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FY 1976 - 12/23/74 - Final Issues for Decision
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FY 1976 - 12/23/74 - Final Issues for Decision
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White House Special Files Unit Files
Budget Review Decision Papers
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Department of State. 9/1789-
Department of Defense. Department of the Army. U.S. Army Corps of Engineers. Ohio River Division. U.S. Army Engineer District, Pittsburgh. (6/14/1979 - 4/1997)
Department of State. Agency for International Development. Bureau for Private and Development Cooperation. Office of U.S. Foreign Disaster Assistance. (1978 - 10/1/1979)
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The original documents are located in Box 8, folder "FY 1976 - 12/23/74, Final Issues for Decision" of the White House Special Files Unit Files at the Gerald R. Ford Presidential Library. Copyright Notice The copyright law of the United States (Title 17, United States Code) governs the making of photocopies or other reproductions of copyrighted material. Gerald Ford donated to the United States of America his copyrights in all of his unpublished writings in National Archives collections. Works prepared by U.S. Government employees as part of their official duties are in the public domain. The copyrights to materials written by other individuals or organizations are presumed to remain with them. If you think any of the information displayed in the PDF is subject to a valid copyright claim, please contact the Gerald R. Ford Presidential Library. Digitized from Box 8 of the White House Special Files Unit Files at the Gerald R. Ford Presidential Library NATIONAL ARCHIVES AND RECORDS SERVICE WITHDRAWAL SHEET (PRESIDENTIAL LIBRARIES) FORM OF CORRESPONDENTS OR TITLE DATE RESTRICTION DOCUMENT 1. budget book, 1976 final iasues for decision, 12/23/84 la. memo Ash to th3 President 5 pages 12/23/74 A lb paper PL 480 1975 program alternatives + page nd A lc paper PL 480 alternatives and country programs 1 page nd A ld. mdmo Ash to the Preisdent 2 pages 12/23/74 A le. paper Issue 11b 5 pages nd A If. memo Kissinger to the President 2 pages 12/20/74 A lg. memo Ash to the President 2 pages nd A 1h. memo Kissinger to the President 3 pages 12/20/74 A li paper Issue 12 2 pages nd A 1j / memo Kissinger to the President 2 pages 12/10/74 A FILE LOCATION Special Files, Budget Decision Books FY 1976, 12/23/74, Final Issues for Decision (box 8) plc 4/19/84 RESTRICTION CODES (A) Closed by Executive Order 12065 governing access to national security information. (B) Closed by statute or by the agency which originated the document. (C) Closed in accordance with restrictions contained in the donor's deed of gift, GENERAL SERVICES ADMINISTRATION GSA FORM 7122 (REV. 1-81) MEMORANDUM OF PRESIDENTIAL HANDWRITING FILE CODE DATE: 12/23/74 SUBJECT: 1976 Budget Final Issues for Decision, 12/23/74 RECOMMENDED LETTER MEMO PHONE CALL NEWS SUMMARY NEWS CLIPPING OTHER NOTEBOOK TO: THE PRESIDENT FROM: ROY ASH NOTE: Above removed from Special Files Box #4 CHECKMARK ONLY SENSITIVE - NO HANDWRITING handwasting P.E.E CRISTICAL I IN GENALD Removed from Special Files Box #4, FORD Binder "1976 Budget Final Issues for Decision, 12/23/74" LIBRARY 12-23-74 THE WHITE HOUSE WASHINGTON Don R.) in Atudy. 0 Country, 2 found This out of date, ORIGINAL IN PRESIDENTIAL HANDWRITING PILE the LIBREST 1976 Budget Final Issues For Decision 12/23/74 ORIGINAL IN PRESIDENTIAL HANDWRITING FILE O P.L.#480 #480 ORIGINAL IN PRESIDENTIAL HANDWRITING FILE ABI UNIVER HAL THE WHITE HOUSE WASHINGTON ACTION December 23, 1974 MEMORANDUM FOR: THE PRESIDENT FROM: ROY L. ASH SUBJECT: Budget Decision for P.L. 480 Food Aid Program for Fiscal Year 1975 Because of restrictive provisions in the recently enacted Foreign Assistance Act of 1974, the alternatives for a 1975 P.L. 480 program which were presented to you earlier are no longer feasible. The Act includes: A congressional direction that during 1975 "not more than 30 percent of concessional food aid should be allocated to countries other than those which are most seriously affected by food shortages, unless the President demonstrates to the appropriate Committees of the Congress that the use of such food assistance is solely for humanitarian food purposes." An effective limitation of $77 million in P.L. 480 for Cambodia within the overall aid limitation of $377 million, of which no more than $200 million is available for military aid and of which $100 million is available solely for dollar economic aid. Although the 30 percent limitation technically is not legally binding, it is a strong sense of Congress state- ment. Its precise meaning, however, is subject to two interpretations because of conflicts in its legislative history. The more restrictive interpretation was set forth with precision in a colloquy between Senators Hatfield and Humphrey on the Senate floor: no more than 30 percent of Title I sales should go to countries which are not among the most seriously affected (MSA's). The more liberal in- terpretation was set forth by Rep. Frelinghuysen: the amount DECLASSIFIED E.O. 12356, Sec. 3.4 (b) White House Guide Lines, Feb. 24, 1983 By AND NARS, Date 6/27/85 CONFIDENTIAL CONFIDENTIAL - 2 - of Title I credit sales to countries other than the MSA's should not exceed 30 percent of the total P.L. 480 program including Title II grants. Chairman Morgan was much less precise in the floor debate and left at least two Congressmen (Brown of California and Symington) with the understanding that the restrictive interpretation was the correct one. A copy of these statements is at- tached at Tab A. We are informally advised by AID lawyers that while the legal point is technically arguable, proponents of the restrictive interpretation have the stronger case because of the legislative history, particularly the clear statement of Senator Humphrey, who was the originator of the section. We have, therefore, developed two new alternative pro- grams, presented below. Alternative A is consistent with the restrictive interpretations of the 30 percent rule; Alternative B is consistent only with the more liberal Frelinghuysen interpretation. Country details are pre- sented at Tab B. The earlier four alternatives are at Tab C for your reference. Alternative A falls between the earlier alternatives #2 and #3 in both commodity and budget terms. It exceeds by 230,000 tons the December 4 USDA commodity availa- bility level for wheat of 2.7 million tons in the earlier Alternative #2 and thus could lead to some risk of price rises, and it adds $39 million to the old Alternative #2, bringing outlays to $1,133 million. This alternative limits shipments to the countries not seriously affected by economic disruption to thirty percent of the Title I program -- excluding "carry-in" commodities approved last year but actually shipped very early this year. The program, therefore, is oriented to humanitarian need particularly in South Asia--India, Bangladesh and Sri Lanka. It would be responsive to the concerns of Senators Humphrey and Hatfield. With respect to the countries restricted by the 30 per- cent limitation, this alternative would: Substantially meet needs in the Middle East -- Egypt, Syria, Israel and Jordan -- permitting additional shipments to the first two countries, and providing about the same amounts in the earlier Alternatives #2 and #3. CONFIDENTIAL FORD LIBRARY CONFIDENTIAL - 3 - Cut back Vietnam from the $101 million in the previous alternatives to $62 million, although if their crops are good even this reduced level will be higher than actual needs. If, however, the security situation in the Mekong Delta deteriorates, more may be needed. Hold Chile to $33 million and Korea to $30 mil- lion, the amounts already committed, and Not permit any shipments to Indonesia. Among the countries not subject to the 30 percent limi- tation: Cambodia would be held to the $77 million ceil- ing under the Foreign Assistance Act. If that ceiling is raised in the next session of Congress, more would be shipped to Cambodia and less to South Asia. Pakistan would receive $35 million, providing almost 80 percent of the amount for that country in the old Alternative #3. South Asia would receive very large scale ship- ments totalling $475 million, much higher than in any of the earlier alternatives. Alternative B is at the dollar and commodity levels of the previous Alternative #3. It would exceed the December 4 USDA wheat availability by 400,000 tons. Compared to Alternative A, it would increase and raise budget outlays by $32 million to $1,165 million. This alternative would increase the amount for countries subject to the 30 percent limitation from $258 million under Alternative A to $373 million. Specifically: The Vietnam program would rise to the original $101 million level, all of which may not be needed, thus providing a larger margin for contingencies elsewhere. CONFIDENTIAL CONFIDENTIAL - 4 - Shipments to Korea would rise to $85 million, compared to the $106 million in the earlier Alternative #3. Shipments to Chile would rise to $53 million, the same as in the earlier Alternatives # 2 and #3. With respect to countries not subject to the 30 percent limitation: Pakistan would receive $44 million, the same as in the earlier Alternative #3 and $9 million higher than in Alternative A. South Asia could have as much as $381 million, higher than in any of the earlier alternatives, but significantly lower than Alternative A's $475 million. Your choice is thus between a heavily humanitarian pro- gram for which there is strong Congressional support and a program which, while still containing a very substantial humanitarian element, meets to the extent possible your security and political objectives. Agency Positions In preparing these new alternatives OMB and NSC staff did not re-survey the other agencies about their positions. Based on their views on the earlier alternatives, how- ever, we believe it is fair to conclude that: CEA and CIEP would support Alternative A, which OMB recommends. State, AID, and Agriculture would support Alternative B,, which NSC recommends. Treasury, while preferring the program emphasis of Alternative B, would sharply cut back the level of wheat shipments proposed. Because of the need to schedule shipments for the in- creased commodities under both alternatives and because of the budget printing schedule, an early decision is needed. FORD LIBRARY CONFIDENTIAL CONFIDENTIAL - 5 - Decision: Alternative A: $1,133 million, with strong humanitarian emphasis and consistent with the restric- tive Hatfield-Humphrey interpretation of the 30 percent limitation. Approve Alternative B: $1,165, with greater emphasis on other foreign policy objectives, but relying on the weaker case for the Frelinghuysen interpretation of the limitation Approve If you approve Alternative B, we believe that you should inform Senators Hatfield and Humphrey of that decision and your reliance on the literal words of the 30 percent limitation and Rep. Frelinghuysen's statement. Attachments Note: The Office of Legal Counsel, Department of Justice, has reviewed the legislative history of the 30 percent limitation provision and considers the restrictive interpretation to be correct. FORD LIBRAR. CONFIDENTIAL TAB A HUMPHREY-HATFIELD COLLOQUY ON P.L. 480 Debate on Foreign Assistance Act Conference Report Congressional Record, December 17, 1974, p. S21794 MR. HATFIELD. Mr. President, I would like to direct an inquiry to the manager of the bill, the distinguished Senator from Minnesota (Mr. Humphrey) regarding section 49 of the Senate bill, and its disposition by the conference. I note that the conference has agreed to set a limit of 30 percent on concessional food assistance to nations not on the U.N. list of 32 countries "most seriously affected" by the current global economic crisis. As the Senator knows, I have had a very deep concern about the continued diversion of concessional sales under title I of Public Law 480 to nations who are not in deep need of food, but who are re- ceiving such aid for purely political purposes. It is un- conscionable to me that at this time, when the needy nations of the world face a grain deficit of 7.5 million tons in the next 6 months, that we should continue to divert large por- tions of our food aid to nations for purely political pur- poses. Now, my question to the Senator is to what does this 30-percent limitation figure apply? MR. HUMPHREY. The 30-percent figure applies only to con- cessional sales. It applies, therefore, only to title I of the Public Law 480 program. Title II, which is purely grants, is not in- cluded in figuring this limitation. MR. HATFIELD. I am pleased to hear that. Does this mean, then, that the administration is limited in this current fiscal year to giving only 30 percent of title I, Public Law 480 loans for concessional sales to nations that are not on the U.N. list of "most seriously affected.' MR. HUMPHREY. That is exactly correct. In determining the 30-percent figure, we had clearly in mind 30 percent of the title I budget under Public Law 480. We did not in- clude title II within the limitation since the title II program of grants, given through voluntary agencies pri- marily, is clearly humanitarian. We were not interested, therefore, in limiting its allocation because of its evi- dent humanitarian nature. That is why the limitation applies only to title I. TAB A - 2 - MR. HATFIELD. That is as I had hoped, and how I un- derstand the actions of the conference committee. How- ever, I have wanted them to be interpreted explicitly so as to prevent any misunderstanding. In that regard, let me point out to the Senator that the language agreed to by the conference in this matter reads "30 percent of concessional food aid." In this instance, then, "con- cessional food aid" refers to title I, and title I only of Public Law 480. It does not include, for the purposes of interpreting this law, the Public Law 480 title II pro- gram. MR. HUMPHREY. The Senator is absolutely correct. This limitation applies only to the concessional sales and loans operating under title I of Public Law 480. That is what the language means, and there should be absolutely no am- biguity in anybody's mind about it. MR. HATFIELD. I understand that the administration has under its consideration a total of Public Law 480 program of about $1.2 billion for this fiscal year. Of that amount, about $350 would be available for grants under title II, and about $850 would be available under concessional loans under title I. Now, if that particular budget, which we are using here as an example, were adopted, then, as I understand what the Senator has said as to the conference committee language, there would be a 30 percent limitation on the $850 million title I program, for nations not on the U.N. list. There- fore, under this budget and limiting formula, only $255 million would be available for nations not on the U.N. list under title I. Is that correct? Was that the intent of the conference committee? MR. HUMPHREY. Again, the Senator is totally correct in his understanding of the action taken by the conference committee. And I should like to commend the Senator for his diligent and detailed interest in this very critical subject. MR. HATFIELD. I want to thank the Senator very deeply, and commend him for his outstanding leadership in this en- tire issue. As the original author of the amendment, which has been accepted by the conference with the one change we have noted, the Senator has shown a continued and steadfast desire to limit the use of our food aid for political pur- poses during this time of great human need. TAB A - 3 - I would point out, further, that this limitation will allow the administration to fulfill its political commit- ments of food aid to the Middle East and elsewhere. But it will establish a meaningful limit on the political use of such aid. It will prevent major portions of food aid going to nations such as Korea, Indonesia, and Chile, whose people do not face the threat of starvation in the way that those in Bangladesh, India, Sri Lanka, and elsewhere do. By limiting the food aid which can flow to nations for political purposes, we can increase the levels of food aid given to save the lives of millions in the next 6 months. I have calculated that $100 million worth of food aid, if given to nations facing unmet grain deficits before the next harvest, can support 3 million people through the next 6 months. So that is the true significance of the action which we have taken here. The Senator knows that in the past I have not voted for the foreign aid bill because of my objections to particularly the military aid portions of it. But in light of the action taken by the conference committee on this critical issue, I shall vote for passage of the conference committee report. TAB A - 4 - FRELINGHUYSEN STATEMENT ON P.L. 480 Congressional Record, December 18, 1974, p. H 12211 MR. BUCHANAN. Mr. Speaker, I rise in support of the conference report and commend the conferees for a job well done. This does seem to constitute a good balance between political and humanitarian considerations, but I am es- pecially interested in the humanitarian aspect. With reference to food aid, the conference report properly, focuses in my judgment, on the food needs of the countries most seriously affected by the world economic crisis. Mr. Speaker, I would like to commend the gentleman from New Jersey, the ranking minority member of our com- mittee, who is retiring, for all his outstanding work and for his good representation in this conference. I would like to thank him for his support of the pro- position that a large proportion of our development assistance and food aid will go to the countries most seriously affected by the food crisis. MR. FRELINGHUYSEN. Mr. Speaker, I thank the gentleman for his remarks. I should like to say that the report seeks to reflect a balance between political and humanitarian considera- tions. As has just been indicated, we have provided that agricultural development aid should be concentrated on countries with per capita income of less $300. In section 55 of the conference report, which is found on page 28, we have directed that: Not more than 30 percent of concessional food aid should be allocated to countries other than those which are most seriously affected by current food shortages. In my opinion, this language clearly directs that the President should provide to the countries most seriously affected by the food crisis at least 70 percent of all food assistance. This aid includes both grants and credit sales under title I and title II of Public Law 480. LIBRARY Best Possible Scan from Poor Quality Original TAB A - 5 - The House confereees agreed to these provisions, to .re that the gentleman's humanitarian concerns are met. STATEMENTS OF CHAIRMAN MORGAN AND REPRESENTATIVE BROWN OF CALIFORNIA AND SYMINGTON Congressional Record, December 18, 1974 PP. H 12210, 12211, 12213 MR. BROWN. of California. Mr. Speaker, the distinguished rman of the committee mentioned the colloquy with the leman from Missouri (Mr. Symington) with regard to d for Peace," which occurred on the floor of the House 1 the bill was before us, and there is a similar colloquy en Senators Hatfield and Humphrey as reflected in :erday's Record on page S21794 with regard to the per- :age of the title I Food for Peace which will be allo- ed to the countries which are not on the U.N. list of countries "most seriously affected" by the current world 1 crisis. I wish to ask the distinguished chairman of the commit- if he is in agreement with the interpretation contained :he remarks of Senator Hatfield with regard to the pro- .ons in the conference report. MR. MORGAN. Mr. Speaker, as the gentleman remembers, House bill had no similar provision dealing with food MR. BROWN. of California. That is right. MR. MORGAN. Our committee of conference, however, adopted Senate language favoring more food for those who need more ). We believe the language in the conference report moves that direction. It puts emphasis on food assistance to the rest countries. TAB A - 6 - MR. SYMINGTON. Mr. Speaker, I take this opportunity to refer again to the food-for-peaceprovisions of the bill. The record is now explicit with respect to what is meant by concessional food aid, in section 55 (a) (5). It is clear from the colloquy that occurred in the other body, and here, that what is meant by that sub- section is that not more than 30 percent of title I con- cessional food sales may be allocated to countries other than those most seriously affected by food shortages. The word concessional is a term of art. It only refers to title I sales for foreign currency. It means sales on con- cessional terms. It is not used redundantly in this or any other section. It is not used with respect to title II, the title which deals with grant programs. It is quite important that we nail this down for the record. We are not talking about 30 percent of the total of food aid under title II plus concessional aid under title I, but only of title I concessional food aid. For the coming fiscal year, this would be restricted to the amount of $255 million. I am glad both bodies have ac- cepted this interpretation. SUBJ: LEG-6 HERMAN E. TALMADGE, GA., CHAIRMAN JAMES O. EASTLAND, MISS. CARL T. CURTIS, NEBR. As /PB GEORGE MC GOVERN, S. DAK. GEORGE D. AIKEN, VT. JAMES D. ALLEN, ALA. MILTON R. YOUNG, N. DAK. HUBERT H. HUMPHREY, MINN. ROBERT DOLE, KANS. VALTER D. HUDDLESTON, KY. HENRY BELLMON, OKLA. Bride ICK CLARK, IOWA JESSE HELMS, N.C. United States Senate COTYS M. MOUSER, CHIEF CLERK COMMITTEE ON AGRICULTURE AND FORESTRY WASHINGTON, D.C. 20510 December 23, 1974 ang Due 12/26 ACTION: GC for Murphy sig INFO: Parker log Murphy log AA/LEG, C/FFP, AA/PPC, LEG/LPCS The Honorable Daniel Parker Administrator Agency for International Development Department of State Washington, D. C. 20523 Dear Dan: May we offer our warm thanks for your assistance during the consideration of the Foreign Assistance Act. Your patience and cooperation throughout our work on this legislation was most appreciated by all of those involved. It is our understanding that some question has been raised concerning the interpretation of Section 55 of the Foreign Assistance Authorization Bill as reported by our Conference Committee and passed by the Congress. Section 55(a) (5) provides that "not more than 30 percent of concessional food aid should be allocated to countries other than those most seriously affected by current food shortages, unless the President demonstrates to the appropriate committees of the Congress that the use of such food assistance is solely for humanitarian food purposes. " It is the clear intent of the author, Conference Committee, and the Congress, as duly demonstrated in various colloquys on the issue, that the 30 percent limitation apply solely to Title I of PL 480. While the denotation of the word "concessional" might be interpreted to apply to both conces- sional sales and grants the connotation of the word as applied to our food assistance programs is that referring to sales and loans only. In offering this provision, the author's intent was that the 30 percent limitation apply to Title I of PL 480 only and using Title I program funds as a base upon which the 30 percent limitation is applied. The Honorable Daniel Parker Page Two December 23, 1974 Since this was a Senate provision, drafted by Senator Humphrey and clarified specifically in our colloquy, it should be clear that there is no room for any other interpretation. As the Senate was the initiator of this amendment, and as it was our position which was accepted in the Conference, there is no possibility for doubt over its meaning. Our interest in including this restriction is not to encumber the program with permanent programming mandates nor to dis- courage political uses of food assistance with modesty in time when international supply conditions permit. Rather, our con- cern is that a sense of balance between political and humani- tarian objectives be restored in our Food for Peace programs. Frankly, unless such a balance is attained the future of the program may be jeopardized as confidence in the humanitarian aspect of the program is lost. We are most anxious to work with you in the spirit of coopera- tion which has characterized the passage of the Foreign Aid Bill and, therefore, want you to be totally clear about the intent and effect of this aspect of legislation which the Congress has passed. Sincerely, Hubert # 2mg HUBERT H. HUMPHREY MARK 0. HATFIELD TAB B CONFIDENTIAL TAB B P.L. 480 1975 PROGRAM ALTERNATIVES CONGRESSIONAL ACTION By White DOD Guide Lines, Feb. 3.4 (b) DECLASSIFIED TAKING INTO ACCOUNT RECENT (Outlays in millions of dollars) NARS, Date 6/27/85 24, 1983 01d Alt. #3 Alt. A Alt. B (for ref- E I COMMODITIES erence only) Carry-in 53 56 56 Allocated in 1975: 1. Subject to 30% limit Middle East 139 133 133 Vietnam 101 62 101 Chile 53 33 53 Korea 106 30 85 Indonesia 30 Other 10 2 2 Subtotal 439 258 373 2. Not subject to 30% limit Cambodia 158 77 77 Pakistan 44 35 44 South Asia 237 475 381 Other 16 16 16 Subtotal 455 603 518 Total 1975 Allocations 894 861 891 TOTAL TITLE I COMMODITIES 947 917 947 TOTAL TITLE II COMMODITIES 352 352 352 TOTAL COMMODITIES 1,299 1,269 1,299 Freight costs 140 138 140 Deduct receipts -274 -274 -274 TOTAL P.L. 480 1,165 1,133 1,165 Commodity quantities: (millions of tons) Wheat 3.1 2.9 3.1 Rice 1.0 1.0 1.0 CONFIDENTIAL CONFIDENTIAL TAB C P.L. 480 1975 FUNDING ALTERNATIVES AND COUNTRY PROGRAMS ($ millions) Alt. #1 Alt. # 2 Alt. #3 Alt. # 4 TITLE I COMMODITIES Southeast Asia: Cambodia 158 158 158 158 Vietnam 101 101 101 101 Subtotal 259 259 259 259 Middle East: Egypt 88 88 88 88 Israel 9 9 14 26 Jordan 4 4 5 7 Syria 32 32 32 32 Subtotal 133 133 139 153 Traditional Recipients: Chile 53 53 53 65 Korea 30 30 106 124 Indonesia - - 30 43 ( Pakistan 18 18 44 53 Subtotal 101 101 233 285 Asian Subcontinent: Bangladesh 98 171 138 191 India 88 116 88 169 Sri Lanka - 11 11 11 Subtotal 186 298 237 371 Other Countries and Carry-In: Other Countries 9 19 27 35 Carry-In 53 53 53 53 Reserve - 15 - I Subtotal 62 87 80 88 TOTAL TITLE I COMMODITIES 741 878 947 1,155 TITLE II COMMODITIES 352 352 352 352 TOTAL COMMODITIES 1,093 1,230 1,299 1,507 Freight Costs 134 136 140 147 Deduct: Receipts - 274 -274 -274 -274 PUBLIC LAW 480 - TOTAL 953 1,092 1,165 1,380 DECLASSIFIED E.O. 12356, Sec. 3.4 (b) 12/7/74 White House Guide Lines, Feb. 24, 1983 CONTIDENTIAL ACTD NARS, Date 6/27/85 By SECRET THE WHITE HOUSE WASHINGTON ACTION December 23, 1974 MEMORANDUM FOR: THE PRESIDENT FROM: ROY L. ASH SUBJECT: 1976 P.L. 480 Budget Decision Attached at Tab A is the issue paper provided to you earlier on P.L. 480 food aid for 1976, on the basis of which you decided upon Alternative #2--budget outlays of $861 million and 4.7 tons of grain shipments. Dr. Kissinger in the memorandum attached at Tab B asks that you reconsider your decision and choose Alterna- tive #1, which has budget outlays of $1.18 billion and provides grain shipments of 6.2 million tons. The points that Dr. Kissinger's memorandum raises and OMB's views on them are as follows: 1. His memorandum suggests that the price effects of the larger program which he proposes will not be significant. This is based on the assumption that world-wide weather conditions next year will be normal to better than normal. As our experience of the past two years has shown, however, we cannot count on good weather. Had we done so this year and moved forward with a large scale food aid program, prices might well be considerably higher than they are today, possibly sufficiently high to create irresistible pressure for export controls. Even relatively small increases in food aid can lead to rather large price swings. If, on the other hand, we have good crops, falling prices may permit us to ship a larger volume of food under Alternative #2 than seems possible now. 2. Dr. Kissinger believes that the higher Alternative #1 level of food aid will be strongly supportive of our international interests, particularly as they relate to a U.S. leadership position in follow- ing up on the World Food Conference. OMB believes that the Alternative #2 level also supports our interna- tional efforts to emphasize food production and is more consistent with our efforts to shift part of the burden of food aid to other countries. Your initial decision on 4.7 million tons of grain constitutes 47 per- cent of the World Food Conference target of 10 million tons of grain for all food aid donors including the oil rich countries. Raising the U.S. program to 6.2 million tons under Alternative #2 would offer little room and little incentive for other countries to do more. DECLASSIFIED E.O. 12356, Sec. 3.4 (b) White House Guide Lines, Feb. 24, 1983 SECRET By NW NARS, Date 6/27/85 SECRET 2 3. His memorandum states that the higher level would win strong support from domestic proponents of food aid who support its use for humanitarian purposes. The larger program under Alternative #1 would not, however, provide additional food to those countries with a humanitarian need, but to the Middle East and Korea where there is no pressing food requirement. The higher program would raise the proportion of food aid going to countries less seriously affected by rising prices for oil and food to almost half of Title I concessional sales. This is far above the 30 percent limit set by Congress for these countries in 1975. Thus, approving this level would surely elicit a strong adverse reaction from the Congress and probably lead to tighter legislative restrictions on food aid. 4. Dr. Kissinger points out that the dollar level of Alternative #2 may well be lower than in 1975, leading to the charge that the United States is doing less food aid. As the World Food Conference demonstrated, however, food aid recipients are most concerned about the quantities of food that they are likely to receive. Alternative #2, which you earlier approved, exceeds the quantitative levels you are considering for this year by 5-10 percent and, in addition, allocates a much larger proportion of the program to countries most in need of food aid. Decision: Approve Secretary Kissinger's appeal ($1.18 billion) Reaffirm your decision of $861 million (OMB recommendation Attachments SECRET ( CONFIDENTIAL 54 DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE 1976 Budget Issue 11b: P.L. 480 Food Aid Program for 1976 Statement of Issue What should the level and composition of food aid be in 1976 in view of uncertainties in commodity availabilities and con- tinuing pressures for a sizable increase in the U.S. food aid program particularly for humanitarian purposes? P.L. 480 Outlays 1974 1975 1976 Alt.#1 A11.#4 Alt. #1 Alt. # Alc.#3 # AID OMB. USDA Req. Rec. Req. ($ millions) Title I Commodity ( Costs 568 741 1155 921 662 617 Title II Commodity Costs 283 352 352 326 283 262 Subtotal 851 1093 1507 1247 945 879 Freight Costs 112 134 147 180 151 138 Receipts (-) 324 274 274 246 235 235 Total 639 953 1380 1181 861 782 Grain Equivalent 3.1 3.8 5.3 6.2 4.7 3.8 (million metric tons) Background Members of Congress, the public and foreign governments will be watching the level of food aid planned for in 1976 compared with that chosen for 1975 as an indication of U.S. intentions regarding the future of food aid. In that contex1, the commodity level of food aid chosen for 1975 sets a minimum for the 1976 program if the Administration is to signal its resporsiveness to continuing pressures for large scale food aid. DECLASSIFIED E.O. 12356, Sec. 3.4 (b) White House Guide Lines, Feb. 24, 1933 By AAP LIBRARY NARS, Date 6/27/85 55 USDA plans no acreage limitations on P.L. 480 commodities in 1976. Thus, with normal weather conditions, supply is expected to ease and prices to fall below current levels by roughly 20%. However, major uncertainties remain regarding commodity avail- abilities and prices as well as the likely needs abroad for food aid in 1976. Alternatives #1 Undertake a large scale food aid program of $1,181 million (State /AID Req.) #2 Provide for a program of $861 million (OMB Rec.) #3 Mount a P.L. 480 program of $782 million (USDA Req. ) Analysis The Level The major focus of recent public and Congressional pressures to increase food aid has been largely on expanding commodity levels; comparisons between the levels of food aid in 1975 and 1976 are likely to be on the same basis. An additional element in considering the level for 1976 is fulfillment of the U.S. pledge at the World Food Conference to participate in providing ten million tons of grain for food aid; the U.S. share in the global commitment, to be negotiated in early 1976, is likely to be about 40% or four million tons. P.L. 480 Levels 1976 State 1975 USDA OMB AID Alt. Alt.#2 Alt.#3 Alt.#4 Req. Rec. Req. Commodity Levels 3.8 4.1 4.5 5.3 3.8 4.7 6.2 (million metric tons of grain) Budget Outlays 953 1092 1165 1380 782 861 1181 The higher grain level per dollar in 1976 reflects the lower USDA price estimates for that year. PERALD R. FORD LIBRART 56 Program Composition Only the State/AID request and the OMB recommendation for 1976 include proposed program composition by country. They both: Provide full needs for Southeast Asia. Provide substantial food aid for possible needs in South Asia and for five smaller country programs. Provide the full request level for Chile and a sizable worldwide reserve for contingencies. The OMB recommendation differs from the State/AID request by: Eliminating the program for Korea. The Korean program is the largest single program proposed for 1976. The tight commodity situation in 1974 and 1975 has pre- vented fulfillment of the U.S. commitment to provide large scale food aid to Korea in exchange for limi- tations on Korean textile exports to the U.S. If the supply situation for P.L. 480 commodities should ease in 1976, pressures will increase to resume large scale food aid. However, by contributing to upward pressures on prices of food and textiles in the United States and so contributing to inflation, the Korean textile agreement no longer serves U.S. interests. Moreover, a $150 million program for Korea--neither one of the neediest LDC's nor among those most seriously affected by rising oil prices may pro- voke public and Congressional criticism and lead to efforts to restrict food aid to largely humanitarian purposes. Eliminating programs for Egypt, Syria, Jordan, and Israel. The Middle East program for 1975 in large part serves as an immediate and visible signal of U.S. support for Syrian and Egyptian willingness to take steps toward settlement while large dollar appropriations are pending in Congress. These funds are expected to be made available later this fiscal year, to be disbursed in part in 1976. With the availability of other funds from 1975 appropria- tions and from appropriations or a Continuing Resolu- tion in 1976 (which would include funds for the Middle East at the level appropriated in 1975) food aid should no longer be required for these countries. FORD is LIBRARY 57 Reducing Title II for countries able to assume the burden of financing their own nutrition programs. Agency Requests The State/AID request, Alternative #1, of $1181 million in outlays, would continue large programs for Korea and the Middle East. It would also be consistent with increasing food aid over any of the 1975 alternatives and would pro- vide 6.2 million tons of grain, well over the four million tons of grain likely to be the U. S. contribution to the ten million ton worldwide level of food aid. The USDA request, Alternative #3 of $782 million in outlays would provide only 3.8 million tons of grain, below the ex- pected U.S. contribution to the worldwide level of food aid and below commodity levels of all the 1975 alternatives except Alternative #1. The OMB Recommendation. Alternative #2 of $861 million in outlays, would eliminate programs in Korea and the Middle East while planning commodity levels above those of Alterna- tives #1, 2, or 3 for 1975 but would fall below that of Alternative #4. It would also enable the United States to provide 4.7 million tons of grain, more than enough to meet a four million ton world food aid commitment. OUNT IDENTIAL 58 PROPOSED COUNTRY DISTRIBUTION OF P.L. 480 FUNDING LEVELS FOR 1976 ($ Millions) AID OMB Reg. Rec. Country Programs Southeast Asia: Cambodia 86 86 Vietnam 112 127* Indochina Reserve 15 15 Subtotal 213 228 Middle East: Egypt 81 -- Israel 3 : Jordan 20 -- Syria 20 -- Subtotal 124 124 Traditional Recipients: Chile 65 65 Korea 150 -- Pakistan 28 28 Subtotal 243 93 Asian Subcontinent: Bangladesh 111 111 India 138 138 Sri Lanka 18 18 Subtotal 267 267 Other Countries and Reserve Other Countries 24 24 Worldwide Reserve 50 50 TOTAL TITLE I COMMODITIES: 921 662 Title II Donations 326 283 TOTAL COMMODITIES 1247 945 Freight costs 180 151 Deduct: Receipts 118'43 246 235 PUBLIC LAW 480 - TOTAL 1181 861 * The larger figure in the ONBARed for Cambodia reflects a shift of commodities from Title II to Title I. The total level of commodities for Cambodia remains the same in both options. FORD LIBRARY TAB B REMORANDUM 6139 THE WHITE HOUSE WASHINGTON SECRET ACTION December 20, 1974 MEMORANDUM FOR: THE PRESIDENT FROM: HENRY A. KISSINGER SUBJECT: FY 1976 PL-480 Levels In reviewing the alternative proposals for PL-480 in FY 1976, $1.18 billion (roughly 6. 2 million tons) vs. $861 million (roughly 4.7 million tons), you inquired if the choice of the former would have any price effects; you were told that it would. However, it is our judgment that these effects are likely to be so small as to be insignificant. The difference between the two options -- 1.5 million tons of grain -- is less than one percent of this year's grain production. Next year it is anticipated that the crop will be better. The high option figure is approximately three percent of total production -- again a very small post compared to domestic use and commercial expert demand. While there are now sensitivities about the food price effect of PL-480, these result primarily from our having just come through a very tight year. This tightness is due, not to a larger PL-480 program, but to poor weather which took away significant quantities of wheat and corn. If, indeed, next year's crop proves to be as large as expected, sensitivities :! PL-480 exports will be far less than they are today. A decision in favor of the higher levels of PL-480 will be strongly supportive of our international interests and be welcomed by a strong domestic constituency as well. The constructive position of the U.S. at the World Food Conference placed us in an international leadership role on the world food situation. Providing adequate amounts of food aid is necessary, in its own right, to maintain the momentum of our initiatives. More broadly, it strengthens our ability to secure inter- mational cooperation in the development of an international food reserve program, multilateral responsibility for financing food aid and for assisting the agricultural efforts of developing countries, and greater planning and cooperation among food exporters. In rebuilding the SECRET & FORD DECLASSIFIED E.O. 12356, Sec. 3.4 (b) VIVESO White House Guide Lines, Feb. 24, 1983 By AND NARS, Date 6/27/85 SECRET 2 international economic order and the community of interests needed to deal with the energy situation, a forthcoming position of PL-480 will be essential. In short, the PL-480 program has an extremely synergistic effect abroad reaping us benefits far out of proportion to its very small significance on domestic grain prices or its budget impact. Domestically, a large food aid program would be extremely well re- ceived by the many groups who support a humanitarian position in dealing with the food situation -- Hatfield, Humphrey, Father Hesburgh, and the many religious and civic groups who have written you on this issue. The farm organizations would also welcome a substantial pro- gram. There is, in my view, a wealth of sympathy for increased American food aid to the poorer nations. While the present crop situation has limited the amount of our FY 1975 food aid, FY 1976 provides an opportunity to provide higher levels. The OMB recommendation of $861 million would allow a somewhat larger quantity of food aid in FY 1976 than is contemplated in FY 1975 -- assuming grain prices decline next year as a result of the expected good crop. However, the OMB figure would be interpreted as a decline in U.S. food aid because of its significantly lower dollar value compared to the FY 1975 program. It could be subject to the charge that we had withdrawn from our pledge to do everything possible to increase our food aid program, and would certainly be a strong disappointment to those who favor an increase. In light of the above, I recommend that you reconsider your PL-480 decision and that you choose the high option of $1. 18 billion (6.2 million tons). I strongly believe this will put you in a favorable leadership position in responding to the growing food needs abroad which are increasingly the subject of public and Congressional interest. SECRET LIBRARY U.S. Army Corps of Engineers - New Issues Summary: Your initial 1976 budget decisions provided all that the Corps requested for construction and maintenance, and added funds above their request for construction. Four new issues have arisen this week: Outlays 1975 1976 1. Whether to increase 1975 outlay ceiling because of faster +125 - - than expected progress in construction 2. Whether to add funds for harbor dredging because of dredging cost increases +40 +60 3. Whether to request a 1975 supplemental request for flood damage repair +30 -- 4. Selection of new 1976 construction starts -- Total increment, +195 +60 Outlays $M 1975 1976 OMB recommendations are: 1 Base outlay ceiling - increases as needed +125 Dredging - Request appropriation transfer authority in 1975, and increased budget request for 1976 -- +50 3 -- ? "Flood emergency" supplemental - deny and increase 1976 Budget Authority 4. New Starts - limited 1976 program NA (1) Base outlays 1771 1935 Total-Corps of Engineers 1896 1985 LIBRARY OFC# 2 Background and Discussion Current budget decisions provide the following: Outlays ($M) 1974 1975 1976 Construction 1,111 1,190 1/ 1,354 Maintenance Dredging 208 208 212 All Other 338 372 369 Total 1,657 1,771 1,935 Issue #1 - 1975 outlays - $125 M In September, you decided to defer enough excess in 1975 appropriations to hold 1975 outlays to $1,771 M total as part of your budget restraint package. Congress accepted the deferral program. Corps outlays are now $63 M above plan for this time of year and, our analysis indicates, they will exceed target by $125 M in 1975 because: -Better than expected weather has allowed faster construction than planned. -Several projects held up by lawsuit or lack of local cooperation are now able to move ahead. -Cost increases have increased bid prices above expectations. Because the funds have already been appropriated and the Impoundment Control Act of 1974 virtually eliminates our ability to slow this program down for fiscal reasons without taking deferral action, alternatives are: 1. Increase the 1975 outlay target by $125 M. 2. Prepare a second deferral package of about $125 M of projects for trans- mission to Congress. Recommendation: Because we do not believe another deferral package that would adversely affect construc- tion employment is practical, we recommend alternative 1 - increasing the outlay ceiling by $125 M. 1/ Remainder after $42 M in outlays deferred in budget constraint plan 3 Issue # 2 Dredging The cost of dredging channels and harbors has risen drastically because of environ- mental costs, inflation, and costs of energy. A just-completed review of the Corps rivers and harbor channel maintenance dredging program has established that limiting dredging operations to the amounts appropriated in 1975 plus that now budgeted for 1976 will result in an unmanageable program and political problems. The Corps has developed a plan that would keep major harbors, channels and waterways in operation, and concentrate adverse effects in less economically important channels. However, their efforts have stimulated port authorities and shippers to press their Congressional delegations to provide additional funds for Corps dredging, specifically for their channels. Our review indicates that the problem will become severe in the last quarter of FY 1975 and critical in 1976 at currently budgeted levels. Alternatives are: 1975 1976 1. No increases No increases 2. Request authority to 11 Add $50 M to dredging transfer funds from (a) from amounts budgeted for construction to meet construction critical needs (b) add to total 3. $20 M supplemental Add $50 M for dredging Recommendation: We recommend alternative 2b, based on our understanding with the Corps that both the program and political problems are manageable by that approach. Alternative 2a is a fallback, but would reduce construction contract employment below 1975 levels, and disrupt construction schedules. Issue #3 - Emergency Flood- Supplemental - $30 M This request was received 12-18. It is said to be for repair of damage to Corps - built flood works in the Lower Mississippi. It has had only minimal review. Some of the repair work has already been completed with funds borrowed from other accounts and funds for this work have been included in the outlay change cited above. The funds to reimburse borrowed funds need not be replaced at this time because the Corps has sufficient planned unobligated balances to complete repairs and carry on its program in FY 1975. The Emergency Flood Control account is required by law to replenish borrowed funds. This will increase Budget Authority in 1976, but will not affect planned outlays in either year. Recommendation: We recommend that this supplemental be denied and that appropriations to replenish the borrowed funds be provided in the 1976 budget. Issue # 4 - New Starts Since our meeting on water resources construction programs, the Corps of Engineers has provided us with a list of 36 potential new construction starts ($788 million total cost) and 57 potential Advanced Engineering and Design starts ($1, 442 million total cost). The Tennessee Valley Authority has proposed 3 new construction starts ($90 million total cost). The FY 1976 costs of these new starts would be minor, but the the effect on future budgets would be substantial. The rationale for allowing some new starts is based on our probable inability to hold to a "no new starts" posture through the appropriations process. President Eisenhower proposed a "no new starts" budget for FY 1960; his recommendations were strongly opposed by the Congress who added funds for new starts, and his veto of the Public Works Appropriations Bill was overridden. After reviewing each of the projects on the list, we are proposing that 6 new construction and 14 new AE and D projects be included in the 1976 budget for the Corps of Engineers. We placed priority on urban flood control, municipal water supply, commercial navigation and power projects which had high benefit/cost ratios and no local or environmental problems. None of the three new construction starts proposed by the Tennessee Valley Authority is recommended as all three rank lower than ongoing projects under TVA's own priority ranking. Data on the potential new starts are provided in the attached tables. Tab A - construction and AE and D projects recommended for inclusion in the budget Tab B - Other potential Corps of Engineers new starts Tab C - TVA's requested new starts FORD LIBRARY TAB T A FORD LIBRARY CORPS 0. ENGINEERS Projects Available for Construction in FY 1974 OMB Proposed Program Total Estimated Congressional State and Project Purpose Eenefit-Cost Ratio Federal Cost Interest Auth. @5 7/8% (in millions) Alaska Hoonah Harbor Fishing 1.6 1.6 6.0 Stevens (R) Gravel (D) Nav. Young (R Al) Metlakatla Fishing 1.5 1.5 3.5 Stevens (R) Gravel (D) Harbor Nav. Young (R A1) Iowa Occume Flood 1.4 1.4 .1 Clark (D) Culver (D) Control Smith (D-4) innesota Rice River- Flood 5.7 3.8 2.5 Humphrey (D) Mondale (D) Souch Branch Control Bergland (D-7) and Felton Ditch Montana Libby Additional Peaking 2.3 2.3 102.0 Metcalf (D) Mansfield (D Units and Re- Power Baucus (D-1) gulating Dam Ohio Newark Flood 3.2 1.9 2.5 Glenn (D) Taft (R) Control Ashbrook (R-17) Subtotal, Proposed Construction 116.6 CORPS 01 GINEERS Projects Available for Advanced Engineering and Design in FY 1976 OMB Proposed Program Total Estimated Congressional State and Project Purpose Benefit-Cost Ratio Federal Cost Interest Auth. @5 7 18% (in millions) Arkansas Norfolk Lake (Power Mult- 2.6 2.6 20.0 McClellan (D) Bumpers (D) Units 384) Purpose Alexander (D-1) Colorado Arkansas River & Flood 1.05 1.05 72.7 Hart (D) Haskell (D) Tribs. above John Control Evans (D-3) Martin Dam (Phase I) Florida Port Everglades Nav. 2.6 2.6 12.3 Chiles (D) Stone (D) Harbor Rogers (D-11) Burke (R-12 Illinois South Beloit Flood 3.1 .4 Stevenson (D) Percy (R) Control Anderson (R-16) ? Kansas Biver Nav. Nav. 2.2 2.2 4.0 Dole (R) Pearson (R) Lawrence to Mouth Keys (D-2) Winn (R-3) 48817 Massachusetts North Nashua Flood 1.6 1.1 1.6 Kennedy (D) Brooke (R) River Control Early (D-3) Projects Available for Advanced Engineering and D in in FY 1976 (Cen'd) OMB Propos rogram Total Estimated Congressional State and Project Purpose Benefit-Cost Ratio Federal Cost Interest Auth. @5 7/8% (in millions) Minnesota Knife River Harbor Com. 2.0 2.0 .8 Humphrey (D) Mondale (D) Nav. Oberstar (D-8) Mississippi Bowie Creek Lake Flood 1.9 1.9 46.5 Stennis (D) Eastland (D) Control Lott (R-5) Nontana Billings (West Flood 3.4 2.5 2.2 Mansfield (D) Metcalf (D) Unit) Control Melcher (D-2) Oklahoma Fort Gibson Multi- 2.6 1.44 10.2 Bartlett (R) Bellman (R) (Power Units purpose Risenhoover (D-2) 5&6) Pennsylvannia Pottstown Flood 2.7 2.7 2.8 Scott (R) Schweiker (R) Control Schulze (R-5) Texas Alpine, Pecos Rvr. Flood 1.3 1.3 4.9 Tower (R) Bentsen (D) Control White (D-16) Big Spring Flood 1.4 1.3 2.5 Tower (R) Bentsen (D) Control Burlison (D-17) GIWW, Relocation Nav. 1.8 1.2 1.0 Tower (R) Bentsen (D) in Matagorda Bay Young (D-14) Subtotal, Proposed AE&D 181.9 Total, Proposed Const. 298.5 & AE&D TAB B FORD LIBRARY is CORPS OF NEERS Other Projects Available for Construction in FY 1976 Total Estimated Congressional State and Project Purpose Benefit-Cost Ratio Federal Cost Interest Auth. @5 7/8% (in millions) Atkansas Bell Foley Lake Flood 1.7 1.16 49.0 Bumpers (D) McClellan (D) Control Alexander (D-1) Lower White River, Flood 1.3 .89 17.8 Bumpers (D) McClellan (D) Big Creek&Tribs Control Alexander (D-1) California Lakeport Lake Water 1.4 .81 22.2 Cranston (D) Tunney (D) Supply Leggett (D-4) Delaware Dolaware Coast Hurricane 2.0 1.2 13.7 Biden (D) Roth (R) protection protection Dupont (R AL) Florida Dade County Beach 5.6 3.5 35.0 Chiles (D) Stone (D) erosion Pepper (D-14) Burke (R-1 Duval County Beach 2.2 1.6 11.2 Chiles (D) Stone (D) erosion Bennett (D-3) Chappell (D-4 Illinois Fulton Flood 1.8 .95 7.6 Stevenson (D) Percy (R) Control Railsback (R-19) McGee Creek Dam Flood 1.2 .68 10.2 Stevenson (D) Percy (R) Control Anderson (R-15) Findley (R-20) 2 Other Projects Available for Construction in FY 1976 (Con'd Total Estimated. Congressional State and Project Purpose Benefit-Cost Ratio Federal Cost Interest Auth. @5 7/8% (in millions) lows Big Sioux River at Flood 2.1 1.1 5.6 Clark (D) Culver (D) Sioux City (SD) Control McGovern (D) Abourezk ( Harkin (D-5,Ia) Pressler (R-1,SD) Missouri River Flood 1.3 .53 11.2 Clark (D) Culver (D) Levee, L-246 Control Mezvinsky (D-1) Blouin (D-2 Kansas Onaga Lake Flood 2.1 1.13 53.2 Dole (R) Pearson (R) Control Keys (D-2) Port Scott Flood 1.1 .71 38.2 Dole (R) Pearson (R) Control Skubitz (R-5) Kentucky Kehoe Lake Flood 1.4 1.2 30.5 Ford (D) Huddleston (D) Control Perkins (D-7) Louisiana GERALD Teche- Water 1.3 1.3 11.7 Long (D) Johnston (D) R. Vermilion Quality Long (D-8) Treen (R-3) Basins Breaux (D7) LIBRARY FORD Massachusetts Saxonville 1.7 1.06 3.8 Kennedy (D) Brooke (R) Flood Control Early (D-3) 3 Other Projects Available 1.. Construction in FY 1976 (Con'd) Total Estimated Congressional State and Project Purpose Benefit-Cost Ratio Federal Cost Interest Auth. @5 7/8% (in millions) Michigan Tawas Bay Harbor Small 2.3 1.5 1.1 Hart (D) Griffin (R) Boat Ruppe (R-11) Harbor Cedar River Small 1.6 1.13 1.1 Hart (D) Griffin (R) Harbor Boat Ruppe (R-11) Harbor Missouri Union Lake Flood 1.3 .86 49.1 Eagleton (D) Control Symington (D) Ichord (D-8) Little Blue Flood 1.7 .93 82.9 Eagleton (D) River Lakes Control Symington (D) Bolling (D-5) Ohio Huron Harbor Nav. 3.0 2.1 5.7 Glenn (D) Taft (R) Kindness (R-8) Oklahoma Candy Lake Flood 1.6 1.1 15.8 Bellmon (R) Bartlett (R. Control Jones (D-1) Risenhoove: (D-2) Shidler Lake Flood 1.5 1.06 16.5 Bellmon (R) Bartlett (R Jones (D-1) Risenhoove Control (D-2) Other Projects Available for struction in FY 1976 (Con'd) Total Estimated Congressional State and Project Purpose Benefit-Cost Ratio Federal Cost Interest Auth. @5 7/8% (in millions) Oregon Applegate Lake Flood 1.4 .69 50.2 Packwood (R) Hatfield (R) Control Ullman (D-2) Coos Bay Nav. 1.4 1.4 14.4 Packwood (R) Hatfield (R) Ullman (D-2) Weaver (D-4) rennsvlvannia Trexler Lake Flood 1.5 1.1 28.5 Scott (R) Schweiker (R) Control Yatron (D-6) Edgar (D-7) Biester (R-8) Shuster Flood (D-11) (R-9) Coughlin (R-13) Eshelman (R-16) Schneebeli (R-17) Goodling (R-19) Dent Morgan (D-22) (D-21) Myers (R-25) 25) Texas Aquilla Lake Flood 1.8 1.07 30.9 Tower (R) Benstan (D) Control Wright (D12) Teague (D-6) Poage (D-11) Brazos Island Nav. 1.3 .78 11.8 Tower (R) Bensten (D) GERALD De LaGarza (D-15) Corpus Christi Beach 2.2 2.2 1.1 Tower (R) Bensten (D) LIGHTS FORD Teach Erosion Young (D-14) Other Projects Available for Lonstruction in FY 1976. (Con'd) Total Estimated Congressional State and Project Purpose Benefit-Cost Ratio Federal Cost Interest Auth. @5 7/8% (in millions) Washington Zintel Canyon Flood 1.6 1.6 3.5 Magnuson (D) Jackson (D) Control McCormack (D-4) Utah Little Dell Lake Water 1.08 1.6 38.3 Moss (D) Garn (R) Supply Howe (D-2) McKay (D-1) Subtotal, other available construction 671.8 CORPS OF ...CINEERS Other Projects Available for Advance Engineering and Design Total Estimated Congressional State and Project Purpose Benefit-Cost Ratio Federal Cost Interest Auth. @5 7/8% (in millions) Arizona Gila and Salt Flood 2.3 2.3 2.6 Fannin (R) Goldwater (R) Rivers, Cillespie Control Rhodes (R-1) Dam to McDowell Demsite Arkansas Posten Bayou Flood 1.6 1.6 2.7 McClellan (D) Bumpers C Control Thornton (D-4) California Cottonwood Creek Flood 1.4 1.14 225.0 Tunney (D) Cranston (b) Control Johnson (D-1) San Luis Ray River Flood 1.3 1.3 11.8 Tunney (D) Cranston (D) Control McCloskey (R-12) Goleta and Vicinity Flood 1.6 1.6 20.8 Tunney (D) Cranston (D) Control Mineta (D-13) San Diego, Sunset Beach 1.7 1.3 1.2 Tunney (D) Cranston (D) Cliffs Erosion Hinshaw (R-40) Wilson GERALD Van Deerlin (D-42) (R-- Fibrida LIBRARY FOOD Lucie Inlet Beach 1.8 1.8 4.3 Chiles (D) Stone (D) Erosion Rogers (D-11) Bafalis (R-10) 2 CORPS OF NEERS Other Projects Available for A. ance Engineering and Design (Con'd) Total Estimated Congressional State and Project Purpose Benefit-Cost Ratio Federal Cost Interest Auth. @5 7 / 8% (in millions) Georgia Curry Creek Lake Water 1.1 1.1 28.2 Nunn (D) Talmadge (D) Supply McDonald (D-7) Landrum (D-9) Idaho Placer Creek Flood 1.15 1.15 2.7 McClure (R) Church (D) Control Symms (R-1) Illinois Farmers Levee and Flood 1.3 .87 2.1 Stevenson (D) Percy (R) Drainage District Control Michel (R-18) Fort Chartres & Flood 1.2 1.2 3.8 Stevenson (D) Percy (R) Ivy Landing Control Simon (D-24) Drainage District #5 & Stringtown #4 Eldred & Spankey Flood 2.6 1.4 6.3 Stevenson (D) Percy (R) Drainage & Levee Dist. Control Findley (R-20) Nutwood Drainage Flood 2.5 1.4 4.6 Stevenson (D) Percy (R) & Levee Dist Control Findley (R-20) Rock River (Area Flood 1.4 1.4 4.5 Stevenson (D) Percy (R) #1) Control Anderson (R-16) Hillview Drainage Flood 1.6 .85 5.9 Stevenson (D) Percy (R) & Levee Dist. Control Findley (R-20) 3 CORPS OF ENGINEERS Other Projects Available for Advance Engineering and Design (Con'd) Total Estimated Congressional State and Project Purpose Benefit-Cost Ratio Federal Cost Interest Auth. @5 7/8% (in millions) Kanses Douglass Lake Flood 1.0 .75 38.4 Dole (R) Pearson (R) Control Skubitz (R-5) Tawanda Lake Flood 1.12 .82 45.3 Dole (R) Pearson (R) Control Skubitz (R-5) Louisiana Red Niver Nav. 1.1 .73 100.0 Texas, Arkansas, Waterway Louisiana Delegations Narvland Sixes Bridge Lake Water 1.5 1.5 37.3 Mathias (R) Beal (R) (Phase 1) Supply Scott (R) Byrd (I) D.C. Area Congressmen Baltimore Harbor Nav. 2.4 2.4 145.5 Mathias (R) Beal (R) Long (D-2) Sarbanes (D-3 Holt (R-4) Mitchell (D-: Massachusetts Natasket Beach Beach 2.5 2.5 1.6 Kennedy (D) Brooke (R) Erosion Studds (D-12) CORPS OF INGINEERS Other Projects Available for Advance Engineering and Design (Con'd) Total Estimated Congressional State and Project Purpose Benefit-Cost Ratio Federal Cost Interest Auth. @5 7/8% (in millions) Michigan Cross Village Rec. 1.16 .78 1.6 Griffin (R) Hart (D) Harbor Nav. Ruppe (R-11) Minnesota East Grand Forks Flood 1.90 .97 5.8 Mondale (D) Humphrey (D) Control Bergland (D7) Lock & Dam #3 Nav. NA 2.0 Mondale (D) Humphrey (D) Quie (R-1) Mississippi Yazoo River Nav. 1.9 1.2 114.0 Stennis (D) Eastland (D) Whitten (D-1) Bowen (D-- Montgomery (D-3) Cochre (R-4) Missouri Prosperity Lake Flood 1.10 1.10 26.8 Symington (D) Eagleton (Phase 1) Control Taylor (R-7) (D) Pine Ford Lake Flood 1.7 1.01 64.7 Symington (D) Eagleton Control Hungate (D-9) (D) Ichord (D-8) Locks & Dams Nav. NA 6.6 Symington (D) Eagleton 24&25 Hungate (D-9) (D) CORPS OF ENGINEERS Other Projects Available for Advance Engineering and Design (Con'd) Total Estimated Congressional State and Project Purpose Benefit-Cost Ratio Federal Cost Interest Auth. @5 7 18% (in millions) Irondale Lake Flood 1.3 .89 32.7 Symington (D) Eagleton (D Control Ichord (D-8) I-38 Lake Flood 1.2 .80 14.4 Symington (D) Eagleton (D) Control Ichord (D8) New: Mexico Rio Grand Flood- way Fld. 1.0 .67 10.0 Montoya (D) Dominici (R) Control Runnels (D2) New York Port Ontario Rec. 1.2 -- 3.5 Javits (R) Buckley (-C) Harbor Nav. McEwen (R-30) North Dakota Kindred Lake Wat. 1.13 1.13 35.2 Young (R) Burdick (D) Qual. Andrews (R1) Ohio Geneva-on-the Rec. 1.60 1.60 1.1 Glenn (D) Taft (R) Lake Nav. Stanton (R11) Oklahoma Sand Lake Fld. 1.80 1.3 13.0 Bellmon (R) Bartlett (3 Cont. Jones (D1) Albert (D 3 6 CORPS OF INEERS Other Projects Available for Advance Engineering and Design (Con'd) Total Estimated Benefit-Cost Ratio Federal Cost Congressional State and Project Purpose Auth. @5 7/8% (in millions) Interest Oklahoma (Con'd) Tuskahoma Lake Fld. 1.09 .91 40.5 Bellmon (R) Bartlett (R) Cont. Albert (D3) Boswell Lake Fld. 1.0 .68 100.0 Bellmon (R) Bartlett (: Cont. Albert (D3) Pennsylvania Elk Creek Harbor Rec. 1.4 1.0 1.9 Scott (R) Schweiker (R) Nav. Vigorito (D24) Tamaqua Fld. 1.06 1.06 3.8 Scott (R) Schweiker (R Cont. Eshleman (R16) Rhode Island Bristol Harbor Rec. 1.3 .96 2.4 Pastore (D) Pell (D) Nav. St. Germain (D1) Texas Plainview Fld. 1.05 1.01 5.8 Tower (R) Bentsen (D) Cont. Mahon (D19) Clopton Fld. Tower (R) Bentsen (D) Crossing (Phl) Cont. 1.4 1.4 59.7 Pickle (D10) Krueger (D Kazen (D23) R. LEARY 100ml CORPS OF ENGI RS Other Projects Available for Advance Engineering and Design (Con'd) Total Estimated Benefit-Cost Ratio Federal Cost Congressional State and Project Purpose Auth. @5 7/8% (in millions) Interest Virginia Virginia Beach Hur. Byrd (I) Scott (R) Prot. 1.6 1.6 20.0 Whitehurst (R2) Subtotal, other available AE&D 1260.1 Total, other available construction and AE&D 1931.9 Grand total, proposed and other projects 2230.4 TENNESSEE VALLEY AUTHORITY Other Projects Available for Construction in FY 76 Total Estimated Congressional State and Project Purpose Benefit-Cost Ratio Federal Cost Interest Auth. @5 7/8% (in millions) Senator Baker (R) Tennessee Senator Brock (R) New Lock at Pick- Nav, 5.9 5.9 81.0 Beard (R-6, Tenn.) wick Landing Dam South Chickamauga Flood 1.2 1.2 9.2 Duncan (R-2, Tenn) Creek Control Poor Valley Creek Rec. NA NA 0.8 Quillen (R-1, Tenn) Project Total, TVA request 90.0 SERALD R. LIBRARY 2383 GERALD R. FORD LIBRARY This form marks the file location of item number 1g-1h as listed on the pink form (GSA Form 7122, Withdrawal Sheet) at the front of the folder. State THE WHITE HOUSE WASHINGTON MEMORANDUM FOR: THE PRESIDENT FROM: Roy L. Ash SUBJECT: State Department 1976 Budget Appeal The State Department has appealed $28.6 million from your 1976 allowance of $909 million. Three issues have been identified for your consideration. I. Employment levels The Department requests 124 of the 332 new positions it originally sought. Seventy-two of these are for possible new diplomatic missions abroad. After reducing employment by 16% since 1967, the Department believes it can no longer meet new requirements by transferring personnel from low priority activities. OMB recommends that you continue the policy followed in recent budgets of requiring the Department to meet new needs by reprogramming within its authorized total employ- ment of 24,489. Experience shows that many projected new diplomatic missions do not open as planned, and that the closing of others and the termination of special negotia- tions and other activities release personnel for new functions. The Department traditionally has tried to avoid the necessary difficult management decisions that some reprogrammings require, out we believe that denial of the appeal will have the baneficial effect of forcing the Department to sort out its priorities and improve the management of its key resource--personnel. Departing from the current policy of no new positions will tend to encourage requests from the Department's bureaucracy to meet each new requirement, with little attention to low priority activities which might be reduced. GESALD 2 Decision: Reaffirm no personnel increase policy (OMB rec.) Allow 124 positions and $1.8 million (agency appeal) allow II. Logistical support Your initial allowance already provides $11 million for discretionary increases in non-salary costs, almost three times the amount included in the 1975 budget. However, after reviewing the Department's appeal, OMB believes it would be better to provide some additional logistical support to improve Department operation, than to allow additional personnel. Initial State OMB Allowance Appeal Recom. (S in millions) Non-salary costs of new diplomatic installations: Full amount not recommended because experience indicates not all projected post openings will occur 2.0 +3.0 +2.0 Communications: Appeal requests high-speed telegraph equipment for 14 small embassies with low traffic volume, a portable satellite communication system for the Secretary while travel- ing, and general equipment up- grading. $3.0 could be restored to allow the Department to select the highest priority 0.8 +6.7 +3.0 Expenses of joint cooperation commissions being established by the Secretary, especially in the Middle East 0.5 +0.9 +0.9 Improved charter air and truck services to isolated African posts - 40.4 +0.4 Other discretionary increases 7.3 - - Total discretionary increases 10.6 411.0 +6.3 3 Decision: Reaffirm original allowance Restore $6.3 million, to be distributed by the Department to the highest priorities as it assesses them (OMB rec.) AR7 Allow full appeal of $11.1 million (Agency appeal) III. Exchange of persons The Department, on appeal from your initial decision of $58 million, seeks $74 million, which is $21 million higher than the 1975 appropriation of $53 million. This increase reflects the Department's intent to begin a sharp and sus- tained broadening and expansion of the program over the next five years to the $135 million level by 1980. We recommend $60 million which would cover mandatory cost increases, some bicentennial activities and a modest program expansion. Management limitations make an increase to anything above $65 million not advisable. The Department might reluctantly accept a decision of $65 million, but such an increase would be more liberal than budget requests of recent years. 1976 BA OL Agency original request 79 70 Presidential allowance 58 55 Agency appeal 74 63 OMB recommendation 60 56 Compromise alternative 65 59 Decision: Reaffirm initial decision ($58 million) Grant agency appeal ($74 million) Approve OMB recommendation ($60 million) Approve compromise alternative ($65 million) AR7 December 19, 1974 The attached appeal memorandum from Deputy Secretary Ingersoll, and the tables accompanying it, are inadvertently incorrect, in referring to a budget allowance of $937 million. The President's decision on State's budget totalled $909 million. The $28 million difference is composed of (a) $13 million for Soviet Jewish refugees not going to Israel, which the President disallowed and which instead will be handled by a legislative increase in the authority to transfer funds from AID to State for that purpose and (b) $15 million for appropriation of Japanese yen for U.S. -Japan exchanges, which has not yet been decided. The Department's alternative appeal -- i.e., allow $937 million but permit State to reallocate the $28 million to other purposes -- is, therefore, not relevant. In any case, a tradeoff between a yen appropriation which does not affect the budget deficit and a dollar appropriation which does is not appropriate. The Department agrees that its memorandum is in error and its alternative appeal is not feasible. The OMB memorandum on the appeal deals with the correct figures. = FORD GERALD LIBRARY Dec. 1974 UNCLASSIFIED MEMORANDUM FOR: THE PRESIDENT From: Robert S. Ingersoll Subject: FY 1976 Budget - Appeal of Budget Allowance The Office of Management and Budget has informed me that you have accepted their recommendations for this Department's level of resources for 1976. Prior to the presentation of their recommendations to you we evaluated their proposals and requested adjust- ment of several of their recommendations to assure that the approved level of\our 1976 budget would provide for the effective conduct of foreign relations next year. It is my understanding that our reactions to the OMB recom- mendations were not presented to you. I am fully cognizant of and support the need for fiscal restraints throughout government at this time. I do believe, however, that a limited increase or, alterna- tively, an adjustment within the approved allowance of $937,447,000 would provide for a more effective Department of State in 1976. There are three areas of concern to us. In our regular operating expenses there is a need for an addi- tional $12.6 million and 119 new positions. These resources are required to permit the establishment or upgrading of our diplomatic presence in Africa, in recognition of the independence of new nations, increase our representation in the Soviet Union and meet consular requirements in Latin America. We also believe we must strengthen our new Bureau of Oceans, Environmental and Scientific Affairs. The cumulative effect of our budget UNCLASSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED - 2 - stringencies and staff reductions during the past years has drastically curtailed our flexibility to obtain these staff resources by reprogramming of current resources. Also included in our operating expenses requirements are funds to improve our communications capabilities particularly in Africa and to be more responsive to the Secretary's communication needs considering the heavy demands for overseas negotiations. Our second area of concern is our need to establish representation to the United Nations Environmental Pro- gram which is headquartered in Nairobi and to strengthen our Mission to the International Atomic Energy Agency in Vienna where we have a major interest in the IAEA safe- guards and energy programs. The adjustment required here is small, $240,000 and 5 positions but because of the limitations inherent in an appropriation of only $8 million these needs cannot be met by internal reprogram- ming. The approval of an increase of $12.8 million to finance the shortages in our regular operating expenses and our Missions to International Organizations activity would resolve the need for improved representation abroad and permit funding of our communications requirements. Alternatively, your approval to reprogram the OMB allowance to use the amount originally approved for the Soviet refugee program ($13 million) for these other purposes would permit us to budget for our estimated priorities without increasing the current allowance. The third area of concern relates to our important educational exchange program. The Office of Management and Budget has recommended a budget level $21 million lower than our request for programs carried out under the Pulbright-Hays Act, which is aimed at strengthening mutual understanding and international cooperation. This strikes a severe blow to an activity Secretary Kissinger and I consider of the highest importance in carrying out our foreign policy objectives. UNCLASSIFIED FORD LIBRERY UNCLASSIFIED - 3 - OMB's recommendation of $58 million (against our $79 million request) places our basic world-wide program at a virtual standstill. This surprisingly low allowance would be most damaging to the Department's ability to carry out coherent programs in response to the Administration's initiatives in the Middle East and Latin America. It would also make it impossible to meet new requirements and opportunities for cultural relations programs with high priority areas, such as the Soviet Union, Eastern Europe, and the People's Republic of China. In addition to the $58 million, OMB has recommended $15 million (from U.S.-owned yen) to be used exclusively for programs with Japan and $800,000 (from U.S.-owned rupees) to construct an American Studies Research Center in India. While we support these additions in principle, they would not in any way contribute to our ability to carry out activities which we consider of even higher priority. I propose, therefore, that you permit us to go to Congress with a request equal to the total figure CMB has recommended under the authority of the Fulbright-Hays Act, $73.8 million, but without the limitation that $15.8 million of this total be expended in our programs with Japan and India. A $73.8 million allowance, although $5.2 million under our request, will enable us to increase substan- tially our programs with Japan and India, and it will also make it possible for us to meet most of our high priority commitments on a gobal basis. Our request is modest measured against what it will buy in promoting the attitudes and institutions essential for improved understanding. This is the kind of program which justifies a substantial increase, both on its merits and as a signal of your Administration's responsiveness to emerging priorities. Recommendation: That you authorize an increase in the .OMB Allowance of $28.6 million (Salaries and Expenses $12.6 million, Missions to International Organizations $.2 million, Mutual Educational and Cultural Exchange $15.8 million) UNCLASSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED - 4 - and 124 positions for the fiscal year 1976 budget of the Department of State. Approve Disapprove ALTERNATIVELY, that you authorize the Department to reprogram the OMB allowance consistent with our estimate of priorities and to increase personnel strength by 124 positions. Approve Disapprove Attachment: Analysis of 1976 requirements and OMB Allowance Drafted: M/FRM/BP:DCE1ler:fb x22077 : 12/17/74 Concurrence: M/FRM - Mr Murray & FORD UNCLASSIFIED LIBRARY DEPARTMENT OF STATE Analysis of 1976 Requirements and OMB Allowance (In thousands of dollars) OMB Dept'l. Appropriation Allowance Appeal Difference Salaries and Expenses $390,660 $403,260 +$12,600 637 (b) 1/ 5,548 5,548 - Pay act supplemental 9,823 9,823 - Total 406,031 418,631 + 12,600 Representation 1,736 1,736 - 637 (b) 1/ 40 40 - Total 1,776 1,776 - Foreign Buildings Program 29,727 29,727 - Pay act supplemental 113 113 - Total 29,840 29,840 - Foreign Buildings Program - Special Foreign Currency 9,785 9,785 - Emergencies in the Diplomatic a Consular Service 2,100 2,100 - Y ent to Foreign Service rement 20,535 20,535 - & uy act supplemental 1,900 1,900 - Total 22,435 22,435 - Contributions to International Organizations 245,610 245,610 - Missions to International Organizations 8,288 8,528 + 240 Pay.. act supplemental 165 165 - Total 8,453 8,693 + 240 International Conferences 7,316 7,316 - 637 (b) 212 212 - Total 7,528 7,528 - Trade Negotiations 2,523 2,523 - Pay act supplemental 73 73 - Total 2,596 2,596 - American Sections, Int'l. & missions 1,507 1,507 - Pay act supplemental 43 43 - Total 1,550 1,550 - OMB Dept 1. Appropriation Allowance Appeal Difference Ternational Fisheries Commissions 4,700 4,700 - Pay act supplemental 30 30 - Total 4,730 4,730 - Mutual Educational and Cultural Exchange 57,440 73,240 +15,800 Pay act supplemental 560 560 - Japan-U.S. exchanges 15,000 - -15,000 India- (Special Foreign Currency) 800 - - 800 Total 73,800 73,800 - East-West Center 9,000 9,000 - Migration and Refugee 10,068 10,068 I Pay act supplemental 32 32 - Subtotal 10,100 10,100 - Soviet Refugees not going to Israel 13,000 - -13,000 Total 23,100 10,100 -13,000 contributions for International D cekeeping: ernational Commission for Control and Supervision in Vietnam 19,800 19,800 I United Nations Force in Cyprus 9,600 9,600 - Permanents, Trust Funds, etc 59,713 59,713 - Total, Department of State (exclusive of IBWC) 937,447 937,287 -160 1/ Administrative and Other Expenses, State, Section 637 (b) to be transfered from the Foreign Assistance Appropriation. EXECUTIVE OFFICE OF THE PRESIDENT OFFICE OF MANAGEMENT AND BUDGET WASHINGTON, D.C. 20503 DEC 23 1974 ACTION MEMORANDUM FOR: THE PRESIDENT FROM: PAUL H. O'NEILL One SUBJECT: Budget Decisions I. BACKGROUND As we mentioned earlier, several 1976 budget issues remain for your decision. This binder outlines issues on which your decision is needed in the next few days. II. RECOMMENDATION That you give us your decision on these issues by Friday, December 27. THE WHITE HOUSE WASHINGTON MEMORANDUM FOR: THE PRESIDENT FROM: ROY ASH SUBJECT: Additional 1976 Budget Issue on Foreign Assistance Since we prepared the original papers for you on foreign assistance budget issues, estimates for military assistance to South Vietnam for both 1975 and 1976 have changed. Attached is an issue paper on that matter to be added to the book you now have entitled "1976 Budget Session with the President -- 12/10/74." Attachment FORGO 1. LIBRARY CONFIDENTIAL FOREIGN ASSISTANCE 1976 Budget Issue#12: Military Assistance to South Vietnam Statement of Issue How much grant military assistance for South Vietnam in 1975, 1976 and Transition Quarter should be requested in the 1976 budget? 1975 1976 T/Q Total Approp. Suppl. Est. Est. Request ($ millions) Alt. #1 (NSC) 700 300 1293 355 2648 Alt. #2 (DOD) 700 - 1293 355 2348 Alt. #3 (OMB) 700 300 1000 250 2250 Background Prior to December 3, there was agreement on the levels for military assistance to South Vietnam - $700 million in 1975, $1000 million for 1976 and $238 million for the transition quarter. It was understood that DOD probably would wish to submit a supplemental request later for $300 million for 1975 if a sizable attack occurs in the coming dry season. Secretary Schlesinger, with Dr. Kissinger's agreement, has now decided to increase his 1976 recommendation to $1,293 million, based on recent field visits by DOD staff (Ambassador Martin's estimate was $1,950 million.). DOD states that the additional $300 million for 1975 and $293 million for 1976 will be required whether or not there is a major enemy attack this spring. DOD is, therefore, prepared to assert now the need for $1,293 million for 1976, as well as an increase of $117 million for the transition quarter (from $238 million to $355 million). However, Secretary Schlesinger does not wish to include a request for the $300 million supplemental for 1975 in the 1976 Budget on the grounds that the chances for securing additional 1975 funds from the Congress are poor at this time but should be more favorable later after the anticipated North Vietnamese offensive. Secretary Schlesinger also recommends that the President indicate in his Budget Message that additional funds will probably be needed in 1975 although they are not being requested now. DECLASSIFIED E,0..12356, Sec. 3.4 (b) White House Guide Lines, Feb. 24, 1983 CONFIDENTIAL By DAW NARS, Date 6/27/85 CONFIDENTIAL™ Alternatives #1. Request $1293 million for 1976 and $355 million for the transition period. Propose a $300 million supplemental for 1975 in the 1976 Budget. #2. Request $1293 million for 1976 and $355 million for the transition period. Make no provision for. a 1975 supplemental except by reference in the Budget Message (DOD rec.). #3. Request $1000 million for 1976 and $250 million for the transition period. Propose a $300 million supplemental in the 1976 Budget (OMB rec.). Analysis The only apparent advantages of a 1976 request of $1293 million would be to signal (1) to the Congress that $700 million annually clearly is not enough to fund the war and (2) to Hanoi our intention to support South Vietnam. This approach, however, risks antagonizing the Congress at a time when the case for an 85% increase might be more difficult to make than later when an offensive is under way. As for the 1975 supplemental, -failure to request the $300 million 1975 supplemental in the Budget could make a 1976 request of $1293 million appear unreasonably high compared to the $700 million appropriated for 1975. Alternative #3 would assert the validity of a $1000 million level for both 1975 and 1976, while leaving open the option to amend the 1976 request upward later if justified by events in South Vietnam. DOD Recommendation: Alternative #2 -- Request $1293 million for 1976 and $355 million for the transition period. Defer the 1975 supplemental. NSC Recommendation: Alternative #1 -- Request $1293 million for 1976 and $355 million for the transition period. Include a $300 million supplemental request for 1975 in the 1976 Budget. OMB Recommendation: Alternative #3 -- Request $1000 million for 1976 and $250 million for the transition period. Include a $300 million supplemental request for 1975 in the 1976 Budget. R. CONFIDENTIAL GERAID FORD MEMORANDUM THE WHITE HOUSE 5968 WASHINGTON CONFIDENTIAL ACTION December 10, 1974 MEMORANDUM FOR: THE PRESIDENT FROM: HENRY A. KISSINGER K SUBJECT: Foreign Assistance Requests for FY 1976 Roy Ash has completed his review of agency proposals for economic and security assistance in the FY 1976 foreign assistance request to Congress. I have a number of reservations about the OMB recommended levels, which in many instances do not fully reflect the foreign policy imperatives which I believe should be served by this vital program. Much of my concern is derived from the basic assumption that MAP grant aid should be terminated at the end of FY 1977. This assumption drives many of the lower funding alternatives proposed by OMB. The State De- partment proposal recommended a phased shift to FMS credit from grant MAP but continuation of most MAP grant programs beyond FY 1977; OMB favors an explicit policy to terminate all regular grant programs after FY 1977 and shift to FMS credit, except where active hostilities or special circumstances warrant grant aid. Grant assistance is an important diplomatic tool for the achievement of our own interests. The U.S. needs it as quid pro quo for political support, use of bases and facilities and, to a limited degree, to strengthen allies with shared national security interests. In many cases the use of MAP provides the only leverage with nations faced with real or potential threats to their security. Elimination of MAP would destroy a valuable instru- ment of foreign policy. Moreover, I do not subscribe to the OMB thesis that by presenting to the Congress a fully programmed phase-out we will buy any real measure of support for what we seek in any given year. If our programs are unsupportable on their merits, we deserve to forfeit Congressional support for them. However, if they are needed and serve our interests, we should present them and should make a maximum effort in their defense. With the exception of the issue of termination of MAP grant assistance and the reduced funding levels associated with that termination, the NSC CONFIDENTIAL GDS 6: FORD DATO,6127185 LIBRAST CONFIDENTIAL - GDS 2 staff and the OMB staff have worked closely together in the preparation of Roy Ash's review. The NSC and the State positions are fairly pre- sented in the paper. The major differences stem from differences in the political necessity and diplomatic value placed on various programs. The NSC positions reflect my personal judgments on what the programs should be, and before considering any reductions I urge that each reduction be weighed in terms of its impact on our security interests. My own judgment is that, with the exception of the two cases indicated below, reductions would pose substantial risks to important security relationships. With regard to development assistance to Indonesia and Morocco, I agree with Roy Ash. His recommendation that the development loans for these two countries ($25 million total) be eliminated is based on an accumulation of foreign exchange earnings of considerable magnitude in both cases. I believe our foreign policy and national security interests can be adequately served with the modest military assistance programs proposed for each. CONFIDENTIAL - GDS