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1489618
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7/28-29/75 - Warsaw (1)
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1489618
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document
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7/28-29/75 - Warsaw (1)
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collections
Sheila R. Weidenfeld Files (Ford Administration)
Sheila Weidenfeld's Trip Files
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Poland
President (1974-1977 : Ford). Office of the First Lady. 1974-1977
Voyages and travels
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1975-07-31
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7
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1975
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1975-06-01
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6
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1975
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The original documents are located in Box 17, folder "7/28-29/75 - Warsaw (1)" of the
Sheila Weidenfeld Files at the Gerald R. Ford Presidential Library.
Copyright Notice
The copyright law of the United States (Title 17, United States Code) governs the making of
photocopies or other reproductions of copyrighted material. Gerald Ford donated to the United
States of America his copyrights in all of his unpublished writings in National Archives collections.
Works prepared by U.S. Government employees as part of their official duties are in the public
domain. The copyrights to materials written by other individuals or organizations are presumed to
remain with them. If you think any of the information displayed in the PDF is subject to a valid
copyright claim, please contact the Gerald R. Ford Presidential Library.
Digitized from Box 17 of the Sheila Weidenfeld Files
at the Gerald R. Ford Presidential Library
Ministry of Foreign Affairs
Diplomatic Protocol
PROGRAMME
OF THE STATE VISIT TO POLAND
OF HIS EXCELLENCY THE PRESIDENT
OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
AND
MADAME GERALD R. FORD
July 28-29,1975
PROGRAMME
OF THE STATE VISIT TO POLAND
OF HIS EXCELLENCY THE PRESIDENT
OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
AND
MADAME GERALD R. FORD
July 28-29, 1975
Residence
Car No
President of the United States of America
Mr. Gerald R. FORD
Wilanów
A
Mrs. Gerald R. FORD
Wilanów
B
OFFICIAL PARTY
Henry A. KISSINGER
Parkowa
4
Secretary of State and Assistant
Villa IA
to the President
Ambassador Richard T. DAVIES
34 Idzikow-
6
skiego st.
Robert T. HARTMANN
Parkowa
7
Counselor to the President
apt. 113
Ronald H. NESSEN
Parkowa
P-9
Press Secretary to the President
apt. 213
LGen Brent SCOWCROFT
Parkowa
7
Deputy Assistant to the President
Villa IB
for National Security Affairs
Richard B. CHENEY
Wilanów
I
Deputy Assistant to the President
apt. C/D
Helmut SONNENFELDT
Parkowa
8
Counselor of the Department of State
apt. 202
Arthur A. HARTMAN
Parkowa
8
Assistant Secretary of State for
apt. 203
European Affairs
3
ACCOMPANYING PERSONS
Residence
Car No
A. Denis CLIFT
Parkowa
Residence
Car No
National Security Council
apt. 109
Jack FORD
Wilanów
14
Senior Staff Member
apt. E
Hal SAUNDERS
Parkowa
Terrence O'DONNELL
Parkowa
I
Senior Staff Member,
apt. IIO
Aide to the President
Villa III
National Security Council
Byron CAVANEY
Parkowa
17
William GREENER
Hotel «Forum»
Director of the Advance Office
Villa III
Deputy Press Secretary to the President
H.S. KNIGHT
Hotel «Forum»
John W. HUSHEN
Hotel «Forum»
Director of the United States
apt. 2907
Deputy Press Secretary to the President
Secret Service
Sheila WEIDENFELD
Parkowa
Brigadier General
Hotel «Forum»
Press Secretary to Mrs. Ford
apt. III
Lawrence A. ADAMS
Thomas P. DECAIR
Hotel «Forum»
Director, White House
Assistant Press Secretary to the President
Communications Agency
Major
Parkowa
Robert F. GOODWIN
Parkowa
17
Robert BARRETT
Special Assistant to the President
Villa III
apt. 313
Army Aide to the President
Rear Admiral
Wilanów
L. Paul BREMER
Parkowa
William M. LUKASH, USN
apt. F
Executive Assistant to the Secretary
Villa IB
Physician to the President
of State
Captain
Parkowa
David Hume KENNERLY
Parkowa
I
Lee KOLLMORGEN
apt. 413
Military Assistant to the President
Personal Photographer to the President
apt. 403
Keith KRETCHMER
Parkowa
L. Ray HUNT
Parkowa
Staff Assistant to the President
Villa III
Deputy Assistant Secretary of State
apt. 302
for Operations
Milton FRIEDMAN
Parkowa
President's Speechwriting Office
apt. 402
Assistant Editor
4
5
PROGRAMME
lun't
la
hive()
11:18
MONDAY, JULY 28
II.45 a.m. - Arrival of the Presidential aircraft at Oke-
cie Military Aiport.
Official welcome. (Annex 1).
12.20 p.m. - Departure for the Residence at Wilanów
Palace.
12.55 p.m. - Arrival at Wilanów Palace.
1.25 p.m. - Departure for the Tomb of the Unknown
Soldier.
I.40 p.m. - Laying of a wreath at the Tomb of
the Unknown Soldier. (Annex 2)
1.50 p.m. - Departure for the Palace of the Council of
Ministers (50, Krakowskie Przedmieście).
2.00 p.m. - Luncheon given by the First Secretary of
the Central Committee of the Polish Uni-
ted Workers' Party and Madame Edward
Gierek in honour of His Excellency the
President of the United States of America
and Madame Gerald R. Ford.
Concert.
9
Monday, July 28
TUESDAY, JULY 29
4.00 p.m.- - Departure by cars for the sightseeing tour
Departure for Kraków
of Warsaw.
8.45 a.m. - Departure from Wilanów for Okęcie Mili-
4.55 p.m. - Arrival at the Sejm.
tary Aiport.
5.00 p.m. - Talks.
9.00 a.m. - Departure by DC 137 for Kraków (Balice
Airport).
- Signing of the Joint Statement.
9.45 a.m. - Arrival at Balice Airport.
7.00 p.m. - Departure for the Residence.
- Welcome ceremony.
8.30 p.m. - Dinner given by the President of the Uni-
ted States of America and Madame Gerald
10.00 a.m.- Departure by helicopters for Oświęcim-
R. Ford in honour of the First Secretary of
Brzezinka.
the Central Committee of the Polish Uni-
ted Workers' Party and Madame Edward
10.20 a.m.- - Arrival at Oświęcim-Brzezinka.
Gierek at Wilanów Palace.
10.25 a.m. - Laying of a wreath at the International Mo-
nument.
- Signing of the Memorial Book.
10.50 a.m.- Departure by helicopters for the Clinic of
Peadiatric Surgery at Prokocim.
IO
II
PROGRAMME FOR
Tuesday, July 29
H.E. DR. HENRY A. KISSINGER
Monday, July 28
- Visit to the Clinic of Peadiatric Surgery.
4.00 p.m. - Departure from the Palace of the Council
of Ministers.
- Signing of the Memorial Book.
4.10 p.m. - Arrival at the Ministry of Foreign Affairs
11.30 a.m. - Departure by cars for Wawel.
at 23 I Armii Wojska Polskiego.
- Meeting with the First Secretary of
- Conversation with H.E. Mr. Stefan Olszow-
the Central Committee of the Polish United
ski, Minister of Foreign Affairs.
Workers' Party Mr. E. Gierek and Prime
Minister Mr. P. Jaroszewicz.
4.50 p.m. - Departure for the Sejm.
11.45 a.m. - Arrival at Market Square.
12.10 p.m. - Arrival at Wawel Castle.
12.40 p.m.- Luncheon given by Prime Minister and
Mrs. P. Jaroszewicz.
2.00 p.m. - Departure by cars for Balice Airport.
2.20 p.m. - Arrival at the airport. Official Farewell.
2.35 p.m. - Departure by DC 137 for Helsinki.
12
13
PROGRAMME FOR MRS. GERALD R. FORD
Tuesday, July 29
I0.00a.m.- - Departure from Balice airport for
Collegium Maius.
10.20 a.m. - Arrival at Collegium Maius.
- Visit to the Jagiellonian University
Collection.
- Signing of the Memorial Book.
10.50 a.m. - Walk to the Market Square.
11.35 a.m. - Departure for Wawel.
11.40 a.m. - Arrival to Wawel.
12.10 p.m. - Visit to Wawel.
15
Annex I
LAYING OF A WREATH
AT THE TOMB OF THE UNKNOWN SOLDIER
Monday, July 28
1.25 p.m. - Departure from the Residence.
1.40 p.m. - Arrival at the Tomb of the Unknown Sol-
dier, Director of Diplomatic Protocol pre-
sents to His Excellency the President of
the United States of America the Minister
of National Defense, the Chairman of the
Council of Voievodship of Warsaw, the Pre-
sident of Warsaw, the Commander of the
Warsaw Military Garrison, the Chief of the
Foreign Section of the Army General Staff.
- The Guard of Honour of Polish Army with
banner and band will be to the right of
the Tomb of the Unknown Soldier.
- H.E. the President of the United States of
America stands behind the wreath held by
two officers of the United States Marine
Corps.
- The band plays National Anthem of
the United States of America.
- To the beating of drums, the cortege ad-
vances towards the Tomb.
- Laying of the wreath.
- The band plays National Anthem
of Poland.
17
- Signing of the Memorial Book.
Annex 2
- H.E. the President of the United States of
OFFICIAL FAREWELL CEREMONY
America salutes the colors.
AT BALICE AIRPORT KRAKÓW
1.50 p.m. - Departure for the Palace of the Council of
Tuesday, July 29
Ministers.
2.20 p.m. - The President of the United States and
Mrs. Ford are accompanied to the airport
by the I st. Secretary of the PUWP and
Mrs. Edward Gierek, the Chairman of the
Council of State and Mrs. Henryk Jabłoński,
Prime Minister and Mrs. Piotr Jaroszewicz,
Minister of Foreign Affairs and
Mrs. Stefan Olszowski.
- Arrival at the airport.
- The band plays the national anthems of
the United States of America and of Poland.
- The President of the United States accom-
panied by the I st. Secretary of the PUWP,
proceeds towards the Guard of Honour.
- The Commander of the Guard reports.
H.E. President of the United States of Ame-
rica salutes the colors, inspects the Guard
of Honour and greets the soldiers.
- The presidential party boards the plane.
- The President bids farewell to the represen-
tatives of state, military and local authorities.
- The President bids farewell to members
of the US Embassy.
- The President walks in front of the public.
18
19
- The President bids farewell to the Party
ADDRESSES AND TELEPHONE NUMBERS
and State Leadership.
- The President of the United States and
Mrs. Ford are accompanied to the foot of
the landing-steps by the st. Secretary of
the PUWP and Mrs. E. Gierek, the Chair-
man of the Council of State and Mrs. H. Ja-
Wilanów Palace
bloński, Prime Minister and Mrs. P. Jaro-
Operator
42 03 06
szewicz, Minister of Foreign Affairs and
Left wing of the Palace
ext.
78
Mrs. S. Olszowski, where they bid final
Duty officer
42 23 09
farewell.
- The President of the United States and
Parkowa Hotel
Mrs. Ford board the aircraft.
50, Belwederska Street
41 60 21 to 29
- The Presidential plane takes off for
Villa I A-Parkowa Str.
41 38 32
Helsinki.
Villa I B-Parkowa Str.
41 38 3I
Villa II A-Parkowa Str.
4I 07 22
Villa II B-Parkowa Str.
41 07 03
Villa III A-Parkowa Str.
41 O2 5I
Villa III B-Parkowa Str.
4I 07 05
Embassy of the USA
29/31 Al. Ujazdowskie
28 30 41 to 49
Residence of the
Ambassador of the USA
34 Idzikowskiego Street
43 31 19
Forum Hotel
24/26 Nowogrodzka Street
21 09
20
21
Ministry of Foreign Affairs
23, Al. I Armii WP
28 74 5I to 59
Operator
28 84 5I to 57
Diplomatic Protocol
Director
28 6₃ 67
Protocol Section
28 OI 38
Department III (United States,
Western Hemisphere)
Director
28 15 21
Department of Information
and Cultural Cooperation
Director
2I 82 21
22
1
28JULY guester
WILANOW PALACE
Consomme
Cheese Straws
Cornish same Hen
Wild Rice
Bruguet of Vegetables
Hearts of Palm Vinaigrette
Port Salut Cheese
Chestment Souffle
Petits Fours
Demitare
Robert Mondave Periot Char donnay 1972
signed photo
of pres
JAMES A. HUTCHINS, Jr.
Agricultural Attaché
Embassy of the United States of America
LIST OF U.S. EMBASSY KEY PERSONNEL
U.S. Embassy Switchboard: 28-30-41
Office Phone Ext.
Home Phone
Ambassador: Richard T. Davies
201
43 31 19
DCM: John R. Davis, Jr.
202
45 21 09
Political Counselor: John D. Scanlan
210
43 10 02
Economic Counselor: Gerald P. Lamberty
269
43 08 25
Press & Cultural Counselor: James E. Bradshaw
301
45 03 27
Administrative Counselor: Ernst Conrath
262
41 89 76
Army Attache: Col. Richard H. Lewandowski
244
45 03 25
Air Attache: Lt. Col. Leonard Zalewski
244
44 55 74
Agricultural Attache: James A. Hutchins, Jr.
258
41 32 18
Science Attache: Allen S. Greenberg
267
49 96 02
Chief, Consular Section: Allan W. Otto
329
25 05 35
Cultural Office: Robert R. Gosende
302
45 01 68
Press Attache: Dell F. Pendergrast
310
12 03 82
Trade Development Center: Alex Hertzberg
304
45 03 52
Political Officer: Atherton Noyes III
220
43 05 62
Protocol/Political Officer: Jack M. Seymour, Jr. 206
44 74 49
Economic Officer: Ralph R. Johnson
252
22 03 36
George T. Boutin
252
44 09 58
Budget & Fiscal Officer: Anna M. Hafey
279
FORD
21 69 32
GEAL
1811
Disbursing Officer: Alfred J. Pelland
292
22 01 87
Regional Security Officer: C. David Harrison
261
44 17 69
General Services Officer: Ronald A. Gzehoviak
280
22 08 94
mon,
CITY WARSAW
&
Tues,
DATES OF VISIT July 28
July 29
Signal tel # 28-30-41
ext 353 or 354
Probable weather: low 80s in day, mid 70s at night
Events we'll have: leverything WITH THE PROSIDENT)
11:45 arrival & to palace
2 pm state lunchean, followed by walking tour of old town
8:30 state Dinner, villanow palace
You' 11 be staying: PARKOWA, SUITE 202 (5 mins from press hotel)
Mrs. Ford will be: wilanow PALACE
(5 mins from you)
Jack Ford will be: Wilanow PALACE
Ambassador's wife: mrs. Richard Davies
Wife of head of state: mrs. EDwarD GIEREK
STAFF LOCATIONS:
Patti (KRAKOW HOTEL)
Karl FORUM- 1012
Dick FORUM 2829
Carolyn PARKOWA - 206
Pete (KRAKOW HOTEL)
Jeannie FORUM - 1423
PRESS INFORMATION:
Press Hotel FORUM (21-09 Telephone)
Press center location FORUM FIRST FLOOR
AP FRANK cormier - ROOM 908 forum or message center
UPI helen thomas - room 2518 forum or message center
Network pool coordinator -
Press message center 289-219
GIFT INFORMATION:
-
KEY CONTACTS:
ADVANCE TEAM:
Mrs. Ford Ralph Johnson (in krakow)
lead bob goodwin
press pappy noel
Jack Ford Ralph Johnson (in krakow)
press trans hal mcIntyre
WHCA bob bishop
Press Jim Bradshaw
USSS frank wilson
Del Pendergrast
state dept ted fiquera
chuck angulo
ARRIVAL CEREMONY - WARSAW
PRESIDENT'S MOVEMENTS
2
1
Press
Staff Holding
Official
Pool
Area
3
Party
Cars
15
4
5
Press
Band
14
6
Viewing
Area
8
Polish Public
13
7
Honor Guard
12
P
11
10
9
Press
End of Tarmac
U.S.A. VIP Corps G.O.P.
End of Tarmac
1. - Ambassadors proceed into aircraft
2. - Presentation of flowers
3. - Greeting Polish VIP's
4. - Pause for Anthems
5. - Invitation to review guard
6. - Acknowledgement of colors
7. - Review of Guard
8. - Greeting of Soldiers
9. - Greeting Polish Officials
10. - Greeting Dean of Diplomatic Corps and passing rest of Corps
11. - Passing U.S. Embassy Representatives
12. - Passing Polish public
13. - Mounting Platform
14. - Moving to view the passing in review
15. - Boarding Motorcade
TOMB OF UNKNOWN SOLDIER
CEREMONY
WARSAW
Press Corridor
Flame
Writing
Press
Platform
M
M-
P
Marines
Book
Move Behind
Signing
The President
Table
After Leaving
Wreath
Band
Unarmed Polish GI's
Colors
Honor
Guard
P
Official
1
2
3 4
Party Viewing
Area
Car
1 - Chief of Protocol
2 - Chief of the Foreign Liaison Office
3 - Commander of the Warsaw Military District
4 - Commander of the Warsaw Garrison
M Marines
PALACE OF THE COUNCIL OF MINISTERS
FIRST FLOOR (EUROPEAN)
WARSAW
Premier Jaroszewicz
and other head-table
guests greet Party
here.
WC
HEAD TABLE
INCLEMENT WEATHER AREA
(coffee and concert)
MEDICAL
ROOM
STAFF
Back Stairs to
side entrance.
(Possible access
for press)
STAGE
PALACE OF COUNCIL
OF MINISTERS
Water
Bridge
Water
(OUTSIDE TERRACE)
WARSAW
Other Head-
President and Mrs. Ford
Table Guests
First Secretary and Mrs. Gierek
Benches
Benches
for
for
Guests
Guests
Terrace
Terrace
(Coffee)
(Coffee)
Awning
Balcony
Head
Table
Other
Guests
Ground
Floor
OLD TOWN TOUR
WARSAW
MOSTOWA
X
BARBICAN FORTRESS
KRZYWE KOLO
MIEJSKA
DEKERTA
PRESS
GIFT SHOP
KOLLATAJA
MARKET
SQUARE
CROWD
ZAPIECEK
ZAKRZCWSKIEGO
SWIETOJANSKI
DZIEKANTA
MOTORCADE ARRIVES AND
PROCEED ON FOOT
CASTLE
X
SQUARE
KING'S
CASTLE
Stairs down to
Signing Room
MEET
FIRST
SECRETARY
entry
TABLE
First Secretary's
Private Office
Conference Room
(expanded talks)
(private talks)
PRESIDENT
Press
GIEREK
First
DESK
Secretary's
Office
PARLIAMENT
SEJM (Second Floor)
PARLIAMENT
SEJM - WARSAW
DOCUMENT SIGNING ROOM
Stairs down from
First Secretary's Office
Exit
columns
Polish
Party
1st Secretary
Press Area
President
U.S.
Party
columns
WILANOW PALACE
WARSAW
Before Dinner Refreshments/After Dinner Coffee
Route to
Mingle Before
Dinner
Dinner
Lower Northern Gallery
President & Mrs. Ford
GOP
meet First Secretary
LIMO
and Mrs. Gierek
MAIN ENTRANCE
Big
Crimson
Room
First Secretary and Mrs. Gierek
Arrive for U.S. Dinner
Table
Mrs. Ford
Mrs. Gierek
First Secretary
The President
Gierek
Possible route the President & Mrs. Ford
might use to return to quarters at conclusion.
Northside Entrance
Presidential
Quarters
KRAKOW, POLAND
SITE: CHILDREN'S HOSPITAL
GROUND FLOOR DETAIL
Elevator
Holding Room
Clinic
Elevator
Vestibule
Main Entrance
Motorcade
Parking
HANGAR
KRAKOW,
POLAND
Motorcade
CROWD
Press
HOLD
AREA
TERMINAL
BLDG.
TROOPS
BAND
BLDG. "C"
MARKET SQUARE WELCOMING
KRAKOW, POLAND
Buildings
St. Mary's
Church
Buildings
Crowd
Crowd
Buildings
Crowd
Crowd
Crowd
Crowd
X
TO Castle
Crowd
Limo
Buildings
Buildings
Crowd
Presidential
Platform
Statue
Crowd
Press
Crowd
Crowd
Crowd
Building
Buildings
Press Chute
Buildings
Sheila :
check with
Connie Gerrard.
This should be posted
should not he
monday night or monday afternoon
posted before the
in the press lobby.
Presidents.
Two Things should be filled in
- upper right hand carner,
the time it is posted
- the evening - check with
frank ursomanso Chelsinki is, signal)
0 see what her schedule
July 28, 1975
NOTICE TO THE PRESS
MRS. FORD'S SCHEDULE
WARSAW/KRAKOW/HELSINKI
Tuesday, July 29, 1975
9 a.m.
Depart Warsaw.
9:45 am
Arrive Krakow.
10:10 am Mrs. Ford and Jack Ford will visit Collegium Maius,
the oldest existing University in Europe.
(see release for details).
12:30pm Luncheon for the President and Mrs. Ford hosted by
the Polish government, Wawel Castle
2:30 pm Departure ceremony with the President, Krakow
6 p.m. Arrive Helsinki.
FORD is GENATE
WITHDRAWAL SHEET (PRESIDENTIAL LIBRARIES)
FORM OF
CORRESPONDENTS OR TITLE
DATE
RESTRICTION
DOCUMENT
Doc.
Notes on Trip (pages - 8)
7/26/1975
B
File Location:
Shelia Weidenfeld Files, Box 17, Trips Files. Folder: 7/28-29/75 - Warsaw (1)
RESTRICTION CODES
JJO 11/18/16
(A) Closed by applicable Executive order governing access to national security information.
(B) Closed by statute or by the agency which originated the document.
(C) Closed in accordance with restrictions contained in the donor's deed of gift.
NATIONAL ARCHIVES AND RECORDS ADMINISTRATION
NA FORM 1429 (1-98)
UNCLASSIFIED
POL-7NIXON
18 3972
Classification
Pro
Department of State
CONT : #1963/134 MR
INDICATE:
TELEGRAM
DATE: $330392 MAY 72
COLLECT
CHARGE TO
A
DISTRIBUTION
ACTION: WHITE HOUSE PRIORITY
P&C
AMB
INTO: SECSTATE WASHDC PRECRITY 8942
DOM
USIA WASHDC PRIORITY 1718
POL
ADMIN
WARCIAV 1963
CONS
CHRON
THITE HOUSE FOR ELSOURNS AND WHISLIHAN; USIA/INE FOR JMIKINS
FILE
SUBJ: Saint John's Cathodral
2. Paint John's Cathedral 18 in many ways a symbol of
Poland's indomitable will to survive, There has been n
church on this site since the late thirteeath century.
2. It was hero, in 1339, that Papal envoys settled n
dispute between Polish King Casinir the Great end the
Teutopic Enights over the control of Glansk and Pemprania
- dispute which continued to fester and trouble Poland's
relations with 1ts noighbors for cix hundred years until 1t
became one of the causes of the outbreak of World Bar II
in.1039.
3. Saint John's Cathodral has been called the Notre Date
of Poland. It has been the traditional site of corcuntions,
royal. funerale, haptisms and special bleesings.
FORD i LIBRARY SENAL
DRAFTED BY:
DRAFTING DATE
TEL EXT.
APPROVED BY:
5/13/72
POC:JWShirley
CLEARANCES:
DCN:DEDoster
Page 2 of
Classification?
MRN
In 1390 Prince Januaz of Varsau expanded the relatively
modest original structure to Ats present sise. Towers vero
built and the local nobility contributed to its decoration.
5. I'm the Into sixteanth century the entions capital vas
transferred from Krakow to Worsey, and from this point on,
Saint John's becaus the focal point of religious life in
Poland. A now Gothic facado vas added 2n 1636, and the
interior was curiched by the court with a now organ, paintings
and gold decorations.
6. In 1817 a Papel Anll entablished Saint John'e as the
discoses church of the Archbichopric of Warraw. Stefan
Cardinal Wyanyaski, Primate of Poland, frequently colebrates
mass and delivers sersons in Saint John's.
7. The present cathedral wee rebuilt. in 1956 following the
virtually total destruction of the original building during
Forld Unr 11. A ceesaw battle between Polish resistance
fightors and elements of the German compation army took
place anid the ruins of the ancient building during the Warger
Unricing (August 1944). Only portions of the left: arve survived
fighting which outended into the vaults of the
church-vanits 1n which Polish Nobel Prime winner Henryh
Sienkiewica, the Archbishops of Warring and Polich kings 110
buried.
FDRD LIBRARY is GLEATO
6. The present structure 10 built 10 the original North
Buropean Gothic style.
STOESSEL
MAI MAIST
POL-? (NIXON)
Classification
am
15201
Department of State
CONT: 01783/125
who
&
TELEGRAM
DATE: mh15292 MAY 72
INDICATE:
COLLECT
CHARGE TO
DISTRIBUTION
ACTION:
USIA WASHING 1633
P&C
MAU
RIFO:
Secatate WASHDC 8795
BOM
FC
WARSAW
1781
ADJ
CHRICE
FOR:
ICE for Jenking: pla pass to White House for Elbourno
FILE
and Wheldhen
Description of Willamow Palace which will be President's residence
dating his Polich visit. follows:
Begin Text:
Wilsnew Palace, begin In 1677 by King Jan Schiesld ZSI, to one of
Poland's meet impressive bistovical buildings. Its owners over
the contuates included many of the grent families of the Polish
Lubomireld, Constoryshi, Petocki--and
its history often reflected the conntry's Clastrating fortunes.
The Palace was completed in its present form in 1799 by Princess
loobel Antimization, one of the mdst brilliant womenia 18th century
Enrope. In 1805 her con, Sinnicious Datech, opened the Falace
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and its library to the public, one of the first such institutions in Polend.
In 1893 the Police was over by the Branteki family.
During the Receit Watld When Wilsnow was Booted of most of the collec-
tion, and 3 the cardiene were totally destroyed. 2n 1945 the Polace and
Ets grounds become part of the Wanson National Museumi. It has since
been restored in to originel style and contains special for
use by the most important greents of the Polici diste.
The Pulace missetim has been designed, on the basis of original palace
inventories, to reflect the cuthentic Caver of the building's 18th end 19th
century history. Many items pillaged from the cellections have been
recovered, end the structure has obtained n large selection of are works
of the patied from other cources.
The Phince to French Baroque and contains B main building Clanked by
wings to form en open restangle. It to et the center of C. complex of
bulldings which include the 17th century Cld Tavorn, as well às the
Church, emithy end directeal Cuard House, all edded fra the 16th century.
The houses three Polish portents gollerios which contain
&
FORD
of the mayol family fromthe 16th through the 20th century
BERALD
es woll as n. representative selection of Peltch 19th century art. A
not - 27 ENTRY
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collection of reyal partraits proviously displayed in the destroyed
Reynl Costle are included in the collection.
The building to n masterpieco of its time set number emports gardens
which display 12 to maximum advantage.
End Text
Decen upon receipt.
Storssel
GERAL R. FORD LIBRARY
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an
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PCL
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PARSAW 3964
CONS
CHRON
WHITE HOUSE FOR ELSOURNE AND USIA/IEE FOR JENKING
FILE
SUBJ: The Royal Castle
1. The ruins of the Royal Castle occupy a consanding
height overlecking the Vistula River. Archeological
research bas revealed that n fortress of some kind has
been on this site since prehistoric times.
2. The Castle, totally destroyed by the German occupation
forces during World Far II, was bogun by Prince Konrad II
in the thirteeath century. It use completed in its present
form by King Mygument III, an occasional alchemist who,
legond has it, burned doma his megnificent Vamel Castle
in Krakow during an experiment, This fire, which lasted
five days, plus strategic and political considerations
led Payment to move bis capital to Wersone. Poland was
at this tino the largest nation in Europo and a major
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political power.
3. It use in the grent hall of his new eastle in 1611
that King Zygmunt received the homage of the Pussian Carr
Vasilli. The Centle was severely damaged and pillaged of
its treasures during the Polimh-Suedish ware, and *t WIRE
only restored to Atm former glory during the reign of King
Staniclaw Augustus 20 the late 18th century.
4. Following the Third Partition et Polland in 1795, the
Castlo cerved as hondquartern for niccossive waves of
rulers -lussion, French, Duchy of Verson, Congress Kingdom.
Under the Russian occupation of the 10th and carly 20th
centuries the Castle fell into disrepair and T39 stripped
of its marble facado.
5. It was lovingly rentered in tito years after 1938, when
Poland recovered her independence, and once egain became
the ceremental center of Polish life. In the period
between the USED 11 was the sceno of diplomatic meetings,
SEALD
FORD
military reviews and state disners.
BILKARY
6. This period ended abruptly with the outbreak of World
War II. The building was severely damaged in the 1939 siege
4
of Unrear, lected by the Namin in 1942 and totally destroyed
by the retreating Cerman army in 1911.
7. Plans for the Castle's reconstruction were approved by the
Polish Government in 1971, and work has now begun to restere
to the Polish people a building which in many ways symbolises
their proud history and necient traditions.
STOESSEL
UNCLASSIFIED
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POL
ADMIN
WARSAW 1962
CONS
CHRON
WHITE HOUSE FOR ELSOURNE AND WHELINAN; USIA/IEE FOR JENKINS
FILE
SUBJ: Description of Warsaw's Old Town
1. The 014 Town (Stare Minsto) armof Wareaw has been the
site of a fortified settlement since Pre-Roman times. Its
elevated position overlooking the Vintula enabled whoever
hold 1t to dominate river traffic on that vital vaterway.
2. In the thirteeath century Warsnn vas a modest settlement
of wooden buildings enclosed by an carthen wall and protected
by a fortress. The present plan of the Old Town, centered
upon an open square, evolved 1n the fourteenth, fifteenth and
sixteenth centuries. Merchants of the city built combination
shops, factories and homes with the working quartors in
the collar and ground floor and living space in the upper
stories. A city wall of brick replaced the clay fortifications
of
FORD
and the Royal Palace was erected on the site of the former
fortress.
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3. Development of the Old Town in its present form
was essentially completed by the and of the sixteenth
century when the city because Poland's capital. What had
been a provincial market town rapidly developed into an
intellectual and social center rivaling the former capital,
Krakow. Am influx of new residents flocking to the court
created a building boom and an elegant new
town 5003 apread boyond the city walls as villas, cafes
theaters and churches were erected.
4. By the end of the eighteenth century the Old Terra had
degenerated into a concurbat dilapidated adjunct to the
buygeoning nov gross. However, at the beginning of the
twentieth century a concerted effort was made to ERIS save
1t from ruin. By the minotoen-thirties the area bad once
again become the center of intellectual Rifo An Poland--
the home of artists, writers and actors.
5. Old Town was left in ruins by bitter street fighting
during the Versaw uprising of 2014. The area THE rebuilt
in the years following World Wer IX in ito original style
using erchitectural designs from the city archives, photo-
graphs and paintings.
de
FORD
(
STORESEL
LIBRARY
UNCLASSIFIED
SUGGESTED PROGRAM FOR MRS. FORD
The following points of interest are suggested for
Mrs. Ford's Program:
1. In Warsaw
a. The State School of Ballet
b. Teatr Wielki (Opera House) and its museum
C. The Old Town (if this is not ultimately covered
in joint program with the President)
1. the Zamek (Royal Castle)
11. a Church (perhaps St. John's)
111. the Warsaw Historical Museum
* d. Lazienki Palace, including
1. a tour of the palace (tea could be served
at some point during the tour)
11. a visit to the nearby Chopin monument
and a brief piano recital
FORDS STATES LIBRARY
2. Outside Warsaw
a. Konstancin - near Wilanow, where President and
Mrs. Ford will stay - world renowned orthopedic
rehabilitation center headed by Dr. Marian Weiss.
Dr. Weiss has worked closely with US specialists
and has developed prosthetic devices for post-
amputation use which are being used by more than
100,000 Americans.
* This was the only event in Mrs. Nixon's program in 1972.
- 2 -
b. The Mazowsze Dance Troupe. Poland's most famous
regional dance troupe. Their training head-
quarters are approximately 1/2 hour from Warsaw.
(We are not certain the group will be available
July 28 or 29.)
C. The Museum of Polish Poster Art
Located on the grounds of Wilanow, this museum
will be featuring a display of 400 post-war
theater posters. Poster art is one of the most
imaginative forms of contemporary Polish artistic
expression, and theater posters are generally the
best products of the genre.
E/C:RRJohnson 7/19/75
FORD d GERALD LIBRARY
WITHDRAWAL SHEET (PRESIDENTIAL LIBRARIES)
FORM OF
CORRESPONDENTS OR TITLE
DATE
RESTRICTION
DOCUMENT
Doc.
Notes on Trip (pages 1)
6/1/1975
B
File Location:
Shelia Weidenfeld Files, Box 17, Trips Files. Folder: 7/28-29/75 - Warsaw (1)
RESTRICTION CODES
JJO 11/18/16
(A) Closed by applicable Executive order governing access to national security information.
(B) Closed by statute or by the agency which originated the document.
(C) Closed in accordance with restrictions contained in the donor's deed of gift.
NATIONAL ARCHIVES AND RECORDS ADMINISTRATION
NA FORM 1429 (1-98)
THE WHITE HOUSE
WASHINGTON
July 20, 1975
MEMORANDUM FOR:
RED CAVANEY
FROM:
PETER SORUM
SUBJECT:
MRS. FORD'S SCHEDULE IN WARSAW, POLAND
As a result of the most recent negoatiations with the Polish government
on the schedule that will be followed by the President in Poland, I
will propose the following to Mrs. Ford:
1) That she participate with the President in the arrival ceremony,
the wreath laying and the luncheon hosted by the government.
2) That following the luncheon, she proceed to the Palace to assist
inthe arrangements for the State Dinner that she and the President
will host that evening.
3) That, if she wishes to leave the palace for any site-seeing, she
go to the poster museum which is within walking distance of the
pàlace.
4) That, if the proposal submitted by the U.S. is accepted for the
second day of activites, she go with Jack Ford to visit the
University which was proposed by the Polish government. (This
is subject to site survey prior to final decision.)
5) That the balance of her schedule follow the President's.
There are several other possibilities for activities by Mrs. Ford
in Warsaw which include a walking tour of "Old Town" and some
cultural attractions, but we do not anticipate that we will visit
them.
THE WHITE HOUSE
WASHINGTON
July 20, 1975
MEMORANDUM FOR:
RED CAVANEY
FROM:
PETER SORUM
SUBJECT:
JACK FORD"S SCHEDULE IN WARSAW, POLAND
Following a review of the President's proposed schedule and
surveys of several site options, I will propose the following
to Jack Ford:
1) That he participate in the arrival ceremony, the wreath
laying andthe luncheon hosted by the Polish government.
2) That following the luncheon, he join Mrs. Ford in the
motorcade to the Palace.
3) That the Ambassador's son, John Davies, come by the
Palace at approximately 4:00 pm to take Jack on a
private tour of Warsaw which will include "Old Town".
4) That Jack participate in a party at the Ambassasdor's
residente which will be a pool paryt.
5) That he rejoin the official party for the departure from
Warsaw and remain in that status until arrival in Helsinki.
This would inlcude joinging Mrs. Ford for the University wisit.
If the official party were to remain in Warsaw throughthe second
day, I will propose tc Jack that he moght visit Konstancin which
is 15 km from the Palace which is world reknowned for the orthopedic
rehabilitation center headed by Dr. Marian Weiss. This would be the
only press item on Jack' schedule if ti were to occur.
background
notes
Poland
department of state * april 1974
OFFICIAL NAME: Polish People's Republic
GEOGRAPHY
lands, the main exception being the
about 70,000 square miles, were in-
mountains along its southern border
corporated into the Soviet Union after
Poland lies in Eastern Europe, in the
with peaks as high as 8,200 feet. Its
World War II. As a result of the Pots-
same general latitude as Canada. It has
climate is temperate with moderately
dam agreement in 1945 about 40,000
natural boundaries only on the north
severe winters, mild summers, and an
square miles of certain former German
(the Baltic Sea) and south (the Carpa-
annual rainfall varying from 20 inches
areas to the north and west were placed
thian Mountains along the border with
in the lowlands to 48 inches in the
under Polish administration. These
Czechoslovakia), while in an east-west
mountains.
areas had been incorporated into the
direction it is part of a continuous plain
Polish state. The Polish Government
that merges on the west with East Ger-
The postwar area of Poland is
and the Federal Republic of Germany
many and on the east with the U.S.S.R.
120,700 square miles. The prewar,
signed a treaty in 1970 accepting exist-
The country consists primarily of low-
easternmost territories, comprising
ing frontiers.
PROFILE
Economy
GROSS NATIONAL PRODUCT (GNP):
PEOPLE
Geography
US$54.6 billion (1972 expressed in 1971
prices). ANNUAL GROWTH RATE: 7%
Poland ranks second in Eastern
AREA: 120,700 sq. mi. (about the size
(1972). PER CAPITA INCOME: $1650
Europe, after the U.S.S.R., in area and
of New Mexico). CAPITAL: Warsaw (pop.
(1972 expressed in 1971 prices).
1.3 million). OTHER CITIES: Lodz (pop.
population. The population is nearly
AGRICULTURE: Labor-38%. Prod-
774,000), Krakow (pop. 610,000), Wroclaw
homogeneous, being 97.7 percent eth-
ucts-grains, sugar beets, potatoes, hogs.
(pop. 524,000), and Poznan (pop. 486,000).
nically Polish. The figures contrast with
INDUSTRY: Labor-26%. Products-
Poland's prewar situation, when the
People
iron and steel, chemicals, textiles, food proc-
country had an area of more than
essing, shipbuilding, and transportation
POPULATION: 33.5 million (Dec. 1973
150,000 square miles and a population
equipment.
est.). ANNUAL GROWTH RATE: 0.8%.
NATURAL RESOURCES: Coal, sul-
of 35 million, including 4.5 million
DENSITY: 270 per sq. mi. ETHNIC
phur, copper, natural gas.
Ukrainians, 3 million Jews, 1 million
GROUP: Polish (98%). RELIGION: Roman
TRADE: Exports-$6.1 billion: coal,
Byelorussians, and 800,000 Germans.
Catholic (95%). LANGUAGE: Polish.
agricultural products, basic materials.
Nearly half of the prewar area was
LITERACY: 98%.
Partners-Soviet Union and East European
annexed by the U.S.S.R. in 1945, and
Government
neighbors, Federal Republic of Germany,
most of the Ukrainians, Byelorussians,
United Kingdom. Imports-$7.1 billion: oil,
and German minority elements were
TYPE: Communist. DATE OF CON-
iron ore, other raw materials, grain.
lost either in the annexation or by flight
STITUTION: July 22, 1952.
Partners-Soviet Union and East European
or transfers of population at that time.
BRANCHES: Executive-Chief of State
neighbors, Federal Republic of Germany,
The majority of the Jews were killed in
(Chairman of the Council of State). Legisla-
United Kingdom.
tive-unicameral parliament (Sejm). Judicial-
OFFICIAL EXCHANGE RATE: Foreign
the period 1942-43 during the Nazi
Supreme Court, national and local courts.
Trade Rate-3.32 zloty = US$1. Noncom-
occupation.
POLITICAL SUBDIVISIONS: 22 Prov-
mercial Rate-19.92 zloty = US$1.
inces (Voivodships), 391 Districts (Powiats),
MEMBERSHIP IN INTERNATIONAL
The religion of more than 95 percent
755 "Large Cities" governed by People's
ORGANIZATIONS: United Nations, Gen-
of the Poles is Roman Catholic; the
Councils of Provinces and Districts.
eral Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT),
rest are mainly members of the Eastern
FLAG: Two equal-sized horizontal
Council for Economic Mutual Assistance
Orthodox, Protestant, or Jewish reli-
bands-an upper white and a lower red.
(CEMA).
gions. Polish is the official language.
CENALD
LIBRARY
2
3
war, Gen. Sikorski arranged a Polish-
ternal life, but a reverse trend set in
National Unity, whose function is to
16
NAMES AND BOUNDARY REPRESENTATION
20
Soviet understanding (July 1941) and
during the 1960's. In December 1970
conduct campaigning during elections
ARE NOT NECESSARILY AUTHORITATIVE
brought out of Russia an army of
workers' riots in cities along the Baltic
and on other special occasions.
BALTIC
SEA
Kaliningrad
110,000 Polish ex-prisoners of war
Sea coast brought in a regime, headed
headed by Gen. Wladyslaw Anders
by Edward Gierek, which was com-
Principal Government Officials
Limit of Polish
Danzig
(Gdansk)
(July 1942) to fight on the Western
mitted to raising the standard of living.
First Secretary, PZPR-Edward Gierek
administration
Koszalin
fronts.
Chairman, Council of State-Henryk
The Soviet Union broke relations
Jablonski
GOVERNMENT
with the Polish exile government in
Chairman, Council of Ministers-Piotr
° Olsztyn
Grodno
April 1943 on the pretext that the Poles
Jaroszewicz
EAST
Stettin
The Government is controlled by the
Szczecin)
had insulted the U.S.S.R. by requesting
Polish Communist Party, the PZPR
Minister of Foreign Affairs-Stefan
GERMANY
a Red Cross investigation of the Katyn
Olszowski
(Polska Zjednoczona Partia Robot-
Bydgoszcz
Bialystok
mass graves of murdered Polish pris-
nicza-Polish United Workers' Party).
Minister of Foreign Trade-Tadeusz
Noteć
oners found on Soviet soil by German
Olechowski
Narew
Almost all of the cabinet are party
military authorities. On July 22, 1944,
members.
Minister of National Defense-Wojciech
the U.S.S.R. installed a Communist-
Jaruzelski
Berlin
Warta
Vistula
The present government structure,
Roznan
controlled "Polish Committee of Na-
Ambassador to the U.S.-Witold
WARSAW
U.
S.
R
similar to that of the U.S.S.R., is
Frankfurt
(Warszawa)
tional Liberation" at Lublin in the part
based on a Constitution promulgated
Trampczynski
Warla
of Poland that the advancing Soviet
52
July 22, 1952. The parliament (Sejm-
Ambassador to the U.N.-Eugeniusz
armies had brought under Soviet con-
Kulaga
Zielona
pronounced as the English word
Gora
trol. In January 1945 the U.S.S.R.
"same") of 460 members is declared
Poland maintains an Embassy in the
Lodz
recognized this committee as the Polish
to be the supreme organ of state author-
United States at 2640 16th Street NW.,
Pilica
Government.
ity. The present Sejm was elected for
Washington, D.C. 20009.
Polish underground elements mean-
a 4-year term in March 1972.
Breslau
Lublin
(Wroctaw)
while staged an unsuccessful uprising
The Sejm elects a 15-member Coun-
POLITICAL CONDITIONS
against the Germans at Warsaw
cil of State which exercises certain
Oder
Kielce
(August 1-October 2, 1944). The Ger-
legislative and executive functions. It
The Polish Communist Party
Opole
mans, after suppressing the uprising,
also elects a Council of Ministers
accepted the resignation of Gomulka
Vistula
evacuated the surviving population of
(cabinet) which performs the principal
and chose Edward Gierek its new
Warsaw and finished leveling the city
executive functions and corresponds to
First Secretary in December 1970, at
PRAGUE
Katowice
Rzeszow
to the ground. Soviet forces entered the
"the Government" as understood in
a time when pent-up worker discontent
Krakow
city in January 1945.
POLAND
West European countries.
had erupted into riots on Poland's
Ostrava
L'vev
Following the Yalta Conference of
The policy direction of the Polish
Baltic coast. The 1970-71 disturbances
International boundary
early 1945, a Polish Provisional Govern-
Government is furnished by the Polit-
and strikes in the port cities of Gdansk,
National capital
ment of National Unity was formed on
buro of the PZPR, headed by Edward
Gdynia, and Szczecin were triggered by
Railroad
June 28, 1945, and was recognized by
Gierek, First Secretary of the party.
a price increase for essential consumer
Road
the United States on July 5, 1945.
Functions of Chief of State are vested
goods and were an expression of deep
Stanislaw Mikolajczyk was the principal
in Henryk Jablonski, Chairman of the
dissatisfaction with living and working
25
50
75
100 Miles
CZECHOSLOVAKIA
non-Communist participant. Although
Council of State.
conditions. As a long time party boss
0
25
50
75
100
Kilometers
the Yalta agreement called for free elec-
Judicial proceedings are carried out
of Katowice (Poland's most industri-
tions, those held on January 19, 1947,
16
20
24
through a Supreme Court and national
alized Province) and a former miner
HUNGARY
were controlled by the Communist
and local courts. All of these courts
himself, Gierek had a solid record of
78568 6-70
Party. The Communists then estab-
are completely subordinate to party
achievement in improving the lot of the
lished a regime entirely under their
policies and directives.
workers. His assumption of top party
domination. Mikolajczyk fled the
Local administration (in the 22 Prov-
office was, in effect, a reassurance to
HISTORY
The pre-World War II government
by a number of army colonels, his
country in October 1947.
inces, the 322 counties, and the 8,800
the workers that their grievances
was at first (1918-26) a parliamentary
associates, after his death in 1935.
In October 1956, after the 20th
rural districts) is carried on through
would be heard and not ignored.
democracy on the French pattern, run
With the 1939 invasion of Poland by
("de-Stalinization") Soviet Party Con-
elective People's Councils, which are
In its first year the new leadership
At the end of World War I in 1919,
by shifting coalitions of parties of
Germany (September 1) and the
gress at Moscow and the serious "bread
guided by the PZPR at every level.
rescinded the previously announced
Poland reappeared as an independent
which the principal ones were the ultra-
U.S.S.R. (September 17), the govern-
and freedom" riots at Poznan, a shake-
Only 2.3 million persons are mem-
price increases and instituted a price
state after more than 100 years of
conservative and nationalistic National
ment leaders fled the country and trans-
up in the Communist regime returned
bers of the PZPR. Two other political
freeze; gave pay increases to lowest paid
foreign rule following its partition by
Democrats, the moderately conserva-
ferred their authority (September 29)
to power Wladyslaw Gomulka, a former
parties-the United Peasant Party and
workers and postponed an unpopular
Austria, Prussia, and Russia in the late
tive (but pro-land reform) Peasant Party,
to an exile government formed at Paris.
head of the Polish Communist Party
the Democratic Party-also exist, but
wage reform; eased the farmers' obliga-
18th century. Poland again fell before
the social-democratic Polish Socialist
This exile government, which moved to
who had been ousted in 1948 and later
they are committed to the support
tions to the state; improved the food
foreign invaders in 1939 and was under
Party, and the Catholic, conservative
London in June 1940 after the fall of
imprisoned for refusing to support cer-
of the PZPR's programs. These parties,
supply situation and revised economic
either German or Soviet military con-
Christian Democrats. Poland's military
France, was headed at first by Presi-
tain Stalinist policies. Although re-
together with various mass organiza-
plans in favor of the consumer;
trol throughout World War II. After
leader, Marshal Jozef Pilsudski, seized
dent Wladyslaw Raczkiewicz, with Gen.
taining most of the traditional Com-
tions (the trade unions, league of
announced long-term plans for relieving
the war it once more reappeared as a
control in 1926 and established a re-
Wladyslaw Sikorski as Premier (1939-
munist economic and social aims, the
women, youth organizations, etc.) are
the persistent housing shortage; and
sovereign state.
gime (1926-39) which was continued
43). When the U.S.S.R. entered the
Gomulka regime liberalized Polish in-
organized into a PZPR-led Front of
mounted a public relations campaign
4
5
to explain why more could not be done
Agriculture
door "people's" car. The Poles hope to
and enabling him to market more of
Poland, presumably under Polish-Soviet
officer to visit Poland since 1963. Sec-
faster. It held a Party Congress in
begin mass production of these cars in
his wares through private channels.
understandings or agreements.
retary Volpe signed a memorandum
Polish agricultural yields are not
December 1971 and a national election
1975 and produce an eventual 150,000
The Sixth Party Congress (Decem-
Since 1956 Poland has played a more
of understanding with the Polish Trans-
high, due to mediocre soil and a low,
in March 1972, both one year early, and
although rising, rate of fertilizer utiliza-
units annually.
ber 1971) endorsed Gierek's economic
prominent international role. It is a
portation Ministry concerning coopera-
utilized these occasions to infuse new
tion.
Nevertheless, excepting the
policies and especially his emphasis on
member of the General Agreement on
tive transportation research. In De-
blood into the country's party and
Stages of Development
production of consumer goods for the
Tariffs and Trade (GATT), and the
cember Commerce Secretary Stans paid
U.S.S.R., Poland leads Europe in grow-
government institutions and to publi-
Poland's postwar economic history
Polish people. The new 5-year plan
United Nations and all its specialized
a brief visit to Poland during which he
ing rye, oats, potatoes, and sugar beets
cize its program. In its first pronounce-
and ranks high in hog production. On
can be divided into three periods.
calls for massive purchases of capital
agencies except the International Bank
was able to review thoroughly the prob-
ment the Government declared its
the other hand, the agricultural sector
Between 1945 and 1956 virtually all
equipment for selected export and
for Reconstruction and Development
lems and prospects for broadening
desire for good relations with the Cath-
is chronically unable to meet the
industry and trade were nationalized,
consumer-oriented industries. These
(IBRD) and the International Monetary
bilateral relations. Further, during this
olic Church and church-state talks have
country's requirements for food and
and intensive industrialization and a
include-but are not limited to-the
Fund (IMF).
visit agreement was made in principle
been initiated.
feed grains, vegetable oils, etc. Im-
drive for collectivization of agriculture
textile, building construction, petro-
Following the formation of Chan-
for the opening of a U. S. Technical
proved yields and four successive good
were launched. But by 1956 disloca-
chemical, automobile, heavy machin-
cellor Willy Brandt's government in
Documentation and Information Office
ECONOMY
tions caused by the forced expansion of
ery, machine tool, food processing, and
1969, the Poles and West Germans
in Warsaw.
crop years (1965-68) steadily reduced
the need for imports, but adverse cli-
heavy industry, the pressures on private
electronics industries. The freeze on
began a series of official exchanges
The visit of President Nixon to War-
Since World War II Poland has passed
matic conditions, beginning in 1969,
farming, and neglect of the housing and
food prices has continued.
leading to the signing of a treaty in De-
saw from May 31-June 1, 1972, gave
through a transition from a basically
forced Poland to make substantial pur-
consumer sectors had brought the
cember 1970, which provides a basis
impetus to formal improvement in
Trade
agricultural country to one that is pre-
country to a difficult economic
for the normalization of their relations
U.S.-Polish relations. During the visit
chases of grain and fodder from abroad,
dominantly industrial. During the dec-
including the United States. Unlike the
situation.
Foreign trade plays an expanding
including negotiation of existing
Secretary of State Rogers signed a
ade of the 1930's, 60 percent of the
other countries of Eastern Europe,
The 1956 political upheaval led to
role in Poland's economic development.
borders.
Consular Convention with Poland.
Poles were engaged in agriculture and
Poland's agricultural sector is still pre-
the second stage of economic policy,
While exports and imports have grown
Dr. David, the President's Science
dominantly nonsocialized. Private
rapidly in recent years, Poland has been
U.S.-POLISH RELATIONS
30 percent in other forms of economic
Adviser, went to Warsaw in July 1972
including substantial reduction in the
activity. By 1970 these ratios were
disappointed in its efforts to export
to discuss a proposed agreement for
farmers cultivate nearly 85 percent of
investment program, abandonment of
Beginning in 1957, when it appeared
reversed, with only about one-third
the land, and state farms make up most
pressure for collectivization, and ex-
products of its industry to hard cur-
that Poland intended to follow policies
cooperation in science and technology.
engaged in agriculture and two-thirds
of the remainder.
panded production of consumer goods
rency markets of the West. Thus, coal,
In August Commerce Secretary Peter-
of increased internal liberalization and
in other areas.
agricultural products, and basic mate-
son held substantive discussions in
with a liberal policy toward small-scale
greater autonomy in foreign affairs,
Consumer Needs
private industry and crafts.
rials form the bulk of Polish exports to
Warsaw, including tasks of the U.S.-
Poland acquired Silesia from Ger-
relations with the United States im-
the West, while its East European trade
Polish Trade Commission and about
many after World War II, an area
Despite its achievements of new
By 1960 emphasis had shifted back
proved considerably. It was possible to
partners import more of Poland's
industrial cooperation problems. In
containing damaged but important
industries, a high investment level, and
toward more restrictive controls and a
arrange for the reunion of a large num-
chemicals, machines, and other finished
September 1972 Polish Foreign Min-
industrial complexes, while giving up
high indexes of gross output, the Polish
renewed drive to industrialize at the
ber of divided families, to begin mean-
products. More than one-third of Polish
ister Olszowski paid a brief call on
to the U.S.S.R. less valuable agricultural
economic system has not been able to
sacrifice of some consumer goods out-
ingful cultural contacts and economic
trade is with the U.S.S.R., while other
President Nixon and conferred with
land to the east.
meet all the demands of its consumers.
put. Since 1964 industrial growth has
programs, and to engage in more sub-
East European countries account for
Secretary Rogers. Shortly after
Before the war, Poland had a narrow
Clothing and most household appli-
proceeded at the relatively high rate of
stantive contacts on international mat-
nearly one-third. Poland's dependence
Olszowski's visit, the Polish Govern-
ances are available in sufficient
7-9 percent annually.
ters. However, in 1961-70 the erosion
industrial base in the textile, chemical,
on the Soviet Union for oil, iron ore,
ment announced its decision to settle
of the internal liberalization and the
machinery, and iron and steel sectors.
quantity. However, quality and variety
Modest and only partially successful
other raw materials, and grain is a pri-
the question of defaulted prewar bonds
are poor and prices are very high relative
economic reforms were introduced be-
reversion to a policy of full and un-
It was also a major European coal
mary factor of its trading pattern and
with bond holders. This decision was
to wages. The food supply is adequate
ginning in 1965 with the goal of
questioning support for Soviet foreign
producer. Today, Polish industrial
economy. In 1973 imports were esti-
followed in October by a visit to
but is hampered by a weak distribution
developing export industries, more
policy objectives caused bilateral U.S.-
development continues in these direc-
mated to be $7.1 billion and exports
Washington of Polish Foreign Trade
and marketing system. The high de-
incentives for individual workers, in-
Polish relations to become relatively
were $6.1 billion at the prevailing
Minister Olechowski. This visit
tions, but new major specializations
exist in the artificial fertilizer, petro-
mand for meat, especially pork, is not
creased price flexibility, and decentral-
stagnant. Strong Polish support for
official commercial exchange rate.
instituted a major speedup in
chemical, machine tool, electrical ma-
completely met.
ization of the decisionmaking process.
Soviet positions on the Middle East,
improvement of economic relations
Rents are low in the millions of new
chinery, electronic, and shipbuilding
These limited attempts at reform were
Indochina, and the invasion of Czecho-
between the two countries. The
FOREIGN RELATIONS
industries. In addition to its coal
apartments that have been built in the
interrupted by demonstrations and
slovakia was accompanied by propa-
situation was helped by President
war-damaged cities of Poland. How-
strikes in various Polish cities at the end
Polish foreign policy follows, in all
ganda attacks on the United States.
deposits, Poland has also begun to ex-
Nixon's determination that Export-
ever, the waiting period for housing
important respects, the lead of the So-
There was considerable reaction in the
ploit newly discovered raw materials-
of 1970 and early in 1971, when Polish
Import Bank credits be made available
still can be 5-6 years, and the standard
sulphur, copper, and natural gas-and
workers protested against increased
viet Union. Poland's relations with the
United States to these attacks as well
for transactions with Poland. The
accommodations are 2-3 rooms with
living costs, lack of housing, and other
U.S.S.R. are based on two treaties: a
as to such internal Polish matters as
has created an aluminum industry based
Science and Technology Agreement
minimal amenities.
economic problems. The new Polish
bilateral Treaty of Friendship, Coopera-
the anti-Semitic actions of 1968-69.
on Hungarian bauxite and power from
first discussed by Dr. David was signed
In 1968 Poland began production
leadership produced by this upheaval
tion, and Mutual Aid of April 21, 1945,
The atmosphere of U.S.-Polish rela-
brown coal deposits.
in October 1972. In December 1973
of a Fiat car under license from the
embarked on the long and difficult task
renewed in April 1965, and the Warsaw
tions improved considerably during
the President's Science Adviser, Dr.
Poland's national income is esti-
Italian Fiat Company, in addition to
of bringing about a substantial improve-
Pact, a multilateral political-military
1971. The new Polish leadership made
Stever, led a delegation to Poland to
mated at $1,650 per capita, about 50
continuing production of two Polish
ment in living standards, including a
organization which includes all the
clear its interest in improving relations
discuss joint scientific cooperation and
percent less than the more developed
models. An estimated 96,000 passen-
downward adjustment of food prices,
Communist states of Eastern Europe
with the United States. Professor Jan
research.
countries of Western Europe but higher
ger cars were produced in 1971, of
modest increases in planned production
except Yugoslavia and Albania. In addi-
Kaczmarek, Chairman of the Polish
In recent years more than 500 Pol-
than Spain or Greece, for example.
which approximately 58,000 were
of housing, and the development of a
tion, Poland is a member of the Council
State Committee on Science and Tech-
ish scholars have visited the United
Poland puts itself in 11th place in the
Polish Fiats. In October 1971 it was
"people's" car. Private agricultural pro-
for Economic Mutual Assistance
nology, accepted an invitation to visit
States annually at the invitation of U.S.
world in terms of industrial output,
announced that Poland had agreed to
duction was stimulated by a series of ac-
(CEMA), a Soviet bloc economic co-
the United States in April 1971. In
universities, government agencies, and
but fifth in hard coal, sixth in sulphur,
purchase an additional Fiat license for
tions which had the effect of raising
ordinating organization. Sizable Soviet
November Transportation Secretary
private institutions. The Department of
and seventh in steel.
production of a four-passenger, two-
prices paid to a farmer for his produce
military forces are still stationed in
Volpe became the first U.S. Cabinet
State has provided full and partial sup-
6
port for more than 30 visitors a year,
Polish zlotys are also used to finance
of American agricultural products,
including about 20 research scholars
the translation of Polish scientific mate-
notably cotton, edible oils, soybeans,
LIST OF COUNTRIES
and graduate students under the Ful-
rials into English and for exchange pro-
and corn. Since 1966 a total of
bright-Hays program. A comparable
grams between the American National
$187 million in Commodity Credit Cor-
Write to the Superintendent of Documents. U.S. Government Printing Office. Washington, D.C. 20402. for any item, or combi-
number of Poles is invited to the United
Academy of Science and the Polish
poration credits have been extended to
nation of items. from among the following: (1) complete set of all looseleaf Background Notes currently in stock (at least 140)-
States by other Federal agencies in
Academy of Sciences. The American
enable Poland to buy these products
$16.35 per set. plus $4.10 for foreign mailing; (2) 1-year subscription service for approximately 77 updated or new Background Notes
connection with cooperative research
children's hospital at Krakow was also
on terms competitive with other sup-
-$14.50 per year. plus $3.65 for foreign mailing; (3) plasticized binder-$1.50 each, plus 40 cents for foreign mailing; and (4) individ-
projects in medicine and agriculture
built principally with U.S.-owned
pliers. U.S. exports to Poland in
ual Background Notes chosen from the list below-20 cents each, plus 5 cents for foreign mailing. (Orders of 100 copies or more of
the same Note sent to the same address are sold at a 25 percent discount).
financed by Public Law 480 (Food for
zlotys.
1973 totaled more than $325 million.
Peace) funds. Under the Fulbright-
In 1960 the Polish Government
Available September 1973
Hays program, approximately 20-25
agreed to pay $40 million over 20 years
Principal U.S. Officials
Afghanistan (pub. 7795)
Guatemala (pub. 7798)
American university professors and
to settle claims of American citizens
Norway (pub. 8228)
Albania (pub. 8217)
Guinea (pub. 8057)
graduate students receive full or partial
for nationalized property. In the same
Ambassador-Richard T. Davies
Pakistan (pub. 7748)
Algeria (pub. 7821)
Guyana (pub. 8095)
grants to teach and conduct research
Deputy Chief of Mission-John R.
Panama (pub. 7903)
year the United States extended to
Andorra (pub. 8578)
Haiti (pub. 8287)
Paraguay (pub. 8098)
at Polish institutions.
Poland a most-favored-nation tariff
Davis, Jr.
Angola (pub. 7962)
Honduras (pub. 8184)
Peru (pub. 7799)
The two countries also regularly ex-
treatment, thus enabling Polish imports
Political Officer-John D. Scanlan
Argentina (pub. 7836)
Hong Kong (pub. 8126)
Philippines (pub. 7750)
change performing arts groups. In the
to enter the United States at the lowest
Econ/Commercial Officer-Carl
Australia (pub. 8149)
Hungary (pub. 7915)
Poland (pub. 8020)
past few years Polish audiences have
duty rates. In part as a result of this
Schmidt
Austria (pub. 7955)
Iceland (pub. 8227)
Portugal (pub. 8074)
been able to see performances by
treatment, Polish exports to the United
Consular Officer-Robert D. Emmons
Bahamas (pub. 8329)
India (pub. 7847)
Portuguese Guinea (pub. 7966)
outstanding musicians, dancers, and
Press and Cultural Affairs Officer-
Bahrain (pub. 8013)
Indonesia (pub. 7786)
States have grown steadily, reaching a
Qatar (pub. 7906)
other performing arts groups. Among
value of over $150 million in 1973.
Leonard Baldyga
Bangladesh (pub. 8698)
Iran (pub. 7760)
Romania (pub. 7890)
Barbados (pub. 8242)
Iraq (pub. 7975)
those sponsored by the Department of
Rwanda (pub. 7916)
Since the conclusion of the Public
The U.S. Embassy in Poland is
Belgium (pub. 8087)
Ireland (pub. 7974)
San Marino (pub. 8661)
State have been the New York City
Law 480 sales program, Poland has
located at Aleje Ujazdowskie 29/31,
Bermuda (pub. 7907)
Israel (pub. 7752)
Saudi Arabia (pub. 7835)
Ballet and the Fifth Dimension jazz
continued to be a significant purchaser
Warsaw.
Bhutan (pub. 8334)
Italy (pub. 7861)
Senegal (pub. 7820)
group. Poland has also sent similar
Bolivia (pub. 8032)
Ivory Coast (pub. 8119)
Seychelles (pub. 8246)
groups to the United States.
Botswana (pub. 8046)
Jamaica (pub. 8080)
Sierra Leone (pub. 8069)
READING LIST
Korbonski, Andrzej. Politics of
Brazil (pub. 7756)
Japan (pub. 7770)
Singapore (pub. 8240)
Socialist Agriculture in Poland:
British Honduras (pub. 8332)
Jordan (pub. 7956)
Somali Dem. Rep. (pub. 7881)
U.S.-Polish contacts in the com-
1945-60. New York: Columbia
Bulgaria (pub. 7882)
Kenya (pub. 8024)
South Africa (pub. 8021)
mercial and scientific fields have been
University Press, 1965.
Burma (pub. 7931)
Khmer Rep. (pub. 7747)
South West Africa (pub. 8168)
more far-reaching than U.S. relations
Burundi (pub. 8084)
Alton, Thad Paul. Polish Postwar
Lane, Arthur Bliss. I Saw Poland
Korea, North (pub. 8396)
Southern Rhodesia (pub. 8104)
in these fields with other East European
Cameroon (pub. 8010)
Economy. New York: Columbia
Betrayed. Indianapolis: Bobbs-
Korea, Rep. of (pub. 7782)
Spain (pub. 7800)
countries. In part, this situation stems
Canada (pub. 7769)
Kuwait (pub. 7855)
University Press, 1955.
Merrill Co. 1948.
Spanish Sahara (pub. 7905)
from the decision taken in 1957 to sell
Central African Rep. (pub. 7970)
Laos (pub. 8301)
Sudan (pub. 8022)
Bromke, Adam, ed. The Communist
Lewis, Flora. A Case History of
Chad (pub. 7669)
Poland surplus agricultural commodi-
Lebanon (pub. 7816)
States at the Crossroads. New
Hope: The Story of Poland'
Chile (pub. 7998)
Sri Lanka (pub. 7757)
ties under Title I of Public Law 480.
Lesotho (pub. 8091)
Surinam (pub. 8268)
York: Praeger, 1966.
Peaceful Revolutions. Garden
China, People's Rep. of (pub. 7751)
Liberia (pub. 7991)
By 1964, when this program ended, the
Brzezinski, Zbigniew K. The Soviet
China, Rep. of (pub. 7791)
Swaziland (pub. 8174)
City, N. Y.: Doubleday, 1958.
Libya (pub. 7815)
Sweden (pub. 8033)
United States had shipped a total of
Bloc: Unity and Conflict. Cam-
Colombia (pub. 7767)
Montias, John. Central Planning in
Liechtenstein (pub. 8610)
$538 million in agricultural commodi-
Congo (pub. 7896)
Switzerland (pub. 8132)
bridge: Harvard University Press,
Poland. New Haven: Yale
Luxembourg (pub. 7856)
ties to Poland. These goods were sold
Costa Rica (pub. 7768)
Syria (pub. 7761)
1967.
University Press, 1962.
Cuba (pub. 8347)
Macao (pub. 8352)
Tanzania (pub. 8097)
for Polish currency (zlotys) which
Buell, Raymond Leslie. Poland:
Morrison, James F. The Polish
Cyprus (pub. 7932)
Malagasy Rep. (pub. 8015)
Thailand (pub. 7961)
thereby became available for use by the
Key to Europe. New York:
People's Republic. Baltimore:
Czechoslovakia (pub. 7758)
Malawi (pub. 7790)
Togo (pub. 8325)
U.S. Government for financing its
Johns Hopkins University Press,
Dahomey (pub. 8308)
Malaysia (pub. 7753)
Knopf, 1939.
Tonga (pub. 8594)
activities in Poland. Polish currency not
Denmark (pub. 8298)
Maldives (pub. 8026)
Trinidad and Tobago (pub. 8306)
Dziewanowski, M. K. The Com-
1968.
needed for U.S. programs is converted
Dominican Rep. (pub. 7759)
Mali (pub. 8056)
Tunisia (pub. 8142)
munist Party of Poland. Cam-
Stehle, Hans Jakob. The Independ-
Ecuador (pub. 7771)
Malta (pub. 8220)
back to dollars by the Polish Govern-
Turkey (pub. 7850)
bridge: Harvard University Press,
ent Satellite. New York: Praeger,
Egypt (pub. 8152)
Martinique (pub. 8320)
Uganda (pub. 7958)
ment at a stipulated annual rate.
1959.
1965.
El Salvador (pub. 7794)
Mauritania (pub. 8169)
U.S.S.R. (pub. 7842)
In addition to covering the U.S.
Halecki, Oskar. A History of Poland.
Syrop, Konrad. Spring in October.
Equatorial Guinea (pub. 8025)
Mauritius (pub. 8023)
United Arab Emirates (pub. 7901)
Embassy's regular expenses, financing
New York: Roy, 1956.
New York: Praeger, 1958.
Ethiopia (pub. 7785)
Mexico (pub. 7865)
United Kingdom (pub. 8099)
cultural programs in Poland, and paying
Hiscocks, Richard. Poland: Bridge
Szczepanski, Jan. Polish Society.
Fiji (pub. 8486)
Monaco (pub. 8670)
Upper Volta (pub. 8201)
Social Security and other pensions, the
for the Abyss? New York: Ox-
New York: Random, 1970.
Finland (pub. 8262)
Mongolia (pub. 8318)
Uruguay (pub. 7857)
Polish currency on deposit is used to
ford University Press, 1963.
Woods, William H. Poland: Eagle
France (pub. 8209)
Morocco (pub. 7954)
Vatican City (pub. 8258)
finance joint research projects in the
French Guiana (pub. 8321)
Mozambique (pub. 7965)
Venezuela (pub. 7749)
Juncewicz, Maria, ed. The Modern
in the Sky: A Survey of Modern
French Territory of Afars
Muscat and Oman (pub. 8070)
fields of medicine, social welfare, agri-
Viet-Nam, North (pub. 8505)
Polish Mind. Boston: Little,
Times. New York: Hill and
and Issas (pub. 8429)
Nauru (pub. 8595)
culture, and forestry. More than 100
Viet-Nam, Rep. of (pub. 7933)
Brown, 1962.
Wang, 1968.
Gabon (pub. 7968)
Nepal (pub. 7904)
Western Samoa (pub. 8345)
projects are currently in progress. The
The Gambia (pub. 8014)
Netherlands (pub. 7967)
Yemen Arab Rep. (pub. 8170)
DEPARTMENT OF STATE PUBLICATION 8020
Germany, East (pub. 7957)
Netherlands Antilles (pub. 8223)
Yemen, People's Dem. Rep. of (pub.
Revised April 1974
Germany, Fed. Rep. of (pub. 7834)
New Zealand (pub. 8251)
8368)
Office of Media Services
Ghana (pub. 8089)
Nicaragua (pub. 7772)
Yugoslavia (pub. 7773)
Greece (pub. 8198)
Niger (pub. 8293)
Bureau of Public Affairs
Zaire (pub. 7793)
Guadeloupe (pub. 8319)
Nigeria (pub. 7953)
Zambia (pub. 7841)
U. S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE 1974 O 545-132 (2162)
For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C. 20402
Price 25 cents (single copy). Subscription Price: $14.50 per year; $3.65 additional for foreign mailing
IN UNITED STATES
FOREIGN POLICY
As an aid in the study of foreign relations the Department of State publishes illus-
trated pamphlets entitled Issues in United States Foreign Policy.
The purpose of this educational series is to assist in identifying the elements of inter-
national problems, rather than to propose solutions-to define questions rather than
answers. To this end, emphasis is given not to policy decisions, but to the context
within which decisions must be made.
Issues is designed primarily for participants in adult study groups and high school and
college students. A discussion guide for teachers and group leaders is published for
each pamphlet.
The pamphlets and discussion guides are available from: Government Bookstore,
Department of State Building, Room 2817, Washington, D.C. 20520. Orders of 100
or more copies of the same publication sent to the same address are sold at a 25 percent
discount. Published to date are:
NATO and the Defense of Europe, Dept. of State pub. 8476, 60¢. Discussion
guide, pub. 8487, 10¢.
Commitments of U.S. Power Abroad, Dept. of State pub. 8488, 40¢. Discussion
guide, pub. 8498, 10¢.
People's Republic of China, Dept. of State pub. 8666, $1.25. Discussion guide,
pub. 8503, 10¢.
United Nations, Dept. of State pub. 8553, $1.00. Discussion guide, pub. 8563,
10¢.
CURRENT INFORMATION SUPPLEMENTS
India, Pakistan, and Bangladesh, Dept. of State pub. 8673, 55¢.
World Data Handbook, Dept. of State pub. 8655, 25¢.
U.S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE: 1974-545-132/2162
PRE-ADVANCE TRIP
CITY WARSAW
Dates of Visit July 28 - - 29, 1975
U.S. EMBASSY
Ambassador Richard Davies
Telephone # 28-30-41
DCM John Davis Acting. Jack Scanlan
Telephone #
PAO Jim Bradshaw Dpy, Del Pendergrast Telephone #
Address Aleje Ujazdowskie 29/31
ADVANCE TEAM
Lead
Bob Goodwin
Keith Kretschmer, Larry Eastland
USSS
Frank Wilson
Dick Cheadle
WHCA Bob Bishop
Aide.
Press Pappy Noel & Hal McIntyre
State: Ted Figuera
Chuck Angulo
HOST COUNTRY OFFICIALS
Foreign Ministry
Information Officer Andrezej Konopacki
Telephone #
21-82-21
11 "Assistanty Kazimierz Bilanow
Telephone #
21-93-25
Secretary/Other Interpress
Telephone #
Local TV contact
Telephone #
Local Telephone contact
Telephone #
Local Credentials Contact
Telephone #
Address
HOTEL
Name
Forum Hotel
General Manager
Address Nowowogrodzka 24/26 St.
PR Person
Telephone # 2109
Security Officer
Cable
Telex # 814-704
SEPTED R. FORD TBRARY
PRESS CENTER HOTEL FORUM
Location in Hotel Balowa Mata (sml. ballroom) & Balowa Duza (lg. ballroom)
Telex location Masovia
Staff Office Location
Vistula
Briefing Room (if different from press center)
Secure Storage Room
Mimeo Varsovia
- 2
CITY WARSAW
PRESS CENTER FACILITIES
Long Distance Telephones
Are they broadcast quality?
Telex
Limit on copy accepted?
Runners
Couriers
Film shipment arrangements Polish TV will handle & expedite
Payment: Collect Calls?
International credit cards?
COURTESIES
Bars and restaurants throughout hotel
Bar: Location Press center
Hours of Operation
Gratis
Cash XXXXXXX
Food: Availability Press Center
Hours of availability
Gratis
Cash XXXX
Places to eat in hotel
will offer buffet snacks at nite and continental breakfast in the morn.
Currency Exchange Desk: Hours of Operation For staff in control room
Arrival Hotel cashier for press Departure
CAUTION black market is rampant, form of entrapment, DO NOT TRADE!!!!!
Message Center: Hours of Operation 24 hours
Paging System yes
Special phone # or thru hotel switchboard thru hotel switchboard
Bulletin Board yes
Check cashing facilities: In Hotel
American Express nearby
Primarily for staff cashing perdiem checks.
USIS
Transportation Officer Victor Grey
Telephone #
28-30-41
Press Center Officer Dell & John Williams
Telephone #
Baggage Officer Larry Plotkin
Telephone #
Hotel Officer Bob Gosende
Telephone #
RESPONSIBILITIES:
1. Press Kits available.
FORD is LIBRARY DERALD
2. Interpreters available.
3. Buses available.
4. Manning of wire machines, clip every half hour, put in folders marked:
"Domestic, 11 "Foreign, " and "President's Trip" give to designated person
in Press Secretary's office.
3
CITY
WARSAW
5. Message Center.
6. Make releases, postings and pool reports available on bulletin board and extras
7. Clocks, 2, Eastern time and Local time.
8. Coordinate with Embassy personnel to send back to Washington information
for Press Books: Principle officials' bios; color background on places the
President will visit, stay, and rooms in which meetings will be conducted.
9. XEROX machines
10. Press room lists made available
11. Guest Lists.
12. Menus.
13. Motorpool dispatcher for Press Office (6 cars).
CREDENTIALS REQUIREMENTS Work thru Polish embassy for visa info sheet.
Name, Passports passport #, Date of birth, nationality need the list!!!!!
yes
Visas
yes
# of pictures required 2?
Local country credentials Yes
# of pictures required
NO
Special pool passes
Possibility
White House press passes accepted
no
Third country restrictions?
Will have the credentials in advance, ship to Bonn.
POWER
Volts/Cycle
220/50
Type of plug (number and shape of prongs) two round prongs
Converters & adapter plugs available 12 of each
WEATHER
Temperature: High mid 80's
Low
LIBRARY GERALD R FORD
60's
Percipitation outlook
Rain likely
Special clothing considerations
Dark Suit
DRESS
Any special dress requirements for press and/or Press Office staff?
Formal wear for any pool events
Dark Suit
CITY WARSAW
AIRPORT - Okecie
Where do press planes land
Okecie Airport - - Military side
How do press get to press area:
walk
buses
Press area location
Airport Manager
Telephone #
Airport Security
Telephone #
Facilities:
Long Distance telephones
10
Telex none
Runners/Couriers
Film Shipment
Coverage
open
Crowd situation expectation Good possibility any efforts made
Unusual requirements for cameras? dollies? moving?
Names of greeters
Names of welcoming groups (bands, honor guards etc...)
MOTORCADE
Crowd situation expectation
Yes
Number of press buses in motorcade
USIS interpreter on each bus
FINANCES (Who pays? White House, Local Government, USIS)
Press Center
Wire machines (AP, UPI, Reuters)
food/bar
Press Offices
LIBRARY GERALD
Pool cars
Baggage trucks
Buses
Choppers
Communications
Camera platforms
All bills must receive White House approval before payment is made by USIS.
- 5 -
CITY
WARSAW
TRANSPORTATION
Motor Pool Cars (6)
6
Wire Cars
2
Camera Cars
3
Buses for 150
6 at our direction
4 - 2.5 ton baggage trucks
Airplane crew minibuses
SITE LOCATION
Site address
Site Contact
Telephone #
Site Contact
Telephone #
Camera platform
Lighting
Number of press allowed
Size of pools
Request color background of meeting rooms (historic significance, description,
setting etc...) and places the President will visit.
CITY WARSAW
DATES OF VISIT July 28 & July 29
Mon,
Tues,
Signal tel.
#
28-30-41
ext 353 or 354
Probable
weather: low 80s in the day, mid-70s at night
Events we'll have: - 11:45- mid-afternoon: arrival ceremony, wreath
laying, luncheon, concert & tour of old town
-
pm State dinner
Forum
how many
You'll be staying:
Parrova
40 5 mins (Parkova Suite 202 )
/
Jack Ford
mins fr
Mrs. Ford will be: Wilanov Palace
4am 5 mins
Wilanov
Ambassador's wife: Mrs. Richard Davies
2
first name
Wife of head of state: Mrs. Edward Gierek, wife of the First
secretary of the central Committee of
the Polish United Workers party
STAFF LOCATIONS
TELL FiGura srw decision
Patti
Krak
Pete
Krak
3
Carolyn Parkava room 206
Mary Lou Parkova 204
Karl
1012 forum
Jeanne 1423 forum
ick 2829 Farum
PRESS INFORMATION
Call press here)
Press hotel Forum Hotel 21-09
press center location Forum Hotel small & large ballroom - 1st floor
staff room tel #
1
4)
H Thos
2518 forum
papp
5
UPI F. Carmier 908 forum
Network Pool coordntr
r
2
Srw staying
USIS message center
4
289-219
nesser
3
R.
Krakow
ADVANCE TEAM
SÉPALD
FORM
KEY CONTACTS (embassy)
Mrs. Ford Ralph Johnson
lead bob goodwin
Jack Ford Ralph Johnson
press pappy noel
Press Jim Bradshaw,
press trnsptn hal mc Intyre
Del Pendergrast
WHCA bob bishop
Knaha
USSS frank wilson
pjm
State ted fiquera, chuck angulo
MRS. FORD'S PARTICIPATION IN THE PRESIDENT'S
VISIT TO THE FEDERAL REPUBLIC OF GERMANY,
POLAND, FINLAND, ROMANIA AND YUGOSLAVIA
July 26 - August 4, 1975
Saturday, July 26, 1975
8:05 AM
See President's schedule for details.
EDT
All activities for this day are with the President.
Sunday, July 27, 1975
8:45 AM
See President's schedule
9:45 AM
Mrs. Ford, escorted by Mrs. Helmut Schmidt, departs
ceremony site enroute Tea House for tea.
9:50 AM
Mrs. Ford arrives Tea House for informal tea.
PRESS POOL COVERAGE
ATTENDANCE: 4
10:30 AM
Mrs. Ford, escorted by Mrs. Schmidt, departs
Tea House enroute Schmidt bungalow.
10:35 AM
Mrs. Ford, escorted by Mrs. Schmidt, arrives
bungalow and proceeds to guest quarters.
PERSONAL/STAFF TIME: 1 Hour, 25 Minutes
12:00 Noon
Mrs. Ford, escorted by Mrs. Schmidt, departs bungalow
enroute Villa Hammerschmidt.
(Walking Time: 3 Minutes)
12:03 PM
Mrs. Ford arrives Villa Hammerschmidt
Mrs. Ford will be met by:
Mrs. Walter Scheel (Mildred)
BERALD R. FORD
PRESS POOL COVERAGE
LIBRARY
12:05 PM
Mrs. Ford, escorted by Mrs. Scheel, proceeds into
Villa Hammerschmidt for informal reception and
luncheon.
PRESS POOL COVERAGE
ATTENDANCE: 20
12:30 PM
Luncheon is served
1:30 PM
Luncheon concludes
1:30 PM
Mrs. Ford bids farewell to luncheon guests and
departs Villa Hammerschmidt enroute motorcade
for boarding.
MOTORCADE DEPARTS Villa Hammerschmidt
enroute Schloss Gymnich
(Driving Time: 45 Minutes)
2:15 PM
MOTORCADE ARRIVES Schloss Gymnich.
Mrs. Ford proceeds to residence quarters
2:20 PM
Mrs. Ford arrives residence quarters
PERSONAL/STAFF TIME: 4 Hours, 15 Minutes
6:35 PM
See President's schedule
Monday, July 28, 1975
8:50 AM
See President's schedule for Bonn departure
and Warsaw, Poland arrival.events.
BERALD FORD
1:40 PM
Mrs. Ford, accompanied by Mrs. Davies and
Mrs. Trampczynski, boards motorcade
MOTORCADE DEPARTS Wilanow Palace enroute Palace
of the Council of Ministers.
(Driving Time: 15 Minutes)
1:55 PM
MOTORCADE ARRIVES Palace of the Council of
Ministers.
Mrs. Ford will be met by:
First Secretary and Mrs. Gierek
Mrs. Ford, escorted by First Secretary and Mrs.
Gierek proceeds to Lounge to await the arrival
of the President.
2:00 PM
See President's schedule for event details
4:25 PM
Mrs. Ford and Jack Ford board First Lady motorcade.
MOTORCADE DEPARTS 01d Town enroute Wilanow Palace.
(Driving Time: 25 Minutes)
4:50 PM
MOTORCADE ARRIVES Wilanow Palace.
:
Mrs. Ford proceeds to residence quarters.
4:55 PM
Mrs. Ford arrives residence quarters.
PERSONAL/STAFF TIME: 3 Hours, 33 Minutes
8:27 PM
See President's schedule for evening activities
Tuesday, July 29, 1975
8:35 AM
See President's schedule for Warsaw departure
and Krakow arrival.
9:50 AM
Mrs. Ford,, escorted by Mrs. Gierek, proceeds to
First Lady motorcade for boarding.
MOTORCADE DEPARTS Krakow Airport enroute Collegium
Maius (Major College)
10:10 AM
MOTORCADE ARRIVES Collegium Maius
Mrs. Ford and Jack Ford will be met by:
Professor Mieczyslaw Karas, Rector of the University
Professor Karol Estreicher, Director, Institute of
Art History
10:15 AM
Mrs. Ford and Jack Ford escorted by Professor
Estreicher proceed on tour of Collegium Maius.
PRESS POOL COVERAGE
11:00 AM
Mrs. Ford and Jack Ford conclude tour and enter
Courtyard for informal reception with Polish and
American students.
ATTENDANCE: 60
PRESS POOL COVERAGE
11:10 AM
Mrs. Ford and Jack Ford depart Courtyard enroute
motorcade for boarding.
11:15 AM
MOTORCADE DEPARTS Collegium Maius enroute
Wawel Castle
(Driving Time: 5 Minutes)
11:20 AM
MOTORCADE ARRIVES Wawel Castle
Mrs. Ford and Jack Ford proceed to holding area.
PERSONAL TIME: 1 Hour, 9 Minutes
GERALD
OMO'S
12:06 PM
The President arrives holding area
LIBRARY
12:29 PM
See President's Schedule for balance of Krakow
visit and Helsinki, Finland arrival.
VISIT OF PRESIDENT AND MRS. FORD
WARSAW, POLAND
JULY 28 - 29, 1975
ADDRESSES
American Embassy
Ujazdowskie 29/31
phone: 283041-9
Forum Hotel
Nowogrodzka 24/26
phone: 2109
Parkowa Hotel
Belwederska 46/50
phone: 416021
Wilanow Palace
phone: 420795
2.
OFFICIAL PARTY
RESIDENCE
The President
Wilanow Palace
Mrs. Ford
Wilanow Palace
Hon. Henry A. Kissinger
Parkowa Villa #1
Robert T. Hartmann
Parkowa Rm 113
Ronald H. Nessen
Parkowa Rm 213
Lt.Gen. Brent Scowcroft
Parkowa Villa #1
Richard B. Cheney
Wilanow Palace
Helmut Sonnenfeldt
Parkowa Villa #2
Arthur A. Hartman
Parkowa Villa #2
John G. Ford
Wilanow Palace
3.
OFFICES
oser
FORUM HOTEL CONTROL ROOM
Room 2725
S/S OFFICE
Parkowa Villa #2
STATE DEPARTMENT CONTROL ROOM
Parkowa Rms 102 and 103 (ext. 22 and 24)
8081
STATE/NSC OFFICE
Parkowa Villa #1
COD all
SENIOR STAFF OFFICE
Parkowa Villa #2
sser ml Iefoll
VISITORS SERVICE CENTER
Parkowa Hotel ground floor
SW sffiv SWORTST
WHITE HOUSE ADVANCE OFFICE
Parkowa Villa #3
==
8181 mil IstoH
взтоед .H
Isar mH IefoH MISTOR
EW sitiv SWORTST
bell
SSOI mit IejoH mutoy
(I) EOS mill SWORTST
efned .A
EOES mЯ IntoH
IN alliv
1081 mR IntoN misto?
DOES or Istoll
(SO ***) 800 ml
A
4.
NAMES
RESIDENCE
Adams, Brig.Gen. Lawrence
Forum Hotel Rm 1920
Andrews, Nicholas
Parkowa Rm 112 (ext. 34)
Araiza, SMSgt. Abel
Parkowa Rm 308 (ext. 64)
Badar, Leodegario
Parkowa Rm 406 (ext. 78)
Barrett, Maj. Robert E.
Parkowa Rm 313 (ext. 69)
Bautista, Arturo B.
Wilanow Palace
Benson, Paul
Forum Hotel Rm 1806
Berger, Cathy
Parkowa Rm 205 (ext. 44)
Besednik, Barbara
Parkowa Rm 409 (ext. 81)
Biery, Marilyn
Parkowa Rm 208 (ext. 47)
Bishop, Robert
Forum Hotel Rm 1922
Bremer, L. Paul
Parkowa Villa #1
Butcher, Suzanne
Parkowa Villa #2
Cadwaller, Ron
Forum Hotel Rm 1624
Carlson, R. George
Forum Hotel Rm 1618
Carter, Henry
Forum Hotel Rm 1621
Cavaney, Red
Parkowa Villa #3
Chiles, Joy
Forum Hotel Rm 1022
Clift, A. Denis
Parkowa Rm 203 (ext. 41)
Coates, Thomas
Forum Hotel Rm 2303
Covey, James
Parkowa Villa #1
Coyle, Pat
Forum Hotel Rm 1604
Crew, Maj. Gerald
Forum Hotel Rm 2304
Cuff, William F.
Parkowa Rm 306 (ext. 62)
5.
NAMES
RESIDENCE
Crawford, Maj. John
Forum Hotel Rm 2629
Decair, Tom
Forum Hotel Rm 1216
Delacruz, Victorio
Parkowa Rm 405 (ext. 77)
Domina, Capt. Lee
Wilanow Palace
Dreylinger, John
Forum Hotel Rm 1518
Dyas, Mark
Forum Hotel Rm 1502
Figura, Tad
Parkowa Rm 303 (ext. 58)
Fitzgerald, Capt. Gerald
Forum Hotel Rm 2717
Friedman, Milton
Parkowa Rm 402 (ext. 72)
Gates, Marvin
Forum Hotel Rm 2622
Gebert, Karla
Parkowa Rm 107 (ext. 29)
Gerrard, Constance
Parkowa Rm 212 (ext. 51)
Gildea, Jean
Parkowa Rm 410 (ext. 82)
Goldstein, Doris
Forum Hotel Rm 1424
Goodwin, Robert F.
Parkowa Villa #3
Greener, William
Forum Hotel Rm 1203
Grover, Ellis
Forum Hotel Rm 1412
Hall, R. Jimmy
Forum Hotel Rm 1410
Hall, Wilma
Parkowa Rm 209 (ext. 48)
Halterman, Gay
Forum Hotel Rm 1408
Harrison, Alen
Forum Hotel Rm 1405
Heidbreder, George
Forum Hotel Rm 1404
Hesse, Lt. Col. Kenneth
Forum Hotel Rm 262$
Hitt, Peggy
Parkowa Rm 305 (ext. 61)
6.
NAMES
RESIDENCE
Hoch, Ronald E.
Forum Hotel Rm 1230
Hodges, Gahl
Parkowa Rm 304 (ext. 60)
Hoppe, Larry
Forum Hotel Rm 2019
Hunt, L. Ray
Parkowa Rm 302 (ext. 56)
Hushen, John
Forum Hotel Rm 1221
Jackson, Ronald
Parkowa Rm 404 (ext. 76)
Ingersoll, Frederick M.
Parkowa Rm 311 (ext. 67)
Keiser, R.
Forum Hotel Rm 2825
Kelly, John
Forum Hotel Rm 1219
Kennerly, David Hume
Parkowa Rm 403 (ext. 74)
Kissinger, David
Parkowa Villa #1
Knieps, Karlene
Parkowa Rm 211 (ext. 50)
Knight, H. Stewart
Forum Hotel Rm 2907
Kollmorgen, Capt. Leland
Parkowa Rm 413 (ext. 85)
Kretschmer, Keith
Parkowa Villa #3
Law, Bobby
Forum Hotel Rm 1602
Lukash, R.Adm. William M.
Wilanow Palace
McCann, Katherine
Parkowa Rm 411 (ext. 83)
McClelland, Lt.Col. Lester
Forum Hotel Rm 2425
McIntyre, Hal
Forum Hotel Rm 1910
McKeown, Lt. Col. Donald
Forum Hotel Rm 2429
McWhirter, Larry
Forum Hotel Rm 1208
Manning, Robert
Forum Hotel Rm 1214
Marceaux, Charles
Forum Hotel Rm 1212
7.
NAMES
RESIDENCE
Mead, Robert
Forum Hotel Rm 1027
Melchidri, Robert T.
Forum Hotel Rm 1206
Merson, James
Parkowa Rm 408 (ext. 80)
Noel, Pappy
Forum Hotel Rm 1927
O'Donnell, Terrance
Parkowa Villa #3
O'Neil, Judy
Forum Hotel Rm 1204
Oldenberg, MSG Herbert G.
Parkowa Rm 310 (ext. 66)
Pierce, 1st Lt. Donald
Forum Hotel Rm 2729
Porembka, Carolyn K.
Parkowa Rm 206 (ext. 45)
Pirozzi, Gay
Forum Hotel Rm 1130
Presock, Patty
Forum Hotel Rm 1118
Quinlan, Jeannie
Parkowa Rm 407 (ext. 79)
Radel, Lt.Col. Andy
Forum Hotel Rm 2304
Reams, Peter
Parkowa Villa #2
Reynolds, Maj. Harold
Forum Hotel
Riley, Col.
Forum Hotel Rm 2928
Robert, Larry
Forum Hotel Rm 2525
Roberts, William
Forum Hotel Rm 1427
Robinson, John
Forum Hotel Rm 1112
Rodman, Peter
Parkowa Rm 111 (ext. 33)
Rosenberger, Eric
Forum Hotel Rm 1023
GEALTY FORD CORARY
Rosmarin, Edward I.
Forum Hotel Rm 1608
Ross, Douglas
Forum Hotel Rm 1021
Ruddick, Maj. Robert
Forum Hotel Rm 2628
8.
NAMES
RESIDENCE
Ruwe, Nancy
Parkowa Rm 108 (ext. 30)
Saplan, Rogelio
Wilanow Palace
Schmacher, Karl
Forum Hotel Rm 1012
Schutes, Lt. Col. John
Forum Hotel Rm 2428
Serrano, Eddie
Parkowa Rm 307 (ext. 63)
Sheils, Mary Lou
Parkowa Rm 204 (ext. 43)
Short, Annabelle
Forum Hotel Rm 1623
Stahl, Norman R.
Parkowa Rm 309 (ext. 65)
Saunders, Harold H.
Parkowa Rm 110 (ext. 32)
Soltis, Marjorie
Parkowa Rm 210 (ext. 49)
Stouffer, Jeanie
Forum Hotel Rm 1423
Stump, Capt. Kern V.
Forum Hotel Rm 2728
Thomas, Richard
Forum Hotel Rm 1010
Trattner, John
Forum Hotel Rm 1005
Weidenfeld, Sheila
Parkowa Rm 202 (ext. 39)
Wilson, Frank
Forum Hotel Rm 1929
Wooten, Kathy
Parkowa Rm 207 (ext. 46)
Yates, Nell
Parkowa Rm 109 (ext. 31)
Zimmerman, Francis
Forum Hotel Rm 1004
Zook, Ray
Forum Hotel Rm 1201
LIST OF U.S. EMBASSY KEY PERSONNEL
U.S. Embassy Switchboard: 28-30-41
Office Phone Ext.
Home Phone
Ambassador: Richard T. Davies
201
43 31 19
DCM: John R. Davis, Jr.
202
45 21 09
Political Counselor: John D. Scanlan
210
43 10 02
Economic Counselor: Gerald P. Lamberty
269
43 08 25
Press & Cultural Counselor: James E. Bradshaw
301
45 03 27
Administrative Counselor: Ernst Conrath
262
41 89 76
Army Attache: Col. Richard H. Lewandowski
244
45 03 25
Air Attache: Lt. Col. Leonard Zalewski
244
44 55 74
Agricultural Attache: James A. Hutchins, Jr.
258
41 32 18
Science Attache: Allen S. Greenberg
267
49 96 02
Chief, Consular Section: Allan W. Otto
329
25 05 35
Cultural Office: Robert R. Gosende
302
45 01 68
Press Attache: Dell F. Pendergrast
310
12 03 82
Trade Development Center: Alex Hertzberg
304
45 03 52
Political Officer: Atherton Noyes III
220
43 05 62
Protocol/Political Officer: Jack M. Seymour, Jr. 206
44 74 49
Economic Officer: Ralph R. Johnson
252
22 03 36
George T. Boutin
252
44 09 58
Budget & Fiscal Officer: Anna M. Hafey
279
21 69 32
Disbursing Officer: Alfred J. Pelland
292
22 01 87
Regional Security Officer: C. David Harrison
261
44 17 69
General Services Officer: Ronald A. Gzehoviak
280
22 08 94
WELCOME TO WARSAW
and the
PARKOWA (PARK-O-VA) HOTEL
Motorpool
A dispatcher is located in the lobby (extension 10 and 25).
If you need a car while away from the hotel, dial the U.S.
Embassy 28-30-41, ext. 377.
A location card in both English and Polish has been placed
in each car. Since most drivers do not speak English you may
need to point to the desired location.
Because of tight security most Parkowa residents will have
to walk to the gate to pick up cars.
Parkowa Telephone
To call the Hotel from outside dial 41-60-21.
Note - phone extensions at Hotel are different from
room numbers.
State Department Control Room
Open 24 hours is located in Rooms 102 and 103 (2nd floor)
of the Hotel Parkowa (ext. 24). An Embassy officer and secretary
are on duty there to answer inquiries and provide assistance.
White House Staff Advance Office and Lounge
Located in Villa 3 immediately adjacent to the Hotel.
Visitors Service Center
Located off the lobby (ext. 57). Open until 2400 July 28
and 0600 to 1400 July 29. Beverages, cigarettes, and snack items
are on sale there for dollars.
Center personnel can assist you with information on
shopping, restaurants, entertainment, and sightseeing.
A wrapping service is provided for your local purchases.
Local Currency
Available at either the Visitors Service Center or the
Embassy Disbursing Office, 0900 to 2100.
Polish Gift Shop
Near the lobby, open from 0900 to 2400 July 28, and
0600 to 1700 July 29. Payment in dollars.
Embassy Facilities Available
Commissary will be open from 1100 to 2100 July 28,
and from 1100 to 1730 July 29. Payment by dollar check.
American Club restaurant will be open from 1700 to 2400
July 28 and 29. Payment by chits available at the Club
in $5.00 booklets.
Embassy Lunchroom will be open from 0800 to 1530
July 28 and 29. Payment in zlotys.
FORD LIBREST
-2-
The Hotel Parkowa Restaurant
Breakfast - 0600 to 1000
Lunch - 1300 to 1530
Dinner - 1800 to 2300
There will not be any dry cleaning or laundry facilities
available at this stop. However, a pressing service is
available. Bring garments to the Visitors Service Center.
Baggage Call
All passengers departing on 27000 should have luggage
outside door by 0545.
All passengers departing on 26000 should have luggage
outside door by 1100.
Transportation to Airport
All passengers departing on 27000 and not listed in the
motorcade will depart by bus from in front of the Parkowa
Hotel at 0800 Tuesday, July 29.
All passengers departing on 26000 will depart by bus
from in front of the Parkowa Hotel at 1300 Tuesday, July 29.
REMINDER
Today is Monday and you are in Warsaw.
Tomorrow is Tuesday and you will be in Krakow/Warsaw
and Helsinki.
PARKOWA DIAGRAM
SEC. OF
NSC &
W.H.
HOTEL
STATE
S/S
ADVANCE
Entrance
Gate
WHITE HOUSE COMMUNICATIONS FACILITIES IN WARSAW, POLAND
The following communications facilities are being provided:
SWITCHBOARD: To reach the Warsaw White House Switchboard from a commercial
phone, dial 29 40 91. To reach the Warsaw White House Switchboard from the
Parkowa Hotel phones, dial 75 or 86. To reach the Warsaw White House Switch-
board from the Forum Hotel phones, dial 8 3011 or 8 2411 or 1911.
SECURE TELETYPE SERVICES: Contact the Warsaw White House Switchboard and ask
for the Communications Center.
DACOM ( SECURE FACSIMILE ): Contact the Warsaw White House Switchboard and ask
for the Communications Center.
SECURE VOICE: Contact the Warsaw White House Switchboard and ask for the
Communications Center.
RADIO COMMUNICATIONS: Normal radio and page boy communications on Washington
and locally issued equipment.
REMINDER: Switchboard and radio communications are subject to surveillance.
POLAND (WaRSZawy)
mrs. Ford contact (and Jack)
Raeph Johnson x252 at 283041 of
220-336 home
Embassy address:
AL. UJAZDOWSKie
29/31
WARSAW, Poland
Jim Hutchins - 413 218 (backup for Ralph Johnson)
PRess - Jim Bradshaw (flach fasses, brown hair
Pub affairs ofer
BOB Rosese
DELL pensengrast (hair part way over)
businet
dark
ambassador Richard T. Davies
grey hair, whitesh temples
black 55-ish glasses, lightly tinted
DCM- John Davis
acting DCM Jack Scanlon in
leads
charge of visit
Bab Goodarin
Keeth Kretschmen
Pappy noel lary eastlad
weather - 85-86 prot
Bob Bishop
be prepared for sain
Irank Wilson
Ted angula
best buys amber
crystal (dollar store)
ASVOCIT
could set up a mini- dollar store
(wall hangings, wooden carvings,
downstairs in forum 9-1 dolla desartjero zolimskie
Polese Press sk shotsky (sp)