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EDUCATION PRIORITIES
In his 1997 State of the Union Address, the President announced that education would be the top priority
of his second term. While a range of education issues will require Presidential attention and effort, DPC
and NEC recommend five areas as having the greatest potential for lasting accomplishment: national
standards (including reading), school reform, education technology, college access, and job training.
1. National Standards, Testing and Achievement in Reading and Math. The President should
continue his campaign to firmly establish voluntary national standards and tests and sign up states to
participate, recognizing that progress in this area will occur over the long run. This campaign should
build on and strengthen state-level efforts supported by Goals 2000 and Title 1 to develop rigorous
academic standards in the full range of core subjects. The effort must also place a sustained emphasis.
on raising student achievement, by passing and launching America Reads and by creating a new national
partnership to boost middle school math achievement.
2. School Reform. A natural complement to the campaign on standards is a program of school reform
that fosters a new ethic of education involving high expectations, accountability and public school
choice. An important feature of this effort should be a new initiative to select a number of inner cities as
Educational Opportunity Zones, in which schools would receive special assistance in exchange for
adopting policies such as no social promotion, public school choice, reconstitution of failing schools, and
removal of bad teachers. The school reform effort should incorporate sustained advocacy for publicly
accountable charter schools nationwide, and includes the President's proposals for recruiting and
training good teachers.
3. Education Technology. Ensuring that every child is technologically literate -- and that new
technology is equitably spread -- is a critical imperative. We need to make sure that we have made
progress on all four ed tech goals. The task of wiring is on track at the current funding levels (assuming
the Universal Service Fund is upheld). We are proposing an additional investment (1) to provide
training so that teachers can make the most effective use of technology, (2) to improve on the state-of-the
art in educational software, and (3) to evaluate the effectiveness of technology.
4. College Access and Early Intervention. With the tax cuts for higher education, increases in Pell
Grants, and improvements in the loan programs, we are proposing a major presidential campaign to
communicate that college is available to everyone at every point in their lives. A concentrated effort in
low-income areas could include a program of school-college partnerships that provide mentoring and
academic enrichment to children starting not later than seventh grade. We are working on this in
conjunction with Chaka Fattah.
5. Job Training. Success is likely next year in our effort to consolidate job training programs and
empower individuals with Skill Grants. We can go further in expanding training opportunities and
helping the unemployed through: (1) harnessing technology for lifelong learning by funding the
development of software and an Internet-based system for job training; (2) expanding the availability of
unemployment insurance to more part-time and low-wage workers; and, (3) opening up more training
opportunities for dislocated workers.
August 26, 1997
MEMORANDUM FOR ERSKINE BOWLES
SYLVIA MATHEWS
JOHN PODESTA
FROM:
Bruce Reed
Elena Kagan
SUBJECT:
Long-Term Strategic Planning
In thinking about priorities for the remainder of the President's term, we think it is useful
to ask five kinds of questions:
1.
What are the most serious problems facing the nation today -- the issues of most genuine
importance to the country's future?
2.
What does the President most deeply care about? What issues speak to him and arouse
his passion? What are his most intense and personal commitments?
3.
In what areas can the President actually accomplish something? Where can he show real
and measurable achievements? Where can he most make a difference?
4.
What will he get credit for, now and in the future? What successes will people notice and
care about? What successes will they attribute to the President?
5.
What commitments has the President already made and what priorities has he already set?
These questions often point in different directions. An extremely serious issue may not
be one the President can do anything about; an issue on which he can make real progress may not
be one that moves him; an issue he cares about deeply may not be one on which others give him
deserved credit; etc. In setting priorities for the remainder of his term, the President should try to
determine the few issues where everything comes together: urgency, passion, the potential for
accomplishment, the likelihood of recognition, and consistency with prior commitments.
Among domestic priorities (any President must and should make "American Leadership
Abroad" a top priority), we think these questions point to a focus on (1) education, particularly
standards and school reform initiatives; (2) health care, including entitlement reform, coverage
expansion, consumer protection, and biomedical research; (3) children and family, particularly
child care programs; and (4) welfare reform. We should continue to push our agenda on crimes
and drugs -- especially with respect to community policing -- but should recognize that we
2
probably will be playing defense in this area for the next two years. We should take the
President's commitment to racial reconciliation seriously -- but largely by focusing not on race
itself, but on the problems of education, health care, crime, etc. felt by people in poor rural areas
and inner cities.
1. Education: The President already has said that education -- particularly national
standards -- is his first priority, and he has credibility in this area. The state of the nation's public
schools demands action, and the President speaks with knowledge and feeling about these issues.
The only question is whether he can make significant progress on this front, given the traditional
preeminence of state and local governments over K-12 schooling. We think he can, so long as he
chooses his targets with some care. He must continue to fight for voluntary national testing,
recognizing that progress in this area will be measured in the long term. And he should combine
this campaign with its natural complement -- a program of school reform, designed to foster a
new "ethic" of education involving high expectations, accountability, and public school choice.
We recommend, in particular, a program to select a number of inner cities (the places of greatest
educational need) as "Educational Opportunity Zones," in which schools would receive special
assistance in exchange for adopting policies of no social promotion, public school choice,
reconstitution of failing schools, removal of bad teachers, etc. In addition to standards and
school reform efforts, the President should continue to emphasize education technology and
should propose increased mentoring and support services for poor middle- and high-school
students to encourage minority enrollment in higher education.
2. Health Care: We are very well-positioned to make continued progress in health care,
building on the gains we made in the budget. A sustained focus in this area -- where federal
action is the norm and where bipartisan action is often feasible -- will leave a record of strong
accomplishment. Entitlement reform is the surest route to credibility and perhaps the greatest
need, but it is also the area where tangible accomplishment will be most difficult. We should
work hard there, but should not ignore the rest of our health care agenda: further coverage
expansions (for the 55-65 age cohort or workers in-between jobs), consumer protection reforms
(to ensure quality, prevent discrimination, and protect privacy), and increased biomedical
research (taking advantage of Republican support and perhaps using money from a tobacco
settlement). By the close of the President's term, he can have amassed a substantial record in
this area, which will make people view in an entirely different light our lack of success in passing
the Health Security Act.
3. Children and Families: For a number of reasons -- including the passage of welfare
reform, recent discoveries about early childhood development, and increased understanding of
the difficulties of balancing work and family -- the issue of child care is ready to burst onto the
national scene, and the President and First Lady should be in the vanguard. There is a great need
for leadership (although, as in education, some resistance to federal leadership) to ensure that
child care of decent quality is available and affordable for working Americans. Given their
commitment and credibility in this area, the President and First Lady have an opportunity to push
through significant reforms, perhaps including changes in the dependent care tax credit,
3
increased child care subsidies, and quality enhancements. An especially important feature of this
package of reforms (even a promise of universal access, if we can manage it) should be after-
school (but generally in-school) programs that give school-age children enriching and activity-
filled afternoons.
4. Welfare Reform: Whatever else the President does during his term in office, he will be
judged in significant measure by the success or failure of welfare reform. Welfare reform has the
potential to be the greatest social policy achievement of our generation -- or to be a terribly
harmful social experiment. For this reason, welfare reform must remain near the top of the
President's agenda, even though actual control of the welfare system is now largely in the hands
of state and local governments. The President should be actively engaged in promoting private
sector hiring of welfare recipients and implementing our new $3 billion welfare-to-work
program. He should push Congress to invest more in welfare reform efforts (for example, by
passing our initiative in NEXTEA for welfare-related transportation services); he should push
states to make good use of TANF monies. In short, for the remainder of his term, he should
maintain continuous and relentless involvement in this area.
EDUCATION PILLAR
BUILDING BLOCKS
DESCRIPTION
TIMELINE
BENEFITS
COSTS/FEASIBILITY
POLITICAL
PRESIDENTIAL
TIME COMMITMENT
OF PILLAR
RAMIFICATIONS
National Standards
Persuade 30-40+
April 1999
Raises expectations and
No new budget authority needed.
Has potential for
Significant
and Tests
states and 30-40+
achievement for all students in
bipartisan and
major cities to sign
U.S. elementary and
National tests will cost $16
business support,
up for national tests
secondary schools, especially
million per year to develop and
although has
in 4th grade reading
low income students.
$100 million per year to
attracted
and 8th grade math
administer. Congress to consider
outspoken critics.
by 1999.
Helps states and school
an amendment this month to deny
districts hold schools
authority to spend any funds for
Will require
Enact legislation
Sept 1998
accountable for performance.
these purposes.
intensive public
establishing
campaign to forge
independent
$620 million requested for Goals
bipartisan
governing board
2000 in FY 98 budget.
congressional
(NAGB) for tests.
Committees have appropriated
support.
less.
Pilot tests in 1998
April 1999
Will require hard
and make ready for
Prospects for long-term success
work to maintain
nationwide use in
in most states are good but will
support within the
Spring 1999.
require us to build and sustain
minority
broad nationwide support, and
community.
Launch National
Feb 1998
continue with aggressive efforts
Partnerships
to address any local barriers to
for improving
participation.
reading and math
achievement
Must prevent any legislation
delaying test development.
Support, through
Goals 2000 and the
Ongoing
IASA, all States in
developing common
academic standards
for their students.
EDUCA TIONPILLAR
School Reform:
Promote school
Legislation
Reconstitute low performing
Requires new legislation and
May be difficult
Significant
Urban Education
reform by
by end of
schools using proven school
budget authority
to secure
Initiative
challenging and/or
1998.
improvement models.
Congressional
requiring urban
Approximately $320 million per
support --
districts to adopt our
Program
Improve use of resources by
year for competitive grant
suburban/rural
school reform
duration:
urban school systems and
program for 10-15 districts
members, voucher
agenda--no social
5 years
provide more choice for
("education empowerment
supporters and
promotions; public
parents.
zones") to end social promotions,
liberals against
school choice;
fix failing schools, widen public
high stakes testing
closing failing
Restore public confidence in
school choice, fire bad teachers,
may oppose.
schools; firing bad
urban public school systems.
and improve management.
teachers; and
improving
Potential for using Obey whole
management--and
school reform funds in FY 98
rewarding those that
Appropriations bill to partially
do.
accomplish this objective.
Possibly require
Title I schools to
adopt no-social-
promotions and
other reform
policies.
EDUCATIONPILLAR
School Reform:
Create 3,000 high-
2001
Provides parents with options;
No new budget authority needed.
Has strong
Significant
Public School
quality, accountable
increases accountability.
bipartisan
Choice
charter schools (up
Administration's request for $100
support. Counter
from 1 in 1992 and
Stimulates improvement of all
million appropriation for charter
to Republican
500 today).
schools.
schools program in FY 1998
voucher proposals
would support up to 1,100
and Coverdell
Increase the number
1998
Offers intervention strategy
schools. Committees have
Amendment.
of states with charter
for low performing schools.
appropriated less.
legislation to 35.
Some in
Increases public awareness of
Success depends on challenging
education
choices available within the
state legislatures.
organizations and
public school system;
minority
decreases calls for vouchers.
community are
wary or opposed.
EDUCATIONPILLAR
School Reform:
Recruit and prepare
Legislation
Bring outstanding new
New legislation and budget
Has bipartisan
Limited. President
Training Good
10% of the new
by end of
teachers (including minorities)
authority required.
elements;
has already
Teachers and
teachers needed in
1998.
into schools with the greatest
recruitment
announced.
Removing Bad
high poverty urban
need; provide mentorship to
$350 million over five years to
initiative has
Teachers
and rural schools.
Program:
new teachers.
support proposed Title V of
strong appeal to
5 years
Higher Education Act for
urban
Provide models and support to
recruiting teachers to high-
constituency.
strengthen teacher preparation
poverty areas and strengthening
programs.
teacher preparation.
Enable 100,000
9 years
Enable every school to have at
No new budget authority needed.
Limited
teachers to seek
least one master teacher who
Administration has requested
national certification
can help lead improvements in
$105 million over five years to
as master teachers.
the school and support teacher
develop content area assessments
development.
and provide access to certification
process for 100,000 teachers.
Increase the number
Host
Facilitate the removal of
No cost
of states/districts
roundtable
incompetent teachers from the
with programs to
discussion
classroom and increase public
Strong public
Limited
remove incompetent
on effective
confidence in public schools.
support for
teachers.
local efforts
getting tough on
in Fall
incompetent
1997.
teachers and
increasing support
from teacher
organizations.
EDUCATIONPILLAR
America Reads:
Launch national
Major
Helps children in communities
Education Dept. Funds for 1998
Strong positive
Limited, but
Tutoring for
campaign to ensure
launch in
with low reading levels,
included in Budget Agreement,
public reaction.
President should do
students who are
that all children can
summer
especially low income
although appropriators are
However, support
a couple of events
behind, and related
read well and
1998.
children.
balking.
in Congress and
to launch program.
efforts
independently by
from constituency
age 8.
Negotiation
Needed increase for National
groups is sparse.
S next
Service is much more difficult to
After school tutors
month over
achieve.
are a primary
appropriat-
component;
ions are
Congress is also
critical.
pressing for a
teacher re-training
effort.
EDUCATION PILLAR
School Construction
Provide up to 50%
4 years
Increase the amount of school
New budget commitment
Strongly
Limited
interest subsidy for
construction by 25%.
necessary.
supported by
new school
urban
construction and
Target subsidy to urban and
$5 billion grant program -- part of
constituencies.
renovation.
high-poverty districts that
the funds awarded by competition
have the most significant
for local school districts and the
Growing public
needs.
other part by formula to states.
recognition of
problem, and
One-third of all schools facing
State grants ensure that rural and
some potential for
extensive repair or
suburban schools will also
bipartisan
replacement.
receive interest subsidies.
support, although
many Republicans
New schools needed to
Record enrollment this fall
vocally oppose.
address overcrowding caused
ensures that overcrowding will
by record enrollments.
continue to be an issue of great
Description of
concern.
initiative is based
on legislation
introduced last
term; other policy
options should be
considered in
order to increase
chances for
enactment.
EDUCATION PILLAR
After School
See also Child Care
1-2 years
Increases safety and reduces
No new budget authority needed.
Some bipartisan
Limited
Learning Centers /
Pillar.
risk -- youth are most at risk
support.
Community Schools
of committing violence or
$50 million requested in FY 1998
Current proposal
being victims between 3 and 6
budget; House committee
Public identifies
would expand
p.m.
appropriated $50 million but
this as key
schools' capacity to
Senate committee appropriated
unaddressed
address education
Provides students with safe
only $1 million.
education and
needs by creating
neighborhood learning centers
childcare need.
500-1000 new after-
to do homework and obtain
school programs.
tutoring and mentoring.
Further expansions
Provides parents with safe,
to be included in
educational programs for
child care proposal.
children during working
hours.
School-to-Work
All 50 states
Ongoing
Provides more than half a
No new budget authority needed.
Bipartisan
Limited
creating
million high school students
support, including
comprehensive
with opportunities for work-
State systems encouraged and
business
school-to-career
based learning connected to
supported by School-to-Work
community;
systems.
high standards, preparing
Opportunities Act of 1994; $400
currently under
them for careers and further
million requested for FY 98.
attack by far-right
learning.
groups.
EDUCATION PILLAR
Safe and Drug-Free
Improve
Ongoing
Focus funds on the most
Department of Education
Efforts to
Limited
Schools
implementation of
effective interventions,
reviewing options, including new
improve program
proposal by
increasing the number of kids
legislation, for overhauling
would address
ensuring that federal
free from violence and drugs.
existing program. No additional
criticism that it
funds support the
budget impact is expected.
doesn't work, but
most effective
Will provide more models of
Congress could
investments in safety
programs that work for kids.
treat as excuse to
and substance abuse
attack
prevention.
Administration
programs and
efforts.
Continue
Ongoing
In some 6,000 cases, the
Local districts
Limited
implementation of
student population was
likely to resist
zero tolerance
protected by removing
changes requiring
policy for guns in
students who brought guns to
more competition
schools requiring a
school.
for funds or
one-year mandatory
greater emphasis
expulsion for kids
on results.
who bring guns to
schools.
Ongoing
College Access and
** TO BE
Enrollment
PROVIDED BY
NEC
Education
** TO BE
Technology
PROVIDED BY
NEC
1
Final
Sudmi the
8/13 8
-
EDUCATION PILLAR
BUILDING
DESCRIPTION
TIMELINE
BENEFITS
COSTS/FEASIBILITY
POLITICAL RAMIFICATIONS
BLOCKS OF
PILLAR
Education
Persuade 30-40+
18 months
Raises expectations and achievement
National tests will cost $16 million
Has strong potential for bipartisan
Standards
states and 30-40+
for all students in U.S. elementary
per year to develop and $100 million
and business support, although has
major cities to sign
and secondary schools, especially
per year to administer.
attracted outspoken critics.
up for national
low income students.
tests in 4th grade
$620 million requested for Goals
Will require hard work to maintain
reading and 8th
Helps states and school districts hold
2000 in FY 98 budget.
support within the minority
grade math by
schools accountable for performance.
community.
1999.
In addition to the America Reads
initiative, additional investments in
Pilot tests in 1998
18 months
reading and math materials,
and make ready for
professional development and public
nationwide use in
information will be needed.
Spring 1999.
Prospects for long-term success in
Launch National
6 months
most states are good but will require
Partnerships
us to build and sustain broad
for improving
nationwide support, and continue
reading and math
with aggressive, case-by-case efforts
achievement
to address any local barriers to
by early 1998.
participation.
Support, through
Ongoing
Must prevent any legislation delaying
Goals 2000 and
test development.
the IASA, all
States in
developing
common academic
standards for their
students.
EDUCATION PILLAR
Public School
Create 3,000 high-
2001
Provides parents with options;
$100 million appropriation for
Has strong bipartisan support.
Choice
quality,
increases accountability.
charter schools program in FY 1998
Effective counter to Republican
accountable
would support up to 1,100 schools.
voucher proposals and Coverdell
charter schools (up
Stimulates and informs improvement
Amendment.
from 1 in 1992
of all schools.
Success depends on challenging state
and 500 today).
legislatures.
Some in education organizations and
Intervention strategy for low
minority community are wary or
Increase the
1998
performing schools.
opposed.
number of states
with charter
Increases public awareness of
legislation to 35.
choices available within the public
school system; decreases calls for
vouchers.
Fixing Failing
Aggressively
5 years
Low performing schools
$320 million competitive grant
Potential for bipartisan support if it
Schools /
promote school
reconstituted using proven school
program for 10-15 districts to end
has a strong emphasis on
Urban
reform by
improvement models.
social promotions, fix failing schools,
accountability; urban constituencies
Education
challenging and/or
widen public school choice, fire bad
especially supportive.
Reform
requiring urban
Better use of resources by urban
teachers, and improve management
districts to adopt
school sytems and more choice for
our school reform
parents.
Potential for using Obey whole
agenda--no social
school reform funds in FY 98
promotions; public
Restore public confidence in urban
Appropriations bill to partially
school choice;
public school systems.
accomplish.
closing failing
schools; firing bad
Possibly require Title I schools to
teachers; and
adopt no-social-promotions and other
improving
reform policies.
management--and
rewarding those
that do.
EDUCATION PILLAR
Talented and
Recruit and
5 years
Bring outstanding new teachers
$350 million over five years to
Has bipartisan elements; recruitment
Dedicated
prepare 10% of
(including minorities) into schools
support proposed Title V of Higher
initiative has strong appeal to urban
Teachers
the new teachers
with the greatest need; provide
Education Act for teacher recruitment
constituency.
needed in high
mentorship to new teachers.
and strengthening teacher
poverty urban and
preparation.
rural schools.
Provide models and support for
improvements in higher education to
strengthen teacher preparation.
Enable 100,000
9 years
Enable every school to have at least
$105 million over five years in the
teachers to seek
one master teacher who can help lead
balanced budget to develop content
national
improvements in the school and
area assessments and provide access
certification as
support teacher development.
to certification process for 100,000
master teachers.
teachers.
Increase the
Host
Facilitate the removal of incompetent
No cost
Strong public support for getting
number of
roundtable
teachers from the classroom and
tough on failing teachers and
states/districts with
discussion on
increase public confidence in public
increasing support from teacher
programs to
effective local
schools.
organizations.
remove bad
efforts in Fall
teachers.
1997.
EDUCATION PILLAR
After School
Expand schools'
1-2 years
Increases safety and reduces risk --
$50 million requested in FY 1998
Some bipartisan support.
Learning
capacity to address
youth are most at risk of committing
budget; House committee
Centers /
education needs by
violence or being victims between 3
appropriated $50 million but only $1
Public identifies this as key
Community
creating 500-1000
and 6 p.m.
million in the Senate.
unaddressed education and childcare
Schools
new after-school
need.
programs.
Provides students with safe
neighborhood learning centers to do
homework and obtain tutoring and
mentoring.
Provides parents with safe,
educational programs for children
during working hours.
School-to-
All 50 states
Ongoing
Provides more than half a million
State systems encouraged and
Bipartisan support, including
Work
creating
high school students with
supported by School-to-Work
business community; currently under
comprehensive
opportunities for work-based
Opportunities Act of 1994; $400
attack by far-right groups.
school-to-career
learning connected to high standards,
million requested for FY 98.
systems.
preparing them for careers and
further learning.
EDUCATION PILLAR
Safe and Drug-
Added school
Ongoing
Allows schools to use funds for
Strong public support for President's
Free Schools
safety as a focus of
security improvements and violence
effort to preserve funding for
the federal
prevention.
program.
investment in
1993 and later
Provided increase in funds for
successfully fought
prevention programs at a time when
to increase funding
adolescent drug use increasing.
despite GOP
threats to cut.
As part of new
Ongoing
Focus funds on the most effective
Department of Education reviewing
Efforts to improve program would
initiative, ensure
interventions, increasing the number
options for overhauling existing
address criticism that it doesn't work,
that federal funds
of kids free from violence and drugs.
program.
but Congress could treat as excuse to
support state and
attack Administration programs and
school district
Will provide more models of
efforts.
investments in
programs that work for kids.
effective safety and
Local districts likely to resist changes
substance abuse
requiring more compeition for funds
prevention efforts.
or greater emphasis on results.
Established zero
Ongoing
In some 6,000 cases, the student
While original had bipartisan
tolerance policy
population was protected by
support, Republicans considering
for guns in schools
removing students who brought guns
expanding to drugs, alcohol and
requiring a one-
to school.
tobacco in the juvenile crime bill.
year mandatory
There would be significant issues
expulsion for kids
associated with this change.
who bring guns to
schools.
EDUCATION PILLAR
School
Provide up to 50%
4 years
Increase the amount of school
$5 billion grant program -- part of
Strongly supported by urban
Construction
interest subsidy for
construction by $20 billion (25%).
the funds awarded by competition for
constituencies.
new school
local school districts and the other
construction and
Subsidy targeted to urban and high-
part by formula to states.
Some potential for bipartisan
renovation.
poverty districts that have the most
support, although many Republicans
significant needs.
State grants do ensure that rurals and
vocally oppose.
suburban schools will also receive
One-third of all schools facing
interest subsidies.
extensive repair or replacement.
Record enrollment this fall ensure
New schools needed to address
that overcrowding will continue to be
overcrowding caused by record
an issue of great concern.
enrollments.
NEC
pillare
EDUCATION PILLAR
BUILDING BLOCKS OF
DESCRIPTION
TIMELINE
BENEFITS
COSTS/FEASIBILITY
POLITICAL RAMIFICATIONS
PILLAR
(e.g. Who does this help?
(e.g. What does it take to achieve?
(e.g. How does it affect the party?)
How does it help them?)
Who pays ($ or capital)? What is
the likelihood it will occur?)
America Reads:
Ensure that parents
Campaign could
Result in children who are better
Can begin with funds already part of
Support in minority causes - can
Parents-as-First-
and care givers of
begin in FY98 if
prepared to learn when they reach
budget Agreement. Other programs
work closely with constituency
Teachers
children age 0-2
funds promised
school age. Mainly helps children
should be allied with the effort: WIC,
groups and networks.
have the latest
in Budget
in low-income committees where
Even Start, Reading is Fundamental,
knowledge about
Agreement are
books and other stimulants are
Early Head Start.
Bipartisan support (same paranoia
how to promote
secured in
more scarce and the literacy skills
among far-right groups concerned
children's learning
appropriations
of care givers may be lower.
Large payoff if additional investments
that Feds will regulate home-
and reading
bills.
are made in programs such as Even
schooling.
potential. This part
Start, Early Head Start, and WIC
of America Reads
(doubling Even Start would cost only
has not received
$100 million a year; WIC expansion
much attention, and
would cost much more).
is a national follow-
up to the Brain
conference.
Universal access to
Through expansion
(FY99 budget
Results in more children starting
Billions of dollars, conflict between
Head Start has bipartisan support.
quality pre-school
and improvement of
proposed).
school ready-to-learn, reducing
quality and capacity. (Funds are
Concept attractive to both parties.
[note: Our Head Start
Head Start, Child
the need for remediation.
needed for training and other
investment is part of
Care block grant,
program improvements, but these
America Reads as
and tax provisions
Mainly helps low-and middle-
investments do not expand the
described originally]
ensure that all
income families who are using
number if slots available).
families in America
low-quality care or are returning
have access to at
to work under welfare reform.
least two years of
[What is the unfunded need in
quality pre-school
Head Start and /or child care].
care.
EDUCATION PILLAR
America Reads:
Launch national
Major launch
Helps children in communities
Education Dept. Funds for 1998
Strong positive public reaction.
Tutoring for students
campaign to ensure
for summer
with low reading levels, esp. Low
included in Budget Agreement,
However, support in Congress and
who are behind, and
that all children can
1998.
income.
although appropriators are balking.
from constituency groups is sparse.
related efforts
read well and
independently by age
Negotiation
Needed increase for National Service
8.
next month over
is much more difficult to achieve.
After school tutor
appropriations
are a primary
details are
component;
critical.
Congress is also
pressing for a
teacher re-training
effort.
Public Education
Promote college
One year major
Should be targeted to have largest
Modest cost for pamphlets, PSAs,
Everyone wants to take credit (they
Campaign: Financial
attendance by
effort (perhaps
impact where college attendance
conferences, and bully pulpit activity.
might even want to take part in the
Aid for College
publicizing the
starting Jan.
is low: low-income communities.
information campaign); no one
universal availability
98), followed-
Also could be aimed at workers
should object.
of Federal financial
up by some
who may want or need to upgrade
aid - including the
continuing new.
skills.
new tax credits.
Restore Pell Grant's
Increased college
Higher
Helps promote college attendance
Would costs $3-4 billion/year or
Some Democrats and higher
Buying Power
cost have reduced
Education
and retention by low-income
more.
education groups would strongly
the Pell Grant's
reauthorization
individuals. (This population will
support. Others and Republicans
value, even with the
proposal or
not benefit significantly from the
may attack price tag in wake if
Administration's
FY99 Budget
HOPE and Lifetime Learning
HOPE, and point out the need to
historic increases.
request for
Credits because they do not have
prepare low-income kids better
An increase in the
1999-2000
sufficient tax liability).
before college.
maximum award of
academic year.
$1000 or more (to
$4000+) would
restore the grant's
buying power.
EDUCATION PILLAR
Mentoring: Middle
Promote high school
FY 99 budget
Would help children and families
Investment would need to grow to $1
Constituency groups and elites would
School and Beyond
completion, college-
request or
in some of the highest-poverty
billion or more per year.
strongly support.
going, and career
higher
areas. Evaluations indicate these
orientation by
education
efforts do make a difference.
rounding Mentoring,
reauthorization
tutoring, and other
for 1999-2000
support services to
school year.
students at high-
poverty schools,
starting in middle or
junior high school.
Could be combined
with information
campaign on
financial aid for
college.
Lock-in Pell Grant for
Guarantee full or
Higher
Students at high-poverty schools,
Annual costs starting in 2005 (?)
Bipartisan support for concept, but
Middle Schoolers
partial Pell Grant
Education Act
where they are most in need of
Could range from X-Y billion,
new entailment and out-year cost
eligibility for
reauthorization
any message of hope.
depending on program design.
could prove difficult to pursue.
children at high-
or FY 99
poverty middle
Budget proposal
schools and junior
for 1999-2000
high schools, to
academic year.
encourage them to
finish school and
consider college.
Could be combined
with the major
public information
campaign or
mentoring effort.
EDUCATION PILLAR
Family Literacy
Dramatic expansion
FY 99 Budget
Families with low literacy skills,
Doubling these two programs would
Bipartisan support.
of tutoring and other
Proposal.
no high school diploma, and/or
cost additional $450 million/year.
efforts that promote
limited-English proficiency.
whole families that
These programs are used heavily
can read and write
by Hispanic community.
English well and
parents have high
school diplomas.
(Children's skills are
closely related to
their parents' skills).
Would include large
increases in funding
for Adult Basic
Education and Even
Start. Addresses
needs in make of
welfare/immigration
laws.
EDUCATION PILLAR
BUILDING
DESCRIPTION
TIMELINE
BENEFITS
COSTS/FEASIBILITY
POLITICAL RAMIFICATIONS
BLOCKS OF
(e.g. Who does this help?
(e.g. What does it take to achieve?
(e.g. How does it affect the party?)
PILLAR
How does it help them?)
Who pays ($ or capital)? What is the
likelihood it will occur?)
Education: GI
Reform and
POTUS
Dislocated workers, students in adult
Better than 50% chance of Senate
If legislation passes Congress it will
Bill for
consolidate federal
proposed in
and VOC ed programs will be served
passage this year.
be overwhelmingly bipartisan. In
America's
job training, adult
1995. House
by a more efficient system with more
September there may be an
Workers
ed and VOC ed
passed
accountability and individual choice.
opportunity for the President to laud
programs.
legislation
the bipartisan effort led by Senators
Promote One Stop
consistent with
Jeffords, DeWine, Kennedy and
Career Centers.
POTUS's
Wellstone.
Empower
principles.
individuals with
Senate
Skill Grants
expected to
mark up
legislation in
Senate.
EDUCATION PILLAR
Education:
Expand
Requires
Depends on the specific reforms
Cost range: $400 million/yr to 1.8
This would be very difficult, but
Workers in
availability of
legislation.
adopted. Range is from 130,000
billion/yr depending on the package
would have strong validation from
Transition
unemployment
Could be
part-time workers to 680,000 part-
of reforms.
the bipartisan Advisory Council on
insurance to ease
proposed in
time and low-wage workers.
Source: State UI trust funds. Some
Unemployment Compensation and
dislocations and
FY99 Budget.
states might initially absorb
mainstream economists. It would
stabilize the
additional beneficiaries without
also enjoy support from worker
economy.
raising tax rates.
advocates and some memebrs of the
Currently, only
Democratic Caucus. Moreover, there
35% of
are strong arguments for fixing the
unemployed
system: the economy has changed
workers get UI
dramatically, businesses rely more
benefits, down
on part time workers, workers
from @ 50% in
change jobs more often and only 1/3
'50s.
of unemployed workers get benefits.
In addition, because of the strong
economy, state UI trust funds are in
surplus, so now is the time to fix the
system.
EDUCATION PILLAR
Education:
There are a range
Requires
Would be available to all dislocated
More Training for Dislocated
Democrats are generally supportive
Workers in
of options to
legislation.
workers who can't find another job.
Workers: $800 million/yr.
of job training and education
Transition
complete your
Take up rates and eligibility screens
initiatives, but with the current low
training reform
would vary with the design of the
Pell Grants for Dislocated Workers:
unemployment rate, new training
agenda and better
program. Estimates of participation
estimates range from $200 million/yr
ideas are likely to be a low priority
support dislocated
range from about 250,000 to
to $1 billion/yr.
for Congress.
workers. The
750,000.
broadest proposal
Pell/Training & Income Support:
would be to
$2.6 billion/yr.
guarantee all
dislocated workers
Feasibility: Giving dislocated
training/education
workers the chance to get a Pell grant
and income
might have some bipartisan support.
support. The most
narrow proposals
would be to give
more dislocated
workers access to
Pell Grants or job
training.
EDUCATION PILLAR
EDUCATION PILLAR
BUILDING
DESCRIPTION
TIMELINE
BENEFITS
COSTS/FEASIBILITY
POLITICAL RAMIFICATIONS
BLOCKS OF
(e.g. Who does this help?
(e.g. What does it take to achieve?
(e.g. How does it affect the party?)
PILLAR
How does it help them?)
Who pays ($ or capital)? What is the
likelihood it will occur?)
Educational
1. Connect every
By "dawn of
Improves student performance by
President's budget has $2 billion
Very popular. Potential for elite
technology:
classroom to
the new
making learning more exciting,
Technology Literacy Challenge Fund.
media backlash unless you can
Internet by 2000.
century."
hands-on.
demonstrate results.
existing
Universal Service Fund has up to
initiative
2. Train teachers.
Prepares students for workplace of
$2.25 billion/year for schools and
2 st century.
libraries for connectivity.
3. Computers.
Increases parental involvement.
Current funding adequate for
4. Educational
connectivity goal - won't reach goals
software.
on computers & teacher training
without substantial match from
private sector, state, local.
1. Ensure every
2000
Teacher training critical to success of
Could launch credible new initiatives
Popular.
Educational
new teacher knows
initiative.
for several hundred million.
technology:
how to use
new initiatives
technology, or one
Need R&D to improve state of the art
"master" teacher
of software, and conduct evaluation
per school
on impact of technology on student
performance.
2. High visibility
content online
3. R&D on
evaluation,
educational
software
THE WHITE HOUSE
WASHINGTON
August 11, 1997
MEMORANDUM FOR STRATEGY TEAM
FROM ERSKINE BOWLES AND SYLVIA MATHEWS
SUBJECT:
Follow-up to Friday's Strategic Meeting
As a follow-up to last Friday's meeting, this memo details the assignments and their deadlines.
A template is attached for you to use as you develop the assigned pillars. On Wednesday, a
memo with your assigned pillar(s) will be due to Andrew Mayock by 5 p.m. On Thursday and
Friday, Erskine will hold meetings to discuss the paper that has been produced and next week
will be spent refining that paper. During the week of August 25th, Erskine and Sylvia will use
the pillars as the foundation of a memo that we will send to the President on August 29th. When
the President returns, we will meet with him to discuss the different choices among pillars and in
some cases, within a single pillar.
PILLARS
1.
Education - Reed, Sperling
2.
Renewing our Cities (including sustainable development), Welfare, Underclass -
Sperling, Reed, Klain
3.
Environmental Protection - McGinty, Sperling, Gibbons
4.
Crime/Drugs/Prisons (including perhaps, the future of young men) - Reed
5.
Renewal of Family (issues like child care, balance of time, divorce, adoption, the media,
family medical leave) - Verveer, Echaveste, Reed
6.
Children - Sperling, Reed, Verveer, Echaveste
7.
Racial Reconciliation (including civil rights enforcement, immigration, the judicial
system) - Echaveste
8.
International Economic Leadership - Tarullo, Summers, Sperling
9.
Savings/Entitlement Reform - Sperling, Summers
10.
American Leadership Abroad (including peace, defense structure, democracy) - Berger,
Steinberg
11.
Science/Technology (including reinvigorating the R/D budget, medical sciences, medical
ethics) - Gibbons, Podesta, Gips, Sperling
12.
Rego/Effectiveness of Government (like eliminating errors in Medicare or EITC) - Stone
13.
Gifts to the Future (rebuilding our schools, the Millennium, museums, culture) - Verveer
14.
Health Care/Improving Health Status (vaccination efforts, smoking reduction, adding
years to the life span, decreasing suffering of elderly and sick, medical science
improvement, more insured) - Jennings, Reed
Note: OMB and CEA will be a part of many of these issues.
There were a number of other ideas that came out of our brainstorming session. However, as the
group tried to create a manageable number to produce detailed paper on, some items came off the
primary list. The topics not included:
- Making Markets Work (negative ramifications of the modern economy, growing power
of the corporation, new transactions, improving the framework of competition)
- Culture
- President as Teacher
- New Ethics
- Service
To help in this process, we have also attached documents that list Administration initiatives for
the year 2000 and our State of the Union goals. Also, a sample and a blank template are attached
so that each pillar can be summarized in a way that can be compared to others. The President
will, of course, want back up memoranda describing each area summarized in the template. As
you fill in the elements of your pillars, please include policies that are already being pursued.
Andrew Mayock will e-mail the template to your office. If you have any questions, his number
is 6 - 7492.
Once again, your assignments are due no later than 5 p.m. on Wednesday. The paper will be
distributed for meetings that will be held on Thursday and Friday. Andrew will let you know in
which meeting times your topic will be discussed.
Attachments: Clinton Administration Initiatives for the Year 2000
1997 State of the Union - Policies Announced
Sample Chart on Education Pillar
Template Pillar Chart (also will be provided electronically)
SAMPLE
EDUCATIONPILLAR
BUILDING
DESCRIPTION
TIMELINE
BENEFITS
COSTS/FEASIBILITY
POLITICAL RAMIFICATIONS
BLOCKS OF
(e.g. Who does this help?
(e.g. What does it take to achieve?
(e.g. How does it affect the party?)
PILLAR
How does it help them?)
Who pays ($ or capital)? What is
the likelihood it will occur?)
Educational
Ensure that X of
X months /
Results in better educated students
May entail high costs to organize
Has strong bi-partisan element.
Standards
states sign on to
years
in public schools (as long as
efforts in each state where there are
standards for 4th
"failure" group does not develop).
differing power centers / dynamics.
Sometimes results in alienation of
and 8th grades
minority community and may cause
thereby
Results in measurement of school
Will require work to ensure that it is
dissension within that area of the
establishing a goal
performance.
not used as a tool against minorities.
party.
for students to
reach.
Mainly helps students in X situation.
There are Y students in that
Ensure that
situation.
schools and their
teachers
adequately
prepare our
children.
Guarantee
Guarantee Pell
X months /
Increases college participation rates
$2.5 billion for first group of sixth-
Has bi-partisan support.
Two Years of
Grants to sixth-
years
for this group, and broadly instills
grade students.
Higher
grade students
expectation of college attendance
Education
from low income
among lower-income students.
May create a new entitlement and
(Chaka
families.
700,000 students available for
will cost shift in budget priorities
Fattah Plan:
benefit in first class.
from one program to this one.
21st Century
Scholars Act)
Promotes high school completion,
May guarantee help to many non-
job readiness and lower incidence of
needy students.
delinquent behavior.
Does not provide additional support
like mentoring, tutoring and other
support services that are critical for
success.
Additional
building
blocks to be
added here.
* Note that this example has both an old initiative that we are still developing and a new idea. Please include both in your input.
*This template will be provided to you for incorporation of your own input.
TEMPLATE
PILLAR
BUILDING
DESCRIPTION
TIMELINE
BENEFITS
COSTS/FEASIBILITY
POLITICAL RAMIFICATIONS
BLOCKS OF
(e.g. Who does this help?
(e.g. What does it take to achieve?
(e.g. How does it affect the party?)
PILLAR
How does it help them?)
Who pays ($ or capital)? What is
the likelihood it will occur?)
CLINTON ADMINISTRATION INITIATIVES FOR THE YEAR 2000
The following is a list, categorized by issue, of Clinton Administration goals, pledges,
and programs geared for the year 2000. This list is comprehensive, but may not be exhaustive. There
are likely to be other pledges we did not find on our first review.
Economy:
Produce 8 million new homeowners by the year 2000. [Pres. Doc. 858, 6/12/97]
Decrease welfare rolls by 2 million more people by the year 2000. [Pres. Doc. 136, 2/4/97]
Move about a million more people from welfare to work by the year 2000. [Pres. Doc. 1698,
9/10/96].
Eliminate all tariffs on computers, semiconductors, telecommunications equipment, and
software products by the year 2000. [Pres. Doc. 2514, 12/16/96]
Education:
Expand Head Start to one million children by 2002. [Pres. Doc. 13, 2/4/97]
Hook up every classroom and library to the Internet by the year 2000. [Pres. Doc. 903,
6/19/97]
Double the number of full-time youth volunteers by the year 2000 by adding another 50,000
participants in AmeriCorps. [Pres. Doc. 607, 4/28/97]
By the year 2000, every 8-year-old should be able to read on his or her own, every 12-year-old
should be able to log on to the Internet, every 18-year-old should be able go on to college, and
every adult should be able continue to learn for a lifetime and get the skills necessary to get
good jobs. [Pres. Doc. 558, 4/20/97]
Make 2 years of college just as universal as a high school diploma is today by the year 2000.
[Pres. Doc. 558, 4/20/97]
Increase by ten-fold the number of charter schools we have by the year 2000. [Pres. Doc. 290,
3/6/97]
Expand work study so that one million students will be able to work their way through college
by the year 2000. Have 100,000 of these new work-study students join our America Reads
efforts to help make sure all our 8-year-olds can read independently by the year 2000. [Pres.
Doc. 230, 2/24/97]
Erase American illiteracy by the year 2000. [Pres. Doc. 1242, 7/2/93]
Increase the high school graduation rate to at least 90 percent by the year 2000 [Pres. Doc. Pg.
195, 2/3/94].
Goals 2000. By the year 2000, the United States should meet the National Education Goals which
include: All children in America will start school ready to learn; the high school graduation rate
will increase to at least 90 percent; all students will leave grades 4, 8, and 12 having demonstrated
competency over challenging subject matter including English, mathematics, science, foreign
languages, civics and government, economics, the arts, history, and geography; every adult
American will be literate and will possess the knowledge and skills necessary to compete in a
global economy and exercise the rights and responsibilities of citizenship; every school in the
United States will be free of drugs, violence, and the unauthorized presence of firearms and
alcohol and will offer a disciplined environment conducive to learning. [Education Department,
Goals 2000 Progress Report, Spring 1995]
Crime and Drugs:
Put 100,000 more police on the streets of America's communities by the year 2000. [Pres. Doc.
1935, 9/30/96]
By the year 2000, make every school in America free of drugs and violence. [Pres. Doc. Pg.
195, 2/3/94]
Ensure that all state prisoners serve at least 85 percent of their sentences by the year 2000. [News
& Record (Greensboro, NC), 9/22/96]
Environment:
Clean up 900 Superfund sites by the year 2000. [Pres. Doc. 846, 6/9/97]
Clean up two-thirds of the existing toxic waste sites by the year 2000. [Pres. Doc. 2379,
11/12/96]
Devote $70 million to a total of 35 States to help them get safe running water for their people
by the year 2000. [Pres. Doc. 1258, 7/16/96]
Cut greenhouse gases to 1990 levels by the year 2000. [Pres. Doc. 865, 4/21/94]
"I want an America in the year 2000 where no child should have to live near a toxic waste
dump, where no parent should have to worry about the safety of a child's glass of water, and no
neighborhood should be put in harm's way by pollution from a nearby factory. Today, I am
calling for a new national commitment to help protect all communities from toxics by the year
2000." [Pres. Doc. 1567, 8/28/96]
Healthcare:
Extend health coverage to as many as 5 million children by the year 2000. [Pres. Doc. 531,
4/17/97]
Makes vaccines affordable for families and improve immunization outreach, with the goal that
90 percent of all two-year-olds should be fully vaccinated by the year 2000. [Pres. Doc.; Pg.
2009, 10/7/96]
Wipe out polio by the year 2000. [Pres. Doc. 668, 4/17/96]
Immigration:
Modernize our border crossing so that by the year 2000, 22 pairs of towns will be equipped
with remote video systems and new technologies to give them 24-hour service. [Pres. Doc. 479,
4/8/97]
Reach the goal of having at least 7,000 agents protecting our borders by the year 2000. [Pres.
Doc. 200, 2/7/95]
Defense/ Foreign Policy:
Increases funding for weapons modernization 40 percent by the year 2000. [Pres. Doc. 1643,
9/3/96]
Develop by the year 2000 a defensive system that protects America from the threat of a long-
range missile attack by a rogue state. The President said this system should be deployed by
2003. [Pres. Doc. 910, 5/22/96]
Agree with Russia to stop plutonium production by the year 2000. [Pres. Doc. 1862, 9/26/94]
Close Chernobyl by the year 2000. [Pres. Doc. 1097, 4/20/96]
1997 STATE OF THE UNION -- POLICIES ANNOUNCED
Tuesday, February 4, 1997
Unfinished business:
Balanced budget:
Balance budget by 2002;
Campaign finance reform:
Pass McCain-Feingold by 7/4;
Welfare reform:
Finish reforming welfare -- move 2 million people from welfare to work by 2000.
Education:
Standards:
Every state should adopt high national standards, and by 1999, every state should
test every 4th grader in reading and every 8th grader in math;
Teacher standards -- enable 100,000 more teachers to seek national certification as
master teachers;
Literacy:
America Reads -- at least 100,000 college students to volunteer as reading tutors;
Early learning:
HRC conference on Early Learning and the Brain (spring);
VP family conference on parents' involvement in learning (June);
Public school choice:
Create 3,000 charter schools by the next century;
School construction:
Pass $5 billion to help communities finance $20 billion in school construction over
the next four years;
College opportunity:
HOPE Scholarships;
$10,000 tax deduction;
Expanded IRA's;
Largest increase in Pell Grants in 20 years;
Training:
Pass G.I. Bill for America's Workers;
Education technology:
Finish connecting every classroom and library to the Internet by the year 2000.
Science and technology:
Hospitals:
Connect every hospital to Internet;
Challenge private sector to connect every children's hospital to Internet;
Internet:
Build the second generation of the Internet;
Medical research:
Reinforce commitment to medical science (AIDS vaccine).
Stronger families:
Helping parents succeed at home and at work:
Expand Family and Medical Leave;
Pass flextime;
2
Health care:
Extend health coverage to up to 5 million uninsured children;
Reform Medicare; expand Medicare to cover respite care for Alzheimer's, annual
mammograms;
Guarantee woman can stay in hospital 48 hours after mastectomy;
Responsibility:
Make it a felony for parent to cross state line to flee from child support;
Protecting children:
Stand firm in determination to ban advertising/marketing of cigarettes aimed at
kids.
Stronger communities:
Crime/drugs:
Finish hiring 100,000 police;
Pass Victims Rights Amendment;
Pass Juvenile Justice bill;
Largest anti-drug effort ever;
Urban agenda:
Empower urban communities through investment and loans (double number of
empowerment zones, restore contaminated urban land and buildings, expand
community development banks);
Use empowerment approach to renew DC;
Environment:
Clean up 500 more toxic waste sites;
Make polluters pay;
Designate 10 American Heritage Rivers this year;
Ban worst toxic chemicals and reduce greenhouse gases;
Service:
Mobilize millions of Americans to national service;
3
Culture:
America 2000 celebration of culture and the arts.
World leadership:
Undivided democratic Europe:
Expand NATO by 1999, strengthen NATO's Partnership for Peace;
Asian Pacific community:
Together with South Korea, advance peace talks with North Korea;
Call on Congress to fund our share of agreement under which North Korea must
freeze and dismantle nuclear weapons program;
Pursue deeper dialogue with China (invited China's President to come here);
Global economy/trade:
Expand exports, especially to Asia and Latin America (need authority to conclude
new trade agreements);
Will visit Latin America in the spring;
New security threats:
Ratify Chemical Weapons Convention;
Military strength/tools:
Increase funding for weapons modernization by year 2000, take care of men and
women in uniform;
Pay our debts and dues to international financial institutions like the World Bank,
and to a reforming United Nations.
One America:
No specifies.
Race Initiating
4
B
EDUCATION PILLAR
BUILDING
DESCRIPTION
TIMELINE
BENEFITS
COSTS/FEASIBILITY
POLITICAL RAMIFICATIONS
BLOCKS OF
PILLAR
notantial for
Education
30-40+ states
18 months
Raises expectations and
National tests will cost $16 million
Has strong a bipartisan element.
Standards
signed up for
achievement for all students in U.S.
per year to develop and $100
and busines support
national tests in
elementary and secondary schools,
million per year to administer
Will require hard work to maintain
4th grade reading
especially low income students
support within the minority
and 30-40+
and 8th grade
$620 million requested for Goals
community.
majorcities
math by 1999
Helps states and school districts
2000 in FY 98 budget
hold schools accountable for
Tests piloted in
18 months
performance
In addition to the America Reads
1998 and ready
initiative (below), additional
for nationwide use
investments in reading and math
in Spring 1999
materials, professional development
and public information will be
National
6 months
needed.
Partnerships
for improving
reading and math
achievement
launched
by early 1998
49 States (all but
Iowa) developing
common
academic
State level reforms driven and
standards for their
supported by Goals 2000 and the
students
Improving America's Schools Act,
enacted in 1994
MAKE THIS P.2
(after Stds, before Teachers)
EDUCATION PILLAR
Public School
Create 3,000
2001
Provides parents with options;
$100 million appropriation for
Has strong bicpartisan support.
Choice
high-quality,
increases accountability
charter schools program in FY 1998
Effective counter to Replobican
accountable
would support up to 1,100 schools.
Some in education organizations
charter schools
Stimulates and informs
Success depads an challenging
and minority community are wary or
(up from 1 in
improvement of all schools
Requires state legislative strategy.
opposed.
19921 and 500
ures.
1998
today)
vache
Intervention strategy for low
Requires sustained attention to
Increase the
performing schools
ensure that schools are ruly public
proposals ad
Coverdll
number of states
and accountable for results
amendment
with charter
Increases public awareness of
legislation to 35
choices available within the public
school system; decreases calls for
vouchers
Reform
Fixing Failing
Ensuro urban
5 years
Low performing schools
$320 million competitive grant
Potential for bipartisan support if it
Schools /
districts develop
reconstituted using proven school
program for 10-15 districts to fix
has a strong emphasis on
Urban
and implement
improvement models
failing schools. improve
accountability; urban constituencies
Education
effective
management and strengthen school
espcially supportive.
Reform
strategies for
Better use of resources by urban
leadership.
Initiative
identifying and
school sytems and more choice for
fixing failing
parents
Potential for using Obey whole
schools, plus
school reform funds in FY 98
improving
Restore public confidence in urban
Appropriations bill to partially
management
public school systems
accomplish
systems,
developing school
Must require real change in school
leadership, and
climate/district management or risk
widening school
being viewed as subsidy for
choice
Possibly
mismanaged districts
Require Title I schools to
adopt no-social-promotions
w/o
and other reform policies.
Aggressively promote school reform involvements
challang
by requiring rewarding
urban destricts to adopt our reform agenda no
social promotions; public school choice; closing failing schools;
firing bad teachers; and improving management- -
and rewarding Here those that do.
EDUCATION PILLAR
Talented and
Recruit and
5 years
Bring outstanding new teachers
$350 million over five years to
Has bipartisan elements; recruitment
Dedicated
prepare 10% of
(including minorities) into schools
support proposed Title V of Higher
initiative has strong appeal to urban
Teachers
the new teachers
with the greatest need; provide
Education Act for teacher
constituency.
needed in high
mentorship to new teachers
recruitment and strengthening
poverty urban and
teacher preparation.
rural schools
Provide models and support for
improvements in higher education to
strengthen teacher preparation
Enable 100,000
2006
Enable every school to have at least
$105 million over five years in the
teachers to seek
Q years
one master teacher who can help
balanced budget to develop content
national
lead improvements in the school and
area assessments and provide access
certification as
support teacher development
to certification process for 100,000
master teachers
teachers.
Increase the
Host
number of
roundtable
Facilitates the removal of
No cost.
states/districts
discussion on
incompetent teachers from the
Strong public support for getting
with programs to
effective local
classroom and increases public
tough on failing teachers, and
address remove bad
efforts in Fall
confidence in public schools
increasing support from
persistently failing
1997
Peacher organizations, in favor of
teachers
peer review, but may feel alienated
by strong emphasis on failing
teachers.
EDUCATION PILLAR
After School
Expand schools'
1-2 years
Increases safety and reduces risk --
$50 million requested in FY 1998
Some bipartisan support.
Learning
capacity to
youth are most at risk of committing
budget; House committee
Centers /
address education
violence or being victims between 3
appropriated $50 million but only
Public identifies this as key
Community
needs by creating
and 6 pm
$1 million in the Senate.
unaddressed education need.
Schools
500-1000 new
after-school
Provides students with safe
and
and childcare
programs
neighborhood learning centers to do
homework and obtain tutoring and
mentoring
Provides parents with safe,
educational programs for children
during working hours
School-to-
All 50 states
Provides more than half a million
State systems encouraged and
Bipartisan support, including
Work
creating
high school students with
supported by School-to-Work
business community; currently
comprehensive
opportunities for work-based
Opportunities Act of 1994; $400
under attack by far-right groups.
school-to-career
learning connected to high
million requested for FY 98.
systems
standards, preparing them for
careers and further learning
Safe and
Ensure that
18 months
Reduces funds going to popular but
Department of Education reviewing
Likely strong public support for
Drug-Free
federal funds
ineffective interventions, increasing
options for overhauling existing
serious efforts to address problems.
Schools
support state and
the number of kids free from
program
school district
violence and drugs
Local districts likely to resist
investments in
changes requiring more competion
effective safety
Will provide more models of
for funds or greater emphasis on
and substance
programs that work for kids
results
abuse prevention
efforts
Conservatives could treat as excuse
to attack administration programs
and efforts
EDUCATION PILLAR
Reading
[NEC to provide]
Early Learning
[NEC to provide]
Opportunties
[NEC to provide]
Higher
Education
Education
[NEC to provide]
Teachnology
Training
[NEC to provide]
E
EDUCATION PILLAR
BUILDING
DESCRIPTION
TIMELINE
BENEFITS
COSTS/FEASIBILITY
POLITICAL RAMIFICATIONS
BLOCKS OF
PILLAR
Persuade
Education
30-40+ states
18 months
Raises expectations and
National tests will cost $16 million
Has strong bipartisan element.
Standards
signed up for
achievement for all students in U.S.
per year to develop and $100
national tests in
elementary and secondary schools,
million per year to administer
Will require hard work to maintain
4th grade reading
especially low income students
support within the minority
and 8th grade
$620 million requested for Goals
community.
math by 1999
Helps states and school districts
2000 in FY 98 budget
Pilot
hold schools accountable for
Tests piloted in
18 months
performance
In addition to the America Reads
1998 and ready
initiative (below), additional
for nationwide use
investments in reading and math
make
in Spring 1999
materials, professional development
Launch
and public information will be
will, yes + no
National
6 months
needed.
Partnerships
Goodling Chenry,
for improving
reading and math
\ think we need to say
eTc Han to
achievement
launched
something here
at hast
by early 1998
abus our prospects
mention
Support,
49 States (all but
for future success in
1
Iowa) developing
siluing up states
common
academic
State level reforms driven and
standards for their
supported by Goals 2000 and the
students
Improving America's Schools Act,
enacted in (994
through Goals t IASA,
-
EDUCATION PILLAR
Talented and
Recruit and
5 years
Bring outstanding new teachers
$350 million over five years to
Has bipartisan elements; recruitment
Dedicated
prepare 10% of
(including minorities) into schools
support proposed Title V of Higher
initiative has strong appeal to urban
Teachers
the new teachers
with the greatest need; provide
Education Act for teacher
constituency.
needed in high
mentorship to new teachers
recruitment and strengthening
poverty urban and
teacher preparation.
rural schools
Provide models and support for
improvements in higher education to
strengthen teacher preparation
Enable 100,000
2006
Enable every school to have at least
$105 million over five years in the
teachers to seek
one master teacher who can help
balanced budget to develop content
national
lead improvements in the school and
area assessments and provide access
certification as
support teacher development
to certification process for 100,000
master teachers
teachers.
Increase the
Host
number of
roundtable
Facilitates the removal of
states/districts
discussion on
incompetent teachers from the
Strong public support for getting
with programs to
effective local
classroom and increases public
tough on failing teachers.
address
efforts in Fall
confidence in public schools
persistently failing
1997
Teacher organizations in favor of
teachers
peer review, but may feel alienated
by strong emphasis on failing
teachers.
EDUCATION PILLAR
Public School
Create 3,000
2001
Provides parents with options;
$100 million appropriation for
Has strong bi-partisan support.
Choice
high-quality,
increases accountability
charter schools program in FY 1998
accountable
would support up to 1,100 schools.
Some in education organizations
charter schools
Stimulates and informs
and minority community are wary or
(up from 1 in
improvement of all schools
Requires state legislative strategy.
opposed.
1992)
1998
Intervention strategy for low
Requires sustained attention to
Increase the
performing schools
ensure that schools are truly public
number of states
and accountable for results.
with charter
Increases public awareness of
legislation to 35
choices available within the public
school system; decreases calls for
vouchers
Fixing Failing
Ensure urban
5 years
Low performing schools
$320 million competitive grant
Potential for bipartisan support if it
Schools /
districts develop
reconstituted using proven school
program for 10-15 districts to fix
has a strong emphasis on
Urban
and implement
improvement models
failing schools, improve
accountability; urban constituencies
Education
effective
management and strengthen school
espcially supportive.
Reform
strategies for
Better use of resources by urban
leadership.
identifying and
school sytems and more choice for
fixing failing
parents
Potential for using Obey whole
schools -- plus
school reform funds in FY 98
tightening
Restore public confidence in urban
Appropriations bill to partially
management,
public school systems
accomplish
developing school
leadership, and
Must require real change in school
widening school
climate/district management or risk
choice
being viewed as subsidy for
mismanaged districts
Add remaining
should be
bad teachers
same he
EDUCATION PILLAR
After School
Expand schools'
1-2 years
Increases safety and reduces risk --
$50 million requested in FY 1998
Some bipartisan support.
Learning
capacity to
youth are most at risk of committing
budget; House committee
Centers /
address education
violence or being victims between 3
appropriated $50 million but only
Public identifies this as key
Community
needs by creating
and 6 pm
$1 million in the Senate.
unaddressed education need.
Schools
500-1000 new
after-school
Provides students with safe
programs
neighborhood learning centers to do
homework and obtain tutoring and
mentoring
Provides parents with safe,
educational programs for children
during working hours
School-to-
All 50 states
Provides more than half a million
State systems encouraged and
Bipartisan support, including
Work
creating
high school students with
supported by School-to-Work
business community; currently
comprehensive
opportunities for work-based
Opportunities Act of 1994; $400
under attack by far-right groups.
school-to-career
learning connected to high
million requested for FY 98
systems
standards, preparing them for
careers and further learning
EDUCATION PILLAR
Safe and
Added school
Ongoing
Allows schools to use funds for
Strong public support for
Drug-Free
safety as a focus
security improvements and violence
President's effort to preserve
Schools
of the federal
prevention.
funding for program.
investment in
1993 and later
Provided increase in funds for
successfully
prevention programs at a time when
fought to increase
adolescent drug use increasing.
funding despite
GOP threats to
cut.
Efforts to improve program would
Ongoing
Department of Education reviewing
address criticism that it doesn't
As part of new
options for overhauling existing
work, but Congress could treat as
initiative, ensure
program
excuse to attack Administration
that federal funds
programs and efforts.
support state and
school district
Local districts likely to resist
investments in
Focus funds on the most effective
changes requiring more competion
effective safety
interventions, increasing the number
for funds or greater emphasis on
and substance
Ongoing
of kids free from violence and drugs
results
abuse prevention
efforts
Will provide more models of
While original had bipartisan
programs that work for kids
support, Republicans considering
Established zero
expanding to drugs, alcohol and
tolerance policy
In some 6,000 cases, the student
tobacco in the juvenile crime bill.
for guns in
population was protected by
There would be significant issues
schools requiring
removing students who brought
associated with this change.
a one-year
guns to school
mandatory
expulsion for kids
who bring guns to
schools
EDUCATION PILLAR
Reading
[NEC to provide]
Early Learning
[NEC to provide]
Opportunties
[NEC to provide]
Higher
Education
Education
[NEC to provide]
Teachnology
Training
[NEC to provide]
EDUCATION PILLAR
School
Provide up to 50%
4 years
Increase the amount of school
$5 billion grant program -- part of
Potential for bipartisan support.
Construction
interest subsidy for
construction by $20 billion (25%).
the funds awarded by competition for
new school
local school districts and the other
Strongly supported by urban
construction and
Subsidy targeted to urban and high-
part by formula to states.
constituencies.
renovation.
poverty districts that have the most
significant needs.
State grants do ensure that rurals and
suburban schools will also receive
One-third of all schools facing
interest subsidies.
extensive repair or replacement.
Record enrollment this fall ensure
Really? How
New schools needed to address
that overcrowding will continue to be
overcrowding caused by record
an issue of great concern.
dame was
enrollments.
conldn't SIT
This The
Reading
[NEC to provide]
100 Time
Early Learning
[NEC to provide]
anound? Let's
Opportunties
not be too
[NEC to provide]
optimitic
Higher
Education
Education
[NEC to provide]
Teachnology
Training
[NEC to provide]
SAMPLE
EDUCATION PILLAR
BUILDING
DESCRIPTION
TIMELINE
BENEFITS
COSTS/FEASIBILITY
POLITICAL RAMIFICATIONS
BLOCKS OF
(e.g. Who does this help?
(e.g. What does it take to achieve?
(e.g. How does it affect the party?)
PILLAR
How does it help them?)
Who pays ($ or capital)? What is
the likelihood it will occur?)
Educational
Ensure that X of
X months /
Results in better educated students
May entail high costs to organize
Has strong bi-partisan element.
Standards
states sign on to
years
in public schools (as long as
efforts in each state where there are
standards for 4th
"failure" group does not develop).
differing power centers / dynamics.
Sometimes results in alienation of
and 8th grades
minority community and may cause
thereby
Results in measurement of school
Will require work to ensure that it is
dissension within that area of the
establishing a goal
performance.
not used as a tool against minorities.
party.
for students to
reach.
Mainly helps students in X situation.
There are Y students in that
Ensure that
situation.
schools and their
teachers
adequately
prepare our
children.
Guarantee
Guarantee Pell
X months /
Increases college participation rates
$2.5 billion for first group of sixth-
Has bi-partisan support.
Two Years of
Grants to sixth-
years
for this group, and broadly instills
grade students.
Higher
grade students
expectation of college attendance
Education
from low income
among lower-income students.
May create a new entitlement and
(Chaka
families.
700,000 students available for
will cost shift in budget priorities
Fattah Plan:
benefit in first class.
from one program to this one.
21st Century
Scholars Act)
Promotes high school completion,
May guarantee help to many non-
job readiness and lower incidence of
needy students.
delinquent behavior.
Does not provide additional support
like mentoring, tutoring and other
support services that are critical for
success.
Additional
building
blocks to be
added here.
*Note that this example has both an old initiative that we are still developing and a new idea. Please include both in your input.
*This template will be provided to you for incorporation of your own input.
TEMPLATE
PILLAR
BUILDING
DESCRIPTION
TIMELINE
BENEFITS
COSTS/FEASIBILITY
POLITICAL RAMIFICATIONS
BLOCKS OF
(e.g. Who does this help?
(e.g. What does it take to achieve?
(e.g. How does it affect the party?)
PILLAR
How does it help them?)
Who pays ($ or capital)? What is
the likelihood it will occur?)
CLINTON ADMINISTRATION INITIATIVES FOR THE YEAR 2000
The following is a list, categorized by issue, of Clinton Administration goals, pledges,
and programs geared for the year 2000. This list is comprehensive, but may not be exhaustive. There
are likely to be other pledges we did not find on our first review.
Economy:
Produce 8 million new homeowners by the year 2000. [Pres. Doc. 858, 6/12/97]
Decrease welfare rolls by 2 million more people by the year 2000. [Pres. Doc. 136, 2/4/97]
Move about a million more people from welfare to work by the year 2000. [Pres. Doc. 1698,
9/10/96].
Eliminate all tariffs on computers, semiconductors, telecommunications equipment, and
software products by the year 2000. [Pres. Doc. 2514, 12/16/96]
Education:
Expand Head Start to one million children by 2002. [Pres. Doc. 13, 2/4/97]
Hook up every classroom and library to the Internet by the year 2000. [Pres. Doc. 903,
6/19/97]
Double the number of full-time youth volunteers by the year 2000 by adding another 50,000
participants in AmeriCorps. [Pres. Doc. 607, 4/28/97]
By the year 2000, every 8-year-old should be able to read on his or her own, every 12-year-old
should be able to log on to the Internet, every 18-year-old should be able go on to college, and
every adult should be able continue to learn for a lifetime and get the skills necessary to get
good jobs. [Pres. Doc. 558, 4/20/97]
Make 2 years of college just as universal as a high school diploma is today by the year 2000.
[Pres. Doc. 558, 4/20/97]
Increase by ten-fold the number of charter schools we have by the year 2000. [Pres. Doc. 290,
3/6/97]
Expand work study so that one million students will be able to work their way through college
by the year 2000. Have 100,000 of these new work-study students join our America Reads
efforts to help make sure all our 8-year-olds can read independently by the year 2000. [Pres.
Doc. 230, 2/24/97]
Erase American illiteracy by the year 2000. [Pres. Doc. 1242, 7/2/93]
Increase the high school graduation rate to at least 90 percent by the year 2000 [Pres. Doc. Pg.
195, 2/3/94].
Goals 2000. By the year 2000, the United States should meet the National Education Goals which
include: All children in America will start school ready to learn; the high school graduation rate
will increase to at least 90 percent; all students will leave grades 4, 8, and 12 having demonstrated
competency over challenging subject matter including English, mathematics, science, foreign
languages, civics and government, economics, the arts, history, and geography; every adult
American will be literate and will possess the knowledge and skills necessary to compete in a
global economy and exercise the rights and responsibilities of citizenship; every school in the
United States will be free of drugs, violence, and the unauthorized presence of firearms and
alcohol and will offer a disciplined environment conducive to learning. [Education Department,
Goals 2000 Progress Report, Spring 1995]
Crime and Drugs:
Put 100,000 more police on the streets of America's communities by the year 2000. [Pres. Doc.
1935, 9/30/96]
By the year 2000, make every school in America free of drugs and violence. [Pres. Doc. Pg.
195, 2/3/94]
Ensure that all state prisoners serve at least 85 percent of their sentences by the year 2000. [News
& Record (Greensboro, NC), 9/22/96]
Environment:
Clean up 900 Superfund sites by the year 2000. [Pres. Doc. 846, 6/9/97]
Clean up two-thirds of the existing toxic waste sites by the year 2000. [Pres. Doc. 2379,
11/12/96]
Devote $70 million to a total of 35 States to help them get safe running water for their people
by the year 2000. [Pres. Doc. 1258, 7/16/96]
Cut greenhouse gases to 1990 levels by the year 2000. [Pres. Doc. 865, 4/21/94]
"I want an America in the year 2000 where no child should have to live near a toxic waste
dump, where no parent should have to worry about the safety of a child's glass of water, and no
neighborhood should be put in harm's way by pollution from a nearby factory. Today, I am
calling for a new national commitment to help protect all communities from toxics by the year
2000." [Pres. Doc. 1567, 8/28/96]
Healthcare:
Extend health coverage to as many as 5 million children by the year 2000. [Pres. Doc. 531,
4/17/97]
Makes vaccines affordable for families and improve immunization outreach, with the goal that
90 percent of all two-year-olds should be fully vaccinated by the year 2000. [Pres. Doc.; Pg.
2009, 10/7/96]
Wipe out polio by the year 2000. [Pres. Doc. 668, 4/17/96]
Immigration:
Modernize our border crossing so that by the year 2000, 22 pairs of towns will be equipped
with remote video systems and new technologies to give them 24-hour service. [Pres. Doc. 479,
4/8/97]
Reach the goal of having at least 7,000 agents protecting our borders by the year 2000. [Pres.
Doc. 200, 2/7/95]
Defense/ Foreign Policy:
Increases funding for weapons modernization 40 percent by the year 2000. [Pres. Doc. 1643,
9/3/96]
Develop by the year 2000 a defensive system that protects America from the threat of a long-
range missile attack by a rogue state. The President said this system should be deployed by
2003. [Pres. Doc. 910, 5/22/96]
Agree with Russia to stop plutonium production by the year 2000. [Pres. Doc. 1862, 9/26/94]
Close Chernobyl by the year 2000. [Pres. Doc. 1097, 4/20/96]
1997 STATE OF THE UNION -- POLICIES ANNOUNCED
Tuesday, February 4, 1997
Unfinished business:
Balanced budget:
Balance budget by 2002;
Campaign finance reform:
Pass McCain-Feingold by 7/4;
Welfare reform:
Finish reforming welfare -- move 2 million people from welfare to work by 2000.
Education:
Standards:
Every state should adopt high national standards, and by 1999, every state should
test every 4th grader in reading and every 8th grader in math;
Teacher standards -- enable 100,000 more teachers to seek national certification as
master teachers;
Literacy:
America Reads -- at least 100,000 college students to volunteer as reading tutors;
Early learning:
HRC conference on Early Learning and the Brain (spring);
VP family conference on parents' involvement in learning (June);
Public school choice:
Create 3,000 charter schools by the next century;
School construction:
Pass $5 billion to help communities finance $20 billion in school construction over
the next four years;
College opportunity:
HOPE Scholarships;
$10,000 tax deduction;
Expanded IRA's;
Largest increase in Pell Grants in 20 years;
Training:
Pass G.I. Bill for America's Workers;
Education technology:
Finish connecting every classroom and library to the Internet by the year 2000.
Science and technology:
Hospitals:
Connect every hospital to Internet;
Challenge private sector to connect every children's hospital to Internet;
Internet:
Build the second generation of the Internet;
Medical research:
Reinforce commitment to medical science (AIDS vaccine).
Stronger families:
Helping parents succeed at home and at work:
Expand Family and Medical Leave;
Pass flextime;
2
Health care:
Extend health coverage to up to 5 million uninsured children;
Reform Medicare; expand Medicare to cover respite care for Alzheimer's, annual
mammograms;
Guarantee woman can stay in hospital 48 hours after mastectomy;
Responsibility:
Make it a felony for parent to cross state line to flee from child support;
Protecting children:
Stand firm in determination to ban advertising/marketing of cigarettes aimed at
kids.
Stronger communities:
Crime/drugs:
Finish hiring 100,000 police;
Pass Victims Rights Amendment;
Pass Juvenile Justice bill;
Largest anti-drug effort ever;
Urban agenda:
Empower urban communities through investment and loans (double number of
empowerment zones, restore contaminated urban land and buildings, expand
community development banks);
Use empowerment approach to renew DC;
Environment:
Clean up 500 more toxic waste sites;
Make polluters pay;
Designate 10 American Heritage Rivers this year;
Ban worst toxic chemicals and reduce greenhouse gases;
Service:
Mobilize millions of Americans to national service;
3
Culture:
America 2000 celebration of culture and the arts.
World leadership:
Undivided democratic Europe:
Expand NATO by 1999, strengthen NATO's Partnership for Peace;
Asian Pacific community:
Together with South Korea, advance peace talks with North Korea;
Call on Congress to fund our share of agreement under which North Korea must
freeze and dismantle nuclear weapons program;
Pursue deeper dialogue with China (invited China's President to come here);
Global economy/trade:
Expand exports, especially to Asia and Latin America (need authority to conclude
new trade agreements);
Will visit Latin America in the spring;
New security threats:
Ratify Chemical Weapons Convention;
Military strength/tools:
Increase funding for weapons modernization by year 2000, take care of men and
women in uniform;
Pay our debts and dues to international financial institutions like the World Bank,
and to a reforming United Nations.
One America:
No specifies.
Race Initiation
4
THE WHITE HOUSE
WASHINGTON
August 11, 1997
MEMORANDUM FOR STRATEGY TEAM
FROM ERSKINE BOWLES AND SYLVIA MATHEWS
SUBJECT:
Follow-up to Friday's Strategic Meeting
As a follow-up to last Friday's meeting, this memo details the assignments and their deadlines.
A template is attached for you to use as you develop the assigned pillars. On Wednesday, a
memo with your assigned pillar(s) will be due to Andrew Mayock by 5 p.m. On Thursday and
Friday, Erskine will hold meetings to discuss the paper that has been produced and next week
will be spent refining that paper. During the week of August 25th, Erskine and Sylvia will use
the pillars as the foundation of a memo that we will send to the President on August 29th: When
the President returns, we will meet with him to discuss the different choices among pillars and in
some cases, within a single pillar.
PILLARS
1.
Education - Reed, Sperling
2.
Renewing our Cities (including sustainable development), Welfare, Underclass -
Sperling, Reed, Klain
3.
Environmental Protection - McGinty, Sperling, Gibbons
4.
Crime/Drugs/Prisons (including perhaps, the future of young men) - Reed
5.
Renewal of Family (issues like child care, balance of time, divorce, adoption, the media,
family medical leave) - Verveer, Echaveste, Reed
6.
Children - Sperling, Reed, Verveer, Echaveste
7.
Racial Reconciliation (including civil rights enforcement, immigration, the judicial
system) - Echaveste
8.
International Economic Leadership - Tarullo, Summers, Sperling
9.
Savings/Entitlement Reform - Sperling, Summers
10.
American Leadership Abroad (including peace, defense structure, democracy) - Berger,
Steinberg
11.
Science/Technology (including reinvigorating the R/D budget, medical sciences, medical
ethics) - Gibbons, Podesta, Gips, Sperling
12.
Rego/Effectiveness of Government (like eliminating errors in Medicare or EITC) - Stone
13.
Gifts to the Future (rebuilding our schools, the Millennium, museums, culture) - Verveer
14.
Health Care/Improving Health Status (vaccination efforts, smoking reduction, adding
years to the life span, decreasing suffering of elderly and sick, medical science
improvement, more insured) - Jennings, Reed
Note: OMB and CEA will be a part of many of these issues.
There were a number of other ideas that came out of our brainstorming session. However, as the
group tried to create a manageable number to produce detailed paper on, some items came off the
primary list. The topics not included:
- Making Markets Work (negative ramifications of the modern economy, growing power
of the corporation, new transactions, improving the framework of competition)
- Culture
- President as Teacher
- New Ethics
- Service
To help in this process, we have also attached documents that list Administration initiatives for
the year 2000 and our State of the Union goals. Also, a sample and a blank template are attached
so that each pillar can be summarized in a way that can be compared to others. The President
will, of course, want back up memoranda describing each area summarized in the template. As
you fill in the elements of your pillars, please include policies that are already being pursued.
Andrew Mayock will e-mail the template to your office. If you have any questions, his number
is 6 - 7492.
Once again, your assignments are due no later than 5 p.m. on Wednesday. The paper will be
distributed for meetings that will be held on Thursday and Friday. Andrew will let you know in
which meeting times your topic will be discussed.
Attachments: Clinton Administration Initiatives for the Year 2000
1997 State of the Union - Policies Announced
Sample Chart on Education Pillar
Template Pillar Chart (also will be provided electronically)
PROCESS. WPD
Page 1
Education
Legislative Process
1. Teacher Recruitment and Preparation -- Title V of the Higher Education Act (Lead
Responsbility)
2. Higher Education Act Reauthorization (participate with NEC and ED)
3. America Reads Initiative (participate with NEC/ED/CNCS)
4. Turn around failing schools -- (Lead Responsibility)
5. Vocational/Adult Education Reauthorization (participate with OMB/NEC/ED)
Non-Legislative Processes
1. National Testing Initiative (Lead Responsibility)
state sign-up
city sign-up
constituency outreach
test development
appropriations
other standards-related issues
status
9
2. Development of Interagency Math Strategy Lead Responsibility, with OSTP/ED/NSF)
3. Urban Education/Race initiative (Lead Responsibility)
4. Hispanic Initiative (participate with NEC)
5. Charter Schools (lead responsibility)
6. National Board for Professional Teaching Standards (lead responsibility)
PILLAR. 1
Page 1
Building Blocks
Description
Timeline
Benefits
Costs/Fe
Education Standards
Ensure that states sign
on to give national tests
in 4th and 8th grades
Talented and Dedicated
Establish scholarships for
Teachers
teachers willing to teach
in underserved urban and
rural areas
Third Graders Reading
Mobilize 1 million
Independently
reading tutors through
America Reads
Early Learning
Expand Head Start
Opportunities
Public School Choice
Create 3,000 Charter
schools by next century
School Construction
Pass $5 billion to help
communities finance $20
billion in construction
over 4 years
Safe and Drug-Free
Schools
Higher Education Access
HOPE Scholarships
Tax Deduction
Pell Grant increase
Training
Pass G.I. bill for
America's Workers
Education Technology
Connect every classroom
and library to the Internet
by 2000
William R. Kincaid
08/12/97 09:45:30 PM
Record Type:
Record
To:
Elena Kagan/OPD/EOP
CC:
Laura Emmett/WHO/EOP, Tanya E. Martin/OPD/EOP
Subject: Towering Pillar of Education
EDPILLAR.5
Attached is a partial draft for the education pillar. Tanya and I met with Jon Kaplan this afternoon, and,
as you will see, towards the bottom there are holes for several items that NEC plans to submit as
"building blocks." We should have them in the morning and will pass them along as soon as we do (Bob
Shireman was going to do several and fax them in). Some things I want to highlight:
I. Mike was out all day and at a ballgame tonight, so this represents zero input from him. We did get him
the documents you handed out this morning.
2. Kaplan mentioned that one of the building blocks that Gene wanted was "2 years of preschool
universal." I want to make sure that this meshes with whatever you and the others working on early
childhood/childcare for DPC have in mind.
3. There are two items here that haven't been much vetted, or vetted at all, internally --a) the
Urban/Fixing Failing Schools entry (talked a lot about conceptually, but not sure how much you have seen
on this and struggled with how to deal with both Obey funds and FY 99 initiative that ED is developing),
and b) the Safe and Drug Free schools one. ED is.considering proposing to put a big chunk of the money
for the program into state-level competitions (now its basically formula), and perhaps directing more of
the money to safety. I'll show to Leeanne/Jose in the a.m., and see what they think.
4. So far there is nothing on school construction, and don't know if we will get from NEC.
Thanks.
Bill
EDUCATION PILLAR
BUILDING
DESCRIPTION
TIMELINE
BENEFITS
COSTS/FEASIBILITY
POLITICAL RAMIFICATIONS
BLOCKS OF
PILLAR
Education
30-40+ states
18 months
Raises expectations and achievement
National tests will cost $16 million
Has strong bipartisan element.
Standards
signed up for
for all students in U.S. elementary
per year to develop and $100 million
national tests in
and secondary schools, especially
per year to administer
Will require hard work to maintain
4th grade reading
low income students
support within the minority
and 8th grade math
$620 million requested for Goals
community.
by 1999
Helps states and school districts hold
2000 in FY 98 budget
schools accountable for performance
Tests piloted in
18 months
In addition to the America Reads
1998 and ready for
initiative (below), additional
nationwide use in
investments in reading and math
Spring 1999
materials, professional development
and public information will be
National
6 months
needed.
Partnerships
for improving
reading and math
achievement
launched
by early 1998
49 States (all but
Iowa) developing
common academic
standards for their
State level reforms driven and
students
supported by Goals 2000 and the
Improving America's Schools Act,
enacted in 1994
EDUCATION PILLAR
Talented and
Recruit and
5 years
Bring outstanding new teachers
$350 million over five years to
Has bipartisan elements; recruitment
Dedicated
prepare 10% of
(including minorities) into schools
support proposed Title V of Higher
initiative has strong appeal to urban
Teachers
the new teachers
with the greatest need; provide
Education Act for teacher recruitment
constituency.
needed in high
mentorship to new teachers
and strengthening teacher
poverty urban and
preparation.
rural schools
Provide models and support for
improvements in higher education to
strengthen teacher preparation
Enable 100,000
2006
Enable every school to have at least
$105 million over five years in the
teachers to seek
one master teacher who can help lead
balanced budget to develop content
national
improvements in the school and
area assessments and provide access
certification as
support teacher development
to certification process for 100,000
master teachers
teachers.
Increase the
Host
number of
roundtable
Facilitates the removal of
states/districts with
discussion on
incompetent teachers from the
Strong public support for getting
programs to
effective local
classroom and increases public
tough on failing teachers.
address
efforts in Fall
confidence in public schools
persistently failing
1997
Teacher organizations in favor of
teachers
peer review, but may feel alienated
by strong emphasis on failing
teachers.
EDUCATION PILLAR
Public School
Create 3,000 high-
2001
Provides parents with options;
$100 million appropriation for
Has strong bi-partisan support.
Choice
quality,
increases accountability
charter schools program in FY 1998
accountable
would support up to 1,100 schools.
Some in education organizations and
charter schools (up
Stimulates and informs improvement
minority community are wary or
from 1 in 1992)
of all schools
Requires state legislative strategy.
opposed.
1998
Increase the
Intervention strategy for low
Requires sustained attention to
number of states
performing schools
ensure that schools are truly public
with charter
and accountable for results.
legislation to 35
Increases public awareness of
choices available within the public
school system; decreases calls for
vouchers
Fixing Failing
Ensure urban
5 years
Low performing schools
$320 million competitive grant
Potential for bipartisan support if it
Schools /
districts develop
reconstituted using proven school
program for 10-15 districts to fix
has a strong emphasis on
Urban
and implement
improvement models
failing schools, improve management
accountability; urban constituencies
Education
effective strategies
and strengthen school leadership.
espcially supportive.
Reform
for identifying and
Better use of resources by urban
Initiative
fixing failing
school sytems and more choice for
Potential for using Obey whole
schools, plus
parents
school reform funds in FY 98
improving
Appropriations bill to partially
management
Restore public confidence in urban
accomplish
systems,
public school systems
developing school
Must require real change in school
leadership, and
climate/district management or risk
widening school
being viewed as subsidy for
choice
mismanaged districts
EDUCATION PILLAR
After School
Expand schools'
1-2 years
Increases safety and reduces risk --
$50 million requested in FY 1998
Some bipartisan support.
Learning
capacity to address
youth are most at risk of committing
budget; House committee
Centers /
education needs by
violence or being victims between 3
appropriated $50 million but only $1
Public identifies this as key
Community
creating 500-1000
and 6 pm
million in the Senate.
unaddressed education need.
Schools
new after-school
programs
Provides students with safe
neighborhood learning centers to do
homework and obtain tutoring and
mentoring
Provides parents with safe,
educational programs for children
during working hours
School-to-
All 50 states
Provides more than half a million
State systems encouraged and
Bipartisan support, including
Work
creating
high school students with
supported by School-to-Work
business community; currently under
comprehensive
opportunities for work-based
Opportunities Act of 1994; $400
attack by far-right groups.
school-to-career
learning connected to high standards,
million requested for FY 98
systems
preparing them for careers and
further learning
Safe and Drug-
Ensure that federal
18 months
Reduces funds going to popular but
Department of Education reviewing
Likely strong public support for
Free Schools
funds support state
ineffective interventions, increasing
options for overhauling existing
serious efforts to address problems.
and school district
the number of kids free from violence
program
investments in
and drugs
Local districts likely to resist changes
effective safety and
requiring more competion for funds
substance abuse
Will provide more models of
or greater emphasis on results
prevention efforts
programs that work for kids
Conservatives could treat as excuse
to attack administration programs
and efforts
EDUCATION PILLAR
Reading
[NEC to provide]
Early Learning
[NEC to provide]
Opportunties
[NEC to provide]
Higher
Education
Education
[NEC to provide]
Teachnology
Training
[NEC to provide]