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Matlock Chron July 1983 (1)
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135840500
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Matlock Chron July 1983 (1)
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Records of the National Security Council, Directorate of European and Soviet Affairs (Reagan Administration)
Jack F. Matlock, Jr.'s Chronological Files
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Ronald Reagan Presidential Library
Digital Library Collections
This is a PDF of a folder from our textual collections.
Collection: Matlock, Jack: Files
Folder Title: Matlock Chron July 1983 (1)
Box: 1
To see more digitized collections visit:
https://reaganlibrary.gov/archives/digital-library
To see all Ronald Reagan Presidential Library inventories visit:
https://reaganlibrary.gov/document-collection
Contact a reference archivist at: [email protected]
Citation Guidelines: https://reaganlibrary.gov/citing
National Archives Catalogue: https://catalog.archives.gov/
WITHDRAWAL SHEET
Ronald Reagan Library
Collection Name MATLOCK, JACK: FILES
Withdrawer
JET 3/21/2005
File Folder
MATLOCK CHRON JULY 1983 (1/a)
FOIA
F06-114/1
Box Number
1
YARHI-MILO
107
ID Doc Type
Document Description
No of Doc Date Restrictions
Pages
5833 MEMO
LTA WITH USSR [1]
1 7/8/1983 B1
R 11/27/2007 NLRRF06-114/1
5838 CABLE
081027Z JUL 83 [16]
1 7/8/1983 B1
R 11/27/2007 NLRRF06-114/1
5834 MEMO
MEMO FOR WILLIAM CLARK FROM
3 7/14/1983 B1
JACK MATLOCK RE CULTURAL
EXCHANGE NEGOTIATIONS WITH USSR
[38-40]
R 11/27/2007 NLRRF06-114/1
5836 MEMO
KIEV AND NEW YORK CONSULATES:
2
ND
B1
TERMS OF REFERENCE [41-42]
R 11/27/2007 NLRRF06-114/1
5839 MEMO
KIEV AND NEW YORK CONSULATES [44-
4
ND
B1
47]
R 11/27/2007 NLRRF06-114/1
5840 MEMO
DEPARTMENT OF STATE DIVISON OF
3 10/4/1976 B1
LANGUAGE SERVICES (TRANSLATION)
MEMO RE KIEV AND NEW YORK
CONSULATES [48-50]
R 11/27/2007 NLRRF06-114/1
Freedom of Information Act - [5 U.S.C. 552(b)]
B-1 National security classified information [(b)(1) of the FOIA]
B-2 Release would disclose internal personnel rules and practices of an agency [(b)(2) of the FOIA]
B-3 Release would violate a Federal statute [(b)(3) of the FOIA]
B-4 Release would disclose trade secrets or confidential or financial information [(b)(4) of the FOIA]
B-6 Release would constitute a clearly unwarranted invasion of personal privacy [(b)(6) of the FOIA]
B-7 Release would disclose information compiled for law enforcement purposes [(b)(7) of the FOIA]
B-8 Release would disclose information concerning the regulation of financial institutions [(b)(8) of the FOIA]
B-9 Release would disclose geological or geophysical information concerning wells [(b)(9) of the FOIA]
C. Closed in accordance with restrictions contained in donor's deed of gift.
WITHDRAWAL SHEET
Ronald Reagan Library
Collection Name MATLOCK, JACK: FILES
Withdrawer
JET
3/21/2005
File Folder
MATLOCK CHRON JULY 1983
FOIA
F06-114/1
Box Number
1
YARHI-MILO
107
ID Doc Type
Document Description
No of Doc Date Restrictions
Pages
5841 MEMO
DEPARTMENT OF STATE DIVISON OF
2 11/9/1976 B1
LANGUAGE SERVICES (TRANSLATION)
MEMO RE KIEV AND NEW YORK
CONSULATES [51-52]
R
11/27/2007 NLRRF06-114/1
5842 MEMO
SAME TEXT WRITTEN IN RUSSIAN
2 11/9/1976 B1
LANGUAGE AS DOC#5841 [53-54]
R 11/27/2007 NLRRF06-114/1
5843 MEMO
DEPARTMENT OF STATE DIVISON OF
2 11/19/1976 B1
LANGUAGE SERVICES (TRANSLATION)
MEMO RE KIEV AND NEW YORK
CONSULATES [55-56]
R 11/27/2007 NLRRF06-114/1
Freedom of Information Act [5 U.S.C. 552(b)]
B-1 National security classified information [(b)(1) of the FOIA]
B-2 Release would disclose internal personnel rules and practices of an agency [(b)(2) of the FOIA]
B-3 Release would violate a Federal statute [(b)(3) of the FOIA]
B-4 Release would disclose trade secrets or confidential or financial information [(b)(4) of the FOIA]
B-6 Release would constitute a clearly unwarranted invasion of personal privacy [(b)(6) of the FOIA]
B-7 Release would disclose information compiled for law enforcement purposes [(b)(7) of the FOIA]
B-8 Release would disclose information concerning the regulation of financial institutions [(b)(8) of the FOIA]
B-9 Release would disclose geological or geophysical information concerning wells [(b)(9) of the FOIA]
C. Closed in accordance with restrictions contained in donor's deed of gift.
MEMORANDUM
NATIONAL SECURITY COUNCIL
July 8, 1983
CONFIDENTIAL
TO:
DOUG MCMINN
FROM:
SUBJECT: LTA with Soviet fam Union
JACK MATLOCK
8304439
In regard to Lighthizer's report of the second round with the
Soviets, it seems to me that the Soviets are playing a bit of
hard ball on the assumption that domestic pressures will force
us to agree to another LTA on their terms. I hope we can
stand firm, even in the face of a good Soviet crop this year
(which, of course, would strengthen their hand). I would
consider another one-year renewal preferable to locking us
into the 6-8 million range over the next five years. Agricul-
ture may not agree, but it seems to me that we have a good
chance to get a significantly higher commitment if we hold
out, and that if we cannot, we lose nothing by extending the
agreement for another year.
DECLASSIFIED
CONFIDENTIAL
NLRR Rob-114/1 2833
Declassify on: OADR
BY CH NARA DATE 11/27/07
2
MEMORANDUM
NATIONAL SECURITY COUNCIL
July 8, 1983
MEMORANDUM FOR ROBERT C. MCFARLANE
FROM:
JACK F. MATLOCK
from
SUBJECT:
Notes on Proposed Presidential Letter
(re Abshire)
In my view, these are all very important tasks, and the
Ambassador to NATO is in the best position to play a key role
in them. To avoid the appearance of giving the Ambassador to
NATO a supervisory role over some of his colleagues, however,
a few of the points might need to be reworded slightly. For
example:
1. Membership in START delegation should be done only with
Ambassador Rowny's approval. In addition, there is a further
consideration which should be weighed: members of the delega-
tion are limited in what they can say publicly on the nego-
tiations because of the rule of confidentiality. While being
a formal member of the delegation might facilitate Abshire's
ability to brief the allies confidentially, it also might
impinge on his freedom to speak publicly on START issues, and
we should be sure that the trade-off is justified.
Finally, the question may arise as to why he should be a
member of the START delegation, but not a member of the INF
and MBFR delegations. To put him on all three would overload
the circuit (his, at least!), but we should be sure of the
rationale for singling out START.
2. In point 5, add at beginning, "In cooperation with our
Ambassadors to the EC and the OECD Since they have the
primary responsibility for the economic issues, their role in
this effort should be acknowledged.
3. Similarly, in point 6, add "In cooperation with the
Ambassador to the IAEA
4. Finally, since Abshire will be reporting directly to
State, it might be well to consult Larry Eagleburger on the
text before it goes to the President for signature.
CC: Don Fortier
7/6/83
Donior Jack moblock
3
NOTES ON PROPOSED PRESIDENTIAL LETTER
(from conversations between Bud McFarlane and Dave
Abshire, subsequently discussed with Judge Clark)
your ville 011
Bud
Roles for U.S. Ambassador to NATO in addition to regular designated duties
(7/7/83)
as Permanent Representative to the North Atlantic Council:
1. Serve as member (delegate-at-large) of START delegation -- thus
affording a link between NAC and START. This role demonstrates President
Reagan's commitment to the consultative process between the United States
and NAC in strategic and arms control matters.
2. Serve as special advisor from Europe on evolving NATO country
attitudes and on better communication of U.S. policies, programs and
aspirations in Europe. Have a coordinating role with other U.S. Ambassadors
in Europe in developing such an overall analysis.
3. Undertake special efforts to accelerate developments toward
armaments cooperation, thereby enhancing military effectiveness and providing
more common defense per investment.
4. In follow up to the Williamsburg Summit's statement about the
indivisibility of global security, seek ways to improve Alliance understanding
of the relationship between area issues and NATO.
5. Seek ways to better relate military and economic problems, whether
burdensharing, east-west trade, technology transfer, etc. Work to move NATO
toward the original intention of the Treaty in bettering economic collaboration.
(Article 2)
6. Undertake special efforts with NATO countries on the necessity for
full compliance with safeguards in accord with the Non-Proliferation Treaty.
7. Maintain close Congressional consultations on NATO matters and
encourage Parliamentary interaction toward building broad political support --
bipartisan and bigenerational -- for the alliances of democracy.
NATIONAL SECURITY COUNCIL
WASHINGTON, D.C. 20506
July 11, 1983
Dear Ms. Finder:
Thank you for your letter of June 9 concerning your interest in
a position on the National Security Council staff.
Unfortunately, there are no openings at present, but I
appreciate your interest.
Should you be interested in the Foreign Service as a career, you
can receive information about the examination process from the
Board of Examiners for the Foreign Service, Department of State,
Washington, D.C. 20520.
With best wishes,
Sincerely,
Jack F. Matlock
Ms. Susan A. Finder
51 Patroon Place
Loudonville, New York 12211
5
51 Patroon Place
Loudonville, NY 12211
June 9, 1983
Ambassador Jack F. Matlock
American Embassy Prague
APO New York 09757
Dear Ambassador Matlock:
I would like to be considered for a position on your staff at
the National Security Council. I am a 1976 graduate of Yale College,
where I majored in Russian Studies. At Harvard Law School, from which
I graduated in 1979, I studied Soviet law with Professor Harold Berman.
Most recently, I spent a year in Moscow as an IREX scholar at the Institute
of State and Law, USSR Academy of Sciences. I have some familiarity
with Chinese affairs as well, having studied Chinese at Yale and Chinese
law at Harvard Law School.
Enclosed is a copy of my resume. I would be pleased to go to
Washington to meet with you, at your convenience. Thank you for your
consideration.
Yours sincerely,
Susan A.Finater
Susan A. Finder
SUSAN A. FINDER
51 Patroon Place
Loudonville, New York 12211
(518) 434-6914
Education:
1976-79
Harvard Law School, Cambridge, Mass., J.D.
Harvard International Law Journal, Projects Editor.
Women's Law Association, Coordinating Council member.
1972-76
Yale College, New Haven, Conn., B.A.
Cum laude, with departmental honors in Russian
Studies. Additional concentration in Chinese Studies.
Legal experience:
1981-82
Research exchange scholar, Moscow, USSR.
Researched Soviet environmental law under the
auspices of the scholarly exchange between the
Soviet Union and the United States. Was affiliated
with the USSR Academy of Sciences, Institute of
State and Law.
1930-81
Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, D.C.
Attorney-advisor. Legal research and writing on
questions of administrative and environmental law.
1979
Greater Boston Elderly Legal Services, Boston, Mass.
Intern. General representation of clients, including
the argument of a Supplemental Security Income
appeal before an administrative law judge.
1978
Department of the Treasury, Office of the Assistant
General Counsel for International Affairs, Washington,
D.C. Law clerk. Legal research on questions of
administrative and international law.
1977
Kirkwood, Kaplan, Russin and Vecchi, Washington, D.C.
Law clerk. General legal research and writing.
Admitted to the District of Columbia Bar, 1979.
Publication:
Legal Regulation of Agricultural Private Enterprise
in the People's Republic of China and the Soviet
Union, 6 Review of Socialist Law 343-72 (1980).
Languages:
Mandarin Chinese and Russian.
Personal:
Born: February 2, 1955.
References:
Available upon request.
4725
MEMORANDUM
NATIONAL SECURITY COUNCIL
ACTION
July 11, 1983
MEMORANDUM FOR WILLIAM P. CLARK
FROM:
JACK F. MATLOCK
from
SUBJECT:
Invitations to Participate in Ditchley Conference
and to Speak at Council on Foreign Relations in
New York
I have received an invitation to participate in a conference in
England in October sponsored by the Ditchley Foundations (letter
and terms of references at Tab A). The conference will deal
with "The Assertion of National Identity in Eastern Europe,"
will be chaired by Fitzroy MacLean, and will involve 25-30
persons from the U.S., U.K., and continental Europe.
Accommodation at the conference is provided, but participants
must pay their international travel.
While I am not at all eager to add to my already heavy travel
schedule, it seems to me that the prestige of the conference and
the subject dealt with (clearly relevant to our democratization
efforts and to my recent experience) would make my participation
desirable. It is scheduled for a long weekend (October 21-23),
which would minimize time away from the office. Round-trip
travel to London would have to be provided, however.
I have also received an invitation to speak off the record on
U.S. -Soviet relations to the Council on Foreign Relations in New
York sometime this fall (Tab B). Inasmuch as an appearance
before the Council could be used to improve understanding of our
current policies, yet not run the risk of misleading press
coverage, I think it might be useful to accept in principle,
with the precise date to be determined later. Obviously, any
remarks I would make would be cleared in appropriate fashion
beforehand.
RECOMMENDATION
That I acccept the invitation to attend the Ditchley conference
and that travel be authorized.
Approve
Disapprove
That I accept in principle the invitation to speak at CFR this
fall.
Approve
Disapprove
Honorary Directors
THE
George S Franklin, Jr.
John Brademas
Peter S. Paine, Jr.
Henry J. Heinz. II, KBE
Mrs. Anne Cox Chambers
Elliot Richardson
AMERICAN
Louis B Warren CBE
Sir Patrick Dean, GCMG
Dr. Donna E. Shalala
Officers and Directors
DITCHLEY
Robert G. Engel
Stephen Stamas
Cyrus R. Vance
Douglas Fairbanks, Jr.
Mrs. Ronald Tree
Chairman
FOUNDATION
Richard N. Gardner
Sir H.D.H. Wills, CBE, TD. DL
Kingman Brewster
Mrs. Rita E. Hauser
Vice Chairman
Sir Reginald Hibbert, GCMG
Hoyt Ammidon, CBE
Paul Guth
President
Lord Hunt of Tanworth, GCB
Secretary
Philip M. Kaiser
477 Madison Avenue, New York, N.Y. 10022
Keith Highet
Charles W. Muller
Phone (212) 752-6515
Vice President
William F. May
Administrative Director
Telex 236554 Cable Address: MURDENCO
J.G Clarke
Dr. Elizabeth J. McCormack
Carol S. Arnold
Treasurer
Donald F. McHenry
Assistant Secretary
June 30, 1983
The Hon. Jack F. Matlock, Jr.
National Security Council
The White House
1600 Pennsylvania Avenue, N.W.
Washington, D.C. 20500
Dear Mr. Ambassador:
The Ditchley Foundations will hold a conference on "Assertion of
National Identity in Eastern Europe: Variants of the Path to
Socialism: Where Do They Lead?" October 21-23, 1983 at Ditchley
Park, England, and I am writing to ask if you would be available
to attend.
The conference chairman will be Sir Fitzroy Hew MacLean, whose
diplomatic and military career centered on the Soviet Union and
Eastern Europe. The Terms of Reference are enclosed.
In the event that you are not familiar with the Ditchley Foundations,
I enclose a descriptive brochure. The meetings are participated
in by 25 to 30 distinguished individuals from government, business,
labor, and the professions principally from the United Kingdom,
the United States, and continental Europe. They take place over
a long weekend, beginning late Friday afternoon and ending Sunday
afternoon.
If you wish to participate, please let me know and I will advise
Sir Reginald Hibbert, Director of British Ditchley. I would appre-
ciate your mailing me a brief biography to be used with the list
of participants.
We look forward to having you at Ditchley Park.
Sincerely,
NIC pick 7/8 pays expenses "upet antore
Cham Muller
Charles W. Muller
1
THE DITCHLEY FOUNDATIONS
CONFERENCE ON
THE ASSERTION OF NATIONAL IDENTITY IN EASTERN EUROPE:
VARIANTS OF THE PATH TO 'SOCIALISM'
WHERE DO THEY LEAD?
21-23 October, 1983
DRAFT TERMS OF REFERENCE
1.
To analyse the longer term significance of modifications
to the Soviet Party and Government model in the Eastern European
countries; the extent to which the Soviet Union is ready to
acquiesce in divergence in economic and social organisation,
in matters of foreign policy and defence, and in ideological and
cultural matters; and the efficiency or otherwise of the various
means of influence which are open to the Soviet Union.
2.
To consider the challenge from within the communist
movement in Eastern Europe to the authority of the Soviet Communist
Party and Government, starting with Yugoslavia and continuing
through Albania, GDR, Hungary, Czechoslovakia, Romania and Poland;
the factors determining success, partial success or failure in the
various instances; the relative merits of gradualism (Hungary),
and long term brinkmanship (Romania); the close association of
Bulgaria; the pitfalls of over rapid change (Czechoslovakia and
Poland); the unique nature of the Yugoslav and Albanian experiences;
the special and perhaps crucial case of the German Democratic
Republic. Current signs of tension between Eastern European
countries.
3.
To assess the extent to which the Brezhnev doctrine remains
valid and the circumstances in which the Soviet Union can apply it
or be frustrated in its desire to do so; and whether the existence
of the Warsaw Pact and COMECON makes it easier or more difficult for
the Soviet Union to discipline the Eastern European countries.
- 2 -
10
4.
To assess whether there is a link between internal evolution
in the Eastern countries and the level of East/West tension; and
the effect and importance in Eastern Europe of the Helsinki Final Act.
5.
To examine the Yugoslav experience in evolving a socialist
system suited to Yugoslav conditions which, while preserving
indefinitely the authority and primacy of the Communist Party,
makes them more acceptable to the people. The difficulty of
doing this elsewhere.
6.
Do non-Soviet variants lead away from 'socialism' towards
some more plural social and political structure? Which, if any,
of the national models pursued in Eastern Europe has staying power?
How capable is the Soviet Union of turning back unwelcome change
in Eastern Europe?
26.5.83.
THE DITCHLEY FOUNDATIONS
CONFERENCE ON
THE ASSERTION OF NATIONAL IDENTITY IN EASTERN EUROPE:
VARIANTS OF THE PATH TO 'SOCIALISM':
WHERE TO THEY LEAD?
21-23 October, 1983
OUTLINE PROGRAMME AND AGENDA
Friday, October 21
4.00 p.m.
Assemble. (Recommended train leaves London
(Paddington) at 2.15 p.m., arrives Oxford Station
at 3.15 p.m. and will be met.)
4.30-6.00 p.m.
Session I.
Short five-minute presentations on the differences
achieved by each of the Eastern European states in
modifying Soviet practice and evading or defying
Soviet control: GDR, Poland, Czechoslovakia, Hungary,
Romania, Bulgaria, Yugoslavia, Albania.
Comments, criticism and elaborations of these
presentations.
6.15-7.30 p.m.
Session II.
The view from Moscow: the control instruments
available to the Soviet Union and their relative
effectiveness; the presence in some countries of
Soviet forces; inter-Party consultation; ideology
and culture; the Warsaw Pact; the bilateral treaty
structure; COMECON; Soviet trade practices; Soviet
energy and raw material resources; the Soviet market
for manufactured products. Do the leaderships of the
Eastern European countries have an interest in greater
independence from Moscow? What instruments do they
have for enlarging their freedom of manoeuvre? How
- 2 -
12
far if at all can they harness popular feeling to this
end? The role of economic difficulties and burdens
as corrosive agents on the Soviet system in Eastern
Europe. The hiatus between economic and political
change: can it be overcome?
7.30 p.m.
Formation of Groups.
Saturday, October 22
9.30-11.00 a.m.
Group Discussions with the following terms
11.15 am-12.45 pm
of reference:
4.30-6.00 p.m.
Group A
The economic factors at work in Eastern Europe. The
extent of the benefits and burdens accruing to the
Soviet Union from its economic stake in Eastern Europe,
particularly now that the terms of trade for Eastern
European countries have been reversed. What is the
likely evolution of the economic and social structures
in Eastern Europe and in what timescale? What are
the external forces which will affect this evolution?
Group B
The role of 'national' interest in Eastern Europe.
The lessons of the Yugoslav, Romanian, Polish,
Hungarian and (Albanian) experiences. The significance
of the current apparent lack of movement in Bulgaria,
Czechoslovakia and the GDR. How far are personal
elements decisive in 'national' communist leadership?
Can successors hold and consolidate what has been
gained? The nature of the Party as a. conservative
instrument of power. Can it be an instrument of
evolution (as in Czechoslovakia in 1968)?
,
13
Group C
The ideological, security and military factors,
What now provides a sense of direction in Eastern
Europe? Ambiguities resulting from resistance to
Soviet authority on the one hand and acceptance of
membership of the Soviet Bloc on the other. The
Party and security apparatuses and the armed forces
(officer corps) of the Eastern European states as
instruments for and against the Soviet Union. The
extent to which change in Eastern Europe depends
ultimately on change in the Soviet Union.
Before dinner
Group Chairmen and Rapporteurs prepare speaking notes
for oral presentation of reports to the conference.
Sunday, October 23
9.30-10.30 a.m.
Session III
Presentation and discussion of Group A's report.
10.35-11.35 a.m.
Session IV
Presentation and discussion of Group B's report.
11.50 am-12.50 pm
Session
V
Presentation and discussion of Group C's report.
2.30-4.00 p.m.
Session VI
Final debate.
Departure Train - Sunday
Transport will leave Ditchley for Oxford Station at:
4.35 p.m.
to catch the 5.30 p:m. train to London (Paddington)
due at 6.38 p.m.
Note 1: Arrangements can be made for members catching a Monday morning
flight to stay at an hotel near the Airport.
Note 2: Dinner Jackets are worn optionally on Saturday evening; those
who can conveniently bring them do so, but dark suits are
perfectly in order.
26.5.83.
M
22.36
5:25
121196 AMEM C
239852 CFR UR
TO: THE HONORABLE JACK F. MATLOCK
AMBASSADOR OF THE U.S. TO CZECHOSLOVAKIA
U.S. EMBASSY
PRAGUE
ON BEHALF OF THE COUNCIL ON FOREIGN RELATIONS, I WOULD LIKE TO
CONGRATULATE YOU ON YOUR NEW APPOINTMENT AND INVITE YOU TO
SPEAK AT A MEETING IN YOUR HONOR HERE AT THE COUNCIL IN NEW
YORK.
AS YOU MAY KNOW, THE COUNCIL IS A PRIVATE, NON-PARTISAN
ORGANIZATION DEVOTED TO THE DISCUSSION OF FOREIGN POLICY ISSUES
AT THE HIGHEST LEVELS. MEMBERS ARE LEADERS IN GOVERNMENT,
BUSINESS, MEDIA AND ACADEMIA WHO WOULD APPRECIATE THE
OPPORTUNITY TO HEAR YOUR VIEWS ON U.S.-SOVIET RELATIONS.
THE SPECIFIC TOPIC WOULD, OF COURSE, BE UP TO YOU. YOUR
REMARKS MAY BE INFORMAL AND 15-20 MINUTES IN LENGTH, LEAVING
AMPLE TIME FOR QUESTIONS AND DISCUSSION. ALL PROCEEDINGS
ARE, BY COUNCIL TRADITION, OFF-THE-RECORD,
SHOULD YOU ACCEPT OUR INVITATION IN PRINCIPLE, I AM CERTAIN
WE CAN ARRANGE A MUTUALLY CONVENIENT DATE. AS WE ARE
CURRENTLY PLANNING OUR FALL SCHEDULE, I LOOK FORWARD TO
HEARING FROM YOU SOONEST, AND TO THE PLEASURE OF WELCOMING
YOU TO THE COUNCIL IN THE FUTURE.
SINCERELY,
MARGARET OSMER-MCQUADE
DIRECTOR OF. PROGRAMS
COUNCIL ON FOREIGN RELATIONS
TELEX: 239852 CFR UR
ILL
:CT
+
121196 AMEM C
ABOVE VIA RCA FROM 239852 CFR URM
is
NATIONAL SECURITY COUNCIL
11 Jul 83
Requested by Matlock
CONFIDENTIAL
16
NATIONAL SECURITY COUNCIL
MESSAGE CENTER
PAGE 01
PRAGUE 3124
DTG: 081027Z JUL 83 PSN: 041565
EOB720
AN007992
TOR: 192/1448Z
CSN:HCE396
WAS "ORGNICALLY LINKED" TO THE WORLD PEACE ASSEMBLY"
WHICH NATO GOVERNMENTS CONSIDERED BIASED AND ONE-SIDED.
DISTRIBUTION: STER-01 MYER-01 DOBR-01 LENC-01 MAT-01
/005 A3
4. PERHAPS THE MOST INTERESTING AND INSTRUCTIVE COMMENT
GLEANED FROM RECENT NATO CONVERSATIONS WITH GOC OFFICIALS
ON THIS MATTER HAS COME FROM MFA CHIEF OF PROTOCOL
WHTS ASSIGNED DISTRIBUTION:
TUCEK, WHO APPROACHED THE SPANISH AMBASSADOR TO TELL
SIT:
HIM THAT THE PRESIDENT'S OFFICE HAD REQUESTED A LIST OF
EOB:
ALL AMBASSADORS WHO HAD NOT EEN PRESENT AT THE JUNE 26
RECEPTION. TUCEK FURTHER INDICATED TO THE SPANISH
(PLEASE PROTECT) THAT IN HIS RESPONSE HE HAD NOT REPEAT
NOT INCLUDED EITHER THE SPANISH AMBASSADOR, OR THE GREEK
ROUTINE
AMBASSADOR, THEREBY LEAVING THE IMPRESSION THAT THEY DID
VSK583 510 STU0448
ATTEND WHEN IN FACT THEY DID NOT. HAVING CONFIRMED THE
DE RUDKRP #3124 1891225
FACT THAT HE (AND OTHERS HERE) COMMONLY REPORT WHAT THEY
R 081027Z JUL 83
FEEL THEIR BOSSES WANT TO HEAR, RATHER THAN REALITY, TUCEK
FM AMEMBASSY PRAGUE
TURNED AND DEPARTED WITHOUT GIVING THE SPANISH AMBASSADOR
A CHANCE TO RESPOND. CONNEL
TO SECSTATE WASHDC 1377
BT
INFO AMEMBASSY BELGRADE 4152
AMEMBASSY BERLIN 2045
AMEMBASSY BUCHAREST 4611
AMEMBASSY BUDAPEST 4928
AMEMBASSY MOSCOW 4999
AMEMBASSY SOFIA 4170
AMEMBASSY WARSAW 5031
AMEMBASSY MADRID 295
AMEMBASSY ATHENS 289
USMISSION USNATO 2156
CONFIDENTIAL PRAGUE 3124
E.O. 12356: DECL: OADR
TAGS: PREL, PROP, CZ
SUBJ: WORLD PEACE ASSEMBLY: PROTOCOL MATTERS
1. (C) ENTIRE TEXT.
2. IN ADDITION TO GOC IRE OVER WESTERN REPORTING (OR NON-
REPORTING) OF THE JUNE 21-26 WORLD ASSEMBLY FOR PEACE AND
LIFE, AGAINST NUCLEAR WAR, AN ADDITIONAL RAW NERVE APPEARS
TO HAVE BEEN STRUCK BY THE UNANIMOUS REFUSAL OF NATO
AMBASSADORS HERE TO ATTEND PRESIDENT HUSAK'S JUNE 26
CLOSING RECEPTION. ALTHOUGH THERE WAS SOME INITIAL
EQUIVOCATION ON THE PART OF SOME OF THE LOCAL NATO
AMBASSADORS,
UNANIMITY WAS FINALLY ACHIEVED AND A TOTAL
BOYCOTT DID OCCUR. IT DID NOT GO UNNOTICED AND MFA
PROTOCOL AND OTHER OFFICIALS HAVE BEEN APPROACHING VARIOUS
NATO AMBASSADORS ASKING HOW AND WHY THEY COULD REFUSE A
PRESIDENTIAL INVITATION.
2. THE MOST INTENSE GRILLING WAS APPARENTLY GIVEN TO
THE NORWEGIAN AMBASSADOR, JUST PRIOR TO THE PRESIDENTIAL
RECEPTION, BY DEPUTY FOREIGN MINISTERS JOHANES AND NAROZNY
WHO EXPRESSED SHOCK AT SUCH AN "INSULT" WHICH THEY
CONSIDERED A "GRAVE MATTER, THE CONSEQUENCES OF WHICH WOULD
HAVE TO BE EVALUATED." ACCORDING TO OTHER REPORTS, SOME
MFA PROTOCOL OFFICIALS WERE HINTING DARKLY THAT NATO
AMBASSADORS WOULD NO LONGER BE INCLUDED IN SUCH ANNUAL
DECLASSIFIED
MFA EXCURSIONS AS VISITS TO COOPERATIVES, HUNTS OR
FISHING TRIPS. OFFICIALS ARE APPARENTLY ALSO CONVINCED
THAT THIS WAS A "LOCAL DECISION" INFLUENCED, TO QUOTE ONE
NLRR Fob 714/1 H5838
OFFICIAL, "BY A MAN WHO IS NO LONGER HERE," I.E. AMBASSADOR
MATLOCK. IN ALL CASES THAT WE KNOW OF THE RESPONSE TO
BY C NARADATE 11/27/07
THIS LINE OF QUESTIONING AND ASSERTION WAS THAT THE
DECISION NOT TO ATTEND WAS NOT A LOCAL DECISION, BUT A
NATIONAL ONE, AND THAT IT WAS BASED UPON THE CLEAR
INDICATION IN THE INVITATION THAT THE RECEPTION
CONFIDENTIAL
4711
MEMORANDUM
NATIONAL SECURITY COUNCIL
July 13, 1983
ACTION
MEMORANDUM FOR WILLIAM P. CLARK
FROM:
JACK F. MATLOCK
gm
SUBJECT:
Appointment Request for Solzhenitsyn
Walter Annenberg has written the President to call his atten-
tion to an article in the Wall Street Journal on Alexander
Solzhenitsyn. He suggests that there may come a time when it
would be advantageous to invite Solzhenitsyn to lunch at the
White House. The article is an interesting one and worth
reading. As for inviting Solzhenitsyn, I feel that this is an
option we should keep open for the future, but that now is not
an appropriate time for the following reasons:
Solzhenitsyn represents only one strain of anti-Soviet
emigre thinking, which is at considerable variance with
that of Sakharov, for example. A meeting at the White
House would not be universally welcomed by anti-Soviet
emigres and even could be seen as a gratuitous slap at
Sakharov following his courageous and very helpful
article in Foreign Affairs.
Solzhenitsyn refused an invitation last year to attend on
May 11 both a lunch and a subsequent private meeting with
the President at the White House. While he would
probably accept an invitation to meet with the President
alone, the fact remains that he has passed up a previous
opportunity for a meeting.
A meeting at this time would be interpreted by some
segments of U.S. and allied public opinion as running
counter to our desire for negotiations with the Soviet
Union.
At Tab I is a memorandum from you to Fred Ryan recommending
against inviting Solzhenitsyn to lunch at the White House at
this time but pointing out that this is an option that we
should keep open for the future.
Twe
Paula Dobriansky, Peter Sommer, and Ty Cobb concur. John
Lenczowski believes that a lunch with Solzhenitsyn should be
arranged now and will be forwarding his comments to you
separately.
RECOMMENDATION
OK
NO
That you send the memo at Tab I to Fred
Ryan.
Attachment:
4711
MEMORANDUM
THE WHITE HOUSE
WASHINGTON
MEMORANDUM FOR FREDERICK J. RYAN, JR.
FROM:
WILLIAM P. CLARK
SUBJECT:
Lunch with Alexander Solzhenitsyn
With regard to Walter Annenberg's suggestion that Alexander
Solzhenitsyn be invited to lunch at the White House, I feel
that this is an option we should keep open for the future, but
that now is not an appropriate time for the following reasons:
--
Solzhenitsyn represents only one strain of anti-Soviet
emigre thinking, which is at considerable variance with
that of Sakharov, for example. A meeting at the White
House would not be universally welcomed by anti-Soviet
emigres and even could be seen as a gratuitous slap at
Sakharov, following his courageous and very helpful
article in Foreign Affairs.
--
Solzhenitsyn refused an invitation last year to attend on
May 11 both a lunch and a subsequent private meeting with
the President at the White House. While he would
probably accept an invitation to meet with the President
alone, the fact remains that he has passed up a previous
opportunity for a meeting.
--
A meeting at this time would be interpreted by some
segments of U.S. and allied public opinion as running
counter to our desire for negotiations with the Soviet
Union.
THE WHITE HOUSE
washington
RCM HAS SEEN
July 13, 1983
RCM:
Attached is Matlock's response
to your note.
Matlock called to indicate
that there is now some urgency
on this given developments on
the Hill.
He needs to speak with you
ASAP (hopefully before a
scheduled event at 11:30 on
the Hill)
11:20 Am
you (mathak)
Wilma
Pu Rcm
should 8. Keal see
as
right
away. will
NATIONAL SECURITY COUNCIL
7-11-83
Please mm by Clehman.
BK
Bob, Jack Matlock and is I very
that if is agree sup- be
the basis officer
parted it should only on
agree nice
with In all sun Keel it is in
to have category
christ.
C
4708 Add-On
21
MEMORANDUM
NATIONAL SECURITY COUNCIL
ACTION
July 11, 1983
MEMORANDUM FOR ROBERT C. MCFARLANE
FROM:
JACK F. MATLOCK four
SUBJECT:
HR 601, the Soviet-East European Research and
Training Act of 1983
REF:
Mr. Keel's memorandum of July 1, 1983
My views, in brief, are the following:
-- Personnel and infrastructure for training and research in
the Soviet and East European area have suffered serious erosion
over the past few years and we face a crisis in maintaining an
adequate private sector capacity.
-- It is clearly in the national interest to preserve for the
future a strong training and research program, not merely to
insure an adequate flow of trained specialists for government
service, but also to insure wider public knowledge of our
principal adversary and thus bolster our public diplomacy
efforts.
:
Private funding, while improving slightly of late, is
inadequate to do the job alone.
-- The proposed legislation might benefit from
fine-tuning--and indeed there may be alternate approaches to
achieve the same end--but unless the Executive Branch can agree
promptly on a better approach and present a viable alternative
to the Congress, it seems preferable to support the
Congressional proposal.
-- To insure a sustained, well-planned effort, a "trust fund"
approach has many advantages. It might well start at a lower
figure, however (e.g., $20-25 Million).
-- Since this is an effort in the broad national interest,
budget offsets should not be sought from a single department,
but from a combination of those whose interests are served by it
(State, Defense, USIA, CIA and--not least--Education and the
National Endowment for the Humanities).
--
OMB should be encouraged to take the lead in putting
together a "package" of offsets to bring this funding within the
budget ceiling, with the Department of Education sharing the
burden with the foreign affairs agencies.
A more detailed exposition of my thoughts on the subject is
attached.
2
RECOMMENDATION
That I discuss informally along these lines with OMB.
Approve ofcm
Disapprove
That I discuss informally with Hamilton (the Congressional
sponsor) to obtain his view regarding possible offsets and
variants (e.g., lower funding initially).
Approve
Disapprove
subject
do
23
RESEARCH AND TRAINING ON
THE SOVIET UNION AND EASTERN EUROPE
(HR 601)
The Problem: Following the launching of sputnik in 1956 and the
National Defense Education Act which followed it, area and
language studies, including notably those related to the USSR
and Eastern Europe, were greatly expanded and with very
substantial results. By the early seventies we had developed a
strong base and the academic community produced many research
studies of direct usefulness to the government (for example,
techniques for analyzing Soviet national income, psychological
profiles of Soviet citizens--based on emigre interviews,
analyses of Soviet decision-making processes, and many case
studies of Soviet activities in the "Third World").
During the seventies, however, this base suffered serious
erosion. The following factors were relevant:
-- The "post-Vietnam" syndrome, including a turning inward by
many young people. Enrollments in Russian language, for
example, dropped to less than half of the peak reached in the
60's.
-- End of the NDEA coincided with the phasing out of much
Foundation funding, itself increasingly directed to domestic
concerns.
-- The combination of low enrollments and financial stringency
caused many universities to cut back on support for Soviet and
East European area studies. The recent termination of
Georgetown's PhD program in Soviet studies is but the latest in
a series of such actions.
While the productivity of scholars already trained and in place
masks these trends, inroads in our training capacity have
reached proportions which are truly alarming for the national
interest in the future. It takes many years to develop research
centers and to train specialists; if something is not done now
to stem the erosion, we shall be sorely lacking in needed
expertise in the 1990's. And if we wait until then, it will
take another ten years or so to build it up again.
The Federal Government Interest
One of the reasons it has been difficult to focus the attention
of the bureaucracy on this growing problem is that the question
is usually posed in narrow terms. Specificially, agencies have
been asked if they can still recruit a sufficient number of
specialists to meet their personnel needs. The answer is
normally yes, and many then assume that cries of alarm are
unfounded. But this is not the key question, because government
agencies hire very few young specialists, and if we ever reach
the point that we cannot find those limited numbers, then this
will only confirm that relevant training facilities have already
collapsed.
There is another reason for not basing our judgment entirely on
the potential pool of recruits for government service. In our
democracy we can only sustain an effective foreign policy if
familiarity with our adversaries is widely spread among the
population, particularly among influential citizens. Nothing
contributes more to a basic understanding of what is at stake in
defending our values and our way of life, and of the need for
firmness, than a close study of the Soviet Union. While
relatively few Americans will ever specialize in Soviet studies,
the existence of area study centers at universities throughout
the U.S. facilitates a healthy input of facts and realism into
the stream of public opinion formation.
Finally, the research efforts of scholars are of frequent and
direct utility to policy makers. Not being burdened by the need
to make day-to-day operational decisions, scholars can often
take a longer and more detached view of developments and bring
important insights to bear that might otherwise be clouded by a
preoccupation with short-term problems. And the existence of
competent, well-informed private researchers provides some
insurance against "group thinking" inside a bureaucracy.
Remember the "Team B" intelligence analysis--something which
would not have been possible if all the expertise were
concentrated within the government.
Is Federal Funding the Answer?
I wish it weren't, but practically speaking I see no other
source of funding which will be adequate to the task. Not that
private money is totally absent--the universities still commit
considerable resources, the Harriman gift will strengthen things
at Columbia, and government research funds help keep the think
tanks afloat--but this is not sufficient to maintain a strong
overall base. And whereas other area studies can benefit from
corporate donations and even support from governments of the
countries in question (Arab money for chairs in ME studies, for
example), neither is feasible for Soviet studies.
The Congressional Proposal: HR 601: This is the first concrete
proposal, to my knowledge, which addresses the overall problem
which we face. I am not in a position to pass judgment on its
details--it clearly represents only one way to go, and there may
well be others--but I am convinced that something like it is
necessary, and necessary very soon. Unless the Executive Branch
can gear up to produce very quickly an alternate- and I doubt
that we can--I think that we should go with the bird in hand.
If we detect any glaring deficiences, we should of course try to
get them corrected, but my initial impression is that it is a
workable approach, although it might be desirable to spell out
more specifically how the "trust fund" will work and provide
more specifics as to how it would be managed.
While OMB is dubious about the multi-year funding aspects of the
"trust fund" approach, I believe that this is justified in this
instance, since we need to address a long-term problem, and
erratic levels of annual funding would simply be a waste of
money. The field needs predictable and steady--even if
modest--support if the funds are to be used effectively.
That said, I am not certain that a $50 million fund is necessary
from the very beginning. It will take some time to plan
expenditures and to obligate the funds wisely. One might
consider as an alternative, an initial allocation of $20-25
million, with the possibility of adding a like amount after a
year or two, if the initial experience justifies it. A staged
approach would also reduce the offset problem, facilitate course
corrections in light of experience, and meet some of the
concerns for future oversight.
As for the offsets required to stay within budget ceilings, I
think it is clear that these should not be the burden of a
single agency of the government. The need and potential
benefits are quite general and each individual agency can argue
logically that it has higher priorities. They will also resist
reducing their own budgets to provide money for someone else.
From their parochial points of view, they are doubtless right.
Yet I believe this effort represents a fairly high national
priority, and our task is to find a way to accommodate this to
responsible fiscal planning.
Lehmonks
your
views
EXECUTIVE OFFICE OF THE PRESIDENT
C
CALHO
OFFICE OF MANAGEMENT AND BUDGET
Bud
STATES
WASHINGTON, D.C. 20503
26
July 1, 1983
BIJD
MEMORANDUM FOR: Robert C. McFarlane
Deputy Assistant to the President
for National Security Affairs
FROM:
Alton G. Keel Jr.
Al
Associate Director for National Security and
International Affairs
SUBJECT:
H.R. 601, the Soviet-Eastern European
Research and Training Act of 1983
I am writing to seek your views and assistance in formulating
a coherent Executive Branch position on H.R. 601, which would
authorize a $50 million endowment to support U.S. education
and research on Soviet and Eastern European Affairs. On
April 29, we returned to the State Department their proposed
draft of a letter to the Congress supporting the bill. At
that time we indicated OMB concerns about H.R. 601 and
requested further information and justification. As yet we
have received no reply and, in spite of a staff level meeting
on May 25, no progress has been made in developing an
Executive Branch position. Congressional consideration of
the bill is proceding without Executive Branch views.
Our concerns about the bill are threefold:
1. No adequate justification of the need for this new
Federal activity has been provided by the Department.
There has been no specification of the deficiencies in
numbers or types of people or kinds of research that
may exist. To the contrary there is some evidence that
State has considerably more qualified applicants than
it needs in the area of Eastern European studies.
Moreover, it appears that private sector fund raising
activities may finance any needed enhancements of
university programs related to Eastern Europe.
2. To fund the bill as drafted would require $50 million
in budget authority beyond what has been requested by
the President. As you know, the Administration has
serious problems with the excessive funding levels
contained in a number of the 1984 appropriation bills,
21
2
already reported or passed in the Congress. We have
asked State to identify budget offsets that would make
this additional request acceptable, but the Department
has failed to respond.
3. The administrative provisions of the bill are not
appropriate. No Federal agency is made responsible for
the program and, therefore, adequate Federal financial
oversight is lacking. Furthermore, a trust fund is not
the appropriate funding mechanism, because no "trust"
relationship would exist under the bill. Annual
appropriations subject to Presidential review and
congressional enactment are more appropriate.
On the basis of the above concerns, we are inclined to oppose
the bill as it is presently drafted. However, we are aware
that Judge Clark and some NSC staff members are particularly
interested in it. We would appreciate your views on how the
bill might be improved. Perhaps an annually appropriated
research grant program under State's INR bureau would
accomplish the same ends with significantly smaller first
year costs.
BUD-
FRANCISH This Looks LIKE A "nice-To-mame",
but low prioring ITEM IN STATE. Private
FUNDING effact IS presened Approven and Apparently
is 04-901N4 IT's TOUGH TO JUSTIFY Given other
Foeu. Assistance ITEMS which Are 401914 UNCONDED
teso, new much do we we name TO SWALLOW
IN Congressionate INITIATIONS -- doesn't seen to be
buying us much maybe we should lean to say "no"-
Appreciate your views
28
I
98TH CONGRESS
1ST SESSION
H.R.601
To help ensure the Nation's independent factual knowledge of the Soviet Union
and Eastern European countries, to help maintain the national capability for
advanced research and training on which that knowledge depends, and to
provide partial financial support for national programs to serve both
purposes.
IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES
JANUARY 6, 1983
Mr. HAMILTON (for himself and Mr. SIMON) introduced the following bill; which
was referred jointly to the Committees on Foreign Affairs and Education and
Labor
A
BILL
To help ensure the Nation's independent factual knowledge of
the Soviet Union and Eastern European countries, to help
maintain the national capability for advanced research and
training on which that knowledge depends, and to provide
partial financial support for national programs to serve both
purposes.
1
Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representa-
2 tives of the United States of America in Congress assembled,
3
SHORT TITLE
4
SECTION 1. This Act may be cited as the "Soviet-East-
5 ern European Research and Training Act of 1983".
2
1
FINDINGS AND DECLARATIONS
2
SEC. 2. The Congress finds and declares that—
3
(1) factual knowledge, independently verified,
4
about the Soviet Union and Eastern European coun-
5
tries is of the utmost importance for the national secu-
6
rity of the United States, for the furtherance of our na-
7
tional interests in the conduct of foreign relations, and
8
for the prudent management of our domestic affairs;
9
(2) the development and maintenance of knowl-
10
edge about the Soviet Union and Eastern European
11
countries depends upon the national capability for ad-
12
vanced research by highly trained and experienced spe-
13
cialists, available for service in and out of Government;
14
(3) certain essential functions are necessary to
15
ensure the existence of that knowledge and the capa-
16
bility to sustain it, including-
17
(A) graduate training;
18
(B) advanced research;
19
(C) public dissemination of research data,
20
methods, and findings;
21
(D) contact and collaboration among Govern-
22
ment and private specialists and the facilitation of
23
research based on the extensive data holdings of
24
the United States Government; and
HR 601 IH
3
1
(E) firsthand experience of the Soviet Union
2
and Eastern European countries by American
3
specialists including onsite conduct of advanced
4
training and research to the extent practicable;
5
(4) three existing institutions already organized to
6
conduct the functions described in this section on a na-
7
tional scale are the National Council for Soviet and
8
East European Research, the Woodrow Wilson Inter-
9
national Center for Scholars, and the International Re-
10
search and Exchanges Board of the American Council
11
of Learned Societies; and
12
(5) it is in the national interest for the United
13
States Government to provide a stable source of finan-
14
cial support for the functions described in this section
15
and to supplement the financial support for those func-
16
tions which is currently being furnished by Federal,
17
local, State, regional, and private agencies, organiza-
18
tions, and individuals, and thereby to stabilize the con-
19
duct of these functions on a national scale, consistently,
20
and on a long range basis.
21
DEFINITIONS
22
SEC. 3. As used in this Act-
23
(1) the term "Board" means the International Re-
24
search and Exchanges Board organized in 1968 by the
31
4
1
American Council of Learned Societies and the Social
2
Science Research Council;
3
(2) the term "Center" means the Woodrow
4
Wilson International Center for Scholars of the Smith-
5
sonian Institution;
6
(3) the term "Fund" means the Soviet-Eastern
7
European Research and Training Fund established by
8
section 4;
9
(4) the term "institution of higher education" has
10
the same meaning given such term in section 1201(a)
11
of the Higher Education Act of 1965;
12
(5) the term "National Council" means the Na-
13
tional Council for Soviet and East European Research,
14
a not-for-profit corporation organized under the laws of
15
the District of Columbia in 1978; and
16
(6) the term "Secretary" means the Secretary of
17
the Treasury.
18
ESTABLISHMENT OF THE SOVIET-EASTERN EUROPEAN
19
RESEARCH AND TRAINING FUND
20
SEC. 4. There is established in the Treasury of the
21 United States a trust fund to be known as the Soviet-Eastern
22 European Research and Training Fund. The Fund shall con-
23 sist of-
24
(1) amounts appropriated to it under section 5;
25
and
3V
5
1
(2) interest and proceeds credited to it under sec-
2
tion (8)(c).
3
AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS FOR THE FUND
4
SEC. 5. Effective October 1, 1983, there are authorized
5 to be appropriated to the Fund, without fiscal year limitation,
6 $50,000,000.
7
USES OF PAYMENTS FROM THE FUND
8
SEC. 6. (a) The interest on any obligations held in the
9 Fund shall be available for payments to the National Council,
10 upon approval of an application in accordance with section 7,
11 for use in accordance with subsection (b).
12
(b)(1) One part of the payments made in each fiscal year
13 shall be used by the National Council-
14
(A) in consultation with officials of the United
15
States Government designated by the Secretary of
16
State, to develop and keep current a research agenda
17
of fundamental research dealing with major policy
18
issues and questions of Soviet and Eastern European
19
development; and
20
(B) to conduct a national research program at the
21
postdoctoral or equivalent level in accordance with that
22
agenda, such program to include-
23
(i) the dissemination of information about the
24
research program and the solicitation of proposals
25
for research contracts from American institutions
33
6
1
of higher education and not-for-profit corporations,
2
which contracts shall contain shared-cost provi-
3
sions; and
4
(ii) the awarding of contracts for such re-
5
search projects as the Board of Trustees of the
6
National Council determines will best serve to
7
carry out the purposes of this Act after reviewing
8
the proposals submitted under clause (i).
9
(2) One part of the payments made in each fiscal year
10 shall be used by the National Council-
11
(A) to establish and carry out a program of gradu-
12
ate, postdoctoral, and teaching fellowships for ad-
13
vanced training in Soviet and Eastern European stud-
14
ies and related studies, such program-
15
(i) to be coordinated with the research pro-
16
gram described in paragraph (1);
17
(ii) to be conducted, on a shared-cost basis,
18
at American institutions of higher education; and
19
(iii) to include-
20
(I) the dissemination of information on
21
the fellowship program and the solicitation of
22
applications for fellowships from qualified in-
23
stitutions of higher education and qualified
24
individuals; and
7
1
(II) the awarding of such fellowships as
2
the Board of Trustees of the National Coun-
3
cil determines will best serve to carry out
4
the purposes of this Act after reviewing ap-
5
plications submitted under subclause (I); and
6
(B) to disseminate research, data, and findings on
7
Soviet and Eastern European studies and related fields
8
in such a manner and to such extent as the Board of
9
Trustees of the National Council determines will best
10
serve to carry out the purposes of this Act.
11
(3) One part of the payments made in each fiscal year to
12 the National Council shall be used for payments to the
13 Center-
14
(A) to provide fellowship support and research
15
facilities in the District of Columbia for American spe-
16
cialists in the fields of Soviet and Eastern European
17
studies and related studies to conduct advanced re-
18
search with particular emphasis upon the use of data
19
on the Soviet Union and Eastern European countries;
20
and
21
(B) to conduct seminars, conferences, and other
22
similar workshops designed to facilitate research col-
23
laboration between Government and private specialists
24
in the fields of Soviet and East European studies and
25
related studies.
8
1
(4) One part of the payments made in each fiscal year to
2 the National Council shall be used for payments to the Board
3 to conduct specialized programs in advanced training and re-
4 search on a reciprocal basis in the Union of Soviet Socialist
5 Republics and the countries of Eastern Europe designed to
6 facilitate access for American specialists to research insti-
7 tutes, personnel, archives, documentation, and other research
8 and training resources located in the Union of Soviet Social-
9 ist Republics and Eastern European countries.
10
APPLICATIONS; PAYMENTS TO THE NATIONAL COUNCIL
11
SEC. 7. (a) The National Council shall prepare and
12 submit an application to the Secretary once each fiscal year.
13 Each such application shall-
14
(1) provide a description of the purposes for which
15
the payments will be used in accordance with section
16
6; and
17
(2) provide such fiscal control and such accounting
18
procedures as may be necessary (A) to insure a proper
19
accounting of Federal funds paid to the National Coun-
20
cil under this Act, and (B) to insure the verification of
21
the costs of the continuing education and research pro-
22
grams conducted by the National Council under this
23
Act.
24
(b) The Secretary shall expeditiously approve any appli-
25 cation that meets the requirements of this section.
9
1
(c)(1) Payments to the National Council under this Act
2 shall be made as soon after approval of the application as
3 practicable.
4
(2) Payments to the National Council under this Act
5 may be made in installments, in advance, or by way of reim-
6 bursement, with necessary adjustments on account of over-
7 payments and underpayments.
8
MANAGEMENT OF THE FUND
9
SEC. 8. (a) It shall be the duty of the Secretary to invest
10 such portion of the Fund as is not, in his judgment, required
11 to meet current withdrawals. Such investments may be made
12 only in interest-bearing obligations of the United States or in
13 obligations guaranteed as to both principal and interest by
14 the United States. For such purpose, such obligations may be
15 acquired on original issue at the issue price or by purchase of
16 outstanding obligations at the market price. The purposes for
17 which obligations of the United States may be issued under
18 the Second Liberty Bond Act are extended to authorize the
19 issuance at par of special obligations exclusively to the Fund.
20 Such special obligations shall bear interest at a rate equal to
21 the average rate of interest, computed as to the end of the
22 calendar month next preceding the date of such issue, borne
23 by all marketable interest-bearing obligations of the United
24 States then forming a part of the public debt; except that
25 where such average rate is not a multiple of one-eighth of 1
10
1 per centum, the rate of interest of such special obligations
2 shall be the multiple of one-eighth of 1 per centum next
3 lower than such average rate. Such special obligations shall
4 be issued only if the Secretary determines that the purchase
5 of other interest-bearing obligations of the United States, or
6 of obligations guaranteed as to both principal and interest by
7 the United States on original issue or at the market price, is
8 not in the public interest.
9
(b) Any obligation acquired by the Fund (except special
10 obligations issued exclusively to the Fund) may be sold by the
11 Secretary at the market price, and such special obligations
12 may be redeemed at par plus accrued interest.
13
(c) The interest on, and the proceeds from the sale or
14 redemption of, any obligations held in the Fund shall be cred-
15 ited to and form a part of the Fund.
16
REPORT
17
SEC. 9. The National Council shall prepare and submit
18 to the President and the Congress at the end of each fiscal
19 year in which the National Council receives assistance under
20 this Act a report of the activities of the National Council, and
21 the activities of the Board and the Center, supported by as-
22 sistance under this Act, together with such recommendations
23 as the National Council deems advisable.
HR 601 IH
90867
38
C
MEMORANDUM
NATIONAL SECURITY COUNCIL
SECRET
July 14, 1983
INFORMATION
MEMORANDUM FOR WILLIAM P. CLARK
FROM:
JACK F. MATLOCK Jam
SUBJECT:
Terms of Reference for Negotiations with USSR
on Cultural Exchange Agreement and Consulates
Attached are the terms of reference submitted by State for
planning negotiations with the Soviets on the cultural ex-
changes agreement and consulates. Restricted interagency
meetings are planned to develop a detailed negotiating strate-
gy and coordinated strategy papers are promised on July 27.
As for negotiating modalities, State suggests that the ex-
change agreement be negotiated in Moscow by Ambassador
Hartman, supported by his PAO and a team from Washington. The
opening of consulates would be negotiated in normal diplomatic
channels.
We do not yet have an official reply from the Soviets on our
proposal for negotiations, but State anticipates that they
will accept our proposal and Soviet Embassy officials have
indicated that they may have an official reply on July 15.
The terms of reference, while general, appear to be sound
pending elaboration of detailed negotiating positions. The
latter, of course, should be reviewed carefully when they are
submitted. As for the timing, it seems to me that July 27 is
adequate, given the fact that it will take several weeks to
arrange for negotiations after we have the official reply from
the Soviets. The date proposed should not be allowed to slip,
however, so that we will have adequate time to review the
negotiating plans.
Paula Dobriansky and John Lenczowski concur.
Attachment:
Tab I
Terms of Reference
DECLASSIFIED
SECRET
NLRR Fob-114/, #5834
Declassify on: OADR
BY as NARADATE 11/27/07
39
SECRET
US-USSR Cultural Exchanges Agreement: Terms of Reference
BASIC POLICY CONSIDERATIONS
- - The President has approved offering the Soviets
negotiation of a cultural exchanges agreement. Secretary
Shultz conveyed this to Ambassador Dobrynin June 18.
- - NSDD-75 provides the policy basis for seeking an agreement
"to promote
the process of change in the Soviet Union
toward a more pluralistic political and economic system
and
"
to reach agreements which protect and
enhance U.S. interests and are consistent with the
principle of strict reciprocity and mutual interest." =
- - In the absence of an agreement the Soviets are able to
do things in the cultural, informational, and ideological
areas for which we cannot enforce reciprocity.
An agreement would enhance our ability to require
reciprocity and add to our means of ideologically
penetrating Soviet society.
SUBSTANCE OF U.S. POSITION
- - A restricted interagency group (State, NSC, USIA, CIA
and FBI) has been formed under State chairmanship to
develop negotiating strategy. USIA has undertaken to
provide, by July 20, the first draft of a strategy paper,
which we will want to review together at the next meeting
of this group.
SECRET
40
SECRET
-2-
- - The paper will address both long-term issues and problems
expected to arise in the negotiations. It will also
append an illustrative draft agreement.
NEGOTIATING MODALITIES
-
- At this time we plan to conduct the negotiations in
Moscow. Ambassador Hartman would head our negotiating
team, assisted by the PAO with the interagency group
providing back-up.
NEXT STEPS
-
- State will forward to the NSC an interagency-cleared
strategy paper not later than July 27.
SECRET
41
SECRET
Kiev and New York Consulates: Terms of Reference
Basic Policy Considerations
-- The President has approved in principle the desirability of
establishing new Consulates in Kiev and New York, and
Secretrary Shultz informed Ambassador Dobrynin of this on June
18.
-- NSDD 75 provides the policy framework for this move, noting in
particular that the USG should seek "to reach agreements which
protect and enhance U.S. interests and are consistent with the
principle of strict reciprocity and mutual interest." Also
relevant is the original Consulates Agreement (Aide-Memoire of
July 3, 1974) and the subsequent exchange of notes between the
US and USSR of September 1976 (attached).
-- At the time of the suspension in January 1980, we were
approximately six months away from completion of the work on
the Consulate office building and officially opening our
Consulate in Kiev. The absence of a Consulate has deprived us
of an important source of intelligence collection and of
continuing contacts with important nationality and religious
groups in the area. Establishing the Consulate will mark a
major new U.S. penetration into this geographically key area
which contains the second largest Soviet nationality group.
DECLASSIFIED
NLRR Fob 75836
SECRET On NARA DATE 11/27/07
SECRET
42
Substance of U.S. Position
-- An interagency group, chaired by State and including NSC, CIA,
FBI, USIA and NSA, has been formed to develop our negotiating
strategy. State has undertaken to produce by July 20 the first
draft of a strategy paper, incorporating the positions of other
interested parties, which will form the basis of our
negotiations with the Soviets.
-- The paper will include both long-term issues requiring
resolution and the following immediate problems associated with
sending an Advance Team to Kiev:
Personnel - number and source of positions required.
Timing - target date and time needed for training and other
preparation;
Funding - estimation of costs, acquisition of funds, and
congressional involvement;
Technical considerations - housing and office space,
logistical support, security factors, and coordination of
interagency requirments.
Negotiating Modalities
-- State Department will handle the negotiations through
diplomatic channels backstopped by the interagency group.
Next Steps
-State will forward to the NSC an interagency-cleared strategy
Establishment of New Consulates
Taking into consideration the intensive develop-
ment of ties between the US and the USSR and the
importance of further expanding consular relations
on the basis of the US-USSR Consular Convention,
and desiring to promote trade. tourism and coopera-
tion between them in various areas, both Sides
agreed to open additional Consulates General in two
or three cities of each country.
As a first step they agreed in principle to the si-
multaneous establishment of a United States Con-
sulate General in Kiev and a USSR Consulate Gen-
eral in New York. Negotiations for implementation
of this agreement will take place at an early date.
Both Sides highly appreciate the frank and con-
structive atmosphere and fruitful results of the talks
held between them in the course of the present meet-
ing. They are convinced that the results represent a
new and important milestone along the road of im-
proving relations between the USA and the USSR
to the benefit of the peoples of both countries, and a
significant contribution to their efforts aimed at
strengthening world peace and security.
Having again noted in this connection the excep-
tional importance and great practical usefulness of
US-Soviet summit meetings, both Sides reaffirmed
their agreement to hold such meetings regularly and
when considered necessary for the discussion and so-
lution of urgent questions. Both Sides also expressed
their readiness to continue their active and close
contacts and consultations.
The President extended an invitation to General
Secretary of the Central Committee of the CPSU,
L. I. Brezhnev, to pay an official visit to the United
States in 1975. This invitation was accepted with
pleasure.
July 3, 1974
For the United States For the Union of Soviet
of America;
Socialist Republics:
RICHARD NIXON
L. BREZHNEV
President of the United
General Secretary of the
States of America
Central Committee
of the CPSU
Schper
44.
The Department of State refers to the aide memoire
of the USSR Ministry of Foreign Affairs of September 2, 1976
and the Embassy's note No. 38 of May 21, 1976 and wishes
to communicate the following regarding the establishment
of a Consulate General of the United States in Kiev and
a Consulata General of the USSR in New York.
The Department is ready to receive a Soviet Advance
Party in New York as of September 24, and agrees that
the members of this group will be considered as "appointed
consular officers and employees" temporarily assigned
to the Embassy of the USSR in Washington but carrying
out their functions in New York in connection with the
preparation for the official opening of the Soviet Consulate
General in that city. The Department also agreos that
these appointed consular officers, in their capacity
of Embassy employees may also be concerned with matters
related to the security of Soviet establishments and
personnel in New York not connected with the United Nations
and may maintain working contacts on these mattera with
the appropriate U.S. authorities. As is the usual
procedure, upon the opening of the Soviet Consulate
General in Now York, these officers or employees will be
recognized as permanent members of the Soviet Consulate
General and will receive privileges and immunities in
accordance with the US-USSR Consular Convention.
DECLASSIFIED /RE/CASED
NLRR F06-114/ #5839
BY as NARADATE 11/27/07
45
The Department is prepared to agree to the establish-
ment of a Soviet advance group consisting of not more
than ten (10) diplomatic and service and technical personnel.
When reconfiguration of the office buildings in Kiev
and New York is ready to be initiated simultaneously,
the Department will consider an increase in the size
of the Soviet Advance Party. The Department requests
that the Soviet Embassy inform it of the names of the
individuals who will constitute the Soviet advance group.
The Department recalls the principles set forth
in the Garrison to Vorontsov letters of June 18, 1975
and Vorontsov to Garrison reply of June 26, 1975, re-
iterated in the Garrison to Vorontsov letter of
June 4, 1976 which must continue to govern the use of
the Soviet buildings in New York pending the establishment
of consulates. These principles which should continue
to govern the Embassy and the advance group which goes
to New York are:
1. Reconfiguration of the respective office buildings
at Streletskaya and 9 East 91st Street, including remodel-
ling or repair, will start simultaneously on a date
to be mutually agreed.
2. Specific changes at the premises in New York
for the sole purpose of ensuring their physical security
to be made in advance of the beginning of reconfiguration
work on the building will be considered by the Department
upon the written request of the Embassy.
3. Office buildings at Streletskaya and 9 East
91st Street will not be used for any purpose prior to
46
the beginning of reconfiguration except by mutual agreement.
4. The Department agrees that three members of
the Soviet Advance Party together with their families
may reside in the building at 9 East 91st Street.
5. The Department agrees that up to three members
of the Soviet advance party together with their families
may reside in the building at 11 East 91st Street.
The Department plans to send an advance party of
future consular officers and employees to Kiev on or
about September 24 to carry out their functions in prepara-
tion for the official opening of the United States Consulate
in that city. These designated consular officers and
employees will be temporarily assigned to the United
States Embassy in Moscow. The size of the American
group will initially be four and when the reconfiguration
of the office buildings is ready to be initiated in
Kiev and New York, the Department will consult with
the Soviet side as to any increase in the U.S. Advance
Party. The Embassy of the United States in Moscow will
inform the Soviet Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the
names of the four individuals who will constitute the
American Advance Party in Kiev. As is the usual procedure,
upon the opening of the United States Consulate General
in Kiev, these officers or employees will be recognized
as permanent members of the United States Consulate
General and will receive privileges and immunities in
accordance with US-USSR Consular Convention.
The Department wishes to inform the Embassy that the
point of contact for the Soviet Advance Party for routine
mattors involving its stay in New York and on questions of
travel beyond the 25-mile zone will be the U.S. Mission
to the United Nations. The Department understands that
the Ministry of Foreign Mffairs of the Thrainian SSR will
be the point of contact for the U.S. Advance Party in
Kiev for routine matters involving its stay and for Ie-
lated travel questions.
The Department is prepared to proceed in formally
establishing advance parties in Nev York and Xiev based
on the response by the Soviet Embassy.
Department of State,
Washington, September 24, 1976,
Drafted:EUR/SOV:MDGrimes:vpb
x28670, 9/21/76
Cleared:EUR/EX:JClark
L:hfshamwell
IO:LHage
A/FBO:PStange
'S/CPR:HDavis
S/S-S:MEDham
48
DEPARTMENT OF STATE
DIVISION OF LANGUAGE SERVICES
(TRANSLATION)
LSNO.
58852
PA/DZ
Russian
No. 60
The Embassy of the U.S.S.R. confirms receipt of the note of the
Department of State of the U.S.A. of September 24, 1976 on questions
related to the establishment of Consulates-General of the U.S.S.R. and
the U.S.A. in New York and Kiev, and taking into account the discussion
of these questions during talks held between the Deputy Minister of the
U.S.S.R., G. M. Korniyenko, and Assistant Secretary of State of the U.S.A.,
Mr. Arthur A. Martman, on October 1 of this year, has the following to
transmit.
The Embassy takes into consideration the willingness of the Depart-
ment of State to officially establish, beginning on September 24, 1976,
advance groups composed of designated consular officials and steff members
temporarily assigned to the Soviet and U.S. Embassies in Washington and
Moscow. which shall cerry out their functions in New York and Kiev, respec-
tively, in connection with the preparations for the official opening of
the Consulates-General in both cities.
>
This is to inform the Department of State that as of taday ,0 the fol-
lowing personnel of the Embassy shall be among the members of the Soviet
advance group.
Department of State
of the United States of America,
Washington. D.C.
DECLASSIFIED /RE/DASC)
NLRR RO6-114/, #5840
BY Cu NARA DATE 11/27/07
-2-
Counsellor A. C. Mushkov, as the designated Consul-General of the
U.S.S.R. in New York, who has been charged with heading the advance group;
First Secretary V. A. Kuleshov and Second Secretary I. A. Kuznetsov, as
designated Consuls; Second Secretary V. V. Grishaev, as the designated
Vice-Consul, staff member of the Embassy V. V. Grachev, as a designated
consular official; and staff members of the Embassy, V. I. Konovalov,
V. M. Kuznetsov, A. N. Matusevich, and Ye. A. Sulin, as staff members
of the Consulate-General being established.
The names of the other members of the advance group shall be add1-
tionally transmitted to the Department of State.
The intention of the Department of State to transmit to the Ministry
of Foreign Affairs of the U.S.S.R., through the Embassy of the U.S.A. in
Moscow, the list of the U.S. advance group in Kiev, is taken into considera-
tion.
The Embassy notes that the Department of State agrees that prior to the
official opening of both Consulates-General, the Soviet advance group, in
addition to carrying out the functions connected with preparations for the
opening of the Consulate-General of the U.S.S.R., will deal with questions
related to the safety of Soviet institutions and Soviet citizens in New
York (including Soviet citizens who are personnel of the U.N. Secretariat),
excepting personnel of the Permanent Mission of the U.S.S.R. to the U.N.,
and will be able to be in contact with appropriate U.S. authorities re-
garding these questions, as well as handle protocol matters with regard
to Soviet delegations arriving in New York which are not connected with
the U.N.
so
-3-
The Embassy takes into consideration the fact that on questions of
their daily stay in New York, as well as trips beyond the 25-mile zone,
the Soviet advance group will be able to refer to the Mission of the U.S.A.
to the U.N.
Washington, October 4, 1976
11/9/74 51
DEPARTMENT OF STATE
DIVISION OF LANGUAGE SERVICES
(TRANSLATION)
LS NO. 59235
PA/DZ
Russian
[Seal of the U.S.S.R.]
Embassy of the Union of
Soviet Socialist Republics
No. 70
The Embassy of the U.S.S.R., as an addition to its note No. 60 of
October 4 of this year, communicates to the Department of State of the U.S.A.
that from this day on, the members of the Embassy listed below are included
in the advance group of the Consulate General of the U.S.S.R. being established
in New YOrk, and AS appointed authorized personnel shall perform functions in
New York related to the preparations for the official opening of the Consulate
General and shall deal with questions, an understanding about which has been
established through an exchange of notes between the Embassy and the Depart-
ment of State of October 4 and September 24 of this year, respectively:
Matsenov, V. C. - as First Secretary of the Embassy and designated
Consul:
Moskvin, L. A. -- as Second Secretary of the Embassy and designated
Vice-Consul.
The surnames of the remaining members of the advance group shall be
given additionally.
At the same time, the Embassy informs the Department of State that
the Second Secretary of the Embassy, V. v. Grishayev, named in Hote No. 60
Department of State
of the United States of America,
Washington, D.C.
DECLASSIFIED /RE/CASES
[Initialled: Yu. v.]
NLRR Fob-114/1 #5841
BY
CN NARA DATE 11/27/07
52
-2-
of October 4 of this year as a member of the Soviet advance group in New
York, has returned to Washington from New York to work at the Embassy.
Washington, November 9, 1976
53
DEPARTMENT OF STATE
HARTMENT OF STATE
1976 NOV 9 PM 4 24
1976 NOV 9 PM 4 54
FADRO
DOCUMENT ANALYSIS
OFFICE OF
PAID UNION AFFAIRS
SOV
N° 70
Посольство CCCP B дополнение K своей
HoTe N° 60 oT 4 октября c.Γ. сообщает Государ-
cTBeHHoMy Департаменту США, что нижепоимено-
ванные сотрудники Посольства c ceΓo дня вклю-
чаются B cocTaB советской передовой группы
учреждаемого Генерального консульства CCCP B
Пью-Йорке и B качестве назначенных консульских
должностных лиц будут выполнять B Нью-Йорке
Функции B связи c подготовкой K официальному
открытию Генерального консульства и заниматься
вопросами, договоренность 0 которых зафикси-
poBaHa путем обмена нотами Посольства и Γocy-
дарственного Департамента cooTBeTcTBeHHo oT
4 октября и 24 сентября c.Γ.:
Маценов B.Γ. - B качестве первого ceKpe-
таря Посольства и пазначенного консула;
Москвин Л.А. - B качестве BTopoΓo ceKpe-
таря Посольства и назначенного вице-консула.
Фамилии остальных членов передовой груп-
пы будут названы дополнительно.
B ГОСУДАРСТВЕННЫЙ ДЕНАРТАМЕНТ
СОЕДИНЕНШЫХ ШТАТОВ АМЕРИКИ
г.Вашингтон
DECLASSIFIED /RE/EASED
NLRR 606-114/, #5842
BY CH NARA DATE 11/27/07
2.
Одновременно Посольство информирует Γo-
сударственный Департамент 0 ToM, что второй
секретарь Посольства Гришаев B.B., названный
B HoTe No GO oT 4 октября c.Γ. B качестве
члена советской передовой группы B Пью-Йорке,
вернулся из Нью-Йорка B Вашингтон для работы
B Посольстве.
Γ. Вашингтон, 9 ноября 1976 года
DECLASSIFIED
Subject 10mg
NLRR 806-114/15843
BY CN NARA DATE 11/27/07
The Department of State acknowledges receipt of
Note No. 70 dated November 19, 1976, from the Embassy
of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics, informing
the Department of the appointment of V. C. Matsenov and
L. A. Moskvin as members of the Embassy advance party
in New York and of the fact that V. V. Grishayev, formerly
a member of the advance group, has returned to Washington
to work at the Embassy.
By the Department's count, the addition of these
two employees brings the total number of Soviet advance
party members in New York to ten. In order to avoid mis-
understandings, the Department calls the attention of
the Embassy to the discussion of October 1, 1976, between
Assistant Secretary of State Hartman and Deputy Foreign
Minister Korniyenko in which Mr. Hartman informed Mr.
Korniyenko that the Department would authorize ten Embassy
employees to live and work in New York as members of the
Soviet advance party. Mr. Hartman told Mr. Korniyenko at
that time that the Department would consider an increase
in the size of the Soviet advance party in New York once
reconfiguration of the two official buildings begins
simultaneously in Kiev and New York. As the Embassy is
aware, this reconfiguration has not yet begun.
56
-2-
The Department also notes that extension of the
visas for temporary Embassy employees Bayev and Makarov
until February 15, 1977, has been requested by the
Embassy. In a meeting on September 24 between Minister
Counselor Vorontsov and Mr. Garrison of the Office of
Soviet Union Affairs, Mr. Garrison agreed that Mr.
Bayev and Mr. Makarov could remain in the United States
for two more months. Nevertheless, the Department is
prepared to extend the visas of Mr. Bayev and Mr. Makarov
until January 15, 1977, at which time it will consider
a further extension based on an assessment of the progress
to that date regarding the reconfiguration of the future
United States office building in Kiev.
Department of State,
Washington, November 19, 1976.
Handed to Kavaluou 11-19-76
Drafted:
Cleared:
EUR: SOV :MLevitsky:reh
EUR: SOV: MGarrison
11/18/76 X 28671
EUR/EX:NBaskey (in draft)
S/S-S - in draft
51
C
MEMORANDUM
NATIONAL SECURITY COUNCIL
July 14, 1983
MEMORANDUM FOR MORT ALLIN
FROM:
JACK F. MATLOCK
fsm
SUBJECT:
Cornell's AP Story on TV Report of Religion
in USSR
My views of story:
Some comments (of persons quoted) are accurate, many mislead-
ing, and a few reflect remarkable naivete. For instance:
--
It is true that believers in the Soviet Union exhibit
genuine religious fervor and that faith has not been snuffed
out.
--
It is true that operating churches are often crowded on
major holidays (I wonder if the film was not made at Easter
when church attendance is unusually high.)
--
It is true that there is growing interest among young
people.
However:
--
It is inconceivable that the filming was not carefully
staged by the authorities to leave the impression they want to
convey. (They don't have to "stage" the fervor of believers;
what they stage is the time, place and circumstances, and make
sure controls are not visible.)
--
In the land that originated Potemkin villages, camera
crews who do not know Russian or know Soviet society well are
probably incapable of detecting the staged aspects, their
apparent confidence to the contrary notwithstanding.
--
A figure of "50 million" practicing church goers is
highly questionable and in any event not comparable to
estimates of attendance in other countries.
--
While many churches are indeed very well maintained, and
that from the contributions of church goers, only a tiny
fraction of those churches once operating are now in use. A
drive through the countryside (or even through Moscow, if you
know where to look) reveals many more churches in abandoned,
-2-
58
decrepit condition (or used for such things as storing pota-
toes) than there are operating churches. The city of Yaroslav
(500,000 people more or less) has exactly four now in opera-
tion. Before the revolution there were hundreds. No wonder
the ones remaining are full.
--
Even of those few churches now operating, only a small
fraction offer daily services. Sunday services, however, are
well attended in most places I have observed.
--
All churches in the USSR operate under the most stringent
state and police controls. Religious education of minors is a
crime punishable under the criminal code. And no one who
aspires to a position of any responsibility in government
service (and virtually all employment is government service)
can risk going to church regularly. Church attendance is, of
course, totally incompatible with Party membership, which in
turn is in effect required for most positions involving
supervision of others. The state conducts a vigorous an-
ti-religious campaign in the media and throughout the educa-
tional system.
--
To suggest that there is anything remotely similar to
freedom of religion as we understand it is simply absurd.
What exists is a degree of official toleration of church
attendance by those who have nothing to lose (peasants, simple
workers).
In short:
--
Religion is very much alive in the Soviet Union despite
the severe handicaps imposed upon it. It is a moving experi-
ence to witness the religious devotion of persons who attend
services. The piety is genuine, and many believers incur
substantial penalties because they insist on practicing their
religion. Interest of young people is growing, but the rest
of the comments are baloney or worse.
No #59-62
T. AMB MATLOCK -
A289
A A BYLRYRQYV 381
MM-RELIGION Today,Abv15:760
$ADV15
RUSSIAN RELIGIOUS LIFE SHOWN IN UNUSURL TV SERIES
Jack not think 263
FOR RELEASE AM FRI JULY 15
WITH LASERPHOTO
BY GEORGE W. CORNELL
AP RELIGION WRITER
NEW YORK (HP) - To R SURPRISING EXTENTS RELIGIOUS LIFE IS VIGOROUS
AND APPARENTLY GROWING IN THE SOVIET UNION: CONCLUDES AN NBC-TV
11.
DOCUMENTARY.
LT TAKES A RARE AND REMARKABLY PROBING LOOK AT RUSSIAN URTHODOXY
ITS LEADERS 175 DAY-TO-DAY OPERATIONS: THE PEOPLE YOUNG AND OLD:
\\
FLOCKING TO ITS CHURCHES AND FINDS RELIGIOUS LIFE THERE ''VERY MUCH
ALIVE.
RETER 65 YEARS OF OFFICIAL SOVIET ATHEISM: THE CHURCHES 'STILL
PROCLAIM CHRIST** THROUGHOUT THE LAND AND ARE TO ALL INDICATIONS:
GROWING SAYS THE NARRATOR: U.S. RELIGIOUS SCHOLAR BRUCE RIGDON OF
CHICAGO,
THE THO-HOUR TV REPORT L'THE CHURCH DF THE RUSSIANS IS TO BE
SHOWN IN THO PARTS ON SUNDAYS JULY 17 AND 24. IT WAS COMPILED IN A
MONTH OF FILMING AND INTERIEWING IN SOVIET CITIES AND COUNTRYSIDE.
"EVERY POSSIBLE DOOR WAS OPENED TO US, SAYS NEWSWOMAN HELEN
MARMOR EXECUTIVE PRODUCER OF RELIGIOUS PROGRAMS FOR NBC NEWS. SHE
SAYS THERE WAS NO GOVERNMENT INTERFERENCE OR ATTEMPTS AT IT's ADDING:
''HLL OF OUR CREW WERE PROS WHO HAVE WORKED ALL OVER THE WORLD'S AND
THEY WOULD HAVE BEEN THE FIRST TO RECOGNIZE ANY ATTEMPTS AT CONTROL
HAD THERE BEEN ANY.
"THEY WERE STUNNED AT THE RELIGIOUS FERVOR: STUNNED AT THE KIDS AND
YOUNG PEOPLE IN CHURCH. NOTHING WAS BEING STAGED. WE WOULDN'T HAVE
BELIEVED 17 IF WE HADN'T SEEN IT OURSELVES.
HT A PRIVATE SCREENING FOR R GROUP OF U.S. ERSTERN URTHODOX LEADERS:
METROPOLITAN HEODOSIUS, HEAD OF THE, URTHODOX CHURCH IN MMERICA SAID
''IT'S THE FICST TIME FOR ANYTHING L(VO)THIS** TO BE PRESENTED IN
THIS COUNTRY.
"17's BEAUTIFUL HE SAID. CONTRARY TO SOME AMERICAN OPINION T-AT
RUSSIAN FAITH 15 DORMANT HE SAID IT'S CLEARLY THRIVING. ''THAT COMES
THROUGH OVERWHELMINGLY. You CAN SEE IT IN THE FACES OF THE PEOPLE,
THE REV. JOHN MEYENDORFF R RUSSIAN CHURCH HISTORIAN OF ST.
VLADIMIR'S SEMINARY IN TONKERS N.Y., SAID ' THE IMPRESSION IN THE
WEST THAT FAITH HAS BEEN SNUFFED OUT IN RUSSIA 15 QUITE WRONG,
''THERE'S A VIBRANT FRITH AMONG THE PEOPLE, RELIGION 15 A POPULAR
THING THERE NOT TIED TO ANY SYSTEM. PARADOXICALLY, EVEN WHEN
PRESERVATION COPY
PERSECUTED IT FLOURISHES MORE.
CAME BACK FROM MOSCON SAYING
THE CHURCHES HERE FULL AND RELIGION SEEMED UNREPRESSED: HE 607
CONSIDERABLE FLAK FOR 17. NBC MIGHT GET SOME OF THE SAME BUT IT
OFFERS THE FILMED EVIDENCE.
IN THE DOCUMENTARY BOTH RUSSIAN CHURCH LEADERS AND GOVERNMENT
REPRESENTATIVES REPEATEDLY AND STRONGLY DENIED ANY RESTRICTIONS ON THE
CHURCH A CONTENTION THAT REYENDORFF CALLED ''BALONEY.''
HOWEVER, HE SAID THAT UN@UESTIONABLY: THE RUSSIAN CHURCH LEADERS ARE
PRESOLUTELY AUTHENTIC IN THEIR FRITH ALTHOUGH THERE ARE
GOVERNMENT RESTRAINTS ON THEM. "SOME ARE MORE COOPERATIVE THAN
OTHERS: HE SAID.
THE FILM SERIES RANGES WIDELY THROUGH THE CHURCH INSTITUTIONS: FROM
ITS CRONDED CATHEDRALS TO A RURAL PARISH FROM BULGING SEMINARIES AND
BUSY PUBLISHING HOUSES TO TRANQUIL MONASTERIES,
THE CAMERAS DWELLS INTIMATELY ON ORDINARY PEOPLE IN ACTS OF
REVERENCE AND DEVOTION - PRAYING# MAKING CONFESSIONS COUPLES WITH
THEIR WHIMPERING BRBIES BEING BAPTIZED PEOPLE RECEIVING COMMUNION
FROM A SPOON: A YOUNG BOY LIGHTING CANDLES,
THEOLOGIAN VITALY BOROVDY OF THE MOSCOR PATRIARCHATE SAYS IN A
FILMED INTERVIEW THAT RUSSIAN ORTHODOXY, ONCE THE OFFICIALLY
ESTABLISHED CHURCH WITH ''GLORIOUS IMPERIAL POWER NOW LIVES IN R
NEW AND RADICALLY SECULARIZED SITUATION.
NOTING THAT THE COMMUNIST REVOLUTION BROUGHT 'COMPLETELY NEW
RELATIONS WITH THE STATE AND SOCIETY HE SAID: THIS NEWNESS OF THE
SITUATION 15 VERY PAINFUL AND SHARP FOR BOTH SIDES. 32
HE LIKENED PRESENT CONDITIONS INDIRECTLY TO THOSE FOR CHRISTIANS
UNDER
NCIENT ROME'S PAGAN EMPIRE AND SAID SOME SENTIMENTAL FEELING
FOR THE GLORIOUS PAST STILL REMAINS. BUT WE HAVE PROVED THAT WE ARE
NOT ONLY ABLE TO SURVIVE BUT TO GROW IN THIS COMPLETELY NEW
SITUATION.
THERE ARE AN ESTIMATED 50 MILLION PRACTICING RUSSIAN ÜRTHODOX
BELIEVERS: NEARLY A FOURTH OF THE POPULATION: MEYENDORFF SRID: MUCH
GREATER THAN THE 10 PERCENT OR LESS IN FRANCE AND BRITAIN WITH THE
NUMBR OF BAPTIZED RUSSIANS EVEN GREATER AN ESTIMATED 100 MILLION.
THERE ALSO ARE MORE THAN 3 MILLION ROMAN CATHOLICS AND A MILLLION
PROTESTANTS IN RUSSIA PLUS ABOUT 24 MILLION MOSLEMS.
THE CHURCHES ARE SPLENDIDLY ATTENDED BY THE PEOPLE ORTHODOX
HRCHBISHOP MAKARII OF KIEV SAYS IN THE FILM 'AND ARE VERY HELL
FINANCED BY THE PEOPLE. As THE COLLECTION BRSKETS ARE PASSED:
THEY'RE HEAPED WITH RUBLES AND KOPECS.
THERE ARE DAILY MORNING AND EVENING SERVICES AND SEVERAL OF THEM ON
SUNDAYS TO RECOMMODATE THE CROWDS: MAKARII SAYS, SAYING THAT ABOUT 60
PERCENT OF THOSE PRE ENT AR
EPF 0N2 PEOPLE FROM 20 TO 30,
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A A EZCEEVGYV #159
PM-RELISTON IN THE NEWS) Anv15,810
$ADV15
FAITH DEPICTED Hs THRIVING IN KUSSIA DESPITE 65 YEARS OF ATHEISM
6+
FOR RELEASE PM FRI JULY 15.
WITH LASERPHOTO
BY GEORGE M. CORNELL
print
AP RELIGION WRITER
NEW YORK (AP) - IN THE EARLY DAYS OF THE SOVIET UNION ITS LERDER V.
1. LENIN SRID ITS SYSTEM HAS ''DISPERSING THE FOG OF RELIGION AND
LIBERATING THE WORKERS FROM IT.
BUT AFTER 65 YEARS OF COMMUNIST RULE IN AN OFFICIALLY ATHEIST
NATION: 'THE WORKERS REFUSE TO BE LIBERATED FROM THEIR FAITH SAYS
THE NARRATOR DN AN EXTRADRDINARY NBC-TV DOCUMENTARY EXPLORING
RELIGIOUS LIFE IN RUSSIA.
RELIGION REMAINS R DAILY FACT OF LIFE IN THE SOVIET UNION SAYS
THE NARRATOR: THE REV. BRUCE RIGDON OF CHICAGO R SPECIALIST ON THE
RUSSIAN CHURCH. HE SAYS 17 NOW IS DISPLAYING SIGNS OF GREATER STRENGTH
AND GROWTH.
THE CANDIDLY SEARCHING FILMED REPORT THE CHURCH OF THE
RUSSIANS TURNED OUT TO PACK 50 MUCH REVERLING DETRIL THAT 17'S TO
BE SHOWN IN TWO HOUR-LONG SEGMENTS: ON THIS SUNDAY AND NEXT: INSTEAD
OF ONE AS ORIGINALLY INTENDED.
''RELIGION IS INDEED ALIVE AND THRIVING IN THE U.S.S.R.** SAYS
VETERAN NEWSHOMAN HELEN MARMOR, EXECUTIVE PRODUCER OF RELIGIOUS
PROGRAMS FOR NBC NEWS. "THAT'S THE STORY NE CAME BACK WITH BECAUSE
IT'S THERE.
THE TV NEWS CREW SPENT R MONTH EXPLORING CHURCH ACTIVITIES IN CITIES
AND RURAL SETTINGS,
IN INTERVIEWS BOTH WITH CHURCH LEADERS AND GOVERNMENT OFFICIALS: AS
HELL RS WITH PASTORS SEMINARY STUDENTS AND ORDINARY PEOPLE THE
DOCUMENTARY OFFERS A STRIKINGLY VIVID LOOK AT THE RELIGIOUS SITUATION:
BOTH ITS VIGOR AND STRAINS.
RIGDON OF CHICAGO'S MCCORMICK THEOLOGICAL SEMINARY RT ONE POINT ASKS
THE GOVERNMENT VICE CHAIRMAN FOR RELIGIOUS AFFAIRS: PETER MAKARTSEV,
WHY RELIGION SURVIVES WHEN THE GOVERNMENT DOES ALL 17 CAN TO SPREAD
ATHEISM.
'BECAUSE 11 EXISTS MAKARTSEV SAYS, APPARENTLY STUMPED AT ANY
EXPLANATION OF IT. "IT 15. RELIGION WILL EXIST RS LONG RS BELIEVERS
EXIST.
THEIR THRONGING: DEVOUT EXISTENCE 15 SHORN FIRSTHAND IN THE CROWDED
CHURCHES THE YOUNG COUPLES LINED UP FOR BAPTIZING OF BABIES, IN R
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BUSY NEW PUBLISHING HOUSE TURNING OUT BIBLES, AND OTHER MATERIALS IN
THE BULGING SEMINARIES,
JNEWER TRIMMER SANCTURRIES: STILL WITH ORNATE INTERIORS: THE GARDENS:
SIDEWALKS AND PEOPLE OF RUSSIA.
THE PEOPLE THEMSELVES PROVIDE MANY OF THE MOST TOUCHING GLIMPSES: ft
YOUNG BOY LIGHTING CANDLES AN OLD MONKs SRID TO BE 100, WALKING THE
MONASTERY GROUNDS) DISPENSING BLESSINGS: R WOMAN FEEDING PIGEONS AND
SINGING AN OLD RUSSIAN FOLK SONG.
'PLEASE DO NOT FORSAKE US: HAVE MERCY 17 GOES, THE KINGDOM OF
Goz WE ACCEPT AND LOVE,
IN THE DOCUMENTARY'S APPROACH, RIGDON SAYS, THE ALLOR THE CHURCH TO
SPEAK FOR ITSELF ALTHOUGH NE HERE AWARE THAT THE ISSUES SURROUNDING
THE CHURCH ARE COMPLEX AND COULD NOT ALWAYS BE VOICED.
AT THE VILLAGE OF Lisi Nos, A RURAL PRETOR: FATHER DLEG, TALKS OF
FAITH IN A LAWGIVER HIGHER THAN THE CONSTRICTED VIEWS OF MATERIALISM:
OF GoD's SUMMONS OF HUMANITY TO LOVE. THE PRIEST ADDS:
THAT IS HIS COMMANDMENT AND HE SHOULD FULFILL IT.
END HDV PM FRI JULY 15
AP-NY-07-13 1013EDT
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