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Margaret A. Williams [Folder 2]
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Margaret “Maggie” Williams' Subject Files
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Withdrawal/Redaction Sheet
Clinton Library
DOCUMENT NO.
SUBJECT/TITLE
DATE
RESTRICTION
AND TYPE
001. letter
To Hillary Rodham Clinton from constituent re: health care (partial, p.
08/19/93
b(6)
3) (1 page)
002. passport
Re: Dennie P. DeGuzman (3 pages)
n.d.
b(6)
COLLECTION:
Clinton Presidential Records
First Lady's Office
Maggie Williams (Subject Files)
OA/Box Number: 4106
FOLDER TITLE:
Margaret A. Williams [Folder 2]
2013-0359-S
rv1420
RESTRICTION CODES
Presidential Records Act - |44 U.S.C. 2204(a)]
Freedom of Information Act - 15 U.S.C. 552(b)]
P1 National Security Classified Information [(a)(1) of the PRA|
b(1) National security classified information |(b)(1) of the FOIA]
P2 Relating to the appointment to Federal office [(a)(2) of the PRA]
b(2) Release would disclose internal personnel rules and practices of
P3 Release would violate a Federal statute |(a)(3) of the PRA
an agency [(b)(2) of the FOIA]
P4 Release would disclose trade secrets or confidential commercial or
b(3) Release would violate a Federal statute |(b)(3) of the FOIA]
financial information |(a)(4) of the PRA
b(4) Release would disclose trade secrets or confidential or financial
P5 Release would disclose confidential advice between the President
information |(b)(4) of the FOIA]
and his advisors, or between such advisors |a)(5) of the PRA]
b(6) Release would constitute a clearly unwarranted invasion of
P6 Release would constitute a clearly unwarranted invasion of
personal privacy ((b)(6) of the FOIA]
personal privacy |(a)(6) of the PRA]
b(7) Release would disclose information compiled for law enforcement
purposes |(b)(7) of the FOIA]
C. Closed in accordance with restrictions contained in donor's deed
b(8) Release would disclose information concerning the regulation of
of gift.
financial institutions |(b)(8) of the FOIA]
PRM. Personal record misfile defined in accordance with 44 U.S.C.
b(9) Release would disclose geological or geophysical information
2201(3).
concerning wells [(b)(9) of the FOIA]
RR. Document will be reviewed upon request.
05/22/05 00:30
3166613245
JPGINC
PAGE 01
THIS DOCUMENT IS BEING
SENT FROM FAXNET AGENT
TEL# (
)
FAX# (
)
FAXNET
NAME
FAXNET TRANSMISSION FORM
TO:
NAME: Hilms Rodban Clenter FAX# (200) 1436 - 246 \
COMPANY: White house
STREET:
PHONE# (
)
-
CITY:
TOTAL NUMBER OF PAGES
STATE
ZIP:
INCLUDING THIS PAGE
FROM:
COMPANY: NAME: Stephen R.Reed R.
PHONE # (5% ) 538 4204
STREET:
RETURN FAX # (
) -
CITY:
STATE:
ZIP:
SPECIAL INSTRUCTIONS/MESSAGE:
MESSAGE:
I will be Listening tonight
FAXNET
FAXMET Corporation, 8 Corporate Place, Pleastaway, New Jersey 09955, 806-562-1877
from: Stephen R. Rud
To: Hilan Rodham Clinton / CEverts Koop
Re: Health Care Refarm
Geeeting!
Wslame about C. Evert Koop.
It. has been A long time. sense the
Passident Commission for NIV commiter.
to hope you and your family me well.
here up the good week! I will be watching
Stoing more then the previous administrate
You are right this administration or is
Take care of yourself.
afours stuly.
Stephen R.Ruct
Mrs Hillary Rodham Clinton
September 6,
1993
The First Lady
The White House
1600 Pennsylvania Avenue
White House Correspond-
Washington, D.C. 20500
ence No 765530
US Postal service
Dear Mrs. Clinton:
I ( and 1 am sure my co-workers at the Oakland Plant and Distribution
Center ) would like to thank you for your assistance in keeping our Medical
Unit open.
While the quality of care remains a matter of some concern, at least we will
have a nurse there on a full-time basis as of September 18, 1993.
If you or the President are ever in the Oakland area again, we would be
delighted to see you at the Oakland Plant and Distribution Center.
So thanking you again for your assistance and with mine and my co-
workers best wishes to you and the President,
I am,
Sincerely Yours,
William Ellia
William Ellis
287 Kingston Way
Walnut Creek, California 94596
August 24, 1993
Hilary Rodham Clinton
1600 Pennsylvania Avenue
Washington, D.C.
Jill Pfau Maelzer
12614 Red Canyon Road
Knoxville, Tennessee 37922
re: Mary Pfau, Cincinnati, Ohio with ref. to the Council on
Aging.
Dear Mrs. Clinton,
My Mother and I are deeply touched by and ever so
grateful for your response to my letter asking for your
assistance in aiding my Mom in her objective to remain
safely in her own home instead of resorting to a deficient
existence in a nursing home facility.
Such wonderful events have occurred since your prompt
intervention. The contrast of her former situation of
struggle and frustration to the current program of home-
health care workers is simply phenomenal; already in
place are these crucial services: home-health care
aide on duty 8 a.m. to 10 a.m., Senior Center homemakers
to help my Mom for three hours in the afternoon, home
health care aide returns from 4 p.m. to 6 p.m., a physical
therapist comes to help with gait training and exercise,
an occupational therapist to help with personal hygiene,
weekly nurse's visits and the procurement of a necessary
lift chair.
Because of your diligence and expeditious nature,
my Mother has now regained her dignity as an independent
and valuable person in her community. She will be able
to move progressively in her recovery unencumbered
by financial duress and deprivation of her basic needs.
Your call to the office of the Council On Aging in
Cincinnati, precipitated a course of events led by
Executive Director, Robert Logan, the details of which
were fine tuned in a workable manner by the Assistant
Executive Director, Ms. Nancy Preszyk. Ms. Preszyk
was sensitive to my Mom's real needs and took immediate
steps to meet those needs. The initial interview with
the social worker, Kim Schultz transpired shortly after
your phone call and was used to collect data for Mr. Logan.
It was Nancy Preszyk's efforts that led to the
immediate resolution of the acute situation faced by
Mary Pfau. Nancy contacted R.N. Born, who in turn
accelerated the program that transformed a seriously
despairing situation into and event of monumental hope
and positive accomplishment.
Presently, my Mom's life has been enhanced by a
compassionate group of women representing Fidelity
Home Health Care of Cincinnati, and most especially
by a registered nurse, Jayne Born, manager of my Mom's
case and dedicated to our cause. Her group of compassionate
women at the Anderson Senior Center is the heartbeat of
everyone's combined efforts to help.
I communicate this joyful development to everyone
who cares enough to listen, in my effort to repay you
and to demonstrate my sincere appreciation for your
support and your spirit of self-less caring for the
elderly. I am committed to make myself available to
you if you ever need my support in your endeavors as
First Lady. You are the embodiment of realistic
womanhood for those of us living in the '90's and
a star of hope for my daughters' generation.
Please accept my gratitude, my admiration and my
promise to repeat the cycle of compassion you have
begun toward the elderly; accept these as my "Bouquet
of Words" from my garden to your lush display of care.
Sincerely yours,
gill
Maelzer
P.S. Repeating the closing of my first correspondence
...
"Sometimes help comes from the most obscure places,
and from the dearest of the dear!" You are.
2
D Peterson
D. PETERSON & ASSOCIATES
CONSULTANTS TO HEALTH CARE LEADERS
August 31, 1993
Hillary Rodham Clinton
The White House
1600 Pennsylvania Ave.
Washington, DC 20006
Dear Mrs. Clinton:
It was a sincere pleasure to hear your remarks at the Annual Meeting of the
American Hospital Association. You are a most articulate spokesperson on
the health care challenges and solutions. I recognize that your role is a
rather thankless one-the issues are thorny and the solutions are not
simple. However, many are anxious to work with you on the complex
solutions.
Again, it was a pleasure to meet you and to have the photographic
opportunity with you and the members of the American Hospital
Association Board.
Best wishes in your endeavor, and I personally stand ready to help in any
way.
Sincerely,
Dran Peteren
Diane Peterson, FACHE
President
1020 HOLCOMBE BOULEVARD, SUITE 1107
HOUSTON, TEXAS 77030
713/795-5800
FAX 713/795-4417
Dear Hillary
letter you, regarding
you I recondly close a
i
Healthcare, to sublishin
the wash. Post. VI want to follow
To thank you
through and thank you, not
only for the honor but for
for your thoughtfulness
It meant somuch
and warmly tell you, too,
listening me Day husband and
You make the world
2 Jons Spencert Exan, to
not have my prayers fall
a brighter place
just by being you!
on deaf eases.
God Bess your
THANK YOU
Path - let me know
if I can help.
Sincerely, Alison Burton
2734 CoRte SanBlas
510-426 4638
Pleasanton, (a 94566
Letters Reflect Anxiety Over Gaps in Care and Outrage Over Costs
By Natalie Davis Spingarn
Many of the letters I handled came
fraud and inefficiency that patients
compelling: Parenting classes should be
from professional people who were not
encounter.
Special to The Washington Post
offered in the schools, the writers,
physicians.
The system needed change, most of
especially the nurses, argued; more
What struck me in the letters was the
the writers stated, and some added that
here were usually a dozen or so of
attention should be paid to the prevention
high level of anxiety people feel over gaps
they would be willing to pay for such
of unwanted pregnancies-and to all
T
us volunteers, sitting at a long
in their health care and outrage over the
change. They had put careful thought into
reproductive health-and to youthful
table in one of three high-ceilinged
cost. A clinical social worker, for
their many suggestions on how to achieve
violence. Many wanted mobile clinics of
rooms in the grandiose Old
example, who can't change insurance
reform. Some detailed plans for a new
one kind or another, whether to dispense
Executive Office Building reading, coding,
companies because she has breast
system. A pharmacist, for example,
vaccines or eyeglasses.
sorting and analyzing many thousands of
cancer-a preexisting condition-is
suggested a U.S. Health Board,
But the vast majority of
health letters that began "Dear Hillary."
therefore stuck with a monthly health
somewhat like the Federal Reserve
correspondents wanted above all to share
I felt a sense of kinship with the
insurance premium of $670 and
Board, to pinpoint deficiencies, draw up a
their personal health care experiences
writers. For years, as a freelance
foreclosed from disability insurance.
plan, monitor its effectiveness and set up
and concerns. Asked by the president and
journalist, I have written about health
Medical bills, carefully reproduced in
zones with screening centers. A hospital
Hillary Rodham Clinton for their ideas,
care. But I have also confronted the
thousands of copy machines from Maine
employee's six-point plan stipulated that
they responded willingly. Although many
system personally, since I was first
to Florida to California, were sent in as
doctors and hospital employees should be
seemed aware that the first family might
diagnosed and treated for breast cancer
hard proof of outrageous charges often
prohibited from owning health care
not actually read their words ("I know
19 years ago. So I recognized the despair
made to Medicare-including one for
provider stocks.
you
won't
see
this,
but
"), they were
$400 for a five-mile ambulance ride.
Others-particularly those who had
and frustration of many of the stories
weighing in, glad, or at least hopeful, that
There was some "canned" mail-an
lived and worked in countries with
these authors told.
people in high places were finally ready to
estimated 10 percent-usually sent by @
different health care systems such as
listen.
As a lifelong Democrat, I had helped on
professional group, such as chiropractors.
Germany, Australia and Canada-
A fellow volunteer told me that she
Bill Clinton's transition team. When the
Less often, people concerned with a
generally advocated universal coverage
found many letters sad. Reading them,
White House Health Care Task Force
specific problem like infertility wrote
with comprehensive benefits (although
she confessed, tears came to her eyes;
was formed, I continued to work
similar letters. Some of the non-physician
one doctor warned that such a system
wasn't it enough to grapple with graye
part-time for six months as a volunteer.
professionals-mental health workers or
would exacerbate shortages). Social
disease, without having to fight to find
The ambiance could be heady. Once
dietitians, for example-simply stated
workers and psychologists, among others,
the necessary care, and pay for it?
admitted through the strict security
their belief in how their work benefited
warned the president and first lady of the
My reaction was different. I found
system, you entered the spacious
patients; others argued forcefully that
impersonality of decision-making in
myself uplifted to know that those who in
corridors, with elegant curving granite
excluding their specialty from coverage
managed care systems.
recent years had so often argued that
POST HEALTH/AUGUST 17. 1993
staircases, skylit domes and black and
would be counterproductive.
Many wanted a holistic-or
there was no groundswell in America for
white marble floors. Along these
The issues that aroused the most
"wellness"-approach included in any new
real reform were wrong; these letters
corridors, you could even meet the
passion were varied: denial of insurance
health care scheme. These ranged from a
constitute a remarkable civic outpouring.
President on his way to the Indian Treaty
benefits for people with congenital
licensed acupuncturist who reported that his
conditions or chronic illnesses that can be
rheumatoid arthritis had been cured by
Natalie Davis Spingarn has worked on
Room, striding ahead of his retinue; he
managed medically but are quite
herbal cleansing and fasting to a registered
health care issues, both as a government
always took time to stop and shake hands
expensive to treat; the soaring cost of
nurse who said that since "wellness VS.
official and a private citizen, and is the
with people.
insurance premiums, particularly for
illness is the key," people must learn to
author of several books. She also has served
We volunteers-hundreds of people of
individuals with preexisting conditions,
assume responsibility for their health, losing
as a commissioner of D.C. General Hospital
all ages, shapes, complexions and
families and small businesses; the need
weight and making other lifestyle changes.
and the executive director of the National
backgrounds-tackled the thousands of
for long-term care and expanded mental
There were those who wanted more
Commission on Confidentiality of Health
letters a day received by the White
health services; rules and regulations that
emphasis on living wills and less on the
Records. She is now vice chair of the
House. A large percentage zeroed in on
are often contradictory or cause hardship,
life-extending machines. And advocates
National Coalition for Cancer
health care.
and of course, the examples of waste,
for young people were particularly
Survivorship.
September 15, 1993
Ms. Hillary Rodham-Clinton
White House
1600 Pennsylvania Ave
Washington DC 20500
Dear Ms. Rodham-Clinton,
I have recently changed my party affiliation from Republican to Democratic. The reasons for this
are many but the biggest reason, by far, is professional. As a dentist, I've become increasingly
embarrassed, ashamed and disgusted with the posture my profession takes towards dental care for
middle and lower income Americans.
I'm interested in supporting your efforts in health-care reform with respect to my profession. We
presently have 3 and will soon have 6 successful metro-Denver area dental clinics. Our 16
dentists and 70 employees all support themselves nicely with a concept that the huge majority of
my profession believes won't work: Our emphasis is middle and lower income patients. We offer
lower fee, yet quality care to Medicaid patients, managed care patients, self-pay patients,
insurance patients, all patients. Every kind of dental patient is wanted in our practices. We
believe our concept satisfies the concerns of the American people and the concerns of my
profession. We hope to someday expand our unique concept beyond the meto-Denver area.
Enclosed is an editorial on this subject that I wrote for our leading professional business
periodical. I have been called one of the leading practice management experts in my profession.
If I can be of any assistance to you in your health-care reform efforts with respect to dentistry,
please do not hesitate to contact me. I remain at your service.
Sincerely,
Rick A. Kushner, D.D.S.
P.S. Please notify me as to how I may contribute to the President's re-election campaign fund.
COMFORT DENTAL GROUP INC.
17404 W. 53rd Drive Golden, CO 80403 303-278-3335
Are We Becoming a Profession of Elitists?
've read with disturbed interest
Even if third-party involvement
mean an affordable, serviceable
the minor controversy surround-
does go away, capitation would
cosmetic immediate denture or
ing the "Understanding Capitation"
survive longer as the lower-cost
does it mean not doing immediate
Viewpoint in Dental Economics'
alternative.
dentures at all? Does it mean treat-
December 1992 issue. In it, Dr.
Where do dentists who think cap-
ing only patients with the right den-
Howard Farran presents a thought-
itation will magically disappear de-
tal IQ and pocketbook, or does it
ful, yet flawed (the one I would
velop these ideas? Do they ever
mean treating all types of patients
write would be flawed, also), analy-
venture out of their 10 X 10 boxes
with kindness and respect accord-
sis of capitation. Dr. Farran, wheth-
and look at the changes in their
ing to their value systems and their
er you like him, dislike him, are
marketplace? (For those of you
willingness and ability to pay? I'm
indifferent to him or are ignorant of
who graduated prior to 1970, by
so confused with all this talk about
him, is one of the most innovative
"changes in their marketplace," I'm
quality and excellence.
thinkers this profession has ever
I know nothing at all of the prac-
seen. Free thinking is sadly missing
tices of the "capitation will go
in this profession.
away" dentists, and I have no
Subsequent issues of this maga-
doubt whatsoever that they are out
zine have included several re-
standing clinical dentists, but I'll bet
sponses to Dr. Farran's article. One
dollars to donuts that they have
letter-writer feels that the impend-
Managed care
been in practice at least 30 years,
ing shortage of dentists will cause
is not the
I'd further bet that a first visit to one
capitation to go away. Golly-gee, I
wish it were so. Managed care is
cause of any
of their offices costs about $100,
and you'd better bring the $100
not the cause of any of our prob-
of our problems-
with you on that first visit or you're
lems-it's a result. Nor is it the
it's a result.
not welcome. It's so much easier to
solution to our problems. It is sim-
be ideological and to use and live
ply a piece of. an extremely com-
by phrases such as care and skill
plex provider puzzle in an extreme-
and judgment and clinical and diag-
ly complex national economy. Cap-
nostic excellence when you estab-)
itation is not going away. Unless,
referring to the willingness and abil-
lished your practice in the "golden
that is, third-party involvement in
ity of the patient base to pay for our
age of dentistry" sixties. If all the
dentistry goes away completely;
services.) Or, when they do venture
"dream practice" really required
and that actually could happen.
out, is it only to their dental-society
was hard work, dedication and
meetings filled with lots of people
postgraduate courses, there would
who all think the same way?
be tens of thousands of dream
Another letter-writer rips Dr. Far-
practices in this country-and I
The author has been involved with
ran pretty good for using the word
haven't found a single one yet.
lecturing and consulting in the field of
"profit" too often and not using the
As for the word "profit," this is
dental-practice management for more
words quality and excellence. I've
still, after all, America. For a signifi-
than 13 years. His "Lean and Mean"
seminar series has become a yardstick
never known what quality in den-
cant percentage of American den-
for measuring practice profitability. Dr.
tistry really means. Does it mean
tists, even clinically excellent den-f
Kushner still is a practicing dentist and
an economical amalgam with ex-
tists, "profit" must be the primary
manages two practices which he start-
cellent contacts and margins, or
goal as bankruptcy becomes a real
ed within the last four years in Colora-
does it mean not doing amalgams
possibility.
do. Seminar information can be ob-
at all? Does it mean a quick, pain-
Still another letter-writer face-
tained by calling 303-277-0001, or writ-
ing Table Mountain Seminars, 17404
less extraction, or does it mean not
tiously accuses Dr. Farran of be-
W. 53rd Drive, Golden, CO 80403.
doing extractions at all? Does it
lieving welfare dentistry is profit-
DENTAL ECONOMICS / JUNE 1993 23
VIEWPOINT
Designed
togo
anywhere.
able. For 16 years, each of our
aging meticulously all areas of the
practices has accepted Medicaid
practice. Those who listened will
patients (along with indemnity in-
win in the current marketplace even
surance patients, self-pay patients,
if it's by losing less than the rest.
capitation patients, rich patients,
1 have two sons who talk about
poor patients, fat patients, thin pa-
becoming dentists. The older one
tients, all patients) and no, it's not
could conceivably be in dentistry in
profitable. We do so out of a com-
10 or so years. Let's hypothesize
mitment to our entire community
that he will have no financial help
and with a belief that someday, just
whatsoever upon dental-school
maybe, the Medicaid patient will
graduation. Let's say he's $75,000
get a job or that maybe, just may-
in debt from school and faces an-
be, the Medicaid patient has a
other $100,000 practice start-up
friend who has a job and he'll re-
debt in an economy like the one we
member we treated him with kind-
now are in. Let's say he's married
ness and respect when he was in
and has an infant to support. Do I
If you're looking for an
need. Even though we're among
prefer he follow the ideological,
the few in our area to see Medicaid
philosophical advice of the letter-
attractive, space-saving
patients, we're frequently criticized
writers or the realistic, profit-moti-
filing solution, consider
as placing profit above all else.
vated advice of the type Dr. Farran
Times-2 Classic™ The
My overall point is that I'm ex-
gives? Guess! It's 1993, gang.
world's original rotatable
tremely concerned that we're rapid-
Name a business that functions
file. Compared to con-
ly becoming a profession of elitists.
today with 30-year-old thinking.
We're turning our backs on the bulk
I was fortunate enough recently
ventional laterals, Times-
of our patient base; and fewer and
to attend the Conservative Summit
2 Classic can save you up
fewer of our population can afford
in Washington, D.C. I was interest-
to 64% of your floor
our care, any care. We have 95
ed in the position on the health-
space. Now available in
percent of the profession sniffing
care crisis of the think tank of the
27 beautiful standard col-
after 5 percent (and shrinking) of
Heritage Foundation. It seems as
the patient base, and the numbers
though Mrs. Clinton may work with
ors, it's beautiful enough
just don't work. Our country has
the Heritage Foundation on her
to go anywhere in your
changed-not changing, but
health-care project. My conclusion
office. So you can bring
changed. The reality is that we're
is that we could be in for a major
files closer to the people
under constant pressure to see
earthquake. Those of you who are
who use them. And with
more patients and perform more
offended by the word "profit" are
services for fewer dollars without
going to love the next 10 years,
changeable multi-media
sacrificing quality. Sounds pretty
unless, of course, the phrase "lack
options, it can adapt to
impossible and is incredibly diffi-
of profit" offends you also.
your ever-changing stor-
cult, but some of us feel we have a
age needs. For our free
pretty good handle on it. Managed
Editor's Note: Readers are invited
care is just a weapon to wage the
to submit manuscripts for consider-
brochure, please call
battle on cost of dental service.
ation for the Viewpoint column. The
1(800)877-8456 or in
I've tried for 10 years to prepare
staff reserves the right to edit
Canada 1(800)363-6237.
this country's dentists for the mar-
manuscripts to fit available space.
ket we face by remaining open to
Send manuscripts to:
different service-providing opportu-
Dental Economics
RICHARDS WILCOX
nities. I've recommended not limit-
Box 3408
Storage Environments
ing practices in any way and man-
Tulsa, OK 74101.
Circle 16 on reader service card
26 DENTAL ECONOMICS / JUNE 1993
August 19, 1993
Mrs. Hillary Rodham Clinton
c/o The White House
1600 Pennsylvania Avenue
Washington, D.C.
Dear Mrs. Clinton:
I have debated for months now as to what might be
accomplished by the writing of this letter. I have now
concluded that, regardless of whether or not it is ever seen
or its contents taken seriously does not matter. I must
tell this story in order to free myself of the moral and
professional frustration I have suffered for the past four
years.
I am a 35 year old woman, originally from Florida, having
relocated to Dallas almost four years ago. It is an
understatement that my life, both personally and
professionally has changed dramatically in those few short
years. I am a 16 year veteran employee of the insurance
industry. I began my career in insurance sales and over the
course of my career, have been exposed to most facets of the
industry, including Sales and Marketing, Insurance Software
Sales and Education, and for the past four years, as an
executive in the health insurance market here in Texas. The
situations I have witnessed in recent years, both personally
and professionally, are appalling at best and have prompted
me to. write this letter.
Mrs. Clinton, I cannot begin to express to you the degree of
waste, abuse of power (both Regulatory and within the
insurance companies), lack of moral fiber and complete
social irresponsibility I have seen. I have worked for
companies who feel no financial or moral obligation to
properly prepare for and reserve for (as required) their
policyholder's potential claims. I have seen a 21 year old
young man by the name of Gregory P. Romero, literally die on
the steps of a Louisiana hospital because his family was
told that the insurance they had paid for for over 3 years
was no good. I spoke at length with his mother as she
battled, not only the loss of her son, but the insurance
company she had relied on as well. I have seen that same
company spend astronomical sums of money on corporate jets,
$1200.00 "business dinners", and personal expenses by the
tens of thousand which were paid from company funds. I do
recognize that all of these things have been going on for
many years prior to my becoming a part of this industry; but
to witness it first hand, to watch companies fold due to
poor regulatory supervision, and to see policyholders
struggle to keep their homes and families intact due to
these failures, is more disheartening than you can imagine.
I have been on my own since age 16. I have worked hard to
provide for myself and for my family, and until recent years
have taken enormous pride in the self-sufficiency and self-
respect that my career has afforded me. I now find myself
with a wonderful healthy new marriage with so much hope and
so many personal goals, many of which will undoubtedly never
be realized due to personal and professional obstacles. I
have always been able to maintain my optimism, even during
the most difficult challenges of my life, but my doubts as
to the survival of the only industry I have ever known are
increasing almost daily.
Mrs. Clinton, I have a beautiful step-daughter who is six
and want more than anything to start a family of my own.
Unfortunately, as I have no way to obtain health coverage to
cover a pregnancy, the financial concerns must outweigh that
desire for right now. I cannot tell you what a painful
realization that is. My insurance company does not provide
any significant maternity coverage, and even if I did chose
to purchase what little coverage is available, the premium
for the maternity benefit alone is $271.80 per month. My
present premium for my major medical coverage is only
$171.30 per month. Changing companies is not an option. I
recently underwent surgery which would prohibit me from
obtaining coverage with another carrier, due to the pre-
existence of this problem. Seven years ago, I suffered one
of the very few medical problems I have ever had. A doctor
in Florida diagnosed a TMJ problem and performed corrective
surgery using Vitek Proplast Implants. This past year, the
problem returned, much worse that it was manifested
originally. By this time, the implants, which had been
recalled by the F.D.A., had shattered and caused many other
problems. My only alternative was to have total bilateral
joint replacements in my jaws. I underwent over ten hours
of intense surgery and with the help of a wonderful
physician, have been blessed with a good recovery and
hopefully, a permanent one. Fortunately, I also have, what
I consider one of the few truly "good" insurance companies
still in existence. They were not only supportive and
helpful, but were very expedient about processing over
$60,000 worth of claims. The truly sad part of the entire
experience was seeing the bills which were submitted to the
hospital and paid by the insurance company. My hospital
bill alone was over $37,000, and I spent a total of two
nights in the hospital! This did not include the surgeons
bill, the anesthesiologist, or any other out-patient
expenses. I finally had a first hand look at a health
claim, from the prospective of both myself and the insurance
company. The costs for this medical care was exorbitant and
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001. letter
To Hillary Rodham Clinton from constituent re: health care (partial, p.
08/19/93
b(6)
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I found myself wondering how any company can survive while
attempting to meet these outrageous costs.
I do apologize for the long windedness of this letter, and
will now attempt to make my point. Mrs. Clinton, the
position you and your husband have taken on Healthcare
Reform is so primary to our survival and growth as a
country, and I am anxiously awaiting the outcome of the
discussions and plans presently surrounding this issue. We
have Insurance Companies who are controlled by people who
have very little actual regard for the policyholders who
keep them in business, yet have no choice but to keep
raising our premiums to cover the escalating costs of
healthcare. We have Healthcare Providers who think nothing
of charging exorbitant fees for services that most Americans
cannot afford, even with insurance benefits, and finally, we
have the American public whom, it would appear, must try to
survive in a Nation that cannot seem to look out for their
own.
In closing, I sincerely hope that you have the opportunity
to read this letter. I realize that I am telling you
nothing new, especially with the significant research that
has obviously been prepared on these issues, but I truly
believe that most Americans recognize the merit of proposed
change in this Administration, and I applaud you both for
the promise of hope that your time in Office brings to us
all. My best wishes to you as you meet the unique
challenges you are facing, on this and all other issues.
Sincerely,
[001]
(b)(6)
Hillary Rodham Clinton
08/30/93
The White House
Washington, D.C. 20500
Dear Mrs. Clinton,
My name is Jim Teyechea. I live in Nogales, Az. I am 44 years old. I have
an 18 year old son and a 13 year old daughter. My daughter's name is Liana. She
is the most special person in my life. My son is somewhat lost. Maybe he will
come around
maybe he won't. I am divorced like many people in this country. Un-
like most people, I have cancer. I suffer from Multiple Myeloma, cancer of the
red plasma cells. A lot of people refer to it as cancer of the bone marrow. It is
a fatal form of cancer as there is no cure for it. I probably will live less than
a year.
I am not writing you to tell you my life story or to ask for pity or anything
from you. I am writing you because I am so angry that I can no longer see straight.
You and your husband, whom I have lost all respect for, ought to be completely and
totally ashamed of yourselves. I know that I am. You and everyone else in that
ugly and terrible city that you call home are bought and paid for. I am writing to
you and not to your husband because I realize that anyone who has become president
of the United States cares for nothing other than his political career. What am I
so angry about? Too many things to count but I cannot tolerate your and Bill's
stance on NAFTA. I am sick and tired of hearing nothing but lies and propoganda
coming out of the White House and everywhere else in Washington, all of it pushing
for NAFTA. You are bought and paid for and President Clinton is bought and paid
for and none of you give a damn about me or my daughter or the lives that we are
living here on the border.
We are being slowly poisoned. We are being slowly murdered. And you and Bill
are pulling the trigger. Just as sure as if you were here doing it yourself, you
and him and the rest of the animals that are pushing NAFTA on us are killing us. And
you don't give a damn, do you! To you and the rest of your ilk, our lives are
valueless. You cheapen and demean our lives with your lies and your propoganda.
All you give a damn about is what serves your own interests or the interests of those
people or corporations that have paid for your services. Corporate profits and jobs
for Mexico
BULLSHIT!!!, Mrs. Clinton. Death for me and death for my daughter
and you don't even know what it is that you are doing.
In 1967, Mexico wanted more jobs SO they sold the U.S. the "maquiladora" program
and we on the Border have been dying ever since. Nogales' air is unbreathable
did you know that? Do you even give a damn? It is filled with ugly, black, noxious,
poisoned smoke! But there is a catch. It is invisible. You can't see it. We never
knew what was being done to us. We were sold a bill of goods. Our local chamberpot
of commerce, 25 years ago, told us that it was "clean industry" and that we would all
benefit from it. The only business that benefited was the local funeral parlor. In
fact, they did so well, that the owners were able to sell out to a large franchise
from Tucson for big money. VOC's, Mrs. Clinton. Do you know what they are? Volatile
organic compounds! They come from the solvents that are used at almost all of the 89
maquiladoras that are located in Nogales, Mexico. They are found at levels of up to
66,000 times the maximum contaminant level allowed by: the EPA here in the United
States and they are vented into the air. The prevailing winds then carry them northward
along the Nogales Wash and we breath them. Our parents, our brothers and sisters,
our cousins, our uncles and aunts, and worst of all, our children, Mrs. Clinton. We
breath all this poison in and we sicken and we die and nobody knows why. And nobody
cares, least of all you and Bill and the rest of your Pro-NAFTA goons. To you we
are dogmeat. To you our lives are nothing more than the cost of doing business. To
you, we are the "lambs" that will make the sacrifice for the "greater good". And
what makes it absolutely intolerable is that there isn't a damn thing that I can
do about it. Who is going to listen to me? My life is worth nothing to you and
your "establishment" so why should my words carry any value? I am angry, Mrs.
Clinton, and all your degrees and your fancy titles and all of the bullshit that
surrounds and fills your life is useless to you in hearing what I am telling you.
I am president of a group called L.I.F.E. here in Nogales. It stands for
Living Is For Everyone, Inc. We are a non-profit group that is investigating the
incredible rates of cancer and lupus that we have here in Nogales. We have only
19,500 people living here but we are getting around 40 new cases of cancer each
MONTH!!! That is around 500 new cancers per year! And the children suffer the
most. In the last two months we have had 3 more kids go down with leukemia. We
are the ones that are paying for the ignorance that is rampant in Washington, D.C.
We are the ones who are paying for the greed and the vice and the buy-offs and the
pay-offs and the fees that Washington charges for influence peddling to whomever
has the money to pay. I am paying with my life. And I live in terror that my
daughter will someday have to pay with hers.
I don't expect you to help. I don't even expect you to care what happens to
us. You have your own agenda and our lives don't even make yours or Bill's top 100
list. I am through deluding myself that my government or even my country gives a
damn about me or my family. But I want to try to make you hear. I want to try to
make you see. I am going to die and probably pretty soon. And the only thing that
I ask of you is to look at yourself in the mirror and read my letter to you while
you are looking into your own eyes. I want you to see that you and your husband
are selling this country a bill of goods and asking us on the Border to take a
blank check from Mexico that isn't even worth the paper that it is written on. I
want you to see how you have made corporate profit the main issue and the environmental
issues are simply "side" issues that unfortunately have to be dealt with. I want
you to see that you and Washington have turned my life and my daughter's life into
nothing more than a "side issue". How are you going to see this? You never will
but I have to try. Send Chelsea to Nogales, Mrs. Clinton. Enroll her in the Nogales
Public School System and let her go to school with my daughter. They would be great
friends, I guarantee you. Liana is charming, intelligent, and has a real grasp of
life for just being thirteen years old. She wants to become a doctor or a scientist
and her goal. is to go to Brazil and save the rain forests and the people living there.
Send us your daughter, Mrs. Clinton. Let her breathe the same air and take the
same risks that you and Bill are so blithely asking us to take. Feel the fear every-
time she gets sick and you are worried that it is more than a cold or just the
sniffles. Feel the sense of anguish when you tell your friend that it is just the
sniffles only to be told that their daughter has just been diagnosed with leukemia
or lupus. If you really believe all this crap that your husband and Mickey Kantor
and all the other "government representatives" are saying, then you will take the
risk, won't you?
No, Mrs. Clinton, you won't! And you know why you won't? Because you love
your daughter just as much as I love mine and you would never expose her to any risks
like we have here because of that love. And there is another reason too. Because I
care a lot more for your daughter than you do for mine. I would stop you from bringing
Chelsea here. I hate it when our children sicken and I abhor it when one of them is
diagnosed and I would save them all if I could. I would save my child, but I would
also save yours. Do not send her here even to visit, Mrs. Clinton. Nogales is not
a nice place to visit and it is a deadly place to Iive. And you and Bill and Carlos
Salinas de Gotari and going to make it even deadlier. I'm not looking for anything
from you except one thing. I want you to know what it is that you are Bill are doing.
I want you to understand that you are killing us. This place is our home. We will
die here
you just know what it is that you have done.
And know one other thing. Know that no matter what you and your husband
do or think or believe know that you are wrong. Our lives, the lives of all
the Americans living on the border are valuable and have great meaning. You can
destroy them and you can cause them to be lost and you can try to devalue and de-
mean them and you can physically succeed, but morally, ethically, and spiritually
you cannot do any of these things.
There are things that you must know. I am not going to try to fill you up
with statistics because you already have your own and you will use the ones that
suit your needs. But know this and know that I speak the truth. We have already
had NAFTA here in Nogales and all along the border. We have had our own mini-NAFTA
for the last 25 years. Listen to me! I went through the death certificates at the
local mortuary last October. I looked at around 1,000 death certificates going
back to 1986. Out of these 1,000, around 400 showed no cause of death whatsoever.
Of the remaining 600, 290 of them showed cancer either as the principal cause of
death or as a contributing factor to the death. Almost half, Mrs. Clinton!!!!
I did this! I saw this! This is real! In Nogales, Sonora around 40% of the
homes (if you can call them that) don't even have indoor plumbing or sewage facil-
ities of ANY type. When it rains, the raw sewage runs down the hills and gets
into our drainage and water system. Over one-half of the homes in Nogales Sonora
don't have running water. Most people are forced to store their water in 55 gallon
barrels or drums that were used by the maquilas to store their solvents in. Accord-
ing to the law, these drums are to be punctured and crushed so as to never be used
by humans in this manner, but the maquilas get between $20.00 to $25.00 for each
drum from the poor people. Over 60% of the population in Nogales, Sonora drinks
contaminated water. Do you want to hear about it? VOC's again, Mrs. Clinton.
Trichloroethene (TCE), tetrachlororethene (PCE), trichloroethane (TCA), and dichloro-
ethylane (DCA) are the primary ones. We find these mostly in the water. In the
air it is even worse. There we have benzene, ethylbenzene, toluene, xyelene, viny1
chloride, and poly chloroprene (Neoprene). In Nogales, Sonora we have verified
22 anencephaletic births. We have not been able to account for spina bifida or
Downs Syndrome or other neural tube defects because the Mexican government has put
a gag in everyone's mouth. They want NAFTA and frankly, my dear, they don't give
a damn (about anything else). We have no representative for SEDESOL (Mexico's EPA)
in Nogales, Sonora. He was hired away for more money by the maquilas.
Mexico just recently finished a study on neural tube birth defects within
their country. The results were to be expected. Cameron County, Texas has the
highest rate within the U.S @ 38 per 100,000. The Mexican report showed Nuevo
Laredo, on the Texas border, as the highest with 15.8 per 100,000. Next was Matamoros
across from Brownsville, in Cameron County, with 15.1 per 100,000. Third was .
Nogales, Sonora with 14.8 per 100,000. There is no doubt in my mind that these
figures were altered or doctored to make them look "not so bad". Add 38 to each
figure (Cameron County's rate) and you are probably looking at the real figure. The
point is that the three highest ranking cities in Mexico for neural tube birth
defects (environmentally caused) are right along the U.S./Mexico border where there
is the highest concentration of maquilas. And you and Bill want to open it up for
more? It is insane, Mrs. Clinton. For the love of God, open your eyes. You
wouldn't put your own daughter here. Why will you do this to our children?
Listen to this! ATSDR just released the Priority List of Hazardous Substances.
It contains the 217 worst or most dangerous hazardous substances related to human
health. The first five on the list are as follows: 1) lead; 2) Aresenic; 3) metallic
Mercury; 4) Viny1 Chloride; and 5) Benzene. We are in the news here in Nogales for
our high lead contents in both our air and our drinking water. We have suffered
through several aresenic spills on both sides of the border (none of them accidental).
We have consistently found Mercury as a trace metal in our washes. Our air is full
of viny1 chloride and benzene is the worst of our VOC's. Five out of five! How do
like that, Hillary? Again, I ask you
you wouldn't expose your own daughter
to this poison
Why do you and your husband feel that it is perfectly okay to ex-
pose our children to it? Worse than just condoning it, you and he actually support
it. You endorse it.
It is all about money. We have a real slob of a mayor here in Nogales, Mrs.
Clinton. His name is Jose Guadalupe Canchola and he is the biggest fraud in Arizona
since Charles Keating. He owns four McDonald's franchises and he supports NAFTA be-
cause his personal financial profile stands to grow substantially with the new fran-
chises that he will open when and if NAFTA goes through. He doesn't give a damn
about Nogales! All he cares about is himself. And it starts here with a short, fat
greedy mayor and it doesn't stop, does it? It goes all the way to Washington, D.C.
and all the way to the top. Where do we go for justice, Mrs. Clinton? Where do
we go to hear the truth? Where can we go to speak the truth? Who will listen?
Worse, who even cares anymore? I used to love this country. Now
I feel only
shame.
I do not apologize for anything that I have said in this letter. I do not
apologize for either my anger nor my language. I mean every word that I have written.
I feel only deep shame for a country that values money more than human life. And I
feel even deeper shame and utter contempt for the leaders of this country who propo-
gate and encourage the greed that is killing us. Live a long and prosperous life,
Mrs. Clinton. I wish you and your family, especially your child, good health for
as long as God allows it. Think about us often, will you? Think about my daughter
and how much I love that little girl. Think about the kids with leukemia, dying
and if they are lucky, only losing their childhood so that Carlos Salinas de Gotari
can put more people to work for $5.28 per day and you and Bill can go to your cock-
tail partys in your fancy clothes and tell each other what a wonderful thing you
have done for America. Think about me, Mrs. Clinton. I have been poisoned. I
have been murdered by the system that you support. I will never see my grandchildren.
I will never dance with my daughter at the Heart Fund Ball or at her wedding. I
have been robbed of my life for corporate profit. Think about me often, Mrs. Clinton.
I was a good man.
Jaime C. h.
Jaime C. Teyechea Jr.
P.O. Box 884
Nogales AZ 85628
(602) 287-7114
P.S. One last thing. Do you even know when Mexico passed its first ever environ-
mental law? This will drop you in your tracks. Mexico passed its FIRST EVER en-
vironmental law in 1988
just 5 years ago. The maquilas have been over there dump-
ing hazardous waste damn near anywhere they wanted for over 25 years. Do you have
even the vaguest idea of what a nightmare they have created just across the border?
Can you, in your wildest nightmares, imagine what they have done over there that is
yet to be seen? We haven't even touched the tip of the iceberg yet and you and Bill
want to completely open everything up. We don't even have roads, much less paved ones,
and you want to bring another 89 maquilas and another 100,000 people to Nogales, Sonora.
I wish God would give me a way to make you see what it is that you are doing. You are
blind and you are deaf! But you are sure going to please your buddy Charly Salinas.
Bully for you or as he will say to you, "Olè y 01è". Viva Mexico!
Tulane
Tulane Law School
WILLIAM A. LOVETT
Joseph Merrick Jones Hall
Joseph Merrick Jones Professor
Tulane University
of Law and Economics
New Orleans, Louisiana 70118-5670
Director, International Law,
(504) 865-5960
Trade, and Finance Program
FAX (504) 865-6748
September 3, 1993
Ms. Hillary Rodham Clinton
The First Lady - The White House
1600 Pennsylvania Avenue, N.W.
Washington, D.C. 20500
RE:
Update - Evaluation of NAFTA Side Agreements
and Dunkel Draft GATT Round Agreement
Dear Ms. Clinton:
NAFTA Side Agreements have been negotiated. But many believe they are rather weak, and there
is widespread public unease about U.S. trade policy. More important, however, and more dangerous, is
the proposed Dunkel draft GATT agreement.
Unfortunately, the Dunkel draft Uruguay GATT Round agreement is hardly being reported. Few
hearings have been held. There is a real danger that this deal could slip through Congress without any
significant improvement since December, 1992, and without careful review of its negative long-term
impact on U.S. manufacturing, imports, and exports.
I've taught through both trade deals and their full texts this spring in my International Trade and
Finance course. NAFTA entails serious trade risks for the U.S.; clearly NAFTA needed strengthening,
and U.S. Mexico trade flows will have to be carefully supervised to prevent excessive U.S. job flight,
serious de-industrialization, and major trade imbalances.
Few seem to appreciate, however, that the Dunkel draft GATT agreement would greatly weaken
U.S. ability to supervise and regulate our own trade flows. The combination of Dunkel draft GATT on top
of NAFTA would substantially aggravate U.S. trade and current account difficulties.
American needs to rejuvenate its industry, not weaken it. We need to eliminate, not aggravate,
excessive and damaging U.S. trade and current account deficits. And the U.S. badly needs to enlarge job
opportunities on a broad front, not to reduce them.
Enclosed are closely written summaries of the current trade issues. Please feel free to circulate
copies among your colleagues and the trade community.
William Best regards, Lovett
William A. Lovett
1
Op-Ed Piece
William A. Lovett, 1993*
A Better Way on Trade:
Move Away from GATT for a Fresh Start
It's time to change American trade policy. We've had
at least 15 years of increasingly unequal U.S. trade
relations, which helped erode our industrial base. For 12
years we've suffered greatly excessive U.S. trade and
current account deficits, totaling $-1,300 billion and
$-1,000 billion between 1981-93, respectively. We've
transformed the U.S. from the world's leading creditor
nation into the biggest debtor country, with an external
debt of $-750 billion. The U.S. has become the World
"Chump" of trade.
The basic U.S. trade problems are threefold:
(1) Unequal and asymmetrical open-ness; (2) Excessive
accumulated trade imbalances; and (3) Lack of careful
supervision for trade. The first problem, unequal U.S.
trade open-ness, began in the Cold War years. Americans
opened their markets up more than other nations as a
kindness to Europe, Japan, and many developing countries.
The slogan was "TRADE NOT AID" as a strategy to build up
allies and fight communism. Through successive GATT rounds
we largely eliminated U.S. international tariffs, subsidies,
and restrictions. But we didn't enforce comparable
reciprocity. Multinational companies increasingly adapted
to this environment, and began relocating more of their
manufacturing elsewhere. We've let things get out of hand.
The second problem, greatly excessive U.S. trade and
current account deficits, has been neglected for at least 10
years now. This structural problem was aggravated by a
decade of very large U.S. budget deficits, which led to
excessive borrowing from abroad, and some 7-8 years of
higher U.S. interest rates. But the underlying, and more
fundamental source of American budget deficits, was weaker
economic growth, a crippled industrial base, and an erosion
of competitiveness resulting from our trade policies.
Unfortunately, the $1,300 billion of recent U.S. trade
deficits, and the $1,000 billion of current account
deficits, have been very costly for Americans. Instead of
earning $20-30 billion net interest on capital from abroad
annually, we now pay $50-60 billion of net interest to
foreigners. We've lost at least 3-5 million American
manufacturing jobs, with reduced economic growth and
incomes. And in terms of exchange rates, the dollar is
*
Joseph Merrick Jones Professor of Law and Economics,
Tulane Law School, New Orleans, LA 70118 (504) 865-5960.
2
worth less, too. Thus, a dollar was worth 230 yen 10 years
ago. Today a dollar buys only 100-105 yen, and Japanese per
capita incomes are moving beyond American levels. Heavy and
sustained trade deficits have bad national consequences,
which should have been corrected for the U.S. years ago.
Third, Americans failed to supervise carefully our
trading flows with other nations. The best traders in the
world today, Japan, Switzerland, Taiwan, Singapore, and
Germany, don't make this mistake. They have learned from
harsh experience, and tough international competition around
the world. They count every year carefully, and try to
maximize gains. In many ways, the U.S. had it too easy in
the post-World War II era. We enjoyed too big a lead in
industry, technology, shipping, and incomes in 1945, when
most of our strongest competitors today had suffered very
heavily from the war.
But now Americans must learn from our best competitors
abroad. We should enforce equal trading conditions, and
promptly eliminate U.S. trade deficits.
Frankly, this requires that we get away from GATT as
the only significant guide for U.S. trade policy. For the
U.S. GATT has become an entrenched, asymmetrical trading
system with heavy advantages for most NIC's and developing
countries, and sizeable net advantages for Europe and Japan,
too. Other countries are allowed much more scope for
subsidizing their industries under GATT, which our federal
system and U.S. politics finds difficult to do. And other
countries have broad freedom to use marginal cost
discounting or dumping strategies in world trade, which
badly handicaps many U.S. manufacturing industries (like
steel, auto, machinery, electrical equipment, electronics,
etc.)
Sadly, the Dunkel draft Uruguay Round GATT agreement,
which the Bush administration virtually accepted in
December, 1992, doesn't really improve things. In fact, the
Dunkel draft substantially weakens U.S. ability to respond
and remedy foreign subsidies and dumping. In return, the
Dunkel draft offers only modest, and largely illusory
"market opening" opportunities for U.S. services, mainly in
the financial sector. But most other countries will not
turn over their banking and insurance to U.S. firms; they
will support their own instead. Recent slumps and
unemployment in Europe and Japan have made these trading
partners even tougher, with even less willingness to concede
markets or jobs.
So--What's the bottom line on the prospective Uruguay
GATT round deal now scheduled for December 15, 1993? The
U.S. would bind itself even more rigidly into the GATT
straight-jacket of unequal trade open-ness. This would
3
benefit multinational corporations, eager to entrench their
exports into the U.S. and guarantee their freedom to switch
more manufacturing into lower wage countries. But it will
guarantee continued U.S. economic stagnation, industrial
decline, job losses, with no real progress for the majority
of Americans.
NAFTA, combined with the Dunkel draft deal, only
compounds the economic and social problems of the U.S. More
deindustrialization would probably follow, with weaker U.S.
economic performance. There would be no improvement in U.S.
poverty, unemployment, drug abuse or criminality. While a
case could be made for a stronger NAFTA with closely
supervised U.S. trading flows, combined with a rejection of
the Dunkel draft GATT agreement, this does not seem to be
our current U.S. trade bargaining strategy under USTR Mickey
Kantor. No--sad to say, U.S. trade policy under the Clinton
administration seems to be NAFTA plus Dunkel draft, despite
widespread public unease and opposition from a strong
majority of Democrats in Congress.
This Clinton trade policy is a tragic misreading of
majority attitudes on U.S. industrial-trade policy. Sixty-
two percent of the electorate in November, 1992, supported
Clinton and Perot, both of whom campaigned on the need for a
stronger U.S. trade policy, and the importance of more jobs
for Americans. The uncritical acceptance by Clinton of the
Bush NAFTA (with only weak side agreements), and the Dunkel
draft GATT deal, clearly undercuts the trade strategy on
which Clinton, Gore, and Perot won a large majority vote in
last fall's presidential election. The American public
wanted and need a better deal for U.S. trade.
What makes better sense for U.S. trade policy? First,
our top priority should be the prompt elimination of U.S.
trade and current account deficits. Second, suspend further
negotiations on the GATT Dunkel draft agreement, insisting
upon much stronger U.S. latitude and remedies to offset
foreign subsidies, restrictions, discounting, and trade
surpluses. Third, insist upon a new era of effective
reciprocity for the U.S. and its trade partners.
The U.S. does have a responsibility of kindness and
somewhat greater open-ness to the poor nations of the globe.
But a better trade regime would be the following:
(a) 10 percent revenue tariffs on all goods from all
countries. This would allow low wage countries reasonable
access to the wealthier nations, but excessive disruptions
would be eased. The U.S. would gain as well another $50
billion or more in budget revenues, badly needed to offset
recently excessive U.S. budget deficits.
(b) 20 percent industrial development tariffs for selected
infant industries and rejuvenating industries. This would
promote economic development for NIC's and LDC's, but allow
4
mature industrial countries to prevent significant
industrial displacement.] (c) 30 percent penalty tariffs to
offset subsidies, restrictions, and discounting that injure
domestic industries. This would allow more effective and
prompt unfair trade practice remedies.
All countries could enjoy and utilize the same tariff
regime, and enforce reasonable trade reciprocity together.
National self-enforcement and reciprocity disciplines
would limit excessive and unwarranted protectionism.
Asymmetrical open-ness and unfair trading privileges would
be eliminated. This a better way for U.S. trade policy.
Let's get away from GATT, and drop the unequal open-ness of
the proposed Dunkel draft Uruguay Round deal.
NAFTA and a special Western hemisphere trading zone
still makes sense to offset the European Community bloc and
the emerging East Asia trading bloc. Tariffs could always
be lowered together among special friends, on a truly
reciprocal basis and simultaneously. But the U.S. should
discard, reject, and eliminate all trading arrangements that
are based upon asymmetrical trade open-ness, and
substantially unequal trade flows.
This new U.S. and global trade regime would still allow
and encourage large capital movements to developing
countries, and to sponsor infant industries. Technology
should still flow easily throughout the global marketplace.
And the common crafts and engineering skills of mankind
would be broadly shared among all peoples.
But the big difference between a new, fair, and uniform
tariff ladder of world commerce, and the existing
asymmetrical GATT regime, is that the U.S. would no longer
be locked into a system of self-destructing, industrial
implosion. The current GATT regime, based upon unequal
open-ness and a much richer U.S., that could once afford
such asymmetries for the sake of subsidizing economic
development and MNC's, is simply no longer sustainable. The
unequal GATT regime cannot last much longer. The U.S. must
learn to defend its own workers, industries, and national
economic interests. American need to restore full
employment and broadly shared prosperity, to renew the
traditional promise of American life, that hard work can
earn a good home and future.
1
Op Ed Piece
c William A. Lovett, 1993*
Clinton's Triple Challenge:
Jobs, Trade, and Deficits
The Clinton administration needs to solve three tough,
inter-related problems. Excess budget deficits must be phased
out. Excessive health care costs must be reduced, yet coverage
should be extended to the 10-20 percent not adequately covered
now. And, overall economic growth should be restored to the
post-World War II average; 10-15 million new jobs are needed for
the remainder of this decade.
Unfortunately, a misguided and weak U.S. industrial-trade
policy could undermine Clinton's good intentions. The issue is
not simply NAFTA; the problem is how to upgrade U.S. industry,
expand jobs, and get back a fair share of world markets.
On deficit reduction Clinton earns a B or B+ so far. His
significant tax increases (mostly on the well-to-do) approach the
limit of tolerability, but entitlement spending growth (pensions,
social security, and medicare) continues to outpace real per
capita GDP. Therefore, more spending discipline is needed, many
agree, but at least Congress made a substantial start in 1993.
If interest rates remain low and economic growth picks up,
further fiscal discipline will be easier.
For health care overhaul Clinton is proposing a mix of
broader coverage, payroll taxes, and cost containment. Only
limited additional tax burdens are feasible, however, which
requires a more imaginative breakthrough to cut health care
costs. Unfortunately, our medical establishments probably will
resist, and the outcome is in doubt. Nonetheless, Clinton seems
to understand this challenge, and the necessity of health care
cost control -- both for the sake of long-run budget discipline
and economic growth prospects.
On jobs and industrial rejuvenation, a solid public majority
favors stronger trade policy, and wants America to defend its own
interests more effectively. NAFTA makes many uneasy; the
Supplementary Side Agreements worked out by Clinton trade experts
are relatively weak. Only modest remedies for import surges or
environmental parity are provided, with much lower wages and
limited environmental protection in Mexico. Whether a "giant
sucking sound" of jobs flows South will depend upon the
supervision and enforcement of U.S. trade laws. Labor and
*
Joseph Merrick Jones Professor of Law and Economics, Tulane
Law School, New Orleans, LA 70118 (504) 865-5960.
2
environmental interests mistrust Clinton's commitment in this
area.
This leaves the current Uruguay GATT Round negotiations,
scheduled for completion by Mid-December, 1993, as a crucial wild
card. If the proposed Dunkel draft GATT agreement, virtually
accepted by the Bush administration in December, 1992 were
accepted by the Clinton administration, this would permanently
lock the U.S. into unequal trade open-ness. U.S. manufacturing
industries and domestic employment would be seriously weakened.
The combination of a Dunkel draft GATT deal and NAFTA would
largely destroy U.S. ability to supervise its trade flows.
Continued American deindustrialization would follow without
enough offset in the service sectors.
On the other hand, if the U.S. rejected promptly the Dunkel
draft GATT agreement this fall, and we enforced a much stronger,
equal trade flow relationship with Japan, Europe, and developing
countries generally, then NAFTA could be accepted as part of a
useful strengthening of special trade-investment ties with Latin
America. In fact, a respectable argument can be made that the
U.S. should up-grade Western Hemisphere trade-investment
relations as a logical offset to European Unification trends, and
the increasing emergence of a very powerful East Asia bloc based
upon Japan and China.
But Congress is being asked to vote on NAFTA before the
Clinton administration discloses its detailed deal on the pending
Uruguay GATT Round deal. Frankly, it looks like NAFTA could be a
stalking horse, drawing most of the labor-U.S. manufacturing
criticism and flak, meanwhile the Dunkel draft GATT agreement
sneaks through with minimal attention and hardly any serious
debate. Thus, those interests favoring a unilateral U.S. free
trade policy, and opposed to any serious industrial revival
effort, will triumph. U.S. markets would become irreparably
open, without effective reciprocity.
From the standpoint of American manufacturing, labor, and
job prospects, the entrenchment of a unilateral U. S. trade open-
ness policy through the Dunkel draft agreement would be a
national blunder. The Clinton administration would condemn
itself to economic failure, i.e., relative economic stagnation
and minimal growth in jobs. Even if the Clinton era should
succeed on the macro-economic front, with improved budget
discipline over 5 years, and health care costs are contained, a
naive and unrealistic, unilateral free trade policy would largely
undercut job growth potential.
No -- if Congress wants the Clinton administration to
succeed, it must help force an end to self-destructive,
unilateral U.S. free trade policies. The best vote for Congress
on NAFTA will be to delay for at least another 6 months. Then we
should scuttle the Dunkel draft unilateral free trade agreement,
3
and help the Clinton administration enforce a tougher trade
policy, implement systematic industrial rejuvenation, and achieve
large scale job growth.
The most important social problems in America, increased
unemployment, widespread poverty, spreading crime and drug abuse,
are rooted in a weakened U.S. economic base. If America had kept
up the economic growth rates of 1945-73, and continued to create
large numbers of good new jobs, our tragic social problems could
have been alleviated, and steadily minimized. But instead,
through tragic shortsightedness, America neglected its industrial
and job base. U.S. imports grew to excess, and a lot of our
manufacturing moved abroad.
The U.S. accumulated $1,400 billion of trade deficits
between 1980-93, and at least $1,000 billion of current account
deficits. We went from the leading creditor nation in the early
1980's to the largest debtor nation with around -$750 billion in
net external debts according to some reasonable estimates. For a
great industrial nation and leader of the free world, this was
truly gross negligence in macro-economic policy.
Unlike Japan, parts of Europe, and many NIC's, which kept
healthy manufacturing, increased their exports, and invested
their capital more wisely, the Americans went on a binge of
borrowing (public and private), and simply wasted a great deal of
their borrowed investment potential. The most heartbreaking
aspect of this neglect is that so few responsible American
economists and business leaders really objected.
But we can't afford this blind irresponsibility any longer.
Americans must have a stronger trade policy. Now we need to
rejuvenate American industry and jobs. We should defer NAFTA,
negotiate stronger side agreements, and enforce balanced trade
flows with our significant trade partners. The Dunkel draft
Uruguay GATT Round agreement should be repudiated. We need to
move on promptly to a stronger U.S. trade policy based upon
systematic industrial revival, with the goal of full employment
in the U.S. by the year 2000.
THE WHITE HOUSE
WASHINGTON
September 23, 1993
Mr. John Doe
123 First Street
Little Rock, Arkansas 12345-4444
Dear Mr. Doe:
Thank you for writing to Hillary to share your concerns
about the North American Free Trade Agreement. America's economic
growth depends as never before on increasing exports and opening
up new markets overseas. My administration is working to
increase trading opportunities for all U.S. goods and services.
I believe America will benefit greatly from a comprehensive
NAFTA agreement. NAFTA will boost economic growth throughout
North America by substantially reducing and ultimately
eliminating barriers to trade between the U.S., Mexico and
Canada. Canada and Mexico are already America's first and third
largest trading partners. In 1992, the United States shipped
more than $40 billion worth of goods to Mexico, 22 percent higher
than the year before. NAFTA will further this trend by expanding
economic opportunities and creating high-paying, high-skill jobs
for America and our neighbors.
In order to serve the best interests of the American people,
a comprehensive NAFTA package must include effective measures
that safeguard our workers and our environment. My administ-
ration has negotiated crucial side agreements to NAFTA with
Mexico and Canada in order to raise standards where they are
deficient, improve the U.S.-Mexico border environment, strengthen
national enforcement of national laws, and establish two,
independent three-country commissions on labor and the
environment. With these crucial elements, NAFTA will contribute
to the competitiveness of our companies and our farmers, while
elevating quality of life and promoting prosperity throughout
North America.
Thank you again for sharing your views about the NAFTA
proposal.
Sincerely,
Bill Clinton
THE WHITE HOUSE
washington
Thank you for sharing your concerns with me on the North
American Free Trade Agreement. America's economic growth depends
as never before on increasing exports and opening up new markets
overseas. My Administration is working to increase trading
opportunities for all U.S. goods and services.
I believe America will benefit greatly from a comprehensive
NAFTA agreement. NAFTA will boost economic growth throughout North
America by substantially reducing and, ultimately, eliminating
barriers to trade between the U.S., Mexico, and Canada. Canada and
Mexico are already America's first and third largest trading
partners. In 1992, the United States shipped more than $40 billion
worth of goods to Mexico, 22 percent higher than the year before.
NAFTA will further this trend by expanding economic opportunities and
creating high-paying, high-skill jobs for America and our neighbors.
In order to serve the best interests of the American people,
a comprehensive NAFTA package must include effective measures that
safeguard our workers and our environment. My Administration has
negotiated crucial side agreements to NAFTA with Mexico and Canada
in order to raise standards where they are deficient, improve the
U.S.-Mexico border environment, strengthen national enforcement of
national laws, and establish two, independent three-country
commissions on labor and the environment. With these crucial
elements, NAFTA will contribute to the competitiveness of our
companies and our farmers, while elevating quality of life and
promoting prosperity throughout North America.
Sincerely,
Bill Clinton
Carl Schurz Elementary School
New Braunfels Independent School District
School SINCE 1845
633 W. Cull New Braunfels, Tx 78130
(210) 625-7361
Dr. Jane MacDonald
Principal
September 7, 1993
Dear Ms. Clinton,
On behalf of 488 bibliophiles at Carl Schurz Elementary,
we want you to know that your actions during vacationing on
Martha's Vineyard have been closely watched.
As a new librarian, I was SO excited because you fit into
my first lesson plan. As I was sharing my love for books to
my students, they weren't all that impressed with my bibliophilia,
but when I mentioned that Ms. Clinton went shopping on vacation
and bought, not fine jewelry or expensive clothes, but, books,
you should have seen the excitement! Then when I told them about
your stroll with Styron while the President and Chelsea went
horseback riding, they were totally enthralled. When I said
that I bet Ms. Clinton was a bibliophile, they wondered if you
knew what that meant. I assured them that you did, but the next
question from them was, "Do you know what books she bought?"
I said that I had no idea, but that I would write and ask. If
you feel comfortable sharing one or more titles, you would really
excite a bunch of fledgling bibliophiles and one slightly aging
bibliomaniac!
On a personal level, I want you to know that I was not in
your corner during the elections, but you have won me over, and
oddly enough, after reading about your life in the various periodicals,
I now feel a real kinship to you. Thank you for being the type
of woman most of us wish we could be, and thanks for being such
a positive role model for our children.
Most sincerely,
Koria Kalach
Gloria Kolacek, Librarian
THE WHITE HOUSE
WASHINGTON
September 27, 1993
Ms. Gloria Kolacek
Librarian
New Braunfels Independent School District
Carl Schurz Elementary School
633 W. Coll
New Braunfels, Texas 78130
Dear Ms. Kolacek:
Thank you for your thoughtful letter. I am pleased
and honored that you included me as an example in your
first lesson to your students about the importance of
reading.
I commend your efforts to instill a love of books in
the children you teach. Your method of trying to excite
young people about reading by showing them examples of
adults, who are "bibliophiles" is a unique way to interest
them in an activity which will enrich them throughout their
lifetimes.
I would also like to thank you for your personal
support. It is gratifying to know that people like you,
who are directly involved in educating our nation's
children, are supportive of my efforts. My hope is that you
are also supporting the administration, as President
Clinton is committed to improving the country's system of
education.
I have included a letter for your students. Thank you
again for writing to me and for your efforts to encourage
your class of "bibliophiles."
Sincerely yours,
Clinton
Hillary Rodham Clinton
THE WHITE HOUSE
WASHINGTON
September 28, 1993
Ms. Gloria Kolacek
Librarian
New Braunfels Independent School District
Carl Schurz Elementary School
633 W. Coll
New Braunfels, Texas 78130
Dear Students:
Your Librarian, Miss Gloria Kolacek, has written to me
about your class. In her letter, she referred to me as a
"bibliophile". The dictionary describes a bibliophile as
someone who loves books, and that is an accurate
description of me.
I enjoy reading and collecting books. I encourage all
of you to read as often as possible. Reading helps us to
learn so much about our world. Books give us the
opportunity to learn about people, places, and ideas which
we might never otherwise encounter.
I hope that you all enjoy the rest of the school year
and that you will continue to read as much as you can both
in school and at home.
Sincerely yours,
Clinton
Hillary Rodham Clinton
1202 S. Delaware Street
San Mateo, CA 94402
(415) 345-2914
September 8, 1993
Ms. Hilary Clinton
The White House
1600 Pennsylvania Ave, NW
Washington, DC 20503
Dear Ms. Clinton:
If you're anything at all like me, you probably hate those letters
that start out full of complements and ingratiating statements and
then end with the request of a favor. They always make me wonder
if the beginning was sincere, or whether it was just a means to an
end.
Please believe my sincerity when I briefly tell you what an impact
both you and your husband have had on my life. I came here ten
years ago from the north of England and have since felt that I
belonged in neither place, but I was so impressed by both your and
President Clinton's sincerity during the campaign that I filed for
U.S. Citizenship.
I can't really explain why, without reams of paper, that you and
your husband have renewed my spirit. I want to be a citizen so I
can help keep President Clinton in The White House for a second
term. He made promises during his campaign just as all politicians
do, the wonderful thing is, he's keeping them. But you have been
a personal inspiration to me.
After years of toying with the idea of returning to school, you
gave me the faith in myself, as a woman, to do it. I am now in my
junior year at San Francisco State University and I then intend to
go on to law school. And, while I may be the oldest graduating
lawyer in U.S. history, I'm going to finish it.
I am taking a women's studies course and I would like to share with
my class any discrimination you may have encountered because you
are a woman, either while you were in law school or afterwards
during your employment. How do you think female lawyers have
impacted the American Justice System, and what would you change?
I realize you get thousands of letters to which you cannot respond
and that you may not even get to read this. And, if that is the
case, I hope someone on your staff will convey this message, which
comes from the bottom of my heart, thank you.
Channeen Maureen Garrett
Sincerely, Marvett
THE WHITE HOUSE
WASHINGTON
September 27, 1993
Ms. Maureen Garrett
1202 S. Deleware Street
San Mateo, California 94402
Dear Ms. Garrett:
Thank you for your thoughtful and compelling letter.
I am honored that the President and I have been a source of
encouragement for you.
Your dedication and hard work in pursuing a career in
the law is to be commended. You should be very proud of
all you have achieved and I wish you continued success as
you complete your undergraduate studies and enter law
school. The fact that you have chosen to enter law school
at a later age than most students is a wonderful reminder
for all of us that furthering our education is a goal we
can pursue throughout our lives.
There are probably few women in this country who have
not experienced discrimination at some level at some time
in their lives. We should not, however, let this deter us
from our objectives. President Clinton is working hard to
improve opportunities for women in this country. The help
of women like you who can inspire others to achieve their
goals is invaluable to the President as he addresses the
problems facing women today.
Thank you again for writing and sharing your personal
story with me.
Sincerely yours,
Clinton
Hillary Rodham Clinton
Gene & Sandy Saunders
1090 Redbird Avenue
Miami Springs, FI 33166
(305) 885-1007
September 7, 1993
MRS. HILLARY RODHAM CLINTON
THE WHITE HOUSE
PENNSYLVANIA AVENUE
WASHINGTON, DC
Dear Mrs. Clinton:
I want to thank you for giving my husband your autograph for me. I wanted to
have it for several reasons. First, I really admire what you are doing for women in
general, being the first First Lady since Eleanor Roosevelt to have any authority and
power to do something of real significance in the administration. We also admire your
husband for giving you that power and having faith in your abilities to perform those
tasks, especially the Health Care Reform in which you are involved.
Secondly, I work at Jackson Memorial Hospital and happen to have an office
next to Dr. Frederick Schild, who has mentioned to me that he has had meetings with you
in the White House concerning the Health Care Reform. I know he admires what you are
doing as well, and the fact that you chose him to be on that committee makes me feel
proud to know him as well.
Finally, my husband and I attended the Sunday evening Democratic Welcome
Reception at the Fountainbleau and were so very proud to have seen you and your
husband and heard you both speak. Then, when my husband had the honor of being
on the preparation crew (AFL-CIO member of Plumbers Local 519 who helped cordon off
the area) for your Caribbean West Cutler Ridge visit, he was ecstatic. He feels very
proud to have helped out in a small way, and he feels that the efforts of he and his fellow
union members last year (hanging political signs etc.) made a difference in winning
South Florida for Clinton.
Again, thank you for giving my husband your autograph, you make us feel proud
to be Democrats again. We both hope that your husband's efforts in Washington will
help bring the middle class back to life and the United States back to power. "In God we
Trust", I remember when
!
Sincerely,
Sandy Saunders
Sandy Saunders
/ S
97 Kimberly Place
New Canaan, CT 06840
August 27, 1993
Ms. Hillary Rodham Clinton
The White House
Washington, DC
Dear Ms. Rodham Clinton:
Thank you S0 much for autographing Alex Quesada's 'cowboy' picture of you. My
husband, Rick Boeth, who is a picture editor at TIME, was anxious to find the
perfect surprise to cheer me up after months of back-to-back business trips. He
couldn't have done better. I was thrilled, and you have the place of highest honor at
the base of our staircase. Thankfully, this is not a man who relies on roses.
When (and since) you and your husband were elected, I have felt renewed hope for
the future of women in this country. I work in management consulting, a modern,
seemingly enlightened profession strangely dominated by machismo. Your
confidence, intelligence and clear vision have been an inspiration to me as I work to
achieve great things in my own career and for all women in the workplace.
Now, as I descend the stairs each morning, your cowboy hat and invitation to 'saddle
up' remind me of my own capacity to contribute and lead. I feel more empowered all
day.
I hope you had a relaxing vacation, what with all those TIME photographers lurking
around!
Sincerely,
CateBooth
Cate Boeth
Dear Ms. carner.
This has reference to the request 7 mode last may
regarding Dr. DENNIS P. DE GUZMAN'S entry to the us.
on whalf of my family. I month his to thank you
for making my orothers trip possible.
your efforts in providing me with in formation
will be highly aggresiated till the end of time.
Again, one sincere thanks
marin P. de Gutman
Erd: Photostatic copies from
his passport.
Withdrawal/Redaction Marker
Clinton Library
DOCUMENT NO.
SUBJECT/TITLE
DATE
RESTRICTION
AND TYPE
002. passport
Re: Dennie P. DeGuzman (3 pages)
n.d.
b(6)
COLLECTION:
Clinton Presidential Records
First Lady's Office
Maggie Williams (Subject Files)
OA/Box Number: 4106
FOLDER TITLE:
Margaret A. Williams [Folder 2]
2013-0359-S
ry1420
RESTRICTION CODES
Presidential Records Act - [44 U.S.C. 2204(a)]
Freedom of Information Act - 15 U.S.C. 552(b)]
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b(1) National security classified information [(b)(1) of the FOIA]
P2 Relating to the appointment to Federal office |(a)(2) of the PRA]
b(2) Release would disclose internal personnel rules and practices of
P3 Release would violate a Federal statute [(a)(3) of the PRA|
an agency |(b)(2) of the FOIA]
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financial information |(a)(4) of the PRA
b(4) Release would disclose trade secrets or confidential or financial
P5 Release would disclose confidential advice between the President
information [(b)(4) of the FOIA]
and his advisors, or between such advisors [a)(5) of the PRA|
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P6 Release would constitute a clearly unwarranted invasion of
personal privacy [(b)(6) of the FOIA]
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purposes [(b)(7) of the FOIA]
C. Closed in accordance with restrictions contained in donor's deed
b(8) Release would disclose information concerning the regulation of
of gift.
financial institutions |(b)(8) of the FOIA]
PRM. Personal record misfile defined in accordance with 44 U.S.C.
b(9) Release would disclose geological or geophysical information
2201(3).
concerning wells [(b)(9) of the FOIA]
RR. Document will be reviewed upon request.
3867 North 68th Street
Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53216
August 20, 1993
Dear Mrs. Clinton,
I think that it 's wonderful the way you are standing up for women. I 'm hardly a
woman, I am only eleven years old. But when I become a woman, I plan to run for the
presidency. I want to be the first Black woman president in the United States of America. Not
only because I will go down in history, but because I have a great budget plan for the U.S.
You are one of the women that I look up to. You don't sit around in the White House
talking about what should be done, but you go out and help your husband do it. I disagree
with all the jokes being made about you. The people who make them up are probably the ones
who are complaining about the world instead of helping to improve it.
Thank you for making '93 "The Year Of The Woman".
Sincerely,
Marie Carter
Marie N. Carter
THE WHITE HOUSE
WASHINGTON
September 27, 1993
Miss Marie Carter
3867 North 68th Street
Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53216
Dear Marie:
Thank you for writing to me and expressing your
support. I am honored that you feel I am a role model for
you. It is important that women support each other in the
choices they make concerning their careers. Whether she
decides to pursue a profession, or to stay at home and
raise her children, each woman has a right to make the
decision that is best for her and to be respected for her
contributions.
In your letter you state that you want to run for
President someday. I think that is an admirable goal for
you to have and one which you should pursue if you feel the
same way when you are older. Involvement in community
activities now could be a wonderful way to help others and
learn first-hand how government and politics works.
I want you to know that whatever you decide to do with
your life, if you follow your own expectations for yourself
and not what others think you should do, you will be a
success.
Thank you again for writing and I wish you much
happiness and personal satisfaction now and in your future.
Sincerely yours,
Rodham Clinton
Hillary Rodham Clinton