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Iran/Arms Transaction: Notebook - Statements in Support of Geo-Strategic Opening (3)
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118565796
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Iran/Arms Transaction: Notebook - Statements in Support of Geo-Strategic Opening (3)
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Records of the Office of Counsel to the President (Reagan Administration)
Arthur Culvahouse's Office Files
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Ronald Reagan Presidential Library Digital Library Collections This is a PDF of a folder from our textual collections. Collection: Culvahouse, Arthur B.: Files Folder Title: Iran/Arms Transaction: Notebook - Statements in Support of Geo-Strategic Opening (3) Box: CFOA 1132 To see more digitized collections visit: https://reaganlibrary.gov/archives/digital-library To see all Ronald Reagan Presidential Library inventories visit: https://reaganlibrary.gov/document-collection Contact a reference archivist at: [email protected] Citation Guidelines: https://reaganlibrary.gov/citing National Archives Catalogue: https://catalog.archives.gov/ WITHDRAWAL SHEET Ronald Reagan Library Collection Name CULVAHOUSE, ARTHUR FILES Withdrawer DLB 10/2/2014 File Folder IRAN/ARMS TRANSACTION: STATEMENTS IN FOIA SUPPORT OF GEO-STRATEGIC OPENING (NOTEBOOK) S643 (3 OF 4) Box Number CFOA 1132 SYSTEMATIC 192 ID Doc Type Document Description No of Doc Date Restrictions Pages 165897 PAPER U.S. POLICY TOWARD IRAN: COMMENT 3 6/28/1985 B1 ON DRAFT NSDD 165898 CABLE WHO 3252 4 7/14/1985 B1 165899 CABLE SECTO 13108 3 7/14/1985 B1 165900 FINDING DUPLICATE OF #165895; RE: MIDDLE 1 ND B1 EAST/HOSTAGES The above documents were not referred for declassification review at time of processing Freedom of Information Act [5 U.S.C. 552(b)] B-1 National security classified information [(b)(1) of the FOIA] B-2 Release would disclose internal personnel rules and practices of an agency [(b)(2) of the FOIA] B-3 Release would violate a Federal statute [(b)(3) of the FOIA] B-4 Release would disclose trade secrets or confidential or financial information [(b)(4) of the FOIA] B-6 Release would constitute a clearly unwarranted invasion of personal privacy [(b)(6) of the FOIA] B-7 Release would disclose information compiled for law enforcement purposes [(b)(7) of the FOIA] B-8 Release would disclose information concerning the regulation of financial institutions [(b)(8) of the FOIA] B-9 Release would disclose geological or geophysical information concerning wells [(b)(9) of the FOIA] C. Closed in accordance with restrictions contained in donor's deed of gift. 5 THE SECRETARY OF STATE 1243 WASHINGTON 402010 F NTP01 NO 22 TOP SECRET June 29, 1985 NSC - Robert C. McFarlane - Bud, My comments on the draft NSDD on Iran are attached. Green Attachment: U.S. Policy Toward Iran: Comment on Draft NSDD TOP SECRET DECL:OADR du 10/2/14 WITHDRAWAL SHEET Ronald Reagan Library Collection Name Withdrawer CULVAHOUSE, ARTHUR 3.:FILES DLB 10/2/2014 File Folder FOIA IRAN/ARMS TRANSACTION: STATEMENTS IN SUPPORT OF S643 GEO-STRATEGIC OPENING (NOTEBOOK) (3 OF 4) SYSTEMATIC Box Number CFOA 1132 192 ID Document Type No of Doc Date Restric- Document Description pages tions 165897 PAPER 3 6/28/1985 BI U.S. POLICY TOWARD IRAN: COMMENT ON DRAFT NSDD The above documents were not referred for declassification review at time of processing Freedom of Information Act - [5 U.S.C. 552(b)] B-1 National security classified information [(b)(1) of the FOIA] B-2 Release would disclose internal personnel rules and practices of an agency [(b)(2) of the FOIA] B-3 Release would violate a Federal statute [(b)(3) of the FOIA] B-4 Release would disclose trade secrets or confidential or financial information [(b)(4) of the FOIA] B-6 Release would constitute a clearly unwarranted invasion of personal privacy [(b)(6) of the FOIA] B-7 Release would disclose information compiled for law enforcement purposes [(b)(7) of the FOIA] B-8 Release would disclose information concerning the regulation of financial institutions [(b)(8) of the FOIA] B-9 Release would disclose geological or geophysical information concerning wells [(b)(9) of the FOIA] C. Closed in accordance with restrictions contained in donor's deed of gift. 6 WITHDRAWAL SHEET Ronald Reagan Library Collection Name Withdrawer CULVAHOUSE, ARTHUR B.:FILES DLB 10/2/2014 File Folder FOIA IRAN/ARMS TRANSACTION: STATEMENTS IN SUPPORT OF S643 GEO-STRATEGIC OPENING (NOTEBOOK) (3 OF 4) SYSTEMATIC Box Number CFOA 1132 192 ID Document Type No of Doc Date Restric- Document Description pages tions 165898 CABLE 4 7/14/1985 B1 WHO 3252 The above documents were not referred for declassification review at time of processing Freedom of Information Act [5 U.S.C. 552(b)] B-1 National security classified information [(b)(1) of the FOIA] B-2 Release would disclose internal personnel rules and practices of an agency [(b)(2) of the FOIA] B-3 Release would violate a Federal statute [(b)(3) of the FOIA] B-4 Release would disclose trade secrets or confidential or financial information [(b)(4) of the FOIA] B-6 Release would constitute a clearly unwarranted invasion of personal privacy [(b)(6) of the FOIA] B-7 Release would disclose information compiled for law enforcement purposes [(b)(7) of the FOIA] B-8 Release would disclose information concerning the regulation of financial institutions [(b)(8) of the FOIA] B-9 Release would disclose geological or geophysical information concerning wells [(b)(9) of the FOIA] C. Closed in accordance with restrictions contained in donor's deed of gift. 7 WITHDRAWAL SHEET Ronald Reagan Library Collection Name Withdrawer CULVAHOUSE, ARTHUR B.:FILES DLB 10/2/2014 File Folder FOIA IRAN/ARMS TRANSACTION: STATEMENTS IN SUPPORT OF S643 GEO-STRATEGIC OPENING (NOTEBOOK) (3 OF 4) SYSTEMATIC Box Number CFOA 1132 192 ID Document Type No of Doc Date Restric- Document Description pages tions 165899 CABLE 3 7/14/1985 B1 SECTO 13108 The above documents were not referred for declassification review at time of processing Freedom of Information Act - [5 U.S.C. 552(b)] B-1 National security classified information [(b)(1) of the FOIA] B-2 Release would disclose internal personnel rules and practices of an agency [(b)(2) of the FOIA] B-3 Release would violate a Federal statute [(b)(3) of the FOIA] B-4 Release would disclose trade secrets or confidential or financial information [(b)(4) of the FOIA] B-6 Release would constitute a clearly unwarranted invasion of personal privacy [(b)(6) of the FOIA] B-7 Release would disclose information compiled for law enforcement purposes [(b)(7) of the FOIA] B-8 Release would disclose information concerning the regulation of financial institutions [(b)(8) of the FOIA] B-9 Release would disclose geological or geophysical information concerning wells [(b)(9) of the FOIA] C. Closed in accordance with restrictions contained in donor's deed of gift. 8 WITHDRAWAL SHEET Ronald Reagan Library Collection Name Withdrawer CULVAHOUSE, ARTHUR 3.:FILES DLB 10/2/2014 File Folder FOIA IRAN/ARMS TRANSACTION: STATEMENTS IN SUPPORT OF S643 GEO-STRATEGIC OPENING (NOTEBOOK) (3 OF 4) SYSTEMATIC Box Number CFOA 1132 192 ID Document Type No of Doc Date Restric- Document Description pages tions 165900 FINDING 1 ND B1 DUPLICATE OF #165895; RE: MIDDLE EAST/HOSTAGES The above documents were not referred for declassification review at time of processing Freedom of Information Act - [5 U.S.C. 552(b)] B-1 National security classified information [(b)(1) of the FOIA] B-2 Release would disclose internal personnel rules and practices of an agency [(b)(2) of the FOIA] B-3 Release would violate a Federal statute [(b)(3) of the FOIA] B-4 Release would disclose trade secrets or confidential or financial information [(b)(4) of the FOIA] B-6 Release would constitute a clearly unwarranted invasion of personal privacy [(b)(6) of the FOIA] B-7 Release would disclose information compiled for law enforcement purposes [(b)(7) of the FOIA] B-8 Release would disclose information concerning the regulation of financial institutions [(b)(8) of the FOIA] B-9 Release would disclose geological or geophysical information concerning wells [(b)(9) of the FOIA] C. Closed in accordance with restrictions contained in donor's deed of gift. 9 TUP SECRET SYSTEM IV THE WHITE HOUSE WASHINGTON N 1323 UNCLASSIFIED ACTION MEMORANDUM FOR THE PRESIDENT FROM: JOHN M. POINDEXTER SUBJECT: Covert Action Finding regarding Iran This week, Prime Minister Peres of Israel secretly dispatched his special advisor on terrorism with instructions to propose a plan by which Israel, with limited assistance from the U.S., can act to bring about a more moderate government in Iran. The Israelis are very concerned that Iran's deteriorating position in the war with Iraq, the potential for further radicalization in Iran, and the possibility of enhanced Soviet influence in the Gulf all pose significant threats to the security of Israel. They believe it is essential that they act to at least preserve a balance of power in the region. The Israeli plan is premised on the assumption that moderate elements in Iran can come to power if these factions demonstrate their credibility in defending Iran against Iraq and in deterring Soviet intervention. To achieve the strategic goal of a more moderate Iranian government, the Israelis are prepared to unilaterally commence selling military materiel to Western- oriented Iranian factions. It is their belief that by so doing they can achieve a heretofore unobtainable penetration of the Iranian governing heirarchy. The Israelis are convinced that the Iranians are so desperate for military materiel, expertise and intelligence that the provision of these resources will result in favorable long-term changes in personnel and attitudes within the Iranian government. Further, once the exchange relationship has commenced, a dependency would be established on those who are providing the requisite resources, thus allowing the providor (s) to coercively influence near-term events. Such an outcome is consistent with our policy objectives and would present significant advantages for U.S. national interests. As described by the Prime Minister's emissary, the only requirement the Israelis have is an assurance that they will be allowed to purchase U.S. replenishments for the stocks that they sell to Iran. A Presidential Covert Action Finding is required in order for us to allow the Israeli transfers to proceed, for our subsequent replenishment sales to Israel, or for other assistance which may be deemed appropriate (e.g., intelligence) Declassify on: OADR NY 0.7 1 May 1987- 2, E.O. 12356 UNGLASSITIED N 1324 2 The Covert Action Finding attached at Tab A provides the lattitude for the transactions indicated above to proceed. If this Finding is signed, we would not interfere when the Israelis unilaterally commence sales and deliveries of TOW missiles during January, 1986. The Finding also authorizes U.S. sales of basic TOWs to Israel when they submit purchase orders for replenishing their own stocks. The Iranians have indicated an immediate requirement for 4,000 basic TOW weapons for use in the launchers they already hold. We would be expected to replace the Israeli stocks in less than 30 days. 4,000 missiles represent 1/3 of all available TOWs in-Israel. The Israelis are sensitive to a strong U.S. desire to free our Beirut hostages and have insisted that the Iranians demonstrate both influence and good intent by an early release of the five Americans. Both sides have agreed that the hostages will be immediately released upon commencement of this action. Prime Minister Peres had his emissary pointedly note that they well understand our position on not making concessions to terrorists. They also point out, however, that terrorist groups, movements, and organizations are significantly easier to influence through governments than they are by direct approach. In that we have been unable to exercise any suasion over Hizballah during the course of nearly two years of kidnappings, this approach through the government of Iran may well be our only way to achieve the release of the Americans held in Beirut. It must again be noted that since this dialogue with the Iranians began in September, Reverend Weir has been released and there have been no Shia terrorist attacks against American or Israeli persons, property, or interests. The Israelis have asked for our urgent response to this proposal so that they can plan accordingly. They note that conditions inside both Iran and Lebanon are highly violatile and that the current crisis in the Middle East provides a rationale for a significant Israeli purchase of TOWs and expedited delivery on our part. The Israelis are cognizant that this entire operation will be terminated if the Iranians abandon their goal of moderating their government or allow further acts of terrorism. In order to provide an answer to Prime Minister Peres, the Finding at Tab A should be discussed with Secretaries Shultz and Weinberger, Director Casey, and Attorney General Meese. If, based on their input, you decide to proceed, the Finding should be signed. Because of the extreme sensitivity of this project, it is recommended that you exercise your constitutional perogative to withhold notification of the Finding to the Congressional oversight committees until such time that you deem it to be appropriate. on 7MayL under provisions E.O. 13356 3 UNCLASSIFIED N 1325 Recommendation OK No That you agree to meet with Secretaries Shultz and Weinberger, Director Casey, and Attorney General Meese on this matter as soon as possible. Prepared by: Oliver L. North Attachment Tab A - Covert Action Finding UNIVERSIFIED Partially Declassified/Relcased on 7may1987 1987 under provisions of E.O. 12356 to B. Reger, National Security Council ICLASSIFIED Finding Pursuant to Section 662 of N 1326 The Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 As Amended, Concerning Operations Undertaken by the Central Intelligence Agency in Foreign Countries, Other Than Those Intended Solely for the Purpose of Intelligence Collection I hereby find that the following operation in a foreign country (including all support necessary to such operation) is important to the national security of the United States, and due to its extreme sensitivity and security risks, I determine it is essential to limit prior notice, and direct the Director of Central Intelligence to refrain from reporting this Finding to the Congress as provided in Section 501 of the National Security Act of 1947, as amended, until I otherwise direct. SCOPE DESCRIPTION Iran Assist selected friendly foreign liaison services and third countries, which have established relationships with Iranian elements, groups, and individuals sympathetic to U.S. Government interests and which do not conduct or support terrorist actions directed against U.S. persons, property or interests, for the purpose of: (1) establishing a more moderate govern- ment in Iran, (2) obtaining from them significant intelligence not otherwise obtainable, to determine the current Iranian Government's intentions with respect to its neighbors and with respect to terrorist acts, and (3) furthering the release of the American hostages held in Beirut and preventing additional terrorist acts by these groups. Provide funds, intelligence, counter- intelligence, training, guidance and communications and other necessary assistance to these elements, groups, individuals, liaison services and third countries in support of these activities. The USG will act to facilitate efforts by third parties and third countries to establish contact with moderate elements within and outside the Government of Iran by providing these elaments with arms, equipment and related materiel in order to enhance the credibility of these elements in their effort to achieve a more pro-U.S. government in Iran by demonstrating their ability to obtain requisite resources to defend their country against Iraq and intervention by the Soviet Union. This support will be discontinued if the U.S. Government learns that these elements have abandoned their goals of moderating their government and appropriated the materiel for purposes other than that provided by this Finding. The White House OGCR TS 0801-86 Washington, D.C. TOP SECRET copy 1 Date: 6 January 1986 7May1987 1987 10 VEVIILI bh# UNCLASSIFTED THE WHITE HOUSE N 10046 WASHINGTON January 17, 1986 TOP SECRET ACTION MEMORANDUM FOR THE PRESIDENT FROM: JOHN M. POINDEXTER mb SUBJECT: Covert Action Finding Regarding Iran Prime Minister Peres of Israel secretly dispatched his special advisor on terrorism with instructions to propose a plan by which Israel, with limited assistance from the U.S., can create conditions to help bring about a more moderate government in Iran. The Israelis are very concerned that Iran's deteriorating position in the war with Iraq, the potential for further radicalization in Iran, and the possibility of enhanced Soviet influence in the Gulf all pose significant threats to the security of Israel. They believe it is essential that they act to at least preserve a balance of power in the region. The Israeli plan is premised on the assumption that moderate elements in Iran can come to power if these factions demonstrate their credibility in defending Iran against Iraq and in deterring Soviet intervention. To achieve the strategic goal of a more moderate Iranian government, the Israelis are prepared to unilaterally commence selling military materiel to Western-oriented Iranian factions. It is their belief that by so doing they can achieve a heretofore unobtainable penetration of the Iranian governing hierarchy. The Israelis are convinced that the Iranians are so desperate for military materiel, expertise and intelligence that the provision of these resources will result in favorable long-term changes in personnel and attitudes within the Iranian government. Further, once the exchange relationship has commenced, a dependency would be established on those who are providing the requisite resources, thus allowing the provider (s) to coercively influence near-term events. Such an outcome is consistent with our policy objectives and would present significant advantages for U.S. national interests. As described by the Prime Minister's emissary, the only requirement the Israelis have is an assurance that they will be allowed to purchase U.S. replenishments for the stocks that they sell to Iran. We have researched the legal problems of Israel's selling U.S. manufactured arms to Iran. Because of the requirement in U.S. law for recipients of U.S. arms to notify the U.S. government of transfers to third countries, I do not recommend that you agree with the specific details of the Israeli plan. However, there is another possibility. Some time ago Attorney TOP SECRET Particia Declassified / Released on 4 may/982 RECEIVED T73 Declassify on: OADR der provisions of E.O. 12356 ger, Natio al Security Council NOI ASSIENED Noy 29 1986 TOP SECRET Copy is Receipt TOP SECRET UNCLASSIFIED N 10047 TOP SECRET 2 General William French Smith determined that under an appropriate finding you could authorize the CIA to sell arms to countries outside of the provisions of the laws and reporting requirements for foreign military sales. The objectives of the Israeli plan could be met if the CIA, using an authorized agent as necessary, purchased arms from the Department of Defense under the Economy Act and then transferred them to Iran directly after receiving appropriate payment from Iran. The Covert Action Finding attached at Tab A provides the latitude for the transactions indicated above to proceed. The Iranians have indicated an immediate requirement for 4,000 basic TOW weapons for use in the launchers they already hold. The Israeli's are also sensitive to a strong U.S. desire to free our Beirut hostages and have insisted that the Iranians demonstrate both influence and good intent by an early release of the five Americans. Both sides have agreed that the hostages will be immediately released upon commencement of this action. Prime Minister Peres had his emissary pointedly note that they well understand our position on not making concessions to terrorists. They also point out, however, that terrorist groups, movements, and organizations are significantly easier to influence through governments than they are by direct approach. In that we have been unable to exercise any suasion over Hizballah during the course of nearly two years of kidnappings, this approach through the government of Iran may well be our only way to achieve the release of the Americans held in Beirut. It must again be noted that since this dialogue with the Iranians began in September, Reverend Weir has been released and there have been no Shia terrorist attacks against American or Israeli persons, property, or interests. Therefore it is proposed that Israel make the necessary arrangements for the sale of 4000 TOW weapons to Iran. Sufficient funds to cover the sale would be transferred to an agent of the CIA. The CIA would then purchase the weapons from the Department of Defense and deliver the weapons to Iran through the agent. If all of the hostages are not released after the first shipment of 1000 weapons, further transfers would cease. On the other hand, since hostage release is in some respects a byproduct of a larger effort to develop ties to potentially moderate forces in Iran, you may wish to redirect such transfers to other groups within the government at a later time. TOP SECRET UNCL ASSIFIED TOP SECRET IUP SECRET CLASSIONS TOP SECRET 3 The Israelis have asked for our urgent response to this proposal so that they can plan accordingly. They note that conditions. inside both Iran and Lebanon are highly volatile. The Israelis are cognizant that this entire operation will be terminated if the Iranians abandon their goal of moderating their government or allow further acts of terrorism. You have discussed the general outlines of the Israeli plan with Secretaries Shultz and Weinberger, Attorney General Meese and Director Casey. The Secretaries do not recommend you proceed with this plan. Attorney General Meese and Director Casey believe the short-term and long-term objectives of the plan warrant the policy risks involved and recommend you approve the attached Finding. Because of the extreme sensitivity of this project, it is recommended that you exercise your statutory prerogative to withhold notification of the Finding to the Congressional oversight committees until such time that you deem it to be appropriate. Recommendation OK NO RB That you sign the attached Finding. - Prepared by: Oliver L. North Attachment Tab A - Covert Action Finding 1000 17 In 86 Print was singed verbally from this paper VP, Don Rega and Don Forting were present & UNCLASSIFIED TOP SECRET N 9402 discopur Gane to Soction 632 o? The Foteign Assistance Act. of 1961 As Amended, Concerning Operations Undertaken by the Central Intelligence Agency in Foreign Countries, Other Than Those Intended Solely for the Purpose of Intolligence Collection I hereby find that the following operation in a foreign country (including all support necessary to such operation) is important to the national security of the United States, and due to its extreme sensitivity and security risks, I determine it is essential to limit prior notice, and direct the Director of Central Insolligence to refrain from reporting this Finding to the Congress as provided in Soction 501 of the National Security Act of 1947, as amended, until I otherwise direct. SCOPE DESCRIPTION an Assist selected friendly foreign liaison services, third countries and third parties which have established relationships with Iranian elements, groups, and individuals sympathetic to U.S. Government interests and which do not conduct or support terrorist actions directed against U.S. persons, property or interests, for the purpose of: (1) establishing a more moderate government in Iran, (2) obtaining from them significant intelligence not otherwise obtainable, to determine the current Iranian Government's intentions with respect to its neighbors and with respect to terrorist acts, and (3) furthering the release of the American hostages held in Beirut and preventing additional terrorist acts by these groups. Provide funds, intelligence, counter-intelligence, training, guidance and communications and other necessary assistance to these elements, groups, individuals, liaison services and third countries in support of these activities. The USG will act to facilitate efforts by third parties and third countries to ostablish contact with moderate elements within and outside the Government of Iran by providing these elements with arms, equipment and related materiel in order to enhance the credibility of these elements in their effort to achieve a more pro-U.S. government in Iran by demonstrating their ability to obtain requisite resources to defend their country against Iraq and intervention by the Soviet Union. This support will be discontinued if the U.S. Government learns that these elements have abandoned their goals of moderating their government and appropriated the materiel for purposes other than that provided by this Finding. The White House Washington, D.C. Rouid Rayan OGCR TS 0801-86 Copy 1 Date January 17, 1986 BIT 8