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The National Plan for Civil Defense and Defense Mobilization, Annexes #38-42
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The National Plan for Civil Defense and Defense Mobilization, Annexes #38-42
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THE NATIONAL PLAN
for
Civil Defense and Defense Mobilization
Annex 38
FEDERAL ASSISTANCE
The Lighty Dwight O.
UNUM
Executive Office of the President
OFFICE OF CIVIL AND DEFENSE MOBILIZATION
KA19 ЗАЙОТТАЙ лнт
TO
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1233130 ann 22912 90
Preface
This annex supports and amplifies the National Plan
for Civil Defense and Defense Mobilization, particularly
Part VII, Section C, Federal Assistance. It states the
responsibilities, objectives, and general procedures for
committing Federal funds and personnel to assist State
and local governments, private organizations, and indi-
viduals in their civil defense and defense mobilization
preparations.
Detailed criteria, regulations, and procedures are
provided in separate documents, such as OCDM Admin-
istrative Manuals 25-1, Federal Contributions for Civil
Defense Equipment, and 25-2, Contributions for Civil
Defense Personnel and Administrative Expenses.
DEPARTMENT a Library THE
Other auxiliary documents will be issued as necessary
and will be subordinate to and compatible with this
annex and the National Plan.
The annex is published in looseleaf form in order
that pages may be added or replaced easily whenever
revisions are made.
Ceoa Hongh
Director
Office of Civil and Defense Mobilization
Issued March 1960
[iii ]
Contents
Page
PREFACE
iii
I. DEFINITION
1
II. ASSUMPTION
2
III. GENERAL RESPONSIBILITIES
2
A. Federal
2
B. State
3
C. Local
3
IV. FUNCTIONS
3
A. Financial Contributions
3
B. Use of Federal Personnel, Facilities,
and Equipment
4
C. Loans and Guarantees of Loans
5
D. Tax Benefits.
6
E. Donation of Surplus Property
6
F. Purchase-Commitments and
Procurement.
7
V. EXECUTION
7
A. OCDM
7
B. Other Federal Agencies
8
C. Nonfederal
8
[iv]
ANNEX 38
FEDERAL ASSISTANCE
I. Definition
For the purpose of this annex, "Federal assistance"
means preemergency aid by the Federal Government
designed to (1) assure production and mobilization of
resources adequate for any contingency, and (2) assist
State and local governments, private organizations, and
individuals in their preparations for the protection of
life and property and in the development of their capa-
bility for effective operations in the event of attack or
other major disaster.
The Federal Government will furnish such tech-
D.
nical, financial, and material assistance to States and
their political subdivisions and to private organizations
as is permitted by law and as is necessary for the civil
THE
defense and defense mobilization of the United States.
Federal assistance includes but is not limited to:
A. Financial contributions for facilities, equip-
ment, supplies, training costs, and personnel
and administrative expenses.
B. Use of Federal personnel, facilities, and equip-
ment, including technical assistance and
administrative guidance.
C. Loans and guarantees of loans.
D. Tax benefits.
E. Donation of surplus property.
F. Commitments to purchase materials.
[1]
Annex 38
II. Assumption
Civil defense is a partnership. Responsibility for
it is vested by law jointly in the Federal Government and
in the States and their political subdivisions.
It is assumed that State and local governments,
private organizations, and the public will have a con-
tinuing requirement for Federal assistance in their
preparations for civil defense and defense mobilization.
III. General Responsibilities
A. Federal
The Federal Government is responsible for
providing State and local governments, private organi-
zations, and individuals with such assistance as is
authorized by law.
1. The Director, Office of Civil and Defense Mobili-
zation, is responsible for conducting certain
assistance programs and for coordinating the
assistance for civil defense and defense mobili-
zation given by the Departments of State and
Defense and the Atomic Energy Commission,
as well as directing and coordinating the assist-
ance given by other Federal agencies. The
Director is responsible for maintaining, as ap-
propriate, criteria, regulations, and procedures
concerning eligibility, acquisition, use, and ac-
countability for those Federal assistance pro-
grams under his direct authority.
2. Other Federal agencies having applicable
material resources, competence, or assistance
programs are responsible for providing such
assistance to the civil defense and defense mobi-
lization activities of State and local governments,
private organizations, and individuals as is per-
mitted by law.
[2]
Annex 38
B. State
State governments are responsible for:
1. Determining the needs of the State and its
political subdivisions for the specific types of as-
sistance available from the Federal Government.
2. Maintaining and using facilities, equipment, and
supplies, and using personnel or funds, obtained
in whole or in part through Federal assistance
programs, according to pertinent regulations
and in such a way as to assure ready availability
of resources for emergency use.
3. Supervising the activities of political subdivi-
sions and individuals receiving Federal assist-
ance, to assure proper maintenance and use of
facilities, equipment, and supplies, and use of
personnel or funds, made available in whole or
D
in part by the Federal Government through the
States.
Dwight
The
Lighter
C. Local
Local governments, private organizations, and in-
dividuals are responsible for maintaining and using
facilities, equipment, and supplies, and using personnel
or funds, obtained in whole or in part through Federal
assistance programs, according to pertinent regulations
and in such a way as to assure ready availability of re-
sources for emergency use.
IV. Functions
A. Financial Contributions
1. Objective
To assist the States and their political sub-
divisions in developing their organization and
capability for emergency operations.
[3]
Annex 38
2. Action Required
Implement the program for financial con-
tributions for facilities, equipment, supplies,
training costs, and personnel and administrative
expenses, according to criteria, regulations, and
procedures established for Federal contributions
and within the limits of available funds.¹
B. Use of Federal Personnel, Facilities, and Equipment
1. Objectives
a. To further emergency operational capability
of State and local governments and private
organizations.
b. To assist industry in fulfilling defense mobili-
zation responsibility for adequate production
of items necessary for the national defense.
2. Actions Required
a. Maintain training schools for instructing
officials of government and private organi-
zations.
b. Train Federal personnel where necessary so
that their competence will be applicable to
the needs of the State and local governments.
c. Make available to State governments, to local
governments through the States, and to
private organizations the advisory services
of Federal personnel when requested by the
OCDM Regional Director and as funds and
priorities permit.
d. Maintain a program and procedures for leas-
ing Government-owned tools and equipment
¹See OCDM Administrative Manuals 25-1, Federal Contributions
for Civil Defense Equipment, and 25-2, Contributions for Civil Defense
Personnel and Administrative Expenses.
2See Annex 37, Training and Education.
[4]
Annex 38
to industries producing items or components
of items essential to national defense.
C. Loans and Guarantees of Loans
1. Objectives
a. To assist the financing of civil defense
projects where financing is not otherwise
available on reasonable terms.
b. To provide adequate facilities and expanded
capacity for the production of items essential
for national defense when funds are not
otherwise available.
C. To aid in the restoration or reestablishment
of facilities vital to the national defense that
have been destroyed or damaged in a major
disaster when funds are not otherwise
available."
d. To encourage individuals and families to con-
Dwight
struct protective shelters in the home.
OUL
Light
2. Actions Required
a. Be prepared to make loans or guarantees of
loans available for the purposes listed above.
b. Maintain a list of categories of production
necessary to national defense.
C. Make determinations regarding the adequacy
of facilities for the production of materials or
the performance of services for the national
defense.
³See Annex 40, Natural Disasters.
*See Annex 10, National Shelter Plan. The National Housing Act,
as amended, authorizes the Federal Housing Administration to insure
financial institutions against losses resulting from loans for repairs, altera-
tions, and improvements on housing on such terms and conditions as the
Federal Housing Commissioner may prescribe. This includes loans for
the cost of constructing shelters or making alterations to provide protection
in, or connected with, new and existing dwellings.
[5]
Annex 38
d. Certify the essentiality of specific activities
or programs to establish eligibility for loans
or guarantees of loans.
e. Maintain criteria for loans by federally in-
sured financial institutions for the construc-
tion of home shelters.
D. Tax Benefits
1. Objective
To encourage the active participation of
individuals and business in the activities, plans,
and programs of civil defense and defense
mobilization.
2. Action Required
In accordance with Internal Revenue laws,
provide and maintain procedures by which in-
dividuals and business concerns may deduct for
Federal income tax purposes their expenses for
certain civil defense activities.
E. Donation of Surplus Property
1. Objective
To make Federal surplus property available
to State and local governments for use in imple-
menting approved civil defense plans and for
training.
2. Actions Required
a. Determine the classes of surplus property
necessary and usable for civil defense and
defense mobilization.
b. Maintain a program for making surplus prop-
erty available to State and local governments.
"See OCDM Advisory Bulletin 235, Income Tax Deductions for Civil
Defense Expenditures, dated May 22, 1959.
[6]
Annex 38
F. Purchase-Commitments and Procurement
1. Objective
To insure the availability of adequate sup-
plies of metals, minerals, and other materials
necessary in a defense emergency.
2. Actions Required
a. Determine emergency requirements for
metals, minerals, and other materials.
b. Determine the adequacy of production and
supplies of such materials, including required
capability of domestic sources for emergency
production.
c. Establish stockpile objectives to meet require-
ments not available in an emergency from
domestic production and stocks and from
imports.
a
d. Provide direct and indirect assistance to
Dwight
domestic producers and other sources to meet
only
Library
emergency requirements. This includes, but
is not limited to, commitments to purchase
and, as necessary, procurement of materials
for Federal inventories, under existing au-
thorities and within the limits of appropriated
funds.
V. Execution
A. OCDM
Federal assistance given for civil defense and
defense mobilization activities shall be directed and co-
ordinated by the Director, Office of Civil and Defense
Mobilization, in accordance with Part IV, Section A, and
[7]
Annex 38
Part VII, Section C, of the National Plan. OCDM shall
provide direct assistance in accordance with its existing
statutory responsibilities.
B. Other Federal Agencies
1. Execution of Federal responsibilities for pro-
viding assistance, assigned to the Director,
OCDM, but delegated to other Federal agencies,
shall be in accordance with Part IV, Section A,
of the National Plan, and Annex 5, Federal
Delegations and Assignments.
2. Federal agencies having inherent or implied
statutory responsibilities for providing Federal
assistance for civil defense and defense mobili-
zation activities shall perform those functions
under the coordination of the Director, OCDM.
C. Nonfederal
State and local governments will provide any statu-
tory authority necessary to enable their use of Federal
assistance. Execution of State and local government,
private organization, and individual responsibilities
shall be in accordance with Part IV, Section B, and Part
VII, Sections C and D, of the National Plan and in ac-
cordance with the authorities applicable to the execution
of Federal responsibilities.
See Annex 3, Organization for Civil Defense and Defense Mobiliza-
tion, and Annex 4, Authorities for Civil Defense and Defense Mobilization.
U.S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE 1960
[8]
THE NATIONAL PLAN
for
Civil Defense and Defense Mobilization
Annex 39
REVIEW, TESTS AND
è
INSPECTION
DIME
SUL
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UNUM
Executive Office of the President
OFFICE OF CIVIL AND DEFENSE MOBILIZATION
ИОГТАИ ФЕНТ
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Preface
This annex supports and amplifies the National Plan
for Civil Defense and Defense Mobilization, particularly
Part VII, Section D, Review, Tests, and Inspection.
The purpose of this annex is to prescribe the program
for review, tests, and inspection of policies, plans, and
projects for civil defense and defense mobilization.
Auxiliary documents will be issued as necessary and
will be subordinate to and compatible with this annex
and the National Plan.
This annex is published in looseleaf form in order
that pages may be added or replaced easily whenever
revisions are made.
Caltingh Cea
DIMIET THE D. Elsenhaker LIBIOTA
Director
Office of Civil and Defense Mobilization
Issued October 1959
[iii]
Contents
Page
PREFACE
iii
I. DEFINITIONS
1
A. Review
1
B. Tests
1
C. Inspection
1
II. ASSUMPTIONS
1
III. GENERAL RESPONSIBILITIES
2
A. Federal
2
B. State and Local.
3
C. Private Organizations and Individuals
3
IV. FUNCTIONS
3
A. Review of Plans and Projects
3
B. Testing of Plans
4
C. Inspection of Activities
5
V. EXECUTION
5
A. OCDM
5
B. Other Federal Agencies
6
C. Nonfederal
7
[iv]
ANNEX 39
REVIEW, TESTS, AND INSPECTION
I. Definitions
A. Review
Review means the examination and analysis of civil
defense and defense mobilization plans and projects with
the objective of improving operational capabilities and
assuring their conformance with this National Plan.
B. Tests
Tests and exercises are practice operations to de-
termine the effectiveness and adequacy of civil defense
and defense mobilization plans, organization, policies,
programs, procedures, emergency equipment systems,
D.
and operational facilities at all levels of government, and
also, as appropriate, those of industries, institutions, and
BUL
other organizations.
C. Inspection
Inspection means the examination and audit of civil
defense and defense mobilization activities, equipment,
facilities, and personnel.
II. Assumptions
A. With effective operational plans and actions re-
sulting from coordinated programs of review, tests, and
inspection, a successful attack on the Nation would be
[1]
Annex 39
more difficult, and the temptation of an aggressor to
launch an attack would be substantially lessened.
B. In order for the program of Federal financial as-
sistance to be effective, equipment must be well main-
tained and always ready in conformance with the local
operating plan.
III. General Responsibilities
A. Federal
1. The Director, OCDM, is responsible for adequate
review, tests, and inspection of Federal, State,
and local nonmilitary defense plans, programs,
projects, supplies, and equipment, with special em-
phasis on those obtained, for civil defense and de-
fense mobilization, through financial contribu-
tions (matching funds) for property or personnel
and administrative costs; through the Surplus
Property, Federal Stockpiling, and Natural Disas-
ter programs; under OCDM contracts; and from
other Federal sources.
2. Other Federal agencies are responsible for review
and inspection of their own nonmilitary defense
plans, programs, projects, supplies, and equip-
ment; those of their field establishments; and, as
requested by OCDM and acting as agents of
OCDM, those of State and local governments. In
addition, Federal agencies are responsible for
periodic testing of their emergency plans and for
participating in national test exercises.
[2]
Annex 39
B. State and Local
State and local governments are responsible for re-
view of their nonmilitary defense plans and projects, for
inspection of nonmilitary defense supplies and equip-
ment, for development and conduct of their own periodic
test exercises, and for participation in national exercises.
In accordance with State plans, States are responsible
for adequate review, tests, and inspection of local non-
military defense. States are also responsible for provid-
ing guidance and direction in review, tests, and inspec-
tion programs of their political subdivisions.
C. Private Organizations and Individuals
Under the guidance of local governments private or-
ganizations, families, and individuals are responsible for
reviewing and testing their own self-protection plans.
IV. Functions
.
A. Review of Plans and Projects
Dwight
1. Objectives
OUL
a. To determine the conformity of civil defense
and defense mobilization plans and projects to
the National Plan and other appropriate plans
and planning guidance.
b. To determine whether such plans and projects
are properly coordinated within and among the
various government levels.
C. To provide a basis for furnishing guidance and
other assistance to improve operational capa-
bilities at Federal, State, and local levels.
d. To measure progress toward an increased oper-
ational capability.
[3]
e. To evaluate the appropriateness of present re-
quirements and guidance, including those per-
taining to Federal contributions and surplus
property.
2. Actions Required
a. Maintain a continuing review and analysis of
all aspects of civil defense and defense mobiliza-
tion, including guidance being provided, involv-
ing all levels of government as well as private
organizations and individuals.
b. Provide, wherever practicable, for joint review
and consideration by various levels of govern-
ment to assure coordination.
C. Provide goals and criteria to each level of gov-
ernment for the analysis of operational capa-
bility and for measurement at stated periods of
time.
B. Testing of Plans
1. Objectives
a. To measure adequacy and determine state of
readiness.
b. To identify strengths and weaknesses.
2. Actions Required
a. Maintain a comprehensive system of tests and
exercises covering all aspects of civil defense
and defense mobilization, and involving all
levels of government, private organizations,
and individuals.
b. Evaluate and analyze test and exercise results.
C. Develop recommendations for improving civil
defense and defense mobilization programs and
activities.
[4]
C. Inspection of Activities
1. Objectives
a. To assure that equipment is being properly
maintained and used, and is available for use
in emergencies.
b. To assure that personnel are available in
emergency, have appropriate emergency as-
signments, and receive adequate training.
C. To assure that civil defense and defense mobil-
ization reserves, including stock of materials,
equipment and facilities, are in a constant state
of operational readiness.
d. To assure that Federal regulations pertaining
to programs of financial assistance are being
followed by States and their political subdivi-
sions.
2. Actions Required
a. Provide for a system of physical inspection on a
complete or sample basis at each level of govern-
Light Dwight D.
out
ment.
b. Establish and maintain adequate standards of
compliance.
V. Execution
A. OCDM
The Director of OCDM, in accordance with Part VII,
Section D, of the National Plan, shall:
1. Direct a national program for review, tests, and
inspection of civil defense and defense mobiliza-
tion plans, projects, supplies, and equipment of
the Federal departments and agencies and of
[5]
Annex 39
State and local governments-with special empha-
sis on those programs for which Federal aid is pro-
vided.
2. Review, for adequacy and conformance with the
National Plan, the civil defense and defense mobil-
ization plans of Federal departments and agen-
cies and those of State and local governments.
3. Provide guidance and requirements for review,
tests, and inspection.
4. Conduct actual physical inspection, on a complete
or sample basis, of State and local supplies and
equipment for civil defense and defense mobiliza-
tion purchased in whole or in part with Federal
funds.
5. Analyze the adequacy of State and local reviews,
tests, and inspections.
6. Arrange and supervise tests and exercises for pur-
poses of evaluating and improving civil defense
and defense mobilization readiness.
B. Other Federal Agencies
1. Execution of Federal responsibilities not reserved
by the Director shall be in accordance with Part IV,
Section A; and Part VII, Section D, of the National
Plan; and Annex 5, "Federal Delegations and As-
signments."
2. Other Federal agencies shall:
a. Review their own civil defense and defense
mobilization plans and projects to assure con-
sistency with the National Plan and with other
Federal plans and planning guidance.
[6]
Annex 39
b. Conduct tests as necessary, both at the depart-
ment level and in the field, to determine ade-
quacy of plans and programs and the extent of
operational readiness.
C. Bring to the attention of the Director, OCDM,
any situations which require review or inspec-
tion in a particular State or locality. The De-
partment of Health, Education, and Welfare
and the Department of Labor will, in particular,
bring to the attention of OCDM any weaknesses
in plans or procedures which become apparent
to them in the administration of their assigned
civil defense and defense mobilization responsi-
bilities. The Department of Health, Education,
and Welfare will give particular attention to
this point in its administration of the surplus
property program.
3. General Services Administration will maintain a
a
continuing inventory and inspection of strategic
Dwight
and critical materials stockpiled under its control.
BUL
C. Nonfederal
Execution of responsibilities of State and local gov-
ernments, private organizations, and individuals shall be
in accordance with Part IV, Section B, and Part VII, Sec-
tion D, of the National Plan, and in coordination with the
authorities applicable to execution of Federal responsi-
bilities.
1. State governments will:
a. Review their plans and projects for conformity
with the National Plan and with other Federal
plans and planning guidance.
[7]
Annex 39
b. Review, for adequacy and conformance with the
State plan, the civil defense and defense mobil-
ization plans of State agencies and those of local
governments.
C. Provide to State agencies and local govern-
ments guidance and requirements for review,
tests, and inspection.
d. Inspect on a complete or sample basis at least
once a year all civil defense and defense mobil-
ization supplies and equipment under their con-
trol and purchased in whole or in part with Fed-
eral funds.
e. Test their own plans and those of State agencies
and local governments as often as necessary
and participate in all national exercises.
2. Local governments will:
a. Review their plans and projects for conformity
with the National Plan and with State plans and
planning guidance.
b. Inspect on a complete or sample basis at least
once a year all civil defense and defense mobil-
ization supplies and equipment under their con-
trol and purchased in whole or in part with Fed-
eral funds.
C. Test their own plans as often as necessary and
participate in State exercises and in national
exercises as recommended by the State govern-
ment.
3. Private organizations and individuals should test
their own plans as recommended or required by
State and local governments or as they regard
necessary for their own preparedness.
[8]
* U.S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE 1959 0-529578
THE NATIONAL PLAN
for
Civil Defense and Defense Mobilization
Annex 40
NATURAL DISASTERS
The Dwight D
UNLIM
Executive Office of the President
OFFICE OF CIVIL AND DEFENSE MOBILIZATION
1A.19 JAMOITAN
10?
oitsmilidoM bus Itvid
or zomiz
URITED
the
ПИА IND TO TOTAL
Preface
This annex supplements the National Plan for Civil
Defense and Defense Mobilization. It outlines the pol-
icies for determining the need for obtaining and apply-
ing supplemental Federal Disaster Assistance to State
and local governments.
Administration of the natural disaster program ties
in closely with the administration of the civil defense
and defense mobilization programs, and serves as a
major practical training and testing tool of emergency
operations plans of local, State, and Federal govern-
ments.
Auxiliary documents specifying policies or pro-
cedures with respect to Federal Disaster Assistance
furnished pursuant to Public Law 875, as amended,
will be issued as necessary and will be subordinate to
The Dwight 0.
and compatible with this annex and the National Plan.
The annex is published in looseleaf form in order
that pages may be added or replaced easily whenever
revisions are made.
Calting
Director
Office of Civil and Defense Mobilization
Issued April 1960
[iii ]
Contents
Page
PREFACE
iii
I. DEFINITIONS
1
A. Natural Disaster.
1
B. Major Disaster.
1
II. ASSUMPTIONS
2
III. GENERAL RESPONSIBILITIES
2
A. Local.
2
B. State
3
C. Federal
3
IV. FUNCTIONS
4
A. Planning and Capability to Cope with
Effects of Natural Disasters
4
B. Federal Assistance in Other than
Major Disasters
5
C. Supplemental Federal Assistance in
Major Disasters
7
D. Application of Natural Disaster
Experience to Enemy Attack
13
E. Role of the American National Red Cross
14
V. EXECUTION
15
[iv]
ANNEX 40
NATURAL DISASTERS
I. Definitions
A. Natural Disaster
As used herein "natural disaster" means any flood,
drought, fire, hurricane, earthquake, storm, or other
catastrophe resulting in damage, hardship, or suffering.
The term does not include a catastrophe resulting from
enemy attack.
B. Major Disaster
As used herein "major disaster" means any flood,
drought, fire, hurricane, earthquake, storm, or other
catastrophe in any part of the United States which, in
the determination of the President, is or threatens to be
of sufficient severity and magnitude to warrant disaster
assistance by the Federal Government to supplement
D.
the efforts and available resources of State and local
governments in alleviating the damage, hardship, or
suffering caused thereby, and respecting which the Gov-
BILL
ernor of any State, the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico,
the Virgin Islands (or the Board of Commissioners of
the District of Columbia) in which such catastrophe
may occur or threaten certifies the need for disaster
assistance under Public Law 875 (81st Congress), as
amended, and shall give assurance of expenditure of a
reasonable amount of the funds of the government of
such State, local governments therein, or other agencies,
for the same or similar purposes with respect to such
catastrophe.
142 USC 1855-1855g. Certain authority and functions of the President
under Public Law 875 were transferred to the Director, OCDM, by Execu-
tive Order 10427, dated Jan. 16, 1953, as amended, and Executive Order
10737, dated Oct. 29, 1957, as amended by Executive Order 10773, dated
July 1, 1958, and Executive Order 10782, dated Sept. 6, 1958.
[1]
Annex 40
II. Assumptions
Natural disasters will occur in which the extent of
the damage will be of sufficient severity and magnitude
to warrant a declaration by the President of major
disaster, under Public Law 875, thereby making avail-
able Federal assistance to supplement State and local
efforts in alleviating hardship and suffering.
Other natural disasters will occur in which State
and local governments will not require Public Law 875
assistance but may receive certain types of assistance
from Federal agencies which have separate statutory
authority and responsibility for assistance in disaster
relief.
III. General Responsibilities
Individuals and private, local, and State agencies
are primarily responsible for coping with natural dis-
asters. Federal disaster assistance will be provided
only for those disasters or series of disasters which are
beyond the capabilities of the State and the local gov-
ernments involved.
A. Local
Local government is responsible for the protection
of the health, safety, and welfare of individuals, fam-
ilies, and the public within its jurisdiction. This requires
developing and executing necessary plans for utilizing
local resources under its control, evaluating local capa-
bilities in terms of the severity of the disaster, notifying
the State of specific needs for supplemental assistance,
applying supplemental resources provided by the State
and Federal Governments, and coordinating activities
of all private and government agencies providing
[2]
Annex 40
supplemental disaster services. The training and ex-
perience gained in natural disaster operations will be
utilized to the maximum extent in preparing to meet the
effects of enemy attack.
B. State
The State is responsible for State organization and
plans and for fostering local organizations and plans
for coping with the effects of natural disasters, for uti-
lizing resources under its control to assist local govern-
ments in meeting their responsibilities to alleviate
suffering and damage, for evaluating requests for sup-
plemental assistance in terms of the severity of the dis-
aster and resources available within the State, for
making appropriate requests to the Federal Govern-
ment for supplemental Federal disaster assistance, and
for controlling and accounting for Federal financial
assistance authorized under the provisions of Public
Law 875. The training and experience gained in natural
disaster operations will be utilized to the maximum
D.
extent in preparing State and local governments to
meet the effects of enemy attack.
OHL
LIBERTY
C. Federal
The Federal Government is responsible for Federal
organizations and plans and for fostering the develop-
ment of State and local organizations and plans for
coping with the effects of natural disasters, for provid-
ing an orderly and continuing means of Federal supple-
mental assistance to State and local governments in
carrying out their responsibilities to alleviate suffering
and damage resulting from natural disasters, and for
applying this experience in preparing Federal, State,
and local governments to meet the effects of enemy
attack.
[3]
Annex 40
IV. Functions
A. Planning and Capability to Cope with
Effects of Natural Disasters
1. Plans for Use of Available Resources
a. Objective
To provide for the most effective use of
resources during natural disaster emergencies.
b. Actions Required
Federal, State, and local governments will:
(1) Identify public and private resources and
the agencies responsible for them.
(2) Prepare and publish emergency operations
plans and foster and coordinate individual
and industrial self-protection plans as well
as disaster relief plans of private organ-
izations and volunteer groups.
(3) Assign natural disaster responsibilities to
government agencies appropriate to their
areas of competence and legal responsi-
bilities.
(4) Provide training necessary to the effective
accomplishment of emergency responsi-
bilities.
2. Development of Fiscal and Legislative Authorities
a. Objective
To increase the self-reliance and capabili-
ties of State and local governments by estab-
lishing and improving emergency financial
plans and executive authority for emergency
actions.
[4]
Annex 40
b. Actions Required
State and local governments will:
(1) Enact legislation vesting emergency au-
thority in the executive head of govern-
ment for the purposes of expending avail-
able and required funds and utilizing
government resources for disaster relief
purposes.
(2) Create and maintain emergency funds for
disaster relief.
(3) Enact legislation authorizing coordination
and direction of the activities of govern-
ment at all levels in natural disaster emer-
gencies by the executive head of govern-
ment.
B. Federal Assistance in Other Than Major Disasters
1. Objective
Provide for expeditious assessment of dam-
age and evaluation of need, and effective and
D
appropriate use of Federal resources² to assist
State and local governments.
BUY
2. Actions Required
a. Local
(1) Determine assistance needed and report
requirements to the State. Based on plans
approved by the State and the OCDM
Regional Director, or administrative prac-
tices of separate Federal agencies, requests
may be submitted to field offices of appro-
priate Federal agencies. Keep the State
informed of direct requests.
2 For a compilation of Federal assistance available and responsibilities
of specific agencies under disaster conditions, see "Federal Disaster Relief
Manual," prepared by the Library of Congress for the Committee on Gov-
ernment Operations, United States Senate. U. S. Government Printing
Office, Washington, D. C., 1959.
[5]
Annex 40
(2) Apply resources received by coordinating
all disaster relief activities within areas of
jurisdiction.
(3) Establish and maintain controls, records,
and operational practices in accordance
with requirements of applicable State and
Federal laws and regulations.
b. State
(1) Determine assistance needed and report
requirements to the appropriate OCDM
Regional Director.
(a) These requirements shall contain in-
formation on the disaster situation,
State and local actions to meet the
emergency, resources available, and
Federal assistance needed.
(b) Based on plans approved by the Fed-
eral Government, or administrative
practices of separate Federal agencies,
requests may be submitted to field
offices of appropriate Federal agencies.
Keep OCDM regional offices informed
of direct requests.
(2) Apply assistance furnished directly to the
State government and exercise appropri-
ate coordination of all Federal assistance
furnished within the State.
(3) Establish records and operational prac-
tices, and maintain controls in accordance
with requirements of applicable Federal
laws and regulations.
(4) Issue instructions, as necessary, for the
establishment and maintenance of controls
by the local governments.
[6]
Annex 40
c. Federal
(1) Provide guidance and instructions neces-
sary for State and local action in request-
ing, receiving, and applying Federal
disaster assistance and in maintaining
pertinent records and controls.
(2) Receive, evaluate, and take appropriate
action on requests received for Federal
disaster assistance.
(3) Provide appropriate Federal disaster as-
sistance. When appropriate, the OCDM
Regional Director will coordinate such
assistance.
C. Supplemental Federal Assistance in Major Disasters
1. Determining and Evaluating Need for Federal
Assistance Under Public Law 875.
a. Objective
Provide for expeditious and effective as-
sessment of damage and evaluation of need in
terms of the severity of the disaster and re-
Dwight
sources available within the State.
THE
b. Actions Required
(1) Local
(a) Evaluate local capabilities in terms of
the severity of the disaster and avail-
able resources and identify resource
needs.
(b) Report to the State the estimated
severity of the disaster, resources
available to the local government,
action taken by the local government,
and estimated supplemental assistance
required for immediate reduction of
hazards to health and safety and for
[7]
Annex 40
emergency repairs or temporary re-
placement required for resumption of
essential public services.
(2) State
(a) Evaluate State capabilities in terms
of the severity of the disaster and re-
sources available within the State.
(b) Submit to the President the Governor's
request for declaration of a major dis-
aster. The channel for submission is
through the appropriate OCDM Re-
gional Director. The request shall
certify that the total of State and local
expenditures and obligations (or re-
sources utilized) by the government
of each State, local governments there-
of, or other agencies (over and above
their normal expenditures) for disas-
ter relief purposes exceeds the amount
established in the current schedule as
the minimum for that State in that
disaster and for all disasters during
the 12-month period immediately pre-
ceding this request for assistance. In
addition, the request shall contain the
following information and data:
(i) An estimate of the severity
and extent of damage resulting from
the disaster and the total funds, per-
sonnel, equipment, and material, or
other resources required to alleviate
such damage.
3 Transmitted in OCDM Advisory Bulletin No. 223, Supplement 1,
"Notice of Minimum State and Local Expenditures," dated June 25, 1959.
This schedule will be reviewed, revised, and published annually in the
Federal Register, as required.
[8]
Annex 40
(ii) A statement of action taken
or recommended to be taken by the
State legislature or local legislative
and governing authorities with regard
to the disaster.
(iii) An estimate of State and
local funds, personnel, equipment, and
material, or other resources available,
and to be made available, to alleviate
such damage.
(iv) A statement of the extent
and nature of Federal assistance need-
ed, including an estimate of the min-
imum Federal funds, personnel, equip-
ment, material, or other resources
necessary to supplement the efforts
and available resources of the State in
alleviating the damage.
D.
(3) Federal
Dwight
only
L
(a) Develop additional damage assess-
ment data as required for evaluation
of requests for supplemental assist-
ance.
(b) Evaluate and take appropriate action
on a request submitted by the State for
declaration of a major disaster.
(c) Determine responsibilities of Federal
agencies under their statutory author-
ities in areas affected by disaster.⁴
4 See "Federal Disaster Relief Manual," prepared by the Library of
Congress for the Committee on Government Operations, United States
Senate. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, D. C., 1959.
[9]
Annex 40
2. Initiating and Applying Supplemental Federal
Assistance Under Public Law 875.
a. Objective
Provide for effective and equitable applica-
tion of supplemental Federal assistance author-
ized by the President under Public Law 875, as
amended.
b. Actions Required
(1) Local
(a) Submit requests for supplemental Fed-
eral assistance in accordance with in-
structions, regulations, and policies
established by the State.
(b) Apply supplemental Federal assist-
ance by coordinating activities of all
private and government agencies en-
gaged in the performance of author-
ized work.
(c) Submit project applications for Fed-
eral financial assistance and maintain
engineering analyses, records, and
documentation in accordance with in-
structions and requirements estab-
lished by the State.
(2) State
(a) The Governor, acting for the State,
will execute with the appropriate
OCDM Regional Director a joint Fed-
eral-State Disaster Assistance Agree-
ment. This will contain the required
assurances of the State and other terms
and conditions consistent with applica-
ble laws and regulations.
[ 10 ]
Annex 40
(b) Prepare and issue necessary guidance
and instructions to political subdivi-
sions of the State for the preparation
of applications and related documen-
tation for Federal assistance.
(c) Review and take appropriate action
on local requests for Federal assist-
ance.
(d) Submit project applications for Fed-
eral financial assistance to the OCDM
Regional Director. In addition to those
requirements for local governments,
the project applications will contain
inspection reports or analyses, as ap-
propriate, from the State agencies con-
cerned; cost estimates; assurances
that Federal funds will be expended in
accordance with applicable laws, rules,
and regulations; and certification of
the designated State representative.
a
(e) Submit project applications within the
Dwight
time limits prescribed in the Federal-
SUL
State Disaster Assistance Agreement;
provide assurance that expenditures
for which Federal financial assistance
will be claimed, and the work per-
formed, are in accordance with the
approved project applications; and
provide vouchers with required sup-
porting documentation for such ex-
penditures. Prescribed and accepted
methods of accounting, identification,
and administration will govern control
of Federal funds.
[11]
Annex 40
(3) Federal
(a) The appropriate OCDM Regional Di-
rector, acting for the Federal Govern-
ment, will execute with the Governor
of the State a joint Federal-State Dis-
aster Assistance Agreement. This will
provide for the manner in which Fed-
eral assistance is to be given, consist-
ent with laws and with prescribed rules
and regulations.
(b) Provide guidance and instructions to
the State for the maintenance of con-
trols and records, as prescribed by
Federal Disaster Assistance Regula-
tions, the Federal-State Disaster As-
sistance Agreement, and applicable
laws, prescribed rules and regulations,
and other issuances.
(c) Utilize, or lend to State and local gov-
ernments, Federal equipment, supplies,
facilities, personnel, and other re-
sources, other than the extension of
credit under the authority of any Act;
distribute, through the American Na-
tional Red Cross or otherwise, medi-
cine, food, and other consumable sup-
plies; donate or lend to States, for use
or distribution by them, equipment and
supplies determined under then exist-
ing law to be surplus to the needs and
responsibilities of the Federal Gov-
ernment.
(d) Perform, on public or private lands,
protective and other work essential for
[12]
Annex 40
the preservation of life and property;
clear debris and wreckage and make
emergency repairs to and temporary
replacements of public facilities of
local governments damaged or de-
stroyed in such major disaster; provide
temporary housing or other emergency
shelter for families who, as a result of
such major disaster, require such hous-
ing or shelter; and make contributions
to State and local governments for
these purposes.
(e) OCDM will receive, evaluate, and take
appropriate action on project applica-
tions submitted by the State.
D. Application of Natural Disaster Experience
to Enemy Attack
1. Objective
To assure maximum use of the experience
gained in natural disaster planning and opera-
D.
tions in preparing Federal, State, and local gov-
Dwight
ernments to meet the effects of enemy attack.
BILL
2. Actions Required
a. Federal, State, and local governments will:
(1) Apply lessons learned in meeting natural
disaster emergencies to the development of
plans and procedures for meeting emer-
gencies resulting from enemy attack.
(2) To the extent practicable, combine plans,
procedures, and preparedness for natural
disaster emergencies with plans, proce-
dures, and preparedness for enemy attack.
5 See Annex 17, Disaster Services.
[13]
Annex 40
(3) To the extent practicable, provide for full
use of local, State, and Federal agencies in
natural disaster emergencies in conso-
nance with assignments and responsibil-
ities for emergencies resulting from enemy
attack.
(4) Evaluate policies, plans, and procedures
for emergency operations designed to
meet enemy attack by studying and testing
their application in natural disaster opera-
tions.
(5) Use opportunities created by natural dis-
aster emergency operations to inform, edu-
cate, and train individuals and govern-
ments in their roles and responsibilities in
emergencies resulting from enemy attack.
E. Role of the American National Red Cross
1. Objective
Its Congressional Charter imposes on the
American National Red Cross the responsibility
for the relief of families and individuals suffering
from the effects of disasters.
2. Actions Required
a. Furnish the public a well-organized and effi-
ciently conducted humanitarian activity, there-
by making it possible to concentrate the neigh-
borliness of the Nation to alleviate human
sufferings caused by disasters.
b. Make disaster services available to all com-
munities through well-developed plans of chap-
ter preparedness and relief, and assist the
affected community in its efforts to return to
normal living through the provision of mass
[14]
Annex 40
care and individual assistance on an emergency
or rehabilitation basis to those in need of aid
in their recovery.
V. Execution
A. The Director, OCDM, will coordinate natural
disaster relief activities of the Federal Government,
direct the utilization of Federal resources in a major
disaster, and administer the provision of supplemental
Federal financial assistance to State and local govern-
ments under the provisions of Public Law 875, in ac-
cordance with Part IV, Section A, of the National Plan
for Civil Defense and Defense Mobilization, Executive
Order 10427, Executive Order 10737, and applicable
OCDM regulations.
B. Execution of Federal responsibilities not as-
signed to the Director, OCDM, shall be in accordance
with the existing policies, practices, and statutory au-
a
thorities of the several Federal agencies.
C. State and local officials will prepare for, and
OUL
meet the effects of, all natural disasters as prescribed
by their governments, in accordance with Part IV, Sec-
tion B, of the National Plan and other applicable
sections and annexes.
* U.S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE 0-1960
[ 15 ]
Annex 41, Summary of Annexes
NOTICE
to users of the National Plan
for Civil Defense and Defense Mobilization
Annex 41, Summary of Annexes, has been discontinued;
existing copies should be destroyed.
The Dwight o.
Please retain this sheet with your
annexes in the place of Annex 41.
THE NATIONAL PLAN
for
Civil Defense and Defense Mobilization
Annex 42
NATIONAL EMERGENCY
HOUSING PLAN
à Library BUL
UNUM
Executive Office of the President
OFFICE OF CIVIL AND DEFENSE MOBILIZATION
илит IZZOITAZ HHT
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SI zonut
AN JOH
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1 JWL 10 131730
Preface
This annex supports and amplifies the National
Plan for Civil Defense and Defense Mobilization with
respect to emergency housing and related community
facilities. It states the principles, responsibilities, and
procedures applicable to the provision of the necessary
housing and community facilities to accommodate the
population and to support defense industries and mili-
tary installations under varying emergency conditions.
Auxiliary documents will be issued as necessary
and will be subordinate to and compatible with this
annex and the National Plan.
The annex is published in looseleaf form in order
that pages may be added or replaced easily whenever
revisions are made.
The Dwight 0.
Director
Office of Civil and Defense Mobilization
Issued June 1960
[iii]
Contents
Page
PREFACE
iii
I. DEFINITIONS
1
II. ASSUMPTIONS
1
A. International Tension
1
B. Limited War
2
C. General War
2
III. GENERAL RESPONSIBILITIES
2
A. Federal Government
2
B. State and Local Governments
3
C. Industries and Users
3
D. Individuals
3
IV. FUNCTIONS
3
A. Preparatory Measures
3
B. Limited-War Measures
6
C. Survival and Recovery Measures
7
V. EXECUTION
8
A. Federal
8
B. State and Local
9
C. Private Organizations
10
[iv ]
ANNEX 42
NATIONAL EMERGENCY HOUSING PLAN
I. Definitions
As used in this annex, the term "emergency hous-
ing" means any and all types of living accommodations
and the community facilities related thereto. It in-
cludes emergency housing of temporary or permanent
construction, prefabricated and mobile units, hotels,
motels, college dormitories, apartments, private houses,
and any structures, regardless of original design, use,
or purpose, which have been converted to lodging use.
The term "community facilities" as used in this
annex includes all installations necessary to furnish
water, sewer, electric, and gas services¹ between the
housing unit or project and the nearest practical source.
The D. Eisenhower
II. Assumptions
The National Plan for Civil Defense and Defense
Mobilization envisions three possible contingencies for
which preparedness measures are required-interna-
tional tension, limited war, and general war with nuclear
attack on the United States.²
A. International Tension
In a period of grave international tension when
¹See Annexes 18, National Health Plan; 32, National Water Plan;
and 33, National Energy and Minerals Plan.
2See Annex 1, Planning Basis.
[1]
Annex 42
armed conflict is not involved, preparations would be
accelerated for providing emergency housing and
related community facilities which would be needed in
event of limited or general war.
B. Limited War
Under conditions of limited war which do not in-
volve an attack on the United States, the need for
housing and related community facilities would be
primarily to support defense industries, mobilization
centers, and military installations. The rapid influx
of workers and military personnel to man these defense
activities might create problems in the areas in which
they are located to such an extent that Federal assist-
ance would become necessary, and might require action
to control inflation and the use of materials in housing
construction. In addition, it would be necessary to
initiate or continue preparations for meeting needs
after a nuclear attack.
C. General War
In the event of general war with devastating
attack on the United States, the damage to, destruc-
tion of, and denial of access to housing and related
community facilities probably would be so severe that
direct Federal action would be required for their repair
and replacement on a substantial scale.
III. General Responsibilities
A. Federal Government
The Federal Government has broad responsibility
for the development and, as necessary, the execution
of plans for an emergency lodging program; the emer-
gency repair and restoration of damaged housing; the
construction and management of emergency housing
units; the selection, acquisition, development, and dis-
posal of areas for civilian housing in new, expanded,
restored, or relocated communities; the construction
[2]
Annex 42
of housing, related service buildings, and community
facilities for new or restored communities; and the
provision of new or expanded community facilities, as
well as the restoration or repair of damaged community
facilities.
B. State and Local Governments
State and local governments are responsible for
developing and training organizations for the admin-
istration of programs for the emergency lodging or
housing of evacuees and other persons; for making
repairs to damaged water and sewerage facilities; and
for providing or assisting in the provision of related
services and facilities according to responsibilities
stated in the various annexes to the National Plan.
C. Industries and Users
The housing industry and suppliers of materials
and services essential to housing are responsible for
cooperating with government for the provision of emer-
gency housing. This includes responsibility for man-
agement continuity, personnel and facility protection,
D.
conservation of supplies, and assistance in restoration
Dwight
BULL
LIDERATY
of damaged facilities and systems.
D. Individuals
Private citizens or corporations who own houses,
hotels, motels, or any such structures that can be used
for emergency lodging and housing are responsible for
making them available when and if required by appro-
priate authorities.
IV. Functions
A. Preparatory Measures
In advance of an emergency the Federal Govern-
ment will provide plans and guidance for training
[3]
Annex 42
appropriate personnel in the provision of emergency
lodging and housing and related community facilities,
and for use by State and local civil defense authorities
during the period immediately following an attack.
Such plans and guidance include:
1. Procedures for a locally administered program
for the emergency lodging or housing of evac-
uees or other persons whose regular housing is
not available to them, including:
a. A simplified method for assessing or comput-
ing the capacity of possible reception areas
and the adequacy of related community facil-
ities.
b. Use of housing in contaminated areas upon
natural decay of radiation or decontamina-
ation.
C. Protection against fallout and other weapons
effects.
d. Assigning evacuees to emergency lodging.
e. Standards as to minimum floor area per
person.
f. Management aspects of emergency lodging,
including determination of reimbursement of
owners of property used for such purposes.
g. Coordination with transportation, food, and
health groups at State and local levels.
h. Suggested forms, regulations, and proce-
dures.
³See Annexes 23, National Radiological Defense Plan; and 24, National
Biological and Chemical Warfare Defense Plan.
*See Annex 19, Emergency Welfare.
⁵See Annexes 18, National Health Plan; 19, Emergency Welfare;
31, National Food Plan; and 34, National Transportation Plan.
[4]
Annex 42
i. Channels for obtaining additional advice and
guidance from the Housing and Home Fi-
nance Agency.
2. Standards for construction of emergency hous-
ing units, for emergency repair of lightly dam-
aged housing structures, and for conversion of
nondwelling structures to lodging use, including
construction of:
a. Barracks (to be of panelized sections that
can be cut by any woodworking plant with
suitable jigs) of varying sizes and adaptable
for single or multiple family use.
b. Trailers, to be of austere construction with a
minimum of metal components.
c. Huts consisting of prefabricated shells that
can be covered with various types of water-
proof material.
The guides include standards and instructions
for minimum repairs to lightly and moderately
damaged housing in order that it might be
quickly recovered for dwelling use. Plans and
specifications also provide for the alteration of
The Dwight 0.
various types of nondwelling structures to make
them suitable for dwelling use.
3. Simple instructions and illustrations of austere
water and sanitation facilities.
4. Procedures for the provision of housing and
related community facilities in connection with
the dispersal or expansion of communities, de-
fense plants, and government installations.
5. Plans to encourage the construction of shelters.
6. Plans for distribution of stockpiled essential
survival items for housing and related commun-
ity facilities.
[5]
Annex 42
In advance of an emergency, State and local gov-
ernments will develop plans for the execution of the
programs devised by the Federal Government for use
immediately following an attack. Guidance for State
and local civil defense authorities will be designed to
meet postattack situations local in character and not
included in the Federal plans.
B. Limited-War Measures
The Federal Government will promote and direct
the construction of new housing, both private and
public, and new or expanded community facilities in
defense-impacted areas. It may control nonessential
residential building and the use of building materials
in the construction of housing and related community
facilities and invoke and administer credit controls for
housing. More specifically, the Federal Government
may:
1. Regulate construction of new private housing
and related community facilities SO as to channel
them into areas where they are most urgently
needed and where they will best serve the mobil-
ization efforts of the country.
2. Take such steps as are necessary to assure
availability of funds to finance the private con-
struction of essential housing, and take other
measures such as the limiting of credit for the
construction of nonessential housing, in order
to promote economic stability.
3. Provide for construction and management of
federally owned housing to support defense and
mobilization activities and military installations
when and where construction of private hous-
ing is not feasible.
[6]
Annex 42
4. Within the framework for priorities and allo-
cations, claim and allot building materials and
equipment allocated for the construction of
housing and related community facilities.
5. Provide financing for and assistance in the
construction or expansion of community facil-
ities or, when necessary, provide for direct
Federal construction.
State and local governments will cooperate with
the Federal Government in limited war through the
development and execution of programs corresponding
with or complementary to, the Federal programs.
C. Survival and Recovery Measures
In the event of a general war involving attack on
the United States, it is recognized that in the immedi-
ate postattack period States and localities would prob-
ably have to prove self-sustaining for several weeks.
Authorities would be faced with the problems of pro-
D.
viding emergency lodging, including mass lodging for
Dwight
evacuees, and establishing austere water and sanita-
SHE
tion facilities. The technical advice in the plans and
guides prepared preattack and issued in accordance
with Section A above is designed to assist States and
localities to meet these conditions.
As soon as postattack conditions permit, the Fed-
eral Government will, directly or indirectly:
1. Assess the damage to housing and related
community facilities inflicted by nuclear attack
and relate it to the capacity of the remaining
undamaged housing to provide housing for the
surviving population.
See Annex 14, Damage Assessment.
[7]
Annex 42
2. Make available existing federally owned or con-
trolled housing, related community facilities and
land for housing evacuees, defense workers,
and others entitled to priority consideration.
3. Provide emergency and temporary types of
housing, including prefabricated and mobile
units.
4. Repair damaged housing and other structures
adaptable for use as housing.
5. Convert nonresidential structures to housing
use, as necessary.
6. Construct new housing to lodge evacuees and
to support defense industries and military instal-
lations.
7. Select, acquire, develop, and dispose of areas for
civilian uses in new, expanded, restored, or re-
located communities.
8. Repair or construct, or provide engineering and
financial assistance for the repair, reconstruc-
tion, or provision of, essential community facil-
ities related to housing.
9. Provide financial or credit assistance for the
construction of essential new housing.
10. Claim and allot building materials and equip-
ment allocated for housing and related com-
munity facilities construction.
V. Execution
A. Federal
The Housing and Home Finance Agency, under
the policy direction and program control of OCDM,
plans and carries out the national emergency program
for civilian nonfarm housing and related community
[8]
Annex 42
facilities to accommodate the population and to support
defense industries and military installations under
varying emergency conditions. HHFA coordinates the
plans of other Federal agencies which deal with matters
in the housing field, except that emergency lodging not
directly concerned with public housing sponsored by the
Agency will be coordinated by the Department of
Health, Education, and Welfare.
HHFA regional and State offices and other field
staff carry out the Agency's responsibilities in their
respective areas within the Agency structure. If com-
munications are disrupted during an emergency period,
the State offices and field staff will operate under OCDM
regional control and coordination.
B. State and Local
Except for State health offices, which have a re-
.
sponsibility for water and sanitation, there are few
Dwight
State offices for housing and community facilities.
BUL
However, there are numerous local housing author-
ities, local public agencies, and other nonfederal organ-
izations closely connected with the operations of HHFA
in hundreds of cities and towns throughout the country.
These auxiliary organizations would be identified with
and take an active part in the housing and related com-
munity facilities programs in their local communities
during the postattack survival period. These organ-
izations might act for HHFA in carrying out the con-
struction, maintenance, and repair of housing and
related community facilities. Where there are State
offices for housing, the State will be responsible for
supervising the emergency local housing and com-
munity facilities programs carried out by local com-
munities.
[9]
Annex 42
C. Private Organizations
The housing industry and other business and labor
organizations interested in and knowledgeable about
various aspects of housing will assist in carrying out
the emergency lodging and housing phase of civil de-
fense in their local communities.
U.S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE : O-1960
[10]