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UNIFORM CRIME REPORTS FOR RELEASE 1997 PRELIMINARY ANNUAL RELEASE 6 P.M. ET, SUNDAY MAY 17, 1998 The number of Crime Index offenses reported to law enforcement agencies throughout the United States decreased 4 percent during 1997 when compared to the number of offenses reported in 1996. The violent crimes of murder, forcible rape, robbery, and aggravated assault decreased 5 percent while the property crimes of burglary, larceny-theft, and motor vehicle theft decreased 4 percent. Quarterly Crime Index trends for 1996 and 1997 show a 3-percent decrease for the first quarter, a 4-percent decline for the second and third quarters, and a 5-percent decrease for the fourth quarter. All 1997 figures are preliminary. Final figures and crime rates per 100,000 inhabitants will be published in Crime in the United States 1997, scheduled to be released in the fall of 1998. Crime Index trends by population groups and by geographic regions appear in Tables 1 and 2 below. TABLE 1 - CRIME INDEX TRENDS Percent change 1997 over 1996, offenses known to the police. Popu- Popu- lation lation Crime Modi-* Vio- Prop-* For- Aggra- Motor Group Number of (thou- Index fied lent erty cible Rob- vated Bur- Larceny vehicle and Area agencies sands) total total crime crime Murder rape bery assault glary -theft theft Arson* Total 9,582 201,231 -4 -4 -5 -4 -9 -1 -9 -2 -3 -4 -5 -8 Cities: Over 1,000,000 10 22,446 -5 -5 -6 -4 -11 -6 -11 -3 -6 -3 -7 +1 500,000 to 999,999 17 11,084 -5 -5 -5 -5 -10 +2 -10 -1 -4 -5 -8 -19 250,000 to 499,999 36 13,221 -5 -5 -6 -5 -14 -8 -10 -3 -5 -5 -6 -7 100,000 to 249,999 148 21,508 -3 -3 -3 -3 -6 +2 -4 -3 -2 -3 -2 -6 50,000 to 99,999 289 19,603 -4 -4 -4 -4 -6 -2 -7 -3 -3 -3 -7 -13 25,000 to 49,999 546 18,910 -3 -3 -3 -3 -4 +6 -7 -3 -2 -3 -3 -20 10,000 to 24,999 1,286 20,237 -4 -4 -5 -4 -3 0 -7 -5 -3 -4 -5 -12 Under 10,000 4,443 16,071 -2 -3 -1 -3 -2 +7 -2 -1 -1 -3 -1 -17 Counties: Suburban¹ 942 38,068 -3 -3 -3 -3 -11 -2 -6 -2 -1 -4 -1 -22 Rural² 1,865 20,083 -1 -1 +1 -1 -7 +3 +6 O 0 -2 + 4 -21 Areas: Suburban Area³ 4,783 75,844 -3 -3 -3 -3 -8 0 -7 -2 -2 -4 -3 -19 Cities outside Metropolitan Areas 2,434 17,442 -2 -3 -4 -2 -3 +5 -2 -5 -1 -3 O -21 (1) Includes crimes reported to sheriffs' departments, county police departments, and state police within Metropolitan Statistical Areas. (2) Includes crimes reported to sheriffs' departments, county police departments, and state police outside Metropolitan Statistical Areas. (3) Includes crimes reported to city; county, and state law enforcement agencies within Metropolitan Statistical Areas, but outside the central cities. TABLE 2 - CRIME INDEX TRENDS BY GEOGRAPHIC REGION Crime Modi-* Vio- Prop-* For- Aggra- Motor Index fied lent erty cible Rob- vated Bur- Larceny vehicle Region total total crime crime Murder rape bery assault glary -theft theft Arson* Total -4 -4 -5 -4 -9 -1 6' -2 -3 -4 -5 -8 Northeast -6 -6 -5 -6 -13 -2 -10 -1 -7 -4 -11 -5 Midwest -3 -3 -4 -3 -6 -3 -6 -2 -3 -4 -4 -3 South -4 -4 -4 -4 is -1 -6 -3 -3 -4 -6 -10 West -3 -3 -5 -3 -11 +1 -11 -2 -2 -3 -1 -10 TABLE 3 - CRIME INDEX TRENDS January through December each year over previous year. Crime Modi-* Vio- Prop-* For- Aggra- Motor Index fied lent erty cible Rob- vated Bur- Larceny vehicle Years total total crime crime Murder rape bery assault glary -theft theft Arson* 1994/1993 -1 -1 -4 -1 -5 -4 -6 -2 -4 +1 -2 +5 1995/1994 -1 -1 -3 -1 -7 -5 -6 -1 -4 +2 -4 -4 1996/1995 -3 -3 -6 -2 -9 -2 -7 -6 -4 -1 -5 -3 1997/1996 -4 -4 -5 -4 6' -1 is -2 -3 -4 -5 -8 * The Modified Crime Index total is the sum of the Crime Index offenses, including arson. Data for arson are not included in the property crime totals. The number of agencies used in arson trends is fewer than used in compiling trends for other Crime Index offenses. ISSUED BY Louis J. Freeh, Director, Federal Bureau of Investigation, United States Department of Justice, Washington, D.C. 20535 Advisory: Criminal Justice Information Systems, International Association of Chiefs of Police; Criminal Justice Information Systems, National Sheriffs' Association; Criminal Justice Information Services Advisory Policy Board. TABLE 4 - OFFENSES KNOWN TO THE POLICE January through December, 1997 over 1996 Cities over 100,000 Population Modified Crime Crime For- Aggra- Motor Index Index Mur- cible Rob- vated Larceny- vehicle Arson Total Total der rape bery assault Burglary theft theft ABILENE TX 1996 5,971 5,995 7 66 126 399 1,120 4,008 245 24 1997 6,403 6,432 2 67 124 449 1,320 4,147 294 29 ALBANY' NY 1996 8,130 8,180 II 46 491 584 2,087 4,355 556 50 1997 7,314 18 65 429 511 1,763 4,103 425 ALBUQUERQUE NM 1996 48,253 48,441 70 375 1,998 3,824 9,037 25,961 6,988 188 1997 47,923 48,054 49 270 1,729 3,629 8,543 25,954 7,749 131 ALEXANDRIA VA 1996 7,143 7,157 7 45 318 266 945 4,615 947 14 1997 6,601 6,627 5 46 267 288 819 4,363 813 26 ALLENTOWN PA 1996 7,443 7,487 6 49 321 276 1,513 4,670 608 44 1997 6,530 6,573 7 48 391 241 1,342 3,798 703 43 AMARILLO TX 1996 14,088 14,175 II 71 334 1,012 2,116 9,857 687 87 1997 12,983 13,048 14 69 246 915 2,130 8,832 777 65 AMHERST TOWN' NY 1996 2,744 2,747 0 7 59 32 263 2,208 175 3 1997 2,600 0 8 38 51 296 2,058 149 ANAHEIM CA 1996 14,670 14,745 14 81 978 998 2,698 7,550 2,351 75 1997 12,130 12,185 15 100 812 1,037 2,270 5,924 1,972 55 ANN ARBOR MI 1996 4,696 4,741 I 37 113 258 804 3,283 200 45 1997 4,546 4,589 0 34 106 226 803 3,161 216 43 ARLINGTON TX 1996 21,312 21,372 17 156 618 1,687 3,395 13,165 2,274 60 1997 20,096 20,142 12 127 527 1,754 3,056 12,569 2,051 46 ATLANTA GA 1996 70,521 70,760 196 392 4,805 8,306 10,471 37,104 9,247 239 1997 58,591 58,846 150 366 4,751 7,563 9,183 28,709 7,869 255 AURORA² IL 1996 26 226 567 1,241 3,964 357 61 1997 20 225 561 1,067 3,736 288 36 AUSTIN⁴ TX 1996 42,279 41 270 1,376 2,135 7,575 27,187 3,695 1997 42,988 43,127 40 283 1,284 1,920 7,511 27,485 4,465 139 BAKERSFIELD CA 1996 12,584 12,727 25 37 482 578 2,874 7,456 1,132 143 1997 12,934 13,075 22 39 496 561 2,837 7,694 1,285 141 BALTIMORE MD 1996 85,984 86,403 330 641 10,393 8,145 14,802 40,522 11,151 419 1997 77,595 77,982 312 480 8,629 7,995 12,755 38,593 8,831 387 BATON ROUGE LA 1996 27,361 27,623 71 118 1,210 1,999 5,577 15,179 3,207 262 1997 26,363 26,578 58 144 1,454 1,135 5,097 15,394 3,081 215 BEAUMONT TX 1996 10,309 10,362 15 203 420 614 1,958 6,362 737 53 1997 9,268 9,336 11 214 394 676 1,836 5,492 645 68 BERKELEY CA 1996 10,333 10,374 8 32 492 555 1,502 6,683 1,061 41 1997 9,796 9,848 II 31 447 476 1,260 6,612 959 52 BIRMINGHAM AL 1996 29,283 29,529 113 229 1,838 2,236 5,973 15,280 3,614 246 1997 26,395 26,624 108 222 1,337 2,118 5,186 14,067 3,357 229 BOISE ID 1996 8,797 8,818 I 60 56 391 1,511 6,400 378 81 1997 7,856 7,921 4 62 57 409 1,321 5,685 318 65 BOSTON' MA 1996 44,711 45,329 59 414 3,470 5,211 5,052 21,234 9,271 618 1997 37,838 43 350 2,728 4,765 4,301 17,920 7,731 BROWNSVILLE TX 1996 9,868 9,882 II 22 231 887 1,328 6,911 478 14 1997 9,250 9,269 8 41 217 1,005 1,366 6,199 414 19 BUFFALO' NY 1996 26,636 27,197 56 269 2,623 1,576 6,298 11,314 4,500 561 1997 25,292 47 230 2,195 1,542 5,984 11,424 3,870 BURBANK CA 1996 4,161 4,171 4 19 169 264 611 2,219 875 10 1997 3,794 3,805 0 14 130 207 557 2,105 781 II CAMBRIDGE¹ MA 1996 4,968 5,003 I 35 226 387 799 2,973 547 35 1997 4,449 2 24 176 369 596 2,778 504 CEDAR RAPIDS' IA 1996 8,002 0 II III 270 1,276 5,962 372 1997 7,319 7,327 I 21 81 149 1,358 5,351 358 8 CHANDLER AZ 1996 8,550 8,627 2 29 143 254 1,796 5,210 1,116 77 1997 8,899 8,967 2 41 140 201 1,969 5,523 1,023 68 CHARLOTTE- NC 1996 53,518 53,957 71 306 2,594 5,944 10,227 30,199 4,177 439 MECKLENBURG 1997 52,874 53,264 56 339 2,716 6,045 10,413 28,922 4,383 390 CHATTANOOGA TN 1996 14,688 14,814 21 86 556 1,482 2,668 8,665 1,210 126 1997 15,533 15,639 35 86 599 1,925 2,789 8,780 1,319 106 CHESAPEAKE VA 1996 8,463 8,576 13 49 284 458 1,529 5,596 534 113 1997 8,462 8,561 11 48 321 439 1,635 5,467 541 99 CHICAGO² IL 1996 789 26,860 37,097 40,475 119,492 34,091 1,560 1997 757 25,289 36,519 40,632 119,609 33,607 1,544 CHULA VISTA CA 1996 8,822 8,864 5 37 399 653 1,451 4,591 1,686 42 1997 9,012 9,062 8 38 375 675 1,460 4,853 1,603 50 CLEARWATER FL 1996 7,577 7,607 2 62 215 876 1,353 4,763 306 30 1997 7,564 7,587 3 65 198 768 1,716 4,491 323 23 CLEVELAND OH 1996 37,409 38,033 103 643 4,062 2,823 7,708 13,441 8,629 624 1997 37,026 37,657 77 638 3,837 2,692 8,146 14,305 7,331 631 2 Modified Crime Crime For- Aggra- Motor Index Index Mur- cible Rob- vated Larceny- vehicle Arson Total Total der rape bery assault Burglary theft theft COLUMBIA SC 1996 12,362 12,396 19 87 527 1,282 1,924 7,569 954 34 1997 11,892 11,927 12 63 519 1,105 1,588 7,798 807 35 COLUMBUS GA 1996 12,294 12,302 15 24 367 484 2,216 8,351 837 8 1997 12,918 12,920 16 30 472 439 1,968 9,057 936 2 COLUMBUS OH 1996 61,083 61,894 89 571 3,318 2,238 13,013 34,244 7,610 811 1997 62,440 63,218 84 696 3,104 2,103 13,453 35,882 7,118 778 CONCORD CA 1996 7,302 7,326 4 38 167 437 1,186 4,780 690 24 1997 7,143 7,181 0 36 179 555 1,203 4,486 684 38 CORPUS CHRISTI TX 1996 30,467 30,683 18 276 485 2,241 3,773 22,006 1,668 216 1997 29,770 29,910 18 154 428 2,267 4,371 20,899 1,633 140 COSTA MESA CA 1996 5,413 5,424 I 22 158 194 892 3,531 615 II 1997 4,635 4,644 3 32 145 191 613 3,106 545 9 DALLAS TX 1996 100,401 102,088 217 740 6,122 9,201 17,960 49,018 17,143 1,687 1997 100,624 102,154 209 744 5,626 8,336 17,755 50,586 17,368 1,530 DAYTON OH 1996 17,841 18,078 38 201 1,085 702 3,720 8,859 3,236 237 1997 17,266 17,476 34 217 1,161 703 3,719 8,312 3,120 210 DENVER CO 1996 34,314 34,694 64 358 1,327 2,083 7,788 17,269 5,425 380 1997 30,514 30,913 69 356 1,253 1,857 6,456 14,755 5,768 399 DETROIT MI 1996 120,188 121,999 428 1,119 9,504 12,188 21,491 41,193 34,265 1,811 1997 119,717 122,328 469 968 8,208 12,857 19,324 44,452 33,439 2,611 DOWNEY CA 1996 4,785 4,823 7 33 318 232 932 2,078 1,185 38 1997 4,446 4,480 7 30 303 131 763 1,965 1,247 34 DURHAM NC 1996 16,838 16,909 41 84 810 754 4,226 9,400 1,523 71 1997 17,834 17,875 31 91 1,244 711 3,958 9,801 1,998 41 ELIZABETH NJ 1996 9,209 9,238 13 54 795 325 1,768 4,382 1,872 29 1997 9,493 9,525 7 39 797 333 2,154 4,329 1,834 32 EL MONTE CA 1996 4,597 4,666 9 43 572 658 854 1,608 853 69 1997 4,087 4,129 7 35 532 540 768 1,333 872 42 EL PASO TX 1996 45,134 45,310 30 245 1,195 3,668 3,942 31,694 4,360 176 1997 42,649 42,776 24 225 1,066 3,534 3,251 30,978 3,571 127 ERIE PA 1996 5,532 5,581 6 68 336 259 1,019 3,458 386 49 1997 5,722 5,782 4 62 365 267 1,152 3,449 423 60 ESCONDIDO CA 1996 6,857 6,902 7 50 215 547 1,079 3,943 1,016 45 1997 7,246 7,278 6 66 208 559 1,200 4,271 936 32 EUGENE OR 1996 12,181 12,278 2 50 271 416 1,914 8,765 763 97 1997 12,326 12,408 2 52 311 392 2,128 8,638 803 82 EVANSVILLE IN 1996 7,405 7,460 7 41 166 566 1,439 4,733 453 55 1997 7,750 7,818 7 44 179 520 1,507 5,030 463 68 FLINT MI 1996 16,054 16,269 40 182 937 2,166 4,141 6,340 2,248 215 1997 15,992 16,229 19 130 805 2,346 3,689 6,606 2,397 237 FONTANA CA 1996 5,430 5,460 16 72 414 845 1,143 1,447 1,493 30 1997 4,359 4,379 12 64 329 633 973 1,235 1,113 20 FORT COLLINS CO 1996 5,448 5,490 3 70 46 300 829 4,042 158 42 1997 5,554 5,583 I 53 31 283 752 4,221 213 29 FORT LAUDERDALE FL 1996 25,487 25,557 34 96 1,186 1,268 4,744 15,125 3,034 70 1997 20,667 20,739 17 100 1,301 1,087 3,930 10,666 3,566 72 FORT WAYNE IN 1996 13,966 14,052 13 121 499 436 1,927 9,407 1,563 86 1997 15,327 15,448 36 113 502 363 2,454 10,365 1,494 121 FORT WORTH TX 1996 38,902 39,266 68 319 1,692 2,905 7,917 21,481 4,520 364 1997 34,972 35,259 74 265 1,402 2,572 6,573 20,010 4,076 287 FREMONT CA 1996 7,769 7,813 3 32 186 591 1,306 4,689 962 44 1997 7,975 8,001 4 35 157 547 1,501 4,761 970 26 FRESNO CA 1996 41,687 42,801 69 216 2,087 3,089 6,868 20,180 9,178 1,114 1997 37,623 38,744 60 192 1,794 2,736 6,640 19,035 7,166 1,121 FULLERTON CA 1996 5,246 5,260 5 26 201 253 930 3,110 721 14 1997 4,796 4,815 2 30 157 248 783 2,989 587 19 GARDEN GROVE CA 1996 6,478 6,520 5 34 309 498 1,229 3,245 1,158 42 1997 5,919 5,955 3 22 276 509 1,186 2,895 1,028 36 GARLAND TX 1996 9,562 9,640 14 63 210 490 1,786 6,150 849 78 1997 8,712 8,789 4 56 137 329 1,742 5,642 802 77 GARY IN 1996 11,229 11,846 104 185 702 2,889 2,278 2,823 2,248 617 1997 13,431 14,124 88 160 740 3,494 3,339 3,103 2,507 693 GLENDALE AZ 1996 13,480 13,558 II 51 301 858 2,277 7,883 2,099 78 1997 15,179 15,245 13 81 323 754 2,437 8,851 2,720 66 GLENDALE CA 1996 6,966 7,015 14 16 344 347 1,135 4,044 1,066 49 1997 5,815 5,865 6 21 256 411 987 3,099 1,035 50 GRAND PRAIRIE TX 1996 6,882 6,887 3 50 147 956 1,068 3,734 924 5 1997 7,449 7,450 9 33 125 1,167 1,013 4,186 916 - GRAND RAPIDS MI 1996 14,600 14,698 20 101 675 1,647 3,033 8,051 1,073 98 1997 14,075 14,172 25 41 578 1,649 2,822 7,816 1,144 97 GREEN BAY WI 1996 4,679 4,710 3 39 68 280 584 3,481 224 31 1997 4,786 4,803 6 20 48 198 629 3,655 230 17 GREENSBORO NC 1996 16,393 16,472 23 95 710 1,099 3,228 10,190 1,048 79 1997 16,515 16,602 33 86 779 1,074 3,076 10,329 1,138 87 HAMPTON VA 1996 7,167 7,223 10 56 323 203 962 5,151 462 56 1997 7,133 7,197 6 54 275 194 911 5,019 674 64 HARTFORD CT 1996 13,188 13,291 20 94 1,089 929 2,072 7,036 1,948 103 1997 11,944 21 47 860 695 1,652 7,048 1,621 3 Modified Crime Crime For- Aggra- Motor Index Index Mur- cible Rob- vated Larceny- vehicle Arson Total Total der rape bery assault Burglary theft theft HAYWARD CA 1996 7,876 7,975 12 28 370 408 1,253 4,438 1,367 99 1997 8,179 8,237 7 50 352 381 1,147 4,721 1,521 58 HENDERSON NV 1996 5,028 5,061 7 81 122 112 1,028 3,033 645 33 1997 6,477 6,499 2 88 141 91 1,441 3,665 1,049 22 HIALEAH FL 1996 18,210 18,301 12 63 887 1,051 2,894 9,123 4,180 91 1997 17,640 17,719 14 61 846 1,310 2,830 8,764 3,815 79 HOLLYWOOD FL 1996 12,535 12,552 10 56 502 590 2,411 7,545 1,421 17 1997 12,582 12,619 9 64 490 642 2,214 7,528 1,635 37 HONOLULU HI 1996 60,059 60,352 27 222 1,421 1,078 9,026 41,915 6,370 293 1997 53,410 53,712 34 257 1,214 1,131 8,755 36,430 5,589 302 HOUSTON TX 1996 135,329 137,082 261 1,002 8,276 12,917 25,402 65,080 22,391 1,753 1997 130,844 132,425 254 790 8,146 11,967 23,967 64,925 20,795 1,581 HUNTINGTON BEACH CA 1996 7,305 7,336 0 26 194 391 1,629 4,161 904 31 1997 6,441 6,458 5 34 III 493 1,419 3,636 743 17 HUNTSVILLE AL 1996 14,330 14,392 II 71 310 947 2,251 9,516 1,224 62 1997 13,537 13,586 16 99 372 921 2,261 8,760 1,108 49 INDEPENDENCE MO 1996 8,771 8,840 I 26 124 436 1,229 6,213 742 69 1997 9,473 9,518 6 29 133 445 1,288 6,596 976 45 INDIANAPOLIS³ IN 1996 56,277 56,701 132 567 3,132 4,900 11,202 28,590 7,754 424 1997 52,641 53,059 146 554 3,340 4,799 11,508 24,566 7,728 418 INGLEWOOD CA 1996 6,241 6,286 27 61 952 903 1,082 1,851 1,365 45 1997 5,601 5,640 24 61 735 810 1,088 1,620 1,263 39 IRVINE CA 1996 4,090 4,123 I 22 65 186 837 2,647 332 33 1997 3,690 3,727 I 10 44 165 860 2,264 346 37 IRVING TX 1996 9,483 9,548 8 65 202 529 1,480 6,342 857 65 1997 9,000 9,040 6 69 178 480 1,307 6,002 958 40 JACKSON MS 1996 20,466 20,550 67 209 1,309 781 4,924 9,744 3,432 84 1997 20,176 20,221 61 213 1,147 719 5,218 9,549 3,269 45 JACKSONVILLE FL 1996 59,534 59,976 85 681 2,792 6,207 13,171 31,852 4,746 442 1997 57,978 58,387 75 606 2,369 6,387 12,343 30,790 5,408 409 JERSEY CITY NJ 1996 16,704 16,839 26 91 1,859 1,815 3,425 5,994 3,494 135 1997 15,598 15,745 26 109 1,640 1,963 3,145 5,654 3,061 147 KANSAS CITY MO 1996 52,300 52,726 104 412 2,881 5,488 8,947 28,124 6,344 426 1997 49,511 49,953 100 417 2,711 5,341 8,641 24,874 7,427 442 KNOXVILLE TN 1996 10,767 10,874 23 67 593 844 2,341 5,304 1,595 107 1997 11,164 11,320 19 97 545 844 2,039 6,083 1,537 156 LAFAYETTE LA 1996 8,483 8,516 8 75 247 515 1,375 5,589 674 33 1997 8,532 8,556 15 81 265 626 1,539 5,379 627 24 LANCASTER CA 1996 5,947 6,003 12 58 308 1,005 1,455 2,338 771 56 1997 6,507 6,558 7 52 341 1,129 1,623 2,498 857 51 LANSING MI 1996 9,744 9,812 10 172 343 1,124 1,607 5,952 536 68 1997 9,349 9,408 II 189 265 820 1,698 5,860 506 59 LAREDO TX 1996 11,240 11,322 II 27 242 760 1,672 7,477 1,051 82 1997 12,646 12,746 II 56 193 553 2,074 8,727 1,032 100 LEXINGTON KY 1996 15,328 15,405 14 122 579 1,283 2,893 9,522 915 77 1997 15,165 15,225 24 129 580 1,195 2,610 9,721 906 60 LINCOLN NB 1996 14,349 14,403 3 83 142 987 1,877 10,742 515 54 1997 14,273 14,294 7 96 146 881 1,793 10,805 545 21 LITTLE ROCK AR 1996 21,016 21,170 29 166 837 1,725 3,382 13,253 1,624 154 1997 21,814 21,933 34 165 867 1,297 4,089 13,818 1,544 119 LIVONIA MI 1996 3,422 2 22 65 150 507 2,271 405 1997 3,469 I 33 74 118 471 2,413 359 LONG BEACH CA 1996 26,308 26,499 95 158 2,431 2,385 5,003 11,671 4,565 191 1997 21,817 21,992 56 125 1,849 2,177 4,295 9,084 4,231 175 LOS ANGELES CA 1996 235,258 238,851 709 1,463 25,189 35,477 35,865 95,069 41,486 3,593 1997 204,554 207,874 574 1,413 20,506 34,043 30,195 82,605 35,218 3,320 LOUISVILLE KY 1996 21,030 21,418 63 131 1,812 1,379 4,830 9,484 3,331 388 1997 19,095 19,419 68 128 1,545 1,339 4,480 8,706 2,829 324 LUBBOCK TX 1996 12,948 13,044 15 126 276 1,649 2,456 7,472 954 96 1997 12,767 13,081 6 92 220 1,518 2,588 7,644 699 314 MACON GA 1996 14,011 14,061 18 77 382 447 2,452 9,195 1,440 50 1997 12,072 12,110 23 57 310 516 2,032 7,861 1,273 38 MADISON WI 1996 9,096 9,154 I 75 299 397 1,389 6,294 641 58 1997 8,831 8,872 3 82 340 433 1,397 5,922 654 41 MCALLEN TX 1996 10,697 10,744 5 23 148 370 1,475 7,730 946 47 1997 9,273 9,342 4 19 151 243 1,569 6,266 1,021 69 MEMPHIS TN 1996 70,275 70,895 155 789 5,970 5,615 16,634 26,828 14,284 620 1997 64,015 64,668 138 938 5,240 5,520 15,471 25,251 11,457 653 MESA AZ 1996 25,735 25,862 18 110 506 1,825 3,883 15,582 3,811 127 1997 27,101 27,209 13 126 450 1,965 4,272 16,827 3,448 108 MESQUITE TX 1996 6,452 6,580 3 8 64 363 564 4,781 669 128 1997 5,923 6,047 4 5 59 373 536 4,236 710 124 MIAMI FL 1996 52,918 53,150 124 201 5,139 6,526 9,804 23,431 7,693 232 1997 50,259 50,477 103 189 4,517 6,214 8,946 22,609 7,681 218 MIDLAND TX 1996 4,966 4,984 4 58 80 235 1,030 3,273 286 18 1997 4,742 4,759 5 80 89 228 950 3,171 219 17 MILWAUKEE WI 1996 49,635 50,232 130 293 3,353 2,210 7,622 25,948 10,079 597 1997 47,685 48,142 122 307 3,553 2,636 6,818 25,954 8,295 457 4 Modified Crime Crime For- Aggra- Motor Index Index Mur- cible Rob- vated Larceny- vehicle Arson Total Total der rape bery assault Burglary theft theft MINNEAPOLIS MN 1996 40,826 41,319 83 516 3,242 2,967 7,678 20,690 5,650 493 1997 41,632 42,018 58 536 3,308 2,831 8,237 20,856 5,806 386 MOBILE AL 1996 19,512 19,652 51 119 1,283 732 4,404 10,990 1,933 140 1997 19,487 19,647 52 99 1,160 562 4,524 11,343 1,747 160 MODESTO CA 1996 12,840 13,014 12 80 421 754 2,701 7,100 1,772 174 1997 13,959 14,199 17 64 385 787 2,706 8,125 1,875 240 MONTGOMERY AL 1996 13,202 13,283 31 80 627 851 3,376 7,111 1,126 81 1997 14,196 14,263 24 90 671 994 3,364 7,841 1,212 67 MORENO VALLEY CA 1996 8,733 8,762 13 52 418 709 2,280 4,216 1,045 29 1997 8,269 8,305 14 55 346 817 2,330 3,819 888 36 NAPERVILLE²⁴ IL 1996 2 16 49 407 2,235 106 8 1997 0 14 52 413 2,609 105 NASHVILLE' TN 1996 59,467 89 487 2,910 6,535 8,025 33,195 8,226 1997 58,996 112 550 2,583 6,046 8,834 32,698 8,173 NEWARK' NJ 1996 34,437 92 179 4,219 4,271 5,991 11,693 7,992 1997 28,351 28,670 57 170 3,442 3,558 4,567 10,812 5,745 319 NEW HAVEN CT 1996 15,036 15,138 22 120 1,207 1,267 2,936 7,139 2,345 102 1997 13,950 14,040 21 93 1,094 1,136 2,510 7,348 1,748 90 NEW ORLEANS' LA 1996 53,919 351 390 5,700 4,580 9,954 22,774 10,170 1997 45,704 45,962 267 385 3,972 3,780 8,107 19,813 9,380 258 NEWPORT NEWS VA 1996 9,829 9,926 27 110 363 676 1,224 6,850 579 97 1997 10,164 10,270 17 102 458 442 1,471 6,855 819 106 NEW YORK' NY 1996 382,555 983 2,332 49,672 45,673 61,270 162,246 60,379 1997 355,893 770 2,157 44,707 45,229 54,099 157,039 51,892 NORFOLK VA 1996 18,854 18,974 61 142 1,079 1,050 2,766 12,053 1,703 120 1997 18,855 18,989 55 138 1,183 1,041 2,528 12,620 1,290 134 NORWALK CA 1996 4,388 4,429 14 26 329 807 710 1,516 986 41 1997 4,289 4,316 8 30 286 773 645 1,412 1,135 27 OAKLAND CA 1996 39,174 39,579 93 322 3,622 4,131 6,058 19,878 5,070 405 1997 38,048 38,408 99 306 3,482 4,342 5,923 18,909 4,987 360 OCEANSIDE CA 1996 7,197 7,224 10 75 330 824 1,737 3,309 912 27 1997 6,073 6,109 9 86 263 758 1,301 2,910 746 36 ODESSA TX 1996 6,748 6,811 14 35 128 928 1,198 4,136 309 63 1997 5,656 5,698 5 27 121 666 1,063 3,545 229 42 OKLAHOMA CITY OK 1996 57,100 57,523 67 477 1,478 3,286 10,690 35,957 5,145 423 1997 55,020 55,343 59 409 1,397 3,200 9,778 35,628 4,549 323 OMAHA NB 1996 26,939 27,192 27 207 782 3,726 3,552 14,999 3,646 253 1997 25,453 25,655 31 176 818 3,848 3,165 13,946 3,469 202 ONTARIO CA 1996 8,907 9,028 17 44 504 860 1,479 4,292 1,711 121 1997 8,812 8,889 13 58 448 776 1,552 4,369 1,596 77 ORANGE CA 1996 4,086 4,125 I 30 177 354 878 2,019 627 39 1997 3,496 3,539 12 29 106 386 701 1,725 537 43 ORLANDO FL 1996 24,055 24,128 13 165 1,080 2,744 4,418 13,444 2,191 73 1997 25,323 25,376 14 174 1,262 2,790 4,424 14,233 2,426 53 OXNARD CA 1996 7,910 7,934 16 57 460 849 1,255 4,332 941 24 1997 7,618 7,646 5 61 518 470 1,238 4,370 956 28 PALMDALE CA 1996 5,311 5,352 6 38 260 837 1,231 2,246 693 41 1997 5,623 5,660 6 46 275 919 1,146 2,431 800 37 PASADENA CA 1996 7,423 7,512 14 40 521 603 1,365 4,142 738 89 1997 6,401 6,486 12 33 466 610 1,212 3,411 657 85 PASADENA TX 1996 7,278 7,371 9 63 189 642 1,408 3,983 984 93 1997 7,295 7,380 9 58 209 673 1,323 4,162 861 85 PATERSON NJ 1996 8,448 8,500 7 48 805 774 1,948 3,486 1,380 52 1997 7,232 7,274 14 54 694 703 1,998 2,637 1,132 42 PEORIA².⁴ IL 1996 11 448 2,086 6,480 964 127 1997 9 475 741 1,707 6,000 1,099 84 PHILADELPHIA⁴ PA 1996 94,565 97,246 420 644 13,188 5,938 13,723 40,384 20,268 2,681 1997 92,591 95,722 410 650 11,938 6,198 13,951 39,467 19,977 3,131 PHOENIX AZ 1996 108,749 109,028 186 460 3,757 6,126 19,559 60,565 18,096 279 1997 112,654 112,931 172 428 3,725 6,048 21,027 61,635 19,619 277 PITTSBURGH PA 1996 18,766 19,014 47 206 1,565 1,032 3,049 10,057 2,810 248 1997 20,551 20,805 50 175 1,543 1,010 3,359 11,598 2,816 254 PLANO TX 1996 8,318 8,329 0 49 97 423 1,443 5,918 388 II 1997 7,598 7,607 I 22 84 502 1,352 5,274 363 9 POMONA CA 1996 7,789 7,824 19 47 545 926 1,697 3,039 1,516 35 1997 6,870 6,926 34 57 477 1,110 1,344 2,571 1,277 56 PORTLAND OR 1996 50,306 50,805 51 402 2,057 5,325 7,142 28,823 6,506 499 1997 53,052 53,601 46 356 1,948 5,250 7,398 30,754 7,300 549 PORTSMOUTH VA 1996 8,582 8,649 23 57 532 454 1,605 5,040 871 67 1997 8,170 8,267 21 59 571 451 1,715 4,562 791 97 PROVIDENCE RI 1996 13,106 13,509 16 77 445 495 2,934 6,720 2,419 403 1997 11,213 11,578 12 100 415 467 2,299 5,817 2,103 365 PUEBLO CO 1996 7,371 7,423 12 74 196 1,104 1,348 4,305 332 52 1997 6,973 7,039 6 69 202 1,026 1,251 4,012 407 66 RALEIGH NC 1996 17,080 17,164 25 90 732 1,262 3,139 10,456 1,376 84 1997 19,259 19,362 23 102 727 1,404 3,650 11,947 1,406 103 RANCHOCUCAMONGA CA 1996 4,828 4,855 8 14 157 191 990 2,531 937 27 1997 4,239 4,266 3 20 144 189 902 2,205 776 27 5 Modified Crime Crime For- Aggra- Motor Index Index Mur- cible Rob- vated Larceny- vehicle Arson Total Total der rape bery assault Burglary theft theft RENO NV 1996 10,854 10,883 12 113 507 491 1,676 7,330 725 29 1997 10,702 10,713 13 113 503 422 1,762 7,144 745 II RICHMOND VA 1996 19,771 19,942 112 143 1,545 1,583 4,022 10,338 2,028 171 1997 19,419 19,576 139 112 1,533 1,679 3,555 9,727 2,674 157 RIVERSIDE CA 1996 15,493 15,782 18 115 874 2,162 2,894 7,121 2,309 289 1997 14,590 14,807 23 97 757 1,624 2,772 7,087 2,230 217 ROCHESTER' NY 1996 20,901 21,174 51 119 1,366 737 4,472 11,482 2,674 273 1997 19,889 57 129 1,557 666 3,764 10,953 2,763 ROCKFORD² IL 1996 31 750 879 3,401 8,422 1,387 48 1997 14 689 889 3,767 8,234 1,204 43 SACRAMENTO CA 1996 33,780 33,950 43 154 1,874 1,636 7,148 16,842 6,083 170 1997 34,132 34,378 41 161 1,851 1,664 6,873 17,282 6,260 246 ST. LOUIS MO 1996 56,588 57,372 166 269 4,086 5,682 9,887 29,228 7.270 784 1997 51,214 52,051 153 225 3,572 5,641 10,097 23,405 8,121 837 ST. PAUL MN 1996 20,704 20,985 26 234 875 1,302 4,127 11,504 2,636 281 1997 21,269 21,537 24 229 829 1,302 3,999 12,258 2,628 268 ST. PETERSBURG FL 1996 23,843 24,095 26 166 1,380 3,156 4,535 12,373 2,207 252 1997 22,399 22,552 21 201 1,255 3,781 4,041 11,326 1,774 153 SALEM OR 1996 10,732 10,784 7 94 191 102 1,282 8,310 746 52 1997 11,376 11,434 I 86 190 114 1,350 8,771 864 58 SALINAS CA 1996 7,554 7,608 9 54 412 884 1,031 4,339 825 54 1997 7,085 7,118 18 65 348 895 1,163 3,804 792 33 SALT LAKE CITY UT 1996 22,283 22,360 20 152 591 738 3,015 14,898 2,869 77 1997 21,714 21,776 21 141 620 685 2,911 14,346 2,990 62 SAN ANTONIO TX 1996 87,710 88,601 117 637 2,350 1,637 13,685 60,488 8,796 891 1997 83,571 84,369 95 618 2,036 1,421 13,230 57,555 8,616 798 SAN BERNARDINO CA 1996 16,970 17,119 42 79 1,281 1,831 3,544 7,201 2,992 149 1997 16,265 16,381 36 92 1,118 1,638 3,648 6,577 3,156 116 SAN DIEGO CA 1996 61,573 61,825 79 368 2,998 6,703 8,608 31,688 11,129 252 1997 58,962 59,189 67 384 2,604 6,734 8,159 30,204 10,810 227 SAN FRANCISCO CA 1996 56,592 57,044 82 298 5,539 3,967 7,079 31,062 8,565 452 1997 51,996 52,424 59 233 4,606 3,651 7,153 28,891 7,403 428 SAN JOSE⁴ CA 1996 34,287 40 341 1,098 4,596 4,700 19,793 3,719 1997 32,530 32,644 43 375 908 4,865 4,381 18,023 3,935 114 SANTA ANA CA 1996 13,213 13,589 46 62 1,178 945 1,822 6,501 2,659 376 1997 12,050 12,420 27 91 978 920 1,605 5,748 2,681 370 SANTA CLARITA CA 1996 3,255 3,295 2 19 83 492 716 1,550 393 40 1997 2,914 2,949 2 24 68 511 608 1,372 329 35 SANTA ROSA CA 1996 6,905 6,954 2 81 170 410 920 4,901 421 49 1997 7,315 7,360 10 71 195 367 1,310 4,883 479 45 SAVANNAH GA 1996 13,089 13,187 22 63 849 483 2,158 8,427 1,087 98 1997 11,943 11,996 26 61 620 465 2,230 7,340 1,201 53 SEATTLE WA 1996 55,636 55,886 37 261 1,963 2,282 7,855 36,883 6,355 250 1997 56,640 56,857 49 218 2,081 2,654 8,139 36,417 7,082 217 SHREVEPORT LA 1996 23,658 23,853 51 134 729 1,576 4,185 15,454 1,529 195 1997 20,363 20,569 42 151 640 1,677 4,003 12,549 1,301 206 SIMI VALLEY CA 1996 2,401 2,435 I 12 38 105 460 1,532 253 34 1997 2,147 2,172 5 15 48 115 503 1,257 204 25 SIOUX FALLS SD 1996 5,354 5,405 I 82 65 325 864 3,808 209 51 1997 4,736 4,767 I 65 68 314 586 3,501 201 31 SOUTH BEND IN 1996 10,822 10,937 22 93 512 395 2,880 6,185 735 115 1997 9,992 10,085 17 71 373 420 2,295 6,104 712 93 SPOKANE WA 1996 16,286 16,327 15 89 346 858 3,032 11,101 845 41 1997 16,185 16,259 12 106 406 871 3,318 10,441 1,031 74 SPRINGFIELD² IL 1996 7 452 1,008 2,359 5,697 363 33 1997 12 340 913 2,104 5,195 325 68 SPRINGFIELD MO 1996 11,505 11,608 4 76 173 542 2,182 7,851 677 103 1997 10,693 10,814 7 63 158 496 2,019 7,265 685 121 STAMFORD CT 1996 4,955 5,007 6 18 212 205 704 3,332 478 52 1997 4,422 4,455 I 18 193 245 491 2,945 529 33 STERLING HEIGHTS MI 1996 4,621 4,640 I 10 36 223 438 3,506 407 19 1997 4,843 4,880 2 18 29 202 490 3,786 316 37 STOCKTON CA 1996 19,401 19,512 46 123 1,313 1,633 3,418 9,815 3,053 III 1997 18,341 18,462 44 130 1,078 1,439 3,326 9,861 2,463 121 SUNNYVALE CA 1996 3,488 3,506 0 29 80 122 420 2,522 315 18 1997 3,201 3,225 0 26 71 114 461 2,261 268 24 SYRACUSE' NY 1996 10,999 11,105 15 62 579 742 2,821 5,940 840 106 1997 10,506 16 55 586 774 2,388 5,956 731 TACOMA WA 1996 20,143 20,268 20 137 792 1,836 3,284 11,255 2,819 125 1997 20,629 20,779 21 177 841 1,943 3,462 11,375 2,810 150 TALLAHASSEE FL 1996 14,018 14,040 10 95 363 1,094 2,157 9,505 794 22 1997 15,071 15,098 6 121 521 1,459 2,199 9,887 878 27 TAMPA FL 1996 42,873 43,100 43 264 2,671 5,711 7,373 20,787 6.024 227 1997 36,764 36,935 35 265 2,539 5,149 6,605 17,943 4,228 171 TEMPE AZ 1996 14,031 14,083 3 35 321 512 2,047 9,169 1,944 52 1997 15,171 15,217 12 72 280 504 2,197 10,223 1,883 46 THOUSAND OAKS CA 1996 2,547 2,619 3 9 64 156 447 1,616 252 72 1997 2,211 2,237 I 16 36 133 412 1,409 204 26 6 Modified Crime Crime For- Aggra- Motor Index Index Mur- cible Rob- vated Larceny- vehicle Arson Total Total der rape bery assault Burglary theft theft TOLEDO OH 1996 27,488 28,094 30 277 1,297 1,031 5,597 16,218 3,038 606 1997 27,710 28,105 25 234 1,097 1,319 5,817 16,164 3,054 395 TOPEKA' KS 1996 15,394 17 89 533 863 3,563 9,659 670 1997 15,945 8 105 484 979 3,052 10,635 682 TORRANCE CA 1996 7,054 7,080 3 31 317 281 1,385 3,826 1,211 26 1997 5,699 5,713 2 23 314 228 1,042 3,128 962 14 TUCSON AZ 1996 46,385 46,667 46 282 1,288 3,583 6,710 28,460 6,016 282 1997 48,428 48,688 51 291 1,446 3,329 6,921 29,571 6,819 260 TULSA OK 1996 27,373 27,613 31 304 868 3,225 6,131 12,545 4,269 240 1997 28,517 28,770 40 278 917 3,361 6,360 13,850 3,711 253 VALLEJO CA 1996 8,996 9,055 15 59 523 967 1,658 4,901 873 59 1997 8,741 8,812 3 49 423 1,142 1,918 4,252 954 71 VIRGINIA BEACH VA 1996 20,819 21,041 20 127 455 473 3,063 15,688 993 222 1997 19,893 20,092 19 102 515 428 2,990 14,906 933 199 WACO TX 1996 11,553 11,638 14 92 386 860 2,092 6,832 1,277 85 1997 10,398 10,462 15 107 300 821 1,977 6,210 968 64 WASHINGTON DC 1996 64,557 64,719 397 260 6,444 6,310 9,828 31,343 9,975 162 1997 54,649 54,770 300 244 5,719 5,916 8,169 26,600 7,701 121 WATERBURY CT 1996 7,953 7,963 14 39 245 360 1,930 4,396 969 10 1997 7,087 7,097 7 34 245 263 1,472 4,108 958 10 WEST COVINA CA 1996 4,968 5,010 6 24 273 265 806 2,689 905 42 1997 4,957 4,980 8 25 237 243 695 2,857 892 23 WEST VALLEY⁵ UT 1996 1997 7,585 7,610 9 55 95 433 1,025 5,367 601 25 WICHITA' KS 1996 24,881 24 227 823 1,298 5,193 14,936 2,380 1997 25,375 32 228 890 1,481 4,769 15,710 2,265 WICHITA FALLS TX 1996 6,704 6,742 9 81 152 636 1,020 4,436 370 38 1997 6,073 6,097 I 75 155 519 1,019 3,961 343 24 WINSTON-SALEM NC 1996 18,929 19,090 28 123 871 1,245 3,812 11,062 1,788 161 1997 17,978 18,108 13 167 647 1,279 3,808 10,830 1,234 130 WORCESTER MA 1996 10,061 10,156 7 106 413 1,038 2,233 5,145 1,119 95 1997 10,312 10,366 5 115 381 1,127 2,115 5,312 1,257 54 YONKERS' NY 1996 8,211 8,267 14 34 639 418 1,381 4,125 1,600 56 1997 8,178 1633 586 392 1,467 4,020 1,664 I Complete arson data for 1996 and/or 1997 are not available. 2 Forcible rape figures furnished by the state-level Uniform Crime Reporting (UCR) Program administered by the Illinois State Police were not in accordance with national UCR guidelines. Therefore, the figures were excluded from the forcible rape, Crime Index total, and Modified Crime Index total categories. Indianapolis/Marion County, Indiana, is a unified city-county government with a total population of 780,630; therefore, their Crime Index figures for 1996 and 1997 are combined and are not comparable to previous years. Due to reporting changes and/or incomplete data, figures are not comparable to previous years' figures. 5 Complete data for 1996 are not available. Trends in all tables of this report are based on the volume of crime reported by comparable units. Agency reports which are determined to be influenced by change in reporting practices for all or specific offenses or by annexations are removed from trend tables. All 1997 figures are preliminary. Final figures and crime rates per unit of population will be published in Crime in the United States 1997 scheduled to be released in the fall of 1998. PLEASE NOTE Figures used in this release are submitted voluntarily by law enforcement agencies throughout the country. Individuals using these tabulations are cautioned against drawing conclusions by making direct comparisons between cities due to the many factors which affect the amount and type of crime from place to place. Some of these factors are listed in the annual Uniform Crime Reports. More valid use can be made of these figures by determining deviations from national averages and through comparisons with averages for cities in similar population groups. (Table 1) It is important to remember that crime is a social problem, and therefore, a concern of the entire community. The efforts of law enforcement are limited to factors within its control. Data users can obtain assistance by calling (304) 625-4995. 7 05/06/98 WED 16:47 FAX 002 MÁY-05-1998 13:09 FBI PRESS OFFICE P.02/03 DRAFT U.S. Department of Justice Federal Bureau of Investigation Washington, D. C. 20535 FBI NATIONAL PRESS OFFICE FOR RELEASE (202) 324-3691 6 P.M., ET, SUNDAY MAY 17, 1998 Releasing preliminary 1997 figures from its nationwide Uniform Crime Reporting Program, the Federal Bureau of Investigation announced today that serious crime continued in a downward trend as indicated by a 4-percent decline from 1996 figures, the sixth consecutive annual decrease in reported crime. These preliminary figures indicate that the continuing trend is the result of a 5-percent decrease in violent crime and a 4-percent decrease in property crime when compared to figures from the previous year. The final figures for 1997 will be available in the fall. In the violent crime category, murder and robbery showed the greatest decline--each down 9 percent. Aggravated assault figures indicated a decrease of 2 percent and forcible rape, a decrease of 1 percent. In the property crime category, arson decreased 8 percent. Motor vehicle theft fell by 5 percent; larceny-theft fell by 4 percent; and burglary fell by 3 percent. All regions reported a decline in the Crime Index total, with the Northeast reporting the greatest decline, 6 percent. The South reported a 4-percent drop in the Crime Index total, and both the Midwest and the West recorded a 3-percent decline. Violent crime fell 5 percent in both the Northeast and the West and 4 percent in both the Midwest and the South. All regions recorded declines in the numbers of murders reported: the Northeast, 13 percent; the West, 11 percent; the South, 9 percent; and the Midwest, 6 percent. Property crime totals fell by 6 percent in the Northeast, 4 percent in the South, and 3 percent in both the Midwest and the West. Collectively, cities in all population groups in the Nation reported declines in serious crime, with cities in the three largest population groups reporting the greatest decline, 5 percent each. Cities under 10,000 reported the smallest decrease, 2 percent. Suburban counties showed a 3-percent decline from the 1996 level, and rural counties registered a 1-percent decline from the previous year's figures. Over 16,000 city, county, and state law enforcement agencies voluntarily submit 05/06/98 WED 16:47 FAX 003 MAY-05-1998 13:10 FBI PRESS OFFICE P.03/03 data to the nationwide, cooperative statistical effort of the FBI's Uniform Crime Reporting Program. These comprehensive data are published annually in Crime in the United States. The complete preliminary annual UNIFORM CRIME REPORT is available on the FBI's Internet site at http://www.fbi.gov DRAFT TOTAL as 0 PRESIDENT WILLIAM JEFFERSON CLINTON State Of The Union Address January 27, 1998 Section Of Speech: Introduction Fact: "Crime has dropped for a record five years in a row." Source: Federal Bureau of Investigation, Uniform Crime Report - 10/97; Federal Bureau of Investigation, Uniform Crime Report - 1996; Federal Bureau of Investigation, Uniform Crime Report - 1975 Explanation: Violent crime (which includes murder, forcible rape, robbery, and aggravated assault) dropped five years in a row (between 1996 and 1991), the longest period of decline since 1960. Violent crime is down 16 percent between 1992 and 1996. And it continues to drop -- data for 1997 shows violent crime dropped by 5 percent. FBI Press Release Report 1997 Crime Staustics http: www.tbi.govpressretneracrmov.hs OF U.S. Department of Justice FEDERAL BUMPAL or J Federal Bureau of Investigation For Immediate Release Washington DC November 23, 1997 FBI National Press Office UCR Preliminary Release - January through June 1997 The Nation's law enforcement agencies reported a 4-percent decrease in serious crime during the first 6 months of 1997 when compared to figures reported during the same time period of the previous year, according to preliminary Uniform Crime Reporting Program figures released today by the Federal Bureau of Investigation. An Index of violent and property crimes is used to measure serious crime. Violent crime decreased 5 percent and property crime fell 4 percent during the first half of 1997. ** In the category of violent crime, murder and robbery both dropped 9 percent; aggravated assault fell 3 percent; and forcible rape declined 2 percent. Among the property crimes, arson decreased 9 percent; motor vehicle theft and burglary both dropped 5 percent; and larceny-theft declined 4 percent. Serious crime decreased in all of the geographic regions. Declines recorded include 6 percent in the Northeast, 5 percent in Both the Midwest and West, and 3 percent in the South. All of the Nation's cities showed a decline in serious crime for the 6-month period, with the largest population groups, cities over 250,000, recording the largest decline, 6 percent. The decreases reported by suburban and rural county law enforcement agencies were 3 and 1 percent, respectively. #### Press Releases - Subject Index - FBI Home Page 1 of 1 01/26/98 23:45:09 Table 1. - Index of Crime, United States. 1977-1996 Murder Crime Modified and non- Motor Population' Index Crime Violent Property negligent Forcible Robbery Aggravated Burglary Larceny- vehicle Arson' total' Index crime crime rape assault man- theft theft total' slaughter Number of Offenses Population by year: 1977-216,332,000 10,984.500 1,029,580 9,955,000 19,120 63,500 412.610 534,350 3,071,500 5,905,700 977,700 1978-218,059,000 11,209,000 1,085,550 10,123,400 19,560 67.610 426,930 571,460 3,128,300 5,991,000 1,004,100 1979-220,099,000 12,249,500 1,208,030 11.041.500 21,460 76,390 480,700 629,480 3,327,700 6,601,000 1,112,800 1980-225,349,264 13,408,300 1,344,520 12.063,700 23.040 82,990 565,840 672.650 3,795,200 7,136,900 1,131,700 1981-229,146.000 13,423,800 1,361,820 12,061,900 22,520 82,500 592,910 663,900 3,779,700 7,194,400 1.087,800 1982-231,534,000 12,974,400 1,322,390 11,652,000 21.010 78,770 553.130 669,480 3,447,100 7,142,500 1,062,400 1983-233,981,000 12,108,600 1,258,090 10,850,500 19,310 78,920 506,570 653,290 3,129,900 6,712.800 1,007,900 1984-236.158,000 11,881,800 1,273,280 10,608,500 18,690 84,230 485,010 685,350 2,984,400 6,591,900 1,032,200 1985-238,740,000 12,431,400 1,328.800 11,102,600 18,980 88,670 497,870 723,250 3,073,300 6,926,400 1,102,900 1986-241,077,000 13,211.900 1,489,170 11,722,700 20,610 91,460 542,780 834,320 3,241,400 7,257,200 1,224,100 1987-243,400,000 13,508,700 1,484,000 12,024,700 20,100 91,110 517,700 855,090 3,236,200 7,499,900 1,288,700 1988-245,807,000 13,923.100 1,566,220 12,356,900 20,680 92,490 542,970 910,090 3,218,100 7,705,900 1,432,900 1989-248,239.000 14,251.400 1,646,040 12,605,400 21,500 94,500 578,330 951.710 3,168,200 7,872,400 1,564,800 1990-248,709.873 14,475,600 1,820,130 12,655,500 23,440 102,560 639.270 1,054,860 3,073,900 7,945,700 1,635,900 1991-252,177.000 14,872.900 1,911,770 12.961.100 24,700 106.590 687,730 1.092,740 3,157,200 8,142,200 1,661,700 1992-255,082,000 14,438.200 1,932,270 12,505,900 23.760 109,060 672,480 1,126,970 2,979,900 7,915,200 1,610,800 1993-257.908,000 14,144,800 1,926,020 12,218,800 24,530 106,010 659,870 1,135.610 2,834,800 7,820,900 1,563,100 1994-260.341.000 13,989.500 1,857,670 12.131.900 23,330 102.220 618,950 1,113,180 2,712.800 7,879,800 1,539,300 1995-262,755.000 13.862,700 1,798,790 12,063,900 21.610 97,470 580,510 1,099,210 2,593,800 7,997,700 1,472,400 1996-265,284,000 13,473 600 1,682.280 11,791,300 19,650 95,770 537,050 1,029.810 2,501.500 7,894,600 1,395,200 Percent change number of offenses 1996/1995 -2.8 -6.5 -2.3 -91 -1.7 -7.5 -6.3 -3.6 -1.3 -5.2 1996/1992 -6.7 -12.9 -5.7 -173 -12.2 20.1 -8.6 -161 -.3 -13.4 1996/1987 -.3 +13.4 -19 -22 +5.1 +3.7 +20.4 1-22 7 +5.3 +8.3 Rate per 100,000 Inhabitants Year: 1977 5,077.6 475.9 4,601.7 8.8 29.4 190.7 247.0 1,419.8 2,729.9 451.9 1978 5,140.3 497.8 4,642.5 90 310 195.8 262.1 1,434.6 2,747.4 460.5 1979 5.565.5 548.9 5,016.6 9.7 34.7 218.4 286.0 1,511.9 2,999.1 505.6 1980 5,950.0 596.6 5,353.3 102 36.8 251.1 298.5 1,684.1 3,167.0 502.2 1981 5,858.2 594.3 5,263.9 9.8 36.0 258.7 289.7 1,649.5 3,139.7 4747 1982 5,603.6 5711 5,032.5 9.1 34.0 238.9 289.2 1,488.8 3,084.8 458.8 1983 5,175.0 537.7 4,637.4 8.3 33.7 216.5 279.2 1,337.7 2,868.9 430.8 1984 5.031.3 539.2 4,492.1 7.9 35.7 205.4 290.2 1,263.7 2,791.3 437.1 1985 5.207.1 556.6 4,650.5 7.9 37.1 208.5 302.9 1,287.3 2,901.2 462.0 1986 5.480.4 6177 4,862.6 86 379 225.1 346.1 1,344.6 3.010.3 507.8 1987 5,550 0 609 7 4,940.3 8.3 37.4 212.7 351.3 1,329 6 3,081.3 529 4 5,664.2 637.2 5.027.1 84 37.6 220.9 370.2 1,309.2 3,134.9 582.9 1988 1989 5,741.0 663.1 5.077.9 8.7 38.1 233.0 383.4 1.276.3 3,171.3 630.4 1990 5.820.3 731.8 5,088.5 9.4 41.2 2570 424.1 1,235.9 3,194.8 657.8 1991 5.897.8 758.1 5,139.7 9.8 42.3 272.7 433.3 1,252.0 3,228.8 659 0 631.5 1992 5,660.2 757.5 4,902.7 9.3 42.8 263.6 441.8 1.168 2 3,103.0 1993 5.484 4 746.8 4,737.6 9.5 41.1 255.9 440 3 1,099.2 3,032 4 606.1 1994 5.373.5 713.6 4,660 0 9.0 39.3 237.7 4276 1,042 0 3,026.7 591.3 1995' 5.275.9 684.6 4,591 3 8.2 37.1 220.9 418.3 987 1 3,043.8 560.4 1996 5,078.9 634.1 4,444 8 74 36.1 202.4 388.2 9430 2,975.9 525.9 Percent change rate per 100,000 inhabitants: 1996/1995 -3.7 .74 -3.2 -98 -2.7 -8.4 -7.2 45 -2.2 -6.2 -193 -4.1 -16.7 1996/1992 -10.3 -16.3 -93 -20.4 -15.7 -23.2 -12.1 1996/1987 -85 +4.0 -100 -10.8 -3.5 -4.8 +10.5 -29.1 -3.4 .7 I Populations are Bureau of the Census provisional estimates as of July 1. except 1980 and 1990 which are the decennial census counts. 1 Because of rounding. the offenses may not add to total. 1 Although arson data are included in the trend and clearance tables. sufficient data are not available to estimate totals for this offense 4 Violent crimes are offenses of murder, forcible rape, robbery. and aggravated assault. Property crimes are offenses of burglary, larceny-theft. and motor vehicle theft. Data are not included for the property crime of arson. , The 1995 figures have been adjusted. See "Crime Trends." page 390 for details. Complete data were not available for the states of Illinois, Kansas. Kentucky. and Montana: therefore, it was necessary that their crime counts be estimated. An aggregate Florida state total for 1996 was supplied by the Florida Department of Law Enforcement. See "Offense Estimation," pages 389-390 for details All rates were calculated on the offenses before rounding. 4 1996 62 UCR Area actually reporting 81.0% 979,909 ad. 110 930.768 1,201 2,384 18.50A 42,238 243,985 Estimated total 100.0% 1,050,749 63,717 987,002 1,312 3,19d 13,068 45,523 261,378 Rate por 100,000 Inhact tanks 4,037.2 260.1 1,158.1 18 13.5 57. 8 192.2 1,109.3 Ranl 22,210,131 Area actually reporting 22% & 579,456 46,850 532,606 2,276 3,335 .527 34,712 227.225 Estimated total 100.0% 665,280 85,724 600,358 2,702 4,003 7,327 61,11 201,792 ri Rate per 100,000 inhabi- tants 1,097.2 167. 2 1.820.0 8.1 120 21.5 123.7 785.9 1 Population is Bureau of the Causus provisional estimate as of July 1, 1975. I Violent crime is offenses of murder, forcible rape, robbery, and assrevated assault, Property crime 19 offenses of Durglary. isreony-theit and ms. , The parcentage representing area secually reporting will not colncide with the ratio between reported and extimated crime totals. gi represent the sure of the colculations for individual states which have varying populations. portions reporting and crime rates. Table 2-badex of Crime, United States, 1960-1975 Murder Total Violent 1 Property and non- Formible ASSTD- Larch Population Crime crime arime negligent rate Robbery vated Burglary the Index man- emujt Hanghter Number of 1980-178,323,175. 3,384,200 288,460 8,025,700 9,110 17,190 107,840 154.320 220 912,100 1, 858, 1961-182,992,000 3,458,000 239,200 2,198,000 8,740 17,220 106,070 168,780 248,600 1,913. 1752,200 201,510 3,450,700 8,530 17,550 110,860 154,570 V24,500 2,089. 1983-188,488.000 4,100,500 316,970 3,792,500 8,640 17,650 116,470 174,210 1,088,400 2,297, 2 1 4,564,600 $64,220 4,200,400 9,360 21,420 180,820 208,050 1,213,200 =, 514. 1065-108,326,000 4,780,400 287,390 4,132,000 9,960 28,410 188,690 215,330 1,282,500 2,372 1986-195,578,000 6,229,500 420,180 €,780,300 11,040 25,820 187.990 225,330 1,410,100 of 822. 1967-197,457,000 5,802,600 490,950 5,402,500 12,240 27,620 202,910 257,168 1,832,100 s 3. 111, 1958-192,389,000 6,720.200 $26,010 6,125,200 33,800 31,670 262,840 286,700 1,858,900 3.192 of 1969-201,385,000 7,410,900 661,870 0,749,000 10,760 37,170 298,850 311,000 1,981,900 BSS. 1970-203,285,298 2,098,000 728,830 7,859,200 16,000 37,900 149,860 334,770 2,205,000 25. 1971-208,212,000 8,588,200 818,500 7.771,700 17,780 42,260 287,700 308,760 2,829,300 +24. 1972-208,230,000 5,248,800 834,900 7,413,300 18,670 46,850 274,390 398,090 2,875,500 151. 1973-209,851,000 8,718,100 875,919 7,842,200 10,640 51,400 384,230 120,858 $2,583,500 347. 1974-211.202,000 10,252,400 274,720 2,278,700 20,710 55,600 442,400 430,210 1,029,200 262, 1076-213,124,000 11,266,600 1,026,280 10,230,200 20,510 58,090 464,070 484,710 2,352,100 077, Percant change 1960-1975 +2320 +255.8 +230.5 +125.1 +226.8 +331.2 +218.1 +388.0 +22 Rate per 100,000 inhabitance: 1980 1,887.2 160.9 1,726.3 5.1 25 60. 1 4d. 508.6 1.03 1001 1,900.1 158.1 1,747.0 18 9.4 58.8 85.7 518.9 1,00 1903 2,010.8 162.2 1,857.5 " 0.1 60.7 BEL 585 1,12 1988 2,180.8 168.2 2,018.1 4.6 0.4 61. @ 024 576.4 1,211 1954 2,388.1 190.6 2,197.5 4.8 11. as. 2 106.2 634.7 1,31: 1985 2,449.0 200.2 2.248.8 5. 12.1 71.7 111.8 662.7 1,32 1988 2,670.5 220.0 2.450.9 5.6 13. BQ.8 120. 721. D 1.44 1987 2,982.7 259.2 2,736.5 6.7 14.0 102.8 180.3 826.6 1,575 1968 3,170.2 298.4 2,071.8 as 18, B 131.8 1418 232.3 1,746 1969 3,680,0 IX7 2,251.3 7.B LR s 148.4 154. 5 984.1 1,93C 1970 1,001.5 142.5 8,621.0 7.9 18. 7 1721 164.8 1,084.9 2,078 1971 4,106.7 3910 1,768.8 8.6 20.5 188.0 178.8 1,1685 2,145 1972 3,081.4 401.0 2.880.4 9.D 225 1sq.7 IEE.S 1,140.8 2,097 1973 4,164.4 417.4 5,727.0 R.4 26 3 188.1 200.8 1,232.6 2,071 1976 481.1 4,389.3 9.8 2d. 2 2023 215.8 1,487.7 2,480 1975 5,281.7 481.5 L800.3 as 26. a 218.2 277.6 1,528.0 2,804 Persent change 1980-1875 +178.9 +1923 +178.1 +85.2 +1710 +8821 +164.1 +200.0 +&TI 1 Population is Burnen of Consus provisional extimates as of July 1. except April 1. 1980 and 1070, consult. , Violens crime is offersed of murder, forcible rape, robbery, and assravated assult. Property crime Is offenses of burglary. larushy-theft, and moto: Percent change and arime rates antoclated Drior to rounding number as offenses. Revised estimates and rates based OR changes in reporting (Same Same) 1975 UCR Table 1.-Indas of Crime-United States, 1975 Murder Popu- Total Vialant Property and DOD- Foro- Rob- Accrs- Larrety- Motor Are lation 1 Crime crime crime negligent Ible bary valed Burgiary theft vehicle Todax men- rape amaigt their singhter valied States Total 212,124,000 11,266,266 1,026,294 10,230,352 20,606 56,053 464,973 484,713 3,252,128 5,877,689 1,000,466 Rate per 100,000 (nimbl- taxts 5,281.7 481.5 4,800,2 26 3.1 218.2 $37.4 1,521.0 2,804.8 469.4 Standard Metrodulities Statial al Area 154,133,251 Area actually reporting 07.2% 0,378,018 807,074 8,180,976 16,257 48,225 440,365 $42,277 2,872,009 4,902,569 809,476 Estimated total 100.0% 9,540,587 905,543 8,633.694 16,490 48,894 443.401 307,008 2,720,001 4,959,536 015,207 Role par 100,000 inhabi- tasts alles 500.3 5,839.7 10.6 31.3 234.0 264.9 1,747.9 8,19A.6 680.2 Other Cities 23,650,618 Area actually reporting ROX 979,909 $9.116 930.793 1,201 2,064 12,896 42,226 242.985 620,250 17,868 Estimated notal 100.0% 1,050,749 63,717 987,002 1,313 2,190 13,063 45,523 261,378 674,718 41,038 Rate DUT 100,000 inbact tapks 4,437.2 260.1 1,368.1 8.8 13.6 87.8 192.2 1,103.3 1,899.2 215.5 Renal 22,310,131 Area actually reporting Q1% a 579,456 48,850 $22.600 2,278 3,325 6,827 24,712 227.325 276,307 21,074 Extimated total 100.0% 668,280 85,794 609,358 2,702 4,008 7,827 62.112 201,792 312,844 34,100 Rate Dar 100,000 tahabi- tants 1,997.2 167.3 1.820.0 8.1 120 21.3 123.7 785.9 DALE 102.4 1 Population is Bureau of the Consus provisional estimate as of July 1. 1975. a Violent crime to offenses of number, forcible rape, robbery, and regravated assault, Property crime is offenses of burglary. lareoay-theil and motor vabicle that 3 The parcentage representing area actually reporting will not coincide with the rule between reported and extibuted crime totals. since those data represent the sure of the calculations for individual states which have varying posiciations. portions reporting are crime rates. Table 2-brdax of Crime, United States, 1960-1975 Murder Total Violent a Property and non- Foreible ASSTD- Lareany- Motor Population Crime crime arime negligent rape Bobbary vated Burglary theft vahicle Inder mag- amount that staughter Number of offenses: 1980-178,222,175. 3,364,200 288,400 8,026,700 2,110 17,180 107,840 154.320 912,100 1,855,400 $25,300 1951-182,992,000 3,452,000 239,290 2,198,000 8,740 17,220 108,070 148,780 948,600 1,913,000 326,000 Robin 2,751,200 201,810 8,450,700 8,530 17,550 110,860 154,570 904,200 2,089,600 $68,800 1983-188,483,000 4,109,500 316,970 2,792,500 8,640 17,650 116.470 174,210 1,055,400 2,997,800 405,300 1 4,564,600 264,220 4,200,400 9,260 21,420 150,890 308,050 1,213,200 2,516,100 472,500 Bachma. 1058-108,526,000 4,789,400 $47,390 4,352,000 9,900 28,410 188,690 215,330 1,282,500 2,372,800 400,200 1806-195,578,000 8,228,500 420,180 4,781,300 11,040 26,820 187.990 225,330 1,410.100 2,822,000 501,200 1987-197,457,000 5,802,600 490,030 5,408,500 12,240 27,62D 202 910 257,160 1,832,100 3,111,000 650,800 (Researc! 1958-192,399,000 6,780.200 496,010 6,126,200 13,800 31,800 281,840 266,700 1,858,900 3,452.700 783,600 1960-301,385,000 7,410,900 681,670 6,748,000 1a,740 37,170 $98,850 311,000 1,981,900 5,358,600 678,500 1V70-208,285,298 8,025,000 728,830 7,259,200 18,000 37,980 349,860 334,770 2,205,000 4,225,600 025.100 1971-208,212,000 8,588,200 816,500 7,771,700 17,750 42.360 287,700 208,760 2,800,300 1,224,200 948,300 1972-208,230,000 5,248,800 854,100 7,413,300 18,670 46,850 276,590 302,090 2,875,500 4,151,200 887,200 1973-209,851,000 8,718,100 876,910 7,842,200 19,640 51,400 384.20 $20,650 2,583,500 4,347,200 736,300 1974-211.202,000 10,252,400 979 720 e,278,700 20,710 55,600 $42,400 434,210 1,029,200 5,262,500 977.100 1076-213,124,000 11,264,800 1,026,230 10,260,200 20,510 56,090 484,970 484,710 2,352,100 8,077,700 1,000,500 Percent change 1960-1975 +me +255.8 +220.5 +125.1 +228.8 +m.2 +211.1 +350.0 +22: -201.5 Rate par 100,000 inbabitants: 1980 1,887.2 160.0 1,724.3 S.1 9.5 601 Sd,1 500.6 1,034.7 183.0 1001 1,900.1 158.1 1,747.0 13 9.4 58.8 85.7 518.9 1,065.4 183.0 1903 2,01a.s 1823 1,857.5 " 8.4 60.7 RE.6 525.2 1,124.8 197.4 1982 3,180.8 1012 2,018.1 4.6 Q.4 61.8 02.4 570.6 1,219.1 216. e 1954 1,881 180.6 2,157.5 4.9 11.2 0.2 100.2 630.7 1,815.5 217.3 1985 2,440.0 200.2 Z.248.8 8.1 121 71.7 111.8 662.7 1,329,3 256.5 1900 2,670.8 220.0 2.460.9 56 122 BOB 120.3 T23.0 1,442.0 280.0 1987 2,989.7 251.2 2,738.3 6.7 14.0 1028 120.2 876.0 1,575.8 234.1 1968 3,870.2 296.4 1.071.8 " 18,1 121.8 1438 $29.3 1,748.8 193.0 1988 2,850.0 321.7 1,251.3 7.B ILS 148.4 154.5 964.1 1,930.9 430.7 1970 3,106.5 362.5 1,621.0 7.9 18.7 1721 164.8 1,004.9 2,079.2 45d.9 1971 20.5 188.0 178.8 1,16%5 2,145.5 459.8 4.10L7 2010 1,762.8 LG 1972 K,081.4 601.0 2,800.4 9.0 225 180,7 188.8 1,140.8 2,022.0 428.1 1975 4,164.4 417.4 5,737.0 8.4 26.3 182.1 200.8 1,2328 2,071.0 4425 1974 4.850,4 481.1 L 289.3 9.5 26.7 200.3 215.8 1,487.7 2,489.8 962.2 1975 8,28L7 481.5 4.800.3 as 24.1 218.2 277.4 1,828.9 2,80L $ 100.4 Persent change 1900-1975 +178.9 +198.3 +178.1 +86.2 +1710 +201 +164.1 +200.0 +171.1 +1585 I Population is Burean of Consus provisional extimates as of July 1. attempt Apdl 1. 1980 and 1070, , Violent crime is offered of murder, forcible rape, robbery, and aggravated associt. Property crime is offensed of burglary. laresmy-theft, and motor vehicle thaft. , Parent change and artine rates enterlated prior to rounding number as afferms. Revised estimates and rates based OF changes in reporting practices. 49 1975 UCR Table 1.-Index of Crime-United States, 1975 Murder Popu- Total Violent 2 Property , and non- Forc- Rob. Aggra- Larceny- Motor rea lation 1 Crime crime crime negligent ible bery vated Burglary theft vehicle Index man- rape essault theft slaughter d States Total 213,124,00 11,256,566 1,026,284 10,230,282 20,505 56,093 464,973 484,713 3,252,129 5,977,698 1,000,455 Rate per 100,000 habi- tants 5,281.7 481.5 4,800.2 9.6 26.3 218.2 227.4 1,525.9 2,804.8 469.4 Standard Metropolitan Statisti- cal Area 156,133,25 Area actually reporting 97.3°; 9,378,048 897,074 8,480,074 16,257 48,225 440,365 392,227 2,679,939 4,902,559 898,476 Estimated total 100.00 9,540,537 006,843 8,633,694 16,400 48,894 443,461 397,098 2,729,061 4,989,336 915,297 Rate per 100,000 inhabi- tants 6,110.5 580.8 5,529.7 10.6 31.3 284.0 24.9 1,747.9 3,195.6 586.2 Other Cities 23,680,611 Area actually reporting 93.0% 979,909 59,116 920,793 1,201 2,984 12,695 42,236 242,985 630,250 47,558 Estimated total 100.00 1,050,749 63,717 987,032 1,313 3,196 13,685 45,623 261,276 674,718 51,038 Rate per 100,000 inhabi- tants 4,437.2 269.1 4,168.1 5.5 13.5 57.8 192.2 1,103.3 2,849.2 215.5 Rural 33,310,13 Area actually reporting 83.3% 579,456 46,850 532,606 2,216 3,395 6,527 34,712 227,235 270,297 29,074 Estimated total 100.0% 665,280 55,724 609,556 2,702 4,003 7,827 41,192 261,792 313,644 34,120 Rate per 100,000 inhabi- tants 1,997.2 167.3 1,829.9 8.1 12.0 23.5 123.7 785.9 941.6 102.4 I Population is Bureau of the Census provisional estimate as of July 1, 1975. 2 Violent crim. offenses of murder, forcible rape, robbery, nd aggravated assault. Property crime is offenses of burglary. larceny-theft and motor vehicle cheft. , The percent. representing area actually reporting WELL not coincide with the ratio between reported and estimated crime totals, since these data represent the sur the calculations for Individual states wh' h have varying populations, portions reporting and crime rates. Table 2.-Index of Crime, United States, 1960-1975 Murder Total Violent : Property , and non- Forcible Aggra- Larceny- Motor Population 1 Crime crime crime negligent rape Robbery vated Burglary theft vehicle Endex man- assault theft slaughter Number of offenses: 1900-179,32 75 3,384,200 288,460 3,095,700 9,110 17,190 107,840 154,320 912,100 1,855,400 329,200 1961-182,0 00 3,488,000 289,390 3,198,600 8,740 17,220 106,670 156,760 949,600 1,913,000 336,000 1962-185 00 3,752,200 301,510 3,450,700 8,530 17,550 110,860 164,570 994,300 2,089,600 366,800 1963-18 000 4,109,500 316,970 3,792,500 8,640 17,650 116,470 174,210 1,086,400 2,297,800 408,300 1964- 000 4,564,600 364,220 4,200,400 9,360 21,420 130,390 203,050 1,213,200 2,514,400 472,800 1965- .00 4,739,400 387,390 4,852,000 9,960 23,410 138,690 215,330 1,282,500 2,572,600 496,900 1966- 100 5,228,500 430,180 4,793,300 11,040 25,820 157,990 235,330 1,410,100 2,822,000 561,200 1967- 000 5,903,400 499,930 5,403,500 12,240 27,620 202,910 257,160 1,632,100 3,111,600 659,800 1968- 00 6,720,200 595,010 6,125,200 13,800 31,670 262,840 286,700 1,858,900 8,482,700 783,600 1969-: 100 7,410,900 661,870 6,749,000 14,760 37,170 298,850 311,090 1,981,900 3,862,600 878,500 1970-2 198 8,406,000 788,820 7,359,200 16,000 87,990 349,860 334,970 2,205,000 4,225,500 928,400 1971-2 000 8,15,200 816,500 7,771,700 17,780 42,260 387,700 368,760 2,399,300 4,424,200 948,200 1972-2 000 8,1.6,800 834,900 7,413,900 18,670 46,850 376,290 893,090 2,875,500 4,151,200 887,200 1973-20 ,000 8,718,100 875,910 7,842,200 19,640 51,400 384,230 420,650 2,565,500 4,347,900 928,800 1974-21 000 10, 58,400 974,720 9,278,700 20,710 55,400 442,400 456,210 3,039,200 5,262,500 977,100 1975-21. 000 11,56,600 1,026,280 10,230,800 20,510 56,090 464,970 484,710 8,252,100 5,977,700 1,000,500 Percent (0 1960-1975 -232.6 +255.8 +230.5 +125.1 +226.3 +831.2 +214.1 +256.6 +222.2 +204.8 Pate per 100 inhabitants: 1960 1,887.2 160.0 1,726.8 5.1 9.6 60.1 86.1 508.6 1,034.7 183.0 1961 1,906.1 158.1 1,747.9 4.8 9.4 58.3 85.7 518.9 1,045.4 183.6 1962 2,019.8 162.3 1,857.5 4.6 9.4 59.7 88.6 535.2 1,124.8 197.4 1963 2,180.8 168.: 2,012.1 4.6 9.4 61.8 92.4 576.4 1,219.1 216.6 1964 2,388.1 190 2,197.5 4.9 11.2 68.2 106.2 634.7 1,315.5 247.4 1965 2,449.0 200 2,248.8 5.1 12.1 71.7 111.3 662.7 1,329.3 256.8 1966 2,670.8 220. 2,450.9 5.6 13.2 80.8 120.3 721.0 1,442.9 286.9 1967 2,983.7 253. 2,786.5 6.2 14.0 102.8 180.2 826.6 1,575.8 334.1 1968 3,870.2 298. 3,071.8 6.9 15.9 131.8 143.8 932.8 1,746.6 293.0 1969 3,660.0 328. 3,851.3 7.8 18.5 148.4 154.5 984.1 1,930.9 436.2 1970 3,964.5 363.5 3,621.0 7.9 18.7 172.1 164.8 1,084.9 2,079.3 456.8 1971 4,164.7 396.0 3,768.3 8.6 20.5 188.0 178.8 1,162.5 2,145.5 459.8 1972 3,961.4 401.0 8,560.4 9.0 22.5 180.7 188.8 1,140.8 1,992.6 426.1 1973 4,154.4 417.4 3,787.0 9.4 24.5 183.1 200.5 1,222.5 2,071.9 442.6 1974 4,850.< 461.1 4,389.3 9.8 26.2 209.3 215.8 1,437.7 2,489.5 462.2 1975 5,281.7 481.5 4,800.2 9.6 26.3 218.2 227.4 1,525.9 2,804.8 460.4 Percent change 1960-1975 +170.0 +199.8 +178.1 +89.2 +174.0 +263.1 +164.1 +200.0 +171.1 +156.8 I Population is Bureau of Census provisional a nates as of July 1, except April 1, 1960 and 1070, census. 1 Violent crime is offenses of murder, forcible rap obbery, and aggravated assault. Property crime is offenses of burglary, larceny-theft, and motor vehicle theft. 1 Percent change and crime rates calculated prior to rounding number of offenses. Revised estimates and rates based on changes in reporting practices. 49 Table 1.-Index of Crime-United States, 1975 Murder Popu- Total Violent 1 Property I and non- Fore- Rob. Aggra- Larceny- Motor Area lation 1 Crime crime crime negligent Ible bery vated Burglary theft vehicle Index man- rape assault theft slaughter United States Total 213,124,000 11,256,566 1,026,284 10,230,282 20,505 56,093 464,973 484,713 8,252,129 5,977,698 1,000,455 Rate per 100,000 Inhabi- tants 5,281.7 481.5 4,800.2 9.6 26,3 218.2 227.4 1,525.9 2,804.8 469.4 Standard Metropolitan Statistic cal Area 156,133,251 Area actually reporting 97.3% 9,378,048 897,074 8,480,074 16,257 48,225 440,365 302,227 2,679,039 4,902,559 808,476 Estimated total 100.0% 9,840,537 906,843 8,633,694 16,400 48,894 443,461 397,008 2,720,061 4,989,336 915,297 Rate per 100,000 inhabi- tants 6,110.5 580.8 5,529.7 10.6 31.3 284.0 254.0 1,747.9 3,198.6 586.2 Other Cities 23,680,618 Area actually reporting 93.0% 979,900 59,116 920,793 1,201 2,984 12,605 42,236 242,985 630,250 47,558 Estimated total 100.0% 1,060,749 63,717 987,032 1,313 3,106 13,685 45,523 261,276 674,718 51,038 Rate per 100,000 Inhabi- tants 4,437.2 269.1 4,168.1 8.8 13.5 57.8 192.2 1,103.8 2,849.2 215.8 Rural 23,310,131 Area actually reporting 83.3% 579,456 46,850 532,606 2,216 3,395 6,527 34,712 227,235 276,297 29,074 Estimated total 100.0% 665,280 55,724 609,856 2,702 4,003 7,827 41,192 261,792 313,644 84,120 Rate per 100,000 inhabi- tants 1,997.2 167.3 1,829.9 8.1 12.0 23.5 123.7 785.9 941.6 102.4 I Population is Bureau of the Census provisional estimate as of July 1, 1975. $ Violent crime is offenses of murder, forcible rape, robbery, and aggravated assault. Property crime is offenses of burglary. larceny-theft and motor vehicle thaft 8 The percentage representing area actually reporting will not coincide with the ratio between reported and estimated crime totals, since these data represent the sum of the calculations for individual states which have varying populations, portions reporting and crime miss. Table 2.-Index of Crime, United States, 1960-1975 Murder Total Violent , Property , and non- Forcible Aggra- Larceny- Motor 1 Crime crime crime negligent rape Robbery vated Burglary theft vehicle Index man- assault theft slaughter Number of offenses: 1960-179,828,175 1,884,200 288,460 8,005,700 9,110 17,190 107,640 154,820 912,100 1,855,400 829,200 1961-182,992,000 3,488,000 289,890 3,198,600 8,740 17,220 106,670 156,760 949,600 1,913,000 336,000 1982-185,771,000 8,752,200 801,510 8,450,700 8,530 17,550 110,860 164,570 904,300 2,089,600 366,800 1063-188,483,000 4,109,500 816,970 8,792,500 8,640 17,650 116,470 174,210 1,086,400 2,297,800 408,300 1964-191,141,000 4,564,600 264,220 4,200,400 9,860 21,420 130,390 203,050 1,218,200 2,514,400 472,800 1965-198,526,000 4,739,400 387,390 4,852,000 9,960 28,410 138,690 215,830 1,282,500 2,872,600 496,900 1966-195,576,000 5,228,500 430,180 4,793,300 11,040 25,820 157,900 285,830 1,410,100 2,822,000 561,200 1967-197,457,000 5,908,400 499,930 5,408,500 12,240 27,620 202,910 257,160 1,682,100 3,111,000 659,800 1968-199,309,000 6,720,200 595,010 6,125,200 18,800 81,670 262,840 286,700 1,858,900 8,482,700 783,600 1960-201,$85,000 7,410,900 661,870 6,749,000 14,760 $7,170 296,850 $11,000 1,981,900 3,888,600 878,500 1970-208,285,298 8,098,000 738,820 7,859,200 16,000 87,000 349,860 334,970 2,205,000 4,225,500 928,400 1971-206,212,000 8,588,200 816,500 7,771,700 17,780 42,260 387,700 368,760 2,399,300 4,424,200 948,200 1972-208,280,000 8,248,800 834,900 7,413,200 18,670 46,850 876,200 803,000 2,375,500 4,151,200 887,200 1978-200,851,000 8,718,100 875,910 7,842,200 19,640 51,400 $84,230 420,650 2,565,500 4,847,900 928,800 1974-211,392,000 10,253,400 974,720 9,278,700 20,710 55,400 442,400 456,210 3,039,200 5,262,500 977,100 1075-218,124,000 11,256,600 1,026,280 10,230,800 20,510 56,000 464,970 484,710 8,252,100 5,977,700 1,000,500 Percent change 1960-1975 +282.6 +255.8 +230.5 +125.1 +226.8 +831.2 +214.1 +256.6 +222.2 +204.8 Rate per 100,000 inhabitants: 1980 1,887.2 160.9 1,726.8 5.1 9.6 60.1 86.1 508.6 1,084.7 188.0 1961 1,906.1 158.1 1,747.9 4.8 9.4 58.8 85.7 518.9 1,045.4 183.6 1962 2,019.8 162.8 1,857.5 4.6 9.4 50.7 88.6 535.2 1,124.8 197.4 1968 2,180.8 108.2 2,012.1 4.6 0.4 61.8 92.4 570.4 1,219.1 216.6 1964 2,388.1 190.6 2,197.5 4.9 11.2 68.2 106.2 634.7 1,315.5 247.4 1965 2,449.0 200.2 2,248.8 5.1 12.1 71.7 111.3 662.7 1,829.8 256.8 1966 2,670.8 220.0 2,450.9 5.6 18.2 80.8 120.8 721.0 1,442.9 286.9 1967 2,989.7 253.2 2,736.5 6.2 14.0 102.8 180.2 826.6 1,575.8 334.1 1968 8,870.2 298.4 3,071.8 6.9 18.9 181.8 143.8 982.8 1,746.6 393.0 1969 3,660.0 $28.7 3,351.3 7.8 18.5 148.4 154.5 964.1 1,930.9 436.2 1970 3,964.5 863.5 8,621.0 7.9 18.7 172.1 164.8 1,064.9 2,079.8 456.8 1971 4,164.7 396.0 2,706.8 8.6 20.5 188.0 178.8 1,168.5 2,145.5 459.8 1972 8,961.4 401.0 8,560.4 V.O 22.5 180.7 188.8 1,140.8 1,998.6 426.1 1978 4,154.4 417.4 3,787.0 9.4 24.5 183.1 200.5 1,222.8 2,071.9 442.6 1974 4,850.4 461.1 4,880.8 9.8 26.2 200.8 215.8 1,437.7 2,489.5 462.2 1975 5,281.7 481.8 4,800.2 9.6 26.8 218.2 227.4 1,525.9 2,804.8 400.4 Percent change 1000-1975 +179.9 +190.8 +178.1 +89.2 +174.0 +268.1 +164.1 +200.0 +171.1 +166.8 I Population is Bureau of Census provisional estimates M of July 1, except April 1, 1900 and 1070, cansus. , Violent crime la offenses of murder, foreible rape, robbery, and aggravated assault. Property crime is offenses of burgiary, larceny-theft, and motor vehicle theft. I Percent change and crime rates calculated prior 10 rounding number of offenses. Revised estimates and rates based on changes in reporting practices. 49 Table 1.-Index of Crime-United States, 1975 Murder Pepo- Total Violent 1 Property 1 and non- Fore- Rob. Aggra- Lareeny- Motor Area lation : Crime crime crime negligent Ible bery vated Borglary theft vehicle Index man- rape assault theft slaughter United States Total 213,124,800 11,298,868 1,036,234 10,230,282 20,505 56,093 664,973 454,713 2,252,129 5,977,698 1,000,455 Rate per 100,000 Inhabi- tasts 5,281.7 481.5 4,808.2 9.6 26,3 218.2 227.4 1,526,9 2,804.8 469.4 Standard Metropolitan Statisti- cal Area 156,133,251 actually reporting 97.3% 9,378,048 897,074 8,480,974 16,257 48,225 440,365 292,227 2,679,939 4,902,559 806,476 Estimated total 100.0% 9,840,537 906,843 8,633,694 16,490 48,894 443,461 297,998 2,729,061 4,969,336 915,297 Rate per 100,000 tababl- tants 6,130.8 580.8 5,529.7 10.6 31.3 284.0 254.9 1,747.9 3,196.6 586.2 Other Cities 23,620,618 Area actually reporting 91.0% 979,909 $9,116 920,793 1,201 2,964 12,095 42,236 242,985 630,260 47,558 Estimated total 100.0% 1,000,749 63,717 987,032 1,313 3,196 13,685 45,523 261,276 674,718 51,038 Rate per 100,000 inhabi- tants 4,437.2 269.1 4,168.1 as 13.5 57.8 192.2 1,103.3 2,849.2 215.8 Rural 33,310,131 Area actually reporting 81.3% 579,456 46,850 532,606 2,216 1,255 6,527 34,712 227,235 276,297 29,074 Estimated total 100.0% 665,280 55,724 609,586 2,702 4,003 7,827 41,192 261,792 313,644 24,120 Rate per 100,000 tahabi- tants 1,907.2 167.3 1,829.9 a1 12.0 23.5 123.7 785.9 941.6 102.4 3 Population is Burean of the Census provisional estimate as of July 1, 1975. a Violent crime is offenses of murder, foreible rape, robbery, and aggravated assault. Property crime is offenses of burglary. laroeny-theft and motor vehicle theft $ The percentage representing area actually reporting will not coincide with the ratio between reported and estimated crime totals, since these data represent the sum of the calculations for Individual states which have varying populations, portions reporting and crime rates. Table 2.-Index of Crime, United States, 1960-1975 Murder Total Violent & Property and non- Forcible Aggra- Larceny- Motor Population 1 Crime crime crime negligent rape Robbery vated Burglary theft vehicle Index man- assault theft our slaughter Number of offenses: 1980-179,223,175 2,284,200 288,460 2,095,700 9,110 17,190 107,840 154,820 912,100 1,855,400 329,200 1961-182,992,000 3,488,000 289,390 2,198,600 8,740 17,220 106,670 156,760 949,600 1,913,000 $36,000 1962-185,771,000 8,752,200 201,510 2,450,700 8,530 17,550 110,860 164,570 994,300 2,089,600 366,800 1963-188,483,000 4,109,500 316,970 3,792,500 8,640 17,650 116,470 174,210 1,086,400 2,297,800 408,300 1964-191,141,000 4,564,600 264,220 4,200,400 9,360 21,420 130,390 203,050 1,213,200 2,514,400 472,800 1965-198,526,000 4,720,400 $87,390 4,852,000 9,960 23,410 138,600 215,330 1,282,500 2,572,600 496,900 1009 5,228,500 430,180 4,793,300 11,040 25,820 157,990 285,880 1,410,100 2,822,000 561,200 1987-197,457,000 5,902,400 499,930 5,403,500 12,240 27,620 202,910 257,160 1,632,100 2,111,600 659,800 1988-199,399,000 6,720,200 505,010 6,125,200 18,800 81,670 262,840 286,700 1,858,900 3,482,700 783,000 1989-201,385,000 7,410,900 661,870 6,749,000 14,760 37,170 298,850 311,000 1,981,900 3,888,600 878,500 1970-208,235,208 8,098,000 738,820 7,859,200 16,000 $7,990 349,860 334,970 2,205,000 4,225,500 928,400 1971-208,212,000 8,568,200 816,500 7,771,700 17,780 42,200 $87,700 266,760 2,899,800 4,424,200 948,200 1972-208,280,000 8,248,800 834,900 7,413,900 18,670 46,850 876,290 293,090 2,875,500 4,151,200 887,200 1973-200,851,000 8,718,100 875,910 7,842,200 19,640 81,400 884,230 420,650 2,865,500 4,847,900 928,800 1974-211,392,000 10,253,400 974,720 9,278,700 20,710 58,400 442,400 456,210 2,030,200 5,262,500 977,100 1975-213,124,000 11,256,600 1,026,280 10,230,800 20,510 56,000 464,970 484,710 8,252,100 5,977,700 1,000,500 Percent change 1960-1975 +2826 +255.8 +230.5 +125.1 +224.8 +831.2 +214.1 +256.6 +222.2 +204.8 Rate per 100,000 inhabitants: 1960 1,887.2 160.9 1,726.8 5.1 9.6 60.1 86.1 506.6 1,084.7 188.0 1961 1,906.1 158.1 1,747.9 4.8 9.4 58.8 85.7 518.9 1,045.4 183.6 1962 2,019.8 162.8 1,857.5 4.6 9.4 59.7 88.6 535.2 1,124.8 197.4 1963 2,180.8 168.2 2,012.1 4.6 9.4 61.8 92.4 576.4 1,219.1 216.6 1964 2,368.1 190.6 2,197.5 4.9 11.2 68.2 106.2 634.7 1,815.5 247.4 1965 2,449.0 200.2 2,248.8 5.1 12.1 71.7 111.3 662.7 1,829.8 256.8 1966 2,670.8 220.0 2,450.9 5.6 18.2 80.8 120.8 721.0 1,442.9 286.9 1967 2,089.7 258.2 2,736.5 6.2 14.0 102.8 180.2 826.6 1,575.8 834.1 1968 8,870.2 296.4 8,071.8 6.9 15.9 181.8 143.8 982.8 1,746.6 393.0 1969 2,680.0 228.7 2,251.3 7.8 18.5 148.4 154.5 964.1 1,930.9 436.2 1970 1,984.5 363.5 8,621.0 7.9 18.7 172.1 164.8 1,084.9 2,079.8 456.8 1971 4,164.7 396.0 3,768.8 8.6 20.5 188.0 178.8 1,168.5 2,145.5 450.8 1972 3,961.4 401.0 2,560.4 V.O 22.5 180.7 188.8 1,140.8 1,998.6 426.1 1078 4,154.4 417.4 8,787.0 9.4 24.5 188.1 200.5 1,222.5 2,071.9 442.6 1974 4,850.4 461.1 4,380.3 9.8 26.2 200.8 215.8 1,437.7 2,480.5 402.2 1973 5,281.7 481.5 4,800.2 9.6 26.8 218.2 227.4 1,525.9 2,804.8 480.4 Percent change 1960-1975 +179.9 +199.5 +178.1 +89.2 +174.0 +268.1 +164.1 -1-200.0 +171.1 +156.5 I Population is Bureau of Census provisional estimates as of July 1, except April 1, 1960 and 1070, census. a Violent crime La offenses of murder, forcible rape, robbery, and aggravated assault. Property crime is offenses of burgiary, laroeny-theft, and motor vehicle theft. I Percent change and crime rates calculated prior to rounding number of offenses. Revised estimates and rates based on changes in reporting practices. 49 PRESIDENT WILLIAM JEFFERSON CLINTON State Of The Union Address January 27, 1998 Section Of Speech: A SOCIETY ROOTED IN RESPONSIBILITY Fact: "I can report to you tonight that Violent crime is down, robbery is down, assault is down, burglary is down for five years in a row, all across America." Source: Federal Bureau of Investigation, Uniform Crime Report - -10/97; Federal Bureau of Investigation, Uniform Crime Report - 1996; Federal Bureau of Investigation, Uniform Crime Report - 1975 Explanation: Violent crime (which includes murder, forcible rape, robbery, and aggravated assault) has dropped five years in a row (between 1996 and 1991), the longest period of decline since 1960. Violent crime is down 16 percent between 1992 and 1996. And it continues to drop -- data for 1997 shows violent crime dropped by 5 percent. Specifically, robbery is down 23.2 percent between 1992 and 1996. And data for 1997 shows it decreased 9 percent. Aggravated assault is down 12 percent between 1992 and 1996. And data for 1997 shows it declined 3 percent. Burglary is also down 19 percent between 1992 and 1996. And data for 1997 shows it declined 5 percent. U.S. Department of Justice Federal Bureau of Investigation Washington. D. C. 20535 FBI NATIONAL PRESS OFFICE FOR RELEASE (202) 324-3691 6 P.M., ET, SUNDAY NOVEMBER 23, 1997 The Nation's law enforcement agencies reported a 4-percent decrease in serious crime during the first 6 months of 1997 when compared to figures reported during the same time period of the previous year, according to preliminary Uniform Crime Reporting Program figures released today by the Federal Bureau of Investigation. An Index of violent and property crimes is used to measure serious crime. Violent crime decreased 5 percent and property crime fell 4 percent during the first half of 1997 In the category of violent crime, murder and robbery both dropped 9 percent; aggravated assault fell 3 percent; and forcible rape declined 2 percent. Among the property crimes. arson decreased 9 percent; motor vehicle theft and burglary both dropped S percent; and larceny- theft declined 4 percent. Serious crime decreased in all of the geographic regions. Declines recorded include 6 percent in the Northeast, 5 percent in both the Midwest and West, and 3 percent in the South All of the Nation's cities showed a decline in serious crime for the 6-month period, with the largest population groups, cities over 250,000, recording the largest decline, 6 percent The decreases reported by suburban and rural county law enforcement agencies were 3 and 1 percent, respectively. The complete semiannual UNIFORM CRIME REPORT is available on the FBI's Internet site at http://www.fbi.gov Table 1. - Index of Crime, United States, 1977-1996 Murder Crime Modified and non- Motor Population' Index Crime Violent Property negligent Forcible Robbery Aggravated Burglary Larceny- vehicle Arson' total: Index crime crime rape assault man- theft theft total' slaughter Number of Offenses Population by year: 1977-216,332.000 10,984,500 1,029,580 9,955,000 19.120 63,500 412,610 534,350 3,071.500 5,905,700 977,700 1978-218,059,000 11,209,000 1,085,550 10,123,400 19,560 67,610 426,930 571,460 3,128.300 5,991,000 1,004,100 1979-220,099,000 12,249,500 1,208,030 11,041,500 21,460 76,390 480,700 629,480 3,327,700 6,601,000 1,112.800 1980-225,349,264 13,408,300 1,344,520 12,063,700 23,040 82,990 565,840 672,650 3,795,200 7,136,900 1,131,700 1981-229,146,000 13,423,800 1,361,820 12,061,900 22.520 82,500 592,910 663,900 3,779,700 7,194,400 1,087,800 1982-231,534,000 12,974,400 1,322,390 11,652,000 21,010 78,770 553.130 669,480 3,447,100 7,142,500 1,062,400 1983-233,981,000 12,108,600 1,258,090 10,850,500 19,310 78,920 506,570 653,290 3,129,900 6,712,800 1,007,900 1984-236,158,000 11,881.800 1,273,280 10,608,500 18,690 84,230 485,010 685,350 2,984,400 6,591,900 1,032,200 1985-238,740.000 12,431,400 1,328,800 11,102,600 18,980 88,670 497,870 723,250 3,073,300 6,926,400 1,102,900 1986-241,077,000 13,211,900 1,489,170 11,722,700 20,610 91,460 542,780 834,320 3,241,400 7,257,200 1,224,100 1987-243,400.000 13,508,700 1,484,000 12,024,700 20,100 91,110 517,700 855,090 3,236,200 7,499,900 1,288,700 1988-245,807,000 13,923,100 1,566,220 12,356,900 20,680 92,490 542,970 910,090 3,218,100 7,705,900 1,432,900 1989-248,239,000 14,251,400 1,646,040 12,605,400 21,500 94,500 578.330 951.710 3,168,200 7,872,400 1,564,800 1990-248,709,873 14,475,600 1,820,130 12,655,500 23,440 102,560 639,270 1,054,860 3,073,900 7,945,700 1,635,900 1991-252,177,000 14,872,900 1,911,770 12,961,100 24,700 106,590 687,730 1,092,740 3,157,200 8,142,200 1,661,700 1992-255,082,000 14,438,200 1,932,270 12,505,900 23,760 109,060 672,480 1,126,970 2,979,900 7,915,200 1,610,800 1993-257,908,000 14,144,800 1,926,020 12,218,800 24,530 106.010 659.870 1,135.610 2,834,800 7,820,900 1,563,100 1994-260,341,000 13,989.500 1,857,670 12,131,900 23.330 102.220 618,950 1,113,180 2,712,800 7,879,800 1,539,300 1995-262,755.000 13,862,700 1,798,790 12,063,900 21,610 97,470 580,510 1,099,210 2,593,800 7,997,700 1,472,400 1996-265,284,000 13,473.600 1,682.280 11.791.300 19.650 95,770 537.050 1,029,810 2,501,500 7,894,600 1,395,200 Percent change number of offenses: 1996/1995 -2.8 -6.5 -2.3 -91 -1.7 -7.5 -6.3 -3.6 -1.3 -5.2 1996/1992 -6.7 -12.9 -5.7 -17.3 -12.2 -20.1 -8.6 -16.1 -.3 -13.4 1996/1987 -.3 +13.4 -19 -22 +5.1 +3.7 +20.4 -22.7 +5.3 +8.3 Rate per 100,000 Inhabitants Year: 1977 5,077.6 475.9 4,601.7 8.8 29.4 190.7 247.0 1,419.8 2,729.9 451.9 1978 5,140.3 497.8 4,642.5 9.0 31.0 195.8 262.1 1,434.6 2,747.4 460.5 1979 5,565.5 548.9 5,016.6 9.7 34.7 218.4 286.0 1,511.9 2,999.1 505.6 1980 5,950.0 596.6 5,353.3 10.2 36.8 251.1 298.5 1,684.1 3,167.0 502.2 1981 5,858.2 594.3 5,263.9 9.8 36.0 258.7 289.7 1,649.5 3,139.7 474.7 1982 5,603.6 571.1 5,032.5 9.1 34.0 238.9 289.2 1,488.8 3,084.8 458.8 1983 5,175.0 537.7 4,637.4 8.3 33.7 216.5 279.2 1,337.7 2,868.9 430.8 1984 5,031.3 539.2 4,492.1 7.9 35.7 205.4 290.2 1,263.7 2,791.3 437.1 1985 5,207.1 556.6 4,650.5 7.9 37.1 208.5 302.9 1,287.3 2,901.2 462.0 1986 5,480.4 6177 4,862.6 8.6 37.9 225.1 346.1 1,344.6 3,010.3 507.8 1987 5,550.0 609.7 4,940.3 8.3 37.4 212.7 351.3 1,329.6 3,081.3 529.4 1988 5,664.2 637.2 5,027.1 8.4 37.6 220.9 370.2 1,309.2 3,134.9 582.9 1989 5,741.0 663.1 5,077.9 8.7 38.1 233.0 383.4 1,276.3 3,171.3 630.4 1990 5,820.3 731.8 5,088.5 9.4 41.2 257.0 424.1 1,235.9 3,194.8 657.8 1991 5.897.8 758.1 5,139.7 9.8 42.3 272.7 433.3 1,252.0 3,228.8 659.0 1992 5,660.2 757.5 4,902.7 9.3 42.8 263.6 441.8 1,168.2 3,103.0 631.5 1993 5,484.4 746.8 4,737.6 9.5 41.1 255.9 440.3 1,099.2 3,032.4 606.1 1994 5,373.5 713.6 4,660.0 9.0 39.3 237.7 427.6 1,042.0 3,026.7 591.3 1995' 5,275.9 684.6 4,591.3 8.2 37.1 220.9 418.3 987.1 3,043.8 560.4 1996 5,078.9 634.1 4,444.8 7.4 361 202.4 388.2 943.0 2,975.9 525.9 Percent change rate per 100,000 inhabitants: 1996/1995 -3.7 -7.4 -3.2 -9.8 -2.7 -8.4 -7.2 -4.5 -2.2 -6.2 1996/1992 -10.3 -16.3 -9.3 -20.4 -15.7 -23.2 -12.1 -19.3 -4.1 -16.7 1996/1987 -8.5 +4.0 -10.0 -10.8 -3.5 -4.8 +10.5 -29.1 -3.4 -.7 1 Populations are Bureau of the Census provisional estimates as of July 1. except 1980 and 1990 which are the decennial census counts. 2 Because of rounding, the offenses may not add to total. 3 Although arson data are included in the trend and clearance tables, sufficient data are not available to estimate totals for this offense. . Violent crimes are offenses of murder, forcible rape. robbery. and aggravated assault. Property crimes are offenses of burglary. larceny-theft, and motor vehicle theft. Data are not included for the property crime of arson. 3 The 1995 figures have been adjusted. See "Crime Trends." page 390 for details. Complete data were not available for the states of Illinois, Kansas, Kentucky. and Montana: therefore. it was necessary that their crime counts be estimated An aggregate Florida state total for 1996 was supplied by the Florida Department of Law Enforcement. See "Offense Estimation," pages 389-390 for details. All rates were calculated on the offenses before rounding. 4 1996 62 UCR 002 Table 1.-Index of Gime-United States, 1975 Murder Pogu- Total Viclent Property and non- Foro- Rob- ART. Larcony- Motor Area lation Crime crime crime necligent Ible bary valed Burglary theft vehicle Inder mah- rape assign theft signghter United Bales Total 211,134.000 11,266,866 1,026,284 10,230,157 20,606 56,053 461,878 484,715 3,257,129 5,877,699 1.000,456 Date per 100,000 (nhabl- 5,281.7 481.5 4,E00,2 " 26.3 218.2 $37.4 1,50LD 2,80L 8 LABLE 469.1 Standard Metropolities Statial al Area 154,133,251 Area actually reporting 07.2% 0,378,058 897,074 8,480.974 16,257 48,225 440,265 882,227 2,670,000 4,902,559 809,476 Estimated total 100.0% 9,540,537 906,543 8,633,694 16,490 45,894 443,401 597,998 2,720,061 4,989,836 015,207 Rate par 100,000 inhabi- tasts 6,110.5 520.8 5,829.7 10.6 31.3 284.0 25C D 1,747.9 8,100.6 680.2 Other Citics 23,420,818 Area actually reporting 03.0% 978,909 20.116 930.793 1,301 2,084 18.80s 42,238 242.985 620,250 17,468 Estimated total 100.0% 1,000,749 63,717 987,002 1,312 3,19d 13,668 45,525 261,376 674.718 41,038 Rate per 100,000 lababt CODRS 4,457.2 289.1 1,152.1 8.8 13.6 57.8 1922 1,100.3 2,548.2 215.5 Renal 21,210,131 Ama actually reporting 02.2% 579,456 46,850 533,600 2,210 3,335 6,827 34,712 227,235 270,207 29,074 Estimated total 100.0% 665,280 85,724 600,356 2,702 4,003 7,827 41.12 261,792 312,644 34,100 Rate per 100,000 tahabl- tants 1,997.2 167.3 1.820.0 8.1 120 213 1217 785.9 HLC 1024 1 Popalation is Bureen of the Causus provisional estimate h.S of July 1. 1975. , Violen: crime b offensed of murder, foreible rape, robbery, and Regravated assault, Property crime is ollenses of Durglary. tgreeny-theit and motor unhile that , The percentage representing area actually reporting will not coincide with the ratto between reported and attanuted crime totals. since those data represent the sum of the colculations for individual states which have varying populations. Dortions reporting end crime rotes. Table 2-brdex of Crime, United States, 1960-1975 Murder Total Violoat Property and non- Foreible ASBTD- Larceny. Motor Population Crime crime arime negligent rape Robbary vated Burglary theft vahicle Index med- amount theft Hanghter Number of observes: 1980-178,223,175 3,384,200 238,460 8,025,700 9,110 17,190 107,840 154.220 012,100 1,858,400 $28,360 1961-182,992,000 1,458,000 289,200 8,108,000 8,740 17,220 100,070 168,760 240.600 1,913,000 336,000 2,751,200 201,510 3,480,700 8,530 17,550 110,860 154,870 994,800 2,089,600 868,600 1983-185,453.000 5,109,500 316,970 3,792,500 8,040 17,850 116.470 174,210 1,088,400 297,800 105,300 1,864,500 364,220 4,200,400 9,360 21,420 180,890 303,050 1,211,200 C,514,400 472,800 4,780,400 $87,390 4,152,000 9,960 23,410 188,490 215,530 1,282,500 2,372,800 490,000 8,223,500 130,180 4,780,300 11,040 25,820 187.990 225,330 1,410,100 1,822,000 501,200 1987-197,457,000 5,802,600 490,030 5,402,500 12,240 37,620 202810 257,160 1.852,100 3,111,000 650,800 1968-192,399,000 6,720.200 626,010 6,126,200 12,800 31,6.0 202,840 286,700 1,853,900 $ 152,700 783,600 1969-301,385,000 7,410,900 661,870 4,749,000 14,760 37,170 298,850 311,000 1,981,900 3,858,500 678.500 1970-203,285,298 2,008,000 728,830 7,259,200 16,000 37,900 219,560 334,770 2,205,000 4,225,800 025.100 1971-208,212,000 8,588,200 816,500 7,771,700 17,780 42.260 287,700 368,700 2,800,300 1,124,200 945,300 1972-206,200,000 8,248,600 834,900 7,413,200 18,670 46,850 276,590 308,090 2,875,500 4,151,200 887,200 1973-209,251,000 8,718,100 878.910 7,842,200 10.640 51,400 384,20 120,850 2,563,500 4,347,900 728,800 1974-211,202,000 10,252,400 771 720 8,278,700 20,710 33,600 442,400 450,210 1,029,200 5,262,500 077.100 1076-213,124,000 11,264,600 1,026,280 10,230,300 20.510 56,080 164,070 484,710 2,352,100 5.077,700 1,000,500 Percant change 1960-1975 the +255.8 +230 5 +125.1 +226.8 +III.2 +214.1 +254.0 +22: +204.5 Rece per 100,000 inbabitance 1980 1,887.2 160.9 1,726.0 5.1 9.6 50.1 $4.1 508.6 1,034.7 183.0 1001 1.905.1 158.1 1,747.0 15 9.4 58.8 85.7 518.9 1,005.4 183.0 1913 2,010.8 1822 1,857.5 18 as 60.7 SEL6 585.3 1,124 8 197.4 1958 1,180.8 168.2 2,018 4.6 0.4 61.8 824 570_4 1,219.1 21d. e 1954 2,881.1 190.6 2,197.6 4.9 11.2 60.2 106.2 634.7 1,115.5 217.3 1985 2,440.0 2002 Z.248.5 5.1 12.1 71.7 111.8 6027 1,329,3 256.B 1995 2,670.6 2nc 2.450.9 58 12.2 80.8 120.3 721.0 1,442.0 290.V 1987 2,982.7 2532 2,78d.8 6.9 14.0 1028 130.2 826.6 1,578.8 124.1 1968 S,870.2 298.4 1,071.8 L9 IS. # 121.8 14%8 are 1,736.8 393.0 1959 3,650.0 IX7 2,251.3 7.8 US 148.4 154.5 964.1 1,830.9 438.7 1970 1,001.5 142.5 8,621.0 7.9 35.7 1721 164.8 1,0849 2,070.2 450.9 1971 4.10C7 $910 2,768.8 6.6 205 188.0 178.8 1,103.5 2115.5 439.8 1972 2,051.4 40LD 2,800.4 8.0 725 180.7 IEE.S 1,140.8 1,003.6 475.1 1978 4,164.4 417.4 5,737.0 R.4 26.5 183.1 200.8 1,2326 2,071.0 442.6 1974 18814 481.1 ( 389.3 9.8 262 2013 z1&.B 1,427.7 2,480.8 $62.2 1975 4,281.7 ZI7.4 1,529.0 2 600 8 $00.4 481.5 4.800.1 06 28.8 215.2 Persent change 1900-1875' +1788 +1993 +178.1 +812 +1710 +8821 +164.1 +200.0 +171.1 +136.5 # Population is Burnan of Consus providional extimates as of July 1. except Apdl 1. 1980 and 1070, concul , Violens crime L offered of murder, forcible rape, robbery, and aggravated assoft Property crime is offerses of burglary. larenty-cheft. and motor volicle then. , Percent change and and rates calculated prior to rounding number of offenses. Revised estimates and rates based on changes to reporting Deactices. 49 VIOLENT CRIME CHART 2.5 PERCENT CHANGE FROM 1992 Percent 3 -0.3 -3.9 -6.9 -12.9 0 -3 -6 -9 Number of -12 Offenses Known Rate per 100,000 Inhabitants -15 -18 -5.8 96 163 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 12 7 ROBBERY CHART 2.8 PERCENT CHANGE FROM 1992 Percent 6 -1.9 -8.0 -13.7 20.1 3 0 -3 -6* -9 -12 Number of -15 Offenses Known Rate per 100,000 Inhabitants -18 -21 29 -9.8 162 232 -24 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 28 AGGRAVATED ASSAULT CHART 2.10 PERCENT CHANGE FROM 1992 Percent 3 0.8 -1.2 -2.5 -8.6 0 -3 / -6 Number of Offenses Known Rate per 100,000 -9 Inhabitants -12 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 33 BURGLARY CHART 2.12 PERCENT CHANGE FROM 1992 Percent 3 -4.9 -9.0 -13.0 16.1 0 -3 -6 -9 -12 Number of Offenses Known -15 Rate per 100,000 Inhabitants -18 -21 5.9 -10.8 -15.5 -19.3 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 40 PRESIDENT WILLIAM JEFFERSON CLINTON State Of The Union Address January 27, 1998 Section Of Speech: A SOCIETY ROOTED IN RESPONSIBILITY Fact: "Most violent juvenile crime is committed between the hours of 3 in the afternoon and 8 at night" Source: After-School Crime or After School Programs: Tuning in to the Prime Time for Violent Juvenile Crime and Implications for National Policy, A Report to the United States Attorney General from Fight Crime: Invest in Kids, James Alan Fox, Ph.D., Dean, College of Criminal Justice, Northeastern University Explanation: 42% of all violent juvenile crime on school days takes place between three in the afternoon and eight p.m. After-School Crime or After-School Programs: Tuning In to the Prime Time for Violent Juvenile Crime and Implications for National Policy A Report to the United States Attorney General from FIGHT CRIME: INVEST IN KIDS by James Alan Fox, Ph.D., Dean, College of Criminal Justice, Northeastem University Sanford A. Newman, J.D., President, Fight Crime: Invest in Kids Executive Summary Prime Time for Juvenile Crime Until recently, the only solid data available to tell us at what time of day most juvenile crime occurs has been data from South Carolina. That data has sometimes been criticized because it came from only one state, and because that state had a more modest juvenile gang problem than many others. Now new data compiled from FBI reports by the National Center on Juvenile Justice and the Office for Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention based on eight states-Alabama, Colorado, Iowa, Idaho, Illinois, North Dakota, South Carolina, and Utah.¹ These data make clear that the peak hours for violent juvenile crime are the hours from 3:00 PM to 8:00 PM. They tell us that, when the school bell rings, leaving millions of young people without responsible adult supervision or constructive activities, juvenile crime suddenly triples and prime time for juvenile crime begins. Half of all violent juvenile crime takes place during the six hour period between 2:00 PM and 8:00 PM, and more than two thirds of all violent juvenile crime takes place during the nine hours between 2:00 and 11:00 PM. In contrast, just one fifth occurs during the eight hours from 11:00 PM to 7:00 AM, the period when curfew laws are sometimes suggested. This report focuses on days when school is in session - the days when after school programs could conceivably have a major impact on youth activity during the prime time juvenile crime hours. About half of the days of the year are school days, but 57% of violent crime committed by juveniles occur on these days.2 1 Melissa Sickmund, Howard N. Snyder, and Eileen Poe-Yamagatafor their forthcoming "Juvenile Offenders and Victims: 1997 Update on Violence," National Center for Juvenile Justice (Washington, DC: Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention): 2 Ibid. Proorams September 9. 1997 10:54 AM Foolish Policy Choices These data are a wake-up call telling us that we as a nation are making a foolish choice- and paying a tragic price. When we send millions of young people out on the streets after school, with no responsible supervision or constructive activities, we reap a massive dose of juvenile crime. If, instead, we provided students with quality after-school programs, a safe haven from negative influences, and constructive recreational, academic enrichment and community service activities, we would dramatically reduce crime while we helped students develop the values and skills they need to become good neighbors and responsible adults. If juvenile violent crime during the afterschool hours from 3:00 - 8:00 PM alone were brought down to school-hour levels, this would eliminate nearly one quarter (23%) of all juvenile violent crime committed on school days. Decsions Ahead America's leaders must decide whether they are ready tc invest in the after-school programs which can insure that the school dismissal bell signals the start of a rich afternoon of constructive child and youth development and of community service instead of the start of a daily surge in juvenile crime. A School or After-School Programs September 9, 1997 10:54 AM 1. Critical New Information for Crime Prevention Policy: Peak Juvenile Crime Hours are 3-8:00 PM The evidence is indisputable. The hour from 3-4:00 PM - immediately after school dismissal - yields three times as much juvenile crime as the hour from 1-2:00 PM. Violent Juvenile Crime Triples When School Gets Out % 20.0% J u V 10.0% C Γ 11.4% m 3.5% e 0.0% 1-2 PM 3-4 PM Time of Day Almost half (47%) of all violent juvenile crime on school days takes place between 2:00 in the afternoon, when youngsters begin to get out of school and 8:00 in the evening. An additional 17.4% takes place between 8:00 PM and 11:00 PM., for a total of 67% taking place in this eight- hour after-school and late-evening time period. In contrast, only 21.5% of all juvenile crime takes place during the "graveyard shift" from 11:00 PM to 7:00 AM. 2-8 PM Peak Hours of Violent Juvenile Crime 2-3pm 7am-2pm 3-8 PM 5.2% 3-8pm 8-11 PM 11 PM-7 AM 21.5% 7 AM-2 PM 41.8% 2-3 PM 14.2% 17.4% 11pm-7am 8-11pm A fter-School Crime or After-School Programs September 9, 1997 10:54 AM DRAFT Statement by the President (Embargoed until 6:00 pm, Sunday, May 17, 1998) Today's announcement by the Justice Department that crime has fallen for the sixth year in a row is good news for the American people, but we must not let up in the fight against crime. Since 1993, violent crimes have dropped by more than 15%, and murders are down by more than 25%. These results show that our strategy of giving communities the resources they need for more police, tougher punishments and better prevention is working. But too many of our children are either killing or being killed because of the deadly mix of gangs, guns and drugs that remains a serious problem in America today. And we must keep up our efforts until that changes. DRAFT Date: 05/17/98 Time: 13:15 CFor Release 6 p.m. EDT WASHINGTON (AP) Serious crime reported to the police in 1997 declined for a sixth consecutive year, with reductions in every region led by a plunge of more than 10 percent in murder in larger cities and suburban counties, the FBI said. Attorney General Janet Reno welcomed the statistics but warned against overconfidence. New problems always are possible, she said. Preliminary figures released Sunday reflected a cumulative 4 percent decrease in seven major crimes recorded by 9,582 police agencies around the nation. The violent crimes of murder, rape, robbery and aggravated assault dropped 5 percent nationally. Far more numerous property crimes of burglary, auto theft and larceny-theft dipped 4 percent. The most dramatic declines were in murder, for which statistics are the most reliable and uniform. Homicide was down 9 percent nationwide but 14 percent in cities of 250,000 to 500,000; 11 per cent in cities over 1 million and in suburban counties; and 10 percent in cities of 500,000 to 1 million people. Everyone working together has made a difference, but you can't say, Okay, now let's move on to something else, Reno said. We can never relax our vigilance about crime, about enforcement, about prevention, she said, because `there's going to be a new problem down the road. An early 1980s decline in crime was reversed by the arrival of crack cocaine, Reno said. With crack came gangs that recruited teen-agers and armed them with guns, prompting other kids to arm themselves in defense or emulation. The next problems could come from cyberspace or abroad, Reno said. The gun may become obsolete as people learn how to hack through and accomplish thefts and scams through the Internet, she said. International crime is going to be more on our radar screen than ever before as people become more mobile. Reno and other experts credited a wide range of reasons: Aging of the 76 million baby boomers born between 1946 and 1962 out of their crime-prone years, reduction in crack-based violence, community policing and aggressive police action to remove guns from the streets, stiffer prison sentences, greater community involvement with juveniles and broader prevention efforts for kids at risk of being lured into lives of crime. The good news on crime appeared to reach even farther into every sector and region than before. While in 1996, the South experienced a 1.1 percent rise in the total of the seven crimes, this time each region saw an overall decline. The Northeast, where crime soared the most in the late 1980s, saw the biggest drop, 6 percent. The South was down 4 percent, and the Midwest and West dropped 3 percent each. Cities of all sizes, suburbs and rural areas reported overall drops. Cities of 250,000 to 1 million people reported a 5 percent drop. Suburban counties were down 3 percent, rural counties 1 percent. The smallest urban drop was 2 percent in smaller towns, under 10,000 population. Aside from a few spots where often-erratic rape figures rose, the only noticeable increases were a 1 percent hike in violent crime in rural areas, led by a 6 percent increase in robbery. There also was a 4 percent surge in auto theft in rural areas. Rural areas are lagging because they are the last front in the 1980s crime wave that started with crack in the big cities and put edges &bS'1 ene'bl 311'23 1991 ECS sec'e s?'} see'e $9'1 guns in the hands of kids in gangs and - outside gangs, said professor Alfred Blumstein of Carnegie-Mellon University in Pittsburgh. Since October, four school-related shootings in small towns Edinboro, Pa. ; Jonesboro, Ark.; West Paducah, Ky.; and Pearl, Miss. have left 11 dead and 25 wounded. In each case, at least one teen-ager was charged. Many small towns, especially in the southern areas, are playing catch-up with the big cities, said professor Jack Levin, director of the Program for the Study of Violence at Northeastern University in Boston. These small towns thought they were immune from teen-age violence and didn't prepare for the onslaught. A major factor in the larger big city decline in murder was aggressive police action to take guns away from kids and off the streets, Blumstein said. He cited stop-and-frisk programs in New York City, gun-surrender bounties in Charleston, S.C., and various coordinated efforts by law enforcement and social service agencies to let gangs know violence won't be tolerated, as in Boston and other cities. Levin added that in the past five years, inner-city neighborhoods have made a concerted, successful effort to address crime, particularly juvenile crime, through community policing, clergy taking congregations to gangs, community centers. As a result, he said, the decline in youth violence goes beyond crack-related crime. There are fewer riots at concerts and sporting events, Levin noted. Many agencies are reporting that hate crimes, which are mostly committed by teen-agers, have been declining too. APNP-05-17-98 1316EDT 2453 17,87? 877 19645 1768 6,649 17,877 7,354 05/18/98 MON 06:56 FAX 202 514 2504 JUSTICE INTERGOVERNMENTA DENNIS BURKE 005 U.S. Department of Justice Federal Bureau of Investigation Washington, D.C. 20535 FBI NATIONAL PRESS OFFICE FOR RELEASE (202) 324-3691 6 P.M., ET, SUNDAY MAY 17, 1998 Releasing preliminary 1997 figures from its nationwide Uniform Crime Reporting Program, the Federal Bureau of Investigation announced today that serious crime continued in a downward trend as indicated by a 4-percent decline from 1996 figures, the sixth consecutive annual decrease in reported crime. These preliminary figures indicate that the continuing trend is the result of a 5-percent decrease in violent crime and a 4-percent decrease in property crime when compared to figures from the previous year. The final figures for 1997 will be available in the fall. In the violent crime category, murder and robbery showed the greatest decline--each down 9 percent. Aggravated assault figures indicated a decrease of 2 percent and forcible rape, a decrease of 1 percent. In the property crime category, arson decreased 8 percent. Motor vehicle theft fell by 5 percent; larceny-theft fell by 4 percent; and burglary fell by 3 percent. All regions reported a decline in the Crime Index total, with the Northeast reporting the greatest decline, 6 percent. The South reported a 4-percent drop in the Crime Index total, and both the Midwest and the West recorded a 3-percent decline. Violent crime fell 5 percent in both the Northeast and the West and 4 percent in both the Midwest and the South. All regions recorded declines in the numbers of murders reported: the Northeast, 13 percent; the West, 11 percent; the South, 9 percent; and the Midwest, 6 percent. Property crime totals fell by 6 percent in the Northeast, 4 percent in the South, and 3 percent in both the Midwest and the West. Collectively, cities in all population groups in the Nation reported declines in serious crime, with cities in the three largest population groups reporting the greatest decline, 5 percent each. Cities under 10,000 reported the smallest decrease, 2 percent. Suburban counties showed a 3-percent decline from the 1996 level, and rural counties registered a 1-percent decline from the previous year's figures. Over 16,000 city, county, and state law enforcement agencies voluntarily submit data to the nationwide, cooperative statistical effort of the FBI's Uniform Crime Reporting Program. These comprehensive data are published annually in Crime in the United States. The complete preliminary annual UNIFORM CRIME REPORT is available on the FBI's Internet site at http://www.fbi.gov 05/18/98 MON 06:56 FAX 202 514 2504 JUSTICE INTERGOVERNMENTA DENNIS BURKE 006 UNIFORM CRIME REPORTS FOR RELEASE 1997 PRELIMINARY ANNUAL RELEASE 6 P.M. ET, SUNDAY MAY 17, 1998 The number of Crime Index offenses reported to law enforcement agencies throughout the United States decreased 4 percent during 1997 when compared to the number of offenses reported in 1996. The violent crimes of murder, forcible rape, robbery, and aggravated assault decreased 5 percent while the property crimes of burglary, larceny-theft, and motor vehicle theft decreased 4 percent. Quarterly Crime Index trends for 1996 and 1997 show a 3-percent decrease for the first quarter, a 4-percent decline for the second and third quarters, and a 5-percent decrease for the fourth quarter. All 1997 figures are preliminary. Final figures and crime rates per 100,000 Inhabitants will be published in Crime in the United States 1997, scheduled to be released in the fall of 1998. Crime Index trends by population groups and by geographic regions appear in Tables 1 and 2 below. TABLE 1 - CRIME INDEX TRENDS Percent change 1997 over 1996, offenses known to the police. Popu- Popu- lation lation Crime Modl-* Vio- Prop-* For- Aggra- Motor Group Number of (thou- Index fied lent arty cible Rob- vated Bur- Larceny vehicle and Area agencies sands) total total crime crime Murder rape bery assault glary -theft theft Arson* Total 9,582 201,231 -4 -4 -5 -4 -9 -1 -9 -2 -3 -4 -5 -8 Cities: Over 1,000,000 10 22,446 -5 -5 -6 -4 -71 -5 -11 -3 -6 -3 -7 +1 500,000 to 999,999 17 11,084 -5 -5 -5 -5 -10 +2 -10 -1 -4 -5 -8 -19 250,000 to 499,999 36 13,221 -5 -6 -6 -5 -14 -8 -10 -3 -5 -5 -6 -7 100,000 to 249,999 148 21,508 -3 -3 -3 -3 -6 +2 -4 -3 -2 -3 -2 -6 50,000 to 99,999 289 19,603 -4 -4 -4 -4 -6 -2 -7 -3 -3 -3 -7 -13 25,000 to 49,999 546 18,910 -3 -3 -3 -3 -4 +6 -7 -3 -2 -3 -3 -20 10,000 to 24,999 1,286 20,237 -4 -4 -5 -4 -3 0 -7 -5 -3 -4 .5 -12 Under 10,000 4,443 16,071 -2 -3 -1 -3 -2 +7 -2 -1 -1 -3 -1 -17 Countles: Suburban' 942 38,068 -3 -3 -3 -3 -11 -2 -6 -2 -1 -4 -1 -22 Rural² 1,885 20,083 -1 -1 +1 -1 -7 +3 +6 0 O -2 +4 -21 Areas: Suburban Area 4,783 75,844 -3 -3 -3 -3 -8 0 -7 -2 -2 -4 -3 -19 Cities outside Metropolitan Areas 2,434 17,442 -2 -3 -4 -2 -3 +5 -2 -5 -1 -3 0 -21 (1) Includes crimes reported to sheriffs' departments, county police departments, and state police within Metropolitan Statistical Areas. (2) Includes crimes reported to sheriffs' departments, county police departments, and state police outside Metropolitan Statistical Areas. (3) Includes crimes reported to city, county, and state law enforcement agencies within Metropolitan Statistical Areas, but outside the central cities. TABLE CRIME INDEX TRENDS BY GEOGRAPHIC REGION Crime Modi-* Vic- Prop.* For- Aggra- Motor Indox fled lent erty cible Rob- vated Bur- Larceny vehicle Region total total crime crime Murder rape bery assault glary -theft theft Arson* Total -4 -4 -5 4 -9 -1 -9 -2 -3 -4 -5 -8 Northeast -6 -6 -5 -6 -13 -2 -10 -1 -7 & -11 -5 Midwest -3 -3 -4 -3 -6 -3 -6 -2 -3 4 -4 is South -4 -4 -4 -4 is -1 -6 -3 -3 -4 -6 -10 West -3 -3 -5 -3 -11 +1 -11 -2 -2 -3 -1 -10 TABLE CRIME INDEX TRENDS January through December each year over previous year. Crime Modi-* Vio- Prop- For- Aggra- Motor Index fied lent arty cible Rob- vated Bur- Lareeny vehicle Years total total crime crime Murder rape bery assault glary -theft theft Arson* 1994/1993 -1 -1 -4 -1 -5 -4 -6 -2 -4 +1 -2 +5 1995/1994 -1 -1 -3 -1 -7 -5 -6 -1 -4 +2 -4 -4 1996/1995 is -3 -6 -2 is -2 -7 -6 -4 -1 -5 -3 1997/1996 -4 -4 -6 -4 is -1 -9 -2 -3 -4 -5 -8 - The Modified Crime Index total is the sum of the Crime Index offenses, including arson. Data for arson are not included in the property crime totals. The number of agencies used in arson trends is fewer than used in compiling trends for other Crime Index offenses. ISSUED BY Louis J. Freeh, Director, Federal Bureau of Investigation. United States Department of Justice. Washington, D.C. 20535 Advisory: Criminal Justice Information Systems, International Association of Chiefs of Police: Criminal Justice Information Systems, National Sheriffs' Association; Criminal Justice Information Services Advisory Policy Board. 05/18/98 MON 06:56 FAX 202 514 2504 JUSTICE INTERGOVERNMENTA DENNIS BURKE 007 TABLE 4 - OFFENSES KNOWN TO THE POLICE January through December, 1997 over 1996 Cities over 100,000 Population Modified Crime Crime For- Aggra- Motor Index Index Mur- cible Rob- vated Larceny- vehicle Arson Total Total der rape bery assaulc Burglary theft theft ABILENE TX 1996 5,971 5,995 7 66 126 399 1,120 4,008 245 24 1997 6,403 6,432 2 67 124 449 ALBANY' 1,320 4,147 294 29 NY 1996 8,130 8,180 II 46 491 584 2,087 4,355 556 50 1997 7,314 18 65 429 511 1,763 4,103 425 ALBUQUERQUE NM 1996 48,253 48.441 70 375 1,998 3,824 9,037 25,961 6,988 188 1997 47,923 48,054 49 270 1,729 3,629 8,543 25,954 7,749 131 ALEXANDRIA VA 1996 7,143 7,157 7 45 318 266 945 4,615 947 14 1997 6,601 6,627 5 46 267 288 B19 4,363 813 26 ALLENTOWN PA 1996 7,443 7,487 6 49 321 276 1,513 4,670 608 44 1997 6,530 6,573 7 48 391 241 1,342 3,798 703 43 AMARILLO TX 1996 14,088 14,175 11 71 334 1,012 2,116 9,857 687 87 1997 12,983 13,048 14 69 246 915 2,130 8,832 777 AMHERST TOWN' 65 NY 1996 2,744 2,747 0 7 59 32 263 2,208 175 3 1997 2,600 0 8 38 51 296 2,058 149 ANAHEIM CA 1996 14,670 14,745 14 81 978 998 2,698 7,550 2,351 75 1997 12.130 12,185 15 100 812 1,037 2,270 5,924 1,972 55 ANN ARBOR MI 1996 4,696 4,741 I 37 113 258 804 3,283 200 45 1997 4,546 4,589 0 34 106 226 803 3,161 216 43 ARLINGTON TX 1996 21,312 21,372 17 156 618 1,687 3,395 13,165 2,274 60 1997 20,096 20,142 12 127 527 1,754 3,056 12,569 2,051 46 ATLANTA GA 1996 70,521 70,760 196 392 4,805 8,306 10,471 37,104 9,247 239 1997 58,591 58,846 150 366 4.751 7.563 AURORA² 9,183 28,709 7,869 255 IL 1996 26 226 567 1,241 3,964 357 61 1997 20 225 561 AUSTIN⁴ 1,067 3,736 288 36 TX 1996 42,279 41 270 1,376 2,135 7,575 27,187 3,695 1997 42,988 43,127 40 283 1,284 1,920 7,511 27,485 4,465 139 BAKERSFIELD CA 1996 12,584 12,727 25 37 482 578 2,874 7,456 1,132 143 1997 12,934 13,075 22 39 496 561 2,837 7,694 1,285 141 BALTIMORE MD 1996 85,984 86,403 330 641 10,393 8,145 14,802 40,522 11,151 419 1997 77,595 77.982 312 480 8,629 7.995 12,755 38,593 8,831 387 BATON ROUGE LA 1996 27,361 27,623 71 118 1,210 1,999 5,577 15,179 3,207 262 1997 26,363 26,578 58 144 1,454 1,135 5,097 15,394 3,081 215 BEAUMONT TX 1996 10.309 10,362 15 203 420 614 1,958 6,362 737 53 1997 9,268 9,336 11 214 394 676 1,836 5,492 645 68 BERKELEY CA 1996 10.333 10,374 8 32 492 555 1.502 6,683 1,061 41 1997 9,796 9,848 H 31 447 476 1,260 6,612 959 52 BIRMINGHAM AL 1996 29,283 29,529 113 229 1,838 2,236 5,973 15,280 3,614 246 1997 26,395 26,624 108 222 1,337 2,118 5,186 14,067 3.357 229 BOISE ID 1996 8,797 8,818 I 60 56 391 1,511 6,331 378 81 1997 7,856 7,921 4 62 57 409 1,321 5,685 318 65 BOSTON' MA 1996 44,711 45,329 59 414 3,470 5,211 5,052 21,234 9,271 618 1997 37,838 43 350 2,728 4,765 4,301 17,920 7,731 BROWNSVILLE TX 1996 9,868 9,882 11 22 231 887 1,328 6,911 478 14 1997 9,250 9,269 8 41 217 1,005 1,366 6,199 414 19 BUFFALO' NY 1996 26,636 27,197 56 269 2,623 1,576 6,298 11,314 4,500 561 1997 25,292 47 230 2,195 1,542 5,984 11,424 3,870 BURBANK CA 1996 4,161 4,171 4 19 169 264 611 2,219 875 10 1997 3,794 3,805 0 14 130 207 557 2,105 781 11 CAMBRIDGE¹ MA 1996 4,968 5,003 I 35 226 387 799 2,973 547 35 1997 4,449 2 24 176 369 596 2,778 504 CEDAR RAPIDS' IA 1996 8,002 0 11 III 270 1,276 5,962 372 1997 7,319 7.327 1 21 81 149 1,358 5,351 358 8 CHANDLER AZ 1996 8,550 8,627 2 29 143 254 1,796 5,210 1,116 77 1997 8,899 8,967 2 41 140 201 1,969 5,523 1,023 68 CHARLOTTE- NC 1996 53,518 53,957 71 306 2.594 5,944 10,227 30,199 4,177 439 MECKLENBURG 1997 52,874 53,264 56 339 2,716 6,045 10,413 28,922 4,383 390 CHATTANOOGA TN 1996 14,688 14,814 21 86 556 1,482 2.668 8,665 1,210 126 1997 15,533 15,639 35 86 599 1,925 2,789 8,780 1,319 106 CHESAPEAKE VA 1996 8,463 8,576 13 49 284 458 1,529 5,596 534 113 1997 8,462 8,561 II 48 321 439 1,635 5,467 541 99 CHICAGO² IL 1996 789 26,860 37,097 40,475 119,492 34,091 1,560 1997 757 25,289 36,519 40,632 119,609 33,607 1,544 CHULA VISTA CA 1996 8.822 8.864 5 37 399 653 1,451 4,591 1,686 42 1997 9,012 9,062 8 38 375 675 1,460 4,853 1,603 50 CLEARWATER FL 1996 7,577 7,607 2 62 215 876 1,353 4,763 306 30 1997 7.564 7.587 3 65 198 768 1,716 4,491 323 23 CLEVELAND OH 1996 37,409 38,033 103 643 4,062 2,823 7.708 13,441 8.629 624 1997 37,026 37,657 77 638 3,837 2,692 8,146 14,305 7,331 631 2 05/18/98 MON 06:57 FAX 202 514 2504 JUSTICE INTERGOVERNMENTA DENNIS BURKE 008 Modified Crime Crime For- Aggra- Motor Index Index Mur- cible Rob- vated Larceny- vehicle Arson Total Total der rape bery assault Burglary theft theft COLUMBIA SC 1996 12,362 12,396 19 87 527 1,282 1,924 7,569 954 34 1997 11,892 11,927 12 63 519 1,105 1,588 7,798 807 35 COLUMBUS GA 1996 12,294 12,302 15 24 367 484 2,216 8,351 837 8 1997 12918 12,920 16 30 472 439 1,968 9,057 936 2 COLUMBUS OH 1996 61,083 61,894 89 571 3,318 2.238 13,013 34,244 7,610 811 1997 62,440 63,218 84 696 3,104 2,103 13,453 35,882 7,118 778 CONCORD CA 1996 7,302 7,326 4 38 167 437 1,186 4,780 690 24 1997 7,143 7,181 0 36 179 SS5 1,203 4,486 684 38 CORPUS CHRISTI TX 1996 30,467 30,683 18 276 485 2,241 3,773 22,006 1,668 216 1997 29,770 29,910 18 154 428 2.267 4,371 20,899 1,633 140 COSTA MESA CA 1996 5,413 5,424 I 22 158 194 892 3,531 615 11 1997 4,635 4,644 3 32 145 191 613 3,106 545 9 DALLAS TX 1996 100,401 102,088 217 740 6,122 9,201 17,960 49,018 17,143 1,687 1997 100,624 102,154 209 744 5,626 8,336 17,755 50,586 17,368 1,530 DAYTON OH 1996 17,841 18,078 38 201 1.085 702 3,720 8,859 3,236 237 1997 17,266 17,476 34 217 1,161 703 3,719 8,312 3,120 210 DENVER CO 1996 34,314 34,694 64 358 1,327 2,083 7,788 17,269 5,425 380 1997 30,514 30,913 69 356 1,253 1,857 6.456 14,755 5,768 399 DETROIT MI 1996 120,188 121,999 428 1.119 9,504 12,188 21,491 41,193 34,265 1,811 1997 119,717 122,328 469 968 8,208 12,857 19,324 44,452 33,439 2,611 DOWNEY CA 1996 4,785 4,823 7 33 318 232 932 2078 1,185 38 1997 4,446 4,480 7 30 303 131 763 1,965 1.247 34 DURHAM NC 1996 16,838 16,909 41 84 810 754 4.226 9,400 1,523 71 1997 17,834 17,875 31 91 1,244 711 3,958 9.801 1,998 41 ELIZABETH NJ 1996 9,209 9,238 13 54 795 325 1.768 4.382 1.872 29 1997 9,493 9,525 7 39 797 333 2,154 4.329 1,834 32 EL MONTE CA 1996 4,597 4,666 9 43 572 658 854 1,608 853 69 1997 4,087 4,129 7 35 532 540 768 1,333 872 42 EL PASO TX 1996 45,134 45,310 30 245 1.195 3,668 3,942 31,694 4,360 176 1997 42,649 42,776 24 225 1,066 3,534 3,251 30,978 3,571 127 ERIE PA 1996 5,532 5,581 6 68 336 259 1,019 3,458 386 49 1997 5,722 5,782 4 62 365 267 1,152 3,449 423 60 ESCONDIDO CA 1996 6,857 6,902 7 50 215 547 1,079 3,943 1,016 45 1997 7,246 7,278 6 66 208 559 1,200 4,271 936 32 EUGENE OR 1996 12,181 12,278 2 50 271 416 1,914 8,765 763 97 1997 12,326 12,408 2 52 311 392 2,128 8,638 803 82 EVANSVILLE IN 1996 7,405 7,460 7 41 166 566 1.439 4,733 453 55 1997 7,750 7,818 7 44 179 520 1.507 5,030 463 68 FLINT MI 1996 16,054 16,269 40 182 937 2,166 4,141 6,340 2,248 215 1997 15,992 16,229 19 130 805 2,346 3,689 6,606 2,397 237 FONTANA CA 1996 5,430 5,460 16 72 414 845 1,143 1,447 1,493 30 1997 4,359 4,379 12 64 329 633 973 1,235 1,113 20 FORT COLLINS CO 1996 5,448 5,490 3 70 46 300 829 4,042 158 42 1997 5,554 5,583 I 53 31 283 752 4,221 213 29 FORT LAUDERDALE FL 1996 25,487 25,557 34 96 1,186 1,268 4,744 15,125 3,034 70 1997 20,667 20,739 17 100 1,301 1,087 3,930 10,666 3,566 72 FORT WAYNE IN 1996 13,966 14,052 13 121 499 436 1,927 9,407 1,563 86 1997 15,327 15,448 36 113 502 363 2,454 10,365 1,494 121 FORT WORTH TX 1996 38.902 39,266 68 319 1.692 2,905 7,917 21,481 4,520 364 1997 34,972 35,259 74 265 1,402 2,572 6,573 20,010 4,076 287 FREMONT CA 1996 7,769 7,813 3 32 186 591 1,306 4,689 962 44 1997 7,975 8,001 4 35 157 547 1.501 4.761 970 26 FRESNO CA 1996 41,687 42,801 69 216 2,087 3,089 6,868 20,180 9,178 1,114 1997 37,623 38,744 60 192 1,794 2,736 6,640 19,035 7.166 1,121 FULLERTON CA 1996 5,246 5,260 5 26 201 253 930 3,110 721 14 1997 4.796 4,815 2 30 157 248 783 2,989 587 19 GARDEN GROVE CA 1996 6,478 6,520 5 34 309 498 1,229 3,245 1,158 42 1997 5,919 5,955 3 22 276 509 1,186 2,895 1,028 36 GARLAND TX 1996 9,562 9,640 14 63 210 490 1.786 6,150 849 78 1997 8.712 8,789 4 56 137 329 1,742 5,642 802 77 GARY IN 1996 11,229 11,846 104 185 702 2,889 2,278 2,823 2,248 617 1997 13,431 14,124 88 160 740 3,494 3,339 3,103 2,507 693 GLENDALE AZ 1996 13,480 13,558 11 51 301 858 2,277 7,883 2,099 78 1997 15,179 15,245 13 81 323 754 2,437 8,851 2,720 66 GLENDALE CA 1996 6,966 7,015 14 16 344 347 1,135 4,044 1,066 49 1997 5,815 5,865 6 21 256 411 987 3,099 1,035 50 GRAND PRAIRIE TX 1996 6,882 6,887 3 50 147 956 1,068 3,734 924 5 1997 7,449 7,450 9 33 125 1,167 1,013 4,186 916 I GRAND RAPIDS MI 1996 14,600 14,698 20 101 675 1,647 3.033 8,051 1,073 98 1997 14,075 14,172 25 41 578 1,649 2,822 7,816 1,144 97 GREEN BAY WI 1996 4,679 4,710 3 39 68 280 584 3,481 224 31 1997 4,786 4,803 6 20 48 198 629 3,655 230 17 GREENSBORO NC 1996 16,393 16,472 23 95 710 1,099 3,228 10,190 1,048 79 1997 16,515 16,602 33 86 779 1,074 3,076 10,329 1,138 87 HAMPTON VA 1996 7,167 7.223 10 56 323 203 962 5.151 462 56 1997 7,133 7,197 6 54 275 194 911 5,019 674 64 HARTFORD CT 1996 13,188 13,291 20 94 1,089 929 2,072 7,036 1.948 103 1997 11,944 21 47 860 695 1,652 7,048 1.621 3 05/18/98 MON 06:57 FAX 202 514 2504 JUSTICE INTERGOVERNMENTA DENNIS BURKE 009 Modified Crime Crime For- Aggra- Motor Index Index Mur- cible Rob- vated Larceny- vehicle Arson Total Total der rape bary assault Burglary cheft cheft HAYWARD CA 1996 7,876 7,975 12 28 370 408 1,253 4,438 1,367 99 1997 8,179 8,237 7 50 352 381 1,147 4,721 1,521 58 HENDERSON NV 1996 5,028 5,061 7 81 122 112 1,028 3,033 645 33 1997 6.477 6.499 2 88 141 91 1.441 3,665 1,049 22 HIALEAH FL 1996 18,210 18,301 12 63 887 1,051 2,894 9,123 4,180 91 1997 17,640 17,719 14 61 846 1,310 2,830 8,764 3,815 79 HOLLYWOOD FL 1996 12,535 12,552 10 56 502 590 2,411 7,545 1,421 17 997 12,582 12,619 9 64 490 642 2,214 7,528 1,635 37 HONOLULU HI 1996 60,059 60,352 27 222 1,421 1,078 9,026 41,915 6,370 293 1997 53,410 53,712 34 257 1,214 1,131 8,755 36,430 5,589 302 HOUSTON TX 1996 135.329 137,082 261 1,002 8,276 12,917 25,402 65,080 22,391 1,753 997 130,844 132,425 254 790 8,146 11,967 23,967 64,925 20,795 HUNTINGTON BEACH 1,581 CA 1996 7,305 7,336 0 26 194 391 1,629 4,161 904 31 1997 6,441 6,458 5 34 III 493 1,419 3,636 743 17 HUNTSVILLE AL 1996 14,330 14,392 11 71 310 947 2,251 9,516 1,224 62 1997 13,537 13,586 16 99 372 921 2,261 8,760 1,108 49 INDEPENDENCE MO 1996 8,771 8,840 1 26 124 436 1,229 6,213 742 69 997 9,473 9,518 6 29 133 445 INDIANAPOLIS 1,288 6,596 976 45 IN 1996 56,277 56,701 132 567 3,132 4,900 11,202 28,590 7,754 424 1997 52,641 53,059 146 554 3,340 4,799 11,508 24,566 7,728 418 INGLEWOOD CA 1996 6,241 6,286 27 61 952 903 1,082 1,851 1,365 45 1997 5.601 5,640 24 61 735 810 1,088 1,620 1,263 39 IRVINE CA 1996 4,090 4,123 I 22 65 186 837 2,647 332 33 1997 3,690 3,727 I 10 44 165 860 2,264 346 37 IRVING TX 1996 9,483 9,548 8 65 202 529 1,480 6,342 857 65 1997 9,000 9,040 6 69 178 480 1,307 6,002 958 40 JACKSON MS 1996 20,466 20,550 67 209 1,309 781 4,924 9,744 3,432 84 1997 20,176 20,221 61 213 1,147 719 5,218 9,549 3,269 45 JACKSONVILLE FL 1996 59,534 59,976 85 681 2,792 6,207 13,171 31,852 4,746 442 1997 57,978 58,387 75 606 2,369 6,387 12,343 30,790 5,408 409 JERSEY CITY NJ 1996 16,704 16,839 26 91 1,859 1,815 3,425 5,994 3,494 135 1997 15,598 15,745 26 109 1,640 1,963 3,145 5,654 3,061 147 KANSAS CITY MO 1996 52,300 52,726 104 412 2881 5,488 8,947 28,124 6,344 426 1997 49,511 49,953 100 417 2.711 5,341 8,641 24,874 7,427 442 KNOXVILLE TN 1996 10,767 10,874 23 67 593 844 2,341 5,304 1,595 107 1997 11,164 11.320 19 97 545 844 2,039 6,083 1,537 156 LAFAYETTE LA 1996 8,483 8,516 8 75 247 515 1,375 5.589 674 33 1997 8,532 8,556 15 81 265 626 1,539 5,379 627 24 LANCASTER CA 1996 5,947 6,003 12 58 308 1,005 1,455 2,338 771 56 1997 6,507 6,558 7 52 341 1,129 1,623 2,498 857 51 LANSING MI 1996 9,744 9,812 10 172 343 1,124 1,607 5,952 536 68 1997 9,349 9,408 II 189 265 820 1.698 5,860 506 59 LAREDO TX 1996 11,240 11,322 11 27 242 760 1,672 7,477 1,051 82 1997 12,646 12,746 II 56 193 553 2,074 8,727 1,032 100 LEXINGTON KY 1996 15,328 15,405 14 122 579 1,283 2,893 9,522 915 77 1997 15,165 15,225 24 129 580 1,195 2,610 9,721 906 60 LINCOLN NB 1996 14,349 14,403 3 83 142 987 1,877 10,742 515 54 1997 14,273 14,294 7 96 146 881 1,793 10,805 545 21 LITTLE ROCK AR 1996 21,016 21,170 29 166 837 1,725 3,382 13,253 1,624 154 1997 21,814 21,933 34 165 867 LIVONIA 1,297 4.089 13.818 1,544 119 MI 1996 3,422 2 22 65 150 507 2,271 405 1997 3,469 I 33 74 118 471 2,413 359 LONG BEACH CA 1996 26,308 26,499 95 158 2,431 2,385 5,003 11,671 4,565 191 1997 21,817 21,992 56 125 1,849 2,177 4,295 9,084 4,231 175 LOS ANGELES CA 1996 235,258 238,85 ! 709 1,463 25,189 35,477 35,865 95,069 41,486 3,593 1997 204,554 207,874 574 1,413 20,506 34,043 30,195 82,605 35,218 3,320 LOUISVILLE KY 1996 21,030 21,418 63 131 1,812 1,379 4,830 9,484 3,331 388 1997 19,095 19,419 68 128 1,545 1.339 4,480 8,706 2,829 324 LUBBOCK TX 1996 12,948 13,044 IS 126 276 1,649 2,456 7,472 954 96 1997 12,767 13,081 6 92 220 1.518 2588 7,644 699 314 MACON GA 1996 14,011 14,061 18 77 382 447 2,452 9,195 1,440 50 1997 12,072 12,110 23 57 310 516 2,032 7,861 1,273 38 MADISON WI 1996 9,096 9,154 I 75 299 397 1,389 6,294 641 58 1997 8,831 8,872 3 82 340 433 1,397 5,922 654 41 MCALLEN TX 1996 10,697 10,744 5 23 148 370 1,475 7.730 946 47 1997 9,273 9,342 4 19 151 243 1,569 6,266 1,021 69 MEMPHIS TN 1996 70,275 70,895 155 789 5,970 5.615 16,634 26,828 14,284 620 1997 64,015 64,668 138 938 5,240 5,520 15,471 25,251 11,457 653 MESA AZ 1996 25,735 25,862 18 110 506 1,825 3,883 15,582 3,811 127 1997 27,101 27,209 13 126 450 1,965 4,272 16,827 3,448 108 MESQUITE TX 1996 6,452 6,580 3 8 64 363 564 4,781 669 128 1997 5,923 6,047 4 5 59 373 536 4,236 710 124 MIAMI FL 1996 52,918 53,150 124 201 5,139 6,526 9,804 23,431 7,693 232 1997 50,259 50,477 103 189 4,517 6,214 8,946 22,609 7,681 218 MIDLAND TX 1996 4,966 4,984 4 58 80 235 1,030 3,273 286 18 1997 4,742 4,759 5 80 89 228 950 3,171 219 17 MILWAUKEE WI 1996 49,635 50,232 130 293 3.353 2,210 7,622 25,948 10,079 597 1997 47,685 48,142 122 307 3,553 2,636 6,818 25,954 8,295 457 4 05/18/98 MON 06:57 FAX 202 514 2504 JUSTICE INTERGOVERNMENTA DENNIS BURKE 010 Modified Crime Crime For- Aggra- Motor Index Index Mur- cible Rob- vated Larceny- vehicle Arson Total Total der rape bery assault Burglary cheft theft MINNEAPOLIS MN 1996 40,826 41,319 83 516 3,242 2,967 7,678 20,690 5,650 493 1997 41,632 42,018 58 536 3,308 2,831 8,237 20,856 5,806 386 MOBILE AL 1996 19,512 19,652 51 119 1,283 732 4,404 10,990 1,933 140 1997 19,487 19,647 52 99 1,160 562 4,524 11,343 1,747 160 MODESTO CA 1996 12,840 13,014 12 80 421 754 2,701 7,100 1,772 174 1997 13,959 14,199 17 64 385 787 2,706 8,125 1,875 240 MONTGOMERY AL 1996 13,202 13,283 31 80 627 851 3,376 7,111 1,126 81 1997 14,196 14,263 24 90 671 994 3,364 7,841 1,212 67 MORENO VALLEY CA 1996 8,733 8,762 13 52 418 709 2,280 4,216 1,045 29 1997 8,269 8.305 14 $5 346 817 2,330 3,819 888 36 NAPERVILLE²⁴ IL 1996 2 16 49 407 2,235 106 8 1997 0 14 52 413 2,609 105 NASHVILLE' TN 1996 59,467 89 487 2,910 6,535 8,025 33,195 8,226 1997 58.996 112 550 2.583 6,046 8,834 32,698 8,173 NEWARK' NJ 1996 34,437 92 179 4.219 4.271 5,991 11,693 7,992 1997 28,351 28,670 57 170 3,442 3,558 4,567 10,812 5,745 319 NEW HAVEN CT 1996 15,036 15,138 22 120 1,207 1,267 2,936 7.139 2,345 102 1997 13,950 14,040 21 93 1,094 1,136 2,510 7,348 1.748 90 NEW ORLEANS' LA 1996 53,919 351 390 5,700 4,580 9,954 22,774 10,170 1997 45,704 45,962 267 385 3,972 3,780 8,107 19,813 9,380 258 NEWPORT NEWS VA 1996 9,829 9,926 27 110 363 676 1,224 6,850 579 97 1997 10,164 10,270 17 102 458 442 1,471 6,855 819 106 NEW YORK' NY 996 382,555 983 2.332 49.672 45,673 61,270 162,246 60,379 1997 355,893 770 2,157 44,707 45,229 54,099 157.039 51,982 NORFOLK VA 1996 18,854 18,974 61 142 1,079 1,050 2,766 12.053 1,703 120 1997 18,855 18,989 55 138 1,183 1,041 2,528 12,620 1.290 134 NORWALK CA 1996 4,388 4,429 14 26 329 807 710 1,516 986 41 1997 4,289 4,316 8 30 286 773 645 1,412 1,135 27 OAKLAND CA 1996 39,174 39,579 93 322 3,622 4,131 6,058 19,878 5,070 405 1997 38,048 38,408 99 306 3,482 4,342 5,923 18,909 4,987 360 OCEANSIDE CA 1996 7.197 7,224 10 75 330 824 1,737 3,309 912 27 1997 6,073 6,109 9 86 263 758 1,301 2.910 746 36 ODESSA TX 1996 6,748 6,811 14 35 128 928 1,198 4,136 309 63 1997 5.656 5.698 5 27 121 666 1,063 3,545 229 42 OKLAHOMA CITY OK 1996 57,100 57,523 67 477 1,478 3,286 10,690 35.957 5,145 423 1997 55,020 55,343 59 409 1,397 3.200 9,778 35,628 4,549 323 OMAHA NB 996 26.939 27,192 27 207 782 3,726 3,552 14,999 3,646 253 1997 25,453 25,655 31 176 818 3,848 3,165 13,946 3,469 202 ONTARIO CA 1996 8,907 9,028 17 44 504 860 1,479 4.292 1.711 121 997 8,812 8,889 13 58 448 776 1,552 4,369 1,596 77 ORANGE CA 1996 4,086 4,125 1 30 177 354 878 2,019 627 39 1997 3.496 3,539 12 29 106 386 701 1,725 537 43 ORLANDO FL 1996 24,055 24,128 13 165 1,080 2,744 4,418 13,444 2,191 73 1997 25,323 25,376 14 174 1,262 2,790 4,424 14,233 2,426 53 OXNARD CA 996 7,910 7,934 16 57 460 849 1,255 4,332 941 24 997 7,618 7,646 5 61 518 470 1,238 4,370 956 28 PALMDALE CA 996 5,311 5,352 6 38 260 837 1,231 2,246 693 41 1997 5,623 5,660 6 46 275 919 1.146 2.431 800 37 PASADENA CA 1996 7,423 7,512 14 40 521 603 1,365 4,142 738 89 1997 6,401 6,486 12 33 466 610 1,212 3,411 657 85 PASADENA TX 996 7,278 7,371 9 63 189 642 1,408 3,983 984 93 1997 7,295 7,380 9 58 209 673 1,323 4,162 861 85 PATERSON NJ 996 8,448 8,500 7 48 805 774 1,948 3.486 1,380 52 1997 7,232 7,274 14 54 694 703 1,998 2,637 1,132 42 PEORIA²⁴ IL 1996 11 448 2,086 6,480 964 127 1997 9 475 741 1,707 6,000 1,099 84 PHILADELPHIA PA 1996 94,565 97,246 420 644 13,188 5,938 13,723 40,384 20,268 2,681 1997 92,591 95,722 410 650 11,938 6,198 13,951 39,467 19,977 3,131 PHOENIX AZ 1996 108,749 109,028 186 460 3,757 6,126 19,559 60.565 18,096 279 1997 112,654 112,931 172 428 3,725 6,048 21,027 61,635 19,619 277 PITTSBURGH PA 1996 18,766 19,014 47 206 1,565 1,032 3,049 10,057 2,810 248 1997 20,551 20.805 50 175 1,543 1,010 3,359 11,598 2,816 254 PLANO TX 996 8,318 8,329 0 49 97 423 1,443 5,918 388 II 1997 7,598 7,607 I 22 84 502 1,352 5,274 363 9 POMONA CA 1996 7,789 7,824 19 47 545 926 1,697 3,039 1,516 35 1997 6,870 6,926 34 57 477 1,110 1,344 2,571 1,277 56 PORTLAND OR 1996 50,306 50,805 51 402 2,057 5,325 7,142 28,823 6,506 499 1997 53,052 53,601 46 356 1,948 5,250 7,398 30.754 7,300 549 PORTSMOUTH VA 1996 8,582 8,649 23 57 532 454 1,605 5,040 871 67 1997 8,170 8,267 21 59 571 451 1,715 4,562 791 97 PROVIDENCE RI 1996 13,106 13,509 16 77 445 495 2,934 6,720 2,419 403 1997 11,213 11,578 12 100 415 467 2,299 5,817 2,103 365 PUEBLO CO 1996 7,371 7,423 12 74 196 1,104 1,348 4,305 332 52 1997 6,973 7,039 6 69 202 1,026 1,251 4,012 407 66 RALEIGH NC 1996 17,080 17.164 25 90 732 1.262 3.139 10,456 1,376 84 1997 19,259 19,362 23 102 727 1,404 3,650 11,947 1,406 103 RANCHOCUCAMONGA CA 1996 4,828 4,855 8 14 157 191 990 2531 937 27 1997 4,239 4,266 3 20 144 189 902 2.205 776 27 5 05/18/98 MON 06:58 FAX 202 514 2504 JUSTICE INTERGOVERNMENTA DENNIS BURKE 011 Modified Crime Crime For- Aggra- Motor Index Index Mur- cible Rob- vated Larceny- vehicle Arson Total Total der rape bery assault Burglary theft theft RENO NV 1996 10,854 10,883 12 113 507 491 1,676 7.330 725 29 1997 10,702 10,713 13 113 503 422 1.762 7,144 745 11 RICHMOND VA 1996 19,771 19,942 112 143 1,545 1,583 4,022 10,338 2028 171 1997 19,419 19,576 139 112 1,533 1,679 3,555 9.727 2674 157 RIVERSIDE CA 1996 15,493 15,782 18 115 874 2,162 2,894 7,121 2309 289 1997 14,590 14,807 23 97 757 1,624 ROCHESTER¹ 2,772 7,087 2,230 217 NY 1996 20,901 21,174 51 119 1.366 737 4,472 11,482 2674 273 1997 19,889 57 129 1,557 666 ROCKFORD² 3,764 10,953 2,763 IL 1996 31 750 879 3,401 8,422 1,387 48 1997 14 689 889 3,767 8,234 1,204 43 SACRAMENTO CA 1996 33,780 33,950 43 154 1,874 1,636 7,148 16,842 6,083 170 1997 34,132 34,378 41 161 1,851 1,664 6,873 17,282 6,260 246 ST. LOUIS MO 1996 56,588 57,372 166 269 4,086 5,682 9,887 29,228 7,270 784 1997 51,214 52,051 153 225 3,572 5,641 10,097 23,405 8,121 837 ST. PAUL MN 1996 20,704 20,985 26 234 875 1.302 4,127 11,504 2,636 281 1997 21,269 21.537 24 229 829 1,302 3,999 12,258 2,628 268 ST. PETERSBURG FL 1996 23,843 24,095 26 166 1,380 3,156 4,535 12,373 2,207 252 1997 22,399 22,552 21 201 1,255 3,781 4,041 11,326 1,774 153 SALEM OR 1996 10,732 10,784 7 94 191 102 1,282 8,310 746 52 1997 11,376 11,434 I 86 190 114 1,350 8,771 864 58 SALINAS CA 1996 7,554 7,608 9 54 412 884 1,031 4,339 825 54 1997 7,085 7,118 18 65 348 895 1,163 3,804 792 33 SALT LAKE CITY UT 1996 22,283 22,360 20 152 591 738 3.015 14,898 2869 77 1997 21,714 21,776 21 141 620 685 2,911 14.346 2990 62 SAN ANTONIO TX 1996 87,710 88,601 117 637 2,350 1,637 13.685 60,488 8,796 891 1997 83,571 84,369 95 618 2,036 1,421 13,230 57,555 8,616 798 SAN BERNARDINO CA 1996 16.970 17.119 42 79 1.281 1.831 3,544 7,201 2,992 149 1997 16,265 16,381 36 92 1.118 1,638 3,648 6,577 3,156 116 SAN DIEGO CA 1996 61,573 61,825 79 368 2,998 6,703 8,608 31,688 11,129 252 1997 58,962 59,189 67 384 2,604 6,734 8,159 30,204 10.810 227 SAN FRANCISCO CA 1996 56,592 57,044 82 298 5.539 3.967 7,079 31,062 8,565 452 1997 51,996 52,424 59 233 4,606 3,651 SAN JOSE4 7,153 28,891 7,403 428 CA 1996 34,287 40 341 1,098 4,596 4,700 19,793 3,719 1997 32,530 32,644 43 375 908 4,865 4,381 18,023 3,935 114 SANTA ANA CA 1996 13,213 13,589 46 62 1,178 945 1,822 6,501 2,659 376 1997 12,050 12,420 27 91 978 920 1,605 5.748 2,681 370 SANTA CLARITA CA 1996 3,255 3,295 2 19 83 492 716 1,550 393 40 1997 2,914 2,949 2 24 68 511 608 1,372 329 35 SANTA ROSA CA 1996 6,905 6,954 2 81 170 410 920 4,901 421 49 1997 7,315 7,360 10 71 195 367 1,310 4,883 479 45 SAVANNAH GA 996 13,089 13,187 22 63 849 483 2,158 8,427 1.087 98 1997 11,943 11,996 26 61 620 465 2,230 7,340 1,201 53 SEATTLE WA 996 55,636 55,886 37 261 1,963 2,282 7,855 36,883 6,355 250 1997 56,640 56,857 49 218 2,081 2,654 8,139 36,417 7.082 217 SHREVEPORT LA 1996 23,658 23,853 51 134 729 1,576 4,185 15,454 1,529 195 997 20,363 20,569 42 151 640 1,677 4,003 12,549 1,301 206 SIMI VALLEY CA 1996 2,401 2.435 I 12 38 105 460 1,532 253 34 997 2,147 2,172 5 15 48 115 503 1,257 204 25 SIOUX FALLS SD 1996 5,354 5,405 I 82 65 325 864 3,808 209 51 1997 4,736 4,767 I 65 68 314 586 3,501 201 31 SOUTH BEND IN 1996 10,822 10,937 22 93 512 395 2,880 6,185 735 115 997 9,992 10,085 17 71 373 420 2,295 6,104 712 93 SPOKANE WA 1996 16,286 16,327 15 89 346 858 3,032 11,101 845 41 1997 16,185 16,259 12 106 406 871 SPRINGFIELD² 3,318 10,441 1,031 74 IL 1996 7 452 1,008 2,359 5,697 363 33 1997 12 340 913 2,104 5,195 325 68 SPRINGFIELD MO 1996 11,505 11,608 4 76 173 542 2,182 7,851 677 103 1997 10,693 10,814 7 63 158 496 2,019 7,265 685 121 STAMFORD CT 1996 4,955 5,007 6 18 212 205 704 3,332 478 52 1997 4,422 4,455 I 18 193 245 491 2,945 529 33 STERLING HEIGHTS MI 1996 4,621 4,640 I 10 36 223 438 3,506 407 19 1997 4,880 4,917 2 18 29 202 490 3,786 316 37 STOCKTON CA 1996 19,401 19,512 46 123 1,313 1,633 3,418 9,815 3,053 111 1997 18,341 18,462 44 130 1,078 1,439 3,326 9,861 2,463 121 SUNNYVALE CA 1996 3,488 3,506 0 29 80 122 420 2,522 315 18 1997 3,201 3,225 0 26 71 114 SYRACUSE' 461 2,261 268 24 NY 1996 10,999 11,105 15 62 579 742 2,821 5,940 840 106 1997 10,506 16 55 586 774 2.388 5,956 731 TACOMA WA 1996 20,143 20,268 20 137 792 1,836 3.284 11.255 2,819 125 1997 20,629 20,779 21 177 841 1,943 3,462 11,375 2810 150 TALLAHASSEE FL 1996 14,018 14,040 10 95 363 1,094 2,157 9,505 794 22 1997 15,071 15,098 6 121 521 1,459 2,199 9,887 878 27 TAMPA FL 1996 42,873 43,100 43 264 2,671 5,711 7.373 20,787 6,024 227 1997 36,764 36,935 35 265 2,539 5,149 6,605 17,943 4.228 171 TEMPE AZ 1996 14,031 14,083 3 35 321 512 2.047 9,169 1,944 52 1997 15,171 15,217 12 72 280 504 2,197 10.223 1.883 46 THOUSAND OAKS CA 1996 2,547 2,619 3 9 64 156 447 1,616 252 72 1997 2211 2,237 I 16 36 133 412 1,409 204 26 6 05/18/98 MON 06:58 FAX 202 514 2504 JUSTICE INTERGOVERNMENTA DENNIS BURKE 012 Modified Crime Crime For- Aggra- Motor Index Index Mur- cible Rob- vated Larceny- vehicle Arson Total Total der rape bery assault Burglary cheft theft TOLEDO OH 1996 27,488 28,094 30 277 1,297 1,031 5,597 16,218 3,038 606 1997 27,710 28,105 25 234 1,097 1,319 5,817 16,164 3.054 395 TOPEKA KS 1996 15,394 17 89 533 863 3,563 9,659 670 1997 15,945 8 105 484 979 3,052 10,635 682 TORRANCE CA 1996 7,054 7,080 3 31 317 281 1,385 3.826 1,211 26 1997 5,699 5,713 2 23 314 228 1,042 3,128 962 14 TUCSON AZ 1996 46,385 46,667 46 282 1,288 3,583 6,710 28,460 6,016 282 1997 48,428 48,688 SI 291 1,446 3,329 6,921 29,571 6,819 260 TULSA OK 1996 27,373 27,613 31 304 868 3,225 6,131 12,545 4,269 240 1997 28,517 28,770 40 278 917 3,361 6,360 13,850 3,711 253 VALLEJO CA 1996 8,996 9,055 15 59 523 967 1,658 4,901 873 59 1997 8,741 8,812 3 49 423 1,142 1,918 4,252 954 71 VIRGINIA BEACH VA 1996 20,819 21,041 20 127 455 473 3,063 15,688 993 222 1997 19,893 20,092 19 102 515 428 2,990 14,906 933 199 WACO TX 1996 11,553 11,638 14 92 386 860 2,092 6,832 1,277 85 1997 10,398 10,462 15 107 300 821 1,977 6,210 968 64 WASHINGTON DC 1996 64,557 64,719 397 260 6,444 6,310 9,828 31,343 9,975 162 1997 54,649 54,770 300 244 5,719 5,916 8,169 26,600 7,701 121 WATERBURY CT 1996 7,953 7,963 14 39 245 360 1,930 4,396 969 10 1997 7,087 7,097 7 34 245 263 1,472 4,108 958 10 WEST COVINA CA 1996 4,968 5,010 6 24 273 265 806 2,689 905 42 1997 4,957 4,980 8 25 237 243 695 2,857 892 23 WEST VALLEY⁵ UT 1996 1997 7,585 7,610 9 55 95 433 1,025 5,367 601 25 WICHITA' KS 1996 24,881 24 227 823 1.298 5,193 14,936 2,380 1997 25,375 32 228 890 1,481 4,769 15,710 2,265 WICHITA FALLS TX 1996 6,704 6,742 9 81 152 636 1,020 4,436 370 38 1997 6,073 6,097 I 75 155 519 1,019 3,961 343 24 WINSTON-SALEM NC 1996 18,929 19,090 28 123 871 1,245 3,812 11,062 1,788 161 1997 17,978 18,108 13 167 647 1,279 3,808 10,830 1,234 130 WORCESTER MA 1996 10,061 10,156 7 106 413 1,038 2,233 5,145 1,119 95 1997 10,312 10,366 5 115 381 1,127 2,115 5,312 1,257 54 YONKERS' NY 1996 8,211 8,267 14 34 639 418 1,381 4,125 1,600 56 1997 8,178 16 33 586 392 1,467 4,020 1,664 I Complete arson data for 1996 and/or 1997 are not available 1 Forcible rape figures furnished by the scare-level Uniform Crime Reporting (UCR) Program administered by the Illinois State Police were not In accordance with national UCR guidelines. Therefore, the figures were excluded from the forcible rape, Crime Index total, and Modified Crime Index total categories. indianapolls/Marton County. Indiana, is a unified city-county government with a total population of 780,630; therefore. their Crime Index figures for 1996 and 1997 are combined and are not comparable to previous years. Due to reporting changes and/or Incomplete data, figures are not comparable to previous years' figures. 5 Complete data for 1996 are not available. Trends in all tables of this report are based on the volume of crime reported by comparable units. Agency reports which are determined to be influenced by change in reporting practices for all or specific offenses or by annexations are removed from trend tables. All 1997 figures are preliminary. Final figures and crime rates per unit of population will be published In Crime in the United States 1997 scheduled to be released in the fall of 1998. 7 05/18/98 MON 06:59 FAX 202 514 2504 JUSTICE INTERGOVERNMENTA DENNIS BURKE 013 Data users are cautioned against comparisons of crime trends presented in this report and those estimated by the National Crime Victimization Survey (NCVS), administered by the Bureau of Justice Statistics. Because of differences in methodology and crime coverage, the two programs examine the Nation's crime problem from somewhat different perspectives, and their results are not strictly comparable. The definitional and procedural differences can account for many of the apparent discrepancies in results from the two programs. The Department of Justice fact sheet, "The Nation's Two Crime Measures," contains a detailed description of the NCVS and UCR. U.S. Department of Justice Federal Bureau of Investigation PRESORTED 1000 Custer Hollow Road Clarksburg, WV 26306 FIRST-CLASS MAIL POSTAGE & FEES PAID Official Business Penalty for Private Use $300 Federal Bureau of Investigation Permit No. G-168 FOR RELEASE 6 P.M. ET, SUNDAY MAY 17. 1998 PLEASE NOTE Figures used in this release are submitted voluntarily by law enforcement agencies throughout the country. Individuals using these tabulations are cautioned against drawing conclusions by making direct comparisons between cities due to the many factors which affect the amount and type of crime from place to place. Some of these factors are listed in the annual Uniform Crime Reports. More valid use can be made of these figures by determining deviations from national averages and through comparisons with averages for cities in similar population groups. (Table 1) It is important to remember that crime is a social problem, and therefore, a concern of the entire community, The efforts of law enforcement are limited to factors within its control. Data users can obtain assistance by calling (304) 625-4995. Wis. imposes life in prison for 'partial-birth' procedure By Haya El Nasser weighs the merits of an appeal and Charisse Jones challenging the ban. USA TODAY The appeals court ruling is expected this week. A federal court could decide "If we don't get the ruling we as early as today whether Wis- hope for, we'll have to recon- consin can enforce a law that sider whether the need to pro- calls for life in prison - the vide (abortion) services to strictest penalty in the nation women is so great that we face - for doctors who perform a the risk of prosecution," said controversial type of late-term Eve Gartner, a lawyer with the abortion. Planned Parenthood Federa- The law went into effect last tion of America. Wednesday, prompting Wis- One clinic reopened on Sat- consin's six abortion clinics to urday, after Milwaukee County stop performing all proce- District Attorney Michael dures. McCann promised he would Abortion-rights supporters not use the law to prosecute say the law banning "partial- providers who perform early- birth" abortions is so broad and term abortions, generally vague that it could threaten meaning those in the first three doctors who perform any abor- months of pregnancy. tions at any state of pregnancy. Two other Milwaukee area "Partial-birth" abortions, as clinics are scheduled to re- they are known by critics, are sume business later this week. rare, late-term procedures in Three other clinics elsewhere which a fetus is partly deliv- in the state were deciding ered and its brain is removed. whether to reopen. Twenty-eight states have Both McCann and state At- some version of a law banning torney General James Doyle late-term abortions, but none Jr. suggested that abortion pro- other carries a sentence of life viders overreacted in suspend- in prison. At most, doctors in ing all abortions last week. other states could face a five- "The statute unequivocally year jail term, abortion-rights does not apply to (early-term) activists say. abortions," McCann said. Wisconsin Gov. Tommy "Wisconsin has not done Thompson signed that state's away with Roe vs. Wade," USA MONDAY, MAY 18, 1998 law last month. Opponents last Doyle said, referring to the week failed to obtain a tempo- U.S. Supreme Court decision rary court order to keep it on the right to an abortion. from taking effect. Abortion opponents also say Planned Parenthood of Wis- that the law is clear. consin and the Center For Re- Said Susan Armacost of Wis- productive Law and Policy consin Right To Life: "In reali- then asked the 7th U.S. Circuit ty, this law is strictly defined. Court of Appeals in Chicago to They have no case whatso- block the law while the court ever." U.S. murder rate dips 9%, FBI says By Gary Fields crime also was going down in USA TODAY the 1980s when she was a state prosecutor in Miami. WASHINGTON - The num- "I thought, ahhhh, we've ber of murders in the nation turned the corner. And then I continued to decline in 1997, began to hear about this insid- dropping 9% when compared ious thing that was cocaine, but with 1996, according to a pre- wasn't cocaine, and they hadn't liminary FBI report out Sunday. gotten a name for it yet. And The decline is part of a trend they started calling it crack that saw the number of all ma- (cocaine)." jor crimes drop 4% last year. The nation's crime rate sky- The statistics are especially rocketed in the mid- to late-80s. noticeable in big cities. "We can never relax our vig- Murders dropped 11% in cit- ilance about crime, about en- ies with populations above forcement, about prevention," I million people, and 14% in Reno said. cities with populations between Levin said that one of the 250,000 and 499,999 people. more promising aspects of Sun- "The cities are more danger- day's report is that crime has ous so people in the big cit- continued to drop despite ies tend to be wary and more changing demographics. More skeptical about strangers," said teen-agers are moving into the Jack Levin, director of the Pro- ages when they are most prone gram for the Study of Violence to commit violent crimes. Dire at Northeastern University. predictions that the crime rate Sunday's report tracks mur- would rise with their numbers der, rape, robbery, aggravated have not borne out. assault, burglary, larceny/ But not all the news Sunday theft, motor vehicle theft and was good. arson. Nearly 10,000 police The number of rapes report- agencies contributed to the re- ed to police dropped only 1% port. A final tally is expected nationwide, and actually went later this year. up in smaller cities and towns. Attorney General Janet Communities with fewer Reno attributed last year's than 10,000 residents saw the drop in crime to several fac- largest increase, 7%. tors, including community po- "Community policing, after- licing and after-school pro- school programs, supervising grams for children. teen-agers, those things don't But Reno cautioned against impact sex crimes as much as complacency, noting that they affect others," Levin said. Inflation threatens to rain on USA's economic parade By Rich Miller Rivlin describes the economy as unemployment insurance. The USA TODAY finely balanced. The domestic econ- booming stock market has allowed omy is red hot, growing too fast for companies with defined-benefit pen- Even the boy who cried wolf was right once. its own good. threatening to stoke in- sion plans to cut back on their contri- That's something that Federal Reserve Chair- flation. But outside the USA, things butions to those retirement pro- man Alan Greenspan and his fellow policymak- don't look so good. The Asian crisis is grams. ers at the inflation-stingy central bank will need threatening to flare up again. It has Perhaps most importantly, the to remember when they sit already cut into U.S. exports to the rapid growth of managed care has down Tuesday to plot the future region. Rivlin thinks it will also lead helped employers reduce the cost of course of interest rates. to more U.S. imports, as Asian com- For the past two years anti-inflation hawks in- panies boost shipments here, taking providing health care. But that may side and outside the Fed have been warning of sales away from U.S. producers. be coming to an end. the risk of accelerating price rises. So far, they Rivlin's best bet: The Asian crisis "The low hanging fruit has all couldn't have been more mistaken. Not only has will slow down the economy enough been picked," says Blaine Bos, of inflation not picked up, it's downshifted to its to prevent inflation from becoming benefits consultants William M. Mer- slowest pace in 30 years. much, if any, of a problem. But she cer in Chicago. "It's getting harder to But now some experts see the first signs that's admits she's not sure. cut costs." about to change. Wholesale prices rose in April The yin and yang of the two-sided He expects health maintenance for the first time in seven months. Consumer U.S. economy can be seen elsewhere organizations to boost premiums prices - the prices actually paid at shops - as well. Partly because of competi- anywhere from 8% to 14% for next notched their biggest increase in six months. tion from overseas, goods producers year. HMOs serve more than over And prices of assets, particularly Wall Street - steel makers, auto companies and 30% of employees. stocks but real estate as well, are climbing. the like - are not in a position to Another big plus in the fight to A broad-based index developed by Joseph boost prices out of fear they'll lose keep down inflation has been an un- Carson of broker Deutsche Morgan Grenfell that business. expected rise in productivity. Com- "We're not able to raise prices," panies have been able to pay their includes consumer, producer and asset prices has been increasing at a 6% annual clip. That says Lawrence Blair, president of employees more because they're Wheeling, W. Va.-based PosiTech In- getting more out of them. Worker compares to a 1.4% rise for consumer prices. ternational, which makes heat ex- "Reports of inflation's demise were clearly productivity grew 1.7% last year, changers that act like car radiators. well above the 1% average of the exaggerated,' says Donald Ratajczak of Georgia But for service companies that past 25 years. State University's Economic Forecasting Center in Atlanta. don't face much, if any, foreign com- Some economists. including Joel petition - law firms, financial con- Prakken of Macroeconomic Advis- Few. if any, experts expect sultants and others - it's been easi- ers in St. Louis, argue that the recent the inflation warnings to prompt the Fed to raise interest er to raise prices. Goods prices on av- rise in productivity is only tempo- ΓaΓy. But others contend that it's rates Tuesday. Inflation may have stopped fall- erage have fallen 0.2% over the past ing, but it's not about to take off. year. Services prices have climbed longer-lasting and reflects the in- 2.7%. creased use of computers and other The odds though are growing that the central bank will act before the end of the year to nudge Landmark Engineering & Survey, changes in the way people work. up the federal funds rate, the rate that commer- an architectural company in Tampa, cial banks charge each other for overnight raised prices by 5% to 10% in Janu- Boosting productivity loans. That would mean higher borrowing costs ary. Founder and President David throughout the economy, for everyone from Hurley says he hasn't had many Diamond Packaging has adopted consumers who use credit cards to companies problems making the price rises a team approach that gives workers that issue bonds. The Fed last tightened credit in stick. greater freedom to boost productivi- March 1997, when it raised the funds rate to "We're so busy right now that ty at its box and carton plant in West 5.5% from 5.25% when we raise our prices and people Henrietta, N.Y. To motivate its "The Fed's focus should be the highest possi- say, 'Well, we don't want you to do teams, the firm scores their perfor- our work,' we say, 'Thank you,' he mance in five areas, including prof- its, then awards cash bonuses based Please see COVER STORY next page says. on results. When economists discuss where Continued from 1B inflation is headed, they talk about "We're in a long-term productivity structural and long-lasting factors on revolution," says National Associa- ble sustainable economic growth," the one hand and cyclical and tem- tion of Manufacturers chief Jerry Ja- Fed Vice Chair Alice Rivlin says. "In- sinowski. porary influences on the other. The flation is a threat to that." former - the globalization of the Companies big and small are striv- In many ways low inflation has ing to cut other costs as well. Blair economy, the growth of the Internet been the elixir responsible for the says 42-person PosiTech trimmed and other technology - are pulling economy's amazing vitality of the inflation down. The latter are push- overhead by 15% last year. Ford Mo- past two years. Low inflation has ing it up. tor, the nation's No. 2 automaker, meant low interest rates. That's In a small sign of the increased im- slashed costs by $3 billion in 1997 by translated into a booming stock mar- portance of the World Wide Web, doing everything from reconfiguring ket. Richard Watkins of Flow Control in plants to not painting the inside of It's also spurred spending on ev- Omaha says his company used to ashtrays in some cars. erything from new homes for work- have a captive market in the area be- "We're trying to ingrain the idea of ers to new factories for companies. cause customers had nowhere else to lower costs into our DNA," Ford The consequent rapid growth of the go for the filters, flow meters and spokesman James Cain says. economy helped drive the unem- other products the small firm distrib- But some economists question ployment rate in April down to 4.3%, utes. how far such cost cutting can go. a level not seen since 1970 in Rich- No longer. Flow Control now faces They argue that some'of the most ba- ard Nixon's first term as president. competition from companies across sic costs of doing business, particu- the country that advertise on the In- larly energy prices, are now turning The two-sided economy ternet. up. After falling sharply at the end of Fed officials play down scuttlebutt Rising Business costs 1997 and into 1998, oil prices have in the financial markets that they're risen nearly $2 per barrel since Mid- deeply divided over how to keep the But powerful cyclical forces, per- die East and other producers agreed good times going. But they admit haps most importantly, low unem- in late March to cut output. they're unsure of what to do next, ployment and the higher wages it en- "The best news on inflation is torn between the push and pull of a genders, are raising business costs. probably behind us," says Mark two-sided economy that continues to Over the last year, earnings of the av- Vitner of First Union bank in Char- amaze. lotte, N.C. erage worker have risen 4.4%. Labor accounts for two-thirds of total costs And that may mean that the wolf at most businesses. is finally at the door. Up until now, companies have been able to avoid raising prices to Contributing: Beth Belton pay for the higher wages and sala- ries by cutting costs elsewhere. Be- cause the jobless rate is so low, they don't have to pay as much for state USA TODAY ONDAY, MAY 18, 1998 Serious Crimes Reported to Police Decline for Sixth Straight Year Associated Press numerous property crimes of burglary, auto An early 1980s decline in crime was percent rise in the total of the seven crimes, ratic rape figures rose, the only noticeable theft and larceny-theft dipped by 4 percent. reversed by the arrival of crack cocaine, but in 1997 each region had an overall increases were a 1 percent rise in violent Serious crime reported to the police in The most dramatic declines were in Reno said. decline. The Northeast, where crime soared crime in rural areas, led by a 6 percent 1997 declined for a sixth consecutive year, murder, for which statistics are the most The next problems could come from the most in the late 1980s, had the biggest increase in robbery. There also was a 4 with reductions in every region led by a reliable and uniform. The rate was down 9 cyberspace or abroad, Reno said. "The gun drop: 6 percent. The South was down 4 percent rise in auto theft in rural areas. plunge of more than 10 percent in murder in percent nationwide but 14 percent in cities may become obsolete as people learn how to percent, and the Midwest and West dropped "Rural areas are lagging because they are larger cities and suburban counties, the FBI of 250,000 to 500,000; 11 percent in cities hack through and accomplish thefts and 3 percent each. the last front in the 1980s crime wave that said yesterday. over 1 million and in suburban counties; and scams through the Internet," she said. "In- Cities of all sizes, suburbs and rural areas started with crack in the big cities and put Preliminary figures reflected a cumulative 10 percent in cities of 500,000 to 1 million ternational crime is going to be more on our reported overall drops. Cities of 250,000 to 1 guns in the hands of kids in gangs and outside 4 percent decrease in seven major crimes people. radar screen than ever before as people million people reported a 5 percent drop. gangs," said professor Alfred Blumstein of recorded by 9,582 police agencies around But Attorney General Janet Reno warned, become more mobile." Suburban counties were down 3 percent, Carnegie-Mellon University in Pittsburgh. the nation. "We can never relax our vigilance about The good news on crime reached even rural counties 1 percent. The smallest urban A major factor in the larger big-city The number of violent crimes of murder, crime, about enforcement, about preven- farther into every sector and region than drop was 2 percent in smaller towns of decline in murder was aggressive police rape, robbery and aggravated assault tion" because "there's going to be a new before. under-10,000 population. action to take guns away from kids and off dropped by 5 percent nationally. Far more problem down the road." In 1996, the South experienced a 1.1 Aside from a few spots where often-er- the streets, Blumstein said. The Washington Post MONDAY, MAY 18, 1998 For AU Grads, a Message of Peace Shimon Peres Talks About Israeli Policy in a Changing World By STEPHEN C. FEHR tinians. "They're entitled to their "Today's basic resources are in- Washington Post Staff Writer own lives, their own respect and tellectual-scientific, technologi- independence." cal, information and education," The sharp differences over the Later, in an interview, Peres Peres said. Middle East peace process were said it is in Israel's economic inter- "Why fight? Armies can't con- accented yesterday as former Is- est to support a single, binational quer wisdom," Peres said. raeli prime minister Shimon Peres state, saying: "The better off they Netanyahu has rejected a U.S. told graduates at American Univer- are, the better off we are. We don't proposal that Israel withdraw sity that Israel should recognize a want a poor, back road neighbor." troops from an additional 13 per- Palestinian state. He chastised the current Israeli cent of West Bank territories un- In New York earlier in the day, leadership for balking on recogni- der military occupation since 1967, current Israeli Prime Minister Bin- tion of a Palestinian state. and hand partial control to the yamin Netanyahu reiterated his "There's nothing to wait for Palestinians. In exchange, Pales- opposition to a U.S. proposal call- when you see that everything is tinian leaders would intensify ing for Israel to withdraw farther measures to contain terrorism di- from Jewish-occupied West Bank "They're entitled to rected at the Israeli state and to sit territories, adding that Israel down for immediate negotiations would retaliate if Palestinian lead- on a final peace settlement. er Yasser Arafat unilaterally de- their own lives, Netanyahu said that he consid- clares a Palestinian state. ers the U.S. proposal a threat to Peres was in Washington to their own respect Israeli national security and that it receive an honorary degree from would leave some Jewish settle- American University at com- ments in the West Bank isolated. mencement ceremonies. and independence." He said yesterday on ABC that Netanyahu has been in the Unit- only Israel can decide its national ed States for several days of talks - Shimon Peres, security interests. "If you ask me with Clinton administration offi- former Israeli prime minister talking about cials who are anxious to broker a Palestinian statehood to sign a peace treaty in which we somehow erode Israel's defens- peace settlement. written on the wall with clear es, that won't hold," he said. Peres, who lost to Netanyahu in the 1996 election, sounded a letters in good calligraphy," Peres theme of profound political and added. economic change in the world Peres, 75, told the students in since Israel became a nation 50 the school's Bender Arena that years ago. Israel can draw lessons from the That change, he told the stu- collapse of the Soviet Union, which dents, is part of the reason he has he said is the biggest change of the decided to call for a Palestinian last half-century. state. The lesson is that systems root- "We don't have the moral right ed in rigid political ideology don't to dominate another people," said fit in today's world dominated not Peres, a winner of the Nobel Peace by how much territory a nation Prize for his role in achieving controls but by its intellectual interim peace deals with the Pales- strength, he said. The Washington Post MONDAY, MAY 18, 1998 Serious Crime Fell in U.S. For 6th Year in a Row in '97 By JOHN H. CUSHMAN Jr. ry. Murders in the region declined WASHINGTON, May 17 - Re- 13 percent, total violent crimes ports of serious crime fell across declined 5 percent and property the nation in 1997, the sixth con- crimes declined 6 percent. secutive annual decrease, with Experts have said several the biggest drop in the Northeast- trends were contributing to the ern states and in big. cities, the declining pace of crime. Among Justice Department said today. them were the aging of the popu- Preliminary figures released lation, a toughening of sentencing laws and the increasing numbers by the Federal Bureau of Investi- of people in prison. The healthy gation, which collected them from economy was also a factor, ex- 16,000 city, county and state law- perts said. enforcement agencies, showed Cities with populations over a that the overall rate of serious million reported that murders crime fell 4 percent, accelerating and robberies each declined 11 the decline of recent years. percent. Cities with populations of Violent crimes declined by 5 half a million to a million report- percent, led by 9 percent de- ed murders and robberies each creases in murders and robber- down 10 percent. Cities with popu- ies. There were smaller de- lations of a quarter of a million to creases in the categories of ag- half a million reported murders gravated assault, down 2 percent, down 14 percent and robberies and rape, down 1 percent. down 10 percent. Rape was the one type of crime In New York City, the total for which the statistics showed number of crimes counted in the less progress. Reported rapes de- report declined 7 percent, to clined 2 percent in 1996, 5 percent 355,893 in 1997 from 382,555 in in 1995, and 4 percent in 1994. 1996. Murders declined 22 per- Property crimes declined by 4 cent, to 770 from 983, and robber- percent, led by an 8 percent drop ies dropped 10 percent, to 44,707 in arson. Car thefts fell 5 percent. from 49,672. The number of re- The Northeastern states led the ported rapes in New York City decline in virtually every catego- fell to 2,157 from 2,332. The New York Times MONDAY, MAY 18, 1998 Mr. Carter, 34, confessed to killling two people in 1981 in Houston in two National robberies. Arriving on death row as an 18-year-old, he was the youngest person there. News Briefs If the executions take place as scheduled, Mr. Carter and Mr. Muniz will be the seventh and eighth con- demned killers to die by lethal injec- Newborn Is Found Alive tion in Texas this year. Since 1982, Texas has executed 150 inmates by In a Shallow Grave lethal injection. ALTADENA, Calif., May 17 (AP) - A newborn boy with his umbilical Derailed Train Spills cord still attached was found alive in 20,000 Gallons of Soap a shallow grave on Saturday night by a woman who was jogging with her COLUMBUS, Ohio, May 17 (AP) - dogs in this Los Angeles suburb. About 20,000 gallons of liquid soap The jogger, Azita Milanian, who oozed acrossia railroad track corri- lives nearby, wrapped the baby in a dor today after a Conrail freight towel and used her cellular phone to train derailed near the city's down- call 911, said Charlotte Kramer, a town area. No one was injured. fire dispatcher for Los Angeles Coun- The authorities said they believed ty. Ms. Milanian then alerted a mo- that they had prevented the flow of torist who took the baby to the sher- soap from reaching a nearby storm iff's station. drain, and planned to use trucks with Ms. Milanian said she was jogging large vacuums to clean up the soap. on Saturday at 8:20 P.M., when her The derailment occurred on a sec- dogs went after what she thought tion of track running under a down- was a dead animal. She said that as town parking garage, said a fire offi- she went to restrain the dogs, she cial, Lieut. Mark Barbour. saw something push up the dirt. The train, three locomotives haul- Then, she said, she saw a tiny leg and ing 159 cars of mixed freight, was then found the buried baby. traveling from Pittsburgh to Colum- 0 "I could never believe in my bus, said a Conrail spokesman, Bob dreams any child would be under- Sullivan. Mr. Sullivan said about 30 neath the ground," she said. The of the cars had derailed. The cause cord on the baby was still on." has not been determined, he said. The infant was taken to Hunting- ton Memorial Hospital in Pasadena and was undergoing treatment for Philadelphia Police Chief severe hypothermia. He was listed in & Seizes Man in Purse Grab serious condition today. Deputy Michael Irving of the Los PHILADELPHIA, May 17 (Reu- Angeles County Sheriff's Office said ters) - While out jogging, Philadel- that the baby was full term and that phia's new Police Commissioner ran the delivery appeared to have OC- down a purse snatcher on Friday and curred just before he was discov- held the man until patrol officers ered. arrived, the police said today. The commissioner, John F. Timo- 2 Texas Plans to Execute ney, was jogging through Ritten- 1. house Square when a resident 2 Inmates This Week stopped him and reported the crime. 1 "Well, I am the Police Commis- HUNTSVILLE, Tex., May 17 (AP) sioner," Chief Timoney was quoted - Two of the longest-serving death as saying before taking off after the row inmates in Texas are scheduled man, identified as Jesse Lotman. S for execution this week. Chief Timoney, 49 and a marathon Robert Anthony Carter is sched- runner who jogs six to seven miles a uled to die by lethal injection on day, replaced Richard Neal in Monday night, and the execution of March. He had been first deputy to Pedro Cruz Muniz is to take place 24 Police Commissioner William J. hours later. Both men have spent Bratton of New York, who resigned nearly their entire adult lives behind in 1996. bars. A widespread crackdown on crime Mr. Muniz, 41, was 20 when he was in Philadelphia has resulted in 15 convicted in the rape and beating percent to 25 percent more arrests 5 death of a student at Southwestern this year, while the city's homicide University in Georgetown in 1976. rate has fallen by 26 percent. The New York Times MONDAY, MAY 18, 1998 Crime on the wane, FBI figures show National drop continues six-year trend By Jerry Seper ican people, is that we can never THE WASHINGTON TIMES relax our vigilance about crime, "We can never relax about enforcement, about preven- The FBI reported yesterday that tion," she said. "And that's the mes- our vigilance about incidents of serious crime nation- sage I am giving to America: Yes, wide murder, rape, robbery, as- America, everyone working to- crime." sault, burglary, larceny, vehicle gether has made a difference. Po- Janet Reno theft and arson - declined for the lice have done such an incredible sixth year in a row in 1997, falling job. There are so many people that by 4 percent compared with 1996. can claim that they have had a role crease between 1985 and 1995. In releasing preliminary figures in this and claim it legitimately." That trend has slowed somewhat from its Uniform Crime Reporting In the District, reports of the as the number of violent crimes program, the FBI said the drop last eight major crimes all dropped, in- committed by juveniles has shown year resulted from an overall 5 cluding significant decreases in a slight decline in the past two percent decline in the number of murder from 397 in 1996 to 300 years. reported violent crimes murder, last year; robbery, 6,444 to 5,719; New York City also led the coun- rape, robbery and assault - and a burglary, 9,828 to 8,169; and lar- try in the total number of reported 4 percent drop in reports of prop- ceny, 31,343 to 26,600. cases of forcible rape, with 2,157, erty crimes. In Alexandria, reports of mur- down from 2,346 in 1996. It was The final 1997 figures are ex- der, robbery, burglary, larceny and followed by Los Angeles, 1,413; pected this fall. auto theft decreased, while in- Detroit, 968; Memphis, 938; Hous- The overall crime rate fell in ev- creases were reported in the num- ton, 790; Dallas, 744; Columbus, ery region of the country in 1997. ber of forcible rapes, aggravated 696; Philadelphia, 650; Cleveland, The largest decrease, 6 percent, assaults and arsons. 638; and San Antonio, 618. came in the Northeast, followed by The FBI said that in the cate- Three cities among the 10 - the South, which dropped 4 per- gory of violent crimes, reports of Memphis, Dallas and Columbus - cent, while the Midwest and West murder and robbery nationwide each saw decreases of 3 percent. showed the largest decrease, down showed increases in the number of In the country's major cities, by 9 percent, followed by aggra- reported rapes. Los Angeles had one of the largest vated assault, 2 percent; and forc- The FBI report found that New drops in the overall crime rate - ible rape, 1 percent. Among prop- York City also led in the total num- 13 percent. In New York City, the erty crimes, the FBI said arson ber of reported robberies, with decrease was 7 percent. decreased by 8 percent; motor ve- 44,707, down from 49,703 in 1996. Attorney General Janet Reno hicle theft by 5 percent; larceny by It was followed by Chicago, 25,289; was encouraged by the new num- 4 percent; and burglary by 3 per- Los Angeles, 20,506; Philadelphia, bers. cent. 11,938; Baltimore, 8,629; Detroit, "I think one of the things that Nationwide, New York City led 8,208; Houston, 8,146; the District, has come out of these five years is the country with the most reported 5,719; Dallas, 5,626; and Memphis, that crime is not a Democratic or incidents of murder, 770, down 5,240. a Republican problem," she said from 986 in 1996. It was followed New York also led with the most during her weekly press briefing. by Chicago, 757; Los Angeles, 574; reported aggravated assaults, "If we approach it in a thoughtful, Detroit, 469; Philadelphia, 410; 45,229 in 1997 compared with bipartisan way we can make Baltimore, 312; the District, 300; 45,561 in 1996. It was followed by such a difference." New Orleans, 267; Houston, 254; Chicago, 36,519; Los Angeles, Miss Reno said, however, the and Dallas, 209. The total of 2,782 34,043; Detroit, 12,857; Houston, greatest challenge is to not become murders among the 10 cities in 11,967; Dallas, 8,336; Baltimore, complacent. 1997 compares with 4,880 in 1996. 7,995; Atlanta, 7,563; Jacksonville, "Let's not turn away and look at Among the 10 cities, only De- 6,387; and San Diego, 6,734. other things. Let's retain the vigi- troit showed an increase in the The Uniform Crime Reporting lance. Let's continue to invest in number of murders, with 428 in Program is a nationwide cooperat- children. Let's let people know that 1996. ive statistical effort drawing on if they commit a crime they're go- In the past three years, the mur- more than 16,000 city, county and ing to face a punishment that fits der rate nationwide has fallen by state police agencies. the crime," she said. 25 percent, although the number of "What I think is important for murders committed by teen-agers law enforcement, for all the Amer- has recorded a 145 percent in- The Washington Times / MONDAY, MAY 18, 199 India-Pakistan conflict grows from roots deep in history When they find an Indian trader, said shortly before last week's nu- Hindu India has been around for Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh by the Muslim religion "people of By Ben Barber they rifle through his suitcases and clear blasts that it was China that THE WASHINGTON TIMES more than 3,000 years. and their political arm, the ruling the book," deserving of respect leave his belongings soiled and India most feared. Mogul Muslims conquered it in Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP), of- since they believe in Old or New The roots of the Indian nuclear trampled on the filthy floor. China, with an estimated 400 the 16th century and held it until ten regard Muslims with suspicion Testament prophets and believe in explosions that disturbed the On the Indian side, one finds of- nuclear warheads, defeated India England took over. By the time In- and contempt. the existence in one God. world's atomic balance last week ficers in identical uniforms wait- in a conventional war in 1962, still dia gained independence in 1947, The BJP led a mass movement Hindus, however, are seen by can be found just a few miles from ing in a customs shed. Here they holds some Indian territory and about 20 percent of its people had to tear down a 400-year-old many Muslims as intolerable idol the blast site in the Rajasthan des- treat Pakistanis in the same way - has been giving Pakistan nuclear been converted to Islam. mosque at Ayodyah in 1992, which worshippers with many gods. ert. by tearing apart their suitcases. and missile technology. About 131 million of their de- led to riots that left thousands dead Aside from the three wars India At a small border town north- Hundreds of millions of people But China is cut off from India scendants ended up in Pakistan, - mostly Muslims. and Pakistan fought since inde- west of the blast site is the only on both sides of the heavily armed by the world's highest mountain which seceded from India in a Since the BJP came to power pendence - all of which India won official land crossing between In- frontier speak similar languages range. And China's regional focus bloody transfer of peoples in 1947. this year, however, it has toned - the two countries have re- dia and Pakistan, linking more - Indians call theirs Hindi, while is East and Southeast Asia while Another 128 million are in Bangla- down calls for eliminating Muslim mained at each other's throats. than 1 billion people in the two Pakistanis speak Urdu, which has India remains supreme in its own desh, which split from Pakistan in rights, such as the use of Islamic India blames Pakistan for arm- countries. Hindi roots. They love much of the South Asia region. 1971. laws on marriage and other social ing, training and sheltering anti- On the Pakistani side, at Wagah, same music, the same roti flat Pakistan remains the likely tar- But about 140 million Muslims issues. Indian Sikh militants in Punjab as border guards wearing British-era breads, the same curries and rice. get of Indian nuclear power in an remain among India's 950 million Muslims in Pakistan, mean- well as Muslim militants in Kash- uniforms with military turbans But they hate each other's reli- actual conflict, even if China re- people. while, have no more sympathy for mir. Pakistan thinks India is be- check out the sweltering travelers gion, government and politics. mains a resented giant Asian Hindus associated with the mili- Hinduism. hind ethnic violence in Karachi waiting to cross. The Indian defense minister neighbor. tant nationalist groups such as the Jews and Christians are called and Sindh. The Washington Times / MONDAY, MAY 18, 199

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Crime Data 1997

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