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OCR Page 1 of 153/14/54: Reel 1, Track 1 - Page 1
MR. ACHESON:
We are starting off with the subject of Korea, picking that up where
we left it a month ago. At that time, we had brought it up to April
with the recall of General MacArthur and the stabilization of the
military front in Korea. From April until June, when a new phase opened
with Mr. Malik's speech, the main other developments which took place
were very heavy fighting in what was called the "iron triangle" with
extremely heavy Chinese losses. The result of the fighting, as I think
perhaps we mentioned last month, was that in May the 38th parallel
was again crossed--not very far-and a front, a fairly stable front,
was established pretty generally north of the 38th parallel except in
the westem part--it di pped south of that because it left out the Inchon
peninsula. On the 18th of May the United Nations finally voted the
embargo against strategic imports from China; and somewhere along in
is
this period there were discussions between t he Department of State and
US GOVE
the Defense Department and the Commander-in-Chief in Korea about what
shoud be the course of the campaign. And my recollection is that for
military reasons, and sound military reasons, it was decided that there
was very little, if any, profit in trying to go much further north than
the line was at that time. All the old considerations were again valid--
that as we went north we shortened the enemy's communications, brought
in his jet air, tenuated our communications, got out of touch with our
air fields, so that the bál ance of military advantage shifted away from
us to the en emy by moving north, and that therefore the idea was to stay
about where we were with occasional tactical prodding of the enemy to
bring on attacks and then punish the enemy very heavily.
DR. OPPENHEIMER: With very active patrol all the time, I think, where groups would go
out and field all sizes.
MR. ACHESON:
There was very active patrolling. And sometimes-I don't know whether
it went on as late as June--but there were extremely heavy Chinese
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