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FOIA Number: 2013-0661-F (3) FOIA MARKER This is not a textual record. This is used as an administrative marker by the William J. Clinton Presidential Library Staff. Collection/Record Group: Clinton Presidential Records Subgroup/Office of Origin: Americorps Series/Staff Member: General Files Subseries: OA/ID Number: 24223 FolderID: Folder Title: USDA [Department of Agriculture] Agencies: Arboretum Stack: Row: Section: Shelf: Position: S 66 1 4 1 4-10-96 Joel, It's been a while since I've seen you but the semester is almost finished so I be attending the weekly meetings again. Will you put my Name back an the roster of people that gets faxed the meetings agenda. I also would like to get the weekly News letter. This letter is to show you a little bit of media recognition that my team has gotlen. This work has been done through the NCCC Cimerilorps and DCHA (District of Columbia Housing Authority). The home is rum by DCHA for senior citizens and handicapped individuals. I am in the dark about the trip to Minne apolis and other things that are going al. I'll be back on 4-21-96 to attand the meetings. I'll see you then. Thank You, Jain D. D. Winston Watton Jr. A1 USNational Cirboretam CimeriCorps Program Coordinator 07/13/95 23:29 USNA USNACE 001 United States Agricultural Beltsville Area 3501 New York Ave. .N.E. Department of Research United States Washington, D.C. Agriculture Service National Arboretum 20002 is VSDA, National Arboretum Gardens Unit 3501 New York Ave., NE Washington, DC 20002-1958 NO Date: 7-14-95 Total pages: 5 (including cover) To: Joel Berg Company Name: ameriCorps Fax Number: (202)720-4614 Comments: This is the Third Quarter Report and the Community Objectives From: Laurence D. Winston Jr Phone Number: (202)246-0018 Fax Number: 202-245-5973 If all pages are not received, please call Larry 245-0018 , PHOTOCOPY PRESERVATION 07/13/95 23:24 USNA USNACE 003 USDA NATIONAL ARBORETUM QUARTERLY REPORT THIRD QUARTER 1. Number of Members serving and Number of Hours served: a. Number of full time members allotted. 5 b. Number remaining: 4 of the original 5. c. Number of hours served in the second quarter. average 454 each, totaling 2,270 d. Total of hours served to 7/7/95. 1. 1429 2. 1421 3. 1392 4. 1344 5. 528+391=919 (2 different participants) e. Total number combined. 6,505 2. Number of Non-AmeriCorps Volunteers and number of Volunteer hours. Presently, the National Arboretum has 140 active volunteers. They were all horticulturally skilled to some degree prior to volunteering here. Dependent on their skill level, they are placed in the collection that best suits their strengths. Occasionally, individuals do not possess the knowledge needed to work in a collection but if the they are quick learners they are trained. Last summer, before the pilot AmeriCorps program, the Arboretum had approximately 100 active volunteers. Our records show that the number grows by approximately 15 to 20 people a year and that number doubled since AmeriCorps inception. We believe that the Americorps' presence has contributed to an increased active volunteer program at the Arboretum. PHOTOCOPY PRESERVATION 07/13/95 23:25 USNA USNACE 004 3. Specific Objectives The participants will be able to meet and complete the following objectives: 1. Physically improve the overall appearance of the grounds. In an effort to improve the Arboretum's appearance, the participants have planted more than 750 plants of various sizes in various collections and areas. They have killed thousands of weeds by both physical removal as well as spraying them with a herbicide. Weekly, they cut grass in high visibility areas equaling approximately seven acres in size. Because of its high visibility, excellence is a must. The delicate task of moving Japanese koi (an expensive fish in the carp family) from a very murky pond to the well manicured administration building pool was a great success. Another task that is continuously undertaken is returning areas that are not maintained to a state that meets the Arboretums level of acceptability. Preparing one of the collections for the winter was another task that also prevented it from becoming inundated with insects in the spring. We assist the Integrated Pest Management team with the removal of gypsy moths. We also helped them with the construction of japanese beetle traps and the removal of the actual beetles. 2. Possess enough knowledge about the Arboretum to be able to provide young people with an educational and enjoyable tour of the grounds. This includes being able to vary tours to address specific interests. Working in the different collections gave the team the experience and insight into specific points of interests. This allows them to possess the knowledge needed to provide tours to groups that are not horticulturally educated. These are people that probably would not enjoy the regular tour that the Arboretum provides. 3. Have the ability and knowledge needed to teach children the value of plants and environmental awareness about natural systems. This message will be conveyed in a manner that will be both entertaining and interesting. The participants now possess the knowledge and are pursuing opportunities to work with children in the immediate community. 4. Possess enough knowledge about the Arboretum to be able to answer the most commonly asked questions by the visitors. They will be able to refer to the visitor to other staff for more detailed information if necessary. PHOTOCOPY PRESERVATION 07/13/95 23:30 USNA USNACE 002 COMMUNITY OBJECTIVES USDA NATIONAL ARBORETUM The USDA National Arboretum 94-95 AmeriCorps community objectives are designed to educate the surrounding community, improve the overall appearance of the Arboretum and make the visitors experience as pleasant as possible. Due to a lack of funds, it has become is difficult for the staff to maintain the grounds, provide ample assistance to visitors and continue to conduct experiments on plant material for the nation as well as the international horticultural society. Because of this shortage, some areas have been neglected the AmeriCorps has made it possible to insure and enhance many other areas. The AmeriCorps team assists the staff in maintaining the Arboretum's grounds. This provides the community with an exceptionally pleasing environment to come and enjoy. Our staff of volunteers do a great deal of providing information, giving tours, and doing some physical labor but the AmeriCorps team knows a great deal about the full spectrum that encompasses the Arboretum and often visitors need someone of this caliber. In this sense, the AmeriCorps team educates the visitors. Specific Objectives The participants will be able to meet and complete the following objectives: 1. Physically improve the overall appearance of the grounds. 2. Possess enough knowledge about the Arboretum to be able to provide young people with an educational and enjoyable tour of the grounds. This includes being able to vary tours to address specific interests 3. Have the ability and knowledge needed to teach children the value of plants and environmental awareness about natural systems. This message will be conveyed in a manner that will be both entertaining and interesting. 4. Possess enough knowledge about the Arboretum to be able to answer the most commonly asked questions by the visitors. They will be able to refer to the visitor to other staff for more detailed information if necessary. 5. The community will have horticulturally educated, college bound, work experienced individuals that can contribute something positive to their surroundings. Working at the Arboretum gives an AmeriCorps participant a overview of the field of horticulture. This can be used in the community in a variety of ways. The experience provides them with the horticultural knowledge needed to explain the basics to interested individuals. It also provides them with the ability to work as a team to reach a common goal, work with a variety of different people and personality types as well as the ability to work with the public. PHOTOCOPY PRESERVATION 07/13/95 23:31 USNA USNACE 003 USDA NATIONAL ARBORETUM QUARTERLY REPORT THIRD QUARTER 1. Number of Members Serving and Number of Hours served: a. Number of full time members allotted. 5 b. Number remaining: 4 of the original 5. c. Number of hours served in the second quarter. average 454 each, totaling 2,270 d. Total of hours served to 7/7/95. 1. 1429 2. 1421 3. 1392 4. 1344 5. 528+391=919 (2 different participants) e. Total number combined. 6,505 2. Number of Non-AmeriCorps Volunteers and number of Volunteer hours. Presently, the National Arboretum has 140 active volunteers. They were all horticulturally skilled to some degree prior to volunteering here. Dependent on their skill level, they are placed in the collection that best suits their strengths. Occasionally, individuals do not possess the knowledge needed to work in a collection but if the they are quick learners they are trained. Last summer, before the pilot AmeriCorps program, the Arboretum had approximately 100 active volunteers. Our records show that the number grows by approximately 15 to 20 people a year and that number doubled since AmeriCorps inception. We believe that the Americorps' presence has contributed to an increased active volunteer program at the Arboretum. PHOTOCOPY PRESERVATION 07/13/95 23:32 USNA USNACE 005 The most commonly asked questions by visitors to the Arboretum are geared towards directions. During the busy season the team was asked at lease 5 times a day directions to a specific garden or how to get to the Administration building or the duck pond. Occasionally, questions about a specific subject will be asked and if the team does not know the answer, they refer the visitor to other sources of information. 5. The community will have horticulturally educated, college bound, work experienced individuals that can contribute something positive to their surroundings. Working at the Arboretum gives an AmeriCorps participant a overview of the field of horticulture. This can be used in the community in a variety of ways. The experience provides them with the horticultural knowledge needed to explain the basics to interested individuals. It also provides them with the ability to work as a team to reach a common goal, work with a variety of different people and personality types as well as the ability to work with the public. Each participant possess the knowledge required to work in a number of horticultural fields. They could easily work at a garden center, for a landscaping company, or in a nursery. They could also work for an environmental awareness organization, public garden or most branches of the government that deals with horticulture. Upon completion of this program, two participants will enter college, one will participate for a second term, while the fourth is opting to hold the stipend for a year in hopes of receiving a one year appointment here at the Arboretum. They all have a good work ethic and know how to communicate with supervisors, fellow employees and subordinates. Their understanding of the horticultural field is broad and covers vast array of subjects. The subjects range from what makes a weed a weed, integrated pest management, the impact of exotic invasive plants in the landscape, aquatic plants and fish life, annuals and perennials to name a few. They possess the knowledge and the ability to convey learned material to others that have an interest. During this session they have worked with a number of different personality types and in all cases they bond together to get things done and complete the task. Since the beginning, they have bonded as a team and even when one member left the replacement was greeted with open arms. Because this is a public facility, employment requires that one have the patience and curtesy to work with the public. Both the community and the participants gain a great deal through AmeriCorps. PHOTOCOPY PRESERVATION 07/13/95 23:31 USNA USNACE 004 3. Specific Objectives The participants will be able to meet and complete the following objectives: 1. Physically improve the overall appearance of the grounds. In an effort to improve the Arboretum's appearance, the participants have planted more than 750 plants of various sizes in various collections and areas. They have killed thousands of weeds by both physical removal as well as spraying them with a herbicide. Weekly, they cut grass in high visibility areas equaling approximately seven acres in size. Because of its high visibility, excellence is a must. The delicate task of moving Japanese koi (an expensive fish in the carp family) from a very murky pond to the well manicured administration building pool was a great success. Another task that is continuously undertaken is returning areas that are not maintained to a state that meets the Arboretums level of acceptability. Preparing one of the collections for the winter was another task that also prevented it from becoming inundated with insects in the spring. We assist the Integrated Pest Management team with the removal of gypsy moths, We also helped them with the construction of japanese beetle traps and the removal of the actual beetles. 2. Possess enough knowledge about the Arboretum to be able to provide young people with an educational and enjoyable tour of the grounds. This includes being able to vary tours to address specific interests. Working in the different collections gave the team the experience and insight into specific points of interests. This allows them to possess the knowledge needed to provide tours to groups that are not horticulturally educated. These are people that probably would not enjoy the regular tour that the Arboretum provides. 3. Have the ability and knowledge needed to teach children the value of plants and environmental awareness about natural systems. This message will be conveyed in a manner that will be both entertaining and interesting. The participants now possess the knowledge and are pursuing opportunities to work with children in the immediate community. 4. Possess enough knowledge about the Arboretum to be able to answer the most commonly asked questions by the visitors. They will be able to refer to the visitor to other staff for more detailed information if necessary. PHOTOCOPY United States Agricultural Beltsville Area 3501 New York Ave. ,N.E. Department of Research United States Washington, D.C. Agriculture Service National Arboretum 20002 July 25, 1995 Dear Joel Berg, You wanted to have a meeting with Paula Jones, and myself. I got the impression that it was going to address the concerns you have about the National Arboretum team only receiving botanical expertise. You were not informed of the joint projects and educational experiences that the Arboretum team has shared with both the DC Service antihunger team and the Natural Resources Conservation Service AmeriCorps teams fro D.C. and Beltsvil'e. Since recruitment, my team and I have kept close communications. Here is a list of the projects and educational experiences the Arboretum team has shared. D.C. Service Antihunger Orientation to learn what each team does they assisted in cleaning the Boxwoods & Perennial Collections they assisted in cleaning the Azalea road. Gleaming Feed the homeless Tour of the Arboretum Orientation with elementary Auction team D.C. and Beltsville NRCS AmeriCorps Teams Fire safety and suppression Food nutrition and safety Piskataway National Park tour Project leaning tree (children in touch with nature) Project wild (children environmental education) Restore the Chesapeake Clean up the Anacosita Stencil storm drains for the Chesapeake 2 times Team building 3 times. If these are not the types of projects that you were referred to please let me know and we can schedule meeting. Laurence Sincerely Winston Jr. A COMMUNITY OBJECTIVES USDA NATIONAL ARBORETUM The USDA National Arboretum 94-95 AmeriCorps community objectives are designed to educate the surrounding community, improve the overall appearance of the Arboretum and make the visitors experience as pleasant as possible. Due to a lack of funds, it has become is difficult for the staff to maintain the grounds, provide ample assistance to visitors and continue to conduct experiments on plant material for the nation as well as the international horticultural society. Because of this shortage, some areas have been neglected the AmeriCorps has made it possible to insure and enhance many other areas. The AmeriCorps team assists the staff in maintaining the Arboretum's grounds. This provides the community with an exceptionally pleasing environment to come and enjoy. Our staff of volunteers do a great deal of providing information, giving tours, and doing some physical labor but the AmeriCorps team knows a great deal about the full spectrum that encompasses the Arboretum and often visitors need someone of this caliber. In this sense, the AmeriCorps team educates the visitors. Specific Objectives The participants will be able to meet and complete the following objectives: 1. Physically improve the overall appearance of the grounds. 2. Possess enough knowledge about the Arboretum to be able to provide young people with an educational and enjoyable tour of the grounds. This includes being able to vary tours to address specific interests 3. Have the ability and knowledge needed to teach children the value of plants and environmental awareness about natural systems. This message will be conveyed in a manner that will be both entertaining and interesting. 4. Possess enough knowledge about the Arboretum to be able to answer the most commonly asked questions by the visitors. They will be able to refer to the visitor to other staff for more detailed information if necessary. 5. The community will have horticulturally educated, college bound, work experienced individuals that can contribute something positive to their surroundings. Working at the Arboretum gives an AmeriCorps participant a overview of the field of horticulture. This can be used in the community in a variety of ways. The experience provides them with the horticultural knowledge needed to explain the basics to interested individuals. It also provides them with the ability to work as a team to reach a common goal, work with a variety of different people and personality types as well as the ability to work with the public. 08/29/95 18:54 USNA USNACE 002 CORPORATION FOR NATIONAL SERVICE COMMUNITY SERVICE OBJECTIVE GRANTEE: USDA, National Arboretum SITE: District of Columbia COMPONENTS OF OBJECTIVE STATEMENTS: What work will be done? What service activities will your participants engage in? They will provide a landscaping service to elderly and handicapped individuals in surrounding communities that can not physically perform the work or financially afford to have it done. What is the hoped for result of the work/activities described above? It will improve the appearance of the communities in which they live, increase AmeriCorps and the National Arboretum's visibility and show that we care about them and their community. It will also allow the team to do some work that they find very gratifying and rewarding. How will you measure the quality of your product or impact of your service? Pictures will be taken before a job is started to assess what work needs to be done, what the team can do and approximately how long it should take. A questionnaire will be used to asses the individuals needs as well an evaluation of the quality of work performed. By what standard will you gauge success? Success will be measured by the growing number of individuals interested in becoming participants. Responses to specific questions located on the questionnaires as well as by any comments made by community representatives and people in the neighborhood. The teams self gratification will also be way of measuring their success. How many individuals will receive the benefit of the work your participants perform? The exact number is not known because some properties will need more work than others. The team will devote 16 hours a mounth to this outreach project. PHOTOCOPY PRESERVATION 08/29/95 18:55 USNA CORPORATION FOR NATIONAL SERVICE COMMUNITY SERVICE OBJECTIVE GRANTEE: USDA, National Arboretum SITE: District of Columbia COMPONENTS OF OBJECTIVE STATEMENTS: What work will be done? What service activities will your participants engage in? The team will provide an entertaining and educational tour of the Arboretum grounds. In addition, they will explain the impact that everyone has on the environment and the importance of a clean Chesapeake Bay. Tours will be given to children between the ages of five and twelve. What is the hoped for result of the work/activities described above? Children will understand how they fit into this world of ours as well as what they can do to help slow and possibly prevent the degridation that the environment is presently undergoing. They will also gain an added respect for plants and wildlife. How will you measure the quality of your produce or impact of your service? Three fact finding questionnaires will be administered. The first will test the childrens knowledge before the event. The second will be given afterwards to find out what was retained. The third will be sent to the teacher or someone that directly supervises the children to get an evaluation on how their time was spent at the Arboretum. By what standard will you gauge success? It will be gauaged by the number of repeat visites by teachers and educaters alike. Also, by the new educaters that were recomended to attend the event because they thought that it was an excellent learning medium for children. The childrens participation will be another guage. How many individuals will receive the benefit of the work your participants perform? The number of classes that contact the Arboretum to receive a tour. That number will increase in the spring and fall due to favorable weather conditions and word of mouth. PHOTOCOPY PRESERVATION 08/29/95 18:56 USNA USNACE 004 1996 Recruitment plan United States Department of Agriculture - National Arboretum Plans for recruiting participants into the AmeriCorps program - National Arboretums plan will consist of a combination of efforts in order to ensure diversity. Contacts will be made with vocational high schools and minority organizations. Ward, district and county representatives will be notified. Unemployment offices and temporary employment agencies will be contacted. Churches, universities and college career development centers will be made aware as well as resourceful individuals will be briefed. A list of interested candidates will be shared between myself and other AmeriCorps programs in this area. Vocational High Schools Margy Edsall Donald Cook Crossland High School Gwynn Park High School ATTN: Joan Nairn ATTN: Ms. Prapher 6901 Temple Hills rd. 13800 Brandywine rd. Temple Hills, Md. 20748 Brandywine, Md. 20613 Garland Proctor Felonese Anderson Croom Vocational High School Tall Oaks High School ATTN: Micheal Stricker ATTN: Burt Poulis 15100 Mt. Calvert rd. 2112 Church rd. Upper Marlboro, Md. 20772 Bowie, Md. 29716 Minority Organizations Asian Heritage (202) 833-2733 National Council of Laza Michelle Waldron (202) 289-8173 Quality Education For Minorities Stacy Kabarn (202) 659-1818 American Association for Higher Education Judy Corcillo (202) 293-6440 PHOTOCOPY PRESERVATION USNACE 005 08/29/95 18:57 USNA cont. Minority Organizations League of United Latin American Citizens Clarissa Lara (202) 408-0060 National Coalition of Hispanic Health and Human Services Organization (202) 387-5000 National Hispanic Leadership Agenda (202) 785-3314 Hispanic Association of Colleges and Universities Moora Lenahan and Hellen Marloo Ward. District and County Representatives Unemployment Offices District of Columbia department of employment Services (Youth Program) Roz Harper (202) 724-7326 Temporary Employment Agencies Churches Trinity A.M.E Zion fax (202) 483-4318 Colleges and Universitles Career Development Centers University of the District of Columbia Biology Department (202) 274-7401 Career Plan and Placement (202) 806-7513 University of Maryland at College Park Institute of Applied Agriculture 2123 Jull Hall University of Maryland College Park, Md. 20742-2525 Dr. Maytega (301) 405-4344 Virginia Lerch (301) 405-4691 PHOTOCOPY USNACE 006 08/29/95 18:57 USNA cont. Colleges and Universities Career Development Centers Howard University Career Planning and Placement (202) 806-7513 Miscellaneous Steven Syfax United States Park Service Resource Management Specialist (202) 690-5185 Northern Virginia Nurserymans Association Byron Waites President (703) 323-0123 Shenandoah valley Nurserymans Association Jerry Shrecknise President (703) 249-5761 Professional Horticultural Commission of Virginia (804) 523-4734 A list of local individuals interested in the AmeriCorps program who has called the USDA and the Corporation for National Service 1-800 toll free telephone numbers has been obtained. The individuals interested in the Arboretum program will be contacted Aplications will be accepted until the middle of October. This list will be updated between now and the date that recruits are chosen. You will be kept abreast of all updates. If you know of any resources that have not been tapped please contact Larry Winston Jr. at (202) 245-0018. PHOTOCOPY PRESERVATION Clinton Presidential Records Digital Records Marker This is not a presidential record. This is used as an administrative marker by the William J. Clinton Presidential Library Staff. This marker identifies the place of an oversized document(s). Given our digitization capabilities, we are sometimes unable to adequately scan such large documents. The title from the original document is indicated below. Oversized documents have not been scanned in their entirety for the purpose of digitization. To see the documents please contact or visit the Clinton Presidential Library's Research Room. The National Arboretum Document Title: in the Nation's Capital The National The Administration Building National Arboretum Herbarium The Administration Building was dedicated on April 27, Accurate identification is essential to all plant research. The 1964. This low but light and airy structure of glass, aluminum, herbarium is the principal facility that makes this possible. The and textured concrete was carefully designed to blend with its National Arboretum herbarium, a worldwide collection of planted surroundings. 500,000 dried pressed specimens, is essential for the botanical A glass-walled lobby with central space for living plant study and identification of cultivated plants and related plant displays is crossed by a corridor of administrative and research breeding projects at the Arboretum, and for the support of offices, an active branch of the National Agricultural Library, cooperative programs within the Department of Agriculture. The drafting and plant record rooms, and physiological and cytolog- herbarium staff also answers technical inquiries, and loans its ical laboratories. collections to visiting scientists and others in this country and in A colonnaded auditorium appears to be entirely surrounded foreign countries as well. by water. An illusion of floating is created by the cantilevered pro- The value of the herbarium increases as its overall collection jection of its walls over a reflecting pool. The auditorium seats grows. Additional collections are acquired through active ex- 200 persons and alternatively serves for flower shows and public change with about 100 institutions, foreign and domestic, and exhibitions. through plant exploration, introduction, breeding, and investiga- A two-story wing houses the herbarium reference collec- tion programs within the Department of Agriculture. The collec- tions for taxonomic research, with facilities for the necessary tion includes a broad representation of the world's cultivated fumigation, drying, mounting, and accessioning of newly ac- plants and their wild relatives. quired materials. Sizeable reference collections are also available - particu- While the National Arboretum has received a variety of gifts larly for the native plants of the United States, China, Tierra del in the past, perhaps one of the most unique is the donation of Fuego, and Peru. The collection of commercial nut varieties is ex- tensive. A collection of willows (Salix), assembled by the late Carleton R. Ball, is one of the largest in the country. The I.C. Mar- tindale herbarium, acquired in 1964, includes valuable historic specimens dating from the late 18th century. The herbarium inventory includes the den Boer collection of crabapple materials and a special collection of plants indigenous to the western United States. The latter forms the basis of the Ar- boretum's "Medicinal Uses of Plants by Indian Tribes of Nevada" which has provided leads of considerable medical and industrial significance. A byproduct of the taxonomic work of the her- barium was the development of a new method of attaching her- barium specimens using plastics - a technique that has been Nishiki Koi adopted by many of the world's leading herbaria. Nishiki Koi from the National Aquarium. Nine Koi, or fancy Japanese Carp as they are better known in this country, may be Administration Building seen in the pool outside the Arboretum's Administration Build- Plant Introduction Station, ing. The Koi have been developed over a period of many years in Japan, where they are highly admired. They are particularly Glenn Dale, Maryland noted for their beautiful coloration which includes white, yellow, The Plant Introduction Station at Glenn Dale, Maryland, is orange, red, purple, blue, green, and black. The colors may be administered by the National Arboretum. It receives germplasm solid or in a variety of patterns. Some appear almost metallic. of fruits, ornamentals, and vegetatively propagated food crops The Arboretum's Koi range in sizes up to 14 inches in length. In from all over the world. The Plant Introduction Station also National Arboretum Herbarium Japan, documentation has been made of Koi reaching 30 inches, establishes, propagates, and inspects under strict quarantine weighing 16 pounds, and living over 200 years. conditions each of the plant introductions. Items certified free of The pools around the Administration Building that contain disease and insects are then distributed to scientists and nursery- numerous tropical and hardy waterlilies, lotus, and other orna- men throughout the United States. mental aquatic plants provide an extra splash or two of color Research is a major activity at the 70-acre Glenn Dale Sta- during the summer months. tion. Numerous introductions from foreign lands have been im- proved over the years and are available from nursery companies. The famous Glenn Dale azaleas, featured at the Arboretum, were developed at the Glenn Dale Station. Current research is concentrated on breeding better varieties of woody and herbaceous ornamental plants (such as camellias, hibiscus, iris, lycoris and other amaryllids, deciduous azaleas, crapemyrtles, hollies, flowering pears, etc.), and on virus dis- eases of fruit crops and ornamental plants. Malus hupehensis - Tea Crab HISTORY OF THE NATIONAL CAPITOL COLUMNS In 1958 the east central portico of the United States Capitol was carefully dismantled to make way for a marble clad addition. First proposed in 1864, the addition was considered necessary to correct the illusion that the cast iron dome of the Capitol was inadequately supported. Pieces of the original portico-column shafts, capitals, bases, pedestals, etc., were placed in storage at the Capitol Power Plant and later removed to Poplar Point Nursery, a facility associated with the Botanic Garden that is operated by the Architect of the Capitol. The columns remained in storage until 1984 when they were transferred to the Department of Agriculture for display at the National Arboretum. Under the leadership of Mrs. George A. Garrett, the transfer was fostered by the Friends of the National Arboretum which raised private funds to finance the removal and reuse of these historic columns. Noted landscape architect, Russell Page, a personal friend of Mrs. Garrett, selected the site and designed the new, nearly square configuration enhanced by a fountain, water stair and reflecting pool. After Page's death in 1985, the design firm EDAW, Inc. oversaw the landscaping aspect of the project. Dedicated on June 14, 1990, the Capitol Columns at the Arboretum are one of Washington's most memorable sights. On display at the National Arboretum are twenty-two of the original twenty-four columns that once formed the east central portico of the Capitol. The original design of the Capitol, prepared by Dr. William Thornton in 1793, called for only twelve columns for the portico. Subsequently, this number was doubled to twenty-four by architect B. Henry Latrobe who redesigned the portico in ca. 1806. Construction of the portico began in 1824, the works were directed by yet another architect, Charles Bulfinch, who completed it in 1826. Neither Thornton, Latrobe nor Bulfinch may be credited with the design of the noble Corinthian columns used in building the portico. The design was derived from Sir William Chamber's Treatise on Civil Architecture, first published in London in 1759. Chambers, in turn, had more or less copied the design from a sixteenth-century Italian publication on the orders of ancient Roman architecture that combine in its Corinthian order the best features of two examples surviving from antiquity: the Temple of Jupiter Stator and the Pantheon. By this roundabout route, it may be said that the Corinthian Columns now displayed at the U.S. National Arboretum were designed in ancient Rome, refined by the Italian Renaissance and brought to America in an English book. The quarry that supplied the sandstone for the columns, and indeed for most of the stone for the Capitol and White House, was located on a government owned island in Aquia Creek, Virginia, forty miles down river from Washington. When the stones for the columns arrived at the wharf at the foot of Capitol Hill, there was great excitement and merriment. One eyewitness wrote: They are taken from the wharf, without aid of horses, upon a strong carriage, with a hundred men pulling. Sometimes the members of Congress will turn out in the evening to assist 'the big wagon' and join in all the pleasantry to which the novelty gives rise. When the columns arrive at the Capitol, it is cheered by loud huzzas (among the workmen) there are perhaps not a half dozen sober men. They drank scute (as they called whiskey) on the job. When the day's work is ended, they hie to the grog shops and taverns to spend their earning. Two highly skilled men were in charge of the stonework at the Capitol. George Blagden, an Englishman, was foreman of the cutting shop while Giovanni Andrei, a native of Italy, was head of the carving department. Blocks of sandstone were prepared by Blagden's men before being carved. One Corinthian capital required about six months in the hands of a single carver who was paid $250 for his skill and labor. Stone cutters were paid $1.371/2 per day in summer but had their wages reduced to $1.25 during the shorter days of winter. During construction of the portico, cutters were mainly employed to transform huge rough blocks of stone into perfectly smooth column shafts. Together the carvers and cutters brought the east portico to completion in 1826. Until it was dismantled in 1958, the east portico was the setting for most presidential inaugurations beginning with Andrew Jackson on March 4, 1829. It was also the scene of innumerable speeches, demonstrations, protests and rallies, each a thread in a great national fabric. And thanks to the vision and hard work of the Friends of the U.S. National Arboretum, the noble Capitol Columns stand together again in a proud testament to a rich heritage. HISTORY OF THE NATIONAL CAPITOL COLUMNS In 1958 the east central portico of the United States Capitol was carefully dismantled to make way for a marble clad addition. First proposed in 1864, the addition was considered necessary to correct the illusion that the cast iron dome of the Capitol was inadequately supported. Pieces of the original portico-column shafts, capitals, bases, pedestals, etc., were placed in storage at the Capitol Power Plant and later removed to Poplar Point Nursery, a facility associated with the Botanic Garden that is operated by the Architect of the Capitol. The columns remained in storage until 1984 when they were transferred to the Department of Agriculture for display at the National Arboretum. Under the leadership of Mrs. George A. Garrett, the transfer was fostered by the Friends of the National Arboretum which raised private funds to finance the removal and reuse of these historic columns. Noted landscape architect, Russell Page, a personal friend of Mrs. Garrett, selected the site and designed the new, nearly square configuration enhanced by a fountain, water stair and reflecting pool. After Page's death in 1985, the design firm EDAW, Inc. oversaw the landscaping aspect of the project. Dedicated on June 14, 1990, the Capitol Columns at the Arboretum are one of Washington's most memorable sights. On display at the National Arboretum are twenty-two of the original twenty-four columns that once formed the east central portico of the Capitol. The original design of the Capitol, prepared by Dr. William Thornton in 1793, called for only twelve columns for the portico. Subsequently, this number was doubled to twenty-four by architect B. Henry Latrobe who redesigned the portico in ca. 1806. Construction of the portico began in 1824, the works were directed by yet another architect, Charles Bulfinch, who completed it in 1826. Neither Thornton, Latrobe nor Bulfinch may be credited with the design of the noble Corinthian columns used in building the portico. The design was derived from Sir William Chamber's Treatise on Civil Architecture, first published in London in 1759. Chambers, in turn, had more or less copied the design from a sixteenth-century Italian publication on the orders of ancient Roman architecture that combine in its Corinthian order the best features of two examples surviving from antiquity: the Temple of Jupiter Stator and the Pantheon. By this roundabout route, it may be said that the Corinthian Columns now displayed at the U.S. National Arboretum were designed in ancient Rome, refined by the Italian Renaissance and brought to America in an English book. The quarry that supplied the sandstone for the columns, and indeed for most of the stone for the Capitol and White House, was located on a government owned island in Aquia Creek, Virginia, forty miles down river from Washington. When the stones for the columns arrived at the wharf at the foot of Capitol Hill, there was great excitement and merriment. One eyewitness wrote: They are taken from the wharf, without aid of horses, upon a strong carriage, with a hundred men pulling. Sometimes the members of Congress will turn out in the evening to assist 'the big wagon' and join in all the pleasantry to which the novelty gives rise. When the columns arrive at the Capitol, it is cheered by loud huzzas (among the workmen) there are perhaps not a half dozen sober men. They drank scute (as they called whiskey) on the job. When the day's work is ended, they hie to the grog shops and taverns to spend their earning. Two highly skilled men were in charge of the stonework at the Capitol. George Blagden, an Englishman, was foreman of the cutting shop while Giovanni Andrei, a native of Italy, was head of the carving department. Blocks of sandstone were prepared by Blagden's men before being carved. One Corinthian capital required about six months in the hands of a single carver who was paid $250 for his skill and labor. Stone cutters were paid $1.371/2 per day in summer but had their wages reduced to $1.25 during the shorter days of winter. During construction of the portico, cutters were mainly employed to transform huge rough blocks of stone into perfectly smooth column shafts. Together the carvers and cutters brought the east portico to completion in 1826. Until it was dismantled in 1958, the east portico was the setting for most presidential inaugurations beginning with Andrew Jackson on March 4, 1829. It was also the scene of innumerable speeches, demonstrations, protests and rallies, each a thread in a great national fabric. And thanks to the vision and hard work of the Friends of the U.S. National Arboretum, the noble Capitol Columns stand together again in a proud testament to a rich heritage. THE UNITED STATES NATIONAL ARBORETUM AVERAGE BLOOMING DATES Of Interest Year Round: Asian Valley, New American and Friendship Garden, National Bonsai and Penjing Collections, Boxwood, Gotelli Collection of Dwarf and Slow Growing Conifers, National Herb Garden-Knot Garden In bloom January & February: Witch Hazel, Conifers, Hollies, Japanese Apricot In bloom the second week of March: Winter Hazel, Mahonia, Wintersweet In bloom the third week of March: Pieris japonica, Winter Jasmine In bloom the fourth week of March: Pussy willows In bloom the first week of April: Daffodils, Crocus, early magnolias, Rhododendron mucronulatum, Rhododendron 'PJM', Pieris japonica, Forsythia, Cornus mas, wildflowers In bloom the second week of April: Daffodils, Crocus, early magnolias, Rhododendron mucronulatum, Pieris japonica, Forsythia, wildflowers, early azaleas In bloom the third week of April: Daffodils, magnolias, Pieris japonica, Forsythia, tulips, Callery pear, Japanese quince, early crabapples, flowering cherries, azaleas, wildflowers In bloom the fourth week of April: Magnolias, crabapples, violets, azaleas, early rhododendrons, daffodils, Japanese quince, wildflowers In bloom the fifth week of April: Early rhododendrons, azaleas, flowering dogwood, crabapples, late ornamental cherries, Japanese quince, magnolias (Soulangiana varieties), wildflowers, tree peonies, lilacs, Dove tree In bloom the first week of May: Flowering dogwood, azaleas, doublefile viburnum, rhododendrons, tree peonies, wildflowers, lilacs, Dove tree In bloom the second week of May: Late azaleas, rhododendrons, Magnolia virginiana, tulip trees, black locust, Chinese dogwood, peonies, wildflowers, herbs In bloom the third week of May: Late azaleas, rhododendrons, mountain laurel, Magnolia grandiflora, Magnolia macrophylla, peonies, Chinese dogwood, old roses, iris, herbs In bloom the fourth week of May: Chinese dogwood, mountain laurel, Magnolia grandiflora, Magnolia virginiana, daylilies, lilies, old roses, iris, herbs, peonies In bloom the first week of June: Magnolia grandiflora, Southern catalpa, Viburnum dentatum, lilies, daylilies, waterlilies, Chinese dogwood, Rhododendrons, Pyracantha, fringetree, old roses, iris, herbs, annuals, peonies In bloom the second week of June: Mountain laurel, Linden viburnum, Rhododendron maximum, Koelreuteria, daylilies, herbs, annuals, waterlilies Late June into early July: Butterfly weed, meadow flowers Of interest in July: Waterlilies, Hibiscus, crapemyrtle, conifers, daylilies, boxwood, herbs, annuals, Sweet Pepper bush, Pepper Collection Of interest in August: Waterlilies, Hibiscus, conifers, crapemyrtle, boxwood, herbs, annuals, Sweet Pepper bush, Pepper Collection Of interest in September: Pyracantha, waterlilies, Hibiscus, Viburnum in fruit, Colchicum, boxwood, crapemyrtle, herbs, annuals, Osmanthus, Pepper Collection Late September into early October: Meadow flowers Of interest in October: Fall foliage, Pyracantha, Hibiscus, Colchicum, waterlilies, crapemyrtle, Viburnum in fruit, conifers, dogwood in fruit, boxwood herbs, annuals, ornamental grasses Of interest in November: Conifers, dogwood, Viburnum in fruit, fall foliage, pine cones, ornamental grasses Of interest in December: Holly in fruit, pine cones, Nandina in fruit, conifers, Japanese apricot Education Office 1991 U.S. National Arboretum Washington, D.C. 200002 Phone: 202-475-4815