Ask the Scholar

Document scope · 1 page
doc
Scholar
Ask about this object, its catalog metadata, its source description, or the page inventory. For page-specific OCR and visual context, open one of the page chats.

Scholar Source Context

Document identity
localId
158697482
label
Fast Track – Current (9/97) [1]
core
doc
dtoType
document
pageCount
1
Source metadata
Source extras
naId
158697482
levelOfDescription
fileUnit
otherTitles
42-t-100220617-20170401F-030-006-2019
recordType
description
ocrSource
nara-archive
Single page context
seq
1
pageIndex
0
type
document
mediaId
bde552123510441a
ocrText
FOIA Number: 2017-0401-F FOIA MARKER This is not a textual record. This is used as an administrative marker by the William J. Clinton Presidential Library Staff. Collection/Record Group: Clinton Presidential Records Subgroup/Office of Origin: Special Envoy for the Americas Series/Staff Member: General Files Subseries: OA/ID Number: 11851 FolderID: Folder Title: Fast Track - Current (9/97) [1] Stack: Row: Section: Shelf: Position: S 66 3 9 3 Withdrawal/Redaction Sheet Clinton Library DOCUMENT NO. SUBJECT/TITLE DATE RESTRICTION AND TYPE 001. memo Ana Buque to the WAVES Center; RE: Personally Identifiable 07/14/1997 #Error Information [partial] (1 page) COLLECTION: Clinton Presidential Records Special Envoy for the Americas General Files OA/Box Number: 11851 FOLDER TITLE: Fast Track - Current (9/97) [1] 2017-0401-F db4733 RESTRICTION CODES Presidential Records Act - |44 U.S.C. 2204(a)] Freedom of Information Act - 15 U.S.C. 552(b)] P1 National Security Classified Information [(a)(1) of the PRAJ b(1) National security classified information [(b)(1) of the FOIA] P2 Relating to the appointment to Federal office [(a)(2) of the PRAJ b(2) Release would disclose internal personnel rules and practices of P3 Release would violate a Federal statute |(a)(3) of the PRA| an agency [(b)(2) of the FOIA| P4 Release would disclose trade secrets or confidential commercial or b(3) Release would violate a Federal statute [(b)(3) of the FOIA] financial information |(a)(4) of the PRAJ b(4) Release would disclose trade secrets or confidential or financial P5 Release would disclose confidential advice between the President information [(b)(4) of the FOIA] and his advisors, or between such advisors [a)(5) of the PRA] b(6) Release would constitute a clearly unwarranted invasion of P6 Release would constitute a clearly unwarranted invasion of personal privacy |(b)(6) of the FOIA] personal privacy [(a)(6) of the PRA| b(7) Release would disclose information compiled for law enforcement purposes [(b)(7) of the FOIA] C. Closed in accordance with restrictions contained in donor's deed b(8) Release would disclose information concerning the regulation of of gift. financial institutions |(b)(8) of the FOIA] PRM. Personal record misfile defined in accordance with 44 U.S.C. b(9) Release would disclose geological or geophysical information 2201(3). concerning wells [(b)(9) of the FOIA] RR. Document will be reviewed upon request. A22 NE+ THE NEW YORK TIMES EDITORIAI ARTHUR OCHS SULZBERGER JR., Publisher JOSEPH LELYVELD, Executive Editor GENE ROBERTS, Managing Editor GERALD M. BOYD, Deputy Managing Editor JOHN M. GEDDES, Deputy Managing Editor BILL KELLER, Deputy Managing Editor The New York Times Assistant Managing Editors SOMA GOLDEN BEHR CAROLYN LEE DAVID R. JONES JACK ROSENTHAL ALLAN M. SIEGAL Founded in 1851 ADOLPH S. OCHS, Publisher 1896-1935 HOWELL RAINES, Editorial Page Editor ARTHUR HAYS SULZBERGER, Publisher 1935-1961 PHILIP M. BOFFEY, Deputy Editorial Page Editor ORVIL E. DRYFOOS, Publisher 1961-1963 ARTHUR OCHS SULZBERGER, Publisher 1963-1992 JANET L. ROBINSON, President, General Manager WILLIAM L. POLLAK. Executive V.P., Circulation PENELOPE MUSE ABERNATHY, Senior V.P., Planning DANIEL H. COHEN, Senior V.P., Advertising RICHARD H. GILMAN, Senior V.P., Operations RAYMOND E. DOUGLAS, V.P., Systems and Technology CHARLES E. SHELTON, V.P., Distribution DENNIS L. STERN, V.P., Human Resources DAVID A. THURM, V.P., Production Mr. Clinton Deserves 'Fast Track' President Clinton begins an important battle Gephardt, proclaim. Low wages largely reflect low with Congress this week for renewal of "fast track" productivity, providing no net benefit to foreign authority, the right to submit trade agreements to manufacturers. Nor would higher foreign wages Congress for a speedy vote without amendments. help American companies. Rising production costs 1 Without fast-track protection, countries will not would be offset by a falling exchange rate, leaving negotiate trade accords with Washington for fear of the net cost of imports to American buyers largely endless revision, Not surprisingly, protectionist unchanged. forces within both parties would be happy to block That said, the Administration goes too far in the no-amendment rule, even though every Presi- claiming that trade helps everyone. The influx into dent over the past 20 years has used the rule to open the United States of clothing and other goods pro- up foreign markets and also bring down prices for duced with low-skilled labor has modestly pushed American consumers. the wages of unskilled workers further behind the The Administration needs fast track to com- wages of skilled workers. But rising inequality plete negotiations within the World Trade Organiza- should not be confused with falling living standards. tion on opening markets to foreign-provided serv- ices, tightening copyright protections and prying After taking account of lower prices for imported open government contracts to bids by foreign com- goods and the availability of jobs in a fully em- panies. Fast track is also needed to negotiate trade ployed economy, very few Americans actually lose. agreements with Chile and other South American Though labor and environmental conditions are countries. They are already negotiating deals with rarely related directly to trade, the United States Europe, Mexico and Canada that would give exports should condition trade pacts on a country's willing- from those countries favored access. ness to adopt agreements that provide basic inter- Opponents ranging from isolationists to pro- national protections, like prohibitions on child labor union liberals indict trade pacts with environmen- and rights for union organizers. As in the trade tally lax and low-wage countries. The claim is that accord with Mexico, Washington ought to insist that these countries steal American jobs and drive down countries, like Chile, strictly enforce their own living standards of American workers. But trade environmental laws. itself does not create or destroy jobs. The American Bill Archer, chairman of the House Ways and economy will operate near full employment as long Means Committee, proposes a reasonable compro- as Federal Reserve and budgetary policies remain mise that would allow the Administration to incor- sensible. Trade does shift jobs from apparel and porate into the text of a fast-track accord labor and other low-paying industries into high-paying export environmental conditions that directly affect trade industries. The transition can be rough, but the long- in specific products. The details remain to be term benefits are substantial. worked out, but the Archer plan offers an opportuni- Nor are low foreign wages the scourge that the ty to fashion a sensible fast-track plan that can be PHOTOCOPY forces led by the House majority leader, Richard made acceptable to Democrats. PRESERVATION T.P him Page 10 ROLL CALL Thursday, July 17, 1997 the 1 582 DISCOT PENNSYLVANIA AVENUE By Morton M. Kondracke NAFTA Redux: US trade power to influence other countries' formation technology, biotechnology, agricul- bring other nations up to US standards, re- domestic policies or, failing that, deny Clin- ture, and professional services with Asian coun- ducing the chances that American companies Both Sides Gear Up ton power to negotiate new pacts. tries and at the World Trade Organization. will flee to low-wage nations where environ- Politically, the battle over fast-track trade The Administration argues that open trade is mental enforcement is weak. For 'Fast Track' Fight authority will be a major test of strength be- partly responsible for America's current eco- Congressional Republicans, however, tween "old Democrats" led by House Minor- nomic boom and low inflation and that, without adamantly oppose any effort to weigh down W hile taxes, Medicare, and scandal ity Leader Dick Gephardt (Mo) and "new renewed fast track authority, the US will lose out trade pacts with labor or other restrictions ex- probes dominate Washington sum- Democrats" led by President Clinton and his as other nations rush to negotiate trade deals. cept when they are "directly related" to trade mer agenda. the White House and its would-be successor, Vice President Al Gore. Labor unions and Gephardt counter that as when a foreign country uses environ- adversaries are gearing up for a bruising fight It also will be a test of whether nationalist- free trade also is responsible for stagnant mental regulations to keep US products out. this fall over trade legislation. isolationist sentiment is gaining in the Re- wages among the poor and unskilled, who The Administration, arguing that foreign The Clinton Administration sees Congres- publican party. can compete with foreign workers. countries won't stand for Gephardt-like inva- sional approval of fast-track authority to negoti- "Fast track" gives the President authority to Gephardt insisted in a recent interview that sions of their sovereignty, wants a "clean bill" ate new trade agreements as a major part of negotiate trade deals, which then can only be he and labor unions are not "protectionist," authorizing fast track. both its foreign policy and its domestic agenda. voted up or down by Congress, not endlessly but want it written into trade pacts that the US Gephardt's staff complains that the Ad- Lining up against the White House is an amended. Having won fights over NAFTA and will close its markets if other countries do not ministration has been unwilling even to ne- odd coalition of organized labor, some envi- GATT. Clinton intends to seck free-trade pacts live up to their own labor, environmental, hu- gotiate. "They want a fight," said one aide. ronmental and consumer groups, and Ross and well as so-called man rights, and anti-drug laws. "They want to establish Clinton as an inter- Perot and Pat Buchanan, who want to use "sectoral" market-opening agreements on in- Gephardt said that the aim is to gradually national leader or to isolate one part of the Democratic party. It a testosterone test.' Clinton aides confirm that they aren negoti- ating with Gephardt or labor because "nothing we could give them would win their support. They ve never supported a free-trade deal.' Formally, the trade fight begins in mid-Sep tember, when Clinton and Gore roll out their fast-track proposal. In fact, however, the fight is already on. US Trade Representative Char- lene Barshefsky has held 170 briefings with Members, and the Administration is getting ready to hire Jay Berman, presideriti of the PLEASE BE PREPARED TO Recording Industries Association of America, to spearhead the fast-track sales effort. The AFL-CIO also has brought on a chief track strategist, Mike Tiner, and is planning BRING YOUR SEAT FORWARD, The battle over trade authority will be a major test of. strength between YOUR TRAY TABLE INTO ITS two party factions: Gephardt's 'old Democrats' versus the Administration's LOCKED AND UPRIGHT POSITION 'new Democrats.' to spend several million dollars during Con- gress's August recess on local TV advertising. Simultaneously, the Business Roundtable is AND DIG VERY DEEPLY planning its own TV blitz, to be supplemented by invitations for Members to visit industries prospering because of foreign trade. The 'new Democrat" Democratic Leadership Council also plans to weigh in on the Clinton/ Gore side, INTO YOUR POCKETS. mobilizing government officials. Early vote-counting suggests that Clinton faces a tough fight, but one he ought to win if he wages an all-out effort. Clinton pollster Mark Penn has told White House aides that 62 percent of Americans support "free trade" and 82 percent, "fair trade" suggesting that the White House campaign will promise that Clin- Right now Congress is considering proposals that would raise the price of flying and ton will seek "tough, fair trade agreements. undermine the travel and tourism industry, which accounts for nearly six percent of the Penn's polls also show a significant gender gap on percent of men and nation's GDP and generates nearly nine million private sector jobs. The most unfair of these 55 percent of women in favor of free trade, in- proposals originates in the Senate It would place two-thirds of the revenue burden on interna- cluding 54 percent of male Democrats and tional travelers through a combination of international charges. The House proposal- 39 percent of female Democrats. Trade lobbyist and vote-counter Phil Potter Congressman Archer's plan-is fairer and less threatening to the economy. says that the likely winning majorities for fast track will be 150 to 160 Republicans and 60 to 70 Democrats in the House, and plus We urge you to back the voices of fairness and reason in Congress. Republicans and 20 Democrats in the Senate. Please call your Senators and Representatives today. Just call 202-224-3121. Gore and Clinton will want to maximize Tell them to save you hundreds-if not thousands-of dollars by supporting Democratic support with Senate Minority the House proposal. Do it today. On July 18, it will be too late. Leader Daschle (D-SD) as crucial play- er but they also can't risk offending Re- publicans. In 1993, only 43 House Republi- cans voted against NAFTA, but 56 voted in United Airlines 1994 against the GATT trade agreement and 79 voted this year against MFN for China. Clinton has been a big winner so far this year in Congress on the budget, chemical weapons, and MFN. But trade will be a big test, not just for him, but also for Gephardt, Gore, and GOP leaders. It's NAFTA redux a helluva fight. PHOTOCOPY PRESERVATION Page 6 ROLL CALL Monday, July 7, 1997 PENNSYLVANIA AVENUE By Morton M. Kondracke Surprise! Clinton of US troops in Somalia, being intimidated by the world and in the US, and to expansion of can be achieved. Some Clinton aides say that, thugs in Haiti, and having diplomatic initia NATO to keep the US cemented in the post- de facto, the world lives under a Pax Ameri- Is a Good Foreign lives bluntly rebuffed in China and Bosnia. Cold War European security structure. cana and that Clinton wants to keep it that way. To the despair of his Secretaries of State and In both cases, he faces fights in Congress The seven competing visions identified by Policy President Defense, Clinton wasn't interested in foreign to keep the momentum going this year on Robert Harkavy of Pennsy Ivania State Uni- affairs and spent little time on it. The results fast-track authority to negotiate new trade versity are: A S President Clinton heads to Europe this showed in repeated humiliations for the US agreements and in 1998 on Senate ratification (1) A three-bloc world in which Europe, week to preside over expansion of and the Administration of NATO expansion. Asia, and America are "geo-economic" and NATO, it's hard to remember that this But that's changed. Besides deciding it was But contrary to the rap that his foreign pol- perhaps geopolitical rivals; is the same President who made such a mess dangerous not to pay attention to foreignaffairs, icy is driven simply by domestic politics, (2) The multipolar, balance-of-power of foreign policy at the outset of his first term. Clinton also got lucky. Former President Jim- there is a distinct vision to Clinton's view of world order anticipated by Henry Kissinger; It's too much to say that Clinton has been a my Carter saved him from disaster in Korea and the US place in the world, if not exactly a (3) "Zones of peace/zones of chaos," the great foreign policy president luckily, he's in Haiti, and Croatian military advances gave grand strategy. theory of Robert Kaplan that the Third World had no wars or grave crises to face but his him a second chance to build peace in Bosnia. One scholar has identified seven models for faces environmental and political catastrophe strategy and execution so far have been very However, Clinton also deserves credit for the shape of the world's future, and the evi- while the industrial world prospers; good, setting up the structure for continued developing a sound overall strategy almost dence suggests that Clinton isn't confused (4) The "clash of civilizations" theory of US global leadership in the 21st century. from the outset on two key fronts: world trade about which one he believes in Harvard's Samuel Huntington, which antici- Clinton's success in this arena is a surpris- and Europe. Clearly, Clinton thinks that the United States pates conflict between Muslims, Christians, development in view of the disasters he en- He's been dedicated since 1993 to an open is the world's lone superpower, the "indis- and Confucians; dured early in his first term, such as the death trading system, the key to prosperity around pensable nation" without which nothing useful (5) The "global village" model identified by left-wing scholar Richard Bamet, in which all the world's peoples are victimized by supra-national corporations; (6) A bipolar world, with the US and Chi- na as 21st century rivals; and (7) The unipolar, one-superpower world first identified by columnist Charles Krauthammer. Clinton is operating under the last model and trying to make sure that the others are short-circuited, especially the three-bloc or two-bloc scenarios. This accounts for his Clinton deserves credit for developing a sound overall strategy from the Accelerated outset on two key fronts: world trade and Europe. NATO initiative, efforts to get along with Communist China, and the formation of links to other Asian countries. But there are dangers to the system Clinton is trying to foster. A famine-crazed North Ko- rea could launch a desperate attack on South Korea, making Clinton a war president. Re- lations with China could easily become ad- versarial, and Clinton_could be embarrassed Approving the V-22 program was smart. by renewed warfare in the Balkans. Dangers also face him in Congress, where-- Saving $6 billion now would be brilliant a majority of Democrats and a growing mi- nority of nationalistic Republicans oppose Mark, fast-track. In debate this fall, Clinton will be. always helped, though, by the booming US economy The decision to fund the Bell Boeing V-22 program was a clear signal of America's and low unemployment, which refute the idea determination to maintain a highly flexible, worldwide deployment capability that is both a that free trade "sucks" jobs out of the country. NATO expansion, Clinton- is opposed effective and affordable. by dd collection of liberal doves and hawk hard-liners, ranging from Rep. Barney Frank A model of efficiency and productivity, the versatile V-22 is the only (D-Mass) and former arms control chief Paul vertical-lift aircraft designed to be effective anywhere today's smaller, more mobile Warnke on the left to former Pentagon offi- cial/Fred Ikle, Russia scholar Richard Pipes, military might find itself In combat, transporting troops and equipment. In and former Sen. Gordon Humphrey (R-NH) on the right. peacekeeping, helping calm volatile trouble spots and evacuating U:S. citizens. The opposition also includes such centrists Even in humanitarian roles, helping those unable to help themselves. as former Sen. Sam Nunn (D-Ga) and former Clintonadviser Michael Mandelbaum. the But despite all the obvious benefits of the V-22, deploying it will take other hand, Foreign Relations Committee ranking member Joe Biden (D-Del), who had over 20 years at the current production rate. That delay will deprive our quick- been opposed, has declared in favor of ex- reaction forces of the aircraft with the speed, range, payload and survivability pansion, though he says that getting two-thirds of the Senate toapprove it will be 'areal fight. they need to execute their missions. Opposition is based on potential cost, fear of renewed Russian nationalism. and the prob- Accelerating production would put the V-22 fleet into the field sooner, providing lem of Central European states left out of the expansion. several additional years of vital air transport. And a recent study proves accelerating So far, Clinton has met the objections by the program would also save six billion dollars. seeking European cost-sharing. winning as- sent from Russian President Boris Yeltsin, and Consider all the facts in terms of what is best for the country now and for tomorrow permanently excluding no democracy from membership. He II make a side trip this week Because the future will be here sooner than we think to Romania to stress the point. With budget constraints and advancing lame-duckhood increasingly impairing his The Tiltrotor Team ability to institute domestic initiatives. Clinton 07997 d"Hebcopter Textion Inc /Boemg Helicopters may well major in foreign policy for his last years in office Hc might even get a top grade. PHOTOCOPY PRESERVATION Page 6 ROLL CALL Monday, June 16, 1997 PENNSYLVANIA AVENUE By Morton M. Kondracke Early 2000 Score Is position to the budget deal that Clinton cut $35,000 per year by giving them a $200 per If so, that would be a major triumph for with Congressional Republicans. person credit for Social Security taxes. Clinton, who has been trying to re-orient the Gore 2, Gephardt 0, The second test occurred in two House During the caucuses, moderate Democrats party to a new, less goverment-heavy direc- Democratic Caucus meetings on June 5 and like Rep. Cal Dooley (Calif) argued that a tax tion. Gore is Clinton's partner in the endeav- But Stay Tuned June 10, when a lopsided consensus devel- plan so heavily skewed to the poor would hurt or and will have to run in 2000 on the success oped in favor of a Democratic tax proposal Democats in middle-class districts, which or failure of that effort. A fter the first two tests of strength of the that held to the terms of Clinton's budget they need to win in order to recapture control Even though Gore is leading Gephardt af 2000 Democratic presidential race, the deal. of the House in 1998. ter two rounds, the 1997 maneuvering is fai score is Vice President Al Gore 2, No votes were taken, but It was clear that Gephardt, who earlier blasted the budget from over. Other key tests will come over fi House Minority Leader Dick Gephardt (Mo) the deal-breaking alternative offered by Rep. deal for deficit of fairness" and tried to or- nal passage of the budget. most-favored-na- 0. But by this fall, Gephardt could narrow the Jim McDermott (Wash) was supported only ganize opposition to its tax provisions, ended tion trade status for China, and fast-track au- gap. by 20-odd Democratic liberals. up supporting the tax alternative drawn up by thority for trade agreements. Gephardt has suffered two defeats trying to They were the only ones cheering when Ways and Means Committee Democrats that Gephardt and the Administration presently pull House Democrats away from President Rep. Jesse Jackson Jr. (III) declared during the closcly tracked Clinton's position. are united in opposition to the House Repub- Clinton's budget deal, but he could win future June 5 meeting, "It's time to declare the Clin- Besides raising doubts about Gephardt's, lican version of the tax bill, but eventually fights over the budget and trade. ton era over and move on." ability to lead his own troops against Clinton Clinton and Gore will have to decide whether The first contest occurred on May 20, when McDermott's proposal would have direct- and Gore, the Democratic budget decisions to support or oppose the final version pro- only 72 of 204 House Democrats present and ed $130 billion worth of tax relief over five suggest that the center of gravity in the Dem- duced by Congress. voting (35 percent) supported Gephardt in op- years mainly to families making less than ocratic party has shifted to the center. As a Republican document, it almost cer- tainly will contain more tax breaks for the wealthy than Clinton now favors, and Gephardt is certain to be against it. If Clinton supports the final House-Senate conference report as a means of securing a nnkeepers, awake! bipartisan budget deal, Gephardt will have another chance to pull away a majority of Democrats and score a victory over Clin- ton/Gore. Of course, if the final version is truly dis- tasteful to Clinton, he could use his veto to ca- jole Republicans into an acceptable compro- Gephardt has suffered two defeats trying to pull House Democrats away from President Clinton's budget deal, but he could "The cruise lines win future fights on the are coming! budget and trade. mise as he did in the disaster supplemental The cruise lines fight, burnishing his image as a crafty leader and boosting Gore by reflection. are coming!" On trade, Gephardt is on somewhat stronger ground, at least on fast-track. Vote- counters think that Clinton presently stands to win a majority of House Democrats on MFN forChina-possiblyabigger majority among Democrats than among Republicans, since Christian conservatives are contesting that party's free-trade tradition. Picture this: But fast-track is a much tougher fight. De- terioration of free-trade sentiment among Re- An array of 130 hotels, Well, that's last what some groups on American publicans means that instead of being able to tasinos, resorts and patch together a majority with 160 Republi- with Jobs cans and 60 Democrats, Clinton may need 80 or 90 Democrats. all major Hotels in Vegas Act be repealed modified in America's The AFL-CIO is gearing up to assist and Atlantic City, combined of so the oreign Gephardt in defeating fast track with TV ads Invade your territory to flag cruise lines can Markets running in the districts of moderate and con- compete for your Customers. their growing fleets of servative Democrats declaring, "Don't let the AB If that weren't enough, floating mega hotels, and casinos in America's Wake-up call people who brought you NAFTA do it to you your new compèti bring domestic with brought you again." with them the following those unbeatable cost- laving World city Corporation and the The ads claim that the North American Free cost advantages: Unifican Flagship Project competitive Trade Agreement - whose ratification Clin- employment of non-U.S ton won in 1993 despite the opposition of workers (and no minimum Do you have World City Corporation Gephardt and a majority of Democrats has wage requirements) 330 East 43rd Street a-problem with been a job-loser for American workers. New York, New York 10017 The Administration faces the difficult task exemption 11. that? compliance with laws of convincing Congress and the public that governing the Affierican NAFTA has been a success, in spite of a US workplace (ã) write your Members of trade deficit with Mexico, because it prevent- Congress ed an economic crisis in Mexico from being freed from payment of (b) alert your employe and worse than it was. U.S. state and federal taxes shareholders ON HOW Gore last month declared that opponents of operation of casinos free situation would affect them free trade are the advocates of "outdated poli- from any state regulation cies" that are "just plain dangerous in the in- formation age" and are "the exact opposite of capital Costs financed what the country needs." to 10% by foreign Look for Clinton/Gore to score three vic- governments tories over Gephardt on the budget and one on MFN; Gephardt, however, stands a good chance of coming back on fast-track. But if Gore wins that one, 100, the game may be up for traditional labor liberals. PHOTOCOPY PRESERVATION FAXED To MARK PENN w/NOTE THAT You WILL TRY To CALL Him TOMORROW. to Fast or Fatal Track for Democrats? The Irishman, as William Butler Yeats ists. the Pat Buchanan-led economic na- It also goes to the politics of 2000. Leal- ts-privately. that number is more like tionalists and Ross Perot. ing the fight against fast track will re 70-out of the 206 total House Democrats. wrote. has "an abiding sense of tragedy which sustains him through temporary pe- Despite the strong economy. the public House Minority Leader Dick Gephardt (I., But according to a reliable Democratic riods of joy. If political parties were na- is skeptical of unfettered free trade. In this Mo.). Within the administration sits an 111- strategist, there are currently fewer than week's Wall Street Journal/NBC News comfortable Vice President Albert Goe, 60 Democratic votes for fast-track. AI a tionalities. the Democrats would be Irish. For Democrats, joyful over the schisms poll. respondents by a stunning 2-to-1 mar- who knows the issue is going to cause hm White House meeting last week. Rep. plaguing Republicans, there is a looming gin opposed giving the president fast-track grief with core constituencies. Charles Rangel of New York, the ranking calamity: the fast-track initiative Presi- Mr. Gephardt has tried to persuade he Democrat on the Ways and Means cont- authority. dent Clinton will propose in September to Some of this is H residual effect of the administration to water down any request mittee. pointedly warned the president he 1993, North America Free Trade Agree- for Cast-track authority. in order to Unit has to do more for workers displaced by THE WALL STREET JOURNAL THURSDAY, JULY 31, 1997 give him authority to negotiate free-trade agreements. ment. U.S. Trade Representative Charlene the political fallout; even free-trade )e- trade pacts Other concessions may prove very clu- There are two realities here: One, fast- Barshefsky, in laying the groundwork for mocrats like California's Vic Fazio have track is essential if the U.S. is to continue voiced concern to both Mr. Gephardt and sive. The Nafta side agreement on labor fast-track legislation, has talked to more to play a leading role in the global econ- than 175 members of Congress, and practi- the White House over the likely political and environment has proven toothless. omy: but two. It will seriously exacerbate cally every one offers a Nafta horror story damage. But Clinton operatives are con- Leading congressional Republicans now fault lines within the Democratic Party. It of some plant that moved or jobs that were insist on going the other way, telling the White House there must be language that is a foregone conclusion that il decisive ma- lost. Actually. much of this is exagger- Uphill Track ated; Nafta hasn't yet produced some of makes it clear that any trade negotiations jority of congressional Democrats will vote against the president: the ensuing tensions the benefits proponents promised, but nei- President Clinton will ask Congress 10 give involving tabor and environmental mat- will make It considerably harder for them ther has it caused the ills critics claim. him "fast-track" authority to negotiate more ters will be very limited. to win back control of Congress in 1998. But the White House will try strenu- free trade agreements. This would mean hat "If the president tries to cater to Dick ously to divorce fast-track from these once the negotiations are completed. Gephardt and John Sweeney, The's not go- Nafta perceptions. We won't fight this on Congress would take an up-or-down vote, ing to get fast-track, bluntly warns Rep. Politics & People the Nafta battleground,' says Victoria but not make any amendments or changes David Dreier (R. Calif 1. a key GOP trade Radd, a top White House aide who has Do you favor or oppose this? strategist. been detailed to the iast-track fight. "We In the end the president will probably By Albert R. Hunt will fight it on the future battleground. FAVOR 32% succeed. Despite public opinion and formi- Similarly, Ambassador Barshefsky says: 61% dable opposition, presidents almost Invari- OPPOSE "To say that fast track is Nafta ignores the ably win major Toreign policy and trade Poll taken July 26-28. 1997. initiatives. Moreover. for all the rhetoric of The fast-track legislation would simply necessity for U.S. leadership in the global labor, the pro-trade business community give the president the authority to negoti- economy. But no matter how the argument is has more resources. And there would be ate trade agreements, whether bilateral deals with Chile and South Africa or sec- framed, it splits the Democratic party. It's THE WALL STREET JOURNAL./NBC NEWS PCLL consequences if fast-track fails. Trade ne- toral pacts in areas like agriculture and fi- a little bit of the New Democrat VS. Old De- gotiations would continue without the nancial services. These treaties then mocrat schism. But more than that, it re- temptuous of Mr. Gephardt's motives, U.S.; only recently Canada cut a deal with would be brought back to Congress for up- flects different constituencies-the more charging he only advances thinly dis- Chile. or-down approval but couldn't be amended traditional and usually industrial districts guised protectionist pitches that the presi- Moreover, as the president showed in dent finds unacceptable. the recently completed budget deal, or changed. VS. higher-tech, cutting-edge sectors of the Without fast-track, any trade pact The administration plans an allout when he needlessly caved in on some tax economy. would become a special-interest bazaar in These splits will be symbolized today. push. It has hired an outside lobbyist todi- provisions in order to get a quick deal- the legislative branch. When Congress rect the campaign; the top cabinet officials to clear the decks for fast-track this The president will meet with several dozen started to reject portions of trade agree- House Democrats at the White House to will be actively engaged this fall: and It fall-he often prefers dealing with Re-- ments a quarter-century ago, this proce- pitch fast track. At about the same time, a has enlisted two highly resourceful former publicans. Thus, the likely final resolu- dure was necessitated. Such authority ex- members of congress, Republican Vin V/e- tion-another second-term victory for the few hundred yards away in the AFL-CIO ber and Democrat Tom Downey. a close White House that virtually assures con- pired several years ago, and without it, building, the top labor chieftain, John Sweeney, will convene a meeting of lead- confidant of Mr. Gore. tinued GOP control of the House in any major trade deals are impossible. ing legislative, political and media offi- The battle will be waged first in the 1998-is a bargain to which Bill. Clinton As right as It is on the merits, the poli- tics of fast-track are dicey. The opposition cials from major unions to map an anti- House, where Republicans publicly insist and congressional Republicans are grow- will Include labor, many environmental- fast-track strategy. the White House must deliver 90 Democ- ing accustomed. Company to poll 1 Sept 2197 FAST Truel L 5 hrpe 9 Les 2 Hope to recomplist 3 TALLIS poids 4 Adout 5 Sunrogate speed Enstyphincipans only mutivs After Charles goes to the Him in to see Repl. Hiller Imp priority 12 the PUT'S Oct Adjornsment (over) Hilley 2 Pass legislation Before adjustment B.parton Bin impatant Consulation w Dens /Repl,5 CAUCUSES Retail Radd Interngeren Steve * DAILEY mutives / Vintual WARROOM Bernal Fild 2 Bin that Strants the proces, CLINTON LIBRARY PHOTOCOPY /w 3 Steve FOLLOW LI David Johnsol to get me is tu mily N 7 P CHAL Midwest I/s I DONALD F. TERRY Manager Multilateral Investment Fund INTER-AMERICAN DEVELOPMENT BANK 1300 New York Avenue, N.W. Tel. (202) 942-8211 Washington, D.C. 20577 Fax.(202) 942-8291 11-04-97 11:58AM TO 94562215 P002 Congress of the United States Whashington. DC REMARKS BY SENATE DEMOCRATIC LEADER TOM DASCHLE ANNOUNCING HIS SUPPORT FOR "FAST TRACK" TRADE AUTHORITY MONDAY, NOVEMBER 3, 1997 Today is an historic day in American trade policy. Never before has an American President submitted, with his request for fast track negotiating authority, a formal statement of his broader foreign economic policy agenda. Never before has a President spelled out in such detail what his administration will do to ensure that trade expansion raises living standards for the greatest number of Americans. This "statement of executive initiatives" addresses concerns that I, and other Democratic Senators, have raised -- particularly concerns about worker rights and environmental protection. On the basis of these initiatives, as well as separate assurances I've received on agricultural trade, I am announcing today that I will support the President's request for fast track trade negotiating authority. I want to congratulate the Administration for the tremendous amount of work they have put into this unprecedented document The days when negotiating trade agreements meant simply coordinating tariffs and quotas are gone. Today, we re stitching together the fabric of entire economies. This broader scope of negotiations demands a broader strategy for negotiations. That's what this document sets out. The statement contains a concrete strategy to improve workers' rights, and protect the environment, in developing countries at the same time we negotiate J* trade agreements with them. Raising these standards to our level and avoiding a race to the bottom will be an explicit objective of this Administration, particularly when we're negotiating free trade agreements. First, the Administration has pledged to take specific steps to shine a brighter public spotlight on the labor rights and environmental conditions and practices in these countries. I believe that sunshine can be a powerful disinfectant in this regard. 11-04-97 11:58AM TO 94562215 P003 The Administration will conduct a benchmark assessment of our future FTA partners in the areas of labor, the environment, the legal system, and exchange rate policy. And the Labor Department will issue annual reports on the labor rights conditions in our existing FTA partners. Congress and the American people will be able to judge for themselves whether our trading partners are living up to their end of the bargain on workers' rights and the environment. Second, the Administration has pledged to try to reform world trade and financial institutions to take better account of labor and environmental concerns. The Treasury Department will press the World Bank to create a labor rights department in order to increase the emphasis on worker rights in developing nations On the environment, the U.S. will push to open up the World Trade Organization's "dispute settlement" process to input from environmental groups. And we will seek to have the WTO convene an Eminent Persons Group on the environment to consider whether some of the CATT's rules need to be changed to better accomodate national environmental policies. Also, we will undertake a set of border clean-up initiatives to protect the health and safety of Americans living near our nation's borders, and to protect our natural environment along the borders. These will be announced later this week, and Senate Democrats consider them very important. In closing, this statement proves -- in black and white - that this administration understands trade agreements must raise living standards. Expanded trade is the future. America cannot turn its back on that future. Neither I can we turn our back on our history, and our deep commitment to workers rights and environmental protection. Once again, I want to congratulate the Administration on taking this historic step. ### not amend them. Foreign nations won't Pledges Made agree to negotiate broad trade agreements unless the U.S. has fast-track authority, because of fear Congress would rewrite the To Democrats deals. The procedure is controversial be- cause activists want to use negotiations to bolster labor and environmental standards On Fast Track and have them enforceable by trade sanc- tions. But the fast-track proposal, crafted by the administration to win approval in a Republican Congress. wouldn't allow U.S. By BOB DAVIS negotiators to have such provisions ap- Staff Reporter of THE WALL STREET JOURNAL WASHINGTON - Trying to W00 hesi- proved under expedited congressional pro- cedures. tant Democrats to vote for fast-track trade negotiating authority, the White House The Senate is expected to vote on fast pledged to try to bolster labor and environ- track and approve it this week; in the mental standards outside the traditional House, where opposition is much tougher, trade mechanisms. a vote is scheduled for Friday. Under the administration's plans, the The agenda calls for enlisting such U.S. would prod the World Trade Organi- international institutions as the World zation in Geneva to open its arbitration Bank and the International Monetary panels to public scrutiny and allow activist Fund. But it falls well short of the demands groups to submit legal briefs. The adminis- of labor and environmental groups, which tration made similar proposals in Decem- want to use trade negotiations - and sanc- ber 1993, when it negotiated the WTO's tions - to promote those standards. More- creation. The White House also will pro- over, none of the proposals include en- pose that the WTO empanel a group of forcement provisions; and some have experts to study environmental issues. been made by the administration before- Additionally, the Treasury secretary only to be rejected by other nations, or would press the Inter-American Develop- even ignored by the White House. ment Bank to examine environmental is- John Audley, trade analyst for the sues and increase direct lending for envi- National Wildlife Federation, a moderate ronmental projects. environmental group that backed the On the labor-rights front. the adminis- North American Free Trade Agreement, tration plans to regularly review the labor- said the environmental proposals don't rights practices of nations that the U.S improve on Nafta. "We have a chance to do plans to include in free-trade agreements. worse" under any trade deal negotiated It would also ask the World Bank to under fast track, he complained. His or- establish an office to analyze labor issues, ganization and other environmental and promote a World Bank-International groups that supported Nafta are opposing Monetary Fund conference en labor stan- fast track. dards. The administration, aiming to shore up Separately, the administration an- support among liberal Democrats, re- nounced its support for a number of agri- leased its agenda as part of its negotiations cultural initiatives. The U.S. would annu- with Sen. Minority Leader Tom Daschle. ally identify countries that. citing safety For example, it plans to release shortly a concerns, block exports of U.S. agricul- proposal to boost spending for worker tural goods. In cases where the U.S. de- retraining by about $90 million a year. The cides the moves are unwarranted. it could South Dakota Democrat said the propos- invoke trade sanctions. In particular. pork als "represented a concrete strategy to and beef producers complain that Euro- improve workers rights and protect the pean and Asian countries block their prod- environment. ucts because of claims that chemicals Under fast-track rules, lawmakers injected into livestock make the meat agree to approve or reject trade pacts, but unsafe. THE WALL STREET JOURNAL TUESDAY, NOVEMBER 4, 1997 e Glue it not for the superhuman wages on a spare. So she must wash ano or job training that might help her move endale's welfare office. the iron her shirt after every shift. Waking a into a better job. Despite repeated re- em that allows recipients to 3:30 a.m., she dresses her children and quests, the women say. Winn-Dixie refuses Id jobs might quickly crash. In downs breakfast before catching her ride, to coordinate their shifts (the supermarket $. it is welfare workers who usually at 4:30 for a 6 a.m. start. manager and a spokesman for Winn-Dixie openings. prep people to apply. For those on later shifts, the morning Stores Inc., based in Jacksonville. Fla. m to job interviews and help fill out wait is cold and dull. At 6, the only other declined to comment). rk. Welfare workers also coordi- store open in the mall is Wal-Mart. So There is another option for women like ansport and day care. and often mostly the women sit in plastic "Gracious Ms. Campfield: moving to where the jobs Living" lawn chairs, beside bags of lawn are. South Carolina and several other people to work themselves when blems arise. manure piled in front of Winn-Dixie. On a states offer almost $1,000 in relocation recent day, even this meager perch is assistance to welfare recipients who move The welfare office even acts as an denied them. "These chairs are for sale, for work. But a handful have taken advan- formal labor arbitrator. When several not for sitting," a supervisor explains, tage of the program. Asked why. most in lotel housekeepers were recently at risk of stacking the seats beside a sign saying Allendale cite high rents in the city, con- losing their jobs because they worked too "Sale: two for $10." cerns about raising children there and slowly and didn't make beds to supervi- sors standards, welfare officials traveled When Ms. Campfield gets off, she fills fears of being laid off far from the safety some of the seven-hour wait with a long net, however meager, provided by friends to Hilton Head and spent a day coaching lunch at Taco Bell and a stroll past chain and family. "I don't know anybody in the women. They kept their jobs. "We've been everything to people for SO long that stores she has gazed at a hundred times Beaufort and they don't know me, except they don't know any other way," says Lee before. Earning only about $150 a week, for my name tag," Ms. Campfield says. Harley-Fitts, who heads Allendale's De- she can't shop for much but essentials (her It is 8:30 p.m. when the last of the $200-a-month welfare stipend is being Winn-Dixie workers finishes her shift. partment of Social Services. gradually reduced the longer she stays on Heading home, the car-poolers find them- Like many officials nationwide, Ms. the job). selves stuck at a railroad crossing as a Harley-Fitts is both pleasantly surprised by the pace of job placement so far and At age 23, Ms. Campfield is a fourth- long. slow freight train rumbles past. In cautionary about the future. Many of Al- generation welfare recipient who went on the five minutes before the caboose ap- lendale's new workers are in service jobs the system and dropped out of school pears, all four women fall asleep, despite the roar of the train and the hip-hop music subject to seasonal swings. With the quiet when she had her first child as a teenager. winter months approaching, workers' Like many others in Allendale who are blaring on the car radio. hours in Hilton Head are being cut. The moving from welfare to work, she is grate- Reaching Allendale at 10, Ms. Camp- Radisson's Ms. Riddle says she will lay off ful for the change. "I'm not lazy, but I just field collects her sleeping kids and heads never tried to strive," she says. Now, at home for the few hours until the cycle three quarters of her housekeeping staff come Thanksgiving, and many other em- the bakery, she has discovered a talent for starts again. "See y'all tomorrow," she says, climbing out of the car. ployers expect to do the same. decorating and feels better about herself. "You mean later tonight, girl," one of Even more worrisome are welfare re- "When I'm in there, I know what to do. I the women responds. pients who haven't yet found work. "The don't just sit around being bored." Best of Ms. Campfield smiles wanly, hoists her ones that are willing and able to work are all, she is starting to feel some financial kids and walks away in the moonlight. mostly in jobs by now," Ms. Harley-Fitts independence and has made layaway pay- says. Those remaining on the rolls present ments on a few toys and clothes-items she visits every day after work. "I don't have a much tougher challenge. "A lot of people. in the back of their mind they're thinking. to be begging people for nothing any- 'We'll wait it out and some other program more," she says, proudly fingering a pair of kids' jeans. will come along to help us. Tightening Belts A Desire to Do Better That is unlikely in South Carolina, But now that she is accustomed to a which has some of the nation's toughest small weekly paycheck, Ms. Campfield new rules, including an October 1998 cutoff wonders if she can improve on her mini- for many now on the rolls. Nor can Allen- mum-wage job and how long she can hang dale's welfare office indefinitely provide onto that. She has tried to find part-time the hand holding it does to help keep people work elsewhere in the mall, to fill the long in jobs. Ms. Harley-Fitts draws on a discre- wait, but Winn-Dixie changes her schedule tionary budget to assist with transport and each week. And between her schedule and other support. But these funds are limited commute, there is no time for night classes and likely to disappear. One Radisson housekeeper - an employee-of-the-month winner-has had to give up her job because the welfare office could no longer provide transport for her evening shift. Also at risk are daily car pools like the one carrying workers to the Winn-Dixie in Beaufort. Even if the car pool continues, it is unclear how long the women who use it can endure their schedule. "I'm like a robot," Georgeann Campfield says, "leav- ing home and getting home in the dark and doing nothing but work or getting ready for work." Living to Work The preparation begins as soon as she gets home from work. Winn-Dixie provides employees a single work shirt, and Ms. Campfield is reluctant to spend a day's 11/03/97 18:05 202 623 3612 IDB U.S. OFFICE 001 INTER-AMERICAN DEVELOPMENT BANK Washington, D.C. 20577 EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR United States FACSIMILE (3 pages) TO: Mack McLarty, Special Counselor to the President FAX: 456-2215 FROM: L.Ronald Scheman R TEL: 202/623-1031 FAX: 202/623-3612 November 3, 1997 The attached memo probably contains everything you need in the category of ideas. I am having a brief list of major projects in the field put together and will have it to you first thing in the morning. 11/03/97 18:05 202 623 3612 IDB U.S. OFFICE 002 INTER-AMERICAN DEVELOPMENT BANK MEMORANDUM FILE CLASSIFICATION: labor7.1 DATE: July 29, 1997 TO : Bill Schuerch, DAS, Treasury CC : David Lipton, Assistant Secretary Mack McLarty, Counselor to the President, Amb. Charlene Barshefsky, USTR Amb. Jeffery Davidow, Assistant Secretary Andrew Samet, Assistant Sec. of Labor Amb. Harriet Babbitt, U.S. Representative Amb. Richard Brown, Coordinator FROM : L. Ronald Scheman, US EXD SUBJECT : An Inter-American Labor Initiative We have begun to explore at the IDB a new initiative in the field of labor to strengthen the capacity of Labor Ministries of the Americas to conform with ILO standards and to improve their professional capacity to better analyze the economic implications of the openings to globalization and privatization in the region. The initiative resulted from an idea presented by Amb. Charlene Barshefsky in a meeting with Pres. Iglesias several weeks ago. Background: The nations of the Americas have long advocated fair labor standards to protect workers, enhance productivity and improve competitiveness. Most of the American nations have ratified key ILO standards and have on their books numerous laws to protect labor. The institutional capacity to give substance to these laws and enforce the minimum standards, however, is weak. In short, the issues affecting labor have considerable support in their own right among the American nations but have languished as labor ministries were ill endowed to meet their obligations. Labor issues will increasingly affect the substance and the tone of the dialogue between the United States and Latin America as we move forward with the FTAA negotiations. However, labor issues affecting labor standards and workers rights are far more than trade issues. They merit serious attention in their own right. Considering that the Latin American governments have already embraced ILO standards and are theoretically aware that sound labor laws and practices are in their interests (viz.: child labor exists side by side with high adult unemployment), a 11/03/97 18:05 202 623 3612 IDB U.S. OFFICE 003 2 program to strengthen the professional capacity of labor institutions and related inter-America fora should find a ready audience in the Americas. A major obstacle to serious negotiations in many of the countries of the Americas is lack of professional research on labor issues. Labor ministries have inadequate administrative and enforcement capability; labor unions have not had the high level economic analysis that would enable them to analyze and define their own best interests. The lack of such professional research capability, however, has not hindered them from taking positions on the issues of trade, privatization, etc. The objective of the new program would be to strengthen their capacity to address issues such as: * Productivity, safety standards and competition Long and short term costs and benefits of globalization and privatization (yiz. the El Salvadorean labor unions recently approached the IDB to obtain financial help to enable them to buy equity in the privatized power company.) Privatized pension funds, including direct participation in the funds (Pres. Sweeney of the AFL-CIO met with Pres. Iglesias last week specifically to express strong interest in this). Issues of transparency and corruption. Immediate Objectives: The objective of a renewed inter-American labor program is to give the issues higher profile on their merits and help us achieve our ends of improving labor standards, addressing inequality in income distribution, and giving labor a substantial forum of its own. This task requires both policy direction, which is already integrated into the OAS framework, and technical support and resources, which the Inter-American Development Bank can provide. For this purpose we could give consideration to several inter-related approaches: A reinvigorated Inter-American Labor Conference linked to the Summit. Separate hemisphere wide agreements both on labor standards on their merits and divorced from the trade negotiations. A tri-partite Committee of the OAS, IDB and ECLAC, as we are currently doing in trade matters, to act as the catalyst, involving the IDB in research and specific programs to strengthen labor ministries while the OAS, which already has a special committee of labor ministers, could address policy issues. A high level task force of private sector and labor leaders to address a common strategy for fair competition and harmonization of labor standards and benefits. Nonpartisan think tanks to engage in research and bring together the various parties. 11/03/97 18:06 202 623 3612 IDB U.S. OFFICE 004 3 Officials of the Department of Labor (Assist. Sec. Samet) and the AFL-CIO (Stan Gacek of their international division) have already approached this office on related topics. I have discussed it with President Iglesias following our meeting with Amb. Barshevsky and he is enthused about the concept. If Treasury is favorable, the next steps would be to meet with officials of the Department of Labor and USTR to determine a strategy so that we can discuss it more substantively with Pres. Iglesias. I would suggest that such a meeting be convened by the Department of Treasury. Fast Tast hack THE WHITE HOUSE WASHINGTON November 7, 1997 Mr. Richard C. Bartlett Mary Kay Holding Corporation 4300 Westgrove Drive Dallas, TX 75248 Dear Dick: Your very thoughtful letter of October 30th is received, noted, and appreciated. Please know it was my pleasure to be with you and your Direct Selling Association colleagues here in Washington. Neil Offen represents your organization in an effective and capable manner, and I was delighted to have an opportunity to discuss our Administration's commitment in Latin America and, most specifically, the pending fast-track legislation. Your comments were right on the mark in that regard, and please know all of us, including the President, are deeply grateful for your efforts. Mary Kay is a singular company and has been extraordinarily successful. I wish you continued success, and please let us know when we can help you, particularly with your efforts in Latin America. Again, thank you for your very thoughtful letter and kind words. I enjoyed being with you. Personally, Mid WILA but Neil offen bcc: Andrew P.Stive New off New Richard C. Bartiett Vice Chairman October 30, 1997 The Honorable Thomas McLarty Counselor to the President and Special Envoy for the Americas Executive Office of the President 1600 Pennsylvania Avenue, N.W. 1st Floor West Wing Washington, DC 20500 Dear Mack, I enjoyed meeting you the other day at table with Neil Offen, et al! More than anything, I was impressed and encouraged to find a person of your talents in government service. Only that we could clone you! Your remarks about South America were most enjoyable and timely to my company, as we are opening other markets in South America. Moreover, the Administration's strong support for "Fast-Track" is well founded and certainly in the country's best long-term economic interests. Strategic trade blocks are the norm in the world, and America cannot be left behind as these blocks develop. The United States must define its strategic economic interests as it moves into the 21st century. Latin America is a natural. On behalf of Mary Kay Holding Corporation, I continue to press the issue with those Democrats with whom we have a close relationship. Apparently, not enough Democrats will vote for "Fast-Track" to ensure its passage. In fact, letters have been sent to all members of the Texas delegation and visits made to key members of the delegation. But I hold out no hope for Martin Frost. He is in thrall to union interests. Again, thanks for making the Direct Selling Association and our industry a part of your schedule. Dob Richard C. Bartlett RCB/lfs Mary Kay Holding Corporation 4300 Westgrove Drive Dallas, TX 75248 972.713.5045 Fax 972-713-5062 East Track AmericanBusinessConference November 5, 1997 The attached letter urging support of legislation extending fast track trade negotiating authority was sent to all members of the U.S. House of Representatives today. I thought you would find it of interest. Barry Rogstad N1/ much manys was IN 4" Barry K. Rogstad President 3 wood " weed. IIIII THIS LETTER WAS SENT TO EVERY MEMBER OF THE HOUSE. AmericanBusinessConference 1730 K Street. NW Suite 1200 Washington. DC 20006 (202) 822-9300 FAX (202) +67-+070 November 5, 1997 The Honorable Neil Abercrombie U.S. House of Representatives Washington, DC 20515-1101 Dear Congressman Abercrombie: On behalf of the members of the American Business Conference (ABC), chief executives of fast- growing, midsize American companies, we write to ask you to support legislation extending fast- track trade negotiating authority. You may have already heard from one or another ABC member on this issue. To our way of thinking, fast-track authority is of sufficient importance for us to revisit the matter in a letter. In a speech before the American Society of Newspaper Editors, President Clinton correctly observed that the emergence of a world marketplace offers the United States "the greatest opportunity for prosperity we have known." Grasping that opportunity is primarily a function of the skill and will of America's managers and workers, supported by a first-rate educational system and a fiscal environment conducive to saving and investment. At the same time, however, the expansion of a transparent, rules-based trading system, achievable only through tough and intelligent negotiation, remains an indispensable element for our future success in the global market. Without fast track, however, we cannot see how such negotiations will ever bear fruit. As Ambassador Charlene Barshefsky said at a recent hearing before the Ways and Means Committee, the absence of fast track authority "is the single most important factor limiting our capacity to open markets and expand American exports and trade opportunities." With so much at stake, there is no excuse for permitting this grave problem to persist. We need fast track now. Providing a strong economic future for our citizens is not a partisan matter. It is a national priority. We hope that you agree and that you will stand with other Congressional leaders on both sides of the aisle in support of fast-track legislation. Sincerely, DickSynon Barry Logstest Richard Syron Barry K. Rogstad Chairman & CEO President American Stock Exchange American Business Conference & Chairman, American Business Conference Fast hack C.O.M.E.T. COALITION FOR OPEN MARKETS AND EXPANDED TRADE c/o VALIS ASSOCIATES, 1700 PENNSYLVANIA AVENUE, N.W., SUITE 950, WASHINGTON, D.C. 20006 202/393-5055 October 30, 1997 Memorandum For: The Honorable Mack McLarty I this hope pt The Honorable Maria Echaveste Best 3 From: Wayne Valis wayne Subject: Fast Track Activities: Support for the President Pursuant to our recent discussions and meetings, the Coalition for Open Markets and Expanded Trade (COMET) has been actively supporting fast track negotiating authority. Our coalition has worked closely with Chairman Bill Archer, Subcommittee Chairman Phil Crane, Ranking Member Bob Matsui, and others secure small business, pro-fast track witnesses at the Ways and Means Subcommittee on Trade's hearing on fast track. In addition, we are directly contacting undecided Members, urging them to vote for traditional trade negotiating authority. We have also circulated the enclosed "Action Alert" newsletter to every Member of Congress, the media, and key policy makers in Washington. Founded in 1985, COMET represents a wide range of interests including exporters, consumers, manufacturers and others. The coalition supports international agreements that eliminate barriers to international trade. In the past several years, COMET has been active on NAFTA, GATT, MFN for China and other market-opening agreements, working with key Congressional and Executive Branch officials. Thank you for your continued leadership on international trade. I look forward to continuing to work together in the future. Enclosure WAYN' - Th Ark - you You your COV timel leades beg nd Disput you Are an nble professional Al L grod first, Personary Fast Track THE WHITE HOUSE WASHINGTON November 4, 1997 Mr. John Smith General Motors Corporation 3044 West Grand Boulevard 14th Floor Detroit, MI 48009 Dear Jack: As always, it was good to see you at our APEC luncheon today, as well as seeing you and Lydia at the China State Dinner. Your leadership in getting a strong letter to the Hill was certainly noted and appreciated, and I think it will have a positive impact. The count is close, particularly in the House, but I think we have a real shot, thanks to the President's commitment and strong support from people like you. Personally, Weel (After, shove I dictured the) Note Service out just occured - String vote win help - Clearly shows what's at stable All puns proper pressure of the House. Fast Thank DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE International Trade Administration UNITED STATES OF AMERICA Washington. D.C. 20230 October 27, 1997 Mr. Mack McLarty Counselor to the President and Special Envoy for the Americas The Office of Thomas "Mack" McLarty Old Executive Office Building - Room 176 Washington, D.C. 20502 Mr. McLarty: Thank you very much for speaking during the White House portion of the October 22 District Export Counsel (DEC) Fast Track briefings in Washington, D.C. The feedback received from DEC members has been extremely positive. Your presentation of Fast Track issues was insightful and valuable. As indicated from the number of questions posed, there was strong interest in the Fast Track initiative. I am confident that the DEC members will take the knowledge gained from this event back to their local business communities and disseminate it. Given the short lead time, the large number of DEC members that attended this event exemplifies the importance placed on this initiative. DEC member participation demonstrated the dedication that they have to Fast Track, the Department of Commerce and, specifically, the Office of Domestic Operations in the Commercial Service. Once again, thank you for speaking at the White House portion of the October 22 DEC Fast Track briefings. I look forward to working with you in the future. Sincerely, Daniel J. Mcl Aughlin Deputy Assistant Secretary Office of Domestic Operations Pleasure mide pl importut wilstones M.D DEPARTMENT OF COMMERE TRADE Fast Track THE WHITE HOUSE WASHINGTON October 10, 1997 Mr. Ken Duberstein The Duberstein Group Suite 350 2100 Pennsylvania Avenue, NW Washington, DC 20037 Dear Ken: Your "America First," i.e., counter to Pat Buchanan's message, has been discussed and advocated. You are on point, as usual, and I believe we will incorporate much of the thinking we discussed. Personally, my Fast Track THE WHITE HOUSE WASHINGTON October 9, 1997 MEMORANDUM FOR VICKI RADD FROM: MACK McLARTY SUBJECT: KEN DUBERSTEIN Ken Duberstein and I visit on a regular basis and, of course, he is a strong supporter of fast track. Ken has a splendid political touch, as you know, and has an idea which I think is worth considering. While most positive about our efforts, he feels that fast track and related trade has not been put on an "America first" basis in a clear and persuasive way to achieve broad public understanding. He sent me the attached commentary by Patrick Buchanan as an example of his reasoning. He feels we can make very strong arguments about how fast track and related trade are putting America first. I would suggest that you or Jay call Ken directly and discuss this matter with him. It is worth pursuing and considering. His number is 728-1100. Onward. may Attachment Desk OCT 07 'CA 12:21PM PATRICK BUCHANAN Fast track and the But when they look to conserva- tives, they find them embracing all crisis on the right of Bill Clinton's Wilsonian glob- aloney - from nation building in Bosnia, to extending NAFTA to Tierra del Fuego, to "constructive- 0 you trust Bill Clinton? was shepherded by House Speak- D ly engaging" Christian-bashing That is the question both er James Madison, who himself Chinese communists, to burbling parties will answer in the imposed America's first "protec- on about "open borders," to paying vote on "fast track," by tive" tariff in 1816 to defeat British "back dues" to the United Nations, which Congress unilaterally sur- dumping after the War of 1812. to pumping out foreign aid to for- renders its right to amend any new That tariff was sponsored by eign ingrates, to extending NATO trade deal Bill Clinton may cut. Henry Clay, father of "the Ameri- guarantees to Turkmenistan. In saying "по" to fast track, the can System," and was supported by Woodrow Wilson would have Democratic Party has said it does ex-Presidents Thomas Jefferson loved these "conservatives." not totally trust Mr. Clinton: it wants and John Adams, who, in their The truth is, many of today's to retain the right to amend NAFTA maturity, had become protection- "conservatives" are not really con- III to protect workers. In saying ists. In 1816, Jefferson came close servatives at all. They are arriv- "yes," the Republican Party is say- into branding free traders traitors to istes, impostors, right-wing imper- ing: Whatever Bill brings home is the republic. sonators from the failed campaigns just fine with us. Clay was the idol of Abraham of Hubert Humphrey and Scoop Now, this seems paradoxical, but Lincoln, under whom tariff rates Jackson, ideological boat people actually, it is not. reached 47 percent Lincoln made picked up at sea by the Old Right, For many modern Republicans, the GOP the party that protected which should have dumped them belief in free trade is a dogma of U.S. manufacturing and the high ashore at the first port of call, wages of American workers. In the instead of letting them crash at the Republican era from 1865 to 1913, Reagan Transition Office. growth averaged 4 percent a year, Americans today Many of the think tanks and mag- azines that presume to speak for want their leaders to and U.S. workers became the most conservatism are fairly crawling put their own prosperous in all history. Under with Great Society rejects who William McKinley of the McKinley ridicule the traditions of America's country first; they want Tariff, economic growth soared to 7 greatest conservatives as "protec- tionism" and "isolationism," as they percent. to hear again the Warren G. Harding and Calvin secretly burn their little incense Coolidge raised tariffs to 40 per- sticks at the altars of Franklin D. stirring accents of an cent, slashed Wilson's income taxes Roosevelt, Harry Truman and John authentic patriotism and ignited the Roaring '20s - 7 F. Kennedy. percent growth again! As for today's Republicans, many and a new American Comes. the retort: What about are utterly oblivious to who they are Ronald Reagan? Well, while Ronald and where they came, but I can tell nationalism. Reagan was a free trader, his patri- you where they're going. otism and nationalism were most visible in his persona and role as commander in chief in a Cold War Patrick Buchanan is a national- faith. Most Americans may say the North American Free Trade Agree- that is now history. And while recit- ly syndicated columnist. ment has hurt the country, yet the ing the free-trade catechism, Mr. GOP will vote "yes" every time - Reagan had the heart of an eco- out of ideological conviction. nomic nationalist, unapologetically To discover the roots of this con- slamming import quotas on steel, viction is to understand why the machine tools and Japanese cars, conservative movement is collaps- and using a 50 percent tariff to save ing, for belief in free trade is not a Harley-Davidson and the all-Amer- conservative idea at all. Its roots are ican Harley "hog." not even American. It was part of The Republican Party lost the the ideological baggage of that White House because it lost its pop- Utopian Woodrow Wilson who ulist-nationalist appeal. That is the made global free trade one of his crisis of conservatism. It is trying "Fourteen Points," and its great to reconnect with Middle America apostles were 19th century Euro- and to tap into the deep springs of peans, none of whom was a conser- nationalism - with a globalist ide- vative, most of whom were rabidly ology of free trade that sacrifices anti-nationalist. the national interest to the "global Who were America's great antag- economy." onists of free trade? Americans today want their Well, the second bill signed into leaders to put their own country law by George Washington was the first; they want to hear again the Tariff Act of 1789, crafted by stirring accents of an authentic Alexander Hamilton, the greatest patriotism and a new American nationalism. economic nationalist of his age. It Tast hank tast Ence Current years CAPITAL JOURNAL T HE ADMINISTRATION would, in- deed, like to strike a free-trade BY GERALD F. SEIB agreement with one Latin Ameri- can nation, Chile. Yet Chile isn't some low-wage knockoff of Mexico, but home Myth and Reality of a modernized, high-tech economy. And after Chile, administration aides are far more intrigued with the thought Sometimes Collide of making free-trade agreements in Asia, or with Australia, New Zealand or On the Fast Track South Africa, than with any Central or South American nations. Beyond that, a top use of fast track would be to negotiate agreements at the HEN PRESIDENT Clinton sat W World Trade Organization to knock down a few days ago to talk down barriers that stop Americans from trade with congressional Demo- selling products to foreign governments, crats, they raised their now-standard or agricultural products to foreign con- demand: In negotiating new trade sumers. pacts, they said, the U.S. should force The second important use of fast other nations to agree to improve their track would be equally America- labor and environmental standards. friendly: negotiating more international In reply, Mr. Clinton aptly illumi- agreements to knock down tariffs on nated the gap between wishes and real- specific products where the U.S. is ity in this fall's highly competitive, including com- great trade debate. puters, semiconductors and telecommu- "Imagine if you nications. Billions of dollars in Ameri- were the head of an- can exports are at stake in these two other country," he initiatives. "These are the big-ticket said. "And the pres- items," says Charlene Barshefsky, the ident of the U.S. U.S. Trade Representative. came to you and Still, if any bilateral free-trade deals said 'I'll make you a are struck, it is legitimate to ask deal: Let us rewrite whether they should include demands all your labor and for higher labor and environmental environmental standards. Nobody states the case for laws, and in return American moral leadership in these you send us all your areas more passionately than House money to pay for our imports. Democratic Leader Richard Gephardt. Then, Mr. Clinton concluded, imag- ine your next visitor was the president of UT CAN SUCH changes really be France, offering the same goods with no conditions. Who would get the trade? B compelled in trade deals? Con- sider if the tables were reversed. That exchange captures the flavor of If New Zealand, which has more strin- the debate over Mr. Clinton's request for gent clean-air standards than the U.S., "fast track" authority to negotiáte new demanded tougher American environ- trade agreements. On both the right and mental laws as the price for a trade left, the arguments against fast track agreement, that demand would be re- (many well-intentioned) often are un- jected out of hand by Congress and by dermined by unrealistic expectations or unions interested in saving jobs in simple misunderstandings. smokestack industries. Will other coun- This debate goes live today when Mr. tries respond differently? Clinton speaks to AFL-CIO labor lead- Which isn't to say that labor and the ers, who are viscerally opposed to fast environment should be ignored. They track. That isn't a surprise. What is shouldn't. Ultimately, lax labor and en- surprising is how much Republican vironmental standards become compet- THE WALL STREET JOURNAL WEDNESDAY, SEPTEMBER 24, 1997 opposition has materialized, and how itive advantages, which is a trade issue. little clear public support has emerged The trick is deciding how to address for fast track at a time when internation- them. The administration's compromise alist policies have helped fuel a five-year is to include in trade deals labor and economic boom. The explanation must environmental issues that directly affect lie in the myths that have arisen around trade, and to handle others through the fast-track idea. existing international organizations. Basically, fast track gives the presi- Here's where Republicans become dent (Clinton, Bush or whoever) the unrealistic. Many don't want trade deals power to negotiate a trade deal and then to include any mention of labor and present it to Congress for an up-or-down, environmental issues, even those that unamended vote. Many critics assume directly affect trade, even though GOP that Mr. Clinton wants this power so he leaders in the past have proposed that can cut a swath of free-trade deals with step and more. cheap-labor countries across Latin In turn, Republicans then complain America, as he did with Mexico in the that the Clinton administration isn't North American Free Trade Agreement. delivering enough Democrats to support Yet that is precisely not where U.S. fast track, knowing that the only way to trade policy seems headed right now. deliver more Democrats is to make a nod toward their environmental and labor concerns. This is where trade debate becomes political posturing. If every- body can get beyond that point, there can be serious debate and odds are good that fast track will carry the day. POLITICS & POLICY White House Operators? A Phone-Call Inquiry Into Clinton, Gore May Prove Murky, Complex By PHIL KUNTZ Well. has anybody ever been prose- cuted for this? matter, such as the phone calls, can bal- Staff Reporter of THE WALL STREET JOURNAL WASHINGTON - It has come to this: No. The CRS's Mr. Maskell, in his loon into a virtually limitless inquiry. The report on the matter. says he could find no independent counsel formally would be The president and vice president of the U.S. may soon be subjected to the white- such cases. He concludes the department's appointed by the same special three-judge hot scrutiny of an unfettered special prose- "apparent practice" is to ignore them. The panel that picked Kenneth Starr and the cutor because they made fund-raising tele- department "has appeared to indicate other. counsels now probing Clinton offi- that, as a practical matter it looks cials. That panel also frames the counsel's phone calls from the White House that upon the law in its traditional historic jurisdiction, based on advice from the would have been perfectly legal if placed from a phone booth across the street. framework as relating to activities in fed- attorney general. This is no easy task, Never mind allegations that the Demo- eral buildings directed at federal person- because the prosecutor would need enough nel.' leeway to extract cooperation from lower- cratic National Committee and top White House officials may have conspired to run The Justice Department considered level witnesses: So, for example, some of roughshod over campaign-finance laws, and decided against pursuing the best- Mr. Ickes's activities might have to be turned a blind eye toward or abetted a known recent case of this kind. In 1995, looked at, too. GOP Sen. Phil Gramm of Texas was quoted Moreover, the Justice Department has huge flow of illegal foreign contributions to stay a mile away from the independent and allowed a host of possible Chinese as saying he feels free to place fund-rais- agents to buy their way into the White ing calls from his Senate office, as long as counsel's jurisdiction, SO might shed any House. Attorney General Janet Reno has he used his credit card: "I do it wherever I areas currently under scrutiny that over- already decided that none of those matters am." When the Senate Ethics Committee lap with the telephone calls. This turn asked him about it, Mr. Gramm denied into a game of dominoes If the phone calls fall under the rubric of the law that requires her to appoint an independent explicitly soliciting anyone from his of- from the White House are fair game, fice. shouldn't the infamous White House cof- counsel in certain circumstances to avoid political conflicts of interest. The panel dropped the matter with a fees be looked at, too? And that might polite warning letter, a person familiar bring in DNC fund-raiser John Huang and But that is the way it goes in the with the matter said, after then-Chairman a host of other coffee attendees now of wonderland of Washington. Here's why: Is it against the law for the president. Mitch McConnell adamantly opposed open- interest to federal prosecutors. And that or the vice president to dial for dollars ing an inquiry because SO many other could lead to looking into GOP accusations from the White House? senators were probably guilty of the same that Mr. Huang might have been involved It depends on the political party of thing. These days, Mr. McConnell, a Ken- in China's alleged plan to funnel money the person you're asking, but impartial tucky Republican. is threatening Ms. Reno into the U.S. campaigns. And so on. experts seem certain: "It is not clear," with impeachment if she doesn't appoint How long can an investigation last? an independent counsel. As long as it takes, which can be writes Jack Maskell, a legislative attorney years because requests by independent for the government's Congressional Re- If the law is never enforced, why is search Service. in a recent report to Con- Ms. Reno even considering an independent counsels to expand their jurisdictions are counsel? rarely denied. gress. The law makes it illegal to solicit or Because the law gives her very little What If Ms. Reno decides the phone leeway at this stage of her deliberation. calls don't merit an independent counsel- receive money for federal campaigns in federal buildings. But there's no question Right now she is in the midst of a 30-day can she appoint one anyway? that it was originally intended in 1883 to review of whether she will launch a 90-day Yes. The law gives her discretionary protect federal employees from shake- preliminary investigation into whether she authority to seek an independent counsel if should call in an independent counsel. she determines that there may be a downs by political bosses. In fact, it has Ms. Reno can, at this point, only con- "political conflict of interest" in investi- gone through several wording changes since then - none of them intended by sider whether there is specific and credible gating somebody Congress to be substantive, records evidence of a crime. Clearly, Mr. Gore's show - and for several years (1948-51) it public admissions that he made some calls explicitly applied only to soliciting federal are specific and credible. President Clin- employees. ton insists he can't remember if he did, but The Justice Department has argued in testimony from a former aide, Harold the past that the law applies to soliciting Ickes, and documents indicating that he private individuals, a position that, inter- did seem specific and credible. Mr. Ickes estingly, was opposed by the Watergate told Senate investigators on Monday that Special Prosecutor's Office in 1974. The he has no recollection of calls by Mr. Justice Department's last known public Clinton in 1995-96, but recalls him making a statement is a 1979 opinion that concluded: few in 1994 to raise "seft money," which "Compelling arguments can be marshaled isn't technically covered by the solicitation on either side." ban, for a campaign to promote his health- Mr. Maskell. however, notes that in care initiative. 1980 Congress reworded the law slightly Ms. Reno can't even think about past department practices yet, though she can mull whether the conduct of Messrs. Clin- "It shall be unlawful for any person to ton and Gore violated the law in the first solicit or receive any contribution [to place. During the 90-day investigation, she influence a federal election) in any can consider other issues. room or building occupied in the dis- If one gets appointed, what exactly charge of official duties will the independent counsel investigate? Any person That's the rub: A relatively minor who violates this section shall be fined not more than $5,000 or imprisoned not more than three years, or both. -U.S. Code and added an exemption to allow mem- bers' staff to accept unsolicited donations, suggesting to him that Congress by that time believed the law applied to soliciting private citizens. Moreover, it's common knowledge on Capitol Hill that members are supposed to make such calls else- where. Can an independent counsel be named for something SO mushy? Under the law, Ms. Reno must "comply THE WALL STREET JOURNAL WEDNESDAY, SEPTEMBER 24, 1997 with the written or other established poli- cies of the department" in deciding whether an independent counsel should be appointed. A Senate report on the law in 1982 explained this means that if the department "does not, as a matter of practice, prosecute the alleged violation," the attorney general shouldn't move to appoint an independent counsel. SOA- ) MACK MCLARTY FAST TRACK September 15, 1997 To: Vicki Radd We need to follow on Congressman Kanjorski's ideas. They are good ones and speak directly to similar concerns expressed by many Democratic House members. was I Attachment CC: John Hilley Susan Brophy bcc: Nelson Steve Dan Dead y THE WHITE HOUSE WASHINGTON September 15, 1997 The Honorable Paul E. Kanjorski U.S. House of Representatives 2353 Rayburn House Office Building Washington, DC 20515-3811 Dear Paul: I received your recent missive regarding putting job creation on a "fast track". Your ideas are thoughtful ones and need to be pursued with vigilance and vigor. I promise you we will do SO with the proper people both in the White House and in the respective cabinet agencies involved, and we will keep you posted as we progress. You are a good friend of our Administration's, and you have been a good friend to me. Please know both are much appreciated. Personally, 2 essayed 0.5.7 DCC! Nelson we Steve Dan Desk FILE 197 13:19 The Honorable 11th Congressional District Paul E. Kanjorski of Pennsylvania 2353 Rayburn House Office Building Washington, DC 20515-3811 UNITED STATES (202)225-6511 # # 10 E. South Street Wilkes-Barre, PA 18701-2297 # # (717)825-2200 CONGRESS Toll-Free Help Line: 00) 222-2346 FAX TO: MACK MCLARTY ORGANIZATION: WHITE HOUSE FROM: REP. PAVL KANJORSKI RECIPIENT'S FAX #: ( ) 456-2464 RECIPIENT'S PHONE #: ( ) NUMBER OF PAGES (with cover): 2 DATE: 9/11/97 MESSAGE: MACK - HOPE TO SEE you TONAGHT. THIS is THE OUTLINE OF THE INITIATIVE WE DISCUSSED DURING A BREAK IN THE PROCEEDING AT THE GOUT REFORM COMMITTEE LASK WEEK. WE NEED TO CREATE MORE GOOD JOBS HEREAT THE HOME IN ECONOMICALLY STRUGGLING AREAS IF WE WANT TO PASS FAST TRACK. Paul Confidentiality Note: The document accompanying this facsimile transmission may contain information which is confidential and/or legally privileged. The information is intended only for the recipient. If you are not the intended recipient, please forward the information to the named individual or entity. Unauthorized disclosure, copying or distribution of the content of this facsimile transmission by individuals who are not the intended recipients is strictly prohibited. If you have received this transmission in crror, please notify us by telephone immediately so we can arrange for the return of the documents. Thank you. MEMORANDUM DATE: September 11, 1997 TO: Mack McLarty, Counselor to the President Kathleen Higgins, Deputy Secretary, Department of Labor FROM: Congressman Paul E. Kanjorski RE: Fast Track Job Opportunities Program PROBLEM: Many Democratic Members of Congress believe that NAFTA, GATT and other trade agreements have led to increased unemployment in their states/districts and are thus reluctant to support any new Fast Track negotiating authority that might exacerbate their local unemployment problems. There is a mismatch between where jobs are being lost as a result of new trade agreements, and where they are being created. Existing Trade Adjustment programs do not create jobs in the communities that need them. SOLUTION: Put job creation on a "fast track" by incorporating into the Fast Track legislation specific provisions to create new jobs in areas of the country which have lagged behind the rest of the nation. Specific Features of Fast Track Job Program: Limit program eligibility to counties with an average unemployment rate at least 1% above the national unemployment rate, and an average income level at least 10% below the national average (reduces cost). Give a priority to projects in eligible counties with the highest unemployment rates. Distribute some funding through the EDA, using as a model its past programs to address Defense base closure conversion needs and the economic diversification needs of the Northeast fisheries community and the pacific Northwest timber community. Distribute some funding through the SBA for additional low cost loans and loan guarantees, creation and expansion of Small Business Investment Companies (SBICs) and its Certified Development Company (CDC) program. The SBA's Defense base closure loan program (DELTA) can also serve as a model for SBA activities in this area. Incorporate the no cost Baker-Kanjorski-Leach Federal Home Loan Bank (FHLB) amendments which allow FHLB advances for agricultural, small business and community development lending, and which allow such loans to be pledged as collateral for FHLB advances (because it has no cost, this provision could be made available nationwide) Total funding should be at least $1 billion to demonstrate the magnitude of the Administration commitment to putting job creation on a fast track. HIGHLY SENSITIVE DRAFT EYES ONLY Talking Points: Cabinet Member Hill Consultations We plan to seek introduction of fast track legislation on September 10. We wanted to share with you our current thinking and identify issues of particular significance. Securing passage of fast track authority is among the President's highest priorities this Fall because he strongly believes that we must tear down foreign barriers to American goods and services if we are to keep our economy growing and creating new, good, high paying jobs. Americans are enjoying the longest period of sustained growth in a generation. Much of that growth is attributable to increased export opportunities; exports today support 11 million jobs. These are high-paying jobs that we must maintain and expand. We have regained our position as the world's leading exporter in a range of key products and are the world's most competitive economy. make It here Sen it there As the President has said repeatedly, and most recently in his radio address two weeks ago, he has three primary objectives that fast track authority must allow him to pursue: (1) to negotiate new agreements that expand exports to continue the economic expansion that has created new, good jobs, kept unemployment and inflation at record lows, and improved our standard of living, (2) to promote worker rights and (3) to promote responsible environmental development. } mutually supportive policies funds, CABA, ejun The legislation we plan to offer emerges out of significant consultations between the Administration and members of both Houses and both parties; the business community, including agriculture; and the labor and environmental communities. Our consultations were focused on developing legislation that could pass, would allow the President to pursue his objectives, and get maximum Democratic support. The legislation we will propose achieves these objectives. On the economic front, the negotiating objectives, along with renewed tariff proclamation authority that will be sought, will allow the President to negotiate tough, new, reciprocal trade agreements. There are significant opportunities now to reduce foreign trade barriers on which we must capitalize; if we do not, our export opportunities will diminish at great 1 cost to American companies and workers. Opportunities exist now to reduce barriers in key sectors in which the U.S. is the most competitive, including agriculture, services, information technology, environmental equipment, energy-related equipment and others. - Some of the opportunities arise is connection with scheduled negotiations in the WTO. Others arise from the impetus the APEC leaders have given to new sectoral initiatives, like the recently concluded Information Technology Agreement. medican Televe eduinonmental dna {Anth..to complement Q future We also need fast track to negotiate more open markets with specific countries, especially in Latin America and Asia, two of the fastest growing regions in the program world (growing 3 times as fast as our economy). With 95 percent of the world's duration consumers living outside or borders, we must open the markets of these growing economies. The legislation will provide notification that we would recommence negotiations to reach a comprehensive trade agreement with Chile. LJE Agreements Sistor The legislation will also allow the President to pursue his other two commitments promoting worker rights and responsible environmental development. The legislation we propose to advance would allow the President to address labor and environmental issues that are related to trade in the trade agreement, which would be brought to Congress. - For example, this formulation would allow us to incorporate in future trade agreements provisions that countries not lower environmental standards to attract investment. The President would also use his Executive Authority to address labor and environmental issues in agreements that would not need to be brought back to Congress. Such agreements could address those labor or environmental issues (or indeed other issues) of concern with a particular trading partner. We think this is sound as a matter of policy. It strikes the right balance so that we can pursue our top trade negotiation priorities as well as important labor and environmental concerns. Helpiss Walen Doubled TAA 2 95% reflaced 600-1.3 herned helps wabe, We will, of course, be discerning in selecting the partners with whom we would enter into FTAs. As fast track procedures will provide for extensive consultations with Congress and with the Administration's private sector advisory groups, including labor and environment advisory groups, as part of any negotiations, there is substantial opportunity to identify any issues of which the Administration should be aware as it proceeds in negotiations. And, Congress makes the final determination whether an Agreement that has been negotiated should be implemented. It may be appropriate to solicit views of the members on other aspects of the legislation, including: duration, consultations and related procedural provisions, the scope of the implementing legislation, and other FTA partners. In developing this legislation, we considered alternatives that would appeal to those that urge that the fast track trade agreement address all labor and environmental policies and practices, not just those that are related to trade. While we can discuss the merits of that view, the practical reality is that we cannot get fast track authority from this Congress to do that. The consequence of not having fast track authority is that we will sideline ourselves economically and strategically, with great cost to American companies, workers, and the country; we will also not be in a position to pursue the very objectives that are important to the labor and environmental communities. Only if we are engaged can we pursue these goals. The choice is about obtaining the authority that is sufficiently flexible to allow the President to pursue all three objectives or obtaining no authority, in which case no progress can be achieved on any of these fronts. 3 - (N Gephardt Avg 1/97 Their own domestic Ageida Disagueits or Low to "gue Coopertion HAVE the stone 50AS High pel Glohn Tword Caba 51ds Certification Etrapl TACTICAL disagree or has to get there wist set us then period Perdulam has sworg Xot perdulam hill f move keep it from smitsing Bad / community Sea 1 2 Distrust Close Hostile relationship Convector /cooperaties Imsenta refa ( 7лят Truck Aus 7/97 Charlwe B 06,5. 7 Trad misimize damage to Democratic NAMES L&E Scope Efec Autority to Negociate , stevet). Accards - Chile No od trade SANCTIONS 1 will Agree or civil Tines. (opered eded BiLL) CLIN Biu US Trode Related - 24rs 150 - M. ky t Charlese - Trade related Trade related LJE could Be Nite BiLL 4 cornors 1 per (Body) NA 7TA -NOT the Ficle signaturents Charlese outlived Mos US. coss re: goissej position close to Cu here we WAST to ed up. Gepharlt position - NON starta per Charlese st Enshive I dost July sgree - Neel to discuss L Podesin 2 Chile - wost agree to LIE in the agreement and They wos't Agree to trade suctions. LaBor Agrinents 1 suppersion re; lower EL.Lied walkers 2 stifts BARSMISIS, levenge to employer 3 Expats high wase joBs Charlese commuts re: Waba 1 Don't 1.+ 2 Education Brind stin tris disquietivs Scope Chile US. other countries Cossultations only re: future coustries - CBI - Help a hunis HUNTS per Charlese SpraH AS N Etample * Separate discussion OV CBI per C harleve Potus - "This is car3y." " LABa wrong Sredy Two different views or global Ecoromy 3 Atexis Theorlogical d feder Waba tas program cartican Need Tixes MAY help L' Dems TAA - 48hrs US. 90 days De Alexis PINT closiss legislation U.I question only / OUT of 3 Unempl. wabers set its. And TAds. Mo grams Hispinsic CAUCUS Secondary mhts. ** Alexis IN El PASO or Ans. 26 Ana MARIA / DAS / Steve to cover - Ence Exposure would Be great BUT he's procombly or uneation. El PAS. Posta Child per the POTUS - DAY - LABA Lost 7ns. Trod BUT wiss for CABR 4 Give Bat 250 on our playing foeld future, evgngement, joBs Pather 400 ov thee playing field defense of NA777. Hilley Everyove IN the room wants to get this passel How we do it is important swing * 50 ^ Dems locus or them. - Podesta RAX to Lower the pressure @ LABA. Beclar / Yoush very howls Sweevey NOT coshivs In C. Right Summes True US trade Agreements Brenhing down other BANCS Trude goirs to Lapper regardles per Summs Ruber / objs NOT recoverable ( Trude + Incrosant 2 Bus Community support / Neel Reft supprt 3 Dears misimize traction CUT AS just 2 objs 5 Ulsis Budget Nales US. Rubid Dependent UV Repl. wany hand Trying to have Dears OV our side ULAV our charus to will Master Dem.pros Pr. groux refurn PATTI Potus very CYNICAL re: Business What is Business prepared to do No evidence trat they have a pression yatros JAY - Needs the BiLL to The Busivess community Newovky * speech or the 871 Bice or the 10D XXX Dist By Dist / joBS created By NAFTA 93 - 94 Business shatfan Col Ami - - 21 Rah m very cyvical in his attitude 6 Hillin KX-VX Chile more meetal what , Ite WAZTA Side Agreements - JAY 's idea Rubis Low should walers I 51-6AC economy By Lorraine Woellert THE WASHINGTON TIMES TRADE President Clinton will make trade- From page B8 negotiating authority a legislative pri- ority in the coming year and already has met with 60 to 70 congressmen has begun working with Congress to to seek their input and support. develop a bill allowing fast-track trade "The administration is not going deals. to put a bill forward in a vacuum," Mr. Clinton said in a press confer- Mrs. Barshefksy said, adding that ence yesterday that free trade is key to the White House hopes to intro- keeping the U.S. economy humming. duce a bill in the first half of Sep- Clinton to press for fast-track trade power "We must continue to reach out to tember. "We want the broadest the more than 95 percent of the world's possible consensus." consumers who live beyond our bor- Any legislation would include ders," he said. "That is why I will ask provisions that the United States Congress to give me fast-track author- has already reached in trade talks ity to negotiate new trade agreements with Chile, which is trying to join that will extend free and fair trade to the United States, Canada and Mexico in the North American keep our economy going." Free Trade Agreement. A fast-track bill would give the ad- Procedures for negotiating with ministration the authority to negotiate other countries have yet to be trade deals that are protected from worked out. congressional amendments. Adminis- "Plainly, Congress would be in- tration officials already have begun volved with respect to countries trade talks with Chile, but they beyond Chile," Mrs. Barshefsky wouldn't say yesterday what other said. countries are slated for fast-track talks. Partisan politics have held up a fast- track bill in Congress, where Demo- crats are insisting that any legislation include provisions that would require foreign companies exporting to the United States to adhere to the same labor and environmental regulations that U.S. companies face. House Minority Leader Richard A. Gephardt, Missouri Democrat, is lead- ing the fight against any fast-track bill that doesn't include those provisions. Passage of any legislation at this point appears to be hinging on the Repub- lican majority in Congress, which has been pushing the administration to move forward on the legislation. "It's a controversial issue, surpris- ingly so, because it is so clear that our economic performance is tied to our exports," U.S. Trade Representative Charlene Barshefsky said yesterday. Administration officials wouldn't of- fer clues to their political strategy, but they do plan to meet with congressional leaders during the August recess to discuss the issue. Mr. Clinton already see TRADE, page B14 The Washington Times THURSDAY, AUGUST 7, 1997 By Martin Sieff THE WASHINGTON TIMES TALKS positive vision of the future," Mr. Secretary of State Madeleine K. From page Al Zogby said. "She included a lot of Albright yesterday endorsed Is- the right things that needed to be raeli Prime Minister Benjamin killing innocent people and build- said." Netanyahu's plan to speed up Mid- ing houses. It is not possible to ad- But he warned that Mr. Arafat dle East talks by launching new dress political issues seriously in a climate of intimidation and terror." could not and should not be U.S. echoes Netanyahu's call to speed up talks negotiations for a final peace deal blamed for terrorist attacks that with the Palestinians. Mr. Netanyahu has urged the But her proposal was certain to Clinton administration to abandon appeared to have been organized the cautious timetable of the 1993 from Lebanon by the Islamic Re- infuriate the Palestinians, who al- Oslo peace accords and push for sistance Movement, or Hamas. ready deeply distrust the Clinton immediate negotiations on a final "Arafat is not the enemy. He is administration. They accuse it of settlement between Israel and the not doing the bombing. It is not siding with Israel. Palestinians. The Palestinians op- being carried out from areas he Mrs. Albright announced she posed that, charging that such a controls. He is making a serious will go to the Middle East at the move would allow Israel to dictate effort to prevent it," Mr. Zogby Albright announces mission to Mideast end of the month, her first visit to terms to them. said. the region as secretary of state. Mrs. Albright, in her speech, for Mr. Arafat was being criticized In Gaza, Palestinian Authority the first time indicated that Wash- for saying that the Palestinians had President Yasser Arafat warned of ington might follow the Netanyahu lost confidence in the peace pro- a "big struggle" and "battle" that, policy. cess, he added. he said, Mr. Netanyahu "is forcing "To restore momentum, we have The Palestinian leader issued a upon us." to increase confidence on both somber statement yesterday, President Clinton signaled his sides about where the negotiating warning his followers of a "big complete support for Mrs. Al- process is leading. [Then] it will struggle ahead." bright's proposals by using at a be easier for them to overcome set- news conference yesterday lan- He urged Palestinians "to be backs and avoid distractions along prepared for the battle that Netan- guage virtually identical to a the way. This will require acceler- speech given by his secretary of yahu is forcing upon us and ating permanent status negoti- state at the National Press Club. what is coming is worse than what ations," she said. "Today, this step we have seen so far." The president, virtually echoing is urgent and important." arguments made by Mr. Netan- She also echoed Mr. Netanyahu Palestinians would have to use yahu, rejected any moral by insisting that Mr. Arafat crack all their resources of "brains, mus- equivalence between Israeli plans down unconditionally on terror cle and food" in the new trial of to build new housing projects in and keep terrorists jailed instead strength with the Israeli author- and around Jerusalem with Is- of releasing them. ities, Mr. Arafat said in a statement lamic terrorist bomb attacks "There must be 100-percent ef- released through the Palestinian against Israeli civilians. fort, both with regard to unilateral news agency Wafa. "We are pre- A double-suicide bomb attack Palestinian Authority measures pared to eat grass - we will not last week in Jerusalem's Mahane against terror and in Israeli- give in." Yehuda produce market killed 15 Palestinian security cooperation," Chief PLO negotiator Saeb persons, including the bombers, Mrs. Albright said. Erekat said Mr. Netanyahu was and wounded 170 others. It "On this issue, there can be no plotting to reoccupy Palestinian- brought an immediate halt to U.S. winks, no double meanings, no controlled territories in the West efforts to restart negotiations be- double standards and, with respect Bank and Gaza because of threats tween Israel and the Palestinians to the imprisonment of terrorists, to send troops to those areas. Israel that crashed when the Israelis no revolving doors," she said. "Nor launched a crackdown against the started a housing project in Jeru- can the level of security coopera- Palestinians after the market salem in March. tion ebb and flow with the ups and bombing. "There is no parallel between downs of negotiation. The Pales- "The Israeli measures indicated bombs and bulldozers. You cannot tinian commitment to fight terror the Israeli government's readiness have an environment in which peo- must be constant and absolute." to launch a war on the Palestinian ple believe that to get what they Mr. Netanyahu's office wel- Authority, President Arafat and want is to kill innocent people," Mr. comed Mrs. Albright's speech, the Palestinian people," he told a Clinton said. calling it "serious" and said "much news conference in the West Bank. "Let me be clear," Mrs. Albright thought was invested in it." In Syria, official newspapers said. "There is no moral James Zogby, president of the took a similar line. They warned equivalency between suicide Arab-American Institute in Wash- that Mr. Netanyahu was pushing bombers and bulldozers, between ington, said Mrs. Albright's speech the Middle East toward a "grave was a constructive contribution to see TALKS, page A13 explosion" and urged Arabs to pre- the peace process. pare for "military and political" The secretary "presented a battles with Israel. The Washington Times THURSDAY. AUGUST 7, 1997 Fast or Fatal Track for Democrats? The Irishman, as William Butter Yeats ists. the Pat Buchanan-led economic na- It also goes to the politics of 2000. Leal- rats-privately, that number is more like wrote, has "an abiding sense of tragedy tionalists and Ross Perot. ing the fight against fast track will e 70-out of the 206 total House Democrats. which sustains him through temporary pe- Despite the strong economy. the public House Minority Leader Dick Gephardt (I., But according to a reliable Democratic riods of joy. If political parties were na- is skeptical of unfettered free trade. In this Mo.). Within the administration sits an 11)- strategist, there are currently fewer than tionalities, the Democrats would be Irish. week's Wall Street Journal/NBC News comfortable Vice President Albert Goe, 60 Democratic votes for fast-track. At a For Democrats. joyful over the schisms poll. respondents by a stunning 2-to-1 mar- who knows the issue is going to cause hm White House meeting last week. Rep. plaguing Republicans, there is a looming gin opposed giving the president fast-track grief with core constituencies. Charles Rangel of New York, the ranking calamity: the fast-track initiative Presi- authority. Mr. Gephardt has tried to persuade he Democrat on the Ways and Means com- dent Clinton will propose in September to Some of this is a residual effect of the administration to water down any request mittee. pointedly warned the president he give him authority to negotiate free-trade 1993. North America Free Trade Agree- for fast-track authority. in order to linit has to do more for workers displaced by THE WALL STREET JOURNAL THURSDAY, JULY 31, 1997 agreements. ment. U.S. Trade Representative Charlene the political fallout: even free-trade )e- trade pacts. There are two realities here: One, fast- Barshefsky, in laying the groundwork for mocrats like California's Vic Fazio have Other concessions may prove very elu- track is essential if the U.S. is to continue fast-track legislation, has talked to more voiced concern to both Mr. Gephardt and sive. The Nafta side agreement on labor to play a leading role in the global econ- than 175 members of Congress, and practi- the White House over the likely political and environment has proven toothless. omy; but two. it will seriously exacerbate cally every one offers a Nafta horror story damage. But Clinton operatives are con- Leading congressional Republicans now fault lines within the Democratic Party. It of some plant that moved or jobs that were insist on going the other way, telling the is a foregone conclusion that a decisive ma- lost. Actually, much of this is exagger- Uphill Track White House there must be language that ated; Nafta hasn't vet produced some of makes it clear that any trade negotiations jority of congressional Democrats will vote against the president; the ensuing tensions the benefits proponents promised, but nei- President Clinton will ask Congress to give involving labor and environmental mat- will make it considerably harder for them ther has it caused the ills critics claim. him "fast-track" authority to negotiate more ters will be very limited. to win back control of Congress in 1998. But the White House will try strenu- free trade agreements. This would mean hat "If the president tries to cater to Dick ously to divorce fast-track from these once the negotiations are completed. Gephardt and John Sweeney, he's not go- Nafta perceptions. "We won't fight this on Congress would take an up-or-down vote, ing to get fast-track," bluntly warns Rep. Politics & People the Nafta battleground,' says Victoria but not make any amendments or changes David Dreier (R Calif. a key GOP trade Radd, a top White House aide who has Do you favor or oppose this? strategist. been detailed to the fast-track fight. "We In the end the president will probably By Albert R. Hunt will fight it on the future battleground. FAVOR 32% succeed. Despite public opinion and formi- Similarly, Ambassador Barshefsky says: 61% dable opposition, presidents almost invari- OPPOSE "To say that fast track is Nafta ignores the ably win major foreign policy and trade The fast-track legislation would simply necessity for U.S. leadership in the global Poll taken July 26-28, 1997. initiatives. Moreover, for all the rhetoric of give the president the authority to negoti- economy. labor, the pro-trade business community But no matter how the argument is has more resources. And there would be ate trade agreements, whether bilateral deals with Chile and South Africa or sec- framed, it splits the Democratic party. It's THE WALL STREET JOURNAL NEWS PCLL consequences if fast-track fails. Trade ne- toral pacts in areas like agriculture and fi- a little bit of the New Democrat vs. Old De- gotiations would continue without the nancial services. These treaties then mocrat schism. But more than that, it re- temptuous of Mr. Gephardt's motives, U.S.; only recently Canada cut a deal with would be brought back to Congress for up- flects different constituencies-th more charging he only advances thinly dis- Chile. or-down approval but couldn't be amended traditional and usually industrial districts guised protectionist pitches that the presi- Moreover, as the president showed in or changed. VS. higher-tech, cutting-edge sectors of the dent finds unacceptable. the recently completed budget deal, Without fast-track, any trade pact The administration plans an allout when he needlessly caved in on some tax economy. would become a special-interest bazaar in These splits will be symbolized today. push. It has hired an outside lobbyist tddi- provisions in order to get a quick deal- the legislative branch. When Congress The president will meet with several dozen rect the campaign; the top cabinet officials to clear the decks for fast-track this started to reject portions of trade agree- House Democrats at the White House to will be actively engaged this fall; and it fall often prefers dealing with Re ments a quarter-century ago, this proce- pitch fast track. At about the same time, a has enlisted two highly resourceful former publicans. Thus, the likely final resolu- dure was necessitated. Such authority ex- few hundred yards away in the AFL-CIO members of congress, Republican Vin V/e- tion-another second-term victory for the pired several years ago, and without it, building, the too labor chieftain, John ber and Democrat Tom Downey, a close White House that virtually assures con- any major trade deals are impossible. Sweeney, will convene a meeting of lead- confidant of Mr. Gore. tinued GOP control of the House in As right as it is on the merits, the poli- ing legislative, political and media offi- The battle will be waged first in the 1998-is a bargain to which Bill Clinton, tics of fast-track are dicey. The opposition cials from major unions to map an anti- House, where Republicans publicly insist and congressional Republicans are grow- will include labor, many environmental- fast-track strategy. the White House must deliver 90 Demcc- ing accustomed. rs to the Editor omething's Out There, Somewhere When I was young my cousin explained Mr. Gonzalez apparently knows every possible way that life can develop. perhaps Yes, life is fragile and unique, but those to me that the Dow had just gone above 600 for the first time in history. and that we after 3 brief consultation with God. are relative terms at best. The fragility is This kind of narrow thinking is de- one honed in the raging furnaces of stars were lucky to see it. He speculated that it might even go above 1000 in our lifetimes. plorable in a scientist, trying to state that and therefore resilient and enduring. The That it would be closing near 8000 was because certain conditions occurred in test uniqueness is one that is intrinsic, like a quite out of anyone's experience. and case A (Earth) they must be present in test snowflake; each one different, but with in- case B (elsewhere) for life to exist. For ex- finite variations. While the creation of life hence was not considered possible. I am ample. I concede that the presence of a surely requires nature to "follow the direc- struck. then. by the timing of the July 16 tions carefully when baking," per Mr. Gon- editorial-page piece by Guillermo Gonza- lez. "Nobody Here but Us Earthlings. Mr. NOW's Opposition zalez, we need to realize that our universe is comprised of nothing but trillions of Gonzalez joins a long line of experts who have stated that nothing can exist that To Promise Keepers "ovens" all cooking at once. Whether we choose to call the baker God or Nature, the they. personally. can't imagine. based on The Rev. Ann K. Larson, in her July 22 sheer volume of implements at His dis- their own experience. I am not convinced. Letter to the Editor, writes that I misrep- posal prove He has a fairly boundless mar- When I worked at NASA in the 1980s I resented her in my July 11 editorial-page gin of error in His recipes, and life is most was convinced that a fair number of astro- piece "NOW's Time Is Past," by implying likely His "soup du jour." Life is not a physicists and astronomers would have that she was a supporter of the Promise question. It is an imperative from the chef. been willing to prove that life on Earth was Keepers. For the record. the Rev. Larson ANTONIO GONZALEZ SO improbable that it. too. couldn't exist. made it clear to me when I interviewed Pembroke Pines, Fla. Thankfully, this group has had to consider her for the piece that she opposed the the data, in addition to their own preju- group. Her opposition should be evident A Misunderstanding, dice. In fact. the history of modern astron- from the fact that she sought to amend, omy has repeatedly demonstrated that rather than reject, NOW's virulently anti- Not Act of Bad Faith Earth is not all that special. our own egos Promise Keeper resolution. Nonetheless, I aside. There are probably millions of In regard to your article about the appreciated the fact that she was open- Earth-like planets in this galaxy alone. Be- minded enough to grant in her amend- breakup of Conrail, I would like to clarify cause we Earthlings are here. it is much ment language that men have needs, several points regarding our relationship more likely that we aren't alone. with the Norfolk Southern Railroad. Dur- too-something many of her colleagues at Mr. Gonzalez claimed to "consider the NOW cannot bring themselves to ac- ing the winter and early spring we had necessary conditions for both the origin of knowledge. several discussions with NS representa- life" and its maintenance. This is remark- SALLY L. SATEL tives on their proposed acquisition of Con- able, since the conditions for the origin of Washington rail and how it would affect our railroads. life are quite unknown. His list of condi- NS did make certain commitments to us at tions is thus somewhat laughable: only by nearby gas giant like Jupiter would that time. Subsequent discussions with NS finding life elsewhere will we ever be able greatly ease the process of life developing revealed that there was a misunderstand- to consider the common conditions that al- on a planet. but it would be unprofessional ing between the parties as to the exact de- OW lite. and throw out those that are to state categorically that a gas giant is tails of those commitments. necessary for the development of life. Fur- merely "the way it was" on Earth. Far The tone of your article was that NS, ther. the vast majority of Mr. Gonzalez's from weakening the case for extraterres- having won the battle for acquisition of trial life. recent discoveries III astronomy conditions have less merit than the gas g1- Conrail, was now reneging on promises gamma-ray bursts. black holes, and as- ant hypothesis. The evidence does not sup- made. I want to stress that, based on our port his conclusions. teroid impacts. etc.) only serve to tell us subsequent conversations with NS, we be- that we grew up 111 a tough neighborhood. JOHN HAUGH lieve this was an honest misunderstanding Atlanta Juxtaposed is the current understanding between the parties. We do not believe that that lite was widespread on Earth as much NS acted in bad faith in dealing with us. Clearly, the parameters within which as 3.8 billion years ago (about one-third Our subsequent conversations with NS the age of the universe). Life here must life (as we know it) can emerge, are nar- officials also resulted in their furnishing have formed at a time when the bombard- row (i.e.: liquid water. moderate tempera- us with the details of what operating, com- ture range. etc.). Likewise, as our knowl- ment of Earth by asteroids and comets was mercial and service arrangements they edge increases we find additional con- many times greater in both frequency and will put in place when they take over Con- straints which further define these bound- intensity. and at a time when Earth prob- rail. These arrangements are a distinct aries. However, Mr. Gonzalez fails to ably didn't even have an ozone layer to improvement over what we now have with mention that simultaneous with our dis- THE WALL THURSDAY, 31, 1997 protect the surface from solar ultraviolet Conrail, and we believe they are a strong radiation. covery of narrowing pre-conditions for foundation for further good faith discus- life, we're also finding a universe that is do agree with Mr. Gonzalez that "Why sions that we hope will result in the best are we here?" is a perfectly reasonable vastly larger. with millions of galaxies, commercial and industrial development question. Nonetheless, "Are we alone?" re- "each" containing "billions" of stars. Ob- environment in the North Central Penn- mains one of the most fascinating ques- viously, while life will emerge only in spe- sylvania region that we serve. tions in science today. cial environments. the statistical probabil- RICHARD D. ROBEY ity of more and more such opportunities JOHN D. RUMMEL, PH.D. President existing increases exponentially the fur- Marine Biological Laboratory North Shore Railroad Co. Woods Hole. Mass. ther we look out toward the expanding Northumberland, Pa. edge of the universe. It amazes me that a professional as- Life indeed is a delicate achievement of tronomer should have such a stunningly nature. However. it is a fragility with inflexible mind as Mr. Gonzalez. Mr. Gon- broad dimensions. There are sponges and zalez argues that extraterrestrial life does crabs thriving on this planet in total dark- not exist because it is statistically unlikely ness next to undersea volcanic vents that to occur elsewhere precisely the same way spew toxic minerals and where the water it occurred on Earth. Can he not imagine would boil but for the intense pressure. There are fish in Antarctica who exist in any possible scenario other than exactly what occurred here on Earth? He states subfreezing temperatures with blood that. if one "looks at the astronomical data chemically analogous to antifreeze. There with an open mind" it becomes obvious are microbes that exist and propagate in that "early estimates lof habitable worlds pools of minerals and acids. Clearly, the in the universe| were wildly optimistic." size of the "window" for life is not as Mr. Gonzalez leaps from stating "Given diminutive, nor as rare, as Mr. Gonzalez that the laws of chemistry and physics'are would have us believe. universal" to the hypothesis that life is The universe admittedly is a hostile only possible if an environment has "liquid place, as Mr. Gonzalez asserts. Galaxies water. a long-term stable energy source do appear to harbor. at their center, mas- and" 17 particular elements. He also states sive black holes that spew dangerous radi- that such an environment must also enjoy ation. Such a massive black hole, in fact, another 31 astronomical conditions for life is most likely what lies at the center of our own Milky Way galaxy. Yet we and the di- portunity." to occur, leading to a "small window of op- nosaurs before us managed to evolve into existence from one-celled life forms and collectively survived a couple of mass ex- tinctions to ensure a couple of hundred million years of continuing life on this fragile sphere. Mark, Michael W. Williams 07/30/97 01:26:49 PM For mtg Record Type: Record Thurs. night To: Steven J. Ronnel/WHO/EOP -Deve cc: Subject: Fast Track Mtg. EVENT: Congressional Fast Track Meeting I DATE: Thursday, July 31 TIME: 6:30 PM - 7:30 PM LOCATION: Yellow Oval Room ***Please note, Members of Congress should enter the NW Gate at 6:15PM and park on the NW Drive. MEMBERS PENDING (5): Rep. John Murtha Rep. Joseph Kennedy Rep. Bob Menendez Rep. Donald Payne Rep. Julian Dixon MEMBERS CONFIRMED TO ATTEND (28): Rep. Robert Matsui Rep. James Moran Rep. Vic Fazio Rep. Silvestre Reyes Rep. Charles Stenholm Rep. Peter Deutsch Rep. Zoe Lofgren Rep. Tom Barrett Rep. Norm Dicks Rep. Jay Johnson Rep. Chris John Rep. Adam Smith Rep. David Minge Rep. Nita Lowey Rep. Bill Luther Rep. Vic Synder Rep. Lee Hamilton Rep. Martin Meehan Rep. Michael McIntyre Rep. David Price Rep. Floyd Flake Rep. Bob Clement Rep. Harold Ford Jr. Rep. Ellen Tauscher Rep. Ike Skelton Rep. Bob Etheridge Rep. Jane Harman Rep. Carolyn McCarthy MEMBERS INVITED BUT UNABLE TO ATTEND: Rep. Martin Frost Rep. Lloyd Doggett ADMINISTRATION PARTICIPANTS: The President The Vice President Secretary Rubin Secretary Glickman Secretary Daly Secretary Herman Ambassador Barshefsky Administrator Browner Counselor McLarty Under Secretary Eizenstat SpraH Avg 1/57 Voted In NA 7TA Lost 350, mfg jo35 COUNT Big 70mg little Torms every dams plut X-t classes is NA77A GATT / Phase OUT 1 quotus much Non coverning SANA Lu plats closed 2 CT NAF.A S.C. plut 850 plut Shipping NX.C. 10% - 10% COST Adv. clised the plast Denn, - What cillar signt Blue L cn't afford to cose Henizuy MAZMOI (over) 850 port 2 Unempl. J.C. 3 30,000 MARLBOO 12.9% 11.700 Country Chesta Couts 11.1% 1/2 Uncopl Dillos Struton Edjent 10.7 cst whe up 2 it goods Lee 9-6 % S.C. 8000 mfg overse State / Lets driv, gut LItalp ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ Imme et 300 3 B, A prx P paper flows / nivia wege / vo hearth CANE Buzznels Ermils to wast Textle / 5 havion stretg / Backword integate Rule of miss Lile NATM MEMORANDUM OF CALL Previous editions usable TO: mack YOU WERE CALLED BY- YOU WERE VISITED BY- Phil Barnett OF (Organization) menphis Nat'l Cotton Council PLEASE PHONE FTS AUTOVON 901 274 9030 WILL CALL AGAIN IS WAITING TO SEE YOU RETURNED YOUR CALL WISHES AN APPOINTMENT MESSAGE {Re: CBA Parody Joli Coud - - RECEIVED BY DATE TIME Ana 7/25 3:15 50363-111 NSN 7540-00-634-4018 OPTIONAL FORM 363 (Rev. 1-94) *U.S. G.P.O.:1994-300-891/00003 Prescribed by GSA 3:00 3: 3:30 224- (1835 B>+e him her D of Te Adn Asts, This 0.0 five of the Hills does wit naise it 0 D. you writ CB1 return - nentioned CAST Dr Rubis - Trent Rep -oped (Gnissriel) Ron WVD MEMORANDUM / That LoTT OF CALL Previous editions usable TO: Maca YOU WERE CALLED BY- YOU WERE VISITED BY- Ken Duberstein 3 2 3 B.W he Anche OF (Organization) PLEASE PHONE (Enter area code, if necessary) DSN 728-1100 fanley /LSTT Trest WILL CALL AGAIN IS WAITING TO SEE YOU Europe stood him cap RETURNED YOUR CALL WISHES AN APPOINTMENT MESSAGE Clirtol phase CAN a 2 PT to Cata " ov actitdate Doc 1982/1983 CBI Std. Benners CAN priouts or [Tret L.H ] recos NAFTA EnH RECEIVED BY. & DATE 2/11 OPTIONAL FORM 363 (Rev. 7-94) TIME 4:55 LOTT TD-61 NSN 7540-00-634-4018 50363-111 General Services Administration UNICOR FPI-SST Charlese Jun /97 MEMORANDUM OF CALL Previous editions usable TO: my stuff / Sent Fivree YOU WERE CALLED BY- YOU WERE VISITED BY- n Rst Craid OF (Organization) wout Accept Pot Bill PLEASE PHONE (Enter area code, DSN if, necessary) we will A.cept Crain WILL CALL AGAIN IS WAITING TO SEE YOU give 7 Case people Textal RETURNED YOUR CALL WISHES AN APPOINTMENT MESSAGE 3:00 >5trff meeting today 56890 > MY stull W Sustrict Kish Develf my program Edimet AgAinst was t mens oppsser UNITS 18 menvies letta - Rot sweezy RECEIVED BY DATE TIME Pers Repl / 1-1-51 Helars Steam - NSN 7540-00-634-4018 OPTIONAL FORM 363 (Rev. 7-94) 50363-111 General Services Administration UNICOR FPI-SST Lott - letter Charles CLINTON LIBRARY PHOTOCOPY Snt up MEMORANDUM person Previous editions usable DUSIN Stncf pess OF CALL TO: Mach BAN "Citchup" rendy tonct YOU WERE CALLED BY- Same group if Lives YOU WERE VISITED BY- wishes 114 John OF (Organization) AAto to Sen, Roth CB I 8 hould Priegt USTX PLEASE:PHONE (Enter area code, DSN Lool live if necessary) 224-3679 [ Frid WILL CALL AGAIN House vension NOT IS WAITING TO SEE YOU RETURNED YOUR CALL WISHES AN APPOINTMENT MESSAGE Trzing to assemble amall Walius groups group to work ont CBI Bicamens ON to attes: Who would you like to tolive is Sives designate as admin Bill contact BY P. person. DATE 7/11 House TIME Exec Band RECEIVED 10:15 Dr ns House a Signature NSN 7540-00-634-4018 1:00 OPTIONAL FORM 363 (Rev. 7-94) Svs. General Services Administration 50363-111 UNICOR FPI-SST I believe nelson left a nog. for him. Hirr Bosses mizar player issues CLINTON LIBRARY PHOTOCOPY ESP. includent routing/ Trade provisions Steve Charle Juy 11197 MEMORANDUM OF CALL Previous editions usable TO: Mack LNOW-> Franl PAulle N Change YOU WERE CALLED BY YOU WERE VISITED BY- Ken Duberstein Process - How NOT of OF (Organization) Trade 5th Ff ges PLEASE PHONE (Enter area code, DSN if necessary) 728-1100 coursel or diafties, WILL CALL AGAIN a IS WAITING TO SEE YOU Gardwen febbre News RETURNED YOUR CALL WISHES AN APPOINTMENT Cyn Johns mantsu. MESSAGE Table to him for \ men Mitsu cost before you call John Duncan - it loa Bruee WILSON Ragel priority & good news. request of RECEIVED BY DATE - 7/11 TIME a our office 15 c/- RECEIPT 10:45 Q NSN 7540-00-634-4018 OPTIONAL FORM 363 (Rev. 7-94) 50363-111 General Services Administration Adm will wal our (3POTUS 3 IN recos If UNICOR FPI-SST CLINTON LIBRARY PHOTOCOPY her D MEMORANDUM OF CALL Previous editions usable I TO: mack Secy Madeline YOU WERE CALLED BY- YOU WERE VISITED BY- Ken Duberstein Rot See OF (Organization) PLEASE PHONE (Enter area code, DSN if necessary) 2 Newt / McCaffy 7281100 7.28 1100 WILL CALL AGAIN IS WAITING TO SEE YOU Trut RETURNED YOUR CALL WISHES AN APPOINTMENT MESSAGE Ret Please phone ASAP - NOTE- There is a personal 3 her loyes / Arch letter for you from hum in Mine your blue folder RECEIVED BY DATE TIME Ana 7/16 4 435 Potus / Lott NSN 7540-00-634-4018 OPTIONAL FORM 363 (Rev. 7-94) 50363-111 General Services Administration UNICOR FPI-SST CLINTON LIBRARY PHOTOCOPY Jug /97 MEMORANDUM OF CALL Previous editions usable TO: mack USTN YOU WERE CALLED BY YOU WERE VISITED BY- Rits Hanes Rita Hayes OF (Organization) Covs. Affain U5Th PLEASE PHONE (Enter area code, DSN if necessary) Get tose then 53026 support ?? WILL CALL AGAIN IS WAITING TO SEE YOU ATMI- Xase BILL RETURNED YOUR CALL WISHES AN APPOINTMENT AMA MESSAGE "Very important 7 Chanlese Ritu reportiss be Textles is it wrows is = - Appavel only pertiter - I Apparel stextl I RECEIVED BY DATE TIME Ana 7/21 12:30 wink out Their differences NSN 7540-00-634-4018 OPTIONAL FORM 363 (Rev. 7-94) 50363-111 General Services Administration UNICOR FPI-SST per Retri CLINTON LIBRARY PHOTOCOPY THE WHITE HOUSE July 17/97 Bob- Help Needed NOW of majishv per earlier taching points to you. Discussions at A emition Paint. CAn Needs to Be today to moderate Moyiv has He probably Lisjt Be supporties BUT moderation A his position will help. RememBer Tris is i Presidention Commetant. POTES restated LAST night his corcern a about this mn Hen Consequer of Net mahivs gual over) on commitment Could new Bost people illegar mignrits to your hometown 1 Mismi. Buy,hood Respect fully - - med / CLINTON LIBRARY PHOTOCOPY THE WHITE HOUSE Jug 17197 Mike - Please get 8.6 to male tris CAN to Mainhan today Imp to TC President psid cmp milk. MAY Anb 11 Was MEMORANDUM OF CALL Previous editions usable TO: mack YOU WERE CALLED BY- YOU WERE VISITED BY- Ron Klain OF (Organization) PLEASE PHONE (Enter area code, if necessary) DSN Mack- \ 66605 WILL CALL AGAIN IS WAITING TO SEE YOU nelson is RETURNED YOUR CALL WISHES AN APPOINTMENT MESSAGE USTN - Negociatives going to fax taking points to Franan RECEIVED BY P. DATE Ana 7/18 TIME 9:06 NSN 7540-00-634-4018 50363-111 OPTIONAL FORM 363 (Rev. 7-94) ] General Services Administration UNICOR FPI-SST Ron Klain @ OVP 07/18/97 11:07:32 AM Record Type: Record To: Patricia A. McHugh/WHO/EOP CC: Subject: CBI I have been trying to reach Mack to tell him that the VP is VERY CONCERNED about where we are headed on CBI and environmental conditions. He has been distressed by recent reports on this. Can you pass this along to Mack? Thanks. THE WHITE HOUSE WASHINGTON OFFICE OF MACK MCLARTY Counselor to the President Special Envoy for the Americas FAX TRANSMITTAL SHEET TO: MIKE FROMAN FAX: 622-0073 PHONE: FROM: MACK Mc LARTY SUBJECT: DATE: 7/17/97 NUMBER OF PAGES (Including Cover): 3 MESSAGES: (NOTE FAXED To ANNABELLA'S ATTENTION FOR SECRETARY RUBIN.) If all pages are not received, please call 202/456-2000. 2463 The document accompanying this facsimile transmittal sheet is intended only for the use of the individual or entity to whom it is addressed. This message contains information which may be privileged, confidential or exempt from disclosure under applicable law. If the reader of this message is not the intended recipient, or the employee or agent responsible for delivering the message to the intended recipient, you are hereby notified that any disclosure, dissemination, copying, or distribution, or the taking of any action in reliance on the contents of this communication is strictly prohibited. THE WHITE HOUSE Juy 17197 Mike - Please get 8.6 to ansle tris CAn to Mounhs today I Imp to Te President pad imp matter. MANY XALs rl mad THE WHITE HOUSE July 17/97 Bob- Help Needed NOW of maying per earlier taching points to you Discussions at A critical Point. CAn Needs to Be today to moderate MOYIV has He probably writ Be supprited BUT modention A his position Live help. Rememiser This is L Presidention Commitment. POTS restated LAST night his corcern about this matter Consequer il Net mahives 540ml over) on commitment Could mind Bont people illigar migrinits Buy hiod to your hometown 1 M.Am. Respect fully - fully - med / THE WHITE HOUSE WASHINGTON OFFICE OF MACK MCLARTY Counselor to the President Special Envoy for the Americas FAX TRANSMITTAL SHEET TO: SECRETARY RUBIN ATTN: ANNABELLA FAX: 622-0000 PHONE: FROM: MACIL McLARRY SUBJECT: DATE: 7/17/97 NUMBER OF PAGES (Including Cover): 2 MESSAGES: If all pages are not received, please call 202/456-2000. 2463 The document accompanying this facsimile transmittal sheet is intended only for the use of the individual or entity to whom it is addressed. This message contains information which may be privileged, confidential or exempt from disclosure under applicable law. If the reader of this message is not the intended recipient, or the employee or agent responsible for delivering the message to the intended recipient, you are hereby notified that any disclosure, dissemination, copying, or distribution, or the taking of any action in reliance on the contents of this communication is strictly prohibited. MESSAGE CONFIRMATION JUL-17-97 10:03 FAX NUMBER : 2024562215 NAME : FAX NUMBER : 96220000 PAGE : 02 ELAPSED TIME : 00'39" MODE : G3 STD RESULTS : O.K MESSAGE CONFIRMATION JUL-17-97 10:05 FAX NUMBER : 2024562215 NAME : FAX NUMBER : 96220073 PAGE : 03 ELAPSED TIME : 00'50" MODE : G3 STD RESULTS : O.K Sent by Fax by THE WHITE HOUSE WASHINGTON July 17, 1997 MEMORANDUM FOR BRUCE LINDSEY FROM: MACK McLARTY Mach, 1 pm SUBJECT: PHONE CALL BY THE PRESIDENT TO SENATOR LOTT Attached are talking points for the President's use in a call to Senator Lott. The President agreed to call Lott in a conversation with Lott last night. USTR has cleared the language. ME Thank you. NEC/NSC CBIPOTUS. TK1 Page 1 TALKING POINTS FOR CALL TO SENATOR LOTT: CARIBBEAN BASIN INITIATIVE (CBI) TRADE ENHANCEMENT I am calling to touch base on negotiations over the Caribbean Basin Initiative (CBI) Trade Enhancement provisions in the budget reconciliation conference. As you know, I have been committed for several years to providing trade relief to the Caribbean and Central American nations in the Caribbean Basin. When I was in Costa Rica and Barbados this Spring, I reaffirmed that commitment to the region's leaders. I was obviously pleased at your statement of support last week for trade relief for the CBI nations. Note: Lott stated in a press conference that he supported CBI trade relief, and was inclined toward the Crane bill, which differs in important respects from the Administration version. Of the two versions of CBI Trade Enhancement, we obviously prefer the Administration's proposal over the Crane bill because it helps move the Caribbean Basin nations toward free trade accession. But we see some flexibility in fashioning a compromise between the two. Chairman Roth has taken a very positive step by convening a bicameral working group that includes Administration representatives to work through the issues. I understand a good start has been made. Please know that you have my Administration's support for keeping a negotiated CBI trade provision in the budget reconciliation bill. Tuna-Dolphin Bill Senator Lott has agreed to file for cloture today (against a Boxer/Biden filibuster) and to bring up Tuna-Dolphin for a vote early next week. The bill has passed the House and the Senate Commerce Committee. You sent a letter yesterday to Sen. Lott (see attached) asking him to support quick passage of our bill. You should thank him for his support. You can also tell him that at his request we have worked to secure the support of Democratic Senators, and now have ten who will support Tuna-Dolphin in a cloture vote. THE WHITE HOUSE July 17/97 mach BAnny- we Need your Sirgular lendership today with the AHAC had enclist. Important commitment of the President And of ours (mach Ad Barry) AS wea. MANY thats - Agrid. Mid THE WHITE HOUSE WASHINGTON July 17, 1997 MEMORANDUM FOR THE DIRECTOR OF THE OFFICE OF NATIONAL DRUG CONTROL POLICY BARRY MCCAFFREY FROM: MACK MCLARTY COUNSELOR TO THE WRS AND SPECIAL ENVOY FOR THE AMERICAS Subject: Provision in the Budget Reconciliation Bill Providing Enhanced Trade Benefits to Nations Involved in The Caribbean Basin Initiative Senator Roth has convened a conference committee process this week seeking to resolve differences between the Senate and House over a the provision in the Budget Reconciliation bill that will provide enhanced trade benefits to nations involved in the Caribbean Basin Initiative. The House bill includes a one-year provision with back-ended conditionality. It differs substantially from the Administration's eight-year bill with tougher conditionality. The Senate did not include any trade related issues in its Budget Reconciliation bill, but Senators Roth and Lott are favorably disposed to keeping a CBI enhanced trade benefit provision in conference. While substantial differences remain to be worked out between the Senate and House and the Administration, I think with the right push from the Administration we can make a difference in strengthening commitments from key Senate and House conferees to ensure that every consideration is made aimed at achieving a successful resolution of this provision. Suggested Actions: Given your leadership role in the Caribbean region on the security/counter narcotics front, your key role at the Bridgetown Summit nailing down the Declaration of Principles, and that in CBI nations there is a strong link between economic opportunities through enhanced trade benefits and reducing dependency on the drug trade for survival, it would be particularly beneficial to have you call Majority Leader Lott, Senator Roth and Chairman Archer as soon as possible and express those views. The message is that this is a priority issue for the Administration, both from a regional economic and security front, and there is some flexibility on the content of the legislation. Senators Roth and Lott received similar messages from me within the past week. Administration Involvement To Date: The President's commitment to the legislation has been firm all along, beginning with its inclusion in his FY 1998 budget submission to the Congress in February. It has served as the catalyst to get us where we are today The Administration's legislation was transmitted to the Congress on June 17th, and was introduced by Senator Graham (S.984) co-sponsored by Senators Mack, McCain, Dewine and Moseley-Braun. In the House, Congressman Rangel introduced it (H.R. 2096). Treasury Secretary Rubin sent a letter on July 3 letter to the House Conferees indicating the high priority that the Administration places on keeping a provision in the Budget Reconciliation bill that will provide enhanced benefits to Nations involved in the Caribbean Basin Initiative. Background: Caribbean nations will be in a much better position to combat narcotics trafficking as pledged to in the Bridgetown Declaration. Unless these nations are able to stem the diversionary impact that NAFTA is having on their trade and investment, workers who are displaced from their jobs will have few choices to turn to. The inclusion of a trade enhancement provision in the final budget reconciliation bill will serve to firm up the President's commitments outlined in the Bridgetown Declaration of Principles, and signed by the Heads of State, to increase cooperation along the regional economic and security front. The declaration states in very direct terms: "We pledge to enhance the Caribbean-U.S. trade relationship by supporting the expeditious passage of legislation by the United States, to confer CBI treatment on an extended basis, to products of Caribbean origin which are currently excluded." The proposed U.S.- Caribbean Basin Trade Enhancement bill is part of an integrated Administration-wide strategy to advance economic progress and promote regional cooperation throughout the Caribbean. It signals our intention to expand trade with Caribbean countries on terms consistent with the objectives of the Free Trade Area of the Americas. The key to the success of the existing CBI program, and of what is contemplated in the enhance benefit measure, is that the trade provides benefits to both the U.S. and to the Caribbean countries. The majority of our apparel imports from Caribbean countries contain substantial U.S. content. This means U.S. producers and workers make the fabric and the other inputs (linings, sewing thread, notions) that go into the CBI's apparel; U.S. companies employ people in cutting and distribution in the U.S. and so on. By expanding the benefits, particularly in the textile and apparel sector, to Caribbean nations, U.S. companies will increase market share of apparel made with U.S. content. SAM Fried MEMORANDUM OF CALL Previous editions usable TO: Mach CB1 YOU WERE CALLED BY- - YOU WERE VISITED BY amb Vega OF (Organization) Dominion Rep. PLEASE PHONE (Enter area.code; DSN 332-1786 if necessary WILL CALL AGAIN IS WAITING TO SEE YOU RETURNED YOUR CALL WISHES AN APPOINTMENT MESSAGE [Eric will call him back. ] 667-5700 667 - 5700 / RECEIVED BY C DATE NSN 7540-00-634-4018 c TIME 7/10 noon OPTIONAL FORM 363 (Rev. 7-94) 50363-111 General Services Administration UNICOR FPI-SST N.Y. Toth } CAP person /DLC 5Am fried July 10/97 Textile provision - Silent a opposed Domestic ist 5pl.t retailess for it 14r. wisdow Inst Trod - / Gn. The Beyord 14n - [Trole dears for Inst Trad 614-479-7199 [memsers] - Wel Weil July 10/97 NOT 100% w the Adm good In CBI Lott prionities 5hml List Equitres Altersate 15.00 House "R.pped of tret" Dems Still an the B.L AS Dear altervation Budget male Roth happy Bipantsnship 80 ustes DASCLE Bob Enshan - soul note LOTT / support undecided pressure or Bid Sides 5 - } 7Amley - Fruit of the coom What is 7Amly's objection to Charleve 's B.G What car we d, to Accomodate 7Arker Helms/ FAmelin CLINTON LIBRARY PHOTOCOPY 07/17/97 THU 10:28 FAX ARA/CCA 001 THE WHITE HOUSE WASHINGTON OFFICE OF MACK MCLARTY Counselor to the President Special Envoy for the Americas FAX TRANSMITTAL SHEET TO: NELSON CUNNINGHAM ANA- Please pass to Nelson "ASAP." 7b " FAX: ( 2215 PHONE: D.Macky FROM: DANLESMEZ 2 Steve SUBJECT: CBITEA iNFO. 3 DATE: 7/17/97 Eric 4 Nelson NUMBER OF PAGES (Including Cover): $ MESSAGES: 1 Letter Roth. from McCain of Graha to 2) Article Senate in today's fournal of Commerce on Partiamentarian 's inclination If all pages are not received, please call 202/456-2000. to rule Byrd Rule in order. The document accompanying this facsimile transmittal sheet is intended only for the use of the individual or entity to whom it is addressed. This message contains information which may be privileged, confidential or exempt from disclosure under applicable law. If the reader of this message is not the intended recipient, or the employee or agent responsible for delivering the message to the intended recipient, you are hereby notified that any disclosure, dissemination, copying, or distribution, or the taking of any action in reliance on the contents of this communication is strictly prohibited 07/17/97 THU 10:29 FAX ARA/CCA 07/17/97 002 10:14 1202 395 4658 USTR CONG AFFRS 07/16/97 18:20 003/004 United States Senate WASHINGTON, DC 20510 July 16, 1997 The Honorable william V. Roth, Jr. Chairman Committee on Finance 104 Hart Senate Office Building Washington, D.C. 20510-0801 Dear Chairman: The joint Senate-House budget reconciliation conference is considering a proposal to reduce tariffs on products, such as textile and apparels, from countries in the Caribbean Basin, and could include this measure in the final conference agreement. The proposal was included in the House version of the reconciliation bill, but has not been addressed in the Senate. I respectfully ask you to support this significant initiative. The Caribbean Basin Initiative (CBI) was set up in 1983 to provide incentives for American investment and trade with Caribbean countries. Many American companies, particularly in the apparel industry, have invested in the Caribbean Basin during the past decade due to these incentives. During 1994 alone, some $4.6 billion in textile and apparel products were shipped to the United States from this region. The North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) has created a trade diversion that has unfairly impacted the CBI countries and companies invested in them_ Because of NAFTA, goods, shipped from Mexico are becoming less expensive relative to products shipped from the Caribbean countries, where tariffs are higher. As a result, the rate of growth for apparel imports from CBI countries into the United States fell from 25 percent during 1995 to about 8 percent in 1996, while apparal imports from Mexico grew by 41 percent during the same five-month period. The diversion created by NAFTA has also enhanced the attractiveness of Mexico as a site for investing in manufacturing operations for export to the United States. Companies in the Caribbean Basin are considering relocating to Mexico because of the less costly trade restrictions. Industry groups say that approximately 275, 000 American jobs that depend on current Caribbean trade may be at risk. American factories located in this region are being hurt by this trade diversion, and the CBI 07/17/97 THU 10:29 FAX ARA/CCA 003 07/17/97 10:15 202 395 4656 USTR CONG AFFRS 004/004 07/16/97 18:20 The Honorable William V. Roth, JI. July 16, 1997 Page 2 countries are complaining that they are being treated unfairly by NAFTA. It is important that the people of the Caribbean Basin have real opportunities in the legal economy so that they are not forced to turn to drug trafficking to feed their family. The Caribbean has been one of the principal transit regions for drug traffickers moving their poisonous cargo from the source countries of South America. In addition, the recent WTO decision on bananas could have a devastating effect on the economies of several countries in the region, thereby exacerbating the potential for people to turn to illegal activities. Strengthening Caribbean economies through enhanced trade and economic activity will help keep drugs off the streets of America, and out of the hands of America's children. There are also security interests at stake in the Caribbean. We have seen time and again how economic instability can foment political turmoil, which in turn can require American political or military involvement. In the past, economic and political instability has also resulted in massive refugee flows to the United States, which places an unfair burden on taxpayers. You are encouraged to support NAFTA parity for Caribbean Basin countries. It is in our interest to treat these countries fairly. If we fail to seize this opportunity, others will take our place of leadership, and our economy will be the loser. Sincerely, Jh mile DoD Gratem John McCain Bob Graham United States Senator United States Senator 07/17/97 THU 10:30 FAX ARA/CCA 004 JUL 20 'CA 03:23AM P.2/3 that Mexico earned under the North American Free Trade Agreement. Unlike that pact, in which Mexico agreed to lower all its barriers to U.S. exports, Nafta parity involves no reciprocal trade benefits for the United States. Technicality may Out of place snag Nafta parity But on Wednesday, Parliamentarian Robert Dove, who is the arbiter of disputes Senate's parliamentarian says the on Senate procedure, said the Caribbean plan is out of place plan to give free-trade benefits to in the budget bill. His ruling Central America and the Caribbean would require supporters of the doesn't belong in the big budget bill Caribbean plan to muster 60 before Congress. Senate votes to prevent the JUL 17 1997 measure from being stripped BY JOHN MAGGS out of the budget bill. JOURNAL O.P. COMMERCE STAFF A Senate rule - named the Byrd Rule after Sen. Robert WASHINGTON - An effort to extend free- Byrd, D-W.Va., who first pro- trade benefits to Central America and the Carib- posed it - generally prohibits been was in jeopardy Wednesday because of a the addition of non-budgetary technicality. riders to budget legislation. The Senate's parliamentarian said the plan, In an interview, Mr. Dove which affects $5.8 billion in imports from the re- said the Caribbean bill violates gion. does not belong in the giant budget bill the Byrd rule because it in- now before Congress. volves "serious policy ques- If the plan is scuttled, it would be a setback to tions" that are unrelated to some U.S-based apparel companies seeking to spending or revenue-raising. expand production in Central America and the Parity has been pushed by Carlbbean. U.S.-based apparel makers with The parliamentarian's decision makes it more factories in Central America, likely that U.S. underwear maker and lobbying led by Chicago-based Sara Lee powerhouse Fruit of the Loom will succeed in ei- Corp. Chairman John Bryan is ther defeating the Caribbean plan or forcing one of President Clinton's most changes that will benefit that company's cotton loyal business supporters. fabric factories in the United States. The Caribbean plan. known as "Nafta parity," Budget bill attachment would offer Central American and Caribbean na- dons the same tariff and quota cuts for apparel After repeatedly failing to See PARITY, Page SA pass Nafta parity in a free- standing use bill, these sup- porters succeeded in getting it attached to the budget bill that passed the House last month. The Senate and House this week are trying to reconcile competing budget bills, and one of the differences is over Nafta parity. Unlike previous years when the Caribbean plan met a quick death in Congress, it appeared until recently that some version of the bill had a much better chance of passage in 1997. 07/17/97 THU 10:30 FAX ARA/CCA 005 JUL 20 'CA 03:23AM P.3/3 A crucial factor has been the National Security Adviser Sandy kind of compromise in the advocacy of President Clinton, Berger - have pushed hard for House version of the bill. who promised Central Ameri- Nafta parity as an economic can and Carlbbean leaders in boen for the region that will "Fruit (of the Loom) has the May that be would fight for the give its people an alternative to plan. drug trafflcking. advantage of being perfectly Officials for these govern- happy to kill the (House) bill," Even without the procedural ments have argued that Nafta "Byrd Rule" complaint raised said one Senate staffer "They has hurt them by giving Mexico by Mr. Dove, Nafta parity has are only helped by any Byrd an advantage in textile and ap- faced considerable opposition Rule-problem." parel exporting to the United in the Senate. Fourteen sena- States. tors signed a letter to President Fruit of the Loom has its But trade data show that Clinton last week opposing the Central America and the Carlb- House plan, and the top Rc- own apparel factories in Cen- been have actually gained a publican and Democrat on the tral America and the Carlbbean, larger share of the U.S. market tax- and tariff-writing Senate which use fabric made by the since Nafta was enacted. Finance Committee are against company's factories in the including it in the budget bill. United States. It fears competi- Advisers push hard House and Senate aides tion from apparel makers in Wednesday were previously un- This aside, two of Mr. aware of Mr. Dove's judgment, the Caribbean region with ac- Clinton's foreign policy advisers but most agreed that it proba- cest to lower-cost fabric from - counselor Mack McLarty and bly makes more likely some Asia and elsewhere. - CBI To Do Jun10197 / CAn Pregn nic. Ron 1 D.6 N Newt CAn pe 16v D 3 Can Cauterbes Mayival - 4 Rubit / JAMES Jumms 2 D/dep1 3 anger Q 5 Ste CAr re:Rox I l USM / Chmler A Synatt 7 Support I 2 Beason- Hey MEMORANDUM OF CALL Previous editions usable TO: Focey Brasnil for more Than trey Set YOU WERE CALLED BY YOU WERE VISITED BY- Ken Dubinstein OF (Organization) mmel /4 16 phase PLEASE PHONE (Enter area code, DSN CArs ov Behalf 0 fite if necessary) 728-1100 POT'S WILL CALL AGAIN IS WAITING TO SEE YOU POTS RETURNED YOUR CALL WISHES AN APPOINTMENT Bin Ande wants MESSAGE S Sidney 75th CBI Ph.c Casse Binas invice Hero B.L Rot PART CAS get a B.U Plazoy of Adm Bir a words is PAT May received & NOT opposed ween DATE 7/9 TIME RECEIVED BY 79 OPTIONAL FORM 363 (Rev. 7-94) 1:25 Trel LoH wal NewT sumetime NSN 00-634-4018 out General Services Administration 50363-111 UNICOR FPI-SST Evie Dubro 3 legislate Interatt Stu E Trade staffers) Luchirs up Firews \ CLINTON LIBRARY PHOTOCOPY Withdrawal/Redaction Marker Clinton Library DOCUMENT NO. SUBJECT/TITLE DATE RESTRICTION AND TYPE 001: memo Ana Buque to the WAVES Center; RE: Personally Identifiable 07/14/1997 #Error Information [partial] (1 page) COLLECTION: Clinton Presidential Records Special Envoy for the Americas General Files OA/Box Number: 11851 FOLDER TITLE: Fast Track - Current (9/97) [1] 2017-0401-F db4733 RESTRICTION CODES Presidential Records Act - |44 U.S.C. 2204(a)] Freedom of Information Act - 15 U.S.C. 552(b)] P1 National Security Classified Information [(a)(1) of the PRAJ b(1) National security classified information [(b)(1) of the FOIA] P2 Relating to the appointment to Federal office [(a)(2) of the PRAJ b(2) Release would disclose internal personnel rules and practices of P3 Release would violate a Federal statute ((a)(3) of the PRA| an agency [(b)(2) of the FOIA] P4 Release would disclose trade secrets or confidential commercial or b(3) Release would violate a Federal statute [(b)(3) of the FOIA] financial information |(a)(4) of the PRA] b(4) Release would disclose trade secrets or confidential or financial P5 Release would disclose confidential advice between the President information [(b)(4) of the FOIA] and his advisors, or between such advisors [a)(5) of the PRA] b(6) Release would constitute a clearly unwarranted invasion of P6 Release would constitute a clearly unwarranted invasion of personal privacy |(b)(6) of the FOIA] personal privacy [(a)(6) of the PRAJ b(7) Release would disclose information compiled for law enforcement purposes [(b)(7) of the FOIA] C. Closed in accordance with restrictions contained in donor's deed b(8) Release would disclose information concerning the regulation of of gift. financial institutions [(b)(8) of the FOIA] PRM. Personal record misfile defined in accordance with 44 U.S.C. b(9) Release would disclose geological or geophysical information 2201(3). concerning wells |(b)(9) of the FOIA] RR. Document will be reviewed upon request. July 14, 1997 MEMORANDUM FOR WAVES CENTER FROM: ANA DUQUE, OFFICE OF MACK MCLARTY RE: Appointment request for 4:30 pm Please wave the following Ambassadors in for 4:30 pm today. They will be meeting Thomas "Mack" McLarty in room 476, OEOB. Flores Bermudez, Roberto Honduras [001] Picado, Sonia Costa Rica Lamport, Pedro Guatemala (b)(6) Vega, Bernardo Dominican Republic Sol, Ana Cristina El Salvador Peace regiod Hoperfor time) Aguirre, Francisco Nicaragua HAS My extension is x65290 if there are any questions. Thanks. Gznd D 3rd Arective Committed 5mg Albert meeting I more 1 UNGA laty Sept I implements the PONS Commitments IN CSM Then The comments 11) CBT @Imgrts n NO is justs) 2 Dias have Contral of NO retronctivis } regist & Adi 70m step 3 Help Their MAN Brad 7011 Trad Chile 4 C Are waling together 77AA 4 Tabe Necessary steps) 5 Smtso Summt -- idention --. partracys So Clinton Library Photocopy Annit 2 the Coom CN Compunise DC reacted Dole / to LOBBY As. CBI nisit inbnic Popes' supprt NOT or in linb Conditionaliti issue /Le A/A Christiva Av Christisa cover She is d ffficult Some Problems with the Administration's Caribbean Basin Trade Enhancement Act While the real objective is a free trade treaty with the United States, Nafta parity is a positive intermediate step. However there are problems in the text of the CBTEA: 1 nelson 5 Enc 3 Steve I - Nafta Issues 4 5 original wan to Macls The Administration's Caribbean Basin Trade Enhancement Act includes a number of conditions for receiving the trade benefits, after three years, which are really matters to be included in the text of a bilateral trade agreement, but because of their bilateral nature, are not appropriately issues to be included in the legislation of an individual country. If the Enhancement Act were to be revoked say , in five years, the beneficiary countries would lose the trade benefits but would have had to comply with the conditionalities, and would have no recourse to obtain remedies. While it is true that the legislation seeks to be a stepping stone to Nafta membership, it should not unilaterally obligate a beneficiary country to adopt and comply with a number of chapters of the Nafta treaty to which this country is not yet a party to. The three countries that have signed the Nafta have recourse to a dispute settlement mechanism, but the Central American and Caribbean countries would have no access to it. Also, Mexico was granted a number of years to comply with these requirements, while Central American and Caribbean countries would have to comply immediately. The specific issues involved are: a) Conditionalities The administration's discretionary authority to determine if CBI countries have satisfactorily, fulfilled conditionalities are too extensive. LAnger from Coud Rosalit to ondixxin Case Bill Favilst ausiv Textle C hines NOT tnlies twis from U.S Deft fetitel CANNIT Sidi Guota issue -2- b) Intellectual Property Rights The Enhancement Act correctly requires that beneficiary countries comply with Uruguay Round Agreement Act IPR issues. However it also requires compliance with the additional standards established in chapter 17 and article 1711 (6) of the Nafta. c) Protection to U.S. Investors and Investments The Enhancement Act conditions benefits to compliance with chapter 11 of the Nafta. d) Most Favored Treatment to U.S. Goods This is also a matter for international convention, not the law of one country. e) Safeguard Provisions The safeguard provision is really a treaty matter and would imply the renouncing of WTO rights. II Non-Nafta and Non-Trade Issues The Enhancement Act also includes conditions which were never required from Mexico under the Nafta, because they are not trade related. They should not be included in a trade bill. These are: 1) "Certification" on drug-trafficking. 2) Having signed a convention regarding extradition of nationals. 3) Having signed the Inter-American convention against corruption. -3- The San José declaration provides the adequate institutional mechanism which will permit continuous treatment of all the above mentioned issues and this mechanism should be enhanced III Some Provisions Included in the House Bill which are Beneficial to the Caribbean and Central America and which do not Appear in the Administration Bill Section 809 The bill approved by the House includes duty free imports under section 809. This allows imports of apparel, made out of US cloth cut in beneficiary countries. IV Other Provisions Included in the Administration Bill which are Prejudicial to the Caribbean and Central America and which do not Appear in the Bill Approved by the House. Ratchet Down The administration bill reduces the bilateral textile quotas negotiated with each country by an amount equal to the quantity of apparel imported under the Caribbean Trade Enhancement Act. This provision violates the principles established under the agreement in textiles and clothing (ATC) which clearly states that a member's access to a market, can not be reduced (Art. 4) CENAMBS.WPD Page 1 July 14, 1997 BRIEFING MEMORANDUM FOR MACK MCLARTY From: Dan Lesmez cc: Nelson Cunningham Eric Farnsworth Steve Ronnel Subject: Briefing for the Central American Ambassadors on the CBI Trade Enhancement Legislation Regarding the Administration's Involvement, the Status and Outlook for the Legislation This is the third meeting you are holding with the Central American Ambassadors related to the CBI Trade Enhancement Act (CBITEA) over the last year and half. This meeting is taking place at their request. Administration Involvement The President's commitment to the legislation has been firm all along, beginning with its inclusion in his FY 1998 budget submission to the Congress in February. It has served as the catalyst to get us where we are today. The President asked me, some time ago, to take the lead in pushing this legislation, and he has recently asked me to coordinate Presidential trip follow-up, and to heighten my role as coordinator for Caribbean Basin issues. For the past several months, my office along with the USTR, NEC and NSC has convened several inter-agency meetings to advance the legislative process. The Administration's legislation was transmitted to the Congress on June 17th. Subsequently, I had a few conversations with Senator Graham, and he agreed to introduce the Administration's bill (S.984) co-sponsored by Senators Mack, McCain, Dewine and Moseley-Braun. Congressman Rangel introduced it in the House (H.R. 2096). Last week was very productive for this legislation, as I proceeded to contact a number of key legislators to impress upon them the high priority that the Administration places on the CBITEA legislation and that we remain flexible on the content of the legislation. I spoke with Majority Leader Lott, Senators Lautenberg and Lugar, and the staffs of Chairman Roth and Speaker Gingrich about this legislation and asked for their support during the conference process. And Senator Lott, at his daily press conference the next morning stated that he favored expanded trade relations with Caribbean nations. This week my office will be working closely with Chairman Roth's staff, whom the Chairman designated to direct a conference process involving key bipartisan staff from the Senate and the House aimed at obtaining a joint conference offer. CENAMBS.WPD Page 2 Internally, I also have coordinated efforts on CBITEA with Treasury Secretary Rubin, Undersecretary Stu Eizenstadt, and several key people at the White House. Secretary of Treasury Rubin sent a letter to the House Conferees which contained information indicating to them the President's strong commitment to provide relief to CBI nations from the unanticipated trade and investment diversionary effects of the NAFTA. And, last week Secretary Rubin agreed to speak with Senator Moynihan about this issue, as the Senator appears to be softening his stance in firm opposition to the CBITEA. Again, a very productive week. The Competing Proposals and Outlook The proposal sponsored by Rep. Crane includes a year-plus authority, which hardly begins to provide the type of relief that is needed for the CBI region. It is understandable that with such a short time horizon in the Crane proposal, it would be hard justify inclusion of the phased-in benefits and reciprocity that are sought in the legislation sent up by the Administration. The Administration's proposal, in keeping with Summit of the Americas declaration of principles, as well as that of other follow-on Summits, believes that the enhanced trade benefits that CBI nation's will receive need to be used wisely to simultaneously help prepare these nations for the incorporation into the FTAA by 2005. All of the democratically-elected governments of the hemisphere are committed to making substantial progress by the year 2000, and that is why the Administration's proposal includes the phased-in benefits and reciprocity. As I stated earlier, we remain flexible on the content of the legislation. Ideally, we would prefer our 8 year proposal. However, politics is the art of compromise, so this week I am convening an interagency process to come up with the Administration's position on CBITEA legislation and communicate it to the conferees. We are doing what we can, and we need you to maintain your active involvement. Central America Trade and Investment Council Meeting If asked about the Central America Trade and Investment Council (TIC) meeting, USTR sent a communique last week to all the countries that attended the San Jose Summit, informing the Trade Ministers of the upcoming TIC meeting in Washington on July 23rd including a proposed agenda. EYP.B ASSUES MEMORANDUM OF CALL Previous editions usable Stu. E TO mack YOU WERE CALLED BY- YOU. WERE VISITED BY Secy AI br.stt commitated Stu Eizenstadt AAMA - mayisher- OF (CAROLY (Organization) Per. KEENE) (Enter area code, WINNABLE NOT oppose PLEASE PHONE DSN Gif necessary) 647 7575 mendition Brondbit CBI WILL CALL AGAIN IS WAITING TO SEE YOU WISHES AN APPOINTMENT Enhnicement positive RETURNED YOUR CALL MESSAGE the le be at WH (Roosevelt Mechanism for Negreation 2- 3:30 - will Rm) D Time lest - 4 yr. 24r mid stop Joy after 5 Conditionality will coll RECEIVED BY, 7/11 3 GSP Larguage DATE TIME Ana COD B:45 4 JPR WILLINGNESS NSN 7540-00-634-4018 OPTIONAL FORM 363 (Rev. 7-94) 50363-111 General Services Administration 5 7nbric ATM, US 7rbnk UNICOR FPI-SST CLINTON LIBRARY PHOTOCOPY Newson Street Stu-- July 11, 1997 For your meeting with Mack: Anything less than an energetic campaign from the White House on this issue will be seen in Central America and especially the Caribbean as backtracking on the President's commitment during his San Jose and Barbados summits. -- We are preparing talkers for Secretary Albright to follow up with Moynihan and Roth AAMA's take on Moynihan, after the call with apparel industry reps, is that he might be winnable, at least not to actively oppose the bill According to Crane's trade staffer, Meredith Broadbent, the majority of House conferees are lined up in favor of CBI enhancement. We need to kick off a negotiation to revise the Crane bill. USTR leadership and dedication to the process will be crucial. -- Assuming we go with the Crane bill's level of benefits, we see four main issues for negotiation: Length: If we can't get eight years, we ought to try for four, noting that the Andean Preferences Act terminates in December 2001, or at a minimum two. Of course, the longer the program, the richer the off-sets (about $200 million-per year at zero duties). Conditionality: Our bill's labor and environment provisions are tied closely to current GSP language and ought to be saleable to Republicans while helping to buck up Moynihan. We could look at something like "willingness" to engage in discussions to improve investment and IPR regimes. We would probably have to shed some of our dozen conditions. Fabric: Our bill ties eligibility to greater use of U.S. fabric in apparel manufacture. ATMI has opposed the Crane bill's rules of origin as too loose. Other exports: A major ATMI complaint, the Crane bill does not reduce CBI's current access for apparel assembled from "third-country" (non-U.S. and non- CBI) components. Our bill reduces access but provides a petition mechanism to allow some trade. ATMI prefers our provision. Bryan Clear: EB:Shaun Donelly July 10, 1997 BRIEFING MEMORANDUM FOR THE SECRETARY OF THE TREASURY ROBERT RUBIN FROM: MACK MCLARTY COUNSELOR TO THE PRESIDENT AND SPECIAL ENVOY FOR THE AMERICAS Subject: Provision in the Budget Reconciliation Bill Providing Enhanced Trade Benefits to Nations Involved in The Caribbean Basin Initiative This is to follow up on the conversation we had this morning regarding your meeting at Noon today with Senator Moynihan to review the Administration's position on a host of provisions currently attached to the Budget Reconciliation measure moving through the House of Representatives and the Senate. I was glad to see that in your July 3 letter to the House Conferees you indicate that high priority that the Administration places on keeping a provision in the Budget Reconciliation bill that will provide enhanced benefits to Nations involved in the Caribbean Basin Initiative. The letter helps to affirm the President's pledge to these nations, during his trip in May, to work with the Congress to provide relief from the unanticipated trade and investment diversionary effects that NAFTA has had on them during the past three years. The inclusion of a trade enhancement provision in the final budget reconciliation bill will also serve as a strong signal that the President is following through on the commitments outlined in the Bridgetown Declaration of Principles, signed by the Heads of State, to increase cooperation along the regional economic and security front. The introductory paragraph of this declaration states the following: "We, the Heads of Ste and Government of Caribbean nations of [each nation is listed] and of the United States of America, meeting in Bridgetown, Barbados on May 10, 1997, pledge to strengthen our cooperation in responding to the challenges of the coming millennium, in a spirit of partnership and mutual respect." The proposed U.S.- Caribbean Basin Trade Enhancement bill is part of an integrated Administration-wide strategy to advance economic progress and promote regional cooperation throughout the Caribbean. It signals our intention to expand trade with Caribbean countries on terms consistent with the objectives of the Free Trade Area of the Americas. The key to the success of the existing CBI program, and of what is contemplated in the enhance benefit measure, is that the trade provides benefits to both the U.S. and to the Caribbean countries. The majority of our apparel imports from Caribbean countries contain substantial U.S. content. This means U.S. producers and workers make the fabric and the other inputs (linings, sewing thread, notions) that go into the CBI's apparel; U.S. companies employ people in cutting and distribution in the U.S. and so on. By expanding the benefits, particularly in the textile and apparel sector, to Caribbean nations, U.S. companies will increase market share of apparel made with U.S. content, particularly as we approach the opening up this sector under the WTO Sectoral provision in 2005. Otherwise, U.S. producers will be susceptible to greater imports from countries outside of the region that do not use U.S. content in their apparel. Beyond the economic benefit of the enhance trade, Caribbean nations will be in a much better position to combat the evil forces of narcotics trafficking as pledged to in the Bridgetown Declaration. Unless these nations are able to stem the diversionary impact that NAFTA is having on their trade and investment, workers who are displaced from their jobs will have few choices to turn to. You should know that Senator Lautenberg, a conferee on tax matters, met yesterday with Senator Moynihan on this issue. He brought along with him a CEO from a major apparel manufacturing firm based in his State, with facilities in the majority of the States. During the meeting, Senator Moynihan surprised both the Senator and CEO stating that he understood the diversionary effects that NAFTA is having on the Caribbean region and that he felt that it is time to provide these nations with some relief through enhance trade benefits. See DEPARTMENT THE THE INTANCIAL i Mack page 2 Dan 1789 DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY 3 Stare WASHINGTON, D.C. 4 Eric SECRETARY OF THE TREASURY July 3, 1997 5 Nelson U.S. House of Representatives Washington, D.C. 20515 Dear Conferee: We are pleased that substantial progress has been made toward implementing the terms of the historic bipartisan budget agreement between the President and the Congress. We look forward to continuing bipartisan cooperation as we work together to produce a tax-cut package that fulfills the agreement and best serves the American people. To that end, I would like to share with you the Administration's views on major issues in conference on the tax portions of revenue reconciliation. In addition, we expect to communicate further with you regarding provisions not addressed in this letter. In general, as we have previously indicated, the Administration strongly believes that any tax-cut package must meet four basic tests to reflect sound policy. First, the tax cuts must be fiscally responsible by avoiding an explosion in revenue costs in later years. Second, the tax cuts must provide a fair balance of benefits for working Americans. Third, the tax cuts must encourage economic growth. Fourth, the tax package must reflect the terms of the bipartisan budget agreement, including a significant expansion of opportunities for higher education for Americans of all ages. Neither bill meets these tests. While the Senate bill is an improvement over the House bill, both bills provide too little tax relief to middle-income families. In both the House and Senate bills, the middle sixty-percent of families receive just one-third of the tax cut; these families would receive twice as large a share under the President's proposal. Education Tax Incentives We are pleased that each bill contains a version of the President's HOPE Scholarship proposal. Nonetheless, both the House and Senate bills are inconsistent with the bipartisan budget agreement because they fall far short of meeting the specific agreement of providing roughly $35 billion over five years of higher education incentives along the lines of the President's HOPE Scholarship credit and tuition deduction proposals. While the HOPE Scholarship credit as modified in the Senate bill is an improvement over the version in the House bill, each bill significantly reduces the value of education benefits for millions of students attending low-cost institutions by cutting the percentage of expenses covered by the credit (50% in the House bill, 50% to 75% in the Senate bill). Neither bill includes a widely available tuition deduction or credit to help beyond the first two years of higher education that is consistent with the tuition deduction in the President's budget proposal. We are particularly concerned that neither bill significantly promotes life-long learning, which we believe is a critical component of education in our changing economy. In addition, neither bill offers low-income students and students who work to pay tuition meaningful help beyond the first two years of higher education. Instead, the bills require taxpayers to have the funds available to put into savings in order to be entitled to any assistance other than for the first two years. We also object to the education IRAs and prepaid tuition account provisions of both bills. These provisions fail to place sufficient limits on the income of contributors, the amounts contributed, and the uses of funds to ensure that the tax benefits go to those who need real relief from the costs of higher education. Because most workers already have an opportunity to contribute to tax deductible IRAs and the President has proposed to allow penalty-free IRA withdrawals to be used to finance higher education expenses, the education IRAs and prepaid tuition plans in the House and Senate bills will largely become vehicles to provide tax breaks for saving by upper income taxpayers that would have occurred anyway. We also object to the provision in the Senate bill that allows tax-free withdrawals from these accounts for primary and secondary school tuition, because it provides Federal subsidies to parents who send their children to private elementary and secondary schools. Overali, as compared to the President's proposals, both packages direct more benefits toward upper-income families while reducing the benefits to lower-income families, particularly those who rely on their earnings to finance higher education. The packages are clearly inconsistent with the bipartisan budget agreement. Administration Position: HOPE Scholarship and 20 percent Tuition Credit: The Administration remains strongly committed to the principle that the education tax incentives must be fair, must genuinely expand educational opportunities for Americans, and must promote life-long learning. To accomplish these objectives, the Administration believes the conferees should provide roughly $35 billion over five years for higher education by adopting the HOPE Scholarship, which gives a credit of 100 percent of the first $1,000 of tuition and fees, and 50 percent of the next $1,000 in 1998 through 2002. Students must attend school at least half time in the first two years of a post-secondary degree or certificate program. If a student is not eligible for the HOPE Scholarship but is pursuing a post-secondary degree or certificate or is enrolled in classes to improve job skills, a 20-percent credit for tuition and fees up to $5,000 through 2000 and $10,000 thereafter should be granted. This proposal addresses Congressional concerns in two ways: it lessens concerns about tuition inflation by limiting the marginal subsidy of the HOPE Scholarship to 50 cents on the dollar (rather than dollar for dollar) for students with tuition between $1,000 and 2 $2,000. It also increases the progressivity of the tuition deduction by converting it into a 20-percent credit. Administration Position on Other Features in the Education Packages In addition to providing $35 billion for the HOPE Scholarship and 20-percent tuition credit, the Administration believes that the tax package should do the following: Adopt proposals to aid K-12 public school construction (and other activities) in poor neighborhoods. Make permanent the exclusion of employer-provided educational assistance from taxable income and extend the exclusion to graduate education (Section 127). Adopt a student-loan interest deduction and a loan forgiveness exemption similar to those contained in the Senate bill. Provide tax incentives to help public elementary and secondary schools obtain up- to-date computer technology. Include a proposal to repeal the $150 million bond cap for new capital expenditures by private colleges and universities. Child Credit We are pleased that both the Senate and House bills include credits for families with children. We are deeply concerned, however, that relative to the President's proposals, the Senate bill denies the child credit to 3.8 million low-income, working families who earn less than $30,000, and the House bill denies the credit to 4.8 million of these working families. These families pay significant payroll and other federal taxes, and deserve a child credit to help raise their children just as much as other families. Accordingly, we object to stacking any portion of the child credit after the earned income tax credit unless the child credit is fully refundable. We note that both the 1995 Balanced Budget Act passed by Congress and the legislation introduced by Majority Leader Lott (S.2) this year, stacked the child credit before the EITC, as did the Democratic alternatives drafted by Representative Rangel and Senator Daschle. The Democratic packages also contained refundability features consistent with the Administration's proposal. In addition, we have a major objection to the provision in the House bill that would reduce tax benefits for many working families who are entitled to a tax credit for their child-care expenses under current law. Administration Position: The Administration believes the child credit should be stacked before the EITC. The $500 child credit ($400 in 1998) should be available for children under 17 through 2002 and under 19 thereafter. In addition, the child credit should be refundable to the extent that the family's payroll taxes exceed their earned income tax 3 credit. The credit should be accompanied by an optional Kidsave Account that allows parents the option to contribute up to the amount of the credit plus $500 per child to a nondeductible, backloaded IRA-type savings vehicle. Under this proposal earnings could be distributed tax-free for a child's post-secondary education or purchase of a first home, or for the parent's retirement, and the income limits would be the same as in the President's proposal (phased out between $60,000-$75,000 through 2000, and $80,000- $100,000 thereafter). The child credit and its income thresholds should be indexed for inflation. We note that the Senate adopted Senator Kohl's amendment to provide new incentives to expand the availability of licensed, accredited day-care facilities for working parents. Improving the quality and availability of child care for working families is an objective we share. Capital Gains Relief We are pleased that both the Senate and House bills contain the President's proposal to exclude up to $500,000 of capital gains from home sales. The Administration has recently announced its intention to expand the scope of existing provisions for targeted small-business capital gains relief. We are pleased that the Senate bill incorporates a provision that is, in many respects, consistent with our proposal, although we have concerns about certain aspects of the Senate version. We object to the additional across-the-board capital gains relief in both bills, which is too generous and would disproportionately benefit the wealthy over lower- and middle-income wage earners. Moreover, we are opposed to indexing capital gains as is done in the House bill. Indexing would contribute to an explosive revenue cost after 2007, possibly jeopardizing all our important work on deficit reduction. In addition, indexing is enormously complex and would be difficult to administer. We also object to the provision in the House bill for corporate capital gains relief, which is unwarranted and unlikely to create any significant economic growth. Administration Position: The Administration urges the conferees to provide a 30- percent exclusion for long-term capital gains. This reduces the top rate on capital gains to 27.72 percent for taxpayers in the 39.6 percent bracket. The President's proposal reduces the tax rate to 19.6 percent for taxpayers in the 28 percent bracket and reduces the tax rate to 10.5 percent for taxpayers in the 15 percent bracket. The proposal would include the President's home sale provision and targeted small-business capital gains relief. Alternative Minimum Tax Relief We are pleased that the House bill incorporates a version of the President's proposal to exempt small corporations from the AMT. We also acknowledge the importance of provisions in each bill designed to compensate for the previous lack of indexing of the individual AMT exclusion for inflation. We object, however, to the House provision that would provide $22 billion over five years in unwarranted AMT relief for large corporations. 4 Administration Position: The House provision for AMT relief for large corporations should not be adopted. IRAs and Other Savings Incentives The Administration continues to believe strongly in the importance of encouraging savings, particularly for retirement and education, and supports the IRA concept. The President's proposal includes a new saving vehicle targeted toward middle- and lower-income families, allowing parents to contribute to Kidsave accounts for their children's education, first-time home purchase, or the parents' retirement. The Administration's proposal would also encourage increased savings by middle- and lower-income families by making existing IRAs more flexible. We believe it is important that new savings incentives be sufficiently targeted in order to ensure they generate new savings and to provide savings for those who need them most. The back-loaded IRAs in both the Senate and House bills are not sufficiently targeted to lower- and middle-income families. The lack of income limits for contributors to these back-loaded IRAs compounds the out-year cost explosion. Out-year explosion of revenue cost is inconsistent with the bipartisan budget agreement. Because most workers can contribute to tax-deductible IRAs, the new provisions will largely displace saving that would have otherwise occurred by upper income taxpayers. Targeted incentives such as the Administration's optional Kidsave proposal will be more successful in significantly increasing new saving. The back-loaded IRA provisions contained in the Senate and House bills also add significantly to the problem of unfair distribution of tax benefits. Administration Position: The current structure of IRAs should be continued with the following modifications. Penalty-free withdrawals from existing IRAs should be allowed to finance higher education expenses, for first-time home purchases, and for certain other limited purposes. Optional Kidsave accounts should be provided for taxpayers who are entitled to a child credit, with contributions limited to the amount of the child credit plus $500 per child. Estate Tax Relief We are pleased that both the Senate and House bills have included versions of the Administration's proposal to provide liquidity relief for estates containing small businesses and farms. We object, however, to the sweeping estate tax relief in both bills because it is too expensive and will be of no benefit to average Americans. It contributes to the problem of exploding out-year costs. We also object to the provisions in the Senate bill that would allow inappropriate tax-planning opportunities by providing special estate and gift tax treatment for pre- paid tuition plans and an estate tax exclusion for conservation easements. Further, the unlimited repeal of the so-called "throw-back" rules in the House bill would allow certain trusts that are already tax-advantaged to reap additional, unwarranted tax benefits. We believe that estate and gift tax relief is most productively targeted to owners of small businesses and farms, along the lines of the small-business and farm provisions in the Senate bill. 5 Administration Position: The Administration believes a special exemption should be given for $900,000 of value in a qualified farm or small business in addition to the $600,000 value of the unified credit; the value of estates eligible for liquidity relief should be included as proposed in the Administration's FY 98 budget. The throw-back rules should be repealed, but the status quo should be retained under the throw-back rules for the pre-1984 trusts that are already entitled to a special exemption from the multiple trust rules. Distressed Areas and Urban Tax Initiatives The May 15, 1997 letter to the President from Speaker Gingrich and Majority Leader Lott pledged to seek inclusion of the President's proposals intended to revitalize distressed urban and rural areas throughout the country. We object to the inclusion in the Senate and House bills of only very limited aspects of some of these initiatives, and omission of other important initiatives altogether. For example, the President's brownfields proposal, which provides a tax incentive for environmental cleanup and encourages economic development in formerly contaminated areas, has been strongly supported in urban and rural communities and by the Nation's mayors. In addition, while we are pleased the House included a modified version of the President's welfare- to-work tax credit proposal, we are disappointed the Work Opportunity Tax Credit (WOTC) contained in both the House and Senate bills allows employers to claim the WOTC for hiring workers for a very short period of time and does not expand the Food Stamp target group in the WOTC to cover childless, able-bodied adults ages 18-50 who are subject to the Food Stamp time limit and work requirements. We are also pleased that both the Senate and House bills include tax incentives for the District of Columbia, but we have significant concerns with specific proposals in both bills. We look forward to working with you to pass a package of D.C. incentives that will be of greater benefit low- income District residents. Administration Position: The tax bill should include the following provisions to help address the problems of distressed areas and our cities. Include the President's D.C. incentives. Provide tax incentives to clean up brownfields in distressed communities across the United States. Expand Empowerment Zones and Enterprise Communities. Stimulate investments in Community Development Financial Institutions. While we would support the House provision on the enhanced welfare-to-work tax credit for long-term welfare recipients, the credit should be changed to 50 percent for both years. In addition, we would make no change in the current structure of the WOTC regarding 6 number of hours or credit structure, and would expand the Food Stamp target group to cover the 18-50 year olds. The package should also include provisions to facilitate restructuring our Nation's affordable housing portfolio, and provide tax incentives for new economic activity in Puerto Rico. Superfund Consistent with the President's 1998 budget, the Administration supports the extension of the current Superfund taxes through 2007 in order to fully carry out the President's initiative to achieve clean-up at two-thirds of the national priority list sites by the year 2000. Funding for this initiative was a protected priority under the bipartisan budget agreement. Independent Contractors We object to provisions such as those in the House bill that would provide a new safe harbor for independent contractor status. These provisions would permit employers to avoid essential worker protections and could lead to widespread shifting of employees to independent contractor status, resulting in loss of worker protections such as pension and health coverage, and wage and hour protections, unemployment insurance benefits and compensation for work-related injuries. An issue of such significance requires much deeper and fuller study and input from all affected parties. Administration Position: Do not include provisions on independent contractor status. Extension of Airport and Airways Trust Fund Taxes We object to the changes in the structure of the airport and airways taxes made in the House and Senate bills. Just last year Congress directed the creation of the National Civil Aviation Review Commission to perform a thorough analysis of the costs of providing FAA services to ensure that any new fee structures would reflect the use of those services. Both the House and the Senate bills would set new fee structures without the benefit of the Commission study. These proposed fee structures could have enormous unintended consequences for the U.S. airline industry. Administration Position: Extend the current airport and airways trust fund taxes so the National Civil Aviation Review Commission has sufficient time to study the issue. When it has completed its work, its findings should be taken into account in modifying or amending these taxes. Tobacco Tax The Senate bill contains a provision to raise tobacco taxes by 20 cents a pack, using part of the tax to fund children's health care. We have a significant concern about the use of the revenues from this tax. All of these revenues should be committed to benefit children and health care, and not to pay for tax cuts. We are also concerned that the funding for children's health derived from 7 the tobacco tax sunsets in FY 2002. We urge the conferees to continue funding for children's health beyond FY 2002. Administration Position: We support a 20-cent increase in the tobacco tax - we agree that it complements the budget agreement - and we endorse the idea of using all of the revenues raised by such an increase for initiatives that focus on the needs of children and health. We urge the Conferees to invest all of these funds wisely in order to ensure meaningful coverage for millions of uninsured children. The Deductibility of Health Insurance Premiums The Administration does not support the proposal included in the Senate bill to increase deductibility of health insurance premiums for the self-employed to 100 percent by 2007. It is unlikely that parity between the tax treatment of health insurance costs for employees and for self-employed individuals would result from increasing the tax deductibility of health insurance premiums for the self-employed to 100 percent. Since it is typical for employers to pay for only a portion of their employees' (or retirees') health care costs, the rest often is paid by employees and former employees in the form of after-tax contributions. The increase to an 80-percent deduction that the Administration supported in HIPAA will come closer to providing rough parity between employees over their careers and self-employed individuals than a 100-percent deduction for self-employed individuals. The Administration believes that HIPAA addresses this issue in an appropriate way and will continue to work in support of proposals that expand health insurance coverage in an equitable manner. Explosion of Costs in Out Years As discussed in the May 15, 1997 letter from Speaker Gingrich and Majority Leader Lott, tax provisions of the budget reconciliation bill "shall not cause costs to explode in the outyears." This statement notwithstanding, the net tax cuts called for in the House bill increase to $40.9 billion in 2007 from $29.7 billion in 2004. The net cuts in the Senate bill increase to $41.1 billion in 2007 from $29.0 billion in 2004. This trajectory of revenue loss is not the inevitable consequence of the tax cuts specified in the bipartisan budget agreement. The net cuts in the President's proposal, for example, only increase from $30.5 billion in 2004 to $34.1 billion in 2007. The tax items causing out-year costs to increase sharply are those that disproportionately benefit high-income taxpayers. In contrast, provisions that benefit middle-income families, such as the President's education proposals and the child credit, over time become much less significant in the overall revenue loss under the House and Senate bills. Over the first five years, education and child credit provisions account for 84.5 percent of the total tax cut in the President's proposal, 72.1 percent in the House bill, and 70.4 percent in the Senate bill. By 2007, these provisions account for 83.3 percent of the total tax cut in the President's package, but only 38.1 percent in the House bill and 43.2 percent in the Senate bill. While the significance of provisions targeted toward middle-income families diminishes over time in the Congressional packages, the cost of 8 provisions disproportionately benefiting high-income individuals explode. The capital gains, AMT, savings and estate tax provisions increase from 10.8 and 12.4 percent of the total gross tax cuts in the House and Senate bills respectively over the first five years to 55.4 and 53 percent respectively of the total gross tax cuts in 2007. The rapid growth in the cost of these provisions between 2003 and 2007 causes us to be greatly concerned about the cost of the Congressional packages beyond the ten-year budget window. Simplification The Administration is strongly committed to simplifying the tax laws and enhancing taxpayers' rights. In April, we released a revenue-neutral package of some 60 measures designed to further these objectives. We are pleased that 48 of these proposals are reflected in measures included in the House or Senate bills. We urge the conferees to give careful consideration to the remaining simplification measures in the Administration's package, such as the equitable tolling proposal that would protect the rights of disabled taxpayers, the proposal to simplify the child dependency exemption rules, and the proposal to modify the rules that apply to financial hedging transactions. We are concerned that the sheer multitude of miscellaneous tax code amendments, many with little policy merit, contained in the House and Senate bills will contribute significantly to complexity for taxpayers and tax planners. For instance, a provision in House bill would change the current 110 percent safe harbor for estimated taxes to 109 percent for 1997, to 105 percent for 1998, and back to 110 percent thereafter. This provision is simply a budget gimmick to artificially shift revenues among fiscal years; it will significantly increase complexity for taxpayers who must cope with the changing rules. We urge that all proposals being considered for inclusion in the conference agreement be carefully analyzed from the standpoint of avoiding needless complexity. Treasury and IRS staff would be pleased to work with Congressional staff on a technical level to simplify and improve the administrability of provisions under consideration. Other Issues of Concern The Administration is pleased that the House and Senate bills include a provision for foreign sales corporation treatment for software licensed abroad. We are also pleased that both the House and Senate bills recognize the importance of the continued assurance of tax benefits for ethanol to encourage the use of alternative fuels. Earlier this year, the Administration proposed extension of the excise tax exemption for ethanol in our ISTEA reauthorization proposal. We would support the Senate bill extending the incentives through 2007, but without phasing down the rates of the benefits. We also oppose the new scorekeeping language included in the House bill. The House and Senate bills contain other provisions, however, that raise significant concerns. For instance, the Administration has serious concerns about the provision in the Senate bill transferring the 4.3 cents per gallon in fuel taxes currently dedicated to deficit reduction from the General Fund to transportation trust funds. While the transfer provision in itself has no revenue or 9 spending effect, transferring the revenue may spur efforts to move the trust funds off-budget and create pressure to increase ground transportation spending to levels significantly higher than contemplated by the bipartisan budget agreement. The Administration encourages the Senate to recede to the House regarding the Generalized System of Preferences. While we find the current language in the House bill unacceptable, the Administration looks forward to working with the conferees on language providing enhanced benefits to nations involved in the Caribbean Basin Initiative. The Administration also has technical and/or policy concerns about a number of other provisions in the House and Senate bills, including, for example: the provision in the House bill that extends reporting and proxy tax requirements for political and lobbying expenditures; the treatment of corporate spin-offs within a consolidated group under the House bill's provision relating to so- called "Morris Trust" transactions; and the provision that removes controlled foreign corporations from the application of the passive foreign investment company rules. We will be communicating with you further about such issues in the future. We believe by working together, our staffs should be able to address many of these problems, and we strongly urge the conferees to authorize the staffs to begin working on such issues as soon as possible. Both the Senate and House bills are heavily laden with special-interest provisions, such as a special exemption from U.S. income tax for foreign seafarers, special tax benefits for vacation timeshare associations, new tax benefits for friends and family riding corporate jets, and special treatment of travel and meals expenses for targeted groups of taxpayers. We believe that it is inappropriate to use this reconciliation bill as a vehicle for new tax breaks for special interests. We urge the conferees to keep the revenue reconciliation bill clean of all special-interest provisions. As the revenue reconciliation bill proceeds to conference, we remain eager to work with the Congress on a bipartisan basis to fashion, and ultimately sign, tax-cut legislation that is faithful to the bipartisan budget agreement, meets the four tests outlined at the beginning of the letter, and is fair to all Americans. Sincerely, Robert E. Rubin June 27, 1997 MEMORANDUM TO MACK MCLARTY From: Dan Lesmez Dan. cc: Nelson Cunningham Eric Farnsworth Steve Ronnel Ana Maria Salazar Andrew Friendly Subject: CBI Trade Enhancement Legislation Update Yesterday morning, there was a small meeting in Bill Danvers' office, including representatives from USTR, NSC and our office, to discuss the status of the CBI Trade Enhancement (CBITEA) bill the Administration's proposal and the provision included in the House Ways and Means Committee. The meeting also provided us an opportunity to begin to map out a strategy for dealing with some of the potential "road-blocks." Activity heated up on both sides of the Capitol this week, as key parties to be affected by the CBITEA brought some of their leading representatives to Washington to try to work out a compromise bill or seek to kill the proposal in the House or in the Conference Committee. The strongest opposition is coming from the American Textile Manufacture Institute, led by Fruit of the Loom (FOL) and Milliken (its yarn supplier), unhappy with the Crane provision and the Administration's bill on two counts: (1) the provision allowing for unlimited export of apparel made of CBI regional fabric in the region; and (2) the level in the reduction of trade preference tariffs for qualifying countries that export apparel made of non-regional fabric. A well focused effort by the Administration should lead to a workable compromise, which appears to be within reach. There are two or three Senators who are on ATMI's side: Breaux, Hollings and Thurmond (unclear how much he is willing to weigh in). Prevailing view on Breaux is that if FOL's concerns can be addressed, he would be willing to back off and maybe support the inclusion of a CBITEA provision in conference. The ports in Louisiana stand to be among the biggest gainers from the increased trade resulting from this bill. Moreover, it appears that FOL is particularly interested in an exemption for "blank" t-shirts setting up a phase-in period over the next 5 to 8 years for increased imports under this category within the "regional fabric apparel assembly" provision (WTO sectoral provisions start to kick. Liz Arky at USTR Congressional Affairs is checking into the feasibility of pursuing such technical changes to the bill with USTR textile experts. Senator Moynihan has quite stated that he may pursue the Byrd rule, in a show of support for Labor, to attempt to knock out the provision from the Budget Reconciliation bill. The Byrd rule is a technical matter, with a large grey area, by which a provision attached to revenue legislation can be ruled out of order if judged to require a policy change greater than or equal to the level of the revenue change. If the parliamentarian rules the Byrd rule in order (usually subject to the call of the Majority Leader), a 60 vote majority is required to overturn that ruling. As of yesterday, there were indications that Moynihan may not be as committed as was thought to pursuing the Byrd rule. Were the Senator to pursue the Byrd Rule, he would likely turn to Chairman Roth and request that he alert Majority Leader Lott of his intention. Such a move would effectively knock the CBI provision out the conference bill, as it would be unlikely that Lott would want to fight for this provision on those grounds. Action On The Administration's Bill: The good news is that Congressman Rangel introduced the Administration's bill in the House yesterday -- H.R. 2096. Senator Graham introduced the bill this afternoon with the following original co- sponsors: McCain, Mack, Dewine and Moseley-Braun. Senator Graham's staff spent the past two days with USTR reviewing the legislation and making technical corrections. Other Senators rumored to be interested in co-sponsoring the measure, include: Dodd, Toricelli, Lugar and Grassley. Breaux may sign on [see write up on previous page]. Emerging Short-term Strategy: Sen. Breaux -- USTR will continue working with his staff next week to get him on board. Sen. Moynihan -- if he insists on pursuing the Byrd rule, it may be necessary to have cabinet level contact with him. Suggestions are to have Sec. Rubin or Sec. Albright, who have worked well with him in the past. Sen. Hollings -- USTR will maintain contact with his staff. Longer Term Strategy: It will be easier to map out an Administration strategy once we know who will be on the Conference Committee. However, the chances of keeping some reciprocity in the bill will depend on level of involvement by the Administration (i.e. calls on the Chairmen and Leadership). Action For The Office of the Special Envoy: Of more immediate concern, and an issue that should be dealt with next week is what is the Administration willing to live with in a compromise proposal. The Administration's eight-year proposal includes phased-in stepped up reciprocity after the end of the third year. Yet, the proposal that is likely to emerge from the Conference Committee is likely to include a one-to- three-year provision. Liz Arky stated that she was unsure about where the Administration would come out on reciprocity, but that she would check with the technical staff at USTR to see how the reciprocity might be changed in view of the shorter implementation period. 06/20/97 07:33 202 3959675 IAPL/USTR 001/001 THE PRESIDENT Office of the OFFICE OF UNITED THE STATES TRADE SIVIS JOHN OF THE OF UNITED THE Western Hemisphere 600 I 7TH STREET, N.W. WASHINGTON, D.C. 20508 0 PHONE 202-395-5190 FAX 202-395-9675 To: Mac McLarty From: Peter Allgeier Attached are some talking points we have done on the CBTEA. CC: Dan Lesmez U.S. Caribbean Basin Trade Enhancement Act Talking Points: Trade Policy and Economic Growth The increased openness of most Caribbean economies over the past decade, improved macroeconomic stability, and the growth of foreign direct investment has set CBI countries on a path toward improved economic growth. However, these countries will need to make structural reforms in order to take advantage of the benefits to be derived from a hemisphere-wide free trade zone. There is a perception among the CBI countries that with the passage of the NAFTA their opportunities for expanding trade to the United States have been diminished. Our proposed legislation will encourage countries to make needed structural changes while addressing their concerns regarding the NAFTA. The proposed U.S.- Caribbean Basin Trade Enhancement Act is part of an integrated Administration-wide strategy to advance economic progress and promote regional cooperation throughout the Caribbean. It signals our intention to expand trade with Caribbean countries on terms consistent with the objectives of the Free Trade Area of the Americas. The CBTEA will allow countries in the Caribbean Basin to enjoy enhanced trade while helping them to prepare for participation in the Free Trade Area of the Americas. These new trade preferences would cover all of the products not included in the existing CBI legislation (i.e., textiles/ apparel, petroleum, footwear, certain categories of flat goods and gloves, leather apparel, canned tuna and a category of watches). Certain textiles/apparel products would receive quota-free treatment. The bill would apply to textile/apparel products meeting the NAFTA rules of origin (essentially a "yarn- forward" requirement), to certain products assembled from U.S. cut and formed fabrics made from U.S. yarn, and to handicrafts. The CBTEA includes tariff and quota safeguards for textiles/ apparel products. Trade preferences for CBI beneficiaries would be phased-in, with 50 percent of the benefits available upon implementation of the legislation. After three years, the second phase of the trade preferences would be granted. Countries would be able to enjoy full CBTEA benefits by meeting conditions imposed by the legislation with respect to: (1) compliance with the rules of international trade set forth in the WTO agreements; (2) intellectual property rights; (3) investment; (4) market access for certain goods; (5) workers' rights; (6) environmental protection; (7) narcotics enforcement; (8) corruption; (9) tax information exchange. (10) government procurement; (11) customs valuation; and (12) the provision to certain products of the United States tariff treatment no less favorable than that afforded by a CBI country to other countries under any new free trade agreement After this second phase, the incentive to meet the conditions would remain, as countries could begin to enjoy the increased benefits as soon as they could demonstrate that they have met the criteria imposed by the legislation. This new trade enhancement program would not be open-ended. Since it is designed as a bridge to the FTAA, it would terminate in 2005. At that time FTAA negotiations will have been completed and all beneficiary countries should begin to reap the benefits of the Free Trade Area of the Americas. The expanded economic development that will follow enactment of the U.S. Caribbean Trade Enhancement Act will encourage citizens in beneficiary countries to direct their energies toward opportunities available in a growing formal economy. Increased economic growth among CBI countries will provide growing markets for U.S. products and enhance the ability of our neighbors to ensure justice and security within their own borders. Textiles The common goal of the Administration and many in the textile and apparel industry groups has been to expand CBI trade preferences to the textile and apparel sector, which has until now largely been excluded from duty preferences. This is to respond to the concerns of the CBI countries that feel that they have been disadvantaged by Mexico having NAFTA benefits for apparel shipments to the U.S., and also to respond to the concerns of U.S. industry that their own investments and partnership production operations in the Caribbean have continued viability and success. The key to the success of the existing CBI program is that the trade provides benefits to both the U.S. and to the Caribbean countries. The majority of our apparel imports from the Caribbean countries contains substantial U.S. content. This means that our producers and our workers make the fabric and the other inputs (linings, sewing thread, notions) that go into the CBI's apparel; our companies employ people in cutting and distribution in the U.S., and so on. The real benefit to the program is that we have seen apparel production come back to our hemisphere from Asian sources, including China. Last year, imports of apparel from the CBI grew 12 percent while imports from China were flat and imports from Hong Kong, Korea and Taiwan declined 8 percent. Over the 10 year life of the quota preference program for the CBI, imports of apparel 06/17/97 TUE 18:39 FAX ARA/ CCA E 001 come AFFRS 003/003 EXECUTIVE OFFICE OF THE PRESIDENT THE UNITED STATES TRADE REPRESENTATIVE i Mack WASHINGTON, D.C. 20508 2 Sbeve JUN 3 Eric 4 Den , Nelson The Honorable Albert Gore, Jr. President United States Senate Washington D.C. 20510 Dear Mr. President: I am transmitting the enclosed draft "United States - Caribbean Basin Trade Enhancement Act" on behalf of the President. The bill would extend to eligible Caribbean Basin Initiative (CBI) beneficiary countries certain trade preferences essentially equivalent to those Mexico receives under the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA). The bill is designed as a transitional mechanism to ensure that interested countries make meaningful policy changes that will help them to prepare for accession to the Free Trade Area of the Americas (FTAA). The bill, as drafted. provides that the benefits would remain in effect until September 30, 2005, which is based on the date for concluding negotiation of the FTAA. The Omnibus Budget and Reconciliation Act (OBRA) requires that all revenue and direct spending legislation meet a pay-as-you-go (PAYGO) requirement. This proposal would reduce receipts by $101 million in fiscal year 1998 and by $1.3 billion for fiscal years 1998-2002; therefore, it is subject to the PAYGO requirement. This proposal was included in the President's FY 1998 Budget. The Administration will work with the Congress to find offsets for this proposal consistent with the policy of balancing the budget by 2002. The Office of Management and Budget has advised that there is no objection to the presentation of this proposal to Congress and that its enactment would be in accord with the program of the President. Sincerely, Charlener Charlene Barshefsky Enclosures: Draft United States - Caribbean Basin Trade Enhancement Act Section-by-Section Analysis Liz Anly June 17/97 Will Survive is the House SMITH tay to strike The Rith HAMES m Sente tissice Stn If SANA Lee COBBY - B.LL up / DN Lesmets n LACC - Cos - Bill up Memo to Poths B.LL /Adn Gushm Recorced press I J Conim, Firsce I Amednet offer prob. NOT Truns M/U - 6un Covfree "Canny D-n with " in L.3 Proposal () Couf Come close I Cost Staff Truns orn B.LL - Because of recepuenty give AWA Case is L Suran program "peslin Bund rule "problem / Newt No problem ow) 2 Serate Tells it does L.3 agree Sent Hon Rulel OUT of ala 60 votes Weeley 7AM IN a trade Pax YAUBALL position Hiller and a # of conversations U 5 por H /LOH Ecod justification Avenue Our proposar helps debut Be less Negative Steve Chaplid June 17194 Latery MANN Apr wif NOT is recorcolintion ph Roth - July Dusen GSP \ Roth Sympatric colf NOT Vs. Tride NJ recolation House / Smith concerns hich BACL is to House TAX Bine Next well per Stree C. -> Tax Bin Before say 4 recess SLOWING down 5.00s nne LAUNA MAROUS /CUJ No undestriling why there is N. request X7 Paps request NO request Pops NOT for this !! NON -support POTUS Excuse to Repl. to BAIL OUT No pressure ow Per side yet Connie MACK help 4038 THE WHITE HOUSE WASHINGTON Neessl Enichns) INFORMATION I twe MEMORANDUM FOR THE PRESIDENT Desl FROM: SAMUEL R. BERGER R GENE SPERLING DANIEL K. TARULLO JOHN HILLEY 16111 MACK McLARTY your muse SUBJECT: Caribbean Trade Enhancement Purpose To update you on our efforts to make good on your pledge to secure legislation enhancing trade benefits for the Caribbean. Background During your visit to the Caribbean and Central America, you reaffirmed your commitment to work for legislation providing the same market access to Caribbean and Central American countries as that provided by NAFTA. We are ready to introduce the Caribbean Basin Trade Enhancement Act (CBTEA), which would expand the Caribbean Basin Initiative (CBI) to include textile and apparel products that are currently restricted. The bill is crafted to satisfy the domestic textile and apparel industries. It would phase in over six years duty-free treatment for apparel made with U.S. or Caribbean cloth. Benefits would be conditioned on meeting criteria designed to prepare beneficiaries for entry into the FTAA. They include protections for labor and the environment. Legislative Approach There is broad support for expanding Caribbean trade preferences among the Congressional Black Caucus, the Florida delegation and Republican free traders. The Textile Caucus is strongly opposed, and they may be joined by Democrats concerned about opposition from the apparel union, UNITE. We believe that Caribbean trade legislation will not pass this year unless it is included in reconciliation. USTR had originally hoped to introduce our legislation with bipartisan support from key members of Senate Finance and House Ways and Means. However, Senate Finance Chairman Bill Roth and Ranking CC: the Vice President the Chief of Staff Member Pat Moynihan oppose its inclusion in reconciliation. On the House side, Ways and Means Chairman Bill Archer has included funding for a Caribbean trade program in the tax bill, and Ranking Member Charlie Rangel is a strong supporter. The House Republican proposal contains inadequate protections for labor and the environment. Thus, we should not support it, since that could jeopardize our position with some Democrats in the run-up to the fast track debate. Neither should we oppose the Republican proposal now, since it provides a placeholder for Caribbean trade enhancement in the reconciliation bill -- which is more than we expect on the Senate side. Therefore, NSC/NEC principals agree that we should remain silent on the Archer proposal, while working with Bob Graham, the bill's strongest supporter in the Senate, to introduce our legislation next week. Textile Caucus Although our original budget proposal included offsets for CBTEA, the budget agreement does not earmark funds for this or any other trade legislation. John Spratt, the Ranking Member of the House Budget Committee and a critical ally in the budget process, strongly opposes this legislation. In his role as Chairman of the Textile Caucus, he was the chief architect of the defeat of Caribbean trade legislation in 1995. This year, Spratt insisted that the budget agreement contain no provisions for Caribbean trade legislation. On the other hand, he understands that we will go forward with a Caribbean trade bill, and acknowledges that the budget agreement in no way precludes funding such legislation as part of reconciliation. The Textile Caucus has legitimate concerns. Jobs in the apparel industry -- generally low-wage, low-skill jobs -- have fallen by 149,000 (15 percent) since NAFTA was signed. The textile industry -- which includes technologically advanced segments -- has lost 63,000 jobs (9 percent of the total) over the same period. These job losses have been concentrated in the six southeast states that account for 44 percent of national textile and apparel employment, well above their 13 percent share of total employment. On the other hand, overall employment has grown 8 percent in these states, roughly in line with the national rate. Labor and the Environment The Archer proposal contains no environmental protections and weak labor protections. Both Archer and Phil Crane, Chairman of the Ways and Means Subcommittee on Trade, strongly oppose our proposed labor and environment conditions, apparently motivated by positioning for the fast track debate. On the other side, Moynihan's staff has indicated that our bill is not sufficiently forward leaning on labor issues. Caribbean Interests Caribbean beneficiaries may perceive the Republican bill to be more generous than ours: it makes full NAFTA benefits unconditionally available in the first year and provides duty- free treatment to all Caribbean apparel, regardless of the origin of the fabric. However, we believe the same provisions also make the Republican bill less politically viable. In addition, our bill is economically more meaningful because it includes funding for five years, while Archer provides funding for a single year. 4038 THE WHITE HOUSE WASHINGTON June 9, 1997 ACTION MEMORANDUM FOR SAMUEL R. BERGER GENE SPERLING DANIEL K. TARULLO JOHN HILLEY MACK McLARTY FROM: LAEL BRAINARD SLB SUBJECT: Memorandum to the President Regarding Caribbean Trade Enhancement Please find attached a memorandum to the President informing him or your intention to submit Caribbean trade enhancement legislation next week and descibing the implications. suppen SUB Concurrence by: Bill Danvers, Jim Dobbins RECOMMENDATION That you forward the memorandum attached at Tab I to the President. Attachment Tab I Memorandum to the President 5/20 MEMORANDUM MACK- ANNIE HUGHES OF CALL Previous editions usable TO: 12 DUBERSTEIN'S Office MACK WILL LET Him Know YOU WERE LLED,BY YOU WERE VISITED BY- KEN VUBERSTEIN You ARE WARKING THE OF (Organization) CBI ISSUE HARD - PLEASE PHONE (Enter area code, DSN BACK FROM LATIN 728-1100 if necessary) AMER. THURS- - HOPE WILL CALL AGAIN, IS WAITING TO SEE YOU To HAVE /ANS- THEN . P. RETURNED YOUR CALL WISHES AN APPOINTMENT MESSAGE CBI- B.n -> = Recordicility RECEIVED BY: D DATE 5/15/135 TIME NSN 7540-00 634 4018 OPTIONAL FORM 363 (Rev. 7-94) 50363-111 General Services Administration UNICOR FPI-SST Sandy / Chartere Bylvis /JACK Lew 10.66.85 1Li3 / CBI Eshnament June 9/97 * PYAH new - Why didn't I pet a copy Emlien mutoris L Charilese 1 Date, Need to true to Enslive Frady opened meeting w proper family - Imp of CBI - Smoker cital trip POTUS commitment Push This NOW a Potus to defanlt on public commitment Charlese 50/50 Approach Berefit recepark V V cosis Cosis respond to concerts on The Hin LIF - ?? Charlese doesr't ful B.u will survive IN recoverbation Codest procession pc Charles ) 2 Lew t Smott opposities - Rept. 30 new Pers New her per lew # MATSU NCT is receivedation TALL to Steve Chaples LABu d CBI / Unite a Hitule Quiet ?? Who did I Lear Xis from Store CALL Stew Charyles * } Our position N to Averse ?? NOT sunnwhere trat's we Are )) Spart decision IV / Popes decisios ther Gossnords ** Memo fain no. Smott to Dotus - I vied I to see Bites e the Apple - MAY NOT Be Rish Repl strugh ph are Hilley view is imp. Charlese CN we respond to Sprott '5 concerns C least Somewhit it itc) We S,5N, ficath improve the Bill in the Sente 7 ) Fl is cortenence ] / THE WHITE HOUSE WASHINGTON JuNe 9/97 I Lamplix Anche 14r recossibintion BiLL had heyes crase 's Stuff driffed the BiLL Imprters Retailes Samalee wreaks gwd Apprec AAMA O.K. 7nbnic mff ATMI 3 0.6. Dou, Bulca 7Abric made is x region mre Mabrie in 71 Salavdal Regiod will L.be Bow /BUT cosceral about 14r. recepienti - NOT much 2 I 155ue per Necsor receparent Berefits USM - will have problem Sent Bob Grahm Amendments Bin writter in corf where + Potrs win show up TAX pieu presed BY July Covf is Juy / USIN AX5 hape IN Sent sd is Covf CLINTON LIBRARY PHOTOCOPY Steve Chanclin? ? 546 9615 after 7pm Closing in 61 Anchard Case some problems puttins it is reconcilinted TPL Provisior 1.2 Billin Spenha supportive BUT requestrut to ten Ancher to doct. Matsui 0.6. GSP. CBT - in recorcilintal GSP Arater SAN recommination Tr.le wsn Brenchel Ave we Ashirs Trit ? - Industry - left is TPL's retailers more wicavs But stin reluctant ATMI togethe Ind. B.LL NOTGET Juse 16 try piece Archer's march CLINTON LIBRARY PHOTOCOPY