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The Associated Press The materials in the AP file were compiled by The Associated Press. These materials may not be republished without the express written consent of The Associated Press. May 16, 1979, Wednesday, PM cycle SECTION: Washington Dateline LENGTH: 330 words BYLINE: By JANET STAIHAR, Associated Press Writer DATELINE: WASHINGTON KEYWORD: Mental Health BODY: Congress is turning a sympathetic ear to President Carter's new multi-million dollar proposal to improve the nation's mental health care services. Sen. Edward M. Kennedy, D-Mass., said he welcome the legislation and his Human Resources health subcommittee will begin hearings May 24. The chairman of the House Commerce health subcommittee, Henry A. Waxman, D-Calif., is also planning hearings. Kennedy said in a statement that, while "it is hard to predict if the bill will pass this year, I will do everything to make that possible." Waxman said he thinks the proposal will receive a "sympathetic" hearing in his subcommittee, but he still wants to look closely at the specific recommendatons. Both Kennedy and Waxman praised first lady Rosalynn Carter, at her husband's side as the proposal was announced Tuesday, for her efforts in promoting mental health care advances. She is expected to be the administration's chief lobbyist on Capitol Hill for the measure. In announcing the bill, Carter said 20 million to 32 million Americans will need some form of mental halth services, and that "substantial numbers of Americans" do not have access to high quality care at reasonable cost. Health, Education and Welfare Secretary Joseph A. Califano Jr., said the bill's main aims are to: Improve services for the 1.5 million chronically mentally ill, moving as many as possible from large institutions to small community facilities. Grant money to link mental health programs to the health care system as a whole. Califano said 54 percent of those who seek help for mental problems go to general health practititoners. Improve services for the poor, minorities and many in rural areas. Califano said that although the bill would cost $99.1 million the first year, spending would increase only about $70 million because other, unrelated mental health programs have been consolidated and their budgets reduced. Copyright (c) 1979 The Washington Post February 8, 1979, Thursday, Final Edition SECTION: First Section; A2 LENGTH: 630 words HEADLINE: A First Lady's Quiet Plea on the Hill BYLINE: By Victor Cohn, Washington Post Staff Writer BODY: Testifying on behalf of millions who could use emotional help, Rosalynn Carter quietly told a Senate subcommittee yesterday: "Everybody has a mental problem." "All of us," said the First Lady, who has seen her own family touched by marital discord, can be affected by emotional upsets as the result of "marital problems unemployment drug abuse" or other events. And asked by Sen. Claiborne Pell (D-R.I.) if she thinks Americans today face more stresses than they once did, she said: "I'm sure there are stresses. I'm sure that my children have more things to contend with than I had." With her comments, the First Lady thus followed her own advice to "people who have had a mental health problem" to "speak out, " because it helps other people with problems feel "it's all right," rather than feel a shameful stigma. Her son Chip and daughter-in-law Caron announced last November that they were separating and Mrs. Carter had said little about her feelings until yesterday's admissions. Making the first appearance by a First Lady before a congressional body since Eleanor Roosevelt, Mrs. Carter spoke softly and feelingly for the emotionally ill she herself has seen and touched in her years working for them -- and in harder and louder tones on the need for more money to attack the problem. Senate health subcommittee Chairman Edward M. Kennedy, agreeing fully with her aims, said that federal "funding for basic research has grown impressively" since the early 1960s. It was then, the Massachusetts Democrat noted, that his brother, President John F. Kennedy, "called attention to the non-system of mental health care." "I have to take issue with you, Senator," on dollars for research and prevention, Mrs. Carter replied. Unitl 1967, she said, research funds did increase, but since then they have been cut in half in real dollars by inflation. Then she argued for the recommendations of the President's Commission on Mental Health, of which she was de facto head. She also gave the subcommittee a statement strongly defending the additional monies allotted mental health in her husband's otherwise austere fiscal 1980 budget, which either cuts or holds level most other health programs. Mental health programs would get $633 million in 1980, up $59 million or 10.2 percent, from the 1979 figure. With money already added to the 1979 budget, "this will make a total of more than $100 million in new funds as a result" of the influence of Mrs. Carter's commission, a federal health official reported. No senator asked her how she felt about mental health getting one of the few sizeable increases among all federal programs. But she said in her prepared statement, in a part she did not read or touch on: "People often ask me how I justify pressing for more funds for mental health when there are so many problems facing the nation. It is easy for me to remind them that our mental health problems are serious -- and that we have endured years of neglect of the mentally ill -- and that no other problem facing society touches so many families or leaves them so vulnerable." Among the mental health commission's 117 recommendations, she saw three "main priorities": Broadening the national network of community mental health centers -- local treatment units -- into a "community mental health system" with more capacity to help underserved populations. This includes the chronically ill who are too often "dumped" out of mental hospitals into communities unprepared to support them. Developing new ways to finance mental care, including private and public insurance coverage. Research into the still too little understood causes of mental illness and retardation, and possible treatments. GRAPHIC: Picture 1 & 2, Kennedy escorts Mrs. Carter to subcommittee hearing, where she said that "all of us" can be affected by emotional upsets. By James K. W. Atherton -- The Washington Post Copyright (c) 1979 The Washington Post February 2, 1979, Friday, Final Edition SECTION: First Section; On Capitol Hill; A4 LENGTH: 80 words BYLINE: Richard L. Lyons BODY: The first trip to Capitol Hill by a First Lady as a witness in nearly 40 years will be taken by Rosalynn Carter Wednesday when she testifies before Sen. Edward M. Kennedy's (D-Mass.) health subcommittee in support of increased appropriations for federal mental health programs. Eleanor Roosevelt testified on "Interstate Migration of Destitute Citizens" (Okies) in 1940 and two years later on the migration of people to work in war plants. Copyright 1979 The New York Times Company: Abstracts The New York Times BYLINE: BY MARJORIE HUNTER SECTION: Page 1, Column 4 DATE: February 8, 1979, Thursday ABSTRACT: Rosalynn Carter, as honorary chmn of President's Council on Mental Health, pleads for mentally ill in testimony before Senate Health and Scientific Research subcommittee. Mrs Carter's appearance is first by President's wife at committee hearing since Eleanor Roosevelt in '40's. Subcommittee chmn Sen Edward M Kennedy praises Mrs Carter's testimony. Mrs Carter calls efforts to 'remove the stigma' of mental illness a major goal. Concedes that '80 budget has less mental health outlays than commission had requested. Urges that national mental health insurance program, if adopted, should include mental health care, but declines to debate proposals for such broad insurance. Rosalynn Carter photo (M). SUBJECT: 308; ADVISORY BODIES; BUDGET; HEALTH INSURANCE; INSURANCE; MENTAL HEALTH AND DISORDERS; GOVERNMENT EXPENDITURES ORGANIZATION: SENATE SUBCOMMITTEE ON HEALTH AND SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH (HUMAN RESOUR; CONGRESS (RELATIONS WITH EXECUTIVE BRANCH) ; EXECUTIVE-CONGRESSIONAL RELATIONS; CONGRESSIONAL-EXECUTIVE RELATIONS; CONGRESSIONAL-PRESIDENTIAL RELATIONS; PRESIDENTIAL-CONGRESSIONAL RELATIONS NAME: CARTER, JIMMY (PRES) ; KENNEDY, EDWARD M (SEN) ; ROOSEVELT, FRANKLIN DELANO (MRS) (1884-1962); CARTER, JIMMY (MRS) ; CARTER, ROSALYNN GEOPRAPHIC: UNITED STATES GRAPHIC: Illustrations: Photograph LENGTH: 119 words C2 THE NEW YORK TIMES, THURSDAY, NOVEMBER 30, 1978 Hers Abigail McCarthy P EOPLE seem to be puzzled by Rosalynn Carter. I grant that, if you follow her activi- ties in press and media, there seem to be two Rosalynns. In the past few days we have read and heard of. the First Lady much in the mold of her predecessors. She is going on a cross-country tour to highlight volunteer efforts in urban areas; she has written an article in a current woman's pub- lication saying, among other things, that without volunteers, "we'd be a nation without a soul." She has been a gracious White House hostess to the King of Morocco. She has been on television, poised and pretty, faultlessly fending off loaded questions about the religious cults. But there is the other Rosalynn Carter, who seems to exercise more power than any First Lady has ever had before She attends Cabinet meetings. She has visited heads of state and discussed substantive issues with foreign ministers as her husband's repre- sentative. She takes strong stands - publicly - in defense of Administration policies, at one time ad- monishing the press, at another urging an audience to boycott industries which fail to follow the Presi- dent's guidelines to fight inflation. People she has been thought to find disloyal have disappeared from staff. And she takes surprising initiative. It was her idea. 1 one national correspondent when he asked W. : President was inviting influential members of the press to a series of informal. off-the-record din- ners. "I was amazed at the candor of the discussion over dinner." said one senior reporter. "and now that you mention it. yes. she did join in not assertively because she's ladylike. you know but strongly. and Montageby Michelle Horwitz on the most sensitive policy issues.' For some reason people seem to find the Idea of this second Rosalynn surprising. I don't really see why. She seems to me very much the Rosalynn she Rosalynn Carter is a product of a promised to be during her husband's Presidential campaign: And she seems true to the strong strain in American culture which produced her. strong strain in American culture I first met Rosalynn Carter in 1976. when one of my editors thought it would be Interesting if I had a series of "conversations with" the wives of the candi- dates running in the primaries. It was during the New Hampshire primary that we met at La Guardia which Rosalynn Carter sprang. "Sometimes," a whelming extended family in a narrow community Airport for breakfast and a long talk before we had to character in that novel said, "I think we always live - she quite naturally went to work at her husband's catch noon planes sHe to Atlanta, I to Washington. where we're born. This I think is true of the Carters, side in the family business. She also fostered his It struck me then that there were two things different and especially of Rosalynn. She is of the rural small- ambition. because it was hers too - and the convic- about her. She campaigned alone in areas where her town South, a South poor too much of its history. a tion that theirs was a destiny outside Plains. husband was yet to go "to make him known. I talk South of hardworking people welded together by a In that environment Rosalynn became a very pri- issues," she said. "Jimmy trusts me absolutely for kind of cultural isolation, forged in character by a vate person, I think, inwardly keeping herself to her that. (Evidently he still does.) Bible Christianity of personal morality. a South in self. In a place where "everyone knows you" privacy The other was that she had a working wife's con- which people are very clear about their identity. The and reserve are maintained by a charm of manner cept of the women's movement. Others had said Vein of Iron is what binds a family together and to its extended to everyone, but intimacy is kept for the "equal pay for equal work": she said it thinking of forebears - the power to do what she deems neces- very few. Jimmy Carter is sometimes effusive and Southern women leaving factories in the early mom- sary for her own. unguarded; Rosalynn. never. Her eye and her heart ing to face a day of taking care of families after Her gentleness of manner. combined with assur- are single. She knows her goal: she centers on her working all night. But she was uncomprehending ance and determination. are characteristic of the husband's welfare. If there is a dark side to that, it about the feminists who stress personal fulfillment. I breed of women who helped defeated men rebuild a lies in its intensity. She has a sonse of reality rooted think she still is the concept is foreign to her. region. Hers is a South "where everybody knows in the concrete. alert to dangers, attuned to her hus- "I had one like that the other day." she said to me you" and where women - liberated from the more band's needs. When he was plunged into depression of such a feminist. "She couldn't understand how I confining aspect of household and child care either by an electoral defeat. his sister, Ruth. brought him could do this for a man.you know - all this work and by close-knit families or domestic help - are tradi- religious experience, but Rosalynn gave him Amy I was not the candidate myself! There'll be plenty of tionally full participants in family business and com- Her security lies in the life they have shared and in of inities for me and I'll have my Identity if munity projects. It is not a many-layered society. the patriarcha) Christianity that sustains their mar- Ji is President." Life revolves around the family and the church. riage. When I started to puzzle about the strength and She knows her value like the virtuous woman of the subdued passion of Rosalynn Carter which troubles Old Testament who sets her hand to strong things so people today, I was reminded of Ellen Glasgow's When Rosalynn Carter went back, to Plains - that her husband can sit "honorable in the gates." of novel of the 30's. "Vein of Iron" - a very different much against her will, because she had liked her life that woman, the Bible said "The heart of her story. but a story about the kind of Americans from as a Navy officer's wife away from a rather over. band trusted in her," and that is her power. PHOTOCOPY PRESERVATION RC OUR SEARCH REQUEST IS: ROSALYNN CARTER AND DATE (AFT 6/1/78 AND BEF 12/1/78) NUMBER OF STORIES FOUND WITH YOUR REQUEST THROUGH: LEVEL 1 227 The Associated Press Associated Press. November 21, 1978, AM cycle Dozens of leading politicians and prominent people in the United States issued unknowing endorsements of the cult leader who ordered the Guyana killings and mass suicide. The letters helped the cult get into Guyana and stay there. Among those who sent letters of praise to the cult leader, the Rev. Jim Jones, were first lady Rosalynn Carter and Vice President Walter Mondale. Many of those quoted in the documents said they couldn't remember talking to Jones, writing letters for him or making speeches about him or his church. Jones, who also apparently committed suicide, used the references for himself and his peoples Temple both to establish his colony in Guyana and then stave off allegations of mistreatment and brutality. The Guyanese government released the papers Monday, with shock still reaistering over the deaths of Jones and more than 400 sect members in a murder-suicide pact Saturday after the slayings of Rep. Leo Ryan, D-Calif., and four others at a airstrip near the settlement. Minister of State Christopher Nascimento said he didn't want to embarrass any of the purported letter writers but Guyana wanted to show why it had permitted the Peoples Temple to settle there. The attack on Ryan's group and the mass suicide made it appear "we allowed a bunch of crazies into Guyana." Nascimento said, "but in fact, the Rev. Jones presented references of the highest caliber." Jones wrote to Mrs. Carter on March 17, 1977, saying he had missed meeting evanaclist Ruth Carter Stapleton, President Carter's sister, during her trip to San Frncisco. He also said that after a trip to Cuba, he found the country was "badly in need of the hospital equipment." Mrs. Carter, in a handwritten note on White House stationery, wrote to Jones on April 11, 1977, saying: "Dear Jim, Thank you for your letter. I enjoyed being with you during the campaign - and do hope you can meet Ruth soon. Your comments about Cuba are helpful. I hope your suggestion can be acted on the near future. Sincerely, signed Roslynn Carter." Asked about the note today, Mrs. Carter told reporters in Washington, "I just saw him one time. He had written during the campaign and said he wanted to help us, so when I went to San Francisco to open the Carter headquarters, he was there." = She said the only exchange of letters with Jones she could recall was the one made public Monday. Mondale, who was not available for comment, is quoted in the excerpts as saving. "I am grateful for the work of the Peoples Temple Christian Church in defending the First Amendment guarantees of freedom of the Press, in managing the drug program and in running the ranch for handicapped children." And Health, Education and Welfare Secretary Joseph Califano is quoted as saying, "Your commitment and compassion, your humanitarian principles and your interest in protecting individual liberty and freedom have made an outstanding ontribution to furthering the cause of human dignity." Califano's office said the secretary did not remember the letter and the office could not find it in its files. Include OUR SEARCH REQUEST IS: DONNIE RADCLIFFE AND ROSALYNN CARTER AND PUBLICATION (WASHINGTON POST) AND DATE (AFT 1/1/78 AND BEF 1/1/79) numBER OF STORIES FOUND WITH YOUR REQUEST THROUGH: 1 - 25 1978 The Washington Post October 6, 1978, Friday, Final Edition HEADLINE: First Lady's Advice BYLINE: By Donnie Radcliffe Rosalynn Carter, confiding that "some of my best friends are presidents" (but without mentioning any names), had some questions and answers for a new president Wednesday night. Some concerned what Carter termed "the personal life" of Copley News Service's Marguerite Sullivan, being sworn in as the 50th president of the Washington Press Club in ceremonies at the Sheraton-Carlton Hotel. They were things, the first lady said, that are "very important" to being a president. "For instance," inquired Carter in a role reversal that had 400 journalists looking on while she conducted the questioning, "Do you have a brother? "Will your daughter go to public school? "Does your mother speak Swahili? "will the rest of the family write books about you?" Sullivan would almost certainly "learn a lot," Carter assured her, "and I'm in a very good position to give you some advice." Which she promptly set about doing: Don't worry about polls - "but if you do don't admit it." Don't hesitate to have an image made "lately this has worked wonders." Don't evade important questions vital to the country, even if they are difficult. "For example," Carter elaborated, "Are you and Miss Lillian still locked in a struggle for Jimmy's attention? "What would you do if Amy married a Republican? "Is it really possible for you to live a normal family life?" Not only possible, said Carter, answering her own questions, but she and her husband live one all the time. To prove it, she recounted how "Jimmy picks me up at the airport in his helicopter when I come home from trips sometimes we entertain foreign visitors at our country retreat we have a nice home close to our offices. and our children have friends in just like normal children, or they can play with their bodyguards." Joan Mondale shared receiving-line honors with Sullivan and Copley News' publisher Helen Copley. 1978 The Washington Post August 15, 1978, Tuesday, Final Edition HEADLINE: East Wing Shake-Up; Press Aide Anderson To Leave in East Wing Shake-Up; Press Aide Anderson 'Not Asked to Stay' BYLINE: By Donnie Radcliffe Rosalynn Carter's deputy press secretary said yesterday she is resigning from her $29,500-a-year job. But Ann Anderson, 42, also disclosed that the position disappears in a major reorganization of the First Lady's East Wing staff, and that she was not asked to stay. Anderson, who came to the White House with the Carters, said the slot she fills will be restructed to provide a new position in the scheduling and press advance areas. The reshuffle is the first step in a more vigorous and visible use of Mrs. Carter in the congressional election campaigns and her own public projects, according to Mary Hoyt, press secretary to Mrs. Carter. Under the plan, two new positions in scheduling and press advance will be substituted for slots now held by Anderson and Mrs. Carter's appointments secretary, Jane Fenderson. The latter, however, will shift into another new position as coordinator evaluting the First Lady's communities projects. Mrs. Carter's personal assistant, Madeline MacBean, will take over appointments chores. "There will be a lot more traveling, a lot more overtime and weekend work. Even if it were something I felt qualified to do, it just seemed to me it was the time to move," said Anderson. She said she had not been offered a chance to stay on the staff, and that under the proposed reorganization there was no area where her particular skills and experience seemed to fit. Mary Hoyt denied that Anderson's resignation from a job that is being eliminated, in effect, amounted to being fired. "That is not the case," said Hoyt. "Ann has known for some time about this reorganization and this is just the logical time to do it. She is very good at her speciality and I wouldn't dream of offering her a position as a scheduler. She is going to find another job will all our support and help." Hoyt said the entire East Wing staff of 18 will be geared to help Mrs. Carter focus attention on her communities project, an effort that calls for private rather than government initiative in solving problems of the elderly, the unemployed and the mentally ill. Hoyt said the First Lady expects to devote three days each week to social and ceremonial duties and two days to public projects. One of those days almost certainly will take her out of town. She has already set aside a dozen days in September and October to campaign for Congressional candidates. After the November elections, she is planning a cross-country tour focusing on her projects. That schedule already extends into 1979. Hoyt said President Carter's recently-hired image builder Jerry Rafshoon "had nothing to do" with the reshuffling of Mrs. Carter's staff. "Ever since the President's Commission on Mental Health delivered its report, Mrs. Carter has been planning her future activities. The reorganization is the results of hours and hours of planning." Anderson's departure from Mrs. Carter's staff is the second in as many months d at least the seventh since the Carter's moved into the White House. Barbara inebeck, press ad-extensive travels prevented her devoting as much time to her rive-year-old son as she felt she should. Heinebeck was the third and latest black to leave the staff. Christopher ates, an information specialist in Hoyt's press office, went to the Agriculture Department last year, as did Angla Corley, a former assistant to the director of Mrs. Carter's projects, Cathy Cade. Others who have left Mrs. Carter's staff were Coates Redmon, former East Wing writer; Rick Hutton, former Carter family appointments secretary, and Helen Dougherty, former head of the First Lady's correspondence. Redmon left after persistent rumors of unhappiness over disparity between West and East Wing pay scales and Hutton and Dougherty due to personality clashes with members of Mrs. Carter's staff. Hoyt said her assistant, Faith Collins, will assume the title of deputy press secretary along with some of Anderson's duties. Paul Costello, who took Heinebeck's place, will become assistant press secretary, handling some press advance work. In the new scheduling office, Nancy Jordan, estranged wife of Carter aid Hamilton Jordan, will work as a full-time volunteer. Hoyt said there are no current plans to place here on the payroll. Hoyt said Mrs. Carter approved the final organization plan and had been involved in its development. There was no effort to coordinate the first lady's communities project with members of President Carter's domestic staff, sometimes thought to have neglected the effort. But Hoyt indicated that the new system would offer better dialogue opportunities with the West Wing "because our responsibilities here will be more defined." Hoyt, who has been the target of criticism in some media circles for her handling of Mrs. Carter's public presence, said the reorganization "will give me a better chance to be more responsible to the press because a lot of my ordination efforts will be handled in a different way. " Anderson worked with Hoyt at the Peace Corps in the mid-1960s and again in the Muskie presidential campaign. She was a reporter at the Nashville Tenenssean when she met her husband, author Patrick Anderson, a former Carter speechwriter. They have two children. She dismissed any hint of a rift. "Mary Hoyt and I are friends. I always enjoyed working with her." RAPHIC: Picture, Ann Anderson, by Tom Allen - The Washington Post Copyright (c) 1978 The Washington Post June 25, 1978, Sunday, Final Edition SECTION: Style; K1 LENGTH: 5340 words HEADLINE: Have You Heard What They're Not Saying About Rosalynn?; The First Lady, in Search of an Image; Rosalynn Carter, Seeking an Image; Why Aren't They Talking About Her?; If She's Not the New Eleanor Roosevelt, Who Is She? BYLINE: By Sally Quinn BODY: "Jimmy." Please unleash Rosalynn! She has a great grasp, an ability to humanize and she can bring attention to a program. Why is she in the background when she can be in the forefront?" Liz Carpenter's fantasy plea to Jimmy Carter. SHE SAT PERFECTLY still at the head table waiting to be introduced. Only her fingers, twisting back and forth, and her occasional gulps of water indicated her nervousness. In her pale peach Calvin Klein shirtwaist, she looked elegant and delicate, a pretty matron any old-fashioned gentleman would want to protect. She did not look like the top adviser to the president of the United States, the most powerful woman in the world, the first woman vice president, all of which she was touted as being back when Plains first moved to Pennsylvania Avenue. She didn't act like a great power broker either. She stood to address the National Press Club of Washington last week, the first first lady to do so since Eleanor Roosevelt 40 years ago. "Today," she began in her whispery southern voice, "I'm not nearly as nervous as the first time I came here with Jimmy and he announced he was running for the presidency." The purpose of the speech, according to her press secretary, Mary Hoyt, was to present Rosalynn Carter's philosophy of the role of a first lady and to explain what special project she hoped to embrace in her years in the White House. But the speech, which was written, as most of her speeches are, by Hoyt with Rosalynn Carter's corrections and additions, seemed to many in attendance vague and unstructured. She talked about the traditional social role of the first lady, about her own interests in mental health, the elderly and how she hoped to encourage "the caring people" to serve on committees and programs "even in the most prosaic ways." Rosalynn Carter seemed uncomfortable, her delivery hesitant. She stumbled over an occasioinal word, lost her place and was noticeably relieved when the speech was over. Then an amazing grace overtook her. As she took questions from the audience for the next half hour, a different woman emerged. A bright, relaxed competent woman, funny and disarming. The audience was allowed a rare glimpse of the real first lady, not the "steel magnolia" of instant legend. She giggled a lot, she told anecdotes, she made fun of herself. She took a few mischievous digs at the press and she handled the questions, some of them quite idiotic, with style and wit. At one point she was asked if there was any time for President and Mrs. Carter to just sit back and enjoy themselves. "I hope so," she answered. "We do enjoy weekends at Camp David. We take our briefcases " and she paused, looked shyly out at the audience, giggled again and confessed, "but we don't ever open them. And we do enjoy evenings at home, too. Jimmy, for the first four or five months, would go back to the Oval Office after dinner. But he stopped that way last spring and we do have evenings together with the family. We swim, we watch movies and listen to Amy play her violin." Another giggle. "It's a family. We enjoy it." The disarmed audience gave her a hearty round of applause. Finally, when someone asked her whether dancing with members of the press at the White House was different from dancing with real people, she paused for a moment, laughed and replied. "Since so many people say the president and his wife are not real people, I think we could get along beautifully." Rosalynn Carter has a problem. Her image. She doesn't have one. The question is: Why? Speculation about why is a major topic around Washington both among worried Carter staffers and seasoned first lady watchers. And there isn't anybody who doesn't have an opinion on where it's all going wrong. The answer, based on dozens of interviews with those both in and out of the administration has to do with the fact that Rosalynn Carter was falsely advertised to begin with as a powerful political influence over her husband. It has to do with her own lack of clarity about the nature of her role. It has to do with the disdainful attitude of some of the president's own staff toward her side of the White House (the East Wing), with the ineffectuality of her own staff and the lack of cooperation between the East and West Wings And finally, it has to do with the obvious problems of being, still, a stranger in another town. In the simplest terms, the problem seems to be this: Rosalynn Carter sees her role in the White Hose as assisting the president, rather than just assuming the role of first lady. Despite repeated denials from Carter staffers and friends that there is no White House attempt to "package" Rosalynn Carter, she is, nevertheless, being packaged. During the campaign, as a political morsel for the vocal feminist contingent in the Carter camp, Carter and "the boys" (Hamilton Jordan and Jody Powell) decided that Mrs. Carter should be presented as a tough, strong, firm, independent woman rather than the shy, natural, soft woman she is. They portrayed her to the press and the public as the first working first lady, the most powerful and influential adviser to the president, the first woman vice president, as it were, the next Eleanor Roosevelt. They informed the public that she would hold regular press conferences like the president, that she would take on substantive projects of her own and see them through. They were trying to package her. And they're still doing it. As late as three weeks ago members of Carter's staff fed a story to The New York Times saying that she was "even more influential than Eleanor Roosevelt." Carter's staff put Rosalynn Carter in that position. And Rosalynn Carter, of course, trying to help out and do the right thing, went along with it. She tried to act serious, tough and determined, like the steel magnolia image that had been sold, when, in fact, she was a wife and mother dedicated to her family, only unsure of herself as a politican. What have not been promoted are the natural, spontaneous aspects of her personality that were so effective during the campaign and the other day at the National Press Club. As a result, most of the time she ends up looking like a cold, humorless robot instead of what she really is. Partly because her "toughness" has been misinterpreted. What toughness can be found in her character is simply her natural fierce protectiveness of her family against any outside threat, including those to her husband's political career. Her Influence Probably one of the most puzzling aspects of Rosalynn Carter's role as first lady to the public is the original promotion of her, which promised a much more influential role. Well, it just ain't SO. According to many who have worked closely with the president, Rosaylnn Carter has exactly as much influence on Jimmy Carter as the average married woman has on her husband. Which is not to be sneezed at, but hardly to be feared. And, as has often been pointed out, why should she? It was, after all, her husband who was elected. "I am disappointed in her altogether," says feminist Gloria Steinem. "I try to be reasonable because of the initial comparison with Eleanor Roosevelt. That made the problem. She has a lot in common with Patricia Nixon. That determination that people are out there trying to get us so we're going to stick together and see it through. She's very thin-skinned, like the Nixons. "I don't know a single reporter in Washington who feels they know Rosalynn," says NBC producer and People magazine correspondent Clare Crawford. "She's all but disappeared from the face of the earth. In an attempt to prove that she is not a housewife but that she is Jimmy's intellectual equal, she now has the newsworthiness of the undersecretary of commerce." "Rosalynn wants to do what she's supposed to do," says a White House correspondent who has covered the Carters for several years. "In this case she doesn't know what she's supposed to do and nobody will tell her. "Jimmy," he says, "does what he damn well pleases. She occasionally sprinkles his mind with a little wisdom that makes sense. And Rosalynn thinks that's just fine. Her influence, whatever, it may be, is impressionistic. Theirs is no different from any other Southern marriage. It's my opinion she doesn't have much impact on him politically. However, the kind of woman and the nest she builds certainly does." One former staffer feels that, as in most marriages where the man has all the power, the woman feels free to criticize him while he is very careful to by supportive and encouraging of her little projects. "She criticizes Jimmy all the time," says this person. "It's become almost a cliche. But he's very supportive of her. Almost worshipful. She can do no wrong. It would have to be a major blunder on her part for him to criticize her." The White House often points to the weekly luncheons Rosalynn Carterr has with the president in the Oval Office as an example of her influence on the president. However, Rosalynn Carter's own explanation of her weekly meetings with her husband, more than anything else, substantiates a growing feeling that she is not the most powerful, or influential adviser the president has. On the contrary, she is hardly one at all. In her speech at the National Press Club she said, "When Jimmy and I first came to Washington, every night I was trying to sneak in a question - or ask him about something a decision had to be made about. And it just didn't work that way. Evey time he got relaxed, I would spring some big decision at him. Finally, she said, he suggested that she come to have lunch with him once a week like Vice President Mondale. "It's a very important meeting to me," she said. There is one area in which Rosalynn Carter does have influence over the president and that is the one area in which she is somewhat knowledgeable, mental health. Having worked on it in Georgia and having been honorary chairman in the Mental Health Commission this past year, she is in a position to advise. For instance, HEW had recommended that the Community Health Program be funded a certain amount of money and OMB refused the request. HEW appealed and got nowhere. Then, through Tom Bryant, chairman of the President's Commission on Mental Health, and a close adviser of Rosalynn Carter's she got in the act, called OMB head McIntire over. She overruled him. He changed his decision after he met with her. She has now gotten a commitment of $500 million to supplement the Mental Health Report by appealing to her husband. Her Role One reason why Rosalynn Carter has made so little impact and has such a fuzzy image is that she has taken on one project after another, then dropped it and gone on to something else. The only one she has concentrated on is mental health and even that has fizzled out since the Mental Health Report was issued earlier this spring. One former staffer has this to say. "If you choose mental health as your talisman then you've got to go with it; it's too heavy a subject to speak out, and then drop it." "My experience with the mental health commission is that the story got out in an interesting way," says Tom Bryant. "It had a whale of an impact on the mental-health community. But I don't think that the public is overly aware of Rosalynn's involvement. Mental health is not a sexy topic. Rosalynn is a very complicated. She sees herself more involved with her husband across the board, but I think her strongest suit is mental health. Those are building blocks, and if done right, in two or three years people can say, "That lady had impact.' "I don't know why it's so difficult for people to expect this stereotype approach that she should have one project,' says Mary Hoyt. "That a single project is an image. She has many interests and they all fit neatly together. But it isn't easy. People are frustrated because they all want her to have a slogan, a title, a name for a project. But it's broader and deeper than that. I don't know if she ever even thinks about it (the fuzziness of her image). "She has been doing many fragmented projects. Now she's going to try to turn people on across the country to help each other. That seems like a neat, understandable thing to us here because we've been talking to her about it." "But how do you make that effective?" Hoyt rolls her eyes and throws her hands up in the air in an air of resignation. "It will, well, EVOLVE. Maybe that's not a nice way to discuss a role, But that's the way it is." "Rosalynn has the same problem as the president," says a person who has worked closely with Rosalynn Carter for a long time, both in Georgia and in the White House. "They themselves are kind of fuzzy about what they are all about. So it's hard to present them in a clear positive way; she is interested in a lot of things, she never really goes through with them. It's like projectus interruptus." "The reason Rosalynn loses interest in her projects is because everything she does in her life is for Jimmy, trying to make him look good. If you don't have the passive yourself to see the job through then it doesn't get done. She is deeply passionate about one thing. Her husband." Gloria Steinem says, "She never appears to say anything separate from him. More than any other president's wife I have seen there is no independent thought or phrasing separate from his." Someone who has occasionally sat in on Rosalynn Carter's staff meetings says that no matter what she is talking about she always prefaces her remarks with "Jimmey thinks and Jimmey feels and Jimmey says" as though she is simply parroting what he tells her to do. "It gets on your nerves," says this staffer. "I don't think that she should worry about her image too much," says Barry Jagoda, Carter's media man. "But she should set out to do what she and her husband think she should do. To be as strong and effective as possible." Rosalynn Carter is beginning to be unfavorably compared with other first ladies, many of whom, whether or not they had an impact, at least had a clear image. Jackie Kennedy was known for her chic, her taste, her style and her redecoration of the White House. Lady Bird Johnson had beautification. Patricia Nixon, though hardly dynamic, chose volunteerism and struck with it, projecting the role of housewife and helpmate. Betty Ford was known for her candor, her courage in coping with her breast cancer, her outspoken support for ERA. But when one mentions the name of Rosalynn Carter, many people draw a blank. Now she is even being unfavorably compared to the wife of the vice president, normally a figure in Washington with not so high a profile at all. Joan Mondale is more identifiable than Rosalynn Carter. And, too, she has chosen as her press secretary-adviser, Bess Abell, who worked for Lady Bird Johnson and knows the town, and Joan Mondale has listened to her advice. "Joan Mondale," says someone who has worked closely with Rosalynn Carter and observed Mondale as well, "is a creature of this city and so is Bess. She knows where to press the levers. She doesn't do things halfway. She's not trying to create an image as much as she is trying to do a job. She has chosen one thing, the arts, and stuck with it. And she's created her own identity, which is totally separate from Fritz. Yet by doing so she has been a true asset to him, rather than just a helpmate." "Lady Bird Johnson," says former Johnson stafer who worked intimately with her and knows Rosalynn Carter fairly well, too, "fairly of all chose two pros. Liz Carpenter and Bess Abell, and she listened to them. Secondly, she chose a project, beautification, that was specific, clear, easily understandable and that people could relate to." "At no time, says a former East Wing staffer, "was anything dramatic attempted to underscore her projects, and if you do them in a spotty was there will be a limited amount of coverage. The whole world is hardly waiting for Rosalynn's next pronouncement on mental health the way they were for Betty Ford's next remarks for instance." "You've got to have a base or a concept to work with, a direction," says Sheila Weidenfeld, Betty Ford's former press secretary. "Let's face it, says Mary Hoyt, "what Rosalynn is doing is an extension of the president." But that can sometimes produce meager results. According to one former staffer, Rosalynn Carter's South American trip had little impact because South American leaders treated "her exactly as they would any wife of an Amercian persident": politely and nothing more, with some macho types reportedly grumpy that the president himself had not come. "I'm no expert on what the role of the first lady should be," says Bob Strauss, Carter's special counsel on inflation and Washington expert. "But there are several things I do know about with respect to Rosalynn Carter. She can do just about anything she sets out to do, very well and very effectively. She's an able, wise and talented person. There are very subtle and not so subtle areas where she plays a significant role. But I would agree that there is a larger role she could play on the national scene." The West Wing Both inside the immediate White House staff and outside, tales of woe on the image front were rifle, even among those most powerful in the government, even those who are pro the president and the first lady. Not one person out of more than 30 interviewed failed to recognize that there was a serious problem not only with Rosalynn Carter's image but with the president's as well. As usual, nobody wants to be quoted on the record. Their jobs depend on it. From the interviews, the following picture emerges: One of the reasons why Rosalynn Carter has not made much of an impact as first lady is a lack of coodination with and support from the West Wing of the White House, the president's domain, whose press operation is run by Jody Powell. Partly this is because "the boys" Jody and Hamilton Jordan, have never had a great rapport with Rosalynn Carter. Partly because they don't get along withe her staff, partly because they have not been directed by the president to get involved and partly becasue there is so much infighting and indecision going on in Powell's press office that they don't have time. But the main reason is that Carter himself is something less than a liberated man. He basically sees his wife as wife, mother, hostess. Nor have Powell and Jordan been known for their advanced attitudes about women. None of them appears to realize that the East Wing of the White House, the first lady's side, is or could be a very important asset to them and the president. Powell is so frustrated in his dealings with Mary Hoyt that he has hinted several times recently that he believes that she will be fired. He has even gone so far as to suggest that he would like to see a man in that job becuase he would be easier to relate to. The West Wing is apparently disgusted with the whole East Wing operation. Jody Powell is upset that Jerry Rafshoon, Carter's media man during the campaign, will be coming to the White House next week as head of communications. The two have never gotten along and Powell is afraid Rafshoon will usurp some of his power. Already Barry Jagoda has begun answering to Rafshoon rather than Powell, and Rosalynn Carter has expressed a hope that Rafshoon will be able to solve the image problem where Powell could not. "I think," says a Carter intimate who is very close to Rafshoom, "that Jerry will be able to give Rosalynn and her staff direction, in terms of her role. He is the only one who can do it. She trusts him entirely. Rafshoon himself, aware of the delicacy of his situation, could not be reached for comment under any circumstances. Jody Powell refused to comment, as well. "The relationship between Rosalynn's staff and Jimmy's staff, particularly Jody and Ham, is hate. Hate. Kill. Kill," says one former staffer with a wry laugh. "It's sad because it always seemed to me that Mary wanted Jody's good will and advice." Mary is an uptown sophisticated lady. The fellows are put off by this. She looks so fixed up. These guys are not used to that. " "The East and West Wings have got to be coordinated,' says a Carter administration type who has been around Washington for years and has worked with Rosalynn Carter, Hoyt and Powell. "Everybody has got to be singing out of the same hymn book. Then you can say. 'This month we're pushing health insurance' or 'This is get tough with the Russians months.' Otherwise the picture of the government does not come into focus." "The problem," says a White House television reporter, "is Carter. He is not a totally liberated person. He wants Rosalynn to be active but he wants her to fill a certain role and no more. He wants to be proud of the little woman." A powerful woman White House correspondent says, "Women don't play an important role in the policy-making in the Carter administration. The West Wing has never wanted to have anything to do with the first lady. They treat the East Wing with disdain. The impact of women is not strongly felt in a Georgia White House." "Jody and Hamilton do not get along terribly well with Rosalynn," says a White House correspondent who has covered the Carters for several years. "Their primary motivation with her is to keep her pleased, to avoid making her unhappy at the risk of World War III. Otherwise she could make their lives miserable. But they don't feel that way about Mary Hoyt or the rest of the staff. They just don't pay any attention to them. "I think Rosalynn Carter came in with tremendous potential and the desire of Americans to see her be a very visible, hard-working, precedent-breaking first lady," says Liz Carpenter, former press secretary to Lady Bird Johnson when LBJ wass President. "If some timid soul in the West Wing, some underling, has the idea that America's first ladies must be consigned to the background, let them read the history and know that the ones whowere substantive were those whose deeds were sometimes shocking, sometimes consciousness-raising, always courageous. We need Rosalynn Carter out rallying for us every hour of the day." And Hoyt says, "Maybe now that Rafshoon is coming there will be more cooperation than there has been. There really has been very little. The East Wing " Rosalynn Carter works harder than any first lady I have known and she's very serious," says UPI White House bureau chief Helen Thomas. "But communicating what she's done is where the breakdown is. I don't think it's her style to dramatize or capture the limelight. But she's very dedicated. She's just not projecting. Why? That's the $64,000 question." "I have a view that the press people working for Rosalynn are virtually worthless," says a male staffer in Carter's press operation. "It's ridiculos that such a spectacular woman as Rosalynn has such a limp image. But every time we send an idea over the transom they 'eeeek' like they're seen a mouse. Press people can be obstaclee and Mary is a tremendous obstacle. She is political and frightened and she's always looking over her shoulder. She never seizes an opportunity. She's mistrustful of everyone. In my view that whole operation could be the greatest possible resource for the president, and it's not. The first family is the greatest resource we have. I just told Jody I couldn't work with her or the staff and he said, 'I know what you mean.' However I sense that Rosalynn really trusts Mary Hoyt. So to some extent it's an attack on Rosalynn because, of her choice of Mary." "I think we've been too separate from the West Wing," is all Hoyt will say, guardedly, not wanting to seem too critical. "So some of us go to the weekly staff meetings over there. I think this new Carter reorganization will be helpful." "There's never been anybody who worked harder, was more compassionate and understanding," says Rick Hutto, Rosalynn Carter's former appointments secretary who quit last fall, "but she never had her own staff really, until the general campaign, and I thinkher staff would understand her more if they'd been with her as long as the president's has." A Carter staffer who has worked closely with Rosalynn Carter on mental health as well as other issues says simply. "If the mental health program doesn't work for Rosalynn then I would blame it on Mary. Mary puts up a wall around Rosalynn that is hard to penetrate. It bests me what her motivation is. But Mary Hoyt writes Rosalynn's mental health speeches as well as her others and often doesn't even ask the experts for advice or outside help. I know of several occassions when she has been offered material and never used it. What Mary uses as her resources I don't know. It's not my job to tell her what she should or shouldn't write." "We have Kathy Cade who is the director of projects and issues and she does general research," says Hoyt about Rosalynn Carter's speeches. "Then, if we need specific research on something like mental heath we'll ask Tom Bryant. Since Coates Redmon quit as speech-writer, Hoyt has been writing all of Rosalynn Carter's speeches. A West Wing press staffer has said that Rafshoon's top priority will be to find a speechwriter for Rosalynn. "During the campaign when Mrs Carter was talking about issues and about her husband, she almost always spoke extemporaneously," says Hoyt, "and I think she's at her best when she's extemporaneous. "But she feels more secure with a text. It's rare though that she's given a speech she doesn't change herself. She deviates a great deal. "There are so many political points that could be made by the family," says a former staffer who admires Rosalynn Carter. "But nobody knows anything about them, especially the human side of Rosalynn. People don't even hear about her natural spontaneous side. They don't hear about when she walks into a staff meeting and asks 'Que Pasa?' after her Spanish lesson, or how she runs around upstairs in the family quarters in blue jeans and a campaign T-shirt, how she makes fun of herself playing the violin and jokes about how Amy says she is so awful at it, missing notes all the time. They don't tell about how she finished playing tennis one day and just jumped into the White House pool with all her tennis clothes on." "Mary's whole attitude is don't rock the boat, don't make major blunders and you'll survive. But maybe Rosalynn is telling her this, saying I want no profile, I don't want to be in the paper all the time. But I doubt it." "I do feel, says another former staffer of the first lady's, "that Rosalynn is not being presented as well as she could be But Mary does her job well. It's difficult to get a handle on Rosalynn. And she's not accessible to her staff, except for Madeline Macbean, her personal assistant who came with her from Georgia. When I needed her I could get her but you couldn't just sit around and chat." "I think Mrs. Carter defies packaging," says Hoyt. "We spend a lot of time around here responding to this first lady. Which is different. She likes what she is doing. And she can't understand why people aren't more interested in her mental health projects. "People have drifted away from it," admits Hoyt. "But if it's dull to sit in a meeting for eight hours and listen to the problems of the mentally ill, so be it. It's not dramatic. But I don't know who decreed that everything a first fady does has to be dramatic." Washington There are those who feel that one of the reasons that Rosalynn Carter, and Jimmy Carter for that matter, have had such image problems, found it so hard to get their message across, is that they and most of their staff are just not familiar with Washington, with the jargon, the mores, the attitudes and, most importantly, the people. And they still don't understand the press. "She's a very determined, very intelligent, politically caring lady," says Rosalynn Carter's former speech writer, Coates Redmon, who quit in disillusion six months ago. "So the question is this. If you want to have an impact and you have a big staff behind you and a president who is supportive, how could you not have an impact? "It may be that here are these people coming here cold, having been here three times in their lives and they move into the power house. There's a freak-out potential. There must be a sense of disorientation that may account for the way she deals with her issues. "Washington is an overpowering place. It takes years to know your way around. But time is skipping by. My feeling is that Joan Mondale's advantage over Rosalynn is that she has a total understanding of her environment. That's got to matter." "Look at Joan Mondale, for instance," says one Carter staffer, "she knows everybody, she can walk into a room and call people by their names. She knows how things work, where the bodies are buried. She knows the totems and taboos. That's got to give her a confidence the Carters have never had." "Rosalynn has not had many of the experiences and the exposure of Washington that she had in Georgia," says Peter Bourne, the president's special assistant for health issues. "She had flexibility as a governor's wife to pick up and do what she wanted to do. It's incredibly hard to do anything spontaneously from the White House because you set everything in motion. But she just doesn't get much publicity here and I don't know why. "They're both very naive in this respect," says a former staffer. "They believe that they're right with God. And if what they're doing is right everything will work out for the best. But the problem is that things don't work that way in the real world." Someone who has known both Carters "since before it was even chic to go to Plains," and is now a member, though distant, of the administration, said he had finally figured out what it was that has bothered him when he has been around Rosalynn Carter, particularly at Washington functions. "I see a look in Rosalynn's eyes," he says, "that you see in foreigners who don't speak English very well. They find themselves involved in a slangy conversation and they begin to nod and smile and laugh very animatedly and suddenly you realize that they don't understand half of what is being said. That's the feeling you get with Rosalynn. You begin to realize that she's over her head." About a month ago, Rosalynn Carter was the guest speaker at a gathering of the Foundations Council at the Shoreham Americana Hotel. She was even more nervous than she was at the National Press Club. However, at one point she broke away from her rather turgid text to talk about a visit she had just made to a local halfway house. Again she came alive and the audience immediately warmed to her. During this spontaneous moment, she remarked that there was such a spirit of cooperation in Washington and with a certain innocent amazement at her own influence, confided to the audience that "I don't believe that I've asked one single person to help me and been turned down." The audience howled with laughter and it was moments before she understood why they were laughing. But it didn't take her long. Carefully and deliberately placed right up there in her speech at the National Press Club was a line Rosalynn Carter used, looking up confidently from her text and playing it for all it was worth. "I pick up the White House phone at any hour of the day or night and frequently ask the advice and counsel of experts in any field, " she told them, this time with a conscious innocence in her voice. "I do it often " Pause for effect "And nobody ever turns me down. " Once again the audience laughed with delight as the first lady stood beaming, obviously at ease, for once, with the pleasures of power. GRAPHIC: Illustration, no caption, by Vint Lawrence for The Washington Post; Picture 1, "At one point she was asked if there was any time for President and Mrs Carter to just sit back and enjoy themselves. 'I hope so,' she answered. "; Picture 2, Rosalynn Carter paints at D.C. General Hospital. AP The Associated Press The materials in the AP file were compiled by The Associated Press. These materials may not be republished without the express written consent of The Associated Press. June 15, 1978, AM cycle LENGTH: 150 words DATELINE: WASHINGTON KEYWORD: Rosalynn- Mental Health BODY: Rosalynn Carter announced on Thursday an $18 million demonstration housing program for the chronically mentally ill. Mrs. Carter, honorary chairwoman of the president's Commission on Mental Health, unveiled the plan at a joint appearance with Patricia Roberts Harris, secretary of Housing and Urban Development. Under the program, states may submit plans showing how the money could be used to help the mentally ill live in the community after they are released from mental institutions. "Through this program we can break the stifling struggle which chronically mentally ill live in the community after they are released from mental institutions. "Through this program we can break the stifling struggle which chronically mentally ill persons are confronted with when they are released from the imprisoning conditions of mental institutions," Mrs. Carter said. PEOPLE OF THE WEEK® Some Surprises as First Lad It turns out that Rosalynn Carter isn't "the steel magnolia" "I've read that I've tried to be like that people were expecting. Underneath: a woman who has a Eleanor Roosevelt, but that's absolutely clear sense of mission but whose husband comes first. false," says Rosalynn. "She was a great person, but I've never ever tried to pattern what I do after what she did. If Jimmy Carter remains a mystery to ble designed to focus attention on needs I've been doing the things I think are millions of Americans, his wife Rosalynn of the elderly. important, and I've not tried to copy has developed into something of a sur- Returned to the political stump to anybody." prise herself. speak for Democratic candidates. Her The First Lady's next major project After nearly a year in the White most recent outings have been to sup- will be an effort to build what she calls House, Rosalynn has demonstrated that port gubernatorial nominees in New Jer- "a more caring society." Explains Rosa. she will be an activist First Lady-but sey and Virginia. Although she has lynn: "It applies to neighborhoods. not the reincarnation of Eleanor Roose- pretty much conquered a profound shy- cities, rural areas. Growing up in Plains, velt that many expected. ness that hampered her early in her when there was illness or trouble, peo- During the 1976 election campaign, husband's political career, she remains ple cared and let you know it and helped Carter's wife was popularly depicted as nervous about public ap- the "steel magnolia" woman who pearances and still goes cloaked great shrewdness and determi- into the ladies' room to nation with a facade of Southern charm, rehearse before she deliv- the real power behind the throne. But ers a speech. while her influence in the Oval Office Entertained more still is believed to be considerable, she than a dozen foreign lead- wields that power so subtly and private- ers at state dinners. At the ly that the impact is hard to measure. Carter White House, no The real Rosalynn Carter is a First hard liquor is served, only Lady who carries out a demanding wine. In contrast to par- schedule of official duties and personal ties given by Gerald Ford, commitments but who takes great pains there is no dancing into to stay in step with her husband in both the wee hours of the his official and family roles. morning. There is an- As Rosalynn puts it: "We co-ordinate. I other difference, too: At wouldn't go out and plan something official welcoming cere- rash." monies, Rosalynn and the On the road. On the Carters' planned wife of the visiting digni- world tour, whenever it takes place, the tary now share the re- President's wife will have her own itin- viewing stand instead of erary at each stop. She will meet with following previous proto- top health officials, receive briefings on col and being relegated to the status of women in the various coun- a place in the crowd. Presiding at a public hearing on mental health, Rosalynn tries and then prepare a report on the The stark contrast be- Carter devotes time to a subject she believes is crucial. sessions for the President. tween the First Lady's Such low-key methods are typical of subdued style and the take-charge atti- out during a crisis. I want to start work- Rosalynn's approach-a quiet style care- tude that many people had expected has ing on a program of getting people fully designed to get things done with- led to criticism of her effectiveness. That working together in communities and out embarrassing or overshadowing her came out early when Rosalynn's first caring more about each other." husband. In this fashion, since Inaugura- major overseas trip, a tour of seven Ca- Rosalynn's official day usually begins tion Day she has: ribbean and Latin-American nations last at about 9:15 a.m. in her East Wing Traveled to 12 American cities and June, was derided in advance. Some po- office of the White House, where she has nine foreign countries as an official rep- litical analysts expressed doubts as to a 17-member staff. She spends part of resentative of the President. Most re- whether Latin officials concerned with each day attending to private correspon- cently, she toured the Texas-Mexico "machismo" would pay any attention to dence, reading the same news summary border on November 3 with Carmen a woman. sent to the President, arranging the Romano de López Portillo, wife of Mexi- "I think I can give them some sense of White House social calendar, consider- co's President, and visited New Orleans. Jimmy-some sense of his feeling to- ing invitations for personal appearances. Become closely involved in the ward the world and his foreign policy," working on her favorite projects of men- President's Commission on Mental she countered. Most observers agreed tal health and the elderly, and scanning Health, of which she is honorary chair- after the trip that she had done precisely summaries of the 2,000 or so letters she man. She has called discrimination that, and gave her generally high marks receives weekly. against the mentally ill "a national dis- for the journey. The First Lady often writes comments grace" and pledged "an all-out personal But the First Lady has made no at- in the margins of staff reports, signing drive to help create a new national phi- tempt to emulate Eleanor Roosevelt, them simply "R." Memos from the Presi- losophy about mental health and to help who toured coal mines, slums and war dent come addressed to "Ros." She al- bring mental illness out of the closet." zones while her husband held the White ways refers to her husband as "Jimmy. Sponsored a White House round ta- House. never as "the President." 40 U.S. NEWS & WORLD REPORT, Nov. 14. 1977 a Style of Her Own presidential retreat in the Maryland mountains. There, she changes into blue jeans for walks in the woods and enjoys swims in the heated outdoor pool. Even- ings are spent bowling with Amy, read- ing in front of the fire and watching movies. Life with Jimmy. The First Lady has learned to laugh at news reports of how she exercises influence over the Presi- dent. One myth she knocks down: that she can change Carter's assessment of a world leader with a few choice words of her own. Says Rosalynn: "Jimmy and I argue and debate the issues all the time-what is happening and are we going about it in the right way. We are very close together philosophically. We do have differences, but it's usually when I don't understand something or when he doesn't understand how I feel." In fact, the evidence is that the Car- ters disagree on very little. And when they do differ, she will be the last one to let anyone know about it. A close friend explains: "She thinks that to go into detail on issues they Meeting foreign dignitaries is a key role for the First Lady, here with discuss is like telling the world what wife of Mexican President López Portillo in Juárez November 3. they talk about when they go to bed at night. She is a traditional woman in Aides describe Rosalynn as Outside the office, Rosalynn keeps up many ways." "highly discreet" in everything her Spanish lessons and shares a violin Traditional or not, Rosalynn Carter she does-a quality she demands class with daughter Amy. She also still clearly is one President's wife who insists of her own staff. Pet peeves: peo- balances the family checkbook and has on following her own instincts in how to ple who are late or who fail to get the final sign-off on the couple's income- play the role of the nation's First Lady. directly to the point in conversa- tax return. tion-exactly the things that an- Like her husband, Rosalynn has fallen This article was prepared by Asso- noy her husband. in love with Camp David, the secluded ciate Editor Patricia Avery. Efforts of the President's wife on behalf of the equal-rights dment probably reflect, as much as ther activity, how she operates. telephone and letter, Rosalynn has cted dozens of legislators in States dering the amendment. But when by reporters whom the First Lady ached, her press secretary replied: really believes she can destroy her liveness if she goes to the public. hinks it should be done privately." salynn's sense of privacy redoubles it comes to her family life out of view. She makes certain that is no breach in rigid security that Is the Carters' "off duty" hours. friends and staff members say the ntimate relationship existing President and his wife of 31 is obvious to everyone. "You can't round them and not know how they are," says one White House DON STEFFEN "They have antennae-like abil- Helping out on the campaign trail is something the President's wife learned to do for her know what the other is feeling." husband. Now she is widely sought to lend a hand to other Democratic candidates. & WORLD REPORT, Nov. 14, 1977 41 Talk ax YOUR SEARCH REQUEST IS: DONNIE RADCLIFFE AND ROSALYNN CARTER AND PUBLICATION (WASHINGTON POST) AND DATE (AFT 1/1/76 AND BEF 1/1/78 ) The Washington Post May 20, 1977, Friday, Final Edition HEADLINE: First Lady's Breakfast BYLINE: By Donnie Radcliffe Rosalynn Carter, who with her husband has spent the spring getting acquainted with Washington's influential, made a pilgrimage yesterday to yet another bastion of power, the 700-member Congressional Club. The occasion was the annual First Lady's Breakfast, a tradition almost as old as the 69-year-old club and an event a President's wife dare not miss if she knows what's good for the President (as John Kennedy did in 1963 when he substituted for his wife, Jacequeline). I'm really overwhelmed," Rosalynn Carter told the record crowd of 1,000 at the Shorham Americana which included spouses of the Vice President, Supreme Court Justices, the Cabinet, U.S. senators and representatives and actress Elizabeth Taylor, who in her remote corner of the room was as besieged by autograph-hounds as the First Lady. Taylor's reservation, through her hostess, Jermaine Magnuson of Washington, had reached the committee late and cost her a "choice" table, according to cochairman Mae Guyer of Ohio. And compared to her White House predecessors, Rosalynn Carter's acceptance had taken longer than Guyer thought customary. "She's not been a congressional wife, so she doesn't know anything about the club," said Guyer, who told of calling the White House in January "several times We were getting anxious to hear." The hotel's Regency Ballroom was decorated with paper versions of Georgia's state flower, the Cherokee rose, against a bright green-and-white color scheme. "Carter campaign colors," the First Lady noted with satisfaction. Introduced by club president Doris McClory of Illinois, the First Lady presented checks for $500 each to the D.C. Chapter of Recordings for the Blind and the Mental Health Program of the District. In return, she received a needlepoint rendition of the White House, a serenade by singer Tony Bennett and protection from inquiring reporters at a pre-breakfast VIP reception. In 1974, reporters attending the reception questioned then-First Lady Pat Nixon about Watergate and, according to Guyer, "We were very embarrassed about that." Since then, the press has been barred from the reception in an effort to protect the First Lady from being "put on the spot." Yesterday's breakfast, at $12.50 a ticket, cost $2.50 less than in 1976 and was made possible because "We had a little extra left over from last year," said Guyer. "We don't expect to make money." GRAPHIC: Picture, First Lady Rosalynn Carter with Doris McClory and Joan Mondale at yesterday's breakfast held for Carter by the Congressional Club. By Harry Naltchayan - The Washington Post The Washington Post May 11, 1977, Wednesday, Final Edition HEADLINE: Rosalynn Carter Takes Up Cause of Nation's 22 Million Elderly BYLINE: By Donnie Radcliffe, Washington Post Staff Writer Rosalynn Carter, who a month ago launched a program to focus attention on the nation's mentally disabled, yesterday began an effort to help with the problems of the nation's 22 million elderly. "A society that cares is the most important thing," the President's wife said yesterday, concluding the first of what she sees as a series of White House round-table discussions on problems of the aging. "I know if we work together we can do something worthwhile," she said. Using much the same procedure she did a month ago with members of the President's Committee on Mental Retardation, she sought recommendations from 23 experts on aging on such questions as mandatory retirement, health care, housing and nutritional needs. She not only got them - in five-minutes bursts, carefully clocked by an aide seated behind her - but some others she may not have anticipated. "There is a need at the highest levels of government for a prominent, national advocate of the elderly to stimulate greater national awareness of their problems," said Bert Seldman, director of the AFL-CIO's Department of Social Security. He proposed that she expand upon the task she had undertaken by setting up the meeting and that she become, in effect, "a national ombudsman" for the 22 million Americans over 65. Rep. Claude Pepper (D-Fla.), chairman of the House Select Committee on Aging, saw the advocacy role from another perspective. "For too long the elderly have suffered the indignity of a confused and confusing bureaucracy, the indignity of mandatory retirement, the indignity of a system which favors costly and often needless institutionalization, the indignity of nursing homes which are too often tinderboxes and the indignity of stereotypes which distate that to be old is to be feeble-minded and worthless," said Pepper, at 76 teh senior among his fellow conferees and therefore first to commence the discussions. He invited the First Lady to put pressure on his congressional colleagues "to bring legislation (benefiting the elderly) to the floor out of committee where it reclines." "You are suggesting that I lobby the Congress?" She asked Pepper, who had told her that as committee chairman he would "welcome" her counsel. "I'm willing to do that. I do understand how important the programs are," she said. Later, the First Lady expressed satisfaction that the discussion had "been a start," although she said there had been no way to invite everyone concerned with topics under discussion. "From this I'll get a focus on what to do," she said, adding that she had no time limit because "I've got four years I wanted to start now, but the goals are long-range." 1977 The Washington Post April 19, 1977, Tuesday, Final Edition HEADLINE: Mrs. Carter Begins Fulfilling Her Pledge; Launches Campaign to Aid Elderly, Mentally Disabled BYLINE: By Donnie Radcliffe, Washington Post Staff Writer husband's position and a determination the White House will be "a place that people can turn to for help, Rosalynn Carter set out yesterday to focus attention on two fields of particular concerned to her - the elderly and the mentally disabled - and the problems unique to each. It was her first major move toward keeping some campaign promises of her own. In a mid-morning address to 1,100 delegates to the 27th Annual Conference of the National Council on Aging, the First Lady announced a May 10 "roundtable" discussion" on the aging at the White House, which she called "a first step" in her campaign pledge "to help personally." Reading excerpts from four of the 3,060 letters she receives weekly on such subjects, she said their elderly authors represented old people everywhere who "struggle to stay warm, have decent clothes, decent clothes food to eat, try to pay their bills and not be a burden to anybody." She told of inviting representatives and experts from 17 lay and professional groups "to discuss the problems and also to seek solutions. I know there are many programs already for the elderly but the concern I have is that these programs do not reach the people they are supposed to reach." She said she will seek greater coordination through "an agenda for channeling information about valid programs. I am determined that the White House will be place that people can turn to for help. I am determined that the White House will be open and available for help." Later, at the Department of Health, Education and Welfare, she participated in a meeting of the President's Committee on Mental Retardation, exhorting its 25 members to provide specific recommendations that could provide a basis for legislation her husband may propose. She wanted recommendations on how to help families of the mentally retarded through programs similar to those offered families of alcoholics. She called for suggestions on training professionals to work with those families, ways to dispel the stigma of retardation and illness, and ideas on educating the public to "understanding and acceptance." She had a word of advice, while she was at it. Knowing from experience that "if you give Jimmy specific, brief, understandable recommendations,' the likelihood of results was better than if he is presented "reams" of text. She wanted some answers herself, she indicated during presentations by heads of the committee's seven task forces. "It distresses me to see funds cut, she told Dr. Cecil B. Jacobson, head of research and prevention. "I don't think we had enough in the first place. "I don't think that's the major problem," Jacobson replied. "I think the major problem is in applying what we already know.' Eunice Kennedy Shriver, a special guest at the session, said later that Rosalynn Carter had made "a good point but she didn't get a very good answer. In fact, less than $2 million, goes into research on prematurity Research and reproductive biology are important for prevention (of mental retardation) but nobody is really very interested." HEW Secretary Joseph A. Califano Jr., however, was hopeful that "the next few ars are going to mean to the handicapped and retarded some turmoil but the kind of progress the blacks made in 1960." As for Rosalynn Carter, Califano, who is automatically chairman of the committee, which was established in 1966, was equally optimistic. "It may be the best thing that's happened in this area isn't the direct election of Jimmy Carter," he said, "but the indirect election of Rosalynn Carter. " GRAPHIC: Picture, HEW Secretary Califano joins the First Lady at meeting of President's Committee on Mental Retardation. By Ellsworth Davis - The 1977 The Washington Post ost April 6, 1977, Wednesday, Final Edition EADLINE: A Low-Key Debut Appearance by the First Lady BYLINE: By Donnie Radcliffe Some in the crowd had waited 45 minutes in the rain and considered themselves lucky, at that. The 600 tickets to Rosalynn Carter's debut appearance yesterday before the 2,200 member Woman's National Democratic Club had been snapped for four weeks earlier like the proverbial hotcakes. "It was very important for me to see her, said a drenched but smiling Ann Robbins, struggling to get out of her rain-soaked coat. "The last time was at a campaign tea and then we had to give the tickets awat to anyone to come." But by the time Robbins reached Carter, wearing her Inaugural turquoise wool dress as she stood between WNDC President Mary Lou Friedman and special events chairman Gerry Komer, all the things she had planned to tell the First Lady were lost in pure and simple awe. "I could only think to say 'I'm deeply moved,' said Robbins, "and then I promptly went back (to the dining room) and spilled punch all over me." It was that kind of a day in that strictly partisan crowd for whom superlatives would come easy, criticism difficult. Advance billing of Rosalynn Carter's maiden address to the group (many of whom could remember only too vividly one of her activist predecessors, Eleanor Roosevelt) had left little doubt that it would be important. Said the April edition of The WNDC News: "Our newest Honorary President will make what is expected to be a major statement on plans for mental health care." Instead, "I feel like I'm campaigning again," Carter began, looking out upon a sea of faces eager for a glimpse and hint of where her programs on mental health and the elderly will be headed in the months ahead. "One thing I've had adjust to is that my influence, no matter what I say, goes across the Country," she said, paraphrasing to some ears her oft-repeated campaign statement of how as governor's wife, she began to realize how influential she could be. Rather that be specific about her own programs, she solicited support from her audience on those of Jimmy Carter. Warning of "great and powerful forces of opposition" to his forthcoming energy policy, and "concern" for his human rights stand, she said "the point is that to succeed we need your help - it's your responsibility as mush as ours." Later, after she had gone, taking with her the club's third annual Democratic Woman of the year award that included not just a citation but a specially designed scarf by Alexandria dress shop owner Frankie Welch, enthusiasm was polite and warm. Even so, there seemed to be an undercurrent of disappointment. "She was very good to review for us the projects she shares with the President," said Mary Lou Friedman. "What could she say? She couldn't say anything about policy?" asked Florence Donahue. "She was asking people to stand up for what we believe in." "I loved her," said Sue Groth who saw nothing new in Carter's description of her own programs but thought that, too, all right because "I wouldn't have wanted her to make up something." Another prominent Democrat, accustomed to the specifics the Club's biweekly featured luncheon speakers traditionally adhere to, suggested the occasion's "set-up" may have proved inhibiting for the First Lady. Said a club spokesperson who had been under the impression thta Carter's ech would be newsworthy: "Apparently some decision was made later that she uld hold off now and simply voice her interest." 1977 The Washington Post April 5, 1977, Tuesday, Final Edition HEADLINE: A Different Kind of Tea BYLINE: By Donnie Radcliffe Rosalynn Carter turned a White House tea for Jihan Sadat of Egypt into an open forum yesterday, leading the discussion by a half dozen experts in their fields on a variety of social problems confronting both the United States and Egypt. At the end, proving perhaps that Rosalynn Carter might be able to leave the "party" out of a White House tea but never Jimmy Carter out of a White House concert turned up to hear 11-year-old pianist Ana-maria Vera. He sat between to two First Ladies, holding Mrs. Carter's hand much of the time, to hear the young artist perform a recital of selections from Chopin and Scarlatti. "I have all kinds of favorites (musical artists). They change everyday. Today you're my favorite," he told the youndster, who gave her first recital at age 5 and most recently appeared as guest soloist with Arthur Fielder at the Kennedy Center. If it was a highly successful ending it had also been a disarmingly informal guests were seated in a semi-circle in the Blue Room behind small tables with namecards prominently dispalyed. "Your interests and my interests are the same," she told Egypts' First Lady, hesitating slightly over how to address her. (Am I supposed to say 'Madame'? asked Carter. "Just call me Jihan, replied the visitor). For 45 minutes, men and women prominent in the area of women's rights, the andicapped, medical research and teharts brought the two women up to date on advances in their respective fields. John Sharon, president of Children's Hospital National Medical Center, told of work to develop a vaccine to cure an infant bone disease which he said he understood afflicts 30 per cent of the children in Egypt. Dr. Estelle Ramey, Georgetown University endocrinologist and a leading feminist, told of three particular areas where she has been active: opening up medical schools to more women, providing science scholarships to women and assisting centers for "beaten wives". "Beaten?" asked Jihan Sadat, herself a leading feminist. Ramey's explanation, that they were often economically deprived women who had no place to go expect for the few centers in some regions of the country, drew 1 further questioning from Sadat. "How do you help, by giving money or by teaching handicrats? Why don't you let them depends on themselves by teaching them something?" The problem was somewhat more complex, Ramey said, explaining how some battered wives "feel they may deserve to eb beaten - there is no sense of self at all. And the tragedty is that their sons probably grow up to beat their own wives." It was a subject that visibly affected Sadat, who suggested a counseing program for the husband, as well, similar, she indicated, to a program in Egypt where "we bring the husband in and in a very kind way teach him how to be kind." Ramey replied that in the United States two problems prevailed, one concerning the urgency of "emergency" aspects, the other "social services.' " "The children of those families often have a very high incidence of mental disorders, rom neuroses to psychoses." But it was Dr. Henry Viscardi, chairman of the White House Conference on Handicapped Individuals, whose work may have been of greatest interest to Sadat, nown for her efforts on behalf of the handicapped. Born without legs and a elf-described "charity patient" until age 7, he told of never being able to stand until he was 23, when he was first fitted with artificial legs. "In any other land, I might never have been able to be a learned man," he said. "Your interest, Jihan, is appreciated. A man without limbs who sits in Cairo has the same aspirations that I do." Sadat responded, proposing exchange visits between the handicapped of both countries - "If that is possible I would be very well pleased," she said. It was an idea Rosalynn Carter quickly endorsed as "something else I'm doing - an exchange program between our states and foreign countries. I think it is a great idea to include handicapped individuals in that exchange." Later, when the discussions had ended, Carter told her guests, who also included Joan Mondale, the National Gallery of Art's J. Carter Brown and Dr. Esin Atil, curator of Islamic Art at the Freer Gallery, that it was "the kind of tea I like - I feel I learned something and I feel that she (Mrs. Sadat) learned, too. " In the morning, Carter met briefly with a group of Asian leaders touring the United States under sponsorship of the League of Women Voters' Overseas Education Fund. Sitting with them in the White House Library, she suddenly found herself being lobbied - against removal of U.S. troops in Korea and for passage of a congressional bill that would provide authorization for $5.2 billion to three international lending institutions. "The Communists are all around us," said Somsri Kantamala of Thailand's Ministry of Interior, in urging U.S. presence in Korea. "We need American moral support. We can fight by ourselves, but we think of you as being the big rother of the free world." The First Lady listened politely, said the views of her guests were helpful but gave no indication of her personal opinions. "We didn't expect this, " Kantamala said later of the exchange, "so I took this opportunity to say what I think." Said Press Secretary Mary Hoyt later, "Mrs. Carter would appreciate that kind of forthrightness. It takes it out of purely coffee talk and makes it something meaningful." CORRECTION-DATE: April 6, 1977, Wednesday, Final Edition AvoiD CORRECTION: Children's Hospital National Medical Center is working to develop a vaccine to cure infant diarrhea, not bone disease, as reported in yesterday's editions. The Post regrets the error. GRAPHIC: Picture, Jihan Sadat of Egypt arriving for tea with Rosalynn Carter. By Ellsworth Davis - The Washington Post 1977 The Washington Post March 25, 1977, Friday, Final Edition HEADLINE: First Lady Shops in New York BYLINE: By Donnie Radcliffe They were singing the First Lady's praises yesterday along New York's Seventh Avenue, the same place where only two months before they had been voicing some doubts about her 6-year-old Inaugural Ball gown, in particular, and her fashion taste, in general. Rosalynn Carter, you see, had just bought her spring and summer wardrobe. It was like music to the ears of the hard-pressed International Ladies money in the bank to at least four New York design houses. In six hours on Wednesday, the First Lady had bought a couple of coats, again that many suits, several daytime dresses and at least two gowns for evening. And if she caught some designers by surprise - "The White House called just hours before she arrived," said a spokesman for designer Jerry Silverman - the ILGWU had been prepared. In fact, the ILGWU's president, Sol Chaikin, during what a spokesman called "just a friendly visit" to President Carter on March 15, set the trip in motion when he expressed the hope that Rosalynn Carter might like to visit Seventh Avenue sometime. "That's where it all began," according to Evelyn DuBrow, the ILGWU's legislative director, who, with executive vice president Wilbur Daniels and assistant president Gus Tyler, was waiting for the First Lady Wednesday when she arrived at Silverman's showrooms. Chaikin, himself, couldn't join them since he was hospitalized for minor Surgery but his wife represented him, accompanying Rosalyn Carter, her sister-in-law Ruth Carter Stapleton and the First Lady's personal assistant, Madeline MacBean, on their swift fashion rounds. Badly hit by what DuBrow called "the penetration of imports - 89 per cent of the garments sold in the United States today are imports,' the ILGWU has been losing members steadily as domestic production has dropped. "We wanted to indicate," DuBrow said of Rosalynn Carter's Wednesday visit, "that we were encouraging Americans everywhere to buy union-made clothing." Said a spokesman for Sol Chaikin yesterday in New York: "It (the Carter visit) was a tremendous boost for the industry." It was also a tremendous boost (if not necessarily in money, certainly in publicity) for some individual designers. At Silverman where the First Lady made selections "right off the rack, according to sales manager Eli Lehman, she ordered several articles in the imitation suede fabric, Ultra-suede, (three-piece suit, coat and jumper), plus a pencil-striped suit with crepe de chine shirt. At Dominic Rompoilo, who designed her Inaugural wardrobe and also added a wrap to update her ball gown, she selected six items. Among them were an all-white matte jersey floor-length dress and coat, a long "Rosalynn green" matte jersey gown, a linen jumper in banana yellow, a cotton apricot and white-striped daytime dress and another in "peanut" and white. At Abe Schrader, she chose a navy-blue coat, aqua dress and four-piece navy linen suit with vest. She also looked at sketches at Kasper. "She knows pretty well what she wants and what she likes," said Rompollo. From Seventh Avenue came indications of a welcome truce. Said Halston, who only two months ago had accused the Carters of accomplishing "a real putdown" of HRC- stay awayshom TRD-NR/PAWER emissang for the fashion industry he fashion industry by their low-key treatment: "I think it was very gracious nd very nice of Mrs. Carter to go to Seventh Avenue and be supportive of our industry." Equally positive was 1976 Coty Award-winning Mary McFadden, who called it "important" that the First Lady had made the visit. GRAPHIC: Pictures 1 and 2, First Lady Rosalyn Carter went shopping along New York's Seventh Avenue to buy her spring and summer wardrobe. Her purchases included a pinstriped suit and white crepe dress from Jerry Silverman. ROSALYNN'S AGENDA IN THE WHITE HOUSE By Kandy Stroud She has no mandate, no prescribed with Jimmy in the family dining room powers. and only a limited budget for and a half-hour at 4:30 to do home- staff. Yet just two months after mov- ing into the White House, Rosalynn work or play with Amy, she sometimes leaves her office as late as 6:30. Conse- Carter, 49, is convinced that she can quently, there are evenings when she "make a difference." is she puts it: "I just know when Jimmy was Gover- goes straight from work to the theater in her office clothes. One night, when nor there were 50 many things I could the President decided at the last min- do that I worried about my priorities. ute to go see Hal Holbrook in "Mark You know, If I was doing the most Twain Tonight!" at the Kennedy important thing. I feel the same way "My philosophy is that you do what you have to do." Center, Rosalynn sat in the Presiden- about this. There's no end to what I can do in the White House." tial box in: the beige Ultrasuede Jumper and navy blouse she had been Her agenda in the White House re- flects her own personal temperament, Roosevelt was "the Assistant things done. She thinks she has powers wearing all day. which was formed in an all-work-little- President," Rosalynn Carter could also and does not think they come from If the Carters are home for the play girlhood in Georgia, as well as have an impact on the making of evening. Rosalynn takes her batter- the feminist temper of the times. If tional policy, advising on her hus- Mrs. Carter has already displayed ed black Samsonite attaché case her first breathless weeks in the White band's programs as well as advocating her considerable powers. Largely hid- back to the family quarters and House are any clue, she may become her own, sometimes sitting in on Cabi- den from public view, she has estab- works until the President finishes the most activist First Lady since net meetings and pushing legislation lished an arduous daily routine. She in the Oval Office. They retire about Eleanor Roosevelt, whose public years she supports. usually spends eight hours at her 11 P.M. Even dinners are working ses- she has thoroughly studied. Rosalynn "I think she inherently understands Chippendale mahogany kneehole desk sions. One evening. Zbigniew Brze- has taken as her special interest the she's in a position where she can elec- surrounded by fresh flowers, four "in" zinski, White House adviser on nation- needs of the people she believes are trify people and generate excitement," and "out" boxes and Amy's pink-and- a) security, came over for a light sup- "underserved" by Government, espe- says Mary King. an old Carter friend blue gingham "tooth-fairy pillow," per to brief the Carter family and some claily the mentally and emotionally III, who is now deputy director of AC- which she has tucked on an empty staff members. Rosalynn found It so and the cause of human rights-espe- TION, the Government's volunteer bookshelf in her yellow- and-apricot fascinating she told friends she cially women's rights. Just as Mrs. agency. "She wants to do something East Wing office. Starting at 9:30 A.M., thought it was too bad the discussion national in impact and realizes she's in she makes telephone calls to gather couldn't have been on public televi- a position to use that Influence to do information from experts In the field sion. Kandy Stroud, who has been cover- good. She has never said this, but I of mental health, has meetings with Tuesday and Thursday mornings, ing the Carter family for the past year, have always felt that in her heart she her staff, answers heaps of mail, and she presides over a 45-minute staff adapted this article from a chapter of believes the Lord has put her in a lobbies for the Equal Rights Amend- meeting in her conference room around her new book, "How Jimmy Won." unique situation where she could get ment. Allowing a half-hour for lunch a highly polished oval table, sur- The New York Times Magazine/March 20, 1977 19 PHOTOCOPY PRESERVATION PHOTOCOPY PRESERVATION 1 rounded by green leather chairs Staff- "She'll do what she member from voted for the amendment, it passed, ers claim she guides those meetings of Georgia," the President predicts. Earth, Minn. "She is interested in 26-24, and Rosalynn was credited with decisively, making speedy decisions. "She probed to see how she could be prisoners who receive inadequate men- breaking the tie. "She knows exactly what she wants," of service to the people. She involved tal care," said Mrs. Schotzko later. The White House received 50 critical says Ann Anderson, her deputy press herself in programs to combat alcohol- "And she said, because she's from a phone calls and Townsend was secretary. She goes around the table ism and drug abuse. She took the rural area, she wants to see more plagued with hate mail, but Rosalynn eliciting opinions and information initiative in mental retardation. She'd facilities in rural communities persisted in her low-key telephone from her team of 16 women and two come to me and say, This is what we Less than two weeks later, with campaign. She and Jimmy both phoned men, and sometimes gales of laughter need to do.' Then she'd come back Rosalynn standing by his side, Carter several North Carolina legislators urg- can be heard pealing down the red. to me with a description of what was signed an executive order creating the ing them to/vote for the E.R.A. there, carpeted halls. "It's really nice to necessary. And that's what we imple- President's Commission on Mental but with less success. The amendment work with her," says one staff mem- mented. It was innovative and work- Health. The commission is charged was defeated on March 1. ber who, like many others, calls her able." Asked if he would try to silence with trying to identify the nation's After another surge of critical calls "Rosalynn." "She's businesslike, but Rosalynn if she were as outspoken as mental health needs. It will assess the and some anti-E.R.A. picketing in front very. informal. I looked up from my Betty Ford, he smiled, "If I did, it quality of existing services, estimate of the White House, Mrs. Carter desk one morning and she was just probably wouldn't do any good." the nation's mental-health needs over stopped announcing all her activities standing there. IL she wants Like Eleanor Roosevelt, who traveled the next quarter-century and try to. on behalf of the E.R.A. Nevertheless, something, she'll just walk right down widely, Rosalynn plans to serve as rov. identify what research the Government she ordered her projects director, Kathy the hall instead of phoning." ing ambassador for her husband. She should support in both the prevention Cade, to meet with representatives Most afternoons, she is plagued with has already stood in for him at the in- and treatment of mental illness and from ERAmerica, a coalition of 120 meetings-with the budget office, with auguration of President José López men'al retardation. groups supporting ratification, as well the legal counsel, with the chief usher, Portillo of Mexico and is expected to Dr. Thomas Bryant; a friend of the as Senator Bayh, Mary Brooks of the Rex Scouten, and the housekeeping fly to Latin America to promote some Carler's who has been president of the League of Women Voters. Roz Baker staff, with her son Chip about his cultural and student exchange pro-- Drug-Abuse Council since 1971, was of the National Education Association. projects.-with-her-project-planners: grams. Rosalynn also intends to take a appointed executive director. (Ironical- and Presidential aides Midge Costanza Rosalynn occasionally works on Satur- half-dozen trips within the United ly, Rosalynn could not be designated and Mark Siegel. to discuss strategy days, too. On one weekend, she spent States in the next three months to chairman because Presidents are for passage of the E.R.A. The Presi- the day at a mental-health conference visit hospitals and nursing homes and prohibited from appointing close rela- dent and Mrs. Carter are said to be and managed to have lunch with the attend mental-health hearings. tives to civilian positions. "So," said quietly reassessing their ratification wife of a friend who had been hospital- Rosalynn Carter's first priority, Rosalynn with a twinkle, "I am going strategy and may go beyond the per- ized. She's no time-waster. clearly, is improving the delivery of to be a very active honorary chairper- sonal, last-minute lobbying of the She has also embarked on a program mental-health services in this country. son.") She promised to work on the past two months. For the moment, of extracurricular studies. From 9 Her first week in the White House was commission every week in its offices however, Mrs. Carter plars to limit until noon on Tuesdays, Wednesdays herself to phone calls. and Fridays, she takes Spanish lessons in the solarium, to become fluent for several Latin American trips she plans After only two months in the White House, the Rosalynn Carter has already identi- to take during the next four years. 'steel magnolia' with the soft drawl promises fied but not yet acted on her third And every Tuesday night at 7 P.M., and fourth priorities: help for the she and her husband take a refresher speed-reading course so they can cope to be the most active First Lady in decades. aging and encouragement of "volun- teerism." She plans to meet later this with the mountains of reading that spring with Ellen Sulzberger Straus, confront them daily. founder of Call to Action, a national If she has found plenty to do as citizen complaint service, and will prob- First Lady, Rosalynn has at least been spent discussing her plan for the Pres- in the Executive Office Building. She ably become involved with ACTION. the relieved of one wifely duty. For 25 ident's Commission on Mental Health will attend mental-health hearings volunteer Government agency that en- years. she sprang out of bed at dawn with Dr. Peter Bourne, a special assist- around the country and help to raise compasses the Peace Corps, VISTA, and fixed her husband a hearty break- ant to the President and close friend private money to supplement the com- and Foster Grandparents. "The volun- fast-coffee, grits, eggs. toast, juice. of the family. She asked him to find mission's small budget. teerism Rosalynn is talking about is But Jimmy discovered recently that he out how Presidential commissions simple citizen participation," explains has little time for breakfast and. were formed and which ones had been Rosalynn's second priority in the Mrs. Straus. "She's interested in peo. what's more, does not really like it. successful in the past. She also wanted White House is passage of the Equal ple joining together to bring about "He has just orange Juice," she says. Bourne to arrange an inspection trip Rights Amendment. Although she social change outside the pay system "In fact, he told me during the cam- to the National Institute of Health in did not publicly work for the E.R.A. and she wants to provide the leader- paign that he enjoyed his mornings Bethesda, Md., so she could study what in Georgia except to wear an "E.R.A.- ship. Rosalynn, I think, wants to em- so much more because he didn't have research was being done. "She wants YES" button, she's now actively cam- phasize that programs can work if to eat the big breakfast I used to fix to help those who cannot either afford paigning for passage of the amend- implemented by people helping people. for him. I wish I had known that 25 mental health or those who are in re- ment, as is the President. Like her husband, she wants to see years ago." mote areas where services are not "She'll speak softly and carry a big that people really care about each available." explains Bourne. "She is stick," says Mary Hoyt, her press sec. other again. We've lost that." also worried about adolescents who retary. Two days before the Inaugura- As First Lady of Georgia, Rosalynn' are usually reluctant to go to a place tion, Jan. 18, Rosalynn learned that did a great deal of volunteer work in called a 'mental-health center.' She the Indiana State Senate was tied, 25. the mental-health field, and she will wants to see mental-health services 25, on the E.R.A. On the advice of Sen: attempt to revitalize the "service" available in the marketplace." ator Birch Bayh, she phoned W. Wayne concept nationally. She feels very A few days later, on Feb. 5, Rosa. Townsend, an Indiana State Senator strongly about it, as she explained to lynn quietly slipped out of the White who had supported the amendment but an audience in Bakesfield, Calif., last House to attend a board meeting of now seemed to be wavering. Rosalynn October: "Aside from doing everything t Is, of course, the National Association for Mental was not the first Carter to lobby possible provide programs for Rosalynn Carter's special working Health in Artington, Va. The meeting Townsend; Carter's daughter-in-law people who are seriously ill, I want to partnership with her husband that will was completely closed to the press; had been dispatched to Indiana two do everything humanly possible to define her role and determine her ef. not even a pool reporter was permitted weeks before to talk to him. "There help create a more caring society so fectiveness as First Lady. But she also inside. "She wanted to be here like was no high pressure," Townsendgre- that we can begin to counter the pain- comes to the White House with con- the rest of us," one board member calls. Rosalynn was "very sweet land ful loneliness and sense of helpless- fidence, experience and some definite said. "She didn't make a speech pleasant. She talked about Judy ness which has engulfed too many of plans. She clearly plans to be the guid- or anything. She Just listened and took Langford's trip out here to lobby for our people." ing force behind the new President's notes and voted on the issues." After E.R.A. and other things, and she said The public is already familiar with Commission on Mental Health, to lobby the meeting. Rosalynn lingered to talk she hoped I'd vote for the amendment. Mrs. Carter's public self. the no-non- for the Equal Rights Amendment, to to the other participants. She dis- Of course, she didn't convince me; I sense, 1950's housewife with the circle encourage more volunteering among cussed the concept of what she calls was planning to vote for it anyway." pin, drip-dry suits and short per- Americans and help for the aging. "the underserved" with Judy Schotzko, That afternoon, when Townsend (Continued on Page 58) 20 lesbianism-or bisexuality, as they prefer to call it the faculty, not only reclaimed the power lost to For the average student at Sarah Lawrence- issue has be. the men but subjected the campus to a far more bright. privileged, with a view of life shaped by a extra charge with Anniversary number will be E The of will also receive a I understand I an turn it for # full at any time isco Rosalynn Spa Continued from Page 20 manent wave. They feel they wouldn't believe her a few understand this woman of years ago; she was painfully clear purpose. deep religious withdrawn." says Lehman faith and accomplishment. She Franklin. a friend of the Car- is, of course, all of these ters from Statesville, Ga. Her things, but she's much more life has been a series of strug. complex. gles, overcoming poverty, her There's the "steel-magno- own introversion, her small- Lia," a tough, shrewd power- town background. "My phi- behind-the-throne, ambitious losophy Is that you do what both for herself and her hus- you have to do," she has said: band. And there's the woman and her life attests to that of the soft drawl. shy, yet credo. It's a story of personal overtly affectionate, a giggler growth and a strong marriage. who allows herself to weep It began when Jimmy decid- overed publicly if the occasion merits ed to leave the Navy and re- great umes of Rioja. it. She has a great deal of turn to Plains to take over ams most celebrated wine Southern charm, but she can the family peanut business 1100 For great vintages also be blunt with reporters, after his father died in 1953. values look for blast her mother-in-law or Rosalynn had resisted the scream with rage when Jimmy move. After a dreary child- many brands of Rioja turns up the music too loud. hood in Plains, spent looking your dealers shell "She may be soft-spoken, but after her three siblings while ur best value people tend to underestimate her mother worked, Rosalynn ne wines today her." explains Jody Powell. was enjoying the glamour of "If you've ever been on the a naval officer's life: the opposite side in a dispute. travel, the independence, her This seal is you've made a very serious distance from a domineering the guarantee of mistake." mother and mother-in-law. an authentic Rioja. What is surprising. for She now sees the return to someone who seems so com- Plains differently: "I think the 1111 Minge MIRKS INFORMATION HUMI Al fortable in most social situa- relationship [with Jimmy] sington Avenue You York " 10021 tions, is that Rosalynn Carter really started when we re- is basically a loner. She has turned to Plains," she says. few intimate women friends She became an integral part with the exception of her of the family business, and, childhood chum, Ruth Staple- for the first time in their mar- ton. Carter's evangelist sister: riage, felt indispensable, need- Edna Langford, the mother of ed and involved: "As the busi- her daughter-in-law. Judy: and ness developed, Jimmy would Madeline MacBean. her as- come to me and say. 'Does sistant. "I've never had time this work: should we continue for friends." Rosalynn told to do this in the business me. "I've always worked too Are we making any money on hard. Besides. I never was one that?' And 1 could advise for coffee klatches Jim- him." my Carter is her best friend. At the same time, she is Author James Dickey says seen as a self-contained, of Southern women. "They're basically happy woman with very loving and very affection- a very stable personality. "She ate but they really think their is the most put-together wom- men are dependent upon an I know," says Mary Hoyt. them. If their man is brilliant, "She knows exactly who she they think he's brilliant be- is and what she wants." cause they've helped him be As there is little artificial brilliant. Basically they think about Rosalynn Carter. their men are weak and could neither is there much room for never have gotten anywhere levity or leisure. During the without their help." campaign, she spent more To some extent. Rosalynn than in Florida, seems to have felt this way but never paused for a swim about Jummy's political car or sunbath (she's allergic to reer. She recalls when he was sun, pollen, dust, dogs- elected for the first time, as "everything"). She isn't inter- a State Senator, in Georgia ested in most forms of exer- in 1962. "I had to manage the cise, but instead tries to business three months a year maintain her vigor by swal- when Jimmy was away in the lowing multi-vitamins. She State Legislature. And I felt Breakfront! has never smoked and drinks very, very important, because only occasionally, usually a he couldn't have done it at black. In antique white. Or in glass of wine, which is all all if 1 hadn't managed the she serves at White House business." with chinoiserie. They're all of elegant furniture. Come dinners. Nor does she give Jimmy and hours. Rosalynn Carter was not the entire credit for winning Cosmetics ( always the self-confident po- his gubernatorial race in 1970. accepted am litical wife she is today. "You He decided, in that campsign, Haven: 203 GRAD'S handling du merchandise STREET, PATERSON M.S. 07988 (201) 775-4341 PHOTOCOPY PRESERVATION that he needed her to 80 out before Christmas' Instead." and campaign for him, despite Even after her husband left her painful shyness. And she the Governor's office In 1974, did, stumping the state with Rosalynn continued to attend the entire family. To her way meetings of the National of thinking, she and her fami- Association for Mental ly were an integral part of Health. She was appointed a his victory. "We've always member of its board last June. worked together on every- Most friends agree that thing. And we've always had Jimmy's running for President a tremendous sense of accom- was what stretched Rosa- plishment, like when Jimmy lynn's capabilities and talents got elected Governor. to their fullest. Few could be- It was not that Jimmy got lieve the way retiring Rosa- elected Governor. It was that lynn set about campaigning. we all did. conquering her initial diffi- Once Jimmy became Gover- dençe with willpower and nor, she was confronted with some loving encouragement a whole new set of problems from Jimmy. With her deter- -running a million-dollar mination to see her husband mansion, directing a staff of President, she searched out 14, entertaining for hundreds hardhats on construction proj. put of people every week. But she ects, canvassed restaurant also realized she could use. and airport waiting rooms for white stag D. kitchens, senior-citizen homes her platform as Governor's wife to accomplish things she votes. She never let a hand wanted. She immediately go by. She campaigned alone. into play made mental health her main maintaining the same back. priority, perhaps because she breaking schedule as her hus- knew two members of Car- band, beginning with 4:30 today! A.M. factory shift changes B. ter's family who had been in- stitutionalized for mental and often ending at midnight. problems. She became a seasoned politician, steady and unflap- She had also been struck, pable. Last fall, appearing while campaigning in the on "Meet the Press." a TV gubernatorial race, by the fre- show that has broken lesser quent questions people kept mortals, Rosalynn fielded a directing at her: "What will barrage of questions on Car- he [Carter] do to help me with ter's issues, his ethnic purity my retarded son if he's elect. gaffe, and his statements in ed Governor?" or "I have a the Playboy Interview with child with an emotional prob- the aplomb of Scarlett O'Hara. lem. Where can I get help for Afterward, Senator Fritz Hol- him?" Rosalynn recalls asking lings of South Carolina com- her husband about It one mented to a friend that it was night: "Jimmy, why do they "the best political perform- tell me all about their prob- ance under fire that I've ever lems?" she wondered. "Be- seen." She was equally Im- cause," he said, "you might pressive narrating Aaron Cop- be the only person they ever land's "A Lincoln Portrait" see who may be close to some- last fall before an audience of Pick your playing partners from this brisk bright body who can help them." 2,000 in Washington's Con- new collection of sportives. Everything in blue ribbon, As Georgia's First Lady, stitution Hall, with Leonard sun yellow and white wash easy-care polyester- Rosalynn not only attended Bernstein. conducting a full cotton. mental-health hearings all symphony orchestra. Rosa- over the state and helped to lynn had read neither the A. The ring-sleeve fee. Yellow or blue with white spearhead the opening of 136 score nor the text until dress S.M.L. 16.00. Name new mental health centers, rehearsal but though her B. The D ring-waist skirt with deep hip pockets. Address but she also worked as an knees were quaking. she 6 to 18. 24.00. ordinary volunteer at the never missed a downbeat. City/Stat Georgia Regional Hospital in Making her way through a C. The short sleeved print shirt. Blue or yellow Apt Atlanta, selling candy in the sea of accolades afterward, with white. 6 to 16. 16.00. Account gift shop, giving shampoos, she whispered to me, "Can D. The pullover blouson with drawstring. 6 to 16. 28.00. Charge visiting patients on the wards you believe I did that?" E. The classic pants. 6 to 18. 18.00. and making follow-up calls to Rosalynn also enjoyed her Mot and F. The Rugby fee. White with blue or yellow. SML 16.00. patients who had been re. community reputation as Carter's per- sonal campaign adviser. "I G. The fly-front culotte skirt. elastic back. 6 to 18. 22.00. 175 Wise leased. "She never thought of 10022 Dep herself as something special," have very strong opinions Plaza 2 Misses' Sportswear, 2nd Roor. New York New vork recalls a fellow volunteer. about everything. And I Bergan Co. "She'd do anything for pa- always let Jimmy know how and all fashion branches. Hash Mead Garden Ce tlents." She even played touch I feel," she says. The doesn't White Stog is a division of Wamaco Short Hills football with them. "There was always react well to every- only one thing I couldn't get thing. But there are very few her to do," says Barbara things Jimmy decides that we Sugarman, Georgia's Direc- don't talk about." Carter ad- tor of Volunteer Services. mits this himself. "She oper- unshine and "She had learned the hula in ates independently from me. vrap coat by Hawali and really knew how She helps form my post- nese Arnel" to do it, so I asked her to per- tions because she has a sensi- blooming hein the sun! form for the talent show one tive way of understanding nest you, year, but she talked Jimmy what other people feel. Also, into reading Twas the night she is able to get a much more 1000 Third Avenue, New York. 355-59 PHOTOCOPY Before you buy frank and PRESERVATION read the of criticl I can. Rosalynn 1000 Third Avenue, New York. 355-5900. Open late Monday and Thursday evenings. The New York Times Magazine/March 20. 1977 61 Before you buy frank and unbiased expression a fine print, read the of criticism from people than I can. They can approach fineprint. Rosalynn and say, 'I-think Jimmy ought to do this,' or, 'He's hurting himself when he Chances are, you own or have been fails to do this.' So in every thinking of buying one or more fine possible way she's a full part. prints. For enjoyment. For investment. ner or better Or for both. The fierce devotion between You may dabble in prints of the deeply involved. You may be interested in them is rather unusual for a the masters of old of contemporary artists couple who've been married In any case, there's one and only for 30 years. They hold hands one publication for you. constantly, even in church, sit The Print Collector's Newsletter, the with their knees touching, illustrated. every-other-month newsletter think nothing of kissing in that covers all the fascinating facen of the art and acquisition of prints. Twenty public. His feeling for her was four pages devoted to background. never more evident than the analysis, review and information that you'll find intriguing " well " morning after the third debate invaluable. Even il you invest A modest amount in prints. you may " last fall when the two of well discover how to get the most for your money. In pleasure " well as them made a Joint appearance in value. in Virginia. Rosalynn had Wouldn't you like to read the most up-to-the-minute news from the been traveling all over the thriving international print market? Articles hv and about leading curators, scholars. dealer, collectors, publishers and the artists, country for the past several themselves? Wouldn't you like to know which American printinakers weeks lionizing Jimmy Carter. are being bought right now by discerning European collectors What the On the stump. Rosalynn experts say about traditional techniques and materials compared to always gave the speech her mudern procedures? How to care for fine prints? What's been staten of all. but that morning was dif. faked and how to watch for them? What's happening today that will ferent. She was showing off affect the value of your prints tomorrow? The Print Collector's Newsletter has it all, including such for Jimmy, who had never continuing features as: heard the speech before but Print prices from auctions throughout the world. organized by was paying no attention. He artists 60 you can check on those who interest you. was going over notes with a Full coverage for the collector of photography man sitting next to him. Forthcoming auction dates and places. "I've known him all my New prints, multiples. portfolios, livres de luxe. and the life," she said. Suddenly appropriate subscription data. Major print acquisitions by the museums of the world Jimmy looked up. Reviews of American and European print exhibitions "I think his background is Reviews and listings of significant books and catalogues-analyses so important, the fact that of new publications affecting your print investment he's a farmer, he's worked for National and international print exhibitions of note. a living. The fact that he's a Inside information and trade talk of the print world: article. businessman is so important. galleries. museums, publishers I worked. The children The Print Collector's Newsletter is not available at newstand. any other periodical retailers. Virial one year's subscription costs only worked. I kept the books. We $18. Or, to save $9, enroll now for the three year subscription. worked hard. We scrimped and saved to make the busi- The Print Collector's Newsletter ness a success." Jimmy was listening intently. 205 East 78th Street-1.D New York, N.Y. 10021 "When he was Governor, he abolished 278 of 300 agencies. Please enroll me 21 a subscriber to The Print Collection's Newsletter beginning with the current issue. He got the phone company to check how much waste there I Year -$18. Via international air mail I year $23. was and he saved $800 just 3 Years -$45. Via international all mail. 3 years $60. Bill me on the phone bills Jimmy Payment enclosed London Fog Carter knows human beings Name in this country. And Jimmy brightens up any (please print) has never had any hint of Street City scandal in his business or per. sonal life." Tears were begin- weather report. State Zip Country ning to trickle down Carter's NYT-4-77 face. He brushed them away and, as she finished, sprang Slide into it. Zip it up. Sash it, and you're off! This is a to the lectern to thank her. jacket you live in because it's easy and casual. With deep kissing her and squeezing her pockets, shirt cuffs and a hood, it's of 50% Fortrel" so hard he lifted her off the polyester and 50% cotton and Zepel* treated against rain and stain Style Kitty available in: SHOE ground "That's beautiful,' he whispered. "Beautiful. Colors: Grass Green, Red, White HINON Carter stepped up to the Sizes: 6 to 14. OF microphone with his arm Price: $45.00. around Rosalynn. "How many of you would like to have Rosalynn as First Lady?" he From the outerwear experts at Londontown Corporation, asked. The crowd roared its Londonlown Boulevard, (idersburg, MD. 21784. approval. Carter's face radi. ated contentment. "So would 1," he said. In this, Jimmy Carter got LORD & TAYLOR FAMOLARE (201) what he wanted. And in the M te House, with her drive All Stores and closeness to Jimmy. Rosa. Iyan is likely to get much of what she wants, too. The New York Times Magazine/March 20 1977 63 PHOTOCOPY PRESERVATION which nas branches at the what was Katanga Province. These sol- the project. Pennsylvania and the University of Democrats and 94 Republicans diers, who we trained by white merce- In an open letter "to the citizens of Southern California, to have. been retain the amendment. naries, foug ;ainst United Nations New York City" that appears as an ad. part of the propose thwest wing of In the New York delegation. five forces early Lile 1960's during an at- vertisement on page 16 of today's the museum, origin scheduled to Republicans-Jack Kemp, Norman H. Continued on Page 5, Column I New York Times, the 68-year-old pub- house galleries for Western European and Lent, Donald J. Mitchell, William F, lisher and former Ambassador to Britain 20th-century art. Mr. Annenberg had of- Walsh and John W. Wydler-opposed re- expressed misgivings over "a host of mis- fered $20 million for construction and peal. All New Jersey Representatives Son of Mrs. Gandhi conceptions" that he said had arisen another $20 million to operate the center voted for repeal and Ronald A. Sarasin, since the project was announced last No. over a 10-year period. Republican, was the only Connecticut Is Reported Unhurt vember. The center had been projected as a member to oppose it. "At this juncture." he declared, "unless joining of a school of communications In the major test vote in the Senate in Shooting Attack there is overwhelming approval by the with a museum, a development that its today. an amendment by Senator Byrd trustees of the Metropolitan Museum of proponents said would have far-reaching was rejected; 45 to 28. It would have 1 implications for the educational role of Art and those responsible in civic affairs continued imports of Rhodesian chrome By WILLIAM BORDERS museums. It was to use films, television, in New York City, I will drop the project until the President could certify that all Special to The New York Times in relation to the Metropolitan Museum Continued on Page 42, Column 4 Continued on Page 2, Column 3 NEW DELHI, Tuesday. March 15-San- jay Gandhi, Prime Minister Indira Gandhi's 30-year-old son, escaped injury INSIDE last night when shots were fired at his Mrs. Carter Sees Role Widening jeep during a campaign tour, the Govern- ment-controlled news agency here report- Changed Drug Law Sought By JAMES T. WOOTEN 9 ed this morning. The Carter Administration asked Con- Mr. Gandhi's security guard returned Special to The New York Thoes gress to remove criminal penalties for the fire, but the attackers managed to WASHINGTON, March 14-About a marijuana use and said it was exam- escape under cover of darkness, the agen- month ago. when someone asked Rosa- ining its position on cocaine. Page 15. :y said. lynn Carter if she thought she could wield Mr. Gandhi, who was one of his moth- any real power as the honorary head of Fannie Lou Hamer Dies er's closest advisers during the year and a Presidential commission, she responded 1 half of stern emergency rule in India. Fannie Lou Hamer. a sharecropper on haltingly, hesitantly. a bit uncertain of S a controversial figure. Widely regarded a Mississippi plantation who became her words. is a symbol of governmental excesses a nationally known advocate of civil "I think." she said. pausing to consider n that period. he had himself become rights, died at the age of 60. Page 40. them carefully, "I think that if I want in issue in the parliamentary election to, I can-and I intend to." campaign, with opposition candidates all Financing for City U. The moment passed quickly, but it may over the country attacking him and the Mayor Beame's office is planning to have provided a casual benchmark for influential role he has played, which they shift the start of City University's fiscal measuring the impact of life in the White lescribe as "extraconstitutional." year from January to April to help close House on the President's soft-spoken It was reported that three of the five the city's budget deficit. Page 40. wife. shots that were fired at Mr. Gandhi hit He had been in office not quite a month About New York 34 Music 42.45 PRESERVATION PHOTOCOPY the side of the vehicle in which he was that day, and the considerable weight and riding, at the end of a day of campaigning Books 35 Notes on People 31 Bridge 34 Obituaries 40 privilege of her own role seemed vague in the rural area, 300 miles southeast of Business 50-63 Op-Ed 37 to her, certainly not as clearly defined here, from which he is seeking election Crossword 35 Sports 46-50 as they appeared to be today when she Editorials 36 Theaters 42-45 :0 Parliament. Family/Style 32-33 Transportation 72 talked at length about her new world, With the election scheduled for tomor- Finance 50-63 TV and Radio 73-75 its possibilities, its problems and the new row, yesterday was the last day of cam- Going Out Guide 44 U.N. Events 8 Movies 42-45 Weather 72 style she has decreed for social events baigning in the area, where Mr. Gandhi News Summary and Index. Page 39 in the old mansion. has been following an arduous schedule "It's really kind of funny to me to see YOU CAN run classified advertising nationally, Mendar Continued on Page 10, Column 2 through Friday. Only 75 tents & Line added to the regular people kind of squirm because we don't The New York Times rate. Call (212) OX 5-3311 for information. -Adve. serve liquor in the White House," she ADOPTED persons thinking of secking out your natural CALL THIS TOLL-FREE NUMBER TO ORDER HOME Rosalynn Carter during Interview arents Read Twice Born: Memoirs of an Adopted Daughter DELIVERY OF THE NEW NEW YORK TIMES-800-325- ", Betty Jean Lifton first. Now a Penguin paperback Advt. Continued on Page 26, Column 1 at the White House yesterday. 6400. It's a lot more than the news-Advi. 26 L NEW YORK TIMES. TUESDAY. MARCH 15. 1977 MRS. CARTER SEES The 4 Of HER ROLE WIDENING Continued From Page I said In an Interview in her office In the East Wing. "I kind of enjoy it. It doesn't bother me at all. "I don't object to anybody drinking. They can drink if they want to, but if I don't want to serve liquor in the White House, I don't have to do it, and I don't want to do it." Painfully shy when Mr. Carter first ran for public office seat in the Georgia Senate-15 years ago, the growth of his wife's public personality has matched the pace of his success. Similarly, her ease with the arbitrary power of her position CARACAS seems to have increased at a rate equal to his own-neither faster nor slower, Just A almost always in step. "You learn from the things that you VIASA do and from the things that you see." tours that spet she said. And in the 53 days since the Carters moved into the White House, she retard the cost has done and seen a great deal. Rio and Bueno "You can't believe how many things," cities in three she said, recounting four state dinners just 41/2 hours and the press of a daily schedule that ington and 31 includes other public appearances and city of progres such personal projects as her honorary of the towering chairmanship of the President's Commis- eler's dream de sion on Mental Health and a new program the Paris of So for the exchange of American and foreign for internation visitors. United Press International What doe Stil, she said, when her husband fin- Edward J. Thompson with his wife, Katherine, at their home In Clinton, Mass., yesterday all three cities. Ishes his term, she will be quite happy to return to their rambling brick house Aerolineas Ar: PRESERVATION PHOTOCOPY on Woodland Drive in Plains, Ga., the land cost of $2 village where they met and married near- ly 31 years ago. President to Stay Overnight With ypical Family' Theirs has been a good relationship. she said, built not only on sharing and WASHINGTON, March 14 (UPI)-Presi- is a lifelong resident of Clinton, a mill "He is so busy at work, my husband respect but on a mutual encouragement dent Carter will stay at the home of an town 35 miles northwest of Boston. of has no time for political or social activi- for individual achievement as well. official of a beer distributing company 13,500 persons, mostly Democrats of Irish lies,' she said. Two Years of Travel and his family in Clinton, Mass., after descent. "I'm not a fund raiser." said Mr. VENEZUE attending a town hall meeting there "We're staunch Democrats," said Mrs. Thompson. "That's what did it:" For example, she said, when he asked Wednesday night, the White House said Thompson as she protested politely over The Thompsons have five grandchil-- her to be the bookkeeper for the family's today. the telephone that she had. little time to dren. Four of their eight children still peanut business 23 years ago, "he just talk because she wanted to get the house live at home. Three are married. and one, Rex Granum, White House deputy press assumed-that I could do it." She went Patrick, is a junior at Indiana University. secretary, said that the host would be Ed- ready for her guest. on: "So, I would never say, 'I can't do ward J. Thompson. He and his wife Kath- this.' I did it, and it's just because he erine, both Democrats, whom Mr. Carter had confidence in me. He thought I could has no yet met, were not active in his do it and he-or he knew I could do Presidential campaign. it, and so I did it. There have been reports the President "I think that's how you develop confi- planned to stay at the home of Eva Hes- dence, because I decided that I could do ter, Democratic national committeewom- an who ran unsuccessfully against Lieut. those books and I got to be a good book- Gov. Thomas O'Neill Jr., son of the House keeper. I almost got my C.P.A. license, Speaker, but changed hosts after a pro- but then Jimmy ran for Governor and test from Mr. O'Neill. I stopped keeping books." Mr. Granum said that Mr. Thompson, "We all knew that we would cam- 56 years old, was office manager for the paign," she said, speaking of her three Burke Distributing Company, a beer dis. Un assumed- that I could do it." She went secretary, said that the host would be Ed- ready for her guest. on: "So, I would never say, 'I can't do ward J. Thompson. He and his wife Kath- this.' I did it, and it's just because he erine, both Democrats, whom Mr. Carter had confidence in me. He thought I could has no yet met, were not active in his do it and he-or he knew I could do Presidential campaign. it, and 50 I did it. There have been reports the President "I think that's how you develop confi- planned to stay at the home of Eva Hes- dence, because I decided that I could do ter, Democratic national committeewom- an who ran unsuccessfully against Lieut. those books and I got to be a good book- Gov. Thomas O'Neill Jr., son of the House keeper. I almost got my C.P.A. license, Speaker, but changed hosts after a pro- but then Jimmy ran for Governor and test from Mr. O'Neill. I stopped keeping books." Mr. Granum said that Mr. Thompson. "We all knew that we would cam- 56 years old, was office manager for the paign," she said, speaking of her three Burke Distributing Company, a beer dis- sons and herself. "You know, Jimmy tributor in Randolph, Mass. He has a never said, 'I want you to go do this bachelor of science degree in accounting and go we just-it was just an un- from Bentley College in Boston. The Thompsons are Roman Catholics derstand that we would all do it. and the parents of eight children. ranging "And it was hard. yeah. I had to make in age from 14 to 28. They are described myself do that. I couldn't-I hated to as a "typical family." make speeches, but I think as you do these things, you develop a confidence 'Average American Family' and you learn." CLINTON, Mass., March 14 (AP)-Mr. After Mr. Carter's four years as Gover- and Mrs. Edward J. Thompson were no- nor of Georgia, from 1971 until 1975. his tified yesterday that they had been se- wife went back to Plains to what she lected as hosts to Mr. Carter on his first likes to call "my home and things." "meet-the-people" trip since taking office She stayed about six weeks before in January. beginning almost two years of constant "Just the avareg American family." travel as her husband's Presidential cam- said Mr. Thompson who, like his wife paign surrogate. "But that's something-we always criticism directed at Mr. Carter's use of knew that when we got home, we would the term "defensible orders" during the be campaigning," she said. recent visit of Prime Minister Yitzhak As a result of her gypsy discipline-she Rabin of Israel, Mrs. Carter took the same once made appearances in seven cities position that the President has taken. in a single day--she acquired the experi- "I'll tell you what Jimmy told me," ence and the knowledge of national prob- she said. "I said, 'Jimmy, some people lems and issues that is now useful to say you talk first and think later.' And her in discussing them with the President. he said. 'They don't know how much I "I argue and debate with Jimmy all think.' the time about the issues or the way I "He just thinks that you need to be see things, all about what he's doing." open with the American people. That's she said, but she declined to say precisely what he said all during the campaign- what they disagreed on. that he thinks we've conducted our doings in private. in secret, for too long. For Those Who Need It and that he thinks that people need to It was difficult to ascertain in her con- know what's going on. He thinks very, versation today any possible point of con- very carefully before he says any of those tention between her and the President. things. PRESERVATION From subject to subject, answer to an- "But the reason people react is because PHOTOCOPY swer, her words, like her campaign it's different and they don't-they think. speeches, seemed echoes of her hus- 'Well, he must have slipped up and said band's, rather nonideological but with a that Kecause nobody's said that before." certain sense of conservatism. It's because it's different. But he doesn't Addressing herself to the nation's wel. slip up. He knows what he's saying." fare system. for instance, Mrs. Carter Mrs. Carter said she tried to "get Amy said, "I can understand why people feel off to school every day" before heading the way they do about the Government to her pleasant office on the second floor taking our money for taxes and giving of the East Wing of the White House. it-you know, just throwing it away. At times, she said, she picks up reading Then, quickly, as her husband would. material and returns to her desk in the she added that of course there must be residential quarters to work alone. welfare for those who need it. The President usually lunches in his "Some way, we have to get it across office. but the linner hour is a family to the public that it can work, that there affair with Amy. the 9-year-old. always is a need for it and-and some way to present. Two of the Carters' three sons. cut down on the abuses of it," she said. Chip and Jeff. and their wives are usually She supports the recent increases in there. 100. salary for members of Congress, she <aid, Except. of course. on those nights when because-as the President has said-it the State Dining Room is ablaze with is "better to pay good men to serve 50 another dinner for another foreign digni- that they will not have, or be tempted tary who discovers that Rosalynn Smith to accept, monies that they shou' in't Carter has decided and declared that there accept.' shall be no liquor served in the White Still. she added. using the contrapuntal House. shetoric $0 familiar in her husband's But is there liquor upstairs, she was speeches, "the ethics code must go along" asked. with the pay rise. "Well." she said. smiling slightly. "a Responding to a question about the little bit." ORGANIZE YOUR PAPERWORK JOAN MONDALE t 1/3/all 1/3/1 424600 CIS ACCESSION NUMBER: 84-H621-21 NUMBER OF ANALYTICS: 8 'ITLE: Federal Pay Equity Act of 1984, Part 1. SOURCE: Apr. 3, 4, 1984 CONGRESSIONAL SESSION: 98-2 iv+369 p + FICHE: 6 ITEM NO: 1022-B; 1022-C SUPERINTENDENT OF DOCUMENTS CLASS NUMBER: Y4.P84/10:98-29 MONTHLY CATALOG NUMBER: 84-24748. LC CARD NUMBER: 84-603422 DOCUMENT TYPE: HEARING JOURNAL ANNOUNCEMENT: 8412 ANALYTIC RECORD ACCESSION NUMBER: 0424600 CIS ACCESSION NUMBER: 84-H621-21.7 DATE: Additional PAGE (S) Testimony, p. 12-128. WITNESSES: Barnes, Michael D. (Rep, D-Md), p. 12-20.; Mikulski, Barbara A. (Rep, D-Md), p. 15-20.; Kaptur, Marcy (Rep, D-Ohio), p. 17-20.; Hoyer, Steny H. (Rep, D-Md), p. 18-20.; Jackson, Jacqueline p. 21-24.; Mondale, Joan A. both wives of former Pres candidates, p. 24-32.; Ter Wisscha, Glennis member, Willmar Eight, p. 25-32.; Keyes, Martha former Rep, Kans; spokesperson for former Pres candidate Hart, p. 32-37.; Reder, Nancy chairperson, Natl Committee on Pay Equity, p. 69-82.; Brown, Quincalee exec dir, Amer Assn of Univ Women, p. 77-82.; Koole, Florine asst to exec vp, Communications Workers of Amer, p. 105-110.; Johnson, Sonia candidate for Pres, Citizens Party, p. 110-113.; McCarthy, Leo T. Lt Gov, Calif, p. 120-124.; Oberstar, James L. (Rep, D-Minn), p. 124-128.; Bates, Jim (Rep, D-Calif), p. 127-128.; 1/3/2 012908 CIS ACCESSION NUMBER: 80-S401-45 NUMBER OF ANALYTICS: 2 PITLE: Art in Architecture. SOURCE: Sept. 25, 1979 CONGRESSIONAL SESSION: 96-1 iii+65 p + FICHE: 3 ITEM NO: 1037-A SUPERINTENDENT OF DOCUMENTS CLASS NUMBER: Y4.G74/9:Ar7/3 MONTHLY CATALOG NUMBER: 80-13248. LC CARD NUMBER: 80-601303 DOCUMENT TYPE: HEARING JOURNAL ANNOUNCEMENT: 8005 ANALYTIC RECORD ACCESSION NUMBER: 0312908 CIS ACCESSION NUMBER: 80-S401-45.1 DATE: Program Support PAGE Testimony. WITNESSES: Mondale, Joan A. Chairperson, Fed Council on the Arts and the Humanities, p. 2-6.; Segal, George sculptor, p. 6-8.; Benjamin, Lloyd assoc art history prof, Univ of Ark, Little Rock, p. 8-14.; 1/3/3 303184 CIS ACCESSION NUMBER: 80-H341-63 NUMBER OF ANALYTICS: 10 TITLE: Field Hearings on the Reauthorization of the National Foundation for the Arts and the Humanities Act and the Museum Services Act. SOURCE: Feb. 16, Mar. 3, 24, 31, 1980 CONGRESSIONAL SESSION: 96-2 xi+1151 p. il + FICHE: 14 ITEM NO: 1015 SUPERINTENDENT OF DOCUMENTS CLASS NUMBER: Y4.Ed8/1:N21f/6 MONTHLY CATALOG NUMBER: 80-26674. LC CARD NUMBER: 80-603320 DOCUMENT TYPE: HEARING OURNAL ANNOUNCEMENT: 8012 ANALYTIC RECORD ACCESSION NUMBER: 0303184 CIS ACCESSION NUMBER: 80-H341-63.5 DATE: Michigan PAGE Testimony. WITNESSES: Hudson, Joseph L., Jr. bd chm, J L Hudson Co; representing Arts Commission of the City of Detroit, p. 232-233.; Mondale, Joan A. Honorary Chairperson, Fed Council on the Arts and the Humanities, p. 233-235.; Murphy, Walter T. p. 235-248.; Dennard, Brazeal W. both presenting Detroit Symphony Orchestra, p. 243-248.; DiChiera, David pres, Opera Amer; member, exec committee, Amer Arts Alliance; pres and gen dir, Mich Opera Theatre, p. 244-248.; Faxon, Jack State sen, Mich, p. 248-286.; Scott, E. Ray exec dir, Mich Council for the Arts, p. 256-286.; Turk, Thomas L. pres, Mich Assn of Community Arts Agencies, p. 279-286.; Eadie, John W. chm, Mich Council for the Humanities, p. 312-341.; Hutton, Carroll M. educ dept, United Auto Workers, p. 324-341.; 1/3/4 300608 CIS ACCESSION NUMBER: 80-H141-28 NUMBER OF ANALYTICS: 8 TITLE: Arts and the Older American. SOURCE: Feb. 7, 1980 CONGRESSIONAL SESSION: 96-2 iv+128 p + FICHE: 4 ITEM NO: 1009 SUPERINTENDENT OF DOCUMENTS CLASS NUMBER: Y4.Ag4/2:Ar7 MONTHLY CATALOG NUMBER: 80-19324. LC CARD NUMBER: 80-602078 DOCUMENT TYPE: HEARING JOURNAL ANNOUNCEMENT: 8007 ANALYTIC RECORD ACCESSION NUMBER: 0300608 CIS ACCESSION NUMBER: 80-H141-28.1 DATE: Feb. 7, 1980. PAGE (S) :p. 5-8. WITNESSES: Mondale, Joan A. Honorary Chm, Fed Council on the Arts and Humanities.; Copyright (c) 1982 The Washington Post December 17, 1982, Friday, Final Edition SECTION: Style; Personalities; F4 LENGTH: 460 words BYLINE: Eve M. Ferguson KEYWORD: PERSON BODY: Attorney Roy Cohn, a prosecutor of Julius and Ethel Rosenberg, who were executed in 1953 for giving the secret of the atom bomb to the Soviets, defended the 30-year-old case against them before a House Judiciary subcommittee yesterday. The Rosenbergs' son, Michael Meeropol, asked the committee to investigate the case on the grounds the anticommunist hysteria of the early 1950s, tagged "The McCarthy Era" for Sen. Joseph McCarthy's anticommunism movement, made a fair trial impossible. "No one blames a son for trying to vindicate a parent," said Cohn, who was chief counsel for McCarthy's committee. "But his early childhood during the events makes him about as helpful a witness as Patricia Nixon would about Watergate." The subcommittee on criminal justice has not agreed to Meeropol's request, but called five witnesses to testify about the case. Chairman John Conyers (D-Mich.) said they would help the committee in consideration of a measure to reinstate the death penalty in the federal criminal code. Cohn's testimony got heated at times, particularly with Rep. George Crockett (D-Mich.), who called the attorney McCarthy's "right-hand man as far as most of the witch hunts were concerned." Comedian Bob Hope checked into New York Hospital Wednesday for treatment of a recurrent eye problem. The 79-year-old entertainer has been warned by doctors to slow his pace, according to his publicist, Ken Kantor. Kantor added, "But he says this won't stop him from accepting the invitation to entertain the U.S Marines in Beirut during the Christmas holiday if his doctors permit it." Joan Mondale, wife of former vice president Walter Mondale, charged that President "Reagan's appointees are hostile to the arts" and said in January's House and Garden that when the administration couldn't keep Congress from voting arts funding, it froze the money instead. Mondale, former chairman for the Federal Council on Arts and Humanities, said, "The greatest damage has come from the administration's not spending what Congress has appropriated Much of the money has been frozen; grants have been held back. Since Richard Nixon impounded appropriated funds he did not want to spend, a law has been passed requiring the executive to act upon Congress' decisions, but enforcing it is a slow, awkward process." In the same article, Andrew Heiskell, head of the President's Committee on the Arts and Humanities, said, "The problem with federal funding is that it is not personal, it turns into a conversation between auditors. I like the idea of a Des Moines business supporting a Des Moines ballet company, of Des Moines citizens helping to raise money for a local chamber music group, and then attending its performances." GRAPHIC: Picture, Roy Cohn; by Harry Naltchayan BETTY FORD U.S. News & World Report December 27, 1976 / January 3, 1977 SECTION: Pg. 63 HEADLINE: PHOTO REPORT; As The First Family Says Farewell To White House BODY: THE "NATURAL LOOK" of flowers and shrubs-that is the main effect achieved by President Ford and the First Lady for their last Christmas in the Whites House. For the Fords, the holiday season is a time for personal farewells to friends and to much of official Washington. Parties for members of Congress, reporters and children of diplomats are being interspersed with private luncheons and dinners with old acquaintances. It's all part of a nostalgic departure from the nation's highest office. At the same time, the First Family made a special effort to turn the Executive Mansion into a holiday treat for visitors. Special candlelight tours were arranged for the handicapped and older citizens. Open house for the public at large was set for December 22-23. In unveiling the White House Christmas tree, the First Lady announced that the inspiration behind the Yuletide decorations was "the spirit of love that is Christmas." To emphasize that very theme, she placed two turtledoves on the tree. Simplicity is the hallmark of decorations that turned the White House into a bower of greens and flowers. The centerpiece is a 20-foot balsam fir adorned with 2,500 handmade flowers, including the official flower from each of the 50 States. Under the tree are Bicentennial gifts from individual Americans. Gone is the department-store look of some previous White House Christmases. In its place are natural arrangements of holly, juniper, cedar, boxwood, bayberry, fern and spruce arranged on tables, mantelpieces and wall sconces. The Fords planned to spend the holiday skiing at Vail, Colo., with members of their family. At a ball held for members of Congress before they left, President Ford told his former colleagues that his 25 years in Congress were the happiest for him and Betty. "We missed it," he said. "We miss it now." GRAPHIC: President Ford with Boy Scout Keith Baker and Girl Scout Janice Sween after lighting national Christmas tree near White House. Chituge our Still candid 7/11/23 and caring Fueled by her instinctive honesty, Betty Ford stands by her mission By Carl Sferrazza Anthony hopes he will win the presidency. But when he did make that run in t was a quick, sweet spot in 1976, Betty Ford kept talking. time, after Vietnam and Americans want their first lady Watergate, before AIDS and to be both queen and commoner. hostage-taking; there were What made Ford particularly successful was her connection to mood rings, Bicentennial everything and a summer's worth her public. After she revealed that she had breast cancer and the of shark anxiety because of a movie. One woman took the press chronicled her mastectomy, national stage for 30 months with there were reports of thousands of personal honesty, letting it all women seeking checkups and hang out from the White House mammograms. On "60 Minutes" she said that window, the only first lady to go to Studio 54, the famous '70s she wouldn't be surprised if her disco. daughter had an affair. Asked how Today, the streaked aubum often she slept with her husband, bubble is a short, softer blond. She she quipped, "As often as is model slim. Long gone are her possible." Whether pondering if signature '70s scarves. Betty Ford her kids had smoked pot or turned 75 on April 8, but there mentioning that she'd once seen a was no Diamond Jubilee gala. psychiatrist, it was never public With her husband's 80th birthday, relations, just a casual chat one their 45th anniversary and son might have over the phone with a Steve's marriage also this year, she pal. said she "put my foot down" and Says Smithsonian Institution stopped the former president's political history curator Edith plan for her large birthday dinner. Mayo: "She helped restore the "I remember when I thought 30 public's faith in the presidency as was over the hill. Forty was harder an institution by creating an to address. By then, you've got to atmosphere of honesty. Her be an adult. It's just one more discussion of previously taboo year in which every day is a social issues helped defuse them. celebration. I don't expect to stop Sanctioning open discussion doing anything." removed the stigma so that Americans could deal with such Her fame today derives less from topics realistically in their own her life in the White House and lives." more from the Betty Ford Center, Now, as when she was first lady, an alcohol- and drug-treatment people are conscious of her facility that she helped found in legend. At public events, the awe 1982 in Palm Springs, Calif. and deference descends upon her. Although she is interested in But Ford always was aware of her current political issues, the center human failings, particularly Betty Ford: "The center has my name remains her priority. alcoholism. today derives less from topics realistically in their own her life in the White House and lives.' more from the Betty Ford Center, Now, as when she was first lady, an alcohol- and drug-treatment people are CO ious of her facility that she helped found in legend. At public events, the awe 1982 in Palm Springs, Calif. and deference descends upon her. Although she is interested in But Ford always was aware of her current political issues, the center human failings, particularly Betty Ford: "The center my remains her priority. alcoholism. "The center has my name on it. She reflects. "I realized how I feel responsible that we have the preoccupied I had been about best programs that we can possibly whether drinks would be served at provide. It's not filled with rich social events." She often attended and famous celebrities paying a lot three or four events a night with of money. It's a very moderate alcohol served at all of them. If cost to attend and the someone dropped by, a drink was 'Women have more percentage of celebrities is offered. "It wasn't to get high. It probably only one-tenth of 1 was the times, the perception of sexually related percent." alcohol as a vital social part of a She cautiouly advises the famous gathering." When her husband was problems, often abuse, who undergo treatment. "It's their a congressman, he was gone so more physical problems right to talk about it, but we frequently, she recalls, "I was recommend they not say, 'I've often alone." She would invite a in relationship to their been to Betty Ford and I'm fixed.' neighbor in for a cocktail or have alcoholism.' It's just the first kick in the pants one at night when she watched that you've got to do something television. "Since we perceive about your life and lifestyle. One there to be an extra layer of of our first patients said, 'I'm expectation for the political wife, going to get a tan and learn how it was a stressful situation. Alcohol to drink socially.' Well, you can or drugs can be a release valve for get the tan." stress. In the furor of Watergate, 20 Robert Johnston, a Washington sought treatment at Long Beach years ago, her husband, Gerald, training specialist working with Naval Hospital, her recovery took an oath making him the only substance-abuse programs says "would have been much more appointed vice president upon the that within his field, Ford's 1978 difficult. They had to learn resignation of his predecessor, admission of alcohol and that they could no longer be co- Spiro Agnew. Suddenly this self- prescription-drug addiction was a dependent in trying to help me," described "little person from turning point. Ford said. Virginia" found herself a celebrity. "She brought it into the Her family ties remain strong. "Just before Barbara Walters mainstream, de-stigmatized it. Son Michael is associate dean of interviewed me, I said, 'Please Young people who are alcoholic students at Wake Forest don't ask political questions.' The may not remember her as first University in Winston-Salem, lights came on and her first lady, but there are services N.C.; Jack Ford owns a chain of question was, 'What do you think available to them that wouldn't be informational kiosks and lives near of the Supreme Court decision on there were it not for Mrs. Ford." San Diego; Steve Ford lives in Roe vs. Wade?' [the ruling that "She's the boss," says Betty Ford Santa Monica, Calif., and is host legalized abortion in 1973]. I said Center president John T. of the television program "Secret I was positively glad the decision Schwarzlose, who has worked with Service"; Susan is a homemaker in took abortion out of the her since the center opened. "Her Tulsa. Schwarzlose only half-jokes, backwoods and into the hospital, personality sets the standards and "It's a good thing her family lives where it belonged. From then on, tone." Ford works, attends some distance. The center is her I probably established myself as meetings and counsels many focus." rather outspoken. I try to be a patients there. It remains one of Recently, Ford's concern has little more subtle these days. I the country's lowest-cost facilities focused on maintaining the try.' ($8,000 for the 28-day stay) standards of treatment, as many Eight months later, her husband because Ford "wants to make sure insurance companies have took an oath making him the only the Cleveland cabdriver gets eliminated or cut the length of man to become president upon treatment equal to the Beverly coverage from the usual 21 to 28 the resignation of his predecessor. Hills lawyer." Ten percent of the days. "Five days is really detox. It Fate spared her the national patients are covered by a becomes a revolving door. In six campaign for the post, which still "scholarship" she established. months, you're back. In 14-day forbids the wife from saying "Mrs. Ford goes out and raises the programs you can't cover in depth exactly what she thinks if she money so that the unemployed or the emotional problems that are uninsured can get help," says involved. Treatment works at a Schwarzlose. high success rate About 50 The coverage includes travel and percent of the hospital patients accommodations for someone have an alcohol or drug-related significant to a patient to problem underlying a health participate in a required family problem-a broken leg, boating program that Ford initiated. "It accident, bad livers, digestive shows them how to regain their tracts, throat. The whole body is own life and live, rather than affected. With prevention and being so involved in the patient's moderate cost treatment, health life,' Ford says. Without her own care is more cost-effective." family's group therapy while she It is a point she lobbied at the Betty Ford: "The center I my name on it. I feel responsible that we have the best programs that we can." White House. around men, says Ford, and that In March, Betty Ford went to "didn't fit the problems women see Hillary Clinton. It was a encountered. A woman was business meeting about how supposed to drink but not have a treatment can best be covered by drinking problem the one who 'Women have more the health-care reform effort looks after everyone else, the sexually related headed by the first lady. Ford nurturing, caring backbone of the found Clinton "courteous, family. Women have more problems, often abuse, charming, able, attractive. We sexually related problems, often met in her office and settled down, abuse, more physical problems in more physical problems explaining what we're hoping she'll relationship to their alcoholism. in relationship to their endorse when she takes health They often start drinking later in reform to the Hill. It was a life, which telescopes it all alcoholism.' business meeting. She asks good together quickly." questions. She picked one of the Not long after the center most important and demanding opened, Ford became sensitive to roles she possibly could." a new problem many drug users Mayo sees a link between what faced: AIDS. "We have HIV- Ford said beginning in 1974 and positive patients. We have what Clinton does in 1993: "Her everybody understand what it's sought treatment at Long Beach candid approach made it about. We all have to." In 1985, acceptable for subsequent first when no president had yet talked Naval Hospital, her recovery ladies to speak openly on difficult about, let alone lent his name to "would have been much more difficult They had to learn subjects confronting the American AIDS projects, Betty Ford spoke that they could no longer be co- public in contemporary life. Mrs. out. "I believed in it. It's very Ford's support for women's rights important. I had great concern for dependent in trying to help me," and passage of the [Equal Rights these people who were trying to Ford said. Amendment] made such advocacy get recognition of the extent of the Her family ties remain strong. Son Michael is associate dean of less shocking and paved the way problem. If I could in any way, by students at Wake Forest for an openly activist first lady being a part of it, help, it was the University in Winston-Salem, such a Hillary Clinton." right thing to do. And I still do N.C.; Jack Ford owns a chain of "There are no longer any Little support it." The first recipient of AIDS Project L.A.'s informational kiosks and lives near Women,' Ford contends. The "Commitment to Life" award in San Diego; Steve Ford lives in ERA, recently placed on the lowa Santa Monica, Calif., and is host ballot and defeated, was the 1985, she still appears at AIDS of the television program "Secret legislation Betty Ford lobbied for fundraising walks. At the 1992 Republican National Convention, Service"; Susan is a homemaker in as first lady. She thinks such Tulsa. Schwarzlose only half-jokes, legislation "is still very viable" Betty Ford was one of only a few "It's a good thing her family lives because "the glass ceiling is still to wear a red ribbon, symbol of AIDS awareness. some distance. The center is her there. It would be good for Now Ford lives with one focus." women's rights to be protected by Recently, Ford's concern has the Constitution. We're not at standing commitment. Even when focused on maintaining the the point where there's she's with her family in Colorado, standards of treatment, as many comparable pay for comparable every month she returns to Palm insurance companies have work." Men are changing too, she Springs, back to the center bearing eliminated or cut the length of says, "because of their wife being her name, to speak to the patients, in the workplace," and a young people like her. "I'm just one coverage from the usual 21 to 28 more woman who has had this days. "Five days is really detox. It man's "view of women will be formed by what his mother is like. problem," she opens her talk to becomes a revolving door. In six months, you're back. In 14-day If she was an activist, he's likely to the patients. "If during my respect [that]." treatment, I had been regarded as programs you can't cover in depth a first lady, I would not be here the emotional problems that are "We have quite a few women today, doing well." involved. Treatment works at a now in the Cabinet to represent high success rate. About 50 the country," Ford says. "It's percent of the hospital patients progress. It's still not 50 percent, have an alcohol or drug-related the ratio of women to men." problem underlying a health At the Betty Ford Center, about problem-a broken leg, boating 50 percent of the patients are accident, bad livers, digestive women and there is a special racts, throat. The whole body is program for just them. "Betty has ffected. With prevention and been so upfront about specific noderate cost treatment, health problem and stigmas attached to are is more cost-effective." women," Schwarzlose said. It is a point she lobbied at the Treatment originally was designed NYT The 38th First Lady: not a robot at all 1218 Forward day by day The First Family shortly after Ford was sworn in: From the left. John, Steven, Mrs. Ford. the President, Susan, daughter-in-law Gayle and her husband. Michael. to themselves. "Alone at Last!" she wrote in wist- By Jane Howard ful jest across the back of a snapshot of the two of them, taken at Disney World in Florida just Pretty surreal, all this. Look at them. He has the after the Miami convention hall had rung with hardest joh in the world. She is recovering from shouts for "FOUR MORE YEARS!" of Richard radical surgery for cancer. He will be 62 in July, Nixon and Spiro Agnew. she 57 in April, but there they are beaming on On the night 14 months later when Gerald Ford the balcony of their new house, like carefree was named to replace Agnew, he asked a neighbor juniors at a prom. Tennessee Ernie, also surnamed to "see if you can get some food in Mommy's Ford, is serenading them below. Television cameras tummy." Mommy, whose lifelong dream all this whir as he sings "Anniversary Waltz"-hardly most assuredly was not, sighed and said, "Well, a tune to make liberals hark back to the days if they just wind me up and point me in the right of Camelot, but an apt one all the same. Elizabeth direction, I'll be there." Bloomer married Gerald Rudolph Ford Jr. 26 years ago Oct. 15. and was a dancer before she ever But she rallied. The way things turned out she heard of him. wasn't a robot at all. She was more like Cinderella. More than three decades ago, she danced on the Onstage again, after 26 years of wifely obscurity stage of Carnegie Hall, in the troupe of the exalted and motherly sacrifice, it was as if she were pick- Martha Graham, but it's been a good while since ing up where she left off when she said good-by she has appeared in leotards. Now her style is to Martha Graham. "It's her turn now, bless her more ballroom: tangos and waltzes. When the heart." said one of Mrs. Ford's friends, "and now Prime Minister of Israel protested, as the music that she doesn't have to worry about things like began after a September state dinner in his honor, whether the beds are made, she's loving it." After that he didn't know how to dance, his hostess a while, she even got used to the omnipresence of reassured him: "That's all right, I used to teach Secret Service agents, grim-faced companions dance. I'll teach you now." She did, too. charged with shielding her from all external harm. Nobody thought she would take so readily to Not cancer. though. Cancer was beyond them. White House life, this 38th First Lady of the Land. Two hours before Betty Ford checked into She publicly hoped not long ago that her husband Bethesda Naval Hospital, she had Mrs. Lyndon would at last retire from Congress, so that they Johnson and her daughters to tea so they could see could have some long-postponed, nonpolitical time the house they used to live in. They had no idea where their hostess was going next. "We were In the costime iii is clown. stunned when we. found out," Lynda Robb said Elizabeth Bloomer quarte rights. Jane Howard. author of "A Different Woman later. So was everybody else. The next morning's who would other des become Mr. Gerald For and "Please Touch A Guided Tour of the Human announcement that Mrs. Ford's right breast had poses with her 1935 graduating class Potential." is a visiting lecturer at the lowa Writers been found malignant and removed shook the na- at the alla Travis Dance Studio Workshop o/ the University of lowa. tion as much as any event (Continued on Page 64) 111 Goad Rapid Michigan 36 not the sort of wife who Betty Ford or Presidents, and further tends to do that. reckoned, when someone "Jerry's a morning person," asked, that her children prob- she said, "and I'm not at all, Continued from Page 36 ably at some point must have so sometimes I ask him if he'll tried marijuana. flick on the light just as he since Watergate. "I was as- face looked worn. The tendons When Tennessee Ernie leaves, to wake me up. When tonished how much I cared," on her throat protruded. She came to the line "Angels were we moved in here and he did wrote a male historian from singing a hymn to your that one morning. the light looked for all the world like lowa. "I was as shocked as charms." the First Couple he flicked on was a chan- the most ordinary of women, I'd earlier been by the Revela- the sort you might find lined kissed each other as if they deher!" And she told how tions, the Resignations and up with a loaded cart at a meant it. They need no work- vexed she had been, just after the Pardon." supermarket's checkout coun- shops in nonverbal communi- they moved, not to find the In less than two months, ter, or bringing a stuffed toy cation, these two. "Isn't it atlas. "What do you mean it's Betty Ford had unobtrusively to the brand-new baby across nice the way they touch each in storage?" she recalled ask. become a myth. "She seems the street. In many ways. she other?" asks a Congressman's ing. "How can I get along to have just what it takes," is ordinary, well-schooled in widow who has known the without an atlas and a observed Marshall McLuhan, the Midwestern arts of assuag. Fords for decades. "They hold globe?" who is skilled at observing ing and consoling. Her thank- hands whether or not any- On a coffee table were such matters, "to make peo- you notes are prompt and body's looking. Their lutes Celebrity Register - not a ple feel at home in the world heartfelt. Nice gestures come are in tune." Not to say that book she probably read much again. Something about her naturally. "I think I ought there isn't occasional discord. before she moved in-and an makes us feel rooted and to call Pat," she told one "She gave me a hard time issue of Town & Country. She secure-a feeling we haven't friend just before Nixon re. about a couple of things," the also had a copy of a book I had in a while. And her cancer signed, "to tell her we aren't President told newsmen after had written and sent. in has been a catharsis for all just waiting in the wings one evening's visit to Bethes- which she graciously asked for everybody. Cancer isn't just for them to move out." da, "so she must be feeling an autograph. Even more a disease, you know: it's a "Betty Ford was nice to better." graciously, she agreed to speeded-up. hotted-up, inten- me," recalls the ex-wife of "I don't hesitate to tell him fetch some White House sta- sified form of life. Our life- one controversial Senator, when I disagree with some- tionery and on it wish a style creates the ideal climate "when other people weren't. thing he's done or said," Mrs. happy 12th birthday to my for it. All of us play Russian Ford said, "unless he looks as nephew, in a hand amateur roulette with cancer, whether if he's had a hard day. When graphologists later pro. we have it or not." he looks that way, I wait. nounced "conventional, but "Maybe my having it," Mrs. You get so you notice things determined." (My nephew Ford muses, "was a blessing like that. A sense of timing thought it was terrific.) in disguise." Maybe so. If she is pretty important if you love Except for summer dance achieved nothing else during somebody." And there was sessions at Bennington in her husband's Administration, the business about their bed. Vermont, Betty Ford never the light her trouble has shed One bed. As soon as the Fords went to college, but her mind on a dark subject would be moved into the White House, is curious and well-informed. contribution enough. The Can- she let it slip that, contrary When she and Mrs. Hale cer Society had been one of to custom, she and her hus- Boggs accompanied their hus- Betty Ford's causes before the band meant to sleep, as they bands on an official visit to disease struck her. Causes always had, not only in the China, they insisted on having have always meant more to same room but under the their own separate briefing her than card-playing lunch- same blanket. This morsel of session "because we didn't cons. No man in the 81st homey news was generally want to get it all second-hand Congress had a more ener- regarded as cheering, "but from the men." Mrs Boggs getically public-spirited wife one woman wrote in," the says, "or to arrive there and than Jerry Ford. Her interests First Lady laughed, "to say have nothing to say but 'Oh, ranged from the International she thought It. was disgrace- we just adore Chinese walls" Club. not a favorite among Betty Ford with doll. ful!" Betty was just fascinated Midwesterners, to fashion She was showing me with everything." shows. "Don't ever say no if But she's not just nice." No. around that very bedroom in "Jerry's always turned to you're asked to model in a The merely nice bypass the what one veteran Washing- Betty for the sensitive point style show." she once cau. truth when it makes them of tonian calls "the world's most of view." an old friend says. tioned another Republican elegant railroad nat." Here "Be's often said she was anyone else edgy, and that's wife. "because the Democrats something Betty Ford doesn't were the weights her husband the smart one when it came always pitch in. We must, do. She never has. "I just lifts to keep in shape, there to politics because she sees too." She knew a thing or two the hated Exercycle he must the forest instead of the don't know how to lie," she about Democrats Her social now use in place of the swim- trees." "She's no dummy," has told reporters. When the life had centered on, but by President promised "straight ming pool they left behind in adds another friend. "She's no means been confined to. Alexandria, there a picture of smart enough to have raised the elephant-filled living talk among friends" in his rooms of the Grand OM inaugural address. he was his mother as a young four children to be a credit speaking at least as much for woman, there one of their to them, and have a husband Party's Chowder & Marching only daughter, Susan, as a who's still in love with her Society. "I've often been his wife, whose low-key baby. Upstairs was the bil- after all these years. In this tempted to split my ticket." candor quickly surpassed his own. She was full of surprises, liard room, from which the day and age. 1 call that not she said a while ago-not an this kindly matron from clonking noise had recently only smart but practically admission you'd expect from Michigan. It turned out she been muffled with a new rug. brilliant." the wife of the House Minor- ity Leader. supported the Equal Rights ("At first," she said, "we In China, acupuncture rs. Amendment, of all prickly thought it might be Lincoln's pecially interested Mrs Ford. issues, and had been divorced, ghost.") Downstairs, In plain She figured it might help her uring her televised sight, was the Oval Office and thought there might be a neck A pinched neck nerve, serenade. Mrs. Ford where her husband was work- time to abort (in cases of rape before cancer. was her sev- wore a convales- and incest, say) as well as a ing. "It's funny, but 1 see a prest medical problem. 11 had cent's bathrobe, She lot more of him now than did time in refrain from aborting nagged for years, causing was smiling. and her reddish She saw no reason why before we got here," she said. chronic pain at the base of have was well-coffed. but her women shouldn't be priests "I can call him whenever any- her skull. There had been thing important happens and talk of surgery. but that talk he'll come right up-but I'm made her shudder. "The Inci- sion would have to be made WITH some reason. in the through the mouth." she said, PPP and decided 1.1 work for years when his children were "and chances would only be growing, Ford was "away 50-50. Acupuncture might be beginning Mr. hard, right much," as a family much easier. In China, I :1 1'. friend tells it, obliged to go watched eight different acu- off 200 nights year to help puncture operations, includ- keep Republicans in Congress. ing one for an ovarian cyst "I like to travel, too," Mrs. where the girl drank tea the have been Ford Ford says, "but not the way whole time. had to learn to become an by birth. ("I know about all Jerry does it. He feels he's "Would you like some iced icon. the rumors that Gayle's prég. got to go up and down as tea now?" Try though Mrs. nant," the First Lady says, many times as the *airplane Ford did to make this en- here's a souvenir "but those rumors are news can stop." Even when he was counter natural, it was uphill T shop at the corner of in Gayle and Mike. Oh, well, home. they were sometimes work. You don't just drop in F and 15th Streets in I guess Julie and Tricia never expected at official functions at the White House. You first Washington that still had a moment's freedom from as many as 14 nights in a make a dozen or so logistical features postcards of the that sort of speculation, row. phone calls and then, when Nixons - he grinning. she either.") Was it Mike who "But Betty's a good egg." you arrive at the gates, you tight-lipped-but it won't for told how "Dad always taught as a friend says. "It's fun to are quizzed, all but X-rayed. long. The icon machine works us to be good stewards of our razz her. The last place she'd photographed, bedecked with fast. Back on Crown View bodies," or was it his brother ever want to be is on a a plastic badge and passed Drive in Alexandria, the John? Jack, as the second son pedestal." At birthday parties upstairs by a string of pert Fords' former neighbors are is called, is 22 and learning in those days. there were joke aides who probably mean to already busy laminating their to be a forester at the Univer- presents. like funny bathing be disarming, but who I kept clippings of the peculiar time sity of Utah. "He's a deep. suits and the alarm clock Mrs. thinking were going to thank when Secret Service agents thoughtful person." his Ford once got, tied to a me for flying TWA Spon- and big-name newscasters mother says, "who likes to string, to twit her for her un- taneous it isn't, not even in the Ford Administration The walked among them Crown spend a whole day by himself punctuality. There was that Hotel Europa in Belfast is View Drive. if it could some. in the wilderness. All our holiday at Disney World, after how be shrunk and freeze- children were brought up to the convention, and a lot of easier to get into, and the dried, would make a perfect think independently. the way afternoons watching the Vatican might be more cozy. diorama for some future I was myself." Superbowl with friends. "They The simplest event on Betty museum of suburbia. Only the "I was the third child and were over here to see the Ford's schedule must now be Virginia license plates in its only girl. spoiled as perhaps Dolphins cream the Vikings," orchestrated like an audience driveways distinguish it from we spoil Susan. Her broth- recalls Barbara MacGregor, with an emperor. In East streets on the outskirts of ers don't, though. They're wife of the former Minnesota Wing argot, even a quick Houston or St. Paul or either very protective. they want to Congressman who managed hello to a Salvation Army Portland Its mortgages are know what she's up to and Nixon's 1972 campaign. fashion luncheon in a Wash- held by decent citizens who with whom. Sometimes "Jerry'd just as soon have ington hotel ballroom becomes seem now out of a John un- thev've asked, 'Is she still watched the game at home, a "Drop-by," with mimeo- dike nove! now one by Sin- going out with that but Betty wanted to come. Oh, graphed instructions to be clair Lewis They prefer Susan, the most relaxed we've all had some wonderful gone over in a three-car homemade cookies and even White House daughter since times. Don't you think she's motorcade: "12:55, down 20 homemade ICE cubes to the adorable?" Caroline Kennedy, seems to steps. Turn right. 12:58, re- store-bought kind. and never be taking the advice of Alice Sometimes there were sor- marks. Press opportunity. wearv of telling how whole- Roosevelt Longworth, who ties, never for very long, to 1.03, conclude remarks 1:05. some, natural and, most of also moved in at age 17. Mrs Caribbean beaches, and once up the same 20 steps. De part." all. how normal a family they Longworth sent Susan a mes. to Hawaii. Always the family lost when the Fords moved sage to "just have a hell of had its two-week Christmas If she walks into such a scene with her husband. a away. The way they sav a good time while you're reunion at its condominium "normal," it sounds exotic. there." in Vall. Colo. In the Fords' hand plays "Hail to the Chief." If she arrives alone, The Fords do personify Susan is. Apart from giving case, the bromidic old joke she must affect delight at the that threatened species. the up babysitting. which she -"my wife likes the sea- nuclear family. It is chic and often did in Alexandria, she shore and I like the moun- opening strains of "Betty Coed Has Lips of Red" or, in some quarters thrilling to leads as normal a high-school tains so we compromise and foretell the doom of such in homage to the President's senior's life as any 1600 go to the seashore' re- alma mater, "Hail to the families, but even Simone de Pennsylvania Avenue resident versed. That's not the way Victors' The Fords are VIC. Beauvoir, in all her wisdom, could hope to, and will have Betty Ford was raised. Her tors. all right. without ever cannot think how to replace her class's senior prom at the generation's credo was: If he having fought a Presidential them. While they last. they White House. She denies that likes the mountains, go to the battle. One of her size 6 transfix and reassure us. To the family's move has mountains. If he's a politician gowns will one day hang in the televised adventures of changed anybody. Mrs Ford, and you don't much care for the Smithsoman, along with the Waltons. the Bunkers and she said fondly toward the politics, smile. those of Dolley Madison, the Louds, we now can add end of one state dinner, is Smile she did, but she also Mary Todd Lincoln, Eleanor those of the newly mythol. "still the same old Mother." ate and drank too much, gain- Roosevelt and all the rest. ogized Fords, about whom Only briefly was Susan called ing 20 pounds. Later, she diet- Her name will automatically no folksy bulletin is too on to replace the First Lady ed off not only those 20 but topple Golda's or Coretta's trivial to broadcast We crave, at affairs of state. At one another 10 as well, becoming or Ethel's or one of the other or some of us do, to hear how white-tie reception during her so thin that one alarmed friend stand-bys from the next an- Steve, that rascal. once mother's convalescence, when kept bringing over an Adelle nual list of Most Admired picked his mother up and there were hundreds of diplo- Davis potion called Pep-Up. carried her all over the Women. matic hands to be shaken. "Pep was what Betty needed, "Kings and queens have at Crown View house. a house the girl stood gamely by her all right," a neighbor remem- ways focused people's feel- which had no dining room. father and shook them with bers. "It must have been very ings," says the anthropologist and how he and his older. such aplomb that a photog- rough for her all those years. Margaret Mead, "and since brothers ("all male chan- rapher remarked, "Susan, with Jerry gone 50 much and we're not very far from a vinists." their mother sup- you're wonderful!" four kids pulling her in four monarchy. the President's poses) discolored their laun. "That," said the President, different directions. They had wife, whoever she is. has little dry by mixing jeans in with "is the way she was brung a housekeeper five days a underwear. Those boys' up." (Continued on Page 86) Steve, who is 18. wears "Don't you take all the -as bemusing a notion, to the First Lady, as if the lad had toyed with a career in Some 01 the doctors were haruspication. The morning her own. The pinched, neck doesn't go by but what Betty nerve wouldn't go away. It Ford spends at least 20 min- kept her on tranquilizers and utes studying that day's rec- off the slopes at Vall. "I tried ommended scriptural passage skling with a whiplash collar in a pamphlet called "For- on, and It wasn't so bad there on the mountain, where I al- ward Day by Day." Most mornings the passage is apt ways had to be watching out for icy slopes and moguls, but enough. On Sept. 27, for ex- the next day it would hurt ample, the eve of her radical terribly." Thinking the tension mastectomy, the verse was might be psychosomatic, she "Thou has turned my laments sought the help of a new kind into dancing." The next day it read "Be strong and take of doctor. "I saw my psychiatrist once courage." But on Aug. 9, a week, at the most, for a when she became First Lady, period of a year and a half. the verse must have given her I didn't lie on a couch or pause. What it said, in the anything like that, I'd just sit prose of the Living Bible she and talk, and it seemed to prefers to the King James ver- help, too. After all, if you sion, was from Psalms 39:1: have an abscessed tooth, you "I will keep a muzzle on my mouth." A muzzled mouth is go to the dentist, don't you? simply not her style. This was during the time when Jerry was away so "That's what I've found much, and I needed a sound- most refreshing about her," ing board to talk to. says Nancy Hanks, chairman Somebody had to tell me of the National Endowment what that doctor did: that of the Arts, who has been I shouldn't just live for my conferring with Mrs. Ford husband and children but about projects she might offi- ought to do something for cially support, particularly myself, too." those involving underprivi- She tried. She signed up leged and handicapped chil- for modern-dance lessons and dren. "Her approach is solid did what she could to avoid and very American, without metaphorical moguls at home. being in the least provincial. When the children provoked Her style is not to teach peo- her, she mixed discipline ple to love and revere Ameri- with affection. "I tried to can arts and crafts, but to remember how, when I was show them, by her own ex- their age, I'd pull the same ample, how important these wool over my parents' eyes." things are. And whenever 1 An ashtray-emptier by nature, mention something she's not she recalls "a sort of turning well-versed in, like regional point in my child-rearing phi- differences in pottery. or losophy when the boys were weaving. she'll stop me and little and ran their toy cars say, 'Now just a minute, what all over a favorite coffee table in the world are those dif- I didn't want scratched. I ferences?' She's never for a decided it wasn't worth it to moment pretentious. What worry over that you can she thinks. she says." always buy new furniture, but Representative Shirley Chis. you can't replace your chil- holm, whom few would re- dren." gard as a likely soul sister Not one for vivid syntax, of the First Lady, commends Mrs. Ford volunteers that her Mrs. Ford for her candor, as favorite tea, for all the efforts do such disparate others as of a brother to convert her to Secretary of State Henry more exotic brews, is Lipton's. Kissinger, who says, "I like Her favorite flower is the her very much," and the "Like carefree juniors at a prom": President and Mrs. Ford Peace Rose, and the hymn syndicated household hints (top). celebrating their 26th wedding anniversary as she re- that stirs her most is "The Bat- columnist, Heloise. Heloise, covers from a mastectomy, greet a Grand Ole Opry singer from tle Hymn of the Republic," who gets hundreds of thou- a White House balcony. Above. the couple walk down a hall- especially when sung by the sands of letters a year from way in the Presidential suite ct Bethesda Naval Hospital short- Mormon Tabernacle Choir. (A housewives. reports that of ly after Mrs. Ford underwert surgery. number of the Fords' best late her mail has included a friends seem to be Latter-Day deal of praise for the new take issue with that. Margaret been the last victim to regard Saints.) Her own faith, low President's wife. "The gals Mead, not exactly one of breast cancer as a shameful church Episcopal with no love the way she comes out Heloise's "gals," welcomes "social disease." incense, runs deep and strong. and says what she thinks. the attention Mrs. Ford's Knowing sympathy rushed "I have a son who thought They feel as if she's their mastectomy has brought to to Mrs. Ford from Marvella he was an agnostic." she says next-door neighbor. just one what until recently was a fur. Bayh, the Indiana Senator's of the bunch. She doesn't tive secret sorority. Jacque- wife who had been crusading seem a bit stuck-up. And she's line Susanh, who wrote four since her own masteciomy, done a world of good being best-selling novels in the 12 and from Alice Longworth. so frank about her cancer." years she lived after having who before she turned 90, Only the hopelessly genteel the same operation. may have cheerfully called herself the promising. But a dance career means total Immersion or you can be sure that tomor- doing for a five-minute ritual nothing. Those gals who go row plenty of cattlemen* in of exercises to insure full mo- to New York to dance seri- places like Montana will dial bility for her right arm and ously have to forget about 202-456-1414 to register their shoulder. "It's a stretching. not to moe her news, nice everything else. It must have ire. circling, lariat-type motion," though it wasn't. been a huge decision for her Answering such calls is Mrs. Ford says. "Being right- "That's the part that's just to make." one of the tasks of the First handed probably makes things thrilled her," says Mrs. Ford's It must have indeed, with Lady's staff of 28, a dedicated easier, too." The pinched neck good friend Peggy Whyte. "I Martha Graham on one hand lot who usually lunch, if at nerve has given her no recent talked to her when she was encouraging her to stay, and all, from vending machines in trouble. still in the hospital, and I've Hortense Bloomer on the the White House basement. On weekends at Camp Da- never heard her bubble so in other saying what nice show. Some of them plan state din- vid, "a very relaxing spot all the years I've known her. ers and weddings other girls ners, some keep schedules, where it's almost impossible To think that her misfortune her age were having back in some juggle the incessant to think about work," she is helping other women just Michigan. Her mentor and her pleas of the press. Nine work goes for long walks with Lib- makes her feel very beholden mother didn't actually wage full-time to answer her mail, erty, the family's new golden -she says she can really an outright tug-of-war for much of it, by necessity, with retriever. She gave up plans sense all those waves of pray- young Betty's future, but they form letters. "They think to go with the President to ers." Many or the prayers might as well have. Mrs. she's magic, they think she's Japan, but both the seashore have been secular, in the Bloomer won, in any case, Santa Claus," says Tom Mc- and the mountains are on form of what Betty Friedan and her daughter came home, Coy, who has been analyzing their calendar for this month. calls "the energy and power in what must have been more First Ladies' mail since the They will go to Martinique to of the women's movement. a trudge than a pirouette. days. of Mamie Eisenhower. meet with the President of She's done so much good for Before long she had a wed- "Sometimes they write to say France and later, of course, to the movement, speaking out ding of her own, but not to their child is dying, some- Colorado for the traditional as she has for things like the Gerald Ford. The bride- times just to say they wish Christmas reunion. Equal Rights Amendment, I groom's name that time was she'd drop by for coffee. Oh, Every week she does more. hope some of our strength William Warren. there are just all kinds of "Betty had pizza and beer can flow back to her." "We've just giggled and requests." along with everyone else Nobody opposes the E.R.A. giggled about that," says And all kinds of answers. when she dropped by here the more fervently than Phyllis Nancy Howe, who seldom is How nice that you're having other day," an Alexandria Schlafly, whose Illinois-based far from the First Lady's side. a rummage sale. Here is a neighbor says, "and her face campaign against the amend- "When somebody wanted to steel engraving of the White looked radiant, but I thought ment Mrs. Ford can certainly know what the date of her House for your auction. How she seemed too thin." Dr. have made no easier. "She first wedding was, she thoughtful of you to share Lukash, however, isn't wor- doesn't seem to realize." Mrs. couldn't remember for the life your original song (or poem) ried; he reports that the First Schlafly protests, "that if the of her. That's how little it with the Fords. Here is your Lady's weight is holding amendment were to pass, mattered." That five-year autographed picture, complete steady between 105 and 110 we'd have coeducational wash- marriage, such as it was, with pawprint of Shan, the pounds. "Oh, I clean my rooms, and girls like her own ended emotionally long before First Cat of the Land. Happy plate," she says. "I even man- daughter would have to be the divorce was official. "It birthday. if you're 80 or older. age-liver and onions, a favor- drafted." But the First Lady taught. me," says Mrs. Ford, Happy anniversary, if you've ite of Jerry's I'm not es- realizes these facts very well. "that there are some people been together for at least 25 pecially fond of." At the No- She and her personal assist- you just can't change." years. Mrs. Ford is pleased to vember state dinner for the ant, Nancy Howe, discuss Resuming her maiden name, hear that you share her views Chancellor of Austria, she them often. "They've had she taught dance to handi- interested that you don't) finally corraled her husband coed facilities in the Far East capped and black children, on abortion, or marijuana, or upstairs from the dance floor for years," Mrs. Howe says, coordinated fashions for a psychiatry, or the E.R.A. at 1 A.M., "not because 1 was "and rape is a lot less com- Grand Rapids department Lately, a task force of vol- tired, but he was." At seven mon there than it is in our store called Herpolsheimer's, unteers has helped mail out the next morning, she was up prudish societies." and took up with the dazzling thanks for some 50,000 mes- for a meeting with her staff. "And if men have to serve -blond-bachelor-lawyer-and sages wishing the First Lady "I'm way behind in the in the military," says Mrs. former star center for Michi- a quick recovery. These work I've got to do, and there Ford, "I don't see why women gan's football team. Their wishes, it would seem, are are so many new people in shouldn't too, the way they wedding had to wait until being granted. "She's had OC. my life, I've been neglecting do in Israel. Why. if this had just before November. Jerry casional transitory letdowns, old- friends," Mrs. Ford says. been an issue in my own Ford was running for Con- like all cancer patients." says "When I retire, I'm going to time, I'd probably have been gress and wasn't sure how Dr. William M. Lukash, the lobby for a salary for First the first to enlist." voters might feel about his White House physician, "but Ladies, because it's much She might have, at that. It marrying a divorced ex- I'm optimistic. Her surgery more of a 24-hour job than was scarcely less startling for dancer. was highly successful, and anyone would guess." Diplo- her to leave Grand Rapids to she has a really 'up' attitude, matically, she declines to say go to New York and become = First Ladies get a an extraordinary determina- which of her predecessors a John Robert Powers model, which she was for a while A lot of mail. Even tion to carry on." most inspire her, "because those who just smile "I feel great." Mrs. Ford now that I realize what and, worse yet, a dancer. If it ornamentally and said on the phone one recent they've had to put up with, I hadn't been for her mother, keep out of the way can ex- morning, and she sounded it. have new respect and admira- she might have made dance a pect a couple of thousand let- "Probably it helped that I tion for every one of them." lifelong career. Hedi Pope, in ters in a routine week. They stayed in the hospital a full Nor will she ponder aloud whose Alexandria modern also get good many phone two weeks, until the scans about the business of being dance studio Mrs. Ford en- calls. Phones in the East Wing were clear and I'd been an icon. Whatever the public rolled, says that "even having don't ring, though, they through all the tests. Jerry may think, that's not how she had four children, she was chime. Their ladylike two- was traveling then and didn't sees herself. "I just hope to still the best student in my tone chime belies what, in want me to leave Bethesda leave my mark as a very classes. I could see how she Mrs Ford's case, can be till he was back, and when I human person interested in might once have been very angry urgency at the other did come home, I wasn't even America as a country and in end. If today she says mildly wearing a bandage." its people particularly. I don't that we all ought to fight in- A chemotherapy regimen feel that because I'm First flation by eating less beef, or obliges her to take four pills Lady I'm any different from buy cheaper cuts of it anyway. each day one week out of what I was before. It can hap- every six. Three times every pen to anyone. After all, it day she stops whatever she's has happened to anyone." THE NEW YORK TIMES, THURSDAY, SEPTEMBER 5, 1974 Mrs. Ford Tells News Parley She' Busy and Happy FORD PAY-RISE PLAN approves a resol the deferral, the SCORED IN CONGRESS would be killed. By JOHN HERBERS the conference with a statement son A. Rockefelfer, who favored Asked to describe her fam- Representative WASHINGTON, Sept. 4 (UPI) Special to The Nety York Times that she wanted to answer all legalized abortion when he was ily's dinner table conversations Dulski, upstate N. 4-"I Governor of New York. "De- fight intensified today over ocrat who is ch: ASHINGTON, Sept. the questions that had been finitely Rockefeller," she re- about granting amnesty to Viet- President Ford's proposal to House Civil Servi have found it is a very busy piling up about her views on plied. nam draft evaders and desert- defer a raise for 3.5 million issued a statem life," Betty Ford said. "I'm very life and what role she would be Mrs. Ford was not flustered ers-the President has come Federal workers as part of the the pay. postpone happy. Everyone Has been so playing in her husband's Ad- by questions that are-invariably out for conditional amnesty- ministration. battle against inflation. "There are me generous and warm." asked of First. Ladies. she said, "We. had a rather She wore a gold dress with The chairmen of the Senate start. cutting cost It was the kind of statement Asked what women can 'do open collar and scarf and sat deep discussion, and points to stop future wars, she said, and House Civil Service Com- priving governme that First Ladies are expected on a gold uphoistered chair were made on all sides," but "They can always entist.' mittees, which ave jurisdiction a single-ligit pa to make after their first few before, a mahogany table that she Indicated that her husband they fight doub After the laughter died down weeks in the White House. The bore & small bouquet of multi- had already made up his mind over Government pay in- tion," Mr. Dul she added, "By becoming ac- at that point. creases, both announced their called a committe difference was that Mrs. Ford colored flowers. She seemed a tive in politics. Asked how her family could opposition to Mr. Ford's pro- Sept. 19 to disc was seated in the formal dining little nervous as reporters Surprised by Son retain its "normality" in the posal. room under a large portrait of asked such questions as "How plan. Asked if she agreed with the White House, she said that she Mr. Ford has urged a three- Senator Gale Lincoln, facing klieg lights and would you liked to remem- bered?" statement by her 22-year-old thought that would not be very month delay in a 5.52 per cent Wyoming Democ 150 reporters and photogra- son Jack that he was "dis- "In a very kind way." she difficult, even though her hus- pay rise for 1.3 million white the Senate COI phers, including a good portion turbed" over the disclosuré that band had made one change-he collar workers and 2.2 million vowed to fight replied. "As a constructive wife of the foreign press. President Ford intended to run of the President." no longer prepares his own military personnel. He said the McGee said he No one could remember when in 1976, Mrs. Ford said, 'Y was But she also let It be known breakfast because of "the good action would cut Federal legislation to bio a President's wife had agreed that she had no intention of very surprised at my son's service he is getting in the up- spending by $700-million. proposal 80 the before to ) full-fledged White statement. stairs dining room. If either the House or Senate take effect. being noncontroversial as she House news conference. Her made the following remarks: predecessors favored more in- #She said that she would formal meetings with reporters campaign for ratification of the in the living quarters of the equal rights amendment for East Wing. women by the state legislatures, But Mrs. Ford has let it be adding that her husband had known that she intends to be once joked with her about an active First Lady with in- "equal rights" for women but tarests centering on the arts was now an advocate of the and children, and she opened proposed. constitutional amend- ment. Cougar-Hunting Curb Asked qAsked about Mr. Ford's plan to run in 1976 for a full four- SANTA FE, N. M., Sept. 4 year term as President, she re- (UPI) - A suit filed in District fused to commit herself as to Court here seeks to invalidate whether she thought the plan the State Game Commission's was wise, but said, "I'll be liberal hunting season for happy to campaign - and for cougars in New Mexico. The guess who?" Central Clearing House, a San- Con the politically sensitive to Fe environmental organiza- issue of abortion, she, was and Donald Campbell, & asked whether she was closer less consultant for the to the views of Senator James Club, filed the suit yes, L. Buckley, Conservative-Re- against the commission publican of New York, who and the State Game and Fish opposes legalized abortion, or Department. Vice-Presidential-nominee Nel- By JOSEPH DURSO OUL oy the A S. rog Berra took 1 2-0 lead In the first sed Strategy Income tax evasion-resigna- Special 10 The New York Times was almost thrown out by inning and couldn't hold it The New York Times reported tion, three years on probation OAKLAND, Calif., Oct. 14 the umpires. Tug McGraw The Mets took the lead with two weeks ago that a similar and a $10,000 fine-was too -In the longest and maybe went six adventurous in- four in the sixth and couldn't "national security" wiretap on lenient. the loosest game In the 70- nings in relief. Mike Andrews hold It. The A's scored twice Morton Halperin, a former col- Ford Sees 'Open' Hearing year history of the World made two errors that treated with two down in the ninth league of Mr. Lake at the Coun- In short, the Gallup survey Series, the New York Mets the Mets to three runs in the for a last-minute reprieve- cil, had remained in force after suggested that Mr. Ford's desig- scored four runs in the 12th 12th. And Willle Mays fell but couldn't hold it. And the he, too, had severed his ties nation to succeed Mr. Agnew inning today to defeat the twice, but batted home the Mets finally scrounged their to the Government and had be- as Vice President had posed no Oakland A's, 10-7, and tle the lead run once in a game that final four runs in the 12th come the head of Senator particular political difficulties Series at one game aplece. each side won and lost and simply held on for dear Muskie's campaign committee for. President Nixon but had It was a wild game that several times. life. on the military budget. done little, if anything. to di- filled a record 4' hours 13 Along the way, Oakland By then, many in the Both men have said that, dur- minish the distrust of his Ad- minutes of, a Sunday after- crowd of 49,151 were stream- ing the time they were under ministration produced by the noon in Oakland-Alameda Jets Win; Giants Lose Ing home. probably to be surveillance by the Federal Watergate Investigation and the County Stadium with capers, Three field goals by Bobby safely away from the stadium Bureau of Investigation, they Agnew scandal. errors, rallies and sun-lost Howfield helped the Jets de- in case somebody tied the discussed Mr. Muskle's cam- Meanwhile, Mr. Ford said he fly balls. feat the New England Patri- game again in the bottom of hoped and expected that the paign strategy over the tele- Eleven pitchers worked in ots, 9-7, yesterday at Fox- the 12th. But nobody did, and Congressional hearings on his the debris, matching a World phone with other members of boro, Mass. At Yale Bowl SO the teams headed for New the Senator's staff. confirmation would be "the Series record. Vida Blue was the Giants were beaten by York, where they will play most open and in-depth" ever knocked out by the Mets. Although neither man can re- the Washington Redskins, held by Congress. Jerry Koosman was knocked call any specific conversations 21-3. Details on Page 43. Continued on Page 43, Column 1 The Gallup organization, on the tapped phones with Sen- based In Princeton, N.J., inter- ator Muskie himself, Mr. Lake viewed 730 adults in represent- More Housing Funds Predicted for City said it was possible that he ative communities across the might have spoken with the country yesterday, one day Senator from his home by tele- after Mr. Ford was nominated By MARTIN TOLCHIN lowances for lower-income fam- residential and commercial phone at some point during the and three days after Mr. Agnew Special to The New York Times illes. buliders, easing the housing two-month period. surrendered his office and WASHINGTON, Oct. 14 "New York City is a special shortage and stemming deteri- Total of 17 pleaded no contest to charges James T. Lynn, Secretary of case," Mr. Lynn said in an in- oration and decay. He added, however, that any- of failing to report $29,500 of Housing and Urban Develop- terview, "New York City can't Consequently, New York City one listening to his conversa- income in 1967, when he was ment, has said that New York be looked at solely as a hous- Governor of Maryland. The can expect some type of new tions with other campaign offi- City, because of its unique posi- ing problem, but as a total ur- cials at the least could have an- margin of error for a telephone construction and rehabilitation, tion, could expect to be an ban development challenge." in addition to the housing al- ticipated "some of the speeches survey of this size is four per- exception to the Nixon Ad- The Federal goals, he said, lowance program, Mr. Lynn he [Senator Muskie] was going centage points. ministration's housing proposal included reversing the exodus Specifically, the questions said yesterday. to make." to gradually replace Federally from the city on the part of asked in the special. survey Over the next five years, Until it became apparent in supported new construction and middle-income families, lessen- combined funds for Model mid-March of 1972 that Senator "ontinued on Page 13, Column 1 rehabilitation with housing al- ing the competition between Cities, urban renewal, water Muskie's bid for the Democratic and sewage treatment and Presidentia! nomination was Mrs. Ford Is Calm Despite the Hubbub; other H.U.D. programs for New Continued on Page 25, Column 1 York City under the proposed Better Communities Act would Opposes Her Husband's Running in 1976 Increase by one-third, to $149- Teachers End Strike 10/15/73 million annually, Mr. Lynn said. A four-week strike against For the next two years, how- eight Roman Catholic high By MARJORIE HUNTER ever, the city will receive a 10 schools in Brooklyn and Special to The New York Times per cent reduction in these Queens ended last night when WASHINGTON, Oct. 14 - funds, because in 1972 they lay teachers voted to accept Mrs. Gerald R. Ford said today were artificially inflated by a a salary proposal after a that she did not want her hus- weekend of bargaining and band to run for President or Continued on Page 33, Column 4 mediation. Page 41. Vice President in 1976. PHOTOCOPY PRESERVATION "Three years will be fine, but no more." the wife of the new Slaying of Musician Vice-Presidential nominee said quietly. "But, of course, Jerry Alarms West Siders is the boss in this family." The quiet of the Fords' small corner of Virginia suburbia has By PRANAY GUPTE been shattered in the two days In the last four years, Beverly Donna, had returned since President Nixon chose the Stephanie Digby, a young to their 14th-floor apartment House Republican leader as the woman who lives on the at 165 West End Avenue at successor to former Vice Pres- Upper West Side, has been about 1:30 A.M. Saturday and ident Spiro T. Agnew. mugged three times in front had d'scovered two masked Workmen were installing a of her home and her apart- intruders near their bedroom. new telephone line in the brick ment and car have been The couple were beaten, and clapboard house. Secret broken into on several occa- bound and gagged, the po- Service agents were camped on sions. Once,' while standing lice said, and after Mrs. the lawn and in a temporary at her window, she said, she Hodge was left unconscious headquarters truck out front. saw a gang of youths attack in the bedroom her husband Sightseers craned their necks a girl as a crowd watched, was killed by a blow to the from passing automobilies. but no one bothered to help. head with a blunt Instru- But Betty Ford, a petite bru- So yesterday, when she ment. The assailants escaped. 'te who once considered mak- learned about the murder on "I am tired of this vio- modern dance her life- Saturday of George Howard lence." Miss Digby said. "I'm time career, was as calm as the Hodge, a 42-year-old musician tired of being frightened. I'm eye of a hurricane as she sat who lived in the Lincoln tired of looking over my in her sunny living room, seem- Towers apartment complex shoulder and_I am extremely ingly oblivious to the clamor all on West End Avenue, Miss sick of being scared." around her. Digby was not surprised. She That violence and crime "My voice is losing me," she was just more frightened than plague the Upper West Side, apologized, a little huskily. usual. from about 60th Street to "Usually, they say it's your The New York Times/George Tames The police reported that Columbia University from Continued on Page 8, Column 2 Mrs. Gerald R. Ford at her home in suburban Virginia Mr. Hodge and his wife, Continued on Page 73, Column 1 TOBER 15, 1973 Mrs. Ford, Calm Despite Hubbub, Opposes Race in '76 Continued From Page 1, Col. 1 said, "but not in the extent home;' because daddy might times has trouble keeping from that many wives do. "Jerry not be home for three days," being underweight. right hand that gets sore from feels I should be home with the she said; smiling. "I've had to "I'm sure I've lost three receiving lines. Me, it's my children because he's away so train myself to make the deci- voice." much," she added. sions." pounds since Friday," she said. If her husband is confirmed The oldest, Michael, 23, is a She cooks, but only because "It's been a terribly exciting by Congress, she said, the Fords divinity student at Gordon she has to. The Fords have no time for all of us." will continue to live in the Theological Seminary in Wen- live-in maid. Her favorite hob- On Friday night, as the a house they built 19 years ago ham, Mass.; John, 21, a student by now is gardening. both flow- ception following President's in Alexandria, just across the at Utah State University: Ste- ers and vegetables, in the back Nixon's announcement of his Potomac from Washington. ven, 17, a high school student, yard. choice for Vice President was "We talked it over with the and Susan, 16, a student at a Until nine years ago she was nearing an end, the President children and decided-this was girls' school in-nearby Bethes- an avid golfer and-skier-But put his arm around Betty Ford. B. home." she said. "Actually. the da. Md. she gave up both sports-and "It's all yours," he said, smil- house is like an accordion; it While Mrs Ford considers her dancing as well=because ing. bulges out when we're all here her husband the boss of the of a pinched nerve in her neck. "Mr. President." Mrs. Ford and contracts when most of us family she has had to be the She still swims, however, in said. "I don't know whether are away." disciplinarian because of his the family pool. you're offering tulations Their garage. she said, will frequent trips away for speeches One of the best dressed of or condolences,' be remodeled to accommodate and other Republican functions. the Congressional wives, she The President laughed. the Secret-Service agents. who "It's not like saying to the still wears a size 10. Weight is "Well," he said, "at least the moved to Mr. Ford's side just kids, 'Wait until daddy gets no problem. In fact. she some- pay is better." seconds after his appointment Friday at the White House. As Second Lady, Mrs. Ford said, she would "like to do something for the arts, If they need me anywhere." Altma A dancer since the age of 8 and a dance instructor when she was just 14, Betty Ford was with the Martha Graham modern dance group in New custom York City in the late 1930's and early 1940's. Gave Up Dancing 25 "Martha Graham once told me she wanted me to keep on draperi dancing, but she told me 1 would have to completely dedi- Tonight cate myself to it and give up everything else." Mrs. Ford Hart Schaffner & Marx ofshee said. "After thinking it over for a long time and talking to is on NFL Football! mother about it, I decided to go home." We're featuring up-to-the-minute Home was Grand Rapids, men's fashion news on the ABC NFL Dacror Mich., and it was there, in 1948, football series-Hart Schaffner & that she married one of the town's eligible bachelors and Marx is one of the sponsors. onetime University of Michigan We'll be kicking off with football star, Jerry Ford. He great news from our was 35, she was 30. beauty "Sometimes I look back and HS&M Heritage wor- wonder what it would have sted suit collection: been like if I had kept on danc- excellent worsted ing," she said. "Actually, I'm woolens in bold glad I did what I did. Politics is Jerry's life, and I like it, plaids, great solid too." colors, and distin- For nearly 25 years, the en- guished checks tire span of her husband's ca- and stripes. A reer in Congress, Betty Ford has found herself playing a dou- wide selection of ble role-as housewife and models, 175.00. House wife. "That's what we call our- selves, House wives;" she said, referring to the various Con- gressional and Republican clubs to which she belongs. "Some- how, I always end up being pro- gram chairman." She has campaigned for her husband in every election, she PAT NIXON LADY BIRD JOHNSON Copyright 1993 The Washington Post The Washington Post June 18, 1993, Friday, Final Edition SECTION: STYLE; PAGE G2 LENGTH: 519 words HEADLINE: TV Preview; Lady Bird, The Mellow Rose of Texas SERIES: Occasional BYLINE: Sarah Booth Conroy, Washington Post Staff Writer BODY: In 1965, it seemed as if Congress was about to recess without passing Lady Bird Johnson's Highway Beautification Act. President Johnson called in his Cabinet and cronies. He told them that he loved his wife. That Mrs. Johnson wanted the bill passed. And that he intended she and the country should have it. Johnson was a clever and astute politician -- and so was Mrs. Johnson. She had, and still has, her own strong constituency, earned by good works. Fittingly, a tribute by Congress to that First Lady begins an hour-long documentary, "The Story of Lady Bird Johnson, at 10 tonight on Channel 26. The story is told by Mrs. Johnson; Liz Carpenter, her adept staff director; George Christian, presidential press secretary; and others -- unfortunately not always identified when they speak. Charles Guggenheim wrote and directed the program; Grace Guggenheim produced it. The viewer's reaction will be what a nice woman, what a pleasant television biography. Claudia Alta Taylor, as she was born on Dec. 22, 1912, was an un-elected but very active worker for the nation. The 1963-69 First Lady was 22 when she came to town in 1934, bride of a congressional aide. Family photographs of Karnack, Tex., show an idyllic and bucolic childhood, marred when she was 5 by the death of her mother. The footage hints of a domineering father, a good preparation for her husband. Sometimes in her own movie footage and in her own words, her years as a caryatid to his career are brought to life: giving tours to constituents; learning dress and demeanor; living in a tiny apartment until her tears convinced her husband that they should have a house; and, as the vice president's wife, standing in for Jacqueline Kennedy. Her last contribution to LBJ's political life was to persuade him to leave the presidency in 1969, when he was unable to solve the conflicts of the Vietnam War. She also gave him the graceful words: "I will not seek, and I will not accept" a second presidential term. Neglected in this portrayal are her accomplishments as a businesswoman, radio station owner, founder and preserver of the family fortune -- no small achievement in her difficult life. Lady Bird Johnson is neither a lily of the field nor a hothouse rose. She might be likened better to a sturdy magnolia tree, well able to stand the winds of public life. The Texas woman, in the custom of her times, was self-effacing and soft-spoken. "I never tried to lose my Southern accent," she once told me. Not enough can be said about her nurture of nature, but the documentary does credit her efforts in Washington and the nation's parks. The film rightly points to her advocacy of the Head Start program, which resulted in adoption of that key part of Johnson's Great Society program. As she says, "Being married to the president of the United States, somebody was going to listen to what you said, so you better try to think hard about saying something that was both good and true and that you had your heart in." She might have added that you can accomplish a great deal -- if you don't mind giving others the credit. GRAPHIC: PHOTO, LADY BIRD JOHNSON: A SOFT-SPOKEN CRUSADER AND AN ASTUTE POLITICIAN. TYPE: REVIEW SUBJECT: TELEVISION; FIRST LADY NAMED-PERSONS: LADY BIRD JOHNSON Copyright (c) 1988 The Washington Post April 29, 1988, Friday, Final Edition SECTION: STYLE; PAGE G1 LENGTH: 780 words HEADLINE: Lady Bird Johnson, Blooming Still; A Day of Tributes to a Legacy of Beauty BYLINE: Sarah Booth Conroy, Washington Post Staff Writer BODY: When Lady Bird Johnson left Texas to come up to Washington for her Diamond Jubilee, she told her folks: "Call me if it rains, so I can give thanks." More compliments than raindrops fell around the good gardener yesterday as the nation celebrated her 75th year. Still, enough rain fell on the rose garden she had tended at the White House that the congressional gold medal presentation by President Reagan had to be moved inside to the East Room. Mrs. Johnson, speaking in her soft low voice with her natural rhythm that sometimes sounds like hymn singing, told an East Room full of friends that the medal is "a salute to all those people all over this great land who are working to preserve and to enhance the natural beauty of America." And the clouds moved, and the sun sparkled and the raindrops on the flowers she planted in the capital turned into diamonds for Lady Bird Johnson's jubilee. Majority Leader Jim Wright (D-Tex.) told the best Lady Bird story on the House floor. He recalled that once all of Congress had been invited by the president and Mrs. Johnson to a gala Salute to Congress. " But that day Lyndon Johnson sent word to the congressmen that they needn't come to the party until they'd passed the highway beautification act sponsored by the first lady. So the wives in party dresses sat waiting in the House's family gallery until the bill was finally passed at 12:51 a.m. Oct. 8, 1965. At the Capitol earlier Mrs. Johnson, in a Southern-lady navy blue dress with pearls, sat in a House full of kinfolk. Her daughters were there: Lynda Bird Robb with husband Charles Robb, a senatorial candidate; Luci Turpin and her husband Ian Turpin plus their children, and friends ranging from actress Helen Hayes to decorator Bob Waldron to author Liz Carpenter and publicist Bess Abell. Texas congressmen -- and a few from Alabama where she was born -- told stories about her kindness to freshman members of Congress and their wives, her accomplishments as a humanitarian, businesswoman, first lady, environmentalist and hostess. Rep. Lindy Boggs (D-La.) spoke of her admiration for the way Mrs. Johnson had juggled working in her husband's office with volunteering at her daughters' schools, helping with relief to the poor and still managing to be included in the "sessions with the boys." The congressional ceremony had everything from the Naval Academy Glee Club to the Joint Armed Forces Color Guard to seven speeches, all before lunch. After lunch, starting a half hour late, the Senate had about as many speeches, but no singing, unless you count Majority Leader Robert C. Byrd's oration, which included a poem. Byrd said Mrs. Johnson's efforts, like the scent of roses, would linger. And he added, "It is not for every man or woman to engrave his name or her name upon a plate of bronze or to build a great shaft of granite, but it is within the reach of every man and woman to so live that they might plant an ever blooming flower in the breast of all whom they meet. Lady Bird Johnson has planted that flower." Sen. Robert Dole (R-Kan.) said that when he came to Washington in 1961 it was "still a sleepy Southern town. It only had one Chinese restaurant, no Kennedy Center and no Bloomingdale's. But in 1963, Mrs. Johnson initiated a remarkable transformation. Every time I look out my office window, I see tulips, flowering trees, a magnificent feast to life. Her gift keeps on giving." Sen. Ted Kennedy (D-Mass.), apparently unscheduled, signaled Byrd for a chance to speak. He paid tribute to her for her work in beautification, but also (as did several others) lauded her work in promoting the Head Start program. And then he said, "in the 1960s, as first lady, she was very kind to my mother and my family." Mrs. Johnson, sitting in the Senate gallery, nodded her thanks to him. Sen. Lloyd Bentsen (D-Tex.), who had proposed the gold medal (the only one ever awarded a former first lady, according to first ladies historian Carl Sferrazza Anthony), spoke of the many roles of Mrs. Johnson: "a wife, a mother, a pioneering and successful businesswoman, a political counselor, and a private citizen who has continued to contribute President Johnson won some major battles in the war on poverty -- and he was helped by a first lady who traveled over 200,000 miles across this land to muster support for those programs." And Mrs. Johnson put her hands up to her eyes. Some 600 people from Washington, Texas, Utah and other states attended the two-day event and gave amounts from $ 125 to $ 10,000 to make up a million-dollar endowment for the National Wildflower Research Center in Austin, Tex., founded by Mrs. Johnson. JACKIE KENNEDY Newsday November 23, 1988, Wednesday, ALL EDITIONS SECTION: PART II; JFK 25 YEARS LATER; Pg. 2 HEADLINE: A Portrait Of Jackie; She has moved from first lady to independent working woman, aloof from the public, yet a celebrity of legendary proportions SERIES: JFK 25 YEARS LATER. 3rd in a series BYLINE: By Susan Brenna Just 31 years old when she entered the White House, Jacqueline Bouvier Kennedy was the last of the pre-feminist first ladies. Lady Bird Johnson, who held the post at the dawn of the women's movement, had her highway beautification campaign, and every first lady thereafter was forced to adopt an appropriately progressive civic cause. Mental health. Drugs. Literacy. But Jacqueline Bouvier Kennedy (now Onassis), trained from birth to be an accomplished rider, graceful conversationalist and pretty lady, presided over a world where becoming the perfect wife and mother was considered to be the pinnacle of womanhood. She was not supposed to advise her husband on race relations. She was not expected to understand the Cuban missile crisis. She was, in her own eyes and in the view of others, expected to dress like a princess, host fabulous parties, speak Spanish to Spanish diplomats and French to the French, and hire an upright English nanny for her children. And that's what she did. She was born to the Bouvier family of old but thinning wealth, riding in East Hampton horse shows by age 5 in her custom-made derby, ascot and jodhpurs. Her schools were all private, and she barely finished college, transferring out of Vassar to George Washington University her senior year because she essentially had lost interest in higher education. BODY: She was not a barnstorming political wife. In fact, she barely campaigned at all, because it tired and bored her. She did not even vote until she cast her first vote for Jack Kennedy. And after he died, she refused to vote in the next presidential election. Her vote, she explained, had always been his. Living in the White House, she spent much of her time buying clothes, thinking about clothes and designing clothes. One year she spent more money on clothing than her husband earned as president. She even had a maid who ironed her stockings. Today, Jacqueline Kennedy Onassis is a single working woman. Three days a week she commutes by taxi or hired limousine to her office at the Doubleday publishing house. She gets her own coffee, presents her own books at meetings, and signs her own authors. When she visits her veteran hairdresser Kenneth these days for her twice-monthly coloring and styling, she hefts along a Hermes tote stuffed with galleys. In 25 years she has changed from a photogenic cipher, a powerful man's adornment, to a woman who lavishly enjoys her independence (by the accounts of those who know her well). As she has changed, so have American women. "The whole world has changed since the Kennedys," says Letitia Baldrige, once Mrs. Kennedy's White House social secretary and now an authority on etiquette. Considering the limitations of her personality and breeding, many have speculated whether Mrs. Onassis could succeed today in repeating her immense popularity as a first lady. Doris Kearns Goodwin, a Kennedy family biographer and a guest at the Caroline Kennedy-Edwin Schlossberg nuptials in the summer of 1986, recalls watching a joint questioning session involving all the Democratic presidential candidates' wives during the past primary season. She says, "It's hard to imagine Jacqueline ever wanting to go to that sort of thing. But twenty years ago, that wouldn't have been a problem. "Remember, she had little children in the White House. That would be a reason people might accept a first lady who didn't run around campaigning" or involving herself in other public projects. Nonetheless, says Goodwin, "She really is a role model from the past." Says Baldrige, "The charm and social grace and hospitality and style of Mrs. Kennedy would be welcomed and would excite the public in any era. But the women's movement has changed the role of the first lady." It's strange now to watch Mrs. Kennedy's televised 1962 "Tour of the White House." The tour was filmed while the first lady was in the midst of her drive to renovate the White House, to bring to it the glory of French vermeil candelabra and satin draperies and antiques that had once been the possession of presidents past. In the film she seems so young, hardly removed from the girl who society columnist Cholly Knickerbocker named "Debutante of the Year" in 1947. Her voice is soft and girlish as she strides through her "pretty ruhms" with perfect but utterly stiff school-girlish posture. She seems more a figurine than a person. Yet, she has always seemed to be something other than a simple flesh and blood person. Her public is divided into two groups. There are those who think of her as a woman who surmounted inexpressible tragedies with her dignity, and also her precious children intact. To those people, she is awesome. Then there are those too young to remember her in her moment of greatest pain. They know only the tabloid Jackie of nightclubs and Greek yachts and multiple famous escorts. Like that other exalted female of her peak era in the early '60s, Marilyn Monroe, she has evolved into a pop-culture icon, almost a cartoon figure. Discos have been named for "Jackie O." Warhol did her portrait. Post-baby boomers, still in their cribs the day the young widow veiled in black trailed her husband's funeral cortege through Washington, admire her fame, her attitude and her skill at marrying big and rich. "I want to be Jackie Onassis I want to wear a pair of dark sunglasses I want to be Jackie Onassis, oh yeah, oh yeah. I want bodyguards all around I'm anxious to avoid an autograph hound I want to be Jackie Onassis, oh yeah, oh yeah." So goes the song by Human Sexual Response in which tabloid Jackie is immortalized. If this hurts her, she does not complain, at least not in public. In this age of the salable celebrity, there is no other figure of such stature who conducts herself with quite the aloof dignity Mrs. Onassis possesses. Even Princess Di occasionally does BBC interviews. Mrs. Onassis does none. She leads not quite a normal life these days, but one that has a routine to it. She lives in the same 15-room Fifth Avenue apartment that she moved to from Washington just months after John F. Kennedy was assassinated. She had to leave Washington, she said in a rare 1978 talk with a researcher for the Lyndon Baines Johnson Presidential Library, because she could not bear the sight of the home she had shared with the president. "Even driving around Washington," she said, "I'd try to drive a way where I couldn't see the White House." Although she received frequent invitations to state dinners, she said, "It was just too painful for me to go back to that place." Five years ago, on the 20th anniversary of JFK's killing, members of the Kennedy clan gathered by his grave at Arlington National Cemetery. His widow took a solitary walk along the beach at Martha's Vineyard. With both her children now grown - Caroline a law school graduate and the mother of a daughter, Rose; John in his last year at New York University law school - she has been able to relax her obsession with shielding her children from intrusive strangers, as well as from the clamorous, troubled young Kennedy cousins. Now she has her own schedule to cling to, spending three days a week at the Doubleday job and leaving town each weekend for either her home in New Jersey hunt country or the secluded estate she built by the sea on Martha's Vineyard. "She's always loved to travel, she's always loved the country and her riding, and the tastes she has now are pretty much the tastes she has developed over the years," says Mabel (Muffie) Brandon, a celebrated Washington hostess who also worked on a book with Mrs. Onassis. "She's a voracious reader and has a wide knowledge of literature." She has no financial need for a job, being the beneficiary of a $ 10 million Kennedy trust and $ 20 million from the Onassis estate. She was persuaded to go to work by Letitia Baldrige after husband Aristotle Onassis' death in 1975. Baldrige felt her old employer seemed to be at odds, not content to simply shop and lunch. In her profession, Jacqueline Kennedy Onassis is not above using her celebrity when she needs to. It was her personal persuasion that convinced reclusive Michael Jackson to sign with Doubleday for his best-selling autobiography. Although Mrs. Onassis snagged the book, say Doubleday associates, the actual editing was done by a colleague. Mrs. Onassis handles fewer books than most senior editors in the trade division, and those chiefly deal with artistic or historical subjects. Her latest published project is a coffee table book on Fred Astaire. She has her peccadillos. When she hires a private car, no chauffeur can drive her more than once. She does not want anyone knowing the addresses she frequents. She sees a shiatsu acupuncturist for tension relief and has never been broken of her cigarette-smoking habit. She jogs in Central Park along the reservoir and keeps a high-powered telescope in a front room of her Fifth Avenue apartment that she uses not for stargazing, but for people-watching down below. She is also a devoted bird-watcher. She entertains only at small dinners in her apartment. Her co-host for those evenings, as well as her frequent escort, is Belgian-born financier Maurice Tempelsman. Tempelsman is married but estranged from his wife. But even if he were to become free, friends doubt that Mrs. Onassis would marry again. Having dealt with two difficult husbands, the first a womanizer and constant political campaigner who spent little time with his wife, the second a much older and often contentious man who resented her extravagant shopping, she feels happier being her own accountant and keeper. With close friends, she is warm and sometimes even silly. "She's full of humor and great fun," says Muffie Brandon. But the widow of two strong-willed men is wrapped in a translucent shell of her own design, one that allows her to be on display and yet remain utterly mysterious. Her Bouvier family cousin, John H. Davis, calls her modus operandi a mi of "steel and style," everything on her own terms. "She's the most famous woman in the world, and yet nobody knows anything about her," says one of her biographers, Stephen Birmingham, who chronicles the American aristocracy. It's a privacy that otherwise forward New Yorkers almost unanimously respect (with the exception of the paparazzi). Author Dominick Dunne has named her as the single individual he is most eager to interview, but to approach her is out of the question, he says. "I never would' I just admire her too much for the way she chose to live her life out of the limelight, and has succeeded at doing so, creating an aura of such respect about her." An associate at Doubleday says, "I'm as starry-eyed as anybody here. People really are a little bit in awe of her, but they try to hide it for her benefit." And rather than acting imperious toward them, Mrs. Onassis "goes out of her way in the opposite direction, not wanting to interrupt conversations, going out of her way to be polite and unassuming." Although she has lent her name and, at times, her presence to the struggle to preserve New York landmarks and other causes in the last two decades, she has never lent her breathy voice. Unlike most modern public figures, there is almost no archival record of Mrs. Onassis speaking, for she never, ever gives interviews. "And we've certainly had many requests lately," says Nancy Tuckerman, her shield and friend from their days at Miss Porter's School. To most Americans Jacqueline Bouvier Kennedy Onassis remains a soundless image, a pair of wide dark eyes, now edged with pinpoint wrinkles, and that instinctive rotoravure smile. Still, people are hungry to hear her. The "Tour of the White House with Jacqueline Kennedy" is one of the most requested viewing selections among visitors to the Museum of Broadcasting. Friends such as Doris Kearns Goodwin believe that in her 60th year Mrs. Onassis has at times considered breaking her silence, speaking out on issues that concern her. "But the habits of a lifetime are set. I think maybe even if she wanted to break out of her shell a little bit and be a little bit more public, she might think: 'If I do it this once, then maybe I'll have to do it twelve more times.' I'm not sure that it is possible to become more publicly open and not fall right into 'Live at Five' and the rest of it. Maybe it is, but how would she know ahead of time?" Arguing the opposite is Stephen Birmingham, who continues to encounter Mrs. Onassis at various New York charitable functions such as the Literary Lions fund raiser at the New York Public Library this month. "She manages her celebrity just fine as it is," Birmingham says. "There is always the question of will she or won't she show up, which is very clever on her part. Everyone gasps when she walks in, even if she only stays three minutes. She always makes an entrance." Doubleday could probably guarantee itself a Michael Jack son-beating best-seller, should they be able to convince their most celebrated editor to commit her own life to paper. She did write a book once with her sister, Lee, about their post-collegiate travels in Europe. But friends believe Mrs. Onassis will never reveal herself on the page again. Still, she has an obvious literary talent, which suggests that to her authors, she is a sensitive editor. She contributed an essay to Look magazine on the first anniversary of President Kennedy's assassination. It could have been mawkish. Instead, it was executed with grace. "Now I think that I should have known that he was magic all along. I did know it - but I should have guessed it could not last," she wrote. "I should have known that it was asking too much to dream that I might have grown old with him and see our children grow up together. So now he is a legend when he would have preferred to be a man." Friday: The next generation of Kennedys GRAPHIC: 1) Photo by Mark Shaw Collection/Photo Researchers-A photo of Jacqueline Kennedy, candidate's wife, above, was part of a Life magazine essay on her 'cultured, quiet, unpolitical' life at home in Georgetown while her husband was out campaigning. 2) Photo by George Silk, Life Magazine [COPYRIGHT] Time Inc.-Above: First lady on Inauguration Day, 1961, with Pat Nixon; Mamie Eisenhower; and Lady Bird Johnson. 3) Photo by Lisa Larsen, Life Magazine [COPYRIGHT] Time Inc.-Jackie and John at their wedding reception in Newport, R.I., 1953. 4) Photo by Morgan/Globe Photos-As a young girl, Jacqueline Bouvier, at Belmont Park Racetrack in 1939, was trained to be an accomplished rider. She continues to ride and often spends weekends at her home in New Jersey hunt country. 5) Photo by Alfred Eisenstaedt/Life Magazine [COPYRIGHT] Time Inc.-Jacqueline, working at Viking Press in New York in 1977.She's now an editor at Doubleday, where she works three days a week. 6) Photo by Adam Scull/Globe Photos-Jacqueline with frequent escort, above, Belgian-born financier Maurice Tempelsman, who is estranged from his wife. 7) Photo by [COPYRIGHT] Ron Galella-At right, in 1971 with second husband, Greek shipping magnate Onassis. 8) UPI Photo-In 1983, proud single parent with her son, John Jr., and daughter, Caroline, and their uncle Sen. Edward Kennedy, in 1983. 9) AP Photo-On the 20th anniversary of JFK's assassination, his widow takes a solitary walk along the beach at Hyannisport, Mass., as members of the Kennedy clan gathered by his grave at Arlington National Cemetery. 10) Color Cover Photo by Sygma/Allan Tannenbaum-Jacqueline Kennedy Copyright 1989 The Time Inc. Magazine Company Life July, 1989 SECTION: COVER; Pg. 72 LENGTH: 188 words HEADLINE: Happy (60th) Birthday Jackie BODY: Sunday, July 28, 1929, was a scorcher along the eastern seaboard of the United States, and the following day The New York Times reported "record throngs at local beaches." For weekend enjoyment, many people were reading Erich Maria Remarque's All Quiet on the Western Front or watching Lucky Star, with Janet Gaynor and Charles Farrell "in their first talking picture." At Yankee Stadium, Babe Ruth hit a 12th-inning home run to beat the St. Louis Browns. General Motors was selling at $69.50 a share, but three months later it would be down to $7.50. In Southampton toward the tip of Long Island, a gathering of prominent residents attended a series of luncheons and parties to raise money for a hospital. Their names were listed in the Times on Monday, and it is possible that those of Jack and Janet Bouvier, who had been married a year earlier in the social event of the season, might have been among them but for the fact that Janet was at a nearby private hospital giving birth to an eight-pound daughter. Her parents decided to name her Jacqueline. What follows is her life in photographs, one taken each year. GRAPHIC: Picture 1, HAPPY BIRTHDAY JACKIE HER 60 YEARS IN PHOTOGRAPHS descColor cover: Jacqueline Kennedy Onassis., Cover photograph by RPM; Picture 2, NO CAPTION descBlack and white: Jacqueline Kennedy Onassis., BERT & RICHARD MORGAN; Picture 3, NO CAPTION descBlack and white: Jacqueline Kennedy Onassis, John F. Kennedy., LISA LARSEN; Picture 4, (1) Jacqueline Bouvier was to become one of the world's most photographed women. descBlack and white: Jacqueline Kennedy Onassis., MAGNUM PHOTOS; Picture 5, (2) She lived in a large duplex apartment on Park Avenue in New York City -- she is shown in Central Park with her dog Hootchie -- and summered on Long Island. descBlack and white: Jacqueline Kennedy Onassis., MAGNUM PHOTOS; Picture 6, (3) Her mother gave birth to a second daughter, Caroline Lee. descBlack and white: Jacqueline Kennedy Onassis, Janet Bouvier., UPI/BETTMANN NEWSPHOTOS; Picture 7, (4) Dressed for the occasion, she attended a horse show with both parents; she would become an accomplished competitor. descBlack and white: Janet Bouvier, Jacqueline Kennedy Onassis, Jack Bouvier., UPI/BETTMANN NEWSPHOTOS; Picture 8, Horses, along with her family, friends and a long procession of other dogs (5-13), were to dominate her childhood -- one marred only by the divorce of her parents in 1940. descBlack and white: Jacqueline Kennedy Onassis., BERT & RICHARD MORGAN; Picture 9, See above. descBlack and white: Jacqueline Kennedy Onassis., LADIES' HOME JOURNAL; Picture 10, See above. descBlack and white: Jacqueline Kennedy Onassis., BERT & RICHARD MORGAN; Picture 11, See above. descBlack and white: Jacqueline Kennedy Onassis., MORGAN STUDIO/GLOBE PHOTOS; Picture 12, See above. descBlack and white: Jacqueline Kennedy Onassis., AP/LADIES' HOME JOURNAL; Picture 13, See above. descBlack and white: Jacqueline Kennedy Onassis, others., UPI/BETTMANN NEWSPHOTOs; Picture 14, See above. descBlack and white: Jacqueline Kennedy Onassis., MORGAN STUDIO/GLOBE PHOTOS; Picture 15, See above. descBlack and white: Jacqueline Kennedy Onassis, others., BERT & RICHARD MORGAN; Picture 16, See above. descBlack and white: Jacqueline Kennedy Onassis., BERT & RICHARD MORGAN; Picture 17, (14) Black Jack and the Major, father and grandfather, showed up to watch Jackie at a horse show. descBlack and white: Jacqueline Kennedy Onassis, father Jack Bouvier and grandfather., NATURAL; Picture 18, (15-16) At Miss Porter's School, she rode in a horse-drawn sleigh and, along with two classmates, she vamped for the camera, a dark-haired Veronica Lake. descBlack and white: Jacqueline Kennedy Onassis on sleigh., PHOTO COPIED BY MARTHA STANITZ, COURTESY MISS PORTER'S SCHOOL; Picture 19, See above. descBlack and white: Jacqueline Kennedy Onassis, others., PETER BRENNAN; Picture 20, (17) Here she is, Miss America. Having graduated, she made her debut at two Newport coming-out parties and was named Deb of the Year by Oleg Cassini. descBlack and white: Jacqueline Kennedy Onassis., MAGNUM PHOTOS; Picture 21, (18) She entered Vassar, had her own wheels and descBlack and white: Jacqueline Kennedy Onassis., LLOYD PAULEY/PROVIDENCE JOURNAL-BULLETIN; Picture 22, (19), still acting saucy, made her first trip through Europe. descBlack and white: Jacqueline Kennedy Onassis., MAGNUM PHOTOS; Picture 23, (20) Liking it, she joined the Smith College Junior Year Abroad program, studying in France. descBlack and white: Jacqueline Kennedy Onassis, others., UPI/BETTMANN NEWSPHOTOS; Picture 24, (21) Returning, she graduated from George Washington University. A month earlier she had attended a dinner party in Georgetown at which she was introduced to a young Massachusetts congressman, John F. Kennedy, who later claimed to have "leaned over the asparagus and asked her for a date." descBlack and white: Jacqueline Kennedy Onassis., GLOBE PHOTOS; Picture 25, (22) She summered in Europe with sister Lee and the two wrote about their adventures in a book, One Special Summer, published in 1974. Later in 1951 she became engaged to John Husted, an investment banker, then landed a job as an inquiring photographer in Washington, D.C. descBlack and white: Jacqueline Kennedy Onassis., NO CREDIT; Picture 26, (23) Her newspaper work placed her conveniently close to Kennedy, who had shown a good deal of interest, and Husted was a goner. descBlack and white: Jacqueline Kennedy Onassis., UPI/BETTMANN NEWSPHOTOS; Picture 27, (24) On September 12, 1953, Jackie married John Fitzgerald Kennedy in Newport, R.I., attended by 14 ushers and 10 bridesmaids. He was 36, she 24. descBlack and white: Jacqueline Kennedy Onassis., UPI/BETTMANN NEWSPHOTOS; Picture 28, (25) A worried Jackie accompanied her husband to Cornell Medical Center in Manhattan before he underwent back surgery. descBlack and white: Jacqueline Kennedy Onassis, John F. Kennedy, others., AP; Picture 29, (26) When she participated in one of the legendary Kennedy family touch football games in Washington, D.C., Jackie broke her right ankle and announced her permanent retirement. descBlack and white: Jacqueline Kennedy Onassis on crutches., UPI/BETTMANN NEWSPHOTOS; Picture 30, (27) She attended the '56 Democratic convention while in the final months of her second pregnancy, which, like her first, ended with no issue. Her husband's name was placed in nomination as Vice President, but he lost, thus avoiding losing in an Eisenhower landslide. descBlack and white: Jacqueline Kennedy Onassis., HOWARD SOCHUREK; Picture 31, (28) Caroline Kennedy, born the day after Thanksgiving in 1957, was christened by Richard Cardinal Cushing as her parents beamed. descBlack and white: John F. Kennedy, Jacqueline Kennedy Onassis, Caroline Kennedy, Richard Cardinal Cushing., AP; Picture 32, (29) This was a happy period, with a husband, child and home in Georgetown. descBlack and white: Jacqueline Kennedy Onassis, Caroline Kennedy., NINA LEEN; Picture 33, (30) There was time for Hyannis Port and frolicking in the surf with Caroline during the early summer of '59. The major event of the next summer was the Democratic convention and her husband's nomination. Four months later John Jr. was born. descBlack and white: Jacqueline Kennedy Onassis, Caroline Kennedy., MARK SHAW COLLECTION/PHOTO RESEARCHERS; Picture 34, (31) In the bitter cold on January 20, 1961, Jackie and Jack rode to the White House after the inaugural ceremonies. descBlack and white: John F. Kennedy, Jacqueline Kennedy Onassis., PAUL SCHUTZER; Picture 35, (32) "I intend to make this a grand house," said Jackie of 1600 Pennsylvania Avenue, and she did, although it took more than a year. Here she shows off a candelabrum from the James Monroe period. descBlack and white: Jacqueline Kennedy Onassis., ED CLARK; Picture 36, (33) As First Lady she was called upon to perform -- with style -- a variety of duties, such as christening a U.S. submarine. descBlack and white: Jacqueline Kennedy Onassis., BILL EPPRIDGE; Picture 37, (34) The Kennedy Camelot ended abruptly, tragically. She flew to Dallas with her husband, was beside him when he was assassinated and three days later attended his funeral in Washington with her brother-in-law, Robert Kennedy. An era was over. descBlack and white: Jacqueline Kennedy Onassis, Robert F. Kennedy., UPI/BETTMANN NEWSPHOTOS; Picture 38, (35) Starting a new life, Jackie sold her Georgetown house because it was becoming a tourist attraction. She also became a familiar sight at such ski resorts as Stowe and Aspen and that summer traveled to England with the children. descColor: Caroline Kennedy, Jacqueline Kennedy Onassis, John F. Kennedy Jr., AP; Picture 39, (36) She began to appear at public functions with a variety of gentlemen, and she leased a house in Bernardsville, N.J., fox-hunting country, but on her birthday, she stayed at the Kennedy compound in Hyannis Port. descBlack and white: Jacqueline Kennedy Onassis., UPI/BETTMANN NEWSPHOTOS; Picture 40, (37) Jackie took the kids to Hawaii, where John Jr. was burned when he fell into a cookout pit and had to be flown to Honolulu. descBlack and white: Jacqueline Kennedy Onassis, others., N.Y. DAILY NEWS; Picture 41, (38) On a trip to Cambodia, Jackie got an almost-too-close look at a Republican mascot. descColor: Jacqueline Kennedy Onassis, elephant trunk, others., EMPIRE NEWS/BLACK STAR; Picture 42, (39) Accompanied by brother-in-law Ted, she visited Aristotle Onassis in August, then returned in October with a cadre of Kennedys to say, "I do," reportedly receiving $1.5 million for each word. descBlack and white: Jacqueline Kennedy Onassis, Aristotle Onassis, others., UPI/BETTMANN NEWSPHOTOS; Picture 43, (40) On consecutive birthdays, Ari gave her a 40-carat diamond ring and descBlack and white: Jacqueline Kennedy Onassis., A.P.I.S., PARIS; Picture 44, (41) told a bikinied Jackie on Skorpios he would buy her "the best yacht in the world." descBlack and white: Jacqueline Kennedy Onassis., GAMMA-LIAISON; Picture 45, (42) Jackie and her children had dinner with the Nixon family at the White House, her first visit there since 1963. descBlack and white: Jacqueline Kennedy Onassis., RON GALELLA; Picture 46, (43) A sticky lawsuit developed with paparazzo Ron Galella, whom Jackie wanted kept at bay. descBlack and white: Jacqueline Kennedy Onassis., UPI/BETTMANN NEWSPHOTOS; Picture 47, (44) When Caroline lost Secret Service protection at 16, Jackie hired her own guards. descBlack and white: Jacqueline Kennedy Onassis., ELIO SORCI; Picture 48, (45) Ari died, and how much money Jackie received, only the IRS knew for sure. descBlack and white: Jacqueline Kennedy Onassis, others., UPI/BETTMANN NEWSPHOTOS; Picture 49, (46) Viking Press signed her on as a $238-a-week consultant. She attended a Frank Sinatra concert, after which Ol' Blue Eyes escorted her to the 21 Club. descBlack and white: Jacqueline Kennedy Onassis, Frank Sinatra., AP; Picture 50, (47) Jackie was seen with artist William Katz at the Parsons School of Design, setting off rumors of romance. Author Philip Roth, for one, denied he was a suitor. descBlack and white: Jacqueline Kennedy Onassis., UPI/BETTMANN NEWSPHOTOS; Picture 51, (48) Jackie resigned from Viking because it intended to publish a novel in which Ted Kennedy, elected President, was assassinated. descBlack and white: Jacqueline Kennedy Onassis., AP; Picture 52, (49) Big year. She became an associate editor at Doubleday, bought 375 acres of Martha's Vineyard for $1.15 million, watched John graduate from Exeter and threw a combined 21st and 18th birthday party for her children. descBlack and white: Jacqueline Kennedy Onassis., RON GALELLA; Picture 53, (50) She spent her own birthday aboard a yacht off the Maine coast, companions unidentified. descBlack and white: Edward Kennedy, Jacqueline Kennedy Onassis., UPI/BETTMANN NEWSPHOTOS; Picture 54, (51) It wasn't romance, just an evening out with pal Mike Nichols. descBlack and white: Mike Nichols, Jacqueline Kennedy Onassis., DAVID MCGOUGH/DMI; Picture 55, (52) Former First Lady greeted future First Lady Barbara Bush in a year when 17 paintings Jackie bought in India were mistakenly thrown out but saved by alert sanitation men. descBlack and white: Jacqueline Kennedy Onassis, Barbara Bush., BOB SERATING; Picture 56, (53) When John graduated from Brown, mother and sister were there, Caroline playing paparazzo herself. Jackie was promoted to full editor at Doubleday and was instrumental in handling an eventual best-seller, Michael Jackson's 1988 autobiography. descBlack and white: Jacqueline Kennedy Onassis, Caroline Kennedy., JOHN FORASTE/GAMMA-LIAISON Picture 57, (54) Testifying at a hearing, she supported landmark status for certain Manhattan buildings. descBlack and white: Jacqueline Kennedy Onassis., JOHN CARL D'ANNIBALE; Picture 58, (55) She appeared with Gloria Steinem at the Academy of Arts and Letters in New York. descBlack and white: Gloria Steinem, Jacqueline Kennedy Onassis., UPI/BETTMANN NEWSPHOTOS; Picture 59, (56) Wedding bells rang for Caroline, who married Edwin Schlossberg, and niece Maria Shriver, who married muscleman Arnold Schwarzenegger. descColor: Jacqueline Kennedy Onassis, John F. Kennedy Jr., CHARLES KRUPA/AP; Picture 60, (57) Jackie chatted with Kitty Dukakis at the dedication of a park at Harvard to honor JFK. descColor: Jacqueline Kennedy Onassis, Kitty Dukakis., UPI/BETTMANN NEWSPHOTOS; Picture 61, (58) Attempting to stay fit and incognito, she was caught circling the Central Park reservoir. And she became a grandmother when Caroline gave birth to daughter Rose. descBlack and white: Jacqueline Kennedy Onassis., PAUL ADAO/OUTLINE PRESS; Picture 62, (59) Jackie dined with Maurice Tempelsman, a diamond merchant, who is her long-standing escort. In May, John graduated from NYU Law School. So that's it, Jacqueline Bouvier Kennedy Onassis. Congratulations on July 28 from all of us at LIFE. descColor: Jacqueline Kennedy Onassis, Maurice Tempelsman., BRIAN QUIGLEY LANGUAGE: ENGLISH MAIME EISENHOWER BESS TRUMAN