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SAVE AMERICA'S TREASURES THE MILLENNIUM PROGRAM National Trust for Historic Preservation HONOR THE PAST . IMAGINE THE FUTURE . CELEBRATE THE MILLENNIUM SAVE AMERICA'S TREASURES THE MILLENNIUM PROGRAM We stand at the convergence of a new century and the next millennium - a milestone in human history. In 1997 the President and the First Lady created the White House Millennium Council, to set some themes, engage the federal agencies and invite all Americans to participate in meaningful activities through the year 2000. The overall theme for national projects and commemorations is: "Honor the past; imagine the future." The President is inviting all Americans to "give gifts to the future," to participate in projects that will enhance future generations. The result is the Millennium Program: Save America's Treasures. As the President said in his State of the Union Address: "I am proposing a public-private partnership to advance our arts and humanities and to celebrate the millennium by saving America's treasures, great and small." On the public side, the President has proposed to Congress a bi-partisan program: a Millennium Fund -- $50 million in each of the next two fiscal years -- to stimulate a national effort to "Save America's Treasures." The fund would be administered through the U.S. Department of the Interior. Half would be allocated for the most urgent preservation projects of regional and national significance, identified by federal agencies and institutions. Half would go to the states, through the State Historic Preservation Officers, for the most important preservation projects identified by them after broad consultation. An even greater opportunity exists on the private side. Historic preservation in America has always been a public-private partnership. The National Trust for Historic Preservation is offering leadership by inviting individuals, foundations and corporations to participate in this great initiative to Save America's Treasures. One of the best ways we can imagine the future is to honor our past. As America changes, we must carry forward the heritage that embodies our nation's memory to inspire future generations. To this end, the National Trust has invited selected corporate, foundation, and individual leaders to form the Millennium Committee to Save America's Treasures, co-chaired by First Lady Hillary Rodham Clinton and National Trust President Richard Moe. This Committee will lead the private efforts to preserve our national treasures. As we know, the millennium will occur no matter what anyone does. Save America's Treasures will succeed because of what each of us does. 1 101 EXAMPLES OF AMERICA'S TREASURES AT RISK Presented herein are 101 examples of historic places, artifacts, and documents representing our nation's heritage. Each of these tangible parts of our heritage is at risk of destruction or deterioration. The list could be much longer. Hundreds of other compelling examples exist in the towns, cities and countryside of our nation. (Even as we complete this draft, we learn of additional projects such as the Navajo Nation Tribal Council Chambers.) These examples are not prioritized. They are offered as specific instances of the much greater story of America. They include sites, artifacts, and documents owned by federal agencies, state and local governments, and nonprofit organizations. The National Trust for Historic Preservation compiled the list by contacting scores of community preservationists across the United States. Heritage Preservation, Inc. provided major contributions, especially in examples of artifacts and documents at risk. Staffs of State Historic Preservation Offices, National Parks, statewide nonprofit preservation organizations, community preservation organizations, the General Services Administration, National Archives and Records Administration, National Endowment for the Arts, National Endowment for the Humanities, Keepers of the Treasures, and Council on Library and Information Resources all contributed examples. In addition, staff of the National Park Service reviewed and endorse this draft. The National Archives and Records Administration reports that one example is now funded, thanks in part to the Save America's Treasures Program. The Charters of Freedom Re-Encasement Project is the improved encasements of the Declaration of Independence, the Constitution, and the Bill of Rights to preserve them into the new millennium. The President's FY 99 budget includes $4 million for re-encasing these precious documents and recently, the Pew Charitable Trusts completed the needed $4 million funding with a recent grant of $800,000 announced as part of the Save America's Treasures Program. The Pew Charitable Trusts also announced a grant of $5 million toward the $15 million cost of restoration of the Star Spangled Banner, to be undertaken this year by the National Museum of American History. April 27, 1998 2 U.S.S. CONSTELLATION Baltimore, Maryland Launched in 1854 and possibly incorporating elements of a frigate built in 1797, this National Historic Landmark vessel served the United States faithfully for nearly 100 years, never losing a battle. The Constellation pursued slave-trade ships off the African coast in 1859, made the first official naval capture of the Civil War in 1861, transported food to Ireland during a famine in 1880 and served as a flagship during World War II. Normally berthed in Baltimore's Inner Harbor, the Constellation is now in dry dock to repair her rotting hull, structural elements, and decks. $12 million is needed to fully restore and interpret the Constellation. This full restoration includes work on structural and watertight integrity, standing and running rigging, interior cabins, guns, and interpretation. Restoration is critical in order for the Constellation to attract sufficient visitors to achieve economic viability. The Constellation Foundation has raised $6.1 million to date and is still fundraising. A significant grant from the Save America's Treasures Program would ensure the viability of this great ship for decades to come. 3 CONSTELLATIN DRYOUCK : JUI ZIMA AMANA COLONIES Iowa The Amana Colonies, the longest enduring communal settlement in the United States, is a National Historic Landmark District, comprised of seven villages, set within 26,000 acres of farmland and forest and boasting a unique collection of nearly 150 barns, corn cribs, sheds, and granaries. The Amana Society, Inc. and recently formed Amana Historic Sites Foundation are in need of funds to stabilize and rehabilitate these structures, now largely abandoned to modern farming practices and operations. A planning process is scheduled to begin the summer of 1998 to determine strategies for preservation of the entire cultural landscape. $350,000 would allow restoration of the two structures needed to complete one village as a model for the rest. FAIR PARK Dallas, Texas Fair Park, a National Historic Landmark District, was built in 1936 for the Texas Centennial and encompasses an amazing collection of buildings and art displaying a unique blend of classicism, Art Deco design, and traditional Texas motifs. Most of the buildings, sculptures and murals are suffering from deterioration and need an estimated $60 million for restoration and repairs. The building most urgently in need of repair (the roof threatens a cave-in) is the former Hall of Administration Building, planned for conversion into a Women's Museum by the Foundation for Women's Resources. Estimated cost for the rehabilitation of this building is $22 million with $5 million dedicated for facade restoration alone. Private fundraising efforts have brought in $10 million to date. 4 The Women's Museum An Institute for the Future An extraordinary statue of a woman rising from a cactus welcomes visitors to one of the oldest buildings at Fair Park in Dallas, Texas. As unusual as the goddess at its door, this historic 1910 structure once housed livestock shows during the day and opera performances at night. Soon to undergo extensive restoration and renovation, the building will reopen in October 2000 as The Women's Museum: An Institute for the Future. MONTPELIER Orange County, Virginia Montpelier, home to James Madison, fourth president of the United States and "Father of the Constitution," is nestled in 2,700 acres of rolling pasture land in the shadow of Virginia's Blue Ridge Mountains. Formal gardens and a National Landmark Forest surround this Greek Revival house, residence to James and Dolly Madison for nearly 85 years and the Dupont family for almost 60 years. Opened to the public in 1987, Montpelier is owned and operated by the National Trust for Historic Preservation, which is seeking to preserve the site for public education about the life of James Madison. Private fund-raising efforts have allowed the Trust to fund some repairs to the structural system and the roof, stabilizing the deterioration of the main residence; however, additional rehabilitation is necessary to allow visitors into more than four rooms. The Madison core, the first and second floors and the basement level, are funding priorities as are installation of professional exhibits detailing the lives and times of James and Dolley Madison. Listed on the National Trust's Most Endangered List in 1992 and 1993, Montpelier received a $1 million pledge from President George Bush toward the historic property's restoration. With a total estimated restoration and interpretation cost of $25 million, a challenge grant from the Save America's Treasures program would secure for the benefit of all American's an irreplaceable piece of our young nation's history embodied within Mr. Madison's Montpelier. 5 BIDDLE MEMORIAL HALL, JOHNSON C. SMITH UNIVERSITY Charlotte, North Carolina Johnson C. Smith University was founded in 1867 to primarily train African-American teachers and ministers. Biddle Hall, a National Historic Landmark, was constructed largely with student labor in 1883, as the administration and classroom building for the college. Biddle Hall has suffered from deterioration and inadequate maintenance, is only partially occupied and has total rehabilitation needs in excess of $3 million dollars. Additional landmarks at Historically Black Colleges and Universities in urgent need of rehabilitation include: Old Hood Building, Livingstone College, Salisbury NC, $1.8 million; Beard Hall, Tougaloo College, Jackson, Miss., $3 million; and Old Administration Building, Huston- Tilloston College, Austin, TX, $2.5 million. FRANK LLOYD WRIGHT'S TALIESIN Spring Green, Wisconsin Frank Lloyd Wright lived and worked at Taliesin, his 600 acre enclave near Spring Green, Wisconsin, from 1911 until his death in 1959. Today, this National Historic Landmark, which receives 33,000 visitors annually, suffers from serious deterioration, including water damage, foundation settlement and wood decay. The Taliesin Preservation Commission, Incorporated, seeks $8 million to fully restore the main residence. 6 - "10] CHANCELLORSVILLE BATTLEFIELD Fredericksburg, Virginia One of the most expansive of all Civil War Battlefields and the site of more than 30,000 casualties, Chancellorsville is considered "Lee's greatest battle." But, the historic integrity and the visitor experience of the world famous Chancellorsville battleground is threatened by the piece-meal erosion of its rural character through a myriad of road projects and insensitive sprawl development. The National Park Service needs approximately $3.5 million to acquire the Flank Attack site. CONSERVATORY OF FLOWERS, GOLDEN GATE PARK San Francisco, California The Conservatory of Flowers, erected in 1878-79, is one of the most significant extant Victorian greenhouses in the United States. Its design was modeled after the Royal Conservatory of Kew Gardens in London. The structure consists of an intricate grid pattern of white-painted Gothic tracery supporting over 30 tons of glass. The Conservatory is listed on the National Register and is one of the most visible buildings in Golden Gate Park. Deferred maintenance and natural forces such as storms and earthquakes have taken a devastating toll on the building so that, after 116 years of operation, it is now closed to the public. The Conservatory was recently included in the World Heritage Watch, a list of 100 endangered sites around the globe compiled by the World Monuments Fund. An estimated $7 - 12 million is needed to fully restore the Conservatory. A challenge grant from the Save America's Treasures Program would kick-off a major capital campaign to save this landmark. 7 NX NX OKNO DIONO DOO DOG DOB 000 DOD DOD 000 ROBIE HOUSE Chicago, Illinois An architectural masterpiece designed by Frank Lloyd Wright in 1909-1910, the National Historic Landmark Robie House is now the focus of a ten year undertaking to restore the house to its original 1910 appearance. A new partnership between the Frank Lloyd Wright Home and Studio Foundation and the University of Chicago is breathing new life into this cornerstone of American architecture. The partnership has initiated a process to develop a $161,000 master plan for restoration with implementation costs estimated at an additional $4.5 million. EWA VILLAGES PLANTATION Honolulu, Hawaii Established in 1890, Ewa Plantation (pronounced "Eva") is a roughly 400- acre former sugar cane plantation on the western end of Honolulu determined eligible for listing as a National Historic Landmark. It is representative of the plantation culture that played a fundamental role in the modern development of Hawaii. Ewa is one of the best examples in the islands and a potential model for other closed plantations around the state. While the site and its still active schools, churches, industrial buildings, and 279 homes for former plantation workers were saved from demolition in 1989, funding to preserve the core part of the Ewa Plantation is urgently needed. Central to this project is enabling former workers to continue living in their homes and community, and at the same time preserve these unique structures for new generations to appreciate. $50,000 would enable the development of a financing plan. The City and County of Honolulu own the property. 8 The Restoration and Rehabilitation of HOMES IN KMA PHASE . Owner City and County of - Architect Architect Design Associates Construction Funding Provided by 1st THE DEPARTMENT OF HOUSING AND COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT FOUNDING FATHERS' PAPERS United States - - Multiple Locations The correspondence and writings of America's Founding Fathers, including those of George Washington, Thomas Jefferson, Benjamin Franklin, John Adams, and James Madison, remain scattered in archival repositories across the country, greatly limiting public access to them with barely half of the papers published to date. Projects to publish these papers in carefully annotated editions have begun. In these editions scholars verify the documents, transcribe them for publication, and provide introductions and footnotes to help readers understand them. As volumes are published they become available at last to all Americans in public libraries, school libraries, and book stores. The National Historic Publications and Records Commission and the National Endowment for the Humanities have been able to provide limited assistance to funding publication of these papers. A 3-year project, with total cost of $1,050,000, would result in publication of volumes 35 and 36 of the Papers of Benjamin Franklin ($200,000), volume 4 of George Washington's Retirement Series ($100,000), volumes 11 and 12 of the Papers of John Adams ($250,000), volumes 28 and 29 of the Jefferson Papers ($250,000), and volume 5 of Madison's service as Secretary of State under Thomas Jefferson ($250,000). KNIGHT FOUNDRY Sutter Creek, California The National Register-listed Knight Foundry is the last commercial water- powered foundry and machine shop in the United States, located in the heart of California's Mother Lode. The foundry is currently closed, and the private owner has repeatedly expressed an interest in selling the property. Funding will be used to assist the community of Sutter Creek in securing an option, at $80,000, to purchase the Foundry and its collection of artifacts for public use. The machinery, tools, and casting forms are largely intact. Total acquisition cost is $400,000. 9 GREAT LAKES LIGHTHOUSES Minnesota, Wisconsin, Illinois, Indiana, Michigan, Ohio, Pennsylvania, and New York Dotting the shores of the Great Lakes are approximately 100 historic lighthouses, many dating from the 1800s and all evidencing the maritime history of this part of our nation. The Federal government is deaccessioning these lighthouses over the next several years. While not all may be saved and restored, up to one half are located where they could be reused by new local, county, or non-profit owners. The average estimated cost for preservation is $300-$400,000 per lighthouse. One million dollars to local communities could provide 20 challenge grants of $50,000 each for repair, restoration, interpretation and programming, enabling at least a sizeable number of light stations to retain a viable use within their communities. MESA VERDE NATIONAL PARK Colorado Mesa Verde, home to prehistoric people known as the Anasazi from about 1200 to 1300 AD, was included on the 1995 National Trust 11 Most Endangered List and the 1998 World Monuments Fund listing of 100 Endangered Properties. There are approximately 5,000 documented prehistoric sites in Mesa Verde, including 585 cliff dwellings and 45 mesa- top towers. Collapsing walls, undermining foundations, sagging roofs, rising damp, and eroding mortar all place these structures at risk. With an initial investment of $500,000, the park could perform assessment to determine which sites need preservation treatment and undertake stabilization of the 30 most endangered sites. Cost Estimate: $9 million over 5 years. 10 Z CENTRAL HIGH SCHOOL Little Rock, Arkansas At its opening in 1927 Central High was hailed as the most beautiful high school in America, but in 1957 Central High drew international attention when federal troops were sent by President Eisenhower to protect nine African-American students who were integrating the school. Although its place in local, state, and national history has been well acknowledged, Central High School is currently threatened by the toll that heavy daily use takes on a building with repairs estimated to cost more than $6 million. A Save America's Treasures grant will enable it to continue to operate effectively as a high school, boasting the highest number of National Merit Scholars of any high school in Arkansas. A historic gas station nearby will interpret the historical importance of Central High for visitors. THOMAS EDISON'S INVENTION FACTORY West Orange, New Jersey Thomas Edison's laboratory complex, in which Edison created more than half of his 1,093 patented inventions, consists of more than a dozen structures housing an amazing collection of 390,000 objects and more than 5 million documents, including Edison's letters and lab notes. Many of the buildings on this National Historic Site remain in need of structural maintenance. Edison's prototypes, valuable notes, and photographs are decomposing because they lack proper storage and climate control. Proper archival storage facilities, documentation and curation of artifacts and restoration of structures are estimated to total $30 million. 11 my Chis 1845 attract ball nov Chur 26 1875-> nou of togeth FORT ZACHARY TAYLOR Key West, Florida In the aftermath of the War of 1812, the United States, secured its borders from foreign invasion by building dozens of coastal fortifications along the eastern seaboard. Fort Zachary Taylor, a National Historic Landmark, is a state-owned historic site that served throughout the Civil War and the Spanish-American War and is now in danger of collapse. Funding of $2 million is urgently needed to repair deteriorated elements of the fort and stabilize the masonry elements of the structure. SENATOR JOHN POPE VILLA Lexington, Kentucky This National Register listed property was designed by architect Benjamin Henry Latrobe and constructed in 1811. The Bluegrass Trust for Historic Preservation is cooperating with the University of Kentucky's Historic Preservation Program in conducting a very careful and expensive restoration of the Villa after it was severely damaged by fire, but is short at least $500,000 to complete this complex restoration. PEMBERTON'S HEADQUARTERS Vicksburg, Mississippi A Greek Revival House built in 1834, this National Historic Landmark building served as the temporary headquarters of Confederate General John C. Pemberton during the siege of Vicksburg from 1862-1863. Inaccessible to the public and listed by the National Trust as one of our nation's 11 Most Endangered Historic Places in 1997, Pemberton's Headquarters fate lies with the National Park Service and the City of Vicksburg, who are now exploring a joint venture to purchase, restore and interpret Pemberton's Headquarters at a cost of $1.2 million. 12 PORT GAMBLE Port Gamble, Washington This tiny hamlet, a National Historic Landmark District, is often referred to as the "west coast Williamsburg," (although its mill activities have ceased operations during the last few years). The town, founded by Andrew Pope and William Talbot, boomed during the demand for lumber from San Francisco in the 1800's. While the town's authenticity has been preserved, plans for reuse of the town are unclear and tourism planning is minimal. $100,000 is needed for master planning for rehabilitation and reuse. MANY GLACIER HOTEL Glacier National Park, Montana Dating from 1913, this National Historic Landmark was built at a time when Americans traveled by train to experience the wilderness of our great western parks. Today, Many Glacier Hotel is threatened by a myriad of problems include a worn-out roof, leaking and damaged windows, banging pipes, and structural problems. Cost of repair, upgrading mechanical systems, and restoration of public spaces is estimated at $16.6 million. 13 Lim THIS DOCUMENTATION OF THE IMMIGRANT EXPERIENCE Minneapolis, Minnesota The United States is a nation of immigrants. Their story is best told through diaries, letters, personal papers, local public records, and other historical records. Documentation of the immigrant experience is currently inadequate, fragmentary, and scattered with records often inaccessible and physically at risk. The bulk of ethnic historic records remain outside of archival custody, facing deterioration and loss. A national strategy is needed to locate, preserve and make accessible these records. The first step is to establish a national clearing house to make available, via Web site and newsletter, information on projects to collect and preserve documentation on the immigrant experience. Working with the Association of Migration Institutes of North America, the clearing house would initiate collaborative projects for preservation of immigrant records. Examples include: the inventory and microfilming of immigrant group journals and magazines, the survey of ethnic historical societies and museums holdings and upgrading the quality of curatorial care, and the collection and archiving of immigrant memoirs, diaries, family histories, and letters. These are major recommendations of "Documenting Diversity: A Report on the Conference on Documenting the Immigrant Experience in the United States of America," November 1990. The clearing house will be housed at the Immigration History Research Center of the University of Minnesota. Annual operating costs are $100,000 with a program budget of $150,000. THE STAR SPANGLED BANNER Washington, District of Columbia The Smithsonian Institution will begin the restoration of the flag which inspired the writing of our national anthem in September 1998 with complete reinstallation by late 2001. The project requires the development of a conservation laboratory, the removal and cleaning of the flag, and the reinstallation of the four-story flag in a new setting for enhanced public viewing. Estimated cost: $15 million. The Pew Charitable Trusts recently committed $5 million as part of the Save America's Treasures Program. 14 *** Л UNION MILITARY SERVICE RECORDS Washington, District of Columbia The Civil War service records of 180,000 African-American volunteer soldiers are being prepared for transfer to microfilm by the work of the National Archives Volunteer Association, volunteers who are members of the Civil War Conservation Corps, a group that contributes 11,000 hours of work annually to preserve Civil War records. The next critical step in this effort is to record the information on microfilm, but currently funds are not available. Once on microfilm, these records would be available to the public through National Archives and Records Administration national and regional offices. Cost Estimate: $800,000. CAHOKIA MOUNDS Collinsville, East St. Louis, Illinois Cahokia, a National Historic Landmark and World Heritage Site, is the largest prehistoric Native American urban center in the country. Today, less than one-third of Cahokia's original 4,000 acres is owned by the State of Illinois, with the remaining prehistoric village site threatened by development and urban sprawl spilling over from St. Louis, Missouri. A Save America's Treasures grant of $500,000 to be equally matched by the state, would enable the purchase of two priority tracts of land. 15 THE GEORGE WASHINGTON'S OFFICE TENT Yorktown, Virginia Used as George Washington's private office and sleeping quarters while in the field during the Revolutionary War Campaign this tent (or "marquee" as it was known then) is one of the principal Washington relics and is displayed at Colonial National Historical Park, in Jamestown/Yorktown, Virginia. Conservation treatment and new mounting are essential if it is to be available for future generations. This includes a dedicated heating, ventilating and air-conditioning system necessary to maintain the stable environment essential to the preservation of a fragile textile. Cost estimate: $220,000. ST. VIBIANA CATHEDRAL Los Angeles, California This Cathedral was listed on the National Trust's 11 Most Endangered List in 1996. It is the oldest remaining building in downtown Los Angeles. Initially threatened with demolition by the Catholic Church, the building now awaits sale and an adaptive reuse. The preservation community is waging a campaign to find a buyer/developer for the Cathedral and its site. Funds would be used for acquisition. Estimate: $750,000. ELLIS ISLAND (South Side) New York, New York The buildings on the south side of Ellis Island, vacant and deteriorating, are architecturally and culturally significant as living testament to the immigrant experience and the treatment of communicable diseases during the first half of the 20th century. Efforts to foster the private-sector redevelopment of the south side have failed, and in 1996 the National Park Service responded to the listing of the south side on the 1996 World Monuments Fund most endangered sites listing by launching an effort to determine the best means of preserving the south side buildings. Stabilization cost of the buildings is estimated at $3.5 million. 16 Parer FORT FREDERICK Washington County, Maryland Fort Frederick, now a Maryland State Park and National Historic Landmark, encapsulates American history from the colonial period to the present. Constructed in 1756 the purpose of the fort was to protect settlers living on Maryland's frontier from the raids by the French and their Native American allies. The walls of Fort Frederick were built of stone, thus making this provincial French & Indian War fort very unique. Today, over two - thirds of the fort's walls are original. During the Revolutionary War, Americans turned this strong fort into a prisoner of war camp for over 2,000 British and German soldiers. The fort was sold in 1791 and prior to the Civil War was farmed by Nathan Williams, a former slave. It was the Williams family that lived here during the Civil War when a company of Union troops were stationed here to protect the Chesapeake & Ohio Canal from the Confederate army. The state purchased the fort in 1922 and turned it into one of Maryland's first state parks. By the year 2006, the State of Maryland, with much public support, is interested in completing the restoration of Fort Frederick for the 250th Anniversary of the fort's construction. The state has appropriated $231,000 for archaeological work in preparation for the future restoration to include: Phase I reconstruction of Officers Quarters ($1 million), exhibits and furnishings for the Officers Quarters ($ 250,000) and reconstruction of firing platforms, catwalks, and the powder magazine ($1.4 million); Phase II- reconstruction of the road system in the historic area ($1,300,000); and Phase III- construction of a public comfort station in the historic area ($700,000). 17 VICTORIA MANSION Portland, Maine Built between 1858 and 1860, the Victoria Mansion is perhaps the nation's finest example of Italianate Villa style architecture and interior fashion and technology. The richly decorated interiors feature frescoed walls and ceilings, elaborate carvings and plasterwork, and stained glass, all of which are highly intact and internationally renowned. The Victoria Society of Maine has owned the National Historic Landmark since 1943 and has undertaken many restoration efforts, but currently needs $2-3 million to solve structural and drainage problems. CUYAHOGA COUNTY SOLDIERS AND SAILORS MONUMENT Designed by Captain Levi Tucker Scofield and Executed by Scofield and George T. Brewster Cleveland, Ohio This bronze Civil War monument is unique in its artistry and scale, representing both the Union and Confederate sides, portraying the grim reality of brother fighting brother, and including African American soldiers. Four statuary groupings depict the Infantry, Artillery, Cavalry, and Navy in the heat of battle grouped around a 125' granite column topped with an Amazonian statue of Liberty. Over the past 103 years, outdoor pollutants have deteriorated the monument. To date $240,000 has been raised toward the $410,000 restoration budget. Cost Estimate: $210,000. 18 and LONGFELLOW HISTORIC SITE (1759) Cambridge, Massachusetts This house was the home of Henry Wadsworth Longfellow from 1837 to 1882. George Washington used the house as his headquarters during the siege of Boston. At his desk in the study, Longfellow wrote the "Midnight Ride of Paul Revere" and corresponded with Charles Dickens and Thomas Carlyle. He also entertained friends like Ralph Waldo Emerson, Oliver Wendell Holmes and Charles Summer in the front rooms of the house. The site is also home to extremely valuable documents and archives that are waiting, in non-climate-controlled conditions, to be identified, documented and stored. All of its artifacts are original and the collection is complete to the time of the Longfellow residency. Examples of the collection range from a lottery ticket that once belonged to George Washington and a Civil War Union uniform with bullet hole to furnishings, decorative art pieces, and hundreds of thousands of letters, journals and photographs including documents from George Washington, Thomas Jefferson, Ralph Waldo Emerson, Charles Dickens, and Abraham Lincoln. Although the house is part of the National Park System, it lacks $730,000 for critical collections and landscape preservation needs. 19 IN will MOCCASIN BEND NATIONAL HISTORIC LANDMARK Chattanooga, Tennessee An array of continuous prehistoric and historic sites chronicling important aspects of human history of North America for over 10,000 years exists at Moccasin Bend, a distinctly configured peninsula of the Tennessee River. Located adjacent to the Chickamauga and Chattanooga National Military Park, water recreational activity and the lack of a management plan is causing riverbank erosion leading to the loss of archaeological artifacts and Native American graves at this National Historic Landmark site. The earthworks on the site are also threatened from the dense vegetation and undergrowth which needs to be removed. Estimated cost to stave off erosion of the riverbank and the earthworks is $4.9 million. RIVER ROAD PLANTATIONS Baton Rouge and New Orleans, Louisiana A series of National Historic Landmark plantations including Oak Alley, Homeplace and Evergreen (among others) are temporarily safe, but are continually threatened with insensitive development plans and the threat of demolition from petrochemical plants along the Mississippi River. $1 million to aid state level efforts to purchase plantations, buy development rights, or simply to stabilize and rehabilitate such at-risk sites as Whitney Plantation is needed to help preserve this unique corridor. SHELDON JACKSON COLLEGE Sitka, Alaska Sheldon Jackson College, currently the subject of a National Park Service National Historic Landmark study, is a remarkably intact rustic-style college located in Sitka, Alaska. The financially-strapped college, which has historically served a predominately Native student body, has made a tentative commitment to preserving its one-of-a-kind campus. Unfortunately, Sitka's harsh rainy climate and geographic isolation present a great preservation challenge. Funds would be used for rehabilitation. Cost estimate: $750,000. 20 WAIKIKI WAR MEMORIAL NATATORIUM Honolulu, Hawaii This remarkable Beaux Arts sea water swimming complex has survived the tremendous pressures of Waikiki's growth, but may not survive much longer without stabilization and upgrading. The facility is closed, but public sentiment to save the complex is strong. The complex was built to honor the state's WWI veterans. It was listed in the National Trust's 1995 11 Most Endangered list. Friends of the Natatorium are working to save this treasure, but the cost of $12 million still remains. TOPAZ INTERNMENT CAMP Delta, Utah During World War II, 8,000 Japanese Americans were evacuated and interned at Topaz as part of Executive Order 9066. Today, the desolate, wind-swept, desert site still contains evidence of human habitation. Foundations, artifacts and remnants of the built environment survive. A grassroots group, the Topaz Museum Board, recently purchased 400 acres of the 640 acre camp in order to stop the systematic destruction of the site by residential redevelopment. The Museum is studying ways to interpret the site with public access. Funding would be used for archeological work and restoration. Cost estimate: $100,000. 21 - BENEDICT ARNOLD GUNBOAT Lake Champlain, Vermont and New York Discovered this summer by researchers from the Lake Champlain Maritime Museum in Vermont, the 54-foot vessel laying on the bottom of Lake Champlain is one of the gunboats used by Benedict Arnold's squadron while engaged the British in the Battle of Valcour Island in 1776. Legacy funds have been provided to develop a management plan for the gunboat. A committee of experts will be assembled to assess all management options, including raising the boat in place. Funding will be needed to preserve, and interpret this remarkable shipwreck, and to protect it from invasive zebra or quagga mussels. Early funding estimates are $10 to 15 million. GOVERNMENT HOUSE IN AMERICAN SAMOA American Samoa Built as the US Naval Governor's residence in 1903, since 1951 this National Historic Landmark has been the home of the civilian governors of American Samoa. The building is suffering from deterioration and termite damage. The American Samoan government owns this structure but has no tax base from which to draw the $100,000 needed for rehabilitation. NICODEMUS Nicodemus, Kansas This small town (pop. 40) on the plains of western Kansas is the oldest African American settlement in the West, established in 1877 by freed blacks who left the South during Reconstruction in search of independence and prosperity. Designated a National Historic Site in 1996, Nicodemus is in danger of losing its few remaining historic buildings if immediate stabilization does not occur. Cost Estimate: $500,000. 22 BRISTOL COUNTY COURTHOUSE Bristol, Rhode Island Once the renovation of this early 19th c. National Register property on Bristol Common is complete, this site will again serve the greater communities of Bristol, Warren, and Barrington, an 'interactive classroom' dedicated to teaching history and geography to elementary and middle school children through classes, lectures, and student dramatized re-enactments. The Bristol County Courthouse originally served as one of the five State Houses that Rhode Island's governing body would alternately occupy to facilitate citizen access to their government. Total restoration is estimated at $550,000. JOHN MITCHELL MONUMENT Scranton, Pennsylvania Members of the United Mine Workers raised the necessary funds to commission this monument by Charles Keck and the Roman Bronze Company, erected in 1924, honoring John Mitchell, who is buried in Scranton, a city where he received his greatest support as a labor leader. The monument reads, "Champion of Labor: Defender of Human Rights." Bas reliefs depicting the life of the miner at home and in the mines decorate the granite base; a heroic scale bronze sculpture of John Mitchell is the focus of the monument. Cost estimate: $30,000. SHERIDAN INN Sheridan, Wyoming Wyoming is in danger of losing its National Historic Landmark hotel, the Sheridan Inn, built by the Burlington and Missouri Railroad in 1892 and later managed by Buffalo Bill Cody. The Inn is jointly owned by the City and County of Sheridan on a lease agreement with Sheridan Heritage Center, a community-based non-profit, which has raised close to $1 million for restoration with an additional $2.5 million needed to complete the project and re-open the Inn to the public. 23 NATIONAL FILM PRESERVATION FOUNDATION United States - - Multiple Locations The National Film Preservation Foundation was created by an act of Congress in 1996 to raise private funds to support national film preservation. The National Endowment for the Arts and the American Film Institute created the first nationally coordinated effort in film preservation and the existence of the momentum which the movement achieved. Only about half of the American Films produced before 1950 have survived. Many films are currently in danger of physically withering. The Foundation has raised approximately $300,000 to date and is scheduled to receive $250,000 in appropriated funds in 1999. They estimate the preservation task to require a budget of $3 to $5 million a year. OLD ST. LOUIS POST OFFICE St. Louis, Missouri This 113-year-old National Historic Landmark, among St. Louis' most historic and prominent downtown buildings, will soon stand vacant as the General Services Administration plans to vacate the structure by the end of 1998. A market analysis to determine economically viable uses, do initial schematic planning, and address transportation problems and opportunities is needed. Cost estimate: $500,000. MT. RUSHMORE NATIONAL MEMORIAL, 1930 Gutzon Borglum, National Park Service, Keystone, South Dakota This monument to four of the nation's prominent presidents suffers from 144 cracks in the rock in addition to surface hairline cracks. As a first step to ensure stabilization, the monument needs to be carefully monitored by installing a $110,000 rock block monitoring system. The first $75,000 was covered in FY98 budget; the balance needed is $35,000. 24 CHESAPEAKE & OHIO CANAL HISTORIC PARK (MONOCACY AQUEDUCT) Dickerson, Maryland More than 184.5 miles long and boasting 11 of its 12 original aqueducts (including the most threatened, the Monocacy Aqueduct), the C & O Canal represents a historic engineering feat which, today, is imperiled from more than a century of natural disasters including damage caused by Hurricane Agnes in 1972 and flooding from 1996 which threw piles of debris against the piers. Unless the damage is corrected, the Monocacy Aqueduct could collapse, severing the towpath and effectively cutting the C & O Canal National Historic Park in two. The aqueduct, which stretches across the Monocacy River near its junction with the Potomac, is the focus for restoration efforts by the C & O Canal Association, a private non-profit which is raising the $600,000 needed to begin stabilization work on the Monocacy Aqueduct, the first component of an estimated $10 million restoration project. FORT ROBINSON Dawes County, Nebraska This National Historic Landmark fort, established in 1874 to protect the nearby Red Cloud Indian Agency, played a key role in the Indian Wars and was the site of Sioux Chief Crazy Horse's death in 1877. Now used for museum interpretation and visitor lodging, many of the Fort's 49 intact historic buildings require restoration after years of deferred maintenance, and $5 million is needed to fund this restoration program. 25 LICE NIN ANDERSON COTTAGE ("LINCOLN'S SUMMER WHITE HOUSE") Washington, District of Columbia Camp David, Warm Springs places of retreat where our nation's greatest leaders have retired for the quiet and solitude needed to shape their thoughts and, eventually, the nation's destiny. Just such a retreat was Anderson Cottage, constructed in 1842-43 and named after Major Robert Anderson, who commanded Fort Sumter at the outbreak of the Civil War. This National Historic Landmark property served as the summer White House to numerous presidents, the most notable being Abraham Lincoln. Located on the grounds of the U.S. Soldiers' and Airmen's Home, this Gothic Revival cottage was home to Lincoln and his family during one- quarter of his presidency. Today the cottage suffers from the weariness of time and stress. Once a country retreat for the Lincoln family, Anderson Cottage is now an office building with peeling paint and falling plaster. The Lincoln Forum of the Civil War Education Association and the National Trust are working closely with the National Park Service and the Soldiers' and Airmen's Home to develop an appropriate public use for the facility. Currently, funding is needed for a comprehensive resource study to gather the historical documentation, determine the best public use, and develop the restoration plan to return the Anderson Cottage to its Lincoln- like appearance. It is estimated that $3 million will be necessary for an authentic restoration. 26 X UNTITLED FRIEZE, (1942), SARGENT JOHNSON San Francisco, California Sargent Johnson pioneered in the development of a distinctly African- American presence in the visual arts. This enormous stone relief, located at the outdoors athletic field of George Washington High School which depicts athletic events and desperately needs stabilization and treatment at a cost of $75,000. The frieze measures 12 feet high by 185 feet long and stands between 6 and 8 feet off the ground. There is an area where pieces of the frieze are chipping and out of plane. (In March 1998, the San Francisco Museum of Modern Art opened a major retrospective of Johnson's work.) ADOBE CHURCHES OF NEW MEXICO New Mexico Scattered across the deserts and mountains of New Mexico is the largest and most diverse assemblage of publicly used earthen buildings in the United States. Almost one-third of the state's 362 catalogued earthen churches are now in imminent danger of loss or severe damage due to shrinking congregations, well-intentioned but misdirected preservation, and lack of technical skills to initiate repairs and restoration. An award-winning nonprofit organization, Cornerstones, needs funding to support community efforts to stabilize and restore approximately 200 of these historic structures. The most significant of these churches suffer from moisture penetration, cracking plaster and deteriorating footings, and the inappropriate use of cement plaster. Costs for restoration of three of these landmark structures are estimated as follows: Nuestra Senora de la Luz, $250,000; San Jose del Chama (captured in the famous 1941 Ansel Adams photograph, "Moonrise over Hernadez"), $100,000; and San Estevan del Rey in Acoma Pueblo, $400,000. 27 + WHEELOCK ACADEMY AND MISSION McCurtain County, Oklahoma As the first national academy founded under the Choctaw Nation's Act of 1842, the Wheelock Academy became the model for some 35 academies and seminaries established by the Five Civilized Tribes in Indian Territory. A National Historic Landmark, the buildings, which include the three educational structures owned by the Choctaw Nation and the oldest standing church building in Oklahoma (owned by a non-profit), are vacant, deteriorating, and in need of substantial stabilization work before a new use can be found. $1 million is needed for rehabilitation of the Academy's main building. HISTORIC COUNTY COURTHOUSES OF TEXAS Texas Texas' 222 county courthouses are historically the center of community public life. But these great temples of justice are falling prey to a lack of funding for maintenance and conservation, and a lack of long range planning. Currently, the Texas Historical Commission and Preservation Texas are working to secure funding from the Texas legislature for restoration of 55 of the oldest and most historic courthouses -- with an estimated cost of $150 million. To build the case for a request to the Texas legislature for funding these first, most endangered courthouses, measured drawings of their current configurations and conservation of their original architectural drawings and records is planned. Cost estimate: $1-2 million. 28 1) И HISTORY OF MAIL DELIVERY MURALS Cleveland, Ohio This grouping of 35 paintings, completed in 1908 by Francis Davis Millet, is currently in storage awaiting repair and conservation for reinstallation in Cleveland's Beaux Arts style Federal Building/U.S. Courthouse. Total preservation cost is $100,000 and includes $17,000 for assessment and $83,000 for conservation and reinstallation. OLD SUMMERTON HIGH SCHOOL Summerton, South Carolina Built in 1936 and nationally significant for its association with a series of court cases encompassed within the landmark Brown V. the Board of Education Supreme Court decision, the Old Summerton High School was closed in 1987 and is steadily deteriorating. Currently owned by the Clarendon County School Board, efforts have been made to unite the community by raising funds to adaptively use the building as a community center or elderly housing. The cost for rehabilitation is conservatively estimated between $500,000 and $750,000. KAKE CANNERY Kake, Alaska The Kake Cannery, a National Historic Landmark complex dating from 1912, is the most significant of the remaining Pacific coast salmon canneries. The cannery was recently designated a National Historic Landmark. Held in trust by the Bureau of Indian Affairs for the Organized Village of Kake, the complex is situated on an isolated island in Southeast Alaska and the buildings are in need of stabilization and restoration. Total rehabilitation cost is $4.6 million but current priorities could be addressed with $1.3 million. 29 100% 5 19 92 ¥ H 1.5 SITTING BULL DRAWINGS Washington, District of Columbia A signed, autobiographical set of 22 drawings made in 1882 documenting Sitting Bull's deeds of military honor were laminated in the 1960's to provide support for the brittle paper on which they were produced. Because the laminate is now deteriorating, they must be delaminated, cleaned and stabilized. Additionally, digitization would allow intellectual access without continued handling. These self-portraits of Sitting Bull are preserved in the collections of the National Anthropological Archives of the Smithsonian Institution. Cost estimate: $45,000. MORMON ROW Grand Teton National Park, Wyoming With settlements dating from 1910 to 1930, Mormon Row represents the final stages of the Homestead Period in the West. Left to deteriorate after the creation of Grand Teton National Park in the 1950s, the National Park Service has undertaken restoration of a few structures, but lacks the $600,000 necessary to restore and interpret the homestead buildings. VISTA HOUSE, HISTORIC COLUMBIA RIVER HIGHWAY Multnomah County, Oregon A unique monument, crafted by human hands, this double-tiered octagon of stone was dedicated in 1919 as the crowning point for the Historic Columbia River Highway, recently nominated as a National Historic Landmark. Visitors to Vista House travel a winding historic roadway, heralded as the engineering feat of its time and designated as one of the nation's most scenic byways. Today, however, as visitor's experience the breathtaking panorama of the Columbia River Gorge through the arching windows of Vista House, their vision is marred by the deteriorating stonework and cracking plaster that frames the view from within the walls of Vista House. The cost to repair the leaking copper roof, cracking marble and terrazzo floors, broken light fixtures, and rusting iron railings is estimated at $2 million. 30 AMERICAN BALLET THEATRE CHOREOGRAPHY PRESERVATION United States ⑉ Multiple Locations In the past, nuances of classic works have been passed down through generations of dancers from the initial choreographer as the only means of preservation. This project would compile extant knowledge and bring 15-20 classic American pieces to the stage while concurrently teaching the dances to young dancers and recording them on videotape. Two million dollars is needed and $1,250,000 is already committed. Cost Estimate: $750,000. BATH-HAVERHILL COVERED BRIDGE Bath and Haverhill, New Hampshire Built in 1829, this is the oldest existing covered bridge in New Hampshire and the country. Due to problems with weight loads, the bridge has been bypassed by a new one, but the towns still plan to use it for bicyclists and pedestrians. The two towns need funding support, estimated at $350,000, for repairs to its roof, siding, deck, and two-span town lattice truss structure. (The bridge is physically in the village of Woodsville, which is within the towns of Bath and Haverhill.) ROTUNDA MURALS Washington, District of Columbia The Barry Faulkner murals in the Rotunda of the National Archives Building in Washington D. C. depict the drafting of the Declaration of Independence and the Constitution. The proposed 1999 Federal budget includes funds to rehouse and display the Charters of Freedom documents in a way to minimize their deterioration. The Rotunda murals however, painted in 1936, need cleaning and refurbishing which is currently unfunded. Cost Estimate: $1,200,000. 31 THE CULTURAL HISTORY OF INDIANA Bloomington, Indiana Commissioned for the Chicago Century of Progress Exposition of 1933 and donated to the University of Indiana afterwards, Thomas Hart Benton's epic mural cycle is the longest continual mural cycle in the world, more than 200 feet in length and 12 feet high. It depicts an American "people's history" but deterioration risks its loss. Restoration will be accompanied by photography to include in a book on murals and video documentation of the restoration process for television and classroom audiences. Total cost is $500,000 and $300,000 has already been contributed by the National Endowment for the Arts, the University of Indiana, and individuals. Cost Estimate: $200,000. RUSSIAN ORTHODOX CHURCHES Alaska Perhaps no other single resource type so eloquently illustrate's Alaska's rich cultural legacy than it numerous Russian Orthodox churches. The Russian Orthodox faith is the primary faith of Native Alaskans and Aleuts, and has played a role in Alaska similar in importance to that of Catholicism among Latin Americans. These churches, a number of which have been designated National Historic Landmark's are scattered in communities around the state. While the Church is committed to preservation, the predominantly Native congregations frequently lack the financial resources needed to adequately preserve the buildings and their priceless icons. $100,000 alleviate threats of lack of money, harsh weather, and past inappropriate conservation efforts. 32 FREEMAN HOUSE Los Angeles, California The Freemans were prominent Jewish intellectuals who entertained a host of avant-garde artists, dancers and actors during Los Angeles' evolution as a major metropolis. This Hollywood Hills house is richly designed by Frank Lloyd Wright utilizing his unique masonry tile system. Unfortunately the Freeman House, owned by the University of Southern California, was seriously damaged during the last major earthquake and remains closed. Funds would be used for rehabilitation. Cost estimate: $750,000. MAPES HOTEL Reno, Nevada This last surviving art deco high rise in downtown Reno is a threatened icon of the historical development of the city. Most downtown historical structures have all but vanished with the latest wave of casino complexes built during the last decade. The Mapes, empty and abandoned, is situated on a prime location along the Truckee River. Funding would be used to support rehabilitation. Cost estimate: $750,000. JINSHA SHRINE Maui, Hawaii Built in 1915, this is one of only two known Shinto shrines remaining in Hawaii, in contrast to the numerous surviving Buddhist temples. This wooden structure was built by Japanese Issei - first generation immigrants - who worked on the sugar plantations. It is an outstanding architectural accomplishment, combining their traditional methods of carpentry, joinery and designs with local elements and materials. The unpainted wood is fitted together without the use of nails. The resulting structure is an irreplaceable blend of ancient traditions adapted to newly established lifestyles. This shrine to worship nature and ancestors has been lovingly cared for by its small and elderly congregation, but is in serious need of repair. The congregation has neither the funds nor the special expertise to restore this National Register temple. Estimate: $300,000. 33 AIR THE LE CHESTERFIELD Idaho Chesterfield is a remarkable Mormon agricultural community located in remote southeast Idaho. At its peak during the turn of the century, Chesterfield had a population of just over 400. While today the community is almost a ghost town, many of its historic structures, including most of its major public buildings, survive, offering a unique illustration of a Mormon pioneer community. Most of the town site has been acquired, with the support of residents, by the non-profit Chesterfield Foundation, which is leading the ongoing restoration efforts. Funding would contribute greatly towards restoration, since these efforts are taking place as summer work camps with volunteer labor. Cost estimate: $100,000. PRAIRIE CHURCHES OF NORTH DAKOTA North Dakota North Dakota's diverse collection of prairie churches, which represents a broad range of ethnic backgrounds and religious persuasions, is in danger of being lost forever due to deferred maintenance and shrinking congregations. A small investment of $150,000, now, will provide $10,000 matching rehabilitation grants to ten of the state's most threatened churches, and will provide technical assessments for another fifty, enabling tiny but dedicated congregations and community groups to preserve these historic buildings in order to serve North Dakota rural communities for another 100 years. 34 THE U.S. COURTHOUSE, SAVANNAH Savannah, Georgia This Second Revival Renaissance building, built between 1894 and 1899 by Architect Jeremiah O'Rourke, was constructed where John Wesley, founder of Methodism, preached in 1736 and 1737 -- the site of the prior courthouse erected by James Oglethorpe, founder of the Georgia colony. The General Services Administration estimates that $5 million is needed to complete preservation work including roof repair, restoration of exterior and public spaces and renovation of the historic District courtroom. TENTH STREET BRIDGE Great Falls, Montana This graceful arched bridge across the Missouri River (1920, National Register) was recently saved from the wrecking ball and, in response to a spirited citizens campaign, adopted by the City of Great Falls. Although a local nonprofit preservation group has committed to raise funds for rehabilitation ($350,000 in 5 years, to supplement $400,000 in federal and state transportation funds), with the goal of fully restoring the historic bridge and integrating it into Great Falls' popular Rivers Edge pedestrian/bicycle trail system, the Tenth Street Bridge remains threatened because the cost of rehabilitating the bridge ($750,000) may outstrip the nonprofit's fundraising capacity. 35 ABORIGINAL ROCK ART Homol'ovi State Park, Arizona These rock art panels emphasize the ancient associations among the Anasazi, Hohokam, Mogollon, and Sinagua cultures. Located on adjacent embankments along Route 66 and another highway, they have suffered extreme vandalism and erosion. Strategies for preservation are complicated by the need to coordinate among the Arizona State Land Department, Arizona State Parks, Arizona Department of Transportation, and the Arizona State Museum. Funds will be used to treat the rock art to remove or diminish the effects of vandalism, to create barriers such as fencing that will increase security to prevent future vandalism and erosion, and to improve and direct safe public access by creating a trail. Cost Estimate: $100,000. BOB-LO BOATS Detroit, Michigan The Bob-Lo boats are a significant memory to decades of southeast Michigan citizens. "A first kiss," is a common and fond recollection throughout the area. Formerly known as the Steamers' Columbia and Ste. Claire, these excursion steamers were most known for transporting visitors between Detroit and the Bob-Lo Island amusement park. From 1902 and 1910, through 1991, these paddle-wheel steamers carried as many as 650,000 passengers a season. Since 1991, these National Historic Landmarks have quietly sat unused, deteriorating and awaiting an uncertain future. A local non-profit acquired both boats in 1993 with the intention of restoring the Columbia. What is needed is a detailed study and business plan for the reuse of the Columbia. Estimated cost is $50,000. To date, cost estimates to put the Columbia back in use have ranged from $1 million to $2 million. 36 LED CHARLES M WA | 4 IMPERILED ORIGINAL PHOTOGRAPHIC WORK United States - Multiple Locations The work of major photographers such as Ansel Adams, Alfred Bierstadt, Matthew Brady, W. H. Jackson, Eliot Porter, and Carleton Watkins is contained in nitrate negatives, roll film, and motion picture film that is slowly disintegrating. Unless stored at a very low temperature, cellulose nitrate film gives off acidic nitrate oxide gases, damaging surrounding materials and causing embrittlement of paper and film. This important collection of American images is located in 142 National Parks. The collection needs to be duplicated, rehoused, and returned to the multiple Park sites. Cost estimate: $3,347,062 GETTYSBURG CYCLORAMA Gettysburg, Pennsylvania This colossal panoramic painting of "Picketts Charge" measures 356 feet by 26 feet, and is one of the few existing cycloramas left in the world. The painting is currently displayed in a Park Service facility that is not large enough to allow it to be hung properly. As a result, the fabric of the painting is subject to severe stress factors that cause it to fold and buckle along its entire surface. The painting was last rehung in 1962 and the adhesive used attracts and absorbs moisture, which exacerbates the stress. The painting needs to be cleaned, conserved and rehung. Cost estimate: $5 million. 37 MADONNA OF THE TRAIL, AUGUST LEIMBACH Springfield, Ohio, and Washington, Pennsylvania Commissioned by the Daughters of the American Revolution, Madonna of the Trail (1920) was placed in 12 cities along the National Old Trails Road of Westward expansion crossing twelve states and combines five old trails. The Madonna sculptures in Ohio and Pennsylvania are located on the Cumberland or National Road, the only highway ever built directly by the federal government. These are the two sculptures most in need of attention. Cost estimate: $40,000 each. THE HERBARIUM OF HENRY DAVID THOREAU circa 1850-1862 Cambridge, Massachusetts An herbarium at Harvard University of about 800 specimens collected by Thoreau are organized in five volumes, loosely mounted on thin folio-sized paper, numbered in pencil and arranged in systematic order according to Asa Gray's Manual of Botany. The specimens appear to be in the condition in which Thoreau left them, and extensive conservation work is required to prepare them for use by researchers, costing $60,000. NASA SPACESUITS Washington, District of Columbia Materials in these suits are deteriorating rapidly, endangering the only records of this stage of space technology. Proper and adequate storage is needed to prevent further and accelerated deterioration of the NASA Space Suits. Proper storage will increase the ability to display the suits and to rotate them for exhibit at the Air and Space Museum of the Smithsonian Institution. If proper storage is not acquired, these space suits may not continue to be displayed to the public due to their increased deterioration and fragile condition. Environmental storage will cost $175,000. 38 SOUTHWESTERN PIETA Albuquerque, New Mexico Luis Jiminez is an internationally significant and highly respected Mexican- American contemporary artist. His outdoor sculpture titled "Vaquero" sits at the entrance of the National Museum of American Art, Smithsonian Institution. Jimenez's colorful fiberglass works are found throughout the Southwest, California, and Texas. Located in one of Albuquerque's oldest original Hispanic neighborhoods on the grounds of a Spanish and art magnet school, the Pieta is loved by neighborhood residents who purchased and installed lighting for the sculpture. Due to the region's harsh elements and acid particulates, the sculpture's brilliant colors have faded and the protective coating has deteriorated. Cost estimate: $25,000. SECOND PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH WITH FAMOUS STAINED GLASS WINDOW COLLECTION Chicago, Illinois This church's stained-glass windows define an interior that is one of the world's finest examples of the Arts & Crafts Movement. The exceptional collection of stained-glass windows are by Louis C. Tiffany, McCully & Miles, Louis J. Millet and Sir Edward Burne-Jones for William Morris and Co. Paint has begun to fail on the stained glass images of several windows. Tiffany's plated glass required carved leads that are very costly and labor intensive to restore. Cost estimate: over $1 million. 39 WEST BADEN SPRINGS HOTEL The Springs Valley, Indiana Billed as the "Eighth Wonder of the World" the West Baden Springs Hotel was built in 1902 on the site of a hotel that had burned to the ground in a spectacular three-hour fire. Owner Lee W. Sinclair pledged to build a bigger, better and "absolutely fireproof" hotel within one year. It was tough to find an architect to meet the timetable and challenge of the immense 6- story domed atrium Sinclair envisioned, but Harrison Albright, a young architect from West Virginia, took on that challenge and succeeded. Guests arrived from all over the world to "take the waters", enjoy the luxurious accommodations, and perhaps partake of the illegal gambling that flourished in The Springs Valley. But the stock market crash of 1929 ended the fun. It was successively used for a Jesuit seminary, a private college, and then was vacant. Historic Landmarks Foundation of Indiana stabilized the most critical deterioration in 1991 and, with the help of an anonymous donor, acquired the property in 1996. With the help of a primary benefactor and many small contributions, HLFI will have invested $21.5 million by October of 1998 to achieve a 30% restoration. The 250 acre property and structures are in need of complete rehabilitation and $6 million would restore 60 rooms to provide initial cash flow and make the property more attractive to a final developer. 40 FRANK E. MOSS COURTHOUSE Salt Lake City, Utah Construction of this building between 1902 and 1905 (after a design by Architect James Knox Taylor) introduced the Greek Revival style to Utah. The oldest structure in the Exchange Place Historic District, the preservation component of this project includes restoring three courtrooms, the original lobbies and corridors and the building's facade and is estimated at $16 million. FORT SNELLING HISTORIC DISTRICT/UPPER POST St. Paul, Minnesota The Upper Post, constructed between 1879 and 1905, is where Civil War troops were trained, administration for Dakota Territory was housed, and soldiers were inducted or trained from the Spanish-American War through World War I & II. The majority of the upper fort area was transferred to the State of Minnesota in 1971 and an adaptive reuse plan has been developed which will need $1.9 million for implementation. A $500,000 Save America's Treasures grant could be leveraged 3:1 by the State of Minnesota. LOUIS ARMSTRONG ARCHIVES Queens, New York This archive at Queens College/CUNY holds a unique collection of personally recorded reel-to-reel tapes. These rare recordings contain invaluable documentation about Louis Armstrong's life, his colleagues, and his music, all recorded by Armstrong himself. Of the more than six hundred reels, many of which are deteriorating due to age, at least half require immediate preservation copying by qualified audio technicians. Cost estimate: in excess of $100,000. 41 FARISH STREET HISTORIC DISTRICT Jackson, Mississippi The Farish Street neighborhood, originally established in the 1880s, was Jackson, Mississippi's first African American neighborhood. Over the past five years, the Farish Street Historic District Foundation has developed a revitalization strategy for the neighborhood, a National Register district, which encompasses heritage tourism, affordable housing, and entertainment. The Smith-Robertson Museum, housed in a former school building, is a repository for local African American history. Plans are underway to create a neighborhood museum celebrating the life of a prominent midwife. The historic Alamo Theater has been restored and is used for community activities. The Foundation recently broke ground for a 35-unit housing rehabilitation project. The Foundation is currently raising funds to redevelop the commercial buildings on Farish Street into an entertainment district similar to Beale Street in Memphis. This once vibrant blues nightclub district spawned many blues musicians who went on to national prominence, including the legendary Robert Johnson. Future plans include the rehabilitation of the King Edward Hotel, listed on the National Register, and Union Station. Of the total budgeted $13.7 million for the entertainment district, $8.7 million has been raised. WALKER EVANS ARCHIVES Manhattan, New York The progenitor of the documentary tradition in American photography, Evans recorded the daily lives of ordinary citizens and created an encyclopedic visual catalogue of his time, photographs that in essence answer the question "what is most American about America?" His archive, housed at the Metropolitan Museum of Art, contains unpublished letters and papers, his collection of books, roadside signs and picture postcards, in addition to his life's work--40,000 negatives and transparencies. Cost estimate: $250,000. 42 MONTEZUMA'S CASTLE Montezuma, New Mexico The cornerstone of a fashionable resort developed by the Santa Fe Railroad in the foothills of the Sangre de Cristo Mountains, Montezuma Hotel is a grand 90,000-square-foot Queen Anne-style fantasy designed by famed Chicago architects Burnham and Root and completed in 1885. Now located at the heart of the American campus of United World College, years of deferred maintenance and vandalism has caused serious damage that will take millions to repair. SOTTERLEY PLANTATION Hollywood, Maryland The Sotterley Plantation, a National Historic Site, was threatened with closure in 1993 due to costs of upkeep and restoration necessary for continued public visitation. Constructed ca. 1710, this former tobacco plantation survives as a complete historic ensemble which includes a manor house, 1830's slave cabin, an 18th century necessary, smoke house, a 1767 customs house and a series of other plantation dependencies. A full restoration program addressing structural damage to all the buildings requires $2 million. Fundraising efforts by Sotterley Foundation has resulted in state and federal commitments totaling $1 million. Preservation Maryland has committed over $50,000 to work on the site including an interpretive program addressing the multi-cultural history of the plantations residents. An additional $1 million is needed to complete the restoration program. 43 EIN El N the STATE T 11 ANDREW WYETH PAINTINGS Chadds Ford, Pennsylvania Andrew Wyeth is considered to be one of the most important American painters of the 20th century. The surfaces of his tempera paintings are dry and velvety, but are very fragile. A white efflorescence is exuded as the medium ages. Some museums now have a moratorium on loaning and exhibiting their Wyeth paintings, opting instead to store them in drawers where they are protected but cannot be seen. Funds for research to determine the best treatment approach and then its implementation could allow beautiful paintings that have been stored out of sight for years to again be seen and enjoyed. Cost estimate: $350,000. CONFEDERATE ARMORY AND MILL COMPLEX Tallassee, Alabama Built in 1844 and made of hand cut stone from the Tallapoosa River bank, the Armory/Mill Complex is one of Alabama's 10 Most Endangered Sites and is the only Confederate arsenal not destroyed by Union troops during the Civil War. The all volunteer Talisi Historical Preservation Society is currently raising $180,000 to purchase the massive Mill building. $500,000 would help complete the purchase of the property and begin stabilization efforts to adaptively use the complex. ROUNDHOUSE COMPLEX Martinsburg, West Virginia Listed on the National Register as a site associated with the Great Railroad Strike of 1877, the Roundhouse is currently owned by CSX and is considered surplus property by the railroad. An adjacent railroad station has been returned to use by AMTRAK and MARC. The Roundhouse is a key property for downtown revitalization efforts in Martinsburg. $1 million would be needed to begin restoration of the exterior wrought iron framing for the building and complete the adaptive use plans for the structure. 44 FIRE il Hill HE SAMUEL HUNTINGTON BIRTHPLACE Scotland, Connecticut This early house, birthplace of Samuel Huntington, a signer of the Declaration of Independence and president of the Second Continental Congress from 1779-1781, survives in relatively unaltered condition, although in need of restoration. The Governor Samuel Huntington Trust has received both grants and private donations for the project, but still needs to raise $200,000, with the goal of opening the house as a museum and educational facility. LEWIS AND CLARK HERBARIUM Philadelphia, Pennsylvania Thomas Jefferson's mandate to Meriweather Lewis and William Clark to thoroughly document their search for a water route between the Mississippi River and Pacific Ocean produced one of the nation's greatest treasures. The Lewis and Clark Herbarium (1804 - 1806), housed at the Academy of Natural Sciences. Two hundred and twenty-six herbarium sheets with plant specimens from the trip survive. Approximately $100,000 is needed to fireproof and upgrade climate controlled housing, repair the specimens from years of research use, and produce a computerized database available through the Internet with photographs and bibliographic images. Cost estimate: $ 100,000. JOHN SMITH Jamestown, Virginia This William Couper statue of John Smith (1907) was erected in celebration of the 300th anniversary of the landing in what was to become Jamestown, the first permanent English settlement in North America. Not only does the statue look over the James River, but as a result of recent archaeological excavations it has been discovered that it also looks over the remains of the original 1607 settlement. Cost estimate: $15,000. 45 FREEDOM TOWER Miami, Florida Originally built as the Miami News Building in 1926, Freedom Tower received its current name and notoriety from its service as the Cuban refugee assistance center from 1968-1972. This National Register building in downtown Miami overlooking Biscayne Bay is the site of a proposed Cuban-American Museum, visitors center for Miami, and new home to the Dade Heritage Trust. Although the Tower is currently privately owned and unused, $2 million would leverage funding from the City of Miami, the State of Florida and the Dade Heritage Trust, to purchase and rehabilitate the building for public ownership and use as a monument to freedom. CONGRESSIONAL CEMETERY Washington, District of Columbia Congressional Cemetery, located on Capitol Hill in Washington, D.C., was founded in 1807 to serve as the final resting place for citizens of the nation's growing Capital city. Buried throughout the 32 acres are 60,000 former Washington residents -- a "who's who" of individuals significant to the development of our nation. Some of the more noteworthy burials include a signer of the Declaration of Independence, a Vice President, 19 Senators, 78 Member of the House, William Thornton, the architect of the Capitol, John Philip Sousa, the Marine Corps bandmaster, Mathew Brady, the Civil War photographer, and J. Edgar Hoover, the FBI director. Today, over 18,000 markers and monuments are in need of cleaning or repair; overgrown trees and shrubs must be trimmed, removed or replaced; and funds are needed for the maintenance and preservation of the chapel (1903), gate house (c. 1920), brick pathways, drainage system, perimeter fences and roadways. The cemetery is currently managed by the Association for the Preservation of Historic Congressional Cemetery which is developing a Master Plan for the perpetual care and maintenance of Congressional Cemetery. Their current fundraising goal is $2 million to provide for basic maintenance and preservation needs of the cemetery's monuments and grounds. 46 STONE AVENUE TEMPLE Tucson, Arizona The Stone Avenue Temple was the first Jewish house of worship in the Arizona Territory. The 1910 building, located just south of downtown in the Barrio Historico, was vacated in 1950, and served a variety of temporary uses in the ensuing years. In 1994, the Stone Avenue Temple Project was formed to rescue this landmark structure for use as a heritage and community center. Rehabilitation costs are estimated to be $175,000. ZOAR HOTEL Zoar, Ohio The 1833 Zoar Hotel, a prominent architectural feature, is one of ten buildings that comprise Ohio's Zoar Village State Memorial. Often described as Ohio's Plymouth Rock, immigrants seeking religious freedom settled and built a unique community in Zoar that lasted three generations. Today, the historic village is the southern anchor of the new federally designated Ohio & Erie Canal National Heritage Corridor. Vacant since 1983, the hotel was acquired by the Ohio Historical Society in 1996. The two-and-one-half story wooden structure suffers from wood rot and water penetration. A $500,000 Save America's Treasures grant would leverage the needed private and public funds. Restoration and development of the Zoar Hotel as an orientation center and gateway site would enhance heritage tourism in the region, and provide an important interpretive linkage of the settlement history of Ohio and the relationship of communities like Zoar to the Ohio & Erie Canal National Heritage Corridor. The Society has conducted some maintenance, but restoration costs are $1.5 million. SOUTHEAST LIGHT Block Island, Rhode Island Built in 1873, this Gothic Revival lighthouse is the highest and most powerful lighthouse in New England. Thousands of state, federal, and local dollars provided for the inland relocation of Southeast Light in 1993, but funding for the $960,000 interior restoration of the structure remains in limbo. 47 HMS DEBRAAK Lewes, Delaware This late 18th century British Naval vessel, (originally Dutch, captured and refitted) served as a escort for commercial fleets between the British Islands and the Colonies. It sank in 1798 off the coast at Lewes and was salvaged between 1984-85. Over $3 million has been spent to date to catalog and conserve the outstanding collection of over 2400 artifacts but $250,000 is needed to complete the project. THURGOOD MARSHALL CENTER Washington, District of Columbia The Thurgood Marshall Center, formerly the Anthony Bowen YMCA, is a significant National Register listed building in the Shaw neighborhood of Washington, D.C. The YMCA, built between 1908 and 1912, was the first full-service YMCA for African Americans in the United States. The building was designed by Sidney Pittman, an African American architect and was partially financed by John D. Rockefeller, Samuel Woodward, and Julius Rosenwald. Dr. Charles Drew convened a youth leadership conference there in 1937. Thurgood Marshall met with Charles Houston in the building. The gymnasium produced NBA sports notable Elgin Baylor and John Thompson, Georgetown University's basketball coach. The building was closed in 1982 and stands vacant. The Thurgood Marshall Center rehabilitation will be spear-headed by the Shaw Heritage Trust, a local non-profit concerned with the history of the Shaw neighborhood, and For Love of Children (FLOC), a local family social service provider. FLOC will be the principal tenant. The total development cost is $5.2 million. 48 GLOSSARY (Not in alphabetical order) NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES The National Register of Historic Places is the Nation's official list of cultural resources worthy of preservation. Authorized under the National Historic Preservation Act of 1966, the National Register is part of a national program to coordinate and support public and private efforts to identify, evaluate, and protect our historic and archeological resources. Properties listed on the Register include districts, sites, buildings, structures, and objects that are significant in American history, architecture, archeology, engineering, and culture. The National Register is administered by the National Park Service, which is part of the U.S. Department of the Interior. Included among the more than 68,000 listings that make up the National Register are: all historic areas in the national Park System; over 2,200 National Historic Landmarks, which have been designated by the Secretary of the Interior because of their importance to all Americans; properties across the country that have been nominated by governments, organizations, and individuals because they are significant to the nation, to a state, or to a community. NATIONAL HISTORIC LANDMARKS In 1935, the U.S. Congress charged the Department of the Interior with the responsibility for designating nationally significant historic sites, buildings, and objects and promoting their preservation for the inspiration and benefit of the people of the United States. The National Historic Landmarks program was established to identify and protect places possessing exceptional value in illustrating the nation's heritage. Only 3% of properties listed in the National Register of Historic Places are designated as National Historic Landmarks. Their preservation is an irreplaceable legacy to us and future generations. 49 Through the combined efforts of the National Historic Landmarks survey and the National Historic Landmarks Assistance Initiative, the National Park Service administers the National Historic Landmarks program for the Secretary of the Interior. It is a cooperative endeavor of government agencies, professionals, and independent organizations sharing knowledge with the Service and working jointly to identify and preserve National Historic Landmarks. NATIONAL HISTORIC SITES National Historic Sites are units of the National Park Service whose primary reason for inclusion as a National Park is the area's cultural, historical, or archeological importance. All historic sites within a National Park and National Historic Site are listed on the National Register. Particular sites may also be designated National Historic Landmarks. LEGACY PROGRAM Congress created the Department of Defense Legacy Resource Management Program (Legacy Program) through the Defense Appropriations Act of 1991 to "promote, manage, research, conserve and restore the priceless biological, geophysical and historical resources which exist on public lands, facilities or property held by the Department of Defense." The Legacy Program is no longer funded. 50 INDEX BY PROPERTY ABORIGINAL ROCK ART 36 ADOBE CHURCHES OF NEW MEXICO 27 AMANA COLONIES 4 AMERICAN BALLET THEATRE CHOREOGRAPHY PRESERVATION 31 ANDERSON COTTAGE ("LINCOLN'S SUMMER WHITE HOUSE") 26 ANDREW WYETH PAINTINGS 44 BATH-HAVERHILL COVERED BRIDGE 31 BENEDICT ARNOLD GUNBOAT 22 BIDDLE MEMORIAL HALL, JOHNSON C. SMITH UNIVERSITY 6 BOB-LO BOATS 36 BRISTOL COUNTY COURTHOUSE 23 CAHOKIA MOUNDS 15 CENTRAL HIGH SCHOOL 11 CHANCELLORSVILLE BATTLEFIELD 7 CHESAPEAKE & OHIO CANAL HISTORIC PARK (MONOCACY AQUEDUCT) 25 CHESTERFIELD 34 CONFEDERATE ARMORY AND MILL COMPLEX 44 CONGRESSIONAL CEMETERY 46 CONSERVATORY OF FLOWERS, GOLDEN GATE PARK 7 CUYAHOGA COUNTY SOLDIERS AND SAILORS MONUMENT 18 DOCUMENTATION OF THE IMMIGRANT EXPERIENCE 14 ELLIS ISLAND (South Side) 16 EWA VILLAGES PLANTATION 8 FAIR PARK 4 FARISH STREET HISTORIC DISTRICT 42 FORT FREDERICK 17 FORT ROBINSON 25 FORT SNELLING HISTORIC DISTRICT/UPPER POST 41 FORT ZACHARY TAYLOR 12 FOUNDING FATHERS' PAPERS 9 FRANK E. MOSS COURTHOUSE 41 FRANK LLOYD WRIGHT'S TALIESIN 6 FREEDOM TOWER 46 FREEMAN HOUSE 33 GEORGE WASHINGTON'S OFFICE TENT 16 GETTYSBURG CYCLORAMA 37 GLOSSARY 49 GOVERNMENT HOUSE IN AMERICAN SAMOA 22 GREAT LAKES LIGHTHOUSES 10 HISTORIC COUNTY COURTHOUSES OF TEXAS 28 HISTORY OF MAIL DELIVERY MURALS 29 HMS DEBRAAK 48 IMPERILED ORIGINAL PHOTOGRAPHIC WORK 37 JINSHA SHRINE 33 JOHN MITCHELL MONUMENT 23 JOHN SMITH 45 KAKE CANNERY 29 KNIGHT FOUNDRY 9 LEWIS AND CLARK HERBARIUM 45 51 LONGFELLOW HISTORIC SITE (1759) 19 LOUIS ARMSTRONG ARCHIVES 41 MADONNA OF THE TRAIL 38 MANY GLACIER HOTEL 13 MAPES HOTEL 33 MESA VERDE NATIONAL PARK 10 MOCCASIN BEND NATIONAL HISTORIC LANDMARK 20 MONTEZUMA'S CASTLE 43 MONTPELIER 5 MORMON ROW 30 MT. RUSHMORE NATIONAL MEMORIAL, 1930 24 NASA SPACESUITS 38 NATIONAL FILM PRESERVATION FOUNDATION 24 NICODEMUS 22 OLD ST. LOUIS POST OFFICE 24 OLD SUMMERTON HIGH SCHOOL 29 PEMBERTON'S HEADQUARTERS 12 PORT GAMBLE 13 PRAIRIE CHURCHES OF NORTH DAKOTA 34 RIVER ROAD PLANTATIONS 20 ROBIE HOUSE 8 ROTUNDA MURALS 31 ROUNDHOUSE COMPLEX 44 RUSSIAN ORTHODOX CHURCHES 32 SAMUEL HUNTINGTON BIRTHPLACE 45 SECOND PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH WITH FAMOUS STAINED GLASS WINDOWS 39 SENATOR JOHN POPE VILLA 12 SHELDON JACKSON COLLEGE 20 SHERIDAN INN 23 SITTING BULL DRAWINGS 30 SOTTERLEY PLANTATION 43 SOUTHEAST LIGHT 47 SOUTHWESTERN PIETA 39 ST. VIBIANA CATHEDRAL 16 STONE AVENUE TEMPLE 47 TENTH STREET BRIDGE 35 THE CULTURAL HISTORY OF INDIANA 32 THE HERBARIUM OF HENRY DAVID THOREAU 38 THE STAR SPANGLED BANNER 14 THOMAS EDISON'S INVENTION FACTORY 11 THURGOOD MARSHALL CENTER 48 TOPAZ INTERNMENT CAMP 21 U.S. COURTHOUSE, SAVANNAH 35 U.S.S. CONSTELLATION 3 UNION MILITARY SERVICE RECORDS 15 UNTITLED FRIEZE, (1942), SARGENT JOHNSON 27 VICTORIA MANSION 18 VISTA HOUSE, HISTORIC COLUMBIA RIVER HIGHWAY 30 WAIKIKI WAR MEMORIAL NATATORIUM 21 WALKER EVANS ARCHIVES 42 WEST BADEN SPRINGS HOTEL 40 52 WHEELOCK ACADEMY AND MISSION 28 ZOAR HOTEL 47 INDEX BY STATE Alabama 44 Alaska 20, 29, 32 American Samoa. 22 Arizona. 36, 47 Arkansas 11 California 7, 9, 16, 27, 33 Colorado 10 Connecticut 45 Delaware 48 District of Columbia 14, 15, 26, 30, 31, 38, 46, 48 Florida. 12, 46 Georgia 35 Hawaii 8, 21, 33 Idaho 34 Illinois 8, 10, 15, 39 Indiana. 10, 32, 40 Iowa 4 Kansas 22 Kentucky 12 Louisiana 20 Maine 18 Maryland 3, 17, 25, 43 Massachusetts. 19, 38 Michigan 10, 36 Minnesota 10, 14, 41 Mississippi 12, 42 Missouri, 24 Montana. 13, 35 Nebraska 25 Nevada 33 New Hampshire 31 New Jersey 11 New Mexico 27, 39, 43 New York 10, 16, 22, 41, 42 North Carolina. 6 North Dakota 34 Ohio 10, 18, 29, 38, 47 Oklahoma 28 Oregon 30 Pennsylvania 10, 23, 37, 38, 44, 45 Rhode Island 23, 47 South Carolina 29 South Dakota 24 Tennessee 20 Texas. 4, 28 53 United States ⑉ Multiple Locations. 9, 24, 31, 37 Utah 21, 41 Vermont 22 Virginia. 5, 7, 16, 45 Washington 13 West Virginia. 44 Wisconsin 6, 10 Wyoming 23, 30 April 28, 1998 54