an act of providence. It was simply caused by human meanness NORWAY Moscow Correspondent First Uses, Then Drops U.S. "Allegations" The shooting down of the South Korean airliner was top story on radio and TV last night and this morning and received very heavy play in the press today. TV news twice last night carried actualities of Secretary Shultz's statement, plus extensive reports from Washington and Tokyo. Norwegian radio and TV's Moscow correspodent in his first reports last night talked about U.S. "allegations," but later dropped the word, focusing instead on the absence of Soviet media coverage of the incident. USIA/P/RM 6 9/2/83 "There Is No Excuse for Such an Act" In electronic media, Prime Minister Kaare Willoch was quoted as saying that "only the strongest words can be used in our reaction to those responsible for this." Foreign Minister Svenn Stray was cited as stating that "if the American information is correct--and unfortunately there is no reason to doubt it is correct--the Norwegian Government will condemn what has happened. "There is no excuse for such an act. This is one of the most serious violations of all the agreements which have been signed by the USSR. The Norwegian Government is also concerned over the effect of this matter on the international situation." TV news reported that the chairman of the Norwegian Labor Party said: "This is a grotesque act and a serious attack on accepted principles of international conduct." Defense Minister Anders C. Sjaastad said, "This is shocking. There can be absolutely no excuse for shooting down an airliner." "Entire World Condemns USSR" Headlines in Oslo today included "U.S. Considers Sanctions" and "Soviet Union Assumes No Responsbility" and "Kremlin in a Jam, Admits Nothing" (conservative Aftenposten), "Entire World Condemns USSR," "This Is How It Happened: Coldblooded Cold Murder," "Norwegian Pilot: Incredible" and "Controversial U.S Politician Killed" (sensationalist liberal Dagbladet), "Montrous Act (Labor Party affiliated Arbeiderbladet) and "This Is Inexcusable" (Christian Peoples Party Vaart Land). DENMARK "Deeply Shocked World Vents Fury at Soviet Union" All Copenhagen dailies, national television and radio gave wide coverage last night and this morning to the tragedy. Banner headlines described the world as shocked. Danish television last night led its newscast with a complete transmission of Secretary Shultz's press conference statement. Headlines today included "Security Council to Convene--U.S. Strongly Condemns Brutal Shooting Down" (Berlingske Tidende), "Deeply Shocked World Vents Fury at Soviet Union. No Explanation Can Excuse Shooting Down of Passenger Plane" (Aktuelt) and "In Coldblood--269 Civilians Shot to Death by Russian Missile" (B.T.). USIA/P/RM 7 9/2/83 "Appalling Tragedy Without Parallel in Times of Peace" Conservative Berlingske Tidende in a editorial today said, "The shooting down of the Korean airliner is an appalling tragedy so inhumane that it appears without parallel in times of peace Nothing can justify such behavior and conduct by the Soviet air force "The Soviet Union's attitude is unjustifiable and it cannot fail to have a negative effect on recent attempts to build confidence in the strained relations between East and West." Conservative Jyllands-Posten quoted Foreign Minister Uffe Ellemann-Jensen as saying, "It is a very alarming and quite unbelievable incident The Danish Government deeply regrets the great loss of humman life." "Russians Committed Tragic and Cruel Deed" Former Foreign Minister Kjeld Olsen (Social Democrat) was cited by Ekstra-Bladet: "If the information received so far is correct, then the Russians have committed a tragic and cruel deed which is completely unforgivable. "But this must not make us change attitudes in our opposition to nuclear armaments. It is mainly a question of survival. Therefore the Social Democratic Party will not change in its attitude toward missile deployloyment." SWEDEN "Will Throw a Shadow Over INF Talks at Decisive Point" Extensive coverage was given last night and this morning by Swedish media to the shooting down of the South Korean plane. Consensus was that this was an appalling act by the Soviets which will affect relations between the United States and the USSR. TV Channel 2's foreign editor said, "The shooting down of an unarmed airliner is an unparalleled crime. No excuses can be made, even if the aircraft trespassed into Soviet territory The shooting down will throw a shadow over the INF talks which have now reached a decisive point "The Reagan Adminstration has described the Soviet Union as an irrespon- sible, power-hungry and threatening state. Advocates of that point of view will use this incident as evidence of the correctness of their point of view. " USIA/P/RM 8 9/2/83 "International Consequences May Become Serious" Headlines today included "Swede Among the Passengers," (Svenska Dagbladet) and "U.S. Raging Against Soviet Union" and "Jumbo Jet Obliterated by Russian Missile Attack" (Dagens Nyheter). Conservative Svenska Daglbadet in an editorial today said, "The Soviet shooting down of the South Korean airliner with 269 people aboard is shocking. "International consequences of this tragic incident may become serious unless the Soviet Union satisfactorily explains how this tragic incident could have happened." NETHERLANDS "A Horrible and Unprecedented Act of Terror" Conservative Telegraaf in a front-page editorial today said, "The shooting represents a horrible and unprecedented act of terror and is witness of an incredible cynicism. "This Russian crime is not only disgusting, it is also frightening that the Soviet military system reacts so crudely and violently to something which clearly did not present any threat." "Parliamentary Delegation Better Reconsider Its Mission to Moscow" Leftist Volksrant in an editorial headlined "Baffling" today asked, "What could for God's sake be the reason for shooting down a non-military airplane that apparently entered Soviet space because of a navigation mistake or failure and killing 269 passengers? "A panic reaction because of the nearby presence of military installations? A conscious act to demonstrate Russian irresistablilty? Really, there is no explanation that would fit except the word baffling. "If Moscow does not offer a plausible and acceptable explanation within a short time," the paper said, "then the members of the Dutch parliamentary delegation that was scheduled to visit Moscow on September 9 "better reconsider their mission to Moscow." USIA/P/RM 9 9/2/83 LUEXMBOURG "Unbelievable" Awful! USSR Owes World an Explanation!" Headlines in Luxembourg today included "On 'Anti-War Day' Korean Civilian Airliner Shot Down by Soviets" (Christian Social Luxembourger Wort), "Unbelievable" Awful! USSR Owes the World an Explanation" (Socialist Tageblatt), "The Terrible Incident" (liberal Journal) and "Stupefaction and Indignation! Washington Requires Explanation From Moscow" (independent Republican Lorrain). Communist Zeitung merely stated that a South Korean Air Lines' Boeing had disappeared. The paper accused Washington of stirring up anti-Soviet propaganda "by telling the world lies about Soviet involvement in the incident.' SWITZERLAND "Very Worst Thing Soviets Could Have Done" Conservative Journal de Geneve today held that "even if the airliner had entered Soviet airspace deliberately for spying purposes, it is hard to believe that the higher Soviet military echelons could have coldbloodedly ordered it shot down. "That would have been the very worst thing the Soviets could have done at a time when they are trying to polish their image as a peace-loving power. " "No Justification for This Brutal Act" Bern's middle-of-the-road Der Bund said, "Many aspects of this affair remain a mystery for the moment Be that as it may, there is no " justification for such a brutal act against a civil aircraft BELGIUM "Deliberate Criminal Act" Independent Le Soir of Brussels today said it was "a deliberate criminal act. It is hard to see the interest that the Kremlin would have in causing a dangerous deterioration of the international situation at a time when there is every indication that it is engaged with the Americans in a diplomatic action aimed at improving this situation." USIA/P/RM 10 9/2/83 "Premeditated Murder" Labor-oriented La Cite of Brussels declared the incident was "a premedita- ted murder for which there could not be any excuse = AUSTRIA "Tension Is the Cause of It" In Vienna today, prestigious Die Presse judged, "Tension in East-West relations will not only be a consquence of this unfortunate event. Tension is also the cause of it. "The readiness to help as shown by Soviet search parties is an ironic twist from people with a guilty conscience." SPAIN "Paranoid Soviet Preoccupation With Security" Barcelona's conservative Vanguardia said in an editorial, "What is difficult to understand is why they shot down a defenseless commercial airplane that was not carrying out any kind of military or espionage mission. "The only way to explain this dangerous incident is the strange and perhaps paranoid Soviet preoccupation with security." SOVIET UNION Pravda: "Soviet Fighters Attempted to Help" In Moscow today, Pravda, on page five in a two-paragraph item headed "TASS Report" maintained that "Soviet fighters which went to meet the infringing plane, attempted to help it withdraw to a nearby airfield. The infringing plane, however, did not respond to the signals and warnings of Soviet fighters and continued its flight in the direction of the Sea of Japan." USIA/P/RM 11 9/2/83 CZECHOSLOVAKIA "Violation of Soviet Airspace" A Czechoslovak news agency report in today's Communist Party Rude Pravo was headed "Violation of Soviet Airspace" and said the plane "of undetermined registration, flying without navigation lights over Kamchatka Peninsula toward the Sea of Japan, did not establish radio contact with the radio engineering service and failed to react to Soviet anti-aircraft defense efforts to give it assistance and guide it to the nearest airport." The account did not mention that the plane was shot down. EAST AND SOUTH ASIA JAPAN "U.S. Has Reacted Strongly" Tokyo's NHK, TBS and Fuji television networks gave extensive coverage to the Soviet air attack with some networks carrying special programs. All networks focused attention on the Shultz news conference, and judged that the United States "reacted strongly" to the downing of the plane. The Attack Will Affect U.S. Soviet Relations Fuji television said the incident could adversely affect U.S.-Soviet relations and the nuclear disarmament talks in Geneva. An NHK correspondent said the incident was expected to cool U.S.-Soviet relations with Congress calling for a firm stand against the Soviet Union. However, he added the view that the United States is not expected to take strong action against the Soviets. Japan Will Demand Frank and Sincere Response from Soviet Union All networks reported that Chief Cabinet Secretary Gotoda told a news conference that the Japanese Government came to the conclusion that the KAL plane was shot down by missile fire from a Soviet fighter and that Japan would demand a frank and sincere response from the Soviet Union. USIA/P/RM 12 9/2/83 Press Treatment All major Tokyo dailies ran bold headlines today saying, "Soviets Shoot Down KAL Plane. = Highlights of the Shultz news conference were carried. "Incident May Have Serious Effect on Far East" Today's moderate Yomiuri wrote, "Since there were many Japanese passengers on the plane, it is inevitable for the Japanese Government, like the United States, to strongly criticize the Soviet Union. "There is concern that the incident will have a serious effect on the military and political situation in the Far East, including South Korea which is a direct victim." "Japan Will Take a Strong Stand" Liberal Asahi today declared, "The Government will take a strong stand, even if the Soviets contend that the shooting down of the KAL plane was justified in view of the violation of Soviet airspace, because there is no reason to justify the shooting down of an unarmed passenger plane." "There Should Have Been Other Countermeasures" An editorial in conservative Sankei today held that "it is easy to recognize the KAL plane as a commercial airliner, and, in considering the large number of passngers aboard, there should have been other counter- = measures. Financial Nihon Keizai said in an editorial, "Even if the airliner erred in its course, the Soviet response is impermissible from the humanitarian point of view." SOUTH KOREA Limited Available Treatment South Korean editorial reaction to the incident was unavailable this morning. The national YONHAP News Agency reported today that "Foreign Minister Yi Pom-Sok today discussed with U.S. Ambassador to South Korea Richard Walker possible joint sanctions against the Soviet Union in response to a Soviet jet's air attack which downed (the KAL) plane " USIA/P/RM 13 9/2/83 PHILIPPINES Major Treatment Manila's Bulletin Today, Daily Express, and Metro Manila Times lead stories reported on the plane incident. The first named paper cited Pentagon sources and Secretary Shultz as saying that the plane had been downed by a Soviet missile-firing jet. HONG KONG "An Indescribably Horrible Act" Today's center-right Sing Tao Jih Pao condemend the downing of the plane as "an indescribably horrible and inhuman act of violence." It believed that U.S.-Soviet confrontation would probably become "volcanically explosive" and that the situation on the Korean peninsula would heat up. The paper went on to state that "for the moment Moscow's designs on this are still not known--probably U.S. Congressman McDonald was carrying with him some documents concerning the U.S.-South Korean joint defense pact, which the Soviet Union is eager to read "It would be too feeble for the United States to raise the issue before the U.N. Security Council for debate Much more forceful than appealing to the U.N. (would be) to apply embargo sanctions such as tearing up the newly-concluded five-year grain pact." "The Soviets' Brutal State of Mind" Today's independent Ming Pao contended that "this barbarous act of the Soviets without regard for human lives has exposed their coldblooded brutal state of mind " Pro-China Paper: "Soviets Should Not Fire Missiles" Hong Kong's pro-PRC Ta Kung Pao in an editorial today wrote : "The unscrupulous action of the Soviet Union can hardly escape world-wide condemnation "Even if the airliner had strayed from its route, it was only a mistaken entry into Soviet airspace. At the most, the Soviet jets could only issue warnings or force it to land. They definitely should not fire missiles. This incident will let the world recognize the reality of stepped-up military expansion." USIA/P/RM 14 9/2/83 "This Act Should Be Condemned" Today's pro-PRC Wen Wei Po stated that "an attack on a commercial airliner, no matter what excuses are offered, violates international law and prac- tice. And a peremptory attitude toward the peaceful movement of peoples should be condemned by international public opinion." MALAYSIA Heavy Media Play Reflects Shock and Anger A typical frontpage headline in today's Kuala Lumpur papers was "Jumbo Jet Shot Down by Soviets" (conservative New Straits Times). Coverage reflected shock and anger at the downing of the plane. AUSTRALIA Extensive Electronic Media Coverage National radio and television reported that the plane had been shot down and that some passengers were Australian, as well as American. Mid-morning television news ran satellite reports from around the world indicating revulsion of such an act. President Reagan's and Secretary Shultz's statements were carried in full. "All Civilized Nations Must Press for Clarification" Today's Melbourne Herald ran a report from various sources and correspond- ents headed "Horrifying Act--Angry Reagan.' A second report headlined "We're Appalled: Hawke" carried Prime Minister Hawke's statement on the incident. Another report in the paper was titled "Pine Gap Heard Soviets--Hayden Calls on Envoy for Explanation." The paper said in an editorial that "all civilized nations must press for clarification of the circumstances. Even in a world of brinkmanship, this was more than a routine affair. Its consequences could still be most dangerous. "World opinion will demand that Russia's world of secrecy be breached." USIA/P/RM 15 9/2/83 "USSR Was Within Its Rights" Today's independent Canberra Times carried a locally written piece headed "USSR Within Its Rights Under Law." The story reportedly said this was not the first time that a South Korean aircraft had strayed over Soviet terri- tory and concluded that the Soviets had "the right to be even more suspicious of an airline which seems to make a habit of it." THAILAND "Outrage: World Condemns Russia for Shooting Down Jet" Bangkok's three major English-language papers today carried prominent front-page accounts of the Soviet destruction of the KAL jet. The Bangkok World's headline read "Outrage: World Condemns Russia for Shooting Down Jet." The papers included wire service reports of Secretary Shultz's statement and the TASS explanation. CHINA "Shock, Regret" Expressed Over Plane Incident Agence France Presse reported from Beijing that "China today condemned the destruction of the (KAL jet) .... 'We express our shock and regret at this incident,' the Foreign Ministry's information department said "Earlier, the official New China News Agency ran a lengthy and detailed account of U.S. Secretary of State George Shultz's news conference in Washington in which he accused Moscow of committing 'an appalling act. SOUTH ASIA INDIA "U.S. Alleges Russian Missile Attack" All media today prominently carried reports on the Soviet attack, high- lighting President Reagan's and Secretary of State Shultz's reaction. There was no immediate editorial comment. USIA/P/RM 16 9/2/83 Sample headlines were "South Korean Plane With 269 Shot Down by Soviets: Sharp Reaction by-U.S" (largest-circulation Indian Express), "South Korean Boeing With 269 Aboard Shot Down Over Russia" (respected Statesman) and "U.S. Alleges Russian Missile Attack: South Korean Jet With 269 Aboard Shot Down" (influential Times of India). SRI LANKA Wire Service Coverage All leading Colombo papers, both English and vernacular, and the Government-owned radio prominently carried wire service reports today including a Reuter dispatch from Washington covering the Shultz news conference yesterday. BANGLADESH "Soviet Pilot Admits Firing Missile" Today's independent Ittefaq of Dhaka reported the plane incident under the six-column head "Soviet MIGs Killed 269 Passsengers of a Korean Aircraft." The Government-controlled Bangladesh Observer headlined "South Korean Plane Shot Down: Soviet Pilot Admits Firing Missile." The latter paper quoted extensively from the Secretary of State's news conference citing the Voice of America as its source. MIDDLE EAST ISRAEL News Reports But No Comment All media today front-paged without comment statements by President Reagan and Secretary Shultz, terming the act as a "barbaric crime.". USIA/P/RM 17 9/2/83 JORDAN Prominent News Attention Amman media this morning gave major coverage to wire service reports on the KAL incident. AFRICA KENYA Early Wire Reports All three Nairobi dailies today carried news items on the downing of the plane based on early wire service reports. The independent Nation headed an AP report "Soviet Jet Shoots Down Korean Plane." The independent Standard headlined a Reuters report "Airliner Was 'Shot Down.' LESOTHO Radio Coverage of Reagan, Shultz Statements Radio Lesotho this morning ran President Reagan's and Secretary Shultz's reactions to the Soviet shooting down of the South Korean passenger plane. LIBERIA "A Reckless and Barbaric Act" Monrovia's Observer today reported that President Reagan had demanded n"immediate and full explanation" of the incident. It also cited Secretary Shultz's reaction. In an editorial headed "A Reckless and Barbaric Act," the paper stressed that the "frightening" incident raised serious questions about commercial air travel, adding that the attention of the International Civil Aviation Organization should be drawn to danger zones such as those peppered with Soviet missiles and other "sensitive military" installations SO that new routes may be located. USIA/P/RM 18 9/2/83 THE WHITE HOUSE WASHINGTON September 2, 1983 MEMORANDUM TO: ED MEESE JIM BAKER MIKE DEAVER BILL CLARK FROM: KEN DUBERSTEIN K&D: Ke SUBJECT: Congressional response to Korean plane incident Attached are a small selection of letters and reports on telephone conversations received in the last 24 hours from members of Congress in the Korean plane incident. I think you will find these of interest. The volume of calls has been quite high. Attachment HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES WASHINGTON, D. C. 20515 BILL FRENZEL THIRD DISTRICT MINNESOTA September 2, 1983 The Honorable Ronald Reagan The White House Washington, D. C. 20500 Dear Mr. President: The outrageous slaughter of Korean Airline passengers by USSR war planes demands a response. However, may I respectfully suggest that the U.S. not engage in unilateral embargoes. The record indicates that embargoes have invariably hurt us worse than the intended targets. I also believe that multilateral embargoes are not an effective response. There ought to be a better way. But, if we have to hurt ourselves to show our displeasure, we ought to hurt ourselves no more than our allies. A collective response, as broadly based as possible, is preferred. Finally, I hope the Nuclear Arms Reduction talks will not be affected. However great our disgust over the Korean incident, and our distrust of the regime which perpetrated it, those talks are too important to us and to the world to be slowed down in any way. Thank you for your consideration of these matters. Yours very truly, Bielford Bill Frenzel Member of Congress BF:mjn CC: The Honorable Bob Michel, Trent Lott, Jack Kemp, Jack Edwards, Lynn Martin, Barber Conable, Silvio Conte COMMITTEES: DENNY SMITH INTERIOR AND INSULAR AFFAIRS 5TH DISTRICT, OREGON VETERANS' AFFAIRS WASHINGTON ADDRESS: 1213 LONGWORTH HOUSE OFFICE BUILDING (202) 225-5711 Congress of the United States SALEM ADDRESS: House of Representatives 4035 12TH S.E. #20 P.O. Box 13089 SALEM, OREGON 97309 Mashington, D.C. 20515 (503) 399-5756 September 2, 1983 The President The White House Washington, D. C. 20500 Dear Mr. President: You are undoubtedly as shocked and appalled as I am over the Soviet attack upon Korean Airlines Flight 007. As a former fighter pilot for the U. S. Air Force and a commercial pilot for Pan Am who regularly flew the Anchorage to Tokyo route, I can say without hesitation that this Soviet action was a vicious and inexcusable act of premeditated murder. There is absolutely no excuse for the shooting down of a defenseless passenger jet. This entire incident only clarifies for the American people a Soviet philosophy typified by a total disregard for human life and dignity. Truly, the Soviet Union stands before the entire world as a country without honor. Mr. President, I must request of you once again as I did aboard Air Force One this spring that any actions taken by the United States government in response to this heinous crime be linked to one absolutely necessary measure. We must begin a comprehensive release of classified photographs and information to the American public demonstrating the massive military threat posed to world freedom by the Soviet Union. Only then can we, our nation's leaders, work to revive the consensus necessary among the American people for the rebuilding of a national defense that will ensure our freedom and way of life. Best Denny personal Smith Smith regards Number of Congress DS:jdh PETE V. DOMENICI NEW MEXICO United States Senate WASHINGTON, D. C. 1668₫1 September 1, 1983 The President The White House Washington, D.C. 20500 Dear Mr. President: I urge you to instruct your Ambassador to the United Nations, the Honorable Jeane J. Kirkpatrick, request an immediate meeting of the Security Council to consider the unprovoked attack by the Soviet Union on an unarmed civilian aircraft of Korean Airlines. The Soviet Union must be forced to explain this departure from civilized behavior before an international forum in full public view. It is appropriate that the United Nations serve as this forum. I hope that through your efforts the United Nations can meet this Soviet challenge to the law of nations. If not, the hopes for peace raised by the UN Charter will be betrayed. There have been too many violations in recent years of the rights of innocent passage by international commerce. Other civilian airliners have been fired upon or destroyed in several areas of the world. This is the second time a Korean airliner has been shot at for straying into Soviet airspace. The first, in 1978, resulted in two persons killed and 110 persons injured. The Soviet Union has a long record of such violations. As one of the major powers, it has a special responsibility to uphold international law and to set an example for other nations. The Soviets must be held accountable. The loss of Congressman Larry McDonald is particularly tragic, but all of the innocent lives lost as a result of a callous Soviet decision last night must be accounted for before the Security Council and elsewhere. Through your effective representation on this matter, future travelers may be more secure. With warm personal regards. Bitt Pete V. Domenici Sincerely, United States Senator #161356 # 37 KD 1-016418C244 09/01/83 ICS IPMUAWA WSH 11022 GOVT BUWASHINGTON DC 50 09-01 616P EDT PMS THE PRESIDENT WHITE HOUSE DC DEAR MR PRESIDENT: WITH REGARD TO THE TRAGIC KOREAN AIRLINE INCIDENT, I RESPECTFULLY REQUEST A PROMPT CONVENING OF THE UNITED NATIONS NATIONAL SECURITY COUNCIL. IT IS IMPERATIVE THAT VIOLATIONS OF INTERNATIONAL LAW BY THE SOVIET UNION, RESULTING IN THE DEATHS OF 269 PASSENGERS BE BROUGHT TO THIS INTERNATIONAL FORUM. SINCERELY. BENJAMIN A GILMAN MEMBER OF CONGRESS NEWT GINGRICH SUITE 5, PHOENIX CENTER SIXTH DISTRICT, GEORGIA 1657 PHOENIX BOULEVARD COLLEGE PARK, GEORGIA 30349 (404) 221-3854 COMMITTEES: PUBLIC WORKS AND POST OFFICE Box 848 TRANSPORTATION GRIFFIN FEDERAL BUILDING HOUSE ADMINISTRATION GRIFFIN, GEORGIA 30224 (404) 228-0389 WASHINGTON OFFICE: 1005 LONGWORTH HOUSE OFFICE BLDG. Congress of the United States CARROLL COUNTY COURTHOUSE CARROLLTON, GEORGIA 30117 WASHINGTON D.C. 20515 (404) 834-6398 (202) 225-4501 House of Representatives COUNTY OFFICE BUILDING September 1, 1983 22 EAST BROAD STREET NEWNAN, GEORGIA 30263 (404) 253-8355 President Ronald Reagan The White House Washington, D.C. 20500 Dear Mr. President: The apparently deliberate murder of 269 human beings, including Congressman Larry McDonald, should remind all of us of the nature of Soviet dictatorship. There was apparently enough time for this decision to murder innocent civilians to be made at the very highest levels in Moscow. Civilization cannot survive when acts of barbarism become accepta- ble. If the leaders of the Soviet Union want to be treated as civi- lized men they must take four steps: 1. Publicly identify and punish the officials responsible for these murders. 2. Apologize to every nation which had citizens aboard the airplane that was shot down. 3. Pay compensation for both the loss and personal tragedy to each family whose loved one was murdered by the Soviet Union. 4. Issue public orders to Soviet armed forces that in future incidents in which unarmed civilian airliners penetrate Soviet airspace, the civilian lives will be protected by ordering the aircraft to land for inspection, but without shooting it down. Mr. President, free citizens cannot coexist with barbarians unless the barbarians agree to obey international law. If we are to have detente we must have Soviet commitment to the rules of law. This incident is a tragedy to Congressman McDonald's family, but reminds all of us that the Soviet Union is potentially a threat to every free family on the planet. Went Newt Gingrich Respectfully, NG/hs C. Pontro 1-009210C244 09/01/83 83SEP / Pl:41 ICS IPMUAWA WSH 11008 GOVT DUWASHINGTON DC 75 09-01 131P EDT PMS THE PRESIDENT WHITE HOUSE DC THE GRAVITY OF THE ACTIONS TAKEN BY THE SOVIET GOVERNMENT AGAINST AN UNARMED, COMMERCIAL AIRCRAFT CANNOT BE OVERSTATED. BECAUSE OF THE INTERNATIONAL CONSEQUENCES AND MULTI-NATIONAL DIMENSION OF THESE ACTIONS AND SUBSEQUENT DEVELOPMENTS, t AM CALLING ONTHE SECRETARY GENERAL OF THE UNITED NATIONS TO IMMEDIATELY CONVENE AN EMERGENCY SESSION OF THE GENERAL ASSEMBLY TO SEEK CENSURE OF THE SOVIET ACTION AND TO TAKE OTHER APPROPRIATE ACTION. I URGE YOUR SUPPORT OF THIS EFFORT. SINCERELY. HAL DAUB MEMBER OF CONGRESS 1408 LONGWORTH BUILDING BILL PATMAN 1408 LONGWORTH BUILDING WASHINGTON, D.C. 20515 14TH DISTRICT, TEXAS WASHINGTON, D.C. 20515 (202) 225-2831 (202) 225-2831 P.O. DRAWER A P.O. DRAWER A Congress of tije United States GANADO, TEXAS 77962 GANADO, TEXAS 77962 (512) 771-3303 (512) 771-3303 house of Representatives Hashington, B.C. 20515 September 1, 1983 ber 1, 1983 Ms. Charlotte Ponticelli Director Congressional Correspondence East Wing, The White House Washington, D.C. I am issuing se you: Dear Ms. Ponticelli: any other In accordance with my assistant's regardless telephone conversation with you earlier warning. today, I am conveying herewith a message to the President for communication, Russia for via Telex or otherwise, at the earliest hundreds opportunity. Thank you very much for your splendid closing of help in this important matter. : : the Russian = recall of With best regards. T and consular Sincerely, Vin Patum S appropriate Congress has WNP:jf epartment on for the widow d of Georgia, f any other S THE WHITE HOUSE WASHINGTON September 2, 1983 CALLS RECEIVED THRUSDAY, 9/1/83 RE: KOREAN FLIGHT 7 Charlie Stenholm (D-Texas) : It's unbelievable. We need to do something. Newt Gingrich (R-Georgia) : The President should call McDonald's wife. Also see attached letter. Jack Fields (R-Texas) : What are the facts? Don't know what to say. How could this happen? Trent Lott (R-Mississippi) : Leaning toward marine pull out in Lebanon. Has Tuesday meeting with Begin. Needs briefing before departure. Wants to know if Congress is coming back early. Dan Mica (D-Florida) : Opposes military action but would like to see much stronger action than a simple protest and slap on the wrist. Henry Hyde (R-Illinois) : Wait for a response from the Soviets, let the U.N. Try to justify its existence, which it won't, then impose tough economic sanctions. THE WHITE HOUSE WASHINGTON September 3, 1983 MEETING WITH BIPARTISAN CONGRESSIONAL LEADERSHIP DATE: Sunday, September 4, 1983 LOCATION: The Cabinet Room TIME: 10:00 a.m. (90 minutes) FROM: KENNETH M. DUBERSTEIN Ker D. D. I. PURPOSE To brief and discuss with the key bipartisan congressional leadership foreign policy/national security developments in two areas: the Korean airliner incident and the situation in Lebanon. II. BACKGROUND There will be a pre-meeting briefing at 9:30 a.m. in the Oval Office. This meeting affords the opportunity to brief the leadership on the current situation with respect to the Soviet's shooting down of the Korean airliner and the involvement of U. S. troops in Lebanon. With respect to the Korean airliner incident, the President met with the National Security Planning Group on September 2 to discuss this incident and possible international responses. With respect to Lebanon, Congress has become increasingly concerned about the presence of U. S. troops in Lebanon. Bud McFarlane has returned from the region and will provide an up-to-date briefing on the situation. Calls have been made by some members of Congress for the President to report to Congress under Section 4 (a) (1) of the War Powers Resolution. That provision would require reporting to Congress because U. S. forces are involved in or face "imminent hostilities." Subsequent to such a report, U. S. forces would have to be withdrawn within 60 days unless Congress specifically enacts legislation allowing them to remain. - 2 - On August 30th, the President provided a report to Congress on the situation in Lebanon stating that the report was con- sistent with Section 4 of the War Powers Resolution, while specifically avoiding mention of Section 4 (a) (1). Senator Baker and others believe that pressure will quickly build in Congress for a vote on allowing continued deployment of U. S. forces in Lebanon. This could lead to an Executive- Legislative confrontation over the constitutionality of Section 4 (a) (1) and this will in all likelihood be a subject of discussion at this meeting. III. PARTICIPANTS See Attachment A IV: PRESS PLAN White House photographer and press pool photographers at beginning. V; SEQUENCE OF EVENTS See Attachment B Attachments: List of Participants (A) Sequence of Events (B) Talking Points (C) ATTACHMENT A *BIPARTISAN CONGRESSIONAL LEADERSHIP PARTICIPANTS The President The Vice President Secretary of State, George Shultz Secretary of Defense, Caspar Weinberger Attorney General, William French Smith Director of CIA, Bill Casey Director of OMB, Dave Stockman Chairman, Joint Chiefs of Staff, John Vessey Ambassador Robert McFarlane SENATE Howard Baker, Majority Leader of the Senate Robert Byrd, Minority Leader of the Senate Strom Thurmond, President pro tempore of Senate HOUSE Thomas P. (Tip) O'Neill, Speaker of the House Jim Wright, Majority Leader of the House Bob Michel, Republican Leader of the House STAFF Ed Meese Jim Baker Mike Deaver Bill Clark Ken Duberstein Dave Gergen Larry Speakes Dick Darman Fred Fielding Pam Turner *Principals only - no substitutes WITHDRAWAL SHEET Ronald Reagan Library The Collection Name Withdrawer Free DEAVER, MICHAEL: FILES SMF 1/15/2009 B-21 E1-7 File Folder FOIA B.B B-9 KOREAN PLANE INCIDENT SEPTEMBER 1983 (1) F2002-088 EBIN Box Number 8606 5 ID Document Type No of Doc Date Restric- pages tions Document Description 0( B.1 61590 LIST 1 ND B1 B3 AGENDA The above documents were not referred for declassification review at time of processing Freedom of Information Act - [5 U.S.C. 552(b)] B-1 National security classified information [(b)(1) of the FOIA] B-2 Release would disclose internal personnel rules and practices of an agency [(b)(2) of the FOIA] B-3 Release would violate a Federal statute [(b)(3) of the FOIA] B-4 Release would disclose trade secrets or confidential or financial information [(b)(4) of the FOIA] B-6 Release would constitute a clearly unwarranted invasion of personal privacy [(b)(6) of the FOIA] B-7 Release would disclose information compiled for law enforcement purposes [(b)(7) of the FOIA] B-8 Release would disclose information concerning the regulation of financial institutions [(b)(8) of the FOIA] B-9 Release would disclose geological or geophysical information concerning wells [(b)(9) of the FOIA] C. Closed in accordance with restrictions contained in donor's deed of gift. WITHDRAWAL SHEET Ronald Reagan Library Collection Name Withdrawer DEAVER, MICHAEL: FILES SMF 1/15/2009 girth wells ((b)(9) of File Folder FOIA KOREAN PLANE INCIDENT SEPTEMBER 1983 (1) F2002-088 EBIN Box Number 8606 5 ID Document Type No of Doc Date Restric- pages tions Document Description 61591 TALKING POINTS 2 ND B1 B3 ON KOREAN PLANE 2 The above documents were not referred for declassification review at time of processing Freedom of Information Act - [5 U.S.C. 552(b)] B-1 National security classified information [(b)(1) of the FOIA] B-2 Release would disclose internal personnel rules and practices of an agency [(b)(2) of the FOIA] B-3 Release would violate a Federal statute [(b)(3) of the FOIA] B-4 Release would disclose trade secrets or confidential or financial information [(b)(4) of the FOIA] B-6 Release would constitute a clearly unwarranted invasion of personal privacy [(b)(6) of the FOIA] B-7 Release would disclose information compiled for law enforcement purposes [(b)(7) of the FOIA] B-8 Release would disclose information concerning the regulation of financial institutions [(b)(8) of the FOIA] B-9 Release would disclose geological or geophysical information concerning wells [(b)(9) of the FOIA] C. Closed in accordance with restrictions contained in donor's deed of gift. TALKING POINTS ON LEBANON NOW let us turn to another sensitive matter, the situation in Lebanon. We recognize that this may not be as sensational or dramatic as the Korean plane incident but vital U.S. interests are at stake. We are at a critical point in trying to help re-establish peace in that troubled, but important, area. For the U.S. to turn tail at this juncture would be a grave mistake. Our objectives in Lebanon, ever since the fighting ended last summer, have been to help the Lebanese re-establish their independence, regain control over their territory, and bring about the departure of all foreign forces -- while achieving security for Israel's northern border. Syria, egged on by the Soviets, is trying to stir up animosities among the various Lebanese communities, and undermine the Gemayel government. Bud McFarlane has just returned from the region and I want h to brief you on the current situation and outlook. (Bud McFarlane makes remarks) Want to ask for your views on this situation. - 2 - --- We need broad bipartisan support for our efforts in Lebanon. Know there is concern in the Congress about the Marine presence in Lebanon and the casualties last week. ----- I'd like your thinking on how to ensure the support we need to help bring peace to that vital region. (FYI, Mr. President look first to Howard Baker for response)