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UNCLASSIFIED TOP SECRET 5 tination in general-purpose freight cars. tions in the rear of the army zone anywhere Moreover, the internal ground and air require- from 30-60 miles from the front line. In gen- ments of motor and aviation gasoline can be eral, while the system was of an elementary moved by tank or general-purpose motor truck character, it proved to be workable and eco- when consuming centers are in close proxim- nomical. Its essentials would probably be ity to the refineries and the burden on the duplicated in a future war, modified, however, railroads may be further eased to some extent by the use of water transportation. by greater allotments of motor vehicles to individual units. j. During World War II, the USSR had no system of supply administration in the field. k. The foregoing conclusions are generally Generally speaking, existing railway facilities summarized in the following tables showing were the determining factor rather than ter- the requirements, available indigenous supply, rain or strategic conditions. Materiel was deficits, imports, and synthetic production for sent to army depots located at various sta- both peace and war, 1949. 1949 PEACE Available Require- Synthetic ments Indigenous Deficits Imports Production Surplus Supply Gasoline 7.5 7.1 .4 1.0 .6 1.2 Kerosene 5.5 5.3 .2 .3 .2 .3 Diesel Oil 4.9 4.7 .2 .3 .1 .2 Luboil 1.9 1.8 .1 .1 .1 .1 Fuel Oil 10.1 9.7 .4 .6 .2 Totals 29.9 28.6 1.3 2.3 1.0 2.0 1 in D 1949 WAR Available ms. Require- Maximum Synthetic ments Indigenous Deficits Production Deficit Imports Supply Gasoline 11.5 9.6 1.9 1.5 .6 .2 (Surplus) Kerosene 4.8 4.0 .8 .5 .2 .1 Diesel Oil 4.9 4.1 .8 .4 .1 .3 Luboil 2.0 1.6 .4 .1 .1 .2 Fuel Oil 10.6 8.9 1.7 .9 .0 .8 Totals 33.8 28.2 5.6 3.4 1.0 1.2 Exclusive of combat aviation gasoline, of clusion is that all requirements can be met which there is a definite shortage, it will be for peace or war with respect to all refined noted from the above that the requirements petroleum products with the exception of com- for other products for both peace and war may bat aviation gasoline. be substantially met. This may be accom- 1. One of the important phases of the plished because of adequacy and flexibility of present project is the determination of the im- the thermal cracking plants in the production pact of Middle East oil and the Soviet capa- of light products such as gasoline and kero- bilities to exploit the same. The most impor- sene for some uses. The indigenous refined tant aspect of Middle East oil to the USSR is products must, however, be supplemented by the extremely large potential supply of crude imports and synthetics. The over-all con- oil with an average annual production exceed- TOP SECRET

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    "ocrText": "UNCLASSIFIED\nTOP SECRET\n5\ntination in general-purpose freight cars.\ntions in the rear of the army zone anywhere\nMoreover, the internal ground and air require-\nfrom 30-60 miles from the front line. In gen-\nments of motor and aviation gasoline can be\neral, while the system was of an elementary\nmoved by tank or general-purpose motor truck\ncharacter, it proved to be workable and eco-\nwhen consuming centers are in close proxim-\nnomical. Its essentials would probably be\nity to the refineries and the burden on the\nduplicated in a future war, modified, however,\nrailroads may be further eased to some extent\nby the use of water transportation.\nby greater allotments of motor vehicles to\nindividual units.\nj. During World War II, the USSR had no\nsystem of supply administration in the field.\nk. The foregoing conclusions are generally\nGenerally speaking, existing railway facilities\nsummarized in the following tables showing\nwere the determining factor rather than ter-\nthe requirements, available indigenous supply,\nrain or strategic conditions. Materiel was\ndeficits, imports, and synthetic production for\nsent to army depots located at various sta-\nboth peace and war, 1949.\n1949 PEACE\nAvailable\nRequire-\nSynthetic\nments\nIndigenous\nDeficits\nImports\nProduction\nSurplus\nSupply\nGasoline\n7.5\n7.1\n.4\n1.0\n.6\n1.2\nKerosene\n5.5\n5.3\n.2\n.3\n.2\n.3\nDiesel Oil\n4.9\n4.7\n.2\n.3\n.1\n.2\nLuboil\n1.9\n1.8\n.1\n.1\n.1\n.1\nFuel Oil\n10.1\n9.7\n.4\n.6\n.2\nTotals\n29.9\n28.6\n1.3\n2.3\n1.0\n2.0\n1 in D\n1949 WAR\nAvailable\nms.\nRequire-\nMaximum\nSynthetic\nments\nIndigenous\nDeficits\nProduction\nDeficit\nImports\nSupply\nGasoline\n11.5\n9.6\n1.9\n1.5\n.6\n.2 (Surplus)\nKerosene\n4.8\n4.0\n.8\n.5\n.2\n.1\nDiesel Oil\n4.9\n4.1\n.8\n.4\n.1\n.3\nLuboil\n2.0\n1.6\n.4\n.1\n.1\n.2\nFuel Oil\n10.6\n8.9\n1.7\n.9\n.0\n.8\nTotals\n33.8\n28.2\n5.6\n3.4\n1.0\n1.2\nExclusive of combat aviation gasoline, of\nclusion is that all requirements can be met\nwhich there is a definite shortage, it will be\nfor peace or war with respect to all refined\nnoted from the above that the requirements\npetroleum products with the exception of com-\nfor other products for both peace and war may\nbat aviation gasoline.\nbe substantially met. This may be accom-\n1. One of the important phases of the\nplished because of adequacy and flexibility of\npresent project is the determination of the im-\nthe thermal cracking plants in the production\npact of Middle East oil and the Soviet capa-\nof light products such as gasoline and kero-\nbilities to exploit the same. The most impor-\nsene for some uses. The indigenous refined\ntant aspect of Middle East oil to the USSR is\nproducts must, however, be supplemented by\nthe extremely large potential supply of crude\nimports and synthetics. The over-all con-\noil with an average annual production exceed-\nTOP SECRET"
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