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Ronald Reagan Presidential Library
Digital Library Collections
This is a PDF of a folder from our textual collections.
Collection: Matlock, Jack F.: Files
Folder Title: Divided Spouses (7)
Box: 24
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PENDING REVIEW IN ACCORDANCE WITH E.O. 13233
Ronald Reagan Library
Collection Name MATLOCK, JACK: FILES
Withdrawer
LOJ 3/27/2007
File Folder
DIVIDED SPOUSES (7/7)
FOIA
F01-061
Box Number
24
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Pages
A EMAIL
RE LETTER TO GORBACHEV [20]
1 12/2/1986
Opened 05/14/2008 &
THE DIVIDED SPOUSES abdelfication ASSISTANSE GROUP
FILE
"THE UNION"
Div. SPOUSES
THE DOCUMENT No. I
DIVIDED SPOUSES" RIGHTS VIOLATION IN THE SOVIET UNION.
The main problem is the denial of the right of spouses to reunite their families in
the country of their choice, i.e. the refusal of the Soviet authorities to permit
Soviet spouses to leave the USSR to join their wives, husbands and children, and, in
s-ome cases, to permit foreign spouses to come to the USSR.
In some have cases this process is going on for many years and all sides of these people's
lifevbecome affected by this tragic situation, i.e. the impossibility for spouses to
live together and the necessity to live apart in countries with different social and
political system.
This document does not attend to the problem itself of entry-exit to and from the USSH
for family reunification, but violation of a number of basic human rights coming from
the position of divided spouses in the USSR. The Document does not include all exis-
ting problems and all individual cases, but has an aim to draw the outline of class
of these problems and to give a general idia of violation of the rights of divided
spouses in the USSR on the following questions:
I. The Right to enter a marriage and to make a family.
2. The Protection of personal life ;
the Right of the family to enjoy the protection of the states
a), the Right of spouses to have children; the Right of parents to raise their
own children and to protect their interests;
b) the Right of spouses to freely choose their place of residence in either of
quntries they come from;
c), the Right of spouses to live together, to have a mutual household and to decide
jointly all questions concerning the family life;
d) the Right of spouses to choose freely one's occupation, trade or profession;
e) the Right of spouses to support financially their children and each other.
3. The Protection of Honor, Dignity and Name.
4.0 The Inviolability of the Home.
5. The Protection of Personal Freedom and Inviolability;
the Privacy of personal papers and notes;
the Freedom of meetings and demonstrations.
6. The Privacy of correspondence and telephone conversations.
7. The Protection of Human Life and Health.
8. The Right to appeal against actions of officials, state and social organisations.
It is necessary to note, that in all cases of violation of human rights connected
with position of divided spouses, one of whom resides in the USSR, not only the right
of Soviet citizens, but the rights of their foreign wives, husbands children. as well,
are being infringed. According to the Soviet Constitution foreigners in the USSR
enjoy all the personal rights including the right to have family and protect it's
rights. and interests.
The materials used:
The Declaration of Human Rights of U.N.
The Final Act of Helsinki Agreement
The Constitution of the USSR
(more)
The Fundamentals of Civil U. one
The Fundamentals of Legislation of the USSR and the Union Republics on Marriage and
2
the Family
The Russian Republic Code on Marriage and the Family
"Ten Years after Helsinki"- The Report of the Soviet Committee for European Security
and Cooperation, Progress Publishers, Moscow I985 (in English)
N. Malein, Civil Law and the Protection of Personal Rights in the USSR, Progress
Bublishers, Moscow I985 (in English)
The Legal Status of Foreigners in the USSR
The complete text of The Document is following in Russian.
3
I
ГРУППА СОЛЕЙСТВИЯ ВОССОЕДИНЕНИЮ РАЗДЕЛЕННЫХ СУПРУГОВ "СОЮЗ".
Документ 16 I
НАРУШЕНИЕ ПРАВ РАЗДЕЛЕННЫХ СУПРУГОВ B CCCP.
Главным нарушением прав разделенных супругов является oTKa3 B BOC-
соединении их семей, T.e. oTKa3 советской администрации советским
гражданам B выезде из CCCP K их мужьям или женам, и, B отдельных
случаях oTKa3 иностранным гражданам BO въезде B CCCP. Поскольку этот
процесс B большинстве случаев длится многие годы, Bce стороны жизни
супругов оказываются B зависимости oT этой трагической ситуации, T.e.
невозможности супругов жить BMecTe И необходимости жить порознь B
cTpaHax C разным социальным и политическим cTpoeM.
Ланный документ He рассматривает caMy проблему въезда и выезда из
CCCP C целью воссоединения семьи, a ряд нарушений основных прав че-
ловека, связанных C положением разделенных супругов B CCCP. OH He
охватывает весь KpyΓ проблем И Bce индивидуальные случаи, Ho ставит
своей целью Ha наших собственных примерах, также ряде известных
HaM случаев очертить KpyΓ этих проблем И дать ocHoBHoe представле-
ние O нарушении прав разделенных супругов ПО следующим вопросам:
I. Право Ha вступление B брак И создание семьи.
2. Право Ha личную жизнь и Ha защиту интересов семьи:
a/ право супругов иметь детей и защищать их интересы ; право po-
дителей растить своих детей И участвовать B их воспитании ;
0/ право супругов Ha выбор MecTa жительства ;
B/ право супругов Ha coBMecTHoe проживание, ведение семьёй общего
хозяйства и coBMecTHoe решение вопросов жизни семьи ;
Γ/ право супругов Ha свободный выбор занятий И профессии;
д/ право супругов Ha материальную поддержку друг друга.
3. Право Ha защиту чести и достоинства.
4. Право Ha неприкосновенность жилища.
5. Право Ha личную свободу И неприкосновенность, право Ha документы
личного xapaKTepa, право Ha проведение собраний и демонстраций.
6. Право Ha тайну переписки, телефонных переговоров и телеграфных
сообщений.
7. Право Ha oxpaHy здоровья.
8. Право Ha обжалование действий должностных лиц, государственных И
общественных opΓaHoB.
Необходимо обратить внимание, что BO Bcex случаях нарушения прав че-
ловека, связанных C положением разделенных супругов, ОДИН из которых
проживает B CCCP, нарушаются права He только советских граждан, HO И
права их супругов И детей, граждан других cTpaH. Согласно Конститу-
ЦИИ CCCP иностранцы B CCCP имеют вселправа, HapaBHe c советскими
личные
2
4
гражданами, включая право Ha семью И защиту интересов семьи.
Для составления данного документа были использованы:
Всеобщая Декларация прав человека..
Заключительный aKT Хельсинских соглашений.
Конституция CCCP.
Основы гражданского законодательства Союза CCP и союзных республик.
Основы законодательства O браке и семье Союза CCP И союзных республик
Кодекс O браке и семье РСФСР.
"Десять лет после Хельсинки" - доклад CoBeTcKoΓo комитета 3a eBpo-
пейскую безопасность и сотрудничество", "Прогресс", MocKBa I985 / Ha
англ.яз./.
H. Малеин OxpaHa прав личности советским законодательством, "HayKa"
MocKBa I985 Γ./ Ha англ.яз./.
3aKoH CCCP " правовом положении иностранных граждан B CCCF
I. Право Ha вступление B брак и создание семьи.
CT. I6 Всеобщей Декларации прав человека, CT. Конституции CCCP, Основы
законодательства CCCP O браке и семье, другие советские законы, законы
Bcex цивилизованных cTpaH и международные соглашения гарантируют одно
из основных прав гражданина любой страны, без всяких ограничений по
признаку расы, национальности или религии вступать B брак и основывать
семью.
Согласно coBeTcKoMy 3aKoHy советские граждане имеют право вступать B
брак c иностранными гражданами.
CT. I6 Кодекса o браке И семье РСФСР предусматривает, что He допускается
заключение брака: между лицами, одно из которых уже состоит B другом
браке ; между родственниками, между усыновленными И усыновителями ; медду
лицами, одно из которых признано судом недееспособным.Кроме вышеназван-
ных условий, 3aKoH He устанавливает каких-либо иных ограничений.
Bo Bcex случаях разделенных супругов их брак оформлен И признан B COOT-
ветствии C внутренним законодательством CCCP, HO их семьи лишены факти-
ческого права Ha существование.Существует He MeHee двадцати таких
советско-американских семей, среди них: Матвей Финкель И Сюзан Грэхем,
Соня Мельникова-Эйхенвальд И Майкл Лавинь, Светлана И Кит Браун, Галина
Гольцман-Михельсон и Анатолий Михельсон, Юрий Баловленков И Елена
Кузьменко-Баловленкова,
Владислав Костин И Елена Гостило,
Сергей Петров И Вирджиния Джонсон, Нина Смит И Майк Смит, Елена Каплан
и Гари Таланов, Виктор Фаермарк И Андреа Вайн и другие. HaM известны
аналогичные случац и B других cTpaHax, например супруги Пимановы/ CCCP - -
Дания/, Перельдик / CCCP - Перу/, Павленко / CCCP - Франция/ Блонские
7 CCCP - Англия/ И многие другие. KpoMe ToΓo существует ряд случаев,
когда граждане CCCP и другой страны B установленном порядке подали
документы B 3AΓC o вступлении B брак друг c другом, документы были при-
няты И одобрены, Ho брак фактически He состоялся, несмотря Ha отсутствие
препятствии K заключению шанного opaKa.
3
m
TaKoBa, например, судьба Виктора Новикова, добивающегося заключения
брака C американской гражданкой Элизабет Кондон c 1979Γ. и Марины Bue-
рашней и американского гражданина Баркли Poccepa. Кондон и Poccepy He
разрешён повторный въезд B CCCP ДЛЯ завершения их браков. Eme ОДИН приме
история Ольги Михельсон. B 1972Γ. Ольга и её жених, гражданин Швейцари
Хайнс Хааб, подали документы B 3aΓc ДЛЯ регистрации брака. B ночь HaKa
He свадьбы Хайнс Хааб исчез из гостиницы, где OH проживал.К ВЫЯСНИЛО(
впоследствии, oH был выслан из CCCP без объяснения причин. C Tex пор
Ольга и Хайнс больше He виделись.
2. Право Ha личную жизнь. Право Ha защиту интересов семьи.
Советский 3aKoH предусматривает защиту интересов и следующие функции
семьи: воспроизводство человека, обеспечение жизни ребёнка, оказание
близким ЛЮДЯМ моральной поддержки, ведение семьёй общего хозяйства и
оказание материальной помощи членами семьи друг другу. CT.56 Консти-
туции CCCP закрепляет сферу личной жизни граждан. Это предполагает cy-
ществование сферы жизни личности, свободной oT вмешательства государсті
и других лиц.
B условиях, когда супруги физически лишены возможности coBMecTHoΓo про-
живания, Bce функции семьи нарушаются и семья фактически лишается cBoeT
права Ha существование.
Право супругов иметь детей и защищать их интересы; право родителей
растить своих детей И участвовать B их воспитании.
52, 54, 55Кодекса O браке и семье РСФСР, I3, разд. II и cT. I8 pa3
III OcHoB законодательства Союза CCP и союзных республик O браке и семи
гарантируют право родителей растить своих детей, влиять Ha их развитие
и воспитание и т.п. Это право осуществляется путём личного KoHTaKTa c
ребёнком, возможности coBMecTHoΓo проживания и личного влияния и KoHTpc
ля над eΓo поведением.
B ряде семей разделённых супругов имеются или BcKope ожидаются дети. Bc
Bcex этих случаях родительские права одного ИЗ, супругов, coBeTcKoΓo или
иностранного, нарушаются. Отцы, KaK правило, практически полностью лише
ны возможности KoHTaKTa C ребёнком и участия B eΓo воспитании. Без отца
pacTyT две дочери Юрия Баловленкова, 7 и 3.5 лет, дочь Владимира Пиманс
Ba, дочь Джил Блонски. Вдали oT мужа ожидает рождения ребёнка Сюзан
Грэхем. Сын бывшего члена нашей группы, Тамары Третьяковой, сейчас уже
воссоединившейся CO своим мужем, впервые увидел cBoeΓo отца, когда eMy
было 8 лет. Многие пары, несмотря Ha своё cTpacTHoe желание, He MoΓyT
решиться иметь детей, которых ожидает подобное будущее.
б/Право супругов Ha выбор MecTa жительства.
I9 Кодекса o браке И семье, cT.56 Конституции CCCP и cT.II OcHoB
законодательства CCCP o браке И семье предусматривают право супругов Ha
coBMecTHoe решение вопросов жизни семьи, включая MecTo жительства. Ни
государство, ни административные органы He MoΓyT решать эти вопросы ни
3a одного из супругов.Э право специфически oΓoBopeHo Хельсинскими COI
лашениями.
Bce мы, при обоюдном желании наших супругов, выбрали США KaK MecTo по-
стоянного жительства наших семей. BceM HaM B этом было oTKa3aHo ПОД pa:
ными предлогами, часто вообще без каких-либо объяснений и реальных пер-
спектив Ha будущее.
B/ Право супругов Ha coBMecTHoe проживание, ведение семьёй общего хозяі
cTBa И coBMecTHoe решение вопросов жизни семьи.
CM. Te же статьи законодательства.
B условиях, когда coBeTcKoMy супругу вообще запрещён выезд из CCCP, a
иностранным супругам лишь B отдельных случаях разрешён вьезд B CCCP B
качестве туриста или гостя /последнее He чаще одного pa3a B ecTecT
веление общего хозяйства. Bce вопросы жизни семьи зави
4
сят He oT самих супругов, a OT произвола административных opΓaHoB.
B октябре I985r. Светлана Браун обратилась c просьбой разрешить её мужу
въезд B CCCP B феврале I986r. Кит Браун, ПО профессии адвокат, B cooTBe
ствии C этим взял отпуск. Въезд eMy был разрешён, HO He B феврале, a B
Mae, O чём Светлане He ÓHJIO вовремя сообщено. B результате Кит cMoΓ при
ехать только Ha IO дней.
Матвей Финкель И Сюзан Грэхем ожидают рождения ребёнка и, ecTecTBeHHo,
планировали быть BMecTe при eΓo рождении, надеясь, что Матвею разрешат
временный выезд из CCCP ПО случаю рождения ребёнка, Ho eMy B этом было
oTKa3aHo.
r/ Право супругов Ha свободный выбор занятий И профессии.
CM. Te же статьи законодательства.
Большинство из советских разделённых супругов потеряли свою работу ПО
специальности после вступления B брак C иностранными гражданами или Bo3.
буждения ходатайства O выезде из CCCP.
Соня Мельникова-Эйхенвальд, архитектор, выполняет случайные графические
работы. Матвей Финкель, инженер-металлург, B разные периоды занимался
починкой зонтиков, продажей сезонных билетов и T.II. Сергей Петров, фото-
граф, исключён из профессионального союза. Ольгу Михельсон увольняли вся-
кий pa3, когда семья возобновляла ходатайство O выезде.
Иностранные супруги вынуждены соглашаться Ha любую работу B CCCP, KoTop
даёт им возможность более длительного пребывания B CCCP, чем позволяет
гостевая или туристическая виза. Майкл Лавинь, чтобы He разлучаться c
женой, оставил карьеру B рекламном aΓeHTcTBe B Сан-Франциско И работал
няней y двух детей B семье американского дипломата B MocKBe. Сюзан Грэх
филолог, также уже три года работает няней B семье иностранного корресп
дента.
д/ Право супругов Ha материальную поддержку друг друга.
Конституция CCCPu cT. 25и 89 Кодекса O браке и семье предусматривают пра-
BO И обязанность супругов материально поддерживать друг друга .
Материальное положение советско-американских разделённых семей B большин
cTBe случаев почти катастрофическое. Каждый из американских супругов, per
гулярно поддерживающий телефонную связь CO своим. супругом, тратит oT
300 ДО 500 долларов B месяц. Советские супруги платят 6 рублей 3a одну
минуту телефонного pa3ΓoBopa c США / средняя зарплата B CCCP ПО официаль-
ным данным составляет меньше 200 рублей B месяц7. Приблизительная стоимос
двухнедельной индивидуальной туристической поездки- 3000 долларов. Офи-
циальный механизм, позволяющий помощь советским супругам из-за границы,
крайне ограничен. B свою очередь советские супруги, потерявшие работу, ЛИ
шены KaK материальной, TaK и практической возможности помогать своим cy-
пругам. Механизм материальной помощи иностранным гражданам из CCCP oTcyT
cTByeT полностью. Формально существует право советских граждан выплачи-
вать алименты своим малолетним детям 3a границей, HO это право удаётся
осуществить He BceM И C большим трудом.
Владимир Пиманов через суд установил своё право Ha выплату алиментов CBC
годовалой дочери B Дании. Через год Пиманов обнаружил, что из общей удер
жанной из eΓo зарплаты сумммы eΓo жена ничего He получила. Инюрколлегия
CCCP подтвердила, что деньги He переснлались, T.K. cyMMy сочли слишком
большой.
Галине Голыман 66 лет, её мужу, гражданину США Анатолию Михельсону, 68.
Они женаты 45 лет, из них они He виделись 30 лет. Галина получает пенсик
80 рублей B месяц, близкую K официальному прожиточному минимуму B CCCP.
По желанию мужа B октябре I985r. Галина обратилась B Инюрколлегию CCCP
c просьбой разрешить ей получать OT мужа алименты. Адвокат Викторова вел
дело B течение года, заверяла, что дело рассматривается И решается поло-
жительно. B сентябре 1986Γ. Галине было сообщено, что выплата алиментов
признана нецелесообразной.
7
5
3. Право Ha защиту чести И достоинства.
CT.57 Конституции CCCP И cT.7 OcHoB Гражданского законодательства CCCP
предусматривают защиту чести и достоинства граждан, охраняют граждан OT
распространения сведений, порочащих их имя, честь И достоинство, a такя
распространения любых сведений личного, интимного xapaKTepa против их
воли. Если подобные сведения были опубликованы B прессе, TO они прессой
и должны быть опровергнуты.
Честь И достоинство разделённых супругов нарушаются работниками ОВИР, I
милиции и прессой. B декабре 1985Γ. Радио MocKBa Ha английском языке,
3aTeM Γa3eTa "Комсомольская правда" объявили, что брак советской гражде
ки Елены Каплан и американского гражданина Гари Таланова якобы является
фиктивным. Елена Каплан обратилась B Γa3eTy C опровержением этой информа
ции. Через пять месяцев ей ответили, что информация поступила из TACC V
Γa3eTa 3a неё ответственности He несёт. I5 мая Γa3eTa "Известия" опубли
ковала статью "Амуры из госдепартамента". B ней cHoBa заявлялось o фик-
тивности брака Елены Каплан и O якобы недействительности брака америка
ки Вудкок и coBeTcKoΓo гражданина Калмыкова, KoTopoMy, явно B противорє
чие этому сообщению, BcKope было разрешено выехать B США. 0 семьях co-
ветско-американских разделённых супругов вообще B той же статье cKa3aHc
что они созданы "He по любви, a B недрах спецслужб И пропагандистских
центров /США/". Обе статьи написаны B унижающам, глумливом ToHe, ocKop-
бляющем честь и достоинство Bcex членов разделённых семей. Мы обратилис
c жалобой и требованием опровержения статьи K aBTopy Д. Великому, редакт
py отдела капиталистических cTpaH Дейниченко, Главному редактору Γa3e
ты "Известия" И K секретарю ЦК КПСС Анатолию Добрынину. Мы He получили
oTBeTa Ha эти письма. B телефонном pa3ΓoBope C ОДНИМ из Hac .Дейни-
ченко заявил, что Ha случай, если МЫ будем продолжать добиваться опро
вержения статьи, y газеты уже приготовлен "ещё более неприятный для Hac
материал"
4. Право Ha неприкосновенность жилища.
CT. 55 Конституции CCCP гарантирует гражданам CCCP неприкосновенность
жилища. Это означает, что никто He имеет права без специальной санкции
прокурора войти B жилище против воли проживающих TaM людей.
3 января I983r. B квартиру Матвея Финкеля явились сотрудники КГБ. Проти
воли хозяев квартиры они находились TaM несколько часов, чтобы предотвр
тить предстоявшую встречу Матвея c американским ceHaTopoM.
5. Право Ha личную свободу И неприкосновенность право Ha документы
личного xapaKTepa, право Ha проведение собраний и демонстрации.
Ст.50,54,и 57 Конституции nCCCP гарантируют гражданам личную свободу И
неприкосновенность, право Ha документы личного xapaKTepa, право Ha про-
ведение собраний И демонстраций. Никто He может быть подвергнут apecTy
или задержанию иначе KaK Ha основании судебного решения или C санкции
прокурора.
B aBΓycTe I986r. Юрий Баловленков, Владимир Пиманов, Галина Гольцман и
её восьмилетний BHyK Анатолий были задержаны Ha 5 часов органами КГБ B
MoMeHT передачи B приёмную ЦК КПСС письма Ha имя M.C. Горбачёва. Bcex 3a-
держанных подвергли допросу o членах и намерениях Группы Разделённых
Супругов.
I2 сентября 1986Γ. Матвей Финкель был задержан милиционерами Ha MecTe
своей работы. EMY He было предъявлено никакой санкции Ha apecT. EΓo про-
держали B милиции 5 часов, где eΓo допрашивали сотрудники КІБ. y HeΓo
отобрали документы и личные вещи, включая записную книжку. Темой допрос
было намерение членов Группы Разделённых Супругов поехать B Ригу ДЛЯ
участия B открытой советско-американской конференции, И KpyΓ eΓo америк
ских друзей, чьи имена фигурировали B eΓo записной книжке. B следующие
6 дней Матвея повторно подвергали допросам и предупредили, что если ΓpyT
6
кументы только после окончания Рижской конференции.
I2 И I7 сентября I986 l'. Светлана Браун И Соня Мельникова-Эихенвальд
были вызваны B ОВИР ПОД предлогом уточнения их документов. TaM BMecTo
работников ОВИР c ними беседовали сотрудники КГБ также Об их намерЕнии
поехать B Ригу,с друзьях и т.п. Светлане было обещано, что её мужу
будет разрешен визит, если oHa "будет правильно вести себя", T.e. He
поедет B Ригу. CoHe было cKa3aHo, что её вопрос может быть разрешен B
ближайшем будущем. Впоследствие руководство ОВИР категорически отрица-
ло,что подобные встречи И беседы могли иметь MecTo, T.K. вопросы въезда
и выезда полностью находятся B ведении ОВИР МВД. Обеим недавно cHoBa
было oTKa3aHo B выезде K мужьям.
5 ноября I986 Γ. Сергей Петров участвовал B мирной демонстрации 3a
воссоединение семей. Bce участники демонстрации были задержаны. Сергей
получил максимальное наказание B виде I5 cyToK тюремного заключения.
PaHee Петров уже отбыл 15-ти дневное заключение после задержания при
входе B посольство CША B MocKBe.
6. Право Ha тайну переписки И телефонных переговоров.
Cr.56 Конституции CCCP И Устав Связи CCCP предусматривают сохранение
тайны перепи-ски И телефонных переговоров И наложение apecTa Ha Kop-
респонденцию И выемку ee B почтовых учреждениях только C санкции про-
Kypopa или ПО постановлению суда.
Переписка разделенных супругов крайне затруднена.Некоторые советские
граждане вообще He получают писем oT своих иностранных супругов.
Другие получают их c большим опозданием, часто BO вскрытом виде. Соня
Мельникова-Эйхенвальд 4 года He получает писем из-за границы. мая
I986 Γ.oHa He получает писем oT cBoeΓo мужа. Bo время проживания c же-
ной B MocKBe Майкл также He получал часть своей корреспонденции. B
сентябре I986 супруги направили жалобу Министру связи CCCP B. Самшину.
Им был обещан oTBeT и розыск "затерянных" писем B течение месяца, после
чего несколько писем выборочно были доставлены, HO B принципе положение
He изменилось.
Телефонные разговоры между некоторыми супругами часто прерываются.
7. Право Ha oxpaHy здоровья.
CT.42,43,57 Конституции CCCP закрепляют право граждан Ha oxpaHy здоровья.
Bce члены разделенных семей живут B состоянии постоянного cTpecca.
Полная или временная разлука C супругами, состояние неизвестности,
опасности И неуверенности B cBoeM будущем pe3Ko отражаются Ha их ЗДО-
ровье. Семь лет, предшествовавшие воссоединению c мужем, pe3Ko повлияли
Ha ухудшение здоровья Тамары Третьяковой, B детстве перенесшей полиэми-
лит.В результате тяжелого HepBHoΓo истощения y Елены Каплан развилась
ЛОМКОСТЬ костей, B течение одного года oHa перенесла нескольно перело-
MoB конечностей. Соня Мельникова-Эйхенвальд страдает тяжелой формой
BeΓeTo- сосудистой дистонии, y неё, художника ПО специальности, pe3Ko
ухудшилось зрение. её мужа, Майкла Лавиня, BO время пребывания B CCCP
открылась язва желудка. Анатолий Михельсон страдает тяжелым сердечным
заболеванием. Bce они находятся B разлуке CO своими супругами, чьеи
поддержке и уходе BO время болезни особенно нуждаются.
8. Право Ha обжалование действий должностных лиц, государственных и
общественных opΓaHoB.
CT. и 58 Конституции CCCP предусматривают уважение личности всеми
государственными органами, ор ганизациями и ДОЛЖНОСТНЫМИ лицами, право
Ha обжалование действий ДОЛЖНОСТНЫХ лиц,государственных И общественных
opΓaHoB,
7
Bce супруги множество pa3 обращались B различные советские государ-
ственные, партийные и правовые органы c жалобами Ha действия ОВИР МВД
И Ha грубое обращение c ними работников ОВИР. Ни Ha одно из coTeH
индивидуальных писем He поступило oTBeTa и Bce они без исключения
были пересланы B ОВИР МВД, Ha который эти жалобы были направлены. Работ-
ники ОВИР цинично продемонстрировали эти письма и посоветовали больше
никуда He писать, T.K. письма Bce paBHo поступают K ним" Ha ряд кол-
лективных писем членов нашей группы, направленных B советские правовые
органы - Министерство юстиции CCCP, Прокуратуру CCCP, журналы "Человек и
3aKoH", "Социалистическая законность" И т.п.,- c просьбой разъяснить
существующие законы, регулирующие вопросы воссоединения семей, был полу-
чен стандартный oTBeT, что эти учреждения He компетентны B этом вопросе
Без oTBeTa остались Bce индивидуальные и коллективные письма B ЦК и
MΓK КПСС. B aBΓycTe I986 Γ. члены нашей группы BMecTe пришли B приемную
MΓK КПСС 3a oTBeToM Ha cBoe письмо OT мая I986 Γ. Ha имя Первого ceK-
ретаря MΓK КПСС Елыцина.К HaM вышел начальник приёмной MΓK КПСС Толстов
И B грубых угрожающих выражениях потребовал, чтобы мы "покинули приёмную
И больше никогда TaM He появлялись, T.K. oTBeTa He будет". Зная, что ни
ОДИН суд He принимает иски против действий ОВИР, работники ОВИР чувствуют
себя абсолютно безнаказанными. Типичными выражениями ДЛЯ них являются:
"Жалуйтесь куда хотите, хоть Горбачеву, HaM Bce paBHo,a BaM будет только
хуже", "y Hac для Bac HeT 3aKoHoB."
K сожалению последнее высказывание начальника Всесоюзного ОВИР МВД
Кузнецова по-видимому является горькой правдой - B CCCP для Hac HeT
3aKoHoB, BO всяком случае 3aKoHoB, которые выполняются.
10
TO THE DELEGATES OF THE VIENNA CONFERENCE ON THE OBSERVANCE
OF HELSINKI AGREEMENTS FROM THE SOVIET-AMERIGAN DIVIDED
SPOUSES COALITION
14 November, 1986
Mossow, USSR
We - Soviet husbands and wives of American citizens who have
been denied the right to join our families in the United States -
appeal to you to attend in a positive and constructive way to
the Soviet proposal to hold a conference on human rights in
Moscow.
In order to provide for the actual possibility to discuss openly
and honestly the existing cases of violation of human rights,
our families' situation in particular, guaranteed conditions
should be granted that we and our American spouses could meet
with members of the official delegations, groups and mass media
representatives, if and when the Moscow Conference takes place.
We applaud the efforts of the participants in the Conference
aimed to support the struggle of the families who seek reunifi-
cation. we believe that during the discussion or Moscow as a
place for the forthcoming Conference on Human Rights our parti-
cipation there must be given special attention. We have appeal-
ed to Mr.Shevardnadze, USSR Minister of Foreign Affairs, to the
same effect already.
Sincerely yours,
Sonia Melnikova-Eichenvald
Svetlana Braun
Galina Golteman-tichelson
Matvey Pinkel
Victor Faermark
Marina Vcherashnyaya
Dmitri Vlasenkov
for the Divided Spouses Coalition
Dobriausly
FILE
Div.
NATIONAL SECURITY COUNCIL
spouses
WASHINGTON, D.C. 20506
7607
December 23, 1986
INFORMATION
MEMORANDUM FOR JACK COURTEMANCHE
FROM:
RODNEY B. McDANIEL Bolfor Brl
SUBJECT:
Letter to Mr. & Mrs. Graham
Mr. & Mrs. Graham have written a letter to Mrs. Reagan regarding
the emigration to the US of their daughter's husband, Matvey
Finkel, a Soviet citizen. The President met with Mr. & Mrs.
Graham in Spokane, Washington, on October 31 -- and a letter is
being sent to the Grahams from the President. Therefore, a
letter from Mrs. Reagan on the same subject is not necessary.
Attachments
Tab A
Incoming Correspondence
12
THE WHITE HOUSE
WASHINGTON
10/8/86
TO:
FRANK LAVIN
FROM:
Jack L. Courtemanche
Chief of Staff to the First Lady
J
and Deputy Assistant
to the President
456-2957
-
SUBJECT: ICelmad
The attached is for you:
Information
Review & Comment
Direct Response
Appropriate Action
Draft Letter
Signature
Files
Other
Comments:
Would you please handle. -
$
13
HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES
OFFICE OF THE MAJORITY WHIP
WASHINGTON, D.C.
THOMAS S. FOLEY
MAJORITY WHIP
October 7, 1986
Dear Dave:
Enclosed is a letter to Mrs. Reagan from Mr. and Mrs.
Robert Graham of Spokane, WA. They are the parents of
Susan Graham-Finkel who is married to a Soviet citizen, Matvey
Finkel, with whom she is temporarily residing in Moscow.
Susan is a member of the Divided Spouse Coalition whose
desire to be reunited with their Soviet citizen husbands or
wives has been a priority concern of our government's human
rights discussions with the Soviet Union. Susan and her
parents hope that this subject will again be of the highest
priority in the President's up-coming meetings with General
Secretary Gorbachev and in particular they hope that Mrs.
Reagan, should she meet with Mrs. Gorbachev, take the
opportunity to bring up this very important issue.
The Grahams have asked that I forward this letter to the
White House for Mrs. Reagan's consideration. I hope that you
will convey to her and the President my own deep concern on
this matter as well as my appreciation for all their past efforts
in support of the divided spouses.
Sincerely yours,
7am Thomas S. Foley
Majority Whip
Mr. David Bockorny
Special Assistant to the President
112 East Wing
The White House
Washington, D.C. 20500
UNCLASSIFIED
(Classification)
DEPARTMENT OF STATE
EXECUTIVE SECRETARIAT
TRANSMITTAL FORM
S/S # 8633339
Date: November 21, 1986
FOR:
VADM JOHN M. POINDEXTER
National Security Council
The White House
Reference:
To: Mrs. Reagan
From: Mr. and Mrs. Graham
Date: October 6, 1986
Subject: Their Daughter Susan is
Married to Soviet Citizen Matvey Finkel, Who Cannot Emigrate
WH Referral Dated: October 23, 1986
NSC ID# 8607607
(if any)
The attached item was sent directly to the
Department of State
Action Taken:
X
A draft reply is attached.
A draft reply will be forwarded.
A translation is attached.
An information copy of a direct reply is attached.
We believe no response is necessary for the reason
cited below.
The Department of State has no objection to the
proposed travel.
Other.
Remarks: Paula Dobriansky of the NSC is preparing a reply from the
President to Mr. and Mrs. Graham on the same subject; this reply,
therefore, may not be necessary.
UNICLASSIFIED
Executive Mary icholas Secretary Platt Haines
(Classification)
is
STATE DEPARTMENT
DRAFT REPLY
Dear Mr. and Mrs. Graham:
Thank you for your letter of October 6 to Mrs. Reagan
concerning your daughter, Susan, and her husband, Matvey
Finkel.
Since you wrote, you have met with President Reagan in
Spokane, and Susan has met with Secretary Shultz in Vienna. As
the President and the Secretary both emphasized, we have made
it clear to the Soviets at all our high-level meetings that the
United States places great importance on the issue of American
citizens separated from their Soviet spouses. Susan's case is
a particularly touching and urgent one, and I assure you that
we are actively working to persuade the Soviets to allow Matvey
to come to the United States.
Please convey the best wishes of President and Mrs. Reagan
to Susan and let her know that we are making every effort to
reunite her with Matvey.
Sincerely,
16
NATIONAL SECURITY COUNCIL 8633339
ID 8607607
REFERRAL
DATE: 23 OCT 86
MEMORANDUM FOR: DEPT OF STATE
DOCUMENT DESCRIPTION:
TO: MS REAGAN
SOURCE: GRAHAM, ANNA M
DATE: 06 OCT 86
KEYWORDS: USSR
HUMAN RIGHTS
SUSAN, G FINKEL
MP
CONGRESSIONAL
MATVEY, FINKEL
SUBJ: LTR TO MRS REAGAN FM GRAHAM RE DAUGHTER & HUSBAND WHO ARE DIVIDED
REQUIRED ACTION: DRAFT REPLY FOR WH SIG
DUEDATE: 03 NOV 86
COMMENTS:
FOR Rodney B. mcDanie
EXECUTIVE SECRETARY
Robert H. Graham
E. 1527 Rockwood Blvd., Spokane, WA 99203
(509)535-8348 or (509)292-2680
October 6, 1986
Mrs. Nancy Reagan
The White House
Washington, D. C.
Dear Mrs. Reagan:
I am writing this letter to appeal to you on behalf of my daughter, Susan, who
has been married for almost 7 years to a Soviet citizen, Matvey Finkel. Matvey
has applied approximately 15 times to emigrate to the United States to live
here with Susan, and each time he has been denied permission by the Soviet
government. I have enclosed a brief summary of their situation to date.
In December, Susan and Matvey are expecting their first child. Susan has
been living in the Soviet Union for three years, but at the end of this month
will return to Spokane to have her baby.
This couple and other couples in similar circumstances have tried many ways
of resolving their dilemma. Last November when President Reagan and Mr.
Gorbachev met, 8 cases such as theirs were resolved. I pray that perhaps
you and Mrs. Gorbachev would discuss the Divided Spouses issue with your
husbands, that it might be resolved once and for all. If we are to continue
to have cultural exchanges between our two countries, we will continue to
have Soviet-American marriages.
I want my daughter and son-in-law to be together for the birth of their baby.
I want my grandchild to know his father from the beginning of his life, and
not as a voice on the telephone or a picture on the mantle. That doesn't seem
like a lot to ask. Please help me fulfill this wish.
Sincerely,
Anna mae Thaham
Anna Mae Graham
18
Matvey S. Finkel
Susan R. Graham
ul. Snezhnaya 6-2
E. 1527 Rockwood Blvd.
Moscow, USSR
Spokane, WA 99203
tel: 180 7550
tel: 509 535 8348
Married on 11 December 1979 in Moscow.
We met in 1977 when Susan was studying in Leningrad on an official
exchange program. Two years later we were married in Moscow. Matvey
first applied to go to the United States on 22 December 1979. Six
months later he was informed that his application had been denied.
Over the past six years he has been refused permission more than ten
times. He has never officially been given a reason, but Susan was
told in 1982 his denials were based on one year of compulsory mili-
tary duty which he served 1972-73, fourteen years ago. This, of
course, directly contradicts what Mr. Gorbachev said in his inter-
view with French journalists; he said that cases refused on the
basis of state security are resolved in 5-10 years. Matvey was most
recently denied permission to emigrate on 16 January 1986.
The first four years of our marriage we lived apart because Soviet
authorities persistently denied Susan permission to go to Moscow so
that we might live together as a family. Because of the extreme
hardship of living apart we persisted in our efforts to be together
and in 1983, after the intervention of Congressman Foley and the late
Senator Jackson, Susan was allowed to go to Moscow to work as a nanny
for an American correspondent. Being together has somewhat eased the
anguish of our situation, and yet it is still very difficult because
we are not permitted a home of our own, we cannot start a family, we
cannot pursue our careers, we cannot live in the country of our own
choice.
We ask that you not forget about us and the other divided spouses
who share our plight. Please do everything in your power to bring
the resolution of these cases.
Sincerely,
Susen Retham
Susan R. Graham Matvey $. Finkel
Update: Susan is now pregnant; our child is lue in December 1986.
Susan will : return to the United States in the fall to await our child's
birth.
7 July 1986
19
7607
NATIONAL SECURITY COUNCIL
WASHINGTON, D.C. 20506
December 18, 1986
SIGNED
ACTION
MEMORANDUM FOR RONALD B. McDANIEL
FROM:
PAULA DOBRIANSKY PD
SUBJECT:
Letter to Mrs. Reagan from Mr. & Mrs. Graham
Attached at Tab I is a memorandum for Jack Courtemanche apprising
him that a letter to Mr. & Mrs. Graham regarding the emigration
of their daughter's husband, Matvey Finkel, a Soviet citizen, has
been sent by the President -- and a letter from Mrs. Reagan on
the same subject is not warranted.
not
available
Matlock, Sable, Lavin and Mandel concur.
RECOMMENDATION
That you sign the memorandum at Tab I.
Approve
Disapprove
Attachments
Tab I
McDaniel/Courtemanche Memo
Tab A Incoming
20
LOOK AI THE NOTE
E01
From: NSJFM --CFUA
Date and time
12/02/86 17:07:36
To: NSRBM CPUA
NOTE FROM: Jack Hatlock
SUBJECT: Letter to Gorbachev F @ Divided Spouses
Following are arguments to use to encourage not sending a letler on this
subject:
L. 1L Lends 1.0 dehase the currency. there have already been quite a Frew
substantive letters, and also quite a few "courtesy" letters to member $ OF
Congress and Senators going over there. If too many office sent, all are Jikely
to be ignored.
2. It singles out one case of sixteen For special allention --- not really tain
to the others.
3. AS For the general problem, 11 Was raised ac Reykjavik, and the President
gave Borbachev at list which incidentally included the Grahan/Finkel case on
11. in send another letter now, without waiting to the wifect of the List,
seems premature.
PFI Alternate PT s PF2 File NOTE
PF3 Keep PP4 Erase PF5 Forward Note
PFS Reply PF/ Resend PF8 Print PP9 Help PF10 Next PF11 Previous PF12 Return
LOOK AI THE NOTE
E01
4. Theretore, recommend that Embassy Moscow be authorized to inquire about the
cases on the list given Gorby in Rekjavik this would cover the President's
promise to "do something" about the matter.
8154
NATIONAL SECURITY COUNCIL
WASHINGTON, D.C. 20506
December 1, 1986
ACTION
MEMORANDUM FOR ALTON G. KEEL
FROM:
PAULA DOBRIANSKY
SUBJECT:
Letters to General Secretary Gorbachev
and Mr. & Mrs. Robert Graham
Attached at Tab I is a memorandum for the President forwarding a
letter to Mr. & Mrs. Graham (Tab B), whom he met in Spokane,
Washington. During this visit, the Grahams appealed to the
President to seek the resolution of their daughter's case. Susan
Graham has been married to Matvey Finkel, a Soviet national, for
seven years. She is expecting a child in December and hopes her
husband will be granted an exit visit to leave the Soviet Union
before the end of this year.
Also, attached at Tab A is a letter from the President to General
Secretary Gorbachev communicating his concern about the Graham-
Finkel case. Speechwriters have cleared the text.
Jack Natlock and State concur.
RECOMMENDATION
That you sign the memorandum for the President at Tab I.
Approve
Disapprove
Attachments
Tab I
Memo for President
Tab A
Letter to Gorbachev
Tab B
Letter to Grahams
Tab C
Incoming Correspondence
22
7806
NATIONAL SECURITY COUNCIL
WASHINGTON, D.C. 20506
February 17, 1987
ACTION
MEMORANDUM FOR GRANT S. GREEN
FROM:
PAULA DOBRIANSKY
SUBJECT:
Letter to Anatoly Michelson
Attached at Tab I is a memorandum for Sally Kelley forwarding
the State Department's draft recommended reply, as amended, to
Anatoly Michelson in answer to his letters of October 19 and
October 24, 1986 concerning his 30-year separation from his wife
and daughter.
Walt Raymond concurs.
RECOMMENDATION
That you sign the memorandum at Tab I.
Approve
Disapprove
Attachments
Tab I
Grant/Kelley Memo
Tab A
Draft Reply
Tab B
Background
23
NATIONAL SECURITY COUNCIL
WASHINGTON, D.C. 20506
7806
MEMORANDUM FOR SALLY KELLEY
FROM:
GRANT S. GPEEN
SUBJECT:
Reply to Anatoly Michelson
Attached at Tab A is the State Department's draft recommended
reply, as amended, to Anatoly Michelson in response to his
letters of October 19 and October 24, 1986 concerning his 30-year
separation from his wife and daughter.
Attachments
Tab A
Draft Reply
Tab B
Background
24
STATE DEPARTMENT
DRAFT REPLY
Dear Mr. Michelson:
Thank you for your letters of October 19 and October 24 to
President Reagan concerning your thirty-year separation from
your wife and daughter.
The President and other members of the U.S. Government are
deeply concerned over the tragic circumstances under which the
Soviet authorities have forced you to live for SO long, and we
sympathize deeply. The issue of separated spouses and your own
individual case have been raised at the highest levels in
discussions with Soviet officials.
I understand that you have requested a meeting with Vice
President Bush and that the Divided Spouses Coalition, of which
you are a member, has asked for an appointment with the
President. These requests are under consideration, and the
appropriate officials will be getting in touch with you and
with the Coalition.
Please accept my assurances that the U.S. Government
remains very much aware of your plight and is actively seeking
a solution.
Sincerely,
Mr. Anatoly Michelson
1700 Ben Franklin Drive,
Sarasota, Florida.
25
UNCLASSIFIED
(Classification)
Kcl
DEPARTMENT OF STATE
EXECUTIVE SECRETARIAT
TRANSMITTAL FORM
S/S # 8633909/4682
Date:
FOR:
Dr. Alton G. Keel, Jr.
National Security Council
The White House
Reference:
To: President Reagan
From: Mr. Anatoly Michelson
Date: 10/24/86 & 10/19/86
Subject: Writer Has Been
Separated from His Wife in the Soviet Union for 30 Years
WH Referral Dated: 10/30/86 & 11/07/86 NSC ID# 8607806/453874
The attached item was sent directly to the
Department of State
Action Taken:
X
A draft reply is attached.
A draft reply will be forwarded.
A translation is attached.
An information copy of a direct reply is attached.
We believe no response is necessary for the reason
cited below.
The Department of State has no objection to the
proposed travel.
Other.
Remarks: Ms. Paula Dobriansky of the NSC is working on this issue.
Drafted: EUR/SOV/SOBI: KCLang
11/22/86 x8670 8633909/4682 LA
'leared:EUR/SOV/SOBI:JRPurnell
Nicholas Platt
EUR/SOV:JMEvans
Executive Secretary
EUR:TWSimons, Jr.
1294B
UNCLASSIFIED
(Classification)
:
THE WHITE HOUSE OΓΓICE
REFERRAL
NOVEMBER 7, 1986
TO: DEPARTMENT OF STATE
ACTION REQUESTED:
DIRECT REPLY, FURNISH INFO COPY
DESCRIPTION OF INCOMING:
ID:
453874
MEDIA: LETTER, DATED OCTOBER 19, 1986
TO:
PRESIDENT REAGAN
FROM:
MR. ANATOLY MICHELSON
1700 BEN FRANKLIN DRIVE
SARASOTA FL 33577
SUBJECT: FAMILY REUNIFICATION ASSISTANCE PLEA
PROMPT ACTION IS ESSENTIAL -- IF REQUIRED ACTION HAS NOT BEEN
TAKEN WITHIN 9 WORKING DAYS OF RECEIPT, PLEASE TELEPHONE THE
UNDERSIGNED AT 456-7486.
RETURN CORRESPONDENCE, WORKSHEET AND COPY OF RESPONSE
(OR DRAFT) TO:
AGENCY LIAISON, RCCM 91, THE WHITE HOUSE, 20500
SALLY KELLEY
DIRECTOR OF AGENCY LIAISON
PRESIDENTIAL CORRESPONDENCE
27
45387
ID #
WHITE HOUSE
CORRESPONDENCE TRACKING WORKSHEET
o . OUTGOING
8634682
H INTERNAL
X
I . INCOMING
Date Correspondence
Received (YY/MM/DD)
86 6/10/26
Name of Correspondent: [Mr. [Mrs. [Miss/Ms. [Ms. anatoly michelson
MI Mall Report
User Codes: (A)
(B)
(c)
Subject: Family reunification assistance
plea
ROUTE TO:
ACTION
DISPOSITION
Tracking
Type
Completion
Action
Date
of
Date
Office/Agency
(Staff Name)
Code
YY/MM/DD
I
Code
YY/MMDD
3
Coliyde
ORIGINATOR
86 1105
86/1/
DOS
Referral Note:
Ras 11/10
86 / 1 /
Referral Note:
/ /
/
/
-
Referral Note:
/ /
/
/
Referral Note:
/
/
/ /
Referral Note:
ACTION CODES:
DISPOSITION CODES:
A. Appropriate Action
I info Copy Only/No Action Necessary
A Answered
C Completed
C Commant/Recommendation
R Direct Reply w/Copy
B Non-Special Referral
8 Suspended
D Draft Response
8. For Signature
F. Furnish Fast Sheet
X interim Reply
to be used as Enclosure
FOR OUTGOING CORRESPONDENCE:
Type of Response - initials of Si ner
Code - "A"
Completion Date - Date of Outgoing
Comments:
Keep this worksheet attached to the original incoming letter.
Send all routing updates to Central Reference (Room 75, OEOB).
Always return completed correspondence record to Central Files.
Refer questions about the correspondence tracking system to Central Reference, ext. 2590.
28
ANATOLY MICHELSON
8634682
1700 Ben Franklin Drive
Sarasota, Florida
Phone [813] 388-1252
33577
DOS
10.19.1986
The President
The White House
483874
Dear Mr. President:
Please, read the enclosed two articles of this month. The life of four people
depends on it.
With deep respect
if
Michelson
P.S. If a person, who opens this letter in The White House, starts to read enclosures
and has a good heart, he or she will feel the necessity to submit this letter
to the addressee - The President.
:
EDITORIAL
ROUTING 10-13-86
TO:
NEWS-FOCUS
30 years apart
8634682
Family's ties were cut by USSR in '56
By Tom Tiede
several years. He says he sent letters
know they will be separated from
that were rejected by the govern-
their relations, perhaps forever
WASHINGTON (NEA) - An open
ment. packages that were returned by
Forever? Anatoly Michelson savs
letter to Ronald Reagan:
the government. and when he directed
30 years can be forever. Thus. he con-
Dear Mr. President: Every now and
inquiries to the Soviet consul in Vien-
tinues. frantically. to do what he can
then there is a story in the newspa-
na he was either ignored or ridiculed.
to free his family. He has compiled
pers, or by the related mass media,
Then. in 1960. he says he arranged
scrapbooks of data. with which he
regarding an American resident who
to meet Nina Khrushchev. the wife of
makes entreaty upon entreaty. he has
is trying to get his family out of the
Soviet premier Nikita Khrushchev.
become a regular on Capitol Hill. for
Soviet Union. The resident is usually a
She was traveling through Vienna. He
example, lobbying for official
defector or a refugee who. on depart-
says he told her who he was and that
compassion
ing the Russian nation. had to leave
he had many differences with her hus-
His wife lobbies as well in Moscow
his family behind.
band. "but 1 didn't think that was any
Michelson says she may have lost the
The stories pick at the heart and the
glow of youth, over the decades. but
soul. They are sad on the one hand and
not that of determination. She has
infuriating on the other. The Ameri-
demonstrated several times in the So
can residents want only to be reunited
viet streets, and has been subsequent
with their loved ones, a small enough
ly harassed. manhandled and interro-
request, but the Soviets refuse to let
gated by agents she describes as
go of the spouses, the children or
brutes.
whatever the case may be.
Yet through it all the couple has
With that in mind, I am writing to
gotten nowhere, Mr. President. That
bring to your attention another of
why Michelson has asked me to ap-
these stories. Perhaps the most sad
peal to you directly. He believes that
and infuriating of them all Anatoly
your personal involvement may be his
Michelson, a naturalized American
last real hope. The Soviets do release
living in Florida, has been trying to
families from time to time. and he
get his wife and daughter out of the
would very much like his to be next
USSR for 30 years. Repeat: 30 years.
He says you might refer to the cir
He has pleaded with the Soviet au-
cumstances on your one of your week
thorities. He has enlisted the aid of
ly radio broadcasts or mention the
U.S. officials. But to no good end Now
reason to keep mv wite and child
subject in contacts with the Soviet
he's come to believe, after all this
from me.
leadership. You might also instruct
time. there is only one person left who
She may or may not have agreed In
the State Department that 30 years is
can help him end the separation;
any event, Michelson was thereafter
long enough. in fact it is terrible tor.
that's you, of course, hence the motive
allowed to at least communicate with
ture. and the separation must end as
for this letter.
his family The letters and packages
soon as possible.
I say again. 30 years Michelson
were delivered
Michelson
now
notes that his ordeal began in 1956. He
changed. Michelson could even send
but they assure you their need for
was a prominent Russian engineer at
gifts of money. and he began to talk
each other has not been dimmed by
the time, and a member of the Com-
occasionally with his wife by
time. This year he sent her a second
munist Party. But he explains that he
telephone.
wedding ring. and she received it like
became disenchanted with socialism.
Still the Russians would not let the
(800) 221-4816.
a bride. He has not forgotten. she has
So, on a visit to Vienna. he asked for
wife and daughter emigrate And they
not forgotten. and. with White House
in
asylum at the U.S. Embassy.
have never given a reason for the de-
help. they may yet be together again
Printed
He says he knew the Russians
cision. Michelson claims he was not
c) 1986. NEWSPAPER ENTERPRISE
would be embittered. But he did not
an important defector. in the sense he
think they would take the anger out on
was a major embarrassment; but he
Assn
his family. Josef Stalin was dead. af-
believes the Soviets have acted purely
ter all. The country had relaxed some-
out of a compulsion for revenge.
what. He was sure that his wife. Ga.
Some people in your State Depart-
!ina, and his daughter. Olga, would be
ment agree, Mr President They also
Tom Tiede
given permission to join him in the
say the Soviet purpose III these affairs
West.
IS to instill fear and create a domestic
They weren't Indeed. Michelson
deterrent The Russians believe pen-
says he lost all contact with them for
ple will be less likely to defect if they
that of & trattor: He has not seen his wife, Galina,
new 67, or designter Olgan: 37, since, but he knows
30
their captors have made their lives miserable. He
has never seen his 8-year-old grandson and
namesake, Anatoly.
But like 20 other merican citizens
(Michelson was naturalized in 1969) whose
THE TAMPA TRIBUNE
husbands or wives have been refused exit visas
from the Soviet Union, his name was on a list
Sunday, October 19, 1986
President Reagan took to the Iceland summit
meeting. And although the talks broke down, on
Monday the president said the subject 06
separated spouses had Indeed been discussed.
Anatoly Michelson has been separated from
his family longer than any of the others. And
because he has made a second career of
reaching for "the big publicity" for his case,
campaigning with the kind of single-mindedness
that cannot be ignored, It is undoubtedly the best
Rick
known.
B+
The official line to reporters is: "I am very
Barry
Ti
disappointed the summit broke up because I do
not believe the Soviets will do anything for us
unless It is part of a package in which they have a
P
vested interest."
A flicker of hope
H
But. that is not what you hear in the voice
01
beneath the words as he speaks. Despair has
been shoved aside, however slightly, at least for a
fl.
grows stronger
while.
to
He is closing soon on the purchase of a nice
sit
suburban lot in a subdivision with sidewalks and
re
street lights.
as decades pass
"It is for my family, when they come. When I
so
get word.z I will start building."
it's
This bearded, balding engineer, 68 and
SARASOTA He's trying hard to fight it. It's
suffering from diabetes and a heart condition, is
been 30 years, after all; 30 years of
he
gearing up for the last push that will free his
disappointment, loneliness and more
beloved wife, "angel" of a daughter and little
disappointment. But still it's creeping back into
grandson and reunite them in Florida.
his life again. Sometimes he even denies it. But
Tell your: readers only the president can
tell It's there:His gestures and his eyes
help now, he says; preventing my elevatór from
betray him. So does his voice.
descending from the hall outside his Gulf front,
You can actually hear the hope.
apartment, with all the desperation of a chem
Thirty years;age. Anatoly Michelson, the
player just one less-than-perfect move by: his
Soviet Union's leading industrial design engineer,
opponent from checkmate. "Tell them to write
tiptoed out of his Vienna hotel room, eluding
him, not senators or congressmen or anyone else
those who kept watch over him and his elite tour
If they care to write anybody. Tell them, please.
group of vacationing colleagues, and walked into
the American embassy.
He had defected, he told them. All he needed,
It was too late to turn back moments after he
he added, was a little help from the American
left that hotel room in Vienna three decades ago.
government in arranging for his wife and 7-year-
He knew that. It was never a consideration. And
old daughter to Join him.
what enveloped him was a lot stronger than
They looked at him like he came from Mars,
regret. "It was the realization of the horror of
not Moscow
what had happened, the Incredible horror of the
"I was naive; yes. And a bit stupid, too, I
situation.
suppose. But mostly it was ignorance.
"I am in a country, in a strange city where I
"I believed then, in 1956 after the big thaw (in
know no one, don't speak the language, have no
East-West relations); that the politicians (on both
connection with my wife and child. For all I know
sides) meant everything they were saying I had
my wife is In prison, my daughter on a street
thought It out 'very.' logically, I believed.
alone, crying
So, since I am in front of the world, I think
See BARRY, Page SB
the Soviets will not spoil their image as a
civilized, normal regime If I showed people
they were actually holding a woman and child by
force, they would look not like a country. but like
a prison I did not consider It possible the
Soviets would dare to show the world they are
slave holders."
on his quest. lobbying in Washington,
Barry
picketing the Soviet embassy there
In search of publicity, traveling to
the sites of political railies, trying to
From Page 1B
speak with key leaders. He took an
early retirement at 55 to better pur-
sue his prayed-for reunion. He spoke
Then, another line he has relled
with President Carter three tirites.
on over the years to explain:
He is scheduled to meet with Vice
"At first, I thought that life with-
out freedom would not be worth Ilv-
President George Bush next month
in New Orleans.
Ing. After, I realized life without
family is also not worth living."
And In recent years he has been
He ,was emotionally crippled by
able to telephone his family In Mos-
what he'd done, or as he views it,
cow regularly, as well, which is ex.
what his homeland had done to him
pensive.
and his.
"I tape many of those calls,"
"For the first half-year anyway, I
Michelson says. "That way I can
would walk the streets and the tears
hear the voices free of charge. It is
would come, uncontrollably. I could
very important, hearing the voices
do nothing. Then I would try to ask
of those you love.
Americans for work but they would
But they speak too freely. some-
ask how can I work when I am so
times, I think. Especially my daugh-
out of myself."
ter, who talks so defiantly about how
It took years for the depression
Only President Reagan,
she hates the hypocrisy, the lles. I'm
to lift enough for, him to work, even
Anatoly Michelson believes,
afraid for her."
at menial jobs. But he did it, by com-
can reunite him with his family.
He figures he is not the only one
mitting every nonworking waking
taping. He must always make an ap-
moment, and 90 percent of his in-
was bad.
pointment to put his call through 23
come, to freeing his family. It be-
His wife Galina, once a promi-
hours in advance.
came
an
obsessions
The
obsession
nent women's dress designer, had
But he doesn't disagree with his
became his
*
been relegated to a menial position
daughter's opinions. "The Soviet sys-
For four years be heard nothing
in a clothing factory, sewing in a
tem is built on two pillars: fear, in-
of his family, not a word. But he
dark room as she slowly went blind.
stilled by swift violence against the
wrote letters; every day, to world
His daughter did well In school,
people, and incredible, pervasive.
leaders, anyone: he thought could
attended a university, became an ar-
cynical lies Peace is war: Love is
help. He traveled when he had the
chitect and married. But when she
hate; Truth is a lie
money, to meet with Red Cross offi-
joined her mother and began apply-
He tells a Soviet joke: "Two men
clais in} Bonn, United Nations offi-
ing for exit visas, she lost her
are talking. One says'to the other,
clais In Geneva.
standing as an architect and each
'Did you see in the newspaper they
Then, in 1960, when Soviet Pre-
time she applied her husband would
are rounding up all the camels in the
mier Nikita' Khrushchev came to
lose his job "Immediately." Ulti-
country and castrating them?' The
Vienna, Anatoly Michelson was
mately they were divorced. Today
other guy says, 'What do I care, I am
waiting for him, in front of their
she works in a factory painting faces
not a camel.' The first man says.
hotel. He handed Mrs. Khrushchev a
on dolls.
'Are you sure? Remember first they
letter as he asked her husband to let
Neither his wife nor daughter
cut them off, then you prove you are
his family go.
makes much money. But over the
not a camel.'
It read:
years Michelson has been able to
And another: "Do you know how
Dear Nina Petrovna,
help keep them well fed and
to catch a tiger? First catch a hare
The differences of opinion be
clothed.
and beat It until It confesses it is a
tween your husband and myself
AS he mastered first German,
tiger."
should not be reason for my children
then English, Michelson rose to
Michelson does not laugh.
to starve or walk barefoot in the
prominence once again as an engi-
But later he admits, "This year is
Moscow winter.
neer, earning 55 patents and writing
the best yet. The best."
Therefore I request that so long
dozens of books, articles and texts in
He has met with top State Do
as they are not permitted to join me,
Industrial design, while working for
partment officials.' gotten more
at least permit me to do what is not
firms like Gulf & Western and Ash-
press coverage, helped form a
only my right but my obligation
land OII. Today he is semi-retired,
Divided Spouses' Coalition, and now
under your law - that a father
consulting for one firm and licensing
the summit.
must help his children.
newly patented designs to supple-
The oldest newspaper clipping
Two weeks later the mail came
ment his retirement Income.
are yellow and crumbling now.
through.
But for 30 years, the largest
Thirty years have passed.
But when he got news, most If It
chunk of his Income has been spent
Yet again there is hope.
32
NATIONAL SECURITY COUNCIL
ID 8607806
REFERRAL
DATE: 30 OCT 86
MEMORANDUM FOR: DEPT OF STATE
DOCUMENT DESCRIPTION:
TO: PRESIDENT
SOURCE: MICHELSON, ANATOLY
DATE: 24 OCT 86
KEYWORDS: USSR
HUMAN RIGHTS
SHULTZ, G
MP
AP
SUBJ: LTR TO PRES FM MICHELSON REQUESTING APPT W/ PRES AND/ OR SCHULTZ
REQUIRED ACTION: DRAFT REPLY FOR WH SIG
DUEDATE: 06 NOV 86
COMMENTS:
FOR Rodney B. Daniel
EXECUTIVE SECRETARY
33
Anatoly Michelson 1700 Ben Franklin Drive Sarasota, FL 33577 (813) 388-1252
October 24, 1986
The President
The White House
Washington, D.C.
Dear Mr. President:
I am American, but my wife, daughter and grandson are forced
to stay in USSR. We are separated for 30 years!! As my
congressman, Connie Mack writes: "Three decades of this
family separation is one of the most cruel tragedy of modern
times."
Many members of Congress and private citizens petitioned you
to cause Soviets to free my family, as you did for Orlovs
and Scheransky. The copies of some such petitions are
enclosed as examples.
I was greatly encouraged by your letter of May 12, 1986 to
me, in which you wrote: "My administration will continue to
seek the release of your family through all possible means."
It seems that most effective, if not the only, way to cause
Soviets to release my family, is to include it in an
exchange of certain people between U.S. and USSR.
Unfortunately my family was not included in any of the
recent exchanges and, therefore, the indefinitely long
ordeal of my family continues.
As the Senator Paula Hawkins wrote to you in her letter of
June 10, 1986 (copy enclosed); "Your involvement in this
case will make the crucial difference in bringing this
tragedy to an end."
To achieve the freedom of my family, at last, I implore you
to grant me few minutes of your time for a brief meeting.
If that is impossible, would you, please, direct Secretary
of State to discuss this matter with me personally.
With hope and fate, I remain.
Most respectfully yours,
Anatoly Michelson
Enclosures
34
THE WHITE HOUSE
WASHINGTON
May 12, 1986
Dear Mr. Michelson:
Thank you for your letter of April 10. Admiral
Poindexter has informed me that you met with him
recently to discuss your case. I fully appre-
ciate the pain and anguish being felt by you and
your family.
Your situation represents one of the most tragic
family separations and constitutes a blatant
violation of human rights by the Soviet Union.
You know, over the years, we have repeatedly
raised your case with Soviet authorities at all
levels. To my considerable regret, SO far our
actions have not been met with success. Please
be assured that my Administration will continue
to seek the release of your family through all
possible means.
God bless you.
Sincerely,
Ronald Rengan
Mr. Anatoly Michelson
1700 Ben Franklin Drive
Sarasota, Florida 33577
35
93105290005
CONNIE MACK
I I
13th DISTRICT -
see CAMPS -
WASHINGTON X 20$,
COMMITTEE ON THE susseme
(202) 229-2930
COMMITTEE ON FOREIGN APPAIRENT
Congress of the United States
BISTRICT CIS
Goosse -
House of Representatives
Februar -
Sure 108
FORT were " 1390'
Washington, DC 20515
10:30 334-4424
:
2018 3.4870 Dave
Swite 204
SAMADETA " 135'9
or 366-9482
March 14, 1986
The President
The White House
Washington, DC 20005
Dear Mr. President:
Knowing of your intense interest in the reunification of separated
Soviet-American families, we wish to convey our sincere hope that
you will be able to lend assistance to our efforts on behalf of
Anatoly Michelson, a naturalized American citizen who has been
separated from his Soviet family for thirty years.
Mr. Michelson left the Soviet Union in 1956, and has repeatedly
tried ever since to secure an emmigration visa for his wife
Galina, now 65 years old and legally blind. his daughter Olga, and
his grandson Anatoly, whom he has never seen. Unfortunately, the
Soviet authorities consider Michelson a traitor, and refuse to
issue visas to his family, even after thirty years. No other
Soviet-American family has been separated for so long.
we know that you deplore this situation, as we do. Repeated
efforts by the Michelson family, the U.S. Department of State, and
Members of Congress have met with a stubborn refusal on the part
of the Soviets. A= this point, only a review at the highest level
of Soviet government would seem = offer hope to the Michelsons.
we nose that you with be able = ca.se this issue at your next
meeting with Premier Gornachev.
Mr. President, we are grateful for any assistance that you can
render on behalf of the Michelsons.
If
Sincerely home possied
Panla Hawkin
Quine Mack
Sen.
Johnie Mack, M.C.
36
EDITORIAL
ROUTING 10-13-86
TO:
NEWS FOCUS
30 years apart
Family's ties were cut by USSR in '56
By Tom Tiede
several years. He says he sent letters
know they will be separated from
that were rejected by the govern-
their relations. perhaps forever.
WASHINGTON (NEA) An open
ment, packages that were returned by
Forever? Anatoly Michelson says
letter to Ronald Reagan:
the government, and when he directed
30 years can be forever. Thus, he con-
Dear Mr. President: Every now and
inquiries to the Soviet consul in Vien-
tinues, frantically. to do what he can
then there is a story in the newspa-
na he was either ignored or ridiculed.
to free his family. He has compiled
pers, or by the related mass media,
Then, in 1960, he says he arranged
scrapbooks of data, with which he
regarding an American resident who
to meet Nina Khrushchev, the wife of
makes entreaty upon entreaty: he has
is trying to get his family out of the
Soviet premier Nikita Khrushchev.
become a regular on Capitol Hill. for
Soviet Union. The resident IS usually a
She was traveling through Vienna. He
example, lobbying for official
defector or a refugee who. on depart-
says he told her who he was. and that
compassion.
ing the Russian nation. had to leave
he had many differences with her hus-
His wife lobbies as well. in Moscow
his family behind.
band. "but I didn't think that was any
Michelson says she may have lost the
The stories pick at the heart and the
glow of youth, over the decades. but
soul. They are sad on the one hand and
not that of determination. She has
infuriating on the other. The Ameri-
demonstrated several times in the So.
can residents want only to be reunited
viet streets, and has been subsequent
with their loved ones, a small enough
ly harassed, manhandled and interro-
request, but the Soviets refuse to let
gated by agents she describes as
go of the spouses, the children or
brutes.
whatever the case may be.
Yet through it all the couple has
With that in mind. I am writing to
gotten nowhere. Mr. President That
bring to your attention another of
why Michelson has asked me to ap-
these stories. Perhaps the most sad
peal to you directly. He believes that
and infuriating of them all Anatoly
your personal involvement may be his
Michelson. a naturalized American
last real hope. The Soviets do release
living in Florida. has been trying to
families from time to time and he
get his wife and daughter out of the
would very much like his to be next
USSR for 30 years. Repeat: 30 years.
He says you might refer to the CIT-
He has pleaded with the Soviet au-
cumstances on your one of your week.
thorities. He has enlisted the aid of
ly radio broadcasts or mention the
U.S. officials. But to no good end. Now
reason to keep my wite and child
subject in contacts with the Soviet
he's come to believe. after all this
from me."
leadership. You might also instruct
time, there is only one person left who
She may or may not have agreed. In
the State Department that 30 years
can help him end the separation;
any event. Michelson was thereafter
long enough. in fact it IS terrible tor
that's you. of course. hence the motive
allowed to at least communicate with
ture. and the separation must end
for this letter.
his family The letters and packages
soon as possible.
I say again: 30 years. Michelson
were delivered. photographs were ex-
Michelson is 67 now his wife
notes that his ordeal began in 1956. He
changed. Michelson could even send
but they assure you their need for
was a prominent Russian engineer at
gifts of money. and he began to talk
each other has not been dimmed be
the time. and a member of the Com-
occasionally with his wife by
time. This year he sent her a second
munist Party. But he explains that he
telephone.
wedding ring. and she received it
became disenchanted with socialism.
Still the Russians would not let the
a bride. He has not forgotten. she has
So, on a visit to Vienna, he asked for
wife and daughter emigrate. And they
not forgotten. and, with White House
asylum at the U.S. Embassy.
have never given a reason for the de-
help. they may yet be together again
He says he knew the Russians
cision. Michelson claims he was not
c) 1986. NEWSPAPER ENTERPRISE ASSS
would be embittered. But he did not
an important defector. in the sense he
CIATION, 200 Park Ave., New York, NY 10166 (800) 221-4816
ited except by permission of Newspaper Enterprise Assn Printed in U.S.A.
think they would take the anger out on
was a major embarrassment: but he
his family. Josef Stalin was dead, af-
believes the Soviets have acted purely
ter all. The country had relaxed some-
out of a compulsion for revenge.
what. He was sure that his wife. Ga-
Some people in your State Depart-
lina. and his daughter. Olga, would be
ment agree, Mr. President. They also
Tom Tiede
given permission to join him in the
say the Soviet purpose in these affairs
West.
is to instill fear and create a domestic
They weren't. Indeed. Michelson
deterrent. The Russians believe peo-
says he lost all contact with them for
ple will be less likely to defect if they
The President of the United States
The White He e
Washington, D.C. 20500
May 1986
Dear Mr. President:
We, the undersigned citizens of this great country, together with
you, cherish highly our freedom and the sanctity of the family institution.
However, one of our fellow American families is very brutally deprived
for 30 long years from freedom, basic human rights and the family unity.
For 30 years, the Soviet Government forcibly has kept Mr. Anatoly Michelson's
family in the USSR, forbidding his wife Galina, daughter Olga, and grandson
to join him in this country.
Recently, Galina Michelson pleaded with the American Nation on public
television to help her to join her husband in the United States. The State
Department has voluminous files on this family from which you can obtain
all additional information.
As newspapers and television reports indicate, Anatoly is a very
productive engineer, has 52 patents on industrial inventions and has greatly
contributed to the United States economy and freedom loving traditions.
We most respectfully urge you to initiate any effective action that will
induce the Soviets to Itlease the Michelson family now.
Being L cheir upper 60's and of poor health, the Michelson's do not have
anymore time : ) wait much longer.
In 11) years, the State Department proved that it cannot solve this problem
without Presidential intervention. Only you have the power and authority to
end the absolutely needless and horrible suffering of this one American's
family.
May God help YOU in this noble endeavour.
Most Respectfully:
Pimila .5' is Have
355 Patterson live Osprog,
John
355 Patterson rive Ospney FL
2416 Proplector in
Your
Gratem soicin
1700 BEN FRANKLIN Dn. SARASOTA FLA
Buesh
1900 Gene tranklusse Invanoth,
aa Squires from
4051 Benit T.Ke Blid Serenta
Signatures follow on next pages
PAULA HAWKINS
38
FLORIDA
Anited States Senate
WASHINGTON, DC 20510
June 10, 1986
The President
The White House
Washington, D.C. 20500
Dear Mr. President:
Enclosed is a petition signed by a number of my constituents in
Florida expressing their concern about the plight of Anatoly
Michelson. Mr. Michelson is one of the unfortunate Americans who
is separated from his family by the government of the Soviet
Union. Mr. Michelson's wife Galina, daughter Olga, and grandson
have been refused permission to leave the Soviet Union. This
family 1s the longest of the separated family cases still left
unresolved. This week marks thirty years that Mr. Michelson has
been separated from his family. I believe that as an aspect of
our policy for improving the respect for human rights in the
Soviet Union that the Michelson case stands as an example of why
further efforts must be made to improve the human rights record
of the Soviet government.
Mr. President, 0.2 behalf the friends and neighbors of Anatoly
Michelson, I request that this case be given special attention.
...
know that recently there has been progress in bringing some of
these separated families together. Since Mr. Michelson's case has
been unresolved for thirty years, T hope that the maximum effort
will be made to reunite him with his family. I am sure that your
involvement in this case will make the critical difference in
bringing this tragedy to an end. Thank you for your consideration
of this matter.
Sincerely,
Paula Hawkins
United States Senator
PH/hbs
Enclosure
39
News from Senator
BOB DOLE
(R - Kansas)
SH 141 Hart Building, Washington, D.C. 20510
FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE
CONTACT: WALT RIKER, DALE TATE
TUESDAY, JUNE 10, 1986
(202) 224-3135
STATEMENT OF SENATE MAJORITY LEADER BOB DOLE
ANATOL MICHELSON: THE TRAGEDY OF THE DIVIDED spouses
TOMORROW AT 11:00 AM, AT THE EMBASSY OF THE SOVIET
UNION, A FINE MAN WILL SHOW HIS LOVE AND COMMITMENT TO A
WIFE AND DAUGHTER HE HAS NOT SEEN IN THREE DECADES.
THIRTY YEARS AGO THAT MAN, ANATOL MICHELSON, FLED THE
SOVIET UNION IN SEARCH OF FREEDOM. A PROMINENT SCIENTIST
AND INVENTOR, MICHELSON -- LIKE so MANY OTHER CREATIVE
PEOPLE OVER THE YEARS -- FOUND HE COULD NO LONGER TOLERATE
THE OPPRESSION AND INTELLECTUAL STERILITY OF THE SOVIET
STATE. TO SURVIVE, HE HAD TO BE FREE.
WHILE ON A TRIP TO WESTERN EUROPE, HE DECIDED TO REMAIN
IN THE WEST, WHERE HE COULD BREATHE THE FRESH AIR OF LIBERTY
AND CONTRIBUTE TO MANKIND IN A WAY COMMENSURATE WITH HIS
VAST TALENTS.
NOT SURPRISINGLY, THE SOVIET STATE RESPONDED TO THIS
BRAVE MAN'S DESIRE TO BE FREE IN THE MANNER CALCULATED TO
HURT HIM THE MOST. IT DENIED TO HIS WIFE AND CHILD THEIR
RIGHT TO JOIN HIM IN THE WEST, AS THEY WANTED. THEIR
REFUSAL HAS PERSISTED FOR 30 YEARS, THROUGH COLD WAR AND
DETENTE.
MEANWHILE, ANATOL SOUGHT TO BUILD A LIFE FOR HIMSELF.
HE CAME TO THE UNITED STATES IN 1963 AND ESTABLISHED HIS
HOME HERE. HE BECAME AN AMERICAN CITIZEN, EVENTUALLY
SETTLING NEAR SARASOTA, FLORIDA, WHERE HE CONTINUES TO MAKE
HIS HOME. HIS TALENTS MADE HIM A PROMINENT MEMBER OF OUR
SCIENTIFIC COMMUNITY, AND HE COUNTS AMONG HIS MANY
ACCOMPLISHMENTS MORE THAN 20 PATENTS.
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