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William J. Baroody Files (Ford Administration)
William Baroody's Copies of "Weekly Briefing Notes on U.S. Domestic Developments"
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Environmental Protection Agency. 12/2/1970-
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The original documents are located in Box 37, folder "Weekly Briefing Notes,
9/22/1975" of the William J. Baroody Files at the Gerald R. Ford Presidential
Library.
Copyright Notice
The copyright law of the United States (Title 17, United States Code) governs the making of
photocopies or other reproductions of copyrighted material. Gerald R. Ford donated to the United
States of America his copyrights in all of his unpublished writings in National Archives collections.
Works prepared by U.S. Government employees as part of their official duties are in the public
domain. The copyrights to materials written by other individuals or organizations are presumed to
remain with them. If you think any of the information displayed in the PDF is subject to a valid
copyright claim, please contact the Gerald R. Ford Presidential Library.
Digitized from Box 37 of the William J. Baroody Files at the Gerald R. Ford Presidential Library
#
*
*
13
4
THE VICE PRESIDENT
7
WASHINGTON
*
*
*
September 24, 1975
MEMORANDUM FOR BILL BAROODY
Attached is this week's copy
of the Weekly Briefing Notes along with
a special report on Critical Minerals.
lueson
WEEKLY
BRIEFING NOTES
ON U.S. DOMESTIC
DEVELOPMENTS
Prepared for the President
and the Vice President
SEPTEMBER 22, 1975
COMPILED BY THE FEDERAL STATISTICAL SYSTEM
Coordinated by the Bureau of the Census
at the request of the Statistical Policy Division,
Office of Management and Budget
Vincent P. Barabba, Director
Joseph W. Duncan,
Bureau of the Census
Deputy Associate Director
for Statistical Policy
Office of Management and Budget
Week of September 22, 1975
SOURCES OF DATA
Personal Income
U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of Economic Analysis, "Survey of Current
Business"
Corporate Profits
U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of Economic Analysis, "Survey of Current Busi-
ness"
Real Earnings
U.S. Department of Labor, Bureau of Labor Statistics, "Employment and Earnings Statistics
for the United States"
Industrial Production
Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System, "Industrial Production and Related
Data" G.12.3
Manufacturing and Trade Inventories and Sales
U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of Economic Analysis, "Survey of Current
Business"
Balance of Payments
U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of Economic Analysis, "Survey of Current
Business"
Consumer Price Index
U.S. Department of Labor, Bureau of Labor Statistics, "The Consumer Price Index"
Housing Construction
U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census, "Construction Reports," Series C
Week of September 22, 1975
TABLE OF CONTENTS
SERIES
WEEKLY
MONTHLY
QUARTERLY
ANNUAL
OTHER
SECTION A-General Economic Indicators
Part 1-National Income and Product
A.1.1 Gross National Product
X
A.1.2 Personal Income
X
A.1.3 Corporate Profits
X
A.1.4 Federal Receipts and Expenditures
X
A.1.5 Business Investment
X
Part 2-Employment and Unemployment
A.2.1 Unemployment Rate
X
A.2.2 Duration of Unemployment
X
A.2.3 Unemployment Insurance
X
A.2.4 Labor Turnover
X
A.2.5 Help Wanted Index
X
Part 3-Hours, Earnings and Productivity
A.3.1 Average Workweek, Manufacturing
X
A.3.2 Compensation Per Man-hour
X
A.3.3 Productivity Indexes
X
A.3.4 Real Earnings
X
A.3.5 Work Stoppages
X
Part 4-Production and Trade
A.4.1 Industrial Production Index
X
A.4.2 Production of Primary Metals
X
A.4.3 Production and Sales of Transportation Equipment
X
A.4.4 Manufacturers' Shipments, Inventories, and Orders
X
A.4.5 Capacity Utilization
X
A.4.6 Retail Sales
X
A.4.7 Wholesale Trade: Sales and Inventories
X
A.4.8 Manufacturing and Trade Inventories and Sales
X
A.4.9 Manufacturers' Evaluation of Their Inventories
X
Part 5-Foreign Trade and Balance of Payments
A.5.1 Exports and Imports
X
A.5.2 Manufacturers' Export Sales and Orders of Durable Goods
X
BERALD FORD LIBRARY,
A.5.3 Balance of Payments
X
A.5.4 Foreign Travel
X
Part 6-Prices
A.6.1 Consumer Price Index
X
A.6.2 Wholesale Price Index
X
A.6.3 Tuesday Spot Market Price Index
X
Week of September 22, 1975
TABLE OF CONTENTS-Continued
SERIES
WEEKLY
MONTHLY
QUARTERLY
ANNUAL
OTHER
SECTION A-General Economic Indicators (Continued)
Part 7-Construction
A.7.1 Housing Construction
X
A.7.2 Value of New Construction Work Done
X
Part 8-Energy, Raw Materials, and Commodities
A.8.1 Distribution of Electric Power
X
A.8.2 Production and Consumption of Fossil Fuels
X
Part 9-Agriculture
A.9.1 Farm Income and Expenses
X
Part 10-Money and Credit
A.10.1 Money Stock Measures
X
A.10.2 Bank Reserves
X
A.10.3 Consumer Credit
X
A.10.4 Common Stock Prices
X
A.10.5 U.S. Government Securities
X
A.10.6 Business Credit
X
A.10.7 Interest Rates
Part 11-Indicators of Business Activity
A.11.1 Composite Index of Leading Indicators
X
A.11.2 Number of New Business Incorporations
X
A.11.3 Number of Business Failures
X
SECTION B-General Social Indicators
Part 1-Population
B.1.1 Population Estimates
- Total Population
X
- Total Population by Age, Sex, and Race
X
- Rate of Growth
X
R
- Components of Change (Births, Deaths, Net Immigration)
X
- Population Projections
X
- Abortion
X
FORD LIBRABYA
B.1.2 Population Distribution
- Population by Size of Place
X
- Population in Rural and Urban Areas
X
B.1.3 Migration
- Recent Movers
X
- Migration by Region
X
Week of September 22, 1975
TABLE OF CONTENTS-Continued
SERIES
WEEKLY
MONTHLY
QUARTERLY
ANNUAL
OTHER
SECTION B-General Social Indicators (Continued)
Part 2-The Family
B.2.1 Living Arrangements, Selected Characteristics
- Age, Sex, and Race
X
- Single Person Households
X
- Children Living With Single Parents
X
- Average Family Size
X
B.2.2 Family Formation and Dissolution
- Marital Status of the Population
X
- Marriage and Divorce Rates
X
- Marriages Ending in Divorce
X
B.2.3 Attitudes Towards Family Life
X
Part 3-Health
B.3.1 Life Expectancy
- At Birth
X
- At Selected Ages
X
- Death Rates by Cause
X
X
- Leading Causes of Death
X
- Infant Mortality
X
X
B.3.2 Disability
- Days of Disability by Type
X
- Institutionalized Population
X
- Disability by Degree of Limitation and Cause
X
- Short-Term Disability
X
B.3.3 Morbidity
- Communicable Diseases
X
- Acute Illness
X
B3.4 Health Status
- Nutrition
Dietary Intake
Clinical Measurements
X X X
- Obesity
- Drugs
Drug Deaths
X
Drug Abuse Episodes
X
Liquor Consumption
X
- Smoking
X
- Physical Fitness
X
- Perceived Health Status
X
Week of September 22, 1975
TABLE OF CONTENTS-Continued
SERIES
WEEKLY
MONTHLY
QUARTERLY
ANNUAL
OTHER
SECTION B-General Social Indicators (Continued)
B.3.5 Health Care Delivery
- Physician and Dental Visits
- Costs and Expenditures
- Facilities
X X X X
- Personnel
- Attitudes Towards Health Care
X
Part 4-Education
B.4.1 Educational Achievement by Sex, Race, Socioeconomic Status, Region
- Math, Science, Reading, Writing
X
- Music, Art, Literature, Citizenship
X
B.4.2 Attainment
- High School Graduation Rate
X
- The High School Educated Population by Race and Sex
X
- College Educated Population by Race and Sex
X
B.4.3 School Enrollment
- Primary and Secondary School
X
- Preprimary by Age, Race, Income
X
- Modal Age Enrollment by Sex, Race
X
- High School Students Expecting to go to College
X
- College Entrance Rates by Sex, Race, Socioeconomic Status
X
- College Enrollment
X
- Participation in Adult Education
X
B.4.4 Educational Facilities and Personnel
- Schools, Classrooms
X
- Teachers, Administrative, Others
X
B.4.5 Costs and Expenditures
- Expected Student Expenses, Higher Education
X
- Expenditures by Level of Government
X
Part 5-Work
B.5.1 Labor Force, Employment and Unemployment
- Labor Force Participation, Selected Characteristics
X
- Part-time, Part-year Workers, Selected Characteristics
X
- Employment by Occupation, Selected Characteristics
X
- Unemployment, Selected Characteristics
X
X
- Discouraged Workers
X
- Labor Union Membership
X
B.5.2 Earnings
- Median Earnings, Selected Characteristics
X
Week of September 22, 1975
TABLE OF CONTENTS-Continued
SERIES
WEEKLY
MONTHLY
QUARTERLY
ANNUAL
OTHER
SECTION B-General Social Indicators (Continued)
B.5.3 Working Conditions
- Regular and Overtime Hours, Selected Characteristics
X
- Work Injuries by Occupation
X
- Time, Distance, and Mode Transportation to Work
X
B.5.4 Benefits
- Vacations, Holidays
X
- Benefit Plans
X
B.5.5 Retirement
- Persons Retiring From Work
X
- Work-Life Expectancy
X
- Retirement Benefits
X
Part 6-Income, Consumption, and Wealth
B.6.1 Income Levels
- Median Family Income
X
- Composition of Family Income
X
- Per Capita Income
X
B.6.2 Distribution of Income
- Age, Race, and Sex
X
- Regional Differences
X
B.6.3 Poverty
X
B.6.4 Consumption
- Personal Consumption Expenditures
X
- Consumption of Durable Goods
X
B.6.5 Wealth
- Net Worth of Consumer Units
X
- Composition of Wealth
X
B.6.6 Consumer Borrowing and Debt
- Amount of Debt Outstanding
X
- Debt/Income Ratio
X
B.6.7 Consumer Attitudes
X
Part 7-Housing
B.7.1 Housing Conditions
- Average Size of Households
X
- Households Lacking Selected Facilities, by Size, Race, Tenure,
and Location
X
- Average Persons Per Room
X
Week of September 22, 1975
TABLE OF CONTENTS-Continued
SERIES
WEEKLY
MONTHLY
QUARTERLY
ANNUAL
OTHER
SECTION B-Socioeconomic Series (Continued)
B.7.2 Home Tenure
- Single Family Dwellings
X
- Mobile Homes
X
- Condominiums and Other Multi-Unit Structures
X
- Vacation Homes
B.7.3 Cost and Expenditures
- Average Mortgage Payments
- Upkeep and Maintenance
X X X
- Average Rental Payments
B.7.4 Attitudes Towards Housing and the Community
X
Part 8-Leisure and Recreation
B.8.1 Use of Leisure Time
X
B.8.2 Recreation
- Outdoor (Social, Active Sports, etc)
X
- Indoor (Television, Visiting, Other)
X
X
Part 9-Public Safety
B.9.1 Crimes Known to Police
- Violent
X
X
- Property
X
X
B.9.2 Victims of Crime, Selected Characteristics
- Violent
X
- Property
X
B.9.3 Fear of Crime, Selected Characteristics
X
B.9.4 Police Activity
- Persons Arrested by Charge
X
- Offenses Cleared
X
B.9.5 Judicial Activity
- Persons Sentenced for Federal Crimes
X
B.9.6 Prisoners, Adults and Juveniles
- Prisoners by Sentence
X
- Average Length of Sentence
X
- Persons Executed and Sentenced to Death
X
- Average Prison Population
X
B.9.7 Expenditures for Administration of Criminal Justice
X
Week of September 22, 1975
TABLE OF CONTENTS-Continued
SERIES
WEEKLY
MONTHLY
QUARTERLY
ANNUAL
OTHER
SECTION C-Government Activity
Part 1-Social Welfare and Security
C.1.1 Social Security (OASDHI)
- Current Beneficiaries
X
- New Beneficiaries
X
- Average Payment
X
C.1.2 Old Age Assistance
- Benefits Paid
X
- Recipients
X
C.1.3 Aid to the Disabled
- Blind
X
- Deaf
X
- Other
X
C.1.4 Aid to Families With Dependent Children
- Recipients
X
- Benefits
X
C.1.5 Unemployment Insurance Coverage
- Benefits Paid
X
- Recipients
X
C.1.6 Housing Assistance
- Recipients
X
- Benefits
X
C.1.7 Food Stamps
- Recipients
X
- Benefits
X
C.1.8 Aid to Disaster Victims
- Recipients
X
- Benefits
X
C.1.9 Veterans Benefits
- Recipients
X
- Benefits
X
Part 2-Equal Opportunity
C.2.1 Equal Employment Opportunity
- Minority Employment
X
- Earnings, Promotions, etc.
X
C.2.2 School Desegregation
- Students Attending Predominantly Minority Schools
X
- Public/Private Enrollment, and Control
X
Week of September 22, 1975
TABLE OF CONTENTS-Continued
SERIES
WEEKLY
MONTHLY
QUARTERLY
ANNUAL
OTHER
SECTION C-Government Activity (Continued)
Part 3-Government Operation
C.3.1 Federal Employment
- Employees
X
- Payroll
X
C.3.2 State and Local Employment and Finances
- Employees
X
- Payroll
X
SECTION D-Environment, Science, Culture
Part 1-Environment
D.1.1 Air Quality
- Amount of Pollutants Released Into the Atmosphere
X
- Ambient Air Quality-National, Major Cities
X
- Perceived Quality
X
D.1.2 Water Quality
- Miles of Streams Meeting EPA Standards
X
- Oil Spills, Fish Kills
X
D.1.3 Hazardous Substances
- Estimated Amounts Produced
X
- Concentration in Biosphere
X
D.1.4 Ecological Balances
- Endangered Species (Plant and Animal)
X
- Critical Areas (Coastal Zones)
X
- Land/People Density
X
Part 2-Science
D.2.1 Professionals in Scientific Fields
- By Specialty
X
- Person Years of Scientists, Engineers Engaged in R&D
X
D.2.2 Expenditures for Research and Development
- Private Industry
X
- Government
X
D.2.3 Science Achievement in Schools
- Secondary Schools
X
- Higher Education
X
Week of September 22, 1975
TABLE OF CONTENTS-Continued
SERIES
WEEKLY
MONTHLY
QUARTERLY
ANNUAL
OTHER
SECTION D-Environment, Science, Culture
D.2.4 Public Attitudes Towards Science and Technology
X
Part 3-Culture
D.3.1 Persons Employed in Artistic Professions
- By Type
X
D.3.2 Children's Skill and Appreciation of Literature Arts, Music
X
D.3.3 Participation in Cultural Activities
- Voluntary Organizations
X
- Travel
X
- Hobbies, Sports, Music, etc.
X
D.3.4 Attendance at Cultural Events
- Plays, Galleries, Motion Pictures
X
- Concerts, Museums, etc.
X
SECTION E-Selected Subjects
FORD
(all
A.1.2 - Personal Income
THIS
CHANGE
CHANGE
PERIOD
LAST PER.
YEAR AGO
TOTAL PERSONAL INCOME
$1,256.9
1.5%
7.7%
PRIVATE WAGES & SALARIES
$620.0
1.8%
3.0%
GOVERNMENT WAGES & SALARIES
$173.8
0.5%
9.0%
BILLIONS
TRANSFER PAYMENTS
$178.3
1.1%
24.2%
BILLIONS
OF DOLLARS
OF DOLLARS
1300
1300
1200
1200
1100
1100
1000
1000
900
900
800
800
700
700
600
600
500
500
400
400
300
300
200
200
100
100
ORD
0
0
1971
1972
1973
1974
1975
GER
LIBRARY
SOURCE: BUREAU OF ECONOMIC ANALYSIS
22 SEPTEMBER 1975
A.1.2 - Wage and Salary Disbursements
Selected Components
THIS
CHANGE
CHANGE
PERIOD
LAST PER.
YEAR AGO
MANUFACTURING
$213.8
2.6%
-0.8%
DISTRIBUTIVE INDUSTRIES
$190.5
1.4%
5.4%
BILLIONS
SERVICE INDUSTRIES
$157.0
1.3%
8.4%
BILLIONS
OF DOLLARS
OF DOLLARS
225
225
200
200
175
175
150
150
125
125
100
100
1971
1972
1973
1974
1975
SOURCE: BUREAU OF ECONOMIC ANALYSIS
22 SEPTEMBER 1975
Personal Income advanced 1.5 percent to an annual rate of $1,256 billion in August.
A major factor was the record expansion in Manufacturing Payrolls.
Private Payrolls rose $10.8 billion, the largest dollar increase since 1946.
The 1.8 percent increase from July was the largest monthly advance since
December 1959.
The Record increase in Manufacturing Payrolls was accompanied by larger
than normal gains in the Distributive and Service Industries.
Government Payrolls rose $800 million, up 0.5 percent.
FORD & GERALD LIBRARY
Transfer Payments increased $2.0 billion or 1.1 percent.
A.1.3-CORPORATE PROFITS
REVISED
THIS
CHANGE
CHANGE
PERIOD
LAST PER.
YEAR AGO
BOOK PROFITS BEFORE TAX
$113.3
12.0%
-18.5%
AFTER INVENTORY VALUATION
$104.9
11.2%
-0.7%
ADJUSTMENT
BILLIONS
PROFITS AFTER TAX
$70.3
12.8%
-15.4%
BILLIONS
OF DOLLARS
OF DOLLARS
160
160
150
150
140
140
130
130
120
120
INVENTORY PROFITS
110
110
100
100
90
90
80
80
70
70
60
60
50
50
40
1971
1972
1973
1974
1975
GERAL FORD 40 LIBRABY
SOURCE: BUREAU OF ECONOMIC ANALYSIS
22 SEPTEMBER 1975
A.1.3 - Components of Corporate Profits
THIS
CHANGE
CHANGE
PERIOD
LAST PER.
YEAR AGO
TAX LIABILITY
$43.0
10.3%
-23.1%
DIVIDENDS
$34.0
0.6%
4.6%
BILLIONS
UNDISTRIBUTED PROFITS
$36.3
27.4%
-28.1%
BILLIONS
OF DOLLARS
OF DOLLARS
65
65
55
55
45
45
35
35
25
25
15
15
1971
1972
1973
1974
1975
SOURCE: BUREAU OF ECONOMIC ANALYSIS
22 SEPTEMBER 1975
Corporate Profits Before Tax (revised second quarter data) rose $12.1 billion to an
annual rate of $113.3 billion.
The bulk of this advance reflected increased Profits from Current Production (After
Inventory Valuation Adjustment), which rose $10.6 billion to $104.9 billion.
Each of the revised profits estimates are $4.4 billion above the preliminary
figures issued last month.
FORD & GERALD LIBRARY
Dividend Payments edged up slightly as the major share of the After Tax profits
increase was retained as Undistributed Profits.
A.1.3 - Corporate Profits
Before Tax and Including Inventory Valuation Adjustment
Manufacturing Industries
THIS
CHANGE
CHANGE
PERIOD
LAST PER.
YEAR AGO
ALL MANUFACTURING
$48.3
17.5%
3.2%
NONDURABLE GOODS
$30.4
11.4%
2.4%
BILLIONS
DURABLE GOODS
$18.0
30.4%
5.3%
BILLIONS
OF DOLLARS
OF DOLLARS
50
50
45
45
40
40
35
35
30
30
25
25
20
20
15
15
R
FORD
10
GERALD
10
1971
1972
1973
1974
1975
GER
LIBRANI
SOURCE: BUREAU OF ECONOMIC ANALYSIS
22 SEPTEMBER 1975
Most of the increase in Profits from Current Production occurred in Manufacturing.
Up 17.5 percent to an annual rate of $48.3 billion.
Profits of Durable Goods Industries rose 30.4 percent, accounting for nearly 60
percent of the total increase.
Profits of Nondurable Goods Industries rose 11.4 percent.
FORD i GERALD LIBRARY
A.3.4 - Gross Average Weekly Earnings
THIS
CHANGE
CHANGE
PERIOD
LAST PER.
YEAR AGO
CURRENT DOLLARS
$165.5
1.2%
5.6%
DOLLARS
1967 DOLLARS
$101.8
1.1%
-2,7%
DOLLARS
PER WEEK
PER WEEK
170
170
160
160
150
150
140
140
130
130
120
120
110
110
100
100
90
RAID FORD 90 LIBRARY
1971
1972
1973
1974
1975
SOURCE: BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS
22 SEPTEMBER 1975
A.3.4 - Spendable Average Weekly Earnings
THIS
CHANGE
CHANGE
PERIOD
LAST PER.
YEAR AGO
CURRENT DOLLARS
$149.4
1.1%
9.8%
DOLLARS
1967 DOLLARS
$91.9
0.9%
1.1%
DOLLARS
PER WEEK
PER WEEK
160
160
150
150
140
140
130
130
120
120
110
110
100
100
90
90
80
80
1971
1972
1973
1974
1975
SOURCE: BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS
22 SEPTEMBER 1975
Real Gross Weekly. Earnings (in 1967 dollars and adjusted for seasonal change)
increased 1.1 percent from July to August.
Increase is a result of 0.7 percent increase in average hourly earnings and a
0.6 percent rise in average weekly hours which overcame a 0.2 percent rise in
the Consumer Price Index.
Real Spendable Earnings increased 0.9 percent from July to August.
FORD i GERALD LIBRANY
Over the past year, Real Spendable Earnings were up 1.1 percent.
First time since February 1973, that real spendable earnings have increased
over the year.
A.4.1 - Industrial Production Index
(1967=100)
THIS
CHANGE
CHANGE
PERIOD
LAST PER.
YEAR AGO
MATERIALS
108.6
1.9%
-15.5%
TOTAL
112.9
1.3%
-9.8%
PRODUCTS
115.5
1.0%
-6.5%
INDEX
INDEX
135
135
130
130
125
125
120
120
115
115
110
110
105
105
100
FORD 074439 THE LIBRARY 100 39
1971
1972
1973
1974
1975
SOURCE: BOARD OF GOVERNORS OF THE FEDERAL RESERVE SYSTEM
22 SEPTEMBER 1975
Total Industrial Production grew 1.3 percent, the fastest one-month climb in almost
three years.
Fourth consecutive increase.
Output advances were widespread among Products and Materials.
Since the low point recorded in March, Products are up 2.8 percent.
Materials, which reached a low of 104.9 in May, have since advanced a total
of 3.5 percent.
FORD i LIBRARY GERALD
A.4.1 - Industrial Production Index
Components of Products
(1967=100)
THIS
CHANGE
CHANGE
PERIOD
LAST PER.
YEAR AGO
CONSUMER GOODS
125.6
1.0%
-3.2%
FINAL PRODUCTS
116.0
1.0%
-5.0%
EQUIPMENT
102.9
1.1%
-7.6%
INDEX
INDEX
140
140
130
130
120
120
110
110
100
100
90
90
80
80
1971
1972
1973
1974
1975
Components of Consumer Goods
THIS
CHANGE
CHANGE
PERIOD
LAST PER.
YEAR AGO
CONSUMER DURABLES
117.3
2.2%
-11.0%
HOME GOODS
123.7
3.3%
-12.4%
INDEX
INDEX
155
155
145
145
135
135
125
125
115
GERAL 115 105 FORD LIBRARY
105
95
95
1971
1972
1973
1974
1975
SOURCE: BOARD OF GOVERNORS OF THE FEDERAL RESERVE SYSTEM
22 SEPTEMBER 1975
A.4.1 - Industrial Production Index
Components of Equipment
(1967=100)
THIS
CHANGE
CHANGE
PERIOD
LAST PER.
YEAR AGO
COMMERCIAL, TRANSIT, AND
117.2
1.8%
-8.2%
FARM EQUIPMENT
BUSINESS EQUIPMENT
115,6
1.8%
-10.2%
INDUSTRIAL EQUIPMENT
114.4
1.9%
-11.7%
INDEX
INDEX
145
145
135
135
125
125
115
115
105
105
95
95
85
85
1971
1972
1973
1974
1975
SOURCE: BOARD OF GOVERNORS OF THE FEDERAL RESERVE SYSTEM
22 SEPTEMBER 1975
Final Products were up 1.0 percent with both Consumer Goods and Equipment
sharing in the advance.
Output of Consumer Goods rose 1.0 percent to a level of 125.6, 6.3 percent above
its March low.
Home Goods, such as carpeting, furniture, and appliances, led the advance,
rising 3.3 percent.
Production of Business Equipment expanded 1.8 percent, the first upswing in eleven
FORD & GERALD LIBRARY
months.
All major categories shared in the increase.
A.4.1 - Industrial Production Index
Components of Materials
(1967=100)
THIS
CHANGE
CHANGE
PERIOD
LAST PER.
YEAR AGO
FUEL&POWER, INDUSTRIAL
116.9
-3.8%
-5.3%
NONDURABLE MATERIALS
115.2
1.8%
-11.7%
DURABLE MATERIALS
103.0
3.0%
-19.6%
INDEX
INDEX
150
150
140
140
130
130
120
120
110
110
100
100
90
90
1971
1972
1973
1974
1975
Components of Durable Materials
THIS
CHANGE
CHANGE
PERIOD
LAST PER.
YEAR AGO
IRON AND STEEL
87.0
0.5%
-27.2%
CONSUMER DURABLE PARTS
95.7
3.2%
-18.6%
EQUIPMENT PARTS
100.7
2.9%
-20.0%
INDEX
INDEX
135
135
125
125
115
115
105
105
95
JERAMO 95 85 FORD LIBRANA
85
75
75
65
65
1971
1972
1973
1974
1975
SQURCE: BOARD OF GOVERNORS
PF
1083
RESERVE SYSTEM
A.4.1 - Industrial Production Index
Components of Nondurable Materials
(1967=100)
THIS
CHANGE
CHANGE
PERIOD
LAST PER.
YEAR AGO
TEXTILES, PAPER, CHEMICALS
121.7
2.7%
-15.0%
INDEX
INDEX
150
150
145
145
140
140
135
135
130
130
125
125
120
120
115
115
110
110
105
105
1971
1972
1973
1974
1975
SOURCE: BOARD OF GOVERNORS OF THE FEDERAL RESERVE SYSTEM
22 SEPTEMBER 1975
The August increase in Materials reflected gains in both Durables and Nondurables.
Industrial Fuel and Power was the only major category to decline, as strikes
in the Coal Industry cut into production.
Equipment Parts and Other Durable Materials (including Iron and Steel) experienced
upturns after long periods of decline.
Consumer Durable Parts moved up a strong 3.2 percent for a total gain of
16.6 percent since February.
FORD & GERALD LIBRARY
Nondurable Materials, heavily influenced by Textiles, Paper, and Chemicals, gained
another 1.8 percent.
Since March, Textiles, Paper, and Chemicals have advanced 14.6 percent.
A.4.8 - Manufacturing and Trade Sales
THIS
CHANGE
CHANGE
PERIOD
LAST PER.
YEAR AGO
TOTAL SALES
$169.4
2.2%
0.5%
NONDURABLE GOODS
$97.2
2.3%
5.3%
BILLIONS
DURABLE GOODS
$72.2
2.2%
-5.7%
BILLIONS
OF DOLLARS
OF DOLLARS
180
180
160
160
140
140
120
120
100
100
80
80
60
60
40
40
1971
1972
1973
1974
1975
Manufacturing and Trade Inventories
THIS
CHANGE
CHANGE
PERIOD
LAST PER.
YEAR AGO
TOTAL INVENTORIES
$263.9
-0.2%
6.1%
DURABLE GOODS
$157.5
-0.5%
9.3%
BILLIONS
NONDURABLE GOODS
$106,4
0.3%
1.7%
BILLIONS
OF DOLLARS
OF DOLLARS
300
300
250
250
200
200
150
150
100
100
OH
ERALD
LIBRAR
50
50
1971
1972
1973
1974
1975
SOURCE: BUREAU OF ECONOMIC ANAI YSTS
A.4.8 - Inventory-To-Sales Ratio
THIS
CHANGE
CHANGE
PERIOD
LAST PER.
YEAR AGO
DURABLE GOODS
2.18
-2.7%
15.3%
NONDURABLE GOODS
1.09
-2.7%
-3.5%
RATIO
RATIO
2.50
2.50
2.25
2.25
2.00
2.00
1.75
1.75
1.50
1.50
1.25
1.25
1.00
1.00
1971
1972
1973
1974
1975
SOURCE: BUREAU OF ECONOMIC ANALYSIS
22 SEPTEMBER 1975
Manufacturing and Trade Sales rose 2.2 percent in July, up 6.8 percent since the
March turnaround.
Nondurable Goods rose 2.3 percent.
Durable Goods increased 2.2 percent, increasing for the fourth straight
month.
The decline in Manufacturing and Trade Inventories leveled off somewhat in July,
decreasing only 0.2 percent.
Inventory liquidation in Durable Goods continued for the sixth consecutive
month, dropping 0.5 percent.
Inventories of Nondurable Goods continued the upturn began last month,
adding 0.3 percent.
FORD & ERALD LIBRARY
With the pickup in Sales and the recent Inventory declines, the Inventory to Sales
ratios have substantially decreased from their previous peaks.
A.5.3 - Balance of Payments
Balance on Current Account and Long Term Capital
Billions of Dollars
2
2
1
1
0
0
-1
-1
9
2
-2
-3
9
3
T
4
1
4
p
p
5
90
6
-8
-7
-7
1971
1972
1973
1974
1975
Source: Bureau of Economic Analysis
22 September 1975
FORD & LIBRARY GERALD
A.5.3 - Balance of Payments
Balance on Current Account
Billions of Dollars
5
5
4
&
3
3
2
2
1
1
0
0
-1
-1
-2
&
2
-3
-3
1971
1972
1973
1974
1975
Source: Bureau of Economic Analysis
22 September 1975
The U.S. Balance of Payments on Current Account and Long Term Capital improved
substantially in the second quarter, due largely to a record merchandise trade sur-
plus.
A surplus of $1.61 billion was recorded compared to a $673 million deficit
in the first quarter.
Largest surplus since $1.70 billion in first quarter of 1974.
The Current Account component registered a surplus of $4.06 billion.
Double the first quarter surplus.
Largest quarterly gain since records were begun in 1960.
GERALD ? FORD
A.5.3 - Merchandise Trade Balance
Billions of Dollars
35
35
3
3
25
25
2
2
15
15
1
1
05
05
0
0
-05
05
-1
-1
-15
15
-2
2
-25
25
1971
1972
1973
1974
1975
Source: Bureau of Economic Analysis
22 September 1975
LIBRARY GERALD ? FORD
A.5.3 - Balance of Payments
Selected Components
THIS
CHANGE
CHANGE
PERIOD
LAST PER.
YEAR AGO
NET INVESTMENT INCOME
$1.63
$.453
-$.335
NET LONG-TERM PRIVATE
-$2.09
$.117
-$1.086
BILLIONS
CAPITAL FLOWS
BILLIONS
OF DOLLARS
OF DOLLARS
4
4
2
2
0
0
-2
-2
-4
-4
-6
-6
1971
1972
1973
1974
1975
SOURCE: BUREAU OF ECONOMIC ANALYSIS
22 SEPTEMBER 1975
The Merchandise Trade Balance registered a record $3.35 billion surplus in the
second quarter.
Up $1.52 billion since first quarter 1975.
Net Investment Income up $453 million since first quarter 1975.
Net Long-Term Private Capital Flows registered a $2.09 billion deficit in the second
quarter, a decrease of $117 million from the first quarter's deficit of $2.20 billion.
Smallest deficit since second quarter 1974.
FORD & GERALD LIBRARY
A.6.1 - Consumer Price Index
(1967=100)
THIS
CHANGE
CHANGE
PERIOD
LAST PER.
YEAR AGO
ALL SERVICES
167.4
0.5%
8.6%
ALL ITEMS
162.8
0.2%
8.6%
ALL COMMODITIES
160.2
0.2%
8.6%
INDEX
INDEX
170
170
165
165
160
160
155
155
150
150
145
145
140
140
135
135
130
130
125
125
120
120
115
115
110
110
1971
1972
1973
1974
1975
SOURCE: BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS
22 SEPTEMBER 1975
LIBRARY GERALD R. FORD
The Consumer Price Index for All Items increased by 0.2 percent in August, or 2.4
percent at annual rates, a considerably slower pace than July's 1.2 percent climb.
Smallest monthly increase since August 1972.
A sudden halting of the recent food-price spiral and a slowing in price
increases for fuels and other non-food items produced the slowdown.
The All Commodities index increased 0.2 percent, well below the 1.5 percent surge
registered in July.
The Services index showed the same rate of increase as in July, 0.5 percent.
FORD & GERALD LIBRANK
A.6.1 - Consumer Price Index
Food and Selected Components
THIS
CHANGE
CHANGE
PERIOD
LAST PER.
YEAR AGO
FOOD
177.4
0.0%
9.4%
MEATS, POULTRY, AND FISH
188.4
1.5%
17.0%
FRUITS AND VEGETABLES
173.4
-2.9%
5.8%
INDEX
INDEX
195
195
185
185
175
175
165
165
155
155
145
145
135
135
125
125
115
115
105
105
1971
1972
1973
1974
1975
Transportation and Selected Components
THIS
CHANGE
CHANGE
PERIOD
LAST PER.
YEAR AGO
TRANSPORTATION
153.0
1.0%
8.7%
GASOLINE & MOTOR OIL
176.5
1.1%
7.4%
USED CARS
156.1
1.9%
18.3%
INDEX
INDEX
180
180
165
165
150
150
135
135
120
120
105
105
90
90
1971
1972
1973
1974
1975
SOURCE: BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS
22 SEPTEMBER 1975
FORD & LIBRARY
A.6.1 - Consumer Price Index
Apparel and Upkeep
THIS
CHANGE
CHANGE
PERIOD
LAST PER.
YEAR AGO
WOMEN'S AND GIRL'S APPAREL
141.1
1.8%
1.5%
APPAREL AND UPKEEP
143.7
1.0%
3.0%
INDEX
INDEX
150
150
145
145
140
140
135
135
130
130
125
125
120
120
115
115
110
110
1971
1972
1973
1974
1975
SOURCE: BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS
22 SEPTEMBER 1975
The Food index was unchanged in August after registering large increases in June and
July.
Prices for Fruits and Vegetables declined 2.9 percent after two successive
months of sharp advances.
Meats, Poultry and Fish increased by 1.5 percent, considerably slower than
July's 3.5 percent spurt.
The cost of Transportation continued to rise in August, although at a slower pace.
The price of Gasoline and Motor Oil, which climbed 3.3 percent in July, rose
1.1 percent in August.
Used Cars rose 1.9 percent, less than half the increase registered in July.
The cost of Apparel and Upkeep accelerated in August.
Higher prices for apparel accounted for about two-thirds of the overall rise
in non-food items.
LIBRARY GERALD R. FORD
With the introduction of new fall styles, Women's and Girl's Apparel jumped
1.8 percent.
A.6.1 - Consumer Price Index
Housing Components
THIS
CHANGE
CHANGE
PERIOD
LAST PER.
YEAR AGO
FUEL OIL & COAL
237.1
0.3%
6.7%
RENT
138.0
0.5%
5.2%
GAS & ELECTRICITY
172.1
0.6%
15.3%
INDEX
INDEX
250
250
225
225
200
200
175
175
150
150
125
125
100
100
1971
1972
1973
1974
1975
Health and Recreation
THIS
CHANGE
CHANGE
PERIOD
LAST PER.
YEAR AGO
MEDICAL CARE
170.6
0.6%
11.0%
HEALTH & RECREATION
154.4
0.4%
8.4%
INDEX
INDEX
180
180
170
170
160
160
150
150
140
140
130
130
120
120
110
110
RD
1971
1972
1973
1974
1975
GERALD
SOURCE: BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS
LIBRARY
22 SEPTEMBER 1975
The August increase in Rent was slightly larger than in recent months, 0.5 percent
compared to an average monthly increase of 0.4 percent in the first seven months of
this year.
Price increases for Fuel Oil and Coal slowed significantly, up 0.3 percent.
Gas and Electricity were up 0.6 percent compared to 0.9 percent in July
and 1.9 percent in June.
The cost of Health and Recreation and Medical Care rose more slowly than in July.
LIBRARY GERALD R. FORD
A.7.1 - Privately-Owned Housing Units Started
Annual Rates
THIS
CHANGE
CHANGE
PERIOD
LAST PER.
YEAR AGO
TOTAL UNITS STARTED
1,260
1.7%
9.0%
1 UNIT STRUCTURES
977
4.8%
18.3%
THOUSANDS
5 OR MORE UNITS
221
-1.8%
-19.6%
THOUSANDS
OF UNITS
OF UNITS
2750
2750
2500
2500
2250
2250
2000
2000
1750
1750
1500
1500
1250
1250
1000
1000
750
750
500
500
250
250
0
0
1971
1972
1973
1974
1975
SOURCE: BUREAU OF THE CENSUS
22 SEPTEMBER 1975
FORD & GERALD LIBRART
A.7.1 - Privately-Owned Housing Units Started
By Region
THIS
CHANGE
CHANGE
PERIOD
LAST PER.
YEAR AGO
SOUTH
477
10.9%
7.2%
THOUSANDS
NORTHEAST
144
-19,1%
-8,3%
THOUSANDS
OF UNITS
OF UNITS
1200
1200
1000
1000
800
800
600
600
400
400
200
200
0
0
1971
1972
1973
1974
1975
SOURCE: BUREAU OF THE CENSUS
22 SEPTEMBER 1975
Work was begun on New Housing at a rate of 1,260,000 units in August.
Second rise in a row and at highest level since July of last year.
Starts of Single-Family Houses accounted for all of the slight gain in the August pace
of Housing Starts.
Up 4.8 percent.
Apartment Construction slipped 1.8 percent, after increasing 47.1 percent in July.
Regionally, the major changes were recorded in the South and the Northeast.
The South, up 10.9 percent, was at the highest level since July 1974.
The Northeast lost 19.1 percent, almost all of the gain reported in July.
FORD & GERALD LIBRARY
A.7.1 - Building Permits Issued for Privately-Owned Housing Units
In 14,000 Permit-Issuing Places
Annual Rates
THIS
CHANGE
CHANGE
PERIOD
LAST PER.
YEAR AGO
TOTAL UNITS AUTHORIZED
985
-5.5%
6.1%
1 UNIT STRUCTURES
715
0.6%
14.2%
THOUSANDS
5 OR MORE UNITS
219
-16.4%
-12.1%
THOUSANDS
OF UNITS
OF UNITS
2500
2500
2250
2250
2000
2000
1750
1750
1500
1500
1250
1250
1000
1000
750
750
500
500
250
250
0
0
1971
1972
1973
1974
1975
SOURCE: BUREAU OF THE CENSUS
22 SEPTEMBER 1975
LIBRARY GERALD R. FORD
A.7.1 - Building Permits Issued
By Region
THIS
CHANGE
CHANGE
PERIOD
LAST PER.
YEAR AGO
SOUTH
302
-4.7%
-5.6%
THOUSANDS
NORTH CENTRAL
221
-21.6%
-2.6%
THOUSANDS
OF UNITS
OF UNITS
1100
1100
900
900
700
700
500
500
300
300
100
100
1971
1972
1973
1974
1975
SOURCE: BUREAU OF THE CENSUS
22 SEPTEMBER 1975
Building Permits were issued at an annual rate of 985,000 units in August, down 5.5
percent.
First decline in five months, after a more than 50 percent increase since
March.
Permits for One-Unit Structures were virtually unchanged.
Permits for Structures With 5 or More Units fell 16.4 percent, the largest decrease
since January.
All of the decline in the rate of new building permits came in the South and North
Central regions.
North Central down 21.6 percent.
VAIT GERALD ? FORD
South down 4.7 percent.
A.7.1 - New Housing Units Completed
Seasonally Adjusted at Annual Rates
THIS
CHANGE
CHANGE
PERIOD
LAST PER.
YEAR AGO
TOTAL
1,206
5.1%
-27.1%
ONE UNIT STRUCTURES
865
12.2%
-7.4%
STRUCTURES WITH 5
286
-12.3%
-54.0%
THOUSANDS
UNITS OR MORE
THOUSANDS
OF UNITS
OF UNITS
2250
2250
2000
2000
1750
1750
1500
1500
1250
1250
1000
1000
750
750
500
500
250
250
1971
1972
1973
1974
1975
SOURCE: BUREAU OF THE CENSUS
22 SEPTEMBER 1975
FORD is PERALD LIBRARY
A.7.1 - New Housing Units Under Construction
Not Seasonally Adjusted
End of Month
THIS
CHANGE
CHANGE
PERIOD
LAST PER.
YEAR AGO
TOTAL
1,092
1.5%
-27.1%
STRUCTURES WITH 5
479
-0.6%
-40.8%
UNITS OR MORE
THOUSANDS
ONE UNIT STRUCTURES
558
3.2%
-9.4%
THOUSANDS
OF UNITS
OF UNITS
1800
1800
1500
1500
1200
1200
900
900
600
600
300
300
1971
1972
1973
1974
1975
SOURCE: BUREAU OF THE CENSUS
22 SEPTEMBER 1975
Privately-Owned Housing Units were completed at an annual rate of 1,206,000
during July 1975.
Up 5.1 percent in July, compared to a 10.0 percent drop in June.
Single-Unit Completions accounted for the overall increase, up 12.2 percent.
Completions of Multi-Unit Structures continued to decline, down 12.3 percent.
Dropped 44.8 percent since March.
Housing Units Under Construction advanced 1.5 percent.
Single-Unit Structures rose 3.2 percent, the fifth consecutive increase.
FORD is GERALD LIBRARY
Multi-Unit Structures Under Construction dropped 0.6 percent, continuing
an almost uninterrupted 2 year slide.
A.7.1 - Sales of New One-Family Homes
Seasonally Adjusted
THIS
CHANGE
CHANGE
PERIOD
LAST PER.
YEAR AGO
HOMES SOLD
521
-7.8%
2.4%
(ANNUAL RATES)
HOMES FOR SALE
381
1.1%
-11.4%
THOUSANDS
(END OF MONTH)
THOUSANDS
OF UNITS
OF UNITS
900
900
800
800
700
700
600
600
500
500
400
400
300
300
200
200
1971
1972
1973
1974
1975
SOURCE: BUREAU OF THE CENSUS
22 SEPTEMBER 1975
FORD & 078839 LIBRARY
A.7.1 - Prices of New One-Family Homes
Not Seasonally Adjusted
THIS
CHANGE
CHANGE
PERIOD
LAST PER.
YEAR AGO
THOUSANDS
MEDIAN SALES PRICE
$39.2
2.9%
6.5%
THOUSANDS
OF DOLLARS
OF DOLLARS
45
45
40
40
35
35
30
30
25
25
20
20
1971
1972
1973
1974
1975
SOURCE: BUREAU OF THE CENSUS
22 SEPTEMBER 1975
Sales of New One-Family Houses were at an annual rate of 521,000 during July
1975, a 7.8 percent decline from June.
Second consecutive monthly decline after a five month upswing in the first
half of the year.
Down 12.1 percent since May.
The Inventory of Homes for Sale at the end of July rose 1.1 percent.
First increase since February.
817 GERALD ? FORD
The Median Sales Price rose 2.9 percent in July, after a 3.8 percent downturn in
June.
THE SOCIAL
AND ECONOMIC
STATUS OF THE
BLACK POPULATION
Prepared for the President
and the Vice President
SEPTEMBER 22, 1975
FORD & GERALD LIBRARY
COMPILED BY THE FEDERAL STATISTICAL SYSTEM
Coordinated by the Bureau of the Census
at the request of the Statistical Policy Division,
Office of Management and Budget
Vincent P. Barabba, Director
Joseph W. Duncan,
Bureau of the Census
Deputy Associate Director
for Statistical Policy
Office of Management and Budget
Week of September 22, 1975
SOURCES OF DATA
This report is compiled from "The Social and Economic Status of the Black Population in
the United States, 1974", Bureau of the Census, Special Studies, Series P-23, No. 54. Data
are from the following sources:
Population, Family Structure, Education, Occupation, Income,
Voter Participation
U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census, Current Population Survey, Series
P-20, P-23, P-25, P-60, 1970 Decennial Census
Employment
U.S. Department of Labor, Bureau of Labor Statistics, "Employment and Earnings"
Health
U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, National Center for Health Statistics,
Monthly Vital Statistics Reports, and 1973 Health Interview Survey
Housing
U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census, Current Housing Report, Series
H-150-73
Black Elected Officials
Joint Center for Political Studies, "National Roster of Black Elected Officials"
Crime
U.S. Department of Justice, Law Enforcement Assistance Administration, "National Crime
Survey"
TABLE OF CONTENTS
A.
Population
A.1 Percent Distribution of the Population by Region: 1974
A.2 Average Annual Net Migration of the Black Population: 1940 to 1974
A.3 Percent Distribution of the Population, by Metropolitan-Nonmetro-
politan Residence: 1974
B. Family Structure and Growth
B.1 Percent of Families Headed By A Woman: Selected Years
B.2 Own Children Living With Both Parents: 1970 and 1975
B.3 Own Children Living With Both Parents: 1974
B.4 Total Fertility Rates: 1960 to 1973
C. Education
C.1 Persons 20 to 24 Years Old Who Completed Four Years of High
School or More: Selected Years
C.2 Enrollment of Blacks in College: 1970 to 1974
C.3 Persons 18 to 24 Years Old Enrolled in College: 1970 and 1974
D. Labor Force
D.1 Unemployment Rates: 1960 to 1974
D.2 Employment in White Collar Occupations: Selected Years
E. Income
E.1 Median Income of Black Families: 1974
E.2 Ratio of Median Family Income of Blacks to Whites: 1967 to 1974
E.3 Persons Below the Low-Income Level: 1959 to 1974
E.4 Low-Income Blacks by Family Relationship: 1966 and 1974
TABLE OF CONTENTS-Continued
F.
Health
F.1 Life Expectancy at Birth: 1973
F.2 Death Rates for the Four Leading Causes Among Black and Other
Races: 1973
F.3 Infant Mortality Rates: 1960 and 1973
F.4 Percent of Persons Under 65 Years of Age With Hospital Insurance,
by Family Income: 1972
G. Housing
G.1 Percent Owner-Occupied Housing Units: 1973
G.2 Percent of Occupied Housing Units With 1.01 or More Persons Per
Room: 1973
H. Voter Participation
H.1 Percent Registration of the Black Population of Voting Age: 1966 to
1974
H.2 Black Elected Officials in the United States: 1969 to 1975
I. Crime
I.1
Victimization Rates: 1973
1.2 Personal Victimization Rates for Crimes of Violence: 1973
INTRODUCTION
This report presents an overview of the demographic, social, and
economic characteristics of the black population in the United
States.
The patterns of social and economic change which have emerged
for black Americans in the 1970's are varied.
Advances have been made in education, health, and in the election
to public office.
Progress in some other areas such as income and employment has
been impeded partly as a result of the interrelationships of a num-
ber of social and economic factors, such as changing family
composition and work experience. patterns of family members,
and more recently, as a result of inflation and economic recession.
The black resident population increased by 1.4 million persons, or at an average
annual rate of 1.6 percent, between April 1970 and April 1974.
This is lower than the 1.8 percent average rate of growth in the 1960's.
The most recent estimate of the black resident population was 24.4 million in April
1975.
Slightly more than one-half, 53 percent, of all blacks reside in the South.
About 40 percent reside in the North, and about 9 percent in the West.
FORD & GERALD LIBRARY
A.1 Percent Distribution of the
Population by Region: 1974
BLACK
WEST
9%
NORTH CENTRAL
20%
SOUTH
53%
18%
NORTHEAST
WHITE
SOUTH
WEST
18%
29%
28%
24%
NORTHEAST
NORTH CENTRAL
Annuall GERALD R. FORD
Source: Bureau of the Census
22 September 1975
After three decades of predominantly one-way migration - - out-migration from the
South to the North and West - a new pattern of black migration appears to be
emerging in the 1970's.
The South has been experiencing a decline in the volume of black out-migration and,
at the same time, an increase in black in-migration.
During the 1960's there was an average annual net black out-migration of
approximately 150,000 from the South.
During the 1970's there appears to be an average annual net in-migration of
10,000 blacks to the South.
LIBRARY GERALD R. FORD
A.2 Average Annual Net Migration
of the Black Population: 1940 to 1974
Thousands
of Persons
200
150
INMIGRATION TO THE SOUTH
100
50
(+10,000)
0
-50
OUTMIGRATION FROM THE SOUTH
-100
-150
(-150,000)
(-150,000)
(-160,000)
-200
1940 - 50
1950 - 60
1960 - 70
1970 - 24.
Source: Bureau of the Census
22 September 1975
FORD & GERALD LIBRARY
In 1974, most blacks, 58 percent, lived in central cities of metropolitan areas.
However, since 1970 the average annual rate of increase of the black
population in central cities has been 1.6 percent, lower than the 2.9 percent
annual rate observed in the 1960's.
In 1974, 17 percent of the black population lived in metropolitan rings.
Since 1970, the suburban black population has been increasing at a higher
annual rate (4.4 percent) than that for whites (1.8 percent). However, blacks
still make up only 5.1 percent of the suburban population.
FORD i GERALD LIBRARY
A.3 Percent Distribution of the Population
By Metropolitan - Nonmetropolitan
Residence: 1974
BLACK
INSIDE CENTRAL
CITIES
58%
24%
17%
NONMETROPOLITAN AREAS
METROPOLITAN RINGS
WHITE
INSIDE CENTRAL
CITIES
METROPOLITAN RINGS
26%
41%
33%
NONMETROPOLITAN
AREAS
FORD & ALIBRANE GERALD
Source: Bureau of the Census
22 September 1975
The proportion of black families headed by a woman (no spouse present) climbed
from 28 percent in 1970 to 35 percent in 1975.
White female heads as a percentage of all white families rose from 9 percent
in 1970 to about 11 percent in 1975.
FORD & LIBRARY GERALD
B.1 Percent of Families Headed
By a Woman: Selected Years
1965
1970
1975
Percent
50
45
40
35.5%
35
30
28:3%
25
23.7%
20
15
10.5%
10
90%
91%
5
0
Black
White
Source: Bureau of the Census
22 September 1975
FORD & LIBRA GERALD
B.2 Own Children Living With Both Parents:
1970 and 1974
4
1970
1975
Percent
100
91%
88%
80
64%
60
56%
40
20
0
Black Children
White Children
Source: Bureau of the Census
22 September 1975
FORD & LIBRARY
The proportion of own black children under 18 living in families with both a mother
and father present declined markedly between 1970 and 1974 - from 64 to 56
percent.
This parallels the rise in the number of black female heads of families.
A smaller decline was noted for the comparable group of white children -
from 91 to 88 percent.
FORD & LIBRA GERALD
B.3 Own Children Under 18
By Presence of Parents: 1974
(By 1973 Family Income)
Black Children
Percent Living With Both Parents
Percent Living With One Parent
Under
$4,000
$4,000
to $5,999
$6,000
to $7,999
$8,000
to $9,999
$10,000
to $14,999
$15,000
and Over
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
Percent
White Children
Under
$4,000
$4,000
to $5,999
$6,000
to $7,999
$8,000
to $9,999
$10,000
to $14,999
$15,000
and Over
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
Percent
Source: Bureau of the Census
JERALD FORD
22 September 1975
LIBRAR
For blacks, the proportion of children living with both parents varied widely with
the income status of the family.
Among families with incomes under $4,000 in 1973, less than one-fifth of all
black children were living with both parents.
However, nearly 9 out of ten black children in families with income levels of
$15,000 and over had both parents present.
FORD & 0ERALD LIBRA
B.4 Total Fertility Rates: 1960 to 1973
(Average Number of Births Per Woman in Her Lifetime)
THIS
CHANGE
CHANGE
PERIOD
LAST PER.
YEAR AGO
BLACK AND OTHER RACES
2.47
N/A
-6.8%
WHITE
1.80
N/A
-6.3%
RATE
RATE
5.0
5.0
4.5
4.5
4.0
4.0
3.5
3.5
3.0
3.0
2.5
2.5
2,0
2,0
1.5
1.5
1.0
1.0
1960 1961 1962 1963 1964 1965 1966 1967 1968 1969 1970 1971 1972 1973
SOURCE: BUREAU OF THE CENSUS
FORD & LIBRA GERALD
22 SEPTEMBER 1975
Fertility levels continued to fall in the 1970's.
Between 1970 and 1973, total fertility rates (the average number of births that each
woman would have in her lifetime) declined at about the same pace for black and
white women.
In 1973, the rate was 1.80 children per white woman, and 2.47 children per
woman for blacks and other races.
FORD & GERALD LIBRA,
C.1 Persons 20 to 24 Years Old Who
Completed Four Years of High School
or More: Selected Years
THIS
CHANGE
CHANGE
PERIOD
FROM 1970
YEAR AGO
WHITE FEMALES ---
85.0
2.4%
N/A
WHITE MALES
86.0
3.6%
N/A
BLACK FEMALES ---
75.0
11.9%
N/A
BLACK MALES
68.0
9.7%
N/A
PERCENT
PERCENT
100
100
90
90
80
80
70
70
60
60
50
50
40
40
30
30
&
OR
20
1960
1965
1970
1974
LUBRARY
20
GERAL
SOURCE: BUREAU OF THE CENSUS
22 SEPTEMBER 1975
The proportion of high school graduates rose faster for blacks than for whites
between 1970 and 1974. However, there was still a noticeable educational
difference.
Among young black men 68 percent were high school graduates in 1974
compared with 86 percent of white men.
Among young black women 75 percent were high school graduates
compared with 85 percent of white women.
Only 41 percent of all blacks 25 years old and over are high school graduates compared
with 72 percent of those 20 to 24 years old.
FORD & LIBRARY GERALD
C.2 Enrollment of Blacks in College:
1970 to 1974
Thousands
of Persons
1000
814
800
727
680
684
600
522
400
200
0
1970
1971
1972
1973
1974
C.3 Persons 18 to 24 Years Old
Enrolled in College: 1970 and 1974
Percent Enrolled in 1970
Percent
Percent Enrolled in 1974
40
34%
30
28%
20%
21%
22%
20
16%
15%
16%
10
0
Men
Women
Men
Women
Black
White
Source: Bureau of the Census
FORD & 07/199 LIBRAKI
22 September 1975
Between 1970 and 1974, the number of blacks enrolled in college grew from 522
thousand to 814 thousand, an increase of 56 percent.
The number of whites enrolled in college grew by only 15 percent.
However, within the last four years, college enrollment rates for young black men
have continued to climb, while those for black women appear to have leveled off.
In 1974 there was a higher proportion of young black men than women
enrolled in college-20 percent among black men compared with 16 percent
among black women.
FORD & 03RA70 LIBRA
D.1 Unemployment Rates: 1960 to 1974
THIS
CHANGE
CHANGE
PERIOD
LAST PER.
YEAR AGO
BLACK AND OTHER RACES
9,9
N/A
11.2%
WHITE
5.0
N/A
16.3%
PERCENT
PERCENT
15
15
12
12
9
9
6
6
3
3
0
0
1960 1961 1962 1963 1964 1965 1966 1967 1968 1969 1970 1971 1972 1973 1974
UNEMPLOYMENT RATES: RATIO
THIS
CHANGE
CHANGE
PERIOD
LAST PER.
YEAR AGO
RATIO OF BLACK AND
2.0
N/A
-4.8%
OTHER RACES TO WHITE
RATIO
RATIO
2.5
2.5
2.0
2,0
1.5
1.5
1.0
1.0
1960 1961 1962 1963 1964 1965 1966 1967 1968 1969 1970 1971 1972 1973 1974
SOURCE: BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS
22 SEPTEMBER 1975
FORD & CERTID LIBRAKI
As labor market conditions deteriorated, jobless rates surged during late 1974 and
early 1975.
Unemployment among blacks and other races jumped from a 1974 annual rate of
9.9 percent to a seasonally adjusted rate of 13.7 percent for the first quarter of
1975, and 14.3 percent in the second quarter.
Among whites, the rate increased from an annual rate of 5.0 percent in 1974 to a
seasonally adjusted rate of 7.5 percent in the first quarter of 1975, and 8.2 percent
in the second quarter.
During this steep climb, unemployment rates for blacks generally remained about
double those for whites.
FORD & LIBRA
D.2 Employment in White-Collar
Occupations: Selected Years
1964
1970
1974
MEN
16%
Black and
Other Races
22%
24%
41%
White
43%
42%
WOMEN
22%
Black and
Other Races
36%
42%
61%
White
64%
64%
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
Percent
Source: Bureau of Labor Statistics
22 September 1975
FORD & EERALD LIBRA,
During the past decade there has been a greater degree of occupational upgrading
among employed black and other races than among employed whites.
During the past decade, the proportion of men of black and other races employed in
white-collar jobs (a broad grouping which includes sales and clerical positions as well
as higher level professional and managerial jobs) rose from 16 to 24 percent while
the comparable percentages for whites remained just over 40 percent.
Among women of black and other races the percentage in white-collar jobs nearly
doubled during the decade from 22 percent to 42 percent, while the percentage for
white women remained a little over 60 percent.
The proportion of blacks employed as craft workers rose over the decade from 12 to
16 percent, while the proportion among whites remained at about 20 percent.
FORD i LIBRARY 01RALD
E.1 Median Income of Black Families
By Type of Family: 1974
Dollars
$14,000
$12,980
$12,000
$10,530
$10,000
$8,000
$7,810
$6,000
$4,470
$4,000
$2,000
0
All
Total
Wife in Paid
Female-Headed
Families
Labor Force
Families
Husband-Wife Families
Source: Bureau of the Census
22 September 1975
RALD ? FORD
E.2 Ratio of Median Family Income
of Blacks to Whites: 1967 to 1974
THIS
CHANGE
CHANGE
PERIOD
LAST PER.
YEAR AGO
HUSBAND-VIFE FAMILIES
0.75
N/A
2.7%
FEMALE-HEADED FAMILIES
0.61
N/A
-4.7%
ALL FAMILIES
0.58
N/A
0.0%
RATIO
RATIO
0.80
0.80
0.75
0.75
0.70
0.70
0.65
0.65
0.60
0.60
0.55
0.55
0.50
0.50
1967
1968
1969
1970
1971
1972
1973
1974
SOURCE: BUREAU OF THE CENSUS
22 SEPTEMBER 1975
Husband-wife families generally have median incomes which are higher than those of
other types of families, primarily because they are more likely to have two or more
earners.
In 1974, black husband-wife families with the wife in the paid labor force had a
median income of about $13,000 compared to median incomes of $7,810 for all
black families and about $4,500 for families headed by a woman.
Between 1970 and 1974 the proportion of black families with wives in the paid labor
force decreased from 36 to 33 percent. The proportion for their white counterparts
increased from 34 to 37 percent.
The median income ratio of black families to white families was 0.58 in 1974. It was
0.61 in 1970. During the mid and late 1960's. the ratio had risen.
One of the more important factors contributing to the decline in the median income
ratio since 1970 is the increase in the proportion of female-headed families.
GERALD FORD ПВВАН,
Since 1970, the number of low-income blacks has remained within a narrow range
compared to the downward trend observed during the 1960's.
In 1974, there were 7.5 million blacks and 16.3 million whites below the poverty, or
low-income, level.
This represents 31 percent of the black population, more than three times
the comparable proportion of 9 percent for the white population.
FORD & UNRALD LIBRARY
SPECIAL
E.3 Persons Below The Low-Income
Level: 1959 to 1974
THIS
CHANGE
CHANGE
PERIOD
LAST PER.
YEAR AGO
WHITE
16.3
N/A
7.6%
BLACK AND OTHER RACES
8.0
N/A
1.8%
MILLIONS
BLACK
7.5
N/A
1.0%
MILLIONS
OF PERSONS
OF PERSONS
30
30
25
25
20
20
15
15
10
10
5
5
1959 1960 1961 1962 1963 1964 1965 1966 1967 1968 1969 1970 1971 1972 1973 1974
PERCENT OF PERSONS
THIS
CHANGE
CHANGE
PERIOD
LAST PER.
YEAR AGO
BLACK
31.4
N/A
0.0%
BLACK AND OTHER RACES
29.5
N/A
-0.3%
WHITE
8.9
N/A
6.0%
PERCENT
PERCENT
60
60
50
50
40
40
30
30
20
20
10
10
0
0
1959 1960 1961 1962 1963 1964 1965 1966 1967 1968 1969 1970 1971 1972 1973 1974
SOURCE: BUREAU OF THE CENSUS
FORD & 03RALL LIBRARI
22 SEPTEMBER 1975
Between 1966 and 1974, black persons in families with a female head increased
markedly as a proportion of all low income black persons - - from 36 to 56 percent.
The opposite was true for persons in families with a male head.
The percentage dropped from 56 to 31 percent.
FORD is LIBR GERALD
E.4 Low-Income Blacks
By Family Relationship: 1966 and 1974
1966
UNRELATED INDIVIDUALS
9%
PERSONS IN FAMILIES WITH
A MALE HEAD
56%
36%
PERSONS IN FAMILIES WITH
A FEMALE HEAD
(8,867 THOUSAND PERSONS)
1974
PERSONS IN FAMILIES WITH
UNRELATED INDIVIDUALS
A MALE HEAD
13%
31%
56%
PERSONS IN FAMILIES WITH
A FEMALE HEAD
(7,467 THOUSAND PERSONS)
Source: Bureau of the Census
FORD & LIBRARY GERALD
22 September 1975
Among blacks, the average life expectancy at birth in 1973 was 61.9 years for males,
and 70.1 years for females.
Life expectancy for whites was higher among both sexes; 68.4 years and
76.1 years, respectively.
1817 BRALD R. FORD
F.1 Life Expectancy At Birth: 1973
Black and Other Races
White
Years
100
90
80
761
701
70
68.4
61.9
8
50
40
30
20
10
0
Male
Female
Source: National Center for Health Statistics
22 September 1975
RALOR RALD R. FORD LIB
F.2 Death Rates for the Four Leading Causes
Among Black and Other Races: 1973
Deaths per 100,000 population
Rate
600
555.7
Black and Other Races
500
White
465.1
425.4
400
361.7
300
200
189.6
170.1
153.0
117.9
98.5
100
75.9
65.8
33.6 32.7
8.3
14.6
2.8
0
Male
Female
Male
Female
Male
Female
Male
Female
Major Cardiovascular
Malignant
Accidents
Homicide
Diseases
Neoplasms
Source: National Center for Health Statistics
FORD R. LIBR
22 September 1975
F.3 Infant Mortality Rates: 1960 and 1973
(Infant Deaths Per 1,000 Live Births)
1960
1973
Rate
60
50
43.2
40
30
262
22.9
20
158
10
0
Black and Other Races
White
Source: National Center for Health Statistics
22 September 1975
In 1973 death rates for both sexes for major cardiovascular diseases and malignant
neoplasms were considerably lower among blacks and other races than among their
white counterparts.
However, rates among blacks and other races were higher than among whites for
two leading causes, accidents and homicide.
The infant mortality rates for both blacks and whites have declined significantly in
the 1960's and 1970's.
The decline among blacks has been particularly striking.
FORD & GERALD LIBRARY
In 1960, the infant mortality rate for blacks was 43.2 per 1,000 live births,
compared with 26.2 per 1,000 in 1973.
F.4 Percent of Persons Under 65 Years
of Age With Hospital Insurance Coverage: 1973
By Family Income
Black and Other Races
White
Percent
100
91%
90
85%
80%
80
70
60
57%
50
45%
40
31%
30
20
10
0
Total,
Under $5,000
$10,000 and Over
All Families
Family Income
Source: National Center for Health Statistics
22 September 1975
FORD & LIBRA CERALD
In 1972, blacks under 65 years of age were less likely to have hospital insurance
coverage than whites.
However, within each of the racial groups, hospital insurance coverage varied
substantially by income level.
Among the $10,000 and over income group, 85 percent of blacks had
hospital coverage, more than double the 31 percent for blacks with income
under $5,000.
FORD i LIBRA 67V83
G.1 Percent Owner-Occupied Housing Units: 1973
Percent of Black Units which are Owner-occupied
Percent of White Units which are Owner-occupied
36
Inside Central
Cities
52
56
Metropolitan
Rings
71
55
onmetropolitan
Areas
74
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
Percent
G.2 Occupied Housing Units With
1.01 or More Persons Per Room: 1973
Percent of Black-occupied Units which are Crowded
Percent White-occupied Units which are Crowded
11.5
wner-occupied
Units
4.2
14.4
Renter-occupied
Units
FORD & LIBRA
57
0
2
4
B
8
10
12
14
16
18
20
Percent
Source: Bureau of the Census
22 September 1975
Blacks are less likely to own their own homes than whites.
In 1973 about 43 percent of all black households lived in homes they owned
or were buying, compared to 67 percent of white households.
For both blacks and whites, home ownership rates were higher in nonmetropolitan
areas and suburbs (metropolitan rings) than inside central cities.
In 1973 the homeownership rate for blacks was very close to the 1970 level;
however, there was a slight increase among whites.
Blacks are more likely to live in "crowded" conditions than whites. The Department
of Housing and Urban Development considers a housing unit with a ratio of 1.01 or
more persons per room "crowded."
Among black households, about 12 percent of the owner-occupied house-
holds lived in units with 1.01 or more persons per room in 1973. This was
about three times the proportion among white owner-occupied units.
About 14 percent of black renter-occupied units were "crowded" compared
to almost 6 percent among whites.
GERALD 817 R. FORD
H.1 Percent Voter Registration of the Black
Population of Voting Age: 1966 to 1974
Registered and Did Not Vote
Registered and Voted
Percent
90
80
70
66%
65%
60%
61%
8
55%
50
40
30
20
10
0
1966
1968
1970
1972
1974
Election Years
Source: Bureau of the Census
22 September 1975
817 RALD R. FORD
Voter registration rates for blacks in 1974 were at the lowest level reported for any
of the last five general elections.
In 1974 about 55 percent of the black electorate was registered to vote.
About one-third of the black American electorate reported that they voted in the
congressional election of 1974.
This turnout was about 10 percentage points lower than the 1970
congressional election and 18 percentage points lower than the 1972
Presidential election.
However, similar declines were noted for whites. By 1974 voter participation
was at a low of 46 percent.
is
FORD
ERALD
H.2 Black Elected Officials
in the United States: 1969 to 1975
THIS
CHANGE
CHANGE
PERIOD
LAST PER.
YEAR AGO
BLACK ELECTED OFFICIALS
3,503
N/A
17.1%
IN THE UNITED STATES
THOUSANDS
THOUSANDS
4.0
4.0
3.5
3.5
3.0
3.0
2.5
2.5
2.0
2.0
1.5
1.5
1.0
1.0
0.5
0.5
0.0
0.0
1969
1970
1971
1972
1973
1974
1975
SOURCE: JOINT CENTER FOR POLITICAL STUDIES
22 SEPTEMBER 1975
RALD FORD LIBRA
More and more blacks are being elected to public office.
In 1975, 3,503 blacks were holding elective office, nearly triple the 1969 figure of
1,185.
BERALD R. FORD <
I.1 Crime Victimization Rates: 1973
(Rate Per 1,000 Persons 12 Years Old and Over)
Black
White
Rate
200
180
161
160
151
140
132
127
120
108
105
100
80
60
40
20
0
Total
Male
Female
Source: Law Enforcement Assistance Administration
22 September 1975
'RIT GERALD R. FORD
In 1973 the victimization rate for crimes of violence and common theft, including
attempts, was not significantly different for blacks and whites - 132 and 127 per
thousand persons 12 years old and over, respectively.
Victimization rates for blacks and whites were generally higher among the males,
and there is some evidence that the rate for black males was higher than that for
white males.
No difference exists between the rates for black and white females.
ERALD R. FORD
I.2 Personal Victimization Rates
For Crimes of Violence: 1973
(Rate Per 1,000 Persons 12 Years Old and Over)
Black
White
Rate
70
60
59
50
47
45
40
37
32
30
21
20
10
0
Total
Male
Female
Source: Law Enforcement Assistance Administration
22 September 1975
FORD i LIB SERVID
Blacks were much more likely than whites to have been the victims of violent crimes
- 47 per 1,000 population for blacks compared with 32 per 1,000 population for
whites.
SERALD R. FORD
SPECIAL