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Withdrawal/Redaction Sheet
Clinton Library
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001. memo
Memo re: Memorial Service for Governor Lawton Chiles (partial) (1
01/27/1999
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page)
COLLECTION:
Clinton Presidential Records
Domestic Policy Council
Eric Morse (Events)
OA/Box Number: 21192
FOLDER TITLE:
Pediatric AIDs - 1/28/1999
2011-0619-S
rc304
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RR. Document will be reviewed upon request.
January 27, 1999
ELIZABETH GLASER PEDIATRIC AIDS SCIENTIST AWARDS
DATE:
Thursday, January 28
TIME:
9:55 am - 10:35 am
LOCATION:
National Press Club
Washington, D.C.
FROM:
Brenda Costello and
Natasha McMahan
I.
PURPOSE
To deliver remarks honoring the 1999 Elizabeth Glaser Scientist Award recipients, and to
announce Graduate Medical Educational funding for Children's Hospitals.
II.
BACKGROUND
Overview
On Thursday morning, the Elizabeth Glaser Pediatric AIDS Foundation will hold its annual
Awards Ceremony to name the 1999 recipients of the Elizabeth Glaser Scientists Awards.
The Elizabeth Glaser Pediatric AIDS Foundation will honor four of America's best and
brightest researchers with the 1999 Elizabeth Glaser Scientist Award for their innovative,
collaborative and cutting-edge research in pediatric HIV/AIDS. This event will also
highlight Elizabeth Glaser Pediatric AIDS Foundation's 10th Anniversary and its theme,
"A Decade of Progress, A Decade of Promise."
The Elizabeth Glaser Pediatric AIDS Foundation is dedicated to educating and enlightening
people on how difficult it is to be a child living with HIV/AIDS. In addition, Thursday's
event will highlight the need to promote innovative and collaborative research, the impact
of the Foundation's research on Pediatric HIV/AIDS, and the meaning of the Pediatric
AIDS Scientist award. The audience for this event will be comprised of approximately 75
members of the scientific community, as well as staff and friends of the Foundation.
Announcement of Graduate Medical Education Funding for Children's Hospitals. You
will also announce the proposal in the President's fiscal year 2000 budget to create a new
$40 million grant program to provide federal financing for graduate medical education
(GME) for freestanding children's hospitals. Children's hospitals would be paid on a per
resident basis to support the costs of graduate medical education. As you know, the 53
freestanding children's hospitals across the country are in desperate need of this funding.
While other teaching hospitals receive support for their training and research costs through
Medicare, children's hospitals receive very little Medicare funding; teaching hospitals
receive an average of $76,000 in federal GME funding per resident, while children's
hospitals receive an average of $400 per resident. In addition, while some states have
funded GME through Medicaid, most of those programs are ending as more states move
to Medicaid managed care programs. This proposal is designed to address the current
inequity.
The proposal is similar to bills offered last year by Senators Kennedy, Bob Kerrey, Bond,
Durbin, DeWine, and Moynihan, and Representatives Sherrod Brown, Nancy Johnson, and
Greenwood. We have invited those Members as well as Representatives Stark, Dingell,
and Moakley - who have strongly supported this initiative to attend this announcement.
The Elizabeth Glaser Scientist Awards
Created in 1995, the Elizabeth Glaser Scientist Awards are specifically dedicated to
pediatric AIDS research, and are awarded to those who embody the characteristics of
Elizabeth Glaser's legacy of courage, commitment, and strength. Through these awards,
her vision and resolve will continue to inspire researchers to join together and bring an end
to pediatric HIV/AIDS.
Every year top scientists from the international research community are selected on the
basis of their knowledge, innovation and dedication. The total number of working
Elizabeth Glaser Scientists is now 15. Already, ground breaking work in exciting areas
such as host genetic factors, immune response to HIV infection and gene therapy has
emerged. This work has been published in 55 journal articles.
This prestigious award is the only named research award developed specifically and
exclusively for work in pediatric HIV/AIDS and will be presented by you to Robert Doms-
M.D., Ph.D., University of Pennsylvania; Paul Johnson-M.D., Harvard Medical School;
Philip Goulder-M.R.C.P., D. Phil., Massachusetts General Hospital; and Julie Overbaugh-
Ph.D., Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle. Each scientist will receive
approximately $700,000 for five years of research dedicated to treatment and prevention
of pediatrics HIV/AIDS.
Although the majority of PAF's funds go directly to research, the organization continues
to fund emergency assistance in hospitals around the country that serve children with
HIV/AIDS, parent education programs, and a student intern program that encourages
promising students to enter the field of pediatric AIDS research.
Note: As you may recall, you served as Honorary chair and gave remarks at the Pediatric
AIDS Foundation's 2nd Annual "Kids for Kids" event in September 1994, and in May 1995
you hosted an event at the White House for their public service announcement campaign
encouraging pregnant women to request a voluntary HIV test as part of their routine
prenatal care. Also, in December, 1997, you delivered remarks at the Pediatric AIDS
Foundation's 1997 World AIDS Day Event and were presented, with the first
"Commitment to Children Award."
Elizabeth Glaser Pediatric AIDS Foundation
The Pediatric AIDS Foundation was co-founded in 1988 by Elizabeth Glaser, Susan
DeLaurentis and Susie Zeegan. These three friends were compelled to take action when
Elizabeth discovered that she, her daughter Ariel and her son Jake were all HIV-infected.
As you know, Elizabeth Glaser lost her battle against AIDS in December 1994. On
December 1, 1997, Pediatric AIDS Foundation officially changed its name to "The Elizabeth
Glaser Pediatric AIDS Foundation," as a way of reaffirming the vision, passion and
dedication Elizabeth Glaser inspired in cofounding PAF.
Today, The Elizabeth Glaser Pediatric AIDS Foundation is the leading national non-profit
organization dedicated to identifying, funding and conducting basic pediatric AIDS
research. Through the work of the Foundation, there is now an entire research community
focused on pediatric HIV/AIDS so that children are no longer forgotten. The Foundation
has raised more than $60 million to fund research as well as to develop programs that
educate, raise awareness and promote compassion. In October, 1996, PAF Co-founder and
CEO Susan DeLaurentis was invited to serve on the Office of AIDS Research Advisory
Council at NIH for a two year term.
Top Issues for PAF and AIDS Community
The issue of pediatric uses of new drugs (especially protease inhibitors) has been an
ongoing project and of highest priority with the Foundation. On November 27,
1998, the Federal Food and Drug Administration (FDA) released final regulations
outlining its authority to require pharmaceutical manufacturers to study their
products for safety and effectiveness for use by children. The Foundation
relentlessly pressed the FDA for such regulations and with the help of the President,
You, and Vice President Gore, these regulations are now a reality. [Press Release,
November 27, 1998-FDA]
The Public Health Service Guidelines routine counseling and offering of HIV testing
to all pregnant women have been broadly accepted, although PAF is opposed to
mandatory testing of women or newborns. There was some controversy over the
fact that pregnant women are the only group being urged to use monotherapy (AZT
alone) while other groups are using combination therapy. The Administration
recognizes the need to push for research for pregnant women, and NIH is
supporting clinical trials now in this area.
Needle exchange programs (NEPs) have also been a top agenda item for the AIDS
community.
HIV/AIDS: Women and Children
HIV prevalence among women tested in STD clinics varies geographically in a
pattern that reflects the prevalence rates among injecting drug users (IDUs). From
1996 to 1997, AIDS incidence and deaths declined 8% and 32%, respectively, among
women. From 1996 to 1997, the number of children (under 13 years of age) who
were diagnosed with AIDS declined 40%, principally reflecting the continued
success of efforts to reduce perinatal transmission through promoting voluntary
HIV testing and zidovudine therapy for pregnant HIV-infected women and their
infants. Youth aged 13 through 24 years accounted for 4% of AIDS cases reported
during the 1-year period from July 1997 through June 1998. They accounted for 15%
of HIV infection cases reported during the same period. [CDC, 12/28/98]
As reported in an article in the February 28, 1997 issue of Morbidity and Mortality
Weekly Report (MMWR), AIDS related deaths in the U.S. declined 12 percent in the
first six months of 1996 compared with the same time period in 1995. However,
AIDS deaths were up among women (3%) and heterosexuals (3%). There is no
children-specific data in this report.
By 2000, the World Health Organization estimates that 5 to 10 million children will
have been infected with HIV, and another 5 to 10 million will have been orphaned
by the death of their parents to HIV. [NIH Fact Sheet, 2/97]
Virtually all cases of pediatric AIDS in the U.S. are now caused by perinatal
transmission. The vast majority of those are either directly or indirectly linked to
drug use. [CDC, 12/28/98]
Administration Action on HIV/AIDS and Pediatric AIDS
December 1, 1998, the President, commemorating World AIDS Day, launched a
series of new initiatives to address the growing crisis of children orphaned by AIDS.
It was announced that there would be a 12% increase in funding by the National
Institutes of Health for AIDS research, prevention and care by over 30 percent in
1999 alone. NIH dedicated $200 million in vaccine research in Fiscal Year 1999, a
$47 million increase from FY 1998 and an 100% increase since FY 1995. [World AIDS
Day 1998]
Accelerated the approval of AIDS drugs to record times. Between 1993 and 1997,
the FDA approved 16 new AIDS drugs and two new diagnostic tests.
Strengthened and focused the Office of AIDS Research at NIH, giving it the
authority to plan and implement the AIDS research agenda.
Created the Office of National AIDS Policy at the White House to direct Federal
AIDS Policy.
Increased funding for the Ryan White CARE Act--a historic $262 million increase-
providing for primary HIV health services, treatments, and training for health care
professionals HIV treatment guidelines. [Protecting America's Health, Increasing
Funding for HIV/AIDS, 10/28/98]
In 1997, NIH reported it was spending $165.8 million for pediatric research on AIDS,
including $69.5 million for pediatric trials.
NIH sponsored research which determined that the use of AZT by HIV-positive
pregnant women and their newborns can reduce the risk of perinatal transmission
by two-thirds.
On Feb. 21, 1997, NIH awarded $32 million to pediatric AIDS clinical trials -
awarding 23 four-year grants.
Increased attention on the impact of HIV infection on U.S. women. The National
Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases at NIH began the Women's Interagency
HIV Study (WIHS).
The Centers for Disease Control continues to work with the Pediatric AIDS
Foundation to distribute their PSA's on the need for women to learn their HIV
status. (As you know, you helped kick off this campaign in 1995.)
Format
Thursday's program will open with remarks and a welcome from Kate Carr, Chief
Executive Officer, Elizabeth Glaser Pediatric AIDS Foundation. As you may recall, Kate
served in the White House as a Special Assistant to the President in the Office of Public
Liaison, and more recently as the Chief Operating Officer of The Welfare to Work
Partnership, before joining the Foundation.
Kate will introduce Susie Zeegan, Co-Founder of Elizabeth Glaser Pediatric AIDS
Foundation, who will make remarks and introduce Mary Fisher, Founder of Family AIDS
Network. Mary Fisher will introduce Paul Glaser, Chairman of Board of Elizabeth Glaser
Pediatric AIDS Foundation, who will introduce you. You will deliver your remarks from
the podium and will present scientists with awards. The meet and greet will take place
prior to the Award Ceremony.
III.
PARTICIPANTS
Meet and Greet
-The First Lady
-Dr. Robert Doms, Award Recipient and Spouse
-Dr. Paul Johnson, Award Recipient and Spouse
-Dr. Philip Goulder, Award Recipient and Spouse
-Dr. Julie Overbaugh, Award Recipient
-Paul Glaser, Chairman of the Board, Elizabeth Glaser Pediatric AIDS Foundation
-Larry Lipman, President, National Press Club
-Kate Carr, Chief Executive Officer, Elizabeth Glaser Pediatric AIDS Foundation
-Susie Zeegan, Co-Founder, Elizabeth Glaser Pediatric AIDS Foundation
-Janis Spire, Executive Director, Elizabeth Glaser Pediatric AIDS Foundation
Program
-The First Lady
-Kate Carr, CEO, Elizabeth Glaser Pediatric AIDS Foundation
-Susie Zeegan, Co-Founder, Elizabeth Glaser Pediatric AIDS Foundation
-Mary Fisher, Founder, Family AIDS Network
-Paul Glaser, Chairman of the Board, Elizabeth Glaser Pediatric AIDS Foundation
IV.
SEQUENCE OF EVENTS
--- Meet and Greet
Kate Carr, CEO, Elizabeth Glaser Pediatric AIDS Foundation makes welcoming
remarks and introduces Susie Zeegan, Co-Founder, Elizabeth Glaser Pediatric AIDS
Foundation.
Susan Zeegan makes brief remarks and introduces Mary Fisher, Founder, Family
AIDS Network.
Mary Fisher makes brief remarks and introduces Paul Glaser, Chairman of the
Board, Elizabeth Glaser Pediatric AIDS Foundation.
Paul Glaser makes brief remarks and introduces the First Lady.
The First Lady make remarks and present the awardees with the awards.
Paul Glaser thanks the First Lady and the First Lady departs.
V.
PRESS
Open press/WH Photo.
VI.
REMARKS
Provided by Christy Macy.
Jan-22-99
17:40
THE ELIZABETH GLASER SCIENTISTS AWARDS
>
> 1999 HONOREES - PROFILES AND INTERVIEWS
>
>
>
>
ROBERT DOMS, M.D., Ph. D.
University of Pennsylvania
Associate Professor, Pathology and Laboratory Medicine
>
Area of Investigation: Study the role of chemokine receptors in HIV
infection.
V
Background: In 1996, Dr. Doms led one of five groups that independently
>identified the chemokine receptor CCR5 as playing a critical role in the
>entry of the most common types of HIV into cells. Working with colleagues
>in Belgium, he subsequently found a polymorphism in the CCR5 gene that
>renders approximately one percent of Caucasians CCR5 negative - explaining
>why some people remain HIV-negative despite repcated exposure to the
>virus. The Elizabeth Glaser Scientist Award will help Dr. Doms continue
>his studies on HIV pathogensis in the pediatric population.
>
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
>
1. How would you explain the significance of your work to a layperson?
My team and T are focused on chemokine receptors - specialized proteins that function at
the surface of cells and allow molecules to trigger internal cell processes without actually
entering the cell - as tools to understand how the virus works and come up with new
therapeutic strategies. If we can stop the virus from getting into the cells,
obviously, we can stop the infection -- that is the point of vaccines.
>
For HIV to get into a cell it has to do a couple of things, starting with latching on to the
outside of the cell by binding to the CD4 molecule which is found on the surface of cells
found in the immune system. It then has to get inside the cell through a process called
Jan-22-99
17:40
membrane fusion. It had been known for some time that CD4 by itself was enough for
the virus to latch on to the cell, but was not enough for it to get inside the cell - the virus
needed something else to get into cells, and this 'something else' eluded discovery for
over a decade. However, in 1996, a molecule or co-receptor called CXCR4 was
discovered. In conjunction with CD4, CXCR4 that allows the virus to get into the cell to
start an infection. Interestingly, it was also discovered that CXCR4 worked for some
types of HIV but not others. Specifically, it was clear that CXCR4 didn't work for M-
tropic viruses, the most common kinds of viruses that infect children and adults.
Therefore, it was important
to find the co-receptor that worked for M-tropic viruses because then we can understand
how these viruses get into cells and we could find new ways to block it.
>
In 1996, we found that the CCR5 molecule that holds the key for entry of these M-tropic
viruses into cells. Then, continuing our work with Marc Parmentier and his colleagues in
Belgium, we discovered that one- percent of Caucasians naturally lack CCR5 because of
a naturally occurring mutation in the gene. Those individuals who lack CCR5 are highly
resistant to HIV infection but are otherwise normal. The goal was then to come up with
some kind of strategy to stop the virus from using CCR5 -- to develop an anti-viral drug.
>
2. How will your research under the Foundation grant be implemented in the
pediatric HIV/AIDS population?
We now know that viruses throughout the world use CCR5.
That suggests a commonality that allows them to recognize the CCR5 molecule. Just this
past summer it was discovered that gp120, the protein that coats the outside of HIV, has a
very highly conserved region that interacts with CCR5.
We have discovered a way to trick the virus to expose this conserved region and hope to
accomplish one of two things: make antibodies to this region and to then come up with
new vaccines that target this region. Secondly, we want to expose the region and come
up with drugs that will bind to this area and prevent HIV from using the CCR5 reccptor.
Another component of our work will attempt to explain some of the differences in
clinical symptoms in people with HIV on the basis of the kinds of co-receptors used by
the viruses. We have been able to make antibodies to many of these receptors and we
want to find out where these receptors are expressed in both children and adults. This
will give us a clue as to which types of cells might potentially be infectable by different
types of viruses. It may also help us explain some differences between pediatric and
adult AIDS.
>
Jan-22-99 17:40
3. What does funding from a Foundation such as ours mean to your creativity as a
scientist?
Historically, the system for getting grants almost forces people to be scientifically safe
because they are worried that if they propose something too unique, too risky, they
simply won't get funded. Funding from a private Foundation enables you to take more
risky and creative approaches to new and interesting avenues of research. When you get
funding from the Pediatric AIDS Foundation, it is a very substantive grant that allows
you to move your research into new and challenging directions.
4. What does it mean to be an Elizabeth Glaser Scientist?
I remember hearing Elizabeth Glaser speak in 1992 at the Convention. It is quite an
honor to receive an award named after her. When you ask yourself what you can do as a
person to make a difference - you look to her example as really showing the way. She
demonstrated how one individual can make a positive difference.
5. We have come so far in the past decade, what does the next decade of
>progress on pediatric HIV/AIDS research look like?
We are making progress and things are much more promising than they have been. There
are some effective drug therapies helping a lot of people - but people can develop
resistance and the drugs are just too expensive. In Uganda, there are about a million
HIV-positive individuals, but only very few can afford the triple-drug cocktail. We
clearly need new thcrapeutic strategies.
>
Through basic research we are beginning 10 unravel this very complicated virus. I think
we will develop new drugs to target the virus or the chemokine receptors. Obviously,
what we really need is a vaccine, but that is going to be a slow and complex process
because this virus changes its spots so readily. I think in the next decade there will be
more progress in developing drugs to help knock this virus down, but we have to keep
working on new ways to come up with a vaccine. New approaches, such as the conserved
region approach, are exactly the kind of new investigative angles we need on the vaccine
front.
Jan-22-99
THE ELIZABETH GLASER SCIENTISTS AWARDS
» 1999 HONOREES . PROFILES AND INTERVIEWS
Philip Goulder, M.D., Ph.D.
Instructor in Medicine
»
Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston
»
» Area of Investigation: HIV-infccted children progress to disease more
>>rapidly than adults. One possible explanation is that the immune response
>>to HIV is defective in children. This study aims to investigate the cells
>>normally responsible for eliminating virus infections known as Cytotoxic
>>"killer" T-lymphocytes.
» Background: Dr. Goulder began his investigative career at Oxford where
>>he developed a number of techniques to examine immune function in HIV-1
>>infected children, which is his main area of focus. His experience as
>>a pediatrician and the novel technologies he has developed place him in
>>a unique position to define the role of immune responses in children
>>infected with the virus and will impact our understanding of HIV
>>pathogenesis and the prospects for immunotherapy.
»
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
» 1. How would you explain the significance of your work to a layperson?
Our ultimate goal is to develop a vaccine designed especially for children. We
know that HIV-infected children progress to disease more quickly than adults. We also
believe that the cells normally responsible for eliminating virus infections, known as
Cytotoxic "killer" T-lymphocytes (CTL) play a central role in controlling HIV in
adult infection. One possible explanation for the rapid progression
generally seen in HIV-infected children is that their "killer" T-cell
response is defective in some way. Recent advances in the technology
available have allowed us the opportunity for the first time to make a
detailed study of the "killer" T cell response in children. The long-term
Jan-22-99
goal is to identify components of the immune response that are important in protecting
against HIV disease, and which may ultimately be important to vaccine design.
»
2. How will your research under the Foundation grant be implemented in
>>the pediatric HIV/AIDS population?
»
We are already studying HIV-infected children here in North America, and we
will continue with these studies. However, the global epidemic is
concentrated elsewhere, and much of our research effort will focus on
HIV-infected mothers and children in South Africa. Over one-third of the
Zulu mothers in Durban, South Africa, where our collaborations are
centered, are HIV-infected. One other important reason for directing our
research effort towards this region is that the commonest strain of HIV
worldwide ('clade C') is infecting this South African population, and this
is likely to be relevant for vaccine design.
»
3. What does funding from a Foundation such as ours mean to your
>>creativity as a scientist?
Five years of funding provides the stability and support for ambitious and important
projects to be planned and carried out. For a pediatrician who research focuses on
pediatric HIV the PAF has international recognition and the close association with it
can only be helpful in developing collaborations and setting up studies
with people whose priorities and goals overlap with those of the PAF.
»
4. What does it mean to be an Elizabeth Glaser Scientist?
It is a great honor to be bracketed with the other EG Scientists, who are clearly
highly creative and talented individuals. The Pediatric AIDS Foundation
deservedly has a reputation for practicing scientific research the way it
should be done - that is, in truly collaborative way, so that rapid
progress may to be made towards eliminating HIV. I believe that this
"team" approach is the right approach and I am very excited to be joining a team whose
priorities and research interests overlap so much with my own.
»
5. This year marks the Foundation's 10th Anniversary. We have come so
>>far in the past decade, what might the next decade of progress on
Jan-22-99 17:41
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>>pediatric HIV/AIDS research look like?
I would hope the next decade will put us squarely on the path toward developing a
vaccine for HIV - for children as well as adults. Ultimately, a vaccine is our only real
hope
for impacting this disease. While implementation of a successful vaccine
is years away, if we wait to develop HIV vaccines for children until after
they are proven effective for adults, we will losc millions of children
to this pandemic.
Jan-22-99
THE ELIZABETH GLASER SCIENTISTS AWARDS
1999 HONOREES - PROFILES AND INTERVIEWS
PAUL JOHNSON, M.D.
HARVARD MEDICAL SCHOOL
Associate Professor of Medicine,
Chairman of the Immunology Division,
Partners AIDS Research Center
Harvard Medical School.
Area of Investigation: CD4+ T helper Cell Function in Macaques
to combat SIV infection in Pediatric patients.
CD4+T lymphocytes play a central role in the war between the AIDS virus
and the body's immune system.
Background: Dr. Johnson has focused on analysis of HIV-specific cytotoxic
T lymphocytes (CTL), research that has established him as a leading
investigator in the field of cellular immunology. Since being appointed as
Chairman of the Division of Immunology in 1994, Dr. Johnson has led a
successful research program focused on immunology related to AIDS
pathogenesis and vaccine development. More recent research has analyzed T
cell turnover in SIV infection and the development of gene therapy for
AIDS.
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
1. How would you explain the significance of your work to a layperson?
I am trying to better understand the role that CD4+T cells play in
helping children to fight off HIV infection. CD4 cells are the major cells
responsible both for fighting off infection and also the main target that
HIV infects and destroys. By studying monkeys infected with a closely
related
AIDS virus, I hope to understand both how quickly CD4+ T-cells are killed and
regenerated and also understand how they recognize the AIDS virus. This information
should help us could restore those critical immune responses via either treatment with
anti-retroviral therapy, immunization or a combination of the two.
2. How will your research under the Foundation grant be implemented in
the pediatric HIV/AIDS population?
The hope is that our research with Macaques could help us to design an approach to help
boost the immune response against HIV in HIV-infected children. If this is successful, it
would help us design techniques for therapeutic immunization - - meaning
that it might allow their immune system to better contain the virus
Jan-22-99 17:41
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replication, either as a supplement to antiviral therapy or if the
antiviral therapy fails for some reason, allow them to better contain
viral replication without drugs.
3. What does funding from a Foundation such as ours mean to your
creativity as a scientist?
What's really unique about the Foundation is the group of scientists that are affiliated
with it? The chance to interact with the outstanding group of Glaser scientists is an
exceptional opportunity. The ability to contrast results and share ideas at the conferences
that the Foundation sponsors is very exciting. because that degree of focus and level of
interaction is quite unique.
4. What does it mean to be an Elizabeth Glaser Scientist?
It's a tremendous honor and responsibility. I've heard so much about Elizabeth
over the years and besides the scientific opportunity, it is simply a
personal honor for me.
5. This year marks the Foundation's 10th Anniversary. We have come so
far in the past decade, what might the next decade of progress on
pediatric HIV/AIDS research look like?.
I would hope the research over the next decade would help us to better understand how
we can rebuild the immune system of people infected with the AIDS virus We have now
a number of scientific tools at our disposal and the challenge will be to see how we use
those tools to rebuild the immune system to lead to prolonged gains in the health of HIV-
infected kids.
THE ELIZABETH GLASER SCIENTISTS AWARDS
1999 HONOREES - PROFILES AND INTERVIEWS
JULIE OVERBAUGH, Ph. D.
Full Member, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center
Seattle
Area of Investigation: Leading an effort to study how HIV virus is transmitted through
breast feeding by using a collection of samples from a recently completed clinical trial of
breast feeding transmission of HIV in Kenya. Since 1992, Dr. Overbaugh has been a
member of the Nairobi HIV/STD Research Project, an international collaborative group
based at the University of Nairobi.
Background: In the past decade, strategies to limit HIV transmission to newborns have
been implemented in developed countries as a result of research showing the
effectiveness of treatment around the time of delivery. Moreover, in developed countries,
women infected with HIV are counseled not to breast feed, which further reduces the
infant's exposure to HIV. However, in resource-poor settings, many continue not to have
access to adequate health care, including new drugs that can prevent their babies from
acquiring HIV. In these situations, breast feeding is also more common. Dr. Overbaugh
is pursuing studies that are designed LO help devise ways to further reduce HIV
transmission to infants, including during breast feeding.
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
1. How would you explain the significance of your work to a layperson?
I am part of a large, collaborative research team that is conducting a clinical trial that is
designed to determine how and when breast feeding transmission occurs. The
Foundation project will build on the information we are learning from this trial try and
understand what features about the mothers' viruses make it more likely to be transmitted
to her infant. For example, how does the genetic makeup of the virus influence
transmission and is there a common genetic signature to viruses that infect infants? We
are also interosted in determining whether the amount of virus that mother has, including
virus in breast milk, increases the chances of her infant being infected? AIDS researchers
have already shown how to dccrease transmission to newborns with a short course of
AZT around the time of delivery. Now, we are trying to understand how to develop other
ways to reduce HIV transmission to children in situations where access to expensive
treatments are impractical.
Jan-22-99
2. How will your research under the Foundation grant be implemented in the
pediatric HIV/AIDS population?
One overall goal of studying breast milk transmission of HIV is to provide information to
women so that they can make more informed choices about breast feeding. From the viral
studies we hope to undertake over the next five years, we hope to understand a lot more
about viruses in breast milk so that we can begin to think about therapies more designed
to targer those viruses. Up to this point, there has been a heavy focus on HIV in the
woman's blood. Much of transmission to the infant is actually going on during delivery,
while they are in the birth canal. Or, in developing countries, a lot of infection is
occurring through breast feeding when they are exposed to the virus in breast milk. We
want to now start looking at those secretions and understand what is going on so that
people can think more about intervention to target those viruses, instead of just blood
viruses.
3. What does funding from a Foundation such as ours mean to your creativity as a
scientist?
A lot of what I see from the Glaser Foundation is not just individual creativity but a lot
of encouragement to interact and be creative as a group.
3. What does it mean to be an Elizabeth Glaser Scientist?
For those of us in the AIDS community. Elizabeth Glaser is one of the heroes who proves
that one individual, if they work hard and have a lot of personal strength, they can make
good things happen out of something that is inherently bad. I personally feel very proud
to have funding from a group that bears her name.
4. This year marks the Foundation's 10th Anniversary. We have come so far in the
past decade, what might the next decade of progress on pediatric HIV/AIDS
research look like?
I think there is a big mental shift that needs to take place (and hopefully will occur in the
next decade) -- and that is what to do in developing countries where the therapies used to
block HIV vertical transmission aren't really available? I think the next decade of AIDS
research might be trying to come up with therapeutic approaches that are affordable and
applicable in developing countries. That will be both a big political and scientific hurdle.
That is really going to be the focus in terms of a lot of rethinking on how to deal with the
problem of vertical transmission. The progress we have made in reducing vertical
transmission in some settings has given may AIDS researchers renewed enthusiasm, and
we need to continue to design better and better therapies for people who have access to
high quality health care. At the same time, the success in blocking HIV vertical
transmission should serve as a source of encouragement to try to understand how the
therapies we now have work and then figure out less costly approaches to accomplish the
same aim. We have to remember that most HIV transmission is occurring in developing
countries, and in it is this setting that we face our major challenge for halting the
worldwide devastation of HIV.
PRESIDENT CLINTON UNVEILS NEW STEPS TO ADDRESS EMERGING CRISIS OF THE UP
TO 40 MILLION CHILDREN WHO WILL BE ORPHANED BY HIV/AIDS BY 2010,
COMMEMORATES WORLD AIDS DAY
December 1, 1998
Today, President Clinton, commemorating World AIDS Day, joined Secretary of State Madeleine
Albright and U.S. Agency for International Development (USAID) Administrator Brian Atwood, to
launch a series of new initiatives to address the growing crisis of children orphaned by AIDS. The
President unveiled historic new increases at the National Institutes of Health dedicated to fund
research aimed at developing an effective AIDS vaccine and new prevention strategies to help
address the problem of HIV/AIDS throughout the world; announced new emergency funding from
USAID to support international community-based AIDS orphan programs; and directed his AIDS
policy advisor Sandra Thurman to lead a delegation to Africa to assess the growing problem of
AIDS orphans and recommend new strategies for responding. The President:
Highlighted USAIDS projection that up to 40 million children who will be orphaned by
HIV/AIDS by 2010, over 90 percent of which live in developing countries that have too few
resources to provide for their care and support. Globally, there are over 33 million people
with HIV or AIDS, with another 5.8 million becoming infected every year. As with so many
epidemics, children and young people are bearing much of the burden of AIDS. In the
United States, as many as 80,000 children have already been orphaned by AIDS.
Announced 12 percent increase this year in funding by the National Institutes of
Health on research to prevent and treat HIV around the world. The National Institutes
of Health, representing the largest single public investment in AIDS research in the world,
will support a comprehensive program of basic, clinical, and behavioral research on HIV
infection and its related illnesses. These will include:
$200 million investment in research on AIDS vaccines to prevent transmission
around the world, a thirty-three percent increase this year alone. The development
of a safe and effective AIDS vaccine is critical to stemming the growing problem of
HIV/AIDS and AIDS orphans across the world. The President announced that NIH will
dedicate $200 million in vaccine research in Fiscal Year (FY) 1999, a $47 million
increase from FY1998 and an 100 percent increase since FY1995. This investment is
critical in supporting the President's challenge to make AIDS vaccine research a
national and international priority.
$164 million for other research critical to addressing the HIV/AIDS epidemic
across the world. The President also announced that the NIH will invest $164 million,
in FY1999, a $38 million increase over last year for critical projects to reduce the
number of AIDS orphans by preventing and treating HIV/AIDS internationally, including:
a new prevention trials network to reduce adult and perinatal transmission of HIV/AIDS;
new strategies to prevent and treat HIV infection in children; funding to train more
foreign scientists to collaborate on this epidemic; research on the prevention and
treatment of the opportunistic infections, such as tuberculosis, that commonly kill people
with HIV/AIDS; and research on topical microbicides and other female-controlled barrier
methods of HIV prevention.
Unveiled $10 million in emergency relief funding at USAID to provide support for
AIDS orphans. USAID will make available $10 million in emergency funding to support
community-based efforts for orphans, including training and support for foster families,
initiatives to keep children in school, vocational training, and nutritional enhancements. In
addition, USAID will take steps to help prevent the spread of HIV from mothers to children
and to improve medical care for children already infected with HIV.
Directed AIDS Policy Advisor Sandra Thurman to lead fact-finding delegation to raise
awareness and make recommendations to address growing problem of AIDS
orphans. President Clinton asked Sandra Thurman, Director of the Office of National AIDS
Policy, to lead a fact-finding delegation to southern Africa, where 90 percent of AIDS
orphans reside. The delegation will include representatives from across the Clinton
Administration, key Congressional offices, and the national media to raise awareness about
this emerging problem and to develop recommendations for action.
Unveiled new steps to address the continued needs of those living with HIV/AIDS in
the United States. While the problem of AIDS orphans is most acute internationally, the
President also underscored that HIV/AIDS impacts and displaces families in this country as
well. The President highlighted that today the Vice President will be unveiling over $200
million in funds for the Housing Opportunities for People With AIDS program this year to
assist communities around the country to keeping individuals affected by HIV/AIDS and
their families from becoming homeless. The Vice President will announce these grants at a
meeting with local community leaders who provide housing and other support services for
people living with HIV/AIDS, as well as several individuals and families who have benefited
from their services.
Built on a solid record of achievement in HIV/AIDS. Today's announcements build on a
deep ongoing commitment by the Clinton Administration to respond to the AIDS crisis both
in the United States and across the world. The Administration has fought for other critical
investments in HIV/AIDS. This year alone, the President:
Declared HIV/AIDS in racial and ethnic minority communities to be a severe and
ongoing health care crisis and unveiled a new $156 million initiative to address this
problem, including crisis response teams, enhanced prevention efforts, and assistance
in accessing state-of-the-art therapies all targeted toward ethnic and racial minorities in
communities across the country;
Worked with Congress to secure historic increases in a wide range of effective,
HIV/AIDS programs. Increases this year alone include: a $262 million increase in the
Ryan White CARE Act; a 12 percent increase in AIDS research funding at the NIH, a
$32 million increase in HIV prevention programs at the CDC; and a $21 million increase
in the Housing Opportunities for People With AIDS program at HUD.
THE WHITE HOUSE
Office of the Press Secretary
For Immediate Release
December 1, 1998
WORLD AIDS DAY, 1998
BY THE PRESIDENT OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
A PROCLAMATION
On World AIDS Day, we are heartened by the knowledge that our
unprecedented investments in AIDS research have resulted in new
treatments that are prolonging the lives of many people living with the
disease. Thousands of scientists, health care professionals, and
patients themselves have joined together to advance our understanding
of HIV and AIDS and improve treatment options. Because of the heroic
efforts of these people, fewer and fewer Americans are losing their
lives to AIDS, and for that we are immensely thankful.
But the AIDS epidemic is far from over. Within racial and ethnic
minority communities, HIV and AIDS are a severe and ongoing crisis.
While the number of deaths in our country attributed to AIDS has
declined for 2 consecutive years, AIDS remains the leading killer of
African American men aged 25-44 and the second leading killer of
African American women in the same age group. African Americans, who
comprise only 13 percent of the U.S. population, accounted for 43
percent of new AIDS cases in 1997 and 36 percent of all AIDS cases.
Hispanic Americans represent just 10 percent of our population, but
they account for more than 20 percent of new AIDS cases; and AIDS is
also becoming a critical concern to Native American and Asian American
communities. Young people of every racial and ethnic community are
also disproportionately impacted by AIDS, both in the number of new
AIDS cases and in the number of new HIV infections. In fact, the
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention estimate that approximately
half of all new HIV infections in the United States occur in people
under age 25 and that one-quarter occur in people under age 22.
Across the world, the situation is even more grim. As with other
epidemics before it, AIDS hits hardest in areas where knowledge about
the disease is scarce and poverty is high. Of the nearly 6 million
people newly infected with HIV each year, more than 90 percent live in
the poorest nations of the world. Entire communities are threatened by
this epidemic, and the growing number of children who will lose parents
to AIDS will have a devastating impact on these societies. By the year
2010, there may be as many as 40 million children who will have been
orphaned by AIDS, and developing nations will have to struggle to deal
with the overwhelming needs of a generation of young people left withoutparents.
This year's World AIDS Day theme, "Be A Force For Change," is a
reminder that each of us has a role to play in bringing the AIDS
epidemic to an end. Our response must be comprehensive and ongoing.
It must also be a collaborative one, bringing together governments and
communities in a shared effort to expand prevention efforts, raise
awareness among young people of the risks of HIV infection and how to
avoid it, increase access to lifesaving therapies, and ensure that
those who are living with HIV and AIDS receive the care and services they need.
Developing a vaccine for HIV is perhaps our best hope of
eradicating this terrible disease and stemming the tide of pain and
desolation it has wrought. The global community has joined together in
making the development of an HIV vaccine a top international priority.
Within the next decade, we hope to have the means to stop this deadly
virus, but until we reach that day we must remain strong in our crusade
to prevent the spread of HIV and AIDS and to care for those living with
the disease. In this way we can best honor the memory of the many
loved ones we have lost to AIDS.
NOW, THEREFORE, I, WILLIAM J. CLINTON, President of the United
States of America, by virtue of the authority vested in me by the
Constitution and laws of the United States, do hereby proclaim December
1, 1998, as World AIDS Day. I invite the Governors of the States, the
Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, officials of the other territories subject
to the jurisdiction of the United States, and the American people to
join me in reaffirming our commitment to defeating HIV and AIDS. I
encourage every American to participate in appropriate commemorative
programs and ceremonies in workplaces, houses of worship, and other
community centers and to reach out to protect and educate our children
and to help and comfort all people who are living with HIV and AIDS.
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, I have hereunto set my hand this
first day of December, in the year of our Lord nineteen hundred and
ninety-eight, and of the Independence of the United States of America
the two hundred and twenty-third.
WILLIAM J. CLINTON
30-30-30
PRESIDENT CLINTON:
PROTECTING AMERICA'S HEALTH, INCREASING FUNDING FOR HIV/AIDS
October 28, 1998
"The AIDS epidemic is not over. It is a particularly severe and ongoing crisis in the African-American community and other
amunities of color. Like other epidemics before it, AIDS is hitting hardest in areas where poverty is high and education is scarce. It is
picking on the most vulnerable among us. We must do more to bury this cruel disease."
President Bill Clinton
October 28, 1998
Today, President Clinton holds a White House event, where he will declare HIV/AIDS to be a severe and ongoing health crisis in
racial and ethnic minority communities and announce a comprehensive new initiative that invests an unprecedented $156 million to
improve the nation's effectiveness in preventing and treating HIV/AIDS in the African-American, Hispanic, and other minority
communities. The President will also highlight other important investments in the fight against HIV/AIDS, and new funding for
his initiative to address racial health disparities for a range of diseases, including HIV/AIDS.
THE NEED FOR INCREASED EFFORTS To FIGHT HIV/AIDS IN MINORITY COMMUNITIES. While overall AIDS deaths have
declined for two years in a row, it remains the leading killer of African-American men age 25-44 and the second leading killer of
African-American women in the same age group. African-Americans comprise more than 40 percent of all new HIV/AIDS cases,
and African-American women make up 60 percent of female cases. Hispanics represent over 20 percent of new HIV/AIDS cases,
though they make up only 10 percent of the population. During the budget negotiations, President Clinton fought for and won
$156 million to address the urgent problem of HIV/AIDS among minorities:
A Crisis Response Team: The Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) will make available Crisis Response
Teams to a number of highly-impacted areas. These teams of public health and HIV prevention and treatment experts,
doctors, nurses, and epidemiologists, will, over the period of several weeks, help assess existing prevention and treatment
services for racial and ethnic minorities and develop innovative new strategies to best meet the needs of the community;
Enhanced HIV/AIDS Prevention Efforts In Racial And Ethnic Minority Communities: Funding will be used for
important HIV prevention purposes at the Centers for Disease Control (CDC), and to substance abuse treatment programs
for African-American and Hispanic women and their children living with or at risk for HIV/AIDS;
Reducing Disparities In Treatment And Health Outcomes For Minorities With HIV/AIDS: Studies show that
African-Americans and Hispanics are much less likes to receive care that meets federally-recommended treatment
guidelines. This new funding will help minorities get access to cutting edge HIV/AIDS drug treatments and the range of
primary health services needed to treat this disease. Funding will also be used to educate health care providers serving
largely minority populations on treatment guidelines for HIV/AIDS.
THE PRESIDENT FOUGHT FOR AND WON INCREASES IN EFFECTIVE HIV/AIDS TREATMENT, PREVENTION, AND RESEARCH
PROGRAMS. The President fought for and won substantial increases in a wide range of effective HIV/AIDS programs:
A Historic $262 Million Increase In The Ryan White Care Act providing for primary HIV health services, treatments, and
training for health care professionals HIV treatment guidelines;
A 12 percent Increase For HIV/AIDS Research At NIH to enhance both basic research to further our understanding of the
HIV virus, applied research that includes clinical testing of new HIV/AIDS pharmacological therapies, and better
protective measures for women at risk.
A PRESIDENTIAL COMMITMENT To ELIMINATE RACIAL HEALTH DISPARITIES. Minorities suffer from higher rates for a number
of critical diseases, including HIV/AIDS. Congress has taken a first step in investing in the President's proposal to address racial
health disparities, but only partially funded the President's proposed grants for communities to develop new strategies to address
these disparities and for increases in other critical public health programs.
CALLING ON CONGRESS To PASS THE UNFINISHED AGENDA FOR PEOPLE WITH HIV/AIDS. In addition, Congress failed to pass:
A Patients' Bill Of Rights that contains critical protections for people with HIV/AIDS, including, access to specialists, and
continuity of care to prevent abrupt changes in treatment when an employer changes health plans;
A Work Incentive Bill For People With Disabilities that enables people with disabilities and other disabling conditions,
such as HIV/AIDS, to go back to work by expanding options to buy into Medicaid and Medicare, as well as other pro-
work initiatives. The President will keep fighting to allow people with disabilities to get the health coverage the need to
return to work.
Withdrawal/Redaction Marker
Clinton Library
DOCUMENT NO.
SUBJECT/TITLE
DATE
RESTRICTION
AND TYPE
001. memo
Memo re: Memorial Service for Governor Lawton Chiles (partial) (1
01/27/1999
P6/b(6)
page)
COLLECTION:
Clinton Presidential Records
Domestic Policy Council
Eric Morse (Events)
OA/Box Number: 21192
FOLDER TITLE:
Pediatric AIDs - 1/28/1999
2011-0619-S
re304
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'99 JAN 27 PMS: 47
THE WHITE HOUSE
WASHINGTON
January 27, 1999
MEMORIAL SERVICE FOR GOVERNOR LAWTON CHILES
DATE:
Thursday, January 28, 1999
LOCATION: Russell Caucus Room,
Russell Senate Office Building
TIME:
11:00 AM - 12:15 PM
FROM:
Larry Stein Los
Mickey Ibarra
I.
PURPOSE
To attend the memorial service for Governor Lawton Chiles.
II.
BACKGROUND
[00 [001] 3
P6/(b)(6)
Governor Chiles, who never lost an election, served the people of Florida as an elected
official for over forty years. He served in the Florida House of Representatives from
1958 to 1966 and in the Florida Senate from 1966 to 1970. He was elected to the U.S.
Senate in 1970, where he served until 1989. He also served as Chairman of the Senate
Budget Committee. In 1990, he was elected as the Governor of Florida.
During his two terms as governor, he championed causes for his state's children and
families and was a steadfast protector of the environment. Governor Chiles served on
National Governors Association's (NGA) nine-member executive committee, and also
served as NGA's co-lead governor on Medicaid.
III.
PARTICIPANTS
Meet and Greet with Chiles Family
Tandy Chiles Barrett (daughter)
Joe Lawton Barrett (grandson)
(T) Tandy Gaye Barrett (granddaughter)
Bud Chiles (son)
Kelly Chiles (daughter-in-law)
Lawton Chiles IV (grandson)
Kati Chiles (granddaughter)
Geoffrey Chiles (grandson)
Ed Chiles (son)
Anne Chiles (daughter-in-law)
Ashley Chiles (granddaughter)
Christin Chiles (granddaughter)
Program Participants
The President
Dr. Lloyd Ogilvie, Chaplain of the Senate
Senator Bob Graham (D-FL)
Senator Connie Mack (R-FL)
Senator Pete Domenici (R-NM)
Lawton Chiles IV, Grandson
Former Senator Bennett Johnston
Carol Browner, Environmental Protection Agency
Christin Chiles, Granddaughter
Tandy Chiles Barrett, Daughter
Doug Coe
Audience
***This event is open to the public.
Chiles Family Members
Members of Congress
Former Members of Congress
Congressional Staff
Former staff to Governor Chiles
Friends of Governor Chiles and the Chiles Family
IV.
PRESS PLAN
Pool press
V.
SEQUENCE OF EVENTS
10:45am
You arrive Russell Senate Office Building and proceed to
Room 301 for Chiles Family meet and greet.
10:50am-11:00am
You greet members of the Chiles Family.
11:00am
You proceed to Russell Caucus Room.
11:00am-12:15pm
Memorial Service for Governor Lawton Chiles.
- Prelude performed by Sherwin Mackintosh.
- Welcome and Invocation by Dr. Lloyd Ogilvie, Chaplain of the
Senate.
- Senator Bob Graham makes remarks.
- Senator Connie Mack reads from the Scripture.
- Senator Pete Domenici makes remarks.
- Lawton Chiles IV performs "Walking Man."
- Former Senator J. Bennett Johnston makes remarks.
- Carol Browner, Administrator, Environmental Protection
Agency, makes remarks.
- Christin Chiles performs "You're Still the One."
- You make remarks.
- Tandy Chiles Barrett delivers the Chiles family response.
- Doug Coe delivers the closing prayer.
- Musical trilogy performed by Sherwin Mackintosh.
- Dr. Lloyd Ogilvie delivers the Benediction.
- You depart
VI.
REMARKS
To be provided by speechwriting.
FIRST LADY HILLARY RODHAM CLINTON
PEDIATRIC AIDS FOUNDATION
WASHINGTON PRESS CLUB
WASHINGTON, D.C.
JANUARY 28, 1999
1
THANK YOU, PAUL, FOR THOSE KIND WORDS -- BUT
ALSO FOR YOUR COURAGE, AND FOR YOUR FRIENDSHIP. I
AM HONORED TO BE HERE TODAY TO JOIN YOU IN
RECOGNIZING THE OUTSTANDING WORK OF THE
ELIZABETH GLASER PEDIATRIC AIDS FOUNDATION, AND THE
CONTRIBUTIONS THAT THESE TALENTED AND DEDICATED
SCIENTISTS -- AND ALL OF YOU -- HAVE MADE TO PROMOTE
THIS CAUSE OVER THE YEARS.
I WANT TO BEGIN BY THANKING THE REMARKABLE
LEADERS OF THE FOUNDATION, WHO HAVE HELPED BUILD
IT INTO THE POWERFUL FORCE THAT IT IS TODAY: SUZIE
ZEEGAN; KATE CARR; AND JANIS SPIRE. I ALSO WANT TO
RECOGNIZE MARY FISHER FOR HER TIRELESS WORK AT THE
FAMILY AIDS NETWORK.
2
NONE OF US, OF COURSE, WOULD BE HERE TODAY
WERE IT NOT FOR THE INSPIRATIONAL LIFE AND WORK OF
ELIZABETH GLASER, WHOSE SPIRIT so ANIMATES THIS
GATHERING. NO ONE FOUGHT HARDER -- OR DID MORE --
TO BRING ATTENTION AND RESOURCES TO THE ISSUE OF
PEDIATRIC AIDS. NO ONE WHO EVER MET HER -- OR
HEARD HER SPEAK -- WILL EVER FORGET HER LAUGH, HER
GRACE, AND HER ABILITY TO PERSUADE EVERYONE IN THE
ROOM TO GET ENGAGED IN THIS ISSUE. NOR WILL WE EVER
FORGET HER PASSIONATE COMMITMENT TO DOING
EVERYTHING POSSIBLE TO BRING HOPE TO THE MILLIONS
WHO SUFFER FROM THIS DISEASE -- PARTICULARLY
CHILDREN.
3
ELIZABETH TRANSFORMED US ALL. AND IN THE
PROCESS, SHE HELPED TRANSFORMED HOW THE WORLD
RESPONDED TO THIS TERRIBLE EPIDEMIC.
TEN YEARS AGO, SITTING AROUND A KITCHEN TABLE,
ELIZABETH, ALONG WITH TWO DEAR FRIENDS (SUZIE
ZEEGAN AND SUSAN DELAURENTIS), DECIDED TO
UNDERTAKE WHAT MUST HAVE SEEMED TO BE AN
IMPOSSIBLE TASK. TO BREAK HER SILENCE ABOUT HER
DAUGHTER'S STRUGGLE WITH AIDS, AND LAUNCH A
CAMPAIGN FOR PEDIATRIC AIDS RESEARCH. NO ONE, SHE
BELIEVED, SHOULD EVER HAVE TO SUFFER THE
UNSPEAKABLE PAIN AND DESPAIR THAT THIS TERRIBLE
DISEASE CAN BRING. NOT MOTHERS, NOT FATHERS, NOT
CHILDREN, NOT ANYONE.
4
THAT YOU HAVE CHOSEN AS THE THEME FOR YOUR
10TH ANNIVERSARY CELEBRATION "DECADE OF PROGRESS,
DECADE OF PROMISE" IS A TRIBUTE NOT ONLY TO THE
IMPORTANT SCIENTIFIC ADVANCEMENTS IN PEDIATRIC
AIDS THAT HAVE BEEN MADE SINCE THAT DAY -- BUT ALSO
TO THE DETERMINATION, DEVOTION, AND BOUNDLESS
OPTIMISM OF THE PEOPLE IN THIS ROOM WHO WILL INSIST
THAT EVEN MORE BE ACCOMPLISHED.
LOOK WHAT YOU HAVE ALREADY ACHIEVED.
TEN YEARS AGO, THERE WAS NO ORGANIZED EFFORT
DEVOTED TO STOPPING PEDIATRIC AIDS. TODAY, THIS
FOUNDATION IS THE LEADING ORGANIZATION IN THE
COUNTRY COMMITTED TO THAT MISSION.
5
TEN YEARS AGO, ALMOST NO ONE KNEW ABOUT AIDS --
LET ALONE THAT IT COULD BE TRANSMITTED FROM
MOTHER TO CHILD. THERE WAS ONLY IGNORANCE AND
FEAR. TODAY, THE FOUNDATION IS AT THE FOREFRONT IN
DEVELOPING PROGRAMS THAT RAISE PUBLIC AWARENESS
ABOUT PEDIATRIC AIDS, AND PROMOTE COMPASSION FOR
THOSE WHO SUFFER FROM IT.
TEN YEARS AGO, THERE WAS NO PEDIATRIC AIDS
RESEARCH AGENDA ANYWHERE IN THE WORLD. TODAY,
THANKS TO THE WORK OF SO MANY OF YOU, THERE IS AN
ENTIRE RESEARCH COMMUNITY WORKING
COLLABORATIVELY TO MAKE SCIENTIFIC ADVANCES IN
PEDIATRIC AIDS.
6
AND AS A RESULT, WE CAN LOOK BACK ON A DECADE
OF BREAKTHROUGHS THAT HAVE DRAMATICALLY
REDUCED MOTHER-TO-CHILD TRANSMISSION AND GREATLY
IMPROVED THE QUALITY OF LIFE AND LIFE EXPECTANCY OF
INFECTED CHILDREN. THERE ARE ALSO MORE DRUGS --
ONCE ONLY AVAILABLE TO ADULTS -- THAT ARE NOW
BENEFITING CHILDREN -- THANKS TO THE WORK OF MANY
OF YOU.
I WANT TO UNDERSCORE HOW PLEASED I AM -- AS I
KNOW ALL OF YOU ARE -- WITH THE PROGRESS WE'VE
MADE ON PEDIATRIC LABELING. WE NOW HAVE A
REGULATION IN PLACE ASSURING THAT PRESCRIPTION
DRUGS ARE TESTED FOR SAFETY AND EFFECTIVENESS IN
CHILDREN.
7
THIS REGULATION WILL ENSURE THAT DOCTORS KNOW
WHICH DRUGS TO PRESCRIBE AND HOW MUCH TO GIVE TO
THEIR YOUNG PATIENTS. THIS INITIATIVE WILL SAVE
COUNTLESS LIVES -- AND COULD NOT HAVE HAPPENED
WITHOUT THE COMMITMENT AND EFFORTS OF THE PEOPLE
IN THIS ROOM.
AND IN JUST THE PAST SEVERAL MONTHS, WE HAVE
ALSO LAUNCHED NEW INITIATIVES TO ADDRESS AIDS IN
MINORITY COMMUNITIES -- STRENGTHENED OUR EFFORTS
TO FIND A VACCINE, AND BOOSTED OUR INTERNATIONAL
EFFORTS TO CARE FOR CHILDREN ORPHANED BY AIDS.
8
WE'VE COME TOGETHER THIS Morning TO
CELEBRATE THE PROGRESS THAT'S BEEN MADE -- NOT
ONLY IN PEDIATRIC AIDS -- BUT MORE GENERALLY IN THE
HEALTH OF AMERICA'S CHILDREN. IMMUNIZATION RATES
ARE AT AN ALL TIME HIGH. INFANT MORTALITY AT AN ALL
TIME LOW. AND THANKS TO THE PRESIDENT'S CHILDREN'S
HEALTH INSURANCE PROGRAM (CHIP) -- MILLIONS MORE
CHILDREN ARE NOW ELIGIBLE FOR COVERAGE. THE
CHALLENGE NOW -- AS YOU KNOW -- IS TO MAKE SURE
THAT THE UP TO FIVE MILLION CHILDREN WHO ARE
ELIGIBLE FOR THIS PROGRAM AND MEDICAID ACTUALLY
GET ENROLLED.
9
I'M ALSO VERY PLEASED TO ANNOUNCE THAT THE
PRESIDENT'S FISCAL YEAR 2000 BUDGET INCLUDES A NEW
$40 MILLION GRANT PROGRAM TO SUPPORT GRADUATE
MEDICAL EDUCATION.
AS MANY OF YOU KNOW, CHILDREN'S HOSPITALS ARE
ESSENTIAL IN THE TRAINING OF DOCTORS WHO CARE FOR
OUR CHILDREN -- PROVIDING VITAL HEALTH SERVICES FOR
THE POOREST, SICKEST, AND MOST VULNERABLE AMONG
THEM. AND FOR TOO LONG, THOSE HOSPITALS HAVE BEEN
CARRYING OUT THIS RESPONSIBILITY WITHOUT ADEQUATE
SUPPORT FOR THE COSTS OF GRADUATE MEDICAL
EDUCATION. THE PRESIDENT'S PROPOSAL WILL SUPPORT
THAT EDUCATION -- WHICH WILL HELP PRESERVE AND
STRENGTHEN OUR CHILDREN'S HOSPITALS THAT FAMILIES
ACROSS THE COUNTRY HAVE ALWAYS DEPEND UPON.
10
YET FOR ALL THE ADVANCES WE'VE MADE -- IT'S TIME
TO PLEDGE OURSELVES TO THE GREAT UNFINISHED WORK
AHEAD. THE HEALTH OF MOST OF OUR CHILDREN IS
IMPROVING -- AND EVEN CHILDREN WITH HIV WHO HAVE
ACCESS TO HEALTH CARE ARE LIVING LONGER, HEALTHIER
LIVES, THANKS BOTH SCIENTIFIC BREAKTHROUGHS
AND GREATER PUBLIC UNDERSTANDING OF THIS DISEASE.
BUT OUR WORK IS FAR FROM OVER.
HERE AND AROUND THE WORLD, NEW INFECTIONS ARE
INCREASING, AND WOMEN OF COLOR AND YOUNG PEOPLE
ARE AMONG THE MOST VULNERABLE. EVERY HOUR OF
EVERY DAY, TWO MORE AMERICAN ADOLESCENTS ARE
INFECTED WITH HIV. AND AROUND THE WORLD, 1,600
CHILDREN ARE INFECTED WITH HIV EVERY SINGLE DAY.
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AS WE ALL KNOW, THE RAVAGES OF PEDIATRIC AIDS IS
THE MOST SEVERE IN THE DEVELOPING COUNTRIES --
WHERE OVER 90% OF NEW INFECTIONS OCCUR. BY THE END
OF THIS YEAR, 40 MILLION PEOPLE WILL BE LIVING WITH
HIV OR AIDS. AND BY THE END OF THE NEXT DECADE, AIDS
WILL HAVE ORPHANED OVER 40 MILLION CHILDREN.
WHEN CONFRONTED WITH THESE HEARTBREAKING
STATISTICS -- IT'S NEARLY IMPOSSIBLE NOT TO FEEL
OVERWHELMED BY THE TASK AHEAD. BUT THE FOUNDERS
OF THIS ORGANIZATION HAVE GIVEN US A DIFFERENT KIND
OF LEGACY. A LEGACY THAT IS DRIVEN BY HOPE, NOT
DESPAIR. ONE THAT CHOOSES ACTION OVER INACTION.
ONE THAT IS DETERMINED -- REGARDLESS OF THE ODDS --
TO FIND EFFECTIVE TREATMENTS, A VACCINE, AND
EVENTUALLY A CURE TO END THIS DEADLY EPIDEMIC.
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WHEN WE THINK ABOUT ELIZABETH -- AND PAUL --
AND THE MILLIONS OF CHILDREN AND THEIR PARENTS
LIVING WITH AIDS EVERY SINGLE DAY -- WHAT BECOMES
IMPOSSIBLE IS THE IDEA OF GIVING UP.
ELIZABETH ONCE WROTE ABOUT SITTING IN HER
LIVING ROOM, FEELING RELIEVED THAT SHE HAD FINALLY
FOUND AN AIDS DRUG THAT COULD HELP HER DAUGHTER,
ARIEL, LEAD A MORE NORMAL LIFE. BUT FURIOUS THAT
THE SYSTEM BACK THEN CARED MORE ABOUT RULES THAN
LIVES. AND SHE ASKED HERSELF: "DID I LOVE MY CHILD
ANY MORE THAN THE MOTHER IN HARLEM, MIAMI, OR
NEWARK LOVED HER CHILD? ABSOLUTELY NOT. DID ARI
DESERVE A CHANCE ANY MORE THAN THEIR CHILDREN? NO.
EVERY CHILD WITH AIDS DESERVES A CHANCE."
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TODAY, WE HONOR FOUR INDIVIDUALS WHO BELIEVE --
LIKE ELIZABETH DID -- --THAT EVERY CHILD LIVING WITH
AIDS DESERVES A CHANCE.
THIS FOUNDATION BELIEVES THAT PROGRESS ON
PEDIATRIC AIDS CAN BE MADE FAR MORE QUICKLY IF THE
BRIGHTEST MINDS IN SCIENCE WORK TOGETHER. IN FACT,
THE FOUNDATION'S FOCUS ON COLLABORATION REMAINS
UNIQUE IN THE SCIENTIFIC COMMUNITY. TOGETHER, WE
HAVE MADE A DIFFERENCE. AND TOGETHER, WE WILL -- WE
MUST - BRING AN END TO AIDS.
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I WANT TO NOW ASK FOUR OF THOSE COLLABORATORS
-- TODAY'S HONOREES -- TO STAND AND JOIN ME AT THE
PODIUM. THESE GIFTED INDIVIDUALS REPRESENT SOME OF
THE BRIGHTEST INVESTIGATORS FROM THE
INTERNATIONAL RESEARCH COMMUNITY. WHILE THEY
WORK AT SEPARATE RESEARCH INSTITUTIONS -- THEY ALL
SHARE A DEEP COMMITMENT TO BRING HOPE TO CHILDREN
LIVING WITH HIV AND AIDS.
THEY WORK IN DIFFERENT SCIENTIFIC FIELDS -- BUT
WHAT THEY HOLD IN COMMON IS NEVER, EVER, GIVING UP
ON EFFORTS TO END THE SUFFERING, AND SAVE THE LIVES,
OF CHILDREN WITH AIDS.
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DR. ROBERT DOMS [DOMES], FROM THE UNIVERSITY
OF PENNSYLVANIA, IS INVESTIGATING HOW A CELL GETS
INFECTED WITH HIV -- SO WE CAN DISCOVER HOW TO
BLOCK THAT INFECTION, AND DEVELOP A VACCINE.
CONGRATULATIONS, DR. DOMS. [THE FIRST LADY HANDS
HIM THE AWARD].
DR. PHILIP GOULDER [GOOL-DER], FROM
MASSACHUSETTS GENERAL HOSPITAL, IS INVESTIGATING
THE IMMUNE RESPONSE OF AIDS INFECTED CHILDREN IN
THE UNITED STATES AND AFRICA -- TO BRING US CLOSER TO
THE DISCOVERY OF AN AIDS VACCINE. CONGRATULATIONS,
DR. GOULDER. [THE FIRST LADY HANDS HIM THE AWARD.]
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DR. PAUL JOHNSON, FROM HARVARD MEDICAL
SCHOOL, IS RESEARCHING NEW WAYS TO HELP BOOST THE
IMMUNE SYSTEM'S RESPONSE TO HIV INFECTION IN
CHILDREN. THANK YOU, DR. JOHNSON. [THE FIRST LADY
HANDS HIM THE AWARD.]
DR. JULE OVERBAUGH [OVER-BAH], FROM SEATTLE'S
FRED HUTCHINSON CANCER RESEARCH CENTER, IS
COLLABORATING WITH OTHER RESEARCHERS TO FURTHER
REDUCE MOTHER-TO-DAUGHTER HIV TRANSMISSION --
INCLUDING DURING BREAST FEEDING. AS PART OF THEIR
WORK, THEY ARE STUDYING HIV-INFECTED INFANTS AND
MOTHERS IN NAIROBI, KENYA. THANK YOU DR.
OVERBAUGH, FOR YOUR WORK. [THE FIRST LADY HANDS
HER THE AWARD.]
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TOGETHER WITH OTHER FOUNDATION SCIENTISTS,
THESE FOUR DEDICATED AND INNOVATIVE RESEARCHERS
FORM AN INVALUABLE NETWORK THAT WILL HELP US
MEET THE ONGOING CHALLENGE OF ONE DAY
ERADICATING THIS DISEASE, ONCE AND FOR ALL. PLEASE
JOIN ME IN CONGRATULATING OUR FOUR ELIZABETH
GLASER SCIENTISTS.
I ALSO WANT TO THANK PAUL -- AND EVERY PERSON IN
THIS ROOM -- FOR GIVING CHILDREN WITH HIV AND AIDS A
BETTER CHANCE TO LIVE OUT THEIR LIVES, AND FULFILL
THEIR GOD-GIVEN PROMISE.
THANK YOU.
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