Ask the Scholar

Page 8 of 65
I can add historical knowledge about this page.

Page image

Page 8

OCR

B-253590 armed forces, and their recent combat or deployment experience. In addition, we attempted to include countries which represented a range of attitudes concerning homosexuality. Our work in the four countries included discussions with mid- and senior-level military and government officials, former active duty military personnel, members of the reserve forces, representatives of veterans and homosexual advocacy groups, and academic experts. These groups provided a broad range of views concerning the treatment of homosexuals in the military. We also intended to talk to active duty officers and enlisted personnel at military headquarters and field units. However, of the four countries, only Sweden permitted us to interview active duty unit personnel. Nevertheless, our discussions with numerous other knowledgeable civilians and military personnel, representing a wide spectrum of opinions, gave us no indication that unit personnel would have provided a different perspective. Appendix I discusses our scope and methodology in more detail. Appendix II describes the military policies concerning homosexuals for 21 of the 25 countries in our sample, including related information on the practices of some of the countries. Appendixes III through VI discuss the results of our in-depth review for the remaining four countries-Canada, Germany, Israel, and Sweden. Background Congress is currently debating the President's proposal to lift the ban on homosexuals in the U.S. armed forces. As part of this debate, Congress has expressed an interest in foreign countries' military policies and experiences concerning homosexuals. The 25 countries included in our review represent a wide range of cultures, religions, forms of government, and geographic locations. The four countries selected for our more detailed review-Canada, Germany, Israel, and Sweden-generally reflect Western cultural values yet still provide a range of ethnic diversity. Germany and Sweden have ethnically homogeneous populations. Israel's population is diverse, with immigrants from all over the world. The largest ethnic groups in Canada are people with British or French backgrounds, or some combination of the two. However, almost one-third of the population has other ethnic backgrounds. Page 2 GAO/NSIAD-93-215 Homosexuals in the Military

Page data

Page
8
Source index
0
Type
photo
Media ID
ada59883823c9afc
Size
unknown

Document data

ID
580159119
Core
doc
Type
document
DTO data
{
    "id": "580159119",
    "sourceUrl": "https://catalog.archives.gov/id/580159119",
    "contentType": "document",
    "title": "Gays in the Military [2]",
    "citationUrl": "https://catalog.archives.gov/id/580159119",
    "collections": [
        "Records of the Office of the Press Secretary (Clinton Administration)",
        "Dee Dee Myers' Files"
    ],
    "iiifBase": "https://s3.amazonaws.com/NARAprodstorage/lz/presidential-libraries/clinton/7432017/42-t-7432017-20110587F-007-014-2017/42-t-7432017-20110587F-007-014-2017-001.jpg",
    "thumbnailUrl": "https://s3.amazonaws.com/NARAprodstorage/lz/presidential-libraries/clinton/7432017/42-t-7432017-20110587F-007-014-2017/42-t-7432017-20110587F-007-014-2017-001.jpg",
    "largeImageUrl": "https://s3.amazonaws.com/NARAprodstorage/lz/presidential-libraries/clinton/7432017/42-t-7432017-20110587F-007-014-2017/42-t-7432017-20110587F-007-014-2017-001.jpg",
    "imageCount": 65,
    "hasImages": true,
    "source": "import",
    "hasTranscription": false
}

Context sent to Scholar

Document identity
{
    "localId": "580159119",
    "label": "Gays in the Military [2]",
    "core": "doc",
    "dtoType": "document",
    "citationUrl": "https://catalog.archives.gov/id/580159119"
}
Document source metadata
{
    "id": "580159119",
    "sourceUrl": "https://catalog.archives.gov/id/580159119",
    "contentType": "document",
    "title": "Gays in the Military [2]",
    "citationUrl": "https://catalog.archives.gov/id/580159119",
    "collections": [
        "Records of the Office of the Press Secretary (Clinton Administration)",
        "Dee Dee Myers' Files"
    ],
    "iiifBase": "https://s3.amazonaws.com/NARAprodstorage/lz/presidential-libraries/clinton/7432017/42-t-7432017-20110587F-007-014-2017/42-t-7432017-20110587F-007-014-2017-001.jpg",
    "thumbnailUrl": "https://s3.amazonaws.com/NARAprodstorage/lz/presidential-libraries/clinton/7432017/42-t-7432017-20110587F-007-014-2017/42-t-7432017-20110587F-007-014-2017-001.jpg",
    "largeImageUrl": "https://s3.amazonaws.com/NARAprodstorage/lz/presidential-libraries/clinton/7432017/42-t-7432017-20110587F-007-014-2017/42-t-7432017-20110587F-007-014-2017-001.jpg",
    "imageCount": 65,
    "hasImages": true,
    "source": "import",
    "hasTranscription": false
}
Document source extras
{
    "url": "https://catalog.archives.gov/id/580159119",
    "naId": 580159119,
    "levelOfDescription": "fileUnit",
    "otherTitles": [
        "42-t-7432017-20110587F-007-014-2017"
    ],
    "recordType": "description",
    "ocrSource": "nara-archive"
}
Page context
{
    "seq": 8,
    "pageIndex": 0,
    "type": "photo",
    "url": "https://s3.amazonaws.com/NARAprodstorage/lz/presidential-libraries/clinton/7432017/42-t-7432017-20110587F-007-014-2017/42-t-7432017-20110587F-007-014-2017-008.jpg",
    "mediaId": "ada59883823c9afc",
    "ocrText": "B-253590\narmed forces, and their recent combat or deployment experience. In\naddition, we attempted to include countries which represented a range of\nattitudes concerning homosexuality.\nOur work in the four countries included discussions with mid- and\nsenior-level military and government officials, former active duty military\npersonnel, members of the reserve forces, representatives of veterans and\nhomosexual advocacy groups, and academic experts. These groups\nprovided a broad range of views concerning the treatment of homosexuals\nin the military. We also intended to talk to active duty officers and enlisted\npersonnel at military headquarters and field units. However, of the four\ncountries, only Sweden permitted us to interview active duty unit\npersonnel. Nevertheless, our discussions with numerous other\nknowledgeable civilians and military personnel, representing a wide\nspectrum of opinions, gave us no indication that unit personnel would\nhave provided a different perspective.\nAppendix I discusses our scope and methodology in more detail.\nAppendix II describes the military policies concerning homosexuals for 21\nof the 25 countries in our sample, including related information on the\npractices of some of the countries. Appendixes III through VI discuss the\nresults of our in-depth review for the remaining four countries-Canada,\nGermany, Israel, and Sweden.\nBackground\nCongress is currently debating the President's proposal to lift the ban on\nhomosexuals in the U.S. armed forces. As part of this debate, Congress has\nexpressed an interest in foreign countries' military policies and\nexperiences concerning homosexuals.\nThe 25 countries included in our review represent a wide range of\ncultures, religions, forms of government, and geographic locations. The\nfour countries selected for our more detailed review-Canada, Germany,\nIsrael, and Sweden-generally reflect Western cultural values yet still\nprovide a range of ethnic diversity. Germany and Sweden have ethnically\nhomogeneous populations. Israel's population is diverse, with immigrants\nfrom all over the world. The largest ethnic groups in Canada are people\nwith British or French backgrounds, or some combination of the two.\nHowever, almost one-third of the population has other ethnic\nbackgrounds.\nPage 2\nGAO/NSIAD-93-215 Homosexuals in the Military"
}