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T OP SECRET
APPENDIX D
THE RELATIVE POSITION OF THE USSR PETROLEUM INDUSTRY
The petroleum output of the United States
Further evidence of the unequal progress
exceeds 200 million metric tons per year,
between the United States and the USSR is
whereas the Soviet Union has only recently
that US oil interests have developed the Vene-
managed to regain its 1940 level of 31 million
zuelan oil industry to a point where produc-
metric tons per year.
tion in Venezuela is twice that of the Soviet
The relative positions of the petroleum in-
Union. This achievement by US interests is
dustry in the United States and the Soviet
exemplified by the fact that oil output in the
Union can be judged largely by production.
Soviet Union and Venezuela was almost on
For example, of approximately 9,200,000
the same level before World War II.
barrels per day of liquid petroleum including
Much of the field and refinery equipment of
light hydrocarbons currently produced in the
the Soviet Union is out of date and, judged by
world, exclusive of Russia and Baltic coun-
modern standards, inefficient in operation.
tries, about 6,000,000 barrels or about 65 per-
Also, the devastation of World War II has im-
cent are produced or can be produced within
peded both the necessary expansion of the in-
the confines of the United States. Further,
dustry and the maintenance and moderniza-
of the 3,200,000 barrels of oil produced outside
tion of existing facilities and equipment. The
the United States, about 40 percent is pro-
Soviets are presently endeavoring to correct
duced by companies of US ownership or in-
the deficiency in materials and equipment by
fluence and most of the remainder produced
expanding their manufacture at home. How-
in the world has become possible only by the
ever, the supplies are slow in coming forward
use of US developed techniques and equip-
and are poor in quality and design.
ment. On the other hand, the Soviet produc-
tion constitutes only 6.1 percent of the world's
The Soviets have also instituted expanding
total.
programs of exploration and drilling to make
The over-all refining plant of the United
good the exhaustion of old fields and further
States is well balanced with respect to all
increase crude oil output to a point where
products, whereas the USSR is deficient in
production will reach 60 million tons by
equipment to make combat aviation gasoline.
1960. Even under the assumption that the
Among the reasons for these divergencies
world production of petroleum will remain at
are: (1) contrast in technical and industrial
the present level in 1960, Soviet crude oil pro-
development in each country at the close of
duction will constitute only 12.5 percent of
World War I; (2) different effects of the recent
the world total. If the past performance of
war upon each country; and (3) the great dis-
the Soviet oil industry is used as a basis for
parity in the levels of education and other
comparison, the Soviets cannot be expected to
basic factors relating to industrial produc-
make any spectacular improvements in the
tion.
near future.
TOP SECRET
49
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"ocrText": "T OP SECRET\nAPPENDIX D\nTHE RELATIVE POSITION OF THE USSR PETROLEUM INDUSTRY\nThe petroleum output of the United States\nFurther evidence of the unequal progress\nexceeds 200 million metric tons per year,\nbetween the United States and the USSR is\nwhereas the Soviet Union has only recently\nthat US oil interests have developed the Vene-\nmanaged to regain its 1940 level of 31 million\nzuelan oil industry to a point where produc-\nmetric tons per year.\ntion in Venezuela is twice that of the Soviet\nThe relative positions of the petroleum in-\nUnion. This achievement by US interests is\ndustry in the United States and the Soviet\nexemplified by the fact that oil output in the\nUnion can be judged largely by production.\nSoviet Union and Venezuela was almost on\nFor example, of approximately 9,200,000\nthe same level before World War II.\nbarrels per day of liquid petroleum including\nMuch of the field and refinery equipment of\nlight hydrocarbons currently produced in the\nthe Soviet Union is out of date and, judged by\nworld, exclusive of Russia and Baltic coun-\nmodern standards, inefficient in operation.\ntries, about 6,000,000 barrels or about 65 per-\nAlso, the devastation of World War II has im-\ncent are produced or can be produced within\npeded both the necessary expansion of the in-\nthe confines of the United States. Further,\ndustry and the maintenance and moderniza-\nof the 3,200,000 barrels of oil produced outside\ntion of existing facilities and equipment. The\nthe United States, about 40 percent is pro-\nSoviets are presently endeavoring to correct\nduced by companies of US ownership or in-\nthe deficiency in materials and equipment by\nfluence and most of the remainder produced\nexpanding their manufacture at home. How-\nin the world has become possible only by the\never, the supplies are slow in coming forward\nuse of US developed techniques and equip-\nand are poor in quality and design.\nment. On the other hand, the Soviet produc-\ntion constitutes only 6.1 percent of the world's\nThe Soviets have also instituted expanding\ntotal.\nprograms of exploration and drilling to make\nThe over-all refining plant of the United\ngood the exhaustion of old fields and further\nStates is well balanced with respect to all\nincrease crude oil output to a point where\nproducts, whereas the USSR is deficient in\nproduction will reach 60 million tons by\nequipment to make combat aviation gasoline.\n1960. Even under the assumption that the\nAmong the reasons for these divergencies\nworld production of petroleum will remain at\nare: (1) contrast in technical and industrial\nthe present level in 1960, Soviet crude oil pro-\ndevelopment in each country at the close of\nduction will constitute only 12.5 percent of\nWorld War I; (2) different effects of the recent\nthe world total. If the past performance of\nwar upon each country; and (3) the great dis-\nthe Soviet oil industry is used as a basis for\nparity in the levels of education and other\ncomparison, the Soviets cannot be expected to\nbasic factors relating to industrial produc-\nmake any spectacular improvements in the\ntion.\nnear future.\nTOP SECRET\n49"
}