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Education in the United States He who would understand education in the United States would do well to remember the history of the United States. By the Declaration of Independence of 1776, our people expressed the belief "that all men are created equal, endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable Rights, " including those of life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness. "To secure these rights, Governments are instituted among Men, deriving their just powers from the consent of the governed Whenever any Form of Government becomes destructive of these ends, it is the Right of the People to alter or to abolish it...." Basic rights of the people are listed in the Constitutional Bill of Rights, enforced by judicial processes of courts separate from the legislative and executive powers If the citizens of a Nation are to have responsibility in making decisions about national problems, that Nation is necessarily concerned for the education of its citizens. As the first President of the United States, George Washington, said in his Farewell Address: Promote, then, as an object of primary importance, institutions for the general diffusion of knowledge In proportion as the structure of a government gives force to public opinion, it is essential that public opinion should be enlightened. More recently, representatives of the United States joined representatives of Yugoslavia and many other nations in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, saying that "Every child has a right to education." The measure of education of a people is therefore, at least in part, a measure of the success of a democratic government, as well as a measure of its potentialities for the future. How far has the United States come toward realization of its belief in education? * By Earl James McGrath, U.S. Commissioner of Education, Federal Security Agency, Washington, D. C., to the Yugoslav Magazine in August 1952 for publication.