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This file includes material on the Ronald Reagan challenge for the Republican nomination.
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President - Campaign General (3)
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26416135
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President - Campaign General (3)
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This file includes material on the Ronald Reagan challenge for the Republican nomination.
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collections
Philip W. Buchen Files
Philip Buchen's General Subject Files
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Presidential campaign, 1976
Women
Presidential election committees
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The original documents are located in Box 44, folder "President - Campaign General (3)"
of the Philip Buchen Files at the Gerald R. Ford Presidential Library.
Copyright Notice
The copyright law of the United States (Title 17, United States Code) governs the making of
photocopies or other reproductions of copyrighted material. Gerald R. Ford donated to the United
States of America his copyrights in all of his unpublished writings in National Archives collections.
Works prepared by U.S. Government employees as part of their official duties are in the public
domain. The copyrights to materials written by other individuals or organizations are presumed to
remain with them. If you think any of the information displayed in the PDF is subject to a valid
copyright claim, please contact the Gerald R. Ford Presidential Library.
Digitized from Box 44 of the Philip Buchen Files at the Gerald R. Ford Presidential Library
[April 1976?
DELEGATES
To date, the President has an approximate 570 to 135
delegate lead over Ronald Reagan.
Here's the breakdown:
Ford
Reagan
New Hampshire
18
3
Massachusetts
28
15
Vermont
18
3
Florida
43
33
Illinois
90
11
North Carolina
25
28
Puerto Rico
8
0
District of
14
0
Columbia
Wisconsin
45
0
Pennsylvania (projected)
90
13
Ohio (projected)
52
0
New York (projected)
140
14
South Carolina
1
17
OERALD R. FORD LIBRARY
PRIMARY STATES
Primaries Behind Us
New Hampshire
21D
Massachusetts
43D
Vermont
18D
Florida
66D
Illinois
101D
North Carolina
54D
Wisconsin
45D
New York
154D
8 primaries
502
Remaining Primaries
April 27
Pennsylvania
103D
June 1
Montana
20D
103
Rhode Island
19D
South Dakota
20D
May 1
Texas
100D
89
100
June 8
California
167D
May 4
Georgia
48D
Ohio
97D
Alabama
37D
New Jersey
67D
Indiana
54D
Arkansas
27D
139
358
May 11
Nebraska
25D
W. Virginia
28D
53
21 primaries
1,088
May 18
Michigan
84D
Maryland
43D
127
May 25
Kentucky
37D
Idaho
21D
Oregon
30D
Nevada
18D
Tennessee
43D
149
FORD
STATE CONVENTION DATES
April 24
Arizona
29D
South Carolina
36D
30
Maine
20D
May
8
Wyoming
17D
15
Hawaii
19D
Oklahoma
36D
21
Alaska
19D
22
Kansas
34D
June
4
Virginia
51D
5
Louisiana
41D
12
Missouri
49D
18
Iowa
36D
Washington
38D
19
Delaware
17D
24
Minnesota
42D
26
New Mexico
21D
July
8
North Dakota
18D
10
Colorado
31D
16
Utah
20D
Connecticut
35D
Other
Virgin Islands
4D
Guam
4D
Puerto Rico
8D
D. C.
14D
TOTAL
639
FORD
REPORT OF APRIL 9, 1976
News
President Ford Committee
1828 L Street, N.W.
Suite 250
Washington, D.C. 20036
OFFICE OF THE FINANCE CHAIRMAN
RECEIPTS THROUGH APRIL 6, 1976
*
PERCENTAGES REFLECT NINE MATCHING ALLOCATIONS
Private and Confidential
RANK STATE
CHAIRMEN
% of QUOTA
National Quota
100%
*
1.
* ALABAMA
* Bill Acker & *Hall Thompson
139.1
* 2.
x NEW HAMPSHIRE
* Kimon Zachos
119.7
*
3. * ALASKA
* Ed Rasmuson
116.9
* 4. * LOUISIANA
* Ken McWilliams
116.2
*
5.
* GREGON
* Ira Keller & Alan Green
113.5
90%
*
6.
* ARKANSAS
* Chesley Pruet
110.5
* 7.
* FLORIDA
* Bill Staten & * Tom Welstead
107.9
* 8.
* GEORGIA
A Julian LeCraw
105.5
* 9.
* NORTH CAROLINA
* Hugh McColl
102.6
* 10.
*
NEVADA
* Charlie Glover & * R. Schouweiler
100.9
80%
11.
Kansas
Howard Wilkins
96.7
12.
Michigan
Harold McClure
80.6
13.
Oklahoma
Jack Black
77.7
14.
Texas
Trammell Crow
76.9
70%
15.
Wyoming
John Wold & Stanley Hathaway
75.7
16.
Puerto Rico
Jaime Pieras
73.9
17.
Rhode Island
Elwood Leonard
71.7
18.
Idaho
Robert Hansberger
65.9
19.
Illinois
Gaylord Freeman
64.4
20.
New Jersey
Dick Sellars
62.9
60%
Bill Blackburn
60.6
58.1
%
21.
Colorado
22.
Massachusetts
Ted Beal & Anne Witherby
58.8
23.
Tennessee
Guilford Dudley
58.7
24.
Virginia
FitzGerald Bemiss
58.4
25.
New Mexico
Tom Bolack
57.9
26.
California
Ed Carter
57.4
50%
27.
Wisconsin
Bill Messinger
57.2
28.
Missouri
Don Wolfsberger
54.7
29.
Arizona
Wayne Legg
53.9
30.
Connecticut
Archie McCardell
52.6
31.
Maryland
Lyn Meyerhoff
51.1
40%
32.
Nebraska
David Tews
48.7
33.
Vermont
-
47.1
34.
Hawaii
Hung Wai Ching
46.8
35.
Minnesota
Don Dayton
43.2
36.
North Dakota
Marilyn Westlie
42.9
37.
District of Columbia
Bill FitzGerald
40.3
30%
38.
Kentucky
Joe Johnson
38.7
39.
Pennsylvania
H. Haskell, E. Hillman, & J. Ware
37.6
40.
Ohio
Bill Keating
36.3
41.
Iowa
Crawford Hubbell
36.2
42.
New York
-
36.2
FORD
43.
Washington
H. Halvorson & Henry Bacon
34.6
is
20%
44.
West Virginia
-
34.1
45.
Mississippi
Charles Sewell
32.6
46.
Indiana
John Fisher & Louis Weil
32.2
076830
47.
Delaware
-
29.5
48.
South Carolina
-
28.1
10%
49.
Maine
-
27.1
50
Utah
Gilbert Shelton
26.2
51.
Montana
-
26.1
52.
South Dakota
V1 Stoia
21.8
GERALD R. FORD
WASHINGTON
April 23, 1976
Mrs. Philip Buchen
1200 16th St Nw
Washington, D. C. 20036
Dear Mrs. Buchen:
In the past, you have generously supported the
Republican Party and its candidates for office. Today,
I am writing to ask for your support for my own campaign.
Let me try to set forth what I believe can be accom-
plished with your help and that of other concerned
Americans. As I see it, our country 20 months ago began
an experience that was unique in the history of our de-
mocracy: we transferred the reins of the highest office
in the land to a man chosen for that office under the
25th Amendment to the Constitution.
The country was facing one of its sternest tests.
Bitterness, rancor and distrust festered in the body
politic. The longest, most divisive war in our history
was winding toward an unhappy conclusion, and many feared
that the end of an external war would mean the beginning
of an internal war of recriminations. And finally, our
economy was afflicted with the disease of inflation --
inflation so serious that it would ultimately drive us
into the worst recession in a generation. Clearly, there
were great challenges both for me and for the Nation.
I have tried during these months to give my very
best to the American people and to the causes which we
hold dear as a Nation. I lay no claim to perfection;
much remains to be done. But the hemorrhaging has been
stopped, and the process of healing has begun. Our spir-
itual and economic health is returning.
The moment has now come, I believe, when we can be-
gin to look ahead once again -- to envision the America
we would like to see during our third century as a
Nation and to formulate concrete programs that will make
our dreams come true. Our Bicentennial should be more
1.
FORD
than a year of brass bands and birthday banners; it
should be a year when we choose a fresh, positive course
for ourselves and for our children.
LIBRARY
"A copy of our report is filed with the Federal Election Commission and is available for purchase from the Federal Election Commission, Washington, D.C."
Absolutely no taxpayers' funds have been used in the preparation or mailing of this correspondence.
- 2 -
As President, I want to build upon the progress of the
past by charting and guiding the Nation toward a brighter
future. I am pledged first and foremost to bringing a
renaissance of the individual in our society. I want to
reverse the flow of power to centralized government and to
give people more power over their own lives. I am con-
vinced that personal satisfaction and happiness can only be
achieved in America when individual citizens have the free-
dom and the ability to determine their own destinies. I am
also pledged to strengthening the spiritual and moral values
in our country. We have to restore a greater sense of
meaning to our lives. Finally, I am pledged to keeping
America strong in the world -- strong in its economy, strong
in its military power, strong in its commitment to liberty.
Freedom is endangered across the globe; now, even more than
in Lincoln's day, America is truly "the last, best hope of
earth."
Since the beginning of the year, I have set forth many
concrete proposals to start us down this road. I have asked
that we cut both taxes and Federal spending. I have pressed
once again for stronger legislation to promote energy inde-
pendence. I have advocated reductions in governmental regu-
lation. I have sought to create new jobs and reduce inflation
through a variety of steps, including greater capital forma-
tion. I have sought changes in the structure of government
so that the government is more effective, more honest, and
more responsive to the needs of the American people.
This is a positive, substantive agenda, but let us always
recognize a singular truth: policy pronouncements can only be
translated into reality when they have the active support of
the American people. That is why I am turning to you for help
-- financial help that is needed to make my campaign a success
and to set the country on a better course for the future. I
hope that you will join me.
I believe in America and I believe that when Americans
work together, there is almost nothing we cannot accomplish.
Let this be the year when we rekindle the Spirit of 176, and
let us work together to make the Bicentennial a fitting cele-
bration for America.
Herald Sincerely, R. Ford
Gerald R. Ford
THE WHITE HOUSE
WASHINGTON
May 6, 1976
MEMORANDUM FOR:
PHILIP W. BUCHEN
DPB
FROM:
DOUGLAS P. BENNETT
Per our earlier conversation, the following is a list (resumes
attached) of full-time Presidential appointees from Nebraska.
In the case of Robert Barnett, Chairman of the Federal Deposit
Insurance Corporation, his legal address is no longer Nebraska
but he comes from an old-time Republican family in that State
and was strongly advocated for this position by Senator Curtis.
If you need more information, just call me.
(1) Robert E. Barnett - Chairman, Federal Deposit
Insurance Corporation
(2) Virginia Y. Trotter - Assistant Secretary for
Education, HEW
(3) Clayton Yeutter - Deputy Special Trade Representative
(4) Norbert T. Tiemann - Administrator of Federal Highway
Administration, Department of Transportation
(5) Maurice H. Sigler - Chairman of Board of Parole,
Department of Justice
(6) Warren C. Wood, Jr. - Federal Co-Chairman of the
Old West Regional Commission
STATE FORD
FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE
March 8, 1976
Office of the White House Press Secretary
THE WHITE HOUSE
The President today announced his intention to nominate Robert E. Barnett,
of the District of Columbia, to be a member of the Board of Directors of
the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation for a term of six years. He
will succeed Frank Wille whose term is expiring. Mr. Barnett has been
Deputy to the Chairman of the Corporation since December, 1970.
Born on December 4, 1935, in Lincoln, Nebraska, Mr. Barnett received
his B.A. degree from Harvard College in 1957. He received his LL. B.
from Harvard Law School in 1962.
In 1962, Mr. Barnett joined the law firm of Sullivan &- Cromwell, in New York
During 1966-67, he was Counsel for Bankers Life Insurance Company of
Nebraska. He was appointed Counsel to the Governor of the State of Nebraska
in January, 1967. He was Executive Director of the Nebraska Constitutional
Revision Commission from December, 1969, to December, 1970.
Mr. Barnett is married to the former Joanne Peabody of Morristown,
New Jersey and they have three children.
#
#
#
SERATE R. FORD LIBRARY
BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCH
Virginia Y. Trotter, Ph.D.
Assistant Secretary for Education
Dr. Virginia Y. Trotter was appointed Assistant Secretary for Education in the Department
of Health, Education, and Welfare in June 1974.
As the principal spokesman for Education in the Executive Branch of the Federal Govern-
ment, Dr. Trotter provides leadership and policy guidance to the Education Division which
encompasses the Office of Education, the National Institute of Education, the Fund for the
Improvement of Postsecondary Education, and the National Center for Education Statistics.
Dr. Trotter is the first woman appointed to the highest education post in the Nation. All her
professional career has been in education, as a scholar, teacher, and administrator. She came
to Washington from the University of Nebraska where she served as Vice Chancellor for
Academic Affairs, a post she assumed in 1972. Dr. Trotter earned her Bachelor and Master
of Science degrees in Home Economics from Kansas State University and her Ph.D. in
Family Economics and Higher Education from the Ohio State University. She has held
teaching and administrative positions at the universities of Vermont, Utah and Nebraska,
including those of Instructor, Assistant Professor, Professor, Department Chairman, Director
of Research, and College Dean.
In her role as Assistant Secretary, Dr. Trotter has given leadership to many Federal programs
which encourage and support efforts nationwide to research, develop and implement pro-
grams of innovation in education. She has a strong interest in higher education and, particu-
larly, in assuring that disadvantaged students, as well as those from middle-income families,
have the opportunity to pursue a high-quality postsecondary education program.
Dr. Trotter has served as the official delegate to the UNESCO conference in Paris, the
CULCON (Cultural Conference) in Tokyo, and has been designated by the Secretary of
DHEW as the representative for International Women's Year. She also has participated
actively with the National Council on Education Research, the presidentially appointed
policy council for the National Institute of Education, on setting goals and objectives for
the Institute.
Prior to her appointment as Assistant Secretary, Dr. Trotter served on many National and
State organizations and committees. She was a member of the President's Committee on the
Employment of the Handicapped, the Defense Advisory Committee on Women in the
Services, the National Advertising Review Board, and the Board of Directors of the National
Center for Higher Education Management Systems (NCHEMS). At the State level she has
worked closely with many volunteer agencies, served as a member of the Nebraska's Com-
mission on the Status of Women and as Chairman of the Nebraska Heart Association.
&
FORD
SERVICE
LIBRARY
Additional Biographical Data
BIRTHPLACE : Boise, Idaho
EDUCATION : Ph.D., Ohio State University, 1959; Master and Bachelor degrees,
Kansas State University, 1947, and 1943 respectively
EXPERIENCE
Present
: Assistant Secretary for Education, DHEW
1972-6/74
: Vice Chancellor for Academic Affairs, University of Nebraska,
Lincoln, Nebraska
1970-1973
: Dean of the College of Home Economics and Professor of Education
and Family Resources, University of Nebraska-Lincoln
1963-1970
: Associate Dean of the College of Agriculture and Home Economics,
University of Nebraska-Lincoln
1955-1963
: Assistant to the Dean of the College of Agriculture for Home Economics,
Chairman of the Home Economics Department, University of Vermont
1950-1955
: Assistant Professor and Head of the Family Economics and Management
Division, Department of Home Economics; University of Nebraska-Linçoln
1948-1950
: Instructor and Director of the Home Management Laboratory, University
of Utah
G/61 'CT
Office of the White House Press Secretary
THE WHITE HOUSE
The President today announced his intention to nominate Clayton Yeutter,
of Lincoln, Nebraska, to be Deputy Special Trade Representative
(Domestic). This is a new position created by Public Law 93-618 of
January 3, 1975.
Mr. Yeutter has been Assistant Secretary of Agriculture for Inter-
national Affairs and Commodity Programs since 1973. He joined
the Department of Agriculture on August 12, 1970, as head of the
Service). Consumer and Marketing Service (now Agricultural Marketing
Mr. Yeutter was Executive Assistant to the Governor of Nebraska
from 1966 to 1968, when he became Director of the University of
Nebraska's mission in Bogota, Colombia. He remained with the
Bogota program, which is directed by six midwestern universities
to upgrade agricultural teaching, research and extension efforts
in Colombia, until he joined the Department of Agriculture in 1970.
He was born in Eustis, Nebraska, on December 10, 1930. He
received his B.S. from the University of Nebraska in 1952 and was
named the outstanding animal husbandry graduate in the nation. He
received his J.D., cum laude, in 1963 and his Ph. D. in agricultural
economics in 1966, also from the University of Nebraska. From 1960
to 1966, he taught agricultural economics at Nebraska. In 1972, he
received a distinguished alumni award from his alma mater. He
served in the U.S. Air Force from 1952 to 1957.
Mr. Yeutter is married and has four children. They reside in
Arlington, Virginia.
###
FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE
April 13, 1973
Office of the White House Press Secretary
THE WHITE HOUSE
The President today announced his intention to nominate Norbert T. Tiemann,
of Lincoln, Nebraska, to be Administrator of the Federal Highway Adminis-
tration. He will succeed Francis C. Turner, who held the Department of
Transportation position until June 30, 1972.
Since 1971, Governor Tiemann has been Vice President for Corporate Finance
of First Mid-America, Inc., an investment banking firm in Lincoln, Nebraska.
From 1967 to 1971 he served as Governor of Nebraska and his accomplishments
included a number of milestones in transportation in the state.
From 1957 until he became Governor, he was President of the Commercial
State Bank in Wausa, Nebraska, and is a Past President of the Nebraska
Bankers Association. He was Mayor of Wausa from 1956 to 1962. From
1949 to 1954 he was Assistant County Agent in Lexington, Nebraska; Assistant
Manager of the Nebraska Hereford Association in Central City, Nebraska;
Executive Secretary of the National Livestock Feeders Association in Omaha,
Nebraska; and Director of Industry Relations for the National Livestock and
Meat Board in Chicago, Illinois.
He was born in Minden, Nebraska, on July 18, 1924. Governor Tiemann attende
the University of Nebraska from 1942 to 1943 and from 1946 to 1949. He served
in the U.S. Army from 1943 to 1946 and from 1950 to 1952.
Governor Tiemann is married to the former Lorna Lou Bornholdt. They have
three daughters and one son.
#
#
#
MAURICE H. SIGLER
Born:
7-3-1909
Missouri Valley, Iowa
Legal Residence:
Rebraska
Marital Status:
Married
(uffe-Francys)
Education:
1927-graduated
Modale High School. Nodale, Iowa
1929-attended
South Dakota College, Brookings, S. Dak,
2 terms
Military Service:
11-43--11-45
U. S. Mavy - Shore Patrolman, 2nd Class
Employment:
7931-33
Operator-owner of Chawa Laundry: B Cash
& Carry Grocery Store; service station -
Ute, Iowa
1939-45
U. S. Penitentiary, Dept. of Justice,
Leavemworth. Kansas
Correctional Officer
7945--52
Federal Correctional Institution,
Seagoville, Texas
Instructor and Correctional Supervisor
1952-58
Louisiana State Penitentiary. Angola, La.
Karden
1958-59
Glades Correctional Institution, Div. of
Corrections, Belle Glade, Fla.
Chief Custodial Officer
1959-63
Marden Nebraska State Penitentiary, Lincoln, Neb
1963--67
Nebraska Penal and Correctional Complex,
Lincoln, Nebr.
Harden
1967--71
Director, Division of Corrections,
Dept. of Public Institutions,
Lincoln, Nobr.
7-22-71-pres.
Appointed Member of the Board of Parole
Currently serving as Chairman of
the Board of Parole
U. S, Department of Justice
Washington, D. C, 20530
March FORD 1976
BEFORE
LIBRARY
WARREN C. WOOD JR.
FEDERAL COCHAIRMAN, OLD WEST REGIONAL COMMISSION
Home address:
15016 Whitegate Road
Silver Spring, Maryland 20904
Tele. 384-4582
Warren Clay (Chip) Wood Jr., 35, was nominated to be Federal
Cochairman of the Old West Regional Commission by President Nixon on
October 10, 1973. At the time of his nomination, he was Special Assistant
to the Federal Cochairman.
The Commission, authorized by the Public Works and Economic
Development Act of 1965, is a Federal-State partnership designed to
stimulate economic progress in the states of Montana, Nebraska, South Dakota
North Dakota and Wyoming. Wood shares direction of the Commission
with a State Cochairman, selected on a rotating basis for a one-year
term from among the Governors of the five states.
During Wood's tenure, the Commission has undertaken a comprehensive
program of assisting the five Old West States in meeting the environmental
and socio-economic impacts of extensive coal development in the northern
plains states.
Prior to joining the Old West Commission, Wood served in the Office
of Intergovernmental Programs and the Office of Congressional Affairs for
the Environmental Protection Agency. He specialized in model state
environmental legislation and the Administration's environmental legislative
proposals.
From 1964 to 1971 he was Legislative Assistant to United States Senator
Roman L. Hruska, dealing principally with public works, economic and natural
resource issues.
Wood received a B.A. degree from the University of Nebraska in 1967.
He was honorably discharged from the National Guard in 1969. Born in
Gering, Nebraska, January 27, 1941, he is married to Linda Wood, officially
designated by President Ford to be a delegate candidate from Maryland to
the GOP National Convention.
THE WHITE HOUSE
WASHINGTON
May 6, 1976
MEMORANDUM FOR:
MIKE DUVAL
FROM:
P.
PHILIP BUCHEN
SUBJECT:
Activities by the President
As the President goes into each State starting with
Nebraska, I suggest that he be briefed about the
appointments he has made during his Administration
who come from that State. This information will
enable the President to identify these individuals
in his remarks to different audiences, giving the
city in the State from which they come and their
previous principal positions with that State.
Also, I would suggest that on each trip the President
should take with him certain of the appointees he has
made from the State where he is to appear. He would
then be in a position to introduce these appointees
to his audiences, and their presence with the
President would lead to photographs and publicity
which reach people throughout the State.
One unique asset the President has is the bright
and capable executive team which he has in place
and to which he can point with pride. Moreover, the
pride he has in his appointees, when expressed within
the States from which they come, will generate a
feeling of pride among the citizens of that State.
Attention has been called to new appointments made
from particular States but we have so far not
sufficiently publicized previous appointments made
from the States in which the President is appearing.
Even though the appointed individuals from a parti-
BERALD R. FORD LIBRARY
cular State may not have had great prominence there,
the President by mentioning them or introducing them
- 2 -
will give them prominence and will evoke interest
that they do serve in his Administration. The
result will also help counteract the growing
feeling that Washington and the people there are
separate from, and heedless of, the interests and
concerns of people in the rest of the country.
The more the President can emphasize that he has
qualified people in the Administration who are
not old-time Washington bureaucrats but who have
recently come to Government from private life
in the various States, the more people will feel
a sense of identification with the Ford Admini-
stration.
As a starter for implementing this proposal, I
have attached at TAB A from Douglas Bennett
material dealing with appointees from Nebraska.
It may be desirable, even within the short time
left, to invite one or more of these people to
accompany the President on his Nebraska trip.
Douglas should be asked to provide similar informa-
tion for all the States which the President will
be visiting and plans should be made to select and
invite those who should accompany him. In addition,
for West Virginia, we may want to get out before
next Tuesday publicity about people from there whom
the President has appointed.
Attachment
1.
FORD
SEATE
LIBRARY
Triday 5/7/76
Friday 5/14/76
5:15 Dorothy Downton talked with Prey.
He wants to get together with a group of businessmen
in the area and put an ad in the (aper supporting
4:30 Called Dorothy Downton and advised that be sure it's
Mr. Buchen talked with Ed Frey concerning
the ad some businessmen wanted to put in the
paper in support of the President in the primary. turday) (616)949-1705
or he car be reached
(5/10).
He referred Mr. Frey to Benton Becker or
Gordon Strauss.
had to leave early
but
144
would
have
of you might have
the
opportunity
(Saturday),
other organization Each
whatever 42 wild cost for
M keep the
E. FORD JIBRARY
Friday 5/7/76
5:15
Dorothy Downton talked with Ed Frey.
He wants to get together with a group of businessmen
in the area and put an ad in the paper supporting
the President in the primary.
Wants to be sure it's
legal.
This weekend he will be at home in the Monday (Saturday) (616)949-1705
or he can be reached Monday afternoon (5/10).
7:10
I called him to let him know that you had to leave early
but I would have the note on your desk if you might have
the opportunity to call to: horrow morning (Saturday).
He has been thinking it would be a good idea to do the same
&
thing in other areas of Michigan.
FLO
FORD
This would be independent of any other organization. Each
person would put in $5 or $10 or whatever it would cost for
LIBRARY
the ad.
He said "we've got to keep the Republicans
from crossing over to the Democrats."
President Ford Committee
Copy
1828 L STREET, N.W., SUITE 250, WASHINGTON, D.C. 20036 (202) 457-6400
Barry,
July 1, 1976
MEMORANDUM
TO: Rog Morton
Stu Spencer
Jim Baker
FROM:
Bob Visser
RSV
Tim Ryan
RE: Carter Campaign
Reference is made to our memorandum dated June 29,
1976 regarding the possibility of a violation by the Carter
campaign of the Federal election campaign laws. As set
forth more specifically in the above-referenced memorandum,
the General Counsel to the Federal Election Commission has
indicated that it may be contrary to the Act and proposed
regulations for a Presidential candidate to expend primary
matching monies or privately raised contributions during the
primary period for General Election expenditures.
Following our conversation today, I discussed this
matter with Bill Cramer, who in turn discussed it with
Mary Louise Smith regarding the RNC's filing of such a
complaint. In general, their feeling was that they would
like us to prepare a factual memorandum regarding the specific
manner in which the Carter campaign may have violated the
campaign laws and a brief legal analysis supporting such a
conclusion. I shall keep you advised of all material
developments in this matter.
GERALD R. FORD
The President Ford Committee, Rogers C.B. Morton, Chairman, Robert C. Moot, Treasurer. A copy of our Report is filed with
the Federal Election Commission and is available for purchase from the Federal Election Commission, Washington, D.C 20463.
President Ford Committee
1828 L STREET, N.W., SUITE 250, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 (202) 457-6400
June 29, 1976
MEMORANDUM
TO: Rog Morton
Stu Spencer
Jim Baker
FROM:
Tim Ryan
Bob Visser RRV
RE: Carter Campaign
If you will remember, some time ago when we were
considering the PFC preparations for the General Election,
we noted that the Federal election campaign laws restrict
us from spending money, which includes matching funds
received from the Government for General Election purposes.
The law requires that all presidential candidates certify
to the Secretary of the Treasury that they have not spent
any Primary Election funds for General Election purposes.
In particular, Section 9003 (b) of the Presidential Election
Campaign Fund chapter of the Internal Revenue Code provides:
(b) Major parties. In order to be eligible
to receive any payments under section 9006, the
candidates of a major party in a presidential
election shall certify to the Commission, under
penalty of perjury, that -
(1) such candidates and their authorized committees
will not incur qualified campaign expenses in excess
of the aggregate payments to which they will be en-
titled under section 9004; and
STATE FORD LIBRARY
(2) no contributions to defray qualified campaign
expenses have been or will be accepted by such
candidates or any of their authorized committees
except to the extent necessary to make up any deficiency
in payments received out of the fund on account of the
application of section 9006 (d), and no contributions to
defray expenses which would be qualified campaign expenses
but for subparagraph (C) of section 9002 (11) have been or
will be accepted by such candidates or any of their authorized
committees.
The President Ford Committee. Rogers C.R. Morton. Chairman, Robert C. Moot, Treasurer. A copy of our Report is bled with
the Federal Election ( ommission and is available for purchase from the / ederal Election Commission. Washington, 11.1 20463
Carter Campaign Memo
June 29, 1976
Page Two
Such certification shall be made within such time
prior to the day of the presidential election as the
Commission shall prescribe by rules or regulations.
The Commission has informally expressed concern that the
statutory language, as well as the legislative history of the
Act, preclude the expenditure of any primary matching account
monies as well as privately raised contributions, during the
primary period for General Election purposes. The rationale,
of course, is that otherwise it is difficult to distinguish
such expenditures from primary expenditures and the net result
is to expend monies in excess of the General Election statutory
limitation of 21.8 million dollars.
This hard and fast rule has been modified somewhat,
based on an opinion from Jack Murphy, General Counsel of the
Federal Election Commission. Recognizing the necessity of
certain advance planning functions and expenditures in
anticipation of the General Election, Jack has determined and
intends to recommend to the Commission that a presidential
campaign committee may utilize commercial bank loans (but not
primary contributions or primary matching funds) for General
Election purposes at this time. Such expenditures must be
charged to the General Election ceiling and repaid from the
Treasury monies which will be received after the nomination.
However, it appears that at this juncture the Carter
campaign is spending primary funds solely for General Election
purposes, for example, polling for the selection of the vice
president and special interest programs. Notwithstanding
the fact that we are involved in some of the same processes,
we suggest that the Republican National Committee or some other
disinterested party review with their attorneys the objections
regarding a specific charge against the Carter campaign for using
primary funds for General Election purposes. Such a complaint
would at least slow down their activity and keep them a little
off kilter. Jack Murphy has already stated to us that he views
such activity with some concern and will be bringing the problem
to the attention of Carter's lawyers.
A direct complaint by the PFC should also be considered
as it may have considerable political advantage in publicly
appearing to be running against Carter at this time. The down-
side of this approach is twofold. First, section 437 (g) provides,
inter alia, that any notification of such a complaint or
SERVICE FORD LIBRANY
Carter Campaign Memo
June 29, 1976
Page Three
investigation shall not be made public by the Commission or
by any person without the written consent of the person receiving
such notification or the person with respect to whom such
investigation is made. Secondly, section 437 (g) (3) (A) provides,
inter alia, that any such investigation shall include an inves-
tigation of the reports and statements filed by the complainant
if such complainant is also a candidate. Although we have
consistently alerted the PFC to this problem, it must be assumed
that it is possible to make an argument that the PFC has engaged,
albeit to an extremely limited extent, in General Election planning
and possible expenditures. The practical result would not be,
in our opinion, the loss of the 21.8 million dollar Federal
financing but rather the Carter argument that the law is ambiguous,
they. have acted in good faith, and in any event, that both committees
are guilty of the same activities. Nonetheless, Tim and I believe
that this is viable and positive action that may be initiated by
the PFC against Carter at this time with some likelihood of positive
results, both publicly and to internally slow down Carter's General
Election activity in violation of the General Election expenditure
ceiling.
STATES E. FORD LIBRARY
Gasthof
Gramshammer, Inc.
Telephone: 303/476-562
P.O. BOX 506
Pepi Gramshamme
VAIL, COLORADO 81657
Sheika Gramshamme
July 19,1976
The President of the
United States of America
Mr. Gerald Ford
The White House
Washington, D.C.
Dear Mr. President,
Before anything else I would like to thank you whole heartedly
for your decision regarding the Eagles Nest Wilderness Bill.
You made many people very, very happy! Thank you once again.
At the same time I want to tell you how very sorry I am that
Colorado let you down to such an extend. Only because of
Eagle County's vote, all delegates voting 10:1, we could
at least gain the 4th congressional district.
The Republican Convention in Fort Collins was a fascinating
experience. I know now what it means when it is said that
"politics get into your blood" - it is certainly in mine!
It was very hard for me to sit still and watch your opponent
get so many votes, I wanted so very much to go to everyone
and wake them up to the truth - YOU!
Reagan had a good speech - well written and the presentation
could be rated as moderate to good acting. But I definitely
want to congratulate you on your son Jack. His speech was
outstanding! It portrayed warmth, sincerity and unlimited
belief and trust in you. I heard from several Reagan people
the comment "What a boy - I am jaleous!" Therefore, it is
very hard for me to understand why not more uncommitted
delegates were more aware of the difference between just a
good performance and reality.
I must admit though that the Reagan forces were incredibly
organized and well informed. It seemed they had just left
a training camp! I was utterly frustrated to see how weak
your Colorado office seemed to be.
Friends of mine in Wisconsin, Michigan, Missouri and Texas
are very active on Reagan's behalf. I discussed this with
them at several occasions and doing so I got more and more
hopeful that you may consider changing your campaign route
LIBRARY
after Kansas City. Again, I have friends who are on Carter's
executive committe for Texas and I must say it is incredible
to see how well run their "show" is.
Gasthof
Gramshammer, Inc.
Telephone: 303/476-562
P.O. BOX 506
Pepi Gramshamme
VAIL, COLORADO 81657
Sheika Gramshamme
Page 2
July 19, 1976
I really want to go out and tell "the world" why we need you!
Pepi and I, among so many others, believe in you with all our
hearts and minds. You need to win for this country and I want
to do everything I can to be of help.
I would like to head a women's committee here in Colorado
for your support. It would be a doorbell to doorbell campaign
as previously proven effective during the Goldwater campaign.
I know I can do so much more for you if my energies are
channelled into the proper direction. I would appreciate it
very much if I could sit in during one of the meeting of the
National Committee for Ford 1976 to learn about strategy and
immediate objectives.
So far I have not had any help or seen any initiative from
your Denver headquarters, except that they were opposed to
my heading the Eagle County Committee.
Mr. President, could you please direct me to the proper
channels so that I may be more useful to your campaign.
This county needs you - please let me know how I can offer
my small share to make people realize that there is only one
true leader: YOU. I would like to apply myself totally to
your election and our future.
Sincerely,
Sheiker
Sheika Gramshammer
LIBRARY GERALD ? FORD
/wej
p.s how is your tennis? Imay just be Mady for you
in august with the help of a big Racquet!
Shite
QUESTION:
Ron, Governor Carter has contacted Speaker Albert and
requested that he seek expeditious passage of H.R. 11552, the
Voter Registration Act. What is the President's position?
ANSWER:
The President has opposed the Voter Registration Act
(authorizing citizens to register for Federal elections by
post card). There is little assurance that increased
registration will increase voter participation in elections,
when great numbers who are already registered do not show
up at the polls to vote. Also, the Act will be an administrative
nightmare for State and local governments and it will increase
the potential and likelihood for fraud. This legislation would
create additional financial burdens on the Federal government
when the President is trying to curb Federal spending, and it
would establish a further large Federal administration within
the Federal Election Commission.
Levery BERALD F Total
ES/BNR 7/27/76
Tednesday 2/4/76
Wednesday 8/4/76
4:20 Bobbie said she has three supporters ---
Gergen, Rhatigan and Bill Greener.
R. FORD LIBRARY
Wednesday 8/4/76
2:55
Attached is the material Bobbie said
you would need to discuss with Dick Cheney.
I checked with Cheney's office to ask
if they had found a time for you to see him --
per our request of yesterday.
Barbara said you had gone into Cheney's office
this morning so she assumed you had had the
requested appointment.
Do you still need to see him?
STATE n. FORD LIBRARY
July 15, 1976
MEMORANDUM FOR:
DICK CHENEY
FROM:
BOBBIE GREENE KILBERG
Thank you for taking the time to talk with me yesterday. I think
we had an open and honest discussion, and Pappreciated it.
The following is a summary of why I feel strongly that I could be
an important asset to the political operation at the Convention and
thus would like to be included in the White House list of individuals
who are to attend the Convention with specific responsibilities,
normal convention hall access, etc.:
(1) I am a key element in a network of Republican National
Committeewomen (and some Committeemen), women delegates
and Republican women activists, most of whom will be present
in Kansas City and could be effectively used to aid the President's
nomination. Elly Peterson will be conducting such an effort, and
I believe I could be very useful to her.
(2) This same network will be important to the President's
election effort, and it is my understanding that Elly intends to
do considerable election planning work at the Convention since
everyone will be assembled there and another such opportunity
will not present itself.
(3) Attention should be paid at the Convention to committed
Ford delegates in order to maintain and reinforce that commit-
ment. I could be of assistance with women delegates in that regard.
(4) Given the importance of the women's vote, I think it is
essential that the Administration show both the delegates at the
Convention and the public through the media that we have active
and participating women appointees. It is my understanding that
the Republican National Committee Convention booklet will have
an emphasis on the role of women appointees as the RNC requested
my picture for inclusion in the official booklet.
BEFORE R. FORD LIBRARY
2
(5) I have a good understanding of Convention procedures
from my participation in the '68 and '72 Conventions.
(6) A lot of people expect me to be at the Convention, have
called me about the Convention, and would be concerned if I was
not present. These are the same people who will be important
for the general election, as well as for the nomination. For
example, Carla Coray, Vice Chairman of RNC Committee on
Rules and National Committeewoman from Hawaii; John McDonald,
National Committeeman from Iowa, Chairman of RNC Committee
on Contests, and expected to be Chairman of Credentials Committee;
Gerridee Wheeler, National Committeewoman from North Dakota;
Pat Goldman, Chairperson, Republican Women's Task Force, etc.
The female members of the press would also, as a matter
of course, expect me to be present as I was very active in the '72
Convention and would be looking for a story if I was absent.
July 24, 1976
MEMORANDUM FOR:
MIKE DUVAL
FROM:
BOBBIE GREENE KILBERG
Below is a listing of the information I have on a number
of the women delegates on the platform committee. I will
have more in-depth information on a larger number of the
delegates on Monday. Please also note one addition and
one change: the Connecticut woman delegate on the platform
committee is Joan Rader of Greenwich; Ginny Dinkins from
Florida may be Reagan rather than Ford.
Ford Delegates
D.C.:
Marjorie Parker
Ph.D. in English and education
Strong on women's rights: pro ERA
Uncertain about abortion
Head of platform committee for D.C.
Low-key but effective
Member of or good relationship with Republican
Women's Task Force
Black
Wife of Judge Barrington Parker
Hawaii:
Mary George
State Senator
Former city council member
In 50's
Good relationship with Republican Women's
Task Force
May emerge as a leader of women delegates on
platform
Strong personality
Indiana:
Betty Rendel
Vice-chairman of state party
Very conservative on all issues
Anti-BRA
Strong member of Republican Women's Federation
-2-
Iowa:
Joan Lipsky
6-term member of state senate
On appropriations committee in Senate; strong on
environment, consumers; author of rape reform act
A leader of Republican Women's Task Force
May emerge as a leader of women delegates on
platform committee
Progressive
Close to Governor Ray
Maine:
Henrietta Page Crane
National committeewoman
Marginal on ERA
Conservative
Somewhat suspicious of the "modern woman"
Long-time party pro
Maryland: Marjcrie Holt
Congresswoman from Prince George's County
Strongly opposed to busing
In continual fights with HEW over integration
plans
Opposed to quotas
Privately comfortable with ERA but will not take
public position in favor because would hurt
her politically in her district
Minnesota: Mary Forsythe
State legislator (House)
Strong personality
Moderate
Husband: Bob Forsythe - Ford strategist in Minnesot
N. D.:
GeriDee Wheeler
National committeewoman
Leader of ERA ratification effort in state; strong
on all women's issues including support of Supreme
Court's decision on abortion
Former President of national community mental health
organization
A leader of Republican Women's Task Force
Member of Common Cause
Progressive.
-3-
N. H.:
Ruth Griffin
State legislator (House)
N.J.:
Millicent Fenwick
Congresswoman
Strong interest in foreign affairs (visited
Vietnam since end of war, visited China), in
government reform, in women's rights (ERA,
Day care, etc.)
Member of Republican Women's Task Force
Pa.:
Martha Schoeninger
Assistant state party chairman
Uncertain on women's issues
In 50's or 60's
Close to Sally Stauffer - former national committee
N.Y.:
Leslie A. Maeby
Age 21
Progressive
Articulate
W. Va.:
Louise Leonard (LF)
Had been member of state senate
Ran for U.S. Senate and lost
Led fight for ratification of ERA in state
Strong interest in penal reform
Has stated cannot commit herself to Ford because
rules of W.Va. Republican Women's Federation requis
no commitment before convention; I think she is
state President of Federation
Wisconsin: Ann Peckham
Former fringe Vice Chairman of party -- ousted by right winc
Good on women's issues
Generally progressive/moderate
Strong personality
Will work with Republican Women's Task Force
-4-
S.D.:
Barbara Gunderson
Former Commissioner of U.S.Civil Service Commission
under Eisenhower
Progressive
Strong on women's rights (ERA, etc.)
Ran in '74 in Republican U.S. Senate primary but lost
Will work closely with Republican Women's Task Force
July 27, 1976
MEMORANDUM FOR:
MIKE DUVAL
Bobbi
FROM:
BOBBIE GREENE KILBERG
Below is a listing of additional information on women delegates
who are on the Platform Committee:
Alaska:
Yvonne Alford (F)
Executive Director, Anchorage Bicentennial Commission
former Vice President of Alaska Young Republicans
President of Anchorage Republican Women's Club
Member, Republican State Central Committee
Chairman of District and State Convention Platform
Committees
Officer of Alaska Press Women
completed 3 years of college
not been a national delegate before
Southern lower middle class background
age: 40
single
religion: Pentecostal
Delaware: Lavinia Hodgden (UNCOMMITU?)
Not been a national delegate before, but delegate to
state conventions for many years
Chairman of her District Committee and Committeewoman
volunteer for Senator Roth's campaign
housewife with one child
age: 56
education level: 3 years of college
religion: Presbyterian
D. C.:
Marjorie Parker (additional information) (F)
STATE R. FORD LIBRARY
Member, D.C. Council 1972-75
2
Hawaii:
Mary George (additional information) (F)
Member, League of Women Voters
Member, National Air Quality Advisory Board
strong on women's issues
favors a woman as Vice President in 1976
supports the 1973 Supreme Court decisions on abortion
in favor of Party adopting requirements that more women
and minorities be included in Party activities
married
age: 60
education level: B.A. plus some graduate study
Illinois:
Ruth Hooper (F)
Active in local politics: precinct captain
Executive board of township Republican organization, etc.
Regent of local DAR chapter
Secretary of community emergency medical service
committee
former PTA president
wife and mother of 3 children
age: 51
education level: B.A. -- Northwestern
religion: Methodist
Indiana:
Betty Rendel (Ford?) (additional information)
Treasurer, National Federation of Republican Women
Iowa:
Joan Lipsky (additional information) (F)
State representatives instead of State senator
favors woman as Vice President in 1976
Supports 1973 Supreme Court decisions on abortion
In favor of Party adopting requirements that more women
and minorities be included in Party activities
age: 57
married
education level: graduate study in psychology
3
Kansas:
Neta Pollom (F)
Ran for State representative but lost
in favor of the ERA
favors woman as Vice President in 1976
Supports 1973 Supreme Court decisions on abortion
in favor of Party adopting requirements that more women
and minorities be included in Party activities
education level: 1-1/2 years of nurses training
Maine:
Henrietta Crane (additional information) (F)
National delegate in 1968
not in favor of Party adopting requirements that more
:
women and minorities be included in Party activities
education level: B.A., Wellesley (language & history)
age: 63
divorced
N.H.:
Ruth Griffin (additional information) (F)
1972 delegate to National Convention -- Platform Committee
Majority Whip of N.H. House of Representatives
pro-ERA
supports 1973 Supreme Court decisions on abortion
in favor of Party adopting requirements that more women
and minorities be included in Party activities
does not favor woman Vice President in 1976
registered nurse - not practicing
age: 51
married with 5 children
education level: 3 years of college and R.N.
religion: Methodist
N.Y.:
Leslie Maeby (additional information) (F)
Not been a National delegate before
ran for county office, but defeated
STATE R. FORD LIBRARY
pro-ERA
in favor of woman as Vice President in 1976
supports 1973 Supreme Court decisions on abortion
and minorities be included in Party activities
single
education level: B.A. SUNY at Albany
4
Ohio:
JoAnn Davidson (F)
Executive Director of Ohio PFC
Pâ.:
Martha Schoeninger (additional information) (F)
Vice Chairman of Republican State Committee --
instead of Assistant Chairman
not been a National delegate before
active in county politics, e.g., executive committee
of Chester County Committee, past President
of Valley Forge Council of Republican Women
pro-ERA
favors woman as Vice President in 1976
favors 1973 Supreme Court decisions on abortion
not in favor of Party adopting requirements that more
women and minorities be included in Party activities
married with 3 children
educational level: 2 years of art school: fashion design
religion: Presbyterian
R.I.:
Louise Mauran (F)
homemaker and volunteer
has not been National delegate before
State party Vice Chairman
5 children
age: 41
educational level: 2 years of college
Member, Planned Parenthood of R. L
S.D.:
Barbara Gunderson (additional information) (F)
supports 1973 Supreme Court decisions on abortion
married
education level: B.A. (English, journalism)
Vermont:
Carolyn Miller
(F)
has not been a delegate before
town and county party chairman and vice chairman
Member, League of Women Voters
housewife and mother of 5 children
age: 48
educational level: B.A., University of Washington
religion: United Church of Christ, deacon and elder
5
Wyoming: Ruth Adam (uncommitted)
has not been a National delegate before
favors woman as Vice President in 1976
does not support 1973 Supreme Court decisions on
abortion, but at same time believes abortion "up
to each individual person"
in favor of Party adopting requirements that more women
and minorities be included in Party activities
good on women's issues
pro ERA
housewife
age: 54
education level: B.A. (home economics)
BERALD R. TOTAL
THE WHITE HOUSE
WASHINGTON
August 4, 1976
MEMORANDUM FOR:
BILL RHATICAN
Brbbie
FROM:
BOBBIE GREENE KILBERG
SUBJECT:
Alternative Programming at Kansas City
Pursuant to a request from Dave Gergen, the following is a list of
women who will be at the Republican Convention in Kansas City
and who would be excellent subjects for T. V., radio, and newspaper
interviews. Please note that this is a list of individuals who I know
will be at Kansas City. It does not include Ford women appointees
who have not been asked to go to Kansas City, but who would give
excellent interviews if asked.
1.) Carla Hills
Secretary of HUD
42
2.) Marjorie Lynch
Under Secretary of HEW
Late 40's
3.) Mary Louise Smith
Chairman of RNC
Delegate from Iowa
A founder of Republican Women's Task Force
Late 50's--early 60's
4.) Ellie Peterson
Deputy Chair of the PFC
Former Vice-Chairman of RNC
Late 50's--early 60's
5.) Pat Goldman
Chair of the Republican Women's Task Force
Staff Director of the Wednesday Group in the House of Representatives
mid 30's
6. ) Audrey Rowe Colom
R
Alternate delegate from the District of Columbia
Staff Member of the Corporation for Public Broadcasting
National Chairperson, National Women's Political Caucus SEAL
FORD
Black
31
-2-
7.) Bobbie Greene Kilberg
Associate Counsel
Former National Vice-Chairperson, National Women's
Political Caucus
A founder of Republican Women's Task Force
31
8.) Congresswoman Peggy Heckler
Delegate from Massachusetts
Member of Convention Rules Committee
A founder of Republican Women's Task Force
Strong advocate of daycare, ERA
40's
9.) Congresswoman Millicent Fenwick
Delegate from New Jersey
Strong interest in foreign affairs, government reform, and
IN 60s
and women's rights including ERA and day care
10.) Carla Coray
Delegate from Hawaii
Vice Chairman of RNC Committee on Rules
National Committeewoman from Hawaii
Former State Party Chairman from Hawaii
Former Chairman of Western Republican Chairmen
Candidate for Congress
Late 40's
11.) GeriDee Wheeler
Delegate from North Dakota
National Committeewoman from North Dakota
Former President of a national community mental health
organization
Leader of ERA ratification effort in North Dakota
A leader of Republican Women's Task Force
Late 40's--early 50's
DEARE R. FORD
-3-
12.) Joan Lipsky
Delegate from Iowa
Six-term member of State House of Representatives
Member of Appropriations Committee in House; strong on
environment, consumers; author of Rape Reform Act
A leader of Republican Women's Task Force
57
13.) Mary George
Delegate from Hawaii
Hawaii State Senator
Former City Council Member
60
14.) Marjorie Parker
Delegate from District of Columbia
Chairperson of Platform Subcommittee on Human Concerns
Former D. C. City Council Member
Professor of English and Education at Howard and Bowie State
Black
Mid 50's
15.) Pat Price Bailey
Rules Spokesperson for the Republican Women's Task Force
June graduate with highest honors from American University
Law School and mother of two children
Late 30's
16.) Betsy Griffith Deardorf
National Vice Chairperson, National Women's Political Caucus
Ph. D. Candidate in History
Late 20's
17.) Barbara Gunderson
Delegate from South Dakota
Former Commissioner of U.S. Civil Service Commission under
Eisenhower
Ran in 1974 in Republican U.S. Senate Primary but was defeated
Strong on women's rights (ERA, etc.)
R.
GENERAL
FORDS
- 4-
18. ) Ruth Griffin
Delegate from New Hampshire
Majority Whip of N.H. House of Representatives
51
19. ) Betty Smith
Delegate from Wisconsin
City Councilwoman in Madison; running for State House of
Representatives from Madison
Early 50's
20. ) Lee McAnerney
Alternate Delegate from Alaska
Commissioner of Community and Regional Affairs for the
state of Alaska: only woman cabinet member in state
Former mayor of Seward, Alaska
GENET R. FORD TRUST
Some items in this folder were not digitized because it contains copyrighted
materials. Please contact the Gerald R. Ford Presidential Library for access to
these materials.
G.O.P. Women Irked at Party;
May Not Take Part in Election
By EILEEN SHANAHAN
Special to The New York Times
WASHINGTON, July 27-
But she said- she thought the
Feminists in the Republican
problem was not with the con-
Party are angry at the treat-
ment they believe women are
vention arrangements but rath-
getting from their party and
er that "we don't have women
they fear that many of the best
positioned correctly."
women workers will simply sit
How Leader Is Chosen
out the campaign if steps are
not taken to improve things.
For example, she explained,
The anger of the feminists
the Republicans traditionally
centers on the following things:
chose their leader in the House
aThe relatively small role
of
Representatives
Privacy
THE WHITE HOUSE
Cente
WASHINGTON
(see
August 7, 1976
nixon
papers)
Dear Stan:
Enclosed is a letter written to me from
Quincy Rodgers of the Domestic Council
Committee on the Right of Privacy. The
letter is self-explanatory and I would
appreciate your agreeing to allow access
to the Nixon materials for the purposes
indicated.
I would appreciate your advising Barry
Roth of your decision, and, if it is
favorable, to work out arrangements
satisfactory to you.
Sincerely,
Thit
Philip W. Buchen
Counsel to the President
Mr. R. Stan Mortenson
Miller, Cassidy, Larroca & Lewin
2555 M Street, N. W.
Washington, D. C. 20037
BERA E. FORD LIBRARY
CC: Barry Roth
RECEIVED
OCT 81976
CENTRAL FILES
Privacy
THE WHITE HOUSE
WASHINGTON
June 10, 1976
MEMORANDUM FOR:
MIKE DUVAL
FROM:
PHIL BUCHEN T.
The attached memorandum deals with a subject
on which you are working. It came to me from
Quincy Rodgers, who is the Executive Director
of the Domestic Council Committee on the Right
of Privacy. You may want to pass on copies to
other people concerned with this subject.
CC: Bobbie Kilberg (with enclosure)
STATE R. FORD LIBRARY
June 9, 1976
Phil --
Attached is a memo prepared after
discussion among a number of persons who
were active at the 1972 Republican National
Convention. I thought that you might be
interested in seeing it.
Please feel free to pass copies along
to others who might also be interested.
Sincerely,
Line Quincy Rodgers
R. FORD LIBRARY
MEMORANDUM
FROM:
Friends of President Ford
RE:
The Republican Convention
The following memorandum has been prepared by participants
in recent Republican national conventions to suggest those
areas related to the President's campaign at the convention
which our experience indicates are potentially most critical.
Our motivation for preparing this memorandum was provided
by two facts of overwhelming importance:
1. In a close nomination contest, the nomination can be
won--or lost-- by events which occur, or fail to occur,
during the convention. (e.g. the 1952 Republican convention).
2. A nominee's chances of winning the general election
can be seriously--or fatally--affected by hostility created
within the Party or the country by activities which occur
during the convention. (e.g. Goldwater and the 1964 convention;
Humphrey and the 1968 Democratic convention; McGovern and
the 1972 Democratic convention).
I.
Areas of Potential Floor Fights During the Convention:
While the most important decision which the convention
will make is its choice of the Party's Presidential candidate,
the convention must also decide a multitude of other matters.
Most of these decisions will be made routinely, but major
floor fights may possibly occur in several areas. These
floor fights are important for at least four reasons:
(a) they may be regarded by delegates or the media as
"test votes" on the candidates for the nomination, and the
result accordingly regarded as indicating the outcome of the
nomination contest. (Accordingly, the first floor fight is
particularly important);
(b) they may involve matters of special importance to
some individual delegates, and may thereby affect the votes
cast by these delegates in the nomination contest;
(c) they may affect the unity of the Party or the image
presented by the Party to the country, and thereby affect
the nominee's chances of winning the general election.
-2-
(d) they may concern issues of substantial political or
programmatic importance, even apart from their immediate
effect on the nomination or general election.
Areas, other than the selection of the Presidential
nominee, in which floor fights are likely are:
1. Credentials:
A credential challenge is likely to be the first possible
floor fight at the convention. A close fight for the
nomination fosters serious credential challenges (e.g. the
fight over Texas at the 1952 GOP Convention). The current
Rule 32 provides several bases for possible challenges (e.g.
"positive action"; "endeavor to have equal representation").
Someone must be assigned responsibility now to answer
such questions as : Which Ford delegates are most likely to
be challenged? Which Reagan delegates are most vulnerable
to a challenge? How would uncommitted delegates react to
such credential challenges? What rules, state laws, court
decisions, and past convention precedents are applicable to
such challenges? Resources available to assist in a credentials
effort would include former participants in major credential
fights (from the 1952 convention experience: William Rogers,
Jack Wells, Max Rabb, Herb Brownell), the Annals of Republican
Conventions (available from the RNC), volunteer lawyers and
so forth.
2. Rules:
A floor fight over the adoption of Party Rules is most
likely on these three issues:
(a) Rule 30, which governs the allocation of delegates
among states. In 1972, this fight tended to pit small
states against big states.
(b) Rule 32, which is particularly important to women,
and minorities. A fight over this rule is most likely to
arise in the context of the adoption, or rejection, of the
recommendations of the Committee established in 1972 by Rule
29 (the "Steiger Committee"). The next opportunity to try
to affect such a fight will be when the RNC meets on June 24
to consider, among other matters, the report of the Steiger
Committee.
(c) Voting: There appears to be no clear rule as to
what remedy is available to prevent a delegate, who is bound
-3-
by state law to vote for President Ford, from voting for
Reagan in violation of the state law.
Critical questions to answer now include: How would un-
committed delegates view such fights? What should be the
President's reaction to such fights? and so forth.
Available resources to aid in a Rules effort would
include the Republican Women's Task Force, and participants
in the 1972 Rules Committee deliberations.
3. Platform:
These questions must now be considered.
How would uncommitted delegates respond to a contest
over platform planks on the issues listed below? What
should the President's position on each such plank be? What
should the PFC's operatives be doing? On what planks could
Ford's supporters win? On which planks can they secure
lasting support from uncommitted delegates? Which planks
are important to the fall campaign?
(a) abortion
(b) ERA
(c) busing
(d) Panama
(e) troops for Rhodesia
(f) detente
(g) social security
(h) capital punishment.
The search for resources for a platform effort should
start with Mel Laird and Charles Goodell, who served as
officials of the 1964 Platform Committee.
II. Pre-Convention Decisions of GOP Organizations:
In order to use President Ford's assets to maximum
advantage at critical points during the Convention, it is
imperative that his supporters take an active role in the
pre-convention activities of official decision-making organization
These include: organizations, and their influence on the Convention,
A. State delegations: (Choose Chairperson, members of
Convention committees, national committeeman and committee-
woman)
STATE
-4-
B. Republican National Committee's committees on credentials
platform, etc. (may develop recommendations for consideration
by the Convention Committees on credentials, platform, etc.)
C. Convention committees: (do they meet prior to convention?
do they choose chairperson, parliamentarian? Will they have
subcommittees?)
D. Republican National Committee: (Selection of Convention
officers, keynoter, etc. Will meet next on June 24.)
E. Informal Groups: e.g. Congressional caucuses, Governors,
Women delegates, etc. (Will they take stands on possible
floor fights? Will they recommend persons for Convention
offices?)
III. Organizational Tasks to be Assigned Now:
Our experience at prior conventions has taught us that
detailed planning, organization and intelligence are critical
elements for any successful operation at a convention. In
addition to assigning specific responsibility for each of
the areas of possible floor fights listed in Part (I) above
and each of the GOP organizations listed in Part (II) above,
our experience indicates that-responsibility for the following
areas must also be assigned forthwith:
1. Information about Delegates and Alternates:
Since delegates and alternates cast the votes at a
convention, it is critical to know as much about each delegate
and alternate as possible. Knowledge about uncommitted
delegates is especially important. Names, addresses,
alliances with other delegates, disputes on credentials,
circumstances of loyalty and selection, Kansas City hotel
accommodations, and other information must be assembled in a
form (possibly on computers) which can be easily updated and
will be readily accessible to the key operatives in the
PFC's convention organization.
Two examples should suffice to illustrate the importance
of such intelligence.
(a) Pennsylvania is sending 8th District Congressman
Bud Shuster and Blair County Republican Chariman Cal G.
Griffith, III as delegates to the National Convention.
Without regard to Ford/Reagan or any great issues of the
day, Shuster and Griffith are most uneasy with one FORD another.
GENERAL
LIBRATY
-5-
It is likely that their differences will have an effect on
delegates from Central Pennsylvania since their differences
have already had an impact on Blair County and 8th District
Republican politics, and it is naive to think that they can
be sublimated at the Convention. Both Shuster and Griffith
are now Ford delegates, but one could easily be captured by
Reagan if the PFC acts in a manner insensitive to the rivalry
between the two. A good source of information relative to
handling the Shuster/Griffith situation is State Senator
Robert Jubilerer, a Ford supporter who, for reasons of his
own, must steer the rocky waters between Shuster and
Griffith.
Certainly there are other similar circumstances in
other states that require attention. They must be ferreted
out before the Convention meets.
(b) Delegates from Virginia's 10th Congressional District
may be challenged--by the PFC or other delegates or outside
groups. Two issues have been raised by the manner in which
these delegates--who support Reagan--were selected: first,
whether or not a local meeting of Republicans can require
their representatives at county and district meetings to
vote as a unit, and second, whether or not the failure of
Party officials to provide, in the call of a local Party
meeting, notice that the "unit rule" would be voted on
invalidates the result of such a vote at that meeting. Both
Party Rules and the laws of Virginia appear to be involved
in resolving these issues. Mr. Richard Jones of Arlington
is the Ford supporter with detailed knowledge of the circumstances
If credential fights are to be successful-either in
challenging Reagan delegates or defending Ford delegatés--
the type of research indicated earlier must be done now.
Party Rules, for example, require that notice of credential
challenges be filed 30 days before the Convention convenes
(Rule 35).
Resources available to aid in gathering information
about delegates, particularly uncommitted delegates, include
delegates already committed to Ford, Congressmen and party
officials committed to Ford, information books assembled on
delegates to previous Conventions, and groups who are
already collecting information about 1976 delegates for
their own purposes, such as the Chamber of Commerce, Federation
of Republican Women, Unions, NEA, NAM, Republican Women's
Task Force, Ripon, and so forth.
-6-
2. Logistics:
Logistics involve the timely provision of personnel,
material, and information required for a Convention operation.
Logistical problems which arise at a convention are legion,
and therefore, it is important to have experienced personnel
in charge of preparations for overcoming these problems.
Among the most important logistical problems which can be
anticipated are:
(a) recruiting and supervising volunteers or salaried
personnel for the Convention organization;
(b) developing and outfitting a "control center";
(c) developing and maintaining a secure, rapid
two-way communications system;
(d) providing transportation throughout the Kansas City
area;
(e) providing a tracking system designed to keep
the control center informed as to the whereabouts of important
PFC operatives;
(f) working with convention officials to assure proper
access to the Convention floor, favorable convention seating
arrangements, access to the microphones and so forth.
(Note: floor passes are available for selected persons other
than delegates and alternates; e.g. Governors' bodyguards,
pages, etc.)
3. Liaison:
It is important to name reliable liaison persons between
the PFC's Convention organization and other key groups,
including Convention officials, President Ford, the RNC,
each state delegation, convention committees, formal GOP
organizations, informal GOP organizations (e.g., governors,
women), Reagan, and so forth. Such liaison will not only be
helpful in gathering information on delegates and other
matters, but also will be essential for conveying messages
from the PFC Convention organization to these groups, for
squelching false rumors and so forth.
4. Convention Organization:
The organization of the PFC to date has been designed
to win delegates in primaries and state conventions. A new
emphasis or structure may now be required to develop and
execute plans for the convention. For example, it may
be advisable to appoint a convention chief (or whatever
the title may be). It may also be advisable to establish
- -7- -
a field staff of floor managers and operatives, ( who may, in
many cases, be the liaison personnel described in paragraph
3 above ) .
5. Budget and Media:
New priorities must also be assessed now for media
efforts and the campaign budget.
SPEAKS
AI
1140
Melio
BY WESLEY G. PIPPERT
PLAINS, GA. (UPI) -- JIMMY CARTER SAYS THE ALLEGED PRACTICE OF
SOME BLACK PREACHERS POCKETING CAMPAIGN FUNDS -- AS SOME OF HIS
APPARENTLY WERE POCKETED -- GREW HISTORICALLY OUT OF THE BLACK
E CLUSION FROM THE POLITICAL PROCESS.
CARTER WAS TO FLY TO WASHINGTON TODAY ON A ONE-DAY TRIP, TO SPEAK
AT RALPH NADER'S PUBLIC CITIZEN FORUM AND TO MEET AT THE CAPITOL WITH
CONGRESSIONAL COMMITTEE CHAIRMEN AND GROUPS OF DEMOCRATIC
CONGRESSIONAL CANDIDATES.
NADER, THE CONSUMER ADVOCATE, VISITED CARTER IN PLAINS DURING THE
WEEKEND AND PRAISED THE DEMOCRATIC PRESIDENTIAL NOUINEE'S POSITION ON
HEALTH, CONSUMER PROTECTION, ENVIRONMENT, ENERGY AND THE NEED TO
DEVELOP NEW WAYS TO MAKE THE GOVERNMENT MORE RESPONSIVE.
NADER SAID CARTER HAD THE BEST STANDS ON CONSUMER MATTERS OF ANY
MAJOR PRESIDENTIAL CANDIDATE "IN RECENT DECADES."
CARTER, IN TURN, CRITICIZED PRESIDENT FORD FOR NOMINATING MEMBERS
OF THE NIXON-FORD WHITE HOUSE STAFF TO CONSUMER POSTS. CARTER SAID
HIS APPOINTMENTS TO MAJOR REGULATORY AND CONSUMER PROTECTION AGENCIES
WOULD BE "THE KIND OF PERSONS WHO HAVE AS THEIR PRIMARY INTEREST
CONSUMERS THEMSELVES."
CARTER TALKED TO REPORTERS IN HIS FRONT YARD SUNDAY AFTER CHURCH
ABOUT ALLEGATIONS THAT HIS ORGANIZATION PAID CAMPAIGN FUNDS THAT
WOUND UP IN THE POCKETS OF BLACK PREACHERS.
THE LOS ANGELES TIMES REPORTED THAT CARTER STAFFERS HAD PAID OUT
$5,000 IN STREET MONEY TO FOUR BLACK PREACHERS IN THE SAN FRANCISCO
AREA BEFORE THE JUNE 8 CALIFORNIA PRIMARY.
THE TIMES ALSO SAID IT HAD DISCOVERED INSTANCES IN THE FINAL
CALIFORNIA, OHIO AND NEW JERSEY PRIMARIES WHERE CARTER CAMPAIGN FUNDS
WERE SPENT IN BLACK COMMUNITIES WITHOUT THE REQUIRED RECEIPTS.
CARTER SAID HIS CAMPAIGN HAD HELD RALLIES IN 15 TO 20 CHURCHES,
ALMOST ALL IN THE BLACK COMMUNITY, AND HAD PAID SALARIES OF $25 TO
$50 A WEEK, PLUS OTHER EXPENSES FOR HEATING, DISTRIBUTING LITERATURE
AND CLEANUP.
"THAT'S A COMPLETELY LEGITIMATE THING," HE SAID.
"I DON'T HAVE ANY DOUBT," HE SAID, "THERE ARE THOSE WHO KEEP PART
OF THAT MONEY, BOTH BLACK PEOPLE AND WHITE PEOPLE. THAT'S SOMETHING
THAT'S ALMOST IMPOSSIBLE TO PREVENT."
CARTER SAID HE DID NOT BELIEVE ANY OF HIS STAFF KNEW IN ADVANCE
THAT ANY MINISTER WOULD KEEP THE NONEY. HE SAID HE HAD ISSUED STRICT
ORDERS THAT HE DID NOT APPROVE OF THAT KIND OF ACTIVITY, AND THAT HE
HAS ASKED CAMPAIGN TREASURER ROBERT LIPSHUTZ TO SEE IF THERE WAS ANY
EVIDENCE OF WRONGDOING BY HIS STAFF.
CARTER SAID THE DISCLOSURES HURT HIM FINANCIALLY BECAUSE HE CANNOT
RECEIVE FEDERAL WATCHING FUNDS FOR UNSUBSTANTIATED EXPENDITURES. HE
SAID THAT ONLY 4 TO 5 PER CENT, OR ABOUT $150, 000 OF HIS TOTAL
SPENDING IN THE PRIMARIES, LACKED THE REQUIRED RECEIPTS.
CARTER SAID THE CHURCH IS "A CENTER OF POLITICAL ACTIVITY IN BLACK
COMMUNITIES.
"THAT IS THE ORIGIN OF DR. MARTIN LUTHER KING'S INFLUENCE, WITHIN
THE CHURCH STRUCTURE ITSELF. ALMOST BY DEFAULT, HISTORICALLY, WHEN
BLACK PEOPLE WERE EXCLUDED TO PARTICIPATE IN WHITE PRIMARIES AND THE
VOTING HABITS OF OUR SOUTHERN REGION, THEY'VE HAD TO TURN TO THE
CHURCH FOR A CENTER FOR POLITICAL ACTIVITY.
"AMONG AGGRESSIVE AND ENLIGHTENED LEADERS OF THE PRESENT DAY,
PARTICULARY AMONG BLACK LEADERS, THEY'VE TRIED TO BREAK AWAY FROM THE
OLD HABITS AND WE' VE TRIED TO COOPERATE WITH THEM AS MUCH AS
POSSIBLE.
"BUT I'M SURE THERE ARE CASES WHERE THIS HAS HAPPENED."
SERVICE FORD LIBRARY
d a czcvyxbyl
PM-Carter, 350
firerhoto PAX1
By LYNNE OLSON
Associated Press Writer
PLAINS Ga. A - Jimmy Carter says his campaign cannot provide
documentation to say how it has spent about $150 000.
He made the statement Sunday after the Los Angeles Times published a
story in which Carter's national administrator Paul hemmann: was
quoted as saying the Carter campaign may have to return $150,000 of
the $3 million in federal matching funds it has received because of
financial reporting irregularities.
Carter also said he was not personally aware of an incident cited by
the Times, in which an Oakland Calif. minister claimed the Carter
campaign had given a total of $5.000 to four black ministers in the
Oakland-San Francisco Bay area for their support of Carter.
But Carter said be believes some persons who had received campaign
funds for legitimate purposes had occasionally pocketed the money.
" " I don't have any doubts that somewhere in a massive campaign
that's nationwide in scope. there are those who keep part of the
money both black and white people " Carter said. "That's something
that's almost impossible to prevent.
"Obviously. it hurts me politically.
**Weve tried to minimize this kind of campaign abuse in every way
pôssible. All our leaders. both black and white, are thoroughly
indoctrinated on the question of avoiding any source of abuse
Carter said he has asked campaign treasurer Robert Lipshutz to
investigate the allegations, and he promised he would release
Lipschutz's findings to the press.
Today Carter embarks on a week of speech-making. with a major
consumér address in Washington to a group organized by Ralph Nader.
After his speech to the Public Citizens Forum. the Democratic
presidential candidate was scheduled to spend most of the afternoon
meeting with congressional leaders and freshmen congressmen. He
returns to Plains tonight.
Nader traveled to Plains Saturday for a discussion of consumer
issues with Carter. He said the consumer-related positions of the
nominee were the best of any presidential candidate in recent decades.
Carter said today's speech would largely consist of subjects which he
and Nader discussed.
0752aED 08-09
tical Cash Sometimes
21
Carter Campaign
rocketed, Carter Admits
Los Angeles Times
(8/9/76)
There are always expenses to be
taken care of. Also, quite often, mon-
ey is allocated to black and white
He Denies Knowing About Abuses, Confirms That
leaders not only for those purposes
$150,000 in Campaign Funds Is Unaccounted for
but to distribute literature, to pay
people for it.
"I don't have any doubt that some-
BY KENNETH REICH
where in a massive campaign, nation-
Times Political Writer
wide in scope, that there are others
PLAINS, Ga.-Jimmy Carter said
Robert Lipshutz, Carter campaign
who keep part of the money, both
here Sunday that he had no doubt
treasurer, said Sunday that the cam-
black and white people, and that's
that "on occasion" black ministers
paign had spent a little more than $9
something that is almost impossible
million in the primaries and received
to prevent.
and other persons paid by the Carter
campaign to organize political rallies
about $3 million in federal matching
"We do suffer because of it, when
and distribute pamphlets had pocket-
funds.
there is money spent and when
ed some of the money.
Carter's press secretary, Jody
there's no substantiation afterwards
Commenting on a Los Angeles
Powell, said that a major effort was
on how it is spent, then we don't get
Times story Sunday that cited such
under way, with the accounting firm
matching funds for that purpose
possible occurrences in the San Fran-
of Arthur Young & Co. retained to
Sometimes the money's spent legiti-
cisco Bay Area, the Democratic pres-
help in it, to reduce the amount of
mately, but no records are kept and
expenditures that were unaccounted
ACTION
ROUTING AND TRANSMITTAL SLIP
1 TO (Name, office symbol or location)
INITIALS
CIRCULATE
Philip W. Buchen, Esq.
Counsel to the President
DATE
COORDINATION
The White House
2
INITIALS
FILE
(Via Messenger)
DATE
INFORMATION
3
INITIALS
NOTE AND
RETURN
DATE
PER CON -
VERSATION
4
INITIALS
SEE ME
DATE
SIGNATURE
REMARKS
Forwarded herewith are memoranda pre-
pared in the Criminal Division concerning
18 U.S.C. § 602.
copy 9/2 pent. n
mabe Barry
of original to N. me. FORD
SEALE LIBRARY
Do NOT use this form as a RECORD of approvals, concurrences,
disapprovals, clearances, and similar actions.
FROM (Name, office symbol or location)
DATE
Leon Ju Ulman
9/1/76
PHONE
OPTIONAL FORM 41
GPO c43-16-81418-1 419-015
5041-101
AUGUST 1967
GSA FPMR (41CFR) 100-11.206
John C. Keeney
May 1, 1972
Chief, Fraud Section
CCD:lmc
Criminal Division
craig c. Donsanto
Attorney, Election Unit
Criminal Division
18 U.S.C. 602
The purpose of this memo is to review the legislative
and case history of the above statute to ascertain whether it
prohibits a candidate for Federal office from receiving a
totally voluntary contribution from a person who 1s employed by
the Federal Government which is sent to him personally rather
than to his political committee. This review is necessitated
by receipt of a letter from Congressman William Scott of Virginia
in which Congressman Scott informed that he has personally
received a letter from a lady living in Fairfax County in which
she statos that she would like to work for Senator Scott's
compaign for the Scnate but/1s precluded from doing so because
she works for the Federal Government and that, therefore, she 18
enclosing a $10 contribution to show how much she thinks of him.
18 U.S.C. 602 reads ns follows:
"Whoever, being a Senator or Representative in,
or Delegate or Resident Commissioner to, or a
candidate for Congress, or an individual elected
as, Senator, Representative, Dolegate, or
Resident Commissioner, or an officer or employee
of the United States or any department or agency
thereof, or a person receiving any salary or
compensation for services from money derived of
the Trcasury of the United States, directly
or indirectly solicits, receives, or is any matter
concerned in soliciting or receiving, any assess-
ment, subscription, or contribution for any
political purpose whatever, from any other such
officer, employee, or person, shall be fined not
more than $5,000 or imprisoned not more than three
years or both."
A litcral reading of this statute seems to indicate
that it would in fact prohibit candidates for Federal office
from receiving a totally voluntary contribution from a Federal
employee, and at least one early District Court case seems to
support this construction United States To Curtis, 12 F. 824
- 2 -
(2d Cir. 1882). Although the Curtis case contains no precise
statement of the facts involved, 1L does appear that the
defendent moved to disniss an indictment under a predccessor
of Section 602 on the grounds that the statute was ultra
viros the constitutionally granted powers of Congress. His
argument in support of this contention was that under Article 1,
Section 8 of the Constitution, Congress lucked the power to
legislate into the private lives of citizens even though they
be Federal employees, and that, therefore, this statute was
overreaching cince on its face it purported to prevent a candidate
from receiving political contributions from Federal employees
even though the contributions were made voluntarily. Addressing
itsolf to this issue, the court hold that Congress did have the
power to enact this statute, and the count issued the following
pronouncement on the power of Congress to prohibit voluntary
contributions:
"It 10 insisted for the defendent that it
is not within the Constitutional power of
Congress to make the giving or requesting
or receiving of a voluntary contribution
for political purposes by subordinate
Government officials a criminal offense.
It will be observed, however, that the
prohibition applics only when there is
concerted action between between the
officials in this behalf. We cannot
affirm that Congress transcended its dis-
cretion in prohibiting transactions between
officials which create the relation of
donor and dence, and introduce party interests
into the public service; nor that Congress
erred in assuming that the influence springing
from this relationship and these interests
should be discouraged CD liable to deDect the
independence and impartiality which rust rule
official intercourse
If it 1c suggested
that it is the right and duty of every good
citizen to aid in promoting such political
objects as he decms to be wise and beneficial,
and that Congress has no Constitutional power
to abridge that right, the answer in that no
citizen 1s required to hold a public office
11
In Chort, what the court is saying here is that if
Section 602 should be construed to apply to voluntary funds,
Congress could constitutionally enact such legislation for
the purpose of preventing the maintenance of an illicit
relationship between donor and donee which would be detrimental
to a politically independent civil service.
- 3 -
Be this as 1t may, 1t is my conclusion that it
was the intention of Congress in enacting this statute that
it apply only to prohibit the receipt of political contri-
butions which had been obtained from Federal employees
through the use of some form of coercion, and that in
excrcising prosecutive discretion in these matters we ought
to read coercion into this statute as a necessary element
of the offense.
This recommendation is predicated principally
upon two factors: 1). the rather clear language in several
cases decided after Curtis which indicate that the statute
was intended by Congress to apply only to corrced contributions,
and 2) the fact that every reported case litigated under this
scction appears to have involved fairly acgravated situations
of coercing subordinate employees to contribute to political
causes.
With respect to the first of these points, in
the case of United States V. Murzbach, 280 U. S. 296 (1929),
the United States Supreme Court held that Section 602 was
within the power of Congress to enact, In DO doing the
court strongly indicated that should be construed to apply
only to the solicitation and receipt of cocrced contributions:
"It hardly needs argument to show that
Congress may provide that ito officers
and employees neither shall exercise
nor should be subjected to pressure for
money for political purposes, or by others
of their kind while they retain their office
of employment." supra at 398-399. Emphasis
added.
Wurzbach 18 the only caso that the Supreme Court has ever
decided construing this section, and I submit that its use
of the word "pressure" in that part of the decision dealing
with the statutes purpose strengly indicates Judicial
recognition of the fact that some aspect of coercion 18
necessary before a case may be brought within the terms of
the Statuto. So also in the case of United States V. Burleson,
127 F. Supp. 400 (D. Tenn. 1954), n District Court stated in
passing upon the sufficiency of an indictment under Section 602:
"Section 602 13 part of more comprehensive
legislation (tho Civil Service Act of 1882).
In reference to prior law on a portion of that
legislation (18 U.S.C. 603), the Supreme Court
has declared 1t as having for its purpose the
the checking of n phlitical abuse. In every
day language the abuse 10 called a shake down
system - Section 602 does not undortake to
protect every citizen who works on a Government
- 4 -
construction Job from the abuse of
political squeeze. It does, however,
intend to protect those who are employees
or quasi employees of the Government and
those in classes casily exposed to the
abuse of courced political contributions."
In the case of United States V. Riley, 74 F. Supp 210
(D.C. Ken. 1895), the court, in discussing the typo of
transaction which this statute reaches continually rebrs
to the statute as prohibiting the solicitation or receipt
of "assessments". The ordináry meaning of the term
"assessments" is a contributina which is given as a matter
of duty, and which the person making has no discretion
to refuse. Finally, I think it is notworthy that even
in the case of United States V. Curtis the District Court
for the Southern District of New York indicated in very
procise language that the principal purpose of Congress in
enacting What is now Section 602 was to prohibit the
practice of extracting political contributions from Federal
employees by the use of job pressure and moral coercion:
"We cannot profess to be ignorant that
this law was enacted in order to intordict
practices which had become a topic of extended
animidversion. But, although it may have
been nimed at the suppression of the practice
which has prevailed among party organizations
of soliciting contributions for party purposes
from among thoir office holding nembers, or
extracting them by moral: coercion; and
although its provisions may be well calculated
to effect this object, it doos not follow that
it can be sustained as a legislative means to
that end." 12 F. 838.
As for the second consideration, 1t 10 noteworthy
that every case ever decided under this Section where the
facts are disclosed by the court involved the application of
some coercive force in order to induce the Federal employee
in question to part with his money.
In this regard, United States V. Rilcy, supra, and
a related case arising out of the some facts, United States V.
Scott, 74 F. Supp. 214 (D. Tenn. 1895), both involved a fund
raising scheme in which supervisors in the Federal Revenue
Service coerced political contributions to the Republican Party
from their subordinates by threatening their Jobs.
I/
Ao indicated previously, the court then went on to hold
that the statuto was not ultra vires the power of Congress
even if it should be construed to prohibit the colicitation
or receipt of voluntary contributions from Federal employees,
- 5 -
In Brehm V. United States, 196 F. 2d 769 (D. C. Cir. 1952),
& United States Congressman was charged with receiving contributions
from a clerk in his office to help finance his campaign for re-
election. As described in the decision, the contributions amounted
to nothing more than a kickback since the Congressman had made it
a condition of his clerk's employment that she return to him a
designated portion of her salary for political purposes. In
United States V. Burleson, supra, a Government subcontractor was
charged with soliciting contributions from his employees by
threatening them with dismissal if they did not give.2/ United
States V. Cason, 39 F. Supp. 730 (W.D. La 1940), involved the
solicitation of subscriptions to a party newspaper by a commis-
sioner of Labor from subordinate employees of the Labor Department.
As can be clearly seen, the above cases all involve
some aspect of coercion, usually in the form of job pressure,
by a superior employee upon a subordinate employee in order to
induce the subordinate to contribute.3/
Based on the above considerations, it is my opinion
that Section 602 applies only to the solicitation or receipt
of contributions where some form of coercion is applied to the
Federal employee contributing or being asked to contribute.
Accordingly, in my opinion this Department should not
recommend a case for prosecution under this Section where there
is no indication that the contribution in question has been
involuntarily given by the Federal employee through the ap-
plication of some form of coercive pressure. Of course,
whether such coercion is orais not present is a question of
fact which must be determined on a case by case basis. However,
I believe that it can be said with a degree of certainty that
in the situation posited by Congressman Scott of the receipt
of a contribution from a Federal employee who is in no way
associated with the Congressman's office, and is not directly
or indirectly subject to his supervisory control in her
2/ In this case the court eventually held that a Government sub-
contractor was not a person receiving a salary from the Treasury,
and was thus not subject to the prohibitions of Section 602.
3/ The cases of U. S. V. Wurzbach, U.S. V. Curtis, cited elsewhere
in this memo, contain no statement indicating what facts they
arose from. These account for all of the cases reported under
Section 602, 18 U.S.C.
- 6 -
Federal job, and which was accompanied by a statement from the
contributing employee that the contribution was being made out
of admiration for the Congressman's political record, is not a
coerced contribution as would warrant prosecution of the donee
under Section 602.4/
In conclusion, it is noted that Section 602 limits
the persons to whom its prohibition applies to a certain class,
namely those who hold Federal office, are candidates for Federal
office or who receive their salaries from the Treasury. In
this regard, this section does not reach the activities of
2
members of a candidate's campaign committee who do not them-
selves belong to this class, and the requirement that the
solicitation or receipt in question have been a "knowing"
one5/ would seem to protect a. candidate from being personally
liable for any coersive activities of his campaign staff
where he has isolated himself from their fund raising.
activities to a sufficient degree that knowledge of their
activities can not be imputed to him. However, it must be
emphasized that Section 602 expressly prohibits those persons
within its scope from soliciting or receiving "indirectly"
However, in view of the fact that the contribution was made
to the candidate personally rather than to one of his
campaign committees, it should be noted that this Federal
employee, herself, would be subject to administrative job
action by the Civil Service Commission for violation of a
regulation which permits Federal employees to contribute
to campaign committees but prohibits them from giving
directly to candidates. In addition, the contributing
employee may also be in violation of 18 U.S.C. 607 which,
when read literally, purports to prohibit Federal employees
from giving political contributions to incumbent congressmen
either directly or indirectly. Section 607 is treated in a
separate memo.
5/ See: Brehm V. United States, Supra; and United States V.
Cason, Supra, holding that to fall within Section 607 a
solicitation or receipt. must have been effected with
knowledge of the Federal employment status of the con-
tributor. Where a solicitation or receipt is effected
by a candidate "indirectly" through others, this would also
appear to require that the candidate have had personal
knowledge of the coersion being employed to generate
the contributions.
- 7 -
as well as "directly; accordingly where a candidate can be
shown to have been personally aware that his campaign staff
has been engaged in a scheme to shakedown Federal employees
on his behalf the candidate cannot, in my view, escape
liability under Section 602 merely by relying upon the fact
that the "contributions" were delivered to members of his
campaign committee rather than to himself. The receipt of
coerced contributions by a candidate through non-Federally
employed under such circumstances would clearly constitute
an "indirect" receipt within the meaning of this Section.
Form DJ-130
(Bd. 4-26-59)
UNITED STATES GOV NMENT
DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE
Memorandum
TO
: Election Policy File
DATE: June 2, 1972
FROM
:
Craig C. Donsanto
CCD:mhh
Attorney, Fraud Section
Criminal Division
SUBJECT: 18 U.S.C. 602 Ex Parte Curtis, 106 U.S. 371 (1882)
The case of Ex Parte Curtis lends further support to the
theory advanced in my earlier memo on section 602 to the
effect that that section applies only to the receipt by Federal
employees or candidates for Federal office of contributions from
other Federal employees where there is some evidence that the
contributions in question had been coerced through the application
of either direct or indirect pressure.
In this case, the Supreme Court upheld the constitutionality
of a predecessor to both sections 607 and 602 which in effect
purported to prohibit the handling of political contributions between
Federal employees. The Court noted that this statute was within
the power of Congress to enact, relying on Congress' interest in
maintaining the impartiality of the Federal civil service.
In reaching this conclusion, the Court seemed to take for
granted that the statute was to be applied to prohibit the receipt
of contributions only where there was evidence that some form of
coercion had motivated the Federal employee to part with his money
In this respect, the Court said:
"A feeling of independence under the law conduces
to faithful public service, and nothing tends more
to take away this feeling than a dread of dismissal,
If contributions from those in public employment
may be solicited by others in official authority, it
is easy to see that what begins as a request may
end as a demand, and that failure to meet the
demand may be treated by those having the power
of removal as a breach of some supposed duty,
growing out of the political relations of the parties.
- 2 -
Contributions secured under such circumstances
will quite as likely be made to avoid the conse-
quences of personal displeasure of a superior
as to promote the political views of the contri-
butor to avoid a discharge from the service,
not to exercise a political privilege. The law
contemplates no restrictions upon either giving
or receiving, except so far as may be necessary
to protect, in some degree, those in the public
service against exactions through fear of
person loss, " Supra at 374.
Phil,
I seem to be an intermediary for
speaker requests. I sent the request
to Mr. Spencer so I assume you would
have suggested if I had called.
Ed Wilson is quite an influential person
in Southern California. Among other
things he is the youngest person to
serve as President of the Tournament
of Roses and Rose Bowl. He also serves
with me on the Executive Committee of
the Bank Marketing Association -- the
source of my request last week.
Marty
SEALE R. FORD LIBRARY
OLD KENT BANK AND TRUST COMPANY
NUMBER ONE VANDENBERG CENTER
GRAND RAPIDS, MICHIGAN 49502
MARTIN J. ALLEN, JR.
SENIOR VICE PRESIDENT
DIRECTOR OF MARKETING
616 451-5278
September 8, 1976
Mr. Stuart Spencer
President Ford Committee
1828 L Street, N.W.
Suite 250
Washington, D.C. 20036
Dear Mr. Spencer:
I am writing on behalf on my close friend and respected
associate, Mr. Edward Wilson, Senior Vice President of
United California Bank.
SERVICE a. FORD LIBRARY
Attached you will find a copy of his letter to me concerning
his request for President Ford to appear before the
Hollywood Radio and Television Society in October. Details
can be found in his letter. Mr. Wilson will gladly provide
any further information that you might find necessary. His
telephone number is (213) 614-4394.
I would appreciate it if you would communicate directly
with Mr. Wilson at your earliest convenience on this matter.
Thank you for your consideration.
Sincerely,
enc.
cc: Philip W. Buchen
Phil MJallenJu Martin J. Allen, Jr. in the
Edward Wilson
request list Row The over the a century plues of Banking Service maty
UNITED CALIFORNIA BANK
LOS ANGELES, CALIFORNIA 90017
EDWARD WILSON SENIOR VICE PRESIDENT
DIRECTOR OF MARKETING
August 31, 1976
Mr. Martin J. Allen, Jr.
Senior Vice President
Old Kent Bank & Trust Company
One Vandenberg Center
Grand Rapids, Michigan 49502
Dear Marty:
I am a member of the board of directors of the Hollywood Radio &
Television Society, an organization that meets for a Newsmaker
Luncheon each month at the Beverly Wilshire or Century Plaza Hotel.
The Society's 500 members are top executives involved with broad-
casting, broadcast advertising, program and commercial production,
or allied fields. Since 1960, HRTS has sponsored the annual Inter-
national Broadcasting Awards which honor the "world's best" radio
and television commercials. Last year, the competition drew some
3,500 entries from 47 nations.
During the past season, our luncheon speakers included: Leonard
Goldenson, chairman of the board of the American Broadcasting
Companies, Inc.; FCC Chairman Richard Wiley; Arthur Taylor, president
of CBS, Inc.; Kathleen Nolan, president of the Screen Actors Guild;
Dinah Shore; Howard Cosell; Roone Arledge, and others. This season,
the following speakers will be among those who will appear: Robert
Wussler, president of CBS Television (September 20); the three
network program chiefs (November 4); and NBC's Rose Bowl and Super
Bowl sportscasters (January 5). We have held October open for the
possibility of featuring a nationally prominent office seeker. Like
most of the Society's board members, I would prefer to see President
Ford use the occasion as a political platform rather than the Peanut
King.
All of the foregoing is by way of asking if you might be able to
contact a member of the President's staff to determine if President
Ford could schedule an address to the Hollywood Radio & Television
Society on any weekday in October? My one assurance is that the
media coverage would be disproportionately larger than the audience
in attendance.
Warm personal regards.
Cordially,
Ed
Date 10/13/76
FOR
Phillip Buchen
FROM John Kwapisz PFC OR
FOR APPROPRIATE HANDLING
FOR YOUR INFORMATION
I'm very
concerned about
this
TO: Bob Teeter
10/]2/76
K
of
STATE
FORD
FROM: John Kwapisz
LIBRARY
RE: Media Campaign
Since we are moving into the final phase of the media effort, and since I
have had numerous ideas regarding our ad plans, I thought I would offer some
of them to you now. Charlie has also encouraged me to offer my suggestions,
Of course, the effort to convey the trustworthiness and the dependability of
President Ford is an important part of the campaign. But people are unlikely
to vote for him just because he is an honest, decent guy. We must press the
attack on Carter, as we are beginning to do in the ads and elsewhere. Criticism
should not only be leveled at his fuzziness and deception, but also about his
poor record in Georgia (about which he deceives the voters) and his dangerous
and irresponsible defense and foreign policy proposals.
At the same time we need to continue establishing the positive image of the
President. Unfortunately, I am afraid that too much of our effort in this
regard has used image to convey image, rather than using substance to achieve
the same end. The American people are tired of vagueness and image-making; they
would like to see some substance which demonstrates leadership, achievement, and
trust. With respect to President Ford, that substance exists, but we seem
frequently unwilling to utilize it, not just in ads, but elsewhere. Yet the
facts are there to back him up on leadership and initiatives for America's future.
The President spoke about some of these initiatives in his Michigan speech, one
of the few times, strangely, that I know of when they have been seriously mentioned,
except for partially in the first debate. He talked about his proposals in the
following areas: jobs; inflation; increasing home ownership; catastrophic health
insurance; reform/consolidation of federal health programs (read: reorganization
and cutting the federal bureaucracy--there is more of this which has not been
publicized) ;reform in federal aid to education (again, consolidation and revenue
sharing, which is doing something about the mess and waste in Washington); tax
credits for tuition to private schools; anti-crime legislation; expanded national
parks. Some of these issues are sexy; some are not. Most have been proposed to
Congress, which has failed to act. Taken as a whole they form a rather nice pro-
gram, and one that blunts some of Carter's appeal, particularly his frequent
charge that Ford "has not taken the leadership in proposing a single program as
far as I know to alleviate our problems." (Readers' Digest, Oct. 76) A nice ad
could easily be done on this.
In general, I think there are several major areas that we need to hit with ads,
including Ford-Carter comparisons. The major ones are: Inflation-the Economy,
Taxes, Defense, and the Carter Recod in Georgia. More on this later.
I also have what I think are some good ad lines and punch lines, which I will
get to you soon.
Campaign
THE WHITE HOUSE
WASHINGTON
Ask Barry
to prepare
memo for
me.
J.
THE WHITE HOUSE
WASHINGTON
October 28, 1976
MEMORANDUM FOR:
PHIL BUCHEN
FROM:
JACK MARCH
It has been suggested that the President send the
accompanying telegram to the individuals set out on
the attached. This has been done in the past.
The question is who should pay for the same. I assume
it would have to come out of the PFC.
MEMORANDUM
THE WHITE HOUSE
WASHINGTON
October 28, 1978
NK:
Text of suggested night letter from the President to:
1. 128 House Republican Incumbent candidates
2. 3. 100 House key challenger candidates (as designated by Rep. Cong. Camp. Cmte)
30 Senate candidates (incumbents & challengers)
"Congratulations for a fine campaign and best wishes for your
election on November 2. I would appreciate a report from you
on Election Night. Call A.C. 202-456-1414 and ask for the
House/Senate Liaison Office. I will be receiving reports from
them. With warm regards.
/s/ Gerald R. Ford
Query -- who pays?
vo
Republican
National
Committee.
October 28, 1976
To:
Richard Cheney
Edward Schmults
From
James N. Juliana, Director, Ballot Security
J. Michael Farrell, PFC Liaison
Subject:
ELECTION DAY CONTACTS
Pursuant to your request, we have prepared the following out-
line of the headquarters staff and contact points in the target
states as follows:
James N. Juliana, Director, Ballot Security
Project Integrity - 1976
1828 L Street, N.W.
Washington, D.C. 20036
Toll free (800) 424-9811
or
(202) 457-6600 (10th floor switchboard PFC)
(202) 457-6400 (2nd floor switchboard PFC)
J. Michael Farrell, Volunteer Counsel
President Ford Committee
1828 L Street, N.W.
Washington, D.C. 20036
(202) 457-6634
Robert P. Visser, General Counsel
President Ford Committee
1828 L Street, N.W.
Washington, D.C. 20036
(202) 457-6424
T. Timothy Ryan, Asst. General Counsel
R.
President Ford Committee
1828 L Street, N.W.
GERAL
FORD
Washington, D.C. 20036
(202) 457-6424
Dwight D. Eisenhower Republican Center: 310 First Street Southeast, Washington, D.C. 20003. (202) 484-6500.
- 2 -
Legal Task Force
Frank H. Strickler
)
Co-Chairmen
Robert F. Sagle
)
1828 L Street, N.W.
Washington, D.C. 20036
(202) 457-6600 (10th Floor Switchboard)
(202) 457-6400 (2nd Floor Switchboard)
CRITICAL STATES
Arizona
Ronald W. Carmichael, Chairman, Ballot Security
40 East Thomas Street, Suite 100
Phoenix, Árizona 85012
(602) 248-8484
California
Dave Liggett
Executive Director, PFC
Century Plaza Hotel
Los Angeles, California
(213) 277-2000
Florida
Steve Reynolds, Chairman, Ballot Security
933 Frankland Road
Tampa, Florida
(813) 251-9315
Illinois
Roy Kullby, Chairman, Ballot Security
Travelodge Motel, Rooms 348-350
(312) 281-1451 or (312) 644-0370 or 0371
Indiana
Don A. Tabbert, Chairman, Ballot Security
Convention Center
Indianapolis, Indiana
(317) 632-7378 or (317) 632-8165
Kentucky
Lowell Reece, Executive Director, PFC
309 College Street
Somerset, Kentucky 42501
(502) 459-4670
- 3 -
Maryland
Herman Intemann, Executive Director, PFC
1623 Forest Drive
Annapolis, Maryland 21401
(301) 268-7470; (301) 224-7268; (301) 261-8250
Michigan
John Hathaway
Chairman, Ballot Security
(313) 662-4426
(313) 663-4897
s
(313) 994-4657
Missouri
Wayne Millsap
Danforth Senatorial Campaign Committee
President Ford Committee
7777 Bonhomme, Suite 23300
Clayton, Missouri 63105
(314) 726-6545
New Jersey
John Whaley, Director, Ballot Security
Essex County Republican Headquarters
622 Bloomfield Avenue
Bloomfield, New Jersey
(201) 429-7540 or (201) 429-7545
New Mexico
Jim Manatt
Executive Director, PFC
Hilton Inn
Albuquerque, New Mexico
(505) 243-8661
North Carolina
Ted Heydinger, Executive Director
Royal Villa Motor Hotel, Hospitality Suite
(919) 782-4433 or (919) 821-5021
Ohio
Charles E. Shanklin, Counsel
100 East Grand Street
Columbus, Ohio 43215
(513) 826-4121
- 4 -
Pennsylvania
J. Michael Willmann
Director, Ballot Security
PFC
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
(215) 546-8610 or (215) 546-8611
Texas
C. J. (Neil) Calnan, Chairman, Ballot Security
President Ford Headquarters
3
1011 Congress, Suite 520
Austin, Texas 78701
(512) 477-9821
THE WHITE HOUSE
WASHINGTON
November 4, 1976
MEMORANDUM FOR:
PHIL BUCHEN
FROM:
MAX FRIEDERSDORF m.b
SUBJECT:
Voter Irregularity
We just received a call from New Orleans. There is a
front page story running in the NEW ORLEANS TIMES-PICAUYNE
about the vote in Orleans Parrish, which cast 217,061
votes. There are only 216,000 registered voters in that
parrish, and it is estimated that 65% of those registered
voted, or approximately 140,000.
Orleans Parrish votes for electors, rather than candidates,
and the totals were: 87,581 for Carter, 66,612 for Ford,
for a total of 154,193, with the balance going to others.
The discrepency between the number of votes cast, 217,061,
and the estimated number of voters, 140,000, is approximately
77,000 which is about the vote by which the President lost
the State of Louisiana.
CC: Jack Marsh
Dick Cheney
Ed Schmults
STATE FORD LIBRARY
THE WHITE HOUSE
WASHINGTON
November 5, 1976
MEMORANDUM FOR:
JACK MARSH
DICK CHENEY
PHIL BUCHEN
FROM:
MAX FRIEDERSDORF
w-6
SUBJECT:
Voting Irregularities
I have had a number of calls concerning vote fraud, etc.
I don't know how much of this is accurate, but I would
feel remiss if I did not pass along the information.
One report from Roger Barth, a local attorney of repute
(phone 833-2266) is that Governor Rhodes of Ohio called
the President and offered to go to the mat in Ohio on a
recount.
Barth said he had tried to call Visser at PFC, to no avail,
and Barth said he would take a team of lawyers and fly them
out on a moment's notice.
Barth said that a recount in New York would gain 100,000
to 150,000 votes and there are still 600,000 uncounted
absentees which would be mostly Republican.
Barth said the New York, Ohio and Louisiana situations,
and possibly Mississippi offer opportunities to reverse
the election.
Barth believes the President does not have to get involved
but local and PFC officials could contest these elections.
We shouldn't be scared off, Barth concluded, because of
the divisive argument. Better a little divisiveness than
four years of Carter.
CC: Ed Schmults
CENTER THE UNITED