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Ronald Reagan Presidential Library
Digital Library Collections
This is a PDF of a folder from our textual collections.
Collection: Roberts, John G.: Files
Folder Title: JGR/Department of Justice (1 of 5)
Box: 16
To see more digitized collections visit:
https://reaganlibrary.gov/archives/digital-library
To see all Ronald Reagan Presidential Library inventories visit:
https://reaganlibrary.gov/document-collection
Contact a reference archivist at: [email protected]
Citation Guidelines: https://reaganlibrary.gov/citing
National Archives Catalogue: https://catalog.archives.gov/
THE WHITE HOUSE
WASHINGTON
February 10, 1981
MEMORANDUM FOR THE WHITE HOUSE STAFF
FROM:
FRED F. FIELDING
COUNSEL TO THE PRESIDENT
SUBJECT:
Communications with the Department of Justice
As we are all keenly aware, it is imperative that there be
public confidence in the effective and impartial administration
of the laws. To that end, after consultation between the
President and the Attorney General, the following procedures
have been established in regard to communications between the
White House Staff and the Department of Justice.
1. All inquiries which concern or may concern
particular pending investigations or cases being
handled by the Department of Justice shall be
directed to the Counsel to the President. If
appropriate and necessary, the inquiry will then
be transmitted to the Office of the Attorney
General or the Deputy Attorney General.
2. All requests for formal legal opinions
from the Department of Justice shall be directed
to the Counsel to the President, who will direct
such requests to the Office of the Attorney
General or to the Assistant Attorney General --
Office of Legal Counsel.
3. All comments between the White House Office
and the Department of Justice in regard to policy,
legislation and budgeting should be handled directly
between those parties concerned.
Your cooperation in observing these guidelines is most
strongly urged. If you have any questions regarding these
procedures, please contact this Office.
THE WHITE HOUSE
WASHINGTON
December 15, 1983
Dear Mr. Schmults:
In response to your letter of November 16, 1983, attached is a
list of all individuals in the Executive Office of the President
who fall within the purview of 18 U.S.C. $1751. I will provide
changes to your office as they may occur. Also, as to the
designation of a 24 hours a day contact, I shall be that person
and may be reached through the following numbers: 202/456-2632,
202/456-1414 or 202/395-2000.
Sincerely,
Fred F. Fielding 10
Counsel to the President
The Honorable Edward C. Schmults
Deputy Attorney General
Department of Justice
Room 5111
Washington, D.C. 20530
The President
Ronald W. Reagan
The Vice President
George Bush
EXECUTIVE OFFICE OF THE PRESIDENT
Council of Economic Advisers
Martin S. Feldstein
Chairman
Council on Environmental Quality
A. Alan Hill
Chairman
Office of Management and Budget
David A. Stockman
Director
Office of the U.S. Trade
William E. Brock
Representative
Office of Science and Technology
George A. Keyworth II
Policy - Director
Office of the Vice President
Adm. Daniel J. Murphy
Chief of Staff
The White House Office
Counsellor to the President
Edwin Meese III
Chief of Staff and Assistant
James A. Baker, III
to the President
Deputy Chief of Staff and
Michael K. Deaver
Assistant to the President
Assistant to the President
James Scott Brady
and Press Secretary
Assistant to the President
Richard G. Darman
and Deputy to the Chief of Staff
Counsel to the President
Fred F. Fielding
Assistant to the President
Craig L. Fuller
for Cabinet Affairs
Assistant to the President
David R. Gergen
for Communications
Assistant to the President
John S. Herrington
for Presidential Personnel
Assistant to the President and
Edward V. Hickey, Jr.
Director of Special Support Services
Deputy Counsellor to the President
James E. Jenkins
Assistant to the President for
Robert C. McFarlane
National Security Affairs
Assistant to the President and Deputy
Michael A. McManus
to the Deputy Chief of Staff
Assistant to the President
M.B. Oglesby
for Legislative Affairs
.
Assistant to the President
John F.W. Rogers
for Management and Administration
Assistant to the President
vacant
for Political Affairs
Assistant to the President and
Larry M. Speakes
Principal Deputy Press Secretary
Assistant to the President
John A. Svahn
for Policy Development
Assistant to the President
Lee L. Verstandig
for Intergovernmental Affairs
Assistant to the President
Faith Ryan Whittlesey
for Public Liaison
12/83
THE WHITE HOUSE
WASHINGTON
March 27, 1984
MEMORANDUM FOR FRED F. FIELDING
FROM:
JOHN G. ROBERTS /s/
SUBJECT:
Justice Department
The attached sheet describes the order of succession at the
Department of Justice. I have advised Larry Speakes of the
first part.
The answer to your second question, concerning the length of
time an acting official may serve, is considerably more
complicated. Officials appointed pursuant to the Vacancy
Act, 5 U.S.C. §§ 3345-3347, may serve for not more than 30
days. 5 U.S.C. § 3348. The provision authorizing the
President to "detail" other Executive branch officials
confirmed by the Senate to fill vacancies caused by the
resignation of the head of an Executive department or other
official specifically "does not apply to a vacancy in the
office of Attorney General." 5 U.S.C. § 3347. Thus, at
first blush, I do not think the President can appoint an
Acting Attorney General.
The President could theoretically appoint an Acting Deputy
Attorney General, but I know in the past we have objected to
putting officials in a "double acting" role, as would be the
case with an Acting Deputy Attorney General acting as
Attorney General. (Lowell Jensen's case is distinguishable,
since he would act as Attorney General by virtue of the
succession statute, 28 U.S.C. $ 508.)
Tex Lezar tells me that the Vacancy Act does not apply to
Justice. That is true for officials acting by virtue of the
statutory succession in 28 U.S.C. § 508. It is also true
for officials delegated responsibilities by the Attorney
General pursuant to 28 U.S.C. § 510. In both cases the
officials do not hold their offices pursuant to the Vacancy
Act, but rather 28 U.S.C. §§ 508 and 510, and accordingly
are not subject to the limitations of the Vacancy Act. In
all other cases, however, such as a Presidential detail, I
believe the Vacancy Act would apply.
THE WHITE HOUSE
WASHINGTON
March 27, 1984
Pursuant to 28 U.S.C. $ 508, the order of succession in the
Department of Justice is:
Attorney General
Deputy Attorney General
Associate Attorney General.
Pursuant to an order of the Attorney General dated June 1,
1983, and issued pursuant to 28 U.S.C. $ 510, the order
following the above is:
Solicitor General
Assistant Attorney General, Office of Legal Counsel
Assistant Attorney General, Criminal Division
Assistant Attorney General, Civil Division.
THE WHITE HOUSE
WASHINGTON
May 30, 1984
MEMORANDUM FOR FRED F. FIELDING
FROM:
JOHN G. ROBERTS
DDR
SUBJECT:
Draft Department of Justice Report on
H.R. 5452, a Bill to Amend the FTC Act
Concerning Acquisitions of Substantial
Energy Reserve Holders
The Office of Management and Budget has requested our views
by noon today on a draft Department of Justice report on the
above-referenced legislation. H.R. 5452 amends the Federal
Trade Commission Act to impose new requirements with respect
to the acquisition of "substantial energy reserve holders,"
defined as holders of at least 100 million barrels of oil or
natural gas reserves. Specifically, the bill provides that
consent decrees or orders requiring divestiture of assets of
substantial energy reserve holders, issued by the FTC or a
court, may not become final until the required divestiture
has been approved by the FTC or a court. This curiously-
worded provision would have the effect of extending
indefinitely the time available to the FTC or a court to
review proposed acquisitions. (Current law specifies time
limits within which the FTC must object to mergers submitted
for approval.) The bill also provides that, until 60 days
after approval of a proposed divestiture, the acquired party
must be maintained as a separate business entity and the
acquiring party cannot elect more than 20 percent of the
directors of the acquired party.
In its draft report, Justice opposes H.R. 5452. The report
notes that it is unclear from the legislation whether the
new procedures for reviewing the acquisition of substantial
energy reserve holders apply to Justice, since H.R. 5452
amends only the FTC Act, not the Tunney Act. Even without
these ambiguities, however, Justice opposes the bill because
it singles out the acquisitions of energy firms, when "there
is no persuasive indication that acquisitions in this
industry pose unique competitive problems."
In addition, the draft report points out that the bill is
unnecessary, since enforcement agencies and courts are
already able to review and raise timely objections to
proposed divestitures. Finally, the draft report objects
that the bill would eliminate much of the discretion of the
FTC and the courts by requiring them to issue "hold separate
- 2 -
orders" in all acquisitions of substantial energy reserve
holders, even if a court determined that such an order would
be inequitable in a particular case.
Attached for your approval and signature is a memorandum for
Branden Blum of OMB indicating that this office has no
objections to the draft report.
Attachment
THE WHITE HOUSE
WASHINGTON
May 30, 1984
MEMORANDUM FOR BRANDEN BLUM
LEGISLATIVE ATTORNEY
OFFICE OF MANAGEMENT AND BUDGET
FROM:
FRED F. FIELDING Orig. signed by FFF
COUNSEL TO THE PRESIDENT
SUBJECT:
Draft Department of Justice Report on
H.R. 5452, a Bill to Amend the FTC Act
Concerning Acquisitions of Substantial
Energy Reserve Holders
Counsel's Office has reviewed the above-referenced
draft report, and finds no objection to it from a legal
perspective.
FFF:JGR:aea 5/30/84
cc: FFFielding/JGRoberts/Subj/Chron
THE WHITE HOUSE
WASHINGTON
May 30, 1984
MEMORANDUM FOR BRANDEN BLUM
LEGISLATIVE ATTORNEY
OFFICE OF MANAGEMENT AND BUDGET
FROM:
FRED F. FIELDING
COUNSEL TO THE PRESIDENT
SUBJECT:
Draft Department of Justice Report on
H.R. 5452, a Bill to Amend the FTC Act
Concerning Acquisitions of Substantial
Energy Reserve Holders
Counsel's Office has reviewed the above-referenced
draft report, and finds no objection to it from a legal
perspective.
FFF:JGR:aea 5/30/84
CC: FFFielding/JGRoberts/Subj/Chron
ID #
CU
WHITE HOUSE
CORRESPONDENCE TRACKING WORKSHEET
0 OUTGOING
H INTERNAL
I INCOMING
Date Correspondence
Received (YY/MM/DD)
/
/
Name
of Correspondent: James MURR
MI Mail Report
User Codes: (A)
(B)
(C)
Subject: Draft Department of Justice report H.R
5452, a bill to amend the FTC Act concerning
aquisitions Holders. of Substantial Energy Reserve
ROUTE TO:
ACTION
DISPOSITION
Tracking
Type
Completion
Action
Date
of
Date
Office/Agency
(Staff Name)
Code
YY/MM/DD
Response
Code
YY/MM/DD
CULHOU
ORIGINATOR 8405,25
/
/
Referral Note:
CUAT18
D 84/05/25
584,05,30
Referral Note:
noon
/
/
/
/
-
Referral Note:
/
/
/
/
-
Referral Note:
/ /
/-
+
Referral Note:
ACTION CODES:
DISPOSITION CODES:
A Appropriate Action
I - Info Copy Only/No Action Necessary
A Answered
C Completed
C . Comment/Recommendation
R - Direct Reply w/Copy
B - Non-Special Referral
S Suspended
D Draft Response
S For Signature
F Furnish Fact Sheet
X Interim Reply
to be used as Enclosure
FOR OUTGOING CORRESPONDENCE:
Type of Response = Initials of Signer
Code = "A"
Completion Date = Date of Outgoing
Comments:
Keep this worksheet attached to the original incoming letter.
Send all routing updates to Central Reference (Room 75, OEOB).
Always return completed correspondence record to Central Files.
Refer questions about the correspondence tracking system to Central Reference, ext. 2590.
5/81
EXECUTIVE OFFICE OF THE PRESIDENT
OFFICE OF MANAGEMENT AND BUDGET
WASHINGTON, D.C. 20503
Mav 25, 1984
LEGISLATIVE REFERRAL MEMORANDUM
TO:
LEGISLATIVE LIAISON OFFICER
Federal Trade Commission
Department of Commerce
Department of Energy
SUBJECT: Draft Department of Justice report on H.R. 5452, a bill to
amend the FTC Act concerning acquistions of substantial
energy reserve holders.
The Office of Management and Budget requests the views of your
agency on the above subject before advising on its relationship
to the program of the President, in accordance with OMB Circular
A-19.
Please provide us with your views no later than -- NOON --
Wednesday, May 30, 1984
Direct your questions to Branden Blum (395-3802), the legislative
attorney in this office.
James
Assistant Director for
Legislative Reference
Enclosure
CC: Lehmann Li
Fred Fielding
Karen Wilson
Ken Glozer
Mike Uhlmann John Cooney
Joe Hezir
Kate Newman
United States Department of Justice
ASSISTANT ATTORNEY GENERAL
LEGISLATIVE AFFAIRS
WASHINGTON, D.C. 20530
Honorable James J. Florio
Chairman, Subcommittee on Commerce,
Transportation and Tourism
Committee on Energy and Commerce
House of Representatives
Washington, D.C. 20515
Dear Mr. Chairman:
This is in response to your request for the views of the
Department of Justice on H.R. 5452, a bill to amend the Federal
Trade Commission Act with respect to acquisitions of
substantial energy reserve holders, and to amend the Clayton
Act with respect to acquisitions of companies with net sales or
total assets greater than $2 billion. The Department of
Justice recommends against enactment of this legislation.
The proposed amendments to the Federal Trade Commission Act
concern proceedings challenging acquisitions of substantial
energy reserve holders. The amendments would provide that a
consent decree or agreement, or an order issued by the FTC or a
court, which provided for divestiture could not become final
until the required divestiture is approved by the FTC or the
court. The amendments would also require that under certain
circumstances, substantial energy reserve holders be maintained
as separate entities until sixty days after final approval of
their acquisition. The proposed amendments to the Clayton Act
would permit the FTC or the Department of Justice to delay
large acquisitions for a period of not more than sixty days
beyond the delays already contemplated by existing law.
Existing Law and Practice Concerning
Mergers and Acquisitions
In order to understand the full impact of these proposals
on the enforcement of the antitrust laws, a detailed under-
standing of current law and practice is required. Section 7 of
the Clayton Act, 15 U.S.C. $ 18, prohibits mergers and
acquisitions whose effect "may be substantially to lessen
competition, or to tend to create a monopoly." Jurisdiction to
enforce Section 7 is vested in both the Department of Justice
and the FTC. In order to avoid duplication of efforts,
particular acquisitions are assigned for evaluation to either
the Department or the FTC, through a long-established liaison
procedure between the two agencies.
Before the enactment in 1976 of the premerger notification
requirements in Section 7A of the Clayton Act, the antitrust
enforcement agencies sometimes did not learn of acquisitions
until shortly before, or even after, they had been
consummated. As a result, the anticompetitive effects of
illegal acquisitions could be cured, if at all, only through
divestiture. Divestiture was not always an adequate remedy.
however. If the acquired assets had already been integrated
with the operations of the acquiring company, efforts to
"unscramble the eggs" were sometimes futile. Even if the
assets had been held separate, acceptable purchasers could be
hard to find. When divestiture was ultimately accomplished,
the divested business was sometimes a less effective competitor
than it had been prior to the acquisition, due to months or
years of atrophy between the original acquisition and the
ultimate divestiture.
The Congress concluded, in 1976, that many of these
problems could be avoided if the antitrust enforcement agencies
had an opportunity to intervene before, rather than after,
illegal acquisitions had been consummated. Accordingly,
Congress enacted Section 7A of the Clayton Act, 15 U.S.C.
S 18a, which requires notification to antitrust enforcement
agencies prior to consummation of mergers or acquisitions.
This notification process begins when the parties to the
proposed transaction provide the agencies with certain
preliminary information about the transaction and about the
business activities of the parties. For most types of
transactions, the reviewing agency has thirty days, from the
date both parties' filings are received, in which to conduct a
preliminary review of the acquisition. If the proposed
transaction is a cash tender offer. this preliminary review
period extends for fifteen days from the date of the acquiring
party's filing.
If the proposed transaction raises competitive concerns,
the reviewing agency may issue requests for additional
information from the parties. After this information is
provided, the parties must wait an additional 20 days, or ten
days in the case of cash tender offers, before consummating the
acquisition. The length of time between issuance of the
requests for additional information and the parties' submission
of the requested information depends upon the scope of the
requests and the efforts made by the parties to respond
quickly. In many cases, that time period is substantial.
2
The firm policy and practice of the Department is to devote
whatever resources are necessary to be prepared, before the
waiting period has expired, to file suit and seek a temporary
restraining order or preliminary injunction to block
consummation of anticompetitive transactions. That policy has
developed precisely because of the difficulties of securing
effective relief. through divestiture or otherwise, after an
anticompetitive acquisition has been consummated. For the same
reasons, the Department ordinarily will insist that any
divestiture that is required must be accomplished before,
rather than after, consummation. The Department will generally
seek to prohibit an acquisition if such divestiture has not
been accomplished, even if the parties are willing to enter
into a binding consent agreement requiring post-consummation
divestiture. 1/
When the parties are unable or unwilling to divest the
offending assets prior to consummation, the Department
generally will file suit and seek a court order to prevent the
transaction from going forward. If the court denies the
Department's request for a temporary restraining order or
preliminary injunction. thereby allowing consummation of the
acquisition, the Department generally seeks prompt and
effective divestiture. In almost all cases in which the court
permits a challenged acquisition to proceed, the court issues a
"hold separate" order to prevent all or part of the acquired
assets from being integrated and commingled with the business
operations of the acquiring party.
The government and the parties to a challenged transaction
may at any time enter into a consent agreement which requires
divestiture or other relief. All such consent agreements are
subject to the requirements of the Tunney Act, 15 U.S.C.
S 16(b)-(h). Pursuant to that Act, notice of the consent
agreement is published in the Federal Register and general
circulation newspapers. The Department also publishes a
1/ In some cases, pre-consummation divestiture may be
impossible. For example, the offending assets may belong to a
company which is the target of a hostile takeover attempt, and
which is unwilling to dispose of the assets. In that
situation, the Department will allow the acquisition to proceed
if the acquiring party is willing to enter into a consent
decree requiring prompt and effective divestiture of the
assets. This exception to the Department's usual policy
precludes target companies from blocking acquisitions by
refusing to cure competitive problems. Other circumstances
occasionally warrant exceptions to the Department's "fix-it-
first" policy.
3
Competitive Impact Statement which explains the decree and its
anticipated effects on competition. Interested persons are
invited to submit comments to the Department and the court, and
after a sixty day waiting period the Department publishes and
responds to those comments. In all consent decrees, the
Department reserves the right to withdraw its consent at any
time during this public comment period. No consent decree may
be entered by the court until this public comment period has
expired and the court has independently found that the proposed
decree is in the public interest.
In all consent decrees requiring divestiture, the
Department requires advance notification of any proposed
divestiture, and reserves the right to object to any such
proposal. All consent decrees vest continuing jurisdiction in
the court to hear and rule upon such objections, and to set
aside or modify the original consent decree if appropriate.
Effects of the Proposed Bill on Existing Law
H.R. 5452 would add to the Federal Trade Commission Act new
provisions concerning acquisitions of substantial energy
reserve holders. With respect to such acquisitions, proposed
Section 25 (a) provides that consent decrees or agreements, or
orders issued by the Commission or a court, requiring
divestiture of assets may not become final until the required
divestiture has been approved by the Commission or the court.
If the divestiture is not approved, the order may be set aside,
and proceedings may be initiated to obtain other relief,
including the divestiture of all the assets of the acquired
party as a single entity.
Proposed Section 25 (b) requires the acquired party to be
maintained as a separate business entity, forbids the
commingling of assets between the acquiring party and the
acquired party, and forbids the acquiring party from electing
more than 20 percent of the directors of the acquired party.
These provisions remain in effect until 60 days after approval
of any proposed divestiture; if no divestiture is required, the
provisions remain in effect until the final entry of a decree
or order. If it appears that legal proceedings challenging an
acquisition may be protracted, the Commission or the court may
modify or terminate those requirements if it finds that it is
in the public interest to do so.
Discussion
H.R. 5452 is ambiguous in a number of important respects.
We assume from its wording that the bill is intended to
establish procedures to be followed in the event of a challenge
to the acquisition of a substantial energy reserve holder by
4
either the FTC administratively or the Department of Justice in
court. Although the FTC has reviewed most such acquisitions
that have occurred recently. the Department has examined a
number of such mergers in the past and is likely to do 50 again
in the future. However, the insertion of these new procedures
into the FTC Act, and the lack of any correlation between them
and the provisions of the Tunney Act, which is part of the
Clayton Act, raise some ambiguities in this regard. The bill's
references to "approval", and to a decree. agreement, or order
becoming "final". raise questions as to precisely what is meant
by these terms and how they relate to approval under the Tunney
Act or the general legal doctrine of finality. For example,
"approval" might refer to approval of a divestiture plan,
approval of a particular purchaser, approval of a consummated
transaction, or approval of the turning over of assets to a
trustee for divestiture purposes. The precise effect of
H.R. 5452, given these ambiguities, is difficult to discern,
and the bill should not be enacted for this reason alone.
In addition, H.R. 5452 singles out acquisitions of energy
firms, even though there is no persuasive indication that
acquisitions in this industry pose unique competitive problems.
or that existing enforcement procedures are not fully adequate
to deal with any anticompetitive merger that might be
proposed. The Department has seen no evidence that divestiture
of energy assets is more problematic than divestiture of assets
in other industries. Accordingly, the Department opposes
efforts to undermine the general applicability of the antitrust
laws by creating different rules for a particular industry.
More importantly, the proposed legislation is unnecessary
and unwise regardless of its scope. Section 25(a) would not
add to the powers already exercised by the courts in ordering
and overseeing injunctive relief. Under existing law, the
enforcement agencies and the courts are able to review proposed
divestitures and to raise objections to them if appropriate.
Under the provisions of the Tunney Act, the settlement process
is open to public scrutiny and comment, and the courts are
explicitly directed to make their own findings as to the public
interest. The broad equitable powers of the courts are fully
sufficient to secure, in appropriate cases, the specific forms
of relief contemplated by this proposed legislation. 2/ Even
2/ We defer to the FTC for a full evaluation of its powers and
the administrative procedures it follows in challenging
acquisitions of substantial energy reserve holders. 16 C.F.R.
SS 2.31 et. seq. outlines procedures followed by the Commission
for the review of proposed consent agreements that in major
respects are comparable to procedures under the Tunney Act.
5
assuming that its ambiguities could be resolved, it is highly
likely that section 25 (a) would constrain the exercise of
necessary discretion by the enforcement agencies and the
courts, adversely affecting the interests of merging parties,
other potential participants in divestiture transactions, and
the consuming public at large.
Section 25(b) would change existing law by eliminating much
of the discretion now exercised by the FTC and the courts in
issuing and enforcing hold separate orders. What we understand
to be the basic goals of section 25 (b) are fully protected by
existing law and procedures. The policies of the enforcement
agencies and the powers of the courts and the Commission are
adequate to assure that necessary divestiture takes place. If
a hold separate order is required pending any given
divestiture, it can be obtained either through consent or
litigation. Interested parties have more than adequate
opportunity under the Tunney Act and the FTC's procedures to
become fully aware of proposed mergers and divestitures and
take whatever action they feel is appropriate. The Department
believes that the flexibility with which existing equitable
powers are exercised is more appropriate and effective than the
rigid requirements of the bill. The bill would require hold
separate provisions in all acquisitions of substantial energy
reserve holders even though a court might otherwise decide
that, in a particular case, a hold separate order was
inequitable. The bill would also require that all assets be
held separate, including assets which might be wholly unrelated
to the competitive problem.
The latter effect may itself be anticompetitive in some
situations. A business subject to a hold separate order may be
hampered in planning for the future, raising capital, or
attracting and retaining the most qualified personnel. If it
remains in limbo for a substantial period of time, its
competitive vitality may be sapped. It was for precisely this
reason, among others, that Congress enacted Section 7A of the
Clayton Act, and that the Department has insisted on
pre-consummation divestiture, rather than allowing offending
assets to be held separate and divested at some future time.
The bill would permit some modification of its hold separate
requirements it if appeared that litigation would be
"protracted." However, the bill does not define "protracted"
and the Department sees no reason to risk these anticompetitive
effects for even a short period of time.
Section 2 of the proposed bill would amend Section 7A of
the Clayton Act dealing with the pre-merger notification
process. The bill would allow the FTC or the Department to
extend by up to 60 days the preliminary waiting period before
which acquisitions could be consummated. The sixty-day
6
extension would be permitted only if the net sales or total
assets of the acquired person were greater than $2 billion
dollars.
The purpose of this provision apparently is to ensure that
enforcement authorities have sufficient time to evaluate
proposed acquisitions. In the Department's experience,
however. the waiting periods provided by existing law are fully
adequate to permit a thorough and careful investigation of
proposed acquisitions. including acquisitions of very large
companies. In many instances, the Department is able to
determine with minimal investigation that substantial portions
of even very large acquisitions pose no conceivable competitive
problems.
The Department has also observed throughout the long
history of enforcement of the Clayton Act that the vast
majority of corporate mergers do not threaten competition, but,
on the contrary, do contribute to the vitality and productivity
of our free market economy. For that reason, governmental
action to restrict mergers should be undertaken with great
care. Section 2 of the proposed bill would introduce more
uncertainty, and the possibility of substantial delay, for
firms contemplating acquisitions. This uncertainty and delay
can only add to the costs and difficulties of financing
acquisitions.
Conclusion
In sum H.R. 5452 is unnecessary and unwise. Existing law
is fully adequate to permit a careful review of the competitive
effects of proposed acquisitions and proposed divestitures.
Antitrust enforcement agencies and the courts already have
sufficient power to remedy the effects of illegal
acquisitions. Therefore, the Department of Justice recommends
against enactment of this legislation.
The Office of Management and Budget has advised that there
is no objection to the submission of this report from the
standpoint of the Administration's program.
Sincerely,
Robert A. McConnell
Assistant Attorney General
I
98TH CONGRESS
2D SESSION
H.R.5452
To amend the Federal Trade Commission Act to impose certain requirements
with respect to the acquisition of substantial energy reserves holders, and for
other purposes.
IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES
APRIL 12, 1984
Mr. FLORIO introduced the following bill; which was referred jointly to the
Committees on Energy and Commerce and the Judiciary
A
BILL
To amend the Federal Trade Commission Act to impose certain
requirements with respect to the acquisition of substantial
energy reserves holders, and for other purposes.
1
Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representa-
2 tives of the United States of America in Congress assembled,
3 That (a) the Federal Trade Commission Act is amended by
4 redesignating section 25 as section 26 and inserting after
5 section 24 the following new section:
6
"SEC. 25. (a) A consent agreement proposed by the
7 Commission, a consent decree proposed for submission to a
8 court of competent jurisdiction, or an order issued by the
9 Commission or a court with respect to an acquisition of a
2
1 substantial energy reserve holder which provides for the di-
2 vestiture of any part of the assets of the substantial energy
3 reserve holder or of the person acquiring such holder may not
4 become final before the required divestiture has been ap-
5 proved by the Commission or the court. If the divestiture
6 required by a decree, agreement, or order is not approved,
7 such decree, agreement, or order may be rescinded by the
8 Commission or court and an action or proceeding may be
9 initiated to obtain appropriate relief, including requiring the
10 person making the acquisition to sell the substantial energy
11 reserve holder as a single entity to an approved person or
12 persons if there is a finding that such acquisition was in
13 violation of law.
14
"(b) If a substantial energy reserve holder is acquired in
15 an acquisition to which subsection (a) applies or if such a
16 holder is acquired and an action or proceeding has been com-
17 menced on or after January 1, 1984, by other than a private
18 party to declare the acquisition a violation of this Act or an
19 Antitrust Act, the substantial energy reserve holder shall be
20 maintained as a separate viable business entity, its assets
21 shall not be commingled with the person making the acquisi-
22 tion, and the person making the acquisition may not elect
23 more than 20 percent of the board of directors of such holder
24 until (1) 60 days after the date the consent agreement, con-
25 sent decree, or order relating to the acqusition becomes final,
HR 5452 IH
3
1 or (2) if the final agreement, decree, or order does not require
2 divestiture, the date the agreement, decree, or order becomes
3 final. If an action or proceeding to declare the acqusition un-
4 lawful has been commenced and if it appears that such action
5 or proceeding may be protracted, the Commission or the
6 court may, upon request of any party to the acquisition with
7 respect to which such action or proceeding is initiated,
8 modify or terminate the application of the requirements of
9 this subsection if it finds that such modification or termination
10 is in the public interest.
11
"(c) For purposes of this section-
12
"(1) the term 'substantial energy reserve holder'
13
means any person who, individually or together with
14
his affiliates, owns or has an interest in, 100 million
15
barrels or more of proved reserves of crude oil, natural
16
gas liquids equivalents, or natural gas equivalents
17
worldwide, as reported in such person's most recent
18
report to the Securities and Exchange Commission
19
pursuant to the requirements of the Financial Account-
20
ing Standards Board Statement Number 69; and
21
"(2) the term 'acquisition' includes the acquisition
22
of control of a substantial energy reserve holder
23
through the purchase of voting securities or assets, or
24
both.
HR 5452 IH
4
1
"(d) The requirements of subsections (a) and (b) do not
2 apply to consent agreements, consent decrees or orders of a
3 court which are proposed or issued in connection with an
4 action brought by a private party.".
5
(b) Section 25 of the Federal Trade Commission Act, as
6 added by the amendment made by subsection (a), shall apply
7 with respect to consent agreements proposed on or after Jan-
8 uary 1, 1984, by the Federal Trade Commission, consent
9 decrees proposed on or after January 1, 1984, for submission
10 to a court, and orders issued by a court or the Federal Trade
11 Commission on or after January 1, 1984, respecting the ac-
12 quisition of substantial energy reserve holders, except that
13 the requirement of subsection (b) of such section respecting
14 the electing of board of directors shall only apply with respect
15 to agreements or decrees proposed after the date of the
16 enactment of this Act or orders issued after such date.
17
SEC. 2. Subsection (e) of section 7A of the Act of
18 October 15, 1914 (15 U.S.C. 18(a)) is amended by adding at
19 the end the following:
20
"(3) The Federal Trade Commission or the Assistant
21 Attorney General, in its or his discretion may extend the 30-
22 day waiting period (or in the case of a cash tender offer, the
23 15-day waiting period) specified in subsection (b)(1) of this
24 section or extended under paragraph (2) of this subsection for
25 an additional period of not more than 60 days if the net sales
HR 5452 IH
5
1 or total assets of the person proposed to be acquired exceed
2 $2,000,000,000.".
THE WHITE HOUSE
WASHINGTON
June 25, 1984
MEMORANDUM FOR RICHARD A. HAUSER
FROM:
JOHN G. ROBERTS
SUBJECT:
Proposed Letter Regarding Juvenile Justice
Act of 1974 -- Prepared by the Office of
Planning and Evaluation for M.C. Droll's
Signature
Richard Darman has asked for comments by close of business
today on the above-referenced draft letter. The letter, to
be sent over the signature of a member of Bruce Chapman's
staff to various newspaper editors, places partial blame for
the plight of missing and exploited children on the Juvenile
Justice Act of 1974. The theory is that the Act, by generally
prohibiting institutionalization of juvenile status offenders
(runaways), left those juveniles at the mercy of the street.
I have no quarrel with the basic point, although at several
points the article falls into the fallacy of attacking a
straw man, blaming the Act for things it does not in fact
do.
In particular, the last paragraph on page 2 criticizes the
Act for "giv[ing] children all of the legal rights of
adults" and "abrogat[ing] parental rights once children
leave home." The Act does not, of course, do so in so many
words. I telephoned the author of the article, M.C. Droll,
who explained that she viewed the foregoing as consequences
of the deinstitutionalization approach of the Act. In other
words, since runaways cannot be held against their will, as
status offenders, they cannot be forcibly returned to their
parents. This, according to Droll, is giving them all the
legal rights of adults and abrogating parental rights. I
recommend objecting to this paragraph as written, because it
is not clear that the granting of adult rights to children
and the abrogation of parental rights are criticized as
consequences of deinstitutionalization rather than as
specific provisions in the Act itself. The draft memorandum
for Darman contains other technical objections. The last
item in particular should impress Darman with how carefully
we review these things.
Attachment
THE WHITE HOUSE
WASHINGTON
June 25, 1984
MEMORANDUM FOR RICHARD G. DARMAN
ASSISTANT TO THE PRESIDENT
FROM:
RICHARD A. HAUSER
DEPUTY COUNSEL TO THE PRESIDENT
SUBJECT:
Proposed Letter Regarding Juvenile Justice
Act of 1974 -- Prepared by the Office of
Planning and Evaluation for M.C. Droll's
Signature
Counsel's Office has reviewed the above-referenced proposed
article. At page 1, line 2, and page 2, line 15, the draft
refers to the "Juvenile Justice Act." The proper name of
the statute is the "Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention
Act."
:
The last paragraph on page 2 criticizes the Act for "aligning
itself with the movement to give children all of the legal
rights of adults" and for "abrogat[ing] parental rights once
children leave home." The Act does not, by its terms, do
these things. It may be argued that deinstitutionalization
-- which the Act does implement -- has the effect of abrogating
parental rights and giving children adult legal rights. If
this is the point the author wishes to make, the paragraph
should be rewritten so it is clear that the Act is being
criticized because the Act mandates deinstitutionalization,
and deinstitutionalization has these consequences. As
written it seems that the Act is being criticized for
specific provisions granting adult legal rights to children
and abrogating parental rights. As noted, such provisions
do not exist.
I would also note that there are several errors in the
print-out of possible recipients of the article. One never
knows, of course, but I suspect that neither Ruth Lehman nor
B. Rollis Hood nor Flora Ogan actually prefer to be addressed
as "Mr."
RAH:JGR:aea 6/25/84
CC: FFFielding/RAHauser/JGRoberts/Subj/Chror
THE WHITE HOUSE
WASHINGTON
June 25, 1984
MEMORANDUM FOR RICHARD G. DARMAN
ASSISTANT TO THE PRESIDENT
FROM:
RICHARD A. HAUSER
DEPUTY COUNSEL TO THE PRESIDENT
SUBJECT:
Proposed Letter Regarding Juvenile Justice
Act of 1974 -- Prepared by the Office of
Planning and Evaluation for M.C. Droll's
Signature
Counsel's Office has reviewed the above-referenced proposed
article. At page 1, line 2, and page 2, line 15, the draft
refers to the "Juvenile Justice Act." The proper name of
the statute is the "Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention
Act."
"
The last paragraph on page 2 criticizes the Act for "aligning
itself with the movement to give children all of the legal
rights of adults" and for "abrogat[ing] parental rights once
children leave home. The Act does not, by its terms, do
these things. It may be argued that deinstitutionalization
-- which the Act does implement -- has the effect of abrogating
parental rights and giving children adult legal rights. If
this is the point the author wishes to make, the paragraph
should be rewritten so it is clear that the Act is being
criticized because the Act mandates deinstitutionalization,
and deinstitutionalization has these consequences. As
written it seems that the Act is being criticized for
specific provisions granting adult legal rights to children
and abrogating parental rights. As noted, such provisions
do not exist.
I would also note that there are several errors in the
print-out of possible recipients of the article. One never
knows, of course, but I suspect that neither Ruth Lehman nor
B. Rollis Hood nor Flora Ogan actually prefer to be addressed
as "Mr."
RAH:JGR:aea 6/25/84
CC: FFFielding/RAHauser/JGRoberts/Subj/Chron
ID # 216267 CU
WHITE HOUSE
CORRESPONDENCE TRACKING WORKSHEET
O . OUTGOING
H . INTERNAL
I - INCOMING
Date Correspondence
Received (YY/MM/DD)
/
/
Name of Correspondent:
Richard Darman
MI Mail Report
User Codes: (A)
(B)
(C)
Subject: Proposed letter Re divenile Justice Act
and Evaluation for M.C. Drall's signature
of 1974 - prepared by the Office of Planning
ROUTE TO:
ACTION
DISPOSITION
Tracking
Type
Completion
Action
Date
of
Date
Office/Agency
(Staff Name)
Code
YY/MM/DD
Response
Code YY/MM/DD
Curton
ORIGINATOR 89,06,21
/
/
Referral Note:
OUAT 18
D 84 56121
584106125
Referral Note:
COB
/
/
/
/
-
Referral Note:
/
/
/
/
-
Referral Note:
/ /
/
/
-
Referral Note:
ACTION CODES:
DISPOSITION CODES:
A . Appropriate Action
I . Info Copy Only/No Action Necessary
A Answered
C Completed
C * Comment/Recommendation
R - Direct Reply w/Copy
B . Non-Special Referral
S Suspended
D Draft Response
S For Signature
F - Furnish Fact Sheet
X Interim Reply
to be used as Enclosure
FOR OUTGOING CORRESPONDENCE
Type of Response = Initials of Signer
Code = "A"
Completion Date = Date of Outgoing
Comments:
Keep this worksheet attached to the original incoming letter.
Send all routing updates to Central Reference (Room 75, OEOB).
Always return completed correspondence record to Central Files.
Refer questions about the correspondence tracking system to Central Reference, ext. 2590.
5/81
Document No.
216267SS
WHITE HOUSE STAFFING MEMORANDUM
6/21/84
DATE:
ACTION/CONCURRENCE/COMMENT DUE BY: 6/25 c.o.b.
PROPOSED LETTER RE JUVENILE JUSTICE ACT OF 1974 -- prepared
SUBJECT:
by the Office of Planning and Evaluation for M.C. Droll's signature
ACTION FYI
ACTION FYI
VICE PRESIDENT
McMANUS
MEESE
MURPHY
BAKER
OGLESBY
DEAVER
ROGERS
STOCKMAN
SPEAKES
DARMAN
P
85
SVAHN
FELDSTEIN
VERSTANDIG
FIELDING
WHITTLESEY
FULLER
HERRINGTON
HICKEY
McFARLANE
REMARKS:
May we have your comments by close of business Monday, June 25.
Thank you.
RESPONSE:
Richard G. Darman
Assistant to the President
1984 JUN 21 PM 2:47
Ext. 2702
WHEN GOOD INTENTIONS REAP BAD RESULTS
Hundreds of thousands of American Children are at risk. In passing the
Juvenile Justice Act of 1974, Congress helped create this nightmare. And by
refusing to revoke that legislation, it is turning its back on scores of defenseless
children.
Every year, some 5,000 children in this country are criminally abducted,
often to be molested or murdered. Another 150,000 children are kidnapped by non-
custodial parents to live their lives alternately in hiding and on the run,
gathering emotional, if not physical, scars.
But those outrages are multiplied in the growing community of children who
run away from-or are thrown out of--their homes. Every year, nearly a quarter-
million of these youngsters are relegated to a desperate struggle for survival
on the streets, where they are prime prospects for recruitment as thieves, drug
dealers, kiddie-porn models and child prostitutes.
If the extent of this problem is mind-boggling, the end results are soul-
searing. Father Bruce Ritter, who runs rescue missions in several center cities
for runaways and homeless youths, tells of a teenage alcolholic with syphilis,
intestinal parasites and lice who existed for three years "by selling himself
into a thousand beds and a thousand cars." He remembers a frightened 10-year-
old furtively calling for help after being forced to make pornographic films--
and, then, the sudden thud as the phone was hung up at the other end of the line.
But a survey of those buried in John and Jane Doe graves every year recounts an
even grimmer tale. Hundreds of these unidentified bodies belong to children.
The Reagan Administration has taken the lead in efforts to recover young
kidnap victims--and to recover them quickly and unharmed. This month, for example,
the President opened a national Center for Missing and Exploited Children.
2
Among other things, the new Center will handle inquiries and accept information
on sightings and other types of leads to such children's whereabouts and provide
technical assistance to parents and state and local law enforcement agencies
searching for missing children.
Moreover, the Justice Department and the FBI are working together to establish
a National Center for the Analysis of Violent Crime (VICAP) that should lead to
the apprehension of repeat, or "serial," killers, rapists and molesters who travel
from jurisdiction to jurisdiction.
But if more is being done to save young kidnap victims, little is being
done to ease the plight of runaway and throwaway children.
Although the number of teenagers in America is declining, the percentage of
teenagers who run away or are forced from their homes is rising. Certainly,
an increase in family violence contributes to this--more than half of the children
who leave home do it to escape abuse-but so do the dictates set forth in the
Juvenile Justice Act.
When Congress passed that legislation 10 years ago, it made several flawed
judgement calls, not the least of which was aligning itself with the movement to
give children all of the legal rights of adults. In rushing, willy-nilly, to
accept what is a rigidly ideological and highly abstract theory, it created more
2
problems than it solved. It abrogated parental rights once children leave home,
even if the children are fleeing decent, caring families. It transferred the re-
sources and authority of juvenile courts and law enforcement agencies to social
service agencies. It accomplished much of this by deinstitutionalizing status
offenders, juveniles who have committed offenses which would not be considered
offenses if committed by adults, like truancy and running away. And if states
want federal funding for their juvenile programs, they must toe the line.
3
Now this is not to say that the main goal of deinstitutionalization was not
a worthy one. It was. Clearly, children who are running from abuse or neglect,
or simply adolescent misunderstanding, do not belong either in jails or in old-
style juvenile halls, which is where they used to be held. But neither do they
belong on the streets.
Most of these children are confused or disturbed or both. More often than not,
they are incapable of making rational, informed decisions on their own behalf.
Even normal youngsters--those without untoward pressures on them--need adult
guidance, the kind good parents provide. But the 1974 Act, and its subsequent
amendments, made it virtually impossible to give such guidance to the children
who need it most.
In an effort to comply with the Act's edicts, most states will not allow
status offenders to be detained against their will for more than a few days or,
in many cases, hours. And those kinds of prohibitions are far too stringent.
They erode the authority of state and local agencies whose staffs are best equipped
to make decisions in the best interests of the children. They also ignore the
fact that it takes time to convince youngsters who have been traveling the road
of hard knocks that they have better options.
Moreover, making all shelters voluntary makes it easy to lure children, who
either have been picked up or have decided themselves to seek refuge, back to
the streets. Pimps, drug dealers and other hoodlums give them pie-in-the-sky
promises, and then lead them into unspeakable underworld lives.
In forcing the total deinstitutionalization of status offenders, Congress
replaced one evil with another. Common sense and compassion now demand another
change in the rules. The Administration has called for one, but only Congress
can effect it.
Marian Clarke Droll
Special Assistant
Office of Planning and Evaluation
Alternate Op-Ed Writers List
275 Dailies
[A]
Mr. Cody Hall "Mr. Hall"
The Anniston Star
216 W. Tenth Street
Anniston, AL 36201
[A]
Mr. Karl Seitz "Mr. Seitz"
Post Herald
2200 North 4th Avenue
Birmingham, AL 35202
[A]
B. C. Shelton "B. C. Shelton"
The Decatur Daily
P.O. Box 1527
Decatur, AL 35602
[A]
Mr. Nat C. Faulk "Mr. Faulk"
The Dothan Eagle
203 N. Oates Street
Dothan, AL 36301
[A]
Mr. Kevin Barry "Mr. Barry"
Florence Times-Tri-City Daily
219 W. Tennessee Street
Florence, AL 35603
[A]
Ms. Mary Hoffman "Ms. Hoffman"
The Gadsden Times
401 Locust Street
Gadsden, AL 35901
[A]
Mr. Neal Brogden
"Mr. Brogden"
Alabama Journal
200 Washington Street
Montgomery, AL 36102
A]
Mr. George Pittman "Mr. Pittman"
Arizona Daily Sun
P.O. Box 1849
Flagstaff, AZ 86001
[A]
Mr. Robert Shirley "Mr. Shirley"
Mesa Tribune
120 W. First Avenue
Mesa, AZ 87101
[A]
Mr. Jay Erashear "Mr. Erashear"
Phoenix Gazette
120 East Van Buren Street
Phoenix, AZ 85004
[A]
Mr. Ted Craig
"Mr. Craig"
Tucson Citizen
Box 26707
Tucson, AZ 85726
[A]
Mr. Charles M. Young "Mr. Young"
Editor, Helena-West Helena World
P.O. Box 340
Helena, AR 72342
[A]
Mr. Leroy Fry "Mr. Fry"
Southwest Times-Record
920 Rogers Avenue
Fort Smith, AR 72901
[A]
Mr. Jack Hoseley "Mr. Hoseley"
Southwest Times-Record
920 Rogers Avenue
Fort Smith, AR 72901
[A]
Mr. David Hawkins "Mr. Hawkins"
Arkansas Democrat
Capitol Avenue & Scott
Little Rock, AR 72203
[A]
Mr. William G. Stuart
"Mr. Stuart"
Paragould Daily Press
P.O. Drawer 38
Paragould, AR 72450
[A]
Mr. Paul Greenberg "Mr. Greenberg"
Editorial Page Editor
Pine Bluff Commercial
P.O. Box 6469
Pine Bluff, AR 71611
[A]
Mr. Keith Rahn "Mr. Rahn" .
Bakersfield Californian
1707 "Eye"
Bakersfield, CA 93302
[A]
Mr. James Brooks "Mr. Brooks"
Chief Editorial Writer
Sparks Newspapers
P.O. Box 5050
Hayward, CA 94540
[A]
Mr. Mike Gordon "Mr. Gordon"
Los Angeles Herald Examiner
1111 S. Broadway
Los Angeles, CA 90051
Mr. Mark Paul "Mr. Paul"
Chief Editorial Writer
Oakland Tribune
P.O. Box 24424
Oakland, CA 94623
[A]
Mr. Larry Boodry "Mr. Boodry"
Palm Springs Desert Sun
Box 190
Palm Springs, CA 92263
[A]
Mr. Ron Goben "Mr. Goben"
Peninsula Times-Tribune
245 Lytton Avenue
Palo Alto, CA 94302
[A]
Mr. Paul Voakes "Mr. Voakes"
Editor, Times
245 Lytton Avenue
Palo Alto, CA 94302
V[A]
Mr. Lance R. Gilmore
"Mr. Gilmore"
Opinion Page Editor
Independent & Gazette
164 Harbour Way
Richmond, CA 94801
[A]
Mr. Fred Reinsch "Mr. Reinsch"
The Sacramento Union
301 Capitol Mall
Sacramento, CA 95812
[A]
Editor "Editor"
Reason Magazine
1018 Garden Street
Santa Barbara, CA 93101
[A]
Mr. Ralph Bennet "Mr. Bennet"
Evening Tribune
350 Camino De La Reina
San Diego, CA 92108
[A]
Mr. Avery Kizer "Mr. Kizer"
Editorial Page Editor, Record
530 East Market
Stockton, CA 95202
[A]
Mr. William Jordan "Mr. Jordan"
Editorial Page Editor
Boulder Daily Camera
P.O. Box 591
Boulder, CO 80306
Mr. Dan Griswold "Mr. Griswold"
Editorial Page Editor
Gazette-Telegraph
31 South Prospect
Colorado Springs, CO 80901
[A]
Ms. Jane Otto
"Ms. Otto"
Rocky Mountain News
400 W. Colfax Avenue
Denver, CO 80204
[A]
Mr. Morley C. Ballantine "Mr. Ballantine"
Editor, Durango Herald
Drawer A
Durango, CO 81301
[A]
Ms. Mildred Shaw "Ms. Shaw"
Chief Ed Writer
The Daily Sentinel
Grand Junction, CO 81502
[A]
Ms. Ruth G. Lehman "Mr. Lehman"
Editorial Page Editor
Longmont Times Call
717 Fourth Avenue
Longmont, CO 80501
[A]
Mr. Joseph Owens
"Mr. Owens" "
The Bridgeport Courant
285 Broad Street
Bridgeport, CT 06604
[A]
Mr. Lee Grabar "Mr. Grabar"
The New Haven Register
40 Sargent Drive
New Haven, CT 06511
[A]
Ms. Morgan McGinley "Ms. McGinley" "
Editorial Page Editor
New London Day
47 Eugene O'Neill Drive
New London, CT 06320
[A]
Dr. Robert H. Krieble "Dr. Krieble"
Loctite Corporation
705 North Mountain Road
Newington, CT 06111
[A]
Mr. Robert A. Heisler "Mr. Heisler" #
Stamford Advocate
75 Tresser Blvd.
Stamford, CT 06904
Ms. Sarah Pollock "Ms. Pollock"
Hartford Courant
Mansfield Prof. Park
Route 44A
Storrs, CT 06268
[A]
Mr. Sherman London "Mr. London"
Editorial Director, American
P.O. Box 2090
Waterbury, CT 06722
[A]
Mr. Ralph Hallow
"Mr. Hallow"
Washington Times
3600 New York Avenue, NE
Washington, DC 20002
[A]
Mr. Ronald Stevens "Mr. Stevens" If
Editor, Delaware State News
P.O. Box 737
Dover, DE 19901
[A]
Mr. David Klement "Mr. Klement"
Editorial Page Editor
Bradenton Herald
P.O. Box 921
Bradenton, FL 33506
[A]
Mr. George Graham "Mr. Graham"
Associate Editor, Clearwater Sun
301 S. Myrtle
Clearwater, FL 33517
TA]
C. S. Miley "C. S. Miley"
Fort Pierce News Tribune
P.O. Box 69
Fort Pierce, FL 33450
[A]
Mr. George Harmon
"Mr. Harmon"
Editorial Page Editor
Jacksonville Journal
One Riverside Avenue
Jacksonville, FL 32202
[A]
Mr. Dave Schultz "Mr. Schultz"
Executive Editor
Lakeland Ledger
P.O. Box 408
Lakeland, FL 33802
[A]
Mr. Steve Liner "Mr. Liner"
Jackson County Floridan
P.O. Box 520
Ms. Joanna Wragg
"Ms. Wragg"
Miami Herald, Herald Plaza
Miami, FL 33101
[A]
Mr. Robert Pittman "Mr. Pittman"
Editorial Page Editor
St. Petersburg Times
P.O. Box 1121
St. Petersburg, FL 33731
[A]
Mr. Michael Richardson "Mr. Richardson"
Editorial Page Editor
St. Petersburg Independent
P.O. Box 1121
St. Petersburg, FL 33731
[A]
Mr. Thomas Weber "Mr. Weber"
Editor, Stuart News
P.O. Box 2870
Stuart, FL 33495
[A]
Mr. Bill Mansfield "Mr. Mansfield"
Editorial Page Editor
The Tallahassee Democrat
Box 990
Tallahassee, FL 32302
[A]
J. A. Clendenin "J. A. Clendenin"
Chairman Editorial Board
The Tampa Tribune
202 Parker Street
Tampa, FL 33602
[A]
Mr. Edwin A. Roberts, Jr. "Mr. Roberts"
Editorial Page Editor
The Tampa Tribune
202 Parker Street
Tampa, FL 33602
[A]
Mr. James H. Gray "Mr. Gray"
Publisher, The Herald
138 Pine Avenue
Albany, GA 31702
[A]
Mr. Richard Atkinson "Mr. Atkinson"
Journal
72 Marietta Street, NW
Atlanta, GA 30303
[A]
Mr. Frank Adams
"Mr. Adams"
Editorial Writer, Augusta Herald
P.O. Box 1928
Ms. Mary Margaret Byrne "Ms. Byrne"
Editorial Page Editor
Columbus Ledger
17 W. 12th Street
Columbus, GA 31902
[A]
Mr. Jack Bowers "Mr. Bowers"
Marietta Journal
580 Fairground Street
Marietta, GA 30060
[A]
Mr. John Griffin
"Mr. Griffin"
Honolulu Advertiser
605 Kapiolani Blvd.
Honolulu, HI 96802
[A]
Mr. James Howard "Mr. Howard"
Editorial page Editor
The Post-Register
Box 1800
Idaho Falls, ID 83401
[A]
Mr. Richard High "Mr. High"
The Twin Falls Times News
132 W. Third Street
Twin Falls, ID 83301
[A]
Mr. Steve Cousley "Mr. Cousley"
Editor, Alton Telegraph
111 E. Broadway
Alton, IL 62002
[A]
Ms. Rena Cohen "Ms. Cohen"
Daily Herald Newspapers
217 West Campbell Street
Arlington Heights, IL 60006
[A]
Mr. Tom Gumbrell "Mr. Gumbrell"
Editorial Page Editor
The Bloomington Pantagraph
301 N. Washington Street
Bloomington, IL 61701
[A]
Mrs. Lois Wille
"Mrs. Wille"
Chicago Sun-Times
401 N. Wabash
Chicago, IL 60611
[A]
Mr. Dale Foster
"Mr. Foster" If
Editorial Page Editor
The Commercial-News
17 W. North Street
[A]
Mr. Gordon C. Britton "Mr. Britton"
Editor, Edwardsville Intelligencer
117 North 2nd Street
Edwardsville, IL 62025
[A]
Mr. William Kielkopf "Mr. Kielkopf"
Editorial Page Editor, The Argus
P.O. Box 6
Rock Island, IL 61201
[A]
Pres. J. Cooper "Pres. Cooper"
Publisher, Breeze-Courier
P.O. Box 440
Taylorville, IL 62568
[A]
Mr. Thamar F. Vermillion "Mr. Vermillion"
Editorial Page Editor
The Anderson Herald
P.O. Box 1090
Anderson, IN 46015
[A]
Mr. Larry Murphy "Mr. Murphy"
The Elkhart Truth
P.O. Box 487
:
Elkhart, IN 46515
[A]
Mr. Michael T. Grehl "Mr. Grehl"
Editorial Page Editor
The Evansville Press
201 NW Second Street
Evansville, IN 47710
[A]
Mr. John V. Ankenbruck "Mr. Ankenbruck"
Fort Wayne News-Sentinel
600 W. Main Street
Fort Wayne, IN 46802
[A]
Mr. Larry Hayes
"Mr. Hayes" -
Journal-Gazette
600 W. Main Street
Fort Wayne, IN 46802
[A]
Mr. Harvey Jacobs
"Mr. Jacobs"
Indianapolis News
307 N. Pennsylvania St.
Indianapolis, IN 46204
[A]
Mr. Robert C. Kriebel "Mr. Kriebel"
Editor, Journal & Courier
221 N. Sixth Street
Lafayette, IN 47901
Mr. William Terhune "MI" Terhune"
Editorial Page Editor
Muncie Evening Press
125 South High Street
Muncie, IN 47303
[A]
Mr. Robert Kendall "Mr. Kendall"
Daily Reporter
Box 636
Martinsville, IN 46151
[A]
Mr. Emmett Smelser "Mr. Smelser"
Editorial page Editor
Palladium-Item
P.O. Box 308
Richmond, IN 47374
[A]
Mr. Richard E. Wise "Mr. Wise"
Editor, News Gazette
224 W. Franklin Street
Winchester, IN 47394
[A]
Mr. Ron Lorenzen "Mr. Lorenzen"
Editorial Page Editor-
Times Democrat
124 E. Second Street
Davenport, IA 52808
[A]
Mr. Ken Amundson "Mr. Amundson"
Telegraph Herald
Box 688
Dubuque, IA 52001
[A]
Mr. Henry B. Jameson "Mr. Jameson"
Reflector Chronicle
200 NW Third
Abilene, KS 67410
[A]
Mr. E. Ray Call "Mr. Call"
Gazette
517 Merchant Street
Emporia, KS 66801
[A]
Mr. Lee Finch "Mr. Finch"
Editor, Daily Globe
Box 820
Dodge City, KS 67801
[A]
Mr. Stuart Awbrey "Mr. Awbrey"
Hutchinson News
300 W. Second Street
Hutchinson, KS 67501
[A]
Mr. Robert J. Anderson "Mr. Anderson"
The Kansas City Kansan
901 N. Eighth Street
Kansas City, KS 66101
[A]
Mr. George Neavoll "Mr. Neavoll"
Editorial Page Editor
The Wichita Eagle-Beacon
P.O. Box 820
Wichta, KS 67201
[A]
Mr. Dave Seaton "Mr. Seaton"
Assistant Publisher
Winfield Daily Courier
P.O. Box 543
Winfield, KS 67156
[A]
Mr. Van Cavett
"Mr. Cavett"
Louisville Times
525 West Broadway
Louisville, KY 40202
[A]
Mr. Donald Pepper "Mr. Pepper"
Editorial Writer, The Sun Democrat
P.O. Box 2300
Paducah, KY 42001
[A]
Mr. Adras P. Laborde "Mr. Laborde"
The Alexandria Town Talk
P.O. Box 7558
Alexandria, LA 71301
[A]
J. Moses "J. Moses"
Editorial Page Editor
State Times
525 Lafayette Street
Baton Rouge, LA 70821
[A]
Mr. Jack Gates "Mr. Gates"
The Monroe World
411 N. Fourth Street
Monroe, LA 71201
[A]
Mr. Bailey Thompson "Mr. Thompson"
Editorial Page Editor
Shreveport Journal
Box 1110
Shreveport, LA 71130
[A]
Mr. Mark Woodward "Mr. Woodward"
Bangor Daily News
101 Main Stroet
(a)
Mr. L. A. Lemieux "Mr. Lemieux"
The Lewiston Sun
104 Park Street
Lewiston, ME 04240
[A]
Mr. Bill Stump
"Mr. Stump"
News-American
301 E. Lombard Street
Baltimore, MD 21203
[A]
Mr. Fred G. Loskamp "Mr. Loskamp"
The Star-Democrat
P.O. Box 600
Easton, MD 21601
[A]
Mr. Mel Toadvine "Mr. Toadvine"
Daily and Sunday Times
P.O. Box 1937
Salisbury, MD 21801
[A]
Ms. Shelley Cohen
"Ms. Cohen"
Boston Herald American
300 Harrison Avenue
Boston, MA 02106
[A]
Mr. Robert Cormier "Mr. Cormier"
The Fitchburg Sentinel
808 Main Street
Fitchburg, MA 01420
[A]
Mr. C. C. Costello "Mr. Costello"
Editorial Page Editor
The Lowell Sun
15 Kearney Square
Lowell, MA 01852
AA]
Mr. John McAllister "Mr. McAllister"
New Bedford Standard-Times
555 Pleasant Street
New Bedford, MA 02742
[A]
Mr. Peter M. Knapp "Mr. Knapp"
Patriot Ledger
13-19 Temple Street
Quincy, MA 02169
[A]
-
Mr. Robert McClellan "Mr. McClellan"
News
1869 Main Street
Springfield, MA 01101
[8]
Ms. Barbara Stanton "Ms. Stanton"
MD/Personal note
Detroit Free Press
321 W. Lafayette Blvd.
Detroit, MI 48231
[A]
Mr. Bob Englund "Mr. Englund"
Editorial Page Editor, Free Press
418 S. Second Street
Mankato, MN 56001
[A]
Mr. Charles Withers "Mr. Withers"
Editorial Columnist
Post-Bulletin
P.O. Box 6118
Rochester, MN 55901
[A]
Mr. Ron Clark
"Mr. Clark"
St. Paul Pioneer Press/
St. Paul Dispatch
55 E. 4th Street
St. Paul, MN 55101
[A]
Mr. Raymond Crippen "Mr. Crippen."
The Worthington Globe
300 Eleventh Street
Worthington, MN 56187
[A]
Mr. James Ward "Mr. Ward"
Editor, News
311 E. Pearl Street
Jackson, MS 39205
[A]
Mr. Ed McGrath "Mr. McGrath" .
Managing Editor
Laurel Leader-Call
P.O. Drawer 728
Laurel, MS 39440
[A]
Mr. Warren Koon "Mr. Koon"
Pres., Natchez Democrat
P.O. Box 1447
Natchez, MS 39120
[A]
Mr. Louis P. Cashman "Mr. Cashman"
The Vicksburg Post
920 South Street
Vicksburg, MS 39180
[A]
Mr. David Thomasson "Mr. Thomasson"
Editorial Page Editor
Columbia Daily Tribune
-
Editor "Editor"
News Tribune
P.O. Box 420
Jefferson City, MO 65101
[A]
Mr. Robert G. Cooper "Mr. Cooper"
Editor, Joplin Globe
117 E. 4th Street
Joplin, MO 64801
[A]
Mr. Jim Scott "Mr. Scott"
Editorial Page Editor
Kansas City Times/Star
1729 Grand
Kansas City, MO 64108
[A]
Mr. Jack Stapleton "Mr. Stapleton"
The Daily Dunklin Democrat
Printers Alley
Kennett, MO 63857
[A]
Mr. E. E. Swain "Mr. Swain"
Express & News
110 E. McPherson
Kirksville, MO 63501
[A]
Mr. Howard Hill "Mr. Hill" -
Publisher
News
Richmond, MO 64085
[A]
Mr. Ed Presberg
"Mr. Presberg"
St. Louis Globe-Democrat
710 N. Tucker Blvd.
St. Louis, MO 63101
[A]
C. L. Blanton "C. L. Blanton"
Publisher, Sikeston Standard
205 S. New Madrid
Sikeston, MO 63801
-
[A]
Mr. Dale Freeman "Mr. Freeman"
Leader & Press/News
651 Boonville Avenue
Springfield, MO 65801
[A]
Mr. Dave Oliveria "Mr. Oliveria"
Managing Editor
The Daily Inter Lake
P.O. Box 8
Kalispell, MT 59901
[A]
Mr. R. C. Oncken "Mr. Oncken"
Columbus Telegram
P.O. Box 648
Columbus, NE 68601
L. [A]
Mr. Harley G. Lofton "Mr. Lofton"
Associate Publisher
Holdrege Daily Citizen
Box 344
Holdrege, NE 68494
[A]
Mr. Richard Herman "Mr. Herman"
Journal & Journal Star
926 P Street
P.O. Box 81689
Lincoln, NE 68501
\
[A]
Mr. Thomas W. Gerber "Mr. Gerber"
The Monitor & NH Patriot
3 N. State Street
P.O. Box 1177
Concord, NH 03301
[A]
Ms. Tess Petrix
"Ms. Petrix"
Fosters Daily Democrat
333 Central Avenue
Dover, NH 03820
[A]
Mr. John L. Breen
"Mr. Breen"
Nashua Telegraph
60 Main Street
Nashua, NH 03061
[A]
Mr. Art Wynne, Jr. "Mr. Wynne"
Burrelles Press Clippings
75 East Northfield Avenue
Livingston, NJ 07039
[A]
Mr. S. Scott Rohrer "Mr. Rohrer"
Editorial Page Editor, The News
News Plaza & Straight
Paterson, NJ 07509
[A]
Mr. Dave Haladick
"Mr. Haladick"
Trentonian
Southard at Perry Streets
Trenton, - NJ 08602.
[A]
Mr. Henry G. Avery "Mr" Avery"
The Hudson Dispatch
400 38th Street
NT 07087
Ms. Carol Suplee
"Ms. Suplee"
Editorial Page Editor
Burlington County Times
Route 130
Willingboro, NJ 08046
[A]
Mr. Mel Steninger "Mr. Steninger"
Editor, Elko Free Press
Box 1330
Elko, NV 89801
[A]
Mr. Gary Thompson "Mr. Thompson"
Editor, Las Vegas Sun
P.O. Box 4275
Las Vegas, NV 89127
A]
Mr. Bruce Bledsoe "Mr. Bledsoe"
Editorial Page Editor
Evening Gazette
955 Kuenzli
Reno, NV 89520
A]
Mr. Robert Brown "Mr. Brown"
Senior Editor
The Albuquerque Journal
701 Silver Street, SW
Albuquerque, NM 87101
[A]
Mr. Richard Williams "Mr. Williams"
The Albuquerque Tribune
120 Silver Street, SW
Albuquerque, NM 87101
[A]
Mr. Donald Green "Mr. Green"
Independent
Box 1210
Gallup, NM 87301
[A]
Mr. Ed Otte "Mr. Otte"
Editorial Page Editor
The Santa Fe New Mexican
202 E. Marcy Street
Sante Fe, NM 87501
-
[A]
Mr. Howard Healy "Mr. Healy"
Knickerbocker News Union Star
645 Albany-Shaker Road
Albany, -NY 12201
[A]
Mr. Kevin R. Howe "Mr. Howe"
Cortland Standard
110 Main Street
Cortland NV 13045
Mr. Robert Clark "Mr. Clark"
Elmira Star Gazette
201 Baldwin
Elmira, NY 14902
[A]
Mr. Bruce Rothwell
"Mr. Rothwell"
New York Post
210 South Street
New York, NY 10002
[A]
Mr. Robert L. Carl "Mr. Carl"
Oneida Daily Dispatch
130 Broad Street
Oneida, NY 13421
[A]
Mr. Bert Burns "Mr. Burns"
Poughkeepsie Journal
Memorial Square
Poughkeepsie, NY 12602
[A]
Mr. Reed Kingbury "Mr. Kingbury"
Rochester Times Union
55 Exchange Street
Rochester, NY 14614
[A]
Mr. Desmond Stone
"Mr. Stone"
Democrat & Chronicle
55 Exchange Street
Rochester, NY 14614
[A]
Mr. William H. Lohden "Mr. Lohden"
Utica Daily News
221 Oriskany Plaza
Utica, NY 13503
[A]
Mr. John Rains "Mr. Rains"
Durham Morning Herald
115 Market Street
Durham, NC 27701
[A]
Mr. Carlton Harrell "Mr. Harrell"
The Durham Sun
115 Market Street
Durham, NC 27701
[A]
Mr. John Eslinger "Mr. Eslinger"
Editorial Page Editor
Observer
512 Hay Street
Fayetteville, NC 28301
Mr. Irwin Smallwood "Mr. Smallwood"
Deputy Executive Editor
Greensboro News/Record
P.O. Box 20848
Greensboro, NC 27420
[A]
Mr. Gyles Lambertson "Mr. Lambertson"
Editorial Page Editor
Greensboro Record
P.O. Box 20848
Greensboro, NC 27420
[A]
Mr. J. T. Fain "Mr. Fain"
Times News
125 Sixth Avenue E.
Hendersonville, NC 27839
[A]
Mr. Joe Brown "Mr. Brown"
Editor, High Point Enterprise
210 Church Street
High Point, NC 27261
[A]
Ms. Miriam Maynard "Ms. Maynard"
Managing Editor
Kinston Free Press
114 E. North Street
Kinston, NC 28501
[A]
Mr. Wiley McKellar "Mr. McKellar"
Editorial Page Editor
Star & Star News
P.O. Box 840
Wilmington, NC 28401
[A]
Mr. John O. Hjelle "Mr. Hjelle"
Editor, Bismarck Tribune
220 Fourth Street
Bismarck, ND 58501
[A]
Mr. Michael A. Sego "Mr. Sego"
Editor, Today
P.O. Box 429
Brunswick, OH 44212
[A]
Mr. Jim Thompson "Mr. Thompson"
Editor, Geauga Times Leader
111 Water Street
Chardon, OH 44024
[A]
Ms. Marianne O'Regan "Ms. O'Regan"
Cincinnati Post
800 Broadway
MI. Charles Fenton "Mr. Fenton"
Columbus Citizen-Journal
34 S. Third Street
Columbus, OH 43216
[A]
Mr. William H. Wild "Mr. Wild"
Journal-Herald
4th & Ludlow Streets
Dayton, OH 45401
[A]
Mr. Edwin L. Heminger "Mr. Heminger"
Publisher, The Courier
701 W. Sandusky
Findlay, OH 45840
[A]
Mr. Ron Varland "Mr. Varland" #
Lima News
121 East High Street
Lima, OH 45802
{A}
R. C. Dix "R. C. Dix"
Editorial Page Editor
Times Leader
200 S. Fourth Street
Martins Ferry, OH 43935
[A]
Mr. Loren Shultz "Mr. Shultz"
The Springfield News
202 N. Limestone Street
Springfield, OH 45501
\
[A]
Mr. John Greenman "Mr. Greenman"
Editorial Page Editor
Warren Tribune Chronicle
240 Franklin Street, SE
Warren, OH 44482
[A]
Mr. Mac McGalliard "Mr. McGalliard"
Editorial Page Editor
The Daily Ardmoreite
Box 1328
Ardmore, OK 73401
[A]
Mr. Ralph L. Smith "Mr. Smith"
General Manager, Examiner-Enterprise
P.O. Box 1278
Bartlesville, OK 74003
[A]
Mr. Tom McVey "Mr. McVey"
Editorial Page Editor
Enid News & Eagle
P.O. Drawer 1192
Mr. John Drummond
"Mr. Drummond"
Tulsa Tribune
315 S. Boulder Avenue
Tulsa, OK 74101
[A]
Mr. Clark Walworth "Mr. Walworth"
Editorial Page Editor
The Bulletin
1526 NW Hill Street
Bend, OR 97701
[A]
Mr. Eric W. Allen "Mr. Allen"
The Medford Mail Tribune
33 North First Street
Medford, OR 97501
[A]
Mr. Wesley Sullivan "Mr. Sullivan"
Editor, Oregon Statesman
P.O. Box 13009
Salem, OR 97309
[A]
Mr. Robert W. Boyer "Mr. Boyer"
Altoona Mirror
1000 Green Avenue
Altoona, PA 16603
[A]
Mr. Gene Tabacchi "Mr. Tabacchi"
Beaver County Times
P.O. Box 400
Beaver, PA 15009
[A]
Mr. John Strohmeyer "Mr. Strohmeyer"
Editor, Bethlehem Globe Times
202 W. 4th Street
Bethlehem, PA 18018
[A]
Mr. Alan J. Kerr "Mr. Kerr"
The Daily Intelligencer
333 North Broad Street
Doylestown, PA 18901
[A]
Mr. Paul Heyworth "Mr. Heyworth"
Tribune Review
Cabin Hill Drive
Greensburg, PA 15601
[A]
Mr. Saul Kohler "Mr. Kohler"
Patriot News
P.O. Box 2265
Harrisburg, PA 17105
[A]
20
Ms. Beth Winsten "Ms. Winsten"
Montgomery County Record
Box 5040
Jenkinstown, PA 19046
[A]
Mr. William Schultz "Mr. Schultz"
Intelligencer Journal
8 W. King Street
Lancaster, PA 17604
[A]
Mr. Al Roberts "Mr. Roberts
Editor, The Reporter
307 Derstine Avenue
Lansdale, PA 19446
[A]
Mr. Raymond Schaefer "Mr. Schaefer"
Managing Editor
The Express
P.O. Box 13
Lock Haven, PA 17745
[A]
Managing Editor "Editor"
The Valley Independent
Eastgate 19
Monessen, PA 15062
[A]
Mr. Len Kolasinski "Mr. Kolasinski"
The New Castle News
P.O. Box 60
New Castle, PA 16103
A]
Mr. Carroll E. Shelton "Mr. Shelton"
The Times Herald
410 Markley Street
Norristown, PA 19401
[A]
Mr. John Craig
"Mr. Craig"
Pittsburgh Post-Gazette
50 Blvd. of the Allies
Pittsburgh, PA 15222
>
[A]
Mr. Drexel R. Bradley "Mr. Bradley"
Reading Times
345 Penn Street
Reading, PA 19601
[A]
Mr. Daniel B. Hoffman "Mr. Hoffman
Reading Eagle
P.O. Box 582
Reading, PA 19603
[A]
Mr. Al Williams "Mr. Williams"
Scranton Tribune
338 N. Washington
Scranton, PA 18501
[A]
Mr. Robert Lauf "Mr. Lauf"
The Sunbury Daily Item
Second & Market Streets
Sunbury, PA 17810
[A]
Mr. Terry L. Ziegler "Mr. Ziegler"
Editor, The Grit
208 W. Third Street
Williamsport, PA 17701
[A]
Mr. Henry R. Merges "Mr. Merges"
Editor, The York Dispatch
15 E. Philadelphia Street
York, PA 17401
[A]
Mr. Jim Johnson "Mr. Johnson"
Editorial Page Editor
The Newport Daily News
101 Malbone Road
Newport, RI 02840
[A]
Mr. Samuel A. Cothran "Mr. Cothran"
Standard
124 Rutland Drive
Aiken, SC 29801
[A]
Ms. Barbara S. Williams "Ms. Williams"
Editor, Charleston Evening Post
134 Columbus Street
Charleston, SC 29402
\
[A]
Mr. G. Kent Krell "Mr. Krell"
Associate Editor
The Columbia Record
P.O. Box 1333
Columbia, SC 29202
[A]
Mr. D. James "Mr. James"
The Florence News
141 S. Irby Street
Florence, SC 29501
[A]
Ms. Mary G. Brown "Ms. Brown"
P.O. Box 1766
Orangeburg, SC 29116-176
Mr. Russell Rein "Mr. Rein"
Executive Director
Evening Herald
P.O. Box 11707
Rock Hill, SC 29730
[A]
Mr. Roger Kasa "Mr. Kasa
Editor, The Huron Daily Plainsman
49 Third Street, SE
Huron, SD 57350
[A]
Mr. Keith Anderson "Mr. Anderson"
Republic
113 W. Third
Mitchell, SD 57301
[A]
Mr. Robert B. Hipple "Mr. Hipple"
Capital Journal
415 S. Pierre Street
Pierre, SD 57501
A]
Mr. Alex Johnson "Mr. Johnson"
The Watertown Public Opinion
19 Second Street, NE
Watertown, SD 57201
[A]
Mr. Mike Loftin
"Mr. Loftin"
Chattanooga Times
117 East 10th Street
Chattanooga, TN 37402
A]
Mr. Luther B. Thigpen "Mr. Thigpen"
Clarksville Leaf-Chronicle
200 Commerce Street
Clarksville, TN 37040
A]
Ms. Eve Sparks
"Ms. Sparks"
Editorial Writer
The Sun
P.O. Box 1059
Jackson, TN 38301
[A]
Mr. Barry Henderson
"Mr. Henderson"
Knoxville Journal
210 W. Church Avenue
Knoxville, TN 37901
-
[A]
Mr. Dean Stone
"Mr. Stone"
Maryville-Alcoa Daily Times
Box 568
Maryville, TN 37801
[A]
Mr. Charles Roper
"Mr. Roper"
Editorial Page Editor
Memphis Press-Scimitar
P.O. Box 325
Memphis, TN 38101
[A]
Mr. Pinckney Keel
"Mr. Keel"
Nashville Banner
1100 Broadway
Nashville, TN 37202
[A]
Mr. Richard D. Smyser "Mr. Smyser"
Editor
Oak Ridger
101 E. Tyrone Road
Oak Ridge, TN 37830
[A]
Mr. Jerry Norman
"Mr. Norman"
Caller/Times
820 Lower Broadway
Corpus Christi, TX 78401
[A]
Ms. Rena Pederson
"Ms. Pederson"
Dallas Morning News
Communications Center
Dallas, TX 75265
TA]
Mr. Robert Lee
"Mr. Lee"
El Paso Herald-Post
401 Mills Avenue
El Paso, TX 79901
[A]
Mr. Jim Holley
"Mr. Holley"
Houston Post
4747 Southwest Freeway
Houston, TX 77001
[A]
Mr. Jim Lowe
"Mr. Lowe" .
Lampasas Dispatch
Box 631
Lampasas, TX 76550
[A]
Mr. Jay Harris "Mr. Harris"
Lubbock Avalanche-Journal
8th Street & Avenue J
Lubbock, TX 79408
[A]
Mr. Bill Modisett "Mr. Modisett"
Midland Reporter-Telegram
Box 1650
Midland, TX 79702
[A]
Mr. Daniel Andrews "Mr. Andrews"
Plainview Daily Herald
829 Broadway-Box 1240
Plainview, TX 79072
[A]
Mr. Karl Maher
"Mr. Maher"
The Port Arthur News
P.O. Box 789
Port Arthur, TX 77640
[A]
Mr. Sterling Holmesly "Mr. Holmesly"
San Antonio Express
Avenue E & Third Street
San Antonio, TX 78205
[A]
Mr. Kemper Deihl
"Mr. Deihl"
San. Antonio News
Avenue E & Third Street
San Antonio, TX 78205
[A]
Mr. Everett Taylor "Mr. Taylor"
Editor-in-Chief
Courier-Times-Telegraph
P.O. Box 2030
Tyler, TX 75710
1
[A]
Mr. Leo Lyons "Mr. Lyons"
Editorial Page Editor
Tribune-Herald
900 Franklin
Waco, TX 76703
[A]
Ms. B. Rollis Hood "Mr. Hood" "
Waxahachie Daily Light
South College Street
Waxahachie, TX 75165
[A]
Mr. C. P. Cheney "Mr. Cheney" .
The Herald Journal
75 W. Third North
Logan, UT 84321
[A]
Ms. Flora Ogan "Mr. Ogan" #
Associate Editor
Ogden Standard Examiner
455 23rd Street
Ogden, UT - 84401
[A]
N. L. Christensen "N. L. Christensen"
Provo Herald
1555 N. 200 W.
TIT 84601
Mr. Richard Laney "Mr. Laney"
The Deseret News
P.O. Box 1257
Salt Lake City, UT 84110
[A]
Mr. Bob Blair "Mr. Blair"
Tribune
143 S. Main Street
Salt Lake City, UT 84110
[A]
Mr. Stephen E. Billings "Mr. Billings"
The Barre Times Argus
P.O. Box 707
Barre, VT 05641
[A]
Mr. Daniel Costello "Mr. Costello"
Burlington Free Press
191 College Street
Burlington, VT 05401
[A]
Mr. Roger L. Cartee "Mr. Cartee"
Newport Daily Express
Box 347
Newport, VT 05855
[A]
Mr. Nelson Benyunes "Mr. Benyunes"
Editor-in-Chief
The Danville Bee
Box 331
Danville, VA 24541
[A]
Mr. James Murdock "Mr. Murdock"
Lynchburg News
101 Wyndale Drive
Lynchburg, VA 24506
[A]
Ms. Randi Deiotte "Ms. Deiotte"
Editorial Page Editor
Manassas Journal Messenger
P.O. Drawer 431
Manassas, VA 22110
[A]
Mr. Dave Brussat "Mr. Brussat"
Editorial Writer
Daily Press
7505 Warwick Blvd.
Newport News, VA 23607
[A]
Mr. Tony Snow "Mr. Snow"
Times Herald
7505 Warwick Blvd.
Newport News, VA 23607
[A]
Mr. George Hebert "Mr. Hebert"
Ledger-Star
150 West Brambleton Avenue
Norfolk, VA 23501
[A]
Mr. Edward Grimsley "Mr.
Grimsley"
Richmond News Leader
333 East Grace Street
Richmond, VA 23219
[A]
Mr. Karl Thunemann "Mr. Thunemann"
Editorial Page Editor
Daily Journal-American
P.O. Box 310
Bellevue, WA 98009
[A]
Mr. George Boynton "Mr. Boynton"
Editorial Page Editor
Bellingham Herald
P.O. Box 1277
Bellingham, WA 98225
[A]
Mr. Larry M. Zander "Mr. Zander"
Asst. City Editor
The Daily Chronicle
P.O. Box 580
Centralia, WA 98531
[A]
Mr. Clayton Fox "Mr. Fox" .
The Olympian
P.O. Box 407
Olympia, WA 98507
A]
W. C. Bequette "W. C. Bequette"
Editor, Tri-City Herald
P.O. Box 2608
Pasco, WA 99302
[A]
Mr. Dennis Ryerson "Mr. Ryerson"
Editorial Page Editor
The Columbian
701 W. Eighth Street
Vancouver, WA 98660
(A)
Mr. Richard Wesley "Mr. Wesley"
Bluefield Telegraph
412 Bland Street
Bluefield, WV 24701
[A]
Mr. W. E. Chilton "Mr. Chilton"
Charleston Gazette
C+
----
[A]
Mr. William P. Cheshire "Mr. Cheshire"
Editor, Mail
1001 Virginia St., East
Charleston, WV 25301
[A]
Mr. James E. Casto "Mr. Casto"
Huntington Herald Dispatch
P.O. Box 2017
Huntington, WV 25720
>
[A]
Mr. Paul B. Martin "Mr. Martin"
Editorial Page Editor
Martinsburg Journal
207 W. King Street
Martinsburg, WV 25401
[A]
Mr. Max Robinson "Mr. Robinson"
Morgantown Dominion Post
Greer Building
Morgantown, WV 26505
[A]
Mr. Bob Defrancis "Mr. Defrancis"
Parkersburg News
519 Juliana Street
Parkersburg, WV 26101
[A]
Mr. Tom Briley "Mr. Briley"
Editorial Page Editor
The Wheeling Intelligencer
1500 Main Street
Wheeling, WV 26003
[A]
Mr. Harry Hamm "Mr. Hamm"
The Wheeling News Register
1500 Main Street
Wheeling, WV 26003
4A)
Mr. Richard Mial "Mr. Mial"
The La Crosse Tribune
401 N. Third Street
La Crosse, WI 54601
[A]
Mr. Norbert Kontowicz "Mr. Kontowicz"
Milwaukee Sentinel
918 N. 4th Street
Milwaukee, WI 53201
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[A]
Mr. James I. Metz "Mr. Metz'
The Northwestern
P.O. Box 2926
Oshkosh, WI 54901
[A]
Mr. J. Frederic Rench "Mr. Rench"
Racine Industries, Inc.
P.O. Box 1648
Racine, WI 53401
[A]
Mr. Emmert H. Dose
"Mr. Dose"
The Journal Times
212 4th Street
Racine, WI 53403
[A]
Mr. Richard W. Timmons
"Mr. Timmons"
Rhinelander Daily News
314 Courtney Street
Rhinelander, WI 54501
4A]
Mr. William Goligoski "Mr. Goligoski"
The Superior Tlegram
1226 Ogden Avenue
Superior, WI 54880
[A]
Mr. Frank Plano
"Mr. Plano"
Wausau Record Herald
P.O. Box 1286
Wausau, WI 54401