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FEB-05-1999 17:20 BASEBALL LIBRARY&ARCHIVE 607 547 4094 P.01 NATIONAL NATIONAL BASEBALL HALL OF FAME BASEBALL AND MUSEUM, INC. HALL OF FAME Fax Cover Sheet To: Alex Company: White House - Speachwriting Fax: (202)456-2505 From: National Baseball Hall of Fame and Museum, Inc. P.O. Box 590 Cooperstown, New York 13326 direct: (607)547-0330 fax: (607)547-4094 Date: 2/5/99 Pages: Notes: FEB-05-1999 17:20 BASEBALL LIBRARY&ARCHIVE 607 547 4094 P.02 Henry Aaron FRONT OFFICE Senior Vice President & Assistant to the President Appointed Senior Vice President and Assistant to the President in December of 1989, Hank Aaron works with President Stan Kasten in many phases of the Braves' operations and represents the Braves in community relations activities. Following his playing career, Aaron joined the Braves' front office on October 7, 1976, as Vice President and Director of Player Development. He oversaw the development of many players instrumental In the Braves' 1982 National League West Division championship, including Dale Murphy, who won back-to-back N.L. MVP awards in 1982-83. Tom Glavine, Jelf Blauser, Mark Lemke. David Justice, and Ron Gant, factors in the team's success in the 1990s, also began their careers under Aaron's stewardship. Aaron, the greatest home run hitter of all time, was elected to Baseball's Hall of Fame in January of 1982. He missed by nine votes being the first unanimous choice ever in the voting by the Baseball Writer's Association of America. Aaron received 406 of a possible 415 votes for a percentage of .978. Only Ty Cobb and Tom Seaver have received a higher percentage of the votes cast. Aaron and Frank Robinson were Inducted Into the Hall of Fame at Cooperstown, N.Y., on August 1, 1982. In his 23-year Major League career, Aaron rewrote baseball's hitting record book. He holds more Major League batting records than any other player in the game's history. Among his records are some truly amazing ones, including Most Runs Batted In, Lifetime, 2,297; Most Long Hits, Lifetime, 1,477; Most Total Bases, Lifetime, 6,856; and, of course, Most-Home Runs, Lifetime, 755. His most lamous home run came in Atlanta on April 8, 1974, when he hit his 715th, breaking Babe Ruth's seemingly untouchable record. He did It before 53,775 against the Dodgers' AI Downing. Aaron also ranks second on the all- time list in at-bats (12,364) and runs (2,174. tied with Babe Ruth), third in games (3,298) and hils (3,771), ninth in doubles (624), 11th in singles (2,294) and tied for 14th in years of service (23). On May 17. 1970, Hank singled at Cincinnati to become the first player to compile both 3,000 career hits and more than 500 homers. He joined the 30-30 club (30 HR's and 30 SB's in the same season) in 1963. Hank played in the Major League All-Star Game 24 times, including the years 1959-61 when two games were played. He was honored as the National League's Most Valuable Player in 1957 and named Player of the Year by The Sporting News in 1956 and 1963. He played 21 seasons with the Braves before being traded 10 Milwaukee for outfielder Dave May and minor leaguer Roger Alexander at the end of the 1974 season. Aaron retired as a player two years later. Aaron, a vice president and member of the Board of Directors of Turner Broadcasting and the Braves, is also the Vice President for Business Development for the Airport Channel. He serves on the National Board of the NAACP and the Sterling Committee of Morehouse College. Aaron and his wife, the former Billye Suber, live in Atlanta. They have live children, Gail, Hank Jr., Lary, Dorinda and Ceci. TOTAL P.02 FEB-05-1999 17:21 BASEBALL LIBRARY&ARCHIVE 607 547 4094 P.01 CAREER REGULAR SEASON 9. Rusty Staub 2,951 SERVICE 10. Brooks Rabinson 2,896 11. Rabin Yount 2,856 YEARS PLAYED 12. AI Kaline 2,834 Deacon McGuire 26 13. Eddie Collins 2,826 Eddie Collins 25 14. Reggie Jackson 2,820 Bobby Wallace 25 15. Frank Robinson 2,808 Ty Cobb 24 16. Honus Wagner 2,792 Rick Dempsey 24 17. Tris Speaker 2,789 Cariton Fisk 24 18. Tony Perez 2,777 Pete Rose 24 19. Mel Off 2,730 Hank Aaron 23 20. George Bren 2,707 Rogers Hornsby 23 CONSECUTIVE GAMES PLAYED Rabbit Maranville 23 Tony Perez 23 1. Cal Ripken 2,478 Brooks Robinson 23 2. Lou Gehrig 2,130 3. Everett Scott Rusty Staub 23 1,307 Carl Yastrzemskl 23 4. Sleve Garvey 1,207 17 tied with 22 5. Billy Williams 1,117 6. Joe Sewell 1,103 YEARS ONE CLUB 7. Stan Muslal 895 Brooks Robinson, Orioles 23 8. Eddle Yost 829 Carl Yastrzemski, Red Sox 23 9. Gus Suhr 822 Cap Anson, Cubs 22 10. NeMle Fox 798 Ty Cobb, Tigers 22 11. Pate Rose 745 Al Kaline, Tigers 22 12. Date Murphy 740 Stan Musial, Cardinais 22 13. Richie Ashburn 730 Mel Ott, Glants 22 14. Ernie Banks 717 Hank Aaron, Braves 21 15. Pctc Rose 678 George Brent, Royals 21 16. Earl Averill 673 Harmon Killebrew. Senators/Twins 21 17. Frank McCormick 652 Willie Mays. Glants 21 18. Sandy Alomar Sr. 648 Willie Stargell, Pirates 21 19. Eddie Brown 618 3. Luke Appling, White Sox 20 20. Roy McMillan 585 Phil Cavarretta, Cubs 20 HIGHEST AVERAGE Alan Trainmell, Tigers 20 Robin Yount. Brewers 20 (Minimum 1,500 hits) 7. 10 tied with 19 1. Ty Cobb 366 2. Rogers Harnsby 358 YEARS PITCHED 3. Joe Jackson .356 1. Nolan Ryan 27 4. Ed Delahanty 346 2. Tommy John 26 5. Tris Speaker .345 3. Charlie Hough 25 6. Ted Williams 344 Jim Kaal 25 Billy Hamilton 344 5. Steve Carlton 24 8. Dan Brouthers 342 Phil Nickro 24 Babe Ruth 342 7. Dennis Eckersley 23 Harry Hellmann 342 Jack Quinn 23 11. Pete Browning 341 Don Sutton 23 Willie Keeler .341 Early Wynn 23 Bill Terry 341 1. Bert Blyleven 22 14. George Sister 340 Rich Gossage 22 Lou Gehrig .340 Sam Jones 22 Tany Gwynn 340 In the early 1960s, Pete Rose was a young player looking for recognition. By Dennis Martinez 22 17. Jesse Burkett 338 the time he retired, he was baseball's all-time career hit leader. Joe Niekro 22 Nap Lajole 338 Herb Pennock 22 19. Riggs Stephenson 336 Nap Lajole 15 Ed Delahanty, 1893-1697 390 Gaylord Perry 22 20. AI Simmons 334 Pete Rose 15 5. Jesse Burkett, 1895-1899 .387 Jerry Reuss 22 YEARS LEADING LEAGUE IN AVERAGE 15. Hank Aaron 14 6. George Sister, 1918-1922 381 Red Ruffing 22 Luke Appling 14 Harry Heilmann, 1923-1927 381 Cy Young 1. Ty Cobb 12 22 Wade Bougs 14 8. AI Simmons, 1927-1931 375 2. Tony Gwynn 8 Paul Waner 14 Billy Hamilton, 1894-1898 375 YEARS PITCHED ONE CLUB Hanus Wagner 8 19. 9 tied with 13 10. Tris Speaker, 1920-1924 .371 4. Rod Carew 7 1. Walter Johnson, Senators 21 Rogers Hornsby CONSECUTIVE 300 SEASONS 11. Babc Ruth, 1920-1924 370 7 Ted Lyons, White Sox 21 12. Tony Gwynn, 1993-97 .368 21 Stan Muslal 7 1. TY Cobb 23 Phil Niekra, Braves Joe Jackson, 1911-1915 .368 7. Ted Williams 6 2. Stan Musial 16 4. Red Feber, White Sox 20 14. Lafty O'Doul, 1928-1932 .365 8. Wade Boggs 5 3. Cap Anson 15 Mel Harder, Indians 20 15. Ted Williams, 1941-1948 ,362 Warren Spahn, Braves 20 Dan Brouthers 5 Rod Carew 15 Joe Kelley, 1894-1898 .362 19 10. Cap Anson 4 Tony Gwynn 15 7. Jim Palmer, Orioles 17. Hughie Jennings, 1894-1898 .361 Roberto Clemente 4 15 8. Babe Adams, Pirates 18 Hanus Wagner Bill Terry, 1929-1933 361 18 Harry Heilmann 4 7. Dan Brouthers 14 Bob Feller, Indians 19. Hugh Duffy. 1893-1897 359 Jesse Haines, Cardinals 18 Nap Lajole 4 8. Wille Keeler 13 Chuck Klein, 1929-1933 359 11. Bob Gibson, Cardinals 17 BILL Madlock 4 9. Lou Gehrig 12 Christy Mathewson. Giants 17 15. George Brett 3 Billy Hamilton 12 AT-BATS 13. Tommy Bridges, Tigers 16 Pete Browning 3 Harry Hailmann 12 1. Pete Rose 14,053 Whitey Ford, Yankess 16 Jesse Burkett 3 Paul Waner 12 2. Hank Aaron 12,364 Carl Hubbell, Glants 16 Tony Oliva 3 13. Ed Delahanty 11 3. Carl Yastrzemski 11,988 Vern Law, Pirates 16 Pate Rose 3 Frank Frisch 11 d. Ty Cobb 11,434 Charlie Root, Cubs 16 Paul Waner 3 Rogers Hornsby 11 5. Eddia Murray 11,83G Don Sutton. Dodgers 16 Carl Yastrzemski 3 Joe Kelley 11 6. Robin Yount 11,008 19. 15 tied with 15 AI Simmons 11 YEARS TOPPING 300 7. Dave Winfield 11,003 18. Wade Boggs 10 8. Stan Musial 10,972 1. Ty Cobb 23 Jesse Burkett 10 9. Willle Mays 10,881 BATTING 2 Cap Anson 19 Nag Lajoie 10 10. Brooks Rabinson 10,654 3. Tris Speaker 16 Joe Madwick 10 11. Honus Wagner 10,430 GAMES 4. Eddle Collins 17 Tria Speaker 10 12. George Brett 10,349 1. Pete Rose 3,562 Stan Muslal 17 Bill Terry 10 13. Paul Molitor 10,333 2. Carl Yastrzemskl 3,308 6. Babe Ruth 16 Arky Vaughan 10 14. Lou Brock 10,332 3. Hank Aaron 3,298 Honus Wagner 16 Ted Williams 10 15. Luis Aparicio 10,230 4. Ty Cobb 3,035 Ted Williams 16 3.026 15 AVERAGE 5 STRAIGHT SEASONS 16. Tris Speaker 10,195 5. Eddie Murray 9. Dan Brouthers 17. AI Kalinc 10,116 Stan Musial 3,026 Rod Carew 15 1. Rogers Hornsby, 1921-1925 402 18. Rabbit Maranville 10,078 7. Willie Mays 2,992 Tony Gwynn 15 2. fy Cobb. 1909-1913 396 19. Frank Robinson 10,006 B. Dave Winfield 2,973 Rogers Homsby 15 3. Willie Keeler, 1895-1899 390 20. Eddle Collins 9,949 -445- FEB-04-1999 09:47 Special Guests and VIPs: NEED Gerald Levin, Chairman, Time Warner Dick Parsons, President, Time Warner Jane Fonda and Ted Turner Bob Costas Governor and Mrs. Roy Barnes - Governor and Mrs. Zell Miller fur. mayor of Atlanta? - Mayor and Mrs. Bill Campbell - Rev. Jesse Jackson Ambassador and Mrs. Andrew Young - Police Chief Beverly Harvard and spouse Sheriff Jackie Barrett and spouse - Georgia Attorney General Thurber Baker Evander Holyfield Sec. Herm an - Sammy Sosa Rev. William Guy childhood friend of Ernie Banks Frank Robinson Aaron's from Ozzie Davis and Ruby Dee Dave Winfield Mobile, Ala. Charlie Pride Mr. and Mrs. Bud Selig, Major League Baseball Commissioner Mr. and Mrs. Leonard Coleman, President of the National League Ed Dwight, Sculptor of the Hank Aaron statue at the stadium Ken Griffey, Sr. Ozzie Smith Reggie Jackson Congressman and Mrs. John Lewis - Mayor Dow, Mobile, Ala. Michael tweise MBrime, President Pres - NAACP Rep. Joseph Kennedy ? CAN THEY TRAVEL TO ATLANTA ON AF1 FROM WASH. DC FEB-04-1999 09:47 ATLANTA PRESS ADV 4046841126 P.007 BASEBALL LEGENDS * Sammy Sosa * Ernie Banks * Frank Robinson * Dave Winfield * Ozzie Smith * Reggie Jackson * Ken Griffey, Sr * Leonard Coleman, Jr * Joe Morgan * Omar Minaya * Lou Brock * Don Baylor * Ricky Clemons * Phil Nickro * Joe Black 02/02/99 17:34 404 827 1784 CNN PUBLIC REL 002 The65th Celebration Birthday 715 25TH ANNIVERSARY ALite. Legand. A Legncy NEWS RELEASE For release: Jan. 14. 1999 Baseball Great Hank Aaron to be Feted in All-Star Celebration of Two Landmark Anniversaries February 5, 1999 Gala Marks Aaron's 65th Birthday and 25th Anniversary Year of His Record-Breaking Home Run Proceeds from the Evening to Benefit the Hank Aaron Chasing the Dream Foundation; Turner Broadcasting System, Inc., Time Warner Inc., Coca-Cola, BMW of North America, Delta Airlines, Cox Enterprises and Hyatt Hotels Among Companies Lending Support On February 5, 1999, luminaries from the worlds of business, baseball and entertainment will gather in Atlanta to toast a hometown hero and national treasure on the occasion of two personal milestones: His 65th birthday and the 25th anniversary year of the home run he hit into history. The Salute to Hank Aaron gala, to be held at the Hyatt Regency Hotel in Downtown Atlanta, will benefit the Hank Aaron Chasing the Dream Foundation and feature special appearances by musical guests The Temptations and Jeffrey Osborne; Major League Baseball Commissioner Allan H. (Bud) Selig; baseball great Frank Robinson; actors Ossie Davis and Ruby Dee; Ambassador Andrew Young; Rev. Jesse Jackson; Larry King; Ernie Banks; Al Downing; Georgia Governor Roy Barnes and former Governor Zell Miller. Names of additional participants will be released in the coming weeks. The evening will be hosted by NBC sportscaster and longtime Aaron friend Bob Costas. Honorary chairs include President and Mrs. Jimmy Carter: General and Mrs. Colin L. Powell; R.E. Turner and Jane Fonda; Senator and Mrs. Sam Nunn; Mr. and Mrs. Selig; Ambassador and Mrs. Young; and Mr. and Mrs. Gerald Levin. Tom Johnson, chairman, president and CEO of the CNN News Group, is spearheading the event as gala chair. The event launches Major League Baseball's year-long salute to one of the most dramatic moments in sports history: Aaron's April 8, 1974, home run-his 715th-that broke Babe Ruth's record and earned a place of honor in the record books for himself, his team and his city. During the 1999 baseball season, national and local promotions and special events will be held to honor Aaron, culminating in a special tribute at the '99 All-Star Game. Henry Louis Aaron's mythic rise from Alabama sandlot sensation to Major League home run king is the stuff of sports legend. Over the course of his 23-year career, he hit 755 home runs and accumulated 2,297 RBIs, in 3,298 games and 12,364 at bats. In 1976, Aaron retired from baseball and turned his attention to his real passion-improving the lives of ordinary kids with big dreams. -MORE- TTAT relly MICGUIR, Chairman & CEO, Turner Broadcasting System, Inc. Ms. Wendy Selig Prieb, President & CEO, Milwaukee Brewers Mr. Leonard Roberts, President & CEO, Tandy & Radio Shack, Fort Worth, Texas Dr. Harvey Schiller, President, Turner Sports, Atlanta FEB-05-1999 10:15 BASEBALL LIBRARY&ARCHIVE 607 547 4094 P.01 NATIONAL ***** NATIONAL BASEBALL HALL OF FAME AND BASEBALL MUSEUM, INC. HALL OF FAME Fax Cover Sheet To: Alex Goldsmith Company: White House Speechwriting Fax: 202-456-2505 From: Bruce Markusen, Senior Researcher National Baseball Hall of Fame and Museum, Inc. P.O. Box 590 Cooperstown, New York 13326 direct: (607) 547-0341 fax: (607) 547-4094 Date: 2-5-99 Pages: Notes: Dear Alex, Here is a copy of Hank Aaron's Hall of Fame Induction speech from 1982. Sincerely, Bruce Markusen Senior Researcher National Baseball Hall of Fame FEB-05-1999 10:15 BASEBALL LIBRARY&ARCHIVE 607 547 4094 P.02 -43- don't know if that door would've been open again for a long, long time. I know I couldn't have put up with what he put up with and if that door hadn't stayed open and it was closed I know for many, many years it would have been closed to us and I just want all the black players wherever they are to know that I appreciate what they did for me. To make it possible for me to play in the major leagues. Thank ya all for coming today. (applause) MR. KUHN They called him the Hammer. (cheers) This unassuming man from Mobile, Alabama. He is quite simply the greatest home-run hitter in major league history. (applause) And would you believe he batted cross-handed when he started in professional baseball in the Negroe Leagues, leading the negro American league with an average .467. The last player from the Negro Leagues to reach the majors, he became the first big leaguer to total 3,000 hits and 500 homeruns. He went on from there. He was elected to the Hall of Fame in his first year of eligibility and in doing so, recieved the highest vote total, 406 votes in the history of Hall of Fame voting. (applause) His 715th homerun broke Babe Ruth's record was voted by the media and baseball officials as the greatest moment in the history of baseball. (applause) Shortly after his election to the Hall of Fame he reflected on his career by saying, "the easiest thing for me to do was retire because I have accom- plished everything I wanted to." And now he is among the immortals here in Cooperstown and his records are simply phoenominal. The official language. Henry "Hank" L. Aaron. Milwaukee National League, Atlanta National League, Milwaukee American League, 1954-1976. Hit 755 home runs in 23- year career to become majors' all-time homer king. Had 20 or more for 20 consecutive years, at least 30 in 15 sea- FEB-05-1999 10:15 BASEBALL LIBRARY&ARCHIVE 607 547 4094 P.03 -44- sons and 40 or better eight times. Also set records for games played (3, 298), at-bats (12, 364) long hits in (2,297). Paced National League in batting twice and homers, runs batted in and slugging pct. four times each. Won most valuable Player award in National League in 1957. There's only one of these, Henry Aaron. (applause) HENRY AARON: Thank you very much, Commissioner Kuhn, League Presidents, other distinguished guests, ladies and gentlemen. I feel a great sense of humility, gratitude and appreciation for this day. And for what it means to me and my family. I'm extremely proud to be joining a group of men who performed on the baseball field. Epitomized the highest and the best in professional athletics. I am pleasedto be joining them in the company of Travis Jackson, Happy Chandler, and Frank Robinson some of baseballs greatest. Also feel especially proud to be standing here where some years ago Jackie Robinson, Roy Campanella proved the way and made it possible for Frank and me and for other blacks, hopefull in baseball. They proved to the world that a mans ability is limited only by his lack of opportunity. (applause) The sheer majesty of this occasion and this significant overwhelms me. For truly I reflect on my life and particularily on my 23 years in baseball. I am reminded of a statement I once read, and I quote, "the way to fame is like the way to heaven. Through much tribulation. " It had been for me to quote a very popular song. The long and winding road. Never the less, I have been extremely blessed in my life time. I stand here today because God gave me a healthy body, a sound mind and talent. For 23 years I took the talent that God gave me and developed it to the best of my ability. Twenty-three years ago I never dreamed of this high honer would come to me. For it was not fame I sought, but rather the best baseball player FEB-05-1999 10:16 BASEBALL LIBRARY&ARCHIVE 607 547 4094 P.04 -45- that I could possibly be. I grew up in a home where there were little in the way of material goods. But there was an abundance of love and discip- line. We therefore had much to share. An so too is this occasion is this an occasion for sharing, an occasion for thanksgiving. For I did not make this journey alone, A lot of people contributed in a lot of different ways to my success as a professional baseball player. And to them a deep debt of gratitude. The list is far to long for me to mention all of them, however, I must mention a few. I would like to acknowledge the presence of my parents, Mr. & Hrs. Herbert Aaron. (applause) Without whose love and encouragement this day could not have been. My wife, Billy. Who brought an awful lot of sunshine into my life. (applause) And I would like to introduce my children, Gail, (applause) Hankie, (applause) Larry, (applause) Dorenda (applause) and cici (applause). Who have been supportive and understanding of my long absences away from home. My sis- ters and brothers who have always been some of my biggest fans. My team- mates of the Milwaukee Braves, Atlanta Braves and the Milwaukee Brewers. Thank you. (applause) I want to thank the wonderful people of Milwaukee and Atlanta where I spent my baseball career. I also would like to thank Mr. John Mullin who was introduced earlier, Mr. Bill Bartholomy and also my boss, Mr. Ted Turner from the Atlanta Braves. Thank you for coming. (applause) And we also have, sitting on the front seat, Mr. Al Farnwell, the executive Vice President. Thank you very much for coming. (applause) Finally I would like to thank some special friends and family who trav- eled here to be with me on this occasion. From Atlanta, Dr. Benjamin E. Mays, an ardent baseball fan, distinguished educator and presidented meritice of Morehouse College who today celebratedhis 88th birthday. FEB-05-1999 10:16 BASEBALL LIBRARY&ARCHIVE 607 547 4094 P.05 -46- Thank you very much Dr. Mays. (applause) I would like to thank the Lockets, Sam Franco. My inlaws, the McDaniels and the Swedes. Permit me also to express a special thanks to Mr. Walter John and Mr. Carl Ware and other executives from the Coca Cola company for their presence and for providing transportation for my children and some of their friends from Atlanta. Including Marvin Harrington, Former Mayor Maynard Jackson, and Congressman White Fowler and their are many other friends here. (applause) And their are many other friends here who I just cannot mention all of them. All of you have touched my life in a very postive way. I'm so very grateful to you and so very pleased that you could share this evening with me. Thank you very much. (applause) Stacks. - A very serious moment for all of us since last years ceremony there have been many people who have been connected with baseball on the play- ing field, or in executive positions, newspaper world, or close friends of baseball and the Hall of Fame who have departed. I would like to ask us all to rise for a moment of silence while I read the names of some of those who have departed. Two Hall of Famers: Sachel Page and Lloyd Waner. Bob Abby and Fran- cisco Barush, Les Biedeman, Nester Charlek, Bill Dewitt, Lou Demero, Jerry Donovan, Joe Dugan, Jim Anwright, Jackie Jensen, John Curan, Joe Lepur, Fred Lindstrom, Steve Makar, Runt Marr, Webster McDonald, Frank McGowan, Marvin Miles, Ed Mosler, Edward Mulligan, Art Pacirella, Wally Post, Mel Queen, Pete Reeser, Ray Starborough, Rex Smith, John Stevens, Bob Stewart, Jack Tobin, Dixie Walker and Taft Wright. Thank you. One announcement or a couple announcements before we have a con- cluding selection on the program. Will Mr. & Mrs. Ralph Millard please FEB-05-1999 10:16 BASEBALL LIBRARY&ARCHIVE 607 547 4094 P.06 -47- claim their lost son, Kerry at the back entrance of the library building following the ceremony. At the conclusion of the ceremony their will be a brief a press conference for the new inductees only, here on the platform. We ask no one to proceed on the platform but stay in the seats who would like to participate in the press conference. This is for the press and media. Ladies and gentlemen it gives me a great deal of pleasure to introduce to you our next guest. He has become known as the baladere of baseball for his talk in baseball songs. And today he will perform two songs. The first, the now famous Willie, Mickie and the Duke and the second is a tribute to the Hall of Fame. Written especially for this occasion. It gives me a great deal of pleasure to introduce Terry Cash- man. (applause) TERRY CASHMAN: Thank you very much Ed. Vince Scully was saying before something about a why me? How did I become the closing act for this array over here. Anyway, if you know this song you can help me out. I invite you to sing along. TOTAL P.06 P.01 The Home Run King 607 547 4094 Aaron's Ordeal: Pursuit of Ruth By TIM TUCKER ATLANTA-So vividly, Hank Aaron remembers the small moments of the big chase. Chasing Babe Ruth's He remembers signing autographs for opposing players and home run record was a posing for pictures with the children of teammates. He remem- bittersweet task for bers being self-conscious about it. "But bow do you turn down Henry Aaron. Many re- your teammates and fellow players? Can't do it," he said. sented him for attempt- He remembers the extra hotel room on the road-the one that was registered under his name, but unused, and the one Ing to dislodge the leg- registered under a fictitious name in which he found refuge. He endary Bamblno, and LIBRARY&ARCHIVE remembers his teammates' reaction to the unused room, "how there were tremendous they'd come to me and say, Hank, could I use the extra room demands on his personal for a little while tonight?' Know what I mean? I'd always say, time. But he held up Sure, okay with me.' through " all and recells, He remembers the bizarre combination of loneliness and 'l got a chance to meel so lack of privacy, the room-service dinners, the constant search many wonderful people, for uncongested paths out of stadiums. Henry Louis Aaron wishes It weren't so, but he looks back on people 1 probably The Chase-his wonderfully successful pursuit of Babe Ruth's wouldn't have met.' career home run record-and says, "Really, I guess I don't have many fond memories of that time. I don't talk about it unless someone brings it up. So many negatives happened." Even now, more than eight years after he hit his 715th home run, almost six years after he hit his last home run (No. 755), only days before his Induction into baseball's Hall of Fame, Hank Aaron is pained by The Chase, his 21/2-year ordeal that ultimately made him baseball's home run king. The subject was broached in his office at Atlanta-Fulton County Stadium on a recent morning. The smile that should permeate his face was absent. The tone of nostalgic excite- ment that should have dominated his voice was missing. The "He was still there. I walked into the clubhouse, and he sald, FEB-05-1999 10:25 got B chance to meet so many wonderful people, people I prob- ably wouldn't have met, people out of baseball," he said. "I've got one more question I haven't asked.' I said, 'Oh, no, I OTHER INDUCTEES "And another thing," he said, seemingly surprised by the list thought it was over.'" of two. "I guess the best thing that happened to me was the way It would never end, of course. Travis Jackson-Page 7 the Braves, Eddie Mathews (his former Happy Chandler-Page 9 teammate and the Atlanta manager in 1974) and my teammates handled the Henry Louis (Hank) Aaron whole situation. They were very under- Born February 5, 1934, at Mobile, Ala. memories that should have been 50 fond were not. standing. Never raised hell. "No matter If somebody pitched a Height, 6.00. Weight, 190. Threw and batted righthanded The Chase heightened during the 1973 season, in which Aaron hit 41 homers to pull within one of Ruth's cherished one-hitter or a two-hitter or what, all at- Established following major league records most games, lifetime (3,298), 1976; most at bats, lifetime. mark of 714 homers. As Hammerin' Hank approached the rec- tention focused on me. That can create (12,364), 1976; most home runs, lifetime (755). 1976, most plate appearances, Illetime (13,940), 1976. most years, 100 or more runs scored (15). 1970; most years leading league, total bases (8), 1969; most years, 300 ord, be was the target of racial taunts shouted from the stands Jealousy, but it didn't 1 had to appreci- or more total bases (15), 1971; most years, 150 or more games (14), 1970 (since broken by Brooks Robinson, and ne received "hate" mail dally. ate their understanding They were very 1974, with 15); most consecutive years, 20 or more home runs (20), 1974: most extra-Dase hits, Ilfetime as Babe Ruth. he would sav. tolerant. and I remember not knowing If (3,085), 1976; most consecutive years, 100 OF more extra bases on long bils (19), 1973; most years, 30 or more FEB-05-1999 17:22 BASEBALL BRARY&ARCHIVE 607 547 4094 "1. Ty Cobb P.02 2,246 2. Hank Aaron 2,174 Frank McCormick 3 13. Ed Delahanty 185 B. JIMING FULL Babe Ruth 2,174 Paul Molitor 3 14. Sam Rice 184 7. Emle Banks 512 4. Pete Rose 2,165 Johnny Pasky 3 15, Jesse Burkett 182 8. Dave Winfield 465 5. Willia Mays 2,062 Sam Thompson 3 Ed Konetchy 1B2 9. Dave Kingman 442 -B. Stan Musial 1,949 200-HIT SEASONS Edd Roush 182 10. Andre Dawson 438 7. Rickey Henderson 1,913 18. Buck Ewing 178 11. AI Kaline 399 1. Pete Rose 10 8. Lou Gchrig 1,868 19. Rabbit Maranville 177 12. Dale Murphy 398 9. Tris Speaker 2. fy Cobb 9 1,882 Stan Musial 177 13. Johnny Bench 389 3. Lou Gehrig 8 10. Mel Off 1,859 Willie Keeler B HOME RUNS 14. Mark McGwire 387 11. Frank Robinson 1,829 16. Dwight Evans 385 Paul Waner 8 12. Eddie Collins 1, Hank Aaron 755 1,821 16. Frank Howard 382 6. Wade Boggs 7 13. Carl Yastrzemski 2. Babe Ruth 714 1,816 Jim Rice 382 Charley Gehringer 7 14. Tea Williams 1,798 3, Willie Mays 660 18. Orlando Cepeda 379 Rogers Hornsby 7 15. Charley Gehringer 4. Frank Robinson 586 1,774 Tony Perez 379 9. Jesse Burkett 6 16. Jimmie Faxx 5. Harmon Killabrew 1,751 573 20. Joe Carter 378 Steve Garvey 8 17. Honus Wagner 6. Reggte Jackson 563 1,736 Stan Musial 6 18. Jesse Burkett 7. Mike Schmidt 1,720 546 HOME RUNS, LEFTHANDER Sam Rice 6 19. Cap Anson 8, Mickey Mantle 536 1,719 1. Babe Ruth 714 Al Simmons 6 Willie Kaeler 9. Jimmie Foxx 534 1,719 2. Reggle Jackson 563 George Sisler 6 10. Willie McCovey 521 3. Willie McCovey. 521 YEARS LEADING LEAGUE IN RUNS Bill Terry 6 Ted Williams 521 Ted Williams 521 16. Tony Gwynn S 1. Babe Ruth B 12. Ernie Banks 512 5. Eddie Mathews 512 Chuck Klein 5 2. Mickey Mantle 6 Eddie Mathews 512 6, Mel Off 511 Kirby Puckett 5 Ted Williams 6 14. Mcl On 511 19. 14 lied with 4 7. Lou Gehrig 493 4. George Burns S 15. Eddle Murray 504 8. Stan Musial 475 Ty Cobb 5 PINCH HITS 16. Lou Gehrig 493 Willie Stargell 475 Rickey Hendarson 5 17. Slan Musial 1. Manny Mota 475 10. Carl Yastrzemski 150 452 Rogers Hornsby 5 Willie Stargell 475 2. Smoky Burgess 145 11. Billy Williams 426 Stan Musial 5 19. Dave Winfield 465 3. Greg Gross 143 12. Darrell Evans 414 9. Lou Gehrig 4 4. Jose Morales 123 20. Carl Yastrzemskl 452 13. Duke Snider 407 Billy Hamitton 4 5. Jerry Lynch 116 HOME RUNS, A.L. 14. Graig Nettles 390 Pate Rose 4 6. Red Lucas 114 15. Norm Cash 377 1. Babe Ruth 708 Harry Stovey 4 7. Steve Braun 113 16. Barry Bonds 374 13. Hank Aaron 3 2. Harmon Killebrew 573 8. Terry Crowley 108 17. Johnny Mize 359 Eddin Collins 3 3. Roggle Jackson 563 Denny Walling 108 18. Yogi Berra 858 King Kelly 3 10. Gates Brown 107 4. Mickey Mantle 536 19. Harold Baines 339 Chuck Klein 3 11. Mike Lum 5. Jimmie Foxx 524 103 Fred McGrin 339 Paul Molhor 6. Ted Williams 3 12. Jim Dwyer 102 521 Dave Parker 338 Frank Robinson 3 13. Rusty Staub 100 7. Lou Gehrig 493 Boog Powell 339 Ryne Sandberg 3 14. Larry Biittner 95 8. Carl Yastrzemski 452 Duke Snider Vic Davalillo 95 9. AI Kaline 399 HOME RUNS, SWITCH HITTER 3 Arky Vaughan 3 Gerald Perry 95 10. Eddle Murray 396 1. Mickey Marrile 535 Carl Yastrzemskl 3 17. Jerry Hairston 94 11. Dwight Evans 385 2. Eddie Murray 504 1B. Dave Philley 93 12. Jim Rice 382 3. Chill Davis 328 100-RUN SEASONS Joel Youngblood 93 13. Norm Cash 377 4. Reggic Smith 314 1. Hank Aaron 15 20. Jay Johnstone 92 14. Carlton Fisk 376 5. Bobby Bonilla 262 2. Lou Gehrig 13 15. Rocky Colavito 371 6. Ted Simmons 248 3. Charley Gehringer 12 SINGLES 16. Cal Ripken 370 7. Ken Singleton 246 Rickey Henderson 12 1. Pele Rose 3,215 17. Mark McGwire 363 B. Mickey Tettleton 245 Willie Mays 12 2. Ty Cobb 3,053 18. Joe DIMagglo 361 9. Ruben Sierra 235 Babe Ruth 12 3. Eddie Collins 2,64S 19. Yogl Berra 358 10. Howard Johnson 228 7. Ty Cobb 11 4. Willie Keeler 2,513 20. Joe Carter 354 11. Kon Caminiti 167 Jimmie Foxx 11 5. Honus Wagner 2,422 HOME RUNS, N.L. 12. Roy Smalley 153 Billy Hamilton 11 6. Rod Carew 2,404 13. Petc Rose 160 Stan Musial 11 7. Tris Speaker 2,383 1. Hank Aaron 733 Roy White 160 George Van Haltren 11 8. Nap Lajoie 2,339 2. Willie Mays 660 16. Tim Raines 159 12. Ed Delahanty 10 9. Hank Aaron 2,294 3. Mike Schmidt 548 16. Devon White 154 Mike Griffin 10 10. Jesse Burkett 2.273 4. Willie McCovey 521 17. Tom Tresh 153 Bid McPhsc 10 11. Sam Rice 2,271 6. Ernie Banks 512 18. Tony Phillips 141 Pete Rose 10 12. Paul Molitor 2,263 6. Mcl on 511 19. Terry Pendiston 137 Sam Thompson 13, Carl Yastrzomski 2,262 7. Eddle Mathews 503 10 20. Ripper Collins 135 17. 10 tied with 9 14. Stan Musial 2,253 8. Stan Muslal 475 15. Lou Brock 2,247 Willle Stargett 475 HOME RUNS, FIRST BASEMAN HITS 16. Cap Anson 2,246 10. Andre Dawson 409 1. Lou Gehrig 493 1. Pete Rose 4,256 17. Paul Waner 2,243 11. Duke Snider 407 2. Jimmie Foxx 480 2. Ty Cobb 4,189 18. Robin Yount 2,182 12. Date Murphy 398 3. Willie McCovey 439 3. Hank Aaron 3,771 19. Frankie Frisch 2,171 13. Billy Williams 392 4. Eddie Murray 409 4. Stan Musial 3,630 20. Doc Cramer 2,163 14. Johnny Bench 389 5. Mark McGwire 373 5. Tris Speaker 3,514 DOUBLES 15. Barry Bonds 374 6. Norm Cash 367 6. Carl Yastrzemski 3,419 16. Gll Hodges 370 7. Johnny Mize 350 7. Honus Wagner 3,415 1. Tris Speaker 792 17. Orlando Cepeda 358 8. GII Hodges 335 6. Eddie Collins 2. Pete Rose 3,315 746 18. Ralph Kiner 351 9, Fred McGrin 298 9. Willie Mays 3,283 3. Stan Musial 725 19. George Foster 347 10. Orlando Cepeda 293 10. Eddie Murray 4. Ty Cobb 724 3,255 20. Frank Robinson 343 11. Nap Lajole 5. George Breit 665 HOME RUNS, SECOND BASEMAN 3.242 12. Paul Molitor 6. Nap Lajole 657 HOME RUNS, ONE CLUB 3,178 1. Joe Morgan 266 7. Carl Yastrzemski 646 13. George Bren 3,154 1. Hank Aaron, Braves 733 2. Rogers Hornsby 264 14. Paul Waner 8. Honus Wagner 640 3,152 2. Babe Ruth, Yankees 659 9. Hank Aaron 3. Ryne Sandberg 252 624 15. Robin Yount 9.142 3. Willia Mays, Glants 646 4. Joe Gordon 246 10. Paul Waner 605 16, Dave Winfield 3,110 4. Harmon Killebraw, Senators/Twins 559 5. Lou Whitaker 239 11. Rabin Yount 583 17. Rod Carew 3,053 5. Mike Schmidt, Phillies 548 12. Paul Malitor 576 6. Bobby Doerr 223 18 Lou Brock 3,023 6. Mickey Mantle. Yankees 536 13. Charley Gahringer 574 7. Bobby Grich 198 19. AI Kaline 3,007 7. Ted Williams, Red Sox 521 8. Charley Gehringer 181 14. Eddie Murray 560 20. Roberto Clemente 3,000 542 8. Ernie Banks, Cubs 512 15. Harry Heilmann 9. Frank White 156 YEARS LEADING LEAGUE IN HITS 16. Wade Boggs 541 9. Mel Ott, Glants 511 10. Tony Lazzeri 149 8 Rogers Homsby 541 10, Lou Gehrig, Yankees 493 1. Ty Cobb 18. Joe Medwick 540 Eddie Mathaws, Braves 493 HOME RUNS, THIRD BASEMAN 2. Tony Gwynn 7 Dave Wintleld 540 12. Stan Musial, Cardinals 475 1. Mike Schmidt 509 Pete Rose 7 20. AI Simmons Willie Stargell, Pirates 475 2. Eddie Mathews 486 4. Stan Musial 539 6 14. Willie McCovey, Giants 469 3. Graig Nettles 368 5. Tony Oliva 5 TRIPLES 15. Carl Yastrzemski. Rcd Sox 452 4. Ron Samo 337 6. Ginger Beaumont 4 1. Sam Crawford 309 16, AI Kalinc, Tigers 399 5. Ron Cey 312 Nollic Fox 4 2. Ty Cobb 295 17. Billy Williams, Cubs 392 6. Gary Gaetti 309 Rogers Hornsby 4 3. Honus Wagner 252 18. Johnny Bench, Reds 389 7. Brooks Robinson 266 Harvey Kuenn 4 4. Jake Beckley 243 Duke Snider, Dodgers 389 8. Ken Boyer 260 Nap Lajoie 4 5. Roger Connor 233 20. Jim Rice, Red Sox 382 9. Matt Williams 257 Kirby Pucken 4 6. Tris Speaker 222 10. Tim Wallach 249 12. Richia Ashburn 3 7. Fred Clarke 220 HOME RUNS, RIGHTHANDER George Bren 3 8, Dan Brouthers 205 1. Hank Aaron 755 HOME RUNS, SHORTSTOP Dan Browthers 3 9. Joe Kelley 194 2. Willie Mays 660 1. Cal Ripken 345 Jesse Burkett 3 10. Paul Waner 191 3. Frank Robinson 586 2. Emie Banks 277 446 FEB-05-1999 17:23 BASEBALL LIBRARY&ARCHIVE 607 547 4094 P.03 1. Ver Stephens 213 Mel On 8 10. Dave Winfield 5,221 8. Honus Wagner 1,732 1. Alan Trammell 177 Ted Williams 8 11. This Speaker 5,101 9. Tony Perez 1,652 5. Joe Cronin 14. Ernie Banks 7 12. Lou Gehrig 5,060 10. Emie Banks 1,636 155 137 Barry Bonds 7 13. Goorge Brett 5,044 11. Nap Lajoie 1,599 Barry Larkin 129 Rocky Colavilo 7 14. Mel Ott 5,041 12. Mike Schmldt 1,595 Eddle Joost 15. Jimmie Foxx 4,956 13. Andre Dawson 1,591 3. Rico Petrocelli 127 Joe DIMaggio 7 3. Pee Wee Rease 122 Reggle Jackson 7 16. Ted Williams 4,884 14. Rogers Hornaby 1,584 122 Ralph Kiner 7 17. Honus Wagner 4,862 Harmon Killebrew 1,584 Robin Yount Dave Kingman 7 18. Al Kaline 4,852 16. AI Kaline 1,583 HOME RUNS, OUTFIELDER Willie McCovey 7 19. Reggle Jackson 4,834 17. Harry Hellmann 1,539 1. Babe Ruth 692 Fred McGriff 7 20. Andre Dawson 4,787 18. Joe DiMaggio 1,537 2. Hank Aaron 661 300-TOTAL BASE SEASONS 19. Ed Delahanty 1,464 BALLPARKS HITTING HOME RUNS 20. Cal Ripken 1,453 3. Willie Mays 642 514 1. Ellls Burks 32 1. Mank Aaron 15 4. Ted Williams Roger Connor 32 2. Lou Gehrig 13 ABIa, LEFTHANDER 5. Mickey Mame 490 Gary Gaelli 32 Willie Mays 13 1. Babe Ruth 2,213 6. Frank Robinson 463 7. Reggle Jackson Eddle Murray 32 Stan Mustal 13 2. Lou Gehrig 1,995 458 Frank Robinson 32 5. Babe Ruth 11 3. Stan Muslal 1,951 8. Mel Ott 457 Rusty Staub 32 6. Jimmie Foxx 10 4. Ty Cobb 1,937 9. Andre Dawson 404 Harry Stovey 32 7. Joe DiMaggio 9 5. Mel Oth 1,8GO 0. Duke Shider 400 Dave Winfield 400 Dave Winfield 32 Billy Williams 9 6. Carl Yastrzemski 1,844 9. Hank Aaron 31 Ted Williams 9 7. Ted Williams 1,839 HOME RUNS, CATCHER Chill Davis 91 10. Rogers Hornsby 8 8. Reggie Jackson 1,702 Fred McGriH 31 Frank Robinson 8 9. Goose Goslin 1,609 1. Carlton Fisk 351 12. Ron Fairly 30 12. Hank Greenberg 7 327 10. George Brett 1,595 2. Johnny Bench Kirk Glbson 30 Mel Off 7 11. Jake Beckley 1,575 3. Yogl Berra 306 Pete Incaviglia 30 Paul Waner 7 12. Willie McCovey 1,555 4. Gary Carter 298 AI Oliver 30 15. 15 tied with 6 295 13. Willie Stargell 1,540 5. Lance Parrish 6. Roy Campanella 239 16. Bobby Bands 29 SLUGGING PERCENTAGE 14. Tris Speaker 1,529 Doron Johnson 29 15. Sam Crawford 1,525 7. Gabby Hartnett 232 Candy Maldonado 29 (Minimum 2,000 total bases) 16. Dave Parker 1,493 8. Bill Dickey 200 Lee May 29 1. Babe Ruth 690 9. Ted Simmons 29 .634 17. Billy Williams 1,475 195 2. Ted Williams 1,466 10. Bill Freehan 185 Gary Shetfield 3. Low Gehrig 632 18. Rusly Staub HOME RUNS, PITCHER PINCH-HIT HOME RUNS .609 19. Eddle Mathews 1,453 4. Jimmie Foxx 20. Yogi Berra 1,430 37 1. CIII Johnson 20 5. Hank Greenberg 605 1. Wes Ferrell 2. Jerry Lynch 18 6. Frank Thomas 600 RBIs, SWITCH HITTER 2. Bob Lemon 35 3. Gates Brown 16 7. Joe DiMaggio 579 Warren Spahn 35 1. Eddie Murray 1,917 Smoky Burgess 16 8. Rogers Homsby .577 34 .566 2. Mickey Mantle 1,509 4. Red Ruffing Willie McCovey 16 9, Albert Belle 3. George Davis 1,437 5. Earl Wilson 33 6. George Crowe 14 10. Johnny Mize .562 4. Ted Simmons 1,389 6. Don Drysdale 29 7. Joe Adcock 12 Ken Griffey Jr. .582 5. Pete Rose 1,314 7. John Clarkson 24 Bob Cerv 12 12. Stan Musial .559 6. Chill Davis 1,285 Bob Glbson 24 Jose Morales 12 13. Willie Mays .557 7. Frankie Frisch 1,244 9. Walter Johnson 23 Graig Nettles 12 Juan Gonzalez .557 10. Jack Slivetts 20 .567 8. Reggle Smith 1,092 11. Jett Burroughs 11 Mickey Mantic 9. Kan Singleton 1,065 Dizzy Trout 20 Jay Johnstone 11 16. Mark McGwire 556 Candy Maldonado 555 10. Bobby Bonilla 1,061 LEADOFF HOMERS 11 17. Hank Aaron 11. Ruben Sierra 1,036 Fred Whirfield 11 18. Barry Bonds .551 72 .548 12. John Anderson 976 1. Rickey Henderson Cy Williams 11 19. Ralph Kiner 35 13. Tommy Tucker 932 2. Babby Bonds 16. 10 tled with 10 20, Hack Wilson .545 33 14. Terry Pendleton 917 3. Paul Molltor 4. Devon White 30 GRAND SLAMS EXTRA-BASE HITS 15. Duke Farrell 912 28 23 1. Hank Aaron 1,477 16. Tim Raines 900 5. Davey Lopes 1. Lou Gehrig Tony Phillips 28 2. Eddle Murray 19 2. Stan Musial 1,377 17. Augie Galan 830 Eddie Yost 28 3. Willie McCovey 18 3. Babe Ruth 1,356 18. Kid Gleason 823 8. Brady Anderson 27 4. Jimmie Foxx 17 4. Willie Mays 1,32$ 19. Tom Daly 811 9. Brian Downing 25 Ted Williams 17 5. Lou Gehng 1,190 20. Willie McGes 802 10. Low Brock 24 6. Hank Aaron 16 6. Frank Robinson 1,186 100-RBI SEASONS 11. Tommy Harper 23 Dave Kingman 16 7. Can Yastrzemski 1,157 1. Jimmie Foxx 13 Lou Whitaker 23 Babe Ruth 16 8. Ty Cobb 1,136 13. Jimmy Ryan 22 9. Gil Hodges 14 9. Tris Speaker 1,131 Lou Gehrig 13 14. Felipe Alou 20 10. Joe OlMaggio 13 10. George Brett 1,119 Babe Ruth 13 Barry Bonds 20 George Foster 13 11. Jimmie Foxx 1,117 4. Al Simmons 12 Lenny Dykstra 20 Ralph Kiner 13 Ted Williams 1,117 5. Hank Aaron 11 17. Eddie Joost 19 13, Harold Balnes 13. Eddie Murray 1,099 Goose Goslin 11 12 1,093 7. Joe Carter 10 Dick McAuliffe 19 Ernie Banks 12 14. Dave Winfield 19. Hank Bauer 17 Don Baylor 12 15. Reggie Jackson 1,075 Willie Mays 10 Dan Gladden 17 Rogers Hornsby 12 16. Mel Olt 1,071 Stan Musial 10 Rick Monday 17 12 17. Pete Rose 10. Joe OlMaggio 9 Joe Rudi 1.041 Pete Rose 17 Rudy York 12 18. Andre Dawson 1,039 Harmon Killebrew 9 19. Mike Schmidt 1,015 Mel on 9 19. 10 tied with 11 20-HOME RUN SEASONS 20. Rogers Hornsby 1,011 Mike Schmidt 9 MULTIPLE-HOME RUN GAMES 9 1. Hank Aaron 20 Honus Wagner 2. Willte Mays 17 1. Babe Ruth 72 RUNS BATTED IN Ted Williams 9 Frank Robinson 17 2. Willie Mays 63 1. Hank Aaron 2,297 16. Emie Banks 8 4. Reggle Jackson 16 3. Hank Aaron 62 2. Babe Ruth 2,213 Joe Cronin 8 Eddie Murray 10 4. Jimmie Foxx 55 3. Lou Gshrig 1,995 Hugh Duffy 8 Babe Ruth 16 5. Frank Robinson 54 4. Stan Muslal 1,951 Harry Heilmann 8 16 6. Eddie Mathews 49 5. Ty Cobb 1,937 Bob Johnson 8 Ted Williams 8. Mel On 15 Mel Olt 49 6. Jimmic Foxx 1,922 Johnny Mize 8 Willie Stargell 15 8. Harmon Killebrew 46 7. Eddle Murray 1,917 Jim Rice B Dave Winfield 15 Mickey Mantle 46 8. Willia Mays 1,903 WALKS 14 10. Willle McCovey 44 11. Mickey Mantle 9. Cap Anson 1,879 Eddie Mathews 14 Mike Schmidt 44 10. Mel Off 1,860 1. Babe Ruth 2,056 14 12. Dave Kingman 43 11. Carl Yastrzemski 1,844 2. Ted Williams 2,019 Mike Schmidt 43 3. Joe Morgan 1.865 Billy Williams 14 Mark McGwire 12. Ted Williams 1,839 15. Emia Banks 13 14. Emle Banks 42 13. Dave Winfield 1,833 4. Carl Yastrzemski 1,845 13 Lou Gehrig 42 5. Rickay Henderson 1.772 Andre Dawson 14. AI Simmons 1,827 Lou Gehrig 13 Reggis Jackson 42 15. Frank Robinson 1,812 6. Mickey Mantie 1,733 13 17. Ralph Kiner 40 7. Mel Off 1,708 Harmon Killebrew 39 16. Honus Wagner 1,732 19. 7 tied with 12 18. Andre Dawson 8. Eddle Yost 1,614 19. Stan Musial 37 17. Reggis Jackson 1,702 9. Darrell Evans 1,605 RECORD 30-HOME RUN SEASONS 37 18. Tony Parez 1,652 Ted Williams 1,635 10. Stan Muslal 1,599 19. Emie Banks 1. Hank Aaron 15 TOTAL BASES 11. Pete Rose 1,566 20. Goose Goslin 1,609 2. Babe Ruth 13 12. Harmon Killcbrew 1,559 Mike Schmidt 13 1. Hank Aaron 6,856 RBIs, RIGHTHANDER 13. Lou Gchrig 1,508 4. Jimmie Foxx 12 2. Stan Muslal 6,134 5. Willie Mays 6,065 1. Hank Aaron 2,297 14. Mike Schmidt 1,507 11 3. Willle Mays 2. Jimmle Foxx 1,922 15. Eddle Collins 1,499 11 4. Ty Cobb 5,854 Frank Robinson 16. Willie Mays 1,464 5,793 3, Willia Mays 1,903 7. Lou Gehrig 10 5, Babe Ruth 10 4. Cap Anson 1,879 17. Jimmle Foxx 1,452 Harmon Killebrew 6. Pete Rose 5,752 7. Carl Yastrzemski 5,539 5. Dave Winlicid 1,833 18. Eddle Mathews 1,444 Eddle Mathews 10 10. Mickey Mantle 9 8. Eddie Murray 5,397 6. AI Simmons 1,827 19. Frank Robinson 1,420 9. Frank Robinson 5,373 7. Frank Robinson 1,812 20. Hank Aaron 1,402 11. Mark McGwire 8 447 FEB-05-1999 17:24 BASEBALL LIBRARY&ARCHIVE 607 547 4094 P.04 9. Frankle Frisch 1. Rickey Henderson 1,231 19 Jackle Robinson 938 19 2. Lou Brock 9. Billy Hamilton 912 11. Jimmy Sheckard 18 892 Tris Speaker 18 4. Ty Cobb Joe Tinker 18 5. Tim Raines 795 14. Rod Carew 752 17 6. Vince Coleman Eddle Collins 17 7. Eddia Collins 744 739 Larry Dayle 17 8. Arlie Latham 17. Tommy Leach 16 9. Max Carey 738 18. Ben Chapman 15 10. Honus Wagner 722 Fred Clarke 15 11. Joe Morgan 689 Lou Gehrig 15 12. Willle Wilson BB8 13. Tom Brown 657 14. Ben Campaneris 649 PITCHING 15. George Davis 616 16. Dummy Hay 594 GAMES 17. Maury Wills 586 18. George Van Haltren 583 1. Hoyt Withelm 1,070 2. Kant Takulve 1,050 19. Ozzle Smith 580 3. Lee Smith 1,022 20. Hugh Duffy 574 4. Dannis Eckersley 1,021 CAUGHT STEALING 5, Rich Gossage 1.002 1. Lou Brock 307 6. Lindy McDaniel 987 7. Jesse Orosco 956 2. Rickey Henderson 2B8 8. Rollle Fingers 944 3. Brett Butler 257 9. Gene Garber 931 4. Maury Wills 208 10. Cy Young 906 $. Bert Campaneris 199 11. Sparky Lyle 899 6. Rod Carew 187 12. Jim Kast 898 7. Omar Marano 182 13. Jen Reardon 880 8. Cesar Cedeno 179 14. Don McMahon 874 9. Ty Cobb 178 15. Phil Niekro 864 Steve Sax 178 16. Charlle Hough 858 11. Vince Coleman 177 17. Roy Face 848 12. Eddle Collins 173 18. Tug McGraw 624 13. Otls Nixon 172 19. Nolan Ryan 807 14. Bobby Bonds 169 20. Walter Johnson 802 15. Joc Morgan 162 162 GAMES STARTED Billy North he majority of outfielder Rickey Henderson's 1,186 career stolen bases came 17. Pete Rose 149 1. Cy Young 815 2. Nolan Ryan 773 uring his three stints with the Oakland A's. 18. Ozzie Smith 148 19. Sam Rice 143 3. Don Sutton 756 20. Ron LeFlore 142 4. Phil Niekro 716 100-WALK SEASONS 10. Harmon Killebrew 1,699 Tim Raines 142 5. Steve Carlton 709 Babe Ruth 11. Dwight Evans 1,697 6. Tommy John 700 13 12. Dave Winfield 1,686 STEAL PERCENTAGE 7. Gaylord Perry 690 Lou Gehrig 11 13. Chill Davis 1,580 1. Eric Davis 86.12 8. Bert Blyleven 685 Ted Williams 11 14. Lee May 1,570 2. Tim Raines 84.85 9. Pud Galvin 681 Mickey Marrile 10 15. Dick Allen 1,558 3. Barry Larkin 84.26 10. Watter Johnson 666 Mel On 10 16. Willle McCovey 1,550 4. Willie Wilson 83.29 11. Warren Spahn 665 Joe Morgan 8 17. Dave Parker 1,537 5. Davey Lopes 83.01 12. Tom Seaver 647 Eddle Yos) 8 1,532 6. Julio Cruz 81.47 13. Jim Kaat 625 18. Frank Robinson Max Bishop 7 19. Lance Parrish 1,527 7. Rickey Henderson 81.04 14. Frank Tanana 616 Jimmle Foxx 7 20. Willie Mays 1,526 8. Marquis Grissom 80.99 15. Early Wynn 612 Harmon Killebrew 7 9. Joe Murgan 60.96 1G. Robin Roberts 609 100-STRIKEOUT SEASONS 10. Vince Colaman 17. Grover Alexander 500 Mike Schmidt 7 80.95 Frank Thomas 7 1. Reggie Jackson 18 11. Andy Van Slyke 80.59 18. Fergie Jenkins 594 Roy Thomas 7 2. Dave Kingman 13 12. Lonny Dykstra 79.83 Tim Keefe 594 20. Kid Nichols 561 Barry Bonds 6 Willic Stargell 13 13. Ozzle Smith 79.67 Harlond Cliff 6 4. Mike Schmidt 12 14. Kenny LoHon 79.55 COMPLETE GAMES Rickey Henderson 6 5. Dale Murphy 11 15. Gary Redus 79.51 1. Cy Young 749 Eddle Japst 6 6. Dick Allen 10 16. Paul Molitar 79.33 2. Pud Galvin 639 Ralph Kiner 6 Bobby Bonds 10 17. Roberto Alomar 79.12 3. Tim Keefe 554 Eddle Stanky G Frank Howard 10 18. Devon White 78.89 4. Walter Johnson 531 Gene Тепасе 6 10 19. Luis Aparicio 78.82 Greg Luzinsk! Kid Nichols 531 20. Amos Otis 78.57 Jini Wynn 6 6. Mickey Welch 525 Lee May 10 Carl Yastrzemskl 6 50-STEAL SEASONS 7. Charles Radbourn 489 Tony Perez 10 B. John Clarkson 485 INTENTIONAL WALKS 12. Lou Brock 9 1. Lou Brock 12 9. Tony Mullane 468 Fred McGriff 9 293 Rickey Handerson 12 10. Jim McConnick 466 Hank Aaron Danny Tartabuli 9 3. Billy Hamilton 9 11. Gus Weyhing 448 Barry Bonds 260 15. Jose Canseco 8 Arlie Latham 9 12. Grover Alexander 437 Willie McCovey 260 Rub Deer B 5. Ty Cobb 8 13. Christy Mathowson 434 George Brett 229 Mickey Mantic B Tim Raines 8 14. Jack Powell 422 Willie Stargell 227 Rick Monday 8 7. Bert Campaneris 7 15. Eddie Plank 410 Eddie Murray 222 Lance Parrish 8 Vince Coleman 7 16. Will White 394 Frank Robinson 218 Doug Rader 6 9. Tom Brown 6 17. Amos Rusie 393 Mike Schmidt 201 Juan Samuel 8 18. VIc Willis S88 Max Carey 6 Ernic Banks 198 Darryl Strawberry 8 Cesar Cedeno 6 19. Warren Spahn 362 Rusty Staub 193 Eddle Collins 6 20. Jim Whitney 377 192 HIT BY PITCH Willie Mays Harry Stovey 6 OPENING DAY STARTS Carl Yastrzemski 190 1. Hughie Jennings 287 Curt Weich 6 Tony Gwynn 189 2. Tommy Tucker 272 1. Tom Seaver 16 15. Ned Hanion 5 Ted Simmons 188 3. Don Baylor 267 2. Steve Carlton 14 Dummy Hoy 5 Walter Johnson 14 Billy Williams 182 4. Ron Hunt 243 King Kelly 5 Chili Davis 180 230 Jack Morris 14 5. Dan McGann Kenny Lotton 5 5. Robin Roberts 13 Harold Baines 173 6. Frank Robinson 198 Omar Moreno $ Cy Young 13 Wade Boggs 172 7. Minnie Minoso 192 Joe Morgan 5 7. Grover Alexander 12 Dave Winfield 172 8. Jake Beckley 183 Dits Nixon 5 Ben Blylaven 12 Dave Parker 170 9. Curt Weich 173 Honus Wagner $ 9. Fergie Jenkina 11 10. Kid Elberfold 166 John Ward 5 Dennis Martinez 11 STRIKEOUTS 11. Fred Clarke 153 Maury Wills 5 11. Bob Glbson 10 Reggie Jackson 2,597 12. Chet Lemon 151 STEALS DF HOME Juan Marichal 10 Willie Stargell 1,936 13. Carlton Flsk 143 George Mullin 10 Mike Schmidt 1,883 14. Nellie Fox 142 1. Ty Cobb 50 Warren Spahn 10 Tony Peraz 1,867 15. Art Fletcher 141 2. Max Carey 33 15. Phill Niskro 8 Dave Kingman 1,816 16. Bill Dahlen 140 3. George J. Burns 28 Gaylord Perry 9 Bobby Bonds 1,757 17. Frank Chance 137 4. Honus Wagner 27 Stave Rogers 9 Date Murphy 1,748 1B. Dummy Hoy 134 5. Sherry Magee 23 Nolan Ryan 9 Lou Brock 1,730 Nap Lajoie 134 Frank Schulte 23 Rick Sutcliffe 9 Mickey Mantle 1,710 John McGraw 134 7. Johnny Evers 21 Don Sutton 9 448 TOTAL 04 MPERSTARS OF BASEBALL BY BOB BROEG DIAMOND COMM UNICATIONS, SOUTH BEND, ,EN © 1994 ORIGINAL 755: Henry Aaron leads all the rest in name runs. four times matching in homers the uniform number he made famous-44. HANK AARON Just as Henry Aaron stood a wrist-snapping To the tune of "You're the Top." it went, in swing away from THE record, Babe Ruch's 714 part, as a show-stopper. home runs, which once seemed as safe as the fact that no one could prove the moon wasn't made of You 're the top, green cheese, The Hammer came to Sc. Louis to You're THE home-run hitter. accept an award and clear his dinner place rather You "TC the top, than the bases. You're Gaylord's spitter. It was early in 1974, the year IT happened, and You're a Bacharach tune, you gave Bowie the occasion was an annual Baseball Writers' chap- Kuhn the pox, ICI dinner of roasts and toasts, songs and skirs. Jim You the SEC. Toomey, a reformed sportswriter occasionally hor- The ITT, tempered as P.R. person for the Cardinals. prepared You "re Magnavor. a Cole Porter parody of salute to Aaron. 1 P.01 607 547 4094 BASEBALL LIBRARY&ARCHIVE FEB-05-1999 17:26 SUPERSTARS OF BASEBALL You the rop, and a character that would withstand the slings, ar- You re this baseball dinner. rows and obscenities of the racially bigored. the You 're the top, black man walking call led not only che baseball al- You a Series winner. phabet. Aaron, like Abou Ben Adhem. led all the You re a cencer-fold chat can : be told to strip. rest. You an Egg-McMuffin. From that moment in early April of '74 at At- You're turkey and stuffin; lanta until he finished up in late September of '76 You're skinny-dip. at Milwaukee, a designated hitter no longer able to bac, run or field as before, it was all downhill on an You 're the top, uphill climb-if you forgive the uneven cypo- You Bob Gibson ripping. graphical cerrain. You're the top. By the time he'd played largely two seasons as a You're Jabbar ripping. designated hitter making $240,000 with the The ghoss of Ruth has gone, forsooth. ker-plop. American League Brewers of Milwaukee BEFORE Though the Braves are near che bottom, free agency lifted salary lids. In Sudsville's County You're the top " Scadium where he'd also played the first 12 of his 23 years in the majors when the Braves were based So it went for three more amusing, liking stan- there, Aaron had shredded the record book zas, the white teeth of The Hammer widening al- His home run total. though his last three-season most as much as when IT finally happened at 9:07 total of 42 just about would match one of his typi- P.M. (Eastern Standard Time) on a Monday night, cal years in his prolonged peak. had reached 755. April 9, 1974 at Adanca's Fulton County Stadium, His 3.771 base hies were second only to Ty Cobb's where 2 sellour crowd of 52.870 saw Henry er, 4,191, prior to Pete Rose's subsequent record, and Hank, if you prefer connect in the fourth inning he'd collected the most long hits, 1,477, and total against Los Angeles lefthander Al Downing. bases, 6,856, passing both the Babe and The As the 1-0 pitch sailed over the inner left-field Hammer's longtime National League rival, Stan fence into the bullpen, where it was retrieved by Musial. Braves' reliever Tom House, Aaron crossed around Of course, he'd also played the most big league the bases with characteristically short, choppy ball games at that point, 3,298, and he'd gone to strides, not entirely unlike Babe Ruch's quick, bac the most times, too, 12,364, because you can't mincing steps. get a base hit much less a long ball when bench 715. warming. The rangy, rawhided righthanded hitter The crowd rose to its feet as one, Aaron's team- with the career average of 310, which went down mates poured out of the dugout and bullpen to greet as his home runs went up, must have been allergic him at home place, lifted him and carried him a few to all wood except the kind he swung. He spent steps toward the bench before he broke away and precious little time gathering splinters until he ap- worted to 2 special box adjacent to the Adanta dug- peared in only 85 games his last year. Previously, out, where he embraced his wife. Billye, and his par- favored by a 162-game schedule for 15 seasons, enes, Mr. and Mrs. Herbert Aaron of Mobile, Ala. he'd played 150 or more contests 14 times. So ac 40, as a reward for durability and consis- For too many seasons, Aaron did his thing al- tency, strength and scamina. record consciousness most invisibly, chafing under lack of appreciation 35 2 607 547 4094 BASEBALL LIBRARY&ARCHIVE 12:22 6661-90-833 20'd HANK AARON an all-around ballplayer, truly one of the best, even my career, nobody ran on me and I never threw to more than failure to appreciate him as a hitter. Al- the wrong base and I could go get the ball." though he won a National League barring champi- For a fact, Aaron was underrated by many be- onship as far back as 1957, hitting .355 when he cause he lacked the spectacular flair of Mays or the won his only Most Valuable Player award, he didn't dynamic dash of Clemente, but he was all-all as a arrive in many persons' eyes, nationally, until he ballplayer, a point he proved when, at the urging of achieved the 3,000-hir goal early in 1970, a year first Bobby Bragan and then Charley Dressen, he before he hit a career high of 47 home runs. opened up as a base-stealer. One year, 1963, he By chen, he was 37 years old and, again, by then, joined that rare breed of 30-homer, 30-stolen base he had hit 40 or more homers six times, including players, hitting 44 for four bases, and filching 31. curiously, matching his uniform number-44- Yeah, and he was thrown our only a couple of four times. It was when he rebounded with the times. high production in '71 that he began to think first The easy-does-it approach Aaron had. plus the of Ruth's Mt. Everest of hitting and Musial's Na- fact that he put on no more than 10 pounds from donal League hit high. 3,630. a figure he just missed the time he came up at 20 until he quit at 42, ac- because he went in a huff to the American League at counted in part for his knack of escaping pulled Milwaukee. muscles. He hit with wrists that were exceptionally For those who looked upon him as a phlegmacic chick and which rolled over in his swing so that his automaton, Aaron's bolc back to the Brewers was right hand wound up on top of the left. Truth is, not to return to baseball's equivalent of his achletic that's the way he'd barred as a kid-cross-handed- womb, but, rather, because he felt the Braves had when he joined the Indianapolis Clowns of the van- capitalized fully on him as a hitter and planned only ishing Negro National League in 1952. a token front office future. The financially shaky "IfI'd had it to do over," said Aaron lare in his Adanta operation obliged him by dealing him to career, "I'd have been a switch-hitter. After all, bar- Milwaukee for outfielder Dave May and pitcher ting cross-handed from the right side, I was already Roger Alexander, hardly household words. part way there." Aaron's reaction to the "hare" mail, which grew With his speed, as deceptive as his play in gen- as figurative brown-shoed, white-soxed, real-life eral, Henry would have legged our at least a few Archie Bunker rednecks began to realize he really more in those 13,940 times he went to home plate posed a threat to Ruch's career record, was one of from the time he first faced a big league pitcher, dismay, then disgust, hurt and finally anger. Cincinnati righthander Bud Podbielan, at Crosley "I've always admired Jackie Robinson most be- Field on April 13, 1954. It was at the same park cause of what he did. but I didn't appreciate fully where he dribbled hit No. 3,000 over second base what he endured until now," said the black man TO 16 years later. whom the "nigger" put-down had become only a Ingloriously, Aaron took the collar that opener in part of the unpleasantness. '54-"oh, oh for 5"-against Podbielan, Joe "I'm not trying to make anybody forget Ruth, Nuxhall and Frank Smith in 2 slugfest won by the but, instead, to remember Aaron," said Henry, who Reds, 9-8. Next day the first of those 3,771 hits was born the year before the Babe hung it up, 1935. came against Sc. Louis at Milwaukee, a double off "It's just like the rest of my game. I never said I was the left-field fence at County Stadium. Willie Mays defensively or that I threw as well as The victim was a fast-firing veteran righthander, Roberto Clemente, but, until I hurt my arm late in Vic Raschi, a veteran big name from the American 3 P.03 607 547 4094 BASEBALL LIBRARY&ARCHIVE 12:22 6661-90-833 SUPERSTARS OF BASEBALL League and the New York Yankees. Little more 13 27 26 44 30 39 40 34 than a week later, April 23, at St. Louis's 45 44 24 32 44 39 29 44 Sportsman's Park, facing the same Raschi at a time 38 47 34 40 Henry was getting along with .267, he got his first And after a winter's suspense before the 1974 RBI and his first homer. season, with Commissioner Bower Kuhn disturbed Who would have thought, then, that the kid that Mathews, then managing the Braves, hinted Charley Grimm had picked to replace broken- he'd like to keep The Harnmer on the bench 50 that legged Bobby Thomson in an outfield with Andy he could tie and break the record at home, Aaron Pafko and Bill Bruton would his one after another answered the pressure by reeing off the Reds' Jack uncil he'd even passed the Babe by what amounted Billingham opening day at Cincinnati. to a sizable season's total. 41 homers? Belatedly, Atlanca had awakened to the signifi- Sure, Henry went to bat almost 4,000 times cance at the tail end of the '73 season when, for in- more than Ruth did, so he's really the greatest bitter stance, more than 40,000 came out for the final of home runs rather than the greatest homerun hitter. game, giving Aaron a warm, encouraging cheer He bought that distinction from me one time, espe- when he popped up his last cime up and world out cially when I pointed out that it meant that the to left field. So, as mentioned, not only was the Babe was the most prodigious homerun hitter and park packed for the home opener on that magical that he (Aaron) was the most prolific. But for a guy Monday night in April 1974, but a national relevi- who hit from 200 to 300 homers MORE than the sion audience watched a "Monday Night Game of likes of such muscle men as Ted Williams, Jimmy the Week" that was far from routine. Foxx, Mel Ott, Emie Banks, Ed Mathews, Musial, If thousands say they saw the Babe his No. 60 off et al. it's a bit galling when suddenly someone starts counting the home runs Sadarahu Oh is hitting in Tom Zachary the last day of the 1927 season at Japan. Yankee Stadium, exaggerating, millions WILL be "Over here," said Aaron evenly even before Jim able to say they saw Aaron's No. 715-and mean it. Rice at Boscon had become the American League's Yes, and through the marvel of television's in- Most Valuable Player in 1978, "I don't think any- stant replay, they saw it again and again. As cus- one will break my records, but if anyone can or tomary, Aaron shuffled rather than walked into the does, I'd suggest Rice 15 having the best chance." batter's box, loose-limbed and relaxed until just be- Rice did have a beckoning target, the Green fore the ball was pitched. He had a habit of hirting Monster, 25 Fenway Park's high. close barrier is off his front foot, dragging the tip of the right shoe called, but he fell far short. Aaron was favored with so that he wore out more back-foot shoes than the high altitude and a left-field fence pulled in for his front. benefit at Atlanta in the second half of his career. Over the years, I thought he'd been a better hit- But Milwaukee was no piece of cake and, after the ter at Milwaukee when he went to right field, the switch to Dixie in 1966, Henry didn't have Eddie opposite field, more often to the point that the foc Mathews, forming a tremendous tandem as they had to play him straight away. Now and then, he'd combined at Milwaukee. hit one out of chere the other way, too. His nemesis The secret of Aaron's success was two-fold. For then was herky-jerky St. Louis southpaw Curt 20 years he averaged 120 games a year, an incredible Simmons, who changed-up beautifully on him, dis- number, and he hit home runs with almost mo- daining to throw the Fastball, observing: notonous consistency if not eye-popping quantity, "Trying to throw 3 fastball past Aaron is like cry- to wit, en route to 715: ing to sneak the sunrise past a rooster." 4 607 547 4094 BASEBALL LIBRARY&ARCHIVE 17:27 6661-90-833 P.04 HANKAARON Well said, like The Hammer's remark the time Although he scill took a king-sized swing, Aaron Yogi Berra, catching in one of the many All-Star had what ascure baseball judge Paul Richards called Games in which Aaron did not distinguish himself, "che knack of adjusting to the pitch in mid-flight." showed boch his powers of gabbiness and observa- And though aware Babe Ruth had been a great tion when, glancing up at the slugger's bar gripped pitcher and had not benefired from airconditioning with the crademark down, he said: and ocher modem conveniences, Stan Musial noted "Hey, Hank. you're holding your bat wrong." that the Babe had proficéd from more small parks Quote Mr. Aaron, "I don't read 'cm, I just hit and the infrequent use of relief pitching specialists, 'em." which was still true through Musial's early years, He would agree, though, a bit wistfully, that he too. had been a better hitter at Milwaukee when he'd go Furthermore, comparing or contrasting Aaron to right-field or when, as in exasperation one time and Ruth. they were as different in their lifestyles al- against Simmons in St. Louis, he guessed a change- most as in the color of their skin and their physical up and, striding onto home plate, stepped into the appearances as well as habics. To the Babe, baseball ball and hit it onto the right-field roof. When The merely was a pleasant interlude from an extra-in- Hammer came around to "score," he found he'd ning evening of booze, broads and black cigars, been foiled again by Simmons. Umpire Chris from debauchery to devastating digestive mish- Pelckoudas, working balls and strikes, declared mash. Hank our for having stepped our of che batter's box Aaron would come to town, seek out the best (onto the plate) to hit the ball. Polynesian food, if possible, taxi there for dinner, At Adanca, becoming almost strictly a one-field and then return to his hotel to watch a television hitter for whom the foe began to shift by placing movie uncil past midnight. He drank hard liquor so three infielders on the left side, Aaron said he'd al- seldom that, as he put it, smiling, his idea of some- tered his stance and his swing. thing strong was an occasional bourbon with sweet "For one thing," he said, "Mathews left the soda used as mix. He smoked about half a pack of lincup and Joe Adcock was gone. At Milwaukee, cigarettes a day and even when divorced. he re- they were the power men for whom I could get on garded himself as conservative in his pursuit of all base. For another ching, in the move to Atlanta I pleasures. felt the quickest way to win the hearts of the base- "I've found that I need my rest, lucky I wasn't ball fans in the Soucheast would be to hit the long hurt too often, and although I could cat anything, one." I'd eat only one meal a day so that my weight didn't Aaron also had heard, too, the old story that over fluctuare, "said Henry, who would have a couple of the years the first sign of corrosion of coordination beers after a night game, then rest until about 12:30 for a batter is decreased ability to pull che ball. In P.M. the next day. On the road he sent down for other words, an older player just can't get his bat coffee and the newspapers. He'd watch an early af- around quickly enough on a good faseball and- ternoon soap opera or ancient movie on TV, cac- The Hammer wouldn't accept the inevitable. "I nap, then have an early dinner-often in his adjusted my stance and my barring grip and swing," room-before going to the ballpark early. he said. "I brought my hands down somewhat and "I wasn't anti-social," he said, "bur I had goals to also held them closer into my body. The idea was go and only one body with which to achieve chem." to shorten my swing. to quicken it in reaction to the Smart boy. Henry Louis Aaron, middle child of pitched ball." seven who lived. He was born to Mobile folks who 5 P.05 607 547 4094 BASEBALL LIBRARY&ARCHIVE 17:38 6661-90-833 SUPERSTARS OF BASEBALL traced their ancestors back to slaves. Hank's facher, owned when the rail ticket came to report to the Herbert, had a good job in Mobile 25 a spring training camp of the Clowns at Winston- boilermaker's helper at the Alabama Drydock and Salem, N.C. Shipbuilding Company. As 1 result, wife Estella Aware that Aaron got up to nearly a quarter-mil- and the kids had it a bit better than the average lion dollars to play ball even before the severing of black in the suffering Souch of Depression Thirties. baseball's umbilical cord, the reserve clause. made By young Aaron's own recollection, Henry hung free agency possible is impressive, all right. So, too, pretty close to mom's apron strings. Younger is the $1,000,000 contract Hank signed with brother, Tommy, later a fringe big leaguer, was just Magnavox for Five years of promotion, including the opposite. use of baseballs commemorating home runs No. Born as a 10-pound Piscean, H. Aaron learned 714 and 715 before they would go to the Hall of loyalty, love and how to take adversity from his fam- Fame at Cooperstown. Sensitively in his quier way, ily. When a brocher accidentally belted open Aaron always felt the Hall of Fame and the commis- Henry's head with a broomstick and the boy wailed sioner both were remiss in not making more of to his father, his facher told him to stop bawling, as home run No. 700. Sorry, Hank, old friend. I'm writer Al Stump recorded it, and to take it like a with you in most instances, but not that milestone. man. incidental to IT. He WAS a man among boys, so good as a 145- If any would envy Aaron's subsequent financial pound football player at Mobile's Central High success, please don't forget that chis was the same School that, shrewdly, he finally quit. You see, willowy wanderer who left home with $2, two sand- Mom Aaron had it figured that he'd get a college wiches, those extra pair of pants, a cardboard suit- athletic scholarship, probably from Florida A & M. case, and his family's well wishes. And in the segre- and, by then, Henry had made up his mind that gation of the South on the Clowns' bus trips-the baseball was his dish of tea leaves. Sure enough, Supreme Court ruling striking down "seperate but playing infielder for a kids' team, he caught the eye equal" evasion of blacks' rights was still two years of the manager of a black semi-pro team. distant-the diet was baloncy and crackers, grocery Aaron soon was a "highly paid," 53-a-game store cupcakes and cola. Restaurants wouldn't serve semi-pro, but then he began to look so good for the men of the different color then. Mobile Black Bears that the traveling secretary of Even when the Braves paid $2,500 for a 30-day the Indianapolis Clowns approached him. The look-see option and a $7,500 follow-up. on the black big leagues were disappearing 35 the top play- okay of their former manager, scout Billy ers and crowds had begun to flock to see Robinson, Souchworth, Aaron didn't get a penny of the price. Roy Campanella, Don Newcombe, Willie Mays, It went to Sid Pollock, who owned the Clowns. Larry Doby, Monte Irvin and other black league Paid $300 a month to play with Eau Claire. graduates who had made the game better and the Wis., of the Class C Northern League in 1952, plight of their people. strictly on his own and only a 50-50 shortstop, the A $200-a-month offer dazzled the boy, but his kid wich che $5 suit. rag-tag glove and blazing .336 mother was firm. Bunny Downs and the Clowns bat worked his way. Even though Aaron's average would have to wait until Henry finished high in the Class A Sally League with Jacksonville, Fla, a school. Hank had done odd jobs such as cut year later was .362, is was the RBI production (125) weeds, crim hedges and pick berries, so he bought a of the lad moved to second base that excited man- new sports jacket and the two pair of pants he ager Ben Geraghty and general manager John 6 90'd 209 BASEBALL LIBRARY&ARCHIVE FEB-05-1999 17:28 4094 547 Henry Aaron / 51 Rock Hill, South Carolina, of the Tri-State League employed a black outfielder named David Mobley, but after appearing in the lineup once, he was banned by the league. The Cotton States League went one step further when it tried to banish the entire Hot Springs franchise from its ranks during the Tugerson inci- dent in 1953. The same year, Jacksonville Beach attempted to put black players on its Florida State League roster, but the local chamber of commerce wouldn't permit it. "No race prejudice is involved," explained a spokesman. "It's just that the patrons of the team felt they would rather have an all-white team." There were a handful of players on the fringe of the Deep South as early as 1952. After Aaron's teammate with the Clowns, Ray Neil, was rejected in Dallas, the same team signed a black pitcher-outfielder named Dave Hoskins, who dominated the Texas League that year. The Florida International League fielded three black players in 1952-Dave Barnhill of Miami Beach, Claro Duany of Tampa, and Willie Felden of Fort Lauderdale. But even so, the prospect of playing in even a suburb of the South was terrifying to most black players-especially those from the North, to whom the South was a land of horror stories. An item from the New York Giants' training camp in 1953 subtly demon- strates this, as reported by the Pittsburgh Courier: "Doesn't Want To Go South! Perhaps the hardest-working player in uniform is Bill White, rookie first baseman. Reason? White wants to go to a Class C league in the North rather than face discrimination if he goes into the Carolina League." As it turned out, the future pres- ident of the National League was dispatched to Danville, Vir- ginia, of the Carolina League, where he had to be removed from the field on several occasions for engaging in animated disputes with objecting white customers. While the breakthroughs in the Carolinas and Florida were significant, the two minor leagues that carried the banner of the Deep South were the Southern and South Atlantic. Their mem- bers were located in the Jim Crow playing fields of Louisiana, Alabama, Georgia, South Carolina, and Northern Florida, where the notion of interracial athletic competition was unthinkable to many. In towns like Birmingham and Montgomery, it was 52 / I HAD A HAMMER against the law for blacks and whites to even play checkers or dominoes together. To its very end, the Southern League held out staunchly against integration. The only black player who ever appeared in MINOR LOAH LEAVE a Southern League game was Nat Peeples, who went to bat one time for the Atlanta Crackers in 1954. He failed to get a hit, and when the league closed down in 1961-in large part, because of its racial intransigence-it could say that a black man never made it to first base in the Southern League. The South Atlantic League-the Sally League, as they called it, Mother of the Minors and Cradle of the Great-was made up of smaller towns than was the Southern. Its members were Mont- gomery, Alabama; Columbus, Augusta, and Savannah, Georgia; Columbia and Charleston, South Carolina; and the infamous Jacksonville. In 1953, the Sally League was observing its fiftieth birthday, ceremonially formalizing its place in Southern tradi- tion. In many cultural respects, Aunt Sally represented the South at its deepest. It was into this uncharted and forbidding territory that the Milwaukee Braves sent Henry Aaron, Horace Garner, and Felix Saly Mantilla. The three unwitting pioneers were assigned to the leafe Braves' Class A farm club in Jacksonville, the very city where Jackie Robinson had been welcomed with policemen and pad- locks. At the same time, Savannah signed on a pair of black players named Fleming Reedy and Al Israel. And so, despite the efforts of Robinson and the others, it was up to Henry Aaron, Horace Garner, Felix Mantilla, Fleming Reedy, and Al Israel to break the color line in the most vividly racial corner of the coun- try. Baseball wouldn't be truly integrated in America until these five young men had made it through a season in the Sally League. The Boston Braves moved to Milwaukee one day during spring training in 1953. John Quinn, the general manager, walked Henry Aaron / 55 As it turned out, it was a good thing I left Kissimmee when I did, because it gave me time to learn a new position in Waycross. Felix Mantilla, a Puerto Rican who had played at Evansville the year before, was easily the best shortstop in the organization, so right off they moved me across the bag to second base. That way, Felix and I could play on the same team, which is exactly what happened-except that we didn't know it would be that way funtil they announced it. In those days, with so many minor- league teams, they made assignments the way they gave out tour- of-duty orders in the army. You had hundreds of guys in camp- guys with numbers on their backs like 195F-and nobody knew where they were headed. Finally, they'd put up a list with every- body's assignment and call it out. It would be like: Henry Aaron, Bus 5, you're going to Jacksonville. Felix Mantilla, Bus 5. Horace Garner, Bus 5. They told us to pack our things and be on the bus the next morning, because we had to get to Jacksonville to play the Red Sox. They also mentioned that Horace, Felix, and I would be breaking the color line in the Sally League. The game against the Red Sox was called a "historic event" in the Jacksonville newspaper, the Florida Times-Union. Since Jackie Robinson had been locked out six years before, black play- ers had participated in games there on four occasions, but never on Jacksonville's side. As we expected, there were some boos, and we heard "nigger" and "burrhead" and "eight-ball" and other friendly greetings, but the biggest problem that day was the Red Sox. They beat us, 14-1. I could take some satisfaction in the fact that our one was a home run I hit in the eighth inning-to right field, naturally-against Ike Delock. Two days later, we played Tommy Holmes's Toledo team, and it pleased me to hit a 400-foot home run to center field. The fact was, we probably had more talent than Toledo, even though We were two classifications lower. With Horace in right field, Felix at shortstop, Joe Andrews at first base, Rance Pless at third base, Jim Frey in center, and Ray Crone and Larry Lassalle pitch- ng, we had the best roster that Jacksonville had ever seen. Jack- onville hadn't been blessed with many good teams, and neither had our manager, Ben Geraghty. Ben was a baseball through 230 / I HAD A HAMMER the record, but I didn't want to do it batting .240. I wanted to hit .300, and if the record came along the way, great. If not, it would come the next year. There was no time pressure. Only two things could keep me from breaking the record-a serious injury or a terrible batting average. If I couldn't get my average up to a re- spectable level, there was a chance I would stop short, because I'd never been a one-dimensional hitter and I didn't want to be one at the moment history came knocking. So, as far as I was concerned, everything was fine and dandy as long as I stayed healthy and the base hits fell in. Not everybody shared that opinion, however. g Dear Nigger, Everybody loved Babe Ruth. You will be the most hated man in this country if you break his career home run record. Dear Nigger, In my humble way of thinking, you are doing more to hurt Base- ball than any other that ever played the game. You may break the record and you may replace Babe Ruth in the hearts of the liberal sportswriters, the liberal newspapers, TV and radio, as well as in the hearts of the long-haired Hippies. But you will never replace the Babe in the hearts of clear-thinking members of our Society. So, roll on in your undeserved glory, Black Boy. Friend Hank, If you should "break" Babe Ruth's record of 714 home runs, remember the Babe averaged a home run for every eleven times at bat. For several years he was pitching. If the Babe had been playing every day possible, his home runs would be close to 900. I believe you are a man of high morals and wouldn't want to be the holder of a title that could be later classified as being tainted. Think it over Hank. Dear Black Boy, Listen Black Boy, We don't want no nigger Babe Ruth. Henry Aaron / 231 Dear Super Spook, First of all, I don't care for the color of shit. You are pretty damn repugnant trying to break the Babe's record. You boogies will think that you invented baseball or something. Dear Mr. Nigger, I hope you don't break the Babe's record. How do I tell my kids that a nigger did it? In May, when our crowds were so pitiful that you could prac- tically hear somebody crack open a peanut, there was a small group of rednecks who sat in the right-field stands and heckled me for three straight nights. At first, it was the same stuff I was used to hearing, mostly about all the money I was making for striking out and hitting into double plays, but as they became drunker and louder they became more obscene and personal, and I became angrier and angrier. They were using Sally League lan- guage, and I wasn't going to let anybody take me back to the Sally League. Finally, in the ninth inning of the third night, I walked over to the stands and told them I was going to come up there and kick their asses if they didn't shut up. But before I could do anything I would later regret, the security police arrived and escorted them out of the park. I really can't say what might have happened if security hadn't come. All I know is that I was fed up. I didn't expect the fans to give me a standing ovation every time I stepped on the field, but I thought a few of them might come over to my side as I approached Ruth. At the very least, I felt I had earned the right not to be verbally abused and racially ravaged in my home ballpark. I felt I had earned the right to be treated like a human being in the city that was supposed to be too busy to hate. The way I saw it, the only thing Atlanta was too busy for was baseball. It didn't seem to give a damn about the Braves, and it seemed like the only thing that mattered about the home run record was that a nigger was about to step out of line and break it. I was angry enough that I made a public statement in which I charged that America was still a racist country and all Henry Aaron / 233 the all-around player I'd been ten or five or even two years before, but I did have the best home run percentage in the National League. My batting average also climbed steadily starting in the middle of May. All things considered, I thought I was having a hell of a year. Dear Nigger, You can hit all dem home runs over dem short fences, but you can't take dat black off yo face. Dirty old nigger man, Had Ruth played and been at bat as many times as you, old nigger, he would have hit just short of 1100 home runs. I hope lightning strikes you for trying to blemish Ruth's record. Retire old man. I repeat I hope lightning strikes you old man four- flusher. The worst to you old black man. Dear Hank Aaron, How about some sickle cell anemia, Hank? Dear Jungle Bunny, You may beat Ruth's record but there will always be only one Babe. You will be just another Black fuck down from the trees. Go back to the Jungles. Dear Brother Hank Aaron, I hope you join Brother Dr. Martin Luther King in that Heaven he spoke of. Willie Mays was a much better player than you, anyway! Dear Nigger, You're a real SKUM. You should still be in the Nigger Leagues. Dear Jungle Bunny, You have the nerve to try to break the Babe's record. 1st of all you're black so you have no business even being here. Go back 234 / I HAD A HAMMER to Coonsland. You and your people always talk about be treated bad. Well look what the Krauts and the Romans did to the Jews and Christians, never giving them a chance. In America we gave you niggers everything and you want more. Personally I like you because I don't think your prejudice like them bigots but cause your black you're un-equal to me the King. In closing I hope you hit 713 and get a heart attack on the field but your a nice jig. Dear Nigger Scum, Niggers, Jews, Yankees, Hippies, Nigger Lovers are the scum of the Earth. Niggers are animals, not humans. Niggers do not have souls because they are animals, have strong backs and weak minds. The time has come to send the niggers back to Africa, there is an animal shortage over there. You niggers are no good, sorry, dirty as cockroaches and a dead nigger is a good nigger. The nigger loving Jews are sorry as niggers, and a disgrace to the White Race. These scum should be sent back to Israel. Boy, I despise, hate and detest you scum. The world is better off to get rid of you scum-scum-scum-scum-scum. As the hate mail piled up, I became more and more intent on breaking the record and shoving it in the ugly faces of those bigots. I'm sure it made me a better hitter. But it also made my life very, very difficult. A lot of the letters threatened me, and it got to the point that the FBI was reading and confiscating some 3,000 of my mail before I ever saw it. My secretary, Carla Koplin, was 000 going through almost 3,000 letters a day at one point. Most of the lettrr mail was supportive, and the encouraging words people wrote day helped me fight through the hate. The good fans helped keep me going, and I was grateful to them, but in a different way, they could be as hard to deal with as the bad ones. In Los Angeles, the Braves arranged for the bus to pick us up in front of the dugout, because I could never make it through the autograph hounds to the parking lot. All over the league, I had to register at our hotels under fictitious names. I would reserve one room in my name, where the operator could put calls through and let them ring, and another in a name like Diefendorfer, where I actually stayed. The Henry Aaron / 235 problem was that sometimes my children couldn't get through, and that worried me because they weren't safe. My oldest daughter, Gaile, was a student at Fisk University in Nashville, and she was receiving strange, unsettling phone calls. Other students told her that a man had been asking them about her schedule and her habits. One morning, Billye and I FBI were having breakfast at home when an FBI agent knocked on the door and told me there were reports that Gaile had been kidnapped. It turned out that she hadn't been, but an informer told the FBI that the kidnapping had been plotted and attempted. It was enough to scare the hell out of me, and, needless to say, it was a horrifying experience for Gaile. My dorm mother came and got me one day and brought me to a room where four FBI men were waiting for me. That was when they told me they had received a report that I might be kid- napped. They told me what to do if it happened, and they told me how they planned to protect me. There were FBI agents all over the campus, disguised as yardmen and maintenance men. That whole year at Fisk, I was never by myself. It was pretty frightening, and I know my father was worried sick about it. He flew up to Nashville to visit me almost every time he had an off day.-Gaile Aaron We were able to keep closer tabs on the other kids, who were living with Barbara and going to private schools in Atlanta- Hankie and Lary at Marist High School and Dorinda just down the road at a Montessori elementary school. The schools were very strict about keeping strangers and visitors away from the kids, but we couldn't protect everybody all the time, and there were enough crackpots out there to make us constantly nervous. Once, when the newspaper ran a picture of Dorinda and me at a Braves father-kid game, somebody clipped it and sent it to me with the words, "Daddy, please think about us. Please, please!" Nobody close to me was off limits. People would even call my parents in Mobile and tell them that they would never see their boy again. My father would tell them to go to hell and then hang up. Henry Aaron / 237 Dear Hank, You are a very good ballplayer, but if you come close to Babe Ruth's 714 homers I have a contract out on you. Over 700 and pable you can consider yourself punctured with a .22 shell. If by the plessom all star game you have come within 20 homers of Babe you will be shot on sight by one of my assassins on July 24, 1973. out! Dear Hank Aaron, hand Retire or die! The Atlanta Braves will be moving around the sounded country and I'll move with them. You'll be in Montreal June gun theats my2eye 5-7. Will you die there? You'll be in Shea Stadium July 6-8, ed I was and in Philly July 9th to 11th. Then again you'll be in Montreal and St. Louis in August. You will die in one of those games. I'll e Brave shoot you in one of them. Will I sneak a rifle into the upper deck withith or a .45 in the bleachers? I don't know yet. But you know you use noth will die unless you retire! had beer Dear Hank Aaron, out alled and I got orders to do a bad job on you if and when you get 10 from B. Ruth record. A guy in Atlanta and a few in Miami Fla don't d the cit seem to care if they have to take care of your family too. Wardla as tucke Hey nigger boy, Mathew We at the KKK Staten island Division want you to know that no inocular number of guards can keep you dirty son of a bitch nigger reach for mother fucker alive. e, he acci asn't sup Dear Nigger, picture Beware of the white man's wrath [with picture of Klansman's other.' hood]. we were e lookout Mr. Aaron, e spoke ! over hi We the Ku Klux Klan Knights of America are now going to make I'm this something you better pay attention to. If you do not retire is day, from the baseball seen (QUIT) your family will inherit a great bit of trouble. We can't make this sound any clearer (DEATH). We will be in touch later with something more CONVINCING. Henry Aaron / 61 I don't recall ever feeling that our lives were in imminent danger, but we took nothing for granted. When we were leaving the ballpark after a game, Joe Andrews would carry a bat with him and tell us to stick close. Ben Geraghty fathered us and kept us calm, but Joe was our protector. We couldn't talk back to the fans calling us names, but Joe could, and he damn sure did. I believe I was arrested three times that year for arguing with people on Henry's behalf. We'd walk on the field and they would start up the chants: "Nigger! Nigger!" Places like Macon, they'd come into the ballpark with coolers of beer and they'd be half drunk by batting practice. I'd say, "These sick rebel suck- ers," and every now and then I'd just wander over to the screen to see what I could do for 'em. It was amazing the way Henry and Horace and Felix could take it. I'd be standing next to Henry in the infield and some yahoo would call him a nigger or something and I'd turn to Henry and say, "Did you hear that?" He'd look back at me and say, "What do you think, I'm deaf?" It wasn't just the fans, either. We had a few Southern boys on our ball club, and they'd say things. Henry came up with a couple of men on base once when we were down by a run, and he popped up to end the game. Afterwards, somebody on our team said, "Well, when pull comes to tug, a nigger's gonna croak every time." I just started screaming. We didn't need to be wor- rying about our guys, because we had enough problems with the rednecks on the other side. And believe me, there were some mean pitchers in that league. In Macon they had an old ballpark so big you could land a 727, and there was a tin fence that circled the park, but it was too deep for a home run fence, so they had a snow fence inside it. The first time up, Henry hits one over that snow fence for a home run. The next time around, I doubled and then Henry came up. Their pitcher was some old-timer from the Pacific Coast League or somewhere like that, and when Henry was up there the second time, the pitcher said, "I got four for your head, nigger." He threw the first one behind him. Henry just moved his head a little. Then the pitcher said, "I got three more here." I was standing on second base, so I just yelled out, "Hey, why don't you throw one at me?" I would have loved to take that guy on. But Henry didn't need me. The next pitch was right at his 238 / I HAD A HAMMER Dear Nigger Henry, It has come to my attention that you are going to break Babe Ruth's record. I don't think that you are going to break this record established by the great Babe Ruth if I can help it. Getting back to your blackness, I don't think that any coon should ever play baseball. Whites are far more superior than jungle bunnies. I will be going to the rest of your games and if you hit one more home run it will be your last. My gun is watching your every black move. This is no joke. Dear Nigger, You black animal, I hope you never live long enough to hit more home runs than the great Babe Ruth. Niggers are like animals and have a short life span. Martin Luther King was a trouble- maker, and he had a short life span. Dear Hank Aaron, I hope you get it between the eyes. Dear Hank Aaron, I hate you!!!! Your such a little creap! I hate you and your family. I'D LIKE TO KILL YOU!! BANG BANG YOUR DEAD. P.S. It mite happen. I was the only one of the Braves' officers who actually lived in Atlanta, so I was technically in charge of Henry's situation that year. I met with him early on and said, "Look, a lot of this stuff is going to be coming." He asked me if we would just handle it for him. He didn't even want to know about the threats unless we thought there was one serious enough to get the FBI in- volved. You could tell that most of the letters were cranks. There was a guy from Fond du Lac, Wisconsin, who wrote him all the time with filthy racial remarks, and another one from Victor- ville, California. There was a lot of KKK stuff, much of it from the North. The FBI told us that if anybody was going to do something to Henry, they probably wouldn't write him first, but we had to take it seriously when there was a specific threat. Henry Aaron / 239 When we would get a letter like that, we would stick it in a abe plastic bag and turn it over to the FBI. There were a lot of crazies out there. his When I look back on that whole episode of Henry going after ing the Ruth record, that's the most amazing part of it to me. People ver had no idea what he was going through. Nowadays, a player ies. will get one threat and he won't even go out on the field. Henry ore had them practically every day, and for a long time he didn't ery say a word about it.-Dick Cecil, former Braves vice president I asked Carla to save the hate letters that she didn't have to turn over to the authorities. I didn't read most of them, but I ore wanted to have them as reminders. I kept feeling more and more hals strongly that I had to break the record not only for myself and for ble- Jackie Robinson and for black people, but also to strike back at the vicious little people who wanted to keep me from doing it. All that hatred left a deep scar on me. I was just a man doing something that God had given me the power to do, and I was living like an outcast in my own country. I had nowhere to go except home and to the ballpark, home and to the ballpark. I was a prisoner in my own apartment. Outside my apartment, I could see a hotel sign that blinked on and off, and it got to where I nily. could tell you how many times that sign blinked in a minute. That whole period, I lived like a guy in a fishbowl, swimming from side to side with nowhere to go, watching everybody watch- ing me. I resented it, and I still resent it. It should have been the d in most enjoyable time in my life, and instead it was hell. I'm proud that of the home run record, but I don't talk about it because it brings stuff lle it back too many unpleasant memories. aless You find out who your real friends are during times like that. I in- Ralph and Dusty always lifted my spirits, and Billye really came here through for me, talking me through a lot of tough times, helping I the me keep things in perspective and showing me that there was ctor still some love in the world. And I don't think a manager ever from meant more to a player than Eddie Mathews meant to me during 0 do those times. He knew me and understood me as well as anybody but in baseball, and he did all he could to take the pressure off me. reat. Also, one of Eddie's coaches was my old teammate, Lew Bur- 244 / I HAD A HAMMER black players? Who would have been the greatest home run hit- ters if I had not been in the league, or Mays or Banks or Frank Robinson or Willie McCovey or Orlando Cepeda or Willie Star- gell or Billy Williams or Richie Allen? I'll tell you. The white player who hit the most home runs in the National League in the 1960s was Ron Santo, who was almost fifty ahead of the next white player, Eddie Mathews. With no black players in the game, Ron Santo-who is not in the Hall of Fame-would have stood well above all the other home run hitters in the league during his time. By the same token, if I had played with only whites, as Ruth did, I would have outhomered every other player in the National League in the sixties by more than 120 (although Har- mon Killebrew hit more than I did in the 1960s while playing in the nearly all white American League). In addition, it would have been significantly easier to hit in the National League if there hadn't been black pitchers like Bob Gibson, Juan Marichal, Fer- guson Jenkins, and Bob Veale. By all of this, I certainly don't mean to imply that Babe Ruth was no better than Ron Santo, or that I was better than Ruth, or that Ruth was anything less than his legend. Like I said, I'm willing to call him the greatest home run hitter. I just want to show that comparisons go around in circles. They're like weeds-as soon as you deal with one, an- other one pops us. And I got damn tired of them. There was no escaping them, though. One of the popular bumper stickers around Atlanta said, Aaron Is Ruth-less. On the radio sports shows, it seemed like every other caller was under a deep moral obligation to give his reasons why I couldn't carry Ruth's bat. And the newspaper writers were as bad as the fans when it came to making comparisons. It seemed that whatever town we were in, some writer was taking me to task for not being Babe Ruth. Without meaning to, they only aggravated an issue that did nobody any good. In general, arguments and compari- sons are good for baseball. They show the diversity and depth of opinion that makes the game great. But this was a different case, because it wasn't harmless, as baseball arguments generally are. It wasn't just an argument over two players. It wasn't DiMaggio versus Williams or me versus Mays or even Mays versus Mantle. Henry Aaron / 247 Phillies. It was a 400-footer that gave us the lead in the game, but we lost, which took the thrill out of the whole thing. After the game, I had my picture taken with a high school kid who won 700 silver dollars for catching the ball. I got the ball back, and this time I did not send it to the Hall of Fame because it had never acknowledged receiving the balls from my five hundredth and six hundredth home runs. The Hall of Fame thing might seem trivial, but there was a larger pattern developing. Bowie Kuhn, the commissioner, had not been in Cincinnati when I got my three thousandth hit in 1972, and he didn't even send a telegram when I hit my seven hundredth home run. I spoke out about it, because I believed he would have shown more interest in the record if a white player had been involved and I also believed it was my duty to call attention to discrimination in baseball. The commissioner's re- sponse was that he had been waiting to congratulate me person- ally at the All-Star Game, which was a few days away. He also said he would be in the stands ready to jump out on the field when I hit my 714th and 715th home runs. I still wasn't satisfied, and Kuhn made a trip to St. Louis to talk to me about the situa- tion. He said that it was his policy not to send telegrams for personal feats because there were so many of them that he might overlook somebody. I didn't think he had to worry about missing somebody who hit 700 home runs, though, since the only other person to do it had been dead for twenty-five years. Our little tiff got a lot of attention in the papers, which naturally prompted another round of letters. Dear Nigar Aaron, It's too bad that the commissioner of baseball didn't send you a telegram or come over and kiss you for hitting the 700 home run big deal why you dirty nigar you should thank God that the white man let you play period. The white people don't owe you filthy nigars nothing. Dear Mr. Aaron, How could a person be a star and great for so many years then become just another nigger? 248 / I HAD A HAMMER Dear Hank, and whi When I was a doctor in Montgomery I used to attend Braves hits games in Atlanta and was a fan of yours. But after hearing you lately, I think you should give thanks to your God for the gifts he gave you and be thankful for every home run and be less you critical of the things that you think should come your way and top do not. Examine yourself and ask yourself the question if you off just might be partly to blame for the situation you are in. Unless hot you have a change of heart I would not drive across the street to ear see you play or even to see you hit that 714th home run. the the be Hank Aaron, ize With all that fortune, frc and all that fame, You're a stinkin nigger an Just the same. W re Dear Hank, cr On the day you hit your 700th home run, my sister in Dayton, te Ohio, had a baby boy. Because of our great respect for you as a It ballplayer and as a person we have chosen the name Aaron, in tr your honor. a I was affected in a lot of ways by reaching 700. There was C something about getting there that made me feel I was almost at my destination, like I had been traveling the back roads for twenty years and suddenly I was on Ruth's street, turning onto his driveway. One of my teammates said he actually saw me smiling a little when I came around third base on number 700, which was something I probably hadn't done since the pennant- winning home run in 1957. I was excited about it, and I guess I had expected other people to be excited with me, which was why it was so disappointing not to receive a telegram from the commissioner. The whole situation took something out of me. I think I let up for a little while after that, and suddenly I stop- ped hitting home runs. It was ten days before I hit my 701st 310 / I HAD A HAMMER that it was important to get a black man into the position, I'd have to consider it. Because I've been in the front office for such a long time, and because I haven't been timid about expressing my views in recent years, it has worked out to my satisfaction that whenever a racial issue comes up in baseball, the press turns to me as an unofficial spokesman. To his credit, Ted Turner has never tried to censor me. I appreciate that, because I feel very strongly about the need for baseball to employ more blacks in the front offices and also the need to speak up about it. There is no acceptable excuse for the fact that there have only been a handful of black managers and no general managers since Bill Lucas. As I write this, the integration of baseball's coaching staffs and front offices is prob- ably further behind than was the state of player rosters when I broke into the game almost forty years ago. Progress seems to be a dirty word in baseball circles. It makes no sense whatsoever that black players are still systematically excluded from key ex- ecutive positions four decades after they began dominating on the playing field. How long is this going to take? I've heard all kinds of lame reasons why retired black players have a harder time finding work in baseball than retired white players. The reason you hear most often is that black players are often stars who are unwilling to take pay cuts to start out at the lower levels of an organization. First of all, that only emphasizes the point that black players are generally required to be better than white players to stay in the big leagues, the effect being that fewer of the fringe players are black. I don't believe that one discrimination is an excuse for another. Second, it's simply not true that black players are unwilling to start low and work cheap. I have too many friends with different stories. I've sent letters and resumes to everybody I know in baseball. Some answer, some don't. One of my friends sent back a little two-line letter saying there was nothing available right now but he would keep my name on file. Two or three weeks later, he goes out and hires somebody. The Dodgers gave me a shot at managing a low minor-league Henry Aaron / 311 club in Arizona. They gave me the shittiest club they had, but I believe you can make chicken salad out of chicken shit if you play baseball the right way. We kicked ass and took names, won the league with that team. I proved to myself that it could be done, but it didn't seem to mean a tinker's damn to the powers that be. I was also a minor-league hitting coach for a while until my director, Bill Schweppe, invited me to lunch to fire me. When he said they were not going to renew my contract, I just laid my credit cards on the table and said no thanks to lunch. Afterwards, Peter O'Malley, the club president, called me in and asked me why I reacted that way. They might have had another spot for me in the organization at some point, but I said that I wasn't going to sit around for ten or twelve years and keep watching less qualified people jump right over me. I said, "Peter, they're not going to kill me the way they did Jim Gil- liam." Gilliam was one of the headiest baseball men there ever was, and they put him on first base and left him there for ten years while they brought in guys like Danny Ozark and Preston Gomez to coach third base and then Tommy Lasorda to be man- ager. Gilliam was still a first-base coach when he died. I told Peter I was getting to the point where I was about to kick some- body's ass, and if I did that, I would be out of baseball for good. So Peter said, "John, if you feel that way, maybe it's best that you do leave." But I still can't get it out of my system. My wife tells me to give it up, but I can't. My fantasy is to manage a major-league ball club before I die.former Dodger John Roseboro I played professional baseball for twenty years, and when I was done, I wrote to every club in the major leagues for ten straight years seeking some kind of employment. I was willing to do anything, because baseball is my life. I'd have gone to work for $15,000, maybe less, just to be in baseball. Even today, I'd take a job in baseball for a lot less money than I'm making out of baseball, working for Amtrak. I understand that not everybody is going to be a manager, but do you mean to tell me that I played twenty years and I can't stand next to third base waving my arm around for somebody to score? You mean to tell me there aren't more than two black guys who can swing their arms around and tell runners when to run? It's just like quarterbacks THE HANK AARON STORY Braves pitcher, on the mound for Jacksonville, the gaine settled down into a pitchers' battle. For six innings Crone held his 1-0 lead, then a single by Lew Davis and a homer by Jim Bolger in the seventh gave 5 Columbia a one-run margin. Jacksonville came back with a run in the eighth to tie the score, but two more runs by Columbia in the top half of the ninth made the score 4-2. FEB-04-1999 17:57 Gamer opened the Tars' ninth by striking out, and Henry Aaron stood at the plate under the hot Florida the fans groaned. Rising leisurely and calmly from the sun, opening day of the 1953 season, and tried not to on-deck circle, Henry walked up to the plate. Hitless listen to the chorus of jeers from the stands. If this is in two attempts after his opening-inning double, he what I get from the home team fans, he thought fleet- had heard the jeers renewed with added vigor. His ingly, what can I expect around the rest of the league? face was impassive as he dug into the batter's box, bat Then he shut out everything but the immediate prob- held slightly away from his body. In spring training lem-the first pitch due from Corky Valentine, pitcher manager Ben Geraghty had started to tamper with for the Columbia, South Carolina, team, later pitcher that stance, thinking that Henry held the bat too far for the Cincinnati Reds. out in front, but when he saw how the youngster's Columbia, the 1952 Sally League champions, was powerful wrists whipped the bat around, he wisely favored to repeat, and Valentine figured to be its lead- backed off. "I'd have to be crazy to tamper with that ing hurler. The young pitcher, as it turned out, was top swing," he told one of his coaches. man in the league, but at the moment he looked noth- Now Henry stood in the batter's box on opening day, BASEBALL LIBRARY&ARCHIVE ing like it as Henry ripped into his fast ball and banged and through the jeers of the crowd he heard his team- it off the left field wall for a double, scoring teammate mates on the bench exhort him to get a rally going. Horace Garner from first. Henry noted, with some "Get ahold of one, Hank boy!" he heard one call. satisfaction, that a few half-hearted cheers could be He liked that, being called "Hank." Somehow it heard among the jeers that still echoed in the grand- made him feel accepted-accepted as just another ball- stand. player on the club, which was precisely the way he Valentine retired the Tars without further scoring wanted it. Let the fans boo at him, he thought grimly. in the opening inning, and, with Ray Crone, later a All I care about is what goes on here on the ball field. 42 43 607 547 4094 P.09 THE HANK AARON STORY THE HANK AARON STORY The Columbia right-hander on the mound coiled hiss of the showers. It augured well to beat the cham- into a windup, came around and spun a fast curve that pions from Columbia and their best pitcher on opening was too wide, for ball one. Henry let the next pitch go day. Dressing in front of his locker, Hank was gratified by for a strike. The next serve was a fast ball over the to find that though there was general diffidence toward inside corner; he swung and pulled it just fair inside bim from his teammates-and he understood and ac- third base, the ball rolled into the corner and he pulled cepted it-a few did stop by and pat him on the back FEB-04-1999 17:58 into second base standing up for a double. for his important role in the victory. "Attaway, Hankl" came a cry from the Jacksonville He was not entirely satisfied with his situation on bench. the Tars, however. Opening day had found him at a He felt good. He felt proud. Hank-he couldn't recall strange position, second base, with Felix Mantilla, anyone calling him by that name in Mobile, not regu- later to be a teammate on the Braves, the regular Tar larly anyway, but he resolved that be was going to be shortstop. known as Hank from then on. Manager Geraghty had explained it to him. "Felix He took his lead off second as third baseman Bill won't hit within fifty points of you," he predicted accu- Porter came up to bat. Valentine stretched, looked rately, "but he plays a better shortstop. And what I back at second as Hank widened his lead, pitched to need is a second baseman. Let's face it, Hank, you the plate, and Porter looped a single to right field. didn't win a spot on this club because of your glove. Holding up several moments to make sure the looping I think in a month I can have you playing second as fly ball could not be caught, Hank had to put on extra well as you ever played shortstop." speed to score. He came home in a dust-raising slide, Hank wasn't so sure, but he threw himself into the beating the outfielder's throw by an eyelash. BASEBALL LIBRARY&ARCHIVE new position with energy. Geraghty gave him every That made the score 4-3, with Porter racing to sec- opportunity to take extra fielding practice, and he used ond on the play at the plate. Fired up now, the Tars it to good purpose. He had to learn, all over again, the jumped on Valentine for successive singles, tying the pivot at second base for the double play, how to play score; then a double off relief pitcher John Bebber the area for left- and right-hand batters, taking the drove home the winning run for a 5-4 Jacksonville throw from the catcher on attempted steals, and a host victory. of other details, the skills that added up to the differ- In the clubhouse later the Tars' morale was high: ence between an adequate second baseman and an out- there was loud laughter and the sounds of spirited standing one. horseplay above the clanging of locker doors and the When the month Geraghty figured on had passed, 44 45 607 547 4094 P. 10 THE HANK AARON STORY THE HANK AARON STORY Hank was an adequate second baseman, and it ap- had to be awakened at his destination by a teammate. peared quite likely that he would never be more than It became a joke with the Tars. just that. Still, the infield of Joe Andrews at first base, "Ol" Hank can fall asleep standing up," the players Hank at second, Mantilla at shortstop, and Bill Porter kidded. and Harry Warner sharing third came to be considered "Most relaxed man I ever saw," another teammate just about the finest in the Sally League. laughed. "He even looks like he's asleep at the plate. FEB-04-1999 17:58 Adding weight to that status was Hank's hitting, Till the ball comes. Then whaml" which more than compensated for his merely adequate Hank let the humor stand. He was pleased with it in fielding. By the end of May in that 1953 season neither fact. It could have been worse. He was determined, as Geraghty, the fans, nor Hank's teammates cared too a pioneer Negro in the league-a deep South league at much about his fielding. He was tearing apart the that-to avoid trouble, and if the innocent image he league's pitchers with his bat, leading all hitters in seemed to portray was that of a happy-go-lucky guy, every department, breaking up ball games with dra- it was fine with him. He'd keep it that way. matic hits just the way he had done it with the Mobile He could in fact embellish it, for he had a dry, dead- Bears. And in the same way the fans all over the league pan humor, and, using it sparingly, he rounded out the were filling the ball parks to see this nineteen-year-old image he thought everyone around him liked the best. phenomenon hit. It worked fine in Jacksonville. Later, however, Hank Through it all Hank searched for a way to adjust as would have cause to regret it. a human being. On the field his status as a ballplayer As the season rolled into July the Sally League race narrowed down to three clubs: Jacksonville, Columbia was secure: the jeers by now were far from non-ex- BASEBALL LIBRARY&ARCHIVE and Columbus, Georgia. The rest of the league was far istent, but they were fewer and growing even scarcer back, comprising Savannah, Macon and Augusta, all in with each day. Off the field was another matter; he Georgia, Charleston, South Carolina, and Montgom- could not eat and sleep with his teammates, and the ery, Alabama. light banter of the locker room drifted around him and In mid-July Columbus came to Jacksonville for a through him. He had expected nothing more and per- three-game series, trailing the league-leading Tars by haps less. He became, in self-protection, laconic in five games and the second place Columbians by four. speech; garrulous he never had been, now he retired They knew they had to win at least two of the three into greater silence. He became a great sleeper. On the games to remain seriously in contention. Practically by long bus rides he invariably fell promptly to sleep and himself, Hank demolished their chances for the season. 46 47 607 547 4094 P.11 THE HANK AARON STORY THE HANK AARON STORY Ron Kump was his first victim. The Columbus called strike. Keating continued the curves, missing pitcher was riding along in the series opener with a twice, making Hank foul one off. Two balls and two 3-1 lead. Then, weakening in the eighth inning, he strikes. Again Keating went to the outside with a curve walked a man, the next man singled and Hank belted -the pitch looked too far out and would have been a a game-winning homer. ball, but Hank swung, and with his powerful wrists In the second game Hank began the scoring in the pulled the outside pitch to left field, sent it rising up FEB-04-1999 17:58 first inning when he tripled, then scored on a single. into the left field stands for a home run. Allowing him- He wasted a single in the third inning, but a bases- self a smile at the cheers from the stands, he trotted loaded double in the sixth turned the score around around the bases and crossed the plate with the win- from 42 Columbus to 5-4 Jacksonville. The deter- ning run. mined visitors knocked out Tar pitcher Everett Lively Chief Bender, former major league pitching great in the seventh, however, regaining the lead, 7-5. and now manager of the Columbus team, knew that his The bottom of the ninth came up that way, with back was to the wall. He had to win the series finale to Tom Keating on the mound for Columbus. He got the remain in contention. He started Doug Clark, his top first man, but Mantilla singled, outfielder Jim Frey pitcher, and readied a battery of relief pitchers in the walked and up to the plate came Hank. bull pen, planning to use them all if necessary. Hank Joe Ossola, the Columbus catcher, trotted out to the did make it necessary, continuing his hitting rampage. pitcher's mound and there was a hurried conference. Again he began the Tars' offensive, lining a double "Whattaya think?" he said to Keating. "Better keep em to left field in the first inning. Porter drove him home low and away on this guy. He gets ahold of one it's all with a single and Jacksonville was on the way. In the BASEBALL LIBRARY&ARCHIVE over." third inning, with the score tied 1-1, Hank drove Keating nodded. "There's no book on him. I ain't home two runs with a second straight double, knocking found a pitch yet he can't hit. I asked around, too. No- out Clark. Keating came in for Columbus, stopped the body has anything." rally but was knocked out himself two innings later on "Well, let's try all curves anyway, over the outside." a walk, two singles and Hank's third home run in three Keating nodded and turned away, rubbing up the days. The score was now 7-3 Jacksonville, with their ball, as Ossola ran back behind the plate. pitcher Crone breezing along. With runners at first and second Keating went into Roland Hubbard was Hank's final victim. The relief a stretch and delivered the first pitch. The curve broke pitcher, who had come in to replace Keating, did well good over the outside corner and Hank took it for a enough until the eighth iming, but with two out he 48 49 607 547 4094 P.12 THE HANK AARON STORY THE HANK AARON STORY walked Frey, giving Hank a last chance at bat. Hub- by Columbia, on the other hand, would give them a bard's technique was to pitch him in tight, brushing three-game lead and practically assure them the league him away from the plate. The second pitch made Hank pennant. duck and fall to the ground. He rose slowly, dusting On the bus trip from Charleston the keyed-up Jack- dirt from his hands. Then be hit the next pitch on a line sonville players chattered nervously, were perhaps to left center field for a double, making the score 8-3. overly boisterous. Hank, as usual, slept. "How can he FEB-04-1999 17:59 Out came Hubbard, but the game was beyond reach. sleep with those two double-headers coming up?" one The final score was 10-3, and, by beating Columbus of the Tars exclaimed. "Don't he know we blow the three straight, the Tars had sent them eight games be- season if we lose them double-beaders?" hind, a blow from which they never recovered. They Manager Geraghty overheard. "I wouldn't be sur- finished in third place, twenty-six games behind. Now there were only Jacksonville and Columbia in prised if he didn't even know we were in second place," the race, The two teams battled heroically through he said. "Though I got a hunch he knows exactly August and into September, alternating leads, never where we stand. But what's he got to worry about? more than three games separating them. Hitting con- Hanks knows he's gonna get his share of hits in those sistently at about the .350 mark, Hank led the Tars' double-headers, and probably more than his share. attack, and though he also led the league's second That's more than you can be sure of, so stop squawkin'." basemen in errors, manager Geraghty remarked that he As the bus pulled up at the Columbia ball park certainly batted in many more runs than he might have Geraghty mentally crossed his fingers on his assess- allowed to score through his misplays. ment of Hank's value in the next two days. The young- BASEBALL LIBRARY&ARCHIVE In mid-September the Tars came out of a three- ster had come through consistently, even amazingly, game sweep in Charleston one game behind Columbia all season long. Without him, Geraghty knew, the Tars and with a four-game set due next against the league- would have been a flop. He knew too that the pressure leaders-two double-headers in two days due to rained- on the youngster was tremendous, on and off the field, out games earlier in the season. The series loomed a and that a let-down, particularly at the tail end of the climactic one, with the pressure on the Tars; a split of season, was only to be expected. Geraghty hoped fer- the four games, with the season's end barely a week vently that Hank would keep going strong through the away, would benefit only the Columbians' one-game two double-headers. If he slumped now, the Tars were lead. The Tars, therefore, knew they had to win at finished. least three games to regain the lead. A three-gaine win He shook Hank awake as the other players began 50 51 607 547 4094 P.13 THE HANK AARON STORY THE HANK AARON STORY filing out of the bus. "We're here, kid, this is it," he dous lift. Chattering away in the locker room after the second game, the excited players could hardly wait for said. Hanks eyes flickered open. He yawned, stretched, the next day's double-header, confident they could not looked out the window. "Who they starting in the first be stopped. game, you know, Skipper?" he said. The luckless Columbians felt the full weight of the "Polivka." Tars' attack the next day. Again led by Hank, who "Good," Hank said. "The lefty. I hit him good last managed five hits in the two games despite being FEB-04-1999 17:59 time." walked intentionally three times, Jacksonville battered "Let's hope you hit him good this time," Geraghty Columbia 12-5 and 9-1. It was all over but the final said, half to himself, as they left the bus and walked statistics as far as the pennant was concerned. Jackson- into the ball park. ville now had a three-game lead and had destroyed the morale of its only competitor. The final standings had Ken Polivka was a seventeen-game winner and one Jacksonville on top by two and one-half games. of the toughest left-handers in the league, but Hank hit There is no World Series in the minor leagues, but him that day as though he were the Tars' batting prac- within each league there is a four-team playoff for a tice pitcher. The entire Jacksonville offense got only championship. Jacksonville first would play fourth- eight hits off the Columbia pitcher, but Hank got four place Savannah, Columbia would play third-place Co- of them: two doubles, a single, and a game-winning lumbus in best three-out-of-five series. Then the win- homer in the eighth inning, the Tars winning 4-3. ners would meet in a championship playoff, best four In the second half of the double-header Ray Crone games out of seven. As expected, Jacksonville and Co- of the Tars faced Maurice Fisher of Columbia. Fisher, lumbia won their first playoffs and met for the cham- LIBRARY&ARCHIVE another top hurler with sixteen victories, nevertheless pionship. suffered a similar pounding from Hank's seemingly un- This time the winner's role was reversed. Hank was stoppable bat. Another close ball game was won by his usual rampaging self at bat, but it was not enough. the Tars as the young second baseman went three-for- In a fiercely played series that went the limit of seven four, driving in four runs in the 6-4 victory. games, Columbia won the championship, four games to The double win gave Jacksonville the league lead by three. one game, but even more, the incredible hitting of Just about all the hitting championships possible Hank Aaron gave an already fired-up team a tremen- were the personal property of Hank, however. He led 53 607 52 547 4094 THE HANK AARON STORY THE HANK AARON STORY the league in batting average with .362, in runs batted as Luis Arroyo, Charley Neal, Brooks Lawrence, Felix in with 125, and led also in runs scored, total hits and Mantilla and Vic Power. doubles. In home runs and triples he was second. It The Caribbean baseball season ended late in Febru- came as a surprise to nobody when Hank was voted the ary, practically in time to begin major league spring Most Valuable Player in the South Atlantic League. He training. Primed and ready to go, his bat still hot from had broken the color line in the league with a resound- winter baseball, Hank waited eagerly for some word 00:81 666I-00-87 from the Braves. ing bang. By season's end what few jeers were heard were more than outweighed by the chorus of cheers that greeted his arrival at the plate. It was a happy fall for Hank. After the playoffs, his mother and father came down to Jacksonville to see their young son married. Still several months shy of twenty, Hank that October married Barbara Lucas, a Jacksonville girl he met at a dance during the summer. After a simple ceremony and a short honeymoon the newlyweds returned to Mobile, where Hank's wife would remain while he went to play winter baseball with Caguas-Guayama in the Puerto Rican League. There, under manager Mickey Owen, former Brooklyn Dodger catcher, Hank rubbed elbows for the first time with major leaguers, many of whom played ball in the Caribbean to keep in shape and earn extra money. Hank not only held up well in competition with them, but wound up third in the league in batting with a .322 average. Among his teammates on Caguas-Guayama, which won the Puerto Rican League title, were major leaguers Jun Rivera of the White Sox and Ruben Go- mez of the Giants, and such future major league talent 54 55 the ,t>c L09 1991 Harper Cullins 54 / I HAD A JIAMMER by Han K Aaran Lonnie wheeler Henry Aaron / 55 do now, and the Braves sent all their players from the Class A As it turned out, it was a good thing I left Kissimmee when I 607 547 4094 P.16 level or below to Waycross. We slept in barracks, blacks and did, because it gave me time to learn a new position in Waycross. whites in the same long room. The camp was far enough from Felix Mantilla, a Puerto Rican who had played at Evansville the town that none of the local people paid much attention to us, but year before, was easily the best shortstop in the organization. so living together like that was a pretty bold thing for that day and right off they moved me across the bag to second base. That way, age. The Reds had a similar place nearby in Douglas, Georgia, Felix and I could play on the same team, which is exactly what and they kept the black players' quarters separate from the happened—except that we didn't know it would be that way whites'. until they announced it. In those days, with so many minor- The camp had almost everything we needed, which wasn't league teams, they made assignments the way they gave out tour- much. Food and Ping-Pong were about it. On weekends, a bus of-duty orders in the army. You had hundreds of guys in camp- would take us into town so we could do laundry or get a haircut guys with numbers on their backs like 195F-and nobody knew or shoot pool. The first weekend I was there, I went in for a where they were headed. Finally, they'd put up a list with every- haircut, but somehow I managed to miss the bus back to camp. It body's assignment and call it out. It would be like: Henry Aaron, was a long walk, and it was getting dark by the time I got lo the Bus 5. you're going to Jacksonville. Felix Mantilla. Bus 5. Horace camp. You had to climb a fence to get onto the grounds and there Garner, Bus 5. They told us to pack our things and be on the bus was a long road to the barracks, but it was much shorter to go the next morning, because we had to get to Jacksonville to play BASEBALL LIBRARY&ARCHIVE through the woods. I found my way through, and when I came the Red Sox. They also mentioned that Horace, Felix, and I out, the guard spotted me. All he saw was a black kid sneaking would be breaking the color line in the Sally League. up on the barracks, so, without further ado, he opened fire. Bul- The game against the Red Sox was called a "historic event" lets were flying past my ears. 1 could see my career ending right in the Jacksonville newspaper, the Florida Times-Union. Since there in the red clay of Waycross, Georgia-to say nothing of my Jackie Robinson had been locked out six years before, black play- life. Somehow, I managed to crawl into the barracks without ers had participated in games there on four occasions, but never being hit. The next day, John Mullen gave me a Bulova watch on Jacksonville's side. As we expected. there were some boos, and told me not to miss the bus anymore. and we heard "nigger" and "burrhead" and "eight-ball" and Other than being eaten alive and shot at; Waycross was great. other friendly greetings, but the biggest problem that day was the We had four fields, with batting practice and intrasquad games Red Sox. They beat us, 14-1. I could take some satisfaction in the going on all the time. I got to bat almost as much as I wanted, and fact that our one was a home run I hit in the eighth inning-to nobody seemed to care if I hit the ball 400 feet to right field. right field, naturally-against Ike Delock. FEB-04-1999 18:00 Two days later. we played Tonuny Holmes's Toledo team, There weren't any fences on most of the fields in Waycross, but and it pleased me to hit a 400-foot home run to center field. The they had dirt piles out there that served as fences. They were way out there, deep. I was getting ready to bit one day. and I fact was, we probably had more talent than Toledo, even though noticed this little black kid hitting the ball over those dirt piles. we were two classifications lower. With Horace in right field. The first time, I didn't pay 100 much attention. because he Felix at shortstop, Joe Andrews at first base, Rance Pless at third wasn't a very big kid. But then he hit one over the center-field base, Jim Frey in center, and Ray Crone and Larry Lassalle pitch- dirl pile, and 1 thought, hey, nobody else here has been doing ing, WD had the best roster that Jacksonville had ever seen. Jack- that: who is this guy? Somebody told me il was II kid who played sonville hadn't been blessed with many good teams. and neither shortstop for Eau Cluire the year before.-Jim Frey had our manager, Ben Coraglity. Ben was a baseball man through 56 / I HAD A HAMMER Henry Aaron / 57 607 547 4094 P.17 and through, and it meant a lot to him to get to manage a team I don't know whether it was coincidence or not, but our first like ours. He knew it was his big chance. game was in Savannah, against the team that had the other two Before we started playing games, Ben sat down with Horace black players in the Sally League. It seemed to Felix and Horace and Felix and me and said that he would love to have us on his and me that the whole South had its sights trained on us. and as team, but we ought to be aware of what we would be up against we were getting on the bus to leave for Savannah, the mayor of if we stayed there. It was nothing we didn't already know, but it Jacksonville came by to tell us that whatever we heard on that was reassuring to hear that the manager was on our side. Ben field, or whatever the fans tried to do to us, we had to suffer it wasn't much to look at-he was a small guy, with a long chin quietly. It sounded a lot like the speech Branch Rickey gave and hound-dog eyes-and he didn't speak the King's English. He Jackie Robinson the first time they met. was also nervous, he drank too much beer, and he didn't change There were more than 5,500 people at the ballpark in Savan- his clothes as often as he should have. But in all the years I nah-the biggest Opening Day crowd they'd ever had and the played baseball, I never had a manager who cared more for his biggest in the Sally League that year. It would be that way all players or knew more about the game. summer. Wherever we went, the fans poured out to the park. We There were a few open days before the season started, and we set all kinds of attendance records that year, and opened up the used the time to get acclimated to Jacksonville. Meanwhile, Jack- Sally League to a whole new group of customers. There were so BASEBALL LIBRARY&ARCHIVE sonville used the time to get acclimated to us. We went to stores many black fans that they had to add room to the colored section and just milled around for a little while, maybe stood in the in a lot of the ballparks. Columbia had a rickety old park, and doorway for a few minutes so that people could see us and get one night the colored section got so full, and the people got to used to us. We also found a place to live, a house near the ball- rocking it so hard, that it collapsed. It was like a party every night park owned by a black man named Manuel Rivera, who ran a in the colored section. All we had to do was catch a fly ball, and tavern called Manuel's that was the local hangout. everybody on the black side of the ballpark would whoop and A day or two after we moved in, I was lingering around the holler like we'd won the World Series. Then the people in the ballpark when I noticed a girl about my age going into the post white section would start yelling at the people in the colored office. Our clubhouse man, T. C. Marlin, knew everybody in that section, and it would go back and forth-sometimes in a friendly part of town-a black section known as Durkeeville-so I way, but more often not. There was probably nowhere else in the fetched him real fast and asked him who the girl was. He told me South where SO many white and black people could be found in her name was Barbara Lucas, and she had just returned home the same place. Horace and Felix and I knew that we had to shut from Florida A&M to attend classes at a local business college. I out everything else and play ball, but when we looked up at all FEB-04-1999 18:01 had him introduce me as one of the next great stars of baseball. I those black and white faces screaming at us, we couldn't help don't think she was impressed, but I asked her for a date anyway. but feel the weight of what we were doing. She said I'd have to come home and meet her parents before she could think about going out with me. She lived in the projects across from the park, and whenever we were in town the rest of Every park I went in, I was on pins and needles. I just felt it was the summer you could usually find me on Barbara's front porch my duty as league president to see what happened to those guys. eating her mother's coconut cake. And if I was there, more than Even though Savannah had black players, too, I traveled with Jacksonville because most of the focus was on Aaron. Aaron likely Felix was sitting right across from me, having a piece of probably didn't know it. but all year long I followed Jacksonville Mrs. Lucas's lemon pie. and sat in the stands to sort of keep 0 lookout. You were never Henry Auron / 59 58 / 1 HAD ^ HAMMER sure what was going to happen. Those people had awfully Felix never heard that sort of thing growing up in Puerto Rico. It 607 547 4094 P.18 strong feelings about what was going on. I knew, because they wasn't as easy for him to turn the other cheek. What made it would call me all hours of the night to tell me. Before I took over worse was that il seemed like he got beaned almost every night. as president of the league, I'd worked in Happy Chandler's com- When it happened, Felix would shout back at the pitcher, mostly missioner's office in Cincinnati, and to the folks in the South in Spanish, and Horace and I would tell him to shut up. The that made me a Yankee. And since Chandler was the one who papers wrote that he was a crazy Puerto Rican, carrying on like opened the door for Rickey and Jackie Robinson, I guess I was a that. Finally, when he was hit one night in Macon, Felix put damn Yankee. They'd call and tell me to get back up north and down his bat and went after the pitcher. Horace was in the on- take my niggers with me. I was living in Columbia, and after deck circle, and he sprinted out there and grabbed Felix before word got out that we had blacks in the league, one of my friends he could get to the mound, put a bear hug on him, got right up to quit speaking to me. A lot of the whites stopped coming to the his ear, and said: "You dumb son of a bitch! I know you don't ballpark. But Henry played SO well that by the end of the year, they were coming back. My friend in Columbia even started speak much English. but hear what I'm telling you. You're gonna talking to me again. Henry made Christians out of those people. get us all killed!" Meanwhile, the people from the white section -Dick Butler, former president of the Sally League along first base were coming over the railing and people from the colored section were headed over to the white section. It was real BASEBALL LIBRARY&ARCHIVE We won the opener when Felix drove in a run in the ninth close to being a race riot. They called the police, and after order inning, and we kept winning-seven in a row before we lost one. was restored, the policemen ringed the field and stood there with We beat Augusta one night, 28-6. The Jacksonville paper wrote their hands on their guns. that we might be one of the greatest Class A teams ever assem- The next night we were in Augusta, and after a couple of bled. And nobody could doubt that Horace and Felix and I had a innings the fans in the right-field stands started throwing rocks lot to do with it. I hit well right from the start, although one of at Horace. Horace always said he didn't mind the rednecks my teammates, Joe Andrews, led the league for the first month or throwing rocks at him, but when they started hitting him. that so. Horace had a lot of power and one of the best throwing arms was different. He called time and told the umpire, and the um- from right field that I ever saw. Felix was a flashy shortstop- pire made the mistake of grabbing the public address microphone much better than I was at second base-and a .300 hitter. The and asking people to stop throwing things at the right fielder. Braves had counted on the fact that all three of us would fare That was all the fans wanted to hear. When he came up to bat. well in the Sally League, or they wouldn't have put us in Jackson- they were all over him, shouting things like, "Nigger, we're gonna ville. We had to clear the way for other black players to play kill you next time. Ain't no nigger gonna squawk on no white down there, just as Billy Bruton and Garner made it easier for me folks down here." Ben had to move Horace from right field to FEB-04-1999 18:01 and Covington at Eau Claire. The Braves knew, and we knew, left, where the fans couldn't get to him. But we got our revenge that we not only had to play well, but if we ever lost our cool or that night. I was five-for-five, and between us. Horace, Felix. and caused an incident, it might set the whole program back five or I were on base thirteen times in fourteen times at bat. ten years. When the pitchers threw at us, we had to get up and That was the only kind of recourse we had. And laughing. swing at the next pitch. When somebody called us a nigger, we After the games, we'd get back to our rooms and say. "Horace, had to pretend as if we didn't hear it. what did you hear tonight?" We'd exchange our stories and just All of that was harder for Felix than it was for Horace and laugh all night at how stupid people could be. We'd laugh our- me. We were both accustomed to it, being from the South, but selves to sleep thinking about those people. They'd sit in the 60 / ] HAD A HAMMER Henry Aaron / 61 stands with mops on their heads. They'd throw black cats onto I don't recall ever feeling that our lives were in imminent 607 547 4094 P.19 the field. You'd hear things like, "The big nigger [that was Hor- danger, but we took nothing for granted. When we were leaving ace[, he's got to mow the owner's lawn on Saturday. Aaron's got the ballpark after a game, Joe Andrews would carry a bat with to feed his hogs. And that other one, I don't know who he is, but him and tell us to stick close. Ben Geraghty fathered us and kept he's a nigger to me." Of course, whenever somebody said some- us calm, but Joe was our protector. We couldn't talk back to the thing like that, it bounced off the walls and echoed through the fans calling us names, but Joe could, and he damn sure did. whole ballpark. It was strange how it worked. Everything would be normal, then it would get real quiet for a second, and out of I believe I was arrested three times that year for arguing with the hush you'd hear something like, "Hey, nigger, why you run- people on Henry's behalf. We'd walk on the field and they ning? There's no watermelon out there." Horace hurt himself would start up the chants: "Nigger! Nigger!" Places like Macon, running into a fence one night in Macon, and as they were carry- they'd come into the ballpark with coolers of beer and they'd be ing him off the field, somebody shouted, "Put that nigger down. half drunk by botting practice. I'd say, "These sick rebel suck- He can walk!" Joe Andrews, a white first baseman, was our ers," and every now and then I'd just wander over to the screen buddy. and they even yelled at him. They'd say, "Hey, Andrews, to see what I could do for 'em. 11 was amazing the way Henry every time you come to town you get blacker. You sleeping with and Horace and Felix could take it. I'd be standing next to Aaron's sister?" Henry in the infield and some yahoo would call him a nigger or BASEBALL LIBRARY&ARCHIVE My favorite incident was the time Horace caught a foul pop something and I'd turn to Henry and say, "Did you hear that?" He'd look back at me and soy, "What do you think, I'm deaf?" fly running into the crowd. We drew so well that they often filled It wasn't just the funs. either. We had a few Southern boys on the stands and put the overflow around the edge of the playing our ball club, and they'd say things. Henry came up with a field. Well, one time there was a fly ball right down the line in couple of men on base once when we were down by a run, and right field and Horace and I went after it. Horace caught it on the he popped up to end the game. Afterwards, somebody on our run, and when he did, it carried him right into the crowd. He was team said, "Well, when pull comes to tug, a nigger's gonna croak about to run over this little kid, so to keep from knocking him every time." I just started screaming. We didn't need to be wor- down, he just picked the kid up and kept going for a few steps. rying about our guys. because we had enough problems with the And before he could put the kid down, this lady started shriek- rednecks on the other side. ing: "My God! That nigger's running away with my baby!" And believe me, there were some mean pitchers in that Not all of the incidents were quite so funny, though. We had league. In Macon they had un old bullpark SO big you could land death threats in Montgomery. People would send us letters say- a 727. and there was a tin fence that circled the park. but it was ing things like they were going to sit in the right-field stands with too deep for a home run fence, so they had a snow fence inside FEB-04-1999 18:02 a rifle and shoot us during the game on a certain night. Felix got it. The first time up, Henry hits one over that snow fence for a home run. The next time around, I doubled and then Henry one in Jacksonville that said, "Nigger, if you play tonight, they're came up. Their pitcher was some old-timer from the Pacific going to carry you away in a casket." He showed it to the lady Coast League or somewhere like that, and when Henry was up who owned our house, and she got hysterical. She called the there the second time, the pitcher said. "I got four for your head. police, and the police called the FBI, and within about ten min- nigger." He threw the first one behind him. Henry just moved utes there were two FBI guys at the door trying to talk to Felix, his head a little. Then the pitcher said, I got three more here." who could barely speak English. They told Felix he should go I was standing on second base, so I just yelled out, "Hey, why ahead and play, and they would be sitting in the stands. Nothing don't you throw one at me?" I would have loved to take that guy happened. on. But Henry didn't need me. The next pitch was right at his 62 / 1 HAD A HAMMER Henry Anron / 63 head, and Henry just stepped back a little and tomahawked that bench brought hamburgers out to us. We used to joke that the 607 547 4094 P.20 thing right over my head. About two seconds later you could COWS turned and ran when they saw us coming. we ate so many hear the ball banging against that old tin fence way out there. hamburgers. Once, we stopped at a little store and the white When we got to the dugout, Henry said, "Why WUS that boy mad at me?" I pointed out to the pitcher. who was stomping around players got out to buy cold drinks. We stayed in the bus, but Felix the mound, and I said, "If you think he was mod before, take a wanted to get a drink out of the water fountain. There were two look at him now." fountains, white and colored, and Felix took a drink out of the Henry was just so innocent. and such a nice kid. One time the colored fountain. But it was hot water. and he spit it out. Then pitcher was throwing at him and the other team was getting on he moved over and took a drink from the white fountain. The him pretty bad und the fans were giving it to him, too, and I problem was that the store owner saw him do it, and, being a could tell it was bothering him. I said, "What's wrong, Henry?" good law-abiding Southerner, he called the sheriff. The sheriff He just shook his head and said, "I don't want to hurt nobody. I was there before the team was back on the bus. and he said he just want to play baseball." was going to put Felix in jail. Ben talked to the sheriff for a long The poor kid was only nineteen years old. He was SO naive he time before he finally convinced him to let Felix come with us. didn't even know how to pul on his uniform. Hell, he'd never Whenever we got to the town where we were going, the bus had anything like sunitary hose before. And he didn't care any- driver would take the white players to their hotel and Horace and thing about signs, or that kind of stuff. One time in Columbia he BASEBALL LIBRARY&ARCHIVE Felix and I would just sit in the bus as the rest of our teammates came up late in the game with us losing 1-0 and no outs and a couple of men on base. Ben gives him the bunt sign. and I see filed out. It got real quiet when the white players had to leave us Aaron back out of the box and shake his head. Ben flashes bunt sitting there. I'm sure that if it had been up to them, we'd have again, and Aaron backs out and walks halfway down to third stayed in the same hotel that they did. But Jim Crow made the base to meet him. They talk about something, and then Aaron rules, and we had to abide by them. Bear in mind, this was a year gets back in the box and hits a rocket to right center to score before the civil rights movement got rolling with the Brown vs. both runs and we win the game. Well, the next day I get to the Board of Education decision. So after the white players got off park and Ben calls me over and says, "You know what that son the bus, we'd ride on to some private home on the other side of of a bitch told me? He said, 'I know this pitcher and I know what the tracks. Black people were happy to put us up. because we he's gonna throw me. Anybody else, I'd bunt, but 1 know this were big news down there. We were the closest they would ever pitcher and I know I can hit him.' Well. okay. But then last night get to Jackie Robinson. I'm sitting in the lobby of the hotel and he's down there standing The only place where we stayed in a hotel was Montgomery. on the street corner waiting for some girl to show up. But the Otherwise, Montgomery was the worst town in the league for girl he's waiting for is from Columbus! We're in Columbia. and FEB-04-1999 18:02 black players. I could tolerate it only because my parents drove he's waiting for some girl from Columbus to show up! Hell, how could he have known that pitcher? He didn't even know what up from Mobile to see me play. When we weren't playing there, town we were in!"-Joe Andrews my father would go up about once a week anyway to read about the Sally League in the Montgomery newspaper. But even with Mama and Daddy nearby, I couldn't enjoy Montgomery. They Horace and Felix and I never stayed with the rest of our had segregation down to an art in that town-the art of keeping teammates when we were on the road-never even ate with the niggers down. 11 would be 100 degroes and black people them. The team would stop at a restaurant, and the three of us would be standing on the sidewalks watching half-filled buses go would sit on the bus while Ben or Joe or some guy who rode the by because there wasn't any more room in the colored section. 64 I [ HAD A HAMMER Henry Aaron / 65 When I heard two years later that Rosa Parks refused to give up The crash wasn't his fault, but he took it very hard. People who 607 547 4094 P.21 her seat to a white man, I understood perfectly. knew him then said that he wasn't the same after the crash-he The black hotel was called the Ben Moore, and as you might was nervous and drank more-but as far as I'm concerned, he imagine, it was not in the high-rent district. It was located over a still would have made a great big-league manager. Ben was in the juke joint, and the noise kept us up most of the night. There was Braves' system for a long time, and he was interviewed at least no air conditioning, the place smelled from the fish they were once for the manager's job, but with his wrinkled clothes and always frying downstairs, and if you opened a window the bugs plain way of talking. he didn't make much of an impression. I would invite themselves in for a little picnic. The interior deco- always thought that, in his way, Ben was discriminated against rating consisted of a potted plant in the lobby. But after sleeping every bit as much as Felix and I ever were. He died in 1963. It's on the bus in the Negro League, the Ben Moore was like the one of my biggest regrets that he never got a chance to manage in Waldorf-Astoria to me. It was also a clubhouse to the black play- the big leagues. ers, because the Jim Crow laws prevented us from putting on our As kind as he was with his players, Ben never forgot that he uniform at the ballpark with the white players. Finally, near the was the manager, and he knew how to chew a guy out if he made end of the season, we said to heck with it and dressed at the park. a mental mistake. He jumped all over Felix and me one night As far as 1 know, the white players all went on to have normal, when we let a pop fly fall between us. And he was always on me healthy lives after that. BASEBALL LIBRARY&ARCHIVE for missing signs. Once. he wanted to try a squeeze play, but to Wherever we stayed, Ben Geraghty would always make it a disguise it he clapped his hands and told me to hit the ball out of point to come over and see us. He had nothing special to say- the park. So I believed him and hit the ball out of the park. But he'd just drink a few beers and talk baseball-but it meant a lot the worst was the time I got picked off second base three times in to us that the manager would go out of his way to make us feel one game. The first time up, I singled and stole second, and the like part of the team. One day in Columbus, the team was invited second baseman tagged me out with the hidden-ball trick. The out to Fort Benning. When it came time to eat, suddenly Horace, next time, I stole second again, and he used some other hidden- Felix, and I were shuttled off to the kitchen. As soon as we sat ball trick and tagged me out again. Ben let it go the first time. but down, here came Ben to join us. I've known white players and the second time he was pretty hot. When it happened the third managers who will try to put on a good face around black players time, he let me have it. Of course, I deserved it. But Ben did despite their real feelings, but there wasn't a phony bone in Ben's something I appreciated-something I've always admired in a body. He was just a baseball man, and to him, we were just manager. Instead of screaming at me in front of the whole team baseball players. Besides that, he liked us. He liked me and Felix -Lord knows, I was embarrassed enough already-he waited because he knew we were headed for the big leagues, and he FEB-04-1999 18:03 until he could get me alone after the game. Then he told me how liked Horace because, in addition to being the best right fielder stupid I had been, and I couldn't disagree with him. I was a better in the league, Horace was a good man who knew where to buy baserunner from that day on. beer on Sunday. Horace always managed to find Ben a case of The only person Ben couldn't handle was Joe Andrews. Joe Schlitz for the long Sunday bus rides. was a big guy who might do anything, and Ben was probably I guess it's not surprising that Ben drank a lot of beer. con- scared of him. One night, when Joe had been drinking, we sidering what he had been through. A few years before. he had stopped the bus at a gas station and Joe put a coin into the vend- been manager at Spokane when the team bus rolled down a hill ing machine to try to get a drink. The bottle wouldn't come out, and some players were killed. Ben climbed up the hill to get help. and Joe started hitting and rocking that machine like he was 66 / I HAD A HAMMER Henry Aaron / 67 going to knock it over. Ben didn't want to go out there, SO he sent 607 547 4094 P.22 Horace out. Horace was the one guy who could hold his own switchblade, and said he was going to return with his money or with Joe-they were great friends. Horace just put his own the guy's heart in bis hand. There was another squabble over money into the machine, and when the bottle came out, he money when Joe and Horace were playing together in South handed it to Joe. America, only that time a guy came looking for Joe with a hunting Joe would stay out drinking all night on Saturdays, and it got knife. Joe's drinking and fighting got so bad that he ended up in jail years later. to the point where Ben wouldn't play him on Sundays. So when- ever Joe would get in on Sunday morning, he would go right to Ben's room and pound on the door and yell, "You son of a bitch! I finally hit bottom, and when I did, I'll tell you what brought You'd better play me today!" If any of the rest of us missed me out of it. It was thinking about Henry. By this time. Henry curfew, we would be fined, but Ben knew it was useless to try to was a superstar, going after Babe Ruth's record and everything. fine Joe. He said once that if he fined Joe every time he missed and it made me think of all that he went through in Jacksonville. curfew, they'd have to hold back his salary and Joe would still I thought, if he can make il through all of that and do what he owe the team money at the end of the year. Ben arranged for Jim has done with his life, I sure as hell can do something with my Frey to room with Joe to try to keep him out of jail. He stayed out life. That's when I joined Alcoholics Anonymous, and I haven't had a drink since. BASEBALL LIBRARY&ARCHIVE of jail all year, but he didn't stay out of trouble. One night about fifteen of the white players were eating at a café in Columbus, I've only seen Henry a few times since Ive played together. but and when they were finished, they went back to the motel and he always amozes me. A couple years after he broke the record, he was in Boston, and I went to see him with 0 Mafia guy who sat around the pool. All except Joe. After a while a car pulled up wanted to have a ball signed. We weren't there two minutes and a guy got out and said, "Where's that guy with that big letter when Henry pulls me aside and says, "Who is that guy?" I said, jacket with the Indian head on it? He walked out on a seven- "You mean you could tell?" He said, "The guy reeks. You're not dollar check." Everybody knew who he was talking about-Joe involved with him, are you?" I still don't know how the hell had been a great athlete in high school in Massachusetts, and he he could tell so fast. He just knew. He has that instinct about always wore that letter jacket. people. Joe's drinking probably kept him out of the big leagues, be- He had me figured out that first year. Al the beginning of the cause he was a natural hitter. I was only with him in 1953, but I season I was butting over .400 and leading the league, and understand that his drinking got worse before it got better. He Henry was hanging back in the low or mid-.300s. Then I started used to arm-wrestle in bars, and that would lead to bets, and the to drop and he closed the gap. and for a while we had (1 butting bets would lead to fights. Joe was liable to do anything when he race going. I thought I had U real chance to win it, but Henry FEB-04-1999 18:03 was drunk. He went to a black club with Barbara and Horace and came up to me one day and kind of shook his head and said, "You'll never last. You drink too much beer. Your hands are me one night in Jacksonville, and after a while he started making getting slow." And he was SO right. That's what I mean about passes at Barbara. I said something to him, and then Horace Henry's instincts. I've never met anybody like him.-Joe An- grabbed him and said, "Look, I got you in here and I'll get you drews out of here. But after that. you're on your own." When Horace and Joe were together in the Sally League the next year, Joe had some problems at a bar in Columbia. He thought the owner had By the All-Star break, I was leading the league in various taken some of his money, so he went back to the hotel, got his things. Five players from each team were selected to play in the All-Star Game, and I was one of them. But neither Felix nor 68 / ] HAD A HAMMER Henry Aaron / 69 607 547 4094 P.23 Horace made the team, which I thought was strange. In fact, there was a Cincinnati franchise and a veteran team with the best were a lot of curious things about the All-Star Game. The game pitching in the league. There was a veteran named Barney Mar- was in Savannah, and there were rumors that the governor of tin, who was up briefly with the Reds that year, another named Georgia, Herman Talmadge, was going to ban ine from playing in Maury Fisher, who made it up in 1955 for a few days. and Corky it. On one hand, it didn't make sense that he would keep me out Valentine. I'll never forget Corky Valentine. There were some of the All-Star Game when blacks had been playing in Savannah ornery pitchers in that league, but nobody as nasty as Harold all year. On the other hand, he was Herman Talmadge, the man Lewis Valentine. He was even nasty when he wasn't pitching. who conducted a nationwide campaign to prohibit blacks and The day before he was scheduled to pitch, he'd sit on the dugout whites from being on the same television show. Also, since the steps and say, "Have fun tonight, boys, because tomorrow I'm All-Star Game was the big fiftieth anniversary celebration of the gonna stick it in your ear." He meant it, too. I'm not saying he Sally League, it could have been that they wished to uphold a was a racist; I think Corky Valentine just hated everybody. He league tradition that had been in place for the first forty-nine put Joe Andrews in the hospital when he hit him in the shin. Joe years. Another possible reason for keeping me out of the game couldn't walk, but he was crawling out to the mound to try to get was that all the players were invited to a reception at a private at Valentine. I was lucky, I guess-or quick-because he never club where blacks were not permitted. Despite all of that, though, hit me, although I'm sure he tried. But I hit him. I hit him good. BASEBALL LIBRARY&ARCHIVE I was still intending to play in the game until the day before, Valentine made it up to the big leagues the next year. when I did. when I got in a rundown between third and home in a game and I hit the tenth home run of my career off him. J didn't spare against Savannah and was spiked on the toe by a 240-pound the rod on Corky Valentine. The scary thing, though. is that he catcher. I don't believe it was intentional, but I was never quite eventually became a policeman somewhere in Georgia. That's certain. enough to make you drive fifty-five. When I got hurt, another player from Jacksonville had to be Even though I hit him pretty well, Valentine was always named to take my place. Felix was the obvious guy, since he and tough on us. Columbia was tough on us. But we never minded I were both infielders and he was having a great season, but. playing there-at least, Horace and Felix and I didn't. Horace instead. they picked another infielder named Billy Porter, who had a lady friend there who was a mortician. and she always wasn't near the player that Felix was. So there were no black managed to find a couple of nice young girls for me and Felix. players in the All-Star Game. I didn't attend, but I've always My favorite town to visit. though-at least, for a while-was regretted that I didn't. I should have at least gone to be intro- Columbus. I met a girl there who lived across the Alabama border duced-just to force the issue and see what would happen. As it in Phenix City, and we had a pretty good thing going until it FEB-04-1999 18:04 turned out, Talmadge didn't know that I wasn't going to play, occurred to me that it would be prudent to call it off. Phenix City and after he had lunch and took his seat, he got up and excused was wide open, with drinking and gambling in the streets, and I himself about fifteen minutes before the start of the game, saying walked through all of that to gel to this girl's house. It wasn't SO he had a previous engagement. He had been getting a lot of flak bad until I was walking home one night and a bunch of white from voters about the black players-it was technically against guys started calling me names and chasing me. They chased me the law in Georgia for us to be on the same field as whites-and all the way across the Chattahoochee River into Georgia. That this way, he could say that he had never seen a black man play was the last time I saw that girl. Later on. she canie looking for in a ballgame in his state. me in Jacksonville, but by then I'd made up my mind to marry By the All-Star break, we had just about eliminated every Barbara. ---- ......................... Calumbie Calumbia Nous of 11... affect 70 / I HAD A HAMMER Henry Aaron / 71 607 547 4094 P.24 because I never let anything take my mind off my job as a ball- newspaper. The State, which wrote: "You will have a difficult player. I led the Sally League in hitting for most of the second time convincing Henry Aaron. a solid medium-size hunk of mer- half of the season. I only had one short slump the whole year, but chandise, that America is anything other than the land of oppor- came out of it fine. When Joe Andrews asked me what I did to tunity. The communists will be unhappy to hear that this 19- break my slump, I told him I called Stan Musial. I was liable to year-old colored boy from Mobile, Alabama, is getting along tell Joe anything, but I guess he believed me, because it started nicely-and with a bright future ahead." going around that I was friends with Musial. I'd never spoken to I didn't know anything about communists and I was still a a major leaguer in my life, much less Stan Musial. But if some- foreigner in the land of opportunity, but by the end of the sum- body had told me that four years later I would beat out Musial mer I was pretty sure I had a future in baseball. I was also pretty for Most Valuable Player in the National League, I wouldn't have sure it wouldn't be as a second baseman. If I was a bad shortstop thought they were crazy. Even then, I figured I ought to lead any in Eau Claire, I was a worse second baseman in Jacksonville. league I played in. I might have been a shy and quiet kid, but I Somehow, 1 managed to make thirty-six errors, which nearly gave was a confident shy and quiet kid. me a clean sweep of all the individual titles in the Sally League. The only one 1 missed was home runs. I hit twenty-two, but I was sitting behind Henry and Horace on the bus one night, Savannah had a guy named Tommy Giordano who hit twenty- BASEBALL LIBRARY&ARCHIVE and they were talking about hitting. At that time, Henry could four, a lot of them over the 270-foot left-field fence on the football turn around any fastball in the world. but he had trouble with field where they played. I think Giordano's eyes went bad later, slow stuff. Garner was trying to talk to him about off-speed and that kept him out of the big leagues. although he is an exec- pitches, and he was telling him what Jackie Robinson had said utive now with the Cleveland Indians. to him about hitting slow stuff. Jackie Robinson was the idol of My batting average at the end of the year was .362, which was most of the black players back then, and what he said was about twenty points ahead of Everett Joyner of Columbus. I had gospel. But that didn't matter to Henry. He cut Horace off before 125 RBIs, and nobody else in the league had more than 100. But he could finish and said, "I don't care what Jackie Robinson I was a butcher at second base. Especially on double plays. I says. I'm Henry Aaron, and I'll do it my way."-Jim Frey threw the ball as hard as I could, underhanded, and the shortstop couldn't see it until it was about to hit him in the nose. Felix If I ever doubted myself that year, all I had to do to get my used to say a guy could get killed trying to turn double plays with confidence back was count my watches or the bonus money in me. We all knew that my best position was some other position. my billfold. Our owner, Sam Wolfson, gave out prizes to players One guy who didn't seem to be worried about my problems FEB-04-1999 18:04 who had big games. You'd check your locker after a road trip, at second base, though, was Ben Geraghty. I guess Ben could and there was liable to be an envelope stuffed with five- and ten- sense that I was the type of kid who needed to be encouraged, and maybe twenty-dollar bills. I used that money to buy my par- because he was always telling me that I was going to make it big. ents the first television on our side of Toulminville. People came He told some writers that I'd make people forget Jackie Robinson. knocking on our door from all over the neighborhood to watch I knew that was nonsense, but Ben's faith meant a lot to me. He that TV. There was also a jeweler in Jacksonville who gave out wasn't saying anything that he didn't believe. either, because he watches if you hit the first home run of a game or a series, and I bragged on me to the Braves, too. was giving away watches to all my friends. Other stores gave us slacks and sport jackets. I came up in the world that summer- One day Lou Perini the Braves' owner] called me into his office causied it quite as for as the Columbia and said "We lean boaring about this A........ bid down 72 / I HAD A HAMMER Henry Aoron / 73 607 547 4094 P.25 sonville. When is he going to be ready for Milwaukee?" I said Cedar Rapids, about 405 feet. We knew Horace could beat that. that as a hitter. he might be ready next year. But as a second but he still wouldn't do it. Then we told him they were giving basemon, it might take a couple more. So we sent Billy South- away a barbeque grill for first prize, and all of a sudden Horace worth down there to grade his arm and see if maybe he could was real interested. He grubbed the ball and threw it out of the play the outfield. Aaron was still at second base, but it so hap- ballpark. Then they had the sprints, and there was some guy in pened that in the next game, there was a little bloop into short the league who had been a track man at Duke. When they ron right field, and Henry had to chase it down and turn and gun the 100-yard dash, this guy got up to the line and dug in like he the ball to home plate. He threw a strike-overhand-and got was in the Olympics or something. and Horace walked up there his man easily. Southworth came back and reported that Aaron with his hat on backwards and his sweatshirt in his back pocket had one of the best arms he'd ever seen."-John Mullen and beat the guy by ten yards.-Joe Andrews I did have a strong arm, but it was a long way from being the Horace and Felix and I and several others on our team put up best on our ball club. I've never seen anybody throw like Horace big numbers that year, but somehow Columbia stayed right on Garner-unless it was Roberto Clemente. Horace would put on our heels all season. The rest of the league was at least twenty- throwing exhibitions around the Sally League. The fans would five games behind, but we couldn't scom to shake Corky Val- come early to watch him stand at home plate and heave balls entine and company. Finally, we clinched the pennant in BASEBALL LIBRARY&ARCHIVE over the center-field fence. Horace might have been a little uncer- Savannah. The night we did, Horace and Felix and I drove in a tain in the outfield, but he could run and throw and hit with bunch of runs, and when we came out of the clubhouse. there anybody. His problem was that he was a little old. He was was a white man standing there waiting for us. We could tell he twenty-seven the year we were together in Jacksonville, and I wanted to talk to us, but he didn't quite know what to say. He guess the Braves figured he was past the stage of being a prospect. was kind of shuffling around, trying to find the right words. Fi- But Horace had a lot of good baseball left. He stayed in the nally, he blurted it out. He said, "I just wanted to let you niggers Braves' minor-league system for eight years, and in those years know you played a helluva game." the teams he was on won seven pennants. He won batting titles, The team arranged a celebration party that night at a restau- home run titles, everything. But he never got a shot at the big rant in Savannah. The only problem was that Felix and Horace leagues. One year, the Braves told him they might call him up at and I weren't allowed in the restaurant. We had to stay in the the end of the year, but just before he was supposed to go up, he kitchen while the rest of the team partied out in front. After a hurt his knee. He still played after that, but his chance was gone. while, Spec Richardson, our general manager, gave us fifty dol- When I think about it now. it doesn't seem right that I have all lars and told us to have our own party. We took fifteen dollars FEB-04-1999 18:05 these awards and records and I'm in the Hall of Fame, and Horace apiece for ourselves and bought some beer with the other five. is driving a school bus in Cedar Rapids, Iowa, where ony a few When we got back to Jacksonville, there was another party for the people even know that he was a ballplayer. team at a country club. Somehow. Mr. Wolfson arranged to get US in, even though black people were never included at affairs When I played with Horace in the Three-1 League. they had a like that in the South. It was such a significant occasion that a contest one day for throwing and running. We kept telling Hor- writer from a black magazine came out to cover it, but he was ace to get into it, but he'd just had a tooth pulled and he had 0 stopped at the door. sore arm. He woudn't do it. Rocky Colavito was in the league, The Braves also honored the players with a special night and he threw one that short-hopped the center-field fence in during the last homestand of the season. Since I led the league in MAWALDMAN @ aol.com 02/04/99 11:38:47 PM Record Type: Record To: Joshua S. Gottheimer/WHO/EOP CC: Subject: Re: aaron remarks On Amazon, I found that Hank Aaron wrote a book : "I HAD A HAMMER"! How can we get it? According to the blurb on Amazon, Aaron received 900,000 pieces of mail in oine year - much of it angry and racially charged Other things I learned on the web -- One letter was written on toilet paper Michael Waldman 02/05/99 10:14:59 AM Record Type: Record To: Joshua S. Gottheimer/WHO/EOP CC: Subject: Govs. Barnes and Miller; Reps. Joseph Kennedy, John Lewis; Sec. Herman; Mayors Campbell, Dow; Amb. Young; Rev. Jackson; NAACP President Kweisi Mfume; Rev. William Guy; Bob Costas (MC); Comm. Bud Selig (Major League Baseball); Ozzie Davis and Ruby Dee; Ted Turner; Jane Fonda; Tom Johnson (CEO, CNN); Leonard Coleman; Gerald Levin; Dick Parsons; the Temptations; Jeffery Osborne; Dream Chasers; Ernie Banks; Sammy Sosa; Evander Holyfield; Ken Griffey, Sr; Reggie Jackson; Dave Winfield; Billye Aaron (Hank's wife) Michael Waldman 02/05/99 10:57:38 AM Record Type: Record To: Joshua S. Gottheimer/WHO/EOP CC: Subject: Forwarded by Michael Waldman/WHO/EOP on 02/05/99 10:58 AM Michael Waldman 02/05/99 10:57:20 AM Record Type: Record To: Paul D. Glastris/WHO/EOP CC: Subject: Draft 2/4/99 9pm Josh Gottheimer/Michael Waldman PRESIDENT WILLIAM J. CLINTON REMARKS FOR HANK AARON GALA ATLANTA, GA February 5, 1999 Acknowledgments: p [pron.] The essayist Jacques Barzun once wrote, "Whoever wants to know the heart and mind of America, had better learn baseball." I am here today because the heart and mind of America -- the competition and craftsmanship, the teamwrok and the sheer individual heroism -- are gloriously embodied reflected in the career of Hank Aaron. For all the time that Hank was "chasing the dream," he was doing it not only for himself or his fans -- but for all of us in the south, and for all Amergians. It has been said often that baseball, more than any other sport, revels in its statistics. We all know what they are. Most hits -- Ty Cobb. Most wins -- Cy "the records. + who words them. for Eng mendor we he team tranded evance 14-cream Mr Young. Most home runs in a season Mark McGwire, and a man who's with us today, Sammy Sosa. And then, the recordson warry 101000 Then it gets somewhat repetitive. Most career home runs Hank Aaron. a little repet Most RBIs -- Hank Aaron. Most [x?] Hank Aaron. He K.A. holds more major league records than anyone in history and can look that up I will never forget that night 2nd when he broke what had seemed to be be the most unbreahable H.A. impregnable record of all. He had the presence of mind to do it on opening night, so we could all plan to watch. had just had my first loss and it wouldn't be my last. Xxxxx. " 2 yet Hank Aaron nad achieved. We wouldn't be here tonight if that was all. We honor him not only for the power of his swing but the power of his spirit. Not only for breaking records, but for breaking barriers. we all remenber Haulin days of glom, but When Hank Aaron grew up outside Mobile, the doors of major league baseball were bolted shut. to black Americans. Alabama Jackie Robinson whose courage we honored at Shea Stadium two years was to break through. He baid a ago those doors. But it takes nothing away from Jackie Robinson's heard price, courage to note that when he was preparing for the majors, he was sent to as we all know, Mentreal. In his entire career, Jackie Robinson never played further south than for the progress he made. But it some Saint would Louis shaffered, And game it's amazing game he to newer reckel once that has for to al, play the further stereotypes south we Date Time before your for all the racism he confronted, many others follow Hank Aaron was the first African-American to play in the South Atlantic Minor League the Saly League -- in the heart of segregation. It's not very easy for today's young people to understand what that meant. Every youth, other member of than your had barriers the Indianapolis team stayed in one motel. He stayed in another on the other side of town. At the stadiums, X. X. Except Hanle Aaron. [use as refrain] of his own to breau When the Hank entered the majors, he played his first dozen years in Milwaukee the Milw. as He wasn't a showman; he was methodical and quiet and strong. He led them to Braves two pennants. And then, in 1966, in the nervous aftermath of the civil rights victories, the Braves moved to Atlanta. troubled revolution There/M.A. AVOID chased his dream. As he closed in on Babe Ruth's career home run record, he began to face a new and obstacle not of legal segregation this time, but one much A deeper, much darker, in the hearts of too many Americans. The year he approached that record, he received 900,000 letters. Many of them angry. Many of them hateful. Death threats so serious that the FBI had to watch his home. Death threats so serious that every game had the threat of deadly violence braven and the pall of violance hung over In a feat of stunning concentration, pressed on. He said, "I had a job to 1 H.A. do, and I stuck with the plan. I was not going to be distracted from my goal." And according to Hank Aaron, of all the hate mail he recieved, barely any of it was from Atlanta. We talk about the New South. We honor the struggles of integration and the visionary leadership of Mayor Ivan Allen and the businesspeople in the City too Busy to Hate. But very few moments changed our region and our nation as indelibly as the night that Hank Aaron broke that record and was cheered by nearly 54,000 Atlantans -- black and white -- all cheering in one voice. you've kept ever Hank / had been 'chasing the dream' in the years since. As a baseball executive, philanthropist and founder of the Chasing the Dream Foundation, you've been a champion of opportunity and of aspirations, an advocate of fairness and a builder of dreams. and Hank Aaron, tonight we honor not only the records you have broken but the path you have blazed, the voice you have raised for equality and fairness, and the standard you continue to set for all of us out here in the stands. Thank you for all you have given to your team, your community and your country. Final 2/5/99 12:30pm Josh Gottheimer/ Michael Waldman PRESIDENT WILLIAM J. CLINTON REMARKS FOR HANK AARON GALA ATLANTA, GA February 5, 1999 Acknowledgments: Govs. Barnes and Miller; Reps. Joseph Kennedy, John Lewis; Sec. Herman; Mayors Campbell, Dow; Amb. Young; Rev. Jackson; NAACP President Kweisi Mfume; Rev. William Guy; Bob Costas (MC); Comm. Bud Selig (Major League Baseball); Ozzie Davis and Ruby Dee; Ted Turner; Jane Fonda; Tom Johnson (CEO, CNN); Leonard Coleman; Gerald Levin; Dick Parsons; the Temptations; Jeffery Osborne; Dream Chasers; Ernie Banks; Sammy Sosa; Billye Aaron (Hank's wife). The essayist Jacques Barzun [bahr-zuhn] once wrote, "Whoever wants to know the heart and mind of America, had better learn baseball." I am here today because the heart of America -- the competition and craftsmanship, the teamwork and the sheer individual heroism -- are gloriously embodied in the career of Hank Aaron. For all the time that Hank was "chasing the dream," he was doing it not only for himself or his fans -- but for all of us in the south, and for all Americans. It has often been said that baseball, more than any other sport revels in statistics. We all know the records and who holds them. Most hits -- [Pete Rose] Most wins -- Cy Young. Most home runs in a season -- Mark McGwire, and w man who S with us today, Sammy Sosa. letsnotforgerthe the Most career home runs -- Hank Aaron. Most RBIs Hank Aaron. Second most runs Hank Aaron Hank Aaron holds more major league records than anyone in history. But I will never forget that night when Hank Aaron broke what seemed the most unbreakable record of aN. Ne had the presence of mind to do it on opening night, so we could all plan to watch. We wouldn't be here tonight if that was all Hank Aaron had achieved. We honor him not only for the power of his swing but the power of his spirit. Not only for breaking records, but for breaking barriers. When Hank Aaron grew up outside Mobile, Alabama, the doors of major league baseball were bolted shut to black Americans. Jackie Robinson -- whose courage we honored at Shea Stadium two years ago -- was the first to break through those doors. But it was some time before many others would follow. Hank Aaron had barriers of his own to break as the first African-American to play in the South Atlantic Minor League the Saly League in the heart of segregation. It's not very easy for today's young people to understand what that meant. Down South, every member of the team stayed in one motel. Except Hank Aaron. He stayed in another on the other side of town. When the team stopped at a restaurant to eat dinner, everyone was served at the counter. Except Hank Aaron. He had to go to the back entrance of the restaurant. When Hank Aaron entered the majors, he played his first dozen years in Milwaukee. He wasn't a showman; he was quiet, methodical and strong. He led the Milwaukee Braves to two pennants. And then, in 1966, in the troubled aftermath of the civil rights revolution, the Braves moved to Atlanta. There, Hank Aaron chased his dream. As he closed in on Babe Ruth's career home run record, he began to face a new obstacle not of legal segregation this time, but something much deeper, much darker, in the hearts of too many Americans. The year Hank Aaron approached that record, he received 900,000 letters. Many of them angry. Many of them hateful. Death threats so serious that the FBI had to watch his home. Death threats so serious that the pall of violence hung over every game. In a feat of bravery and stunning concentration, Hank Aaron pressed on. He said, "I had a job to do, and I stuck with the plan. I was not going to be distracted from my goal." And according to Hank Laron, of all the hate mail he received barel any of it was from Atlanta. We talk about the New South. We honor the struggles of integration and the visionary leadership of Mayor Ivan Allen and the businesspeople in the City too Busy to Hate. But very few moments changed our region and our nation as indelibly as the night that Hank Aaron you broke that record and was cheered by nearly 54,000 Atlantans - black and white all cheering in one voice. Hank, you've kept "chasing the dream" ever since. As a baseball executive, philanthropist and founder of the Chasing the Dream Foundation, you've been a champion of opportunity and aspirations, an advocate of fairness and a builder of dreams. Hank Aaron, tonight we honor not only the records you have broken but the path you have blazed, the voice you have raised for equality and fairness, and the example you continue to set for all of us out in the stands. Thank you for all you have given to your team, your community and your country. 2 PAGE 4 4TH STORY of Level 2 printed in FULL format. Copyright 1991 The Time Inc. Magazine Company Sports Illustrated March 11, 1991 SECTION: BOOKS; Pg. 65 LENGTH: 792 words HEADLINE: The Real Hammer Raps about Racism; In his autobiography, Hank Aaron recounts the glory, but also the frustrations, of his brilliant career BYLINE: by RON FIMRITE BODY: THE APPARENTLY JOYLESS CAREER OF Henry Aaron puts an athletic spin on the Shakespearean saw about being "star-crossed. One star or another was always getting in Hank's way. First, it was Willie Mays outshining him, at least in the public eye, during Aaron's best seasons, seasons as fine as anyone has ever had. Then, as he stood on the very brink of baseball immortality, here came the Babe himself, or at least his ghost, to steal his thunder. The only place Aaron could finish first, it seemed, was in the alphabetical listings of The Baseball Encyclopedia. If anyone has a right to sing the blues, it's the man they called the Hammer, and sing them he does, with a vengeance, in I Had a Hammer (Harper-Collins, $21.95), an autobiography written with Cincinnati journalist Lonnie Wheeler. It is an unsettling read. Aaron was a cross-handed-hitting teenage infielder from Mobile, Ala., when the Braves signed him out of the old Negro leagues in 1952. He was one of the last big leaguers to emerge from that suddenly disintegrating talent pool. After a season in the lower minors at Eau Claire, Wis., he was dispatched with a few other young blacks to integrate the South Atlantic "Sally" League in the Deep South. His reception from fans there ranged from merely insulting catcalls "Hey nigger, why you runnin'? There's no watermelon out there" to crudely written death threats. Still, Aaron, as focused and coolly methodical a player as ever swung a bat, tore the league apart. The next year, 1954, at age 20, he was in the big time. Being with the Milwaukee Braves in the 1950s was as near to nirvana as he would ever be. The team was on its way to winning two National League pennants and a World Series, the fans were ecstatic and plentiful, and most of his teammates were great guys, particularly his slugging mate, Eddie Mathews. Aaron responded to all this salubrity by leading the league in batting twice and in home runs and RBIs four times. But those good times were too good to last. The Braves slipped badly, both on the field and at the box office, and in 1966 they moved to -- where else? - - the Deep South. Atlanta considered itself to be a progressive city, far too busy expanding its horizons to be racially prejudiced, but Aaron found it otherwise. By this time, he, unlike Mays, had become outspoken on the subject of race, and he rubbed the tender sensibilities of this allegedly reformed community the wrong way. Unheralded elsewhere and disliked at home, Aaron nevertheless kept hammering away, and when he finally passed Mays in the career home run derby - - leaving only Babe Ruth ahead of him - - he took the baseball world by surprise. What 1974- PAGE 5 Sports Illustrated March 11, 1991 was this stoic man doing in such charismatic company? It was bad enough that he had passed the popular Willie; now he was nearing the sacred Babe's unapproachable lifetime record of 714 home runs. In 1973, as the Hammer bore down on the Babe, the "Dear Nigger" letters, as he calls them, began pouring in "Dirty old nigger man Had Babe Ruth played and been at bat as many times as you, old nigger, he would have hit just short of 1,100 home runs 11 Aaron collected the most scurrilous of these disgusting missives to remind him in years ahead of his tremendous ordeal. Altogether, according to the U.S. Postal Service, he received 930,000 letters in '73, by far the most sent to a nonpolitician. Dinah Shore finished second, with 60,000. "It should have been the most enjoyable time in my life," he writes, "and instead it was hell.' Aaron missed tying the Babe that year by one homer. He could conceivably have gotten the record within the first three games of '74, all of which were to be played in Cincinnati. The Braves wanted to hold him out of those three games so he could pass Ruth at home, but commissioner Bowie Kuhn ordered Atlanta to play him at least twice to protect the game's integrity. What was to have been his crowning achievement was already sullied by controversy. And when killer tornadoes struck the countryside around Cincinnati on Opening Day, he was further upstaged by tragedy. He went ahead and hit number 714 anyway. And in the home opener, off the Dodgers' Al Downing, he hit the record breaker. "I felt a deep sense of gratitude,' he writes, "and a wonderful surge of liberation all at the same time. I also felt a stream of tears running down my face. " When President Nixon, awash in Watergate, tried to telephone his congratulations, he was accidentally disconnected. Commissioner Kuhn wasn't even in the ballpark. At 57, Aaron tells us, he's still fighting for respect, both for himself and for all African-Americans. And yet it's significant, perhaps, that the most famous Hammer in America today is a rap singer. GRAPHIC: Picture, Aaron's Milwaukee years approached nirvana. descColor illustration: Hank Aaron., ROB DAY LANGUAGE: ENGLISH Henry Aaron / 63 a little and tomahawked that bench brought hamburgers out to us. We used to joke that the two seconds later you could cows turned and ran when they saw us coming, we ate so many that old tin fence way out there. hamburgers. Once, we stopped at a little store and the white said, "Why was that boy mad players got out to buy cold drinks. We stayed in the bus, but Felix who was stomping around wanted to get a drink out of the water fountain. There were two think he was mad before, take a fountains, white and colored, and Felix took a drink out of the ınd such a nice kid. One time the colored fountain. But it was hot water, and he spit it out. Then the other team was getting on he moved over and took a drink from the white fountain. The giving it to him, too, and I problem was that the store owner saw him do it, and, being a I said, "What's wrong, Henry?" good law-abiding Southerner, he called the sheriff. The sheriff "I don't want to hurt nobody. I was there before the team was back on the bus, and he said he was going to put Felix in jail. Ben talked to the sheriff for a long years old. He was so naive he time before he finally convinced him to let Felix come with us. his uniform. Hell, he'd never Whenever we got to the town where we were going, the bus before. And he didn't care any- driver would take the white players to their hotel and Horace and of stuff. One time in Columbia he Felix and I would just sit in the bus as the rest of our teammates us losing 1-0 and no outs and a filed out. It got real quiet when the white players had to leave us him the bunt sign, and I see sitting there. I'm sure that if it had been up to them, we'd have shake his head. Ben flashes bunt stayed in the same hotel that they did. But Jim Crow made the ind walks halfway down to third something, and then Aaron rules, and we had to abide by them. Bear in mind, this was a year a rocket to right center to score before the civil rights movement got rolling with the Brown vs. Well, the next day I get to the Board of Education decision. So after the white players got off says, "You know what that son the bus, we'd ride on to some private home on the other side of tnow this pitcher and I know what the tracks. Black people were happy to put us up, because we else, I'd bunt, but I know this were big news down there. We were the closest they would ever Well, okay. But then last night get to Jackie Robinson. and he's down there standing The only place where we stayed in a hotel was Montgomery. some girl to show up. But the Otherwise, Montgomery was the worst town in the league for blumbus! We're in Columbia, and black players. I could tolerate it only because my parents drove Columbus to show up! Hell, how up from Mobile to see me play. When we weren't playing there, tcher? He didn't even know what my father would go up about once a week anyway to read about the Sally League in the Montgomery newspaper. But even with Mama and Daddy nearby, I couldn't enjoy Montgomery. They stayed with the rest of our had segregation down to an art in that town-the art of keeping the road-never even ate with the niggers down. It would be 100 degrees and black people restaurant, and the three of us would be standing on the sidewalks watching half-filled buses go Joe or some guy who rode the by because there wasn't any more room in the colored section. 64 / I HAD A HAMMER When I heard two years later that Rosa Parks refused to give up The crash wasn't his fault, b her seat to a white man, I understood perfectly. knew him then said that he . The black hotel was called the Ben Moore, and as you might was nervous and drank mor imagine, it was not in the high-rent district. It was located over a still would have made a great juke joint, and the noise kept us up most of the night. There was Braves' system for a long tin no air conditioning, the place smelled from the fish they were once for the manager's job, always frying downstairs, and if you opened a window the bugs plain way of talking, he did would invite themselves in for a little picnic. The interior deco- always thought that, in his v rating consisted of a potted plant in the lobby. But after sleeping every bit as much as Felix ar on the bus in the Negro League, the Ben Moore was like the one of my biggest regrets that Waldorf-Astoria to me. It was also a clubhouse to the black play- the big leagues. ers, because the Jim Crow laws prevented us from putting on our As kind as he was with h uniform at the ballpark with the white players. Finally, near the was the manager, and he kne' end of the season, we said to heck with it and dressed at the park. a mental mistake. He jumpe As far as I know, the white players all went on to have normal. when we let a pop fly fall bet healthy lives after that. for missing signs. Once, he v Wherever we stayed, Ben Geraghty would always make it a disguise it he clapped his har point to come over and see us. He had nothing special to say- the park. So I believed him a he'd just drink a few beers and talk baseball-but it meant a lot the worst was the time I got p to us that the manager would go out of his way to make us feel one game. The first time up, like part of the team. One day in Columbus, the team was invited second baseman tagged me ( out to Fort Benning. When it came time to eat, suddenly Horace, next time, I stole second agai Felix, and I were shuttled off to the kitchen. As soon as we sat ball trick and tagged me out a down, here came Ben to join us. I've known white players and the second time he was preti managers who will try to put on a good face around black players time, he let me have it. Of despite their real feelings, but there wasn't a phony bone in Ben's something I appreciated-so body. He was just a baseball man, and to him, we were just manager. Instead of screamin baseball players. Besides that, he liked us. He liked me and Felix -Lord knows, I was embar because he knew we were headed for the big leagues, and he until he could get me alone a: liked Horace because, in addition to being the best right fielder stupid I had been, and I could in the league, Horace was a good man who knew where to buy baserunner from that day on. beer on Sunday. Horace always managed to find Ben a case of The only person Ben cou Schlitz for the long Sunday bus rides. was a big guy who might de I guess it's not surprising that Ben drank a lot of beer, con- scared of him. One night, sidering what he had been through. A few years before, he had stopped the bus at a gas static been manager at Spokane when the team bus rolled down a hill ing machine to try to get a dr and some players were killed. Ben climbed up the hill to get help. and Joe started hitting and Bartholomaus 78 Pronouncing Dictionary of Proper Name Bartholomaus Bashevis 1. pers. name, Dutch BAHR-TÓ-lō-MÁ-ues ,bar,to:lo:'me:ys pers. name (I. 2. German BAHR-TÔ-lō-ME-us ,bar,to:lo:'meus Bashkir Bartholomeu republic, Asic pers. name, Portuguese BAHR-too-loo-MA-u ,ba:rtu:lu:'me:u Basho Bartholomeus poetic name pers. name, Dutch BAHR-TÓ-lō-MÁ-ues ,bar,to:lo:'me:ys Japanese p Bartholomew Basie pers. name bahr-THAHL-uh-MYOO Count, US be bar'eala,mju: Bartleby Basil story, H. Melville BAHRT-I-bê 'bart|bi' pers. name Bartlesville Wesleyan Basilius College, OK BAHRT-uhlz-VIL WEZ-le-uhn, 1. pers. nam. 'bart|z,vil 'wezli:on, WES-lē-uhn 'wesli:on Bartlett 2. Latin pers. name BAHRT-luht Basingstoke 'bartlet Bartók town, Engla Bela, Hungarian composer Baskerville BAHR-TAHK, BAHR-TAWK 'bar,tak, 'bar,to:k Bartolome John, Englis pers. name, Spanish bahr-tō-lō-MA typefont barto:lo:'me: Basie Bartolomeo alternate sp 1. pers. name, Italian BAHR-tō-lō-ME-ō ,barto:lo:'meo: Switzerlar 2. Spanish bahr-tō-lō-MÃ-ō barto:lo:'me:o: Basotho Bartolommeo people, Lesc pers. name, Italian ,barto:lo:m'meo: Basov Barton Nikolai Genr Clara, US founder of Red Cross; BAHRT-n 'bartn physicist ( Derek H. R., English organic Basque chemist (Nobel 1969) lang., people Baruch Basra 1. Old Testament book; pers. buh-ROOK, BAHR-OOK be'ru:k, 'bar,u:k prov & town name Basrah, AI [B 2. Bernard, US statesman buh-ROOK be'ru:k prov & town Baruj pers. name, Spanish BAHR-ookh 'baru:x Bas-Rhin Baryshnikov dept. Franc Mikhail, ballet dancer buh-RISH-ni-kuhf, be'rifnikaf, $ be'rifni,ko:f, Bass $ buh-RISH-ni-KAWF, -,ko:v Saul, graph Barzun tdmk for Jacques, US author bahr-ZUHN borzan shoes Basa Basse-Norm lang., Africa BAHS-uh 'base region, Fra Basant Panchami Bassist Hindu festival VUHS-uhnt PUHN-chuh-mē 'Basont 'pentfami' College, OI Basari Bast lang., Guinea, Senegal, Gambia buh-SAHR-è ba'sari' Egyptian SI Bascomb Bastet [Bast] pers. name BAS-kuhm 'bæskam Egyptian Si Basel Bastiano city, Switzerland BAHZ-uhl 'bazel pers. name Basenji Bastille dog breed buh-SEN-jē, buh-ZEN-jë ba'sendzi', ba'zendzi French pri: Basherawa Bastogne lang., Nigeria buh-SHER-uh-wuh be'Jerewe district, Be Key (col. 2): a: fad a: fade ah: father ar: Mary aw: law e: fed e: feed er: merry i: hid i: hide o: coat 00: boot Foreign Sounds: oi: boy ow: now u: put uh: above uhr: bird ch: chop ng: ring sh: show th: thick th: this zh: measure hl: Welsh Llanelli. Joshua S. Gottheimer 02/05/99 12:25:54 PM Record Type: Record To: Jeffrey A. Shesol/WHO/EOP CC: Subject: Final 2/5/99 12pm Josh Gottheimer/ Michael Waldman PRESIDENT WILLIAM J. CLINTON REMARKS FOR HANK AARON GALA ATLANTA, GA February 5, 1999 Acknowledgments: Govs. Barnes and Miller; Reps. Joseph Kennedy, John Lewis; Sec. Herman; Mayors Campbell, Dow; Amb. Young; Rev. Jackson; NAACP President Kweisi Mfume; Rev. William Guy; Bob Costas (MC); Comm. Bud Selig (Major League Baseball); Ozzie Davis and Ruby Dee; Ted Turner; Jane Fonda; Tom Johnson (CEO, CNN); Leonard Coleman; Gerald Levin; Dick Parsons; the Temptations; Jeffery Osborne; Dream Chasers; Ernie Banks; Sammy Sosa; Billye Aaron (Hank's wife). The essayist Jacques Barzun [bahr-zuhn] once wrote, "Whoever wants to know the heart and mind of America, had better learn baseball." I am here today because the heart of America -- the competition and craftsmanship, the teamwork and the sheer individual heroism -- are gloriously embodied in the career of Hank Aaron. For all the time that Hank was "chasing the dream," he was doing it not only for himself or his fans -- but for all of us in the south, and for all Americans. It has often been said often that baseball, more than any other sport, revels in its statistics. We all know the records and who holds them. Most hits -- Ty Cobb. Most wins -- Cy Young. Most home runs in a season -- Mark McGwire, and a man who's with us today, Sammy Sosa. Most career home runs -- Hank Aaron. Most RBIs -- Hank Aaron. Second most runs -- Hank Aaron. Hank Aaron holds more major league records than anyone in history. I will never forget that night when Hank Aaron broke what seemed the most unbreakable record of all. He had the presence of mind to do it on opening night, so we could all plan to watch. We wouldn't be here tonight if that was all Hank Aaron had achieved. We honor him not only for the power of his swing but the power of his spirit. Not only for breaking records, but for breaking barriers. When Hank Aaron grew up outside Mobile, Alabama, the doors of major league baseball were bolted shut to black Americans. Jackie Robinson -- whose courage we honored at Shea Stadium two years ago -- was the first to break through those doors. But it was some time before many others would follow. Hank Aaron had barriers of his own to break as the first African-American to play in the South Atlantic Minor League -- the Saly League -- in the heart of segregation. It's not very easy for today's young people to understand what that meant. Down South, every member of the team stayed in one motel. Except Hank Aaron. He stayed in another on the other side of town. When the team stopped at a restaurant to eat dinner, every one was served at the counter. Except Hank Aaron. He had to go to the back entrance of the restaurant to eat with the other black players. this underents the "everyone except" When Hank Aaron entered the majors, he played his first dozen years in Milwaukee. He wasn't a showman; he was quiet, methodical and strong. He led the Milwaukee Braves to two pennants. And then, in 1966, in the troubled aftermath of the civil rights revolution, the Braves moved to Atlanta. There, Hank Aaron chased his dream. As he closed in on Babe Ruth's career home run record, he began to face a new obstacle not of legal segregation this time, but one much deeper, much darker, in the hearts of too many Americans. something H.A. The year approached that record, he received 900,000 letters. Many of them angry. Many of them hateful. Death threats so serious that the FBI had to watch his home. Death threats so serious that the pall of violence hung over every game. In a feat of bravery and stunning concentration, Hank Aaron pressed on. He said, "I had a job to do, and I stuck with the plan. I was not going to be distracted from my goal." And according to Hank Aaron, of all the hate mail he received, barely any of it was from Atlanta. We talk about the New South. We honor the struggles of integration and the visionary leadership of Mayor Ivan Allen and the businesspeople in the City too Busy to Hate. But very few moments changed our region and our nation as indelibly as the night that Hank Aaron broke that record and was cheered by nearly 54,000 Atlantans -- black and white -- all cheering in one voice. Hank, you've kept chasing the dream ever since. As a baseball executive, philanthropist and founder of the Chasing the Dream Foundation, you've been a champion of opportunity and aspirations, an advocate of fairness and a builder of dreams. Hank Aaron, tonight we honor not only the records you have broken but the path you have blazed, the voice you have raised for equality and fairness, and the example standard you continue to set for all of us out here in the stands. Thank you for all you have given to your team, your community and your country. PAGE 12 169TH STORY of Level 1 printed in FULL format. Copyright 1995 The Times Mirror Company Los Angeles Times April 9, 1995, Sunday, Bulldog Edition SECTION: Sports; Part C; Page 1; Sports Desk LENGTH: 648 words HEADLINE: THE HAMMER; REMEMBERING WHEN AN AMERICAN HERO CHASED THE DREAM BYLINE: By HAL BOCK, ASSOCIATED PRESS BODY: The way Hank Aaron sees it, America would have preferred someone else to break Babe Ruth's home run record. Someone white. "No question about that, Aaron said, chuckling a little. "Back then, if they had a choice, they would have preferred Mickey Mantle. Or Stan Musial. or Ted * Williams. If it had to be someone black, I think they would have preferred Willie Mays." Instead, they got Aaron, a low-key slugger with lightning fast wrists who, 6N BREKEING one writer observed, did everything that Mays did and kept his hat on too. THE RECAD As he chased the home run record, Aaron got letters, ugly letters, threatening letters, hate-filled letters, letters that are a permanent embarrassment. And he saved every one of them. "I had a lot of problems," Aaron said, understating the anguish the hate-mongers put him through. "It was something that happened and it happened not that long ago in America. People say, 'Why do you keep the letters? Why not tear them up?' You can't do that. Eventually, my children and my grandchildren should see them because they are history. "It's like the Holocaust. People hear the story and they say, 'Show me evidence. Well, this happened to me and here's the evidence. All the letters are in a safe deposit box." The story of Aaron's long, lonely pursuit of Ruth's record is revisited in "Chasing The Dream,' a documentary produced by Turner Broadcasting and premiering Wednesday. Oscar-winning actor Denzel Washington was one of the executive producers in the project. MAJORT IN Aaron's career began at a time when the civil rights movement was in its 1954 infancy. He came to the majors in 1954, the year the U.S. Supreme Court struck down the concept of separate but equal in the case of Brown vs. the Board of Education. yr BROWN V PHOTOCOPY preservation Runs Ty Cobb ('05-128) 2,246 At Bats - Pete Rose (163-86) 14,053 - PAGE 16 189TH STORY of Level 1 printed in FULL format. Copyright 1994 Globe Newspaper Company The Boston Globe August 4, 1994, Thursday, Edition SECTION: SPORTS; Pg. 39 LENGTH: 2625 words HEADLINE: HAMMERIN' HANK; BASEBALL'S LIVING LEGENDS BYLINE: By Larry Whiteside, Globe Staff DATELINE: ATLANTA HAMMONIN HAVE AARIN BODY: His desire for respect has always been intense. It began in an era of racial hatred; it survives as a matter of racial and personal pride. After a 23-year playing career, highlighted by a roller-coaster ride to the major league career home run record Hammerin' Hank Aaron is not resting on his laurels as a baseball celebrity. At 60, Aaron could roam the country as a Hall of Famer, a living reminder that he holds baseball's most prestigious record - 755 career home runs. Instead, he travels the globe as an international ambassador for amateur baseball on behalf of the Turner Broadcasting System, where he is a vice president for business development. Henry Aaron is what baseball legends are all about HANK-YOU ARE WHAT BASEBALL "I feel that I have had a very good career,' says Aaron. "Both in and out of baseball. It's been great at TBS. I think baseball has finally come around to recognizing some of the contributions I've made." Nge age Along the way, Aaron rose from the ashes of the dying Negro leagues as a skinny shortstop with a habit for hitting line drives, to a home run and RBI machine, to a place in history and a plaque in Cooperstown. By the time his career ended in 1976, he was the most prolific home run hitter in major league history. But he was also baseball's most abused and maligned player. Some people still haven t forgiven him for eclipsing Babe Ruth's home run record of 714 In addition to breaking the home run mark, Aaron owns the record for runs batted in (2,297) and is second in runs (2,174) and at-bats (12,364) and third in hits (3,771) and games (3) 298). native of Mobile, Ala. Aaron was a black pioneer, along with Larry Doby, BORN Roy Campanella, Willie Mays and Frank Robinson, all of whom came to the majors MOBILE in the years after Jackie Robinson broke the color barrier. All but Doby reached the Hall of Fame, but Aaron's climb was special. He was the best. And he had ALA The Boston Globe, August 4, 1994 the highest obstacle to climb: racial bigotry. Longevity was the key to his career. Aaron played 21 years with the Braves, (AROON starting in Milwaukee and moving with the club to Atlanta. At the urging of Brewers owner Bud Selig, he returned to Milwaukee to finish his career in the city in which he led the Braves to their only World Series championship (1957). Aaron's .305 career average may not match Ruth's .342. But Aaron, who played one year longer than the Babe, had 898 more hits. "He was sort of like a machine in everything he did, recalls Montreal Expos manager Felipe Alou, who was a teammate in both Milwaukee and Atlanta. "You knew he was going to deliver. He didn't care about hitting the ball far; he wanted to hit it hard and let everything else take care of itself. "He was a man of his time, although this was not an era when players were really active. Management had tremendous power. But he survived and became a great, great player." Boston missed out Aaron almost played for Boston. He signed with the Boston Braves and spent 1952 with the Eau Claire, Wis., minor league team. But in 1953, with Aaron still a year away from making his major league debut, the Braves moved to Milwaukee. Aaron played 122 games for Milwukee in 1954 and spent 11 more years there before the Braves moved to Atlanta after the 1965 season. Although Aaron returned to Milwaukee in 1976 and finished his playing career with the Brewers, he has ended up back in Atlanta, where he has been a part of the Braves organization ever since. Aaron served in a variety of roles with the franchise in the '70s and '80s, from farm director to director of player personnel. His world these days revolves around a desk in the CNN Center, where he works as a vice president for TBS and the Braves, both owned by Ted Turner, and is a member of the board of directors of both corporations. Rather than retire on his laurels in 1976, Aaron spent the next 13 years CNN deeply involved in player development, something no black executive had done before. His benefactor was Turner, who didn't even own the Braves when Aaron was at his peak. "I owe an awful lot to Ted," says Aaron. "He didn't owe me nothing. I played for other Braves owners for 21 years and I had finished my contract. He didn't have to hire me. "I could have had a career in Milwaukee, where they offered me a job after I finished my career there. But I am a Southerner. My roots are here. Ted gave me the opportunity to work at a higher level. I'll always appreciate that." His rise to executive status in Atlanta is what separates Aaron from other legends, black and white. As a black player, he knew prejudice firsthand. But never did he expect an outpouring of racial hatred just because he was a black man taking away Ruth's cherished home run title. PAGE 18 The Boston Globe, August 4, 1994 Aaron hit No. 715 against the Dodgers and lefthander Al Downing on April 8 AL 1974. But he had to pay a dear price that left scars. Fans turned against his efforts, writing scathing letters, and police protection was required at one DOWNIN point. During the height of the frenzy over his quest for the record, Aaron was said to have received about 930,000 pieces of mail. The most threatening were turned over to the FBI. "This was supposed to be the greatest time of my life,' says Aaron. "They cut a piece of my heart out." Aaron has never compared himself to Ruth, physically or otherwise. He no longer gets hate mail, but he must choose his words carefully during interviews, lest the insults start all over again. In April, major league baseball decided to have a week-long celebration of the 20th anniversary of Aaron's 715th home run. Ceremonies were held in ballparks throughout the country. "A lot of people didn't understand me," Aaron told a reporter at the time. "Some of them still don't understand me. Some of them view me as a very angry person. That is just not true. I try to tell people I don't have time for that. "Somebody asked me if baseball was good to me. I was as good to baseball as baseball was to me. I think I was better to baseball than baseball was to me. But my life has moved up to another level." Aaron's executive days started in October 1976. He took the job of farm director for Atlanta, joining his brother-in-law, Bill Lucas, who would soon become baseball's first black general manager. After Lucas died in 1978, some felt Aaron would quickly disappear from the game. Instead, he became even more active, helping to build the foundation that led to the 1982 Braves club that won the National League West. The best Brave of that era was outfielder Dale Murphy, who won Most Valuable Player Awards in 1982 and '83. Murphy constantly credits the patience of Aaron and his brother Tommie, a Triple A manager, as the key to his success. He helped build Braves HALL OF MAT FAME Aaron was voted into baseball's Hall of Fame in 1982. He turned down several attractive offers, choosing to remain with the Braves. "I could have been a lot of things," says Aaron. "I was offered the manager's job and turned it down. I chose to stay in player development, where I was very happy. I know a lot of other people have been credited for the Braves' success in the last three years. But many of those players were in the system when I stepped away from the baseball operation in 1990. "The decision to leave was mine. I felt I had made some progress and wanted to go up a notch to the corporate level. Things have worked out fine. I stay very busy.' But Aaron stays out of current Atlanta leadership. He worked under Bobby Cox, who had managed the Braves from 1978 to '81 before coming back in 1986 as general manager. In October 1990, the Braves hired John Schuerholz as executive vice president and general manager, with Cox returning to the field. The more PAGE 19 The Boston Globe, August 4, 1994 success the team enjoyed, the less visible was Aaron. Again, that was his decision. "I had only brief contact with Hank in the early days," says Schuerholz. "There were a lot of the young guys he saw come up through the organization, so I wanted to get the benefit of his judgment. We visited more often because he was around that first year. In the last three years or so, he really hasn't been here. He's been over at TBS." The young players included pitchers Tom Glavine and John Smoltz, outfielders David Justice and Ron Gant, and infielder Mark Lemke. Aaron had made an impresssion on them. "When I signed," says Justice, "I thought it was great just knowing Hank was in the organization. If you had a problem, you could go to him with that problem. I see him like I see Dr. J Julius Erving, like Willie Stargell, like Jackie Robinson - great men who were great players in their respective sports, and great men off the field. Adds Smoltz, "I never really understood his total role, but I liked him. He was a vice president in player development, and I knew he was part of the group that influenced things. He was more than a hero. He was a guy I just couldn't imagine pitching to. That's the thought that kept coming into my mind when I met him." Schuerholz points out that under Cox, the Braves' farm system grew because of the efforts of both Aaron and Paul Snyder, then director of scouting. Schuerholz and Cox make it clear that Aaron played a key role in Atlanta's recent success, but add that credit usually goes to the organization, not just one individual. "Every general manager in baseball knows that the Braves in Bobby Cox' regime had acquired and accumulated a very talented corps of players," says Schuerholz. "Hank was on that staff, as was Snyder. "I never really knew Hank, and still don't in some respects. But I'm a baseball fan. My view is one of great admiration and respect for one of the greatest players in the game. He is a legend. "The Braves truly appreciate Henry Aaron, not only for what he has meant to the Braves but to baseball with his contributions. There is a great admiration and respect that is pretty well signified by Ted Turner's decision to have him on the boards of both corporations." Says Cox, "Hank was great when I came back here very supportive. But he's changed jobs, and I don't see him now but maybe once a month. We'd love to see him come around more often. But he's busy. Aaron has been more active in other roles, including participation in programs run by the International Baseball Association, the world governing body for amateur baseball. He has represented TBS at the Goodwill Games. He consistently has spoken out for racial justice in baseball. In 1991, Aaron helped bring about a reunion that brought the Negro league players to Cooperstown. "That reunion was the greatest moment I've ever been a PAGE 20 The Boston Globe, August 4, 1994 part of, " he says. "We knew about Satchel Paige, Josh Gibson and Ernie Banks. I was happy for the guys that day, because many of them were SO talented, yet never got a chance to play in the major leagues. The Negro leagues were great, but it was still moving up a notch to come to the major leagues. I think many of them could have made it." Commissioner Aaron? From time to time, Aaron has attempted to step into a larger arena. After the departure of the past three baseball commissioners - Peter Ueberroth, Bart Giamatti and Fay Vincent - he has offered his services for the job. Each time, he has been politely turned down by the screening committee. One day, maybe. "I was disappointed that I wasn't even considered,' says Aaron. "But I wasn't surprised. Ironically, we talked about some of the things that were on the table today. A salary cap, expansion and expanded playoffs. I still think there should be a strong commissioner." Aaron believes the '50s, when he led the Braves to pennants in Milwaukee, the '60s and even theet leader of great athletes in a time when players really needed one. "Hank was such a dedicated person," says Alou. "I mean, really loyal to the game, despite what was going on around him. We were all, for the most part, like that. Guys who didn't say much, who showed up every day, played for very little money, who played hard and tried to entertain the fans. That was Hank every day." People should never underrate his skills, adds Alou. "His strength was that he was a career .305 player who hit almost 800 home runs," says Alou. "And he was a very good defensive outfielder. Maybe he never hit 50 homers in a season, but not too many are going to do that, except for maybe this year. That shows you how consistent he was. "There still is no one like him as a hitter. You could never tell he was going for a home run. He had a good swing, which he showed on every at-bat. Sometimes he just hit line drives. Sometimes he hit it out. Hank was a legitimate home run hitter, but also a legitimate good hitter." And there may never be anybody like him again. CAREER HIGHLIGHTS Born Feb. 5, 1934, in Mobile, Ala. - Batted right and threw right. - During his playing career, Aaron stood 6 feet tall and weighed 180 pounds. - He is the leading home run hitter in major league history. He surpassed Babe Ruth's mark of 714 when he hit one out against Los Angeles' Al Downing on April 8, 1974 at Atlanta. - He is first in career RBIs, second in runs scored, third in hits, third in games played and ninth in doubles. - Holds the career record for total bases (6,856) - Named National League Most Valuable Player in 1957. - Led league in homers four times (1957, 1963, 1966, 1967) - Led league in RBIs four times (1957, 1960, 1963, 1966) - Hit .300 or better 14 times and captured two PAGE 2 1ST STORY of Level 1 printed in FULL format. Copyright 1999 The Atlanta Constitution The Atlanta Journal and Constitution February 4, 1999, Thursday CONSTITUTION EDITION SECTION: SPORTS; Pg. 01D LENGTH: 1039 words SERIES: Home HEADLINE: Joy in record came slowly to Aaron; Healing for Hank: Homer king gets tribute Friday in what he says could be his "happiest" moment. BYLINE: Carroll Rogers BODY: It's hard to imagine now how little that Hank Aaron liked to talk or think about The Record in the years after he surpassed Babe Ruth as baseball's home-run king. Though he had 755 reasons to feel he was on top of the world, he often just wanted to get away from the world and the racial hatred that marred his climb to break Ruth's career mark of 714 home runs. "A lot of things went on back then you want to erase," Aaron said. "That's one of the reasons I don't talk about it as much as I should. But it's over with, done with. Now maybe some good things can come out of it." Twenty-five years later, Aaron is ready to embrace that time, place and accomplishment and the sport that allowed him to achieve it. And the feeling is mutual. Beginning with a 65th birthday gala on Friday night in Atlanta, Major League Baseball will pay tribute to Aaron this season and to the 25th anniversary of About the year he broke Ruth's career record. Friday's expected guests at the Hyatt Regency Hotel include President Clinton, the Rev. Jesse Jackson, Gov. Roy Gales Barnes, former Gov. Zell Miller, Mayor Bill Campbell, former Mayor and U.N. Ambassador Andrew Young, Larry King, Bob Costas, Frank Robinson, Ernie Banks, Al Downing, Sammy Sosa and baseball commissioner Bud Selig. "This is probably going to be the happiest moment of my life, Aaron said. And, yes, it will help make up for what should have been one of the happiest times of his life, when he hit his 715th home run off Downing on April 8, 1974. A crowd of nearly 54,000 in Atlanta-Fulton County Stadium and countless fans watching on TV saw the two fans jog alongside Aaron on his home-run trot, the one embrace between Aaron and his mother at home plate and the joy of his Braves teammates But what they couldn't see was Aaron's overwhelming sense of relief, day and the lingering pain, pounded into his memory by a barrage of racially charged hate mail and threats. His wife, Billye, knew it well. She knew that her husband felt the rejection. Princeton University Phone Book - Query Results http://www.princeton.edu/cgi-bin/P.isher&Odepartment=&Qemail-&Qphone= Kristin Wheat Fisher Student_phone: n/a Student_address: n/a Department: Undergraduate Class of 2001 Email: [email protected] Emailbox: [email protected] Voicemailbox: 35894 Alias: 000927348 Return to the top. Rebecca Fisher Haarlow Student_phone: n/a Student_address: n/a Department: Undergraduate Class of 2001 Email: [email protected] Emailbox: [email protected] Voicemailbox: 37163 Alias: 000954142 Return to the top. Doris R Fisher Phone: 609-258-4201 Fax: 609-258-1367 Address: 306 Fine Hall Department: Mathematics Email: [email protected] Emailbox: [email protected] Alias: 010002521 Return to the top. Heidi A Fisher Phone: 609-258-5415 Fax: 609-258-0441 Address: Firestone Library Department: Library Email: [email protected] Emailbox: [email protected] Alias: 010003044 3 of 4 2/5/99 11:06 AM Document No. WHITE HOUSE STAFFING MEMORANDUM Date: 2/4/99 ACTION / CONCURRENCE / COMMENT DUE BY: 9:30a.m. TOMORROW Subject: MICROENTERPRISE REMARKS ACTION FYI ACTION FYI VICE PRESIDENT NASH PODESTA REED ECHAVESTE RUFF RICCHETTI SOSNIK LEW SPERLING BEGALA STEIN BERGER STERN BLUMENTHAL STREETT FRAMPTON TRAMONTANO IBARRA VERVEER KLAIN WALDMAN LANE YELLEN LEWIS ORSZAG LINDSEY KATZEN LOCKHART SPECTOR MARSHALL MOORE REMARKS: COMMENTS To JUNE SHIH RESPONSE: Staff Secretary's Office staffing WPD 1/4/99 Ext. 62702 Draft 2/4/99 Shih PRESIDENT WILLIAM J. CLINTON REMARKS FOR EXCELLENCE IN MICROENTERPRISE AWARDS THE WHITE HOUSE FEBRUARY 5, 1999 For more than two centuries, America has drawn its strength from the entrepreneurial spirit of our people. From the T-shirt vendors here on the streets of Washington to the software engineers of Silicon Valley to the bankers of Manhattan, we are a nation built by people of talent and vision, people with the courage to take risks and pursue their dreams. These Presidential Awards for Excellence in Microenterprise Develepment celebrate that spirit. And even more important, they underscore our national commitment to unleashing the spirit of enterprise in every corner of every community in America -- especially those long closed off from credit, jobs and economic opportunity. Today, we have a rare opportunity and an obligation to make good on that commitment. We are living in a time of unprecedented prosperity. It is the longest peacetime economic expansion in American history. [Job numbers TK] The lowest peacetime unemployment rate since 1957; wages rising at twice the rate of inflation; the highest home ownership in history. For the past six years, we've worked to bring prosperity to some of our most distressed communities with a new vision of government. It is a vision focused on one fundamental goal -- to empower our people with the tools to make the most of their own lives. Nothing better embodies this new vision of government, nor better conveys our faith in the entrepreneurial spirit of our people, than our efforts to promote microenterprise. For more than a decade -- ever since we met a remarkable man from Bangladesh named Mohamed Yunus -- Hillary and I have been convinced of the revolutionary possibilities of a simple idea: That small amounts of credit can enable citizens to start small businesses and lift their families out of the margins of society into the economic mainstream. Through our network of community development banks, or CDFIs, a strengthened and streamlined the Community Reinvestment Act, and empowerment zones, we have worked to kindle the spark of private enterprise in depressed communities across America. We have helped thousands of Americans who wouldn't qualify for a commercial loan secure credit to start new businesses fixing cars, making jewelry, selling cookies -- businesses that could free a family from welfare, create jobs for neighbors, and reclaim communities of empty storefronts from decay and decline. We must build on all these efforts. Last month, I announced a New Markets Initiative to spur even more private investment in our underserved areas, building a bridge from Wall Street to Harlem to Appalachia to Pine Ridge, S.D. Today, I am proud to announce a new plan in my balanced budget that more than doubles our support for microenterprise in America -- and to continue our efforts to promote microenterprise abroad -- especially in nations hard hit by the global financial crisis and natural disaster. First, we must recognize that for the vast majority of microentrepreneurs, good ideas and credit are just the beginning. A little guidance -- lessons on accounting, billing, planning -- is essential for any business to thrive in our complex economy. That is why my balanced budget doubles the Small Business Administration's capacity to provide such assistance to borrowers through its Microloan Program; and triples support for the SBA's One-Stop Capital Shops -- which offer microlending advice and other economic assistance to citizens living in disadvantaged communities. I am also proud to support the bipartisan Program for Investments in Microentrepeneurs -- the PRIME Act sponsored by Sen. Domenici and Kennedy, and Reps. Rush and Leach -- so that we can expand technical assistance programs through the Treasury's CDFI fund. Second, we must make even more credit available to low-income Americans with good business ideas. That is why I am proposing to double our support for the SBA's microloan program so that it can leverage more than $75 million dollars in new microloans across the country. Third, we must expand our efforts to encourage Americans to save for their own futures. Last year, I was proud to sign new Individual Development Accounts into law, fulfilling a campaign pledge from 1992. IDAs are special accounts that provide federal matching funds to low-income Americans who save money to start a new businesses, buy a first home, pay for a college education. I propose doubling support for these accounts in my balanced budget. Next -- we will continue leading the world, through USAID, in promoting microenterprise as a tool for lifting millions of families out of poverty. The recent global financial crisis and the hurricanes in Central America and the Caribbean have upended the lives of thousands. Small loans to start new businesses can make all difference in helping families get back on their feet. My balanced budget will target extra microenterprise assistance to these countries. And to break down the bureaucratic walls that block microenterprise in many developing countries, we will also continue to work with the World Bank and other financial institutions to reform regulatory structures and make more microloans available. Finally, we must continue to shine a spotlight on all the good work that is being done to help more Americans experience the transforming power of credit and self-employment. That is, of course, the reason we are here today. Hillary and I are very pleased to present these Presidential Awards for Excellence in Microenterprise Development to six organizations whose innovation, vision and commitment have made a difference in the lives of thousands. First, for excellence in the category of "Access to Capital," the Microcredit Industry Rural Organization of PPEP [pep] Microbusiness and Housing Development Corporation. Since 1987, MICRO [MEE-crow] has provided some $5.5 million in loans to more than 1,000 entrepreneurs living in some of the most distressed Hispanic communities of rural Arizona. Nearly 80 percent of these businesses are still thriving. Accepting this award is Executive Director Frank Ballesteros [Buy-uh-STAIR-ose] and entrepreneur Maria Jesus Gaxiola [HAY- soos Guh-HYOH-lah] -- a MICRO client and former migrant farm worker who used a $1500 loan to build her own cosmetics business. Next, for excellence in "Developing Entrepreneurial Skills," the Detroit Entrepreneurship Institute. Founded at Wayne State University, the Institute has worked to teach low-income clients the full range of business skills: from reading financial statements to buying insurance to managing time and stress. Clients can also take advantage of a free computer center, tax preparation service and graphic design department to help launch and expand their businesses. Accepting this award is Cathy McClelland, President and CEO, and entrepreneur Jacqueline [Jack uh lin] Tucker, who started a successful catering business after training at the Institute. Also for excellence in "Developing Entrepreneurial Skills," the Northeast Entrepreneur Fund of Virginia, Minnesota. Serving rural communities throughout a 20,000-square mile area, the fund offers one-on-one counseling to clients, helping them gain the specific skills they need to make their businesses thrive. Accepting this award is the fund's president Mary Mathews, and entrepreneur Carol Willoughby. For excellence in "Poverty Alleviation," the Institute for Social and Economic Development of Iowa. One of the earliest statewide microenterprise efforts in the nation, the institute has helped 90 percent of its welfare clients free themselves from lives of dependency through self-employment. Accepting this award today is John Else, Founder and President of ISED and entrepreneur Rhonda Auten, a former welfare recipient who started her own dance school with help from ISED. For excellence in "Private Support for Microenterprise Development," the Corporation for Enterprise Development. For 20 years now, CED has had one mission: Closing the poverty gap in America. Through research, public advocacy and technical assistance to microenterprise organizations, the Corporation has fostered so much of the progress we see today -- including the success of three of this years' award winners, the Detroit Entrepreneurship Institute, The Institute for Social and Economic Development, and the Northeast Entrepreneurship Fund. Accepting this award is Robert Friedman, Founder and Chairman. Also for "Excellence in Public Support for Microenterprise Development," The Montana Microbusiness Finance Program. As part of the Montana Department of Commerce, this program has helped launch and sustain a dozen microlending organizations serving communities throughout their vast state. Accepting this award are Program Officer Robyn Hampton, and entrepreneurs Kevin and Heidi Snyder, who used a microloan to start their racquetball and fitness center. I congratulate each and every one of you on your success. The great entrepreneur Henry Ford said that the best Americans were those with "an infinite capacity to not know what can't be done." You are those Americans -- testaments to power of the American spirit of enterprise. Let us all work together in the years to come to awaken that spirit in every single citizen of this land. distracted from my goal." Hank, that is why we're here today -- n it only to honor your records, but to recognize your commitment to your Atlanta Braves. your community, and to all of us for whom you are still a hero. Thank you, Henry, for that exampl : for your steady voice for equality, integrity and change -- and for the standard you continue to set for all of out here in the stands. JAN-26-1999 16:41 FAX 2024561907 01/29/19 FEL COS 002 Suggested text for videotaped greeting from President Clinton to Henry Aaron: Thank your Iam. I'm proud to join in this evening of celebration and tribute to one of my heroes. Like all of you, I grew up admiring Henry Aaron from a distance bridged mostly by radio and television and newspapers. When I think of him then, I remember myself much younger, waiting for him to come up in the batting order, holding my breath as the ball left the pitcher's hand, hoping that magic swing would connect, and the record number would climb by one more run. It was a wonderful time for baseball, and a wonderful time to be a bid in love with the game and awed by its gients. In recent years, I've come to know Henry as a personal friend. He is still a hero of mine, as a business leader; as the guiding spirit of the Chasing The Dream Foundation: and as a gentle but steady voice for equality, integrity and change. Hillary and I have been proud to host Billye and him in the White House on numerous occasions. But I have to admit that every time I see Heruy, for just a second or TWO, I'm a kid again. and he is on some distant field, waiting, bat in hand, to define greatness for me one more time. Thank you, Herry, for that example, and for the standard you continue to set for all of us out here in the stands. TOTAL P.02 Draft 2/4/99 7pm Josh Gottheimer PRESIDENT WILLIAM J. CLINTON REMARKS FOR HANK AARON GALA ATLANTA, GA February 5, 1999 Acknowledgments: Govs. Barnes and Miller; Reps. Joseph Kennedy, John Lewis; Sec. Herman; Mayors Campbell, Dow; Amb. Young; Rev. Jackson; NAACP President Mfume; Bob Costas (MC); Comm. Bud Selig (Major League Baseball); Ozzie Davis and Ruby Dee; Ted Turner; Jane Fonda; Gerald Levin; Dick Parsons; the Temptations; Jeffery Osborne; Ernie Banks; Sammy Sosa; Evander Holyfield; Ken Griffey, Sr; Reggie Jackson; Dave Winfield It is a privilege to be with you this evening to celebrate Hank Aaron's 65th Birthday -- and to launch Major League Baseball's year-long salute to one of the most dramatic moments in sports history -- Hammerin' Hank Aaron's 715th homerun. America's favorite pastime was built on legendary feats -- Ty Cobb's 4,189 hits; Cal Ripkins' 2,632 consecutive games, and, just this year, Mark McGwire's 70 homeruns and Sammy Sosa's 66th. But who could forget that historic night on April 8, 1974 before a sold-out crowd at Atlanta's Fulton County stadium, when Hank Aaron launched number 715 -- and smashed Babe Ruth's 38-year-old record. That night might have marked Hank Aaron's crowning achievement. But it was only one feat in a career full of accomplishment. Hank continues to hold more Major League batting records than any other player in history -- from 2,297 RBIs to 3,771 career hits to 755 career home runs. But perhaps the most impressive thing about Hank Aaron is not what he did in the majors. It was the way he got there. Hank's mythic rise from Alabama sandlot sensation to Major League home-run king represents American greatness in the face of adversity. He was determined to reach the Majors. Nothing was going to hold him back. Not an opposing pitcher, not an outfield full of all-stars, and -- least of all -- not the prejudice that prevailed during his earliest days at bat. Hank Aaron was the first African-American to play in the South Atlantic League -- the Saly League -- deep in the heart of the segregated South. Although Jackie Robinson had broken the color barrier into the Majors less than a decade before, there were still only a few blacks in baseball. But, in 1954, Hank Aaron's dedication and skill catapulted him into the professional ranks -- the same year the Supreme Court struck down the practice of separate but equal in Brown V. Board of Education. Hank spent his first 12 years in Milwaukee, and helped lead the Braves to two pennants, before the franchise relocated to Atlanta for the '66 season. He made it all look so easy on the field. So effortless. But few of us knew the challenges Hank Aaron faced off the diamond. Throughout his career, Hank was often forced to drink from "colored only" water fountains; sleep in hotels separate from the team; and eat at segregated restaurants. And even as he neared Ruth's record, Hank Aaron received thousands upon thousands of death threats. But as Hank himself said, "I had a job to do, and I stuck with the plan. I was not going to be distracted from my goal." Your career didn't end when you hung up your jersey in 1976. You're still breaking barriers even today. Since then, as an executive and with your Chasing the Dream Foundation, you've been a tireless advocate for fair treatment both to baseball players and to all Americas. Hank, that is why we're here today -- not only to honor your records, but to recognize who you are as a person -- your steady voice for equality, integrity and change -- and the standard you continue to set for all of us out here in the stands. Thank you for all you have given to your team, your community and your country. 2 Draft 2/4/99 7pm Josh Gottheimer PRESIDENT WILLIAM J. CLINTON REMARKS FOR HANK AARON GALA ATLANTA, GA February 5, 1999 Acknowledgments: Govs. Barnes and Miller; Reps. Joseph Kennedy, John Lewis; Sec. Herman; Mayors Campbell, Dow; Amb. Young; Rev. Jackson; NAACP President Mfume; Bob Costas (MC); Comm. Bud Selig (Major League Baseball); Ozzie Davis and Ruby Dee; Ted Turner; Jane Fonda; Gerald Levin; Dick Parsons; the Temptations; Jeffery Osborne; Ernie Banks; Sammy Sosa; Evander Holyfield; Ken Griffey, Sr; Reggie Jackson; Dave Winfield It is a privilege to be with you this evening to celebrate Hank Aaron's 65th Birthday -- and to launch Major League Baseball's year-long salute to one of the most dramatic moments in sports history -- Hammerin' Hank Aaron's 715th homerun. America's favorite pastime was built on legendary feats -- Ty Cobb's 4,189 hits; Cal Ripkins' 2,632 consecutive games, and, just this year, Mark McGwire's 70 homeruns and Sammy Sosa's 66th. But who could forget that historic night on April 8, 1974 before a sold-out crowd at Atlanta's Fulton County stadium, when Hank Aaron launched number 715 -- and smashed Babe Ruth's 38-year-old record. That night might have marked Hank Aaron's crowning achievement. But it was only one feat in a career full of accomplishment. Hank continues to hold more Major League batting records than any other player in history -- from 2,297 RBIs to 3,771 career hits to 755 career home runs. But perhaps the most impressive thing about Hank Aaron is not what he did in the majors. It was the way he got there. Hank's mythic rise from Alabama sandlot sensation to Major League home-run king represents American greatness in the face of adversity. He was determined to reach the Majors. Nothing was going to hold him back. Not an opposing pitcher, not an outfield full of all-stars, and -- least of all -- not the prejudice that prevailed during his earliest days at bat. Hank Aaron was the first African-American to play in the South Atlantic League -- the Saly League -- deep in the heart of the segregated South. Although Jackie Robinson had broken the color barrier into the Majors less than a decade before, there were still only a few blacks in baseball. But, in 1954, Hank Aaron's dedication and skill catapulted him into the professional ranks -- the same year the Supreme Court struck down the practice of separate but equal in Brown V. Board of Education. Hank spent his first 12 years in Milwaukee, and helped lead the Draft 2/4/99 7pm Josh Gottheimer PRESIDENT WILLIAM J. CLINTON REMARKS FOR HANK AARON GALA ATLANTA, GA February 5, 1999 Acknowledgments: Govs. Barnes and Miller; Reps. Joseph Kennedy, John Lewis; Sec. Herman; Mayors Campbell, Dow; Amb. Young; Rev. Jackson; NAACP President Mfume; Bob Costas (MC); Comm. Bud Selig (Major League Baseball); Ozzie Davis and Ruby Dee; Ted Turner; Jane Fonda; Gerald Levin; Dick Parsons; the Temptations; Jeffery Osborne; Ernie Banks; Sammy Sosa; Evander Holyfield; Ken Griffey, Sr; Reggie Jackson; Dave Winfield It is a privilege to be with you this evening to celebrate Hank Aaron's 65th Birthday -- and to launch Major League Baseball's year-long salute to one of the most dramatic moments in sports history -- Hammerin' Hank Aaron's 715th homerun. America's favorite pastime was built on legendary feats -- Ty Cobb's 4,189 hits; Cal Ripkins' 2,632 consecutive games, and, just this year, Mark McGwire's 70 homeruns and Sammy Sosa's 66th. But who could forget that historic night on April 8, 1974 before a sold-out crowd at Atlanta's Fulton County stadium, when Hank Aaron launched number 715 -- and smashed Babe Ruth's 38-year-old record. That night might have marked Hank Aaron's crowning achievement. But it was only one feat in a career full of accomplishment. Hank continues to hold more Major League batting records than any other player in history -- from 2,297 RBIs to 3,771 career hits to 755 career home runs. But perhaps the most impressive thing about Hank Aaron is not what he did in the majors. It was the way he got there. Hank's mythic rise from Alabama sandlot sensation to Major League home-run king represents American greatness in the face of adversity. He was determined to reach the Majors. Nothing was going to hold him back. Not an opposing pitcher, not an outfield full of all-stars, and -- least of all -- not the prejudice that prevailed during his earliest days at bat. Hank Aaron was the first African-American to play in the South Atlantic League -- the Saly League -- deep in the heart of the segregated South. Although Jackie Robinson had broken the color barrier into the Majors less than a decade before, there were still only a few blacks in baseball. But, in 1954, Hank Aaron's dedication and skill catapulted him into the professional ranks -- the same year the Supreme Court struck down the practice of separate but equal in Brown V. Board of Education. Hank spent his first 12 years in Milwaukee, and helped lead the Braves to two pennants, before the franchise relocated to Atlanta for the '66 season. He made it all look so easy on the field. So effortless. But few of us knew the challenges Hank Aaron faced off the diamond. Throughout his career, Hank was often forced to drink from "colored only" water fountains; sleep in hotels separate from the team; and eat at segregated restaurants. And even as he neared Ruth's record, Hank Aaron received thousands upon thousands of death threats. But as Hank himself said, "I had a job to do, and I stuck with the plan. I was not going to be distracted from my goal." Your career didn't end when you hung up your jersey in 1976. You're still breaking barriers even today. Since then, as an executive and with your Chasing the Dream Foundation, you've been a tireless advocate for fair treatment both to baseball players and to all Americas. Hank, that is why we're here today -- not only to honor your records, but to recognize who you are as a person -- your steady voice for equality, integrity and change -- and the standard you continue to set for all of us out here in the stands. Thank you for all you have given to your team, your community and your country. 2 Hank Aaron: Chasing the Dream Aaron Interview http://tbssuperstation.com/hankaaron/Aaron7.htm. Aaron's work with the Braves really began to pay off in 1990, when one of his prospects, David Justice, was named Rookie of the Year, and the farm system pitching was considered some of the best in baseball. The following year, that phenomenal pitching and several other key players took the Braves to the World Series for the first time since 1958, and although they lost to the Minnesota Twins, the 1991 World Series is considered by many baseball fans to be the best ever played. TMAT AARON Today, Aaron divides his time among many jobs. For Turner Broadcasting, he serves as corporate vice president of community relations and as a member of the TBS Board of Directors. He also serves as vice president of business development for The Airport Network, which provides customized news and information programming at airports around the United States. And he continues to serve as senior vice president and assistant to the president for the Atlanta Braves. Aaron also spends a great deal of time working with young baseball hopefuls from underprivileged Atlanta communities. The Hank Aaron Rookie League, coordinated with the Atlanta Housing Authority, has gotten many youngsters off the street and on the playing field. He has also worked extensively with the Big Brothers and Big Sisters organizations. "Many young people are frustrated when they can't be successful in sports. How many times have you seen some of our gifted young athletes go and play for two or three years and then get into drugs or something? I'm really proud that I've been able to go beyond just being a baseball player and help young people. It gives me a chance to broaden my scope and let people know that I am concerned about the next generation." But Aaron, in his ever-humble way, insists on not classifying himself as a role model simply because of his athletic abilities. "Role models are something you have to be careful about. Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. is a role model; Abraham Lincoln is a role model. A teacher can be a role model. My mother is a role model to my seven brothers and sisters. I played baseball. I just happened to have a gift that I was blessed with. But Henry Aaron the baseball player is not necessarily a role model." In 1993, as the 20th anniversary of Aaron's 715th home run approached, writer-producer-director Mike Tollin of Tollin/Robbins Productions began developing an idea to bring the Aaron story to the screen in a documentary told through Aaron's own words. Tollin took the idea first to Mundy Lane Entertainment, Oscar®-winning actor Denzel Washington's production company headed up by producer Debra Martin Chase. Washington said he would only go forward on the project if he had a chance to sit down and talk with Aaron face-to-face. The two had met some years earlier during an awards ceremony at Morehouse College. After Washington's meeting with Aaron, HANK AARON: CHASING THE DREAM was given the green light. TBS Productions joined the project in early 1994, as did Television Production Partners, who helped secure a number of sponsorship deals-including AT&T, Campbell's, Clorox, MacDonald's and General Motors--to make the project a success. "HANK AARON: CHASING THE DREAM really sets the record straight on who Henry Aaron is, where he came from, what kind of person he is, what trials and tribulations he had to go through," Aaron says. "I think this is a tremendous documentary for people to see and really get to know who I am and what I stand for." (Biography I A Candid Talk with Hank I Cool Links I Hank & Denzel I Hank Aaron and the Philly Filmmaker Multimedia Gallery Oscar® Nomination Production Bios Production Credits Quotations Synopsis Timeline Trivia 3 of 4 1/29/99 2:24 PM POTUS - offers prayer or Rep. Hall does it 0:35- 10:45 Briefing All CLOSED PRESS World Leaders - List Maureen Shea Acknowledgements- Draft 2/4/99 7pm Josh Gottheimer PRESIDENT WILLIAM J. CLINTON REMARKS FOR HANK AARON GALA ATLANTA, GA February 5, 1999 Acknowledgments: Govs. Barnes and Miller; Reps. Joseph Kennedy, John Lewis; Sec. Herman; Mayors Campbell, Dow; Amb. Young; Rev. Jackson; NAACP President Mfume; Bob Costas (MC); Comm. Bud Selig (Major League Baseball); Ozzie Davis and Ruby Dee; Ted Turner; Jane Fonda; Gerald Levin; Dick Parsons; the Temptations; Jeffery Osborne; Ernie Banks; Sammy Sosa; Evander Holyfield; Ken Griffey, Sr; Reggie Jackson; Dave Winfield It is a privilege to be with you this evening to celebrate Hank Aaron's 65th Birthday -- and to launch Major League Baseball's year-long salute to one of the most dramatic moments in sports history -- Hammerin' Hank Aaron's 715th homerun. America's favorite pastime was built on legendary feats -- Ty Cobb's 4,189 hits; Cal Ripkins' 2.632 consecutive games, and, just this year, Mark McGwire's 70 homeruns and Sammy Sosa's 66th. But who could forget that historic night on April 8, 1974 before a sold-out crowd at Atlanta's Fulton County stadium, when Hank Aaron launched number 715 -- and smashed Babe Ruth's 38-year-old record. That night might have marked Hank Aaron's crowning achievement. But it was only one feat in a career full of accomplishment. Hank continues to hold more Major League batting records than any other player in history -- from 2,297 RBIs to 3,771 career hits to 755 career home runs. But perhaps the most impressive thing about Hank Aaron is not what he did in the majors. It was the way he got there. Hank's mythic rise from Alabama sandlot sensation to Major League home-run king represents American greatness in the face of adversity. He was determined to reach the Majors. Nothing was going to hold him back. Not an opposing pitcher, not an outfield full of all-stars, and -- least of all -- not the prejudice that prevailed during his earliest days at bat. Hank Aaron was the first African-American to play in the South Atlantic League -- the Saly League -- deep in the heart of the segregated South. Although Jackie Robinson had broken the color barrier into the Majors less than a decade before, there were still only a few blacks in baseball. But, in 1954, Hank Aaron's dedication and skill catapulted him into the professional ranks -- the same year the Supreme Court struck down the practice of separate but equal in Brown V. Board of Education. Hank spent his first 12 years in Milwaukee, and helped lead the Braves to two pennants, before the franchise relocated to Atlanta for the '66 season. He made it all look so easy on the field. So effortless. But few of us knew the challenges Hank Aaron faced off the diamond. Throughout his career, Hank was often forced to drink from "colored only" water fountains; sleep in hotels separate from the team; and eat at segregated restaurants. And even as he neared Ruth's record, Hank Aaron received thousands upon thousands of death threats. But as Hank himself said, "I had a job to do, and I stuck with the plan. I was not going to be distracted from my goal." Your career didn't end when you hung up your jersey in 1976. You're still breaking barriers even today. Since then, as an executive and with your Chasing the Dream Foundation, you've been a tireless advocate for fair treatment both to baseball players and to all Americas. Hank, that is why we're here today -- not only to honor your records, but to recognize who you are as a person -- your steady voice for equality, integrity and change -- and the standard you continue to set for all of us out here in the stands. Thank you for all you have given to your team, your community and your country. 2 FEB-04-1999 17:54 BASEBALL LIBRARY&ARCHIVE 607 547 4094 P.03 BALL continued from Page 1A wrote in "God's Country and Mine" in 1954. At 88, even this man's faith in base bull has been shaken by recent events. So shaken that the native Frenchman has come to question his own words. "My original remark refers hack to an ideal that's been pretty tarnished." Barzun told The Sun. "Like many oth- ers, 1 am very much dis- Illusioned. The gaine has really lost ils original charin. "We are reading more about busi- ness than about games. It's hard to say who is more responsible but it seems to be the general attitude, part of the whole culture that's sunk to greed, dis- honesty and corruption." Barzun seldom takes in a major league game anymore and only occa- sionally catches one on television in his Fifth Avenue apartment In Manhattan. He is not alone. Fans are staying away from big league parks in growing numbers. "Everyone's disgusted with it," says longtime Macon sportswriter Harley Bowers. Perhaps Barzun's words are more important today than when first penned. In Columbus, Macon, Augusta and Savannah, just maybe the players play as much for their hearts as their wal- lets and "owners" field a team on a dream and a promise from one year to the next, They all play host to Class A teains in the South Atlantic League. In Columbus, one might stroll the River Walk along the Chattahoochee before walking the few blocks to 100 Fourth Street and Golden Park to watch a Redstixx game. One might even decide to watch the game from the hot tub, where a rental fee of $100 includes eight tickets and M bottle of champagne. Then there's 11 kid named Andruw (not Andrew) Jones from Curacao, Netherland Antilles, who has wowed crowds in Macon with a rocket arm and 50 runs batted in In 50 games. Macon also is where sportswriter Bowers has toiled since the 1950s and takes full credit for getting professional baseball back in Macon four years ago. "The mayor left it all up to me," Bow. ers sald. Luther Williams Field in Macon is the second-oldest minor league ballpark (Greensboro, N.C., is oldest) so ithas to have a team. Judge Kenne- saw Mountain Landis, who as a hard- nosed commissioner of baseball for almost four decades, Is credited with restoring the game's integrity after the Black Sox Scandal, threw out the first ball when that park opened in 1929. In Augusta, for some strange reason, the Greenjackets are named after the most prestiglous prize in golf - victory at the Masters tournament. No matter, attendance is up 50 percent, partly be- cause of the major league strike and partly because there's a new stadium. Down State Road 25 there's a group of oldtimers, ranging in age from 70 to 90, who have been attending Savannah Cardinals games at Grayson Stadium (buill in 1941) for as long as they can remember. They have a general man- ager there named Rick Sisler, who comes from a long line or baseball Sislers. And a top relief pitcher named Frank Garcia who doesn't say much, just "smiles a lot." according to team spokesman Mitch Mann. Maybe these are among those small towns alluded to by Barzun where baseball continues to be the way he remembers it, the way It was taught to him by his fellow students at Columbia. The way he remembers It when he be- came a U.S. citizen In 1933. As Bowers said, "They don't catch every ground ball and strike every- body out." Sounds like fun and games. FEB-04-1999 17:54 BASEBALL LIBRARY&ARCHIVE 607 547 4094 P.04 FARM TEAM HAS INTERNATIONAL FLAVOR Future Braves nurtured in Macon Sun staff writer Jud Magrin is visiting small Braves and, for the time being, Ed and Mary cities in Georgia that are home to minor Holtz. league baseball teams. This is the third in a Ed and Mary have been kicking around series of reports from Macon, Columbus, Su- minor league baseball for 32 years, their vannah and Augusta. latest stop as general managers of the Macon By JUD MAGRIN Braves, the team in the South Atlantic League owned by the parent Atlanta ball club. Sun staff writer "This is the classification (Class A) 1 like," M ACON. Ga. - College Hill, the heart of Ed Holtz said. "I'm so disgusted with the Intown Historic District, rises multiyear contracts." gracefully out of the Ocmulgee River The Holtzes have raised five children in A League Valley in this town where music once ruled. minor lengue parks. They started in 1965 in Starting from the 1840 Victorian cottage Appleton, Wis., In the Midwest League. They of Our Own where poet and lawyer Sidney Lanter was were in Sumter, S.C., until the Braves moved born, it's about two miles down Cherry Street, that club to Macon in 1991. Once their chil- by old Terminal Station and across the Otis dren were old enough. the family ran the Redding Memorial Bridge to picturesque Lu- entire operation. ther Williams Field. It is home to the Macon See BASEBALL on Page GA The Gainesville Sun, Thursday, June 15, 1995 6A Jones, who, like teammate Sherton see him run a football," Holtz chuckled. BASEBALL Baseball: A road trip Rubenxy Saturnino, is from Curacao. On this night (the Braves lost 10-6 in He was discovered when he was a 14- l5 innings), Lombard had a roller- coaster performance. He hit a long Macon, Ga., at a glance year-old playing in Puerto Rico and continued from Page 1A Macon, was grabbed by the Braves out of T.C. home run, but he also dropped a foul Population: 120,000. "It's an entirely different ball game 251 miles SL Paulus Collegia High School. Jones pop that would have ended the game than working for a local owner," Holtz from Gainesville speaks English, Dutch, Spanish and a for a Macon victory - all as his father Minor league team: The Macon Braves, owned by the said as the Braves went to work Tues. local dialect of three Caribbean looked on. day night against the Albany Polecats. islands. The Macon Braves are a team of parent Atlanta Braves. Experts peg them as one of the most "We just send the bills to Atlanta and Atlania "They don't want to take me any incredible young talent. Experts say as talent-rich.and diverse teams in minor league ball. Telephone: 20 more in high school," Jones said in the many as eight of these guys have a (912) 745-8943. League: South Atlantic League. Baseball Park: they pay them," Holtz said. It also Macon dugout prior to Tuesday's legitimate shot at the major leagues. It Luther Williams Field, the second oldest park in minor league means, he said, that the local club has to take a lot of corporate guff with it. 85 16 game. "T'm only back there about a is the job of former major league baseball, built in 1929. It is in the National Historical Register. "Either way," he says, "it's a continu- month and return to West Palm Beach shortstop Nelson Norman to develop ous cycle. The name of the game is for the Instructional League." them. Major attractions: The soon-lo-be completed Georgia It's Jones' second professional Norman, a native of the now-farnous Music Hall of Fame with an impressive list of inductees set for sell." season. San Pedro de Macoris in the Domini- Luther Williams Stadium has held up 95 September. And be sure to stop and see Kitty Oliver, executive 75 well and just got a $400,000 face lift In all, the Macon Braves have play- can Republic, said. "I have to do a lot of director of the Middle Georgia Historical Society housed in following the 1994 flood that put it three GEORGIA ers from four foreign countries and 11 babysitting." Sidney Lanier's birthplace on High Street. The society has feet under water. It's a simple park N states. San Pedro de Macoris produces And George Lombard, the high shortstops, lots of major league short- done an outstanding job of preserving old homes. (the kind being copied throughout the JONI SCHMIDT/The Gainesville Sun major and minor leagues) where one school star out of Atlanta, must be stops. "All the kids concentrate on mentioned. He chose to sign a $400,000 playing short," the 38-year-old Norman can enjoy good baseball and a pitcher sional baseball, particularly in the of beer from the Suds Shack off the left- South Atlantic League. bonus with Atlanta instead of attending said. "When the scouts are down there, season, he managed the equivalent of a bridge named for him), Lena Horne Just last week 17-year-old Australian the University of Georgia, where foot- they say, 'I need an infielder. Let's go to Triple A team in the Dominican Re- and Cab Calloway. field foul line. The stadium is plopped down along shortstop Glenn Williams was shipped ball coach Ray Goff hoped to revive San Pedro.'' public that has seven American Just B couple of blocks from High off to the Eugene (Ore.) Emeralds, B the Bulldogs with him. Norman is the father of 12-year-old players. Street and Sidney Lanier's birthplace is the still-busy railroad tracks in Central short-season Class A Braves club. The Gator fans can breathe a sigh of twins and an 8-year-old boy. He former- "I just do this day by day. The the Pleasant Hill section of Macon. It is City Park where people also play soft- Atlanta Braves gave him an $800,000 relief. ly managed for the Montreal Expos advantage is I'll always have a job," he where "Little Richard" Penniman ball, sell cattle at the large Livestock Arena and attend the Georgia State bonus, but he wasn't quite ready for the Lombard can go from first to third team in West Palm Beach but switched said. grew up and was home to some of to the Braves because "I got a promo- Long before the Class A Braves, Macon's most influential black leaders. Fair. SAL competition. "He has all the tools, before you can pop a peanut in your but has to build up some confidence," mouth and he's built like the brick tion and a raise." But Norman harbors though, there were people like Otis Just downtown on Cotton Avenue Until recently the Macon Braves had Holtz said. facade at Luther Williams no illusions about making it to the Redding Little Richard and Ronnie there remains a sign on a building for an international flavor the likes of which aren't normally seen in profes- There's 18-year-old Andruw Rudolph "It would have been something to major leagues as a manager. In the off- Milsap who put this city on the map. It Capricorn Records, formerly owned by is for this rich musical history that Bill Walden. Macon and the state are building the It was Walden who signed the Georgia Music Hall of Fame just up Allman Brothers band and sent them Martin Luther King Boulevard from on their way to stardom along with the Otis Redding Bridge. other local calent The Allmans used to Redding died in a 1967 plane crash. hang out on a ranch near here. He and other musical legends per- Historian Kitty Oliver says the com- formed at the old E. Douglas Theatre pany is defunct now and Walden has at Broadway and King Boulevard that gone to Nashville. is now being restored after some 60 The Macon music industry has tad- years as host to famous black perform- ed. But the songs of the hometown ers, including Gladys Knight, Count stars can still be heard during Macon Basie, James Brown (who also has a Braves home games. FARM TEAM CLAIMS DEVOTED FANS Big-time dream Baseball: A road trip Columbus, lands tycoon 272 miles from Gainesville 20 in bush league 85 16 Sun staff writer Jud Magrin is visiting several small cities in Georgia that are 75 95 home to minor league baseball teams. He GEORGIA is writing from Columbus, Macon, Sa- N vannah and Augusta, where baseball JONI SCHMIDT/The Gainesville Sun flourishes. By JUD MAGRIN Sun staff writer OLUMBUS, Ga: - As a full moon rose over the right-field fence at League C Golden Park on Monday, Charlie Morrow sipped a gin and tonic and pondered how a year ago the family business called Fannie May Candles had been sold. "Financially. I could do anything I wanted,' of Our Own Morrow said. What the 40-year old millionaire wanted was to own a golf course or a professional baseball team. "Golf is a little poring as far as the marketing goes, Morrow said So the former Chicagoan and his wife, Martha, started scouting the South. On opening day 1994, Morrow closed a $2 million deal to purchase the Columbus RedStixx, a struggling Class A team in the South Atiantic - or Sally - League See DREAM on Page 3A FILE- LEAGUES : SOUTH ATLANTIC LEAGUE FEB-04-1999 17:56 BASEBALL LIBRARY&ARCHIVE 607 547 4094 P.07 The Gainesville Sun, Wednesday, June 14, 1995 DREAM RedStixx tidbits continued from Page IA "Everyone thinks I am living my The RedStixx aren't the major ing Fort Benning and Phenix City, dream That may be," Morrow said, leagues, but they managed to Ala across the Chattahoochee. Mi- "but it's hard work." attract time attention, The Ex- nor League team: The Columbus Morrow has sunk another $1 million xon Corp. wants the team to cease RedStixx, B Class A affiliate of the into Golden Park. That, combined with using the interlocking Xs in its. American League's Cleveland Indi- about $4 million from taxpayers, gave nickname Attorneys are working ans Telephone: 1-706-571-8886. the park a new facade, skyboxes and on B resolution The RedStixx League: The South Atlantic League clubhouses for the players. Morrow name is taken from the Muscogee Baseball park: Golden Park on Vic- took his own money and added a two Indian people, who roamed the lory Drive. One of the deepest cen- story building along the right-field line Chaftahoochee River Valley No terfields in minor league ball at 415 that houses his and other offices as well foul language in the stands or you feet Newly renovated at a cost of $5 as a hot tub and bar on the second put out of the ballpark Golden million, complete with hot tub and floor. Park was built in 1951 and the first bar along the right-field line. Seat- Golden Park is just yards from the home run was hit by the later St ing capacity, 5,000. Major attrac Chattaboochee River and will soon Louis Cardinal star Red tions The Riverwalk on which take its rightful place as part of the Schoendlenst The crepe myr- construction began In 1992 and con impressive Riverwalk that starts at tles are in full bloom along the Inues Several museums including Bay Avenue and 10th Street in down- median of Rt 280 called Victory the old Columbus Iron Works and own Columbus near where a slave Drive locally several textile mills remain along named Horace King built the first COLUMBUS, GA the walk The Springer Opera oridge across the river to what is now Population About 250,000 Includ House was established in 1871 Phenix City, Ala. King was emancipat- ed and became a member of the Ala- ama Legislature in 1868 and was one of the state's most accomplished said with the game, Richardson laments builders that It has become "too much The Riverwalk, begun in 1992, fronts business." the several textile mills and old Colum- John and Jeannette Elben have lived "We used to have a lot of fun," he JUS Iron Works, which serves now as a in Columbus for 23 years and have yet said. "Nobody has any fun any more." convention center. Eventually it'll to attend an Atlanta Braves game. Richardson recalled when Golden tretch some nine miles all the way to They have been season-ticket holders Park was all wood and fans would dis- Fort Benning. at Golden Park since 1986 when the card cigarettes between the wooden Just a long, long home run over the club was affiliated with the Houston floor slats and start fires. ight-field fence at Golden Park, the Astros. The RedStixx are now a farm While Richardson recalled the old ity is building a new civic auditorium. club of the Cleveland Indians. days, a young kid came up to the plate Morrow sees more opportunity. He's The Elbens, retired from their mill- and rocked a double down the left-field going to bring in a minor league hock- tary jobs. like the ncw ballpark here line. No. 28 had already tripled to y team Next door to that Is the foot- and once were members of a booster straight-away center in his first at bat, all stadium and a brand-new softball club. The members served as adoptive more than 410 feet away. complex that the city built. parents for players. The kid's batting only .260, but he's It's all part of a grand plan. Colum- "I don't watch baseball on television been hot "I'm seeing the ball a lot bet- us will play host to the Olympic soft- anymore," Mrs Elben sald In fact, the ter and I'm more relaxed," he sald. all competition next summer and, Elbens have little use for major league Early in the season a freak accident rior to that, the NCAA women's soft- baseball "This is much, much better," busted his nose, A pitched ball hit the all tournament she said, as a local resident sang the corner of home plate and jumped up At best, Morrow has mixed feelings. national anthem and peewee Into his face. That's because Golden Park playing ballplayers got to stand on the field This kid was on Cloud 9 this particu- eld will be razed and changed to ac- next to their favorite players. lar Monday, even If only 1,700 people ommodate softball and 8,500 people. For a maximum of $6 a seat, you can were in the park. he RedStixx will be out of a home for sit close enough to hear the pop of the His name is Chan Perry, and he's a he entire 1996 season. He stands to catcher's mitt and see the faces of the former University of Florida standout se his season-ticket base and young hopefuls. And when you call out Just hours earlier he'd been told his dvertisers. their names, they'll even crack you a brother, Herb, had been called up from The RedStixx may play at Columbus smile, the Class AAA club in Buffalo to the follege or even at the town of Seated In one of those $6 chairs, not Cleveland Indians to replace aging su- ouglasville. far from the Elbens, was Spec Richard- perstar Dave Winfield, who had gone "It's not a good deal, but in the spirit son, the former general manager for on the disabled list. 1 everything. I'm going on," said Mor- the San Francisco Giants and Houston Generally, Perry likes his Class A gig. )W. "Maybe I can get most of It back Astros Richardson, a Columbus resi- but some of the ballparks are "subpar." 1997." dent, helps Morrow out and at times he said. He likes Columbus. It reminds Such is life in the minor leagues, goes on assignment for the commis- him of his Lafayette County home. lorrow reasoned. sioner of major league baseball: De- "I like it a lot. The people are down "I want it to be a success story," be spite a long and infimate relationship to earth just like in Mayo." Hank Aaron: Chasing the Dream Aaron Interview http://TBSsuperstation.com/hankaaron/Aaron7.html League baseball, giving me the opportunity to play.' And I was not going to let any kind of letters or threats or anything distract me from the job I had to do." Aaron had risen fast in the ranks of the Braves organization, following Robinson's lead by breaking the color barrier in the Sally League, the deep-South league for which he played with the Braves' Jacksonville team. Aaron moved to Milwaukee after one year in Jacksonville, making the Major League roster after teammate Bobby Thomson broke his ankle. All the while, Aaron and the Braves played both great and not-so-great baseball. They made it to two World Series, winning in 1957, and suffered through hard times when it seemed they just couldn't make it back to championship status. Aaron did not hate the thought of moving to Atlanta with the Braves in 1966, as has often been reported (though he did hate seeing Milwaukee lose its team). He had begun with the Braves playing for the Eau Claire, Wisc., farm club, and he loved the people of Wisconsin. Coming to Atlanta was a big change for Aaron and the Braves. The sold-out crowds they had become used to in Milwaukee, even during losing seasons, were nowhere to be seen. And it wasn't until 1969 that the Braves got back in the running, winning the National League West, but losing the Championship Series in three straight to the "Miracle Mets." The next four seasons were dominated by something more personal and more individual, however. "The thing I like about baseball is that it's one-on-one," Aaron says. "You stand up there alone, and if you make a mistake, it's your mistake. If you hit a home run, it's your home run." And that's what Aaron did. Steadily, he began chipping away at Babe Ruth's home run record, and by the end of the 1973 season, he was just one run away from tying Ruth. He hit number 714 during his first at-bat of the 1974 season, tying Ruth and setting the stage for a historic moment. Then on April 8, 1974, before a sold-out crowd at Atlanta-Fulton County Stadium, Aaron hit home run number 715 off of Los Angeles Dodgers pitcher Al Downing. To everyone's relief, there were no shots fired from the stands, no mobs out to kill Aaron for besting Ruth--just cheers and adulation, and a pair of hippie kids who ran out onto the field to join Aaron in his home run trot. For a moment, it seemed that Major League Baseball had finally completed the long road to total integration begun when Jackie Robinson first played with the Brooklyn Dodgers in 1947. When he retired from the baseball field in 1976, after 23 years playing in the Major Leagues, Aaron found that baseball still had a long way to go. The field was integrated all right, but the front office was not. At the time of his retirement, there was only one black manager of a Major League team (Frank Robinson of the Cleveland Indians), and once Aaron signed on with the Braves to help develop their farm system, there were only two black executives, both in Atlanta (Aaron and Bill Lucas, the Braves' personnel manager). "I don't think that baseball has done enough for minorities," Aaron contends. "I speak out and talk about it simply because it's wrong. It's wrong for baseball to take black baseball players, put them on the field and after 10 years or so, say, 'See you later.' But they don't treat the white players like that. They give them opportunities that allow them to continue to grow in the game. It happens all the time, and it would be wrong for me to sit back and not voice my opinion about it." 2 of 4 2/3/99 7:03 PM HOME 429 actually outdo the game's most revered star was more than some could bear. Aaron received warnings he would be killed. His children, away at college, were threat- ened with kidnapping. Guards had to escort him in and out of ballparks. He was del- uged with racist mail: THE MODERN ERA Dear Nigger: You black animal, I hope you never live long enough to hit more home runs than the great Babe Ruth. Dear Hank Aaron: I hope you get it between the eyes. Dear Brother Hank Aaron: I hope you join Brother Dr. Martin Luther King in that Heaven he spoke of. Dear Nigger Henry: It has come to my attention that you are going to break Babe Ruth's record. I will be going to the rest of your games and if you hit one more home run it will be your last. My gun will be watching your every black move. Hank Aaron, With all that fortune, and all that fame, You're a stinkin nigger, just the same. Aaron kept right on hitting home runs, and he kept the threats to himself. Paul Casanova recalled his private distress: ik Aaron He almost never mentioned Babe Ruth One time he said to me, "Cassy, I'm not trying to break any record of Babe Ruth. I'm just trying to make one of my own." It was terrible the way people hated him for trying to break the record. The whole thing must have been eating him up. One day in Philadelphia we walked across the street from the hotel to eat breakfast and that was the first time he told me about the letters he had been getting. 1 couldn't believe what be was telling me. I said, "What?" He said, "Cassy, these people are crazy. I don't know what's going on, I really don't." But he was worried. As hard as he was to read, you could tell he was worried. Word of the hate mail Aaron was getting eventually got out, and he began to be flooded by letters of support: Dear Mr. Aaron: I am twelve years old, and I wanted to tell you that I have read many articles about the prejudice against you. 1 really think it's bad. I don't care what color you are It's just some people can't stand to see someone a bit different from them ruining something someone else more like them set. What do these fans want you to do? Just quit hitting? Aaron had never felt especially close to the Atlanta fans before whom he'd played so long. His unshakable stoicism-his teammates said they only thought they'd seen him start to smile as he rounded the bases after his 700th home run-had some- thing to do with that. So, one black teammate believed, did his refusal to remain silent about racial matters off the field: "You've got to realize that in Atlanta a lot of our crowds came from small towns around the South. Those people were accustomed to blacks behaving a certain way, and that wasn't Henry. Henry did not shuffle." 428 BASEBALL In the autobiography he completed shortly before his death, Robinson recalled playing in his first World Series game: There I was the black grandson of a slave, the son of a black sharecropper, part of a historic occasion, a symbolic hero to my people [but] I must tell The pitcher has got only a you that it was Mr. Rickey's drama, and that I was only a principal actor. As I write this, twenty years later, and sing the anthem, I cannot salute the flag; ball I've got abat So the I know that I am a black man in a white world. In 1972, in 1947, at my percentage in weapons is in birth in 1919, I know that I never had it made. my favor and I let the fellow with the ball do the fretting. It would take three more years for Frank Robinson to be named manager of the Cleveland Indians, and nine more before the San Francisco Giants hired him as their Hank Aaron manager, making him the first African American to manage in the National League as well. For twenty years, right fielder Henry Aaron had been the quietest of superstars, self- assured, utterly reliable in the field and at bat, but intensely private, and celebrated among his fellow players both for his all-round skill and for the implacable calm he displayed in the face of every sort of provocation. Once, early in his career, Los Angeles pitcher Stan Williams hit Aaron in the head so hard and so gratuitously that Williams's own teammate, Gil Hodges, playing first basè, urged Aaron to "go get him." "My mama didn't raise no fools," Aaron answered, and got his revenge the next time up by hitting a Williams pitch out of the park. Born in Mobile, Alabama, Aaron was seasoned in the Negro Leagues, helped in- tegrate the Sally League in the South, then joined the Braves. He would play for them, first in Milwaukee and then Atlanta, in all but two of his twenty-three major league seasons. He was steady and solid, and before he was through he would build an amazing record of achievement: lifetime records in runs batted in (2,297) and total bases (6,856; 722 more than his nearest competitor, Stan Musial); two bat- ting titles; four RBI crowns; 14 World Series games and 24 All-Star games without a single error. His relentless hitting was the despair of the pitchers. Once, the Dodger pitching staff was going over the whole National League, discussing just how they would han- dle each hitter. When they reached Hank Aaron's name, there was a long silence. "Make sure," someone finally said, "there's no one on when he hits it out." For the most part, Aaron did it all while attracting less attention than many of his less skilled but more showy contemporaries. The Cuban-born catcher, Paul Casanova, was one of his few confidants: Hank kept almost everything to himself You couldn't read him, because he wouldn't let anything show. It was the same as when he was batting. If he hit a home run or struck out, there was no difference. If he was in a slump you knew it had to be killing him, but be would just walk out to the dugout and sit down, or maybe go in the tunnel and have cigarette and think about what he had to do the next time. That was part of his strategy. But as the 1973 season drew to a close, Aaron gradually became the focus of even more unwelcome attention than Roger Maris had endured twelve years earlier: Babe Ruth's lifetime record of 714 home runs was within Aaron's reach. Maris's challenge to Ruth's record had been an affront to some of the Babe's old fans, but at least he had been white. The notion that an African American might MAWALDMAN @ aol.com 02/04/99 11:47:00 PM $10 Record Type: Record To: Joshua S. Gottheimer, Michael Waldman CC: Subject: proposed structure for aaron Isn't there a quote re: baseball (from Ken Burns book?) about if you want to know about America, look at baseball. We honor him because his ## homeruns are the highest mountaintop in the game, a record that may never be broken voted the most notable moment in baseball history by sportswriters when he was inducted into hall of fame but we honor him as well not only because of the power of his swing but the power of his character - not only the Last player to move from negro leagues to majors On XX date, Hank Aaron began to play in majors. It takes nothign away from Jackie Robinson when i note that he was sent to Montreal to prepare. Hank aaron played his way through the deep south - at the height of the struggle over integration. When he travelled with his team, they slept in one motel - he slept in another. They drank at one bar - he drank in another. [true?] Story statistics Sheer courage and concentration in the face of remarkable pressure. 900,000 letters, many angry, one on toilet paper quote from him ulca wase my prease Said to whin's Nejo an leye broker up 1948 vides not proby. scouts say? ??? after Robinson, campanella, fation ouby, t Paije actim Life had integated be majors ( Robinan Dodps to 47) FEB-04-1999 17:53 BASEBALL LIBRARY&ARCHIVE 607 547 4094 P.01 NATIONAL NATIONAL BASEBALL HALL OF FAME BASEBALL AND MUSEUM, INC. HALL OF FAME Fax Cover Sheet To: Melissa Company: White House - speechwriting Fax: (202)456-2505 From: National Baseball Hall of Fame and Museum, Inc. P.O. Box 590 Cooperstown, New York 13326 direct: (607) 547-0330 fax: (607) 547-4094 Date: 2/4/99 Pages: Notes: FEB-04-1999 17:54 BASEBALL LIBRARY&ARCHIVE 607 547 4094 P.02 SOUTH ATLANTIC LEAGUE LEAGUE OFFICE president/secretery-treasurer Teams (affiliation) Fayettaville Crocks (Expos) John Moss Asheville Tourists (Rockies) Greensboro Bats (Yankees) Address Augusta Greenjackets (Pirates) Hagerstown Suns (Blue Jays) P.O. Box 38 Capital City Bombers (Mets) Hickory Crawdads (White Sox) Kings Mountain, NC 28086 Charleston (S.C.) Riverdogs (Devil Rays) Macon Braves (Braves) Charleston (W.Va.) Alley Cats (Reds) Piedmont Bollweevills (Phillies) Phone Columbus Redstbox (Indians) Savannah Sand Gnats (Dodgers) 704-739-3466 Delmarva Sharebirds (Grioles) 1996 FINAL STANDINGS FIRST HALF NORTHERN DIVISION CENTRAL DIVISION Taem W L T Pct. QB Team W L T Pet. GB Delmarva (Expos) 47 23 0 671 .... Asheville (Rockles) 47 20 0 701 Fayertoville (Tigers) 35 33 a 515 11 Columbia (Mets) 37 30 0 522 10 Hagerstown (Blue Jays) 33 35 o 478 13½ Pledmont (Pnillies) 38 31 o .551 10 Charleston (W.Va.) (Reds) 29 41 0 414 18 Charleston (SC) (Rangers) 33 36 0 478 15 Greensboro (Yankees) 29 41 0 414 19'/2 Hickory (White Sox) 18 53 0 232 32 SOUTHERN DIVISION Team W L T PEL GB Augusta (Pirates) 37 32 0 538 Columbus (Indians) 36 34 0 514 1½ Savanhah (Dodgers) 34 38 0 488 3½ Macon (Braves) 32 37 0 464 5 SECOND HALF NORTHERN DIVISION CENTRAL DIVISION Team W L T Ptt. GB Team W L T Pet. GB Fayettaville (Tigers) 41 30 0 .577 .... Columbia (Mcis) 45 27 0 625 Hagerstown (Blue Jays) 37 35 0 514 4½ Hickory (White Sox) 39 32 0 549 5½ Delmarva (Expos) 36 36 D 500 5½ Ashaville (Rockles) 37 32 0 536 61/2 Charleston (W.Va.) (Reds) 29 43 0 403 12½ Piedmont (Phillies) 34 35 D 493 9½ Charleston (SC) (Rangers) 30 42 0 417 15 Greensboro (Yankees) 27 45 0 .375 18 SOUTHERN DIVISION Team W L T PcL GB Columbus (Indians) 43 29 0 597 Savannah (Dodgers) 38 33 0 535 4 1/2 Augusta (Pirates) 34 38 0 472 9 Macon (Braves) 29 42 0 408 131/2 COMPOSITE Team And C'ta Del. C'us Fay. Pie. Sav. Aug. Hag. CBC Mas. CWV Gbr. Hck. W L T Pet. BB Asheville (Rockles) 1 7 1 10 g 2 2 11 4 3 10 12 12 84 52 0 818 Columbia (Muts) 3 0 12 5 4 9 13 2 12 11 4 4 3 82 57 0 590 3½ Delmarva (Expos) 3 4 - 2 9 7 3 2 16 4 3 10 12 B 83 59 0 585 4 Columbus (Indians) 3 8 2 .... 2 4 12 9 0 15 16 2 3 3 79 63 0 .556 8 Fayetteville (Tigura) 5 3 14 2 8 1 2 9 2 B 8 10 76 63 0 547 9½ .... 4 Piedmont (Phillies) 11 2 7 0 3 ... 2 2 7 2 2 11 8 15 72 56 0 522 13 Savannah (Dadgers) 1 10 1 12 3 2 .... a 3 14 12 I 2 3 72 69 0 511 14½ Augusta (Pirates) 2 7 2 11 2 5 9 .... 1 9 11 3 5 4 71 70 0 504 15½ Hagerstown (Blue Jays) 3 2 a 4 8 7 1 3 2 1 16 6 9 70 71 0 496 16½ Charleston (S.C.) (Rangers) D 9 D 0 1 2 10 10 2 ... 10 2 4 4 63 78 0 447 23½ Macon (Braves) 1 5 1 6 0 2 14 13 2 12 79 **** 1 3 1 61 0 436 25 Charleston (W.Va.) (Reds) 4 0 5 2 12 5 3 1 5 2 3 13 3 58 84 0 408 29 Greensboro (Yankees) 6 a 4 1 0 8 2 1 6 D 1 7 1D 56 86 0 394 31 Hickory (White 5px) 10 2 8 1 4 3 1 4 7 0 2 7 6 55 85 0 393 31 Major league affiliations In parentheses. South PLAYOFFS: Savannah deleated Columbus, two games to none: Delmarva deleated Asheville. two games to one; Savannah deleated Delmarva. three games to one, to win league championship. REGULAR SEASON ATTENDANCE: Ashoville, 145.798: Augusta. 157,487: Columbia, 158,921: Charleston (S.C.). 100,426: Charleston (W.Va.). 87,189: Columbus. 45,110; Delmarva. 315,011: Fayetteville. 73,149: Greensboro, 168,534: Hagerstown, 102,765: Hickory. 207,069: Macon. 117,042: Piadmont, CLASS 102,983: Savannah. 122,486 Total-1,901,974; Playotts (8 games)-18.518: All-Star Game-3,872. MANAGERS: Asheville. P.J. Carey: Augusta. Jay Loviglio: Charleston (S.C.), Gary Allenson: Charleston (W.Va.). Tommy Thompson (through July 2), Donnie Scott (July 3 through end of season): Columbia, Howie Freiling: Columbus, Joal Skinner: Delmarva, Doug Sisson; Fayettaville, Dwight Lowry: Greensboro, Rick Patterson (through May 2). Jimmy Johnson (May 3 through end of season); Hagerstown, J.J. Cannon; Hickory. Chris Cron: Macon, Paul Runge, Piedmont, Roy Maltyka: Savannah, John Shoemaker. Managerial records of teams with more than one manager. Charleston (W.Va.), Thompson, 34-50, Scott, 24-34; Greensboro, Patterson. 14-12. Johnson, 42-74. The sporting News 533 Baseball Guide 1997 FEB-04-1999 18:08 BASEBALL LIBRARY&ARCHIVE 607 547 4094 P.31 14 OILNVILV HLOOS 000 S from "The Minor leagues: A celebration oFthe Wynwood Press in 1991. Little Show "by Mike Blake, published by The current South Atlantic League, first established in 1948 (it ran until 1952) and reestablished in 1960, has run consecutively for thirty-one years. Previous tries at loops called the South Atlantic League began in 1888 and oper- ated sporadically. Those circuits were affectionately known as "The Sally League" in earlier morphoses, which eventually became the Southern League. The current league sprang up during the postwar boom, but collapsed during the period of increased interest in TV and the Major League mishandling crisis of the early '50s. This led to poor attendance and failed clubs. Revived in 1960, attendance has steadily swelled until the 1989 sea- son saw the S.A.L. draw more than one million fans. The South Atlantic League is a Class-A circuit with twelve teams covering North Carolina, South Carolina, Georgia, and West Virginia. Running a 144-game schedule from April 5 to August 30, the South Atlantic League team roster currently in- cludes: Asheville Tourists (Astros), Augusta Pirates, Charleston Rainbows (Padres), Charleston Wheelers FEB-04-1999 18:08 BASEBALL LIBRARY&ARCHIVE 607 547 4094 P.32 South Atlantic League 199 (Reds), Columbia Mets, Fayetteville Generals (Tigers), Gastonia Rangers, Greensboro Hornets (Yankees), Myrtle Beach Blue Jays, Savannah Cardinals, Spartanburg Phil- lies, and Sumter Braves. In 1990, the Charleston (Reds) took the second-half crown in the Northern Division, after the Fayetteville (Ti- gers) grabbed the first half. In the Southern Division, Sa- vannah (Cardinals) ran away with the second half after Columbia (Mets) nabbed the first half. 00 00 00 What is the South Atlantic League? Well, it is the only league with two teams representing two different cities of the same name-Charleston. The Charleston Rainbows hail from South Carolina and the Charleston Wheelers come from West Virginia. 00 00 00 Inside the South Atlantic League (including earlier leagues bearing the same name): Pitcher Bugs Raymond went 35-11 for Charleston in 1907. Maurice Archdeacon, who later starred for the Interna- tional League's Baltimore Orioles, stole 42 bases for Charleston in 1919 and 44 the next year. George Rhinhardt had back-to-back seasons of quality in 1923-34 with Greenville. The outfielder put together years of .370, 100 RBI, 22 steals, 40 doubles and 28 triples in 1923; and .404, 92 ribbies, 32 steals, 45 doubles the following campaign. In 1927, Walter Tauscher, a right-handed pitcher who won 259 Minor League games during a twenty-five-year career, lost 19 games for Columbia despite a solid 3.04 ERA. His earned runs seemed to matter to scouts more than his losses, as the Pittsburgh Pirates snatched him up for the 1928 season. 607 547 4094 P.33 200 The Minor League The 1930 season belonged to twenty-one-year-old out fielder for Greenville, Murray "Red" Howell. Howell led the league in RBI (147) to follow up his league-leading 135 in 1929 and also was number one in hits (193) and runs scored (123), while maintaining his batting consistency-he hit .341 in 1929 and 340 in 1930. In 1939, forty-five-year-old journeyman pitcher Red McColl found his way to the South Atlantic League and walked only 21 batters in 154 innings on his way to a 2.81 ERA. Greensboro entered the South Atlantic League in 1980, and outfielder-first baseman Don Mattingly was named MVP as he led the league with a .358 batting average 2 while bashing 32 doubles and driving in 105 runs. In 1981, for Spartanburg, Jeff Stone swiped 123 bases 00 00 )( 1990 Players to Watch Cincinnati Reds No. 1 choice Dan Wilson, catcher, made Charleston, West Virginia, his home and hit .248 with 2 homers and 15 RBI in 31 games. A contact hitter, he struck out only 18 times in 109 at bats. Tim Howard, with Columbia (Mets), had knocked out 112 hits by late August. Brian Cornelius, Fayetteville (Tigers), had slammed 11 triples, Austin Manahan, Augusta (Pirates), had hit 10 triples. Pat Howell, Columbia (Mets), had stolen 58 bases. Jeff Hoffman, Greensboro (Yankees), fashioned a 1.47 ERA. FEB-04-1999 18:09 BASEBALL LIBRARY&ARCHIVE 607 547 4094 P.34 SOUTH ATLANTIC LEAGUE LEAGUE OFFICE President/secretary-iraasurer Teams (affiliation) Fayetteville Crocks (Expos) John Moss Asheville Tourists (Rockies) Greensboro Bats (Yankees) Address Augusta Greenjackets (Pirates) Hagerstown Suns (Blue Jays) P.O. Box 38 Capital City Bombers (Mats) Hickory Crawdads (White Sox) Kings Mountain, NC 28086 Charleston (S.C.) Riverdogs (Devil Rays) Macon Braves (Braves) Phone Charleston (W.Va.) Alley Cats (Reds) Piedmont Bollweevils (Phillles) Columbus Redstixx (Indians) Savannah Sand Gnats (Dodgers) 704-739-3466 Delmarva Shorebirds (Orioles) 1996 FINAL STANDINGS FIRST HALF NORTHERN DIVISION CENTRAL DIVISION Team W L T Pd. GB Team W l T Pm. GB Delmarva (Expos) 47 23 0 .671 Ashaville (Rockies) 47 20 0 701 Fayettaville (Tigers) 35 33 D .515 11 Columbia (Mats) 37 30 0 522 10 Hagerstown (Blue Jays) 33 36 0 478 13 1/2 Piedmont (Phillies) 38 31 0 551 10 Charleston (W.Va.) (Reda) 29 41 0 414 18 Charleston (SC) (Rangers) 33 36 0 478 15 Greensboro (Yankees) 29 41 0 414 19½ Hickory (White Sox) 16 53 0 .232 32 SOUTHERN DIVISION Team W L T Ptt. GB Augusta (Pirates) 37 32 0 .536 Columbus (Indians) 36 34 0 514 1½ Savannah (Dodgers) 34 36 0 486 3'/2 Macon (Braves) 32 37 0 464 5 SECOND HALF NORTHERN DIVISION CENTRAL DIVISION Team W L T Pa. GB Team W L T Pd. GB Fayertaville (Tigers) 41 30 0 .577 Columbia (Msts) 45 27 0 625 Hagerstown (Blue Jays) 37 35 0 514 4½ Hickory (White Sox) 39 32 0 549 5½ Delmarva (Expos) 38 36 0 .500 5½ Asheville (Rockles) 37 32 0 .536 6'/2 Charleston (W.Va.) (Reds) 29 43 0 .403 12 1/2 Pledmont (Phillies) 34 35 0 .493 9½ Charleston (SC) (Rangers) 30 42 0 417 15 Greensboro (Yankees) 27 45 0 375 18 SOUTHERN DIVISION Team W L T Pet. GB Columbus (Indians) 43 29 0 .597 Savannah (Dodgers) 38 33 0 535 4½ Augusta (Pirates) 34 38 0 472 9 Macon (Braves) 29 42 0 408 13 1/2 COMPOSITE Team Ash. C'la Del. C'us Fay. Pie. Sav. Aug. Mag. CSC Mac. CWV Gar. Hck. W L T Pa. GB Asheville (Rockies) 1 7 1 10 g 2 2 11 4 3 10 12 12 84 52 0 618 Columbia (Mets) 3 0 12 5 4 9 13 2 12 11 4 4 3 82 57 0 .590 3½ Delmarva (Expos) 3 4 2 9 7 3 2 16 4 3 1D 12 B 63 59 0 .585 4 Columbus (Indians) 3 8 2 2 4 12 9 0 15 16 2 3 3 79 63 D .556 8 Fayetteville (Tigers) 5 3 14 2 .... 8 1 2 9 2 4 8 8 10 76 63 0 .547 8½ Pledmont (Phillies) 11 2 7 0 3 2 2 7 2 2 11 8 15 72 66 0 .522 13 Savannah (Dodgers) 1 10 1 12 3 2 8 3 14 12 1 2 3 72 69 0 511 14½ Augusta (Pirates) 2 7 2 11 2 5 9 1 9 11 3 5 4 71 70 Q 504 15½ Hagerstown (Blue Jays) 3 2 6 4 6 7 1 3 ... 2 1 18 6 9 7D 71 0 496 16 1/2 Charleston (S.C.) (Rangers) 0 9 0 9 1 2 10 10 2 ---- 10 2 4 4 53 78 0 447 23½ Macon (Braves) 1 5 1 6 0 2 14 13 2 12 1 3 1 61 79 0 436 25 Charleston (W.Va) (Reds) 4 0 5 2 12 5 3 1 5 2 3 " 13 3 58 B4 0 408 29 Greensboro (Yankees) 6 4 4 1 6 8 2 1 6 0 1 7 are 10 56 B6 0 .394 31 Hickory (White Sex) 10 2 8 1 4 3 1 4 7 0 2 7 6 55 85 D .393 31 Major league affiliations in parentheses. PLAYOFFS: Savannah deleated Columbus, two games to none: Delmarva defeated Asheville, two games to one: Savannah deleated Delmarva. three games to one, 10 win league championship. REGULAR SEASON ATTENDANCE: Asheville, 145,798: Augusta, 157,487; Columbia, 156,921; Charleston (S.C.). 100,428; Charicston (W.Va.), 87,189; Columbus, 45,110; Delmarva, 315,011; Fayatteville, 73,149; Greensboro, 188,534; Hagerstown. 102,765; Hickory, 207,089; Macon, 117,042; Piedmont, CLASS 102,983; Savannah, 122,488; Total-1,901,974; Playons (8 games)-16,516; All-Star Game-3,872 MANAGERS: Asheville, P.J. Carey; Augusta, Day Loviglio: Charleston (S.C.). Gary Allenson: Charleston (W.Va.), Tommy Thompson (through July 2), Donnie Scon (July 3 incough end of season): Columbia. Howle Freiling: Columbus, Joel Skinner: Delmarva, Doug Sisson; Fayatteville, Dwight Lowry; Greensboro, Rick Patterson (through May 2). Jimmy Johnson (May 3 through end of season); Hagerstown, J.J. Cannon: Hickory, Chris Cron: Macon, Paul Runge: Picdmnnt, Roy Maltyka: Savannah. John Shoemaker. Managerial records of teams with more than one manager: Charleston (W.Va.). Thompson. 34-50, Scott, 24-31; Greensboro, Patterson, 14-12. Johnson, 42-74. The Sporting News 533- Baseball Guide 1997 TOTAL P.34 Document No. WHITE HOUSE STAFFING MEMORANDUM Date: 2/4/99 ACTION / CONCURRENCE / COMMENT DUE BY: 9:30a.m. TOMORROW Subject: HANK AARON REMARKS ACTION FYI ACTION FYI VICE PRESIDENT NASH PODESTA REED ECHAVESTE RUFF RICCHETTI SOSNIK LEW SPERLING BEGALA STEIN BERGER STERN BLUMENTHAL STREETT FRAMPTON TRAMONTANO IBARRA VERVEER KLAIN WALDMAN LANE YELLEN LEWIS B. JOHNSON LINDSEY LOCKHART MARSHALL MOORE REMARKS: COMMENTS To JOSH GOTTHEIMER RESPONSE: Staff Secretary's Office staffing. WPD 1/4/99 Ext. 62702 Draft 2/4/99 7pm Josh Gottheimer PRESIDENT WILLIAM J. CLINTON REMARKS FOR HANK AARON GALA ATLANTA, GA February 5, 1999 Acknowledgments: Govs. Barnes and Miller; Reps. Joseph Kennedy, John Lewis; Sec. Herman; Mayors Campbell, Dow; Amb. Young; Rev. Jackson; NAACP President Mfume; Bob Costas (MC); Comm. Bud Selig (Major League Baseball); Ozzie Davis and Ruby Dee; Ted Turner; Jane Fonda; Gerald Levin; Dick Parsons; the Temptations; Jeffery Osborne; Ernie Banks; Sammy Sosa; Evander Holyfield; Ken Griffey, Sr; Reggie Jackson; Dave Winfield It is a privilege to be with you this evening to celebrate Hank Aaron's 65th Birthday -- and to launch Major League Baseball's year-long salute to one of the most dramatic moments in sports history -- Hammerin' Hank Aaron's 715th homerun. America's favorite pastime was built on legendary feats -- Ty Cobb's 4,189 hits; Cal Ripkins' 2,632 consecutive games, and, just this year, Mark McGwire's 70 homeruns and Sammy Sosa's 66th. But who could forget that historic night on April 8, 1974 before a sold-out crowd at Atlanta's Fulton County stadium, when Hank Aaron launched number 715 -- and smashed Babe Ruth's 38-year-old record. That night might have marked Hank Aaron's crowning achievement. But it was only one feat in a career full of accomplishment. Hank continues to hold more Major League batting records than any other player in history -- from 2,297 RBIs to 3,771 career hits to 755 career home runs. But perhaps the most impressive thing about Hank Aaron is not what he did in the majors. It was the way he got there. Hank's mythic rise from Alabama sandlot sensation to Major League home-run king represents American greatness in the face of adversity. He was determined to reach the Majors. Nothing was going to hold him back. Not an opposing pitcher, not an outfield full of all-stars, and -- least of all -- not the prejudice that prevailed during his earliest days at bat. Hank Aaron was the first African-American to play in the South Atlantic League ---- the Saly League -- deep in the heart of the segregated South. Although Jackie Robinson had broken the color barrier into the Majors less than a decade before, there were still only a few blacks in baseball. But, in 1954, Hank Aaron's dedication and skill catapulted him into the professional ranks -- the same year the Supreme Court struck down the practice of separate but equal in Brown V. Board of Education. Hank spent his first 12 years in Milwaukee, and helped lead the Braves to two pennants, before the franchise relocated to Atlanta for the '66 season. He made it all look so easy on the field. So effortless. But few of us knew the challenges Hank Aaron faced off the diamond. Throughout his career, Hank was often forced to drink from "colored only" water fountains; sleep in hotels separate from the team; and eat at segregated restaurants. And even as he neared Ruth's record, Hank Aaron received thousands upon thousands of death threats. But as Hank himself said, "I had a job to do, and I stuck with the plan. I was not going to be distracted from my goal." Your career didn't end when you hung up your jersey in 1976. You're still breaking barriers even today. As an executive and with your Chasing the Dream Foundation, you've been a tireless advocate for fair treatment both to baseball players and to all Americas. Hank, that is why we're here today -- not only to honor your records, but to recognize who you are as a person -- your steady voice for equality, integrity and change -- and the standard you continue to set for all of us out here in the stands. Thank you for all you have given to your team, your community and your country. 2 Document No. WHITE HOUSE STAFFING MEMORANDUM Date: 2/4/99 ACTION / CONCURRENCE / COMMENT DUE BY: 9:30 a.m. TOMORROW Subject: AMERICORPS ACTUALITY ACTION FYI ACTION FYI VICE PRESIDENT NASH PODESTA REED ECHAVESTE RUFF RICCHETTI SOSNIK LEW SPERLING BEGALA STEIN BERGER STERN BLUMENTHAL STREETT FRAMPTON TRAMONTANO IBARRA VERVEER KLAIN WALDMAN LANE YELLEN LEWIS LINDSEY LOCKHART MARSHALL MOORE REMARKS: COMMENTS TO lowell WELLS RESPONSE: Staff Secretary's Office staffing.WPD 1/4/99 Ext. 62702 '99 FEB PM7:20 Draft 2/4/99 6:30pm PRESIDENT WILLIAM J. CLINTON RADIO ACTUALITY ON AMERICORPS' "CALL TO SERVICE" THE WHITE HOUSE February 5, 1999 Since 1994, more than 100,000 people have served their nation through AmeriCorps. AmeriCorps members teach children to read, build homes for the poor, and make communities safer places to live -- while earning awards to pay for college or pay off student loans. This year, AmeriCorps is issuing a national "Call to Service" to give 50,000 new members the chance to show what they can do for their country the chance to learn that they can make a difference. If you're graduating from high school or college this spring, I encourage you to call 1-800-942- 2677 or visit the AmeriCorps website at www.americorps.org. AmeriCorps is a life-changing experience -- for you, for your community. Please get involved. Draft 2/4/99 9pm Josh Gottheimer PRESIDENT WILLIAM J. CLINTON REMARKS FOR HANK AARON GALA ATLANTA, GA February 5, 1999 Acknowledgments: Govs. Barnes and Miller; Reps. Joseph Kennedy, John Lewis; Sec. Herman; Mayors Campbell, Dow; Amb. Young; Rev. Jackson; NAACP President Kweisi Mfume; Rev. William Guy; Bob Costas (MC); Comm. Bud Selig (Major League Baseball); Ozzie Davis and Ruby Dee; Ted Turner; Jane Fonda; Tom Johnson (CEO, CNN); Leonard Coleman; Gerald Levin; Dick Parsons; the Temptations; Jeffery Osborne; Dream Chasers; Ernie Banks; Sammy Sosa; Evander Holyfield; Ken Griffey, Sr; Reggie Jackson; Dave Winfield; Billye Aaron (Hank's wife) Baseball has long exemplified many of the values America holds dear -- competition, craftsmanship, local pride, and appreciation of tradition. Hank Aaron's own career exemplified these values and more. He not only broke records, but broke barriers, and expanded opportunity for those who followed in his footsteps. It is a privilege to be with you this evening to celebrate Hank's 65th Birthday -- and to launch Major League Baseball's year-long salute to one of the most dramatic moments in sports history -- Hammerin' Hank's 715th homerun. America's favorite pastime has been built on legendary feats -- Cy Young's 511 wins Ty Cobb's 4,189 hits [Cal Ripkins' 2,632 consecutive games] and, just this year, Mark McGwire's 70 homeruns and Sammy Sosa's 66. But who could forget that historic night on April 8, 1974 before a sold-out crowd at Atlanta's Fulton County stadium, when Hank Aaron launched homerun number 715 -- and smashed Babe Ruth's 38-year-old record. That night might have marked Hank Aaron's crowning achievement. But it was only one feat in a career full of accomplishment. Hank continues to hold more Major League batting records than any other player in history -- from 2,297 RBIs to 3,771 career hits to 755 career home runs. But what is impressive about Hank Aaron is not only what he did in the major, but the way he got there. Hank's mythic rise from Alabama sandlot sensation to Major League home- run king represents American greatness in the face of adversity. He was determined to reach the Majors. Nothing was going to hold him back. Not an opposing pitcher, not an outfield full of all-stars, and -- least of all -- not the prejudice that prevailed during his earliest days at bat. Hank Aaron was the first African-American to play in the South Atlantic Minor League -- the Saly League -- deep in the heart of the segregated South. Although Jackie Robinson was the first African American to break the color barrier and play in the Majors less than a decade before, there were still only a few blacks in baseball. But, in 1954, Hank Aaron's dedication and skill catapulted him into the professional ranks -- the same year the Supreme Court struck down the practice of separate but equal in Brown V. Board of Education. Hank spent his first 12 years in Milwaukee, and helped lead the Braves to two pennants, before the franchise relocated to Atlanta for the '66 season. He made it all look so easy on the field. So effortless. But few of us knew the challenges Hank Aaron faced off the diamond. Throughout his career, Hank was often forced to drink from "colored only" water fountains; sleep in hotels separate from the team; and eat at segregated restaurants. And even as he neared Ruth's record, Hank Aaron received thousands upon thousands of death threats. But as Hank himself said, "I had a job to do, and I stuck with the plan. I was not going to be distracted from my goal." Your career didn't end when you hung up your jersey in 1976. As a baseball executive, philanthropist and founder of the Chasing the Dream Foundation, you've been a champion of opportunity, a lifter of aspirations, an advocate of fairness and a builder of dreams. Hank, that is why we're here today -- to honor not only the records you have broken but the path you have blazed, the voice you have raised for equality and fairness, and the standard you continue to set for all of us out here in the stands. Thank you for all you have given to your team, your community and your country. 2 Feb05fri.wpd Page 1 Schedule of the President For Friday, February 5, 1999 Final Schedule SCHEDULING DIRECTOR: STEPHANIE STREETT HOME: 202-332-5651 OFFICE: 202-456-2823 WHCA PAGER: 4824 PRESS DESK: DORI SALCIDO HOME: 703-548-6466 OFFICE: 202-456-5771 WHCA PAGER: 4844 EVENT COORDINATOR: LAURA SCHWARTZ HOME: 202-331-4339 OFFICE: 202-456-5655 WHCA PAGER: 4293 TRIP COORDINATOR: LAURA GRAHAM HOME: 703-212-7642 OFFICE: 202-456-2349 WHCA PAGER: 4809 WEATHER: WASHINGTON, D.C. Mostly sunny. Winds west to northwest at 10 to 15 knots. Low 34 to 39. High 50 to 55. Schedule of the President Feb05fri. wpd Page 2 for Friday, February 5, 1999 Final Schedule DOWN UNTIL 1:00 PM 1:00 pm- MEETING 1:15 pm OVAL OFFICE Staff Contact: John Podesta 1:15 pm- BRIEFING 1:45 pm OVAL OFFICE Staff Contact: Gene Sperling, Bruce Reed 1:50 pm THE PRESIDENT proceeds to the Residence 1:55 pm- MEET AND GREET 2:05 pm STATE DINING ROOM Staff Contact: Gene Sperling, Bruce Reed CLOSED PRESS Note: There will be approximately 12 guests in attendance. 2:10 pm- MICROENTERPRISE DEVELOPMENT AWARD EVENT 2:55 pm EAST ROOM Remarks: June Shih Staff Contact: Gene Sperling, Bruce Reed Event Coordinator: Laura Schwartz OPEN PRESS Note: There will be approximately 150 guests in attendance. Awardees are announced into the room and proceed to seats in the front row. -- The President and the First Lady, accompanied by Secretary Robert Rubin and Carol Willoughby, are announced onto stage. -- The First Lady makes welcoming remarks and introduces Secretary Robert Rubin. Secretary Robert Rubin makes brief remarks and introduces Carol Willoughby. Carol Willoughby, Owner, "Let the Whole World Know," makes brief remarks and introduces the President. The President makes remarks about each awardee and presents their citations individually. Feb05fri wpd Page 3 Note: Each awardee will proceed to the stage to receive the award, pause for a photograph between the President and the First Lady, and then proceed back to their seats. -- The President makes concluding remarks and invites guests to proceed to the State Dining Room for a reception. -- The President and the First Lady depart. 3:00 pm- BRIEFING 3:15 pm OVAL OFFICE Staff Contact: Samuel Berger 3:15 pm- BRIEF MEETING WITH PRESIDENT FUJIMORI OF PERU AND 3:35 pm PRESIDENT MAHUAD OF ECUADOR OVAL OFFICE Staff Contact: Samuel Berger STILLS ONLY 3:45 pm- MEETING 3:50 pm OVAL OFFICE DINING ROOM Staff Contact: Stephanie Streett 4:00 pm- MEETING 4:10 pm OVAL OFFICE DINING ROOM Staff Contact: Larry Stein CLOSED PRESS 4:15 pm- BRIEFING 4:30 pm OVAL OFFICE DINING ROOM Staff Contact: Ann Lewis, Julianne Corbett 4:30 pm- TAPE RADIO ADDRESS 5:00 pm OVAL OFFICE Remarks: Jeff Sheshol Staff Contact: Ann Lewis, Julianne Corbett CLOSED PRESS Note: The President will tape one radio actuality immediately following the Radio Address. 5:15 pm THE PRESIDENT departs The White House via Marine One en route Andrews Air Force Base [flight time: 10 minutes] 5:25 pm THE PRESIDENT arrives Andrews Air Force Base 02/04/99 18:28 SOUTH ATLANTIC LEAGUE INC. 12024562505 NO. 386 002 HISTORY & OVERVIEW The South Atlantic League, referred to as "The League of Choice", was formally organized on November 25, 1903, at the DeSoto Hotel in Savannah, Georgia. The original South Atlantic League was made up of six teams. Those teams were the Augusta Tourists, Charleston (SC) Sea Gulls, Columbia Skyscrapers, Jacksonville Jays, Macon Highlanders, and Savannah Pathfinders. Five of those original six clubs are still members of the South Atlantic League today. The first South Atlantic League or "Sally League" games were played on April 26, 1904. On that day, Columbia beat Augusta, 8-7, despite a homer and double by a youngster named Ty Cobb. Cobb is just one of many outstanding baseball talents that make up the history of the South Atlantic League. Baseball legends such as Hank Aaron, Steve Carlton, Bob Gibson, Dale Murphy, Nolan Ryan, Enos Slaughter, and Willie Stargell all played in the South Atlantic League before moving on to the Major Leagues. Juan Gonzalez and Sammy Sosa, the 1998 American and National League MVP's, are also South Atlantic League alum's. Gonzalez and Sosa were teammates on the 1987 Gastonia Rangers ball club. In 1998, 385 former South Atlantic League players were on a Major League roster. The South Atlantic League is currently made up of fourteen (14) clubs including: South Atlantic League Clubs Major League Affiliates Asheville Tourists Colorado Rockies Aggusta GreenJackers Baston Red Sin Cape Lear Cross Montreat Expos Capital City Bombers Yell York Men Clearleston (SC) RiverDons Tampa Bay Devil Rays Charleston (WV) Allen Cats Kansas City Royals Calombus RedStive Clexeland Indians Delarary Shorebirds Baltimore Orioin Greensboro Bats New York Yankees Hagerstown Suns Formu Blue days Hickory Crawdads Pittsburgh Pirates Macon Braves Atlanta Braves Piedmont Ball Weevik Philadelphia Phillies Savannah Sand Grats Texas Rangers Each South Atlantic League club has a signed Player Development Contract with a major league organization. The Major League affiliates assign many of their top prospects to the South Atlantic League each year to develop their talent and give them an opportunity to test their skills against a high caliber of competition. The South Atlantic League is a full season Class A league with some of the most marketable team logos in minor league baseball. The league plays a 142 game regular season schedule that begins in April and closes with a Championship Playoff in September The President of the South Atlantic League is John Henry Moss. Moss has been President of the South Atlantic League for 39 years and has devoted his life to the game of baseball. Besides being President of the South Atlantic League, Moss has served as chairman of the executive committee of the National Association of Professional Baseball Leagues and is currently the Dean of Professional Baseball League Presidents The South Atlantic League has a rich and wonderful history, but it is a league that is also looking towards the future. The South Atlantic League continues to grow and prosper every year, and we would like the opportunity to join with your organization to form a marketing partnership for the 1999 season and beyond. HALL Oi FAME 1903-1998 SALO 95 Years 02/04/99 the 18:29 CLASS OF 1998 South Atlantic League Hall of Jame Members 1994 INDUCTEES 1995 INDUCTEES 1996 INDUCTEES 1997 INDUCTEES 1998 INDUCTEES Haok Aaron Bob Bonifay Jim Bayens Dale Murphy Martin J. Springstead Sparky Anderson Bill Bethea Arthur G. "Red" Dwyer Sheldon "Chief" Bender Dave Bristol SOUTH ATLANTIC LEAGUE INC. -> 12024562505 James "Jimmy" Bragan Cecil Darby Ed Holtz Billy "The Bull" Johnson Charles B. Morrow Leland "Lou" Brissie Bob Gibson Roy Majtyka Dwight Lowry Harley Bowers Leon "Goose" Goslin Patrick Putnam Michael C. Paterno Steve Carlton Al Lopez Hoyt Wilhelm Mel Roberts Ty Cobb Enos Slaughter Pat Williams Gene Snpakoff Judge Julian Fine Don Stafford Danny Hayling Harmon Killebrew Don Mattingly John H. Moss The South Atlantic League H.B. "Spec" Richardson Est. 1903 Frank Robinson Nolan Ryan Ryne Sandberg "The League of Choice" Willie Stargell NO. 386 D03 02/04/99 18:28 SOUTH ATLANTIC LEAGUE INC. 12024562505 NO. 386 001 1999 SOUTH ATLANTIC LEAGUE SPONSORSHIP PACKET TM EST. 1903 SOUTH ATLANTIC LEAGUE "THE LEAGUE OF CHOICE" The South Atlantic League P.O. Box 38 Kings Mountain, NC 28086 John H. Moss, President Bryan W. Olson, Assistant to the President Shawn T. Wood, League Marketing Representative Telephone: (704) 739-3466 Fax: (704) 739-1974 E-mail: [email protected] Web site: www.southatlanticleague.com 95 Years Of Baseball! But WHAT IS IMPRESSIVE about Hank Aaron is not ONLY what he did in the majors, BUT THE WAY HE GOT THERE. Aaron?s mythic rise from Alabama sandlot sensation to Major League home run king represents American greatness in the face of adversity. He spent his earliest days playing ball in the semi-pros and the Negro League -- but he was determined to reach the Majors. Although Jackie Robinson WAS THE FIRST AFRICAN AMERICAN TO BREAK the color barrier AND PLAY IN THE Majors, Aaron was the first to play in the South Atlantic/ Mrw League, the Saly League[IS THIS THE MINOR LEAGUE?], deep in the heart of the segregated South. baseball. Only two years later, in 1954, Aaron?s dedication and skill catapulted him into the professional ranks - [I'M DON'T SEE THE CONNECTION BETWEEN PRO SPORTS TO BROWN V BOARD, SO I SUGGEST CUTTING THE REST OF THE SENTENCEthe same year the Supreme Court struck down the practice of separate but equal in Brown V. the Board of Education. Aaron spent his first 12 years in Milwaukee, where the Braves captured the pennant twice, before the franchise relocated to Atlanta for the ?66 season. Although he made it all look easy on the field, most of us had no idea of the challenges Aaron faced off the diamond. Throughout his career, Hank was often forced to drink from ?colored only? water fountains; sleep in hotels separate from the team; and eat at segregated restaurants. And even as he neared Ruth?s record, Aaron received thousands upon thousands of death threats. But as Hank himself said, ?I had a job to do, and I stuck with the plan. I wasnot going to be distracted from my goal.? indell, philullmper ne Your career didn?t end when you hung up your jersey in 1976. Since then, as an executive and with Chasing the Dream Foundation, you?ve been a tireless advocate for fair treatment both to baseball players and to all Americas PLEASE EXPAND. WHAT DOES THE CHASING THE DREAM FOUNDATION DO THAT IT CAN CLAIM TO SERVE BOTH FAIRNESS FOR PLAYERS AND FAIRNS FOR "ALL AMERICANS"? Hank, that is while we?re here today TO honor NOT ONLY THE RECORDS YOU HAVE BROKEN BUT THE PATH YOU HAVE BLAZED, THE VOICE YOU HAVE RAISED FOR EQUALITY AND FAIRNESS, AND THE standard you continue to set for all of us out here in the stands. Thank you for all you have given to your team, your community and your country. Destal, vistud gunn ^^^ changion off. - total actua fairen diffal e/Biaburs (#r a litter or Draft 2/4/99 6:15pm Josh Gottheimer PRESIDENT WILLIAM J. CLINTON REMARKS FOR HANK AARON GALA FEBRUARY 5, 1999 (cower case) ATLANTA, GA indent Acknowledgments: Govs. Barnes and Miller; Reps. Joseph Kennedy, John Lewis; Sec. Herman; Mayors Campbell, Dow; Amb. Young; Rev. Jackson; NAACP President Mfume; Bob Costas (MC); Comm. Bud Selig (Major League Baseball); Ozzie Davis and Ruby Dee; Ted Turner; Jane Fonda; Gerald Levin; Dick Parsons; the Temptations; Jeffery Osborne; Ernie Banks; Sammy Sosa; Evander Holyfield; Ken Griffey, Sr. Reggie Jackson; Dave Winfield; It is a distinct privilege to be with you this evening to celebrate Hank Aaron's 65th Birthday and to launch Major League Baseball's year-long salute to one of the most dramatic moments in sports history Hammerin' Hank Aaron's 715th homerun. America's favorite pastime was built on legendary feats -- Ty Cobb's 4,189 hits; Cal Ripkins' 2,632 consecutive games, and, just this year, Mark McGwire's 70 homeruns and sammy sosa's 66. But who could forget that historic night on April 8, 1974 before a sold-out crowd at Atlanta's Fulton County stadium, when Hank launched number 715 off Dodger Al Downing and smashing Babe Ruth's 38-year-old record. ad only That night might have marked Aaron's crowning achievement but it was but one feat in a career chock full of accomplishment. Hank continues to hold more Major League batting records than any other player in history -- from 2,297 RBIs to 3,771 career hits to 755 career home runs. Hanlis = Aaron $ mythic rise from Alabama sandlot sensation to Major League home run king represents American greatness in the face of adversity. He spent his earliest days playing ball in in the semi-pros and the Negro League but He was determined to reach the Majors. Nothing was going to hold him back. African -Am. ) Hank Aaron was the first black to play in the South Atlantic League, the Saly League, - Not pitcher on opposing deep in the heart of the segregated South. Although Jackie Robinson had broken the color not an outfield barrier into the Majors less than a decade earlier, before there were still only a handful few of blacks in full of all- stare, and- baseball. But only two years later in 1954, Aaron' Hank S dedication and skill catapulted him into the least of au- professional ranks the same year the Supreme Court struck down the practice of separate but not the equal in Brown V. the Board of Education. Aaron Hanh spent his first 12 years in Milwaukee, where- prejudice that helped lead the Braves eaptured the pennant twice, before the franchise relocated to Atlanta for the '66 to two prevailed season. during his earliest days at bat. so effortless. so But few of us knew Although he made it all look easy on the field, most of us had no idea of the challenges the Aaron faced off the diamond. Throughout his career, Hank was often forced to drink from colored only" water fountains; sleep in hotels separate from the team; and eat at segregated restaurants. And even as he neared Ruth's record, Aaron received thousands upon thousands of death threats. But as Hank himself said, "I had a job to do, and I stuck with the plan. I was not going to be distracted from my goal." Hink t. Hank, that is why we're here today -- not only to honor your records, but to recognize your commitment to your Atlanta Braves, your community, and to all of us for whom you are still a hero. Thank you, Henry, for that example, for your steady voice for equality, integrity and change -- and for the standard you continue to set for all of out here in the stands. Hale Aar Draft 2/4/99 7pm Josh Gottheimer PRESIDENT WILLIAM J. CLINTON REMARKS FOR HANK AARON GALA ATLANTA, GA February 5, 1999 Acknowledgments: Govs. Barnes and Miller; Reps. Joseph Kennedy, John Lewis; Sec. Herman; Mayors Campbell, Dow; Amb. Young; Rev. Jackson; NAACP President Mfume; Bob Costas (MC); Comm. Bud Selig (Major League Baseball); Ozzie Davis and Ruby Dee; Ted Turner; Jane Fonda; Gerald Levin; Dick Parsons; the Temptations; Jeffery Osborne; Ernie Banks; Sammy Sosa; Evander Holyfield; Ken Griffey, Sr; Reggie Jackson; Dave Winfield It is a privilege to be with you this evening to celebrate Hank Aaron's 65th Birthday -- and to launch Major League Baseball's year-long salute to one of the most dramatic moments in sports history -- Hammerin' Hank Aaron's 715th homerun. America's favorite pastime was built on legendary feats -- Ty Cobb's 4,189 hits; Cal Ripkins' 2,632 consecutive games, and, just this year, Mark McGwire's 70 homeruns and Sammy Sosa's 66th. But who could forget that historic night on April 8, 1974 before a sold-out crowd at Atlanta's Fulton County stadium, when Hank Aaron launched number 715 -- and smashed Babe Ruth's 38-year-old record. That night might have marked Hank Aaron's crowning achievement. But it was only one feat in a career full of accomplishment. Hank continues to hold more Major League batting records than any other player in history -- from 2,297 RBIs to 3,771 career hits to 755 career home runs. But perhaps the most impressive thing about Hank Aaron is not what he did in the majors. It was the way he got there. Hank's mythic rise from Alabama sandlot sensation to Major League home-run king represents American greatness in the face of adversity. He was determined to reach the Majors. Nothing was going to hold him back. Not an opposing pitcher, not an outfield full of all-stars, and -- least of all -- not the prejudice that prevailed during his earliest days at bat. Hank Aaron was the first African-American to play in the South Atlantic League -- the Saly League -- deep in the heart of the segregated South. Although Jackie Robinson had broken the color barrier into the Majors less than a decade before, there were still only a few blacks in baseball. But, in 1954, Hank Aaron's dedication and skill catapulted him into the professional ranks -- the same year the Supreme Court struck down the practice of separate but equal in Brown V. Board of Education. Hank spent his first 12 years in Milwaukee, and helped lead the Braves to two pennants, before the franchise relocated to Atlanta for the '66 season. He made it all look so easy on the field. So effortless. But few of us knew the challenges Hank Aaron faced off the diamond. Throughout his career, Hank was often forced to drink from "colored only" water fountains; sleep in hotels separate from the team; and eat at segregated restaurants. And even as he neared Ruth's record, Hank Aaron received thousands upon thousands of death threats. But as Hank himself said, "I had a job to do, and I stuck with the plan. I was not going to be distracted from my goal." Your career didn't end when you hung up your jersey in 1976. You're still breaking barriers even today. Since then, as an executive and with your Chasing the Dream Foundation, you've been a tireless advocate for fair treatment both to baseball players and to all Americas. Hank, that is why we're here today -- not only to honor your records, but to recognize who you are as a person -- your steady voice for equality, integrity and change -- and the standard you continue to set for all of us out here in the stands. Thank you for all you have given to your team, your community and your country. 2 Draft 2/4/99 6:50pm Josh Gottheimer PRESIDENT WILLIAM J. CLINTON REMARKS FOR HANK AARON GALA FEBRUARY 5, 1999 ATLANTA, GA Acknowledgments: Govs. Barnes and Miller; Reps. Joseph Kennedy, John Lewis; Sec. Herman; Mayors Campbell, Dow; Amb. Young; Rev. Jackson; NAACP President Mfume; Bob Costas (MC); Comm. Bud Selig (Major League Baseball); Ozzie Davis and Ruby Dee; Ted Turner; Jane Fonda; Gerald Levin; Dick Parsons; the Temptations; Jeffery Osborne; Ernie Banks; Sammy Sosa; Evander Holyfield; Ken Griffey, Sr; Reggie Jackson; Dave Winfield; It is a privilege to be with you this evening to celebrate Hank Aaron's 65th Birthday -- and to launch Major League Baseball's year-long salute to one of the most dramatic moments in sports history -- Hammerin' Hank Aaron's 715th homerun. America's favorite pastime was built on legendary feats -- Ty Cobb's 4,189 hits; Cal Ripkins' 2,632 consecutive games, and, just this year, Mark McGwire's 70 homeruns. But who could forget that historic night on April 8, 1974 before a sold-out crowd at Atlanta's Fulton County stadium, when Hank launched number 715 off Dodger Al Downing -- smashing Babe Ruth's 38-year-old record. That night might have marked Aaron's crowning achievement, but it was only one feat in a career full of accomplishment. Hank continues to hold more Major League batting records than any other player in history -- from 2,297 RBIs to 3,771 career hits to 755 career home runs. But perhaps the most impressive thing about Hank Aaron is not what he did in the majors. It was the way he got there. Aaron's mythic rise from Alabama sandlot sensation to Major League home run king represents American greatness in the face of adversity. He spent his earliest days playing ball in the semi-pros and the Negro League -- but he was determined to reach the Majors. Aaron was the first African American to play in the South Atlantic League, the Saly League, deep in the heart of the segregated South. Although Jackie Robinson had broken the color barrier into the Majors less than a decade earlier, there were still only a handful of blacks in baseball. But only two years later, in 1954, Aaron's dedication and skill catapulted him into the professional ranks -- the same year the Supreme Court struck down the practice of separate but equal in Brown V. the Board of Education. Aaron spent his first 12 years in Milwaukee, where the Braves captured the pennant twice, before the franchise relocated to Atlanta for the '66 season. Although he made it all look easy on the field, most of us had no idea of the challenges Aaron faced off the diamond. Throughout his career, Hank was often forced to drink from "colored only" water fountains; sleep in hotels separate from the team; and eat at segregated restaurants. And even as he neared Ruth's record, Aaron received thousands upon thousands of death threats. But as Hank himself said, "I had a job to do, and I stuck with the plan. I was not going to be distracted from my goal." Your career didn't end when you hung up your jersey in 1976. Since then, as an executive and with Chasing the Dream Foundation, you've been a tireless advocate for fair treatment both to baseball players and to all Americas. Hank, that is why we're here today -- not only to honor your records, but to recognize who you are as a person -- your steady voice for equality, integrity and change -- and for the standard you continue to set for all of us out here in the stands. Thank you for all you have given to your team, your community and your country. Although he made it all look easy on the field, most of us had no idea of the challenges Aaron faced off the diamond. Throughout his career, Hank was often forced to drink from "colored only" water fountains; sleep in hotels separate from the team; and eat at segregated restaurants. And even as he neared Ruth's record, Aaron received thousands upon thousands of death threats. But as Hank himself said, "I had a job to do, and I stuck with the plan. I was not going to be distracted from my goal." Hank, that is why we're here today -- not only to honor your records, but to recognize who you your commitment to your Atlanta Braves, your community, and to all of us for whom you are are as still a here. Thank you, Henry, for that example, for our steady voice for equality, integrity and a person- change -- and for the standard you continue to set for all of out here in the stands Vene thank you. And Forall you have wanty, comm, we thank Et your you. your given to your team, your team, X your community, and you Z You are a hero to us all, Hank, and for that example, that we thank you M Hau 1 For ar you "reclues which wake calined am advance your anlels w\- and 1 Chirry guyst, to Fandation You & s call we you p y way jess up you 19-1976 1976 sine per or as yule advocuts M excutet be for * a fair thether the bell Amount. pight + to au 4,M & Draft 2/4/99 6pm Josh Gottheimer PRESIDENT WILLIAM J. CLINTON REMARKS FOR HANK AARON GALA FEBRUARY 5, 1999 ATLANTA, GA Acknowledgments: Govs. Barnes and Miller: Heps. Joseph Kennedy, John Lewis; Sec. Herman; Mayors Campbell, Dow; Amb. Young; Rev. Jackson; NAACP President Mfume; Bob Costas (MC); Comm. Bud Selig (Major League Baseball); Ozzie Davis and Ruby Dee; Ted Turner; Jane Fonda; Gerald Levin; Dick Parsons; the Tempt itions; Jeffery Osborne; Ernie Banks; Sammy Sosa; Evander Holyfield; Ken Griffey, Sr. Reg ge Jackson; Dave Winfield; It is a distinct privilege to be with you this evening to celebrate Hank Aaron's 65th Birthday -- and to launch Major League Baseball's year-long salute to one of the most dramatic moments in sports history -- Hammerin' Hank Aaron's 715th homerun. America's favorite pastime was built OL legendary feats To Cobb's 4,189 hits; Cal Ripkins 2,632 consecutive games, and, just thi year, Mark McGwire's 70 homeruns. But who could forget that historic high on April 8, 1974 before a sold-out crowd at Atlanta's Fulton County stadium, when Hank I nunched number 715 off Dodger Al Downing -- smashing Babe Ruth's 38year-old record. That night might have marked Aaron's crowning achievement, but it was but one feat in a career chock full of accomplishment. Hank continues to hold more Major League batting records than any other player in history -- from 2.297 EBIs to 3,771 career hits to 755 career home runs. Aaron's mythic rise from Alabama sandlot sensation to Major League home run king represents American greatness in the fac of a versity. Aaron spent his earliest days playing ball in the semi-pros and the Negro League but h was determined to reach the Majors. Although Jackie Robinson had broken the color barrier less than a decade earlier, Aaron was the first black to play in the South Atlantic League -- deep in the heart of the segregated South. Only two years later, in 1954, he broke into the majors, the sar 10 year the Supreme Court struck down the practice of separate but equal. Aaron spent his first 12 years in Milwaukee, where the Braves captured the pennant twice, before the franchis relocated to Atlanta for the '66 season. Although he made it all look easy in the field, most of us had no idea of the challenges he faced off the diamond. Throughout his care '|`, Hank was often forced to dink from "colored only" water fountains; sleep in hotels separate from the team; and eat at segregated restaurants. And even as he neared Ruth's record, Aaron re reived thousands upon thousands of death threats. But as Hank himself said, "I had a job to do. a di I stuck with the plan. I was not going to be distracted from my goal." Hank, that is why we're here today -- n "l only to honor your records, but to recognize your commitment to your Atlanta Braves. your community, and to all of us for whom you are still a hero. Thank you, Henry, for that exampl :. for your steady voice for equality, integrity and change -- and for the standard you continue to set for all of out here in the stands. Josh- Saly League South Atlantic league class A league