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Issue Papers - Mental Hygiene [re: closing State Mental Hospitals] (2 of 3)
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Issue Papers - Mental Hygiene [re: closing State Mental Hospitals] (2 of 3)
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Ronald Reagan Presidential Library Digital Library Collections This is a PDF of a folder from our textual collections. Collection: Reagan, Ronald: Gubernatorial Papers, 1966-74: Press Unit Folder Title: Issue Papers - Mental Hygiene [re: closing State Mental Hospitals] (2 of 3) Box: P31 To see more digitized collections visit: https://reaganlibrary.gov/archives/digital-library To see all Ronald Reagan Presidential Library inventories visit: https://reaganlibrary.gov/document-collection Contact a reference archivist at: [email protected] Citation Guidelines: https://reaganlibrary.gov/citing National Archives Catalogue: https://catalog.archives.gov/ Department of Mental Hygiene March 20, 1968 PART I COPIES OF SOME NEWSPAPER ARTICLES ABOUT THE ANNOUNCEMENTS OF THE NEW STAFFING STANDARDS AND THE GOVERNOR'S 14-POINT PROGRAM. THESE ARE REPRESENTATIVE OF THE COVERAGE RECEIVED THROUGHOUT THE STATE, MOST WERE ON PAGE 1. PART 11 EDITORIAL COMMENT PART III COMMENTS BY HOSPITAL TRUSTEES PART IV COMMENTS BY PSYCHIATRIC SOCIETIES PART V COMMENTS BY CITIZEN ORGANIZATIONS PART VI COMMENTS BY HOSPITAL STAFF # - PART I Newspaper Articles on Announcements THE SACRAMENTO BEE Friday, February 23, 1968 Adopted 'In Principle' Mental Hospitals Staffing Rules Win Reagan's OK The adoption "in principle" of obsolete in the light of medical cause one of the hospitals is lo- staffing standards for state men- progress and particularly be- cated in his home town of Mo- tal hospitals set last year by cause of the increased empha- desto, said he is "encouraged" the California Commission on sis on local treatment of the by the governor's announcement. Staffing Standards was an- mentally ill," Reagan said. However, he tempered his en- nounced today by Gov. Ronald "We will begin putting these couragement with the comment: Reagan. new standards into effect par- "I believe that to reach the ac- James Shumway, assistant to tially with funds saved by econ- cepted standards would re- Spencer Williams, secretary of omies in the department." quire an over-all increase of ap- h u m a n relations, said the Significant Gain proximately 35 per cent in the standards represent a "goal to "All mental hygiene organiza- number of personnel. work for" and will take consid- tions and persons knowledge- "Therefore, we have a ques- erable time for full implementa- able in the field of mental hy- tion not only of finding the ade- tion. He stated the standards giene have enthusiastically sup- quate finances but also of finding call for increasing the ratio of ported the n e W standards," the people to fill these additional staff to patients and will mean Shumway said. "Adoption of the positions." the employing of more people. standards in principle repre- Staffing Problem The standards were proposed sents one of the most signifi- Last February the special in February 1967 by the com- cant forward steps in the treat- commission studying the state mission, which was created by ment of the mentally ill and hospital staffing standards re- the legislature to make a study. mentally retarded of any state. ported a lack of adequate pro- It included work by Aerojet- "Furthermore, when imple- fessional help was handicapping General Corp., the California mented, the standards, based on the treatment of mental pa- Medical Association and others. the availability of personnel and tients. In Phases facilities, will enable the Depart- The commission, headed by Implementation of the stan- ment of Mental Hygiene to better Dr. Stuart Knox of Los An- dards, the governor said, would understand what each individual geles, represented the California be carried out in phases con- patient needs. They also will en- Medical Association. sistent with sound hospital and able us to treat the hard-core It called for junking the pres- management practices. mentally ill who will always ent ratio system and said hos- He stated he has instructed need hospitalization. It will be a pitals should use "a flexible Spencer Williams and Dr. James long-term program. It cannot be system to permit staffing based V. Lowry, director of mental done overnight." on patient needs to allow pro- hygiene, to set up a timetable Williams and Dr. Lowry were fessional disciplines to be used for putting the standards into not available for comment. interchangeably and to permit effect. Assemblyman John G. Vene- particular services or time al- "The existing standards should man, R-Stanislaus County, who lowances to be readily subtract- be replaced by the new stan- has followed the mental hospital ed, added, adjusted or elim- dards because they have become staffing standards closely be- inated." Dr. Cook called the new pro- Reagan Plans gram a "very good step forward at least to set a standard, but predicted it would "probably be quite some time" before it was fully implemented. Gov. Reagan in his announce- ment said implementation would Changes be conducted in phases based on a timetable to be determined by Human Relations Secretary Spencer Williams and Depart- ment of Mental Health Director At State Hospi James Lowry. He also acknowledged that "in the light of medical progress and particularly because of the r increased emphasis on local treatment of the mentally ill." ) The new Reagan program also New Staffing Ratio The Reagan spending mea- includes plans to increase the sure for the next fiscal year also increased the Department space per patient ratio from OK'd 'In Principle' of Mental Health allocation $6.9 55 to 70 sq. ft. to conform with national standards. million to $224 million. According to Dr. Butler, that By PETER GOLIS According to Dr. George But- Dr. Butler predicted that the would require a decrease of Major revisions in California's ler, associate superintendent at new thrust would be geared 1,000 patients at Eldridge if massive program for the men- Eldridge, "over 400" additional "primarily toward keeping the present space was to be accom- tally retarded and mentally ill medical staff members would staff rather than laying them modated. appear to promise significant be placed on the payroll if the off as the patient load de- He also noted that that po- improvement for patient - staff recommendations were to be creased." tential 1,000 patient cut would ratios at the state's 11 mental implerzented immediately for He expected no increase in bring the staff size into agree- institutions - and especially the present patient load. the staff's size - only in the ment with the new staffing pat- at Sonoma State Hospital in The hospital for the retarded staff-patient ratio. tern. Eldridge. However. administrators at Dr. Cook said a reduction of But the timing on the changes presently has some 1,400 nurses, both state hospitals in the Red- only 140, however, would meet S not been revealed, and may psychiatric technicians, physi- wood Empire expressed satis- the new ratio for the Talmadge not occur soon. cians, social workers, and psy- faction with the new proposals hospital for the mentally ill. Gov. Ronald Reagan yester- chologists earing for its 3.400 in the aftermath of a year of And, Dr. Klatte, said, "be- day disclosed the principal fea- patients. controversy. cause of decreasing populations, tures of the re-tooling, which he There are close to 2,000 em- It began last May with the most hospital are already at the called a "comprehensive pro- ployes in total. governor's highly publicized job 70-foot factor." gram aimed at continued im- However, Gov. Reagan said cuts in the system. and climaxed Other key features of the new provement in the level of care." that the changes would be com- in October when a Danish of- program are: 1 pleted "in phases consistent with ficial lambasted the level of 1 --Establishment of two ad- It includes "adoption in prin- cipal" of staffing standards sound hospital and management care at Sonoma State Hospital. ditional mental retardation cen- recommended last year by the practices. Dr. Ernest W. Klatte, super- ters. Their locations were not California Commision on Hos- Undoubtedly, that also means intendent and medical director disclosed in the report. t pital Standards. implementation as money be- at Mendocino State Hospital at -A determination of which comes available for development Talmadge, said he was "quite hospital facilities should be The system is presently op- of new programs at other hos- pleased" with the governor's y phased out or eliminated ac- erating on a set of staffing pitals as well as at the local action, but said he was not cording to basic changes in the standards enacted in 1952. level. patient load because of greater sure how MSH fell in line with a That formula has long been With the concurrence of medi- emphasis on local care a n d the 1967 commission standards. 1, treatment. the target of criticism from cal experts, the governor said He did say, however, that on d as early as last year that small- -Gradual elimination of out- state staff people and adminis- an average the state hospitals trators, and medical groups, er and localized centers were dated functions such as farming were within 80 per cent of the public and private, who believe the financial and medical so- operations at some hospitals. new recommendation. 7: it is totally out of date. lution to the overburdened hos- Mendocino State Hospital re- pitals. The Mendocino hospital for i, cently acquired the Napa State Many have even said that it the mentally ill has about 1.650 n Increases Hospital dairy, and also culti- was inadequate when it was patients. and 650 medical staff L- established in 1952. Some $29.4 million - an in- vates a few acres of orchards. members according to the as- i- crease of $4.6 million - is in- Sonoma State Hospital also Most likely to benefit from the new employe pattern pro- cluded in his budget this year sociate superintendent, Dr. W. operates a dairy, although its S. Cook r for state aid to local mental hog ranch was phased out in posal is Sonoma State Hospital, Its patient load includes sev- e health programs under the July, as were its chicken ranch the largest mental institution eral specialized programs for d the western United States, Short-Doyle Act. and orchards eight years ago. alcoholics, drug addicts. geri- h -Creation of a board of medi- which already has a payroll of atric patients. and juveniles. t, cal visitors for each hospital more than S1 million monthly. h for continued review, and cre- SANTA ROSA PRESS DEMOCRAT ation of an advisory committee February 25, 1968 to the governor on mental health. -Inspection of hospital by the department of general services to insure proper maintenanen Efficiency Discussed A number of the points in the program had to do Los Angeles Times SUN., FEB. 25, 1968. with improving the effi- ciency of operation of For more than a year, mental state hospitals. Reagan Outlines health leaders have been charging Spencer Williams, state that Reagan's actions in that field health and welfare admi- have done more to destroy than nistrator, was instructed improve the state's reputation in to determine why there 14-Point Program mental illness treatment. are "major quality varian- Questioned Saturday, some leaders ces among the mental interpreted the two announcements hospitals and to find out within two days as indications that why some are not operat- for Mental Health the governor "may be beginning to ed as well or as efficiently see the light." as they should be." He also called for action BY HARRY NELSON Presidential Ploy Feared aimed at determining at Times Medical Editor There was still considerable skep- the earliest date "what Gov. Reagan Saturday announced ticism, however. Some felt he may hospital facilities should be seeming to warm up to mental be phased out or eliminat- a 14-point program aimed at tighten- health only because the bad publici- ed in the light of basic ing up the efficiency and quality of ty he has been getting could harm changes in the patient care at state mental hospitals. his chances for the Presidency. load because of greater His announcement came as a The consensus seemed to be: emphasis on local care and surprise to mental health authori- "Let's wait and see what happens treatment." ties. next. If he backs up his support with Another goal is to eli- Among the key points in the more money, perhaps we can begin minate outdated functions, program are establishment of two to believe he has really had a change such as farming opera- new mental retardation regional of mind." tions at some of the hospi- One of Reagan's 14 new recom- tals. centers, plans to phase out certain hospital facilities and services and a mendations was "a reevaluation of The practice of perform- restatement of the importance and the budget for mental health in the ing surgery at some of the desirability of local care and treat- Please Turn to Page 15, Col. 1 hospitals, particularly those where better treat- ment. ment for the patients can Reagan last summer vetoed a bill be obtained nearby at less that would have created two new Continued from First Page cost, also will be phased mental retardation regional centers. out. At that time he said he favored them light of the most up-to-date but lacked the funds. information available, Surveys Backed Observers noted Saturday that the based on need as well as Reagan said that stan- proposed 1968-69 budget contains no dards requiring 70 square resources available," ac- provision for the two regional feet of space per patient centers. cording to the announce- bed will be immediately Announcement of the program ment. established. (Actually, this came immediately after an an- Another recommenda- order has already gone nouncement Friday that his Admi- tion emphasized the impor- into effect.) For the past nistration has approved in principle 30 years, the state stan- new staffing standards aimed at tance of local programs, in dard has been less than 55 upgrading the quality of care in the contrast with state hospi- square feet per bed. state's 14 hospitals. tals, for the treatment of He also called for Old Criteria Replaced the mentally ill and re- streamlining of adminis- trative functions and crea- The new standards, which presu- tarded. He reendorsed a tion of a board of medical mably are in effect now, junk recommendation original- the obsolete 1952 standards which ly made last May which have long been an object of criti- called for the kind of cism. The new standards were recommended a year ago by a treatment that will keep special commission. children patients in school Mental health and mental retard- and adults at home and on ation leaders applauded Reagan's the qob, whenever possi- decision to adopt the new standards. The commission found that the ble, rather than "ware- overall deficit of help was 32% in housed" in state hospitals. hospitals for the mentally ill and The governor said these 38% for the retarded. goals have been acclaimed "It is apparent that if California is by leaders in the mental to remain in the forefront among the health field. states in its treatment of the mentally ill, continued efforts must be made to stay abreast of new methods and changing standards," the governor said after release of the 14-point program. CONTINUED LA Times 2-25-68 Reagan Outlines Plan to Improve Hospitals visitors for each state mental hospital to insure surveys and inspections of hospital buildings by the state's share of the Short- year-coupled with great- moving forward with a Department of General Doyle Act budget. This is er emphasis on local treat- positive and progressive Services. (Poor mainten- the program that helps ment financed in large plan-one which expands ance has been a major support community men- measure by the state-will and further implements complaint of hospital per- tal health programs, with now permit us to devote the concept of local care sonnel.) 25% of the aid coming more of our resources for for the mentally ill wher- He also plans to set up from the counties. the more difficult cases ever possible. an advisory committee to "Many of the problems "Under this program," remaining in our hospi- of our mental hospitals, the governor on mental Reagan said, referring to tals. permitted to grow in se- health. There were no his 14 points, "we will be ."We cannot be satisfied riousness over the years, details as to who would be able to proceed on a solid with outmoded programs. are now catching up with on the committee. basis for even more im- Rather, we must continue us," Reagan said. I Reagan renewed instruc- provements in the pro- tions to Dr. James Lowry, grams at our mental hospi- director of the Depart- tals-improvements in si- ment of Mental Hygiene, tuations that have needed that he still has "complete improving for years. discretion in maintaining "We have always known the staffing requirements that problems in our men- and levels of care of tal hospitals go beyond patients." mere budgetary factors. This was interpreted by Many of the economies we some observers as mean- have achieved over the past ing that there probably will be no further layoffs of state hospital personnel. In the past year, since Reagan announced his mental hygiene cutbacks, the department has lost 2,200 employe positions. Percentage Declines A department spokes- man said the hospitals for the mentally ill are at 79% of the nursing standard as recommended by the 1967 California Commission on Staffing Standards. By last July the nursing level had dropped to approxi- mately 75% after having been at 81% when the commission made its re- commendations. Experts estimate that the level of nursing care would be at least 90% by now if the cutbacks or- dered by Reagan last year had not occurred. This is because the hospital popu- lation has dropped approx- imately 3,300 in the past year to 19,779 patients. Earlier this month, Rea- gan announced that his 1968-69 budget includes a $4.6 million increase in the Reagan unveils program for state mental hospitals SACRAMENTO (UPD - Gov. Ronald Reagan disclosed yesterday details of what he called "a comprehensive pro- RIVERSIDE ENTERPRISE gram aimed at continued improvement 2-25-68 in the level of care for patients at state hospitals for the mentally ill." One of the principal features of the program was announced earlier. This was "adoption in principal" of new staffing standards recommended last year by the California Commission on Hospital Standards. "Implementation of these stand- ards will be in phases consistent with sound hospital and management prac- tices," the governor's report said. Some of the key features of the program are: SAN RAFAEL I NDEPENDENT-JOURNAL Establishment of two addition- al mental retardation centers. Their lo- 2-26-68 cation was not disclosed in the report. A determination of which hos- pital facilities should be phased out or eliminated according to basic changes Reagan Eases Funding in the patient load because of greater emphasis on local care and treatment. Gradual elimination of out-dat- Ax On Mental Health ed functions such as farming opera- tions at some of the hospitals. SACRAMENTO (AP) - A Increasing from 55 to 70 major reform of California's year. he vetood a proposal for three similar centers. square feet the standard for space per programs for treating the men- patient bed to conform with nationally tally ill has been announced by Reagan explained the major accepted standards. Gov. Ronald Reagan. overhaul "must be made to stay Creating a board of medical abreast of new methods and The plan, announced yester- visitors for each state mental hospital changing standards. We intend day. includes many recommend- for continued review and creation of to keep moving forward with ations of volunteer mental health the emphasis on modern. local an advisory committee to the governor groups, professionals in the field on mental health. treatment so that the mentally and doctors. It came just as the Inspection of hospitals by the ill can resume their role as use- California Medical Association ful and productive citizens." department of general services to in- was putting the final touches on Most of the efforts will con- sure their proper maintenance. its own study of treatment for "Many of the problems of our centrate on the 20,000 residents the mentally ill. mental hospitals permitted to grow in of hospitals for the mentally seriousness over the years are now Reagan's holddown on spend- ill - those who usually can be catching up with us," Reagan said. ing for the mentally ill last returned to lead a reasonably year and proposed continuation normal life in society. This has "The time is long overdue for action of it in the coming fiscal year been the chief target of the designed to stop the warehousing of the mentally ill. We must concentrate has provoked one of the most governor's economy program. on helping them lead productive vigorous battles of his adminis- He also proposed, however, lives." tration. Since many of the plans additional aid for the 13,500 men- The governor said under his pro- announced over the weekend tally retarded - those who need gram "we will be able to proceed on a will carry a substantial cost, it hospitalization and close super- solid basis for even more improve- appeared the administration vision. Reagan's cost-cutting was relaxing its economies in campaign has not been aimed ments in situations that have needed the mental health area. at this group. improving at our mental hospitals." "We have always known that prob- For instance, the proposal lems in our mental hospitals go beyond calls for establishment of two mere budgetary factors," he added. new regional centers to treat the mentally disturbed. Last Feb. 28, 1968 tried to say this in the face of Reagan Says No New Funds screaming and wailing going on but nobody seemed to want Seen for Mental Hospitals to listen." Reagan added "now maybe they'll find out the sky wasn't SACRAMENTO (AP) - Gov. said he would establish two falling in after all." Reagan said yesterday he will more regional centers for the He did not specifically say not add any money to his 1968-69 mentally disturbed. how his reforms would be fi- budget for his major mental Yesterday, he said his budget nanced. health reform program. is adequate to pay for the new His program was an extensive "I don't think it's necessary," program. even though the spend- one, announced just as the Cal- he told his news conference. ing program continues some inornia Medical Association was cutbacks in personnel at hospi- putting the final touches on its Sunday, the governor, under tals for the mentally ill. own mental health study. fire for his mental health bud- Reagan conceded that putting He proposed increased in- get cutbacks of 1967, announced new staffing standards into ef- spection of mental hospital fa- he would overhaul mental fect will be a "long and dif- cilities; an early decision on eli- health care. ficult" job. minating unneeded hospitals; But he said the reforms were cutting out farming and other He junked old staffing stand- his answer to those who criti- hospital industries he considers ards criticized by mental health cized his economies. He declared outdated: cutting down the num- groups as not permitting enough he had always said the cutbacks ber of beds in wards, and possi- staff for proper care. And he were only temporary, and "Ebly increasing hospital staffs. Riverside Enterprise 2-24-68 State adopts new staffing rules at mental hospitals SACRAMENTO (UPD) - Gov. Rea- conducted in phases based on a timeta- gan said yesterday the state has aban- ble to be determined by Human Rela- doned patient-staff ratio staffing stand- tions Secretary Spencer Williams and ards at mental hospitals and adopted department director James Lowry. new standards set by a special com- He called the current standards mission. adopted in 1952 obsolete "in the light The new standards are based on of medical progress and particularly how much care an individual patient because of the increased emphasis on needs as measured by the time neces- local treatment of the mentally ill." sary for his care and treatment, a De- The spokesman said an aerospace partment of Mental Hygiene spokes- firm used computers to help determine man said. the nursing time actually needed for Reagan, whose cutbacks in funds patient care. The existing staffing for mental hygiene stirred a bitter con- standards are based on the number of troversy last year, said implementa- patients to number of hospital staff tion of the new standards would be members. State Adopts Bellflower, Standards for Vallejo Times Herald Herald-American 2-25-68 2-29-68 Mentally III La Mirada Governor Ronald Reagan Improved Herald-American announced the administration has adopted in principle the Downey, Pico staffing standards for state Rivera mental hospitals set in 1967 Program by the California Commission Heald-American on Staffing standards. Implementation of the For Care North Long standards, the governor said, Beach would be carried out in pha- SACRAMENTO (AP) - Gov. Herald- ses consistent with sound hos- Reagan's administration said American pital and management prac- Saturday it has drawn up a new tices. program for improved mental Governor Reagan said he health care, including possible has instructed Spencer Wil- elimination of some hospital fa- cilities. liams, secretary of human re- lations, and Dr. James Low- The program included Rea- ry, director of the depart- gan's announcement Friday that ment of mental hygiene, to his administration will adopt "in set up 3. timetable for putting principle" the standards calling for more staff members to care the standards into effect. for mental hospital patients. The governor said the 1952 State officials said the cost of standards should be replaced the improvements and the num- by the new standards because ber of new employes needed they have become obsolete in could not be determined im- the light of medical progress mediately. and particularly because of Last year Reagan announced the increased emphasis on lo- cutbacks of 2,800 jobs in state cal treatment of the mental- mental hospitals. He said im- ly ill. proved treatment and increas- "We will begin putting these ing local care for mental pa- new standards into effect par- tients reduced the need for state tially with funds saved by hospital staff. economies in the department," 2 NEW CENTERS the governor said. The governor's new program includes two new mental retar- dation centers, surveys of each mental hospital and "action aimed at determining at the Reagan OKs More earliest date what hospital fa- cilities should be phased out or Pasadena eliminated in the light of basic Star News Hospital Employes changes in the patient load be- 2-24-68 cause of greater emphasis on local care and treatment." SACRAMENTO (AP) - An increase in the num- The governor's report Friday ber of state mental hospital workers per patient has said the "obsolete 1952 standards been proposed by Gov. Reagan, who last year for staffing hospitals for the slashed their staffs in a controversial economy mentally ill" would be eliminat- move. ed in favor of standards advo- A statement from Reagan's office said the ad- cated in 1967 by the California Commission on Staffing Stand- ministration has "adopted in principle," guidelines ards. set last year by the California Commission on Staff- A representative of the Cali- ing Standard. fornia Association for Mental However, neither the number of employes to be Health called the adoption of the restored nor the cost of the additions were revealed new standards "a critical step forward to providing adequate as Reagan administration prepared a comprehen- care and treatment for a large sive program for improving mental hospital care. segment" of the mental ill. "There will be an increase in the number of staff The association had criticized people per patient," said an aide to Spencer Wil- Reagan's staff cutbacks last liams, secretary for human relations. The aide add- year. But the group had no im- ed that the program wouldn't go into effect until the mediate comment on the gover- fiscal year starting July 1 as it will need legislative nor's full program for mental approval. health care. Major Reforms Urged Reagan Plan In Treating Mentally Unveiled for SACRAMENTO (AP) - A Reagan's holddown on spend- Mentally III major reform of California's ing for the mentally ill last programs for treating the men- year and proposed continuation Governor Reagan disclosed tally ill has been announced by of it in the coming fiscal year Saturday details of what he Gov. Reagan. has provoked one of the most called "a comprehensive pro- The plan, announced Sunday, vigorous battles of his adminis- gram aimed at continued im- includes many recommendations tration. Since many of the plans provement in the level of care of volunteer mental health announced over the weekend for patients at state hospitals groups, professionals in the field will carry a substantial cost, it for the mentally ill" and doctors. It came just as the appeared the administration California Medical Association was relaxing its economies in One of the principal features was putting the final touches on the mental health area. of the program was "adoption its own study of treatment for For instance, the proposal in principal" of new staffing the mentally ill. calls for establishment of two standards recommended last new regional centers to treat year by the California Commis- the mentally disturbed. Last sion on Hospital Standards. year, he vetoed a proposal for Some of the key features of three similar centers. the program are: BURBANK REVIEW Reagan explained the major -Establishment of two addi- overhaul "must be made to stay 2-26-68 abreast of new methods anc tional metal retardation centers. changing standards. We intend -A determination of which to keep moving forward with hospital facilities should be the emphasis on modern, loca phased out or eliminated ac- treatment SO that the mentally cording to basic changes in the $ ill can resume their role as use- patient load because of greater ful and productive citizens." emphasis on local care and Most of the efforts will con- treatment. centrate on the 20,000 residents -Gradual elimination of out- of hospitals for the mentally dated functions such as farming ill - those who usually can be at some hospitals. returned to lead a reasonably -Increasing from 55 to 70 normal life in society. This has square feet the standard for been the chief target of the space per patient bed. governor's economy program. -Creating a board of medi- cal visitors for each state men- tal hospital for continued re- view and creation of an advi- sory committee to the governor on mental health. -Inspection of hospitals by the Department of General Services to insure proper main- tenance. SACRAMENTO UNION 2-25-68 SAN MATEO TIMES & NEWS LEADER 2-26-68 Major Reform in Program For Treating Mentally III SACRAMENTO (AP) **** A Most of the efforts will con- medical visitors for each state major reform of California's centrate on the 20,000 residents hospital to keep an eye on day- programs for treating the men- of hospitals for the mentally to-day operations. tally ill has been announced by Gov. Reagan. ill - those who usually can be Other Features The plan, announced Sunday, returned to lead a reasonably Other major features of the plan: includes many recommendations normal life in society. This has of volunteer mental health - Increased inspection of hos- been the chief target of the groups, professionals in the field pital facilities by the state. governor's economy program. and doctors. It came just as the - Orders to state officials to California Medical Association He also proposed, however, find out why the quality of care was putting the final touches on additional aid for the 13,500 men- varies among the 14 hospitals. its own study of treatment for tally retarded - those who need - Early determination of the mentally ill. hospitalization and close super- which hospitals can be eventual- Reagan's holddown on spend- vision. Reagan's cost-cutting ly eliminated as the emphasis ing for the mentally ill last campaign has not been aimed on local treatment increases. year and proposed continuation at this group. - Eliminating outdated prac- of it in the coming fiscal year The governor noted his econo- tices at some hospitals, such as has provoked one of the most my drive of the last year, and uneconomic farming operations. vigorous battles of his adminis- said savings from it "will now - Phasing out of surgical tration. Since many of the plans permit us to devote more of our facilities at some hospitals. announced over the weekend resources for the more difficult - Revision of the standards will carry a substantial cost, it cases remaining in our hospi- on square feet of space per bed. appeared the administration tals that were developed in 1952 The state standard has been was relaxing its economies in and have been criticized bitterly about 55 square feet for 30 the mental health area. by mental health groups. In- years. compared to the national- New Centers stead, Reagan said, the state ly desirable standard of 70 feet, For instance, the proposal will adopt "in principle" stand- which the state will seek to im- calls for establishment of two ards for care proposed in 1967 plement. new regional centers to treat by a blue-ribbon commission. - Adoption of clear, defined the mentally disturbed. Last Another chief demand, espe- goals for treating mentally dis- year, he vetoed a proposal for cially of volunteer groups who turbed persons. three similar centers. have relatives in the hospitals, - Permission to increase the Reagan explained the major also was granted by Reagan. hospital staffs if required to overhaul "must be made to stay This is creation of a board of avoid a drop in quality of care. abreast of new methods and changing standards. We intend to keep moving forward with the emphasis on modern, local treatment SO that the mentally ill can resume their role as use- ful and productive citizens." ESCONDIDO DAILY TIMES ADVOCATE 2-26-68 Mental hospitals' upgrading sought SACRAMENTO (UPI) - Gov. Creating a board of medical said. He said his comprehensive Ronald Reagan has drafted a visitors for each state hospital program is designed to reverse 14-point plan to increase the ef- that would review the facility's this downward drift. ficiency and upgrade the care operation, while also forming a "The time is long overdue for quality of the 14 state mental governor's advisory committee action designed to stop the hospitals. on mental health. warehousing of the mentally Two key points of the plan 0 Directing regular inspec- ill," he said. "We must concen- would establish two new mental tions by the Department of trate on helping them lead pro- retardation regional centers General Services to insure prop- ductive lives." while surveying the entire pro- er hospital maintenance. The governor also renewed his gram to determine which hos- "Many of the problems of our endorsement of the importance pitals can be phased out or mental hospitals permitted to of local programs for the treat- eliminated. grow over the years are now ment of the mentally ill over "It is apparent that if Cali- catching up with us," Reagan care in state hospitals. fornia is to remain in the fore- I front among states in its treat- ment of the mentally ill, contin- ued efforts must be made to stay abreast of new methods and changing standards, Rea- gan said in a prepared state- : ment. Although he proposed the two new regional centers, the gov- SAN JOSE MERCURY-NEWS ernor did not say where they March 3, 1968 would be located, nor has he di made a provision for them in y his proposed 1968-69 budget. Major Reform Last year Reagan vetoed a measure that would have estab- A major reform of programs for lished two centers. He said at treating the mentally ill was announced the time the state lacked the by Gov. Ronald Reagan just as the funds. California Medical Assn. was putting The governor's announcement the final touches on its own study of Saturday of the new 14 point treatment. program followed on the heels The state plan includes many recom- of Friday's announcement that mendations of volunteer mental health Reagan has approved new staf- groups, professionals in the field and fing standards for the hospi- doctors. tals. Reagan's economy drive for the The new regulations would mentally ill has provoked one of the repeal 1952 standards. They also are geared to upgrading the care quality. in state hospitals. most vigorous battles of his adminis- Some of the key points of the tration. Since many of the plans governor's new mental health announced last week will carry a program include: substantial cost, it appeared the O Gradual phasing out of cer- administration was relaxing its econ- tain work, such as farming, at omies in the mental health field. state facilities. The proposal calls for establishment 0 Increasing from 55 to 70 of two new regional centers to treat the square feet the area allocated mentally disturbed. Last year, he per patient to conform with na- vetoed a proposal for three similar tionally recognized standards. centers. Reagan explained the major overhaul "must be made to stay abreast of new methods and changing standards. We intend to keep moving forward with the emphasis on modern, local treatment SO that the mentally ill can resume their roles as useful and productive citi- " zens SAN BERNARDINO TELEGRAM 2-26-68 2 Regional Centers Proposed Gov. Reagan Apparently Relaxes Economies In Proposing Reform in Mental Health Care SACRAMENTO (AP) - A Reagan explained the major by mental health groups. In- about 55 square feet for : major reform of California's overhaul "must be made to stay stead, Reagan said, the state years, compared to the nationa programs for treating the men- abreast of new methods and will adopt "in principle" stand- ly desirable standard of 70 fee tally ill has been announced by changing standards. We intend ards for care proposed in 1967 which the state will seek to in Gov. Reagan. to keep moving forward with by a blue-ribbon commission. plement. The plan, announced Sunday, the emphasis on modern, local Another chief demand, espe- includes many recommendations cially of volunteer groups who - Adoption of clear, define treatment SO that the mentally of volunteer mental health ill can resume their role as use- have relatives in the hospitals, goals for treating mentally di groups, professionals in the field ful and productive citizens.' also was granted by Reagan. turbed persons. and doctors. It came just as the This is creation of a board of - Permission to increase U California Medical Association Most of the efforts will con- medical visitors for each state was putting the final touches on centrate on the 20,000 residents hospital staffs if required hospital to keep an eye on day- its own study of treatment for of hospitals for the mentally avoid a drop in quality of car to-day operations. the- mentally ill. ill - those who usually can be returned to lead a reasonably Other major features of the Reagan's holddown on spend- normal life in society. This has plan: ing for the mentally ill last been the chief target of the year and proposed continuation governor's economy program. - Increased inspection of hos- of it in the coming fiscal year pital facilities by the state. has provoked one of the most He also proposed, however, - Orders to state officials to vigorous battles of his adminis- additional aid for the 13,500 men- find out why the quality of care t tration. Since many of the plans tally retarded - those who need varies among the 14 hospitals. TM announced over the weekend hospitalization and close super- - Early determination of will carry a substantial cost, it vision. Reagan's cost-cutting which hospitals can be eventual- appeared the administration campaign has not been aimed ly eliminated as the emphasis was relaxing its economies in at this group. on local treatment increases. the mental health area. The governor noted his econo- - Eliminating outdated prac- my drive of the last year, and tices at some hospitals, such as For instance, the proposal said savings from it "will now uneconomic farming operations. calls for establishment of two permit us to devote more of our - Phasing out of surgical new regional centers to treat resources for the more difficult facilities at some hospitals. the mentally disturbed. Last cases remaining in our hospi- - Revision of the standards year, he vetoed a proposal for tals that were developed in 1952 on square feet of space per bed. three similar centers. and have been criticized bitterly The state standard has been CULVER CITY STAR NEWS 2-26-68 Reagan plans reform of mental health care SACRAMENTO (AP) - A treatment SO that the mentally to-day operations. major reform of California's ill can resume their role as use- Other major features of the programs for treating the men- ful and productive citizens." plan: tally ill has been announced by Most of the efforts will con- - Orders to state officials to Gov. Reagan. centrate on the 20,000 residents find out why the quality of care The plan, announced Sunday, of hospitals for the mentally varies among the 14 hospitals. includes many recommendations ill - those who usually can be - Early determination of of volunteer mental health returned to lead a reasonably which hospitals can be eventual- groups, professionals in the field normal life in society. This has ly eliminated as the emphasis and doctors. It came just as the been the chief target of the on local treatment increases. California Medical Association governor's economy program. was putting the final tou: ches on He also proposed, however, its own study of treatment for additional aid for the 13,500 men- the mentally ill. tally retarded - those who need Reagan's holddown on spend- hospitalization and close super- ing for the mentally ill last vision. Reagan's cost-cutting year and proposed continuation campaign has not been aimed of it in the coming fiscal year at this group. has provoked one of the most The governor noted his econo- vigorous battles of his adminis- my drive of the last year, and tration. Since many of the plans said savings from it "will now announced over the weekend permit us to devote more of our will carry a substantial cost, it resources for the more difficult appeared the administration cases remaining in our hospi- was relaxing its economies in tals that were developed in 1952 the mental health area. and have been criticized bitterly For instance, the proposal by mental health groups. In- calls for establishment of two stead, Reagan said, the state new regional centers to treat will adopt "in principle" stand- the mentally disturbed. Last ards for care proposed in 1967 year, he vetoed a proposal for by a blue-ribbon commission. three similar centers. Another chief demand, espe- Reagan explained the major cially of volunteer groups who overhaul "must be made to stay have relatives in the hospitals, abreast of new methods and also was granted by Reagan. changing standards. We intend This is creation of a board of to keep moving forward with medical visitors for each state the emphasis on modern, local hospital to keep an eye on day- 8 3L05 Singeles Times WED., FEB. 28, 1968-Part I 3 Reagan Says New Mental Health Plan Won't Hike Budget SACRAMENTO (A)-Gov. Reagan said Tuesday he will not add any money to his 1968-69 budget for his major mental health reform pro- gram. "I don't think it's necessary," he told his news conference. Sunday, the governor, under fire for his mental health budget cut- backs of 1967, announced he would overhaul mental health care. He junked old staffing standards criticized by mental health groups as not permitting enough staff for proper care. And he said he would establish two more regional centers for the mentally disturbed. Tuesday, he said his budget is adequate to pay for the new pro- gram, even though the spending program continues some cutbacks in personnel at hospitals for the men- tally ill. Reagan conceded that putting new staffing standards into effect will be a "long and difficult" job. Cutbacks Only Temporary But he said the reforms were his answer to those who criticized his economies. He declared he always had said the cutbacks were only temporary, and "I tried to say this in the face of screaming and wailing going on but nobody seemed to want to listen." Reagan added, "Now maybe they'll find out the sky wasn't falling in after all." He did not specifically say how his reforms would be financed. His program was an extensive one, announced just as the California Medical Assn. was putting the final touches on its own mental health study. He proposed increased inspection of mental hospital facilities; an early decision on eliminating unneeded hospitals; cutting out farming and other hospital industries he consi- ders outdated; cutting down the number of beds in wards; possibly increasing hospital staffs. An About-Face 58 San Francisco Chronicle Wed., Feb. 28, 1968 On Mental Health By Carolyn Anspacher Governor Ronald Rea- reactivation of an advisory gan, who last year committee on mental slashed $17.7 million health. from the budget of the He has also recommend- State Department of ed creation of a board of Mental Hygiene by elim- medical visitors for each inating 3700 jobs in Cal- State hospital to watch the ifornia's mental hospit- institutions' day-to-day op- als, has executed anoth- erations. er remarkable about- Other major features of face. his plan include: While, until a few weeks 0 Regular inspections by ago, he lauded the State's the Department of Special institutions for the mental- Services to insure proper ly ill and retarded as hospital maintenance. among the best in the Na- 0 Early determination of tion, he now has announced which hospitals ultimately a program of major re- can be eliminated through forms for the hospitals. increased emphasis on lo- The governor released cal treatment centers. his 14-point program on o Elimination of archaic Sunday, just hours before practices at some hospi- receiving a report on the tals, such as uneconomic State's mental institutions farming operations. from the California Medi- cal Association. The study, 0 The phasing out of sur- compiled by teams of spe- gical facilities at some hos- cialists who visited all the pitals. State hospitals for the men- 0 Increasing space per tally ill and retarded, re- patient from 55 square feet portedly is highly critical to 70 square feet - still of many of the institutions. well short of the 100 square The new Reagan propos- feet allotted to Army no- als embrace most of the cruits at Fort Ord. CMA's recommendations, o Permission to increase which have not yet been re- hospital staffs if necessary leased. to avoid a drop in the qual- The governor said he ity of care. was adopting, "in princi- Dr. Iriving Phillips, ple," new standards of spokesman for the State's care for the mentally ill psychiatric societies, said and retarded proposed last he was "pleased" with the year by a blue ribbon com- governor's 14-point pro- mission named by the Leg- gram, adding: "We feel islature. this is a major step in the Among his 14 points, the right direction for the care governor has proposed es- of the mentally ill and re- tablishment of two regional tarded in State hospitals. centers for mental retarda- "We hope funds will be tion, one of them to be at available to support these UCLA; appropriations for 14 points." neuropsychiatric institutes He urged, however, that at the University of Cali- the governor give "close fornia in San Francisco attention" to the needs of and at UCLA; the addition local programs which at of 300 new jobs at hospitals present are inadequately for the retarded, and the financed. PART II Edi torial Comment EQUAL RIGHTS Dos Times LIBERTY UNDER THE LAW TRUE INDUSTRIAL FREEDOM HARRISON GRAY OTIS, 1881-1917 HARRY CHANDLER, 1917-1944 NORMAN CHANDLER Chairman & Chief Executive, Times Mirror Company OTIS CHANDLER Publisher NICK B. WILLIAMS ROBERT D. NELSON Editor Vice-President & General Manager FRANK HAVEN JAMES BELLOWS JAMES BASSETT Managing Editor Associate Editor Director, Editorial Pages 4-Part II WEDNESDAY MORNING, FEBRUARY 28, 1968 Other Laudable Action on Mental Health Gov. Reagan's new 14-point mental in certain hospitals where better treat- health program marks a significant shift ment can be obtained at less cost nearby, in the thinking of his Administration. should not pose any problems. For more than a year leaders in the field A start has already been made toward have complained that Reagan's policies meeting the requirement-imposed by the have endangered sound mental health state on private institutions - of 70- procedures. square-feet of space per patient bed. For The new approach which may change all years the mental health department's that, has been applauded by some leading budget has been based on a 55-foot authorities who have been critical in the standard. past. But the element of timing arises in There is, indeed, much to applaud in the connection with several other items, program. Yet much will depend on how- notably improvement of obsolete staffing and when-it is implemented. standards. This step, which the governor has embraced "in principle," would require The governor is now preparing a special $39 million if carried out immediately. appropriation bill to fund two mental Since such a sum is not available, retardation regional centers at an estimat- achievement of the new standards will be ed first year cost of $500,000. Although he "in phases consistent with sound hospital favored the plan last year, he was forced to and management practices." veto it due to lack of funds. Early Although that sounds logical, it suggests legislative approval is expected. the possibility of long delays. Perhaps the Several other items may also be improvement may not proceed as rapidly expedited: Streamlining of administrative as some experts in the field insist is functions to improve efficiency; inspec- desirable. tions to insure proper maintenance of That is why skepticism has been voiced facilities; a study to determine why there in some quarters, which indicate a "wait- are major variances in the quality of care and-see" attitude, remaining on the alert at institutions. for any foot-dragging or deviation from Gradual elimination of outdated func- the high-sounding goals. tions, such as agriculture at some institu- It is to be hoped their fears are tions, and phasing out of surgical facilities groundless. San Bernardino Telegram Feb. 26, 1968 Wise Move on Mental Health The status of California's men- of the new standards "a forward tal hospitals, an up and down af- step." fair in the last year, resumed the Just how quickly the new stand- up course on Friday when Gov. ards will become fully effective is Reagan announced that he has ap- not certain. The governor said he proved "in principle" new staffing has instructed Spencer Williams, standards. secretary of human relations, and The standards were recommend- Dr. James V. Lowry, director of ed a year ago by a special com- the Department of Mental Hy- mission which found, after an 18- giene, to set up a timetable. He month study, that the overall de- added that a start can be made ficit of help was 32 per cent in "partly with funds saved by econ- hospitals for the mentally ill and omies in the department." 38 per cent in hospitals for the A department spokesman said mentally retarded. that if the new standards were put Unlike the old standards, which into effect today, the cost would originated in 1952 and are based be $39 million. Of that amount, on a set number of employes per $17 million would be for improving patient, the new standards are the staffing at hospitals for the based on how much care is re- mentally ill and S22 million for quired by each patient to improve. the retarded. Under the old set of rules, Gov. The implementation, however, Reagan last year ordered mental will be carried out in phases, in hospital cuts in keeping with the accordance with the governor's in- decline in the number of patients. structions. Admittedly, the pro- This brought strong protests from gram will take some time. since mental health authorities, who psychiatrists and psychiatric nurs- b pointed out that the patients es are not easy to come by. is leaving hospitals were those who For the long run, Gov. Reagan's a required a minimum of treatment, decision should have a highly I and that the patients remaining beneficial effect on mental health. 1 i were those who needed the most What it basically does is to take ] time and attention from the staff. patient care away from a rigid : The governor's shift to the new set of numbers, and give it a flex- standards has brought applause ibility under medical judgment. from former crities. The South- Both responsibility and authority ern California Psychiatric Society are increased for the doctors, and and the Mental Health Association that is the way it should be. of Los Angeles County commended Mental health is not the least of the "implementation of these more this nation's problems, and the realistic standards." A spokesman governor deserves praise for the at Patton Hospital called adoption pioneering step he has taken. El Cajon Daily California March 4, 1968 Reagan's Record May Lose Blot Ever since he announced drastic cut- on how much care is needed by a pa- backs in the state's mental health pro- tient to improve. This replaces the old gram, Gov. Reagan has been sporting a standard which merely allotted so many patients per staff member-usually more black/eye. It was believed by many, with than he could handle. some convincing testimony from those directly concerned, that he was achieving Gov. Reagan says he will not add any a balanced budget and economy at the money to his 1968-69 budget to imple- ment his mental health reform program. expense of these unfortunate people. This might sound like he is already re- So the announcement that the governor neging on his promises, but those in the has approved "in principle" new staffing mental health field say this need not be standards for state hospitals caring for the case. the mentally ill does much to remove Since the population of state mental the blot on Reagan's record. hospitals is steadily decreasing, largely It does, that is, if the governor is sin- because of improved eatment tech- cere in putting the program into effect niques and the availability of local day and does not throw overboard the new care centers, the staffing standa can standards the next time he makes a be implemented merely by keeping the check of the state's coffers. budget allocations at somewhere near the same level they are now. Mental health authorities, many of whom were critical when the original In other words, as the hospital popula- cuts were made, are encouraged by the tion decreases money will still be avail- adoption of the new staffing standards, able to retain the needed staff to ade- which replace those that were accepted quately care for the mentally ill patients. in 1952. We hope this is the case. The progress What the governor's program does is that has been made in the care of the to make it possible to meet some of the mentally ill in this state is too important staff deficiencies at state hospitals by to sacrifice in the name of false and basing the number of employes required short-sighted economy. PART III Comments by Hospital Trustees and THE PRESS COURIER Serving Ventura County OXNARD, CALIFORNIA, FRIDAY, FEBRUARY 23, 1968 SINGLE COPY 10c-FOR I Governor's Plan Benefits Camarillo State Hospital Camarillo State Hospital will have become obsolete in the some 2,800 jobs. He gave no be able to provide better patient light of medical progress and figures on the new staffing care when staffing improve- particularly because of the in- standards. ments announced today by Gov. creased emphasis on local treat- Nash said Camarillo State Reagan are put into effect, Dr. ment of the mentally ill." Reagan said last year that Hospital had reduced its staff Louis Nash, hospital superin- tendent, said. mental hospital staffs should be "through normal attrition" SO Nash said an increase in the cut back because more patients that no programs were serious- nursing staff would provide "a are being handled by local fa- ly affected. The Board of Trus- better ratio of personnel to pa- cilities. The cutbacks triggered tees of Camarillo Hospital met tients. He lauded Reagan's strong criticism from hospital today and issued a statement of move as a big step toward elim- employes and other groups. gratitude to the governor for inating "archaic" staffing Reagan imposed staff cut- the move which they said will standards. backs in state hospitals last greatly improve" programs at year calling for elimination of the hospital. Reagan today directed the Department of Mental Health to implement recommendations by the California Commission on Staffing Standards in 1967. Reagan said they will replace 1952 standards "because they San Diego, Calif. Evening Tribuce (Cir. W. 116,303) Ent. 1838 R.C.E. State Mental ACTION LAUDED Hal Logan of El Cajon, chair- b man of the board of directors of t Patton State Hospital, lauded Hospital the action as "one of the most outstanding recommendations for change in the last decade." He called the changes "a step forward in the treatment of the RulesAltered mentally ill, long sought by groups such as the California Medical Association and the California Mental Health Asso- SACRAMENTO (UPI) - Gov. ciation so that as many persons Reagan said yesterday the state as possible are returned to their has abandoned patient-staff ra- local communities through tio staffings standards at men- greater intensity of care." tal hospitals and adopted new The new standards, recom- standards set by a special com- mended in a two-volume study mission. by the California Commission on Hospital Standards, will re- The new standards are based duce the number of patients on how much care an individual because they will begin receiv- patient needs as measured by ing treatment immediately and, the time necessary for his care consequently, "create a new and treatment, a Department of 1 morale among professional peo- Mental said. Hygiene spokesman I ple when they realize they can give their best efforts and be Reagan, whose cutbacks in I effective," he said. funds for mental hygiene stirred ( EARLY ADOPTION a bitter controversy last year, y said implementation of the new I He said he hopes the stan- standards would be conducted dards will be adopted at Patton in phases based on a timetable this fiscal year. to be determined by Spencer Reagan called the current Williams, human relations 0 standards, adopted in 1952, ob- secretary, and the department E solete "in the light of medical director, James Lowry. F progress and particularly be- cause of the increased emphasis on local treatment of the men tally ill.' Ventura Star Free Press 2-25-68 CHS Trustees Applaud Reagan's Staffing Policy Staff members and trustees of Camarillo State Hospital have expressed complete agree- ment with the new 1967 staff- ing standards for mental hy- gene recently adopted by Gov. Ronald Reagan for all state mental hospitals. The new staffing standards were generated by an Aerojet General time study in 1967 to de- termine the kind and amount of care needed for the various types of patients. Standards had not been changed since 1952, Dr. John F. Sheel of the hospital staff said yesterday. Sheel said, "With the new staffing standards, we can more adequately determine our staff needs, and where to place them." Sheel said there will be an increase in the staff at Cam- arillo State Hospital, determin- ed by the survey, but the state budget will govern just ho W large an increase can be made. The Camarillo hospital's board of trustees met Thursday and issued the following state- ment: "The board of trustees of Camarillo State Hospital are most gratified that Gov. Reagan has recognized the need to im- plement the new 1967 staffing standards. We believe the Cali- fornia State mental health program will be greatly improv- ed." 7.628. 1968 DeMeo Likes Les Anceles New SSH Times Staff Plan 3-5-68 By Staff Correspondent ELDRIDGE-The chairman of the board of trustees at Sonoma State Hospital has expressed sat- isfaction with Gov. Ronald Rea- Staffing Program Hailed gan's acceptance of new staff- ing standards for state mental Gov. Ronald Reagan announced Feb. 23 hospitals. the Administration has adopted in principle the staffing standards for state mental hos- Charles DeMco of Santa Rosa pitals set in 1967 by the California Commis- noted that the approval of new sion on Staffing Standards. plan, proposed last year by the "Implementation of the standards will be California Commission on Staff- carried out in phases consistent with sound ing Standards, could mean an increase of 500 medical services employes at the Eldridge facil- hospital and management practices," he said. The governor said the 1952 standards ity when fully implemented. should be replaced by new standards Timing of the new staffing because they have become obsolete in light proposal, part of a "comprehen- of medical progress and particularly because sive" new plan for the 14 hos- of increased emphasis on local treatment for pitals, now awaits formulation the mentally ill. of a schedule by Spencer Wil- This is an excellent step in the right direc- liams, state welfare administra- tion; a culmination of hard work on the part for. and Dr. James Lowry, di- of those interested in the Department of rector of the state Department Mental Hygiene, and will greatly implement of Mental Hygiene. and increase the level of care in the state Whether additional job posi- hospitals throughout the state, tions will actually be added to This is particulaly true of the Fairview meet the new plan remains to State Hospital, in that it will increase the be seen, however. standards which at the present time are about 60% of the staffing standards for state Patient Load Cut? hospitals set in 1967 by the California An alternative viewed as like- Commission on Staffing Standards. ly by administrators may call The board of trustees of Fairview State for reduction of the hospitals' Hospital feels that this is an excellent mammoth patient load-1.400 - program and when properly implemented, will increase the care of those who are to a size where it would fall in unable to care for themselves. line with new standards. VERN O. FAHRNEY That could also bring the hos- Chairman, Board of Trustees pital in line with another por- Fairview State Hospital tion of the Reagan plan-a rec- Long Beach ommendation to increase the average space per patient from 55 to 70 sq. ft. The staffing plan replaces one formulated in 1952, which has long been the target of criticism. Mr. DeMeo said the Reagan decision was one of the most forward looking steps in the care for the retarded taken by the state during his 25 years on the board. PART IV Comments by Psychiatric Societies Bay 2+ Los Inteles Times Reagan OKs New Staff Rules in Mental Health SAT., FEB. 24, 1968-Part 3 Authorities Say Revised Standards Could Improve Quality of Care in State Hospitals BY HARRY NELSON Times Medical Editor Gov. Reagan announced tion will begin putting the Friday he has approved new standards into effect "in principle" new staffing "partly with funds saved standards which mental by economies in the de- health authorities say partment." could significantly im- The Southern California prove the quality of care Psychiatric Society and in state hospitals for the the Mental Health Assn. of mentally ill and mentally Los Angeles County, both retarded. of whom have been criti- The new staffing stan- cal of many of the gover- dards were recommended nor's previous actions in a year ago by a special mental health, applauded commission which found, the announcement, as did after an 18-month study, the California Council for that the overall deficit of Retarded Children. help was 32% in hospitals for the mentally ill and Dr. Ruth Barnard, pres- 38% in hospitals for the ident of the psychiatric society, said "implementa- mentally retarded. tion of these more realistic Unlike the old standards, standards is one of the which are based on a set employe-patient ratio, the ways the care and treat- new standards are based ment of the mentally ill on how much care is re- and mentally retarded can quired by each patient to be brought up to a more acceptable level than is improve. The Reagan Adminis- currently being achieved." tration was strongly criti- Called Pioneering Move cized by mental health David C. Honey, pres- groups for initiating a ident of the Mental Health personnel cutback in the Assn., called the move a Department of Mental Hy- "pioneering and important giene on the heels of the contribution" and a "step staffing commission's re- forward to providing ade- port. quate care and treatment." In his announcement A department spokes- Friday, Reagan said im- man said that if the new plementation of the new standards were put into standards would be car- effect today, the cost ried out "in phases consis- would be $39 million. Of tent with sound hospital that amount, $17 million and management practi- would be for improving ces." the staffing at hospitals Orders Timetable for the mentally ill and He said he has instruct- $22 million for the retard- ed Spencer Williams, se- ed, cretary of human rela- Since implementation of tions, and Dr. James V. the staffing standards will Lowry, director of the be done in phases, it is Department of Mental Hy- expected that the cost will giene, to set up a timetable be less than 617 million for for putting the standards the mentally ill because into effect. the number of mentally ill Reagan said the 1952 in state hospitals is declin- standards which have ing. been in effect are "obso- The cost for improving lete in the light of medical staffing for the retarded progress and particularly persons is expected to stay because of the increased the same because the hos- emphasis on local treat- pital population of retard- ment of the mentally ill." ed persons is not declin- He said- the Administra- ing. Sacramento Union 2-27-68 Psychiatrists Laud Reagan The Central California Psy- chiatric Society, which repre- sents 115 Central Valley psy- chiatrists, Monday lauded Gov- ernor Reagan's decision to adopt the principles of the 1967 report of the California Commission on Staffing Standards for state hos- pitals. "We are especially interested in the governor's statement that he intends to begin putting these new standards into effect im- mediately, using current sav- ings," said Dr. George Gross, president of the Society. Dr. Gross said sufficient state funds must be provided simul- taneously to county mental Sacramento, Calif. health programs. Bee 10th D. 124251) 2-25-68 Alians P.C.S. En: 1688 Psychiatrists' Unit Praises Program The Central California Psy- cerning a 14-point program to chiatric Society has praised improve the state's mental hos- Gov. Ronald Reagan's decision pitals. to adopt the principle of the Dr. George Gross, president staffing standards recommend- of the society which represents ed by the 1967 report of the 115 psychiatrists in the valley California Commission on Staff- area, said the decision should ing Standards. mean "measureable increases The governor announced the in staffing ratios this year and decision Friday and affirmed it further increases in the ratio in in today's announcement con- future years." tal budget of recent information. Fresho, Calif. Reagan said his budget for Fresno See the coming fiscal year includes D. S. 140,538) a record increase for Short- Also appeared in the Doyle programs, up by $1.6 mil- 2-25-68 Sacramento Bee and Modesto Bee lion to a total of $29.5 million. The over-all mental Hygiene Department budget for the year, Est. 1388 P.C.B. he said, is up by more than $6 million to $244 million. Reagan Issues 14-Point Program Psychiatric society leaders al- ready have pointed out that Lowry, in a letter dated last To Improve Mental Health Care year, said $7 million to $9 mil- lion would be needed for Short- By Peter Weisser "We don't care who gets the 1 - setting up two added Doyle. Analysis of the budget SACRAMENTO - Gov. Ron- medals for these things. He's mental retardation hospitals. shows that while the department ald Reagan issued a 14-point started moving in the right di- 2 - junking of the 1952 staff- as a whole is up, the hospital program to improve the level rection on mental hygiene." principle of enriched" standards budget actually has been cut by of care for patients in the ing standards and adoption "in $400,000. Dr. Ruth Barnard, the physi- state's hospitals for the ment- cian who is president of the set up last year by the Califor- 12-Renewed Instructions to ally ill. Psychiatric Society of Southern nia Commission on Hospitals Lowry that "he has now as he Many of the suggested re- California, said Reagan's list Standards. has had in the past year com- forms are apparent reversals of "sounds like a program for peo- 3 -creation of a state board plete discretion in maintaining Reagan's economy-oriented cuts ple and goals in which incon- of medical visitors for each hos- th estaffing requirements and of more than $11 million from cur." pital. levels for care of patients." the hospital budgets in fiscal Last year the governor trim- 4 - inspection of hospital 1967-68. med $11.4 million from the De- buildings by the State Depart- Reagan last year, after the Reagan specifically calls for partment of Mental Hygiene's ment of General Services. initial flareup of criticism, ex- a junking of "obsolete" stand- 5 -a determination of why plained that if the level of care budget request, then blue-pen- there are "major quality vari- for the state's estimated 36,000 ards for staffing hospitals for cied the amount when he signed the mentally ill although the the budget June 30, 1967, after ences among the mental hospi- patients were threatened, Low- $11.4 million in cuts made last the legislature reinserted it. His tals," variences which are un- ry had authority to restore year were done without regard budget cuts, according to testi- specified, "and to find out why whatever money and jobs of the to staffing standards. mony before legislative bodies some are not operated as well 3,700-positions were eliminated. The reform list includes es- by Dr. James V. Lowry, depart- or as efficiently as they should 13 - Administative stream- ishments of two additional ment director, were carried out be." lining within the Department of mental retardation centers, along fiscal guidelines and with- 3/4-Quick action to find out Mental Hygiene. through Reagan vetoed propos- out attempts to reevaluate stan- which facilities should be phas- als for retardation centers in dards of care. ed out due to greater reliance 14-Creation of an advisory San Diego, Fresno and Sacra- A resulting drumfire of crit- on local programs. (Physicians committee on mental health to mento last year. icism arose from critics as di- note there is no mention of in- consult with the governor on In other reversals of position verse as Jimmy Persall, former creasing aid to local facilities mental health issues. the governor called for creation Boston Red Sox baseball star, to provide for the increase in "We cannot be satisfied with of a board of medical visitors, labor union leaders and psychi- local puyient load and expense. out-omded programs," asserts an idea he rebutted during a atric societies. The hospital close-down propos- al year after year finds advo- the governor. "Rather we must highly publicized visit to Cama- rillo State Hospital, and for a While the administration em- cates in the office of Legisla- continue moving forward with determination of why there are phasis last year was decidedly tive Analyst A. Alan Post, chief- a positive and progressive plant "major quality variances among budgetary, according to the ly on the ground of efficency.) o--ne that expands and further the mental hospitals." testimony of lowry and others, 7-Elimination of outdated implements the concept of local Guarded Reaction the chief concern of the new functions such as farming op- care for the mentally ill where- There was guarded reaction to Reagan program is on standards erations. Though the governor's ever possible. L the governor's reform program, and treatment of care. announcement did not allude to "Many of the problems in our along with the speculation it "We have always known that it, a similar proposal recently mental hospitals permitted to may have been triggered in part problems in our mental hos- was made by the California grow in seriousness over the by the fact leaders of the Cali- pitals go beyond budgetary fac- Taxpayers' Association. years are now catching up with fornia Medical Association this tors," the governor stated. 8-Trimming out of surgical us. weekend are putting the final "Many of the economies we facilities from some hospitals. touches on a study of the state's have achieved over the past 9-Upgrading space standards "But, as we have repeatedly mental hospital facilities. year - coupled with greater per patient bed, from about 55 told the people of California, the The study on which the emphasis on local treatment fi- square feet per patient to 70 time is long overdue for action Reagan reform measures are nanced in large measure by the square feet. designed to stop the warehous- based, according to a Reagan state - will now permit us to 10-Adoption of clear-cut and ing of the mentally ill." aide, "is an administration ef- devote more of cur resources definitive goals for the treat- Last year opponents of the fort" - not the CMA study by for the more difficult cases re- ment of mentally ill persons governor's mental hygiene cuts ctors in 14 survey teams. maining in our hospitals." which have "been acclaimed by condemned the budget trim- member of the CMA Chief Points Listed leaders in the mental health mings as false economy, re- study group flatly stated most Chief points in the program field". peatedly warning they would of the recommendations issued are: lead to the "warehousing" Rea- by the governor are identical to gan now deplres. the study recommendations. But he added: Vallejo, Calif. Times Horald (Cir. D. 25,853 S. 29,845) 2-24-68 Allon's & C.B. Est. 1888 Psychiatrist Wants Study SAN FRANCISCO (AP)-The chairman of California's psychi- atric societies urged Gov. Rea- gan Friday to give closer atten- tion to the needs of local pro- grams for treatment of the mentally ill because they are "inadequately financed." Dr. Irving Phillips, in a state- ment made in behalf of the so- cieties, praised the governor's "adoption of new standards for patient care in state hospitals." He referred to reccommenda- tions made by the California Commission on Staffing Stand- ards. "We would urge the gover- nor's close attention to the needs of local programs which at present are inadequately fi- nanced. We hope that he will request sufficient funding to al- low for program development to continue," said Phillips. PART V Comments by Citizen Organizations Sacramento, Calif, Bes Also appeared in the (Cir. D. 172,254 S. 194,251) Fresno and Modesto 2-24-68 papers P.C.A. Est. 1888 Foresees Progress "The old standards were un- Mental Health realistic and a detriment to pro- viding adequate treatment. We commend Governor Reagan for Leader Praises adopting the new standards. They are a pioneering contribu- tion, and I am confident they Reagan Action will help California assume its proper role as the leading state in providing the best possible programs for its citizens who are Arthur Hellender, president of hospitalized in state institutions. the California Association for "The association participated Mental Health, has praised the with the select commission of action by Gov. Ronald Reagan professionals in the 18-month in adopting "in principle" pro- study which led to the recom- posed new staffing standards for mendations," he added. 1 California's state hospitals. The standards were recom- Retarded Children's mended a year ago after a study Group Applauds Step I by the California Commission on Staffing Standards. The California Council for Re- 1 "The adoption by California of tarded Children has applauded the very sound and realistic rec- an announcement by Gov. Ron- ommendations of the commis- ald Reagan his administration sion is a critical step forward is accepting higher staffing to providing adequate care and standards for the state's men- treatment for a large segment tal hospitals. of those Californians who are "This is a move in a positive mentally ill," Hellender said, direction of assuring a more Concur On Importance adequate level of care for the "The California Association for mentally retarded in our state Mental Health shares with the hospitals," commented Stanley professional community the opin- LeBon, council president. Coun- ion that the new standards for cil personnel helped prepare the staffing state hospitals is a pio- report on which the increased neering and important contribu- staffing standards is based. tion. "The new standards will ulti- "We look forward to cooperat- mately replace the out-of-date ing with the governor, the De- standards established in 1952," partment of Mental Hygiene and said Lebon. Ultimately, he said, the legislature in the realistic the move will improve the level implementation of these new of care for the retarded. standards. The Sacramento Union w Saturday, Feb. 24, 1968 New Guidelines Reagan Asks Hike In Mental Staffs An increase in the number of local treatment of the mentally state mental hospital workers ill." per patient has been proposed Reagan said, "We will begin by Governor Reagan, who last putting these new standards into year slashed their staffs in a effect partially with funds saved controversial economy move. by economies" in the State De- A statement from Reagan's partment of Mental Hygiene. office said the administration Last year, Reagan announced has "adopted in principle" state mental hospital staff cut- guidelines set last year by the backs calling for elimination of California Commission on Staff- about 2,800 jobs. He said the ing Standards. cuts were justified because However, neither the number more patients are being handled of employes to be restored nor by local rather than state facil- the cost of the additions were ities. revealed as Reagan administra- Word of his new proposal was tion prepared a comprehensive hailed by leaders of groups program for improving mental which bitterly attacked the 1967 hospital care. cutbacks. "There will be an increase in "This is a move in a positive the number of staff people per direction of assuring more ade- patient," said an aide to Spen- quate level of care for the men- cer Williams, secretary for hu- tally retarded in our state hos- man relations. The aide added pitals," said Stanley LeBon, that the program wouldn't go president of the California Coun- into effect until the fiscal year cil for Retarded children. starting July 1 as it will need Terming the plan "a pioneer- legislative approval. ing and important contribution," The statement from Reagan's the president of the California office said the old 1952 stand- Association for Mental Health, ards should be replaced "be- Arthur Hellender, said the adop- cause they have become obso- tion is "a critical step forward lete in the light of medical pro- to providing adequate care and gress and particularly because treatment for a large segment" of the increased emphasis on of the mentally ill. Vallejo News Chronicle Feb. 29, 1968 MENTAL CARE PLAN LAUDED SACRAMENTO (AP) - One of Gov. Reagan's leading critics on mental health Wednesday described as "a delightful turn of events" Reagan's announced plan to reform the state's men- tal health program. The Citizens Committee for Improved Treatment in Our State Hospitals pledged support for Reagan's plan to adopt 1967 staffing standards at the state's mental hospitals. The state has been operating on a 1952 staffing level plan. Winston Wilson of Sacramen- to, committee chairman, urged Reagan to seek emergency funds from the legislature to begin putting his reform into effect. But Reagan said Tuesday he does not plan to add funds to the mental hygiene budget dur- ing the coming year. Some of the reforms can be accom- plished with savings made in the department, he said. The entire reform program will have to be accomplished over "the long haul," he added. Wilson said, "We are truly pleased that the governor now wants to take some positive steps toward bringing adequate care and treatment to those hospitalized by mental illness." Friday, March 1, 1968 The Sacramento Union Our Readers Write Mental Health Group Lauds Reagan Editor, The Union: We have been ment to the hundreds of Sacramentans informed of the announcement of who are presently hospitalized in our Governor Reagan's acceptance in prin- state mental hospitals. ciple of the recommendations of the We are in total agreement with the California Commission on Staffing new Staffing Standards as recommended Standards in state mental hospitals. by the Commission. We do hope that The Sacramento Area Mental Health adequate funds will be made available Association compliments him for this SO that these important recommenda- important step forward and. we feel tions can be implemented. that it can do much to improve the VIRGINIA L. YOUNG quality and quantity of care and treat- President Many of Governor Ronald Reagan's proposals for Mental Hygiene have long been advocated by CSEA. In what appears to be a reversal in the administration's position, the pressing questions are: How will the 14-point program be implemented? When? Thomas T. Jordan, the Association's deputy gen- eral manager, also praised the governor's new pro- Reagan Plan gram. "We are delighted," he said, "and Governor Rea- gan may be assured that CSEA will cooperate fully Would Enrich in the common effort to achieve the goals at the earliest possible time." Jordan said the new program will cost more Mental Hygiene money than is provided in the governor's proposed budget, but noted that the budget is to be re- evaluated. A 14-point plan aimed at improving the state's "We hope that reevaluation will produce sub- mental hygiene program has been announced by stantial budget increases for staff enrichment at all Governor Ronald Reagan. levels, from support classes to direct treatment per- sonnel," he stated. "We realize that we cannot Included in the governor's list of program achieve 100 percent of the general improvement changes is a higher ratio of staff to patients in state goals immediately, but a significant start should hospitals for the mentally ill and mentally retarded, be made now." creation of two new mental retardation centers, an increase in space for each hospital bed, hospital One of the governor's new program points is a " maintenance inspections and a re-evaluation of the determination at the earliest date what hospi- 1968-69 budget for the Department of Mental tal facilities should be phased out or eliminated in Hygiene. the light of basic changes in the patient load because of greater emphasis on local care and All of these measures long have been a part of treatment." CSEA's mental hygiene program. Jordan said CSEA will be interested to know how CSEA officials agree that the key point of the gov- any of the department's "presently overcrowded ernor's revised program is his decision to improve facilities" can be eliminated in the near future if the ratio of hospital staff to patients. In junking "as bed space is to be increased from 55 square feet obsolete" the 1952 staffing standards under which or less to the governor's new goal of 70 square feet. the department has been operating, the governor accepted "in principle" the much richer standards Jordan also pointed out that "resident popula- recommended by the California Commission on tion" should be only one factor in the determination Staffing Standards. of staffing patterns. He said that total annual ad- The commission's recommendations, published missions to the hospitals are the highest in history, and that admissions will continue to increase as the in January 1967 after a comprehensive, 18-month state's population rises. study of the hospital system, called for staffing in- creases averaging 35 percent to bring the staff- "These people must be cared for just as long-term patient ratio to "minimally acceptable" levels. patients are cared for, and this care requires a lot However, the governor two months later an- more people," he added. nounced his intention to cut staff by 3,700 positions Jordan said he has some reservations about the - a move he said was justified by the declining ability of local jurisdictions to absorb much more of resident patient population in the hospitals. the state's mental patient load in the near future. CSEA disagreed strongly with the governor's "The department still plans to close all of its local decision to reduce staff, arguing that the main rea- day treatment and after-care centers," he com- son for the decline in resident patients was the then mented. "Are we sure that the counties will be able gradually improving ratio of staff to patients. to take over these patients?" The Association joined in statewide efforts of citizen groups to resist the cutback and was suc- Department of Mental Hygiene officials say that cessful in winning a legislative appropriation despite adoption of new staffing standards, layoff sufficient to maintain staff at the January 1967 level. schedules for the remainder of this fiscal year have The governor vetoed these additional funds. not been changed. However, many hospitals al- ready have lost so many employees that they cur- "We are extremely pleased that Governor Rea- rently are operating with less staff than current gan agrees with us that the staffing recommen- schedules provide, so there is some doubt that ad- dations of the Staffing Standards Commission ditional layoffs will be necessary. should be adopted," CSEA President Frances M. Dillon commented. "I am sure that the new staffing A spokesman for the department said that Dr. goals will greatly improve the morale of the dedi- James Lowry, department director, is working on a cated people who now are carrying the huge burden schedule to implement the 14 points contained in of treating and caring for the mentally ill and the governor's program. He said the governor has retarded." given Dr. Lowry "complete discretion in main- taining the staffing requirements and levels of care THE CALIFORNIA STATE EMPLOYEE, MARCH 1, 1968 for patients." PART VI Comments by Hospital Staff MORE RELEASES However, Dr. Adams be- Wins Praise lieves that the new standards Stockton Record will allow the program of re- (Cont. From Page 1, Sec. 2) leasing more patients into development, and will enable the community to continue. us to come closer to an ac- Feb. 24, 1968 The trend of keeping fewer ceptable level of care," Dr. patients in the institution, Adams said. developed over the past sev- As far as possible changes eral years, would have to end in program emphasis are con- soon if the 1952 standards and cerned, the new standards related job cuts were main- may mean a slight shift to- tained, Dr. Adams said. ward more work with com- One possible way of bring- munity mental health pro- ing the new standards into grams and outpatient care, he effect would be to refrain said. from elimination of jobs as the patient load drops, thus The new standards will be increasing the level of care, he implemented in phases on a timetable to be determined by said. James Lowry, director of the State Hosp. SHARP VARIATIONS Department of Mental Hy- Dr. Adams said that when giene, and Spencer Williams, the study was completed a human relations secretary. ( year ago the over-all level of Staffing Plan staffing at the hospital was However, there was no in- \ only about 68 per cent of that dication whether any effort { recommended under the new would be made to change Rea- $ standards, with sharp varia- gan's proposed 1968-69 budget, Wins Praise tions from that in the dif- which calls for further staff ferent specific job categories. cutbacks in state hospitals. Adoption of the new stand- Reagan said the 1952 stand- Dr. Adams Hails ards is "a most encouraging ards "have become obsolete in New Standards development, and will enable the light of medical progress us to come closer to an ac- and particularly because of Adoption of new staffing ceptable level of care," Dr. the increased emphasis on standards by the Reagan ad- Adams said. local treatment of the men- ministration for state mental tally ill." As far as possible changes hospitals was hailed today as The commission that rec- in program emphasis are con- "a tremendous step forward' ommended the new standards cerned, the new standards by Dr. Freeman Adams, Stock- worked for 18 months under may mean a slight shift to- ton State Hospital superin- a Senate resolution intro- ward more work with com- tenden duced by Sen. Alan Short munity mental health pro- The new standards, based (D-Stockton) authorizing the grams and outpatient care, he on recommendations made: a study. said. year ago by a special study The new standards will be The commission used com- commission, apparently re- implemented in phases on a puters and personnel of Aero- flect an abrupt change from jet General Corp. in tabulat- the previous administration timetable to be determined by ing and evaluating material policy of eliminating jobs at (Continued on Page 22, Col. 3) to help determine the nursing state hospitals. time actually needed for The cutbacks, which in- patient care. cluded more than 200 jobs at Stockton State Hospital last year, touched off a bitter con- troversy over adequacy of care for the mentally ill. IN FUTURE However, the application of the new standards may be some time off. The Depart- ment of Mental Hygiene budget now under considera- tion, for 1968-69, does not re- flect the new standards, Dr. Adams noted. The old standards are based on a 1952 formula for employe-patient ratios. The new standards are based on how much care an individual patient needs as measured by the time necessary for his care and treatment. Just how this eventually will affect the staffing at Stockton State Hospital is not clear. FEB. 13 THRU FEB. 27 1968 Pomo News Admissions 241 Indefinite Leaves 31 Discharges 235 Population 1,649 A Progressive Paper for Progessive Patients L. XXI, No. 17 MENDOCINO STATE HOSPITAL, FRIDAY, MARCH 1, 1968 TALMAGE, CALIFORN Klatte Lauds Reagan's OK of New Staffing Governor Ronald Reagan's rec- ognition of the need for more staffing in the State's mental hos- pitals has brought approving com- ments from hospital superinten- dents throughout the state. Mendocino's superintendent, Dr. E. W. Klatte, had this to say: "We are very pleased with the announcement that the Governor is endorsing the new staffing standard developed by the Cali- fornia Commission on Staffing Standards for Mental Hospitals. This is the first time that staffing standards have been based on an CHERI SHAW shows Arthur, the parrot star of "Dr. D intensive study." little" to Nellie Dailey, who's a patient on RT-D. Arthur is a han More Nursing Service some blue, green and yellow macaw with beautiful black markin Explaining how MSH would be on a white face. In the movie he plays Polynesia, the parrot wi affected, Dr. Klatte said "The hos- taught Dr. Dolittle how to talk with birds and animals. Cheri h pital now has 480 nursing service been with Big John Strong's Circus for about a year. positions for the wards. Accord- ing to the new standards there ould be 613 nursing service posi- Animals Star Attractions of ns at the ward level and, in ad- aution, 24 positions for off-ward as- signments. We are now at 75 per Big John Strong's Circus cent of the new standards." CLOWN Eddie Spaghetti alias By ED ANDERSEN Dr. Klatte added that although ace juggler Hugh Marquandt, Big John Strong and his all-star cast captivated the patients : the standard has been adopted, it spins a plate high atop a pole staff of this hospital last Wednesday afternoon. From Eddie Sp is his understanding that final de- cisions on some aspects have not while Fred Strom looks on. The hetti, The Deans, Cheri Shaw with her parrot Arthur and beaut been made and that there will picture was taken on RT-D where doves, Neena, a ton or more of charming pulchritude, a varied ass probably be a slight adjustment. some of the circus people stop- ment of goats, rams, llamas, shetland ponies and pedigreed car Psychiatric Aides performers and last but not le ped to bring the circus to those Last September the hospital's C'est la Vie Club Big John himself. psychiatric technician training pro- patients who could not come to At the Wednesday afternoon I gram received accreditation, which the auditorium. formance well over seven hund means that when the PTTs com- Enjoys Unit A Combo patients jammed the auditori plete their year of training, they Sacramento Channel 10 amid bags and bags of pope are certified by the Board of Vo- A combo from the Med-Surgical and fruit punch SO thoughtfully I cational Examiners. Accreditation Division provided the entertain- vided by Rehab Services and 11 criterion limits the classes to 15 Visits MSH to Televise ment at the Feb. 22 meeting of many, many volunteers. T students, and when 23 PTTs were C'est La Vie, the newly organized worked for days prior to the s) hired in January (this was done Channel 10, from Sacramento. popping pounds and pounds of e by downgrading some professional club in town for patients and ex- visited the hospital recently to and incidentally popping vacancies) only 15 were eligible patients. Harold Erlanger played film sequences for a series it is lights in the Rehab building. for the training. The other eight the piano and Charlie Thomas the doing on mental health. Filming Visits Closed Units became psychiatric aides and un- violin; both men are from Unit A, der this classification they have here was done on RT-A, the al- Big John's day began early W and had put their talents together a variety of duties. Of the 22 psy- coholism and drug abuse services nesday morning along with chiatric aides currently employed. only the night before. Deans, Eddie Spaghetti, Cheri, and the adolescent program, with ten are assigned to nursing serv- emphasis throughout on the role of Two club members from the thur, the Doves and Miss Pea Poodle visiting many of the wa lees; the others have assignments the hospital as a psychiatric train- community also entertained. Hazel around the facility. As you are in the beauty shop, clinical lab. ing center. Geraghty played "Turkey in the aware many of our fellow pati dental lab. physical therapy. Re- hab, Social Services, Research, The series of five programs cov- Straw" and Carlos Fernandez sang could not attend the performa VARC and Voc Rehab. The psy- ers a wide range of facilities. It "Pennies from Heaven." at the auditorium and Big J starts on a county level, then visits and his fellow performers brot Matric aide program is coordinat- Mendocino and Sonoma State Hos- Special thanks from the club a bit of the circus into many ed by Harold Neville, Supervising pitals for State hospitalization se- went to Velma Lawton, nursing the units. Big John in his in PTT working in Nursing Education. quences and ends up with a sum- services supervisor in the Med- table manner did an exception mary by Dr. James V. Lowry, Surgical Division, for the gift of fine job in reaching the heart NEED A JOB? DMH director in Sacramento. a 75-cup coffee maker. his audience and lighting up t See Your Counselor Viewing time of the series is The club meets every Thursday eyes by calling many of them their names. We trust that for A Referral to from 6-7 p.m. on Wednesdays, with from 7-9 p.m. in the recreation Service the Mendocino sequence scheduled room of Holy Trinity Episcopal pictures capture some of this : PORTERVILLE STATE HOSPITAL Porterville, California VOLUME 16 Number 3 NEWSLETTER March, 1968 SUPERINTENDENT'S MESSAGE: "I'm sure we were all delighted to read about our Governor's 14 point program for the mentally ill and retarded in California which he issued February 25, 1968. Of course, some of the items we have been working towards for the last 15 years and some of the items have already been accomplished at Porterville. For example, we have a most capable Board of Medical Visitors known as the Medical Advisory Committee which, incidently, will meet here on March 8. We never developed farming operations which are now determined to be therapeutically out-moded. We have worked toward the 70 square feet standard per patient bed and adopted this in May of 1966 (See HB 37-R) but because of a waiting list for admissions have never been able to reduce our patient population to 2095 from the present 2450 plus. "The most heart-warming development however, is the acceptance by the Governor of the California Commission on Staffing Standards Report issued in February 1967 and consistently advocated by those of us 'inthe field' throughout the trying 'freeze' on hiring between Jan. and Apr. of 1967 and the 'cutbacks' in fiscal 67/68. "Next year, beginning July 1, 1968, looks quite encouraging. The Governor's Budget proposes 356 new positions for the treatment of the mentally retarded in California, some 312 positions in nursing service. This is a most significant in- crease in staffing and should mean some 70 or 80 additional persons at Porterville to upgrade our daily nursing care of the patient. We shall continue to request re- placement of those plant maintenance personnel deleted in fiscal 67/68. We cannot operate a sound treatment program without necessary support personnel and adequate operating expense funds. Repairs and remodeling as well as new construction must be programed. At this writing over one million dollars had been proposed in the Gover- nor's budget for 1968/69 to construct the first phase of refrigerated air condition- ing to replace the inadequate evaporative coolers on twelve of our 34 non-acute wards. Good news, as this early Spring weather brings the temperature up, up, up! JAMES T. SHELTON, M.D. SUPERINTENDENT AND MEDICAL DIRECTOR MATES NEEDED FOR MATING GAME AT ANIMAL SHELTER: School Principal Chet Powers reports several vacancies existing among distinguished residents of the animal shelter at our School Division. As a result of our PSH radio appeal, a peahen has been donated by Mrs. "Doc" Spuhler of Woodville to marry the peacock recently donated by one of our Family Caretakers, Mrs. Druie Calucag of Earlimart. Males are still wanted in the sheep and goat divisions. If you know of a Ram and a Billy Goat who are at loose ends, perhaps an exiciting new life of mar- ital bliss awaits them at our shelter. Please contact Cupid Powers if you come across any prowling prospects. RED CROSS TIME IS HERE AGAIN: You will be contacted soon regarding a contribution to the American Red Cross. Our total effort last year averaged out to 20¢ per employee. How much good could you do for someone in need on the basis of 20c to spend for an entire year? In 1965 we reached our peak of generosity with an average 29¢ per employee. Could you spare four bits for the volunteer solicitor when you are contacted this month? JOINT COMMISSION ACCREDITATION INSPECTION COMING MARCH 20-21-22: Coming to inspect us for the continuation of our accreditation by the Joint Commis- sion will be Dr. Theodore J. Hughes, who previously inspected us in Feb. 1962. We have enjoyed continuous accreditation since our first inspection in Jan. 1959. ( your Vi IMMEDIATE RELEASE ATTACHED ARE THREE DOCUMENTS: 1. A statement by Spencer Williams 2. A commentary by the Director of Mental Hygiene 3. The California Medical Association report on the State mental hospitals IMMEDIATE RELEASE STATEMENT OF SPENCER WILLIAMS CONCERNING THE CALIFORNIA MEDICAL ASSOCIATION REPORT I am extremely pleased that the final conclusion of the report is that "patient care, particularly in the area of new admissions, has shown improvement over conditions found in our earlier survey, reported in 1965". It is the aim of this Administration to continue to improve patient care in our State hospitals, and, indeed, to improve our entire mental health system, particularly in the community where treatment is generally most effective. The report notes that California is already in a "very favorable comparative position in relation to mental health programs throughout the nation" and that the Department of Mental Hygiene has provided a "high level of leadership". We intend that this leadership continue. We recognize that there are deficiencies in some elements of the system. Some of the same defects were noted by the Governor's Survey on Efficiency and Cost Control earlier and remedial action has already been undertaken. On behalf of the State, I want to express our great appreciation for this public service to the California Medical Association; its President, Dr. John Morrison; Dr. Stuart Knox, Chairman of its Mental Health Committee; and to the corps of hardworking physicians who made the inspections. February 29, 1968 RECOMMENDATIONS OF CALIFORNIA MEDICAL ASSOCIATION REGARDING CALIFORNIA STATE MENTAL HEALTH FACILITIES WITH COMMENTS BY JAMES V. LOWRY, M.D., DIRECTOR, DEPARTMENT OF MENTAL HYGIENE The 1968 report of the California Medical Association survey of the hospitals of the Department of Mental Hygiene, like the 1965 report of a similar survey, will make a valuable contribution to progress in the care of patients in state hospitals. It is a concise, sometimes laudatory, sometimes critical report. It is presented with an objectivity that recognizes the progress that has been made since the last survey. It identifies the problems that continue and pre- sents constructive recommendations for their solutions. It appropriately com- mends the staffs of the hospitals for their performance under difficult cir- cumstances. My reactions to the recommendations are as follows: 1. The "Staffing Standards for Public Mental Hospitals," as reported to the State Senate by the California Commission on Staffing Standards in February 1967, be adopted immediately and implemented as rapidly as possible. The "Staffing the Care of Patients Effectively" (SCOPE) surveys based upon an industrial engineering study of nursing per- sonnel in the California State hospitals for the mentally ill and retarded, can accura ely monitor the level of patient care on the wards. Comment. I agree with the recommendation and am pleased that Governor Reagan has approved the adoption of the California Commission on Staffing Standards for hospitals of the Department of Mental Hygiene. A study is being made by the Department of Mental Hygiene to develop a realistic plan for implementing the standards. There will be two problems: money and availability of professional personnel. (The Department has funds to employ 168 professional personnel, including 86 physicians, at this time but these personnel are not available). 2. The Department of Bio-Statistics of the State Department of Mental Hygiene should continue studies determining length of patient stay, why and under what conditions patients leave, how many patients re- turn and how soon after leaving the hospital. Comment. Now being done and will continue. 3. The Department of Mental Hygiene should be encouraged to continue its efforts to secure more appropriate placement for patients who do not continue to require medical and nursing services in a hospital. Comment. Now being done, and I will ask Mr. Williams to ask the Department of Social Welfare to strengthen the placement program. -2- 4. Wherever possible, patients should be admitted to State mental hospitals only by referral from local private physicians or the local mental health program. Comment. In process of developing systems in cooperation with local mental health programs. 5. Provision should be made for the Department of Mental Hygiene to establish a class of personnel which would perform nontechnical ward duties. Comment. Some months ago the Department initiated the establishing of a class of personnel to be called Technician Assistants. 6. Contractual arrangements with other community resources should be made for provision of service functions which could be more effectively and economically provided by such resources than by the hospitals attempting to provide these services themselves. Comment. A study of feasibility on a hospital by hospital basis will be initiated. 7. Provision should be made for a stepped-up program of out-of-state recruitment to enable the filling of vacant but authorized staff positions. Comment. This has been and will continue to be a principal mechanism for obtaining professional personnel. 8. Independent surveys of the state mental institutions should become an ongoing program of the California Medical Association, perhaps through a Board of Medical Visitors for each hospital. Comment. I am pleased that the California Medical Association is agreeable to continuing its survey service to the state hospitals and welcome the Board of Medical Visitors concept. 9. Continuity of treatment supervision should be continuously re- evaluated to be sure patients receive adequate treatment after discharge. Comment. Continued treatment is of vital importance to partially recovered patients who can leave the state hospitals and can be available throughout the state by referral to private physicians and to local mental health programs. Only in this way can patients' care be adequately supervised. The Department of Mental Hygiene will strengthen and extend this system as rapidly as cooperation from local sources can be obtained. 10. Efforts should be made to correct, at the earliest possible time, the existing defects in physical plant and maintenance. Comment. Adequate physical plant is essential to good patient care. Governor Reagan has recognized this and identified the mechanism in one of the fourteen points in his recent statement regarding the program of the Department of Mental Hygiene. Observation and Comments Based on a Resurvey of CALIFORNIA STATE MENTAL FACILITIES by the CALIFORNIA MEDICAL ASSOCIATION February 26, 1968 PREAMBLE Since the early fifties, the California Medical Association, with the full cooperation of the Department of Mental Hygiene, has participated actively in the development of long-range policies for effectively dealing with the problems of mental illness and mental retardation in this state. California has pioneered inno- vative changes in coping with these problems and has produced a strong movement toward decentralizing care and increasing emphasis on a local program development. The achievements and developments thus far realized put California in a very favorable comparative position in relation to mental health programs throughout the nation. Currently we are in a mid-stream position in this vast transitional process. The numerous changes inherent in these evolutionary developments have, of necessity, left undesirable gaps in the con- tinuity of some treatment programs. It is our sincere wish that the findings and recommendations of this report will open new avenues of constructive planning and procedure which will keep California in the forefront with improved care for patients with mental illness and mental retardation. We feel that the Department of Mental Hygiene has provided a high level of leadership and guidance in meeting California's needs in this field, and that continued study and effort will develop greater efficiencies and economies in the management of the stagger- ing load which confronts us. PURPOSE Considerable public concern and controversy were aroused in California during 1967 about the level of care in the state hospitals. The visit of a prominent foreign official to Sonoma State Hospital who publicly questioned the quality of care rendered at that institution for the mentally retarded brought this public concern to a climax. -2- The California Medical Association, in line with its continuing concern for the delivery of quality medical care to all California citizens, again offered as it had earlier in the year, to evaluate the quality of medical care received by the mentally ill and/or retarded in all fourteen state hospitals. It also offered to assess progress made by the hospitals in implementing recommendations made by the California Medical Association in a report submitted to the California State Department of Mental Hygiene on January 18, 1965. The offer was accepted by Spencer Williams, Administrator of the State Health and Welfare Agency. A general report of the findings was to be submitted to the Administration by mid-February, with specific reports to follow at a later date. METHOD Before undertaking the survey, the California Medical Association Committee on Mental Health carefully reviewed the 1965 report to be sure comparisons between current and previous conditions would be accurate and meaningful. Inspection teams were composed of from five to seven physicians. To obtain a more accurate appraisal of changes in levels of care, each hospital (with one exception) was revisited by at least one physician who had participated in the survey of that hospital for the 1965 report. At least two psychiatrists were on each team, with the remainder being selected from other medical disciplines. Physicians from the local area were included on each team. The prospective survey was announced by letter to institution administrators. At a meeting held by each team before its site visit, team members received assignments and instructions regarding survey duties. Several hours were spent in these preparatory meetings. To be used as guides in surveying the institution, each member was given a questionnaire with specific questions about the physical plant, personnel, psychiatric services and medical-surgical services, and a copy of the 1965 California Medical Association report. A brief conference with the superintendent and other key personnel began the inspection day. Necessary keys for access to all areas of the hospital were given to team members at that time. From this meeting, surveyors went independently to their individual assign- ments. At noon, the members met to compare findings and to plan afternoon assignments that would assure satisfactory evaluation of the institution. -3- During the survey, the team met with members of the hospital staff at all levels and from most departments. After the site visit, team members reconvened to report personal observations and assessments of the hospital's functioning and the quality of patient care. A report summarizing each team's observations was prepared. These reports were then reviewed by the California Medical Association Committee on Mental Health. FINDINGS I. PHYSICAL PLANTS Generally, the physical facilities used for direct patient care in the hospitals are in reasonably adequate repair, and for the most part have improved since the 1965 report. Many of the 1965 structural recommendations have been implemented. Some of the buildings are in excellent condition; others, however, even in the same institution, are seriously deteriorating, and many should be eliminated. In most hospitals, building maintenance is on an emergency basis, with nearly all attention being diverted to critical repairs. Inadequate manpower is available for day-to-day upkeep to prevent serious deterioration. Grounds, basic equipment and many structures show evidence of inadequate maintenance in numerous situations. For example, peeling paint, damaged plaster, broken windows (several hundred in one hospital) and uncared-for grounds are common. Personnel report they are unable to keep up with requests for repairs, and the backlog of these requests has increased substantially during the past few months. The level of housekeeping varies from ward to ward. In those housing ambulatory and less disabled patients, the situation is markedly better than in wards where the patients are less able to perform housekeeping duties. In most instances, the poorest housekeeping is found in the acute medical-surgical wards where the demand for nursing care is most critical, but the general conditions in these wards were superior to those found in the 1965 survey. II. PERSONNEL Uncertainty about the future is creating personnel problems throughout the entire hospital system. Budget and policy develop- ments will be watched closely by the personnel. -4- It was observed that: (a) In many wards, the ratio of nursing personnel to patients is deficient, as shown by the recent SCOPE surveys. The September 1967 level of ward personnel was 76.7% of the standard and the January 1968 level was 79.5%. Especially during afternoon and evening shifts, there were wards with one or two persons caring for up to ninety mentally ill patients. There is limited provision for replacement of absent personnel. (b) Female ward personnel is being used alone on some men's wards with disturbed patients. (c) Skilled personnel is spending too much time performing housekeeping and clerical chores. (d) Reassignment of some nursing personnel and changes in the type of patient being cared for on some wards have not been preceded by adequate retraining or orientation of personnel for their new duties. (e) As was true in the survey reported in 1965, a shortage of rehabilitation, teaching and recre- ation personnel was noted in all hospitals, especially in adolescent and children's units, which lack male personnel to supervise necessary activities. In most hospitals, occupational therapy was available to only a small percentage of the patients. (f) Clinical laboratories are still understaffed. (g) In most hospitals, pharmacies are adequately staffed. (h) About 165 positions for professional personnel are vacant, and recruitment, as in the past, continues to be very difficult. (i) Clerical and janitorial personnel shortage is critical almost everywhere. (j) Under the civil service system, often the first persons to be discharged are those who are younger and more able-bodied. This is conspicuous among those doing maintenance work, as well as among ward personnel. -5- (k) A shortage of cooks was noted in most hospitals. The variety of menus was limited. Much serving of food and feeding of patients needing assistance is done by nursing personnel and by other patients. (1) Postgraduate physician education in the hospitals, both insofar as courses offered and the number of persons taking them, improved after the 1965 report. More physician time is being spent with patients. This makes adequate allocation of time for these courses difficult. (m) Research in those hospitals which have received fede- ral research grants is of high quality. Grants for treatment research usually provide additional personnel. The temporary curtailment of inservice training programs for new psychiatric technicians has had a detrimental effect because of the loss of the vitalizing influence of educational programs on personnel. The reduction of this educational function eliminated new, younger and potentially valuable replacement from the roster of those who deal most directly with the patients. Transfer of more capable mental retardates to special programs in hospitals for the mentally ill has deprived the hospitals for the mentally retarded of valuable patient work contributions, since only the more severely affected patients remain. In several instances, much-needed therapy facilities, smaller wards and classrooms are not fully utilized because of the lack of person- nel to staff them. III. PATIENT SERVICES Most hospitals have had an increase in admissions. Many of these patients are very sick and are being given immediate and intensive care. Treatment of these acutely ill patients has resulted in a greater proportion of personnel time being devoted to this phase of hospital activity. This limits the medical service available for the remaining patients, most of whom primarily are receiving custodial care. Individual psychotherapy is still lacking throughout the system. Group therapy has been used more widely than four years ago. However, recently, the size of the groups has increased, and the frequency of treatment group meetings has decreased. Rehabilitation and occupational therapy programs continue to be inadequate and understaffed. While work can be therapeutic, most of the work assignments for patients seem to be based on hospital needs rather than patient needs. -6- More children are attending educational classes than four years ago, but more teachers' assistants and special supplies are needed in practically every institution to avoid neglect of children who are educable. Patients are dressed in their own individual clothing, as recommended in the 1965 report. For the most part, laundry services are slow and often irregular. When laundry service is inadequate, this additional burden is assumed by ward personnel. In most hospitals a definite improvement was noted in drug supplies as compared with previous surveys. Pharmacies are well staffed in most institutions and pharmaceutical records are in good order in practically every instance. Drugs are being used more frequently as a primary factor in patient treatment. Recommendations made in the 1965 report in regard to shock treatment safeguards have been carried out in all but a few instances; electro- shock therapy is used less frequently than four years ago. Adequacy of clinical records ranged from poor to excellent. Even in institutions with excellent records the equipment and means for keeping them are outmoded or inoperative and clerical help is swamped. Frequently, record-keeping takes valuable professional time away from patient care. Chaplain services are available and being utilized although in some instances, they could be expanded and improved. The ongoing reorganization of the hospital system to provide services to patients from the surrounding geographic area is a positive re- flection of recent trends in psychiatric care. This regionalization allows greater continuity of care as well as better communication and coordination between hospital staff, community physicians and local mental health resources. Aftercare programs need to be better coordinated in almost every instance. Satellite services, maintained by some hospitals in the communities they serve, provide pre-admission screening and aftercare. They have been rendering valuable services. Local programs must be urged to assume these functions immediately. IV. MEDICAL AND SURGICAL SERVICES Medical and surgical services are adequate. Some are excellent. Relationships with nearby community physicians have been improved in some instances. While consultants are used upon occasion, community resources should more often be utilized to provide many services; i.e., laboratory, intensive care, surgery and X-ray, more effectively and economically. -7- The most uniform deficiency in the medical services is the lack of modern, functioning medical and surgical equipment and frequent absence of disposable items which could cut housekeeping time and expenses considerably. Contract services with community resources could solve this problem. Medical records, while usually adequate, are frequently located in files away from the wards and are almost inaccessible for routine reference. This is a difficult problem which can be solved only by more sophisticated record-keeping systems. Safeguards provided in radiology departments are an improvement over four years ago. Anesthesia is properly administered by trained personnel. COMMENDATIONS All teams reported they received the utmost in cooperation from both administration and staff. Hospitals with serious administrative problems in the 1965 report have improved considerably. The staffs of the hospitals are to be commended for their performance under difficult circumstances and with the continuing inadequate numbers of personnel noted in earlier surveys. Nursing personnel especially has shown sincere dedication and ingenuity in the care of patients. Nurses and psychiatric technicians are working extra hours and must later take compensatory time off with resulting decreases in on-duty staff. CONCLUSIONS I. The continuing decrease in hospital population is a result of several factors, including the following: (a) More intensive treatment for the newly-admitted patient has shortened individual hospitalization periods. (b) The greater number of voluntary admissions has made possible the premature self-discharge by patients before completion of treatment. (c) Certain patients are being discharged from state hospitals to other appropriate facilities in the community. (d) The Short-Doyle program has assumed responsibility for some 42,000 of the acutely mentally ill patients. However, the population of the state is increasing to a degree that keeps first admission rates constant. -8- II. The alteration of the characteristics and care requirements of the current inhospital population necessarily requires greater, more flexible and more innovational use of treatment personnel. III. These alterations of patient characteristics have left a hard core of patients with difficult problems, who require a higher ratio of treatment personnel per patient to provide adequate care. Daily patient census does not fully reflect staffing needs. IV. Reductions in the 1967-1968 Budget have been detrimental to the maintenance of the hospitals' physical plants. V. The problems of personnel morale and recruitment have been made even more difficult than usual because of unfortunate controversy and uncertainty. VI. Patient care, particularly in the area of new admissions, has shown improvement over conditions found in our earlier survey, reported in 1965. RECOMMENDATIONS The California Medical Association Committee on Mental Health recom- mends that: I. The "Staffing Standards for Public Mental Hospitals," as reported to the State Senate by the California Commission on Staffing Standards in February 1967, be adopted immediately and implemented as rapidly as possible. The "Staffing the Care of Patients Effectively" (SCOPE) surveys based upon an industrial engineering study of nursing personnel in the California State hospitals for the mentally ill and retarded, can accurately monitor the level of patient care on the wards. II. The Department of Bio-Statistics of the State Department of Mental Hygiene should continue studies determining length of patient stay, why and under what conditions patients leave, how many patients return and how soon after leaving the hospital. III. The Department of Mental Hygiene should be encouraged to con- tinue its efforts to secure more appropriate placement for patients who do not continue to require medical and nursing services in a hospital. IV. Wherever possible, patients should be admitted to State mental hospitals only by referral from local private physicians or the local mental health program. V. Provision should be made for the Department of Mental Hygiene to establish a class of personnel which would perform nontechnical ward duties. -9- VI. Contractual arrangements with other community resources should be made for provision of service functions which could be more effectively and economically provided by such resources than by the hospitals attempting to provide these services themselves. VII. Provision should be made for a stepped-up program of out-of- state recruitment to enable the filling of vacant but authorized staff positions. VIII. Independent surveys of the state mental institutions should become an ongoing program of the California Medical Association, perhaps through a Board of Medical Visitors for each hospital. IX. Continuity of treatment supervision should be continuously reevaluated to be sure patients receive adequate treatment after discharge. X. Efforts should be made to correct, at the earliest possible time, the existing defects in physical plant and maintenance. Hental STATE OF CALIFORNIA-HEALTH AND WELFARE AGENCY RONALD REAGAN, Governor DEPARTMENT OF MENTAL HYGIENE 1500 FIFTH STREET SACRAMENTO 95814 file July 30, 1968 Mr. Curt Taylor Executive Assistant to the General Manager California State Employees' Association 1108 0 Street Sacramento, California 95814 Dear Curt: This is the follow-up to our telephone conversation of this morning. Quite naturally, I am in no position to dispute the survey, but I surely can dispute the statement, "As soon as this backward movement is stopped, we hope the Adminis- tration will start moving forward with the 14-point program announced by the Governor." The Governor has not only started, but you can see for yourself that no grass has grown under his feet. Let's take them point by point: 1. Establishment of two additional Mental Not only is the Administration supporting Retardation Regional Centers. this, but it is supporting the estab- lishment of four instead of two, which will bring the total to six Mental Retardation Regional Centers. 2. Junking of the obsolete 1952 standards The Governor has adopted the Commission's for staffing hospitals for the mentally standards and the budget for this fiscal ill and adoption in principle of the year has funds to achieve the first of a standards set forth in 1967 by the series of increases required to reach California Commission on Hospital full implementation of the standards Standards. Implementation of these within the next five years. I know you standards will be in phases consistent are aware that the 1952 standards had with sound hospital and management not been achieved by 1967. practices. 3. Creation of a Board of Medical Visitors With the exception of one hospital, for each state mental hospital to which is awaiting the nomination of a insure on-going surveys of each physician from a particular county, institution. the boards of medical visitors have been appointed. 4. Inspection of hospital buildings by The first inspection has been completed the Department of General Services to and the Department of General Services assure their proper maintenance. will conduct periodic, scheduled inspections to assure that the buildings are properly maintained. Mr. Curt Taylor -2- July 30, 1968 5. Instructions to Spencer Williams, This is still under study. Secretary of Human Relations, to determine why there are major quality variances among the mental hospitals and to find out why some are not operated as well or as efficiently as they should be. 6. Action aimed at determining at the The plan has been completed, and rather earliest date what hospital facilities than phase-out of hospitals, beds should be phased out or eliminated in vacated by mentally ill patients can the light of basic changes in the be used for treatment units for the patient load because of greater mentally retarded, where there is still emphasis on local care and treatment. some overcrowding. 7. Implementation of a program to Farming operations will be discontinued eliminate gradually out-dated within the near future except at two functions such as farming operations hospitals. at some of the hospitals. 8. Phasing out of surgical facilities Surveys and negotiations with local at some of the hospitals, particu- general hospitals are underway. It larly where better treatment for may not be possible to obtain these patients can be obtained nearby at services at less cost, and so the less cost. implementation may not be possible. Also, the hospitals in areas where most of the state hospitals are located may not be able to handle an increased surgical load. 9. Immediate establishment of standards The 70 square feet was established. requiring 70 square feet of space per The Department has been trying for patient bed. For the past three three decades to gain this standard. decades, the state's standard for The number of patients in the each patient has been less than 55 hospitals for the mentally ill is square feet. The 70 square feet lower than the rated bed capacity standard is the nationally-accepted of 70 square feet per patient. standard. 10. Adoption of clear-cut and definitive Adopted--copies are attached. goals for the treatment of the mentally ill and the mentally retarded. These goals have been acclaimed by leaders in the mental health field. 11. Re-evaluation of the budget for mental The budget was re-evaluated, and the health in the light of the most up-to- 1967-68 budget was increased by date information available, based on $1,800,000. The budget submitted in need as well as resources available. January (the 1968-69 budget) was increased by over $6,000,000. Mr. Curt Taylor -3- July 30, 1968 12. Renewed instructions to Dr. James Still in effect. It means that the Lowry, Director of the Department of Department of Mental Hygiene has the Mental. Hygiene, that he has now as he authority to utilize funds appropriated has had in the past year complete for professional positions that are discretion in maintaining the staffing vacant for any health care personnel requirements and levels for care of that are available for employment. patients. 13. Streamlining of administrative functions The new reorganization was approved and within the Department aimed at greater became effective July 1. A copy of the efficiency which can be reflected in chart is attached. better care for patients. 14. Creation of an advisory committee to the The Governor's Advisory Committee on Governor on mental health. Mental Health has been appointed and the first meeting should occur in the near future. Relative to the statement, implementation of the program will not begin until 1970", I pointed out under Number 2 above that there are funds in this year's budget to start in the hospitals. This is a total of 487 additional positions, and is the first increment toward meeting the staffing standards. 148 of the positions are in hospitals for the mentally ill, 312 in hospitals for the mentally retarded, and 27 for the mentally retarded in hospitals with both mentally ill and mentally retarded. These positions are in addition to those required to continue to maintain the level of care provided on July 1, 1966. As you are aware, that was the budget in effect in the year when the Governor took office, and was the highest staffing ratio ever achieved within the Department during the last three decades. I have never researched beyond that. Sincerely, Alcan Alfred M. Calais Public Information Officer AMC: 1fb CC: Dr. James V. Lowry Mr. Robert Fugina Mr. Paul Beck Attachments How Employees Rate Today's Hospital Care Compared to 1966 OCCUPATIONAL NUMBER OF EMPLOYEES 100 200 250 300 400 500 600 700 750 800 900 1000 1100 GROUPS MUCH BETTER SOMEWHAT BETTER ABOUT THE SAME MUCH WORSE SOMEWHAT WORSE WASN'T HERE IN 1966 DMH Staff Says State Mental Care Fails Most employees who care for patients in state 71 percent said there is less care and treatment. professional standards, and 11 percent listed num- mental hospitals believe that standards of care and 18 percent said the quality or quantity of food, hous- erous other proposals. treatment have declined since 1967 budget cuts ing and other living conditions is worse. were imposed. 71 percent of support services personnel (main- o 79 percent said that staff training is either non- tenance, food service, laundry, etc.) said their level An even greater number of employees in main- existent or reduced. of service has dropped. tenance, food service, laundry and other support work say the level of services they provide is lower 33 percent of clerical employees in medical because of the budget cuts. asked to list priorities for improving patient records sections said their services are better care, 51 percent said more staff is needed; 10 per- 17 percent said they are about the same. This the More than three-quarters of the nursing staff- cent proposed better use of staff; 10 percent sug- best showing by any hospital service. Only 37 per- doctors, registered nurses, psychiatric technicians, gested better facilities; 12 percent asked for higher cent said their services are poorer. psychologists, therapists, social workers - lay principal blame for reduced patient care on a short- age of staff and low employee morale. These opinions are among dozens offered by 3,567 hospital personnel who answered sponsored questionnaire last March and April Tab- Survey Replies Say Short Staff, Low ulation of the responses was completed last week by CSEA Headquarters Office. Morale Hinders Mental Patient Care Information developed by the survey will be used by CSEA to back its argument that more staff, not less, is needed in the hospitals. The final question on the questionnaire asked the employee if he wished to add any comments. Many did. Here are repre- A. Curtis Taylor, executive assistant to the CSEA sentative samples of what they said: general manager, said copies of the survey report have been submitted to the governor's office and to Department of Mental Hygiene officials. We need more help. These patients are getting more psychotic and we can't do any- Much has been stressed about increase in "We hope that this survey will prompt an im- thing about it. It is your duty to them and patient injury It must be mentioned that mediate stop to the cutback in hospital jobs," to the general public to do something for personnel injuries are just as important Taylor said. "As soon as this backward movement is these people, SO they can once again go out Inadequate staffing on acute wards lead to stopped, we hope the administration will start mov- and lead a normal, fruitful life. patients attacking personnel Inadequate ing forward with the 14-point program announced - Psychiatric Technician staffing on geriatric wards where much lifting by the governor." is required, and increase in PT work loads, leads to more back injuries and strains. Governor Ronald Reagan announced in February Prior to the budget cuts, it was my feeling Psychiatric Technician that he had adopted a 14-point program of improve- that we at this hospital were reaching a staff- ments in the hospitals, including the staffing recom- patient ratio where effective work was pos- mendations submitted by the California sible in small group situations and one-to-one I had five technicians on the p.m. shift; I Commission on Staffing Standards in January 1967. relationships with patients throughout the now have two - usually only one working However, implementation of the program will not hospital. My first reaction to the cuts was with me. This is an admission ward with begin until 1970. that we were being penalized for the accom- acutely ill psychotics, etc. No time for patient Taylor said the opinion survey was undertaken plishments that had been made. contact anymore. by CSEA to find out what employees them- Rehabilitation Therapist Nurse, R.N. selves think has happened to the standards of treat- ment and services they render." Those at the "top of the ladder" SO to speak, Following are highlights of the statistics: I thank you for allowing me to make my are not looking to the future. There will feelings and observations known. I hope always be suffering humans with mental 67 percent of nursing staff respondents said some good will come of it. I enjoy my work that patient care is "somewhat worse" or "much disorders who will require supervision and when I feel I am accomplishing something care. Who will do this? Your older PTs are worse,' 19 percent said it is "about the same," and helping others to do this. I haven't felt while 8 percent said it is "somewhat better" or retiring, quitting and dying. How many young very satisfied lately and I've become very ones are left? Very few! The ones who are "much better." (Among those who said that care is tired and have seen this in my employees. capable of doing a job are seeking employ- the same or better are employees of hospitals for However, I'm still hopeful for the future as the mentally retarded, which were not affected by ment elsewhere. They just can't stand work- I feel things can't get much worse. And with the budget cuts to the same extent as hospitals for ing in a surrounding which promises no continued investigations and re-evaluations, the mentally ill.) improvement in patient care, treatment or the truth of our needs is bound to come out in hope of advancement. the open. 77 percent said the cause of reduced patient Psychiatric Technician Psychiatric Technician care is shortage of staff and low employee morale. THE CALIFORNIA STATE EMPLOYEE, JULY 26, 1968 TH Mental FOR RELEASE: 1:30 p.m. WEDNESDAY, July 2 1969 Statement by Spencer Williams, Secretary Human Relations Agency of the State of California to Senate Business and Professions Committee State Capitol Sacramento, California This hearing is called to consider a report that the Human Relations Agency originated. The Agency arranged for the study, employed the independent consultants and provided the Committee with the report. Dr. Lowry and I wanted an objective group to give us a responsible impartial report of the care of the retarded in order that we might further improve that care. We asked that the problems be exposed with a view to their correction. We recognize, as does the Committee, that this is a controversial field in which experts disagree and in which any finding is likely to be controversial. This has been compounded in the matter before you because what you have had up to now is not the total report. Instead you have had a report on one hospital out of nine hospitals that serve the retarded ----- and not the report of the task force, but rather a report of consultants to the consultants. You have had a piece of an appendix to a report. And the one that has been publicly published isn't even that. It's a draft of a piece of an appendix to a report. Furthermore, state hospitalization of the retarded is but one segment and a small one at that --- of the total care of the retarded. Therefore, I think that it is appropriate that we place some perspective on the report concerning Sonoma State Hospital. This is not to say that I am unconcerned about the report. I am quite concerned about the report and I am determined that we shall further improve conditions there. To provide this perspective, I want you to have the total report concerning our State hospitals for the retarded and I want to describe the place of state hospitalization in the total system of care for the retarded. Governor Ronald Reagan believes, and has moved to implement, the concept that development of the retarded to his fullest potential is best achieved by care and treatment in the community. -2- We have moved in a variety of ways to implement that concept. New legislation that went into effect July 1 offers the potential of an increase in services to the retarded. This legislation was a part of a comprehensive revision of our mental health system. Other legislation now under consideration (AB 225) can do even more. Since 1957 California has supported a jointly-financed state-county community mental health service that in the last fiscal year embraced 47 of our 58 counties and more than 95 percent of our state population. Funding proportions and many other elements of the community programs are changed by the new legislation. As it affects the retarded, the basic changes are those which increase the range of services to include rehabilitation and partial hospitalization and which clearly state that a physician other than a psychiatrist may be used when it is more appropriate to the treatment needs of a retared patient. Despite the new legislation's fiscal emphasis on treatment of the mentally ill, plans submitted by the counties provide for a perceptible increase in services offered to the retarded starting in July. I anticipate that as experience with the new procedures is gained, there will be greater increases in the services offered to the retarded through the community mental health programs. The new legislation now under consideration and strongly supported by the Administration, brings all the diverse elements of the mental retardation services together in a single coordinated system. The key to the effectiveness of this system is the Regional Diagnostic Center. The centers provide diagnosis, counseling, and help provide services to the retarded and their families. They also perform the admission functions for the state hospitals and after-care placement. Three such centers are currently in operation. Three additional centers will soon be opened. The centers not only increase the professional resources available to the retarded and their families, they also facilitate the use of all existing resources. -3- An important feature of the community-based center is its function in setting priorities. Within the limits of the contractual amounts, the center can deter- mine who needs services most and what services it can support. Obvious needs and available services can be matched in this way, structuring an array of services to meet actual needs. This way the concerned individuals at the local level participate in the decision- making process. We feel this is far more desirable than establishment of priorities in Sacramento and offering them to the community on a take-or-leave-it basis. It is our hope that by the use of local planning and regional centers all of the communities in California will determine for themselves how best to care for their retarded. The State's role will then be one of setting standards and providing guidance and funds, not one of directing operations and exerting stringent controls. As a result of 1967 legislation and increased state financial support, there was substantial expansion of development centers for handicapped minors. These 29 centers provide day service for retarded and other youngsters so severely handicapped that they cannot participate in even the special education courses in the public schools. More than 1,000 children are cared for in these centers, permitting their parents to work. The program also reduces the need for institutionalization. The public schools provide classes for both the educable retarded and more recently the trainable. There are more than 65,000 children in these classes. Much of the community-based effort that I have SO far discussed has been aimed at providing prompt, flexible, close to home care to prevent needless hospitalization. There is, however, a second thrust at the community. That is to return persons to the community from the state hospitals. This involves both the provision of more intensive services in the hospitals and the development of community resources. At the present time and primarily because of fiscal advantages, the State Department of Social Welfare operates the placement and after-care programs for the retarded released from state hospitals. There has been a dramatic upsurge in -4- community placement since June, 1967. In about two years the caseload has increased from 3,500 to 5,700. The Department basically purchases needed community services. The Department is also financing a special pilot program under which retarded receiving aid as totally disabled are referred to sheltered workshops for vocational evaluation. The program was funded at 200 and we are asking that it be increased to 350 this year. Some do prove to have the potential for vocational training, but the main benefit has been to improve their capacity to manage for themselves. I should mention, in this connection, that we have about 19,000 retarded individuals receiving aid to the disabled under our welfare program. The retarded represent only a minor portion of that total program which serves more than 141,000 persons currently. While we are moving into more effective community treatment, we are at the same time strengthening hospital services. The ratio of hospital treatment staff to patients has been improved for the first time in years. In 1967-68, the number of filled treatment positions in our state hospitals for the retarded increased by more than 200. In the year just ended, the number of filled treatment positions was further increased by an additional 300 personnel. That is a total of 500 more staff in less than 24 months. We are currently requesting an additional 200 positions. Most of these would be a new class we call hospital workers. They will relieve the nursing staff of some of their routine duties and permit them to provide more treatment time. The worker classification has another benefit in that it provides a career opening for the disadvantaged. The California Commission on Hospital Standards conducted a study employing industrial engineering and aero-space techniques to determine staff requirements in terms of patients and their varying needs. We have adopted those standards. They replaced lower, less scientific standards, set in 1952. Those previous standards had not been achieved 15 years later. This Administration, however, is moving aggressively to meet the new standards and plans to achieve them in the next five years. -5- We have adopted the national 70-square foot standard and achieved it at our new units for the retarded at Agnews, Camarillo and Napa. These units have been set up in capacity vacated by our rapidly declining mental hospital population. Overcrowding continues at the four hospitals exclusively for the retarded although the opening of the new units and the decline in the total have effected some reduction. The State Department of Rehabilitation plays an important and growing role in all of these programs, both in the hospitals and in the community and in cooperation with other state departments, local school districts and community mental health programs. Back in 1958, the predecessor of the Department rehabilitated 12 retarded persons. In the last fiscal year the Department rehabilitated about 1300 retarded persons. The increase was spurred by the creation of the cooperative programs, especially those directly with the school districts. Another more basic factor was also involved in the great increase in the number of retarded served. This was the fact that as the Department gained experience with the retarded it became more willing to undertake additional programs with retarded clients. Services for the retarded have also been stimulated by the Regional and Community Planning Project. The State contracted with the California Council for Retarded Children to administer the Project. It in turn worked through local voluntary agencies, providing an in-depth community involvement. Community placements have been facilitated by a recent law providing that the State Director of Public Health can be named guardian or conservator for a retarded person. This gives the family the security of knowing that there will always be someone to protect the retarded person and his interests. As I have described our program, you may have been mentally checking off the number and variety of organizations involved in providing service. I have mentioned five major State departments which have direct responsibilities to the retarded. There are other departments as well as the various community organizations. This, obviously, creates problems of coordination. -6- There are studies underway seeking improved coordination. I want to avoid, however, the creation of some monolithic organization designed solely to serve the retarded. I would prefer to see us make the maximum use of our general resources with each of them serving the retarded as appropriate along with others. We need a nice balance of efficiency and variety of service. Our current objective is to maintain our retarded fellows in the mainstream of our society. Our ultimate objective is reduction of mental retardation through research and its application. We are pursuing this goal in a variety of ways. The new research program at the Neuropsychiatric Institute in Los Angeles is off to a running start. The Center, a cooperative venture between the Department of Mental Hygiene and the University of California, is one of 12 such research establishments in this country. The four-story physical facilities have been completed. The out-patient unit is in operation, serving over 100 patients a month. The first in-patients have been admitted. A variety of intensive, generally short-term, treatments are offered. The facility will demonstrate good clinical practice as part of the residency training program. Nine interdisciplinary research teams are already at work. There are 25 teams planned, falling in four basic divisions: neuro-biology; neuro-chemistry; neuro-physiology; and a social, behavioral, epidemilogical section. Researchers from a variety of specialities will conduct the wide-ranging research. Basic research is planned in genetics and brain structure. The way protein is formed is to be investigated in relations to PKU. The influence of socio-economic factors is another subject of study. Elsewhere the development of new vaccines for prevention of diseases known to be associated with retardation also holds out great hope that the incidence of retardation can be significantly reduced. California is now spending about $140-million a year from its General Fund for services to the retarded. In addition there is another $20-million or more in federal and county funds that is expended. In summary, there is substantial progress being made. It is a time of ferment, of advances in research, of improved services and particularly in the development -7- of comprehensive, locally-based community program through state-community partnership. But still there is much more to be done. Progress is never fast enough for those who devote their professional careers to a compelling social problem or for those who suffer the effects of the problem. The report that this Agency had made and has placed before you raises problems but it also points the way to additional progress. I am really amazed that in the many decades in which the State has been involved in the care of the retarded, there has been no master plan developed. I have today directed the development of a master plan to encourage the maximum growth, development and fulfillment of each individual who is mentally handicapped. This is the number one recommendation of the task force and one with which I wholeheartedly subscribe. While this plan is being formulated we shall proceed to implement the other three major points submitted to me for action by the task force so far as the Legislature will permit. We shall expand the Regional Diagnostic and Counseling Center network to provide residential and other services as close as possible to the individual's home consistent with quality care. We will encourage innovation in provision of residential care, but always with the best interest of the individual uppermost. And the centers will provide a single point of entry into the system to help each parent learn what his child needs and to secure the necessary resources. Other major recommendations of the study have been directed to Dr. Lowry. He has already told me that there are some of these that he can begin to implement at once. Others will require extensive study, both by his department and other agencies such as the State Personnel Board. We will be pleased to report back to the Committee when we have explored these further, Meantime, we urge the Committee to support our efforts to provide an integrated, modern, effective system of care for California's retarded. ###