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Draft for Discussion Purposes Only December 2, 1997 OPTIONS FOR CHILD CARE INITIATIVE I. Tax System. Options for investing in child care through the tax system include: A. Child and Dependent Care Tax Credit. Modify the Child and Dependent Care Tax Credit (CDCTC) by raising the top rate and moving the phase-out range. One option considered would raise the top rate from 30 percent (current law) to 50 percent and move the phase-out range from $10,000-$28,000 (current law) to $30,000-$59,000, indexed for inflation thereafter. Presently, the CDCTC phases down from a high of 30 percent at $10,000 or less of income to 20 percent at more : than $28,000 of income (a phase out rate of one percentage point per $2,000 of income). Under this option, the credit would phase-out at a rate of one percentage point per $1,000 of income, from a high of 50 percent at $30,000 or less of income to 20 percent at more than $59,000. This option would cost $5.2 billion through the year 2003; less expensive options, using different rates and phase-out ranges, are also available. The credit could also be made refundable. B. Tax Credits to Corporate Sector. Provide a tax credit to businesses that incur costs related to providing child care services to their employees. Qualifying expenses could include those a business incurs to build or expand a child care facility, operate an existing facility, train child care workers, reserve slots at a child care facility for employees, or provide child care resource and referral services to employees. Under one option, the credit could cover 50% of qualified costs incurred, but could not exceed $150,000 per year. This option has been estimated by the Joint Committee on Taxation to cost $2.6 billion over five years. II. Child Care and Development Block Grant. Options for increasing federal investment in the Child Care and Development Block Grant (CCDBG) include: A. Distribute additional funding to States by current CCDBG formula without restriction. B. Require that states set benchmarks to access additional funding. To access additional funding, states would be required to set benchmarks, concerning, for example, eligibility and priority (i.e. targeting) levels, copayments, and reimbursement rates. While states would have considerable flexibility in setting the benchmarks, continued additional funding would be contingent on progress toward meeting the benchmarks. A possible recommendation is to increase the investment by $4 billion over five years, which would provide subsidies for approximately 280,000 children per year. Less money would mean proportionately fewer additional children subsidized. 1