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MMANUEL
9-17-97
BAPTIST
CHURCH
'97 SEP 17 AM8:39
August 25, 1997
President Bill Clinton
The White House
1600 Pennsylvania Avenue
Washington, D.C. 20500-2000
Dear Mr. President,
I trust your vacation is going well. I would love to play golf with you, but not so sure if your game is getting
in shape like it sounds!
Thank you for your call to Becky and the beautiful arrangement sent for her mother's memorial service. We
had it yesterday (Sunday afternoon) in Elliott which is just south of Camden.
I noticed in one news report that the minister at the service you attended made a challenge (inappropriate in
my opinion) about McVeigh. I believe worship and preaching is for all in attendance and the Holy Spirit will
apply it to all of us, one by one. Just wanted you to know that your pastor does not share the view expressed
by the minister, as I am sure you know.
Have a great vacation.
9/17/97
I'm praying for Hillary, Chelsea and you.
Send to Eugenie?
Sincerely,
Ref Dr. Rex M. Horne, Jr.
Yes
Chron
he
RMH/mlw
C.
DR. REX M. HORNE, JR., SENIOR PASTOR
1000 BISHOP STREET
LITTLE ROCK, ARKANSAS 72202
501-376-3071 FAX 501-396-3314
002
e
08/26/97 TUE 13:02 FAX
9117193
Came in interoffice mail
Send to Dorskind + Clerk
Yes
he
THE WHITE HOUSE
WASHINGTON
September 16, 1997
'97 SEP 17PM12:04
President William J. Clinton
The White House
1600 Pennsylvania Avenue, N.W.
Washington, D.C. 20500
Dear President Clinton,
Thank you for allowing me the honor and opportunity to serve you and our great country
as Deputy Associate Director of Presidential Personnel. On September 29, 1997, I will begin a
new appointment in your Administration as Special Assistant to the Director of the Bureau of
Land Management (BLM) at U.S. Department of Interior. It is for this reason that I must resign
my position at the White House effective September 26, 1997.
I take great pride in the many accomplishments of Presidential Personnel, especially
creating an Administration that looks like America. The outreach efforts that I made to
Hispanics and Native Americans are just two of the many ways we have achieved a diversity of
appointees to serve the country. Together we have appointed more Hispanics and more Native
Americans than any other previous Administration.
I look forward to continuing to serve you at the Department of Interior as the BLM takes
on the new task of managing its first national monument, Grand Staircase Escalante, in addition
to managing more than 270 million acres of federal land. I know that we will be successful in
preserving our natural resources and national heritage for the enjoyment and use of many
generations to come.
Sincerely,
Denise E. Ryan
Denise E. Ryan
Deputy Associate Director
Office of Presidential Personnel
cc:
Bob J. Nash, Director of Presidential Personnel
9/17/97
Send to Yes
to
Cordinate w/counsel? yes e
no
C.
stoff
PGA
PGA TOUR
112 TPC Boulevard
Ponte Vedra Beach, Florida 32082
904-285-3700
R
Timothy W. Finchem
September 15, 1997
Commissioner
'97 SEP 17 AM10:43
The President
The White House
Washington, D.C.
Dear Mr. President:
I am writing to formally request your support and endorsement of an initiative of the World
Golf Foundation. This initiative is a collaborative effort by golf's major organizations to
build facilities that will provide affordable access and introduce youth of all races and
socioeconomic backgrounds to the game of golf. This unparalleled venture will greatly
impact the lives of our nation's youth while acting as a model for future community-based
initiatives.
Our goal is to instill in youngsters the game's inherently positive values such as honesty,
integrity, sportsmanship and self-discipline, and through this, help them to develop greater
self esteem, civic responsibility and confidence to broaden their goals in life. It is my hope
that through this program, they will have the opportunity to share in the same enjoyment
that you and I have experienced from golf.
On November 13, we will launch the World Golf Foundation initiative with a major event
announcing President George Bush as Honorary Chairman. President Bush will join us on
that day as we tour the country introducing this national initiative. In addition to President
Bush, we expect to be joined by representatives of sponsoring organizations such as the
National Association of County Officials, League of Cities, and the U.S. Department of
Housing and Urban Development. We will also be joined by golf's major national and
international organizations including the PGA TOUR, PGA of America, the LPGA, the
Royal and Ancient Golf Club of St. Andrews, the USGA, Augusta National and The
Masters, along with more than 30 other major world golf organizations.
Hopefully, we may have a chance to discuss this further when we are next together. In the
meantime, I respectfully request a letter. in advance of our announcement in November,
indicating your formal endorsement of the World Golf Foundation's efforts.
The President
Page Two
Upon your departure from office, it is my hope that you will accept an offer to serve in a
similar capacity to that of President Bush, as Honorary Chairman of the World Golf
Foundation. This position will enable you to share your enthusiasm for and give back to
the game from which we have both benefitted so much.
With kindest regards, I remain,
Sincerely,
To Timothy W. Finchem
FedEx®
EXPRESS SHIPPING LABEL
246
PART 148394 Rev. 7/96 11/96
© 1990-96 Federal Express Corporation
R
FOR USE BY POWERSHIP CUSTOMERS ONLY
©
Federal Express
1003720
00394/01000
9529332032
Sender's 1427-9538-8 Account Number
952 9332 032
Federal Express
FedEx
952 9332 032
0
I
CUSTOMER PACKAGE TRACKING NUMBER - PULL UP PURPLE TAB
From
Finchem
Ship Date 9/15/97
To (If Hold for Pickup, Print FEDEX Address Here) (We Cannot Deliver to P.O. Boxes or P.O. Zip Codes.)
Ms. Nancy Hernreich
Director of Oval Office Operations
PGA TOUR
The White House
112 TPC BLVD-SAWGRASS
West Wing, First Floor
PONTE VEDRA BEACH FL 32082-3046
ReledWashington,
DC 20500
Phone No.
Reference Info
Routing Code
101.4120
6
SVC
Priority Overnight Service
Standard Overnight Service
Econ Two-Day
FedEx Express
i
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400 or - FedEx
CODE
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name
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HANDLING
FOR
WEEK. SATURDAY
CODES
PICK-UP
CAY
JACKIE SUTHERLAND
SHIP DATE 15SEP97
PGM TOUR
RCC # 142795388
112 TPC BLVD
PONTE VEDRA BEACH FL 32082
ACTUAL WGT: 1 LBS MAN-WT
(904)285-3700
TO: MS NANCY HERNREICH
THE WHITE HOUSE
WEST WING, FIRST FLOOR
WASHINGTON
DC 20500
952 9332 032 FedEx.
#147924 Format# 077 G.S.I. 10/96.
952 9332 032 Form 0003
DO
REF: TIM FINCHEM
The Wo
PRIORITY OVERNIGHT
TUE
cad # 0026745 15SEP97
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FEDEX LETTER
TRK# 952 9332 032
Form 0003
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Deliver by:
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16SEP97
20500-DC-US
XY BZS
California Second Congressional District
"Staff
as
HOUSE
Congressman Wally Herger
REPRESENTATIVE U.S. CENTATIVE OF
2433 Rayburn House Office Building
Washington, D.C. 20515-0502
Phone (202) 225-3076
FAX Cover Sheet
'97 SEP 17AM11:19
Date: 9-16-97
To: PRESIDENT CLINTON
Fax to:
456-6703
From: DALLAS SCHOLES
No. of Pages (including cover):
4
Message:
9/17/97
Send to degislative Affairs?
Yes
no
C.
Notice of Confidentiality
This message is intended for the individual or entity designated above You are hereby notified that any
dissemination, distribution, copying, or use of or reliance upon the information in and transmitted with this facsimile
by or to anyone other than the recipient designated above by the sender is unauthorized and strictly prohibited
Congress of the United States
Mashington, DC 20515
September 11, 1997
Honorable William J. Clinton
President of the United States of America
The White House
1600 Pennsylvania Ave.
Washington, DC 20500
Dear Mr. President:
The continued availability of the compound methyl bromide is critically important
to the continued health and competitive sustainability of U.S. agriculture. However,
without Congressional or Executive action. methyl bromide will be phased out in the
United States by the year 2001, according to a final EPA rule. We are writing to urge you
to support actions to maintain the use of methyl bromide until effective substitutes are
found and other countries are subject to the same phase out schedule as the U.S.
Methyl bromide is one of the most widely used chemicals in the United States.
Farmers throughout the U.S. use methyl bromide before planting to control insects, fungi,
nematodes and weed seeds. Without timely methyl bromide soil flumigation, yields for
crops such as strawberries other food supplies will be sharply reduced.
Holding U.S. producers to a stricter standard also provides an unfair advantage to
other nations who will continue to use methyl bromide. Farmers rely on methyl bromide
for post-harvest fumigation prior to shipment to foreign markets. Many nations, including
the U.S. and Japan, require a number of fruit, grains, and vegetable products to be
fumigated with methyl bromide before entering their domestic markets. By restricting use
of this compound in the United States, our domestic producers will be forced out of the
international market in many crucial areas.
In addition to severely affecting crop production and international sales. we are
concerned that the phase out of methyl bromide will be made despite uncertainties
regarding the exact role it plays in ozone depletion. Serious questions remain about the
degree to which methyl bromide harms the earth's ozone layer, especially methyl bromide
manufactured for use in agriculture. Research indicates that most methyl bromide occurs
naturally and that a significant percentage used for agriculture never reaches the ozone
layer. Additional time is therefore needed to allow stratospheric scientists to study the
compound's ozone depletion potential.
We would therefore like to bring to your attention the need to take an action that
(1) allows the continued use of methyl bromide while accelerating research into feasible
alternatives and (2) ensures international consistency so U.S. producers can be protected
from exotic pests and can maintain competitiveness.
Thank you for your attention to this important issue.
Sincerely,
Wally Hayan
Fab Rag
Jugg Hadevord
Ron Backard
Jan Kim
Ken Cabiet
Bajilait
John DaMile
Juny Leus
Doral M.htost
Dob Sants
Juin Hibbons
Danny
Sayly Chamla Dahn Cannisham
Cir Code
Bill Thomas
Sorry better
Eth Gillsy
Rubers Panto
Jay Kim
Dealloce
Fallen Boyd J
Lily Once
Karaka
Edways
Clin Gt
Fel Bayc
THE WHITE HOUSE
washington
9/17/97
Date
JIM STEINBERG KATIE MCGINTY
GENE SPERLING JANET YELLEN
To:
DAN TARULLO
From:
The Staff Secretary
FYI. Ouch.
Todd
US urges early move
on greenhouse gases
By Leyla Boulton,
planned to agree their own
biggest contributor to the
Environment Correspondent
reductions in carbon dioxide
problem, accounting for 22
emissions at international
per cent of world carbon
The US yesterday issued a
negotiations in Kyoto,
dioxide emissions.
stern warning that develop-
Japan, this December,
Mr Wirth said it was
ing countries must this year
without
similar
particularly important for
join the industrialised world
commitments by developing
two kinds of countries in the
in agreeing to reduce green-
countries.
developed world to become
house gas emissions associ-
But Mr Wirth said the US
involved.
ated with climate change.
administration would now
Timothy Wirth, US
not be able to agree
Some, such as China,
undersecretary of state for
reduction targets set for 2010
which was set to overtake
global affairs, said yesterday
without some kind of
the US as the world's biggest
in London that it was in
parallel commitment by the
emitter of greenhouse gases
developing countries' own
biggest and richest
in 15 years, were too big a
interest to take action
developing nations.
contributor to the problem
earlier than they had
This was because the
not to be involved. Others,
previously planned.
Senate had recently voted to
such as Mexico and South
"If you get brutally
block any US commitment
Korea. new members of the
realistic about climate
that was not accompanied
Organisation for Economic
change, the countries that
by undertakings for cuts
Co-operation
and
are richer are for the most
"within the same compliance
Development, needed to
part less vulnerable to
period" by developing
assume the "responsibilities
climate change," he said.
countries. Senators fear that
which come with economic
otherwise the US would be
maturation".
"Many developing countries
are fast realising it is
put at an economic
Mr Wirth is on a tour of
in their own self-inter
disadvantage.
western European capitals to
est."
Carbon dioxide, generated
lobby against the European
The US stance marks a
by the consumption of fossil
Union's strongly-held view
public departure from the
fuels, is believed to be the
that industrialised countries
position previously agreed
most important greenhouse
have a duty to take the lead
by developed countries. The
gas associated with global
before demanding action
industrialised world had
warming. The US is the
from developing countries.
CONFLICT & VIOLENCE AMONG URBAN E
copied
COS
To Remiteer
original
to with
Fyr
Be
THE PRESIDENT HAS SEEN
9/17/97
Contents
Acknowledgments
ix
Introduction
1
one
The Neighborhoods
28
two
The Youth
50
three
Youth Attitudes
85
four
Racial Violence
129
five
Conclusion
154
Appendix A
Methodological Notes
165
Appendix B
New York Community Districts: The Bronx, Brooklyn, Manhattan
173
Notes
177
Bibliography
185
Index
193
vii
copied
cos
Originalsto
a: bbons
To Jock Gibbre
au you sun
an safe ?
BS
THE PRES IN SEVIEN
9/17/97
THE
WRONG
STUFF
THE SPACE
PROGRAM'S
NUCLEAR THREAT
TO OUR PLANET
KARL GROSSMAN
TABLE OF CONTENTS
1. "Canberra...We've Got a Problem"
1
2. "The Mother of All Accidents"
22
3. One-in-100,000 Becomes One-in-76
59
4. "Ultimate High Ground"
100
5. "Nukes Forever!"
134
6. Censored
162
7. Saving the Space Program From Itself
191
Notes
229
Index
261
Acknowledgements
271
About the Author
272
Peace
Fact Sheet
EDUCATION FU
FUNDOR
Nukes in Space: The Final Frontier?
NASA to Launch Nuclear-Powered Space Probe
that the Titan IV rocket won't crash either during takeoff or the
On October 6. 1997. NASA is planning a Isunch from
"flyhy."
the Cape Canaveral Air Force Station in Florida of a space probe
However, the Titan IV rocket is the same kind of rocket
with 72.3 pounds of deadly plutonium-238 aboard. The probe is
that on August 2. 1993 exploded over the Pacific Ocean. destroy-
called the "Cassini," and it will use the plutonium to power its elec-
ing its payload containing a $1 billion U.S. spy satellite system.
trical instruments during its voyage to explore the planet Saturn.
Indeed, three of the 24 known U.S. space missions involving
As Dr. Helen Caldicott. founder of Physicians for Social Responsi-
nuclear power have met with accidents, as well as six out of the
bility states. plutonium "is so toxic that less than one-millionth of a
39 Russian missions. Space missions are clearly not as safe as
gram. an invisible particle, is a carcinogenic dose. One pound, if
NASA would like the public to believe. John Pike. head of space
uniformly distributed. could hypothetically induce lung cancer in
policy at the Federation of American Scientists, estimates the odds
every person on Earth."
for failure of a Titan IV rocket are "between one in ten and one in
Yet NASA would load 72.3 pounds of plutonium - the
twenty."
that has ever been used on is space - on the Cassini
NASA also reported ren. odds for failure. one in
mission to explore Saturn.
100.000, before the 1986 Challenge: space shuttle mission. After
How could the plutonium be released and kill
the mission. of course. they drastically altered those odds to one in
people? There are (wo key periods of extreme danger:
76. Do we want to trust all of our lives to NASA's gamble?
1) The Cassini probe will be taken into space on
a Titan IV rocket. If this rocket explodes on the launch pad
Crash and Burn
or in the atmosphere - as the space shuttle Challenger did
in 1986 - then it is possible that the lethal plutonium could
NASA claims that even if the Titan IV rocket crashes or
spread across wide areas of Florida.
disintegrates in the atmosphere, the radioisotope thermal
2) If there is no mishap during the launch. the Cassini
generator (RTG) containers which hold the plutonium
probe will be sent into space once the Titan IV achieves orbit. Be-
will not explode, keeping the radioactive substance in a
cause Cassini's propulsion source doesn't have the power to send it
safe form.
straight to Saturn, NASA plans to send it to Venus first, and then.
However, NASA's own research brings that claim into
after two swings around Venus, have Cassini and its 72.3 pounds of
question. In a Final Safety Analysis Report, General Electric (mak-
plutonium hurtle right back toward Earth. The idea is to use the
ers of the RTG) conducted a test which "resulted in the complete
Earth's gravity to increase Cassini's velocity so that it can pass by
destruction of the RTG." Deciding that the conditions of the test
Jupiter and then go to Saturn. Cassini is to pass just 312 miles
could not be replicated in the real world, NASA chose to ignore the
above Earth in what NASA calls a "slingshot maneuver" or "flyby."
results in their safety evaluation.³
But too deep a descent could cause Cassini to disintegrate in the
Indeed, the release of plutonium during a nuclear space
Earth's 75-mile-high atmosphere. Then, according to City Univer-
crash has probably already occurred at least twice. On April
sity of New York nuclear physics professor Dr. Michio Kaku, the
21, 1964 NASA's SNAP-9A nuclear device fell to Earth, disinte-
plutonium - "the most toxic chemical known to science" - would
grated in the atmosphere, and its 2.1 pounds of plutonium were
"shower down with a tremendous tragedy for the people of the Earth
released into the air. Scientists later conducted samples around the
to result."
world and found "SNAP-9A debris to be present at all continents
and all latitudes."⁴ Dr. John Gofman. professor emeritus of medi-
NASA's Record of Failure
cal physics at the University of California at Berkeley and former
member of the Manhattan Project, attributes an increased rate of
NASA claims that the plutonium on board the Cassini
lung cancer around the world to the S.VAP-9A incident.
probe has almost no chance of contaminating the earth. They say
But this was not the only nuclear space crash in recent
1819 H Street, NW, Suite 660, Washington, DC 20006-3606, ph. (202) 862-9740, fax (202) 862-9762
history. In November 1996, a Russian Mars probe fell from space
U.S. Taxpayers Foot the Bill
somewhere over or near Chile (despite assurances that it had fallen
"harmlessly" in the Pacific Ocean). Chilean observers and scien-
Of course, the cost in terms of potential risk to human life
tists reported that they saw the probe burn up in the atmosphere,
is large enough. NASA should not even be considering a danger-
which means it would have likely released a half-pound of pluto-
ous nuclear launch if a viable alternative such as solar power is
nium into the air. With a history of such accidents, evidence of
available. Neverthcless, the public should be aware that the Cassini
failures, and the lack of public control over information, can
mission is projected to consume $3.4 billion in tax dollars.
we trust 72.3 pounds of plutonium in NASA's latest space probe?
The Militarization of Space
Risking a Human Tragedy
An additional cost to human society is that the Cassini
NASA reports that if the worst-case scenario occurs -
mission will help to develop technology and public support for the
the rocket disintegrates in the atmosphere and the plutonium is re-
nuclear militarization of space. The U.S. Space Command is al-
leased - "approximately five billion of the seven to eight billion
ready preparing itself for a future of U.S. military control in space.
people on Earth in 1999 could receive 99 percent or more of the
which would depend upon the ability to use nuclear reactors in space
radiation exposure.' NASA then estimates that in 50 years. roughly
as a power source for hypervelocity guns. particle beams. and laser
2.300 people would develop lung cancer and die from inhaling that
weapons on battle platforms. As Lt. Gen. James Abrahamson.
plutonium.
former head of the Strategic Defense Initiative Organization stated.
However. NASA's estimate of what it labels
"Failure to develop nuclear power in space could cripple efforts to
the "health effects" of an explosion may be grossly and
deploy anti-missile sensors and weapons in orbit." The prospect
tragically understated. Dr. Ernest Sternglass. professor
of nuclear-powered weapons stations in space is anathema to those
emeritus of radiological physics at the University of Pittsburgh.
who wish to preserve human life and create a peaceful society.
has determined that NASA used inappropriate methods to estimate
the number of deaths that would be caused. NASA based their
What You Can Do:
estimate on high-level radiation standards derived from the
Hiroshima and Nagasaki bombing. Bu: more recent evidence sug-
Many citizens and activists are fighting to stop the alliance of aero-
gests that low-level radiation, the kind to which people would be
nautical corporations. NASA. and the U.S. Department of Energy
exposed if Cassini disintegrated. presents a far greater danger.⁷
from developing nuclear power in space. Through protests, peti-
Sternglass warns that the actual death toll from plutonium expo-
tions. and other political activities, they are working to vent
sure may be as high as 30 to 40 million people.
Cassini from being launched. as well as any other space missions
Thirty to forty million people? Even if the odds of an
which would speed the militarization of space. A leading organiza-
accident are small. is this what NASA is willing to risk to further
tion in these efforts is the Global Network Against Weapons and
its space program?
Nuclear Power in Space. It can provide you with a list of actions
you can take to stop the Cassini probe and other dangerous space
NASA Ignores a Safe Alternative
missions. The Network also has copies of the award-winning video
"Nukes in Space" for $19.95. The Network can be contacted through
NASA claims that a nuclear-powered Cassini probe is the
Bruce Gagnon, director of the Florida Coalition for Peace and Jus-
only option available to reach Saturn.
tice, at P.O. Box 90035. Gainesville, Florida 32607. Phone: (352)
However, NASA's own Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL)
468-3295.
essentially refutes this claim. The plutonium on board the space
probe is only to be used as a power source to produce electricity for
instruments on the probe, not for propuision. In preparation for the
Endnotes
Galileo mission (a previous space probe containing the RTG-en-
1. Helen Caldicott. Nuclear Madness. New York: Norton Books.
cased plutonium), NASA also claimed that nuclear power was the
1994, p. 81.
only method available. Yet just a few weeks after the launch, JPL
2. Quoted in Chris Bryson. "Cassini NASA's Millennial Nuclear
was forced through the Freedom of Information Act to release is
Nightmare." Christian Science Monitor, Dec. 17. 1996.
report which stated that the mission could have been performed
3. Final Safety Analysis Report for the Galileo Mission. Prepared
with solar power "without changing the mission sequence or im-
by General Electric Astro Space for the U.S. Department of
Energy. Volume II, Book 2. Dec. 15, 1988. p. G-5.
pacting science objectives."* NASA lied before the Galileo launch
4. Karl Grossman, "Risking the World: Nuclear Proliferation in
about the need to use plutonium.
Space," Covert Action Quarterly. Summer 1996. p. 60.
In fact. solar power could be used on the Cassini mission
5. Ibid., p. 61
if NASA desired. In 1994, the European Space Agency (ESA) an-
6. Final Environmental Impact Statement for the Cassini Mission.
nounced the development of new high-performance solar cells. ESA
Solar System Exploration Division, Office of Space Science. NASA,
physicist Carla Signorini stated, "If given the money to do the work,
June 1995, pp. 4-76.
within five years [ESA] could have solar cells ready to,power a
i. Bryson, "Cassini".
space mission to Saturn."
8. rossman. "Risking the World." p. 62.
If the Cassini mission can be performed safely with soler
9. :d., p. 58.
10. thid., p. 59.
power, why is NASA taking such a large risk by using deadly pi
tonium?
Written by Daniel Chong. Edited by Karina Wood, March 1997. Special
thanks to Bruce Gagnon at the Florida Coalition for Peace and Justice.