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Constitutional Rights Foundation [1]
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Constitutional Rights Foundation [1]
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Richard C. (Rick) Allen's Files
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FOIA Number: 2013-0661-F (2)
FOIA
MARKER
This is not a textual record. This is used as an
administrative marker by the William J. Clinton
Presidential Library Staff.
Collection/Record Group:
Clinton Presidential Records
Subgroup/Office of Origin:
National Service
Series/Staff Member:
Rick Allen
Subseries:
OA/ID Number:
2148
FolderID:
Folder Title:
Constitutional Rights Foundation [1]
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S
66
2
2
1
file : CRF
Clinton Presidential Records
Digital Records Marker
This is not a presidential record. This is used as an administrative
marker by the William J. Clinton Presidential Library Staff.
This marker identifies the place of a publication.
Publications have not been scanned in their entirety for the purpose
of digitization. To see the full publication please search online or
visit the Clinton Presidential Library's Research Room.
CRF
SCHOOL YOUTH SERVICE
X N E T W O R K
CONSTITUTIONAL RIGHTS FOUNDATION
Spring 1993 vol. 4 issue 2
EDUCATING FOR CITIZENSHIP: The Role of Service
Preparing Citizens Through Service
service to the person or community served is more likely to
By Todd Clark
help youth develop skills in analysis and evaluation.
Linking service to the school curriculum is widely ac-
In recent years, growing numbers of American youth have
cepted as a means of enhancing the impact of service.
their willingness, even eagerness, to engage
When service calls for students to use concepts and skills
in service to solve some of the most critical social problems
first introduced in a core discipline-when service becomes,
confronting our nation. With the
in effect, a community
groundwork laid by youth programs long
"lab"-the added element of
active across the nation and recent back-
practical application en-
ing from the National and Community
riches student learning.
Service Act of 1990, youth service has
One question subject to
burgeoned. President Clinton's pledge to
considerable debate, how-
open up opportunities to utilize service
ever, is how service can best
to earn or pay back college loans will no
educate youth for active
doubt attract even more young people.
citizenship.
As programs proliferate, as we edge
There are those who
toward the goal of service as a common
view all service as education
expectation of youth, it is vital that we
for citizenship because it en-
consider carefully not only what service
genders self-esteem, em-
can do for society but what service can,
pathy, and a sense of
will, and should do for American youth.
caring-qualities important
What do service experiences offer
in "good citizens." Others
participating youth? Although we await firm data, many of us
maintain that engaging in service of genuine value to the
active in the field would stipulate that service helps young
community educates young people for citizenship. Then
people develop self-esteem and empathy and enhances a
there are those-myself among them-who have concluded
participant's capacity to feel a positive part of his or her
that service, though demonstrably valuable to youth and
community. In addition, service can assist youth to develop
community, does not in and of itself constitute powerful
skills important to success in the work force.
education for citizenship. More is needed.
Most of us also would agree that structured oppor-
Opinions differ on what the "more" is. My own view
tunities for reflection increase the benefit of service to
grows out of our experiences at Constitutional Rights
youth. The impact of reflection, of course, varies with its
Foundation, where our history has been one of gradual
focus. Reflection focused on personal motivation can
evolution from volunteer service programs toward
deepen self-awareness. Reflection directed to the value of
(Continued on page four.)
IN THIS ISSUE
This issue of NETWORK examines the links between
Program Profiles
pages 2&3
youth service and citizenship education. How do young
National Scene
page 5
people acquire citizenship skills through community ser-
Perspectives from the Field
pages 6&7
vice? Are there specific approaches to youth service that
Conferences
enhance its power as citizenship education? Leaders in
page 8
the field offer their opinions on these questions; program
Curriculum Links
page 8
profiles illustrate some innovative approaches. Also in-
Moving Toward Citizenship
cluded is information on resources of particular interest
A Reflection Activity
page 9
to civic educators and service practitioners.
Resources and Review Corner
pages 10&1
Clinton Presidential Records
Digital Records Marker
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marker by the William J. Clinton Presidential Library Staff.
This marker identifies the place of a publication.
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of digitization. To see the full publication please search online or
visit the Clinton Presidential Library's Research Room.
(8 pp.)
what's Your Decision?
Business Issues in the classroom
Business
Issues
in the
Classroom:
What's Your
Decision?
CCCM
CRF
Constitutional Rights Foundation
for success without hard
trying to harvest where you haven't pl
Here's What Our Participants Say
About the Program
The students are great. Honest, forthright, they don't
pull any punches. They really keep me on my toes and
and
remind me what this program is all about. I urge all
adults to keep in touch with our young people this way.
the
It's immensely satisfying.
-Irv Kaze, Commissioner, Continental Basketball
LAW
Association
Lessons of this type are fused easily with regular cur-
riculum. The historical perspectives are great!
- Teacher, Belvedere Junior High, Los Angeles
Lucius Allen, former Los Angeles Laker, with Patricia Whiting's stu-
I was very skeptical about this program before I came
dents at the Compton Youth Action Center.
to the teacher training. However, I got some useful
and practical information and ideas for my classroom.
It's
The program will be incorporated because sports is
The Sports and the Law Challenge
very motivating to most students.
- Teacher, Markham Intermediate, Los Angeles
How
How do you develop positive attitudes about citizen-
ship and education among junior high and high school
I learned a lot about contracts and how sports people
students? A first step is the development of a link between
have to read theirs, just like I have to be careful with
You
students and educators through the introduction of a
a rent agreement or insurance.
subject matter that stimulates interest while promoting
- Student, Central High School, Los Angeles
responsibility. Convincing young people to be active
Play
members of society by living and playing by the rules
I learned the difference between rules and laws, and
LAKERS
is a challenge; a challenge being met by the Constitu-
what would happen if we didn't have rules in sports
and in our lives.
The
tional Rights Foundation's Sports and the Law Program.
5
- -Student, Phoenix Continuation High School, Venice
The problems associated with today's students are as
Game
varied as they are complex. There are no simple solu-
tions, but what the Sports and the Law Program does
provide is a beginning.
CRE
The program draws on young people's natural interest
in and appreciation of sports and athletics to stimulate
their involvement in education. By learning how to play
AMATEUR ATHLETIC FOUNDATION
the game, and how rules relate to society, students
acquire the knowledge necessary to make the choice
Constitutional Rights Foundation
to become responsible citizens and effective partici-
601 South Kingsley Drive
pants in our democracy.
Los Angeles, California 90005
Enhancing the effectiveness of the program is the par-
(213) 487-5590
ticipation of Athletes and other Sports Professionals.
N.B.A. Referee Bruce Alexander visits a classroom.
In their school visits, they serve both as role models
iddle) Program volunteers Vivian Riddick, attorney and member of the
Amateur Athletic Foundation of Los Angeles
and as experts. This generates enthusiasm and excite-
80 Olympic team, Barbara Jackson, attorney and former college athlete
2141 West Adams Boulevard
ment for the many topics associated with Sports and
coach, with Mike Garrett, Community sports activist, Heisman Trophy
and professional football player.
Los Angeles, California 90018
the Law.
ottom) Continental Basketball Association Commissioner Irv Kaze asks
udents, "How many of you have heroes?"
A program of the
Constitutional Rights Foundation
Use of LAOOC pictograms by permission of Amateur Athletic Foundation ©1981 L.A. Olympic Committee
The Sports Connection
Working With Teachers and Students
Sports serves as the perfect vehicle for helping students
The multi-faceted program involves teachers and stu-
understand both contemporary and historical issues
dents through presentations, workshops, and publica-
of law, ethics, and citizenship. The issues themselves
tions.
are controversial, compelling and can spark participa-
tion and interest from a broad range of students.
Sports and Legal Volunteers participate in classroom
and panel discussions held at schools and institutions
Topics include:
involved in the program. Participants include agents/
lawyers, athletes, sports franchise executives, journal-
Contract Negotiations: How the negotiation of a
ists, arbitrators, etc.
million-dollar sports contract corresponds to the issues
involved with contracts that all citizens face
Teacher Training Workshops are offered by CRF staff.
The workshops provide teachers with Sports and the
International Relations: The issues involved with the
Law lesson plans, activities, and strategies for imple-
participation and/or exclusion of athletes from countries
menting materials in the classroom. New lesson plans
with human rights violations
are continually developed by CRF staff, teachers and
classroom volunteers.
Illegal Substances: The choices, penalties, and effects
of performance enhancing and street drugs in sports
Sports and the Law Newsletter, published quarterly,
competition
provides participants with sports/law articles, inter-
views, role-playing games, and classroom simulations.
Ethics and Sports: The legal process as seen in sports
pages reflect controversies which are timely and pro-
Anita DeFrantz, Olympic athlete, member of the IOC, and President
In addition, one-page Sports and the Law "Briefs"
of the Amateur Athletic Foundation.
highlighting current events are provided to schools.
vocative
Sports and Law Textbook contains lessons and read-
Dedication and Hard Work: The drive and spirit
Sports and the Law Momentum
ings in areas such as rules, responsibility, fairness,
demonstrated by athletes recovering from career
resolving conflict and contracts. Contemporary case
OR
threatening injuries or overcoming great odds to
Sports and the Law is a program of the Constitutional
studies bring the program concepts to life while simu-
succeed
Rights Foundation (CRF) and the Amateur Athletic
lations provide an opportunity for active role-playing.
Foundation of Los Angeles (AAFLA). The program has
steadily expanded since its inception in 1985. CRF, a
Sports and the Law Video, featuring well-known sports
SPORTS
non-profit organization founded in 1962, has intro-
figures, parallels the material in the text and is seg-
duced a variety of highly successful legal education,
mented to promote discussion on specific topics.
business and citizenship programs to California and
throughout the nation. AAFLA, a legacy of the 1984
Sports and the Law Conference, A one-day event with
Olympics, is committed to creating and supporting
workshops on contemporary sports-related issues in-
high quality sports experiences for youth throughout
cluding: drugs and sports, women and sports, contracts
Southern California, and increasing the appreciation
and negotiations, and the business of sports.
and understanding of sports and its impact on our lives.
For further information on the Sports and the Law
(top) CRF Staffperson Russ Donnelly interacts with students.
Program, please contact the Constitutional Rights Foun-
(middle) Tommy Lasorda signs a baseball card for student speaker Albert
THE LAW
dation at (213) 487-5590.
Andrade at the Sports and the Law Dinner.
(bottom) University of Southern California Assistant Athletic Director Ron
Orr with Sports and the Law Students.
1993
EDUCATING TUMORROWS CITIZENS FOUND
CRF
CONST
RTS.
100000000000000
CONST EDUCATING CRF RTS. TUMORROWS CITIZENS FOUND.
1993
Constitutional
Orights
foundation
CRF'S MISSION CAN BE FOUND IN OUR NAME
CONSTITUTIONAL
RIGHTS
FOUNDATION
Selected
CRF Publications
CRF combines the knowledge and experience of
CRF programs and materials encourage the social
CRF programs provide a foundation of knowledge,
Government and Law
educational and legal professionals to teach young
responsibility and civic participation necessary for
skills, and attitudes from which youth gain a strong
people about the underlying principles of the
active citizenship. CRF educates young people about
Criminal Justice in America
understanding about our basic freedoms and their
From the School Newsroom to
Constitution and its Bill of Rights, the cornerstones
our system of justice and its important role in
applications in today's world.
The Courtroom
of our society.
protecting the rights of an individual and the rights of
The Drug Question
CRF Mock Trial Series
society.
Special Needs Students
It's Yours: The Bill of Rights
LAW-RELATED EDUCATION LRE
CIVIC PARTICIPATION AND SERVICE
The Streets, the Courts, and the
CRF AIMS TO EDUCATE
Community
Constitutional Rights Foundation provides practical
LEARNING
Established in 1962, CRF, a non-profit, non-partisan
U.S. History
guidance and assistance in establishing law-related
Constitutional Rights Foundation provides practical
educational foundation offers quality educational
American Album
education in middle schools and high schools.
assistance in starting or improving school-based
programs and publications in the areas of law and
We the People
youth community service programs.
government, business, and civic participation.
Foundations of Freedom
Letters of Liberty
CRF conducts workshops for students, teachers, and
World History
staff development specialists. We bring outside
By challenging youth to explore and address
National Programs:
Of Codes and Crowns
resource experts to the classroom and offer materials
community needs, CRF's civic participation programs
covering a broad range of law-related topics. These
bring to life the rights and responsibilities of active
Active Citizenship Today--A Service Learning Program
Film Strips and
materials are useful for infusion in many courses:
citizenship.
Law-Related Education for ESL
Simulations
government, U.S. history, world history, economics,
National Outreach in Youth Community Service
Police Patrol
business, juvenile justice, and ESL courses.
OJJDP National Training and Dissemination Program
Sha-Law-Law: Justice, the Courts,
CRF publishes the free School Youth Service
and You
We the Jury
NETWORK, welcomes telephone inquiries, and
All CRF materials include a variety of effective,
supplies free "starter kits" on service learning to
Other CRF Sponsored Programs:
Our Free Quarterly
interactive teaching techniques. Lesson plans are
interested elementary, middle, and high school teachers.
Business in Society
Publication
always provided in the materials, including our free
CRF also conducts teacher trainings and works closely
California State Mock Trial Competition
Bill of Rights in Action
quarterly publication, Bill of Rights in Action,
with select school districts to develop programs that
History Day in California
which is filled with reproducible lessons on social and
integrate service into the curriculum. Lesson plans and
Law Day Conferences and Polls
historical topics.
other civic participation materials emphasize interactive
Lawyers in the Classroom
teaching techniques and promote realistic under-
Partners for Success--Juvenile Justice Mentor Progra
standing of public policy issues.
Sports and the Law
Youth Task Force L.A.
Youth Serve L.A.
Constitutional Rights Foundation
601 South Kingsley Drive
Los Angeles, CA 90005
TEL (213) 487-5590
FAX (213) 386-0459
Chicago
Constitutional Rights Foundation
407 South Dearborn, Suite 1700
Chicago, II 60605
TEL (312) 663-9057
FAX (312) 663-4321
ACTIVE CITIZENSHIP TODAY
WHAT EDUCATORS AND COM-
ACTIVE
MUNITY LEADERS ARE SAYING
(ACT) is an exciting new educa-
ABOUT ACT:
CITIZENSHIP
[ACT]
will help provide students with a clear
tional project designed to help
understanding of the complexity of the problems
TODAY
in today's world, as well as actual practice in the
skills of citizenship that are so necessary for the
middle school and high school
preservation of our democratic system.
BRINGING SCHOOLS AND COMMUNITIES
Lewis W. Finch, Superintendent
Jefferson County Public Schools, Golden, Colorado
TOGETHER TO MEET TODAY'S
students develop the skills,
CHALLENGES
In the 1990s, schools are being asked
to provide
instructional programs that allow students to develop
knowledge, and attitudes needed
and practice critical thinking and problem solving
skills
and to provide connections between the
classroom and the real world in our curricula. We
for responsible participation in
see ACT as an excellent program
to assist us in
accomplishing these mandates.
democracy. By combining com-
Richard M. Werkheiser, Director of Secondary Education
Omaha Public Schools, Omaha, Nebraska
munity service and the study of
The leaders of tomorrow are attending our schools
today. Incorporating community service into the
curriculum is yet one more way to challenge our
public policy in social studies
young people to not only think, but to think about
their tomorrows.
Beth Fisher, Assistant Vice President
curriculum, ACT sets a bold
Corporate Communications
Trustmark National Bank, Jackson, Mississippi
new course for education. ACT
If you would like to find out more about how ACT can work
in your community, çall or write to:
transforms the classroom into an
Frank Dirks
Close Up Foundation
44 Canal Center Plaza
interactive learning environment
Alexandria, Virginia 22314
800-336-5479, ext. 350
or
and challenges students to learn
Susan Phillips
Constitutional Rights Foundation
601 South Kingsley Drive
through active involvement in
Los Angeles, California 90005
213-487-5590
CLOSE UP
Constitutional Rights
CRF
Foundation
their communities.
A service-learning. project conducted by the Close Up Foun-
dation and the Constitutional Rights Foundation and funded
1275-93
by a grant from the DeWitt Wallace-Reader's Digest Fund.
ACT IN THE SCHOOLS
Using their communities as laboratories,
schools participating in ACT make com-
munity service a part of their social studies
curriculum. Students learn to compile,
organize, and analyze information on
issues of community interest; evalu-
CREATING
ate relevant policy options; and
PARTNERSHIPS
then take action. This method
BETWEEN
of teaching, known as
SCHOOLS AND
service-learning, has proven
THE ORGANIZATIONS BEHIND
effective in helping students
COMMUNITIES
ACTIVE CITIZENSHIP TODAY
develop basic social, analytical,
and communication skills. By learning
act helps schools and communities work
together toward a common goal: involving
CONSTITUTIONAL RIGHTS FOUNDATION
about and working to meet community needs,
young people in the civic life of their commu-
Established in 1962, the Constitutional Rights
students see firsthand how they can make a
nities and country. In ACT, teachers join
Foundation has been a pioneer in innovative
difference in their world. Through involve-
ment with their communities, young people
forces with representatives from local govern-
citizenship education programs that encour-
develop a greater understanding and
ment agencies, social service organizations,
age young people to participate in U.S. justice,
appreciation of their rights and respon-
volunteer centers, and businesses to provide
government, and business systems. The
sibilities as citizens.
meaningful service opportunities for stu-
Foundation also helps young people under-
dents. These diverse groups of educators,
stand the principles of the Constitution and
parents, and community leaders form
the Bill of Rights, the cornerstones of our
school district teams to identify potential
society.
projects, create a support network for
future program development, and enhance
CLOSE UP FOUNDATION
community involvement.
Since its founding in 1970, the Close Up
Foundation has grown to become the largest
In its first year, the ACT project will be imple-
citizenship organization in the United States.
mented in five school districts across the
The nonprofit, nonpartisan Foundation
nation-Grand Rapids, Mich. (District
encourages responsible and informed partici
Coordinator: Fritz Crabb); Jackson, Miss.
pation in the democratic process through
(District Coordinator: Jim Sullivan); Jefferson
educational programs, publications, and tele-
County, Colo. (District Coordinator: Brian
vision programming for students, teachers,
Loney); Omaha, Nebr. (District Coordinator:
and senior citizens.
Rick Werkheiser); and Northside
Independent School District, San
DEWITT WALLACE-READER'S DIGEST FUND
Antonio, Tex. (District Coordinator:
Committed to increasing educational and
Larry Bybee).
career opportunities for all youth, the
DeWitt Wallace-Reader's Digest Fund
These districts will serve as national
invests nationwide, bringing together peo-
models for extending student service-
ple and programs to improve the effective-
learning throughout the United
ness of schools and other organizations that
States. ACT will consult with other
serve youth. Since 1989, the Fund has com-
interested school districts nationwide and
mitted more than $7.5 million to service-
make resource materials available for broad
learning programs across the country.
distribution.
Clinton Presidential Records
Digital Records Marker
This is not a presidential record. This is used as an administrative
marker by the William J. Clinton Presidential Library Staff.
This marker identifies the place of a publication.
Publications have not been scanned in their entirety for the purpose
of digitization. To see the full publication please search online or
visit the Clinton Presidential Library's Research Room.
X
Constitutional Rights
Foundation
CRF
Sports & the Law
Volume 6, No.3, Summer 1992
FEATURES
The Olympic Games:
The Best of the Best or
The Best of the Rest
2
The Olympic Experience
Jim Thorpe: Olympic
Triumph and Tragedy
Cosponsored by the:
AMATEUR ATHLETIC FOUNDATION
OFLOSANGELES
EXIT
He's back! High-flying NBA-star Michael Jordan will play on this year's U.S. Olympic basketball team.
Jordan previously played on the gold-medal-winning U.S. team in 1984. (UPI/Bettmann)
Constitutional Rights
Foundation
CRF
CONSTITUTIONAL RIGHTS FOUNDATION
YOUTH TASK FORCE LA: Education, Action Leadership
Constitutional Rights Foundation (CRF) is actively involving youth throughout Los Angeles is
developing and implementing community action projects. Youth Task Force LA, funded in part by the
Commission on National and Community Service, includes 30 Teams, each from a different high
school, continuation school or community agency, in leadership training and community problem-
solving. The goal of Youth Task Force LA is to involve youth in the healing and rebuilding of our
communities by providing training and assistance in planning and implementing projects in their
schools and neighborhoods. In the aftermath of the LA civil unrest, it is especially important that
youth are included in identifying community problems and collaborating with community agencies,
local government and business leaders to develop and implement projects to address concerns.
Youth focus on the following four community issues: youth development and urban education; police
and community relations; community and economic development; and race relations. The following
projects exemplify the role youth are playing in this community action:
King Drew Medical Magnet is addressing the conflict and misunderstanding among the Latino and
African American communities by coordinating an exchange program in which students pair cross-
culturally and spend a weekend in each others homes, better understanding and valuing cultural
differences.
Dominguez High School in Compton is taking back a community park that has been overrun by gangs
and drugs. They have approached the city, neighbors and gang members with a proposal to rebuild
the park, remove graffiti, replace basketball rims and playground equipment and cut the grass.
Schools throughout the Compton area, including Compton High, Regina Caeli, Verbum Dai,
Dominguez I ligh and Centennial High have developed a mentoring program for local elementary and
middle school youth and their parents. Monthly activities bring together the community in social,
recreational, cultural and service activities.
El Centro de Pueblo, a Continuation high school, is closely examining their concerns with gangs by
developing a gang peace treaty among themselves and their peers. To better understand different
issues related to gangs, they have invited guests, including ex-gang members, police officers and
university professors to work with them.
Hamilton High School has developed a "Trainer of Trainers" program that teaches youth skills in
facilitating workshops on multiculturalism and race relations. Workshops at the school will be
ongoing and ultimately involve all 2500 students in training. They also plan to "take the show on the
road" by facilitating similar workshops at the local elementary and middle schools.
Compton High School and Regina Caeli will work collaboratively with community resident volunteers
to refurbish a mile-long residential area. They will work together cutting the grass, painting the fire
hydrants and sidewalks, planting tress and establishing a neighborhood watch team. The youth have
gotten materials donated by local businesses.
For information, contact Todd Clark or Kathleen Kirby, Constitutional Rights Foundation, 601 S.
Kingsley Drive, Los Angeles, CA 90005 213/487-5590.
Constitutional Rights Foundation
BUSINESS IN SOCIETY
Our new program, Business in Society, brings students, teachers and business leaders
together in the exploration of how business and public interests interact.
Understanding the interaction between the public and private sectors and the issues that
shape that relationship will help students understand the economic impact of their
political, financial and professional decisions, and will help CRF achieve its mission of
helping high school students become active and responsible citizens.
The new program identifies three audiences for whom programs are created: students,
teachers and business leaders who participate as volunteers. Relationships and activities
developed for the program will be on-going, organized around an annual theme, and
integrated with other CRF programs.
Five core components define the program. The Business in Society Seminars are a
series of on- and off-campus conferences which explore the issues defined by the annual
theme and which are presented initially at the annual Business Issues Day in October.
On-campus conferences will take a more focused look at these same issues and involve
students and teachers who for a variety of reasons could not attend Business Issues Day.
Business Partnerships is a series of on-going, semester or year long relationships
between a team of business leaders and a class or school with whom they meet several
times during the semester and which culminates in class projects that demonstrate the
concepts developed and discussed during the meetings. Business leaders have talked
about their experiences in the classroom with great enthusiasm.
Exploring Business Environments is a series of site visits that encourage an
understanding of how specific businesses operate and their perspectives on business
issues and policy. Students will have a chance to see a business environment and get a
true sense of how a company is organized and operates.
Although this program is designed for students, it is equally important to reach teachers
so their understanding of the business environment is enhanced and so that they can
provide accurate and timely information to students about trends in business and
professional development. Educators' Roundtables is a series of seminars and business
experiences for teachers hosted by corporate supporters.
Without business leaders the program could not function, so their familiarity with
secondary education in Los Angeles is vital to the success of the program. To meet
their needs, Business Leaders in the Schools provides school-based experiences and
orientation sessions so they are prepared to work with students in classes and at
conferences.
The program reaches students in economics, business, social studies, computer, math
and Humanitas classes, among others.
Clinton Presidential Records
Digital Records Marker
This is not a presidential record. This is used as an administrative
marker by the William J. Clinton Presidential Library Staff.
This marker identifies the place of a publication.
Publications have not been scanned in their entirety for the purpose
of digitization. To see the full publication please search online or
visit the Clinton Presidential Library's Research Room.
Business Issues
CRE
in the Classroom
Published by Constitutional Rights Foundation
Vol. 1 Issue 2 Spring 1991
This Iraqi terminal, located near Basrah in the Persian Gulf, is capable of loading two super-tankers simultaneously. (UPI/Bettmann Photos.)
Oil Shock and Aftermath:
The Tale of Modern Markets
B
efore his invasion of Kuwait, President Saddam Hussein of
in August to nearly $40 per barrel by the end of October.
Iraq had sought an increase in the price of oil. Because of Iraq's
Yet oil companies continued to buy oil. They believed that if
eight-year war with Iran, he badly needed extra money to pay
they bought and stockpiled oil, when the supply of oil declined
back his war debts. Every dollar he could increase the price of a
further, they would be able to sell the oil at an even higher price.
barrel of oil would bring Iraq an estimated one billion dollars a
By doing this, the oil companies would keep making profits, and
year. Thwarted in his attempt to raise the price of oil, on August
they would pass their higher costs on to the consumer.
2, 1990 Hussein invaded Kuwait gaining complete control of its
Consequently, the price for retail gasoline went from an average
oil fields. With Kuwait under his command, Hussein now
of $1.05 per gallon on August 1st to $1.30 by the beginning of
controlled nearly 25 percent of the world's supply of oil. If
November.
(continued on next page)
Hussein had also taken over Saudi Arabia, he would have
controlled 55 percent of the world's oil reserves.
Business Issues in the Classroom
Retaliating against this aggression, the United Nations
This newsletter is provided to schools as part of the
enacted an embargo against Iraq, which effectively put Iraq and
Constitutional Rights Foundation's Business Issues in the
Kuwait out of the oil business. Because investors expected
Classroom (BIC) Program. BIC brings in-depth readings and
drastic reductions in the supply of crude oil, they began rapidly
activities designed to stimulate classroom discussion and
buying all the oil on the market, which is called "panic buying."
interaction. The newsletter focuses on competing economic,
As the demand for oil jumped, oil became more scarce, so the
ethical and legal factors affecting business decision-making.
barrel price of oil also jumped. Crude oil prices went from $21
CRE
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Constitutional Rights Foundation hereby grants to all recipients a license to reproduce all material contained herein for distribution to students, other school site personnel
and district administrators.
Clinton Presidential Records
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Publications have not been scanned in their entirety for the purpose
of digitization. To see the full publication please search online or
visit the Clinton Presidential Library's Research Room.
A
CRF
Constitutional
Rights Foundation
1992 CATALOG
Letters
POLICE PATROL
A
for
the
Classroom
Foundations
Lite
of
OFCODES&CROWNS
The Development of Law
Liberty
of
RUG QUESTION
Freedom
7 Policy
YOUTH
We
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by
CRF
This
CONSTITUTIONAL RIGHTS FOUNDATION
X
Constitutional Rights
Foundation
CRF
Educating Tomorrow's Citizens
601 South Kingsley Drive
Los Angeles, California 90005
Tel: 213.487.5590 Fax: 213 386.0459
Todd Clark Executive Director
Clinton Presidential Records
Digital Records Marker
This is not a presidential record. This is used as an administrative
marker by the William J. Clinton Presidential Library Staff.
This marker identifies the place of a publication.
Publications have not been scanned in their entirety for the purpose
of digitization. To see the full publication please search online or
visit the Clinton Presidential Library's Research Room.
Constitutional Rights
Foundation
CRF
1991 Annual Report
Clinton Presidential Records
Digital Records Marker
This is not a presidential record. This is used as an administrative
marker by the William J. Clinton Presidential Library Staff.
This marker identifies the place of a publication.
Publications have not been scanned in their entirety for the purpose
of digitization. To see the full publication please search online or
visit the Clinton Presidential Library's Research Room.
"There can be no daily democracy without daily citizenship"
-Ralph Nader
LEADERSHIP
ANNUAL REPORT 1991 1990
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