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[Criminal Justice] - California Crime Technological Research Foundation, Annual Report 1973
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Ronald Reagan Presidential Library
Digital Library Collections
This is a PDF of a folder from our textual collections.
Collection: Reagan, Ronald: Gubernatorial Papers,
1966-74: Press Unit
Folder Title: [Criminal Justice] - California Crime
Technological Research Foundation,
Annual Report 1973
Box: P34
To see more digitized collections visit:
https://reaganlibrary.gov/archives/digital-library
To see all Ronald Reagan Presidential Library inventories visit:
https://reaganlibrary.gov/document-collection
Contact a reference archivist at: [email protected]
Citation Guidelines: https://reaganlibrary.gov/citing
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CTR
THE
DELIVERIAL GREAT SEAL CALIFORNIA EUREKA OF THE
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BOARD OF DIRECTORS
CALIFORNIA CRIME TECHNOLOGICAL RESEARCH FOUNDATION
Mr. Michael N. Canlis, Chairman
Mr. Harold W. Ezell
Sheriff-Coroner
Corporate Secretary
San Joaquin County
Der Wienerschnitzel International, Inc.
Mr. Frank T. Ruzic, Vice Chairman
Mr. B. James Glavas
Vice President
Chief of Police
Bank of America
Newport Beach
Dr. Lawrence A. Bennett
Dr. Keith Griffiths
Chief, Research Division
Chief, Research and Development
Department of Corrections
Department of the Youth Authority
Dr. Ralph C. Bledsoe
Dr. Donald E. McKenzie
Director
Manager, Chemistry Technology Group
School of Public Administration
Atomics International Division
University of Southern California
North American Rockwell Corporation
Dr. Alan A. Burrows
Dr. Paul M. Whisenand
Director of Science Research
Associate Professor
McDonnell Douglas
Department of Criminology
Douglas Aircraft Company
California State University, Long Beach
Mr. Hayden A. Carney
Dr. Vernon L. Grose
Attorney at Law
Vice President
Christie, Parker & Hale
Tustin Institute of Technology
Justice Lynn D. Compton
Mr. Lambert T. Dolphin, Jr.
Court of Appeal
Senior Physicist
Second District, Division Two
Stanford Research Institute
Mr. Robert A. Houghton
Mr. D. Lowell Jensen
Director, Division of Law Enforcement
District Attorney
Department of Justice
Alameda County
Col. Anthony L. Palumbo, Executive Director
Justice Allison M. Rouse
Office of Criminal
Court of Appeal
Justice Planning
State of California
Dr. Charles P. Smith
Mr. Alvin Taylor
Project Director
Executive Director
American Justice Institute
Bay Area Social Planning Council
Mr. Richard Creeggan
Legal Advisor
Mr. Douglas E. Roudabush
Executive Director
CCTRF
1973
ANNUAL
REPORT
California Crime Technological Research Foundation
7171 Bowling Drive
Sacramento, California
95823
CTR
CALIFORNIA CRIME TECHNOLOGICAL RESEARCH FOUNDATION
7171 Bowling Drive, Suite 190, Sacramento, California 95823, Telephone 916/322-2700
DOUGLAS E. ROUDABUSH, Executive Director
TO: The Governor, Legislature and People of the State
of California:
It gives me great pleasure to submit this Annual Report
for the California Crime Technological Research Foundation.
The report is submitted under the requirements of Title 7
of the California Penal Code, Section 14011.
CCTRF was created to stimulate, encourage, conduct, evalu-
ate and sponsor research and development in the field of
scientific and technological aids for the prevention and
detection of crime, the apprehension and treatment of
criminals and the improvement of the administration of
criminal justice in California.
The Foundation's activities and accomplishments during
1973 saw an increase in funding and staff precipitated by
the accomplishments of prior years.
In the area of crime prevention, we have established a
program and conducted original research for the Attorney
General to be used in developing building security perform-
ance standards for residential and small commercial struc-
tures as assigned by Assembly Bill 3030 passed in the 1971
legislative session. This work has resulted in some orig-
inal developments which could result in patents to the
State of California, probably providing a source of revenue
to the State.
Other efforts in the area of crime prevention include the
Foundation's study of the extent and nature of technical
problems relating to the security of explosive storage
facilities. A survey of the industry indicated a need to
require additional security devices because 25% of the
facilities have had thefts in the last five years. One
type of security device has been designed and built with
funds from industry. The successful test of this program
will be a major contributer to the standards we were to
develop as an assignment received under Assembly Bill 2267
passed in the 1972 legislative session.
A NON - PROFIT PUBLIC CORPORATION
The Governor, Legislature and
People of the State of California
Page 2
The Foundation has worked with the Department of Fish
and Game to provide a device to prevent crime and detect
unlawful intrusion in ecological preserves in the State.
The Foundation made a study and conducted a field demon-
stration at Morro Rock which has resulted in funding
being made available to the State of California by the
Defenders of Wildlife and the National Audubon Society
for installation of the device which will alert law
enforcement to any unlawful trespass on Morro Rock.
The construction industry has funded the Foundation to
build and test electronic security devices for job-site
protection which are not available commercially. The use
of these devices to prevent crime will undoubtedly reduce
the cost of crime to the taxpayer.
California is the leading state in many areas, and the
criminal justice field is no exception. As the lead
state in Project SEARCH, whose mission is to provide
research and development in the area applying to all 50
states, CCTRF has provided staff support to many innovative
projects. These projects include the development of a
computerized criminal history system, an Offender-Based
Transactional Statistics System, a Standardized Crime
Reporting System, a Model State Identification Bureau
Project, a Standard Criminal Justice Data Elements Manual
Project, a Criminalistics Laboratory Information System,
a Latent Fingerprint Study, an Equipment Systems Improve-
ment Program, the Security and Privacy and Legislative
Review Functions of Project SEARCH, the National Law Enforce-
ment Teletype System, and a National Telecommunication
Requirements Analysis which could lead to a satellite-
based telecommunications system. The Foundation is gearing
up to provide support to a State Judicial Information
System Project and a Prisoner Accounting Information
System Project.
In the area of organized crime control, the Foundation
has been involved in a study and the development of an
Interstate Organized Crime Index (IOCI). It appears that
a nationwide operational system will result from this work.
A most important planning step was completed during 1973.
The CCTRF Board and staff developed a research program
that addresses nine specific problem areas in the California
The Governor, Legislature and
People of the State of California
Page 3
criminal justice system. The problem areas have been ranked
in priority by severity, probability of occurrence, and
resources needed to eliminate or control the problem. The
number one priority problem was determined to be the need
to build a model of the criminal justice system in California,
and the Foundation's efforts will be directed toward that
end in the coming year.
The Board and staff are proud of their efforts and accom-
plishments during 1973, and are eagerly looking forward to
effectively addressing the problems of the criminal justice
system in California. We believe that these problems can
best be handled by this type of "independent" agency because
of the inherent advantages of a public corporation which
allow the Foundation to operate in all private and public
sectors in seeking funds to pursue the priorities set forth
by the Legislature, the Governor, and the Foundation's Board
of Directors.
Respectfully submitted,
Nouglas DOUGLAS E. ROUDABUSH
E,Rondclush
Executive Director
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Section
Page
I.
ACCOMPLISHMENTS
1
A. Development of a Pool of Outside Resources for Assistance in Scientific and
Technological Research and Development
1
B. The Conduct of Scientific and Technological Research and Development with
Application to Crime Prevention and Detection and Criminal Apprehension
1
C.
The Dissemination of Information
2
D.
Influence Criminal Justice Priorities
2
E.
Services to Governmental Agencies
3
F. The Transfer of Developments to Industry for Production and Distribution
3
II. ORGANIZATION AND RESOURCES
5
A.
Board of Directors
7
B.
Committees
7
C. Staff
9
D. Funds
10
III. OBJECTIVES PROGRAMS AND PRIORITIES
13
IV. SPECIFIC CCTRF PROJECTS
19
A.
Project SEARCH
21
B. CCTRF Developmental Laboratory
24
C.
Crime Analysis Unit Handbook
26
D. Interstate Organized Crime Index (IOCI) Project
27
V. FUTURE OUTLOOK
31
APPENDIX A - CCTRF Background and General Description
37
APPENDIX B - CCTRF Enabling Legislation
39
CCTRF's New Quarters Located in South Sacramento
SECTION I -
ACCOMPLISHMENTS
Test Fixture, Developed by CCTRF to Simulate Human
I. ACCOMPLISHMENTS
A. Development of a pool of Outside Resources for Assistance in Scientific and Technological Re-
search and Development.
The California Crime Technological Research Foundation (CCTRF), guided by a
non-compensated Board of Directors, has been able to muster resources and talent from
government and industry not generally available to the criminal justice system, at little or no
cost to CCTRF and the State of California. The Foundations' involvement in Project SEARCH,
IOCI and other federally-funded programs have made a great deal of expertise available to
CCTRF by virtue of its association with criminal justice experts across the nation. People with
whom CCTRF staff members have worked closely include: court administrators; heads of city,
county, and state police agencies; state criminal justice information system directors; state
planning agency directors; heads of state bureaus of investigation and identification; systems
operation personnel; heads of state and local correctional operations, and judges, as well as
members of various local, state, regional, and federal agencies.
The bulk of scientific and technological talent is found in private industry and institutions of
higher learning, and CCTRF is continuing its efforts in working closely with these enterprises.
The Foundation is supported by industry through the donation of goods and services, as well as
under the provisions of contracts between private firms and the State of California. The transfer
of technology from the private business sector to the criminal justice disciplines is of paramount
importance, and CCTRF's efforts are directed towards this transfer. The reception which the
Foundation has received in the business community is encouraging, and has prompted the
Foundation to seek many other avenues of applying this technology to the criminal justice
system.
The Foundation's staff has reviewed during the past year well over a hundred bids from private
contractors, and as a result, 24 contracts were placed with firms in the private sector. Staff's
contact with private industry has as one of its goals developing an understanding in these
companies of the problems of the criminal justice system.
The Foundation has developed an excellent working relationship with industry, other branches
of government, and will continue to expand its role in the area of technology transfer.
B. The Conduct of Scientific and Technological Research and Development with Application to
Crime Prevention and Detection and Criminal Apprehension.
1) CCTRF is participating in Project SEARCH whose mission is to develop and test prototype
systems which have multi-state utility for the application of advanced technology to the
administration of criminal justice. SEARCH includes all fifty states and three territories as
participants. A discussion of SEARCH/CCTRF projects may be found in Section IV.
2) The CCTRF developmental laboratory has expanded its research and development
capabilities. The lab's major impact on criminal justice is directed toward the area of the
application of scientific and technological capabilities to the problems of crime prevention.
A significant result of the laboratory's research and development programs has been the
Foundation's ability to isolate and apply for patents on ideas developed under the research
and development programs. With the ability to patent, CCTRF could license manufacturers
to produce products utilizing the ideas developed, and possibly procure a source of revenue
to the State of California from the licensing of these patents.
A discussion of the CCTRF developmental laboratory projects can be found in Section IV.
1
3) CCTRF completed a grant project to conduct research and write a handbook on the
establishment and operation of a crime analysis unit in local law enforcement agencies. This
project is also discussed in detail in Section IV.
4) CCTRF is participating in an independent evaluation of an existing prototype Interstate
Organized Crime Index and is making recommendations for improvements and
modifications to the demonstration system. This independent evaluation is designed to
develop an "ideal" interstate organized crime information system. A discussion of this
project may be found in Section IV.
C. The Dissemination of Information
One of the major tools in the fight against crime is information. For major technical advances to
be useful against crime, their existence must be communicated to appropriate agencies. CCTRF
printed and distributed nationally during 1973 the following PROJECT SEARCH documents:
Newsletter: one volume-three issues-9,000 copies
Technical Reports and Memorandum: (all over 5,000 copies each):
1) Designing a Statewide Criminal Justice Statistics System-An Examination of the Five-State
Implementation
2) A Model Act for Criminal Offender Record Information
3) Project SEARCH Security and Privacy publications
4) Design of a Model State Identification Bureau
5) Terminal Users Agreement for CCH and Other Criminal Justice Information
Proceedings of the International Symposium on Criminal Justice Information and Statistics
Systems-5,000 copies.
In addition, CCTRF produced:
(1) A report to the Attorney General's Building Security Commission.
(2) A report on a laser-based security system-OPERATION BREAKTHROUGH.
(3) A Police Crime Analysis Unit Handbook-This publication has been presented to LEAA in
camera ready form and is expected to be printed and distributed in 1974.
Finally, CCTRF Board and staff serve as guest lecturers at appropriate forums at the local, state,
and federal levels.
D. Influence Criminal Justice Priorities
CCTRF achievement in the transfer of technology to criminal justice has played a valuable role
in Project SEARCH, the Interstate Organized Crime Index Project and our laboratory projects.
Unfortunately, budget restrictions throughout the nation have caused rather low priorities to be
placed in the area of research and development. There appears to be a general feeling
throughout the nation that research and development costs enormous amounts of money, both
2
for research and for implementation. CCTRF's staff research has shown this not to be
necessarily so. High sophistication is needed in some areas and large sums of money will be
required to satisfy these needs. However, there are many applications which can be made fairly
simple and yet are sophisticated enough to maintain an acceptable level of efficiency and can
thereby be afforded by criminal justice agencies.
CCTRF has developed a research program that addresses nine problem areas. These problems
have been ranked in priority by severity, probability of occurrence and resources required to
eliminate or control the problem. We hope through the prioritized problem approach to provide
a model to influence the criminal justice priorities.
E. Services to Governmental Agencies
During 1973 the Foundation provided major technological services to various governmental
agencies and was involved in planning for others.
1) CCTRF continued in their contract with the Department of Corrections for the design,
fabrication, and installation of a perimeter detection system. This system was designed to
thwart escapes, to provide better protection for the guards and to upgrade the security of
the facility. The installation was completed and proved to be very effective. Additionally, a
follow-on contract was awarded to the Foundation to provide a system improvement, the
addition of laser repeaters on long runs of the perimeter fence. This installation increased
the reliability and effectiveness of the system considerably in dense fog.
2) CCTRF continued under contract with the Department of Water Resources to provide a
laser fence at the Coalinga Operations and Maintenance Center to prevent unauthorized
persons from entering the facility. The laser fence provides an economic savings by allowing
unmanned security while preventing burglary, vandalism and the like. The installation is
complete and is operating satisfactorily.
3) The laboratory continued its extensive testing and evaluation program in the area of
building security and support of the Attorney General's Building Security Commission, who
is charged by the legislature to recommend building codes designed to reduce the incidence
of crime. Follow-on funds were received to expand the scope of the project. A discussion of
the Building Security Program may be found in Section IV.
4) The Legislature charged CCTRF with the responsibility for a study on the use of technology
in upgrading the security of explosive storage areas in California. One outgrowth of this
study has been that funds were received from a major explosive manufacturer to install a
security system developed by CCTRF at one facility in California. If the system proves to be
as effective as it is anticipated, we may be able to recommend standards for explosive
magazines plus have one type of equipment that is acceptable.
F. The Transfer of Developments to Industry for Production and Distribution
A major milestone was reached when CCTRF filed a patent application on the logic of a laser
anti-intrusion system. Information has been received that patent coverage will be granted. The
CCTRF Board is developing a patent policy for ideas that may result from our research and
development. The main thrust is not to make money, but to use patents as a tool to
expeditiously introduce new and novel ideas into the area of criminal justice. It is important
that the government protect itself so it does not have to pay for patent use it developed in its
own laboratories.
3
SECTION II - ORGANIZATION AND RESOURCES
TITLE 7. CALIFORNIA PENAL CODE
"14003. Board of directors. Powers and duties. The foundation shall be governed and all of its
corporate powers exercised by a board of directors, which shall consist of the following members
appointed by the Governor, to serve at his pleasure, and confirmed by the Senate: a representative
from the Department of Justice nominated by the Attorney General, a representative from the
Department of the Youth Authority, a representative from the Department of Corrections, a
representative nominated by the Judicial Council, a representative nominated by the State Bar of
California, one district attorney, one chief of police, one sheriff, a faculty member of a college or
university qualified in the subject of criminology or police science, seven persons qualified in the
field of research, development, or system technology, and four public members interested in the
prevention and control of crime. - Added, Stats. 1967, Chap. 1661."
"14010. Contributions and grants may be accepted. Notwithstanding the provisions of any
law or the provisions of any certificate of incorporation, charter, or other articles of
organization, any corporation, association, or person may make contributions to the foundation.
The foundation may accept grants from private sources if the board of directors unanimously
approves each such grant. - Added, Stats. 1967, Chap. 1661."
"14014. Utilizing resources of existing agencies. The foundation may utilize the resources of
existing state agencies pursuant to agreements developed between the foundation and the agencies
concerned. - Added, Stats. 1967, Chap. 1661."
II. ORGANIZATION AND RESOURCES
The California Crime Technological Research Foundation is governed by a 20-man Board of
Directors appointed by the Governor and confirmed by the Senate.
A. BOARD OF DIRECTORS
The membership of the Board of Directors is as follows:
A representative from the Department of Justice
A representative from the Department of the Youth Authority
A representative from the Department of Corrections
A representative nominated by the Judicial Council
A representative nominated by the State Bar of California
A District Attorney
A Chief of Police
A Sheriff
A faculty member of a college or university (criminology or police science)
Seven persons qualified in the field or research, development or system technology
Four public members
B. BOARD COMMITTEES
Standing Committees are the Executive Committee, the Program Development and the Program
Review Committee (see Figure 1).
The responsibilities of the Executive Committee are:
To develop personnel policies and procedures for recommendation to the Board.
To prepare an operating budget for recommendation to the Board.
To develop revisions to Bylaws and/or CCTRF's Policy Statement for recommendation to
the Board.
To review proposed projects or contributions for recommendation to the Board.
To act as required on those matters that must be decided upon between Board meetings
including grant requests, grant awards, project implementation and budget changes.
To report actions to the Board.
The responsibilities of the Program Development Committee are:
To develop and maintain definitive program goals.
To be aware of the changing needs of the criminal justice system.
To be aware of current science and technology in both physical and behavioral sciences.
To select specific projects for short and long range accomplishment.
7
FIGURE 1
CALIFORNIA CRIME
TECHNOLOGICAL
RESEARCH FOUNDATION
Legal Advisor
Richard Creeggan
Resources Staff
Deputy Attorney General
EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE
PROGRAM REVIEW COMMITTEE
PROGRAM DEVELOPMENT
COMMITTEE
F. Ruzic - Chairman
D. McKenzie - Chairman
H. Ezell - Chairman
8
K. Griffiths
R. Houghton
J. Glavas
R. Bledsoe
L. Dolphin
L. Bennett
A. Palumbo
A. Rouse
C. Smith
C. Smith
L. Jensen
A. Burrows
A. Taylor
A. Taylor
H. Carney
D. McKenzie
R. Bledsoe
A. Palumbo
H. Ezell
K. Griffiths
L. Compton
P. Whisenand
V. Grose
EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR
Douglas E. Roudabush
STAFF
To Define Projects
To Prepare Project Development Plan
To Prepare Project Profile (Scope)
To Plan Project Utilization
To Prepare Patent Policy and Program Help
The responsibilities of the Program Review Committee are:
To review all on-going programs for
Cost effectiveness
Schedule
Technical methodology
Quality of talent being used
Applicability to criminal justice system
Audit utility of programs to criminal justice system
C. STAFF
The professional staff involved in criminal justice technology represent nearly 300 years of
experience in fields directly related to their assignments. All have had at least some experience
in combining the application of of technology to the problems of criminal justice (see Figure 2).
FIGURE 2
California Crime Technological Research Foundation
Staff Criminal Justice Experience
LOCAL
COUNTY
STATE
NATIONAL
Law Enforcement
X
X
Courts
X
X
Probation
X
Corrections
X
X
X
Research and Planning
X
X
X
Crime Prevention
X
X
Training
X
X
X
Management and
Administrative
X
X
Identification and
Records
X
Organized Crime
X
X
X
Crime Patterns Analysis
X
Criminalistics
X
X
Telecommunications
X
X
Criminal Justice
Information Systems
X
X
Crime Technology
X
X
X
9
The criminal justice experience of the staff includes nearly every aspect of Corrections - state
and local custody, probation, classification and treatment, parole, supervision, planning,
management and administration. Staff with police backgrounds include experience in patrol,
undercover operations, specialized anti-burglary campaigns, jail and court functions, training,
supervision, etc., in both city and county agencies. CCTRF personnel court experience is
increasing but at present includes only the courtroom experiences of police and probation
officers and parole agents, and of one employees' present enrollment in law school. Employees
have also had experience with criminal justice support elements such as the California
Department of Justice, criminal justice planning such as the Office of Criminal Justice Planning
(nee CCCJ), and other specialized assignments including organized crime, training, criminal
intelligence and crime analysis.
The Staff's technological experience applicable to criminal justice problems includes major
emphasis on design, research and testing of electronics applications to problems characteristic of
those encountered in the field of criminal justice. The Staff have to their personal credit
approximately 20 patents.
The Staff has been involved in some of the very latest and most innovative applications of
science and technology to criminal justice problems, as indicated in Section IV.
D. FUNDS
The source and amount of funds that have been allocated to the Foundation for the current and
prior three fiscal years are shown in Figure 3.
It has been the policy of the CCTRF Board not to request operating funds from the State for
specific projects. The funds other than those used for administrative and control functions have
been received from the Foundation's customers and are attached to a specific project with a
definite goal and require a grant request or a bid proposal.
1. General Funds - An appropriation of $107,670 for FY 73-74 was allocated to the
Foundation. The increase of $27,275 over the previous year's appropriation of $80,395 was
the addition of two employees and the "Cost of Living" increase.
A special appropriation of $20,000 was allocated for a project entitled "Security Study
Relative to Explosive Storage".
2. Federal Funds - Federal dollars were awarded from LEAA through Project SEARCH, the
Interstate Organized Crime Index, and the Crime Analysis Handbook grants.
3. Reimbursements - For FY 73-74, funds were received from the Office of Criminal Justice
Planning (nee CCCJ) for two projects, one entitled "A Technological Approach to Building
Security - 2nd Year" and the other entitled "Technological Crime Prevention and
Detection Research". Funds were also expended from 1972-73 carry over projects.
10
FIGURE 3
CCTRF SOURCE OF FUNDS
(By Fiscal Year Expenditures)
$2,646,669
$1,271,314
$1,151,000
$500
$400
$300
Thousands of Dollars
$200
$100
None
$0
1970/71 FY
1971/72 FY
1972/73 FY
1973/74 FY **
General Funds
Federal Funds
Reimbursements
*Includes $20,000 special Appropriation
**Estimated expenditures for the 1973/74 Fiscal Year
11
CCTRF Staff Engineer and Department of Fish and Game Personnel
at On-Site Test of Morro Rock Intrusion Detection System.
SECTION III - OBJECTIVES, PROGRAMS
AND PRIORITIES
CCTRF Staff Engineer Discusses Explosive Storage Protection Device
Needs with Explosive Company Representative at Storage Facility.
III. OBJECTIVES, PROGRAMS AND PRIORITIES
The Legislature of the State of California, in its legislation creating CCTRF, charged the
Foundation with the responsibility for encouragement and promotion of the development and
application of science and technology for the prevention and detection of crime, the apprehension
and treatment of criminals, and the improvement of the administration of criminal justice in the
State. The Foundation has also been directed to assist criminal justice in determining the kind and
quality of scientific, technological, and management processes and equipment which would improve
the effectiveness of criminal justice operations.
CCTRF has developed the following objectives, and its efforts are directed at achieving these
objectives.
1) To provide comprehensive management analysis, program evaluation, and examination of
government-wide issues, policies and practices pertaining to the criminal justice system.
2) To provide reports and documents to enhance understanding, to provide perspective, to
identify and assess alternatives for policy and resource decision makers, and to provide a
catalytic role to stimulate accelerated improvement of the criminal justice system.
3) To enhance the sharing of scientific and technological resources between and among the
criminal justice agencies.
4) To provide an atmosphere which encourages partnership with federal, state, and local
criminal justice agencies, industry, and academic institutions to enhance public technology
advancements.
5) To improve the quality of life through crime prevention.
6) To improve the development of services and equipment for the criminal justice system
because of the fragmented nature of the system caused by political, parochial and
jurisdictional constraints.
7) To provide technology transfer through information dissemination, person to person
interaction, adaptive engineering and field demonstration.
During 1973, the Foundation, in carrying out its charges, developed a prioritized list of nine
problem areas and created a research program that addressed these areas. The priorities were
determined by a rating method that addressed and weighted the factors of severity of the problem
(effect on apprehension, adjudication and disposition) probability of occurrence and the extent of
resources required to eliminate or control the problem. Within the nine problem areas identified,
eighteen suggested programs totaling over $2,000,000 have been initially listed, and were
cross-referenced to LEAA and CCCJ program statements as well as the Governor's Select
Committee on Law Enforcement Problems recommendations as contained in the report
"Controlling Crime in California." Figure 4 details the problem areas identified by the foundation.
Careful study of the problem area descriptions indicates that the Foundation is directing its
efforts toward the most universal problems of the criminal justice system. The application of
scientific research principles to these nine priority areas should measurably improve the criminal
justice system in California.
15
FIGURE 4
Prioritized List of Problem Areas Identified by CCTRF
Priority
Problem Area
1
Criminal Justice System Description - There is no visible and universal means of
understanding the inner action of police, courts and corrections today. Each of these
subfunctions of criminal justice speak their own language, have their own data and have
separate allegiances. There is a need to bring all of these functions together in a
systemized approach. This problem is articulated on page 26 of the Governor's Select
Committee on Law Enforcement Problems report "Controlling Crime in California"
which was submitted to the Legislature.
2
Inordinate Risk of Pursuit - The law abiding public is subjected to too much risk by
police attempting to apprehend law violators particularly those in speeding automobiles.
Obviously there are other and broader aspects to this than just chasing a speeding
automobile. Other examples might be either pursuit by foot or by helicopters or other
means of pursuit.
3
Undetected Physical Assault on Persons - if the FBI assumption that more than half of
the crime is not reported is true, then much of unreported crime is due to the fact that it
may not even be detected in time to be reported. People are assaulted by law violators
and unable to get a message to anyone for rescue or assistance. Some need exists for
automatic alarm alerting of people who have been assaulted.
4
Inadequate Ability to Measure Criminal Justice System Effectiveness - As Attorney
General Richardson stated, "The government has failed to develop ways to judge the
effectiveness of crime fighting efforts or to even measure the volume of crime."
5
Neglecting "Deterrence" in Favor of Process - There is almost total neglect of the idea
of preventing persons from entering the criminal justice system and placing all the
emphasis on improving the process of persons who enter the system. Greater attention
must be paid to methods both psychological and physical of preventing people from ever
entering the criminal justice system rather than just enlarging the ability to process these
people once they commit a crime.
6
Inability to Predict Criminal Acts - Very little if any effort has been put into the
predictive side of criminal activity. Whereas an ounce of prevention is worth a pound of
cure applies if we can predict when and where outbreak of crime would occur, the
criminal justice system would be protected from a great deal of processing of people.
7
Undetected Damage or Loss of Property - Burglars and thiefs have increased their
sophistication in being able to either damage or steal property. Current methods of
detecting damage or theft are obsolete and need to be upgraded by means of technology.
8
Research and Development Coordination - The problem is that there are large amounts
of money being spent in the name of research and development throughout the state in
all aspects of the criminal justice system which are fragmented, uncoordinated, and not
focused on any particular solution. Further, these efforts fail to be evaluated for their
effectiveness and the proper utilization of resources.
9
Mismatch Between Acceptable and Social Behavior and the Law - The discussion of this
problem involves a number of diverse factors including the idea of civil disobediences
and means of revising the law. It includes the fact that the law is reactive, that is, it lags
behind a social behavior that is thought to be acceptable, and also included in this is the
idea that the victimless crime and the fact that some immoral behavior should no longer
be considered illegal needs to be resolved.
16
For many years it was the common opinion that crime could be reduced or prevented solely by
the addition of manpower and equipment to law enforcement agencies at the "street" level. These
measures have not proven to be cost effective. Modern science and technology provides the criminal
justice system with the ability to utilize information, methodology, and techniques common to
industry in a cost effective manner in the fight against crime.
In addition to the priority problem areas, the Foundation stands ready to assist in answering
those special requests to respond to the urgent problems of our times. An example of this is our
concern about the effect of the energy crisis on crime. Fuel shortages have resulted in numerous
requests to conserve and reduce the use of lights. As a result, this reduced lighting could lead to
increased crime, particularly burglary. CCTRF is preparing a program to determine what
countermeasures should be taken to protect the public, what equipment or devices can be used to
compensate for the loss of the deterrent factor of lighting, and to answer questions in this area such
as the cost involved, and the modifications which must be made to law enforcement operations to
compensate for this reduced lighting.
17
Sophisticated Electronic Test Equipment Used by the CCTRF
Development Laboratory.
SECTION IV - SPECIFIC CCTRF PROJECTS
CCTRF/Project SEARCH Developed Fingerprint Taking Device
Demonstration by Contractor.
IV. SPECIFIC CCTRF PROJECTS
A. PROJECT SEARCH
Since July 1969 CCTRF has participated in Project SEARCH, a multimillion dollar, LEAA
funded project whose present mission is to develop and test prototype systems which may have
multistate utility for the application of advanced technology to the administration of criminal
justice. CCTRF provides project coordination services and general staff support for all project
activities. All fifty states and three territories are project participants.
SEARCH is the project name of an overall effort consisting of a number of projects. During
1973 these projects consisted of the following:
1. Offender-Based Transactional Statistics System (OBTS)
This project-implementation of the system in five states-was completed in 1973.
Recommendations of future developments have been made to LEAA. The findings of the
project were used by LEAA in developing a portion of their Comprehensive Data System
Program which will provide financing for OBTS efforts in all states. The State Judicial
Information System and Prisoner Accounting Information System Projects are outgrowths
of the CDS Program and are discussed later in this narrative.
2. State Identification Bureau Project
Work began on this project during 1972. The purpose of this project is to develop concepts
that can be used by state identification bureaus to increase the efficiency of their
operations. The concepts include those leading to the automation of large operations and
those improving the performance of smaller bureaus that will probably never fully
automate. A rigorous requirements analysis of the identification operations in the United
States was completed, including the entire identification function from the taking of
fingerprints through the production of the criminal history record. Specifically included are
the office procedures in the identification sections, name search techniques, retention rules
and schedules and service to users.
The development of an improved identification system takes the form of designing an
identification bureau for a "51st" state. The idealized model is structured so that each of
the states, cities, and counties can take portions of the system for implementation within
their identification bureaus.
Within the identification bureau system project, the determination to develop the best
possible equipment for use in the identification function resulted in CCTRF contracting,
through the bid process, with five technical contractors. These projects were aimed at
mechanized fingerprint recording, and improved high speed fingerprint transmission
facsimile device, and an automated technical file search system. The results of these
contracts have been promising, and it is anticipated that additional funds will be available
from LEAA to pursue further development of some of these devices.
Although the problems of identification bureaus have been recognized for some time, and
although various parts of the identification bureau operation have been subjected to analysis
in an attempt to reduce response time, there has been no systematic analysis of the entire
identification bureau procedures, equipment, and facilities which, when taken together,
would systematically improve the overall capability of the bureaus. Technical Report No. 8,
dated November, 1973, titled Design of a Model State Identification Bureau has been
printed.
21
3. Latent Fingerprint Project
The Latent Fingerprint Project Grant was awarded during 1974 and is being conducted
under the SEARCH State Identification Bureau Project. This is a state-of-the-art study to
determine the reliability and accuracy of existing latent fingerprint identification systems.
Law Enforcement has experienced difficulty in identifying fingerprints found at the scene
of a crime. The purpose of this study is to determine the feasibility of further exploration in
the identification of latent fingerprints, or the adaptation of an existing latent fingerprint
identification system. The major difficulty lies in that most classification schemes are based
on a ten-finger conglomerate coding, and at a crime scene, it is possible that only one or two
fingerprints may be found.
4. Standardized Crime Report System Report System Project
Work on this project began in 1972. The goal is to design a standardized crime report system
for use by all states.
A crime report is the primary source document for police activities and findings concerning
events requiring investigation which could result in a criminal arrest. The primary goal
relates to defining the information requirements of all users of crime reports, and of
satisfying those information requirements by defining required data elements for crime
reports.
Successful completion will have impact at all levels of government and in all portions of the
criminal justice system by providing a means by which useful and standardized data can be
collected on crimes and the activities of law enforcement agencies concerning those crimes.
The program method involves developing a reporting form and procedure designed to
minimize the preparation time by the reporting officer, allow increased modus operandi
analyses and other crime analyses, and provide the basic source document for preparation of
a uniform crime report in any agency which implements it. Major tasks include a
requirements analysis, the development of standardized data elements, the design of a crime
reporting system and the planning for a field test of the system.
Phase I of the Project, the actual system design effort is nearing completion. Plans are
underway to prepare a grant request to fund Phase II, which will be the implementation of
the system in about 12 cities in order to provide a test and validation of the design which is
being developed under Phase I. It appears that the Phase II effort will be in the area of about
a million dollars.
5. Equipment Systems Improvement Project
A grant has been received from LEAA for Project SEARCH support research programs of
the National Institute of Law Enforcement and Criminal Justice. This effort will be
extended during 1974. The major effort will be directed toward a review of criminal justice
equipment which is currently available.
6. Standardized Criminal Justice Data Elements Manual
This project began in 1973 under the aegis of the SEARCH Data Base Standing Committee.
The project is directed toward the development of a Standards Manual for those criminal
22
justice data elements which are used in CCH and OBTS Systems. The manual is viewed as
the first step in creating national criminal justice data exchange standardization.
The need for standardization for data exchange in the criminal justice system is becoming
more evident as new systems are developed and existing systems are updated.
7. State Judicial Information System Project
This SEARCH Project commenced late in 1973 when LEAA selected the following eleven
states to participate in the development of the State Judicial Information
System: California, Florida, Georgia, Hawaii, Idaho, Illinois, Louisiana, Massachusetts,
Minnesota, Missouri, and Oregon. This project is directed at building a prototype court
system which will then be tailored to implementation in the eleven states involved in the
project.
The courts area has been in need of an information system which addresses the courts needs
for data as well as allows for a continual flow of information on those subjects in process.
8. Offender Based State Corrections Information System Project
This SEARCH Project is similar to the State Judicial Information System Project in that it is
addressing an area which has traditionally not been linked to other offender information.
This project will provide state departments of corrections with the capability for offender
accounting and management information.
LEAA has recently completed the selection of the following ten participating states, and the
project will be starting early in 1974: California, Colorado, Florida, Georgia, Hawaii,
Illinois, Maryland, Massachusetts, Minnesota and Oregon.
9. Criminalistics Laboratory Information System Project
This SEARCH Project was initiated in late 1973. A contractor, PRC Public Management
Services, Inc., has been selected to provide technical support to the project which is
designed to develop a conceptual framework for an information system that will allow state
and regional crime labs to store and retrieve forensic information from a central location.
The forensic sciences are an extremely important part of the identification and prosecution
portions of the criminal justice system, and the development of a system for the sharing of
forensic information is a great step forward for the entire criminal justice community.
10. Project SEARCH Symposium and Standards and Goals Conference
The Second Project SEARCH International Symposium on Criminal Justice Information
and Statistics Systems will be held April 30, May 1 and 2, 1974, in San Francisco,
California. The purpose of the SEARCH International Symposiums is to create an open
forum for the presentation and discussion of the most recent and important developments
in criminal justice information and statistics systems. However, unlike its predecessor, the
Second Symposium will be held in conjunction with the National Advisory Commission on
Criminal Justice Standards and Goals Conference.
The Standards and Goals Conference, designed to stimulate an awareness of the critical
problems of the nation's criminal justice system, will be held on May 2, and 3. The purpose
of the conference is two-fold; first, formulate a consensus on minimum national standards
23
for information systems and statistics are needed; and second, to develop an implementation
plan facilitating the adoption of these standards by law enforcement, judicial and
correctional agencies at the national, state and local level.
CCTRF is conducting both of these meeting under grants from LEAA through Project
SEARCH.
B. CCTRF DEVELOPMENTAL LABORATORY
A discussion of projects worked on during 1973 follows:
1. In 1972, CCTRF installed a laser beam perimeter security fence at the California Institution
for Women at Frontera, California. In 1973, a follow-on grant was awarded to upgrade the
laser beam fence at this location. Repeater lasers were installed on the four longest spans of
the fence to make the system more reliable. Additionally, a highpower laser transmitter
developed by CCTRF was installed in tandem with the upgraded system for the purpose of
evaluation of time and atmospheric conditions (fog, etc.). The information gained from this
test has proven invaluable for determining the capabilities of a laser system in marginal
environmental conditions.
2. Assembly Bill 2267 appropriated funds for CCTRF to investigate burglaries committed
against explosive storage magazines located in the State of California, and to make
recommendations for improving the security of these explosive storage areas. The
Foundation surveyed all explosive dealers within the State of California and it was learned
that about 52% of the magazines in California are located south of Fresno with the
remaining 48% north of Fresno. Over a five-year period, approximately one out of every
four storage magazines was burglarized. It was also discovered that only about 17% of the
magazines within the state have installed some security devices or adopted security
measures. CCTRF is developing a prototype alarm system to assist in reducing burglaries of
these storage magazines. Further work will be conducted in the area of explosive storage
during 1974.
3. In August of 1972, the California Crime Technological Research Foundation undertook a
research and testing program aimed at developing building security equipment performance
standards for private residences and small commercial structures. The program was begun in
response to a request from the Attorney General's Building Security Commission for
technological support in developing sound standards. Specifically, CCTRF was requested to:
a. Recommend performance standards for door and window systems
b. Develop the means for testing and certifying devices and systems through the
application of those standards
C. Determine the personnel and equipment needs of laboratories certifying building
security equipment affected by the standards
To conduct the program and provide the requested services, CCTRF submitted a proposal to
the Office of Criminal Justice Planning (nee, CCCJ) and funds were received effective
August 1, 1972. CCTRF's technical program, as it applies to this project, is a two-year effort
and will conclude with a second year OCJP grant which was received and under which work
is continuing.
In the first year of the program, major efforts included, but were not limited to the
24
following: First, the characterization of building security threats. This included rating mans
physical capabilities (e.g., shoulder impact) and his capabilities, using tools (e.g., pry bar,
pipe wrench) when attempting surreptitious entry. Secondly, the program concentrated on
single wooden exterior doors (evaluation of the most critical threat and its point of
application) and the evaluation of door attachments (i.e., hinges and locks). Thirdly, the
framing surrounding the single wooden door was investigated and tested (i.e., construction,
stiffness, striker plate assembly). Next, an extensive testing program into the resistance
capabilities of locks was undertaken. And finally, the testing of sliding glass doors and
windows was begun. The latter work will be continued into the second year. Other work to
be undertaken the second year, includes double doors, windows, steel doors, concrete and
masonry framing, etc.
When the work funded under this grant is completed, CCTRF intends to have recommended
performance standards (in the form of performance acceptance tests) in the following areas:
Doors - exterior (single and double)
Sliding glass doors and windows
Windows
Hardware - including locks and hinges
Material performance - local penetration
Based upon work to date in building security threat analysis and the testing completed on
exterior single wooden doors, locks and hinges, recommended standards for these
components, in terms of performance acceptance tests have been set forth. As more testing
is completed and more findings determined over the next year, standards will be completed
for each of the identified five areas.
The results of the test program demonstrated that both hollow and solid core exterior doors
had serious weaknesses in construction and ability to resist threat loads. During the tests,
the weaker component parts of the doors were determined and modified to increase the
overall strength of the door system. These modifications were all incorporated into a
CCTRF hollow door design with the following features not normally found in commercially
available residence type doors.
1) Redesigned to prevent sawing
2) Redesigned edges to absorb pry bar loads by deformation
3) Hardened attachment point for hinge screws
4) Hardened attachment point for knob/lockset
5) Efficient load-carrying structure connecting hinges and lock; assuring proper load
distribution
A prototype door was constructed to this design and tested under dynamic loading well in
excess of the expected threat loads without damage.
4. General research in the laboratory included the further development of electro-optical
detector components and applications undertaken for the purpose of advancing this
technology, as applied to criminal justice systems.
25
In addition, the CCTRF laboratory designed and built a low-cost self-contained portable
intrusion detector utilizing a Doppler ultrasonic sensor linked to a radio transmitter for
transmission of the alarms. The system was built and successfully field tested during 1973.
Plans for the coming year include laboratory work in the following areas:
a. To extend further laser based detection system technology to impose further barriers to
criminals.
b. To develop new ideas and systems for improving the safety and security of correctional
institutions and personnel.
C. To continue and extend further the program of testing and development in the building
security area with the goal of "Hardening" the target to the burglar.
d. To explore further the area of school security, both in advanced hardware and
application to "Harden" the target of the vandal or burglar, increase the apprehension
rates, and reduce incidence of school burglary and vandalism.
e. To pursue further the area of explosive storage security to reduce the theft of explosives
and their use by dissidence against the public.
f. To develop counter measures to reduce lighting brought about by the "energy crisis"
which makes street crimes more attractive to the criminal element.
g. To further explore the uses of seismic and infrared sensors to reduce the occurrences of
successful intrusions.
h. To continue researching the feasibility of developing low cost, ultra efficient residential
alarm systems.
i. To analyze security systems in order to attempt evaluation of the systems under the
common denominator of reliability.
The prioritized list of criminal justice problem areas as outlined in SECTION III will be
addressed in every way possible. The projects listed above are but a portion of those which
the Foundation hopes to pursue. As funds become available, more of the priority problem
areas will become Foundation projects.
C. CRIME ANALYSIS UNIT HANDBOOK
In late 1972, CCTRF received a grant award from LEAA's National Institute of Law
Enforcement and Criminal Justice to develop a "handbook" for the establishment and
operation of a crime analysis unit within local law enforcement agencies.
The handbook was completed during 1973 and includes discussions on such things as the scope
of activities of a crime analysis unit, the organizational placement, specific goals and operating
procedures, minimum unit size, what data should be collected, data collection procedures,
analytical tools, information displays, etc.
CCTRF has conducted literature research and personal interviews with police departments in
preparing a draft handbook copy. A national working committee consisting of subject matter
experts and practitioners critiqued the draft which was then revised and finalized.
26
The handbook is of such quality and informational value that it will be printed (by LEAA) and
disseminated to all police departments interested in creating a crime analysis unit or improving
upon an existing unit.
The project clearly has impact in that when the foregoing is accomplished, impetus will be set
for the creation of crime analysis units in police departments across the country.
D. INTERSTATE ORGANIZED CRIME INDEX (IOCI) PROJECT
1. Background
LEAA awarded grants to CCTRF for Project SEARCH to develop, demonstrate and evaluate
the prototype Organized Crime Computerized Central Index, providing sixteen state and
local police intelligence units with on-line access to a computerized data base of "public
record information" on 2,700 persons known to be active in organized crime activities and
an additional 5,000 associates. The Organized Crime Task Force (members of SEARCH and
the Law Enforcement Intelligence Unit), appointed a Security and Privacy Subcommittee
which developed a code of ethics and a Security and Privacy Policy and Procedure Manual,
now considered minimum standards for system security and individual privacy.
The project was, in the opinion of SEARCH, a very successful effort. In addition to the
direct accomplishment of project goals, many indirect and lasting benefits resulted. The
LEIU data base was revised, expanded, and updated in a way which will add to its future
usefulness. Security and Privacy procedures for input and access were developed. Additional
data base exchange was stimulated between participating LEIU agencies and other agencies.
Sufficient evidence of the need for a system to exchange this type of information justifies
further work. A major expansion of the system would produce a viable, useful system which
could support an on-line operation. A thorough review of system objectives, contents,
participants, and configuration was recommended as the first step of the implementation
process.
2. Present Status
The "Evaluation and Test Mode of an Interstate Organized Crime Index", was received by
CCTRF in behalf of LEIU for the period May 1, 1973, through December 31, 1973. The
primary goal of the project was the performance of an independent evaluation of the
existing prototype system with recommendations for improvement and modification.
CCTRF awarded Arthur Young and Company a contract for that purpose.
The IOCI Executive Committee, composed of eight members of the LEIU Executive Board,
six elected terminal agency representatives and representatives of the Central Index and the
Central Coordinating Agency, now directs the project, assisted by two standing committees,
security and privacy and technical operations. Security and privacy issues are becoming
increasingly important to the future of IOCI, and IOCI is keeping abreast of all
developments in this area, including providing information to the Edwards Committee
(Subcommittee on Civil Rights and Constitutional Rights of the House Committee on the
Judiciary) on proposed security and privacy legislation, and testifying before the Ervin
Committee (Subcommittee on Constitutional Rights of the Senate Committee on the
Judiciary). Thirteen additional terminals have been placed in selected law enforcement
agencies (see Figure 5), and training accomplished. A presentation was made to the
President of the West German National Police, members of his staff, LEAA, and FBI
27
representatives on November 20, 1973, resulting in an invitation to attend a European
conference on organized crime in Germany in April, 1974.
3. Future Considerations
The independent evaluation of IOCI (designed to develop the "ideal" IOCI system) will be
completed in early, 1974, resulting in preparation of an implementation and development
plan for the "ideal" IOCI system. The first year following June, 1974, will consist of design,
development and implementation.
28
FIGURE 5
IOCI TERMINAL AGENCIES
ME
WA
VI
MT
ND
.NH
MN
MA
OR
WI
NY
RI
SD
MI
CT
ID
WY
PA
NJ
IA
29
NB
IL
OH
NV
IN
MD
WV
UT
VA
CO
KS
MO
CA
KY
NC
TN
OK
AR
SC
AZ
NM
MS
AL
GA
TX
LA
FL
SECTION V - FUTURE OUTLOOK
"To cope with the challenge of crime in a modern society, the
criminal justice system must make use of the most modern
scientific and technological developments" - Ronald Reagan in
"Controlling Crime in California"-Report of the Governor's
Select Committee of Law Enforcement Problems; August 1973.
Page 3.
your 22
we medom a 40; birthd to contribute AND rizivo ROOD on
charges ADDRESS MISSE CAN 01 ges were
VISA your your -
this to "Simatile" THE aminO
gerous couldred gradazs 1813
V. FUTURE OUTLOOK
CCTRF anticipates the availability of new and exciting programs in 1974. Knowledge gained and
personal contact made by staff members during the last year while participating in highly
specialized, innovative programs has greatly increased their value to the State of California and will
assist them in making accomplishments in the future.
Project SEARCH, while making contributions to criminal justice efforts nationwide, has certainly
been of benefit to the State of California. The California participants in the project have had the
benefit of face-to-face discussions with many other of our country's criminal justice experts
regarding the solution of problems common to all.
During the past year, CCTRF has acquired projects which are allowing the Foundation a broader
base within California from which to work. The Foundation and its staff are becoming recognized
for their abilities in the criminal justice area and are able to pursue more difficult and complex
projects. As a result, the Foundation's value to the State of California has been enhanced and the
Foundation will be able to have more of an impact on criminal justice activities within the State
during the coming year due to staff's increased capability, and due to the Board's increased
involvement in developing new sources of revenue and fostering new avenues of research.
CCTRF's developmental laboratory should provide the basis for many innovative accomplishments
anticipated in the years ahead. The Foundation believes that the research and development projects
currently being conducted and those planned for next year will prove to be a valuable asset in
efforts towards crime prevention and detection. The laboratory will serve as an ideal "common
ground" for a union of government and industry in the fight against crime. Additionally, the more
complex and detailed projects which are being received by the Foundation are providing an
excellent training ground for our staff. As staff capabilities increase, the ability of the Foundation
to take on more and larger tasks is increased. As the harvests of the research and development
projects are reaped, CCTRF and its staff will more and more be recognized as experts in the transfer
of technology to the criminal justice system as well as having advanced skills and knowledge in
science and technology as it applies to the fight against crime. As a result, more and more research
and development funds should be made available to CCTRF, further allowing us to assist in the
prevention and reduction of crime.
CCTRF is directing its efforts toward assisting the transfer of scientific and technological
capabilities to the field of criminal justice. These efforts will be greatly accelerated during the next
year providing more contributions to criminal justice in the State of California and throughout the
nation.
33
APPENDICES
APPENDIX A
BACKGROUND AND GENERAL DESCRIPTION
In 1967 the California Crime Technological Research Foundation was created. Thus California
became the first state to recognize the importance of technological research and development in
combatting crime.
CCTRF's goals are to stimulate, encourage, conduct, evaluate, and sponsor research and
development in the field of scientific and technological aids for the prevention and detection of
crime, the apprehension and treatment of criminals, and the improvement of the administration of
law enforcement in California.
While CCTRF's primary goal is to reduce crime in California, it is almost unlimited in its means to
accomplish this goal, because of its nature as both a public corporation and a State agency.
The unique character gives CCTRF the following powers, to:
1. Hold, invest, reinvest and use real or personal property.
2. Accept contributions.
3. Enter into contracts with the Federal and State Governments, political subdivisions of the State,
educational institutions, and private industry.
4. All the powers of a State agency. These powers permit CCTRF to attack any problem facing
California's criminal justice system.
CCTRF is guided by a 20-member Board of Directors made up of leaders from all sectors of the
State government, law enforcement, academic, business and industry, and the general public. The
Board has the responsibility to guide CCTRF in its short term goals and develop its long term
objectives. Members of the Board are appointed by the Governor with the advice and consent of the
Senate.
CCTRF is nationally and internationally recognized as a forerunning agency in the field of advanced
research and development for the criminal justice system. CCTRF's work in advanced laser
technology for prison security, as well as construction site security; its work in building security; and
its participation in Project SEARCH have been among some of the projects responsible for CCTRF's
reputation.
CCTRF's efforts thus far have been responsible for an influx of federal dollars and national and
international expertise into California. However, the potential of scientific and technological
research and development to solve problems facing the criminal justice system has just barely been
exploited. CCTRF's ultimate goal is to derive every possible benefit that science and technology has
to offer criminal justice and thereby the people of California.
37
APPENDIX B
TITLE 7. CALIFORNIA CRIME TECHNOLOGICAL RESEARCH FOUNDATION
SECTION 14000-14017
Revised by Chapter 1119, Statutes 1971
Section
14000. (Statement of policy) The benefits of scientific and technological advances which have
with accelerating abundance enriched the lives of our citizenry have also with cunning rapidity been
adapted for use by criminals. If our society is to stem and reverse the increasing incidence of crime,
it is essential that scientific and technological improvements, as they are perfected, be utilized to
the fullest extent in the prevention and detection of crime. In addition, there is need for basic
research involving combinations of various scientific disciplines into the nature of crime, criminals,
and methods of detection, apprehension, and treatment. It is therefore declared to be the policy of
the state to encourage scientific and technological research, development, and education in the field
of the prevention and detection of crime and the apprehension and treatment of criminals, in order
to promote the general welfare of the people. - Amended by Stats. 1971, Chap. 119.
14001. (Creation of Foundation: Status as public corporation and state agency) A public
corporation is hereby created, which shall be known as the California Crime Technological Research
Foundation, hereafter referred to as the foundation. The foundation is a state agency. - Added by
Stats. 1967, Chap. 1661.
14002. (Purpose of Foundation) The foundation shall encourage and promote the
development and application of science and technology for the prevention and detection of crime,
the apprehension and treatment of criminals, and the improvement of administration of criminal
justice in the state. The foundation shall also assist criminal justice to determine the kind and
quality of scientific, technological, and management processes and equipment which would improve
the effectiveness of criminal justice operations. - Amended by Stats. 1971, Chap. 1119.
14003. (Board of Directors: Composition) The foundation shall be governed and all of its
corporate powers exercised by a board of directors, which shall consist of the following members
appointed by the Governor, to serve at his pleasure, and confirmed by the Senate: a representative
from the Department of Justice nominated by the Attorney General, a representative from the
Department of the Youth Authority, a representative from the Department of the Youth
Authority, a representative from the Department of Corrections, a representative nominated by the
Judicial Council, a representative nominated by the State Bar of California, one district attorney,
one chief of police, one sheriff, a faculty member of a college or university qualified in the subject
of criminology or police science, seven persons qualified in the field of scientific research,
development, or system technology, and four public members interested in the prevention and
control of crime. - Amended by Stats. 1971, Chap. 1119.
14004. (Same: Chairman and vice-chairman: Attendance at meeting of Council on Criminal
Justice) The Governor shall appoint the chairman of the board, and the board shall designate a vice
chairman from among the appointed members, who shall serve at the pleasure of the board. The
chairman or his representative shall attend meetings of the California Council on Criminal Justice. -
Added by Stats. 1967, Chap. 1661.
14005. (Regulations: Officers and employees: Compensation and duties) The board of
39
directors may adopt regulations for the foundation, and may appoint such officers and employees
as it deems advisable and may fix their compensation and prescribe their duties. - Added by Stats.
1967, Chap. 1661.
14006. (Compensation and expenses of directors) Members of the board of directors shall
receive no compensation for their services, but shall be reimbursed for their expenses actually and
necessarily incurred by them in the performance of their duties under this title. - Added by Stats.
1967, Chap. 1661.
14007. (Holding other public offices) No director, officer, or employee of the foundation
shall be disqualified from holding any public office or employment, nor shall he forfeit any public
office, by reason of his appointment under this title, notwithstanding any other provision of law to
the contrary. - Added by Stats. 1967, Chap. 1661.
14008. (Executive committee: Quorum) The board of directors may elect an executive
committee of not less than five members who, in intervals between meetings of the board, may
transact such business of the foundation as the board may authorize from time to time. Unless
otherwise provided by the regulations of the foundation, a majority of such committee shall
constitute a quorum for the transaction of business and the acts of a majority of the members of
the committee present at any meeting at which a quorum is present shall be deemed the acts of the
committee. - Added by Stats. 1967, Chap. 1661.
14009. (Powers: Capacity to sue and be sued) In furtherance of the purposes set forth in this
title, the foundation shall have the following powers:
(a) Through contracts or other appropriate means, to foster and support scientific and
technological research in this state in cooperation with the federal government, the state
government, political subdivisions of the state, educational institutions, nonprofit institutions and
organizations, business enterprises, and other persons concerned with scientific and technological
research concerning the prevention and detection of crime.
(b) To identify, review, and evaluate research and development efforts applied to the
prevention and detection of crime and the apprehension and treatment of criminals.
(c) To sponsor and conduct conferences and studies, collect and disseminate information, and
issue periodic reports relating to scientific and technological research concerning the prevention and
detection of crime.
(d) To retain and employ technical and other specialized consultants on a contract basis or
otherwise.
(e) To receive, hold, invest, reinvest, and use, on behalf of the foundation and for any of its
purposes, real property, personal property, and money, or any interest therein, and the income
therefrom, either absolutely or in trust.
(f) To sue and be sued in the name of the foundation. Process in any action or proceeding
shall be served in the manner provided by law.
(g) To have and use a corporate seal.
(h) To adopt rules and regulations, not inconsistent with law, governing any matters relating
to the activities of the foundation.
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(i) To have and exercise all powers necessary or convenient to effect any or all of the
purposes of the foundation. - Added by Stats. 1967, Chap. 1661.
14010. (Contributions to Foundation) Notwithstanding the provisions of any law or the
provisions of any certificate of incorporation, charter, or other articles of organization, any
corporation, association, or person may make contributions to the foundation. The foundation may
accept grants from private sources if the board of directors unanimously approves each such grant.
- Added by Stats. 1967, Chap. 1661.
14011. (Annual report) The foundation shall make an annual report to the Governor and the
Legislature not later than the first day of March of each year. - Amended by Stats. 1971,
Chap. 1119.
14012. (Agreement with other agencies for research and projects) The foundation may by
mutual agreement with any public agency undertake direct operational criminal justice
responsibilities. - Added by Stats. 1967, Chap. 1661.
14013. (Direct operational responsibility) Nothing in this title shall be construed as
authorizing the foundation to undertake direct operational criminal justice responsibilities. -
Amended by Stats. 1971, Chap. 1119.
14014. (Agreements to utilize resources of other agencies) The foundation may utilize the
resources of existing state agencies pursuant to agreements developed between the foundation and
the agencies concerned. - Added by Stats. 1967, Chap. 1661.
14015. (Attorney General as legal counsel) The Attorney General shall act as the legal counsel
for the foundation. - Added by Stats. 1967, Chap. 1661.
14016. (Repealed by Stats 1971 Chap. 1119 6, effective October 19, 1971.)
14017. (Termination of existence) The existence of the foundation shall terminate on the
61st day after adjournment of the 1975 Regular Session of the Legislature. - Amended by Stats.
1971, Chap. 1119.
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