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3/14/54: Reel 5, Track 2, a age 1 MR. ACHESON: And they had quite a sizable delegation, headed by Yoshida. And they played a very useful part and I thought behaved extremely well. They were modest; they were retiring; they made one speech in the course of the conference which was a good, conciliatory speech. Our main effort that we made with the Japanese during the conference was to have them meet with the Filipinos, the Indonesians, the Dutch, and I think also the British-various people who were deeply concerned about reparations ARCHIVENS ADMIN for damage which had been done in the Far East-and assured them that within the limits of the treaty and within the limits of their power they would do whatever they could. They would really carry out the terms of the treaty in a generous way. I think that had a good effect. I can't think of anything else; Yoshida and his people had lunch with me, some of them a couple of times, and I think that they broke the ice with a good many of the national delegations. Can you think of anything? MR. RUSK: No; they were held over until last for their main speech, because they did not participate in the debate among the others, Ax in the earlier stage. They made a major statement at the end of the debate. But they were very helpful to us in lining up such countries as Indonesia, whose signature was very doubtful when the meeting convened. It was due to the Japanese effort that the Indonesians finally came in and signed. MR. NITZE: The Indonesians had never ratified it's had they MR. RUSK: No, I think that's right. MR. ACHESON: I think we might say a word about the Congressional delegation. We worked on that quite kas hard. We had a pretty good opportunity, because there were several treaty to sign that we wanted to get as large a number of people as we could, particularly influential people from the House and the Senate so that this would pave the way for ease in ratification and ease in any legislation that might grow out of it. Therefore the security treaty with Japan we used as the excuse to get people from the Armed Ser- vices Committee of both the Senate and the House on the delegation. The