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Ronald Reagan Presidential Library Digital Library Collections This is a PDF of a folder from our textual collections. Collection: Blackwell, Morton: Files Folder Title: Department of Agriculture - Indians (1 of 3) Box: 29 To see more digitized collections visit: https://reaganlibrary.gov/archives/digital-library To see all Ronald Reagan Presidential Library inventories visit: https://reaganlibrary.gov/document-collection Contact a reference archivist at: [email protected] Citation Guidelines: https://reaganlibrary.gov/citing National Archives Catalogue: https://catalog.archives.gov/ under Indians Dept. Indian THE WHITE HOUSE I United States Department of Agriculture Applications and Farmers Home Administration Loans to American Program Evaluation Indians Staff March 1981 - - ------ - ----------- ------ - APPLICATIONS AND LOANS TO AMERICAN INDIANS Program Evaluation Staff March 1981 TABLE OF CONTENTS EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Page I. INTRODUCTION 1 II. FINDINGS AND CONCLUSIONS SUMMARY 3 Findings 4 Applications for Loans - National 4 Applications for Loans - Selected States 4 Loans - National 4 Loans - Selected States 5 Conclusions 6 Charts "Comparison of Increases/Decreases in Number of Applications from FY 1977-1979" and "Comparison of Increases in Number and Amount of Six Types of Loans Made from FY 1977-1979" "Comparison of Applications for, Number and Amount of Loans to American Indians, Fiscal Years 1977, 1978, and 1979" III. OUTREACH 7 National 7 Selected States 8 IV. LOANS TO AMERICAN INDIANS 10 National 10 Selected States 11 V. APPLICATIONS AND LOANS TO AMERICAN INDIANS 12 National 12 Selected States 12 VI. PROFILES OF SELECTED STATES Arizona 13 California 13 Montana 13 New Mexico 14 New York 14 North Carolina 14 North Dakota 15 Oklahoma 15 South Dakota 15 TABLE OF CONTENTS VII. APPENDIX Page Charts "Applications of and Loans to American Indians by Type of Loans, Fiscal Years 1977, 1978 and 1979" 16 "Number and Amount of Loans to American Indians and to All Borrowers Except American Indians by Type of Loan" 17 "Profile of State Loans to American Indians by Type of Loan, Fiscal Years 1977, 1978 and 1979" Arizona 18 California 19 Montana 20 New Mexico 21 New York 22 North Carolina 23 North Dakota 24 Oklahoma 25 South Dakota 26 "Applications for Loans" 27 "Loans" 29 "American Indian Applications for Eight FmHA Loans - Total" 32 "American Indian Applications for Eight FmHA Loans - by Program" 33 "American Indian Applications for Eight FmHA Loans in Nine Selected States" 34 "Applications for Initial Loans Received from American Indians by State" Arizona 35 California 36 Montana 37 New Mexico 38 New York 39 North Carolina 40 North Dakota 41 Oklahoma 42 South Dakota 43 ii TABLE OF CONTENTS Page "Comparison of Increases in Number and Amount of Six Types of Loans Made From FY 1977-1979" 44 "Comparison of Percent of Change in Amount and Number of Six Types of Loans to American Indians in Nine Selected States" 45 "Distribution of Loans Made to American Indians by Six Types" Arizona 46 California 47 Montana 48 New Mexico 49 New York 50 North Carolina 51 North Dakota 52 Oklahoma 53 South Dakota 54 iii EXECUTIVE SUMMARY In the Spring of 1980, Program Evaluation Staff conducted a review of applications made by American Indians for eight types of Farmers Home Administration (FmHA) loans (Farm Operating Loans, Emergency Loans, Farm Ownership Loans, Recreation Loans, Soil and Water Loans, Rural Housing Loans, Rural Rental Housing Loans, and Labor Housing Loans), over three fiscal years from 1977 through 1979. A review was also made of the number of loans and the amount of money loaned to American Indians in six of the eight FmHA loan programs during the same fiscal years (Rural Rental Housing and Labor Housing Loans were not included). The purpose of the review was to determine whether FmHA programs had become more accessible to American Indians. The results of these reviews are discussed in this document. In brief, American Indian applications for the eight loan programs and loans made to American Indians in the six loan programs increased significantly from fiscal year 1977 through fiscal year 1979. In addition, the data for fiscal year 1980 has been included and analyzed in this summary. That data indicates that the momentum of increased American Indian applications appears to have lessened during fiscal year 1980, although there were more American Indian applications for the loans in fiscal year 1980 than in fiscal year 1979. However, the number and amount of money loaned to American Indians in fiscal year 1980 was 25% greater than in fiscal year 1979. FmHA received only 1,449 more American Indian applications for the eight loan programs in fiscal year 1980 than in fiscal year 1977. This represents however, a 73.7% increase. More significantly, the American Indian share of all applications for these loans increased from .49% to .81%. In fiscal year 1980, 717 more loans were made to American Indians in the six loan programs than in fiscal year 1977 and $33,041,000 more money was loaned to American Indians in fiscal year 1980 than in fiscal year 1977. This is a 71.8 % increase in number and a 167.3% increase in the amount of money loaned. The American Indian share of the six loan programs increased from .48% in number to .81% and from .42% in amount of money loaned to .76%. Clearly, FmHA's efforts to increase American Indian participation in FmHA loan programs have been successful. American Indian Applications for Eight FmHA Loan Programs* Fiscal Years 1977 Through 1980 Change FY 1977 FY 1978 FY 1979 FY 1980 FY 1977 - 1980 Number of Applications 1,967 2,551 3,312 3,416 +1,449 Percent of Total Applications Made .49 .57 .79 .81 + .32 Numerical Increase Over Previous Year N/A +584 +761 +104 +1,449 Percent Increase Over Previous Year N/A +29.7% +29.8% +3.1% +73.7% American Indian Loans In Six FmHA Programs** Fiscal Years 1977 Through 1980 Change FY 1977 FY 1978 FY 1979 FY 1980 FY 1977 - 1980 Number of Loans Made 999 1,703 1,371 1,716 Amount of Money Loaned $19,754 $37,228 $41,811 $52,795 Numerical Increase/ Decrease from Previous Year - Loans N/A +704 -332 +345 +717 - Funds +$17,474 +$4,583 +$10,984 +$33,041 Percent Increase/ Decrease from Previous Year - Loans N/A +70.5% -19.5% +25.2% +71.8% - Funds +88.6% +12.3% +26.3% +167.3% American Indian Share Percent of Total Loans Made .48 .65 .61 .81 +.33 (+68.8%) Percent of Total Money Loaned .42 .51 .58 .76 +.34 (+81%) * Farm Operating Loans, Emergency Loans, Farm Ownership Loans, Recreation Loans, Soil and Water Loans, Rural Housing Loans, Rural Rental Housing Loans and Labor Housing Loans. ** Farm Operating Loans, Emergency Loans, Farm Ownership Loans, Recreation Loans, Soil and Water Loans and Rural Housing Loans. A REVIEW OF APPLICATIONS AND FmHA LOANS TO AMERICAN INDIANS FOR FISCAL YEARS 1977, 1978, and 1979 I. INTRODUCTION The Comptroller General, in a Report to the Congress titled "Sub- standard Indian Housing Increases Despite Federal Efforts - A Change is Needed", dated March 31, 1978 (CEC-78-63), recommended "that the Secretary of Agriculture direct the FmHA Administrator to place greater emphasis on Indian housing, develop a more effective outreach program, and provide staff necessary to implement such a program." FmHA Administrator, Gordon Cavanaugh, in a letter dated December 28, 1977 to Mr. Henry Eschwege, Director, Community and Economic Development Division, U.S. General Accounting Office, stated: "In response to this recommendation and in an effort to place more emphasis on the FmHA Indian outreach program, FmHA will be holding a 2-day workshop for State coordinators for Indian outreach activities on February 1 and 2, 1978. The objective is to train FmHA State coordinators in their responsibilities to make all FmHA programs more accessible and available to Indians. The coordinators will receive training in ways and means to assist in the training of Indian tribes, individuals, and other groups involved in Indian activities in the packaging and use of FmHA housing loans and grants. Members of the National Office Rural Housing Staff will assist with the training activities. In States having reservations and/or significant Indian populations, a State housing staff assistant will be designated to work with the State coordinator of Indian activities and other State FmHA employees in developing training and procedures for packaging and use of FmHA housing loan programs for Indians." In addition, on June 1, 1978, FmHA notified the General Accounting Office that the FmHA Indian Outreach Program had been formalized by amending its regulations by adding a new Subpart N to Part 1901, Chapter XVIII, Title 7, Code of Federal Regulations. The main thrust of those regulations is to "make all FmHA programs more accessible and available to Indians living on and off reservations" and to "increase the production level of FmHA loans and grants going to American Indians both on and off reservations." This paper attempts to access the extent to which these objectives are being met. In conducting this review, two types of FmHA documents were used: (1) "Applications for initial Loans Received From Individuals, By Type of Loan and By Race or Ethnic Group"; and (2) "Distribution of Loans Made By Six Specified Types By Race or Ethnic Group." 2 These documents give information by state on: 1 (1) Applications for eight FmHA loan programs (Operating Loans, Emergency Loans, Farm Ownership Loans, Recreation Loans, Soil and Water Loans, Rural Housing Loans, Rural Rental Housing Loans and Labor Housing Loans); and (2) Loans made for six FmHA programs 1 (Operating Loans, Emergency Loans, Farm Ownership Loans, Recreation Loans, Soil and Water Loans and Rural Housing Loans). It is understood that this reviw is not an all encompassing rigorous study, that all FmHA loan programs have not been examined and that American Indian needs on an area, state or national basis have not been compared to FmHA loan activity. In addition, only three fiscal years 1977, 1978, and 1979 have been examined. However, this review does give a fairly good picture of FmHA applications and loan activity with respect to American Indians on a national basis compared to that of other borrowers as well as the activity in nine selected states with large American Indian populations. Emergency Livestock Loans are included in the data used for Emergency Loans in fiscal years 1977 and 1978. They are not included in the data identified as Emergency Loans in fiscal year 1979. The reason for this is that states inadvertently reported for fiscal years 1977 and 1978 some Emergency Livestock Loans with Emergency Loans. In fiscal year 1979, the two loans were not co-mingled in the reports. It is not possible either to delete in fiscal years 1977 and 1978 the Emergency Livestock Loans from the Emergency Loan totals because they cannot be separately identified in those years, nor is it possible to include Emergency Livestock Loans in the fiscal year 1979 data in a meaningful way because they were not reported by race. However, we do not believe that the conclusions drawn in this report are significantly distorted because in fiscal year 1979, very few Emergency Livestock Loans were made. A total of 97 Emergency Livestock Loans totaling $14,451,870 were made nationally in fiscal year 1979, less than .16% in number and less than .7% in amount of all Emergency Loans made in that year. Economic Emergency Loans are not included in any of the data used in this report. These loans were first funded in fiscal year 1978 and were not reported by race. In fiscal year 1979, these loans were reported by race nationally and by state. According to the FY 1979 report, 461,120 loans were made totaling $2,936,780,000. American Indians received 239 loans totaling $11,900,000, about .5% in number and .4% in amount of all loans made. 3 In assessing the extent to which all FmHA programs have become more accessible and available to American Indians living on and off reservations, we postulated that accessibility and availability could be measured some- what by applications. We assumed that if American Indians heard about FmHA programs and felt that there was a reasonable chance of being helped by the programs that they would apply for them. This would increase American Indian applications and indicate increased accessibility and availability of FmHA programs. Measuring increased production is more straight forward. Either more loans were made to American Indians or they were not. However, in order to get a clearer picture of FmHA applications and loan activity with respect to American Indians for the past three fiscal years, we looked at the data on a national level, and by nine selected states. These nine states were chosen because they received over 75% of all American Indian applications and over 80% of all FmHA loans to American Indians in the three fiscal years examined. It was not practical within a short time- frame to examine all states. The nine states examined were: Arizona, California, Montana, New Mexico, New York, North Carolina, North Dakota, Oklahoma and South Dakota. Method of Review The data was compared by type of loan nationally and by state over three fiscal years by: (1) total numbers, (2) an actual percent increase or decrease, and (3) American Indian "share" which is the proportion of all applications and all loans that were American Indian. These different methods were used because the number of loans to American Indians is still very small and although an increase of 200 loans from one fiscal year to another may seem insignificant, this increase may represent a very large increase in volume of a particular loan made to American Indians. In addition, it is important to have a way of measuring American Indian loan activity to the activity relative to that of other borrowers. For example, loan activity to American Indians may in fact have declined from one fiscal year to another but that decline may have been, in terms of percent, far less than the decline in loan activity to all other borrowers. Finally, we used American Indian "share" as a gauge of success or failure. We recognize the potential danger in assuming that American Indian need for and consequently receipt of FmHA loans is or should be equal to the American Indian proportion of the United States or of the state rural population. Nevertheless, this type of comparison provides the basis for further attention. If, for example, rural American Indians comprise 14% of a state rural population but receive only 2% of FmHA loans made in the state, the reason for such a disparity should be examined. Recognizing then the limitation of this review, we believe that it will be of interest and provide a "bench mark" against which subsequent loan and application activity might be measured. 4 II. FINDINGS AND CONCLUSIONS In order to determine whether American Indian applications and loans to American Indians have increased, applications made by American Indians for eight FmHA programs over a three fiscal year period were compared with applications made for these programs by all potential borrowers and by all potential borrowers excluding American Indians on a national basis and by nine states. In addition, loans made to American Indians for six FmHA programs over a three fiscal year period were compared with loans made for these programs to all borrowers and to all borrowers excluding American Indians on a national basis and by nine states. Findings of this review are discussed below. Specific data supporting the findings and conclusions are included in the appendix of this report. Findings Applications for Loans - National American Indian applications for eight FmHA programs increased more than 29% each fiscal year. The total increase from FY 1977-79 was 68.4% Applications from all potential borrowers and all potential borrowers excluding American Indians increased on the average 11.85% from fiscal year 1977 to 1978. They decreased an average of 7.5% from fiscal year 1978 to 1979 and reflected an overall increase between FY 1977-79 of 3.45%. While the numerical increase in American Indian applications from FY 1977-79 was small (1,345), as was the increase in "share" of applications (.3), we believe that these statistics reflect a substantial increase when compared to the far smaller percentage increase in applications from other potential borrowers. Applications for Loans - Selected States Again, American Indian applications in nine selected states show a steady increase in both fiscal years 1978 and 1979, (31.8% and 25% res- pectively). The total increase from FY 1977-79 was 64.7%. The American Indian "share" in that time period increased 1.43. Applications from all potential borrowers and all potential borrowers excluding American Indians in nine selected states increased about half as much from FY 1977-78 as applications from this source on a national basis. They declined during the period from FY 1978-79 more than twice the national rate. Moreover, while applications on a national basis from all potential borrowers and all potential borrowers excluding American Indians during the period FY 1977-79 showed an increase of 3.6% and 3.3% respectively, the experience in nine selected states was a definite decline in applications of 10.2% and 11.47% for this group of potential borrowers. Loans - National The number of loans to American Indians increased from FY 1977 to FY 1978 by 70.5%. They decreased from FY 1978-79 by 19.5%. An overall increase of 37.2% from FY 1977-79 was maintained. The American Indian "share" for this period increased .13. 5 Funds loaned to American Indians increased each year - 88.5% from FY 1977-78 and 12.3% from FY 1978-79 for an overall increase of 111.7% for the period FY 1977-79. The American Indian "share" of funds increased .16. The number of loans to all borrowers and to all borrowers excluding American Indians increased around 27% from FY 1977-78 and decreased 15.2% from FY 1978-79. The overall increase for both groups from FY 1977-79 was around 7.8% contrasted with an American Indian increase of 37.2%. Funds loaned to all borrowers and to all borrowers excluding American Indians increased 57% from FY 1977-78 and decreased 1.5% and 1.3% res- pectively for the period FY 1978-79. The overall increase during FY 1977-79 was around 54.5%, contrasted with 111.7% increase in funds loaned to American Indians during the same time period. Loans - Selected States The number of loans made to American Indians increased 74.7% from FY 1977-78 and decreased 24.8% from FY 1978-79. An overall increase of 31.4% for the period FY 1977-79 was maintained. Funds loaned to American Indians in the nine selected states increased at the rate of 93.7% from FY 1977-78 and 9.4% from FY 1978-79. The total increase for the period FY 1977-79 was 111.9%. The American Indian "share", increased .26 and .18 from FY 1977-78 and 1978-79 with an overall increase of .44 from FY 1977-79. Loans to all potential borrowers and to all potential borrowers excluding American Indians in the nine selected states increased about 32% from FY 1977-78 and decreased around 29% for the period FY 1978-79. The overall decrease for both groups was about 6% for the period FY 1977-79. Funds loaned to all potential borrowers and to all potential borrowers excluding American Indians in the nine selected states increased over 62.6% in FY 1977-78 and decreased around 1% from FY 1978-79. The increase maintained by both groups for the period FY 1977-79 was 61.3% and 60.6% respectively. The percentage increase in the number of loans and amount of funds loaned to American Indians during the period FY 1977-79 sharply exceeded the number of loans and amount of funds loaned to all other borrowers and to all other borrowers excluding American Indians in the selected states. The number of loans to all other borrowers declined 6% while the amount received increased 61.3%. The number of loans to all other borrowers excluding American Indians declined 6.7% and the amount borrowed increased 60.6%. In contrast, the number of loans to American Indians increased 31.4% and the amount of funds loaned to American Indians increased 111.9%. 6 CONCLUSIONS It is our conclusion that accessibility and availability of FmHA loan programs to American Indians, measured in terms of increased applications by American Indians for these programs, has improved substantially since FY 1977. In addition, it is clear that the pro- duction level of FmHA loans going to American Indians since FY 1977 has increased significantly both in terms of number of loans and amount of loans. Comparison of Increases/ Comparison of Increases in Decreases in Number of Number and Amount of Six Types Applications from FY 1977-1979 of Loans Made from FY1977-1979 Potential Borrowers Number Amount Borrowers +31.4% American Indians in +64.7% American Indians in Nine Selected States Nine Selected States +111.9% +68.4% +37.2% All American Indians All American Indians +111.7% -6.0% All Applications in -10.2% All Borrowers in Nine Selected States Nine Selected States +61.3% +7.9% All Applications + 3.6% All Borrowers in All Nationwide Reporting States +54.7% -20-10 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 Percent Percent Comparison of Applications for, Number and Amount of Loans to American Indians Fiscal Years 1977, 1978 and 1979 (Shown as a Percent of Total Applications, Number and Amount of Loans in Each State) 9 8 Number of Amount of Applications Loans Loans 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 FY 77 78 79 77 78 79 77 78 79 77 78 79 77 78 79 77 78 79 77 78 79 77 78 79 77 78 79 AZ CA MT NY NM NC ND OK SD 7 III. OUTREACH National A goal of the Indian Outreach Program is to make all FmHA programs more accessible and available to American Indians living on and off reservations. One way of measuring increased accessibility is to look at whether or not more applications for loans have been made by American Indians since the inception of the Indian Outreach Program. We looked at data for fiscal years 1977, 1978 and 19792/. We found the following: * The total number of applications made by American Indians for eight types of FmHA loans increased both numerically and as a percent of total applications for these loans from FY 1977 to FY 1978 and from FY 1978 to FY 1979. (We looked at percent of total applications because although total applications by American Indians may have increased, their total "share" of all applications may have decreased). * The numerical increase in applications from American Indians was substantial. There were 1,967 American Indian applica- tions for the eight types of FmHA loans in FY 1977. This increased to 2,551 (+584, +29.7%) in FY 1978 and to 3,312 (+761, +29.8%) in FY 1979. This reflects a 68.4% increase from FY 1977 to FY 1979. In addition, applications from American Indians constituted a larger "share" of all appli- cations for these programs in FY 1979 compared with FY 1977. In FY 1977, the American Indian share of applications was .49 of all applications. In FY 1979, the American Indian share rose to .79 of all applications. * The major numerical increase in American Indian applications was in rural housing loans. Nine hundred forty-eight (79%) more applications for rural housing loans were made by American Indians in FY 1979 than in FY 1977. Other large increases in FY 1979 compared with FY 1977 were applications for farm operating loans which increased by 227 (78.5%) and farm ownership loans which increased 101 (84%). Selected States American Indian applications of nine states which have a large American Indian population in rural areas and non-metropolitan places up to 10,000 persons were reviewed. These states are: Arizona - Indian population, 83,198, 16.4% of the total state rural population California - Indian population, 26,318, 1% of the total state rural population 2/ Source: "Applications for Initial Loans Received from Individuals, By Type of Loans and By Race or Ethnic Group During Fiscal Year." 8 Montana - Indian population, 23,600, 5% of the total state rural population New York - Indian population, 9,672, .3% of the total state rural population New Mexico - Indian population, 63,977, 14.5% of the total state rural population North Carolina - Indian population, 37,828, 1% of the total state rural population North Dakota - Indian population, 12,940, 3% of the total state rural population Oklahoma - Indian population, 64,212, 6% of the total state rural population South Dakota - Indian population, 28,788, 6% of the total state rural population American Indian applications for eight FmHA loans in these nine states increased 31.8% (492) in 1978 compared with 1977, 25% (509) in FY 1979 compared with 1978 and 64.7% (1,001) in FY 1979 compared with FY 1977. In FY 1977, these nine states accounted for 78.65% of all American Indian applications for the eight types of loans. In 1978, this percen- tage increased to 79.93%, but in 1979, the share of American Indian applications in these nine states declined to 76.94% of all American Indian applications, indicating increased activity and perhaps increased outreach in other states. Comparing FY 1979 with FY 1977, the states which experienced the greatest increase in American Indian applications both numerically and as a percent of total applications in each state were Oklahoma (+636; +4.4) and Arizona (+266; +5.8). Montana had 63 more applications and increased the American Indian share by 3.9. South Dakota increased its share of American Indian applications by 79 or 3.1. New York was the only state which had fewer American Indian applications in FY 1978 and FY 1979 than in FY 1977. Oklahoma showed in the three years an out- standing increase in American Indian applications. It received 421 (234%) more applications in FY 1978 than in FY 1977 and 215 (36%) more applications in FY 1979 than in FY 1978. In FY 1977, only four of the nine states (44%) received applications from American Indians which were nearly proportionate or exceeded the American Indian rural population in each state. These states were: Montana with 5% of the rural population composed of American Indians which received 4.7% of the total applications in the state from American Indians; New York where .3% of the rural population was American Indian 9 and which received .7% of all applications from American Indians; North Carolina with 1% of the rural population composed of American Indians which received American Indian applications constituting 3.3% of the total applications in the State; and North Dakota with 3% of the rural population composed of American Indians which received American Indian applications constituting 3.3% of the total applications received in the State. By 1979, South Dakota and Oklahoma joined the four states reflecting more proportional representation. Oklahoma with 6% of the rural population composed of American Indians rose from 1.2% American Indian applications in FY 1977 to 5.6% in FY 1979. South Dakota with 6% of the rural population composed of American Indians rose from 2% American Indian applications to 5.1% in FY 1979. It is our conclusion, based upon this data and assuming that increased applications for FmHA loan programs are an indicator of increased accessibility of FmHA programs, that the outreach portion of the Program has been extremely successful. 10 IV. LOANS TO AMERICAN INDIANS National A second goal of the Indian Outreach Program is to increase FmHA loans to American Indians. We looked at six types of loans made to American Indians in Fiscal Years 1977, 1978 and 1979.3/ These loans are Operating Loans, Emergency Loans, Farm Ownership Loans, Recreation Loans, Soil and Water Loans and Rural Housing Loans. We found that: * While the number of loans to American Indians increased from FY 1977 to FY 1978 by 704 or 70.5%, from FY 1978 to FY 1979, the number of loans to American Indians decreased by 332 or 19.5%. The overall increase from FY 1977 to FY 1979 was 372 loans or 37.2%. * The amount of money loaned to American Indians increased from FY 1977 to FY 1978 by $17,474,000 or 88.5%, and from FY 1978 to FY 1979 by $4,583,000 or 12.3%. The increase from FY 1977 to FY 1979 was $22,057,000 or 111.7%. * The American Indian share of the number of all loans made rose from .48% to .65% from FY 1977 to FY 1978 and declined to .61% in FY 1979. This reflects a gain from FY 1977 to FY 1979 of .13 or a 27% increase in the American Indian share. * The American Indian share of all funds loaned rose from .42% in FY 1977 to .51% in FY 1978 to .58% in FY 1979, reflecting a gain from FY 1977 to FY 1979 of .16 or a 38% increase in the American Indian share of all funds loaned. * Although the number of loans to American Indians declined far more from FY 1978 to FY 1979 (-19.5%) than the national average (-15.2%), the amount of money loaned to American Indians actually increased (12.3%), contrary to the national experience which showed a decrease in the amount of all money loaned (-1.5%). * From FY 1977 to FY 1979, the number and amount of loans to American Indians increased 37.2% and 111.7% res- pectively compared with a 7.9% increase in loans to all borrowers and a 54.7% increase in funds loaned to all borrowers in the same time period. 3/ Report Code 891. "Distribution of Loans Made by Six Specified Types By Race or Ethnic Group." 11 Selected States We also reviewed the loan activity for the same six loans in the nine selected states with large American Indian populations. We found that: * The number of loans to American Indians increased by 607 or 74.7% from FY 1977 to FY 1978 and declined by 352 or 24.8% from FY 1978 to FY 1979. 'An overall gain of 255 loans or 31.4% was made between FY 1977 and FY 1979. The American Indian share or percent of all loans made in these states increased from 1.69% in FY 1977 to 2.24% in FY 1978 to 2.37% in FY 1979, reflecting an overall increase of .68 or 40.3% from FY 1977 to FY 1979. * The amount of money loaned to American Indians increased from FY 1977 to FY 1978 by $14,881,000 or 93.7% and from FY 1978 to FY 1979 by $2,904,000 or 9.4%. The overall increase in the amount of money loaned from 1977 to 1979 was $17,785,000 or 111.9%. The American Indian share of all funds loaned in the nine states increased from 1.43% in FY 1977 to 1.69% in FY 1978 to 1.87% in FY 1979, a 30.8% gain. The 31.4% increase in the number of loans made to American Indians from FY 1977-79 and the 111.9% increase in funds loaned to American Indians in these states compares favorably with the decrease in the number (-6%) and an increase in the amount of loans (+61.3%) made in the nine states, and on a national level where the increase in number of loans made to all borrowers was 7.9% and the increase in funds loaned to all borrowers was 54.7%. In terms of a percent increase in the number of loans made to American Indians from FY 1977 to FY 1979 in the nine selected states, New York ranked first with a 100% increase followed by Montana (+74.7%), Oklahoma, (+64.9%), North Dakota, (+54.3%), California (+30.7%), North Carolina (+29%), and Arizona (+3.9%). The number of loans provided to American Indians by New Mexico declined 5%. South Dakota's loans to American Indians declined 17.8%. Oklahoma had the greatest numerical increase (+112). * Montana (+244.5%) was the leader in terms of percent increase in the amount of money loaned to American Indians but again, Oklahoma was the biggest spender, increasing its loan activity to American Indians by $5,189,000. 12 V. APPLICATIONS AND LOANS TO AMERICAN INDIANS National Nationally, as a percent of all applications and generally of all loans made, American Indians fared best with respect to Farm Operating Loans. American Indians also received a large share of Emergency Loans, particularly in FY 1978. Their share of applications for and receipt of funds for Soil and Water Loans also increased substantially. It should be noted that Recreation Loans were generally reduced for all borrowers after FY 1978 and thus the lack of such loans to American Indians after FY 1978 should not be interpreted as significant. Selected States Arizona consistently received increased American Indian Applications but decreased its number and amount of loans to American Indians as a percent of all loans in the State. California's American Indian applica- tions as a share of all applications in the State increased in FY 1978 compared with FY 1977 and then declined in FY 1979. This pattern was repeated by the number and amount of loans to American Indians. In fact, as a share of all funds loaned by the State to all borrowers, the American Indian portion in FY 1979 dropped below that of FY 1977. In Montana for FY 1977 and FY 1978, the share of applications and the number of loans to American Indians remained static while funds declined slightly from FY 1977-78. From FY 1978-79, American Indian applications almost doubled as a share of all applications and there was an accompanying sharp increase in the number and amount of loans made to American Indians. New York received a far larger share of American Indian applications in FY 1977 than loans made to American Indians either in number or amount. But in FY 1979, applications and the number and amount of funds loaned to American Indians increased somewhat as a total share. The amount of loans made by New Mexico to American Indians consis- tently declined while the number of applications declined from FY 1977-78 and then rose to a higher share in FY 1979. The number of loans made rose in FY 1978, then fell in FY 1979 below that of FY 1977. Applications, number of loans and amount of loans to American Indians as a share of all applications, number and amount of loans in North Carolina all rose in FY 1978 compared with FY 1977, then fell in FY 1979, but not to the FY 1977 level. In North Dakota, while the American Indian share of applications fell in FY 1978 and then rose above FY 1977 in FY 1979, the number and amount of loans to American Indians rose substantially in FY 1978 and FY 1979, over the FY 1977 level. Oklahoma's applications, number and amount of loans all rose from FY 1977-79. South Dakota had the same experience. 13 VI. PROFILES OF SELECTED STATES The needs of American Indians in each of the nine selected states varies from state to state to the extent that a comparison of the activity of the six loans examined over several fiscal years may not be particularly meaningful unless examined within the context of American Indian need by state. Still, we thought that it would be interesting to do a state by state profile of the loan activity in the nine selected states and to compare it to the American Indian rural population in each state. All comparisons in the state profiles that follow are expressed as a percent of the total number of loans and amount of loans made in the state or the "American Indian share". The American Indian rural population is expressed as a percent of the total state rural population. Arizona In Arizona, with a rural American Indian population of about 16.4%, only one type of loan either in terms of number or amount was made in any fiscal year which met or exceeded what might be the appropriate American Indian share (16.4%). That was Operating Loans. And, while in fiscal years 1977-78-79, the number of such loans far exceeded the American Indian share, it was only in fiscal year 1977 that the amount of money loaned met or exceeded the appropriate American Indian share. The number and amount of money loaned to American Indians in fiscal year 1977 for Soil and Water Loans exceeded 9% of all Soil and Water Loans, but all other types of loans made to American Indians both in terms of number and amount were less than one-half of the expected American Indian share. In addition, the number and amount of all other loans declined each fiscal year with the exception of Rural Housing Loans which increased slightly each year both in number and amount. California California's American Indian rural population is 1% of total state rural population. In FY 1979 the number of Operating Loans made to American Indians exceeded the American Indian share by .3%. However, no other loans in any fiscal year met or exceeded the American Indian share. Loans for Farm Ownership were made to American Indians only in fiscal year 1978 and Emergency loans were made only in fiscal year 1979. No Soil and Water Loans or Recre- ation Loans were made to American Indians in the three fiscal years examined. Loans for Rural Housing never exceeded .5% of the total number and amount of loans made. Montana American Indians in Montana received in terms of numbers and/or amount a larger share than their population might indicate in four of the six types of loans, although this was true for only two types of loans (Operating Loans and Farm Ownership Loans) in all three fiscal years. Emergency loans were particularly strong in FY 1977. Rural Housing Loans were generally less than the expected American Indian share of 5%. 14 New Mexico New Mexico, with a rural American Indian population of 14.5% made only two types of loans to American Indians which exceeded 4.5% of the total number of loans made. These were Operating Loans and Soil and Water Loans. No Farm Ownership Loans or Recreation Loans were made to American Indians. Rural Housing Loans made to American Indians both in terms of numbers and amount declined each fiscal year. By FY 1979, Rural Housing Loans repre- sented only .7% of the total number and amount of loans made to the state. New York New York has an American Indian rural population of .3% of the state's total rural population. The number and amount of loans made to American Indians for Rural Housing showed the greatest increase from FY 1977-79, rising from .06% and .05% of total to .4% and .5% of the total number and amount of this type of loan made in the state. Other loans (Operating and Emergency) began above the American Indian share and declined and some were not made at all (Farm Ownership, Recreation Loans and Soil and Water Loans). North Carolina with 1% of the American Indian rural population, North Carolina made four types of loans to American Indians that exceeded 1% either in number and/or amount of the total number or amount of loans made in the State within at least one fiscal year. These loans were: Operating Loans in FY 1978; Emergency Loans in FY 1978 and FY 1979; in FY 1977, Farm Ownership Loans; and in FY 1977 and FY 1978, Rural Housing Loans. No Recreation Loans were made to American Indians. Soil and Water loans were minimal. Rural Housing Loans to American Indians declined from 1.2% of all loans made in the state in FY 1977 to 1.0% in FY 1979. North Dakota North Dakota with an American Indian rural population of 3% showed a great deal of strength both in number and amount of loans made to American Indians in three types of loans. These loans were: Operating Loans which in the three fiscal years rose from over 3% to 8.2% of total; Emergency Loans which rose from 2.2% (amount) to 10% of total; and Farm Ownership Loans which by FY 1979 were 3.4% of the total funds loaned. Except for Farm Ownership Loans which declined in FY 1978, the American Indian share of these loans steadily grew and increased each fiscal year. No Recreation Loans or Soil and Water Loans were made. Rural Housing Loans grew steadily in number and amount, reaching 2.4% in number and 2.2% in amount of the total state share. Oklahoma The rural American Indian population is 6% of the total rural population in Oklahoma. Recreation loans were the only type of FmHA loans of the six loans examined which were proportionate and in fact exceeded the expected American Indian share. Generally, the FY 1979 loan activity in terms of loan 15 number and amount exceeded that of FY 1977 with progressive increases each year in Operating Loans, Emergency Loans and Soil and Water Loans. Rural Housing Loans at the level of 3.8% (number) and 3.4% (amount) in FY 1979 were the strongest of all six loans in FY 1979, although few such loans were made in FY 1978. No Recreation loans were made to American Indians in Fiscal Year 1979. South Dakota Six percent of the rural population in South Dakota is American Indian. Only Operating Loans met or exceeded that percentage. The number and amount of these loans declined in FY 1978 from FY 1977 (from over 10% of total loans) and then rose to over 6% in FY 1979. Emergency Loans increased as a total share each fiscal year. Farm Ownership Loans remained fairly static at around 1.0 to 1.8% of total. Rural Housing Loans dipped in FY 1978 compared to FY 1977 and then rose to over 3% in FY 1979. No Soil and Water Loans were made in FY 1978 or FY 1979. No Recreation Loans were made in any of the three fiscal years examined. Applications of and Loans to American I ndians by Type of Loan Fiscal Years 1977, 1978 and 1979 (Shown as a Percent of Total Applications and Loans) 4 Applications Loans 3 16 2 1 0 FY 77 78 79 77 78 79 77 78 79 77 78 79 77 78 79 77 78 79 * OL EL FO RL S&W RH *No applications from American Indians for Recreation Loans for these fiscal years are recorded in the document "Applications for Initial Loans Received From Individuals, By Type of Loan and By Race or Ethnic Group". Number and Amount of Loans to American Indians and to All Borrowers Except American Indians by Type of Loan Loans To American Indians Loans to All Borrowers Except American Indians Percent 300 Number of Number of Loans Loans Amount of Amount of Loans Loans 200 17 100 0 -100 Change - FY 1977-1979 Change - FY 1977-1979 OL EL FO RL S&W RH Total OL EL FO RL S&W RH Total Profile of State Loans to American Indians by Type of Loan Fiscal Years 1977, 1978 and 1979 (Shown as a Percent of Total Loans Made by Type in State) Arizona 50 40 Number of Loans Amount of Loans 30 18 20 10 0 FY 77 78 79 77 78 79 77 78 79 77 78 79 77 78 79 77 78 79 Indian OL EL FO RL S&W RH Population Profile of State Loans to American Indians by Type of Loan Fiscal Years 1977, 1978 and 1979 (Shown as a Percent of Total Loans Made by Type in State) California 50 40 Number of Loans Amount of Loans 30 19 20 10 0 FY 77 78 79 77 78 79 77 78 79 77 78 79 77 78 79 77 78 79 Indian OL EL FO RL S&W RH Population Profile of State Loans to American Indians by Type of Loan Fiscal Years 1977, 1978 and 1979 (Shown as a Percent of Total Loans Made by Type in State) Montana 50 40 Number of Loans 20 Amount of Loans 30 20 10 0 FY 77 78 79 77 78 79 77 78 79 77 78 79 77 78 79 77 78 79 Indian OL EL FO RL S&W RH Population Profile of State Loans to American Indians by Type of Loan Fiscal Years 1977, 1978 and 1979 (Shown as a Percent of Total Loans Made by Type in State) New Mexico 50 40 Number of Loans Amount of 21 Loans 30 20 10 0 FY 77 78 79 77 78 79 77 78 79 77 78 79 77 78 79 77 78 79 Indian OL EL FO RL S&W RH Population Profile of State Loans to American Indians by Type of Loan Fiscal Years 1977, 1978 and 1979 (Shown as a Percent of Total Loans Made by Type in State) New York 50 40 Number of Loans 22 Amount of Loans 30 20 10 0 FY 77 78 79 77 78 79 77 78 79 77 78 79 77 78 79 77 78 79 Indian OL EL FO RL S&W RH Population Profile of State Loans to American Indians by Type of Loan Fiscal Years 1977, 1978 and 1979 (Shown as a Percent of Total Loans Made by Type in State) North Carolina 50 40 Number of Loans Amount of ME Loans 30 23 20 10 0 4 FY 77 78 79 77 78 79 77 78 79 77 78 79 77 78 79 77 78 79 Indian OL EL FO RL S&W RH Population Profile of State Loans to American Indians by Type of Loan Fiscal Years 1977, 1978 and 1979 (Shown as a Percent of Total Loans Made by Type in State) North Dakota 50 40 Number of Loans Amount of 24 Loans 30 20 10 0 FY 77 78 79 77 78 79 77 78 79 77 78 79 77 78 79 77 78 79 Indian OL EL FO RL S&W RH Population Profile of State Loans to American Indians by Type of Loan Fiscal Years 1977, 1978 and 1979 (Shown as a Percent of Total Loans Made by Type in State) Oklahoma 100f 50 40 Number of Loans Amount of K 25 Loans 30 20 10 0 FY 77 78 79 77 78 79 77 78 79 77 78 79 77 78 79 77 78 79 Indian OL EL FO RL S&W RH Population Profile of State Loans to American Indians by Type of Loan Fiscal Years 1977, 1978 and 1979 (Shown as a Percent of Total Loans Made by Type in State) South Dakota 50 40 Number of Loans Amount of Loans 26 30 20 10 0 FY 77 78 79 77 78 79 77 78 79 . 77 78 79 77 78 79 77 78 79 Indian OL EL FO RL S&W RH Population 27 APPLICATIONS FOR LOANS NATIONAL American Indians FY 1977-78 FY 1978-79 FY 1977-79 Numerical +584 +761 +1,345 Percent +29.7% +29.8% +68.4% Share +.08 +.22 +.3 All Potential Borrowers FY 1977-78 FY 1978-79 FY 1977-79 Numerical +48,442 -33,706 +14,736 Percent +11.9% -7.4% +3.6% All Potential Borrowers Excluding American Indians FY 1977-78 FY 1978-79 FY 1977-79 Numerical +47,858 -34,467 +13,391 Percent +11.8% -7.6% +3.3% Share -.8 -.22 -.3 SELECTED STATES American Indians FY 1977-78 FY 1978-79 FY 1977-79 Numerical +492 +509 +1,001 Percent +31.8% +25% +64.7% Share +.41 +1.02 +1.43 28 SELECTED STATES All Potential Borrowers FY 1977-78 FY 1978-79 FY 1977-79 Numerical +5,758 -14,916 -9,158 Percent +6.4% -15.6% -10.2% All Potential Borrowers Excluding American Indians FY 1977-78 FY 1978-79 FY 1977-79 Numerical +5,266 -15,425 -10,159 Percent +5.95% -16.44% -11.47% Share -.41 -1.02 -1.43 29 LOANS NATIONAL American Indians - Number FY 1977-78 FY 1978-79 FY 1977-79 Numerical +704 -332 +372 Percent +70.5% -19.5% +37.2% Share +.17 -.04 +.13 American Indians - Amount FY 1977-78 FY 1978-79 FY 1977-79 Amount (000's) +$17,474 +$4,583 +$22,057 Percent +88.5% +12.3% +111.7% Share +.09 +.07 +.16 All Borrowers - Number FY 1977-78 FY 1978-79 FY 1977-79 Numerical +56,426 -40,089 +16,337 Percent +27.3% -15.2% +7.9% All Borrowers - Amount FY 1977-78 FY 1978-79 FY 1977-79 Amount (000's) +$2,669,401 -$112,808 +$2,556,593 Percent +57.2% -1.5% +54.7% 30 LOANS - NATIONAL All Borrowers Excluding American Indians - Number FY 1977-78 FY 1978-79 FY 1977-79 Numerical +55,722 -39,757 +15,965 Percent +27% -15.2% +7.8% Share -.16 +.03 +.13 All Borrowers Excluding American Indians - Amount FY 1977-78 FY 1978-79 FY 1977-79 Amount (000's) +$2,651,927 +$117,391 +$2,534,536 Percent +57% -1.3% +54.5% Share -.08 -.07 -.15 SELECTED STATES American Indians - Number FY 1977-78 FY 1978-79 FY 1977-79 Numerical +607 -352 +255 Percent +74.7% -24.8% +31.4% Share +.55 +.13 +.68 American Indians - Amount FY 1977-78 FY 1978-79 FY 1977-79 Amount (000's) +$14,881 +$2,904 +$17,785 Percent +93.7% +9.4% +111.9% Share +.26 +.18 +.44 31 LOANS - SELECTED STATES All Borrowers - Number FY 1977-78 FY 1978-79 FY 1977-79 Numerical +15,567 -18,465 -2,898 Percent +32.4% -29% -6% All Borrowers - Amount FY 1977-78 FY 1978-79 FY 1977-79 Amount (000's) +$704,072 -$18,829 -$685,243 Percent +63% -1% +61.3% All Borrowers Excluding American Indians - Number FY 1977-78 FY 1978-79 FY 1977-79 Numerical +14,960 -18,113 -3,153 Percent +31.6% -29.1% -6.7% Share +.55 +.13 +.68 All Borrowers Excluding American Indians - Amount FY 1977-78 FY 1978-79 FY 1977-79 Amount (000's) +$689,191 -$12,733 +$667,458 Percent +62.6% +1.22% +60.6% Share -.26 -.18 -.44 32 AMERICAN INDIAN APPLICATIONS FOR EIGHT FmHA LOANS - TOTAL National Difference FY 1977 FY 1978 FY 1979 FY 77-79 Number Number Number Number 1,967 2,551 3,312 +1,345 % of Total % of Total % of Total % of Total Applications Applications Applications Applications .49 .57 .79 +.3 33 AMERICAN INDIAN APPLICATIONS FOR EIGHT FmHA LOANS - BY PROGRAM National Difference Program FY 1977 FY 1978 FY 1979 FY 77-79 % of % of % of % of Total Total Total Total # Applications # Applications # Applications # Applications erating Loans 289 1% 362 1% 516 1.3% +227 +.3% Emergency Loans 331 .8% 467 .8% 394 .8% + 63 0 rm Ownership Loans 120 .4% 103 .3% 221 .6% +101 . -.1% creation Loans 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 il & Water Loans 24 .4% 17 .4% 31 .9% + 7 0 ral Housing Loans 1,200 .4% 1,590 .5% 2,148 .8% +948 +.1% ral Rental Housing Loans 2 .2% 9 .7% 1 .1% - 1 +.5% bor Housing Loans 1 .5% 3 1.4% 1 .2% 0 -.3% TAL 1,967 .49% 2,511 .57% 3,312 .79% +1,345 +.3% 34 AMERICAN INDIAN APPLICATIONS FOR EIGHT FmHA LOANS IN NINE SELECTED STATES Difference FY 1977 FY 1978 FY 1979 FY 77-79 % of % of % of % of Total Total Total Total Applications Applications Applications Application # in State # in State # in State # in State Arizona 114 3.2% 164 4% 380 9% +266 +5.8% Pop: 83,198 (16.4%) California 16 .5% 76 1.5% 42 .7% + 26 + .2% Pop: 26,318 (1%) Montana 141 4.7% 156 4.6% 204 8.6% + 63 +3.9% Pop: 23,600 (5%) New York 84 .7% 10 .1% 59 .5% - 25 - .2% Pop: 9,672 (.3%) New Mexico 50 1.6% 37 1.2% 52 1.9% + 2 + .3% Pop: 63,977 (14.6%) North Carolina 545 1.6% 620 1.9% 477 1.7% - 68 + .1% Pop: 37,828 (1%) North Dakota 223 3.3% 211 2.7% 245 4.2% + 22 + .9% Pop: 12,940 (3%) Oklahoma 180 1.2% 601 4% 816 5.6% +636 +4.4% Pop: 64,212 (6%) South Dakota 194 2% 164 2.2% 273 5.1% + 79 +3.1% Pop: 28,788 (6%) TOTAL 1,547 1.72% 2,039 2.13% 2,548 3.15% +1,001 +1,43% % of Total Applications Made by American 78.65% 79.93% 76.94% Indians in all Reporting States 35 APPLICATIONS FOR INITIAL LOANS RECEIVED FROM AMERICAN INDIANS BY STATE F/T INDIAN COORDINATOR STATE ARIZONA FY 1977 FY 1978 FY 1979 %* of Total Apps For Type of TYPE OF LOAN NUMBER LOAN IN STATE NUMBER %* NUMBER %* OPERATING LOANS (OL) 29 (189) 15.3% 59 (221) 26.7% 45 (227) 19.8% EMERGENCY LOANS (6) 10 (285) 3.5% 29 (516) 5.6% (Initial & Subsequent FARM OWNERSHIP LOANS (166) 2 (158) 1.3% 1 (183) .5% (FO) RECREATION LOANS (RL) (1) 0 (1) 0 0 SOIL & WATER LOANS 3 (37) 8.1% 1 (37) 2.7% 1 (37) 2.7% (S&W) RURAL HOUSING LOANS 81 (3,187) 2.5% 91 (3,319) 2.7% 304 (3,226) 9.4% (RHT RURAL RENTAL HOUSING 1 (11) 9.1% 1 (15) 6.7 0 (10) LOANS (RRH) ABOR HOUSING LOANS (5) 0 (6) 0 (8) (LH) 114 (3,602) 3.2% 164 (4,042) 4.0% 380 (4,207) 9.0% 36 APPLICATIONS FOR INITIAL LOANS RECEIVED FROM AMERICAN INDIANS BY STATE STATE CALIFORNIA FY 1977 FY 1978 FY 1979 %* of Total Apps For Type of TYPE OF LOAN NUMBER LOAN IN STATE NUMBER %* NUMBER %* PERATING LOANS (OL) 1 (285) .4% 1 (385) .3% 5 (487) 1.0% EMERGENCY LOANS (290) (474) 1 (1,413) .1% (Initial & Subsequent ARM OWNERSHIP LOANS (255) (371) (559) (FO) RECREATION LOANS (RL) (3) (1) (5) SOIL & WATER LOANS (189) (97) (105) (S&W) RURAL HOUSING LOANS 15 (2,277) .7% 75 (3,858) 2.0% 36 (3,550) 1.0% (RH) RURAL RENTAL HOUSING (13) (14) (57) LOANS (RRH) LABOR HOUSING LOANS (0) (0) (6) (LH) 16 (3,282) .5% 76 (5,200) 1.5% 42 (6,182) .7% 37 APPLICATIONS FOR INITIAL LOANS RECEIVED FROM AMERICAN INDIANS BY STATE STATE MONTANA FY 1977 FY 1978 FY 1979 %* of Total Apps For Type of TYPE OF LOAN NUMBER LOAN IN STATE NUMBER %* NUMBER %* OPERATING LOANS (OL) 34 (242) 14.0% 25 (248) 10.1% 51 (321) 15.9% EMERGENCY LOANS 15 (423) 3.6% 52 (932) 5.6% 57 (256) 22.3% (Initial & Subsequent FARM OWNERSHIP LOANS 34 (405) 8.4% 28 (322) 8.7% 32 (347) 9.2% (FO) RECREATION LOANS (RL) (3) (2) (1) SOIL & WATER LOANS 8 (145) 5.5% 5 (77) 6.5% 2 (45) 4.5% (S&W) RURAL HOUSING LOANS 50 (1,755) 2.9% 46 (1,795) 2.6% 62 (1,395) 4.5% (RH) RURAL RENTAL HOUSING (12) (9) (6) LOANS (RRH) LABOR HOUSING LOANS (2) (5) (LH) 141 (2,985) 4.7% 156 (3,387) 4.6% 240 (2,376) 8.6% 38 APPLICATIONS FOR INITIAL LOANS RECEIVED FROM AMERICAN INDIANS BY STATE STATE NEW YORK FY 1977 FY 1978 FY 1979 %* of Total Apps For Type of TYPE OF LOAN NUMBER LOAN IN STATE NUMBER %* NUMBER %* OPERATING LOANS (OL) 2 (849) .2% (1,088) 5 (1,204) .4% EMERGENCY LOANS 1 (781) .1% 2 (5,554) .0% 1 (973) .1% (Initial & Subsequent FARM OWNERSHIP LOANS (672) (828) 2 (951) .2% (FO) RECREATION LOANS (RL) (4) (4) (3) SOIL & WATER LOANS (211) (177) (72) (S&W) RURAL HOUSING LOANS 81 (9,460) .9% 8 (8,302) .1% 51 (8,548) .6% (RH) RURAL RENTAL HOUSING (23) (21) (15) LOANS (RRH) LABOR HOUSING LOANS (2) (2) (2) (LH) 84 (12,002) .7% 10 (15,976) .1% 59 (11,768) .5% 39 APPLICATIONS FOR INITIAL LOANS RECEIVED FROM AMERICAN INDIANS BY STATE STATE NEW MEXICO FY 1977 FY 1978 FY 1979 %* of Total Apps For Type of TYPE OF LOAN NUMBER LOAN IN STATE NUMBER %* NUMBER %* OPERATING LOANS (OL) 13 (185) 7.0% 12 (260) 4.6% 24 (269) 9.0% EMERGENCY LOANS 14 (131) 10.7% 5 (280) 1.8% 3 (200) 1.5% (Initial & Subsequent FARM OWNERSHIP LOANS (174) (263) (250) (FO) RECREATION LOANS (RL) SOIL & WATER LOANS (62) 1 (50) 2.0% 4 (35) 11.4 (S&W) RURAL HOUSING LOANS 23 (2,597) .9% 19 (2,446) .8% 21 (2,169) 1.0% (RH) RURAL RENTAL HOUSING (3) (8) (1) LOANS (RRH) LABOR HOUSING LOANS (LH) 50 (3,152) 1.6% 37 (3,307) 1.2% 52 (2,897) 1.9% 40 APPLICATIONS FOR INITIAL LOANS RECEIVED FROM AMERICAN INDIANS BY STATE STATE NORTH CAROLINA FY 1977 FY 1978 FY 1979 %* of Total Apps For Type of TYPE OF LOAN NUMBER LOAN IN STATE NUMBER %* NUMBER %* OPERATING LOANS (OL) 44 (2,540) 1.7% 64 (1,991) 3.2% 20 (2,011) 1.0% EMERGENCY LOANS 135 (3,790) 3.6% 222 (5,347) 4.2% 131 (2,673) 5.0% (Initial & Subsequent FARM OWNERSHI, LOANS 30 (1,714) 1.8% (1,376) 23 (1,579) 1.5% (FO) RECREATION LOANS (RL) (13) (15) (13) SOIL & WATER LOANS (106) 1 (126) .8% 1 (79) 1.3 (S&W) RURAL HOUSING LOANS 336 (25,300) 1.3% 333 (24,619) 1.4% 302 (21,510) 1.4% (RH) RURAL RENTAL HOUSING (14) (31) (28) LOANS (RRH) LABOR HOUSING LOANS (3) (3) (16) (LH) 545 (33,480) 1.6% 620 (33,508) 1.9% 477 (27,909) 1.7% 41 APPLICATIONS FOR INITIAL LOANS RECEIVED FROM AMERICAN INDIANS BY STATE STATE NORTH DAKOTA FY 1977 FY 1978 FY 1979 %* of Total Apps For Type of TYPE OF LOAN NUMBER LOAN IN STATE NUMBER %* NUMBER %* OPERATING LOANS (OL) 42 (829) 5.1% 44 (1,031) 4.2% 68 (1,180) 5.8% EMERGENCY LOANS 82 (2,286) 3.6% 80 (3,137) 2.6% 46 (889) 5.2% (Initial & Subsequent FARM OWNERSHIP LOANS 16 (1,171) 1.4% 12 (1,209) 1.0% 34 (1,459) 2.3% (FO) RECREATION LOANS (RL) (1) (2) SOIL & WATER LOANS (56) (18) (22) (S&W) RURAL HOUSING LOANS 83 (2,391) 3.5% 75 (2,473) 3.0% 97 (2,233) 4.4% (RH) RURAL RENTAL HOUSING (30) (31) (8) LOANS (RRH) LABOR HOUSING LOANS (0) (1) (0) (LH) 223 (6,763) 3.3% 211 (7,901) 2.7% 245 (5,793) 4.2% 42 APPLICATIONS FOR INITIAL LOANS RECEIVED FROM AMERICAN INDIANS BY STATE STATE OKLAHOMA FY 1977 FY 1978 FY 1979 %* of Total Apps For Type of TYPE OF LOAN NUMBER LOAN IN STATE NUMBER %* NUMBER %* OPERATING LOANS (OL) 16 (1,157) 1.4% 39 (1,042) 3.8% 59 (1,323) 4.5% EMERGENCY LOANS 2 (476) .4% 7 (951) .7% 86 (2,259) 3.8% (Initial & Subsequent FARM OWNERSHIP LOANS 13 (1,192) 1.1% 37 (1,230) 3.0% 51 (1,750) 3.0m (FO) RECREATION LOANS (RL) (2) SOIL & WATER LOANS (111) 2 (99) 2.0% 2 (70) 2.9 (S&W) RURAL HOUSING LOANS 147 (12,236) 1.2% 511 (11,856) 4.3% 617 (9,081) 6.8 (RH) RURAL RENTAL HOUSING 1 (11) 9.1% 5 (55) 9.1% (9) LOANS (RRH) LABOR HOUSING LOANS 1 (1) 100.0% (9) 1 (10) 10.0% (LH) 180 (15,186) 1.2% 601 (15,242) 4.0% 816 (14,502) 5.6% 43 APPLICATIONS FOR INITIAL LOANS RECEIVED FROM AMERICAN INDIANS BY STATE STATE SOUTH DAKOTA FY 1977 FY 1978 FY 1979 %* of Total Apps For Type of TYPE OF LOAN NUMBER LOAN IN STATE NUMBER %* NUMBER %* OPERATING LOANS (OL) 66 (561) 11.4% 61 (1,062) 5.8% 134 (1,264) 10.6% EMERGENCY LOANS 50 (4,996) 1.0% 54 (2,175) 2.5% 3 (295) 1.0% (Initial & Subsequent FARM OWNERSHIP LOANS 14 (729) 2.0% 11 (1,049) 1.1% 32 (1,192) 2.7% (FO) RECREATION LOANS (RL) (1) (2) SOIL & WATER LOANS 7 (147) 4.8% (38) 2 (28) 7.2% (S&W) RURAL HOUSING LOANS 57 (3,328) 1.7% 38 (2,984) 1.3% 102 (2,562) 4.0% (RH) RURAL RENTAL HOUSING (40) (48) (49) LOANS (RRH) LABOR HOUSING LOANS (0) (1) (0) (LH) 194 (9,802) 2.0% 164 (7,359) 2.2% 273 (5,390) 5.1% 44 COMPARISON OF INCREASES IN NUMBER AND AMOUNT OF SIX TYPES OF LOANS MADE FROM FY 1977-1979 Borrowers Number Amount American Indians in Nine Selected States +31.4% +111.9% All American Indians +37.2% +111.7% All Borrowers in Nine Selected States -6% +61.3% All Borrowers in All Reporting States +7.9% +54.7% 45 COMPARISON OF PERCENT OF CHANGE IN AMOUNT AND NUMBER OF SIX TYPES OF LOANS TO AMERICAN INDIANS IN NINE SELECTED STATES Number of Loans Change State FY 77 FY 78 FY 79 FY 77-78 FY 78-79 FY 77-79 Arizona 103 103 107 N/C +3.9% +3.9% California 13 13 17 N/C +30.7% +30.7% Montana 75 133 131 +77.4% -1.5% +74.7% New York 8 8 16 N/C +100% +100% New Mexico 20 34 19 +70% -44% -5% North Carolina 122 408 157 +234.4% -61.5% +29% North Dakota 127 284 196 +123.6% -31% +54.3% Oklahoma 165 211 277 +28% +31.3% +67.9% South Dakota 180 226 148 +25.6% +34.5% -17.8% Total 813 1,420 1,068 +74.7% -24.8% +31.4% Share 1.69 2.24 2.37 +.55 +.13 +.68 Amount of Loans (000's) Change State FY 77 FY 78 FY 79 FY 77-78 FY 78-79 FY 77-79 Arizona 1,806 2,017 3,729 +11.7% +85% +106.5% California 334 385 842 +15.3% +118.7% +152.1% Montana 1,359 3,717 4,682 +173.5% +26% +244.5% New York 197 216 478 +9.7% +121.3% +142.6% New Mexico 356 306 276 -14.1% -9.8% -22.5% North Carolina 2,414 6,118 3,753 +153.4% -38.7% +55.5% North Dakota 2,371 7,217 6,687 +204.4% -7.4% +182% Oklahoma 3,179 4,646 8,338 +195% +79.5% +164.5% South Dakota 3,905 6,150 4,891 +57.5% -20.5% 25.3% Total 15,891 30,772 33,676 +93.7% +9.4% +111.9% Share 1.43 1.69 1.87 +.26 +.18 +.44 DISTRIBUTION OF LOANS MADE TO AMERICAN INDIANS BY SIX TYPES (Includes Initial & Subsequent Loans) * % of total loans for type STATE ARIZONIA given in state. FY 1977 FY 1978 FY 1979 %* Amount of total TYPE OF LOAN NUMBER (000's) Loans Made NUMBER Amount %* NUMBER Amount %* (178) (3,594) (194) (4,596) (137) (3,824) OPERATING (OL) 68 1,019 38.2 28.4 55 493 28 10.7 38 245 27.7 6.4 (6) (876) (280) (24,857) (685) (106,817) EMERGENCY (EL) 14 785 5 3.2 20 1,971 3 1.9 (56) (3,451) (71) (4,090) (58) (5,729) ARM OWNERSHIP (FO) (1) (8) RECREATION (RL) (27) (1,394) (27) (808) (28) (1,708) SOIL & WATER (S&W) 3 133 11.1 9.6 1 18 3.6 1.1 (1,140) (22,660) (1,154) (22,508) (1,235) (26,852) RURAL HOUSING (RH) 32 654 2.8 2.9 34 739 3 3.3 48 1,495 3.9 5.6 (1,408) (31,983) (1,729) (54,869) (2,143) (144,929) TOTAL 103 1,806 7.3 5.6 103 2,017 6 3.6 107 3,729 5 2.6 DISTRIBUTION OF LOANS MADE TO AMERICAN INDIANS BY SIX TYPES (Includes Initial & Subsequent Loans) * % of total loans for type STATE CALIFORNIA given in state. FY 1977 FY 1978 FY 1979 %* Amount of total PE OF LOAN NUMBER (000's) Loans Made NUMBER Amount %* NUMBER Amount %* (340) (6,945) (390) (8,512) (316) (10,496) ERATING (OL) 1 29 .3 .4 1 4 .3 .05 4 65 1.3 .6 (255) (12,968) (72) (110,330) 4 476(1,756) (425,029) ERGENCY (EL) .2 .1 (85) (5,154) (125) (7,387) (124) (9,692) RM OWNERSHIP (FO) 1 53 .8 .7 (3) (114) (1) (94) CREATION (RL) (54) (982) (72) (1,846) (46) (1,752) IL & WATER (S&W) (2,984) (73,744) 11 329 (2,363) (63,846) (2,524) (79,251 IRAL HOUSING (RH) 12 205 .4 .3 .5 .5 9 301 .4 .4 (3,721) (99,007) (3,678) (192,016) (4,766) (526,220 TOTAL 13 344 .4 .3 13 385 .1 .2 17 842 .4 .2 DISTRIBUTION OF LOANS MADE TO AMERICAN INDIANS BY SIX TYPES (Includes Initial & Subsequent Loans) * % of total loans for type STATE MONTANA given in state. FY 1977 FY 1978 FY 1979 %* Amount of total PE OF LOAN NUMBER (000's) Loans Made NUMBER Amount %* NUMBER Amount %* (461) (6,550) (484) (7,100) 41 1,029 (420) (10,470) ERATING (OL) 45 352 9.8 5.4 50 504 10.3 7.1 9.8 9.8 (55) (1,673) (1,373) (82,698) (402) (30,927) ERGENCY (EL) 2 308 3.6 18.4 59 2,513 4.3 3.1 49 2,405 12.2 7.8 (142) (8,296) (143) (9,495) (146) (12,014) RM OWNERSHIP (FO) 10 301 7.1 3.6 8 332 5.6 3.5 18 759 12.3 6.3 (1) (100) (2) (95) CREATION (RL) (68) (1,146) (72) (1,892) 2 23 (38) (991) IL & WATER (S&W) 1 15 1.5 1.3 5 106 7 5.6 5.3 2.3 (905) (22,607) (808) (22,151) (820) (21,926) IRAL HOUSING (RH) 17 384 1.9 1.7 11 262 1.4 1.2 21 466 2.6 2.1 (1,631) (40,272) (2,881) (123,436) (1,828) (76,423 TOTAL 75 1,359 4.6 3.4 133 3,717 4.6 3.0 131 4,682 7.2 6.1 DISTRIBUTION OF LOANS MADE TO AMERICAN INDIANS BY SIX TYPES (Includes Initial & Subsequent Loans) * % of total loans for type STATE NEW MEXICO given in state. FY 1977 FY 1978 FY 1979 %* Amount of total 'PE OF LOAN NUMBER (000's) Loans Made NUMBER Amount %* NUMBER Amount %* (243) (3,361) (315) (5,683) (225) (6,576) ERATING (OL) 8 68 3.3 2.0 11 26 3.5 .5 12 130 5.3 2.0 (50) (1,227) (379) (17,165) (236) (19,300) IERGENCY (EL) 16 92 4.2 .5 (91) (3,802) (111) (5,790) (116) (7,238) RM OWNERSHIP (FO) CREATION (RL) (29) (37) (32) (377) 1 3 (22) (692) IL & WATER (S&W) 4.6 .4 (908) (17,174) 7 188 (885) (18,335) (926) (21,763 IRAL HOUSING (RH) 12 287 1.3 1.7 .8 1.0 6 143 .7 .7 (1,321) (26,035) (1,722) (47,351) (1,525) (55,569) TOTAL 20 356 1.5 1.4 34 306 2.0 .7 19 276 1.3 .5 DISTRIBUTION OF LOANS MADE TO AMERICAN INDIANS BY SIX TYPES (Includes Initial & Subsequent Loans) * % of total loans for type STATE NEW YORK given in state. FY 1977 FY 1978 FY 1979 %* Amount of total 'PE OF LOAN NUMBER (000's) Loans Made NUMBER Amount %* NUMBER Amount %* (960) (14,567) (948) (17,962) (732) (21,227) ERATING (OL) 2 63 .2 .4 1 50 .1 .3 1 4 .1 .02 (772) (19,972) (5,897) (174,742) (1,267) (37,251) ERGENCY (EL) 3 83 .4 .4 5 147 .08 .08 (222) (8,339) (260) (10,553) (298) (14,497) RM OWNERSHIP (FO) (3) (44) (4) (175) (2) (71) CREATION (RL) (176) (3,368) (124) (2,815) (63) (1,586) IL & WATER (S&W) (4,715) (101,213) (4,491) (104,137) , (4,200) (100,475) RAL HOUSING (RH) 3 51 .06 .05 2 20 .05 .02 15 474 .4 .5 (6,848) (147,503) (11,724) (310,383) (6,562) (175,088) TOTAL 8 197 .1 .1 8 216 .1 .1 16 478 .3 .3 DISTRIBUTION OF LOANS MADE TO AMERICAN INDIANS BY SIX TYPES (Includes Initial & Subsequent Loans) * % of total loans for type STATE NORTH CAROLINA given in state. FY 1977 FY 1978 FY 1979 %* Amount of total (PE OF LOAN NUMBER (000's) Loans Made NUMBER Amount %* NUMBER Amount %* (3,107) (31,973) (3,145) (37,912) (2,711) (43,829) ERATING (OL) 24 260 .8 .8 49 420 1.6 1.1 20 231 .7 .5 (973) (21,107) (7,700) (169,661) (2,725) (68,496) MERGENCY (EL) 8 147 .8 .7 282 4,013 3.7 2.4 71 1,894 2.6 2.8 (498) (13,994) (456) (16,788) (514) (22, 57) ARM OWNERSHIP (FO) 9 300 1.9 2.1 1 72 .2 .4 4 109 .8 .5 (10) (449) (8) (365) (6) (232) ECREATION (RL) (98) (703) 1 1 (124) (1,048) (76) (674) DIL & WATER (S&W) .8 .1 (6,678) (145,564) (6,641) (151,355) , (6,696) (156,107 URAL HOUSING (RH) 81 1,707 1.2 1.2 75 1,611 1.2 1.1 62 1,519 1.0 1.0 (11,664) (213,789) (18,074) (377,129) (12,728) (291,995 TOTAL 122 2,414 1.1 1.1 408 6,118 2.3 1.6 157 3,753 1.2 1.3 DISTRIBUTION OF LOANS MADE TO AMERICAN INDIANS BY SIX TYPES (Includes Initial & Subsequent Loans) * % of total loans for type STATE NORTH DAKOTA given in state. FY 1977 FY 1978 FY 1979 %* Amount of total PE OF LOAN NUMBER (000's) Loans Made NUMBER Amount %* NUMBER Amount %* (973) (14,383) (1,406) (22.992) (944) (26,350) ERATING (OL) 31 449 3.2 3.1 52 832 3.7 3.6 73 2,153 7.7 8.2 (2,107) (64,333) (5,748) (202,088) (1,041) (30,266) ERGENCY (EL) 68 1,435 3.2 2.2 207 5,798 3.6 2.9 81 3,028 7.8 10.0 (419) (17,702) (383) (18,575) (450) (25,705) RM OWNERSHIP (FO) 6 103 1.4 .6 3 98 .8 .5 18 884 4.0 3.4 (1) (69) CREATION (P.L) (27) (723) (9) (452) (15) (617) IL & WATER (S&W) (1,100) (26,211) (1,048) (28,769) (998) (28,633) IRAL HOUSING (RH) 22 384 2.0 1.5 22 490 2.1 1.7 24 623 2.4 2.2 (4,626) (123,352) (8,595) (272,945) (3,488) (111,572 - TOTAL 127 2,371 2.7 1.9 284 7,217 3.3 2.7 196 6,687 5.6 6.0 DISTRIBUTION OF LOANS MADE TO AMERICAN INDIANS BY SIX TYPES (Includes Initial & Subsequent Loans) * % of total loans for type STATE OKLAHOMA given in state. FY 1977 FY 1978 FY 1979 %* Amount of total PE OF LOAN NUMBER (000's) Loans Made NUMBER Amount %* NUMBER Amount %* (1,488) (17,759) (1,692) (26,809) (1,116) (29.937) ERATING (OL) 24 215 1.6 1.2 43 577 2.6 2.2 38 831 3.4 2.8 (310) (9,059) (865) (59,501) (3,192) (155,420) ERGENCY (EL) 1 13 .3 .2 5 263 .6 .5 97 3,986 3.0 2.6 (508) (19,444) (530) (22,038) (604) (29,632) RM OWNERSHIP (FO) 12 419 2.4 2.2 13 609 2.5 2.8 14 837 2.3 2.8 (1) (80) (3) (135) (1) (48) CREATION (RL) 1 80 100 100 1 11 33.3 8.2 (100) (1,507) (95) (1,213) (46) (1,027) IL & WATER (S&W) 1 1 1.1 .1 1 7 2.2 .7 (4,669) (95,964) (4,080) (91,918) (3,371) (80,031) RAL HOUSING (RH) 127 2,422 2.7 2.5 1 148 .03 .2 127 2,677 3.8 3.4 (17,076) (143,814) (7,265) (200,615) (8,330) (296,096) TOTAL 165 3,149 2.3 2.2 211 4,646 3.0 2.3 277 8,338 3.3 2.8 DISTRIBUTION OF LOANS MADE TO AMERICAN INDIANS BY SIX TYPES (Includes Initial & Subsequent Loans) * % of total loans for type STATE SOUTH DATOKA given in state. FY 1977 FY 1978 FY 1979 %* Amount of total TYPE OF LOAN NUMBER (000's) Loans Made NUMBER Amount %* NUMBER Amount %* (680) (10,360) (1,649) (25,207) (1,218) (32,876' OPERATING (OL) 67 1,119 9.9 10.8 57 852 3.5 3.4 63 2,226 5.2 6.8 (6,969) (222,931) (4,498) (159,008) (831) (31,168 EMERGENCY (EL) 75 2,023 1.1 .9 146 4,781 3.3 3.0 34 1,276 4.1 4.1 (410) (18,847) (396) (20,656) (459) (27,413) FARM OWNERSHIP (FO) 6 293 1.5 1.6 4 164 1.0 .8 8 427 1.8 1.6 (2) (69) RECREATION (RL) (135) (4,847) (36) (732) (18) (6) SOIL & WATER (S&W) 4 70 3.0 1.5 (1,619) (35,153) (1,426) (34,834) (1,314) (32,414 RURAL HOUSING (RH) 28 401 1.7 1.2 19 353 1.3 1.0 43 962 3.3 3.0 (9,813) (291,414) (8,007) (240,507) , (3,840) (124,52 TOTAL 180 3,905 1.8 1.4 226 6,150 2.8 2.6 148 4,891 3.9 4.0 +@++++++++++++++++++++ ++++++++++++++++++++++ XXXXXXXXXXXXX