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    "ocrText": "Ronald Reagan Presidential Library\nDigital Library Collections\nThis is a PDF of a folder from our textual collections.\nCollection: Matlock, Jack F.: Files\nFolder Title: Dissidents (10)\nBox: 23\nTo see more digitized collections visit:\nhttps://reaganlibrary.gov/archives/digital-library\nTo see all Ronald Reagan Presidential Library inventories visit:\nhttps://reaganlibrary.gov/document-collection\nContact a reference archivist at: [email protected]\nCitation Guidelines: https://reaganlibrary.gov/citing\nNational Archives Catalogue: https://catalog.archives.gov/\nWITHDRAWAL SHEET\nRonald Reagan Library\nCollection Name MATLOCK, JACK: FILES\nWithdrawer\nJET 4/28/2005\nFile Folder\nDISSIDENTS (10/23)\nFOIA\nF06-114/6\nBox Number\n23\nYARHI-MILO\n2310\nID Doc Type\nDocument Description\nNo of Doc Date Restrictions\nPages\n9385 CABLE\nPRISONER EXCHANGE: SHCHARANSKIY\n2 12/13/1982 B1\nR 12/13/2007 F06-114/6\n9380 MEMO\nDOBRIANSKY TO CLARK RE\n2 12/16/1982 B1\nSHCHARANSKIY CASE: POSSIBLE NEW\nSTEPS\nR 3/19/2013 F2006-114/6\n9386 MEMO\nBREMER TO CLARK RE SHCHARANSKIY\n2 12/10/1982 B1\nR 12/13/2007 F06-114/6\n9383 MEMO\nSAME TEXT AS DOC #9381\n1 12/22/1982 B1\nR 12/13/2007 F06-114/6\n9387 CABLE\n201545Z DEC 82\n1 12/20/1982 B1\nR 12/13/2007 F06-114/6\n9381 MEMO\nWHEELER TO BREMER RE SHCHARANSKIY\n1 12/22/1982 B1\nCASE: POSSIBLE NEW STEPS\nR 12/13/2007 F06-114/6\n9382 MEMO\nSAME TEXT AS DOC #9380\n2 12/16/1982 B1\nR 3/19/2013 F2006-114/6\n9388 MEMO\nSAME TEXT AS DOC #9386\n2 12/10/1982 B1\nR 12/13/2007 F06-114/6\n9384 MEMO\nSAME TEXT AS DOC #9380\n2 12/16/1982 B1\nR\n3/19/2013\nF2006-114/6\nFreedom of Information Act - [5 U.S.C. 552(b)]\nB-1 National security classified information [(b)(1) of the FOIA]\nB-2 Release would disclose internal personnel rules and practices of an agency [(b)(2) of the FOIA]\nB-3 Release would violate a Federal statute [(b)(3) of the FOIA]\nB-4 Release would disclose trade secrets or confidential or financial information [(b)(4) of the FOIA]\nB-6 Release would constitute a clearly unwarranted invasion of personal privacy [(b)(6) of the FOIA]\nB-7 Release would disclose information compiled for law enforcement purposes [(b)(7) of the FOIA]\nB-8 Release would disclose information concerning the regulation of financial institutions [(b)(8) of the FOIA]\nB-9 Release would disclose geological or geophysical information concerning wells [(b)(9) of the FOIA]\nC. Closed in accordance with restrictions contained in donor's deed of gift.\nWITHDRAWAL SHEET\nRonald Reagan Library\nCollection Name MATLOCK, JACK: FILES\nWithdrawer\nJET 4/28/2005\nFile Folder\nDISSIDENTS (10/23)\nFOIA\nF06-114/6\nBox Number\n23\nYARHI-MILO\n2310\nID Doc Type\nDocument Description\nNo of Doc Date Restrictions\nPages\n9389 MEMO\nSAME TEXT AS DOC #9386\n2 12/10/1982 B1\nR 12/13/2007 F06-114/6\n9390 MEMO\nSHCHARANSKIY\n1 12/30/1982 B1\nR\n12/13/2007\nF06-114/6\n9391 CABLE\n111524Z JAN 83\n2 1/11/1983 B1\nR\n12/13/2007\nF06-114/6\n9392 CABLE\n152004Z JAN 83\n2 1/15/1983 B1\nR\n12/13/2007\nF06-114/6\n9393 CABLE\n201647Z JAN 83\n4 1/20/1983 B1\nR\n12/13/2007\nF06-114/6\nFreedom of Information Act - [5 U.S.C. 552(b)]\nB-1 National security classified information [(b)(1) of the FOIA]\nB-2 Release would disclose internal personnel rules and practices of an agency [(b)(2) of the FOIA]\nB-3 Release would violate a Federal statute [(b)(3) of the FOIA]\nB-4 Release would disclose trade secrets or confidential or financial information [(b)(4) of the FOIA]\nB-6 Release would constitute a clearly unwarranted Invasion of personal privacy [(b)(6) of the FOIA]\nB-7 Release would disclose information compiled for law enforcement purposes [(b)(7) of the FOIA]\nB-8 Release would disclose information concerning the regulation of financial institutions [(b)(8) of the FOIA]\nB-9 Release would disclose geological or geophysical information concerning wells [(b)(9) of the FOIA]\nC. Closed in accordance with restrictions contained in donor's deed of gift.\nDessidents\nVYT\n12/1/82\n- 8\nMCHARANSKY\nAnatoly Shcharansky is more than a\nmere person. Arrested five years ago\nWith Shcharansky\nated from within. The energy normally\nused to consume and digest food is de-\nby the Soviet regime, he was sen-\nflected elsewhere. Intellectual and\ntenced to a 13-year prison term on\nspiritual powers seem to he expanded\ncharges that he worked for the Central\nrather than diminished. Inner masks\nIntelligence Agency an allegation\nBy Avraham Weiss\nare removed. No food clogs the body.\ndenied by President Jimmy Carter.\nOne becomes more honest, more open,\nBefore his arrest, he was an active\nMany people have tried to reach out\nwhenever we chose. Mr. Shcharansky\nmore expressive of his feelings.\nmember of the Helsinki Watch Com-\nto the Shcharanskys, to tell them that\ncannot.\nRussian diplomats came and went in\nmittee and be agitated for the right of\nothers really care. I, too, have tried.\nA hunger strike is exhilarating but\ndroves, looking harried, ambivalent\nJews to emigrate to Israel. Thus, be is\nFor six consecutive days, beginning\npainful. At night, you feel hunger\nabout what was happening. I knew the\nbeing oppressed not only as a man but\non Oct. 31, I fasted in front of the\npangs; during the day, you feel weak,\nRussians were people but wondered\nalso as a representative of the human\nSoviet Mission to the United Nations.\nyour lega wobble, you're ready to keel\nwhether they could really display emo-\nspirit and particularly of the Jewish\nDuring this period, I was joined by\nover. To fast, you must be totally com-\ntion. Can they laugh, cry, love? As the\nquest to be identified with the people\nwell over 1,000 people who, on a daily\nmitted to the cause, and the mind must\nnew leader, Yuri V. Andropov, assumes\nand land of Israel.\nbasis, fasted, prayed, studied the\novercome the body's needs. When alone,\npower, will he make a gesture of good\nThose of us who have never met him\nBible and protested on Mr. Shcharan-\nthe body predominates and hunger\nfaith by freeing Mr. Shcharansky?\nhave come to know him through his\nsky's behalf. I did not embark on this\nseems intolerable; when surrounded by\nWill the political leaders of our coun-\nwife, Avital. On the morning after their\nenterprise merely to test myself or to\nfriends, you feel reinforced and find it\ntry, when speaking with Mr. Andropov,\nwedding eight years ago, Mrs.\ndiscover what it would he like. For\npossible to continue. Fasting among\nmention Mr. Shcharansky by name? Or\nShcharansky, who had received permis-\nthis form of protest to have an impact\nsupporters that's not real fasting; but\nwill the discussion focus only on such\nsion to emigrate, left the Soviet Union\non those who are holding Mr.\nMr. Shcharansky in the Gulag, alone-\nissues as Poland and Afghanistan -\nwith the assurance that her husband\nShcharansky, it was necessary that\nthat'sa true hunger strike.\nmasses not individuals, countries not\nwould join her within six months. She\nthe public hear about it.\nOn the fourth day, Mrs. Shcharan-\npeople?\nwas further informed that if she did not\nThe block where the Soviet Mission is\nsky joined us. Her eyes reflected her\nAs I look back at that week, it seems\nleave then, she would find it virtually\nsituated, 67th Street, between Third and\nsadness. When asked to say a few\nunreal. It's as if those days didn't exist\nimpossible to leave later. As time\nLexington Avenues, is oppressive. Sit-\nwords, she responded: \"I can't speak\n- an empty space in my life. For\npassed, it became clear that the Krem-\nting behind police barriers, diagonally\nnow. All I can do is cry.\" A friend ex-\nAnatoly Shcharansky, such emptiness\nItn had no intention of granting Mr.\nacross from the Soviet Mission, we felt\nplained: \"The joy Avital feels in see-\nhas continued for years. But in empti-\nShcharansky a visa. During their sepa-\nimprisoned. K.G.B. spies peered from\ning people who empathize with her\nness there is often deep meaning. The\nration, Mrs. Shcharansky has labored\nthe roof; agents of the Federal Bureau\nand Anatoly has moved her to speak\nShcharanskys, in fighting for human\ntirelessly to bring his plight before the\nof Investigation took photographs from\nwithout words, to speak with tears.\"\nrights, lead full lives.\neyes of the world. If you have not seen\nground level; the police often made life\nWhen Mrs. Shcharansky was leaving.\nher pain, you cannot understand the\nmiserable for the demonstrators; and\nshe said: \"We are one. We are togeth-\nAvraham Weiss is rabbi of the He-\nmeaning of anguish. Recently, Mr.\nirate tenants, annoyed by our presence,\ner.\" But the truth was that in the end\nbrew Institute of Riverdale, an assist-\nShcharansky embarked on a hunger\ndropped water and eggs from apart-\nwe would go back to our families,\nant professor at Stern College of\nstrike to protest the cutting off of the\nment windows. Although we had volun-\nwhileshe would remain alone.\nYeshiva University and a vice chair-\nvery few letters and visits that he had\ntarily imprisoned ourselves in an open\nBy the fifth day, a \"high\" set not\nman of the Student Struggle for Soviet\nbeen permitted yearly.\nstreet, we could get up and walk away\none imposed from the outside but gener-\nJewry.\n27 785\nShcharansky\n13/21/21\nSECRET\nEUR/SOV:JFSCHUMAKER:LCL\n12/13/82 EXT. 21712\nEUR: RDBLACKWILL\nEUR/SOV:RECOMBS, JR.\nEUR/SOV: TWSIMONS, JR.\nEUR: MPALMER\nP: DJOHNSON\nHA: MLEVITSKY\nL/LEI: JSMITH\nINR: GSHERRY\nNSC: RPIPES ?\nEve: TMT Niles\nPRIORITY\nBERLIN\nPRIORITY\nBONN, MOSCOW PRIORITY, USMISSION BERLIN PRIORITY\nROGER CHANNEL\nRDB\nDECL: OADR\nJFS\nTAGS\nREC\nTWS\nPRISONER EXCHANGE: SHCHARANSKIY\nREF: BERLIN 4942 [ROGER CHANNEL]\n1. [$ - ENTIRE TEXT.]\n2. OVER THE PAST FEW WEEKS, WE HAVE MADE A NUMBER OF\nOFFICIAL AND UNOFFICIAL APPROACHES TO THE SOVIETS ON\nSHCHARANSKIY. THEY HAVE BEEN UNIFORMLY REBUFFED.\n3. THE LEAST NEGATIVE SIGNAL [UNTIL VOGEL] HAS COME\nFROM USA/CANADA INSTITUTE DIRECTOR ARBATOV, WHO HAS\nSAID THAT THE SOVIET SIDE WOULD FIND IT DIFFICULT TO\nCONSIDER A SHCHARANSKIY RELEASE, SINCE THE U.S. WOULD\nSEEK TO USE IT FOR PROPAGANDA PURPOSES, BILLING IT AS\nEVI DENCE THAT PRESENT U.S. POLICIES TOWARD SOVIET UNION\nWERE WORKING. ARBATOV ALSO VOICED CONCERN THAT FIRST\nTHING THE U.S. WOUD DO WOULD BE TO INVITE SHCHARANSKIY\nTO THE WHITE HOUSE FOR A MEETING WITH THE PRESIDENT.\n4. AT THE NEXT APPROPRIATE OPPORTUNITY, YOU ARE\nAUTHORIZED TO RELAY TO VOGEL THAT WE DO NOT INTEND TO\n\"LEAN ON ANDROPOV\" ABOUT SHCHARANSKIY. YOU MAY ALSO\nDECLASSIFIED\nSECRET\nNLS F06-114/649385\nBY LOS NARA, DATE 12/13/07\nSECRET\n2\nTELL HIM THAT IF SHCHARANSKIY WERE RELEASED, IF\nNECESSARY THE EXECUTIVE BRANCH WOULD DO NOTHING TO TAKE\nPROPAGANDA ADVANTAGE OF THIS, AND WOULD SEEK TO\nDISCOURAGE CONGRESSIONAL AND PRIVATE GROUP COMMENTARY\nTHAT THE SOVIET SIDE WAS \"FORCED\" TO GIVE IN ON\nSHCHARANSKIY, OR THAT U.S. POLICIES HAD \"TRIUMPHED.\"\nYOU ARE ALSO AUTHORIZED TO SAY THAT IF NO WHITE HOUSE\nMEETING WERE A CONDITION OF SHCHARANSKIY'S RELEASE,\nTHIS CONDITION WOULD BE HONORED.\n//\nSECRET\nt\nDobiciasky\nFICE-\n468 Shcharansky\nNational Security Council\nThe White House\nPackage # 8586\n82 DEC 16 P 7 : P : 17\nACTION\nJohn Poindexter\nSEQUENCE TO HAS / SEEN\n/\nA\nBud McFarlane\n2\nRem\n3\nJacque HIII\nJudge Clark\n4\nA\nJohn Poindexter\nStaff Secretary\nSit Room\nI-Information A-Action R-Retain D-Dispatch N-No further\nAction\nDISTRIBUTION\ncc:\nVP\nMeese\nBaker\nDeaver\nOther\nURCENT\nCOMMENTS\nhote that the recommendation\nfor approval does notrefer to\nthe President. This is intentional\nWe do not believe we should refer\nto the President in This undicial\nChannel.\n5\n8586\nMEMORANDUM\nNATIONAL SECURITY COUNCIL\nCONFIDENTIAL\nDecember 16, 1982\nACTION\nMEMORANDUM FOR WILLIAM P. CLARK\nFROM:\nPAULA DOBRIANSKY\nSUBJECT:\nShcharansky Case: Possible New Steps\nDuring this Administration, both official and unofficial U.S.\nsteps have been taken on behalf of imprisoned Soviet dissident\nAnatoly Shcharansky. Most of these actions have been rebuffed by\nMoscow. However, at the U.S. Trade and Economic Council (USTEC)\nmeeting in Moscow in mid-November, Arbatov mentioned to several\nUSTEC members that if Shcharansky were released, the U.S. Govern-\nment would reap considerable propaganda mileage. Yet, he asserted\nthat if he were to raise the case with the appropriate authorities,\ncertain U.S. guarantees would be needed.\nAt Tab I is a memorandum from State which indicates that James\nGiffen, President of Armco International, will be going to Moscow\non December 18. Since the Soviets have suggested that USTEC be\nused as a \"special channel\" of communication, State's memorandum\nrecommends that Giffen transmit a message to Arbatov about the\nShcharansky case. The verbal message would state, \"that the\nExecutive Branch will do nothing to take propaganda advantage of\nany unilateral Soviet gesture to help Shcharansky's plight\" and\nthat \" we will work with Congress and private groups to discourage\ncommentary that the Soviets were forced to give in or that U.S.\npolicies have triumphed.\" State also suggests that Giffen be\nauthorized to say \"if no White House meeting were made a condition\nof Shcharansky's release, this condition would be honored.\"\nAccording to State, both Mrs. Shcharansky and the Israelis have\nsupported this approach.\nI recommend that we utilize this \"special channel\" for it has\nthe advantage of not being \"official\". It would also meet\nArbatov's stated concerns about Shcharansky's conditional release\nand would satisfy Mrs. Shcharansky's request that the USG send a\n\"special emissary\" to speak with Soviet authorities on her\nhusband's behalf. A decision is needed by noon, Friday, December 17.\nRichard Pipes concurs.\nCONFIDENTIAL\nDeclassify on: OADR\nDECLASSIFIED\nNLRR 06-114/6#9380\nBY RW NARA DATE 3/19/13\nCONFIDENTIAL\n2\nRECOMMENDATION\nThat James Giffen be authorized on behalf of the Executive\nBranch to transmit the message (in the second paragraph, above)\non Shcharansky to Arbatov.\nApprove Cler Disapprove\nAttachment:\nTab I\nState's memorandum, dated December 10, 1982\nCONF IDENTIAL\nS/S 8238015\n7\n8586\nUnited States Department of State\nWashington, D.C. 20520\nDecember 10, 1982\n82\nPID: 35\nSECRET/NODIS\nMEMORANDUM FOR MR. WILLIAM P. CLARK\nTHE WHITE HOUSE\nSUBJECT: Possible New Step to Help Anatoliy Shcharanskiy\nFollowing on the President's letter to Brezhnev, there have\nbeen a number of official and unofficial U.S. attempts to raise\nwith the Soviets the plight of imprisoned Soviet dissident Anatoliy\nShcharanskiy. Unfortunately, these attempts have been almost\nuniformly rebuffed. In Madrid, Max Kampelman sent a letter on\nNovember 24 to Soviet delegation leader Kovalev requesting\nreconsideration of the Sakharov, Orlov and Shcharanskiy cases. The\nletter was returned. In Moscow, Senator Dole raised the\nShcharanskiy case with USA/Canada Institute Director Arbatov, who\nrejected linking the case with other issues of interest to the\nSoviets. Also in Moscow, our Embassy attempted to pass a letter\nfrom Avital Shcharanskiy to the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, asking\nthat it be forwarded to Anatoliy Shcharanskiy. The letter was\nreturned, with a note stating that our request to facilitate its\ndelivery \"was completely inappropriate.\nThe least negative signal on Shcharanskiy was given by Arbatov\nin conversations with members of the U.S. Trade and Economic\nCouncil (USTEC), which met in Moscow during mid-November. On that\noccasion, Arbatov said that he did not think that taking action on\nShcharanskiy at this time was necessarily a good move since people\nwould then argue that present U.S. policies were working. He also\nnoted that dissidents, when let out, tended to make a lot of noise,\nand that the first thing that would happen if the Soviets released\nShcharanskiy would be that he would meet in the White House with\nPresident Reagan. Arbatov said that if he were to approach someone\nwho could release Shcharanskiy, he would need answers for these\nquestions.\nUSTEC personnel could not, on that occasion, speak for the U.S.\ngovernment, and therefore had no answers for Arbatov. In view of\npast Soviet performance on this issue, we doubt that, even if the\nUSG does answer Arbatov's questions to his satisfaction, it would\nmake much difference in the Shcharanskiy case. However, there is\nstill a good reason for trying to get back to Arbatov. Avital\nShcharanskiy recently met with Deputy Assistant Secretary for\nEuropean Affairs Mark Palmer to ask whether -- in the wake of the\nSoviet leadership changes -- it wouldn't be a good time to take\nanother initiative with the Soviet authorities on behalf of her\nhusband. Specifically, her idea was that we send a \"special\nNLS\nF06-114/6*9386\nSECRET NODIS\nBY hoJ NARA, DATE 12/13/07\nDECL: OADR\nSECRET/NODIS\n-2-\nemissary\" (someone like Henry Kissinger) to talk to the Soviets\nabout her husband. Palmer was understandably pessimistic about the\nprospects for such an effort, but agreed that the USG would consider\nthe proposal.\nWe now understand that USTEC member James Giffen (President of\nArmco International) may be returning to Moscow before Christmas for\nbusiness reasons. The Soviets have suggested that they would like\nto use USTEC Co-chairman C. William Verity as a \"special channel\" of\ncommunication to build towards a Reagan-Andropov summit and\nexpanding trade. We have naturally warned USTEC officials that this\nSoviet line is not new and is probably just a ploy to probe U.S.\npolicy intentions without commitment from the Soviet side.\nHowever, the fact that the Soviets have themselves opened up\nthis \"special channel\" does mean that messages should be able to go\nboth ways, and it has the advantage of being not quite official in\nthe Shcharanskiy case, since Verity raised the issue with Arbatov\nwith our encouragement but not in the name of the Administration.\nWe think it should be used to satisfy Mrs. Shcharanskiy's desire for\nadditional efforts on behalf of her husband, and can be used for\nthis single purpose without committing us to a broader and more\ndurable extra-official \"channel\" to the Soviets of a type\ninappropriate to relations at this point. Accordingly, we recommend\nthat the USG give Giffen a message to take to Arbatov on\nShcharanskiy. We recommend that the message be that the Executive\nBranch will do nothing to take propaganda advantage of any\nunilateral Soviet gesture to help Shcharanskiy's plight, and we will\nwork with Congress and private groups as well to discourage any\ncommentary suggesting that the Soviet side was \"forced\" to give in\nor that U.S. policies have \"triumphed.\" We would also recommend\nthat Giffen be authorized to say, on behalf of the President, that\nif no White House meeting were made a condition of Shcharanskiy's\nrelease, this condition would be honored (in our informal contacts\nwith Mrs. Shcharanskiy and the Israelis about possible conditions\nthe Soviets might impose for Shcharanskiy's release, both parties\nhave supported this strategy).\nAs noted, we do not think that such assurances, if passed to\nArbatov, stand much chance of moving the Soviets on the Shcharanskiy\nissue. But we should at least be on record as having made our best\neffort to help Shcharanskiy. In doing this, we will have gone most\nof the way toward satisfying Mrs. Shcharanskiy's request, and we\nwill have deprived the Soviets of the ability to reiterate the\nArbatov arguments in any credible manner in the future.\nL. Paul Bremer, III\nExecutive Secretary\nSECRET/NODIS\nSECRET\nSHCHARAWSICY\nNATIONAL SECURITY COUNCIL\nMESSAGE CENTER\ndecision\nPAGE 01\nMOSCOW 5391\nDTG: 201545Z DEC 82 PSN: 045419\nEOB016\nAN005949\nTOR: 354/2118Z\nCSN: HCE191\nDISTRIBUTION: DOBR-01 /001 A3\nE\nX\nWHTS ASSIGNED DISTRIBUTION:\nSIT:\nEOB:\nS\nROUTINE\nSTU1176\nDE RUEHMO #5391 3541546\nR 201545Z DEC 82\nFM AMEMBASSY MOSCOW\nE\nTO SECSTATE WASHDC 1647\nX\nINFO AMCONSUL LENINGRAD 9905\nD\nE R E T MOSCOW 15391\nEXDIS\nS\nE. O. 12356: DECL: OADR\nTAGS: SHUM, UR\nSUBJECT: MEETING WITH SHCHARANSKIY' S MOTHER AND BROTHER\nREF: MOSCOW 15220\n1.\n/\n- ENTIRE TEXT)\nE\n2. EMBOFFS MET WITH ANATOLIY SHCHARANSKIY' S MOTHER\nIDA MILGROM AND BROTHER LEONID IN ELENA BONNER' S APARTMENT\nX\nON DECEMBER 20. MILGROM SAID THAT SHE HAD BEEN CONFINED\nTO HER APARTMENT FOR ALMOST A MONTH SUFFERING FROM\n\"NERVOUS EXHAUSTION\" INDUCED BY THE ORDEAL OF ANATOLIY' S\nHUNGER STRIKE AND HAD VENTURED OUT OF DOORS FOR THE FIRST\nTIME ONLY ON DECEMBER 19. EARLIER ON DECEMBER 20, SHE\nS\nCONTINUED, SHE HAD GONE TO THE MINISTRY OF INTERNAL AFFAIRS\n(MVD) IN AN ATTEMPT TO MEET WITH GENERAL BORIS KANAVALOV,\nWHO ON TWO PREVIOUS OCCASIONS HAD DECLINED TO RECEIVE HER.\nMILGROM ARRIVED AT THE MINISTRY AT 9 AM AND WAS INSTRUCTED\nTO WAIT IN THE RECEPTION AREA. AFTER AN INORDINATELY\nLONG WAIT DURING WHICH SHE HAD ALMOST GIVEN UP HOPE OF\nSEEING KANAVALOV, HE AND A COLONEL DANILOV FINALLY\nE\nRECEIVED HER. ACCORDING TO MILGROM, BOTH OFFICIALS\nX\nINITIALLY PROFESSED IGNORANCE ABOUT SHCHARANSKIY. AFTER\nSHE HAD READ TO THEM A LONG STATEMENT ON HIS CASE WHICH,\nSHE TOLD THEM, SHE HAD GIVEN DANILOV IN OCTOBER ON HIS\nASSURANCES THAT HE WOULD PASS IT ON TO KANAVALOV, SHE\nDEMANDED THAT SHE BE ALLOWED TO MEET WITH ANATOLIY TO\nATTEMPT TO PERSUADE HIM TO RENOUNCE HIS HUNGER STRIKE.\nS\nAFTER SOME HEMMING AND HAWING, KANAVALOV TOLD HER TO\nRETURN TO RECEIVE HIS DECISION. MILGROM PLANS TO RETURN\nTO MVD ON WEDNESDAY, DECEMBER 22. BOTH LEONID AND SHE\nPROMISED TO CALL EMBOFFS TO ARRANGE ANOTHER MEETING WITH\nTHEM FOLLOWING HER NEXT VISIT TO MVD.\nHARTMAN\nBT\nDECLASSIFIED\nNLS 506-114/6#9387\nBY LOT NARA, DATE 12/13/02\nSECRET\n8586\nDessedents\n(S/S 8238015)\nNATIONAL\nCONF IDENTIAL\nDecember 22, 1982\nMEMORANDUM FOR L. PAUL BREMER, III\nExecutive Secretary\nDepartment of State\nSUBJECT:\nShcharansky Case: Possible New Steps (U)\nWe have reviewed and concur with State's proposal that James\nGiffen, President of Armco International, be authorized on\nbehalf of the Executive Branch to transmit a message to\nArbatov about the Shcharansky case. The verbal message\nwould state, \"that the Executive Branch will do nothing to\ntake propaganda advantage of any unilateral Soviet gesture\nto help Shcharansky's plight\" and that \"we will work with\nCongress and private groups to discourage commentary that\nthe Soviets were forced to give in or that U.S. policies\nhave triumphed.\" We also concur that Giffen indicate \"if no\nWhite House meeting were made a condition of Shcharansky's\nrelease, this condition would be honored.\" However, as\nGiffen will be utilizing an \"unofficial\" channel, he should\nnot make this or any other statement on behalf of the\nPresident -- only on behalf of the Executive Branch or the\nAdministration. (C)\nMichael O. Whenler\nMichael O. Wheeler\nStaff Secretary\nDECLASSIFIED\nNLS F06-114/6#9381\nCONFIDENTIAL\nDeclassify on: OADR\nBY LOJ NARA, DATE 12/13/07\nNew\n8586 add-on\nCONFIDENTIAL Attachment\nDecember 22, 1982\nACTION\nMEMORANDUM FOR MICHAEL O. WHEELER\nFROM:\nPAULA DOBRIANSKY\nSUBJECT:\nShcharansky Case\nAlthough Judge Clark approved the package attached at Tab II\nlast week and State was advised, they need the memo attached\nat Tab I showing the decision in writing for their records.\nRECOMMENDATION\nThat you sign the memorandum at Tab I.\nApprove\nDisapprove\nAttachments:\nTab I\nMemo to State\nTab II\nOriginal Pkg.\nCONFIDENTIAL Attachment\nCxs 7/12/02\n12\n8586\nINDUS\nNATICIAL SAJURITY COUNCIL\nCONFIDENTIAL\nDecember 16, 1982\nACTION\nMEMORANDUM FOR WILLIAM P. CLARK\nFROM:\nPAULA DOBRIANSKY\nSUBJECT:\nShcharansky Case: Possible New Steps\nDuring this Administration, both official and unofficial U.S.\nsteps have been taken on behalf of imprisoned Soviet dissident\nAnatoly Shcharansky. Most of these actions have been rebuffed by\nMoscow. However, at the U.S. Trade and Economic Council (USTEC)\nmeeting in Moscow in mid-November, Arbatov mentioned to several\nUSTEC members that if Shcharansky were released, the U.S. Govern-\nment would reap considerable propaganda mileage. Yet, he asserted\nthat if he were to raise the case with the appropriate authorities,\ncertain U.S. guarantees would be needed.\nAt Tab I is a memorandum from State which indicates that James\nGiffen, President of Armco International, will be going to Moscow\non December 18. Since the Soviets have suggested that USTEC be\nused as a \"special channel\" of communication, State's memorandum\nrecommends that Giffen transmit a message to Arbatov about the\nShcharansky case. The verbal message would state, \"that the\nExecutive Branch will do nothing to take propaganda advantage of\nany unilateral Soviet gesture to help Shcharansky's plight\" and\nthat \" we will work with Congress and private groups to discourage\ncommentary that the Soviets were forced to give in or that U.S.\npolicies have triumphed.\" State also suggests that Giffen be\nauthorized to say \"if no White House meeting were made a condition\nof Shcharansky's release, this condition would be honored.\"\nAccording to State, both Mrs. Shcharansky and the Israelis have\nsupported this approach.\nI recommend that we utilize this \"special channel\" for it has\nthe advantage of not being \"official\". It would also meet\nArbatov's stated concerns about Shcharansky's conditional release\nand would satisfy Mrs. Shcharansky's request that the USG send a\n\"special emissary\" to speak with Soviet authorities on her\nhusband's behalf. A decision is needed by noon, Friday, December 17.\nRichard Pipes concurs.\nCONFIDENTIAL\nDeclassify on: OADR\nDECLASSIFIED\nNLRR F06-114/649382\nBY RW\n3/19/13\nCONFIDENTIAL\n2\nRECOMMENDATION\nThat James Giffen be authorized on behalf of the Executive\nBranch to transmit the message (in the second paragraph, above)\non Shcharansky to Arbatov.\nApprove Clear Disapprove\nAttachment:\nTab I\nState's memorandum, dated December 10, 1982\nCONFIDENTIAL\nS/S 8238015\nUnited States Department of State\nWashington. D.C. 20320\nDecember 10, 1982\nSECRET/NODIS\nMEMORANDUM FOR MR. WILLIAM P. CLARK\nTHE WHITE HOUSE\nSUBJECT: Possible New Step to Help Anatoliy Shcharanskiy\nFollowing on the President's letter to Brezhnev, there have\nbeen a number of official and unofficial U.S. attempts to raise\nwith the Soviets the plight of imprisoned Soviet dissident Anatoliy\nShcharanskiy. Unfortunately, these attempts have been almost\nuniformly rebuffed. In Madrid, Max Kampelman sent a letter on\nNovember 24 to Soviet delegation leader Kovalev requesting\nreconsideration of the Sakharov, Orlov and Shcharanskiy cases. The\nletter was returned. In Moscow, Senator Dole raised the\nShcharanskiy case with USA/Canada Institute Director Arbatov, who\nrejected linking the case with other issues of interest to the\nSoviets. Also in Moscow, our Embassy attempted to pass a letter\nfrom Avital Shcharanskiy to the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, asking\nthat it be forwarded to Anatoliy Shcharanskiy. The letter was\nreturned, with a note stating that our request to facilitate its\ndelivery \"was completely inappropriate.\nThe least negative signal on Shcharanskiy was given by Arbatov\nin conversations with members of the U.S. Trade and Economic\nCouncil (USTEC), which met in Moscow during mid-November. On that\noccasion, Arbatov said that he did not think that taking action on\nShcharanskiy at this time was necessarily a good move since people\nwould then argue that present U.S. policies were working. He also\nnoted that dissidents, when let out, tended to make a lot of noise,\nand that the first thing that would happen if the Soviets released\nShcharanskiy would be that he would meet in the White House with\nPresident Reagan. Arbatov said that if he were to approach someone\nwho could release Shcharanskiy, he would need answers for these\nquestions.\nUSTEC personnel could not, on that occasion, speak for the U.S.\ngovernment, and therefore had no answers for Arbatov. In view of\npast Soviet performance on this issue, we doubt that, even if the\nUSG does answer Arbatov's questions to his satisfaction, it would\nmake much difference in the Shcharanskiy case. However, there is\nstill a good reason for trying to get back to Arbatov. Avital\nShcharanskiy recently met with Deputy Assistant Secretary for\nEuropean Affairs Mark Palmer to ask whether -- in the wake of the\nSoviet leadership changes -- it wouldn't be a good time to take\nanother initiative with the Soviet authorities on behalf of her\nhusband. Specifically, her idea was that we send a \"special\nDECLASSIFIED\nNLS F010-114/6 9388\nSECRET/NODIS\nBY\nLOJ\nNARA,\nDATE\n12/13/07\nDECL:\nOADR\nSECRET\n-2-\nemissary\" (someone like Henry Kissinger) to talk to the Soviets\nabout her husband. Palmer was understandably pessimistic about the\nprospects for such an effort, but agreed that the USG would consider\nthe proposal.\nWe now understand that USTEC member James Giffen (President of\nArmco International) may be returning to Moscow before Christmas for\nbusiness reasons. The Soviets have suggested that they would like\nto use USTEC Co-chairman C. William Verity as a \"special channel\" of\ncommunication to build towards a Reagan-Andropov summit and\nexpanding trade. We have naturally warned USTEC officials that this\nSoviet line is not new and is probably just a ploy to probe U.S.\npolicy intentions without commitment from the Soviet side.\nHowever, the fact that the Soviets have themselves opened up\nthis \"special channel\" does mean that messages should be able to go\nboth ways, and it has the advantage of being not quite official in\nthe Shcharanskiy case, since Verity raised the issue with Arbatov\nwith our encouragement but not in the name of the Administration.\nWe think it should be used to satisfy Mrs. Shcharanskiy's desire for\nadditional efforts on behalf of her husband, and can be used for\nthis single purpose without committing us to a broader and more\ndurable extra-official \"channel\" to the Soviets of a type\ninappropriate to relations at this point. Accordingly, we recommend\nthat the USG give Giffen a message to take to Arbatov on\nShcharanskiy. We recommend that the message be that the Executive\nBranch will do nothing to take propaganda advantage of any\nunilateral Soviet gesture to help Shcharanskiy's plight, and we will\nwork with Congress and private groups as well to discourage any\ncommentary suggesting that the Soviet side was \"forced\" to give in\nor that U.S. policies have \"triumphed.\" We would also recommend\nthat Giffen be authorized to say, on behalf of the President, that\nif no White House meeting were made a condition of Shcharanskiy's\nrelease, this condition would be honored (in our informal contacts\nwith Mrs. Shcharanskiy and the Israelis about possible conditions\nthe Soviets might impose for Shcharanskiy's release, both parties\nhave supported this strategy).\nAs noted, we do not think that such assurances, if passed to\nArbatov, stand much chance of moving the Soviets on the Shcharanskiy\nissue. But we should at least be on record as having made our best\neffort to help Shcharanskiy. In doing this, we will have gone most\nof the way toward satisfying Mrs. Shcharanskiy's request, and we\nwill have deprived the Soviets of the ability to reiterate the\nArbatov arguments in any credible manner in the future.\nL. Paul Bremer, III\nExecutive Secretary\nSECRET/NODIS\nNational Security Council\nThe White House\nPackage # 8586\n27:17 17\nSEQUENCE TO HAS SEEN\nACTION\nJohn Poindexter\n/\nA\nBud McFarlane\n?\nPine\n5\n3\nJacque Hill\nJudge Clark\n4\nA.\nJohn Poindexter\nStaff Secretary\nSit Room\nI-Information A-Action R-Retain D-Dispatch N-No further\nAction\nDISTRIBUTION\ncc:\nVP\nMeese\nBaker\nDeaver\nOther\nUNCENT\nCOMMENTS\nhote that the recommendation\nfor approval does not refer to\nthe Insident This intentional\ninc do not believe we should refer\nto the President in this undicinal\nChannel\n8586 add-on\nDesireted\nCONFIDENTIAL Attachment\nDecember 22, 1982\nACTION\nMEMORANDUM FOR MICHAEL O. WHEELER\nFROM:\nPAULA DOBRIANSKY\n\"\nSUBJECT:\nShcharansky Case\nAlthough Judge Clark approved the package attached at Tab II\nlast week and State was advised, they need the memo attached\nat Tab I showing the decision in writing for their records.\nRECOMMENDATION\nThat you sign the memorandum at Tab I.\nApprove\nDisapprove\nAttachments:\nTab I\nMemo to State\nTab II\nOriginal Pkg.\nCONFIDENTIAL Attachment\nCAS 7/12/02\n18\n8586\n(S/S 8238015)\nNATIONAL SECURITY COUNCIL\nWASHINGTON. C.C. 20506\nCONF IDENTIAL\n22Dect2 22\nMEMORANDUM FOR L. PAUL BREMER, III\nExecutive Secretary\nDepartment of State\nSUBJECT:\nShcharansky Case: Possible New Steps\nWe have reviewed and concur with State's proposal that James\nGiffen, President of Armco International, be authorized on\nbehalf of the Executive Branch to transmit a message to\nArbatov about the Shcharansky case. The verbal message\nwould state, \"that the Executive Branch will do nothing to\ntake propaganda advantage of any unilateral Soviet gesture\nto help Shcharansky's plight\" and that \"we will work with\nCongress and private groups to discourage commentary that\nthe Soviets were forced to give in or that U.S. policies\nhave triumphed.\" We also concur that Giffen indicate \"if no\nWhite House meeting were made a condition of Shcharansky's\nrelease, this condition would be honored.\" However, as\nGiffen will be utilizing an \"unofficial\" channel, he should\nnot make this or any other statement on behalf of the\nPresident -- only on behalf of the Executive Branch or the\nAdministration. (C)\n(s)\nMichael O. Wheeler\nStaff Secretary\nrec'd\nSee tonal\nCONF IDENTIAL\nDeclassify on: OADR\nDECLASSIFIED\nNLS F06-114/649383\nBY LOS NARA, DATE 12/13/07\n19\n8586\nCONF IDENTIAL\nDecember 16, 1982\nACTION\nMEMORANDUM FOR WILLIAM P. CLARK\nFROM:\nPAULA DOBRIANSKY\nSUBJECT:\nShcharansky Case: Possible New Steps\nDuring this Administration, both official and unofficial U.S.\nsteps have been taken on behalf of imprisoned Soviet dissident\nAnatoly Shcharansky. Most of these actions have been rebuffed by\nMoscow. However, at the U.S. Trade and Economic Council (USTEC)\nmeeting in Moscow in mid-November, Arbatov mentioned to several\nUSTEC members that if Shcharansky were released, the U.S. Govern-\nment would reap considerable propaganda mileage. Yet, he asserted\nthat if he were to raise the case with the appropriate authorities,\ncertain U.S. guarantees would be needed.\nAt Tab I is a memorandum from State which indicates that James\nGiffen, President of Armco International, will be going to Moscow\non December 18. Since the Soviets have suggested that USTEC be\nused as a \"special channel\" of communication, State's memorandum\nrecommends that Giffen transmit a message to Arbatov about the\nShcharansky case. The verbal message would state, \"that the\nExecutive Branch will do nothing to take propaganda advantage of\nany unilateral Soviet gesture to help Shcharansky's plight\" and\nthat \" we will work with Congress and private groups to discourage\ncommentary that the Soviets were forced to give in or that U.S.\npolicies have triumphed.\" State also suggests that Giffen be\nauthorized to say \"if no White House meeting were made a condition\nof Shcharansky's release, this condition would be honored.\"\nAccording to State, both Mrs. Shcharansky and the Israelis have\nsupported this approach.\nI recommend that we utilize this \"special channel\" for it has\nthe advantage of not being \"official\". It would also meet\nArbatov's stated concerns about Shcharansky's conditional release\nand would satisfy Mrs. Shcharansky's request that the USG send a\n\"special emissary\" to speak with Soviet authorities on her\nhusband's behalf. A decision is needed by noon, Friday, December 17.\nRichard Pipes concurs.\nCONFIDENTIAL\nDeclassify on: OADR\nDECLASSIFIED\nNLRR #9384\nBY RW\n3/19/13\nCONFIDENTIAL\n2\nRECOMMENDATION\nThat James Giffen be authorized on behalf of the Executive\nBranch to transmit the message (in the second paragraph, above)\non Shcharansky to Arbatov.\nApprove Clerk Disapprove\nAttachment:\nTab I\nState's memorandum, dated December 10, 1982\nCONFIDENTIAL\nS/S 8238015\nUnited States Department of State\nWashington. D.C. 2020\nDecember 10, 1982\nSECRET/NODIS\nMEMORANDUM FOR MR. WILLIAM P. CLARK\nTHE WHITE HOUSE\nSUBJECT: Possible New Step to Help Anatoliy Shcharanskiy\nFollowing on the President's letter to Brezhnev, there have\nbeen a number of official and unofficial U.S. attempts to raise\nwith the Soviets the plight of imprisoned Soviet dissident Anatoliy\nShcharanskiy. Unfortunately, these attempts have been almost\nuniformly rebuffed. In Madrid, Max Kampelman sent a letter on\nNovember 24 to Soviet delegation leader Kovalev requesting\nreconsideration of the Sakharov, Orlov and Shcharanskiy cases. The\nletter was returned. In Moscow, Senator Dole raised the\nShcharanskiy case with USA/Canada Institute Director Arbatov, who\nrejected linking the case with other issues of interest to the\nSoviets. Also in Moscow, our Embassy attempted to pass a letter\nfrom Avital Shcharanskiy to the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, asking\nthat it be forwarded to Anatoliy Shcharanskiy. The letter was\nreturned, with a note stating that our request to facilitate its\ndelivery \"was completely inappropriate.\nThe least negative signal on Shcharanskiy was given by Arbatov\nin conversations with members of the U.S. Trade and Economic\nCouncil (USTEC), which met in Moscow during mid-November. On that\noccasion, Arbatov said that he did not think that taking action on\nShcharanskiy at this time was necessarily a good move since people\nwould then argue that present U.S. policies were working. He also\nnoted that dissidents, when let out, tended to make a lot of noise,\nand that the first thing that would happen if the Soviets released\nShcharanskiy would be that he would meet in the White House with\nPresident Reagan. Arbatov said that if he were to approach someone\nwho could release Shcharanskiy, he would need answers for these\nquestions.\nUSTEC personnel could not, on that occasion, speak for the U.S.\ngovernment, and therefore had no answers for Arbatov. In view of\npast Soviet performance on this issue, we doubt that, even if the\nUSG does answer Arbatov's questions to his satisfaction, it would\nmake much difference in the Shcharanskiy case. However, there is\nstill a good reason for trying to get back to Arbatov. Avital\nShcharanskiy recently met with Deputy Assistant Secretary for\nEuropean Affairs Mark Palmer to ask whether -- in the wake of the\nSoviet leadership changes -- it wouldn't be a good time to take\nanother initiative with the Soviet authorities on behalf of her\nhusband. Specifically, her idea was that we send a \"special\nDECLASSIFIED\nNLS F06-114/6#9389\nSECRET/NODIS\nBY\nLOT\nDATE\n12/13/07\nDECL: OADR\nNARA,\nSECRET/NODIS\n-2-\nemissary\" (someone like Henry Kissinger) to talk to the Soviets\nabout her husband. Palmer was understandably pessimistic about the\nprospects for such an effort, but agreed that the USG would consider\nthe proposal.\nWe now understand that USTEC member James Giffen (President of\nArmco International) may be returning to Moscow before Christmas for\nbusiness reasons. The Soviets have suggested that they would like\nto use USTEC Co-chairman C. William Verity as a \"special channel\" of\ncommunication to build towards a Reagan-Andropov summit and\nexpanding trade. We have naturally warned USTEC officials that this\nSoviet line is not new and is probably just a ploy to probe U.S.\npolicy intentions without commitment from the Soviet side.\nHowever, the fact that the Soviets have themselves opened up\nthis \"special channel\" does mean that messages should be able to go\nboth ways, and it has the advantage of being not quite official in\nthe Shcharanskiy case, since Verity raised the issue with Arbatov\nwith our encouragement but not in the name of the Administration.\nWe think it should be used to satisfy Mrs. Shcharanskiy's desire for\nadditional efforts on behalf of her husband, and can be used for\nthis single purpose without committing us to a broader and more\ndurable extra-official \"channel\" to the Soviets of a type\ninappropriate to relations at this point. Accordingly, we recommend\nthat the USG give Giffen a message to take to Arbatov on\nShcharanskiy. We recommend that the message be that the Executive\nBranch will do nothing to take propaganda advantage of any\nunilateral Soviet gesture to help Shcharanskiy's plight, and we will\nwork with Congress and private groups as well to discourage any\ncommentary suggesting that the Soviet side was \"forced\" to give in\nor that U.S. policies have \"triumphed.\" We would also recommend\nthat Giffen be authorized to say, on behalf of the President, that\nif no White House meeting were made a condition of Shcharanskiy's\nrelease, this condition would be honored (in our informal contacts\nwith Mrs. Shcharanskiy and the Israelis about possible conditions\nthe Soviets might impose for Shcharanskiy's release, both parties\nhave supported this strategy).\nAs noted, we do not think that such assurances, if passed to\nArbatov, stand much chance of moving the Soviets on the Shcharanskiy\nissue. But we should at least be on record as having made our best\neffort to help Shcharanskiy. In doing this, we will have gone most\nof the way toward satisfying Mrs. Shcharanskiy's request, and we\nwill have deprived the Soviets of the ability to reiterate the\nArbatov arguments in any credible manner in the future.\nL. Paul Bremer, III\nExecutive Secretary\nSECRET/NODIS\nNational Security Council\nThe White House\nPackage # 8586\nP7:17 : 17\nSEQUENCE TO HAS SEEN\nACTION\nJohn Poindexter\n/\nA\nBud McFarlane\n2\n3\nJacque Hill\nJudge Clark\n4\nA\nJohn Poindexter\nStaff Secretary\nSit Room\nI-Information A-Action R-Retain D-Dispatch N-No further\nAction\nDISTRIBUTION\ncc:\nVP\nMeese\nBaker\nDeaver\nOther\nINCENT\nCOMMENTS\nhote that the recommendation\nfor approval does not refer to\nthe unesident Think intentional\nthe do not believe we should refer\nto the President in this undicial\nCharmed\n8779\nDissidents\nMEMORANDUM\nNATIONAL SECURITY COUNCIL\nDecember 23, 1982\nACTION\nMEMORANDUM FOR WILLIAM P. CLARK\nTD\nFROM:\nPAULA DOBRIANSKY\nDENNIS C. DLAIR\nSUBJECT:\nProposed Presidential Telephone Calls\nAttached at Tabs I and II, respectively, are \"Recommended\nTelephone Call\" memoranda proposing that the President, in\nthe spirit of the season, make telephone calls to Pope John\nPaul II and to Lisa Alexeyeva Semyonova (Sakharov's daughter-\nin-law).\nRECOMMENDATION\nThat you initial and forward the memoranda proposing these\ncalls at Tabs I and II (to Pope John Paul II and Mrs. Semyonova,\nrespectively).\nApprove\nDisapprove\nAttachments:\nTab I\nRecommended Telephone Call Memo to Pope John Paul II\nTab II\nRecommended Telephone Call Memo to Mrs. Semyonova\n8779\nTHE WHITE HOUSE\nWASHINGTON\nRECOMMENDED TELEPHONE CALL\nTO:\nHis Eminence Pope John Paul II\nDATE:\nDecember 24-25, 1982\nRECOMMENDED BY:\nWilliam P. Clark\nPURPOSE:\nIt is appropropriate that President\nReagan, the political leader of the West,\ntalk at the end of the year (Christmas) to\nPope John Paul, the most important spiritual\nleader in the West. The call would demonstrate\nthe President's concern with the moral\ndimension of the many problems in the world:\nPoland, the Middle East, and arms control in\nparticular.\nTOPICS OF\nDISCUSSION:\n1. Concern about the sincerity and seriousness\nof purpose of the Polish regime's recent announce-\nment of the suspension of martial law.\n2. The Administration's deep concern about and\nsupport for the Polish people, and commitment\nto continue to send humanitarian assistance.\n3. Concern for the people of Lebanon, and\ndetermination to negotiate the withdrawal of\nall foreign forces from that country.\n4. Determination to continue to press for\nreductions in the world's nuclear arsenals.\n8779\nTHE WHITE HOUSE\nWASHINGTON\nRECOMMENDED TELEPHONE CALL\nTO:\nElizaveta (Lisa) Alexeyeva Semyonova,\ndaughter-in-law of Andrei Sakharov, the\nleading Soviet human rights activist,\nrenowned scientist, and Nobel Prize Laureate.\nDATE:\nDecember 24 - 25, 1982\nRECOMMENDED BY:\nWilliam P. Clark\nPURPOSE:\nTo express your concern for Sakharov's (her\nfather-in-law's) plight in the Soviet Union\nand your admiration of his undying courage\nand outspoken advocacy of human rights.\nBACKGROUND:\nLisa Alexeyeva applied for a regular Soviet visa\nfor over three years, while her fiance was already\nin the U.S. She was refused on the grounds that she\nhad no marital status. In 1980, she married Mr.\nAleksei Semyonov by proxy. In November 1981,\nSakharov and his wife, Elena Bonner, went on a\ntwo-week hunger strike to protest the repeated\nrefusal of Soviet authorities to grant an exit visa\nto Lisa Alekseyeva to join her husband in the\nU.S. After continued protests from the West, Lisa\nwas finally granted an exit visa on December 9, 1981.\nIn January 1980, Andrei Sakharov was exiled by\nSoviet authorities to Gorky, where he has been\nsubjected for two years to villainous harassment,\npunishment, loss of his livelihood and acts of\nphysical violence in retaliation for his outspoken\nadvocacy of human rights.\nTOPICS OF DISCUSSION:\n1.\nConcern about the continued harassment of her father-in-law.\n2.\nYour strong admiration for Sakharov's undying courage and\npersistent struggle for basic freedoms and human rights.\n3.\nThe Administration's belief that Mr. Sakharov should be permitted\nto take up residence in a place of his own choice where he will be able\nto reestablish contact with fellow scientists and resume his important\nresearch.\n4.\nWhat is Sakharov's current state of health?\n5. The Administration has made and will continue to make official\nrepresentations to Soviet authorities on behalf of Andrei Sakharov.\nNOTE:\nA translator will be needed.\nDescriber\nfaled 12/30/82\n10 days of\nI\nSHCHARAWSKY\n- hunger strike ) husband on\n- mother see him in Jan,\na. contact Russians at highest carel (cetter from Reason to\nBreehney\nb. prisoner exchanges\n2\nmefarlane -\n[over the years - public statements\nprivate pressure -- applied\nLa exchanges w/ Russians\npublicles of privately.\nPres. Reagan - appoaled on your behalf\nthe & Sec.ef State\nPres.\nor\nwould seek to make some kind of interention on his behalf.\nShcharansly - interested in receiving notes of what P. seeks to do.\n5\nBud will be back in toods w/her.\ncruph. it needs to remain private,\nWash. D.C. - 265 8114\nN.Y. - (212)\nRat'l Conf. - Jerry Goodman\n>\n10 Days of Hunger strike\na. Report it\nb, was moved -\n(coordinate\n& tacked about\nCetter for him to ites.)\nhis strong feelings\n>\nmidday- - friday.\n- hoped to make\n>\nwas willing to an\n(have a letter)\ninterention\nto Sucharansky\nDECLASSIFIED RELEASED\nNLS F06-114/6*9390\nBY 105 NARA, DATE 12/13/07\nENTIDOY nan THNUJINI\nPARLEY\nKYEN\nR\nNAT\ntyI\nBOVERIE\nNORTH\nCHILDRESS\nPOLLOCK\nDEGRAFFENREID\nPOSA\nDOBRIANSKY\nRAYMOND\nDUR\nREED\nFONTAINE\nREGER\nFORTIER\nREIS\nGUHIN\nROBINSON\nHELM\nRUSSELL\nKEMP\nRYE\nKIMMITT\nSAPIA-BOSCH\nKRAEMER\nSIGUR\nLAUX\nSIMS\nLENCZOWSKI\nSOMMER\nLEVINE\nSTEARMAN\nLILAC\nTAMBS\nLINHARD\nTEICHER\nLORD\nTYSON\nMANFREDI\nWEISS\nMARTIN\nWETTERING\nMCMINN\nWHEELER\nMORRIS\nFICE\nDissi\nCSAKH\nJ. Res. 51\nAinety-eighth Congress of the United States of America\nAT THE FIRST SESSION\nBegun and held at the City of Washington on Monday, the third day of January,\none thousand nine hundred and eighty-three\nJoint Resolution\nDesignating May 21, 1983, as \"Andrei Sakharov Day\".\nWhereas Andrei Sakharov has earned the admiration and gratitude\nof all the peoples of the world for his tireless and courageous\nefforts to secure basic human freedoms for the peoples of the\nSoviet Union, including those rights and freedoms proclaimed and\nguaranteed in the Final Act of the Conference on Security and\nCooperation in Europe signed at Helsinki, August 1, 1975; and\nWhereas Andrei Sakharov has been awarded the Nobel Prize for\nPeace for \"his love of truth and strong belief in the inviolability of\nhuman beings\nhis courageous defense of the human\nspirit\n\" and a life that has made him \"the conscience of\nmankind\"; and\nWhereas Andrei Sakharov, in direct consequence of his tireless work\nfor world peace and human rights, has been illegally confined by\nthe Government of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics to the\nremote city of Gorky, where, on May 21, 1983, he will spend his\nsixty-second birthday in almost total isolation; and\nWhereas even under conditions of isolation and harassment by\nSoviet authorities, Andrei Sakharov has continued to speak with\neloquence and great moral force for the causes of human rights\nand world peace, for amnesty for all prisoners of conscience, and\nfor full compliance by all signatory states with the provisions of\nthe Helsinki Final Act and the United Nations Universal Declara-\ntion of Human Rights: Now, therefore, be it\nResolved by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United\nStates of America in Congress assembled, That May 21, 1983, is\ndesignated \"National Andrei Sakharov Day\" and the President of\nthe United States is authorized and requested to issue a proclama-\ntion calling upon the people of the United States to observe that day\nwith appropriate ceremonies and activities.\nSEC. 2. The President of the United States is authorized and\nrequested to call upon all nations of the world to designate May 21,\n1983, as \"National Andrei Sakharov Day\" within their respective\nnations.\nSEC. 3. The President of the United States is authorized and\nrequested to urge the Government of the Union of Soviet Socialist\nRepublics to permit Andrei Sakharov and his wife, Elena Bonner,\nfreely to choose their place of residence.\n5\nS.J. Res. 51-2\nSEC. 4. The President of the United States is authorized and\nrequested to direct the American delegation to the United Nations\nto introduce a resolution in the General Assembly calling upon that\nbody to designate May 21, 1983, as \"International Andrei Sakharov\nDay\", to be observed by the United Nations with appropriate cere-\nmonies and activities.\nSpeaker of the House of Representatives.\nVice President of the United States and\nPresident of the Senate\non\nCONF IDENTIAL\nSHCHARANSKY 31\nINCOMING\nNATIONAL SECURITY COUNCIL\nMESSAGE CENTER\nTELEGRAM\nPAGE 01 OF 02 MOSCOW 0369\nDTG: 111524Z JAN 83 PSN: 072550\nEOB668\nAN001194\nTOR: 011/1815Z\nCSN: HCE865\nDISTRIBUTION: MYER-01 DOBR-01 /002 A2\nE\nX\nWHTS ASSIGNED DISTRIBUTION:\nSIT: PUBS\nD\nEOB:\nS\nROUTINE\nSTU1946\nDE RUEHMO #0369 0111525\nR 111524Z JAN 83\nFM AMEMBASSY MOSCOW\nE\nTO SECSTATE WASHDC 2223\nX\nINFO AMCONSUL LENINGRAD 0170\nD\nCONFI ENTI A L MOSCOW 00369\nEXDIS\nS\nE.O. 12356: DECL: OADR\nTAGS: SHUM, UR\nSUBJECT: MEETING WITH SHCHARANSKIY' S BROTHER\nREF: 82 MOSCOW 15391\nE\n1.\n-\n- ENTIRE TEXT.\nX\nD\n2. EMBOFF SPOKE WITH ANATOLIY SHCHARANSKIY' BROTHER\nLEONID ON JANUARY 10 DURING A MEETING BETWEEN LOCAL\nDISSIDENTS AND REFUSENIKS AND MEMBERS OF CODEL LANTOS.\nLEONID BASICALLY CONFIRMED THE INFORMATION ON THE MOST\nS\nRECENT DEVELOPMENTS IN HIS BROTHER'S HUNGER STRIKE AS\nREPORTED RECENTLY IN WESTERN MEDIA. ACCORDING TO\nLEONID, MINISTRY OF INTERNAL AFFAIRS (MVD) OFFICIALS\nINFORMED HIS MOTHER IDA MILGROM AND HIM IN LATE DECEMBER\nTHAT A MEETING WITH ANATOLIY WOULD BE POSSIBLE AFTER\nJANUARY 4. ACCORDINGLY, THEY TRAVELED TO CHISTOPOL'\nPRISON ON JANUARY 4. THERE, PRISON COMMANDER ROMANOV\nE\nRECEIVED ONLY MRS. MILGROM AND INFORMED HER THAT ON THE\nX\nPREVIOUS DAY HE HAD TOLD ANATOLIY THAT HE WAS DEPRIVED OF\nTHE RIGHT TO MEET WITH RELATIVES BECAUSE OF HIS HUNGER\nD\nSTRIKE. ROMANOV ADDED THAT HE WOULD ALLOW ANATOLIY TO\nMEET WITH THEM IF HE ENDED THE STRIKE OR IF ONE OF\nROMANOV' S SUPERIORS IN KAZAN OR MOSCOW INSTRUCTED HIM\nS\n(ROMANOV) TO DO so. MRS. MILGROM THEN CALLED MOSCOW,\nEVIDENTLY FROM ROMANOV' S OFFICE, AND THEN PASSED HIM THE\nTELEPHONE. THE SUBSTANCE OF THE CONVERSATION OBVIOUSLY\nANGERED ROMANOV, AND HE CATEGORICALLY REFUSED TO\nCONTINUE THE DISCUSSION WITH MRS. MILGROM AND LEONID.\nSHE DECIDED TO STAY IN A HOTEL NEAR THE PRISON IN THE\nHOPE THAT SHE SOON WOULD BE ALLOWED TO MEET WITH\nANATOLIY; SHE STILL WAS THERE AS OF JANUARY 10, AND\nLEONID DOES NOT KNOW HOW LDNG SHE INTENDS TO REMAIN\nTHERE. LEONID RETURNED TO MOSCOW AND MET WITH MVD\nOFFICIALS RESPONSIBLE FOR THE ADMINISTRATION OF\nCORRECTIVE LABOR CAMPS ON JANUARY 7 TO PLEAD FOR A\nMEETING FOR ANATOLIY. THEY INFORMED LEONID THAT HE\nWOULD RECEIVE AN ANSWER ON JANUARY 10. WHEN HE\nRETURNED TO MVD, HE WAS TOLD THAT \"ALL QUESTIONS PUT\nTO US MORE THAN ONCE HAVE BEEN ANSWERED BY THE\nAPPROPRIATE AUTHORITIES.\" (COMMENT: WE INTERPRET\nTHIS REMARK TO MEAN THAT SOVIET AUTHORITIES DEFINITELY\nDECLASSIFIED\nNLS F06-114/6*9391 F06 714/6 # 9391\nCONF IDENTIAL BY NOT NARA, DATE 12/13/07\n7.2\nCONF IDENTIAL\nINCOMING\nNATIONAL SECURITY COUNCIL\nMESSAGE CENTER\nTELEGRAM\nPAGE 22 OF 02 MOSCOW 0369\nDTG: 111524Z JAN 83 PSN: 072550\nHAVE DECIDED NOT TO ALLOW MRS. MILGROM OR LEONID TO\nMEET WITH ANATOLIY UNTIL HE ENDS HIS HUNGER STRIKE.\nTHE OVIETS APPEAR TO BE STONEWALLING WITH REGARD TO\nE\nHIS\nONDITION. END COMMENT. )\nX\nD\n3.\nV\nEONID ADDED THAT CHISTOPOL' COMMANDANT ROMANOV\nHAD I NF ORMED MRS. MILGROM THAT ANATOLIY WAS BEING\nI\nFORCE FED EVERY THIRD DAY.\nS\n11\n4.\nN\nRS. MILGROM AND LEONID SHCHARANSKIY STILL DO NOT\nKNOW FOR CERTAIN WHAT ANATOLIY' S CONDITION IS. THEY\nFEAR THAT HE WILL SUFFER IRREPARABLE DAMAGE TO HIS\nHEAL T IF HE PROLONGS HIS HUNGER STRIKE AND so ARE\nEXTRE MELY ANXIOUS TO MEET WITH HIM NOW TO ATTEMPT TO\nCONV NCE HIM TO END IT.\nE\n5.\nV EONID PLANS TO REMAIN IN MOSCOW AT LEAST FOR THE\nX\nNEXT EW DAYS. HARTMAN\nBT\nD\nS\nE\nX\nD\nS\nE\nX\nD\nS\nCONF IDENTIAL\nVOA Editorial Summary for 14 Jan. 83\nFree Anatoly Shcharansky\nThe USG-ed has discussed the fate of Anatoly Shcharansky on\nseveral occasions in the past few months since he began his\nhunger strike. Fears for his life have grown in that time.\nShcharansky's wife says that today he is being force fed every\nthree days--and that she doubts that he can survive much longer.\nThe editorial repeats the unjust charges which the Soviets have\nused to imprison Shcharansky and calls on the Soviet rulers,\n\"however much they detest him (to) understand at this pont that\nthere can be no justification for allowing him to die.\nE\nEditorial 0-0465\nJanuary 14, 1983\nFree Anatoly Shcharansky (OUR42)\nAnncr:\nNext, a VOA Editorial, reflecting the views of the U.S. Government.\nVoice:\nIt has been almost six years now since the arrest of Soviet human rights\nactivist Anatoly Shcharansky, and more than three months since he began a hunger\nstrike in a desperate effort to gain his freedom. Fears for Mr. Shcharansky's life\nbeen growing ever since then, and now his wife says that he may not survive much\nlonger.\nMrs. Shcharansky has appealed to French President Francois Mitterrand,\nasking him to use whatever influence he has in the Kremlin to secure her husband's\nrelease. She says that Mr. Shcharansky is being force-fed every three days by\nofficials of the prison in Chistopol, where he is being held. But that, she warned, is\nnot enough to keep him alive.\nOfficially, Mr. Shcharansky is serving out a 13-year sentence for committing\nespionage. In fact, he is being punished for his political views. Anatoly\nShcharansky was an active member of the Helsinki group of activitists who\nmonitored Soviet compliance with the Helsinki Final Act, in which Moscow pledged\nto observe minimum internationally accepted standards of human rights. He was\nalso involved in the movement among Soviet Jews to escape religious persecution\nby emigrating to Israel. If Mr. Shcharansky is ever allowed to go free, that is\nwhere he intends to live.\n- 2 -\nWe have often complained about the Soviet Union's unconscionable treatment\nof political dissenters. We have often decried the violations of fundamental and\nuniversal human rights that are committed by regimes that imprison people for\nhaving or expressing views that are not officially sanctioned by their governments.\nWe have often been appalled by the mockery of law that takes place when a\ngovernment concocts criminal charges against political dissenters just to shut them\nup.\nBut the evidence suggests that Mr. Shcharansky's condition may be too\ncritical to leave time for further argument. Now it is simply a matter of saving a\nhuman life. Whatever the Soviet authorities may think of Anatoly Shcharansky,\nhowever much they detest him, even they must understand at this point that there\ncan be no justification for allowing him to dic.\nAnner:\nThat was a VOA Editorial, reflecting the views of the U.S. Government.\nFICE SHCHARABILY\nNATIONAL SECURITY COUNCIL\nJanuary 18, 1983\nTO:\nBOB SIMS\nWALT RAYMOND\nPAULA DOBRIANSKY\nFROM:\nCARY LORD\nFYI.\nSECRET\nSHEHARANSLY\nNATIONAL SECURITY COUNCIL\nDissedents\nMESSAGE CENTER\nPAGE 01 OF 02 SECSTATE WASHDC 3245\nDTG: 152004Z JAN 83 PSN: 001456\nEOB823\nAN003700\nTOR: 015/2042Z\nCSN: HCE486\nDISTRIBUTION: FORT-01 MYER-01 DOBR-01 KRAM-01 LINH-01 ROBN-01\nSIMS-01 /007 A2\nE\nWHSR COMMENT: CHECKLIST\nX\nWHTS ASSIGNED DISTRIBUTION:\nD\nSIT: CKLS\nE OB:\nS\nOP IMMED\nDE RUEHC #3245 0152019\nO 152004Z JAN 83\nFM SECSTATE WASHDC\nE\nTO AMEMBASSY THE HAGUE IMMEDIATE 2213\nX\nINFO AMEMBASSY BRUSSELS IMMEDIATE 6165\nAMEMBASSY LONDON IMMEDIATE 6911\nD\nAMEMBASSY PARIS IMMEDIATE 9586\nAMEMBASSY MOSCOW IMMEDIATE 1689\nAMCONSUL ANTWERP IMMEDIATE 8069\nS\nAMCONSUL ROTTERDAM IMMEDIATE 4007\nUSMISSION USNATO IMMEDIATE 4365\nSE CRET STATE 013245\nEXDIS\nE.O. 12356: DECL: OADR\nE\nTAGS: OFDP, PREL, UR, NL, NATO, SHUM\nSUBJECT: ANATOLIY SHCHARANSKIY AND SOVIET INTEREST IN A\nX\nPERMANENT PRESENCE IN ROTTERDAM\nD\nREF: A) STATE 011260, B) STATE 013113, C) THE HAGUE 00359\nS\n1.\n- ENTIRE TEXT)\n2. AMBASSADOR IS REQUESTED TO APPROACH APPROPRIATE MF A\nOFFICIAL PER REF A AND MAKE THE FOLLOWING POINTS CONCERNING\nSOVIET EFFORTS TO OBTAIN A PERMANENT PRESENCE IN ROTTERDAM:\nE\n-- THE US AND OTHER ALLIES HAVE EXPRESSED THEIR SERIOUS\nX\nCONCERN IN NATO ABOUT THE SOVIET REQUEST TO ESTABLISH A\nCOMMERCIAL/CONSULAR PRESENCE IN ROTTERDAM;\nD\nWE WOULD HAVE STRONGLY PREFERRED THAT THE DUTCH\nGOVERNMENT NOT HAVE AGREED TO A PERMANENT SOVIET PRESENCE\nOF ANY KIND IN ROTTERDAM GIVEN THE SERIOUS ALLIANCE SECURITY\nS\nCONCERNS INVOLVED AND BELIEVE THEIR CONDITIONS OF RESIDENCY\nSHOULD TAKE THOSE CONCERNS FULLY INTO ACCOUNT;\n-- SINCE THE GON HAS EVIDENTLY DECIDED TO ALLOW A PERMANENT\nSOVIET PRESENCE IN ROTTERDAM, WE WOULD HOPE THAT THE\nNETHERLANDS WOULD EXTRACT AN EQUALLY SIGNIFICANT CONCESSION\nFROM THE SOVIET UNION;\n-- IN THIS CONNECTION, WE UNDERSTAND THAT AVITAL\nSHCHARANSKIY RECENTLY MET WITH PRIME MINISTER LUBBERS. AS\nYOU ARE PROBABLY AWARE, SECRETARY SHULTZ MET WITH MRS.\nSHCHARANSKIY ON OCTOBER 16, SHORTLY AFTER HER HUSBAND\nANATOLIY DECLARED AN INDEFINITE HUNGER STRIKE TO PROTEST\nHIS SOVIET JAILERS' REFUSAL TO ALLOW HIM CONTACT WITH THE\nOUTSIDE WORLD--EVEN WITH HIS OWN FAMILY.\n-- SINCE THEN, WE AND OTHERS IN THE WEST HAVE BEEN PURSUING\nA NUMBER OF AVENUES IN AN ATTEMPT TO HELP MR. SHCHARANSKIY-\nDECLASSIFIED\nNLS F06-114/6*9392\nSECRET\nBY LOT NARA, DATE 12/13/02\nSECRET\n38\nNATIONAL SECURITY COUNCIL\nMESSAGE CENTER\n11\nPAGE 02 OF 02 SECSTATE WASHDC 3245\nDTG: 152004Z JAN 83 PSN: 001456\nAND TO PERSUADE THE SOVIETS TO RELEASE HIM AND ALLOW HIM TO\nEMIGRATE TO ISRAEL;\nE\n-- GIVEN THE NETHERLANDS STRONG HUMAN RIGHTS TRADITION, WE\nX\nASK THAT THE GON USE ITS DISCUSSION WI, H THE SOVIETS YO\nRAISE THE SHCHARANSKIY CASE AS A QUID PRO QUO AND TO EFFECT\nD\nHS RELEASE AND EMIGRATION FROM THE SOVIET UNION. SHULTZ\nBT\nI\nS\nE\nX\nD\nI\nS\nE\nX\nD\nI\nS\nE\nX\nD\nI\nS\nSECRET\nFILE-\nVol. VII No. 6 January 18, 1983\nLynn Singer,\nINFORMATION FROM\nTHE UNION OF COUNCILS FOR SOVIET JEWS\nWEEKLY UPDATE\nShcharansky turns 35\nMother and Brother Denied Visit\nANATOLY SHCHARANSKY will be\nthirty-five years old on January\n20. That same day will mark the\n116th day of his hunger strike.\nAt the end of December, IDA MILGROM\nand LEONID SHCHARANSKY met with\nKonovolov, an officer in the\nMinistry of Internal Affairs, USSR,\nwho issued them permission to visit\nAnatoly on January 4, 1983, one\nyear to the day since their last\nvisit. They were told that the\nauthorization would be forthcoming.\nThey did receive official authorization,\nand on January 3, left on the 500\nmile journey to Chistopol Prison.\nUpon their arrival, they met with\nCamp Commandant Romanov. He denied\nthem permission to visit Anatoly,\nsaying \"you are entitled by law to\nhave a visit, but I need instructions\nfrom Moscow. You wouldn't want to\nsee him anyway, because he does not\nlook like you or me.\" Romanov confirmed\nthat Shcharansky was still on hunger\nstrike and was being force-fed once\nAnatoly Shcharansky\nevery third day.\nLeonid returned to Moscow on January 6 in an effort to investigate the\nreason for Soviet authorities' sudden reversal of their decision to\ngrant a family visit. He went to the Communist Party Central Committee\nand to the Main Administration of Prisons where he was informed that\nthe decision to allow a visit rested with the Camp Commandant.\nAt this writing, Ida Milgrom remains at Chistopol Prison in the hope\nthat she will finally be permitted to see her son.\nAccording to former POC IOSEF MENDELEVICH, under Soviet law a person in the\nfourth month of a hunger strike must be fed twice a day. The continued\ninhumane treatment of Anatoly Shcharansky is yet another vivid demonstration\n- 2 -\nof Soviet authorities' blatant disregard of their own laws and of all\naccepted international norms of civilized behavior.\nUrgent Appeal for Begun\nSoviet authorities continue to hold YOSEF BEGUN in Vladimir Prison.\nThe UCSJ received the following urgent appeal from INNA SHLOMOVNA\nSPERANSKY.\nTo the Procurator of the Vladimirskaya Oblast\nTo the Procurator of the RSFSR\nTo the Procurator General of the USSR\nI consider that the activities of my husband in the field of Jewish culture does\nnot constitute any element of criminality. I am convinced that the desire to\nemigrate to Israel cannot be a crime against the state of the USSR.\nThe answer that my husband is in the possession of any state secrets, when in fact\nhe has had no contact of any such kind for the last 15 years is an excuse with no\nfoundation and can only be considered by people of unclear conscience who do not\nwish to go to the heart of the matter.\nI earnestly beg you to let me have an answer as to where my husband's guilt really\nlies.\nInna Shlomovna Speransky\nJanuary 12, 1983\n1982: Emigration Plummets\nSoviet Jewish emigration reached its lowest level in twelve years.\nOnly 2,670 Jews were allowed to emigrate from the USSR in 1982. This\nrepresents a 95% drop since 1979 when over 51,000 Jews left the Soviet\nUnion.\nThe State Department, voicing deep concern over this precipitous decline,\npledged to continue its efforts to convince the USSR to lifts its\nstringent restrictions on emigration. Spokesman Alan Romberg said,\n\"The severe constriction of emigration by the Soviet authorities in\nrecent years is a matter of deep concern to the U.S. government and\nthis concern has been communicated to the Soviet government at every\nlevel, both in public forums and through diplomatic channels. We\nregard the Soviet reductions in emigration as clearly contradictory\nto the principle of freedom of movement and family reunification contained\nin the Helsinki Final Act to which the USSR is a signatory.\"\nDeterioration has occured in every facet of Soviet Jewish life:\nANATOLY SHCHARANSKY continues to languish on hunger strike,\nwhile ALEXANDER PARITSKY was resentenced to punishment cell\nfor six months.\nOver ten refuseniks from Moscow and Leningrad were issued\nfinal refusals for exit visas. They were told, \"Don't reapply,\nyou will never get visas.\"\n- 3 -\nArrests of prominent activists continued in 1982 with\nIOSEF BEGUN, FELIKS KOCHUBIEVSKY, and ALEXANDER KREMEN.\nIn Odessa, seven refuseniks including YAKOV and MARINA MESH,\nYURI and LIDIA PEVZNER and ALEXANDER KUSHNIR were threatened\nwith arrest in retaliation for their appeal for Shcharansky.\n\"Guardian Angel\" IDA NUDEL was released from exile only to be\ndenied a residency permit in both Moscow and Riga; she has\nbeen forced to settle in Bendery, Moldavia in order to avoid\nrearrest.\nJewish cultural expression has been nearly extinguished.\nHebrew teachers and seminar participants have been harassed\nrelentlessly and interrogated by the KGB.\nThe desperate situation of Soviet Jews is poignantly expressed in a\nletter recently received by long-term refuseniks VLADIMIR and IZOLDA\nTUFELD of Moscow.\n.we believe this holiday of Hanukkah with miracles helps for our family reunion\nas miracles were done for our people before now.\n...\nI'd like to write to you\ngood news but I must write otherwise because we have a very difficult life here\nand so we decided to share it with you, our friends.\nAbout a week ago we spoke to our son Igor. He, his wife Anna, our little grandson\nDanik (he was born on January 12, 1982) are well but they are very worried about\nus; we're not able to be with them at this difficult time. Danik is very active\nbut we cannot enjoy him. It will soon be six years since Igor left Moscow for Israel.\nwe miss Igor's family terribly. Reuniting our family is the biggest dream of our\nwhole life. We did not receive Igor's letters or he from us since February\nalthough we are writing to each other regularly.\nNow we are waiting for an answer from OVIR again and we don't give up hope for\nthe best and our family reunion in the near future.\nNews Briefs\n*The KGB visited LEONID BRAILOVSKY in an investigation to determine\nwhether his father, VICTOR, should be released from prison ahead of\nschedule. Leonid was told, \"People who recant their crimes and reform\nare entitled to early release. Your father has not done so and therefore\nhe is not entitled to early release.\"\n*POC VLADIMIR TSUKERMAN is meeting with his parents on January 10th\nto the 13th.\n*Former POC SIMON SHNIRMAN of Zaprohzia, who served two and a half\nyears in labor camp because of his refusal to join the army, was\ncalled up again last month. If he does not comply this time, he\ncould face five years of imprisonment.\n*Fifteen year old EMMA SHIFRIN was recently threatened with arrest\nby KGB officers, who accused her of \"spreading propaganda.\" Soviet\nofficial harassment seemingly has no limits.\n- 4 -\n*POC VLADIMIR YELCHIN, who was sentenced to five years in labor camp\nfor \"defaming the Soviet state\" in May 1982 has been denied correspondence\nfor the next two years. POC LEV SHEFER, sentenced at the same time on\na similar charge was beaten up by criminal elements in his labor camp.\n*Seventeen year old SASHA KREMEN was recently arrested under Article 146\nof the Soviet Criminal Code, \"assault with the attempt to commit robbery.\"\nThis charge carries the sentence of three to six years. His father\nMIKHAIL fears that the photographic equipment which was confiscated\nfrom his apartment (ALERT 12/10/82) will be used against Sasha as\nevidence of smuggling.\n*FELIKS KOCHUBIEVSKY's appeal was supposed to have been heard at the\ncourt in Moscow on January 10th.\n*Fifteen more refuseniks in Moscow were called to the OVIR and were\ngiven \"life refusals\", according to the decision of the Interior\nMinistry. Among them are YURI ILIN-ADAYEV and ISSAK KAIZLIN.\n*The following note was written by YURI TARNOPOLSKY after he ended\nhis unsuccessful forty day hunger strike which he undertook in the\nhope of winning permission for him and his family to emigrate.\n\"\nI thank you and all other people who are struggling for our\nfreedom.\nI am all right. I didn't want to harm myself though\nI admitted that possibility. I didn't want to trouble my friends.\nI simply couldn't live without protesting this outrage.\nAround the Country\nThe Union of Councils for Soviet Jews will hold\nits fourth biennial Congressional Briefing on\nSoviet Jewry, dedicated to Soviet POC Anatoly\nShcharansky, on January 26, 1983. Guest\nspeakers at the Briefing will include\nrepresentatives from the Helsinki Commission,\nState Department, and the National Security\nCouncil. Also included in the program will be\nHarvard law professor Alan Dershowitz, and\nformer refusenik professor Mark Azbel. The\nbriefing is co-sponsored by Senators Alan\nCranston (D-CA) and Alfonse D'Amato (R-NY) and\nRepresentatives Tim Wirth (D-CO) and Norman Lent\n(R-NY).\n*Senator Paul Tsongas (D-MA) has filed an appeal for POC ALEXANDER\nPARITSKY, according to the Soviet Jewry Legal Advocacy Center. Tsongas,\nwho holds a power of attorney from Paritsky's brother in Israel, has\nsubmitted the brief to the Soviet Embassy for forwarding to the highest\nSoviet law enforcement official, the Procurator General.\n- 5 -\nThe Public International Law Committee of the Boston Bar Association\nhas joined in the petition of Senator Tsongas in seeking the release\nof Paritsky.\n*A 15-member Congressional delegation led by Representative Tom Lantos\n(D-CA) visited the Soviet Union January 8-11, 1983. They met with\nof Soviet Jewry with officials in both cities.\nseveral refusenik families in Moscow and Leningrad, and raised the issue\nShcharansky's Wife Asks Mitterrand for Help\nBy E. J. DIONNE Jr.\nMr. Shcharansky was sentenced in\nonce every three days. She added that\nSpecial to The New York Times\n1978 to 13 years at hard labor on charges\nno one had seen him or received a letter\nPARIS, Jan. 12 - Avital Shcharan-\nof spying for the United States. He has\nfrom him in a year, and that the au-\nsky, wife of the imprisoned Soviet dissi-\nbeen on a hunger strike for three and a\nthorities had denied Mr. Shcharansky's\ndent Anatoly B. Shcharansky, urged\nhalf months.\nmother the right to see him.\nPresident François Mitterrand of\n\"I'm very afraid, and I am not the\n\"He must be in such a state that they\nFrance today to ask Soviet leaders to\nonly one,\" she said. \"His mother, his\ndon't dare show him to his mother,\" she\nfree her husband.\nbrother, the whole family in the Soviet\nsaid.\n\"I hope President Mitterrand can act\nUnion and all those who are interested\nAt her news conference, Mrs.\nquickly,\" she said during an interview\nin him are afraid that something has al-\nShcharansky said that although she did\non French television. \"If not, I'm afraid\nready happened, or could happen in the\nnot believe, as some have said, that the\nit will be death.\"\nnext few days. It could be too late very\nnew Soviet leader, Yuri V. Andropov,\nsoon.\"\nespouses \"liberalism,\" she hoped that\n'They Don't Dare Show Him'\nMr. Andropov would respond to appeals\nby Mr. Mitterrand and others.\nNew York Times\nMrs. Shcharansky, who also held a\n\"The fate of my husband,\" she said,\n1/13/83\nnews conference here, said she learned\n\"today symbolizes the fate of the Jews\nthat her husband was being force-fed\nfrom the Soviet Union.\"\nAlexander Paritsky's Chanukah\nDuring this year's celebration of Chanukah,\ncacy Center have filed an appeal of his convic-\nthe Jewish feast dedicated to a people's unend-\ntion, arguing that the \"evidence\" - a petition\ning fight for freedom, the fate of Alexander Par-\nwhich he signed complaining about delays in\nitsky has been of especial concern.\nsecuring exit visas and a school essay written\nIt is now just a year since Paritsky, a 45-\nby his daughter Dorina expressing a wish to\nyear-old ocean engineer, was sentenced to three\nlive in Israel - did not prove the charge that\nyears in a Siberian labor camp on charges of\nParitsky had knowingly disseminated false\nanti-Soviet agitation which were initiated after\nstatements about the Soviet state.\nhe and his family had applied for permission to\nElie Wiesel, the historian of the Holocaust,\nemigrate to Israel. Reports reaching his friends\nsees Paritsky - like Chanukah itself - as a\nin the Boston area indicate that his health is\nsymbol of his people's \"struggle of the few\nfailing and that he has been placed in an Isola-\nagainst the many, the weak against the\ntion cell for not fulfilling his assigned work quo-\nmighty, the human spirit against the Inhuman\nta in a lumber mill.\nsystem of oppression.\" That is every people's\nstruggle, and one in which we all can join -\nSome efforts have been initiated by his sup-\nperhaps tonight by lighting the Chanukah can-\nporters to secure his release. Sen. Paul Tsongas\ndles which Alexander Paritsky cannot light\nand the Boston-based Soviet Jewry Legal Advo-\nhimself.\nTHE BOSTON GLOBE FRIDAY, DECEMBER 17, 1982\n6 -\nRise of KGB Officers to Top Soviet Posts\nMay Mean Increased Useof Forced Labor\nTHE WASHINGTON POST. MONDAY, DECEMBER 27, 1982\nBy DAVID SATTER\ntion of KGB career officers to high posi-\nSpecial to THE WALL STREET JOURNAL\ntions in the government will mean, but\nSoviet leader Yuri Andropov. who has\nKGB men are generally believed to be bet-\nR. Emmett Tyrrell\nbegun to consolidate his hold on power\nter informed and quicker to resort to coer-\nwith the help of important officers in the\ncion than their frequently more corrupt\ncountry's KGB security police, may soon\ncounterparts in the Communist Party.\ndecide whether to resort to coercion in an\nIn 1982, industrial production. the heart\nAndropov's Next PR Stunt\nattempt to improve the faltering Soviet of the Soviet annual plan. grew by only\neconomy.\n2.8% against a planned rise of 4.7%. This\nDid it ever occur to you that this\nonly some pretty music can be played.\nAlthough Mr. Andropov hasn't an-\nwas the worst result since the war, and be-\nwhole Cold War pother extending from\nAndropov's promise to reduce his nu-\nnounced any concrete steps intended to Im-\ncause Soviet production figures include\nthe 1940s to the present could have been\nclear force was a lovely lilt, a trio by\nprove the performance of the Soviet econ-\nshoddy goods that were produced but\navoided if Stalin or one of his successors\nSchubert on a cold Bavarian night.\nomy. which is expanding at its slowest rate\nnever purchased, it doesn't accurately re-\nhad been astute enough to hire a sharp\nNow, why not raise Scharansky from\nsince World War II, he has solicited sug-\nflect the level of consumption. which in\nNew York PR agent? The idea is not all\nhis cell; send him to Zurich on the first\ngestions from Soviet citizens.\n1982 probably didn't rise at all.\nthat silly. Surely it has crossed the mind\nplane. Let him grumble about the\nThe answers include not only the tradi-\nAgricultural production in 1982 didn't in-\nof that eminent student of Soviet affairs,\ntreatment he has been getting. The\ntional calls to eliminate corruption and al-\ncrease significantly and this can only\nGeorge F. Kennan. He and many like\nSolzhenitsyn lament has already, it\ncoholism but also\nmean that the food shortages in the Soviet\nhim see much of the friction between the\nseveral unusual sug-\nseems, been played out in the West.\nForeign\nprovinces won't be allayed in 1983.\ngestions for increas-\nUnited States and the U.S.S.R. as the\nScharansky has been on a hunger\ning the already tight\nInsight\nBlame Put on Workers\npainful consequence of two nations' fail-\nstrike and is in dreadful physical\npolicy control over\nWhen Mr. Andropov made his first ma-\nure to communicate. Well, I hereby offer\ncondition. Surely the Soviet govern-\nordinary Soviet citizens.\njor speech to the Communist Party Central\nmy services to Soviet party leader An-\nment can depreciate his complaints as\nIn the Soviet Communist Party newspa-\nCommittee in November, he called for\ndropov on a pro bono basis.\nthe delusions of a sick man or a spoil-\nper Pravda there have been demands that\ngreater economic efficiency and hinted\nHis proposal to reduce the U.S.S.R's\nsport.\nquitting a job be forbidden outright and\nthat there might be greater reliance on\nEuropean arsenal of over 600 medium-\nWestern intellectuals of a distinctly\nthat the vagrancy laws be tightened SO\nDunishments to compel Soviet workers to\nperform conscientiously.\nrange nuclear missiles to the 162 pre-\nanti-Soviet passion are getting a lot of\nthat a person out of work only two weeks\nsently maintained by Britain and\nmileage out of Scharansky's imprison-\ncould be arrested. These suggestions come\n\"Shoddy work. inactivity, and Irrespon-\nat 3 time when the influence of the KGB in\nFrance was a splendid public relations\nment; I counsel releasing him post-\nsibility should have an immediate and un-\nthe Soviet political heirarchy has never\ngesture. I congratulate him; but there\nhaste.\navoidable effect on the earnings, social\nbeen stronger. Mr. Andropov has made\nstatus and prestige of workers.\" he said.\nis something else he can do: he could\nRecently, the Wall Street Journal's\nonly a few important appointments but, for\nOther suggestions of ways to compel So-\nfree a sick and anguished man now\nSuzanne Garment alleged that Soviet\nthe first time in Soviet history. past and\nviet workers to work harder are now ap-\nwasting away in one of his modern\njailers under Andropov's direct control\npresent KGB men are on the verge of tak-\npearing in the Soviet press in articles with\nprisons, Anatoly Scharansky.\nbeen particularly cruet: raising\ning over all of the principal nonmilitary\nheadlines such as \"Be Intolerant Toward\nposts in the Soviet government.\nScharansky, once something of a\nScheransky's expectations for ameliora-\nViolators of Discipline,\" \"Strengthen Dts-\nThe accession of Mr. Andropov himself.\nwhiz kid on the Helsinki Watch Com-\ntion of his penal regimen and then\ncipline,\" and \"no Loafers in the Bri-\nmittee, was arrested five years ago and\nplunging him into the most ghastly form\nwho was head of the KGB for 15 years,\ngade.\"\nThe thrust of these articles has been to\nsentenced to 43 years-in-prison. Since\nof solitary confinement, starving him,\nfrom 1967 to 1982. is\nthe realization of the\nplace the blame for the Soviet Union's eco-\nthen, a growing international chorus\nisolating him bringing him close to death\nlongstanding aspira-\nnomic stagnation on the laziness and ineffi-\ncomposed of practically every element\nwith \"the worst possible treatment.\"\ntion of the security\nciency of Soviet workers, rather than on\nof political expression, from Ronald\nScharansky's wife insists \"they were\npolice to dominate\nany fault in the centralized Soviet eco-\nReagan to Francois Mitterrand, has\nplaying with him.\" Well, by freeing him,\nthe\nCommunist\nAndropov would both rekindle Western\nnomic system, a further indication that the\nsought his release. The catalyst of all\nParty.\nnew Soviet leadership isn't considering\noptimism. and shut off such troublesome\nthis has been Scharansky's wife, a very\nThe most impor-\nfundamental economic changes.\nanimadversions.\nsympathetic lady who 80 far as I can\ntant of the new ap-\nMany of the articles have referred to\nBy virtue of 15 years as head of that\npointments\nan-\ntell is no political threat whatsoever to\nthe tendency of Soviet workers to change\njobs, sometimes as often as two or three\nAndropov and the colleagues. Releas-\nincomparable information-gathering de-\nnounced by Mr. An-\ntimes a year. One suggestion to the news-\ning Scharansky now would be a very\nvice the KGB, Andropov is reputed to\ndropov's Politburo\nunderstand the West well. If be does, he\nso far has been that\npaper Pravda, coming, ostensibly. from\nsavvy act.\nmust also understand the vast dimen-\nof Geidar Allyev who was named a first\n\"coal miners\" In the Ukraine, was that\nWhen it comes to politics, Western-\ndeputy prime minister. Mr. Allyev is a for-\nworkers be forbidden to quit their jobs.\ners are stupendously optimistic given\nsions of his public relations problems.\nMany in the West cannot understand\nmer head of the KGB in the Soviet republic\nMore Forced Laborers?\nthe paucity of good news they have had\nof Azerbaidzhan.\nto go on. There is no nation on earth,\nwhy the Soviets maintain such a huge\nIf. as is expected, Mr. Aliyev, who led a\nThis would appear to suggest that work-\nmilitary force. They remember that after\ndrive against corruption in Azerbaidzhan,\ners be tied to their factories in the same\nat least no socialist nation, that they\nway in which enserfed farmers in the So-\nare not willing to see in a new light if\nWorld War II Washington cheerfully re-\nsucceeds 77-year-old Nikolat Tikhonov as\nduced its forces from 12 million to 1.5\nSoviet prime minister, it would comple-\nviet Union are tied to their collective\nmillion in seven months while the Sovi-\nment KGB control of the party by estab-\nfarms.\nets inexplicably reinforced their armies\nlishing a KGB career officer as the su-\nThe appearance of such letters in a So-\nand gobbled up practically all of Hitler's\npreme administrator of the centralized So-\nviet newspaper is never accidental. The\nviet economy.\nletters often are written by party officials\nEast European acquisitions. Then they\nand signed by workers, who fear the conse-\nkept getting into rows even farther from\nAnother sign that Mr. Andropov plans\nto run the country with the help of KGB ca-\nquences of not signing. In a sense, letters\ntheir borders Their troops were soon in\nreer officers was the appointment of Vitaly\nin the Soviet press are a vehicle for the\ntrouble in Berlin and West Germany;\nFedorchuk, who succeeded Mr. Andropov\nparty to prepare the public for potential\ntheir spies were being picked up in the\nas head of the KGB last year, to be the\npolicy changes.\ncapitals of their erstwhile allies.\nnew minister of internal affairs.\nA letter to Pravda from workers in Si-\nSince those early days, many West-\nThe Ministry of Internal Affairs is re-\nberia, apparently officially inspired, sug-\nerners have been alienated by such\nsponsible for the thousands of prisons and\ngested that the time to find a new job be\nSoviet policies as sending the Red Army\nlabor camps in the Soviet Union and the\nreduced from four months to two weeks.\nthree million to five million ordinary con-\nThe practical effect of such a ruling would\nwith yellow rain into Afghanistan They\nvicts who participate as forced laborers in\nbe to render almost all of the Soviet Un-\nbelieve the Soviet Union is a police state\nion's large number of transient workers\nthat by nature must be armed to the\nthe Soviet economy.\nNot Since Stalin's Time\nvulnerable, at almost any time, to be put\nteeth and in iron control of all that lies\nin a labor camp.\nat its borders. I suggest that Andropov\nThe appointment of Mr. Fedorchuk to\nOther suggestions called for a crack-\ntry again to demonstrate the error of this\nhead the Internal Affairs Ministry repre-\ndown on the black market operators who\ngrim characterization. Hand out a\nsents the first time in 30 years that the sep-\nsell fruit and vegetables in the private\n\"U.S.S.R. Love It or Leave It\" sign, and\naration between the KGB and the Internal\nmarkets, not by improving the goods avail-\nlet this fellow Scharansky leave it. Not\nAffairs Ministry, which was established by\nable in the state stores but rather by put-\nStalin's successors to prevent any group\nonly will the conservative Reagan be\nting the speculators to work, a suggestion\nfrom gaining too great a concentration of\ncharmed but so will millions of other op-\nthat also seemed to hint that an increased\npolice power, has been breached.\ntimistic Westerners.\nuse of forced labor was being consid-\nIt is difficult to predict what the promo-\nered.\nWall Street Journal\n7\nFor Soviet Jews, increasing peril\nBy Vladimir Solovyov\nover radio, television and newspapers in the U.S. Even\nPionerskaya Pravda, a newspaper for children, warns its\nONE HUNDRED years ago, one of Empreror Alexander\nyoung readers that funds from the sale of Levi jeans are used\nIII's closest advisers, High Procurator of the Holy Synod\nin the subversive activities of the Zionists.\nKonstantin Pobedonostsev, predicted that the Jewish question\nConsider, too, three other books published recently: Lydia\nin Russia would soon be solved: one-third of the Jews would\nModzhoryan's \"Zionism as One Kind of Racism and Racial\nleave Russia, one third would die out, and one-third would be\nDiscrimination\" and Vladimir Begun's \"Creeping Counter-\nassimilated. All of these processes have actually taken place,\nrevolution\" and \"Intervention with Weapons.\" The latter,\nbut not in the proportions predicted.\nrecommended as a manual for new recruits, suggests the\nAfter the defeat of Hitler and the death of Stalin, Russian\nrehabilitation of the concept of pogroms as \"an elemental\nJews were no longer destroyed physically. The process of\nreaction of the oppressed laboring masses to their barbarous\nassimilation, which before the October Revolution depended\nexploitation by the Jewish bourgeoisie.\"\nonly on the Jews (it sufficed to convert to Christianity), was in\nAnother of the books declares, \"Today we are not sorry that\nSoviet times blocked by the requirement that, on one's\nour fathers, grandfathers and great-grandfathers treated their\npassport and in questionnaires, one's \"nationality\" be shown.\noppressors without any respect.\"\nFinally, Jewish emigration, which only recently was a mighty\nThe question then arises: How far is it from justifying\nflow by Soviet standards, has been transformed into a little\npogroms to renewing them?\nrivulet that may at any moment dry up completely.\nKnowing their people. the authorities are not too anxious to\nRecently, only a few hundred Jews have been arriving in\nlet the genie out of the bottle. As one highly placed Communist\nVienna each month, 10-to-12-times less than in, say, 1979, when\nParty member on the Leningrad regional committee said,\n51,000 people emigrated from Russia. Everything indicates\n\"Today they are beating up Jews; tomorrow it will be\nthat the Soviet authorities are stopping Jewish emigration.\ncommunists.\"\nA YEAR AGO in Moscow, a rumor was circulating to the\nA certain restraining influence is exercised by the Kremlin\neffect that Galina Brezhnev had advised one of her Jewish\ngerontocrats, one of whom, Brezhnev, is married to a Jewess.\nacquaintances to hurry up and apply for an exit visa: \"When\nIronically, such a mixed marriage today would block even the\npapa goes out of commission, it will be too late.\" Yet it has\nmost modest party career. The gerontocrats, however. won't\nalready become too late while Brezhnev is still alive. an\nlive forever, and chauvinism and anti-Semitism are on the\nindirect indication of the weakening of his power.\nrise among the party elite.\nIn view of Russia's economic failures and the discontent of\nThe cutting off of Jewish emigration from the Soviet Union\nis more alarming than might appear at first glance: for the\nthe population, the need for a scapegoat-historically tested\nquestion remains one of the country's most acute-\nand hence a sure thing-may outweigh all other considera-\ntions.\nCHICAGO TRIBUNE\nalong with chronic poor harvests, demographic problems,\nalcoholism, the fear of China and military rivalry with the\nMEANWHILE, THE authorities are intensifying and diver\nU.S.\nsifying anti-Semitic measures. Now, for instance, they are\nWith emigration cutoff and assimilation impossible, the\npurging the scientific disciplines of Jews. In mathematics,\ncountry's constantly growing anti-Semitism may reach any\n\"problems for geniuses\" are given to Jews taking entrance\nexcesses. It has already reached verbal excesses, and they\nexaminations for state scientific institutes. One such problem\nhave become a norm of Soviet propaganda.\ncould not be solved even by the noted physicist Andrei\nFor example. \"The Weapon of the Doomed.\" a book by Ivan\nSakharov. Also, arrests of Jews wanting to leave the country.\nArtamonov recently published in Minsk, contains \"discover-\nhave been stepped up.\nies\" that would have been impossible in the Soviet press a few\nFor one noted Russian Jew, Anatoly Shcharansky, serving a\nyears ago. Does the reader know, as Artamonov \"discloses,\"\n13-year term for the stereotyped Jewish \"crime\" of treason,\nthat the Zionists welcomed Hitler's advent to power and used\nhis conditions of confinement were recently worsened, so that\nthe services of the German military. including the SS and the\nhis health has suffered.\ndreaded Gestapo? That Adm. Wilhelm Canaris, chief of the\nAlong with many of their lesser-known brethren, other\nWehrmacht's counterintelligence service, sent Jewish spies\nleading Soviet Jews have been sentenced to various prison\ninto the countries of the anti-Hitler coalition? That the Zionists\nterms on the basis of plainly fabricated charges: mathema-\nsent their agents to death camps, helping to send old men,\ntician Alexander Lavut; engineer Kim Friedman; electronics\nwomen and children to Maidanek and Auschwitz? That Adolf\nengineer Vladimir Slepak; physicist Vladimir Kislik; cumput-\nEichmann knew Hebrew and Yiddish and was close to the\ner specialist Victor Brailovsky; historian Arseny Roginsky;\nZionists? That the tragedy of Babi Yar near Kiev, where\nand poet Igor Guberman.\n70,000 Ukranian Jews were destroyed, was an embodiment not\nInterestingly, immediately after the inauguration of Ronald\nonly of the cannibalism of the Hitlerites but of the indelible\nReagan, Soviet authorities sharply increased the emigration\ndisgrace of their accomplices and followers among the\nquota. Unlike his three predecessors, however, Reagan re-\nZionists? That one of them, Menachem Begin. considers Hitler\nmained indifferent to that proferred olive branch decorated\nand Mussolini his idols and is similar to them?\nwith 2,000 Jewish emigrants. Soviet Jews had ceased to be a\nIf this book were the only example, one could write it off as\nmedium of exchange in Soviet-American relations.\na clinial case-but it is only one among many.\nIn the Kremlin, Soviet leaders are apparently rethinking\ntheir belief in the omnipotence of the Jewish lobby in the U.S.,'\nTHE NEWSPAPER Komsomolskaya Pravda pedantically\ncounts how many Jews, half-Jews and converts are in the\nnow regarding it as exaggerated.\nAmerican government. Another recently published book,\nUnder the conditions of a stepped-up cold war, Soviet Jewry\n\"Alien Voices on the Air,\" recounts how the Jews have taken\nis increasingly imperiled. With the cutting off of massive\nemigration and the relentless growth of traditional Russian\nanti-Semitism, Soviet Jews find themselves in a trap from\nVladimir Solovyou is a Russian-born historian and journal-\nwhich there is no way out internally. Only international\nist. He recently completed a book, \"Russian Paradozes,\" in\nintervention will work.\ncollaboration with his wife, Elena Klepikova.\n© 1982 Network News. trp.'\nTHE WASHINGTON POST, THURSDAY, JANUARY 6, 1983\nGeorge F. Will\nA Question for Andropov:\nWhere Is Raoul Wallenberg?\nThe gauze of lies that the Soviet regime wraps\nFor example, in 1961 a Soviet professor of medi-\naround reality has never been thick enough to\ncine told a visiting Swedish physician that he had\nmuffle this question: Where is Raoul Wallenberg?\nrecently examined Wallenberg in a \"mental hospi-\nNow it is asked again, in the wake of the most\ntal.\" In 1977 a Muscovite just released from the\nrecent in a long series of tormenting reports. A\ngulag called his daughter in Israel and mentioned\nRussian immigrant in Israel says that when he was\nmeeting in a Moscow prison a Swede \"who had\nhospitalized in 1972 on the way to prison, he met a\nserved 30 years.\" Two years later the Muscovite\nman who \"looked Jewish, so I asked who he was.\nwas back in prison because, his wife said, he wrote\nHe answered in accented Russian that he was\na letter about Wallenberg. Sources in Eastern Eu-\nSwedish and was there because he helped the\nrope report that in 1981 Wallenberg was moved to\nJews. He said his name was Reoul Wallenberg.\"\na prison hospital near Leningrad.\nThat occurred a quarter of a century after 1947,\nWhy was he arrested in the first place? The Soviet\nthe year the Kremlin says Wallenberg died.\nmachinery of brutality operates so automatically it\nLast May, when tardily releasing documents\nleaves little room for, and certainly does not require,\nabout the Wallenberg case, a Swedish official said,\nmuch mind. But Soviet repressors certainly did not\n\"We are working on the supposition that he is still\nwant brave witnesses to the breaking of Eastern Eu-\nalive.\" (Sweden's lethargy concerning the case-\nrope. Why was he kept? Perhaps, in part, to show\nlethargy born of cowardice-hardly constitutes\ncontempt for Western disapproval Why did Soviet\n\"working.\") If alive, he is 70. It is 38 years since he\ntroops using horses and ropes drag away the statue\ndisappeared from Hungary into the Soviet Union.\nerected to him in Budapest in 1948? Because the\nOn Jan. 17, 1945, he was seized by Soviet forces\nKremlin disapproved of what he did.\nthat were \"liberating\" Hungary from their former\nIt is prudent that we insistently ask what hap-\nallies, the Nazia. Three weeks later he was in the\npened when Wallenberg ended his dance of death\nemblematic institution of the Soviet regime, Mos-\nwith the Third Reich and fell into the hands of its\ncow's Lubyanka prison.\nmoral twin. When the Soviet Union gets away with\nAt 32, representing neutral Sweden, Wallenberg\n1957 memorandum asserting that Wallenberg's \"so-\nsuch acts-acts that are as contemptuous as they\nwas in Budapest at America's request, working with\njourn in the Soviet Union\"-Gromyko's words-\nare contemptible -it gets the idea that it can un-\nbreathtaking bravery and saving scores of thou-\nended with a heart attack in prison in 1947. This\nleash \"yellow rain\" and can shoot the pope with\nsands of Jews from Adolf Eichmann's final chapter\nmemorandum came after 12 years of Kremlin deni-\nlittle to fear from the West's fitful disapproval.\nof the \"final solution,\" the destruction of Hungarian\nals that Wallenberg had ever been in Soviet hands.\nBesides, if this case is not America's business,\nJews. He bought buildings and draped them with\nGromyko cited the evidence of two Soviet function-\nwhat is? On Oct. 5, 1981, Wallenberg became only\nSwedish flags as diplomatically protected territory.\naries, both conveniently dead, and said the body\nthe second person (Winston Churchill was the\nHe dreased \"Aryan-looking\" Jewish men in SS uni-\nhad been cremated-a transparent fabrication,\nfirst) to be made an honorary American citizen.\nforms to protect Jewish havens. He distributed fake\ngiven Soviet practices.\nSigning the bill conferring this honor, President\npassports, and used sheer audacity to intimidate\nThere has been a steady trickle of reports about\nReagan said \"we're going to do everything in our\nNazi soldiers into opening the doors of cattle cars.\nWallenberg, first from returning German prisoners\npower\" to locate Wallenberg. But we have not\nThanks to him, the 120,000 Jews in Budapest were\nof war, then from released political prisoners and\ndone that. So before Reagan agrees to meet with\nthe most substantial Jewish-community surviving-\nJewish The reports give dates-and\nYuri Andropov, he should receive an answer, be\nin Europe when the war ended.\nplaces--prisons, cell numbers-that trace a tanta-\nyond the routine mendacities, to this question:\nOne certainty is that Andrei Gromyko lied in the\nlizing trail across the years and through the gulags.\nWhere is Raoul Wallenberg?\nUnion of Councils for Soviet Jews\n1411 K St., NW, Suite 402, Washington, D.C. 20005\nWALL\nU.S.POSTAGE\nJAN19'83\nD.C\nInside Today's Alert\nShcharansky Turns 35\nPg 1\nUrgent Appeal for Begun.\nPg 2\n1982: Emigration Plummets\nPg 2\nProf. Richard Pipes\nNews Briefs\nPg 3\nNational Security Council\nWashington, DC 20506\nAround the Country\nPg 4\nThe Alert is published by the Union of Councils for Soviet Jews, an\norganization dedicated to helping the Jews of the Soviet Union, especially\nthose desiring to leave.\nEditorial Staff: Judith Slovin and Paul W. Meek.\nPresident: Lynn Singer, Vice Presidents: Pam Cohen, Ruth Newman. Joel\nSandberg, Morey Schapira.\nG146HN\nA K CZXU VCYNIIAN\nSHCHARANSKY\nBC-MGR-SHI 01-22\nSUBSCRIBERS ONLY\nHDVANCE FOR SATURDAY, JAN. 22\nBY JHCK HNDERSON\nan not\nUNITED FEATURE\nWHSHINGTON -- PRESIDENT KERGAN HAS SAID HE IS WRITING FOR A POSITIVE\nSIGN FROM YURI HNDROPOV BEFORE HE HILL CONSIDER THE SOVIET LEADER'S\nEXPRESSED HOPES FOR FRIENDLIER RELATIONS MORE THAN JUST EMPTY\nRHETORIC.\nSOVIET WITHDRAWAL FROM HFGHANISTAN OR A RELAXATION OF THE\nREPRESSION IN POLAND IS PROBABLY. TOO MUCH TO EXPECT. BUT THERE 15 A\nSIMPLE ACT OF DECENCY HNDROPOV COULD MAKE THAT WOULD DEMONSTRATE HIS\nGOOD INTENTIONS - AND HOULD COST HIM NOTHING.\nHE COULD LET HNATOLY SHCHARANSKY GO.\nSHCHARANSKY 15 THE 35 YEAR OLD 'REFUSENIK** WHO ANGERED THE\nKREMLIN BY CHAMPIONING THE CAUSE OF SOVIET JENS WHO WANT TO EMIGRATE\nTO ISRAEL. IN 1977 HE HRS SENTENCED TO 13 YEARS IN PRISON FOR\nTREASON.\nEVEN IN THE DEPTHS OF THE GULAG, SHCHARANSKY HRS REFUSED TO\nSURRENDER. ME IS ENGAGED IN A HUNGER STRIKE AS A DESPERATE DRAMATIC\nPROTEST. His JAILERS HAVE BEEN FORCE-FEEDING HIM, BUT HIS HEALTH 15\nREPORTEDLY PRECARIOUS.\nTHE MEN IN THE KREMLIN HOULD DEARLY LOVE TO HAVE THE WORLD FORGET\nSHCHARANSKY. BUT THIS HILL NOT HAPPEN. JUST THIS HEEK, WASHINGTON\nJEHS STAGED A SYMBOLIC ONE-DAY HUNGER STRIKE AND MOUNTED A VIGIL NEAR\nTHE SOVIET EMBRESY TO MARK HIS 30TH BIRTHDAY.\nTHE SINGLE GREATEST OBSTACLE TO THE WORLD'S FORGETFULNESS IS HIS\nHIFE, HVITAL. SINCE SHE WAS FORCED TO LEAVE KUSSIA THE DAY AFTER\nTHEIR MARRIAGE IN 1974, SHE HRS TRAVELED THE WORLD APPEALING FOR HELF\nIN WINNING HER HUSBAND'S RELEASE,\nLAST MONTHs SHE MET WITH SENIOR WHITE HOUSE ADVISERS; WHO PROMISED\nHER THE PRESIDENT'S SUPPORT. BEFORE SHE NENT TO THE WHITE HOUSE, SHE\nSPOKE AT LENGTH WITH MY ASSOCIATE: INDY BADHHAR.\nSIMPLY DRESSED, R KUSSIAN PEASANT SHAHL HRAPPED AROUND HER HEAD:\nMRS. SHCHARANSKY SPOKE SOFTLY BUT WITH DEEP EMOTION.\nHSKED HOW IT FELT TO BE THE WIFE OF 6 SYMBOL, SHE REPLIED: ''FOR ME\nPRESERVATION COPY\nHE IS NOT A SYMBOL. HE 15 MY HUSBAND. WE ARE TERRIBLY SUFFERING.\nEVERYTHING THAT HE WANTED (HRS) JUST TO BE TOGETHER LIKE A WHOLE:\nNORMAL FAMILY, TO BE IN SERREL: IN A PLACE WHERE WE BOTH HANT TO GO,\nWE ARE SEPARATED. HE 15 PERSECUTED. HE 15 TORTURED.'\nHER LAST DIRECT HORD FROM HER HUSBAND HAS IN A LETTER SMUGGLED OUT\nOF HIS PRISON CELL THREE YEARS AGO, CAN HEAR HIS VOICE AND HIS\nVOICE\n15\nSTRONG\nSHE SAID.\nHROUGH THIS LETTER\n-\nFEEL\nHE\nIS\nNOT\nBROKEN BY SPIRIT. BUT I'M VERY WORRIED ABOUT HIS CONDITION NOW.\nUNTIL RECENTLY: SHE HAS ABLE TO MAINTAIN SOME CONTACT HITH HER\nHUSBAND THROUGH HIS MOTHER: IDR MIGROM HHG HAS ALLOHED TO VISIT HIM\n40A\nONCE EVERY SIX MONTHS. HE HAS ALSO ALLOHED TO HRITE TO HIS MOTHER\nONCE A MONTH. BUT BOTH THESE PRIVILEGES HAVE BEEN SUSPENDED SINCE HE\nBEGAN HIS HUNGER STRIKE LAST YOM KIPPUR,\nHE ASSOLUTELY CAN'T BE AFRAID MRS. SHCHARANSKY SAID. ARE IS\nVERY FREE *** THEY CAN DO WHAT THEY WANT WITH HIM: BUT THEY CAN'T\nBREAK H15 SPIRIT.\nSOURCES IN THE WHITE HOUSE SAY SHCHARANSKY'S RELEASE HOULD BE TAKEN\nRS A SIGNAL THAT HNDROPOV IS SERIOUS IN HIS EXPRESSED HOPES FOR A\nRELAXATION OF TENSION BETWEEN LAST AND HEST.\nIT HOULD BE A BOLD GESTURE FOR HNDROPOV - PERHAPS TOO BOLD FOR HIM\nTO MAKE UNTIL HE HAS CONSOLIDATED HIS POWER IN THE KREMLIN,\nHND 17 HOULD BE ONLY R FIRST STEP. [HERE ARE STILL ABOUT 10,000\nSOVIET JEHS HHO HAVE APPLIED FOR EXIT VISAS AND HAVE BEEN REFUSED.\nSINCE UCTOBER 1979, WHEN EMIGRATION REACHED ITS PERK OF 4,746, THE\nNUMBER OF JEWS ALLOWED TO LERVE THE SOVIET UNION HAS FALLEN\nDRASTICALLY. IN 1980, ONLY 1,424 HERE PERMITTED TO EMIGRATE: IN 1981\nTHE TOTAL HRS 3687 LAST YEAR: ONLY 168.\n[HERE 15 NO TELLING WHAT HOULD HAPPEN IF HNDROPOV CHOOSES TO LET\nSHCHARANSKY GO. HE UNDOUBTEDLY REALIZES THAT HE CAN'T LET SHCHARANSKY\nALONE EMIGRATE. HN EMBARRASSMENT TO THE KREHLIN EVEN IN PRISON,\nSHCHARANSKY HOULD BE EVEN MORE TROUBLESOME OUTSIDE KUSSIA IF THE\nOTHER REFUSENIK'S HEREN'T ALLOWED TO LEAVE ALSO,\nHND THAT MIGHT HELL OPEN THE FLOODGATES. UFFICIAL ESTIMATES PUT THE\nNUMBER OF SOVIET JEWS AT 1.8 MILLION MY SOURCES SAY THE TRUE FIGURE\n15 PROBABLY CLOSE TO 2.5 MILLION. GIVEN THE KREMLIN'S LONG HISTORY OF\nVEHISH PERSECUTIONS MANY - PERHAPS MOST - OF THESE SOVIET JEWS HOULD\nLEAP AT THE CHANCE TO EMIGRATE.\nHEHDLINES HND FOUTNOTES:\n-PENTAGON SOURCES SAY THERE ARE SERIOUS DIFFICULTIES IN THE HEGIS\nAIR-DEFENSE ESCORT SHIP. FOR ONE THING: ITS BILLION-DOLLAR COST MERNS\nONLY A FEW CAN BE BUILT, BUT HORSE THAN THAT: THE RADAR ON THE HEGIS\nBEFENSE SYSTEM IS A STRONG BEACON FOR INEXPENSIVE ENEMY MISSILES TO\nHOME IN ON, INCOMING MISSILES COULD COME IN AT 10 FEET ABOVE THE\nWATER AND PROBABLY EVADE DETECTION. EVEN IF THE HEGIS CREW COULD\nSHOOT DOWN THE FIRST THREE OR FOUR: **HOW ABOUT THE TENTH RE A\nPENTAGON SOURCE ASKED.\nTHREE NORTHERN MICHIGAN HOSPITALS HAVE REFUSED TO COOPERATE WITH\nTHEIR LOCAL PROFESSIONAL STANDARDS KEVIEH URGANIZATION, WHICH WAS\nCREATED TO MAKE SURE THAT HEALTH CARE DELIVERED TO MEDICARE AND\nMEDICAID PATIENTS IS NECESSARY, APPROPRIATE AND OF ACCEPTABLE\nQUALITY. MDMINISTRATORS AT MUNSON MEDICAL CENTER: NORTHERN MICHIGAN\nPRESERVATION COPY\nHOSPITAL AND IRAVERSE CITY USTEOPATHIC HOSPITAL SIMPLY DECIDED THAT\nTHEY COULD MONITOR THEMSELVES. So THEY STOPPED SUBMITTING THE\nNECESSARY FORMS. THIS HEANT A COSTLY DUPLICATION OF EFFORT. BUT AS\nJOHN BAYS PRESIDENT OF MUNSON MEDICAL CENTER: SAID AT A MEETING WITH\nTHE LOCAL REVIEW ORGANIZATION: \"LET THE FEDS PAY THE DUPLICATE\nCOST.**\nGNS 01-19-83 07:48 RES\nCONFIDENTIAL\nDissiDENTS\nNATIONAL SECURITY COUNCIL\nMESSAGE CENTER\nPAGE 01\nMOSCOW 0781\nDTG:201647Z JAN 83 PSN: 008469\nE0B767\nAN007072\nTOR: 020/1717Z\nCSN:HCE132\nMOVE ON THEIR CASES. MEDVEDEV'S PAST ABILITY TO CON-\nTINUE WRITING AND PUBLISHING ON LEADERSHIP ISSUES HAS\nDISTRIBUTION: FORT-01 STER-01 MYER-01 DDBR-01 GUHN-01 RAY-01\nLONG BEEN A PUZZLE. THE THRUST OF HIS MESSAGE HAS\nKRAM-01 LORD-01 ROBN-01 /009 A3\nCONSISTENTLY HAD A PRO-ANDROPOV SLANT, HOWEVER, AND\nWE HAVE ASSUMED THAT ANDROPOV OR PEOPLE ASSOCIATED WITH\nDISTRIBUTION: STER-00 ISEC-01 MYER-00 DOBR-00 RAY-00 ROBN-00\nHIM HAVE FOR THIS REASON BEEN PROTECTING THE HISTORIAN.\n/001 A1\nTHE MOVE AGAINST HIM MAY HAVE RESULTED FROM MEDVEDEV'S NOT\nHAVING UNDERSTOOD, OR FROM HIS INTENTIONAL FAILURE TO\nHEED, WARNINGS IMMEDIATELY AFTER BREZHNEV'S DEATH THAT\nWHTS ASSIGNED DISTRIBUTION:\nHE SHOULD LIE LOW. HIS RECENT SPATE OF ARTICLES IN THE\nSIT:\nSWEDISH, ITALIAN AND U.S. PRESS MAY HAVE MADE IT DIFFICULT\nE OB:\nFOR ANDROPOV TO ACCORD MEDVEDEV THE SAME LEVEL OF PROTECT-\nION. END SUMMARY.\n3. DURING A JANUARY 19 INFORMAL DINNER AT AN EMBOFF'S\nPRIORITY\nAPARTMENT TO SHOW USG SUPPORT FOR GEORGIT AND NATASHA\nSTU4320\nVLADIMOV, HISTORIAN ROY MEDVEDEV (TO WHOM AN INVITATION\nDE RUEHMO #0781/01 0201657\nHAD BEEN EXTENDED LAST WEEK AT THE VLADIMOVS' SUGGESTION)\nP 201647Z JAN 83\nOFFERED TO THE DCM AND EMBOFFS AN ACCOUNT OF HIS JANUARY\nFM AMEMBASSY MOSCOW\n18 MEETING WITH DEPUTY PROCURATOR GENERAL SOROKA,\nPROCURATOR GENERAL REKUNKOV'S AIDE P.M. GORBUNOV, AND\nTO SECSTATE WASHDC PRIORITY 2527\nKGB OFFICIAL GUSHIN. MEDVEDEV PREFACED HIS REMARKS BY\nNOTING SOMEWHAT CRYPTICALLY THAT SOME THREE YEARS AGO,\nINFO AMCONSUL LEN;NGRAD 0315\nAND THEN AGAIN SINCE BREZHNEV'S DEATH HE HAD RECEIVED\nUSMISSION USNATO 3115\nOTHER WARNINGS FROM LOWER LEVEL PROCURACY OFFICIALS ON\nAMEMBASSY MADRID 2059\nHIS ACTIVITIES NATASHA VLADIMOVA INTERJECTED TO NOTE\nAMEMBASSY ROME 8283\nTHAT MEDVEDEV HAD PREVIOUSLY TOLD HER THAT HE HAD BEEN\nAMEMBASSY STOCKHOLM 1881\nWARNED NOVEMBER 13 TO CURTAIL HIS WRITINGS AND PUBLICA-\nAMEMBASSY BELGRADE 8429\nTIONS. MEDVEDEV SEEMED TO ACKNOWLEDGE HER ACCOUNT, BUT\nAMEMBASSY BERLIN 4514\nAVOIDED ELABORATING.) THE HISTORIAN CLAIMED TO HAVE\nAMEMBASSY BUCHAREST 8824\nIGNORED SUMMONSES TO APPEAR BEFORE REGIONAL PROCURACIES\nAMEMBASSY BUDAPEST 7920\nBUT FELT HE COULD NOT AVOID COMPLYING WITH THE SUMMONS\nAMCONSUL MUNICH 6749\nTO THE GENERAL PROCURACY. HE ASSERTED THAT APPROXIMATELY\nAMEMBASSY PRAGUE 8582\nONE WEEK IN ADVANCE OF JANUARY 18 AN UNKNOWN WOMAN HAD\nAMEMBASSY SOFIA 7897\nCOME TO HIS APARTMENT WITH A COPY OF THE PROCURACY AGENDA,\nAMEMBASSY WARSAW 0041\nWHICH INCLUDED A REFERENCE TO A SOROKA-MEDVEDEV MEETING\nON JANUARY 18 AND APPARENTLY SOME DETAILS OF THE COMPLAINTS\nCONF IDENTIAL SECTION 01 OF 04 MOSCOW 00781\nTO BE LEVELLED AGAINST THE HISTORIAN. HE THUS HAD AN\nLIMDIS\nOPPORTUNITY TO GIVE THOUGHT TO AND ACTUALLY TYPE UP IN\nMADRID FOR USDEL CSCE\nADVANCE A REPLY TO SOROKA'S WRITTEN COMPLAINT.\nE.O. 12356: DECL: OADR\nPRESS INVOLVEMENT\nTAGS: PGOV, PINR, SHUM, UR\nSUBJECT: THE MEDVEDEV AFFAIR\n4. ACCORDING 10 MEDVEDEV, HE PUT IN A CALL TO HIS\n1.\nENTIRE TEXT)\nBT\n2. SUMMARY: MAVERICK HISTORIAN ROY MEDVEDEV HAS GIVEN\nUS AN ACCOUNT OF HIS JANUARY 18 MEETING WITH SOVIET\nPROCURACY AND KGB OFFICIALS IN WHICH THEY WARNED HIM\nNOT TO PURSUE HIS ACTIVITIES. THE HISTORIAN SAYS THAT\nSINCE BREZHNEV'S DEATH HE HAS RECEIVED OTHER REMONSTRA-\nTIONS BY LOWER-LEVEL OFFICIALS, AND THAT HE HAD EARLY\nHINTS OF THE SUBSTANCE OF THE COMPLAINTS TO BE MADE\nAGAINST HIM BY THE PROCURACY. THIS ENABLED HIM TO\nPREPARE HIS RESPONSE TO PRDCURATOR GENERAL REKUNKOV IN\nADVANCE, AND HE SURPRISED HIS INTERLOCUTORS WHEN HE\nHANDED THEM HIS WRITTEN ANSWER TO THE ACCUSATIONS AT\nTHE MEETING. HE HAS SINCE MADE HIS RESPONSE AVAILABLE\nTO THE WESTERN PRESS (WE PRESUME THE SUBSTANCE OF THE\nSTATEMENT IS AVAILABLE IN THE WESTERN MEDIA.) MEDVEDEV\nSPECULATES THAT LEADERSHIP TURBULENCE (SEPTEL) IS BEHIND\nHIS OWN PROBLEMS, THE VLADIMOV AND OTHER DISSIDENT CASES,\nTHE CULTURAL CRACKDOWN, AND ALLEGED REGIME INDECISION\nON PURSUING THE COURT CASE AGAINST THE EUROCOMMUNISTS.\nDECLASSIFIED\nTHE HISTORIAN SEEMS TO FEEL THAT FURTHER STEPS AGAINST\nHIM WILL NOT BE TAKEN AT THIS TIME, ALTHOUGH HE ASSERTS\nNLS F06-114/6#9393\nTHAT THE FACT THAT HE AND OTHER DISSIDENTS ARE \"PAWNS\"\nIN AN ONGOING STRUGGLE FOR POWER MAKES IT IMPOSSIBLE\nBY\nLOT\nTO PREDICT HOW OR IN WHAT DIRECTION THE REGIME WILL\nNARA,\nDATE\n12/13/07\nCONF DENTIAL\nCONF IDENTIAL\nNATIONAL SECURITY COUNCIL\nMESSAGE CENTER\nPAGE 01\nMOSCOW 0781\nDTG: 201647Z JAN 83 PSN: 008490\nEOB776\nAN007073\nTOR: 020/1735Z\nCSN: HCE143\nREPORTEDLY ASSERTED THAT \"WE HAVE BEEN PATIENT WITH YOU,\"\nTO WHICH MEDVEDEV REPLIED THAT THE TWENTY YEAR PERIOD\nDISTRIBUTION: FORT-01 STER-01 MYER-01 DOBR-01 GUHN-01 RAY-01\nDEMONSTRATED AN UNUSUAL DEGREE OF PATIENCE BY ANY\nKRAM-01 LORD-01 ROBN-01 /009 A3\nSTANDARDS.\nDISTRIBUTION: ISEC-01 /001 A2\n6. SOROKA PASSED TO MEDVEDEV A DOCUMENT, WRITTEN IN MUCH\n\"CRUDER\" LANGUAGE THAN SOROKA HAD USED, INTER ALIA\nWHTS ASSIGNED DISTRIBUTION:\nACCUSING MEDVEDEV OF HAVING \"FABRICATED\" A SERIES OF\nSIT:\nSLANDEROUS \"LIBELS.\" MEDVEDEV REFUSED TO SIGN AND TOOK\nEOB:\nHIS INTERLOCUTORS BY SURPRISE WHEN HE PRODUCED FROM HIS\nBRIEFCASE A TYPEWRITTEN REPLY TO THE CHARGES IN SOROKA'S\nDOCUMENT. \"SO YOU FORESAW THIS MEETING?\", REPORTEDLY\nASKED SOROKA. \"I AM ALWAYS PREPARED FOR SUCH MEETINGS,\"\nPRIORITY\nREPLIED THE HISTORIAN. SOROKA READ MEDVEDEV'S STATEMENT\nSTU4324\nAND PROMISED TO BRING IT TO REKUNKOV'S ATTENTION. ROY\nDE RUEHMO #0781/02 0201658\nTEMPORARILY RETRIEVED THE DOCUMENT TO AMEND IT TO SHOW\nP 201647Z JAN 83\nTHE NAMES OF THE AUTHORITIES PRESENT. THE DEPUTY PRO-\nFM AMEMBASSY MOSCOW\nCURATOR CLOSEO BY SAYING THAT HE HOPED THE MEETING HAD\nNOT BEEN IN VAIN, TO WHICH MEDVEDEV RETORTED THAT THERE\nTO SECSTATE WASHDC PRIORITY 2528\nHAD BEEN NO MEETING BUT SIMPLY A BARRAGE OF THREATS\nAGAINST HIM. ACCORDING TO MEDVEDEV, SOROKA MADE NO\nINFO AMCONSUL LENINGRAD 0316\nREFERENCE TO THE CRIMINAL CODE OR TO POSSIBLE LEGAL ACTION\nUSMISSION USNATO 3116\nAGAINST HIM. NOR WAS ANY REFERENCE MADE TO CONTACTS\nAMEMBASSY MADRID 2060\nWITH THE VLADIMOVS, FOREIGN JOURNALISTS OR 01PLOMATS.\nAMEMBASSY ROME 8284\nSOROKA'S ONLY CONCERN WAS MEDVEDEV'S UNACCEPTABLE\nAMEMBASSY STOCKHOLM 1882\nWRITINGS.\nACCEETABLE\nAMEMBASSY BELGRADE 8430\nAMEMBASSY BERLIN 4515\nHUMAN RIGHTS AND LEADERSHIP POLITICS\nAMEMBASSY BUCHAREST 8825\nAMEMBASSY BUOAPEST 7921\nAMCONSUL MUNICH 6750\n1. MEDVEDEV SPECULATED AT LENGTH ON HOW HIS AND OTHER\nAMEMBASSY PRAGUE 8583\nCASES, SUCH AS THE VLADIMOVS', APPEAR TO REFLECT RECENT\nAMEMBASSY SOFIA 7898\nPERTURBATIONS IN THE LEADERSHIP (SEPTEL). ON THE HUMAN\nAMEMBASSY WARSAW 0042\nRIGHTS FRONT, MEDVEDEV NOTED THAT THERE ARE CURRENTLY\nPENDING FOUR TYPES OF CASES: 1) THE EUROCOMMUNISTS, WHO\nCONF IDENTIAL SECTION 02 OF 04 MOSCOW 00781\nHE CLAIMED WERE TO HAVE BEEN TRIED LAST WEEK, POSTPONED\nUNTIL THIS WEEK, AND AGAIN POSTPONED UNTIL SCME TIME IN\nLIMOIS\nTHE FUTURE. THE CONTINUED POSTPONEMENT OF A HIGHLY\nMADRID FOR USDEL CSCE\nCONTROVERSIAL CASE ORIGINATING WELL BEFORE BREZHNEV'S\nE.O. 12356: DECL: OADR\nDEATH, SPECULATED MEDVEDEV, IS EVIDENCE OF HIGH-LEVEL\nTAGS: PGOV, PINR, SHUM, UR\nDISAGREEMENTS AND POSCYBLY ATTEMPTS BY ONE OR ANOTHER\nSUBJECT: THE MEDVEDEV AFFAIR\nPOLITBURO MEMBER TO \"USE\" THIS AND OTHER CASES TO\nBROTHER ZHORES IN LONOON (FINALLY GETTING A LINE TO\nADVANCE THEIR OWN INTERESTS; 2) AN APPARENTLY NEW CASE\nLONDON AT 3 AM JANUARY 19) TO REPORT THAT HE HAD BEEN\nAGAINST UNNAMED REFUSENIKS; 3) THE BORODIN-KRAKHMAL'NIKOVA\nSUMMONED BY SOROKA. ZHORES THEN APPARENTLY TOLD LONDON\nBT\nCORRESPONDENTS AND WORD SPREAD QUICKLY IN THE WEST.\nWASHINGTON POST CORRESPONDENT DODER CALLED MEDVEDEV ON\nTHE STORY THE MORNING OF JANUARY 19 AND A BEVY OF REPORT-\nERS CALLED ON HIM UNANNOUNCED THAT AFTERNOON, WHEREUPON\nHE RELEASED TO THEM THE TEXT OF HIS STATEMENT. BEFORE\nZHORES WENT TO THE JOURNALISTS, HE APPARENTLY HAD NOT\nMADE UP HIS MIND ON HOW TO INFORM THE MOSCOW-BASED\nPRESS CORPS OF HIS CASE.\nTHE MEETING WITH SOROKA\n5. MEDVEDEV SAID THAT SOROKA HAD DONE MOST OF THE TALKING\nFOR THE SOVIET SIDE. HE WAS POLITE THROUGHOUT THE MEET-\nING. MEDVEDEV COULD TELL THAT KGB OFFICIAL GUSHIN WAS\nBITING HIS TONGUE TO KEEP FROM INTERJECTING WITH WHAT\nWOULD HAVE NO DOUBT BEEN LESS THAN POLITE LANGUAGE.\nACCORDING TO THE HISTORIAN, WHEN SOROKA ACCUSED HIM OF\nANTI-SOVIET ACTIVITIES, ROY ASKED FOR SPECIFICS. SOROKA\nREPLIED TO THIS AND OTHER MEDVEDEV RIPOSTES BY SAYING HE\nDID NOT WANT TO ENTER INTO A DISCUSSION, BUT TO SIMPLY\nMAKE CLEAR THAT MEDVEDEV'S ACTIVITIES SHOULD CEASE. THE\nHISTORIAN NOTED THAT HE HAD BEEN WRITING ABOUT SOVIET\nHISTORY FOR OVER TWENTY YEARS AND WONDERED WHY ONLY NOW\nTHE GENERAL PROCURACY HAD TAKEN THIS POSITION. SOROKA\nCONF IDENTIAL\nCONF NDENTIAL\nNATIONAL SECURITY COUNCIL\nMESSAGE CENTER\nPAGE 01\nMOSCOW 0781\nDTG:201647Z JAN 83 PSN: 008474\nE0B771\nAN007074\nTOR: 020/1720Z\nCSN:HCE135\n9. THE HISTORIAN'S SPECULATION IS CONSISTENT WITH THE\nDISTRIBUTION: FORT-01 STER-01 MYER-01 DOBR-01 GUHN-01 RAY-01\nRELATIVELY POSITIVE PICTURE HE HAS SOUGHT TO PROJECT\nKRAM-01 LORD-01 ROBN-01 /009 A3\nOF ANDROPOV FOR SEVERAL YEARS -- IN THIS CASE, MEDVEDEV\nAPPARENTLY WISHES TO BELIEVE THAT THE CRACKDOWN IS NOT\nDISTRIBUTION: ISEC-01 /001 A2\nNECESSARILY THE GENERAL SECRETARY'S DOING. THERE IS A\nSURFACE PLAUSIBILITY TO THIS ARGUMENT. ANY ATTEMPT BY\nTHE NEW LEADER TO DISCOURAGE A HUMAN RIGHTS OR CULTURAL\nWHTS ASSIGNED DISTRIBUTION:\nCRACKDOWN COULD BE USED BY HIS COLLEAGUES TO WEAKEN\nSIT:\nHIM AND WOULD RUN COUNTER TO HIS DISCIPLINE THEMES.\nEOB:\nAT THE SAME TIME, ANDROPOV IS HARDLY SHEDDING ANY TEARS\nFOR VLADIMOV, THE EUROCOMMUNISTS, OR OTHERS. AS A\nCLEARLY SIGNAL-CONSCIOUS LEADER THE GENERAL SECRETARY\nIS AWARE THAT PERSECUTION OF THESE GROUPS SENDS A\nPRIORITY\nSIGNAL TO INTERNATIONAL AND DOMESTIC AUDIENCES ABOUT\nUTS7697\nHIS POLICIES, AND THAT HE WILL BE HELD ACCOUNTABLE\nDE RUEHMO #0781/03 0201659\nFOR THEM.\nP 201647Z JAN 83\nFM AMEMBASSY MOSCOW\n10. MEDVEDEV'S OWN ROLE IS PARTICULARLY MURKY. WE\nTO SECSTATE WASHDC PRIORITY 2529\nCONTINUE TO BELIEVE THAT HIS INTERPRETATIONS HAVE BEEN\nBASED ON INFORMATION PASSED TO HIM BY SOURCES CLOSE TO\nINFO AMCONSUL LENINGRAD 0317\nANDROPOV, ALTHOUGH THERE MAY NOT HAVE BEEN EXPLICIT\nUSMISSION USNATO 3117\nACKNOWLEDGEMENT OF THIS NOR AGREEMENT BETWEEN HIM AND\nAMEMBASSY MADRID 2061\nHIS SOURCES THAT HE GIVE AN ANDROPOV SPIN TO HIS INTER-\nAMEMBASSY ROME 8285\nPRETATION. THIS WAS, IN OUR VIEW, A TACIT ARRANGEMENT\nAMEMBASSY STOCKHOLM 1883\nCONVENIENT TO ALL PARTIES CONCERNED. WE DO NOT KNOW\nAMEMBASSY BELGRADE 8431\nTHE NATURE OF THE NOVEMBER 13 WARNING TO MEDVEDEV, BUT\nAMEMBASSY BERLIN 4516\nJUDGING FROM THE MORE AUTHORITATIVE BUT RELATIVELY \"SOFT\"\nAMEMBASSY BUCHAREST 8826\nAPPROACH OF SOROKA, IT WAS PERHAPS ONLY A HINT THAT HE\nAMEMBASSY BUDAPEST 7922\nSHOULD LIE LOW AND NOT CREATE AN ISSUE WITH WHICH ANDROPOV\nAMCONSUL MUNICH 6751\nWOULD BE FORCED TO DEAL. HE HAS OBVIOUSLY CHOSEN NOT TO\nAMEMBASSY PRAGUE 8584\nINTERPRET THE EARLIER WARNING (S) IN THIS WAY. IN THE\nAMEMBASSY SOFIA 7899\nLAST TWO MONTHS HE HAS INCREASED HIS WRITING AND HAS\nAMEMBASSY WARSAW 0043\nHAD PIECES ON BREZHNEV AND OTHER ISSUES PUBLISHED IN THE\nSWEDISH, ITALIAN, U.S. AND PERHAPS OTHER MEDIA.\nCONF\nIDENTIAL SECTION 03 OF 04 MOSCOW 00781\n11. SOROKA'S RELATIVELY GINGERLY TREATMENT OF MEDVEDEV,\nLIMDIS\nTHE REPORTED FAILURE OF SOROKA TO MENTION HIS CONTACTS\nMAORID FOR USDEL CSCE\nWITH FOREIGN DIPLOMATS AND JOURNALISTS, SOROKA'S\nE.O. 12356: DECL: OADR\nRELUCTANCE TO DISCUSS SPECIFIC NEDVEDEV WRITINGS, THE\nTAGS: PGOV, PINR, SHUM, UR\nADVANCE WARNING OF THE JANUARY 18 SUMMONS, AND HIS\nSUBJECT: THE MEDVEDEV AFFAIR\nABILITY 0 CONTACT HIS BROTHER BY TELEPHONE -- ALL\nAND POSSIBLY OTHER NATIONALIST/RELIGIOUS DISSENTERS CASE\nSUGGEST THAT THE AUTHORITIES HAVE NOT YET DECIDED TO\n(WHICH HAS ALSO DRAGGED ON FOR SOME TIME); 4) THE VLADIMOV\nTAKE HIM OUT OF CIRCULATION AND THAT HE CONTINUES TO\nCASE. (NATASHA REMINDED HIM OF THE PERSECUTION OF THE\nHAVE SOME PROTECTION. HIS PROFESSED REFUSAL TO COMPLY\nSOVIET PEACE GROUP AS WELL.)\nBT\n8. MEDVEDEV ADMITS THAT THE EVIDENCE IS SKETCHY, BUT\nHE SEEMS TO HAVE CONCLUDED THAT THESE SIGNS OF WHAT HE\nTERMED RECENTLY INVIGORATED PERSECUTION OF DISSIDENTS,\nAS WELL AS THE CULTURAL CRACKDOWN (MOSCOW 733), IS NOT\nREFLECTIVE OF ANDROPOV'S PREFERRED WAY OF DEALING WITH\nTHESE ISSUES. WE ARE \"PAWNS IN THE GAME\" BETWEEN INDIVID-\nUALS IN THE LEADERSHIP, HE SAID. WHILE ANDROPOV CERTAINLY\nIS AWARE OF THE ACTIONS BEING TAKEN AGAINST MEDVEDEV AND\nOTHERS, HE IS NOT IN A POSITION TO OPPOSE THEM. IT IS\nALSO PCSSIBLE, ASSERTED MEDVEDEV, THAT ANDROPOV IS GIVING\nINTERIOR MINISTER FEDORCHUK AND KGB HEAD CHEBRIKOV A\nFREE HAND TO DEAL WITH THESE CASES AS THEY WISH IN ORDER\nTO USE THEIR CURRENT CRACKDOWN AT A LATER TIME AGAINST\nTHEM POLITICALLY. IN SHORT, MEDVEDEV CLAIMS THAT WHETHER\nANDROPOV IS NOW IN A POLITICALLY WEAKENED POSITION OR IS\nPURSUING A SHREWD STRATEGY TO FURTHER CONSOLIDATE HIS\nHOLD, THE DISSIDENTS ARE LIKELY IN FOR A ROUGH AND\nUNPREDICTABLE TIME IN THE NEAR TERM.\nMEDVEOEV'S STATUS\nCONF JENTIAL\nCONF INDENTIAL\n4.4\nNATIONAL SECURITY COUNCIL\nMESSAGE CENTER\nPAGE 01\nMOSCOW 0781\nDTG: 201647Z JAN 83 PSN: 008479\nEOB773\nAN007075\nTOR: 020/1723Z\nCSN: HCE138\nDISTRIBUTION: FORT-01 STER-01 MYER-01 DOBR-01 GUHN-01 RAY-01\nKRAM-01 LORD-01 ROBN-01 /009 A3\nDISTRIBUTION: ISEC-01 /001 A2\nWHTS ASSIGNED DISTRIBUTION:\nSIT:\nEOB:\nPRIORITY\nSTU4329\nDE RUEHMO *0781/04 0201700\nP 201647Z JAN 83\nFM AMEMBASSY MOSCOW\nTO SECSTATE WASHDC PRIORITY 2530\nINFO AMCONSUL LENINGRAD 0318\nUSMISSION USNATO 3118\nAMEMBASSY MADRID 2062\nAMEMBASSY ROME 8286\nAMEMBASSY STOCKHOLM 1884\nAMEMBASSY BELGRADE 8432\nAMEMBASSY BERLIN 4517\nAMEMBASSY BUCHAREST 8827\nAMEMBASSY BUDAPEST 7923\nAMCONSUL MUNICH 6752\nAMEMBASSY PRAGUE 8585\nAMEMBASSY SOFIA 7900\nAMEMBASSY WARSAW 0044\nCONF 1 DENTI A L SECTION 04 OF 04 MOSCOW 00781\nLIMDIS\nMADRID FOR USDEL CSCE\nWITH THE PROCURACY WARNING AND HIS WILLINGNESS TO CONTINUE\nTO MEET WITH EMBOFFS SUGGEST THAT HE DISMISSES THE\nPOSSIBILITY THAT HIS UTILITY TO THE ANDROPOV CAMP HAS\nCOME TO AN END.\n12. THE THOUGHT MAY CROSS SOME MINDS THAT THE ENTIRE\nEVENT HAS BEEN STAGED TO INCREASE MEDVEDEV' S CREDIBILITY\nIN THE WEST. IF THAT IS THE GAME-PLAN (AND WE HAVE\nSERIOUS DOUBTS) IT COULD WELL BACKFIRE. MEDVEDEV HAS\nBEEN VALUABLE TO MANY OF HIS WESTERN CONTACTS PRECISELY\nBECAUSE OF THE SUSPICION THAT HE IS PRIVY TO INSIDE\nINFORMATION, NOT BECAUSE OF HIS DISSIDENT CREDENTIALS.\nMORE TO THE POINT, THE ACTIONS AGAINST MEDVEDEV, COINCID-\nING WITH THE MORE SINISTER THREATS AGAINST VLADIMOV,\nCOULD ADD SIGNIFICANTLY TO GROWING CONCERN IN THE WEST\nOVER THE DIRECTION OF ANDROPOV' S HUMAN RIGHTS AND DOMESTIC\nPOLICIES, WITH POTENTIAL NEGATIVE SPILL-OVER INTO HIS\nPUBLIC RELATIONS EFFORT VIS-A-VIS WESTERN EUROPE.\nHARTMAN\nBT\nCONF DENTIAL\nFICE\n470\nDobria offs\nMEMORANDUM\nNATIONAL SECURITY COUNCIL\nJanuary 21, 1983\nACTION\nMEMORANDUM FOR WILLIAM P. CLARK\nFROM:\nPAULA DOBRIANSKY B\nSUBJECT:\nProposed Presidential Call to Mrs. Shcharansky\nMrs. Avital Shcharansky sent a cable to the President (Tab B)\ninforming him that her husband's life is in grave danger and\nthat he is being force-fed every three days. I recommend that\nthe President make a telephone call to Mrs. Shcharansky to\nexpress his deep concern about her husband's condition. At\nTab I is a memorandum to the President recommending that he\ntelephone Mrs. Shcharansky. At Tab A is a Recommended Tele-\nphone Call memorandum for the President.\nThe Department of State concurs.\nRECOMMENDATION\nThat you sign the memoranda at Tabs I and A.\nApprove\nDisapprove\nsee Coan\nnots\nAttachments:\nTab I\nMemorandum to the President\nupr\nTab A\nRecommended Telephone Call\nTab B\nCable from Mrs. Avital Shcharansky, January 13.\nParka,\n1/27\nCC Charles Tyson\nThe like for\nthen\nyou\nto call her.\nK\nor\n470\nMEMORANDUM\nTHE WHITE HOUSE\nWASHINGTON\nACTION\nMEMORANDUM FOR THE PRESIDENT\nFROM:\nWILLIAM P. CLARK\nSUBJECT:\nProposed Telephone Call to Mrs. Shcharansky\nAvital Shcharansky, wife of imprisoned Anatoly Shcharansky,\nsent you a cable (Tab B) stating that her husband's life is\nin grave danger and that he is being force-fed every three\ndays. Given Mr. Shcharansky's remarkable courage and\npersistent struggle for basic freedoms and human rights in\nthe Soviet Union, I recommend that early next week you\ntelephone Mrs. Shcharansky to express your concern about\nher husband's serious state of health. I believe this\nwould be a meaningful gesture. Attached at Tab A is a\nRecommended Telephone Call Memorandum for your use.\nRECOMMENDATION\nOK\nNo\nThat you call Mrs. Shcharansky.\n-\n-\nAttachments:\nTab A\nRecommended Telephone Call\nTab B\nMrs. Shcharansky's cable, January 13, 1983\nPrepared by:\nPaula Dobriansky\n77\n470\nTHE WHITE HOUSE\nWASHINGTON\nRECOMMENDED TELEPHONE CALL\nTO:\nAvital Shcharansky, wife of imprisoned Soviet\ndissident Anatoly Shcharansky -- founder of\nMoscow Helsinki Watch Group; martyr for cause\nof Judaism and human rights in the USSR.\nDATE:\nAt your early convenience. (Telephone:\nJerusalem 2/531-437). Currently in N.Y. 212/679-6122\nRECOMMENDED BY:William P. Clark\nPURPOSE:\nTo express your concern for Shcharansky's\ncondition and your admiration of his outspoken\nadvocacy of human rights.\nBACKGROUND:\nShcharansky was arrested in March 1977 and\ngiven a show trial in July 1978. Accused of\nserving U.S. secret services, he drew an\nunusually severe sentence of 13 years imprison-\nment, followed by five years of internal exile.\nIn September 1982, he began a hunger strike to\nprotest the denial to him by Chistopol' prison\nauthorities of permission to write letters to\nhis relatives and friends or to receive visits\nfrom his mother and brother. He has continued\nhis hunger strike and is reportedly being\nforce- fed every three days.\nMrs. Shcharansky, who resides in Israel, has\nworked indefatigably for the last nine years\nfor the release of her husband of one day. You\nmet her here on May 28, 1981.\nTOPICS OF DISCUSSION:\n1.\nConcern about the grave condition and continued imprison-\nment of her husband.\n2.\nWhat are the most recent reports concerning Shcharansky's\nstate of health?\n3.\nThe Administration's belief that Mr. Shcharansky should\nbe permitted to communicate with his family, should be\nreleased from prison and allowed to join his wife in\nIsrael.\n4.\nYour strong admiration for Shcharansky's courage and\npersistent struggle for basic freedoms and human rights.\n5.\nThe Administration has made and will continue to make\nofficial repesentations to Soviet authorities on behalf\nof Mr. Shcharansky.\nACTION:\n42\nGRAPTINE!\n5\nElectronic Mail Service Center\nDOD\n99 WEST SHEFFIELD AVENUE, ENGLEWOOD, NEW JERSEY 07631\n(201) 569-7707\nTNEF\nC015 261-1 D703 41 01/13/93 14:32 YC\n******* HAND DELIVERY******\n6B 01/13 12:37 1042 335-1 C015 261 01/13/83 14:30\nRCB335 VIA ITT KIT779 JTA1054 1120157\nUSNX HL ILJM 022\nJERUSALEMISRAEL 22/21 13 1200\nLT\nPRESIDENT REAGAN\nWASHINGTON DC\nHUSBANDS LIFE GRAVE DANGER FORCEFED EVERY THREEDAYS\nACCORDING PRISON OFFICIAL APEALING\nURGENTLY SAVE ANATOLYS LIFE\nAVITAL SCHARANSKY\nCOLL\nNNNN\nTNEF\n5.4\nNational Security Council\nThe White House\nPackage # 472\n'83 JAN 24 A11 :18\nSEQUENCE TO HAS SEEN\nACTION\nJohn Poindexter\n/\nJ\nA\n2\nBud McFarlane\nm\nJacque Hill\n3\nJudge Clark\nJohn Poindexter\n5 4 K\nA\nStaff Secretary\nSit Room\nDEBRIANSKI\n/,\nI-information/ A-Action R-Retain D-Dispatch N-No further\nAction\nDISTRIBUTION\ncc: VP Meese Baker Deaver Other\n0470\nIf\nDocument No. 111707\nWHITE HOUSE STAFFING MEMORANDUM\nDATE: 1/17/83\nACTION/CONCURRENCE/COMMENT DUE BY:\nSUBJECT:\nATTACHED CABLE\nACTION FYI\nACTION FYI\nVICE PRESIDENT\nFULLER\nMEESE\nGERGEN\nBAKER\nHARPER\nDEAVER\nJENKINS\nSTOCKMAN\nMURPHY\nCLARK\nROLLINS\nDARMAN\nP\nSS\nWILLIAMSON\nDOLE\nVON DAMM\nDUBERSTEIN\nBRADY/SPEAKES\nFELDSTEIN\nROGERS\nFIELDING\nRemarks:\nRichard G. Darman\nAssistant to the President\n(x2702)\nResponse:"
}