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Analysis of the Mineral Radium
Radium, an alkaline earth metal, is one of the most important of
the naturally occurring radioactive elements, due to its relatively long life
and to the fact that it is the parent of a series of radioactive elements which
emit therapeutically and industrially useful radiations. Prior to the develop-
ment of the Atomic Energy Program, in which Uranium, the parent of the entire
radioactive series of which radium is a member, plays an important part, radium
was without doubt the most important radioactive element. It was discovered
by Professor and Madame Curie in Paris in 1898 as the result of an attempt to
identify the source of invisible radiations which it was noted were emitted by
certain minerals and which affected unexposed photographic plates.
A radioactive element is one which possesses the chemical and
physical properties of a normal element, but differs from a normal stable
element in that a portion of the radioactive element is constantly undergoing
change, at a fixed rate, into other elements. This change is the result of the
emission by the element of alpha, beta and gamma particles or rays. In order
to understand this differentiation, a brief description of the structure of
matter is necessary.
All matter consists of one or more of ninety-six basic elements.
Prior to the recent production of the elements Plutonium, Neptimium, Curium and
Americum under the Atomic Energy Program, ninety-two elements were known and
of these radium was Number 88. The elements are known to consist of atoms and
since radioactive characteristics involve Atomic changes and Atomic changes produce
different elements a knowledge of Atomic structure is essential. The atom
consists basically of a compact central portion known as the Nucleus, composed
of positively charged electrified particles called Protons and neutral particles
consisting of a closely bound positive and negative particle called Neutrons.
Revolving about this central nucleus, and not unlike our own solar system, are
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"ocrText": "Analysis of the Mineral Radium\nRadium, an alkaline earth metal, is one of the most important of\nthe naturally occurring radioactive elements, due to its relatively long life\nand to the fact that it is the parent of a series of radioactive elements which\nemit therapeutically and industrially useful radiations. Prior to the develop-\nment of the Atomic Energy Program, in which Uranium, the parent of the entire\nradioactive series of which radium is a member, plays an important part, radium\nwas without doubt the most important radioactive element. It was discovered\nby Professor and Madame Curie in Paris in 1898 as the result of an attempt to\nidentify the source of invisible radiations which it was noted were emitted by\ncertain minerals and which affected unexposed photographic plates.\nA radioactive element is one which possesses the chemical and\nphysical properties of a normal element, but differs from a normal stable\nelement in that a portion of the radioactive element is constantly undergoing\nchange, at a fixed rate, into other elements. This change is the result of the\nemission by the element of alpha, beta and gamma particles or rays. In order\nto understand this differentiation, a brief description of the structure of\nmatter is necessary.\nAll matter consists of one or more of ninety-six basic elements.\nPrior to the recent production of the elements Plutonium, Neptimium, Curium and\nAmericum under the Atomic Energy Program, ninety-two elements were known and\nof these radium was Number 88. The elements are known to consist of atoms and\nsince radioactive characteristics involve Atomic changes and Atomic changes produce\ndifferent elements a knowledge of Atomic structure is essential. The atom\nconsists basically of a compact central portion known as the Nucleus, composed\nof positively charged electrified particles called Protons and neutral particles\nconsisting of a closely bound positive and negative particle called Neutrons.\nRevolving about this central nucleus, and not unlike our own solar system, are"
}