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Records of the First Lady's Office (Clinton Administration)
Margaret “Maggie” Williams' Subject Files
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LETTERS TO THE EDITOR
Algeria's Democratic Process
The Dec. 5 editorial "Paris Bomb"
trary, they have elected to follow the
ties already have announced that they
was quite surprising. It's SO poorly
path of pluralist democracy, dialogue
will be fielding candidates.
documented that on six occasions it
and the recourse to the will of the
It is, therefore, curious that at this
called the Algerian government led by
people, while shouldering their respon-
stage of Algeria's democratic process,
a president of the republic who was
sibilities in the protection of people and
The Post's editorial writer has "discov-
ered" that the solution to Algeria's
democratically elected in an unques-
property.
tionable and unquestioned competitive
After the pluralist presidential elec-
problems might reside in resurrecting
an extremist movement that a court of
universal suffrage a "junta."
tions and the recent referendum on the
law has banned, and that the Algerian
Journalistic obligation would compel
constitution, the Algerian people will
voters repudiated in November 1995
The Post's editorial writer not to build
be electing their own representatives
and 1996.
on fantasies about the alleged populari-
in the coming months under conditions
RAMTANE LAMAMRA
ty of the banned FIS. Algerian authori-
of equity which did not exist five years
Ambassador
ties have not chosen to go down the
ago. The vote will be based on the
Embassy of Aigeria
easy road to dictatorship. On the con-
proportional rule and all political par-
Washington
UDC: Moving Forward
Mixing Sexes
Contrary to the impression con-
ater and the visual arts have gone on
In the Locker Room
veyed in the front-page article on the
to study at the graduate level or have
I'm writing to respond to the Nov.
resignation of the University of the
found immediate employment in the
District of Columbia's president, Til-
22 Style Plus article "Kids in the
areas for which their college studies
den J. LeMelle ["UDC President Re-
Locker Room; Discomfort Over
prepared them. Many have remained
signs, Citing Funding Fight," Nov.
Mixed Nudity at the Y" about the
in the area and are working produc-
30], UDC's Department of Mass Me-
practice of allowing children into lock-
tively in television, journalism, fine
dia, Visual and Performing Arts is a
er rooms for people of the opposite
arts, graphic design, music perfor-
thriving program with more than 400
sex.
mance and teaching.
majors.
These are difficult times at UDC.
Policy decisions of this kind are
The number of degrees awarded is
As decisions are made that will have
made by volunteer leaders on local
only one measure of a department's
great impact on the direction of the
YMCA boards. They work with medi-
effectiveness, but the incorrect re-
city and its only public university, it is
cal advisory committees-doctors
porting of degrees awarded by our
critical that they be based on accurate
and other experts-to set appropri-
department last year distorts the re-
information. The Post carries a great
ate Y policies.
ality of what we are accomplishing. In
responsibility to ensure that misinfor-
The volunteers take into account
fact, 43 individuals from the depart-
mation is not perpetuated.
many factors before making a policy
ment were awarded degrees in the
YVONNE P. CARTER
decision. Because the YMCA is a
1996 commencement.
Chair. College of Arts and Sciences
family place, volunteers on the board
Over the years, UDC graduates in
University of the District of Columbia
set policies that make coming to the Y
the areas of mass media, music the-
Washington
as convenient as possible for families.
For this reason, some YMCAs try
to accommodate busy mothers and
fathers by letting them take children
below a certain age into locker rooms
for people of the opposite sex.
The National Council of YMCAs
also has a medical advisory committee
made up of physicians and other child
health experts who make recommen-
dations to local YMCAs on safe-pro-
gram policies. The committee is dis-
cussing the issue of children in
opposite-sex locker rooms and plans
to issue a statement that will help
local YMCA leaders review their
policies.
The YMCA works to provide posi-
BY LEWIS SCOTT
tive experiences that nurture the
'Rules of Ardor'
healthy, successful development of
children and families. We will take
I read with astonishment and disbelief the Style article "Ryun's Rules
every action necessary to help them
of Ardor" [Reliable Source, Nov. 19].
continue to do so.
DAVID R. MERCER
Newly elected Rep. Jim Ryun's idea of courtship of "allowing young
National Executive Director
women to see only men who are financially and emotionally ready to
YMCA of the USA
wed" is an idea only Auntie Em and (Uncle) Dan Quayle could have
Chicago
applauded and kept a straight face. His idea would effectively ban all
dating between both high school students and college students (How
many high school students are "financially and emotionally ready to
wed"?).
Further, his notion that "a suitor must be screened by and pray with
the woman's father before he can come calling" also would effectively
ban all dating between families headed by a woman household as a
woman's father might not be readily available.
Rep. Ryun's "courting" notion is ludicrous in its blatant and unequivo-
cally- sexist nature as he makes no mention of praying with (or gaining
approval from). a young woman's mother. It makes me wonder how a
man who holds such male chauvinist ideas possibly could be taken
seriously as a candidate or as a motivational speaker, even in Kansas.
On this issue, Rep. Ryun has dropped the relay baton on his own head.
SCOTT A. PARIS
Catonsville
The Washington Post
MONDAY. DECEMBER 9. 1996
Filersonal
The YMCA article is the next fron-
tier of sexual hysteria. Why do two
psychiatrists hit the panic button af-
ter hearing about the reactions of
uninformed parents and third parties?
Children are being forced to adopt
adult hangups that handicap develop-
The Washington
ment and fuel the inexorable buzz-
word of the simple-minded-"inap-
propriate."
There is no sound psychoanalytic
MONDAY. DECEMBER 9. 1996
basis for taking symptoms of one
behavior, blaming another behavior
and then generalizing to the reaction
of others. One: doctor quoted suppos-
es that "lurking" scenarios could cre-
ate full-blown psychoses.
Another psychiatrist provides hy-
The FBI and Howard Shapiro
perbole that sounds like serious stuff,
but raises the question of "damage"
The Nov. 18 front-page article
Clinger. He did not. If it was appropri-
assessment and trauma manufacture
"FBI Chief Finds Himself Under Mi-
ate to make the information available
in otherwise normal children. Indeed
croscope" about FBI Director Louis
to committee Republicans, who in fact
Freeh repeats some of the shameless
the article was scary, but not from
immediately made that information
accusations leveled by Republican
the intended topic.
public, it was appropriate to share it
RONALD D. AMON
critics against FBI general counsel
with the White House.
Howard Shapiro.
Fredericksburg
Third, once the FBI determined
Mr. Shapiro's alleged crime was to
that there was no law enforcement
notify the White House of FBI infor-
sensitivity to the information and that
I hope the recent Post article will
mation concerning White House aide
the independent counsel had no objec-
not put too much pressure on the Y. to
Craig Livingstone that the bureau
tions, there were no legal or ethical
stop it from letting young children in
was making available to congressional
restrictions on providing it to others.
the locker room. It would be more
Republicans. Mr. Shapiro thus be-
Mr. Shapiro decided that the best way
than just an inconvenience if my hus-
came another victim in the Republi-
cans' efforts to discredit those who
to remain nonpartisan was to adhere
band could no longer take our daugh-
to FBI policy of giving information to
ters to the locker room when he
attempted to create a fair playing
both the Republicans and the White
changes because some guy feels un-
field during Republican investiga-
tions, joining the ranks of the career
House at the same time. The Republi-
comfortable about it.
prosecutors at the Justice Depart-
cans never objected to this policy
I found it absurd to connect 6-year-
ment and the nonpartisan staff of the
when it accrued to their benefit. For
olds in the locker room with attention
General Accounting Office who have
example, Director Freeh had earlier
deficit hyper disorder without evi-
been similarly criticized by Republi-
notified Chairman Clinger about addi-
dence to back up such a claim. I'm
cans because they provided informa-
tional FBI background summaries
also amazed that after all these years
tion to all parties.
sent to the White House.
someone is trying to link childhood
Did Mr. Shapiro do anything
The reason the Republicans are so
sexual developmental problems with
wrong? First, the information he "pro-
mad is that the White House was
the YMCA, especially when one con-
vided" to the White House had been
allowed to quickly refute Chairman
siders the well-functioning aduits who
collected at the request of the White
Clinger's unfounded accusations when
as children were allowed in YMCA
House-not for any law enforcement
he went public with the information.
locker rooms.
purpose-as part of its standard per-
This denied them the partisan "free
I pray that the practice continues
sonnel review of each White House
shot" in the press they wanted.
and I hope that my children can con-
official. The piece of information re-
Mr. Shapiro is an intelligent career
tinue to be among those welcome in
lating to whether Mrs. Clinton had
prosecutor who should be commend-
the locker room.
urged Craig Livingstone's hiring had
ed for his evenhandedness in an obvi-
ELAINE REINHOLD
not been sent over earlier because it
ously partisan dispute between the
New Market, Md.
was not deemed by the FBI to be
White House and congressional Re-
derogatory. This also was not true.
publicans, not demonized for doing his
Second, Mr. Shapiro checked with
job in a proper and professional man-
independent counsel Kenneth Starr to
ner.
see if he objected to the information
PAUL E. KANJORSKI
The Washington Post
being given to House Government
U.S. Representative (D-Pa.)
EUGENE MEYER. 1875-1959
Reform Committee Chairman Bill
Washington
PHILIP L GRAHAM. 1915-1963
DONALDE GRAHAM
Publisher
Giving Up on Spelling? (Cont
LEONARD DOWNIE JR.
MEG GREENFIELD
Executive Editor
Editorial Page Editor
ROBERT G. KAISER
STEPHEN ROSENFELD
I found the Nov. 27 letter from
checker, and if you were too lazy to
Managing Editor
Deputy Edtl Page Editor
Kathy A. Megyeri, a teacher in Silver
learn to spell, you are probably too
MILTON COLEMAN
Deputy Managing Editor
Spring, sad and disturbing.
lazy to run the spell-checker. Books
and newspapers are full of errors
BOISFEUILLET JONES JR.
Ms. Megyeri is ready to give up on
President and General Manager
correct spelling. She gets little sup-
because editors and authors rely on
VICE PRESIDENTS
port from parents or from the Mary-
spell-checkers. A spell-checker can-
BENJAMIN BRADLEE
AtLarge
MICHAEL CLURMAN
Production
land educational system. But this is
not correct "there" to "their" or "it's"
HAVLICEK
Industrial Reis/Environment
not peculiar to Maryland. We see the
to "its."
STEPHEN P. HILLS
Advertising
ELIZABETH ST. J. LOKER
Systems and Engineering
results all the time in our company
According to Ms. Megyeri, the
THEODORE C. LUTZ
Business Manager
CAROL D. MELAMED
Government Affairs
with job applicants. Resumes with
Maryland functional writing test is
VINCENT E. REED
Communications
spelling mistakes get sent directly to
graded "holistically" and spelling er-
MARGARET SCOTT SCHIFF Controller/Pers./Admin.
WILLIAM G. TOMPKINS JR.
Marketing
the reject pile. Someone should tell
rors are overlooked. In a literate.
MARY ANN WERNER
Counsel
these children (and their parents and
educated society, and in the business
Published by The Washington Post Company
the educational bureaucrats) that
world, people are judged by their
KATHARINE GRAHAM
they are not going to get decent jobs.
spelling. This is a terrible fraud to be
Chairman of the Executive Committee
Bad grammar and spelling are clear
perpetrating on children, their par-
DONALD E. GRAHAM
Chairman of the Board and Chief Executive Officer
marks of a lazy mind and a poor
ents and the taxpayers.
ALAN G. SPOON
education.
ROBERT HEINMILLER
President and Chief Operating Officer
You won't always have a spell-
Staunton, Va.
1150 15th St. NW Washington, D.C. 20071 (202) 334-6000
Wizard Wand Collection
by
James Hopper
James Hopper has been a visual artist for 15 years, working professionally
since 1985. He was educated as a sculptor at the Wringling School of Art
and Design in Sarasota, Florida, receiving a B.F.A. in 1985. He studied
mythology at Evergreen State College in Olympia, Washington and received
a B.A. in 1989. His professional career began as a scenic artist where he
earned major scenic and sculpture commissions from the Louisville Children's
Theatre, Actor's Theatre, and Churchill Downs. In 1990, James began
creating his unique "Wizard Bubble Wands". He works with basic designs
in bronze, nickel silver, brass, and mixed media. Each wand becomes a
one-of-a-kind object of art as it is individually crafted and painted by
the artist.
Permal-
move
Fiee
SPECIAL
EDITION
CORPORATE IMPRESSIONS
COMMUNICATIONS
"Never doubt that a small group of thoughtful,
committed people can change the world.
Indeed, it is the only thing that ever has."
SUCCESSORIES
© 1994 Successories of Illinois, Lombard, IL
800/535-2773
NEVER DOUBT THAT A SMALL GROUP OF
823172
THOUGHTFUL COMMITTED PEOPLE CAN CHANGE THE WORLD.
INDEED. IT Is THE ONLY THING THAT EVER HAS.
PRINTED ON RECYCLED PAPER
the Basic Crew If Volunter
November 18,1996
199B-1996
E. Maric Johnson
Dear Muggie,
Mircom Burrage
Jephicy Keeper
May each of us continue
Manizorice Goldnon
Phyllis Deneschriber
Munic alpen
to first". work pricting people
We shall wish you ho,
It is burbbling to with
for such le gradencer, thorapelfal
perceptine, caring Fordy
PRESERVATION
PHOTOCOP
Steph K
NASH
I
Miss Mayzie Williams
\
14 November
Maggie,
Thank you for all of the
support you have provided me
during He last nine months. I could
not have been as successful W that
He quiet, em present support I in intent
that you provided I am realing wills.
As I mentioned the other day, on
team here at the Compaign has been
to work togetter in the months ahead
great he must F.h.d. ways to continue
It seemo that this is the only wf
to get things done
All He but - keep smiling
Continued windo + following Seas
with Peale s
Ms Massie Williams
USA32
personal
Margaret Williams
Chey of staff
offer of the First Lady
The white House
Washington, D.C. 20500
Personal
12 NN.
Dear Maggie
this is not a note to say how
great you are because I'm not
sure that you se all that
Seriously Mags, Thanks for all
your support you - made all 7 This -
whatever it is easier, better
more Jun (wen dettle Rock ).
Thanks for everything- you're
a great pelicel! Jena
1077 got St, n.w
Apt 103
Hartina Flournoy
Washing for, D.C. 20007
PRESERVATION
PHOTOCOPY
September 16, 1996
Tear Maggie,
Six months. late (or theraboute) / write to
send congratulations on your engagement. (
have of course, seen you With your fiance
and heard rumors of impending Unions - but
it was only confirmed at my lunch last
week with Lissa.
I have nothing particularly eloquent to
say - only that I'm thrilled to see you
happy. That you deserve peace and joy
and a one. way ticket out of Washington
(if you 90 wish).
Much love from your fan,
As ever, XXX Bob
Boomtin 3800 W Street, NW
USA
THE BILL OF
Washington DC 20007
: IT PM SEP DC
200 YEAR
002
AND STILL WI
1995
Ms. Maggie Williams
I
-
PERSONAL
Office of the First lady
Room 100
Old Executive Office Building
Washington, D.C.
20500
17 UNITED Lodge Drive
Rockville, Md
URBAN 26 PM JIIL MD $ MST
20850
1350
an
City of Rockville
HI Maryland Avenue
USA
EE
Rockville, MD 20850-2364
—
Ms Magin Villiams
/
The White House
Personal
Washing tro, DC
20300/ 0003
RUTH WOODEN
Dear Maggie,
It's name that I get suc a a
free. afternoon to frek and
enjoy good, pmart company
It must be Even rarer for
you anyway, I enjoyed our
panel and lunch and was
glad tosee how we liked a
los af the pame people (Gerp
Canada, Jeff Jacobs), but
hot all Martha Stawart).
I hope the next feew wealls
aren'tor crasy. I'm really
anxious and hopeful to see a
second Clin for Ad ministra Lion.
There is much to do and feit
for kids.
Stay in touch, Best of luck a
your importation Ruth Word
11TH FLOOR
261 MADISON AVENUE
NEW YORK, NY 10016-2303
Personal
MEN YORK. PM NY 100
Personal
28 OCT
give The United Way
1996
me
Ms. Mangaret NY A 10/28/96 18:13 ISS+B #02
Assistant to the President and
Chref 9 Staff totte Fust hady
The White House 1 Precutive
Room 100
office Burlding
washing ton
D. 20500
I
Personal- -
This design was created by a participant in the United States
Holocaust Memorial Museum's Wall of Remembrance Tile Project
- a memorial to the 1.5 million children lost in the Holocaust.
UNITED
STATES
HOLOCAUST MEMORIAL MUSEUM
WASHINGTON DC
Maggil- - It's been
a presure volunteering
in your office.
The kids perforatively pay
"get a life" - I know
you are going on to a
wonderful life
I hope that I'll be
lucky enough to
meet up with you
PHOTOCOPY
Meanwhile Best Washes
again and again
PRESERVATION
for a merry, Joyou
Christmas and a
very Happy new year
Mayory Doldness
Wishing You the Blessings
of the
Holiday Season
and a New Year
of Happiness and Peace
Leon and Sylvia Panetta
Mr. and Mrs. Leon Panetta
15 Panetta Road
Carmel Valley, CA 93924
File
Personal
The Honorable marguet 1. williams
I
100 OEOB
-
Fill
Personal
Curbing Special Counsels
officials and employees. It should be
limited to the paradigmatic case of
By Archibald Cox
the President and the few. cases of
next importance - charges against
CAMBRIDGE, Mass.
the Vice President, a key Cabinet
he Independent Coun-
officer or a high-ranking member of
T
sel Act, though over-
the White House staff. Below that
used and perhaps
level, the opportunities for politically
sometimes abused,
motivated abuse of the law increase,
has at its heart an in-
while the threat to the credibility of
stitution essential to
investigation under, the Attorney
our constitutional government.
General diminishes.
In the rare national crises that
Use of the independent counsel law
arise when there is serious evidence
should also be limited to crimes com-
of criminal misconduct by a Presi-
mitted in office. The benefits of al-
dent or other high executive official,
lowing investigation of earlier
wrongdoing are outweighed by the
only an independent counsel, chosen
risk of encouraging opposing politi-
by a judicial panel, can provide the
cians to dig for stories of past mis-
best assurance of thorough and im-
deeds. Perhaps investigations should
partial investigation followed by
also be limited to crimes involving
fair-minded prosecution or public
abuse of official power or improper
dismissal of the charges. The inter-
influencing of executive, legislative
ests of the President and his Attor-
or electoral decisions.
ney General are too close to rely on
Requiring the Attorney General to
the Justice Department or a special
refer a case to an independent coun-
prosecutor appointed by the Attor-
sel if preliminary investigation
ney General:
shows that "there are reasonable
Opponents of the act argue that the
grounds to believe that further inves-
independent counsel can no longer
tigation is warranted" has led to too
fulfill this purpose in high-profile
many appointments. A more strin-
cases because partisan politicians
gent formula should be developed.
destroy confidence in the independ-
Attorneys General should not have
to call for an independent counsel
when they determine, and publicly
The law is too
state, that even if evidence of an
indictable offense were found, pros-
easily abused.
ecution would be inconsistent with
established Justice Department poli-
cies. There is also a need for a care-
ful and probably narrower definition
ent counsel by publicizing loose
of an independent counsel's power to
charges against him; the judges who
deal with cases related to his original
appointed him or both. Yet the irre-
assignment.
sponsible leveling of such accusa-
Independent counsel investiga-
tions must proceed more quickly.
The New York Times
THURSDAY, DECEMBER 12, 1996
tions would always find greater suc-
The law should fix a time limit -
cess against an Attorney General or
perhaps one year - subject to exten-
a special prosecutor appointed by
sion by the appointing court if there
him or her.
has been an indictment or if the
The potential for abuse of the Inde-
independent counsel shows the court
pendent Counsel Act can be reduced,
in a closed session that the evidence
if not eliminated. For one thing, the
already developed is serious enough
law applies to too many executive
to justify further inquiry.
The job of the independent counsel,
-should be full time, permitting no
representation of other clients. This
would speed the proceedings and re-
duce the danger that the integrity of
the investigation could be compro-
mised by alleged conflicts of inter-
ests.
In the end, independent counsels
must see their function not as pursuit
of a target to be wounded or de-
stroyed, but as an impartial inquiry
with as much concern for public ex-
oneration of the innocent as for in-
dictment of the guilty. Even if the
individual under investigation is nev-
er convinced that the spirit of the
inquiry was truly evenhanded, the
American people will sense and hon-
or the truth.
Essay
WILLIAM SAFIRE
Farewell to Concord
WASHINGTON
poned action on their primaries until
I like New Hampshire. "Live Free
1998, they may well go along with the
or Die" is my kind of motto.
G.O.P. schedule.
In 1952, General Eisenhower's
Why are you learning about this
"amateurs" led by Tex McCrary and
first in this space? Neither leading
Henry Cabot Lodge took on the
candidate to replace Haley Barbour
G.O.P. professionals supporting Rob-
as Republican National Chairman
ert Taft in New Hampshire. With
wants to make an issue of it.
Gov. Sherman Adams driving us
Colorado's Jim Nicholson was
over icy roads at 70 m.p.h., we ap-
chairman of the committee that pro-
pealed to Republican voters in that
mulgated the rule at last summer's
first primary state to show the na-
convention; this Vietnam war hero is
tion Ike's electability.
not looking to catch flak from The
That was when cracker barrels
Manchester Union Leader for being
contained crackers and not micro-
phones. In the half-century since, the
New Hampshire primary has degen-
erated into a media-saturated joke.
New millennium,
The state's citizens are overex-
posed, over-polled, over-campaigned
upon: Busloads of snowblind litiner-
new first primary.
ant pundits descend on a rural state
unrepresentative of the nation's pop-
ulation, skewing the process of se-
lecting a candidate.
the upsetter of the primary status
At the San Diego convention in
quo.
August, many New Hampshire dele-
The retiring New Hampshire Gov-
gates never even got a chance to cast
ernor, Steve Merrill, tells me he
a ballot for their man, Pat Buchanan,
"urged delegates to allow the Nichol-
because his victory was a television
son Report an opportunity to work";
embarrassment to the nominee.
obviously, he does not want his wish
The New Times
THURSDAY, DECEMBER 12, 1996
But in the rules committee at that
for the continuance of his state's
G.O.P. Convention, a quiet revolution
primary pre-eminence to wreck his
took place. As a warm-up, delegates
R.N.C. candidacy. But this year New
agreed that the primary campaign
Hampshire went Democratic while
was too "front-loaded," and "to
Colorado went Republican, giving
stretch out the process" offered a 10
the winning Westerner Nicholson an
percent bonus in delegates to states
edge.
that would put off their elections
Realism suggests that other states
until May or June.
will want the first bite at the publici-
Then came the party decision, un-
ty apple. But the basic idea, remem-
remarked at the time, affecting the
ber, is to stretch out the primary
New Hampshire primary and the
campaign, making it possible for
Iowa caucuses that traditionally pre-
candidates who surprise with early
cede it: "No state can commence its
victories to raise money for other
process before the first Monday in
state campaigns - while giving ear-
February
"
ly favorites who suffer early defeat
What the new rule does not say -
the chance to show their stamina. As
but what it indisputably means - is
Merrill says, "If the last state is the
that any state may start on that
one that decides the winner, that's
nippy February day, and that neither
great."
New Hampshire nor Iowa may move
How, then, do we give more voters
its day back before that to maintain
in more areas a chance to participate
its position of "first."
in the selection of the best person to
A state can hold straw votes or
be a party's candidate? My answer:
caucus polls any time it likes (next
five monthly regional primaries. In
week is O.K., though the candidate
2000, the first should be the North-
field in the year before the millenni-
east; in 2004, the Deep South first.
um is uncertain), but when it comes
Primary sense is on the march.
to the binding selection of delegates,
And even as we cover the first
nobody moves until Monday, Feb. 7,
sweltering, primary, some of us will
2000 - and then anybody can move.
remember Fred Waring's chorus for
That means the New Hampshire
Ike; standing in the snows of Con-
stranglehold on "first" is broken.
cord, N.H., pounding the numbness
And Iowa's caucus need no longer
out of our hands, singing "Where o
transform TV anchors into hog-call-
where but in America/Can you sing
ers. Although the Democrats post-
true Freedom's song?"
Liberal Allies Split in Bid
For New Labor Secretary
By STEVEN A. HOLMES
slots. In most of his public state-
WASHINGTON, Dec. 11. - The
ments, Mr. Clinton has said his prior--
White House, which has suggested
ity this time will be to have a biparti-
that it will not make diversity a
san Cabinet that represents the "vi-
primary goal in its Cabinet choices,
tal center" of the political spectrum.
as it did four years ago, is being
But the President is once again
pressured by racial, ethnic, women's
under intense pressure to appoint
and labor interest groups pushing
minority members and women after
their choices for Labor Secretary.
the Cabinet's loss of several high-
In recent days the White House
profile minority members. They in-
has received letters from the A.F.L.-
clude Commerce Secretary Ronald
C.I.O. lobbying for former Senator
H. Brown, who was killed in a plane
Harris Wofford, Democrat of Penn-
crash in April in Croatia; Henry G.
sylvania. It has also received calls
Cisneros, the Secretary of Housing
from civil rights and women's
and Urban Development, who is re-
groups in support of Alexis M. Her-
signing along with the Transporta-
man, a black woman who is the di-
tion Secretary, Federico F. Peña.
rector of the White House Office of
The various interest groups note
Public Liaison.
that they worked hard for Mr. Clin-
Last week, a group of Hispanic
ton's re-election and, in the case of
lawmakers and heads of Latino
women, Hispanic voters and blacks,
groups met with Clinton Administra-
provided large margins of victory in
tion officials to press for the appoint-
important states like California,
ment of Representative Esteban E.
Florida, New Mexico and New Jer-
Torres of California or Maria Echa-
sey. In return, some representatives
veste, a top aide to the departing
of these groups say, they expect fair
Labor Secretary, Robert B. Reich.
treatment when it comes to appoint-
The competition for the Labor De-
ments.
partment position is pitting tradition-
"With both Federico and Henry
al allies in the liberal wing of the
leaving, it is imperative that we have
Democratic Party against one an-
other and is symptomatic of the ra-
representation at that level if not
cial- and ethnic-identity politics that
greater, considering the support that
were papered over during the 1992
the Latino community gave Presi-
and 1996 Presidential campaigns.
dent Clinton," Antonia Hernandez,
So far, the disagreements have
the president of the Mexican Ameri-
been amicable, at least publicly. And
can Legal Defense and Education
some of the leaders of the various
Fund, who also met last week with
groups are trying to insure that they
Mr. Gore and Erskine B. Bowles, the
remain that way. Last Friday, the
incoming White House chief of staff:
THURSDAY; DECEMBER 12, 1996
Rev. Jesse Jackson, the president of
The Mexican-American group also
The New York Times
the Rainbow PUSH Action Network,
lobbied for Representative Bill Rich-
who is backing Ms. Herman, met
ardson, Democrat of New Mexico, to
with John J. Sweeney, the A.F.L.-
be appointed Commerce Secretary
C.I.O. president, who supports Mr.
and for Gilbert Casellas, the chair-
Wofford.
man of the Equal Employment Op-
Mr. Jackson said in a phone inter-
portunity Commission, to be named
view: "I told him we had to keep
solicitor general.
making the best case that we could
With the competition for the Labor
make for our prospective candidates
Secretary's position coming solely
without it rupturing the relationships
from the liberal wing of the Demo-
we have because we have other long-
cratic Party, the contending parties
term interests. When you have
are finding odd combinations of op-
friends of our socially progressive
ponents who were once comrades.
struggle contending for the same
Mr. Wofford, who is white, gradu-
spot, you can only hope that it will be
a clean fight, and not a divisive one."
ated from Howard Law School, part
Still, ethnic and racial politics
of the historically black university,
produce awkward situations.
in the 1950's. He was an adviser on
Among the Hispanic leaders who
civil rights to President John F. Ken-
met last week with Administration
nedy. Mr. Wofford was also close to
officials, including Vice President Al
the Rev. Dr. Martin Luther King Jr.
Gore, was Linda Chavez Thompson,
and marched with him in civil rights
the vice president of the A.F.L.-C.I.O.
demonstrations in the South.
While joining in the effort to per-
Mr. Wofford's candidacy is being
suade the White House to appoint at.
backed by Senator Edward M. Ken-
least two Hispanic members to the
nedy, the Massachusetts Democrat
Cabinet, Ms. Thompson pointedly
who has been perhaps the strongest
said she would not take part in any
advocate for civil rights and wom-
discussion about the choice of the
en's rights in the Senate. Mr. Wofford
next Labor Secretary, given Mr.
is also backed by the A.F.L.-C.I.O.,
Sweeney's support of Mr. Wofford.
which underwrites much of the
Four years ago, Mr. Clinton ex-
Washington lobbying operations of
pressed an ambivalent attitude to-
the civil rights movement.
ward appointing minority members
On the other hand, Ms. Herman,
to Cabinet and sub-Cabinet positions.
who formerly headed the women's
Although insisting that he wanted a
bureau at the Labor Department, is
Cabinet "that looked like America,"
being backed by civil rights leaders
Mr. Clinton also snappishly declared
like Mr. Jackson and by feminist
that he would not give in to "bean.
groups like the National Organiza-
counters" who were pressing him to
tion for Women.
appoint more blacks, Latinos and
"We are strongly backing Alexis
women.
Herman," said Rosemary Dempsey,
This year, after President Clinton
NOW's national vice president.
was re-elected, White House aides
"We've worked extensively with
have hinted that diversity will not be
Alexis on a number of issues and
as high a priority in filling Cabinet
have a great deal of respect for her."
Filensonal
The Line of Succession
Would Pass Albright By
By The New York Times
WASHINGTON, Dec. 10 -
Madeleine Korbel Albright, as-
suming she is confirmed by the
Senate, will be the first female
Secretary of State. But, no, Vir-
ginia, she could not become the
first female President.
Although the Secretary of State
is fourth in line of succession for
the Presidency, should others die
or be incapacitated, Ms. Albright
is disqualified by her birth. She
was born in Czechoslovakia of
Czech parents. While she is an
American citizen, she is natural-
ized.
On this point, the Constitution is
very clear. Article II, Section I
states, "No Person except a natu-
ral born Citizen" can be Presi-
dent - by succession or election.
Agence France-Presse
So if there were a "decapita-
Madeleine K. Albright, chosen
tion" of the American leadership,
to be Secretary of State.
as those who plotted against
Abraham Lincoln tried, and the
is fifth in line.
President, Vice President, Speak-
Henry A. Kissinger, Secretary
er of the House of Representa-
of State under Presidents Nixon
tives (Newt Gingrich of Georgia)
and President Pro Tempore of
and Ford, suffered from the same
the Senate (Strom Thurmond of
ineligibility as Ms. Albright. But
South Carolina) were killed, Ms.
all efforts to remove the require-
Albright would be passed over in
ment have failed. Until 1947, the
favor of the Secretary of the
Secretary of State was second in
Treasury, Robert E. Rubin, who
line, behind the Vice President.
The New York Times
THURSDAY, DECEMBER 12, 1996
Press
A Sharper Focus
On Hidden Cameras
More of these undercover reports
are being challenged by their tar-
flounder and placed a three-day sell
gets. Earlier this year, criminal
date on the package, despite a co-
Food Lion Challenges ABC Reporting
charges were filed against ABC
worker's instructions to put a one-day
News and correspondent John Stos-
sell date; and ignored orders to clean
Al
sel after complaints by a Baltimore
the meat room at the end of the day.
By Sue Anne Pressley
doctor, who alleged that a network
As several monitors played the
Washington Post Staff Writer
producer and her sister, posing as
wobbly hidden-camera footage to-
patients, illegally taped a conversa-
day, Dale was seen looking up com-
GREENSBORO, N.C:, Dec. 11-The meat wrapper
tion for a special titled "Junk Sci-
puter time records of other employ-
wore a hidden camera in her wig, and a microphone
ence." Maryland prosecutors
ees and being told by a co-worker
tucked inside her bra. So did the deli clerk at another
dropped the charges this week for
that "cleaning should be your top pri-
store.
lack of evidence.
ority." Under questioning by Food
The two women were hardly routine $5-an-hour em-
Newspapers used hidden cameras
Lion attorney Tim Barber, she ad-
ployees at Food Lion, then the nation's fastest-growing
as early as the 1920s, but many pub-
mitted much of the information on
supermarket chain. They were producers for ABC's
lications, including The Washington
"Prime" Live," and the results of their undercover
her resume was false, including that
Post, now have rules against report-
investigation-showing workers doctoring spoiled meat
she had worked for a company that
ers misrepresenting themselves.
and bleaching fish to remove unpleasant odors-are now
was actually her dentist's office.
Still, there are exceptions. The Chi-
being aired-once again in U.S. District Court here.
Asked if she really "love[d] meat
cago Sun-Times and "60 Minutes"
Food Lion, a Salisbury, N.C.-based chain with 1,100
wrapping," as she claimed on her re-
stores and 73,000 employees in 14 states, is suing ABC,
set up a phony bar in the 1970s to
sume, Dale said: "No."
charging that the network used fraud, trespassing and
film inspectors taking bribes; U.S.
Dale positively identified replicas
other illegal means to obtain the damaging report that
News & World Report recently set
of the palm-sized "lipstick camera"
was broadcast Nov. 5. 1992. But beyond the chain's con-
up two dummy companies to investi-
she used, the brunette wig she wore
tention that it lost $1.7 billion in profits and plunging
gate questionable military sales.
and the battery pack she tied around
stock value after the show's airing is a broader journalis-
Over the past decade, however,
her waist. She said she used a hole in
tic issue: How far can television newsmagazines go to
hidden-camera exposes have be-
a sweat shirt pocket to turn the cam-
ferret out their ratings-grabbing exclusives?
come a staple of TV magazine shows
era on and off.
Also on trial in this small courtroom are ABC's editing
and such celebrated correspondents
Food Lion officials said it is no co-
techniques. Food Lion officials charge that editing of the
as Mike Wallace.
incidence that the expose came at a
tapes helped falsely suggest dirty conditions at its Hicko-
While Food Lion officials have al-
time when union organizers were
ry, N.C., and Myrtle Beach, S.C., stores. In one example,
ways contested the accuracy of the
targeting the chain, saying ABC was
they say, footage was aired showing an employee recall-
"Prime Live" segment, their
aided in its investigation by frustrat-
ing an incident in which she was hesitant to cook chicken
lawsuit against ABC, seeking up to
ed organizers. The United Food and
she believed to be spoiled; edited out of the segment was
$2.5 billion in damages, does not in-
Commercial Workers Union has ac-
her statement that after consulting with her manager,
volve libel. In opening arguments
knowledged putting ABC in touch
she discarded the chicken. ABC has strongly defended
Tuesday, lawyers for the supermar-
with 20 to 25 employees.
the report.
ket chain said ABC had engaged in a
ABC's lawyers disputed Food Li-
The use of miniature hidden cameras has increased
pattern of deception "like pages in a
on's charge that the producers, who
See FOOD LION, A17, Col. 1
book," charging that the producers,
were given a $50,000 budget to fi-
FOOD LION, From A1
Lynne Neufer Dale and Susan Bar-
nance the operation, cheated Food
nett, lied about their work histories
Lion by not doing the work they
markedly in recent years, recording
and references, treated the stores as
were assigned. "They did their job,
everything from nannies cruelly pun-
their personal sound stages and sim-
they faked nothing," said ABC attor-
ishing young children in their care to
ply broke the law in pursuit of the
"60 Minutes" correspondent Lesley
ney William H. Jeffress Jr. "They
Stahl in a black wig, haggling with an
story.
committed no fraud, no trespass or
adoption broker in Romania over the
Food Lion attorney Andrew Co-
breach of duty.
They are dedi-
price of a baby. The dramatic value
penhaver also said there is evi-,
cated and serious journalists."
of such tapes is obvious, but the eth-
dence-included in more than 45
It is unclear what Food Lion might
ics of the techniques involved-from
hours of hidden-camera footage,
receive, aside from a possible boost
misrepresentation to the use of false
most of which never aired-showing
to its image, from a trial that is ex-
identities-is hotly debated, making
that Dale and Barnett tried to per-
pected to last more than a month.
even some of its practitioners un-
suade co-workers to sell old meat
Last year, Judge N. Carlton Tilley
comfortable.
and created other unflattering condi-
Jr. ruled that the company cannot
"The principle of a hidden camera
tions highlighted in the expose.
collect for damages to its reputation
is not one that would be repugnant,"
According to brief written excerpts
unless it can prove that the story
Isaid Ken Auletta, media columnist
of those tapes released by the compa-
was inaccurate and that ABC knew it
for the New Yorker. "If we had hid-
ny, Dale deliberately misdated turkey
was false. Food Lion attorneys have
den pictures of a mayor, governor or
parts, in contradiction of another
continued to argue to the judge that
president accepting cash payments,
worker's instructions; re-wrapped
the company deserves the larger
everybody would welcome those hid-
damages.
den pictures. The question is wheth-
er they were achieved in an unethi-
cal manner. If you receive them by
paying a bribe or doctoring evidence
or if you lied to get them, those are
certainly three strictures that
The Washington Post
shouldn't be violated
Did ABC
do something unethical, or did they
THURSDAY, DECEMBER 12, 1996
properly expose something that
should've been exposed?"
Welfare Plan
Methodist, Presbyterian and several
other denominations-represents the
Rebuffed by
breadest and most forceful stand yet
taken against the changes in welfare
programs.
Md. Clerics
"It's not, to my knowledge, being
done anywhere else in the country,"
said Stanley Carlson-Thies, a senior fel-
low-at the Center for Public Justice, a
Coalition Says State
Maryland-based moderate think tank.
"It's hard to see how welfare reform is
Is Asking Too Much
going to work if these organizations just
flatly refuse to "cooperate."
Al
The religious leaders plan to ask
By Jon Jeter
Glendening to suspend Maryland's wel-
Washington Post Staff Writer
fare reform effort, which began officially
in October, while legislators or a state-
A coalition of Maryland religious
appointed task force studies a redesign
leaders says it will nót cooperate in
of the program, Miles said.
the state's redesigned welfare pro-
In complying with federal guidelines
grams and will tell Gov. Parris N.
established during the summer, the
Glendening that its congregations
state's plan limits cash welfare benefits
cannot afford to assume the role the
to-fiye years and requires recipients to
state envisions in providing services
find work after two years. It ultimately
THURSDAY, DECEMBER 12, 1996
to the poor.
eliminates most forms of public aid to
State officials had been counting
legal immigrants who are not U.S. citi-
on the religious community to fill the
zens and restricts the use of food
gap in such areas as transportation
stamps by the working poor.
and child care that formerly were
Today's meeting with the governor
provided by government. But reli-
was (triggered by a legislative subcom-
gious leaders representing 250 con-
mittee's proposal last week to require
gregations plan to tell Glendening
drug tests for all welfare applicants. If
(D) in Baltimore today that they will
the plan is approved by the General As-
not assist the state unless substan-
sembly, Maryland would become the
tive changes are made.
first state to use substance abuse
Prince George's and Montgomery
"We will not participate in this de-
screening as a condition for receiving
counties. Those three jurisdictions ac-
humanizing, misguided effort called
benefits. Moreover, the proposal as-
count for more than 75 percent of the
welfare reform," said the Rev. Doug-
sumes that the religious community will
state's welfare population.
las Miles, pastor of Baltimore's Ko-
administer cash benefits in cases in
In the early part of this century, the
inonia Baptist Church.
which a parent refuses to comply with
religious community-the YMCA, syn-
Sister Jo Ann Villademoros, of
treatment and will buy food, clothes and
agogues and churches-was the prima-
Our Lady of Mercy in Potomac, said:
other necessities for children.
ry provider. of assistance to the poor,
"There is the general feeling that
But lawmakers did not discuss the
said Carlson-Thies. But the Great De-
government is trying to abdicate its
proposal with religious leaders, who
pression changed everything. In the
responsibility and dump everything
generally oppose it for reasons both
years since the New Deal, the very na-
on us. We're doing all we can-al-
practical and ethical.
ture of poverty-and the public's ex-
ready."
Clergy say the proposal reinforces
pectations of what government should
An aide to Glendening said yester-
the damaging stereotype of the poor as
do to help-has changed as well.
day that the administration was un-
criminals, even when there is no clear
It is more difficult for the religious
aware of the religious coalition's po-
evidence that the welfare population is
community to address the intricate and
sition but had heard similar concerns
more likely to abuse drugs than is the
often chronic needs of the poor now, at
in a meeting last week with a small-
greater public.
a time when more people are socially
er group of clergy.
At last week's hearing in Annapolis
isolated and have no ties to institutions
"We have to be cautious about
to discuss the subcommittee's drug
such as the church, Carlson-Thies said.
asking too much," said Donna Ja-
testing proposal, Lynda Fox, deputy
secretary for the state's Department of
But some functions likely are better
cobs, a deputy chief of staff to the
Human Resources, cautioned lawmak-
provided by religious institutions than
governor. "We want to open up the
dialogue, make them more of a part-
ers that the religious community's coop-
by government bureaucracies, he said.
ner in this thing."
eration was not a sure thing in helping
For example, a church might be better
With lean budgets, state officials
to execute the plan.
equipped to find work for poor parishio-
in Maryland, Virginia and across the
Henry Gunn, director of Prince
ners and to provide job references for
nation are beginning to call on the
George's County's Social Services De-
them than a social service agency.
partment, said that religious leaders
"It's a mistake to think that the state
religious community to provide
is just going to back out and social ser-
more than soup kitchens and shel-
have made plain their concerns.
ters for the homeless. Maryland so-
"They pretty much said that it was
vices are just going to be taken up by
cial service officials had anticipated,
the government's responsibility and
the church," he said. "But the faith com-
for example, that congregations
that the government was passing the
munity shouldn't just tell people: 'Sorry,
buck," Gunn said. "It's not necessarily
we don't like this whole idea of this, and
throughout the state would help
See WELFARE. A24. Col. 1
been received with a lot of enthusiasm,
we can't help you out.' We are really
but we have not had people say actively
talking about some new and construc-
WELFARE, From A1
that they're not going to do it."
tive relationship."
them provide child care and transporta-
"I would hate to see the churches pull
tion for poor families, administer cash
out, because it would be very difficult to
benefits and even broker adoptions.
pull this off without them."
Nationally, religious leaders have
Organizers say they expect nearly 60
been vocal in their opposition to the fed-
ministers and other clergy to attend to-
eral welfare overhaul signed in August
day's meeting with Glendening. The
by President Clinton, contending that
group represents fewer than 10 percent
the legislation abandons, rather than
of all churches, synagogues and
helps, the poor. But the organized,
mosques in Maryland, but it is a critical
grass-roots rebellion by a bloc of Mary-
bloc, because it represents the most SO-
land's most activist religious institu-
cially active religious institutions state-
tions-including the Catholic Archdio-
wide, particularly in Baltimore and in
cese of Baltimore, and Jewish, Baptist,
LBJ on tape: Stubbornly manipulative
Lyndon the media's Johnson used his heavy-handed but charming persuasion on everything from enlisting
help
on
a
landmark
civil
rights
bill
to
trying
to
get
his
press
secretary
to
dress
better
Johnson tells Graham.
we're going to have to do it now,"
to point out that fact.
wanted Washington Post reporters
hard at work in Washington, and he
ers had taken while he remained
giving vacations congressional lead-
(Johnson) was right" about Russell.
part of the conversation "because he
er than they are," Johnson says.
to death because he's so much smart-
time you get him he will screw them
next year.
ing up.
He derisively pointed out that dur-
"We are here functioning and
Johnson railed against the Thanks-
Graham says she remembers that
and Lincoln's birthday and by the
Rules Committee) will say it's Easter
tor from Georgia and head of the
"Dick Russell (Democratic sena-
time well into the spring
hearings were expected to eat up
months. Christmas vacation and
leadership wouldn't do anything for
ried aloud that the Senate and House
Senate Rules Committee and wor-
the civil rights bill was tied up in the
In the tape, Johnson fretted that
per was independent," she says.
"I think he understood that the pa-
the Post wasn't caving in.
and less when it became evident that
the beginning of his tenure but less
She says Johnson called often at
to his demands.
president" but says she never gave in
She calls Johnson "a great civil rights
prise to learn that it had been taped.
the conversation but expressed sur-
Graham, in an interview, recalled
help in getting Congress to move.
And he badly wanted the Post's
and was impatient for results.
gressively on his legislative agenda
dent was already moving ahead ag-
Kennedy. It illustrates that the presi-
cy by the assassination of John F.
Johnson was thrust into the presiden-
tion took place just 10 days after
The Johnson-Graham conversa-
other batch will be released early
have been released to the public. An-
About 118 of the 640 hours of tape
been heard by the public.
more than two years, have never
tial Library in Austin, Texas, for
and visitors at the Johnson Presiden-
These tapes, available to scholars
porter," Johnson complains.
'You look like a (expletive) re-
tion press secretary and needs spruc-
dress is too sloppy for an administra-
bluntly telling Reedy that his style of
Reedy, finds an earnest Johnson
Johnson press spokesman George
The other, on Jan. 25, 1964, with
tells Graham.
write a little story on it," Johnson
about it. Was it warm and nice?' And
your Thanksgiving holidays? Tell me
Congress), 'Where did you spend
asking these fellows (members of
"I'd like for (your reporters) to be
son's heavy-handed style.
rights bill, gives a glimpse of John-
leaders to pass a landmark civil
per's aid in prodding congressional
Johnson tried to enlist her newspa-
dent Katharine Graham, in which
2, 1963, with Washington Post presi-
A telephone conversation on Dec.
charming best.
show the Texan at his pushy-yet-
cretly recorded in the Oval Office
than 640 hours of tapes Johnson se-
Excerpts from two of the more
more personally involved than most.
Johnson was just less subtle and
most presidents. Lyndon Baines
ing herd on aides are great sport for
Manipulating the media and rid-
USA TODAY
By Richard Benedetto
Pushing civil rights, 1A
felt like a fish out of water."
were," Reedy says. "In a sense, he
much more intelligent than they
was blind to the fact that he was SO
of armor against these people. He.
country, he regarded clothes as suit
"As a boy from the Texas hill
administration.
cated members of the Kennedy
ing among the many Ivy League-edu-
en by feelings of insecurity about be-
over personal appearance was driv-
Reedy says Johnson's obsession
dent would growl.
par. Then Johnson would call Reedy.
when his appearance wasn't up to
look him over and signal the boss
signed a White House doorman to
if you have to."
look real nice. Get yourself a corset
with a dirty shirt, you come in with
with a wrinkled suit and you come in
help yourself," Johnson pleads. "You
thing" Reedy says.
solute fanatic about personal appear-
was a familiar one.
points.
"Get a haircut, George!" the presi-
Reedy says the president even as-
"OK, sir," Reedy replies.
your tie screwed up. I want you to
don't help yourself. You come in
"I want to do it, but you've got to
poor grooming is holding him back.
higher profile as a spokesman, but
tund Reedy he wants to give him a
On the tape, Johnson tells the Γo-
He just irritated me about that sort of
ance, and I never cared about it a bit.
grievances against me. He was an ab-
"My clothes were one of his pet
unkempt physical appearance
on the tape. But its theme Reedy's
doesn't recall the 1964 conversation
Marquette University, says he
24 years as a journalism professor at
Reedy, now retired after spending
geration," Graham says.
"That was typical Johnson exag-
Graham Commission."
the Warren Commission as the "Kay
rights. Johnson flatteringly refers to
in hope of getting her to help on civil
progress on the Warren Commission
butter Graham up by pointing out his
Johnson appeared to be trying to
commission.
al page supported the creation of the
Johnson told Graham, whose editori-
with him and finally got him to do it,"
"I had to come in here and plead
into the Kennedy assassination.
ren to head a commission looking
persuading Chief Justice Earl War-
difficulty Johnson and others had in
The same tape also alludes to the
"Yeah" and "Yes, sir" to his various
quests for aid, replying "Yes,"
any commitments to Johnson's re-
On the tape, Graham never made
a grain of salt."
learned to live with it and take it with
"He tried to lean on people, but you
"Johnson was Johnson," she says.
have been "ridiculous."
in the way Johnson suggested would
about the vacations, she says; to do so
his orders. The Post never wrote
tors, she gave no directive to follow
tion with the president on to her edi-
passed the content of her conversa-
Graham says that while she
Post to write about the vacations.
he said, shifting into his pitch for the
anything and they're not going to,
working now and they're not passing
they're not here now and they're not
"There wasn't a human here, and
Ind., was "out hunting turkey."
Minority Leader Charles Halleck, R-
D-Minn., were "on the beach"; House
Mont., and Sen. Hubert Humphrey,
Majority Leader Mike Mansfield, D-
ing the Thanksgiving break Senate
USA TODAY
THURSDAY, DECEMBER 12, 1996
MONEYLINE
Age ratings may backfire
Ample sexual content
A QUICK READ ON THE TOP MONEY NEWS OF THE DAY
6
in 8 p.m. 'family hour'
AVIS SEEKS COURT ORDER: Avis
car-
Warnings can end up making shows more enticing
rental company has asked a federal judge in North Carolina
to order an Avis franchisee to give up management of five
By Marilyn Elias
ty. His study of 715 people 9 to 77 showed
locations pending the outcome of a racial bias lawsuit. Avis
By Alan Bash
ally" in sexual education, says Vic-
USA TODAY
that if films carried a label saying they "con-
USA TODAY
and the franchisee, John Dalton, are the targets of a class-
toria Rideout of the watchdog
tained violence," interest in watching was
action lawsuit, claiming Dalton, over a period of years,
group Children Now. "Some shows
Psychologists say there's compelling evi-
no higher than with no label. But when
discriminated against black customers. The lawsuit further
Sexual content crops up in 75%
are doing it but too many are not."
dence the warning labels expected in TV's
"viewer discretion" was advised, desire to
claims that Avis headquarters officials knew of Dalton's
of programs during the "family
The report, released Wednes-
new ratings system could backfire, attract-
watch intensified for 15- to 20-year-olds.
hour," the first hour of prime time
actions, but did not act to stop him. Avis CEO Joseph
day, also examined kids' under-
ing more young viewers to violent shows.
Other studies have found the same effect
Vittoria says his company's investigation has turned up
when most kids are watching, a
standing of TV. Children were
Drafts of the ratings plan, expected next
in kids 10-14, adds Joel Federman of the
additional complaints of racial bias at the five Dalton-
new study finds.
shown scenes with sexual innuen-
owned locations in North and South Carolina. "We will not
week, have been widely leaked to the me-
University of California, Santa Barbara, who
That translates into eight sexual
dos from programs that air during
dia. Sparking the most controversy are la-
directs a national TV violence study funded
tolerate unlawful discrimination by anyone licensed to use
messages an hour - more than
the family hour, 8 p.m. ET/PT.
bels that advise viewer discretion and set
by the cable TV industry.
the Avis name," he says.
four times as many found in pro-
One clip had Fran Drescher's
age appropriateness, such as TV-M (for ma-
Ratings "should be informative, tell the
gram samples from 1976, say re-
character on The Nanny discussing
WOMEN AT TOP:
ture audiences), instead of describing con-
level of violence or sexual content, but not
Nearly a fifth of Fortune 500
searchers at the University of Cali-
the time she lost her "Virgin Airline
tent of the shows.
give advice. These proposed ratings want to
fornia, Santa Barbara.
companies don't have female directors and typically have
plane tickets." Nearly all 11- to 13-
"We know from study after study that all
make judgments for other people's children,
only men in top jobs, according to Catalyst, a nonprofit.
The report's sponsors say that
year-olds and some 8- to 10-year-
kids have to do is see 'This is for mature au-
and we can predict they'll have the opposite
while a rise in such content may
group that works to advance women in business. The group
olds caught the innuendo.
diences,' and they're going to want to watch
effect to what's intended," Federman says.
says that while more companies added women to their
not be surprising, parents may be
Rideout says the findings "really
boards last year, the rate slowed. There are 417 Fortune
it," says Rowell Huesmann of the University
The American Psychological Association,
shocked to learn that only 1 in 10 of
reinforce" her group's opposition to
of Michigan, Ann Arbor.
Children's Defense Fund and several con-
500 companies with one or more women on their boards, an
such discussions addresses the
an age-based ratings code for TV,
The newest findings show those ages 15-
gressmen plan a press conference today to
risks and responsibilities of sex.
increase of 13 companies or 3% from the previous year, the
now proposed. Instead, she says,
20 are most likely to want "forbidden fruit,"
group found in an annual survey of women on boards. The
oppose age-based ratings and to support rat-
"There is a huge potential for
the code should specify the level of
says Brad Bushman of Iowa State Universi-
ings that give content information.
television to be a very powerful
number of boards with female directors rose by 7% from
sex and violence in each show.
1994 to 1995, and 9% from 1993 to 1994.
USA TODAY:
THURSDAY, DECEMBER 12, 1996
PHOTOCOPY
PRESERVATION
10
File
personal
ONDAY, DECEMBER 2, 1996
National Repo1
The New York Times
Kansas City to Restore Grandeur of Train Station
By KEITH BRADSHER
KANSAS CITY, Mo. - From the
side, the gray limestone walls and
unite entryways of this city's train
tion look untouched by time, still
sturdy as in World War II, when
If the nation's soldiers passed
ough its cavernous halls.
But inside the shuttered station,
white marble floors are strewn
h brown gravel where thick
inks of plaster have plunged 105
t from the ceiling and smashed to
S. Where the plaster has fallen
ay, all that remains of the ceiling
grids of rusting iron rods, in
terns like the honeycomb of a
ken bee hive.
After two decades of hand-wring-
over how to save the building,
ea voters have decided to restore
station to its former glory, ap-
oving earlier this month a local
es tax that will raise $118 million
repair the building and install a
ish science museum inside.
The project is one of many as
ies across the nation have been
scuing graceful old train stations
what amounts to a second railroad
om, a century after the Golden
e of Railroads.
The trend was started by the finan-
1 success of train station restora-
David Hutson for The New York Time:
ns that began in the 1980's in the
At Union Station in Kansas City, Mo., the lobby features beige acorn rosettes on the ceiling and 3,000-pounc
st. Large train stations in Wash-
ton and Philadelphia have al-
iron chandeliers. Voters approved a local sales tax to restore the Beaux-Arts building, which opened in 1914
dy been refurbished, offering
in service and ample room for
tion of strong interest by retailers
On June 17, 1933, the station was
by, the ceiling's original beige acorr
staurants and shops.
and a Federal subsidy program
the scene of the Kansas City Massa-
rosettes, up to 30 feet wide, are still
Some smaller cities, like Omaha,
started in 1991 has provided much of
cre, in which Charles (Pretty Boy)
visible against blue and rose back-
b., and Lawrence, Kan., have
the money to restore stations to their
Floyd and two other gangsters ma-
grounds. But large patches of the
re recently renovated their sta-
former glory.
chine-gunned to death four Federal
ceiling are stained white where leak-
ns. And some of the most difficult
But to refurbish the biggest train
and local law-enforcement officials
ing rain has leached acid from the
storation projects, like Union Sta-
stations, local tax dollars are still
in an attempt to free Frank Nash, a
plaster. The adjacent waiting room
n here and Grand Central in New
needed. "Redeveloping Kansas
train robber who was also killed in
which stretches the length of a foot-
rk, are finally being tackled. With
City's Union Station is similar in
the shootout. The incident left bullet
ball field from the entrance, also has
money finally available to fix
scale and complexity to the restora-
scars that are still visible in the gray
water damage.
ion Station, only a few large train
tions of New York's Ellis Island, the
granite of the station's southeast en-
But the building's basic structure
tions, notably in Detroit and Buf-
Statue of Liberty and Washington,
trance and led to a decision that
like that of many rail stations across
0, are being left to deteriorate.
D.C.'s, Union Station," said G. An-
agents of the Federal Bureau of In-
the country, is still sound. Restoring
'We are in the heyday of restoring
drew Scott, the executive director of
vestigation should begin carrying
and preserving the ceiling and many
renovating these buildings," said
the Union Station Assistance Corpo-
firearms regularly.
other features, like the 3,000-pound
net Greenstein Potter. the author
ration, the nonprofit group that owns
But the rise of airlines in the 1950's
iron chandeliers in the grand lobby
a recent book on American rail
the rail station and is renovating it.
and 1960's crippled demand for pas-
and the pink granite arches between
ations. "This is a golden age of
Opened on Oct. 30, 1914, the train
senger train travel here and else-
rooms, is not a technical challenge
storation."
station is a vast Beaux Arts-building
where. Union Station began to deteri-
said Mary Oehrlein, an architect or
Historic preservation laws, in-
designed by the Chicago architect
orate quickly when it was ciosed
the project who specializes in the
red partly by the demolition of
Jarvis Hunt; by some measures, it is
soon after passenger train service
preservation of old buildings.
W York's Penn Station in 1962,
the nation's second-largest train sta-
was moved to a small, adjacent Am-
"There's just a lot of it, and there
ve made it hard to tear down old
tion, after Grand Central. It has a
trak building in 1985.
fore it's expensive," she said.
in stations, forcing cities 10 find
colorful history as one of the main
Where the plaster has not fallen
Money for the restoration and sci
er uses for them. The combina-
rail gateways to the American West.
away inside the towering grand lob-
ence museum project, scheduled for
private contributions. But most
the money will come from the ne
sales tax here.
Four of the five counties in th
Kansas City area approved on Nov.
Why SBLI?
an additional tax of an eighth of
penny on each dollar of sales: Jac}
son, Clay and Platte Counties in Mi
souri, and Johnson County in Kansa
The only county to disapprove it wa
Wyandotte County in Kansas, a hea
ily industrialized, low-income are
that responded to the opposition (
some Kansas politicians.
Gary A. Merritt, a Republica
Bianca Verdure
member of the Kansas House of Rej
resentatives who represents a di:
Legal Secretary &
trict in Johnson County, was a lead
ing opponent of the tax. "It's in
SBLI Customer
appropriate to collect sales taxes fc
New York City
nonessential items," he said, addin
that money from Kansas should no
be used to restore a rail station 0
the Missouri side of the city.
Mr. Scott said that Wyandotte res
dents would not have to pay the sale
tax because they voted against it bu
would still be able to visit the sta
tion's science museum and restau
rants when it is restored.
SBLI'S FIXED COST
The new museum, for which th
average admission is expected to b
15 YEAR
$4, will allow visitors to walk throug
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replicas of workplaces, with actor
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the president of the Kansas City Mu
seum, which will manage the nev
museum. The design will leave mos
$50,000
of the station's architectural detail:
visible, like the long grooves worn in
the marble floors where waiting pas
sengers sitting on benches scuffe
$85
their shoes back and forth.
The restoration plans do not cal
A YEAR*
for a resumption of train service a
the station. Where trains once en
tered, an addition will be built to
house an Imax theater and a plane
tarium.
"Do you know why I bought SBLI? I needed insurance
While the restored station will also
house several restaurants, it will no
for my daughter, and it was the least expensive."
have a big shopping area, as the St
Louis train station does.
Washington's train station has S(
If you're looking for low, fixed cost
Visit your community savings
many stores that it has drawn criti
cism from preservationists, who pre
life insurance protection, SBLI's new
institution or call for more details.
fer to see resumed train service or at
least a museum, as was done in
15 Year Convertible Term Insurance
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mond museum is housed in a station
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designed by John Russell Pope, the
needs and gives you $50,000 of
SAVINGS BANK
architect of the Jefferson Memorial
in Washington.
protection for only $85 a year* And
Museum directors, in turn, have
that premium will not go up for the
SBLI
been delighted to use restored train
stations, said Bonnie VanDorn, the
executive director of the Association
entire 15 years. Plus your term policy
of Science-Technology Centers, a
is guaranteed convertible to an SBLI
LIFE INSURANCE
trade group for science museums
that is based in Washington. "In the
Whole Life Plan.
The Smart Way To Buy Life Insurance
end," she said, "you've got a gor-
geous space with an architecture
that is often classic and always
*Rate for 30 year old female who does not use tobacco and shows evidence of good health. Life insurance is not a federally insured deposit. SBLI Fund, New York, NY For
grand."
people who live or work in New York State and their close relatives throughout the United States.
DO NOT FORGET THE NEEDIEST!
PHOTOCOPY
PRESERVATION
DELMERCA 13 1996 PM DEC }
To
I
-
Maggie Williams
Office Of The First Lady
O.E.O.B., Room 100
Washington, D.C. 20500
Personal
Santa Monica, California 90401
1460 Fourth Street, Suite 212
Great wisdom is generous.
-Chuang Tsu
season's greetings
Wishing you
well
Peace, Love, Joy and Health
PRESERVATION
PHOTOCOPY
Margery Tabankin
Forgiveness is not an occasional act; it is a permanent attitude.
-
Martin Luther King Jr.
The Sacred Concerts: In The Beginning God - Duke Ellington
Prayer from the heart can achieve what nothing else can in the
world. - Mahatma Gandhi
Truth has no special time of it S own. It S hour is now - always.
-Albert Schweitzer
&
Many waters cannotquer
Song of Solomon 8:7
May peace and
peace and peace
The greatest reve
tilli
10 Tzu
be everywhere.
-Upanishads
All, everything that I understand
erstand only because I love.
-Leo Tolstoy
The greatest wisdom we can hope to acquire Is the wisdom of
KOCO NY is an active participant and contributor to The Hunger Project, a non-profit organization
humility: humility is endless. -T.S.Eliot
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Planet Earth is an ecological
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Faith, hope, love abide these three; but the greatest of these is
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love Make love your aim. -Paul to the Corinthians 13:4
Dear Maggie!
An best wishes in 97%
beyond Wonderful seeing you
in December- and Thank your your -
connect to Erelyn Licberwood at her
we hada great invoice ation at
house. Hope I see yru
The In angural !
Season's Greetings
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CZECH REPUBLIC
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works WILLY
+
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X
Personal
Ms. Mai garet A. Williams
Assistent to The President
PAR AVION
The Chrif betwelt Hothe House, First Lady
Washungton, DC USA
I INCURRED m canch's CII 11 right
All proceeds donated to Czech charities
Photo: courtesy of Judith Gardner
Typography prepared by
Trilabit S.T.O.
are
TRILABIT
PHOTOCOPY
PRESERVATION
December 1996
Dear Maggie,
HOW are you? I hope you aRe doing well!
I WeNt to Chicago OVER Thanksgiving 2Nd had a great. time.
May the Gentle Light
I had lunch with fRieNdS I haven't SeeN IN awhile
My mom 2Nd I 2150 tRied a lot of New RestauRants
of Christmas Shine
We WeNt to one place called The RaiNfoRest Café. EveN
though it IS a bit commeRCialized, it IS 2 Really interesting
place It tRies to RecReate 2 RaiNfoRest atmospheRe
Happy
inside the RestauRaNt with thunder, lightening, and
Mary
Waterfalls. I think your Niece Would Love it, aNd
I think there is ONE IN PotomAC Mall,
I hope you have I fabulous holiday SEASON!
Xmas
Card
A
1
Xmas
Card
PHOTOCOPY
PRESERVATION
RECYCLED
Paper Greetings
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the use of 100% recycled paper in
greeting cards in 1971. Now we use
more than 2,500 tons of recycled paper
each year in publishing our cards.
Recycled Paper Greetings offers the
best work of more than 150 free-lance
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This card is printed on 100% recycled paper.
cards by mary c. melcher
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GEN-503678
HSS
WASH D.C. GMF DCR#1 12/09/96 19:22
Mary L. Smith
1633 1/2 19th Street N.W., Apt. A
Washington, D.C. 20009-1681
Maggie Williams
Chief of Staff
office of the FIRST 12dy
The White House
Washington, D.C. 20501
A
0
+0,32
then
file
The Honourable Margaret Williams
persons
Assistant to the President and
-
I
Chief of staff to the First Lady
Room 100
Old Executive Office Building
725 17th Street
Washington, D.C.
20000/3393
THE
were
Raymond and Kay
Roymond and Kay Chartien
the
LICENSE
Official Residence
Embassy of Canada
Washington, D.C.
PHOTOCOPY
PRESERVATION
On the occasion of the presentation of
Land Dunes at Sunset, Atlantic City
by Henry Ossawa Tanner
to the White House Collection
The President and Mrs. Clinton
request the p leasure cfyour, company at
10/ceremony to be held at
The White House
on Tuesday, October 29,1996
at six oidock
Reception to follow
Please present this card
VISITORS NTRANCE
The White House
a
Please respond to
NOT TRANSFERABLE
The Social Secretary
The White House
at your earliest convenience
(202) 456-7787
THE WHITE HOUSE
The Honorable
Margaret a Walliams
Room 100
Executive Office Building