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A Giant Step for Child Care How the CCAC-Indiana Symposium on Child Care Financing Launched Business- Community Initiatives CCAC A report of Child Care Action Campaign 330 Seventh Avenue New York, New York 10001 A Giant Step for Child Care How the CCAC-Indiana Symposium on Child Care Financing Launched Business- Community Initiatives By Gail Richardson with Minerva Novero CCAC A report of Child Care Action Campaign 330 Seventh Avenue New York, New York 10001 Child Care Action Campaign The Child Care Action Campaign's mission is to stimu- late and support the development of policies and pro- grams that will increase the availability of quality, affordable child care for the benefit of children, their families, and the economic well-being of the nation. To accomplish this, CCAC provides information and original research to parents, the general public, and to government and corporate policy makers about the needs of families and children. CCAC emphasizes the connection between these needs and the nation's pros- perity, and advocates for additional investment in child care by employers, by labor, and by federal, state, and local governments. Printed by Indiana Family and Social Services Administration. Contents A Giant Step for Child Care: How the CCAC-Indiana Symposium on Child Care Financing Launched Business-Community Initiatives Acknowledgements 1 Overview 4 Business-Community Partnerships on the Front Lines: CCAC's Child Care Financing Symposia 7 Step Ahead and the Origins of the Indiana Symposium 8 A Three-tier Framework for Action 9 The Indiana Symposium 11 Bringing Local Employers to the Table: Lessons Learned by Symposium Teams 17 The Indiana Child Care Fund and the Snowball Effect Boxes 2 Miami County Opens One Center-and Begins Work on Another 3 Lessons Learned in Bartholomew County 5 LaPorte County Establishes a Loan Fund for Family Child Care Providers 6 Step Ahead Improves Child Care in Indiana 10 Two Routes to Child Care Support in the a Company 11 How to Use Your 15 Minutes with a CEO 12 Not Too Small to Care: Small Business Champions of Child Care 13 Marion County Attracts Philanthropic Support 14 A Mentor Helps Fulton County 15 Friendly Persasion in Newton and Benton Counties 16 In-Kind Donations in Howard County Appendices 20 County-by-County Results of the Symposium Project 21 Map: Counties Participating in the Symposium Project 22 Table: Indiana Symposium on Child Care Financing: A Framework for Action 23 Symposium Planning and Implementation Committee Members 24 Private Sector Sponsors of the Symposium 24 Corporate Mentors to County Teams 24 Symposium Presenters 24 County Team Coordinators 25 CCAC Board of Directors 26 CCAC Staff Acknowledgements Child Care Action Campaign gratefully acknowledges the many indi- viduals, organizations, companies, and public agencies, predomi- nantly in Indiana, who have contributed to the success of the Indiana Child Care Financing Symposium and the projects it has launched. Mrs. Susan Bayh, First Lady of Indiana, and Mrs. Charlene Lugar, wife of U.S. Senator Richard Lugar, endowed the Symposium with vision and leadership. As co-chairs of the Symposium they affirmed the significance of good quality child care to the people of Indiana and provided invaluable support. Cheryl Sullivan, Secretary, Indiana Family and Social Services Administration (FSSA), wisely guided the project's evolution and ensured its broad impact. Thanks to Jerry Musich, Executive Director, Indiana Donors Alliance, the Indiana Child Care Fund, created during the Symposium project to provide private sector support to child care initiatives, has found a permanent home. Carole Stein, Senior Policy Analyst, Office of Planning, Innovations, and Government Relations, FSSA, has inspired, organized, and as- sisted all project participants in Indiana and has made a whole out of many parts. Without her skills and dedication, the Symposium would not have happened. Barbara Anderson, consultant, helped build corporate support for the Symposium. Erin Deemer of the Yale Bush Center in Child Development and Social Policy, brought expertise in business man- agement and child care to the development of the Symposium agen- da and the CCAC slide show presentation. The many individuals and companies who contributed to the project as advisers, sponsors, mentors, Symposium presenters, and coordina- tors of county teams have put the ideas of the Symposium into action. They are listed on pages 20-21. The David and Lucile Packard Foundation provided critical support to CCAC for organizing the Indiana Symposium. Overview One morning last winter, in the heartland of Indiana, Rita Fearnow pinned a bright orange tag on her lapel before setting out to work as Operations Consultant for McDonald's Cor- poration in Indiana. Bearing the message, "Orange you glad I have child care?" Fearnow was one of hundreds of working par- ents in Howard County who observed "Orange Day" to show how many employees depend on child care and why firms have a bottom-line interest in the issue. In neighboring Miami County, private sector leadership and contributions by a local utility, a hospital, four small firms and the Peru Daily Tribune have enabled one center to open and a second to be planned. (See Box on page 2.) In Bartholomew County, in the southern part of the state, Cummins Engine has helped to launch the Community Child Care Fund that is close to reaching its first year goal of $25,000 to invest in training for child care providers and other improvements in local child care programs. (See Box on page 3.) In LaPorte County, which borders Lake Michigan, First Citizens Bank of Michigan City has created a below-market-rate loan fund of $50,000 to help family child care providers spruce up their residences to better accom- modate and protect young children. (See Box on page 5.) Business-community partnerships are on the agenda and on the rise in the 17 counties that are participating in the multi- year project whose focal event was the Indiana Symposium on Child Care Financing, held on November 15, 1995. (See Map on page 21.) The Symposium was spearheaded by Child Care Action Campaign (CCAC) of New York City and jointly orga- nized by CCAC and Indiana Family and Social Services Admin- istration (FSSA). Its goal was to increase the role of private sec- tor employers as leaders on child care issues and investors in building the capacity and improving the quality of child care for working families. 1 Miami County Opens One Center- and Begins Work on Another The Symposium helped us so much It taught us not church is providing space, utilities, and maintenance. NIPSCO, a to focus on what we want but on what business needs and private utility, along with two small businesses-Bryan Steam can give, to put ourselves in their shoes. Corporation and Kuepper Favor Company-and the Step Ahead - Tyra Walker, Child Care Grant Program have made contributions to build an Step Ahead Coordinator attractive, safe playground. Duke Memorial Hospital is supplying cribs, in-service training, and health training and equipment. A child care center for 50 infants, toddlers and preschoolers- Other local employers supporting the project include Heraeus with a room for sick-child care-is about to open its doors on Electro-Nite and Woodcrest Manufacturing. the premises of Peru Grace Brethren Church in Miami County. This project got a big boost from the Symposium team, whose Inspired by this success, the publisher of the Peru Daily Tribune effective media strategies helped to attract business support. has decided to follow suit. He hopes to convert print shop space into an on-site child care facility for his eight employees and, Affordability for parents and quality care for children, not just space permitting, for the children of employees in a local bank. more "slots," are the challenging goals of the new center. The To achieve this goal, the Symposium organizers first invited county-based teams of public and private sector leaders to define child care projects for their communities. Once these plans were formulated, teams were offered access-before, during, and after the Symposium-to national and state experts, state offi- cials, and philanthropic and corporate mentors from whom they gained assistance in carrying out their local initiatives. Energized and guided by the Symposium, county teams have produced record results in one year's time. Their achievements and works in progress include several new or refurbished child care centers; two employer-supported funds to invest in train- ing and other measures to improve child care quality; a loan fund for family child care providers; and a mentoring program for infant-care providers. Employee surveys, "tool kits" of child care information for employers, press and television coverage, and events like Orange Day in Howard County are other notable accomplishments of county teams. (See County-by- County Results of the Symposium Project, page 20.) Project momentum has spread to all corners of Indiana. In fall 1996, another 43 counties will join the Symposium project, 2 which is changing the way Indiana does business and supports its families. Growing evidence of grass roots successes has triggered initia- tives at the state level. These include the production of a half- hour public awareness video by FSSA and Ball State Teleplex, an intergenerational program to attract retired seniors as vol- unteers in child care centers, mentoring by retired corporate executives to local child care projects, and the consideration of child care as an economic planning issue by the Indiana Economic Development Council. Most significantly, the Indiana Donors Alliance, representing 70 community foundations, has agreed to become the home of the Indiana Child Care Fund. Originally set up by CCAC and FSSA to provide seed funding to Symposium teams, the fund will now continue on a permanent basis to raise corporate, foundation, and individual contributions to improve child care throughout the state. These results, revealed during interviews with Indiana project participants in summer 1996, confirm the effectiveness of Lessons Learned in Bartholomew County The Symposium helped us to define our goal and year's end. Quickly and objectively, the team tallied successes opened options for addressing the [child care] issue." and areas for improvement, as follows: --Barbara Piper Step Ahead Coordinator Successes Confirmation of project validity Enlightened leadership on work and family issues by Cummins A quick launch Engine Company, the Heritage Fund (a community foundation), Chamber of Commerce support the Columbus Area Chamber of Commerce, and the A matching grant from Cummins Engine Foundation Bartholomew County Step Ahead Council paved the way for Good newspaper and radio publicity the Symposium team to create a Community Child Care Fund. Progress on needs assessment The fund will make investments in training, accreditation, facili- ties, and technical assistance to improve child care quality. Improvements Needed Clearer definition of priorities The original action plan called for raising donations from 53 Revised strategy for fundraising local businesses, but the plan proved too ambitious. By mid- Accurate assessment of the competition 1996, the county team had raised donations from nine busi- A bigger role for city and county governments nesses and other sources and expected to raise $25,000 by the Ground rules for group decisionmaking 3 CCAC's strategy of teaming up with strong state partners to develop and assist local child care initiatives. In addition to the Indiana event, CCAC has organized similar action-oriented conferences in Florida, Michigan, and New York. CCAC invites leaders in other states to consider working with CCAC on a state symposium to build constituencies and mobilize resources to expand child care capacity and improve child care quality. Business- Since its founding in 1983, CCAC has studied and published reports on creative strategies for public and private financing of Community child care. This focus reflects the fact that market forces-which Partnerships shape the vast majority of child care decisions in America-can- on the Front not ensure care that meets children's developmental needs and Lines: enables families to fulfill their job responsibilities. CCAC's On the demand side, the large majority of working families Child Care cannot afford the cost of good quality child care. Families who Financing pay for child care pay, on average, about $3,800 per year for one or more preschool children, according to the U.S. Census Symposia Bureau. ] By contrast, national experts peg the cost of providing good quality care at $6,400 to $8,300 per child per year.² On the supply, side providers struggle, too often unsuccessfully, to survive on fees that parents can afford, and their high rates of staff turnover disrupt the continuity of care on which chil- dren depend.2 Nor, on typical fees, can providers offer children the labor-intensive programs-with trained staff, small group sizes, and low child-to-adult ratios-that encourage frequent, responsive adult interactions with each child, which are at the heart of "quality." The tight budgets of parents and the shoestring economics of providers go a long way toward explaining what research abundantly documents: that most child care in America is mediocre to poor, and some is downright dangerous.³ Poor quality child care adversely affects the growth and develop- 4 ment of children and jeopardizes their prospects for future success in school and work. Poor quality child care also affects the bottom line of business. Employees with undependable child care worry on the job, lose concentration, and have higher rates of tardiness and ab- senteeism than co-workers, according to national and local sur- veys. Even so, employers often do not take steps to support de- pendable child care for employees. Their reasons range from a traditional view of the divided spheres of work and family to a lack of evidence of the problem and limited familiarity with solutions. Many employers, for example, still believe that sup- port for child care means building on-site centers, whereas many other lower-cost options exist in every community. Certainly, employers need better data showing the impact of child care on productivity and identifying options for action where problems exist. Yet persuasive data do not always clinch the case for business investment in an arena that most employ- ers find hard to decipher. Unlike school systems, child care has no unified structure, no district budget or boards. Family child LaPorte County Establishes a Loan Fund for Family Child Care Providers The Symposium has been enlightening It gave us cent interest rate. Applicants must first receive a referral from impetus to do more. Now we are pulling together our LaPorte County Step Ahead. The maximum a provider can bor- business plan and our pitch to business is: 'You've told us row is $5,000 for a period of 60 months. Repayments will child care is important. Well, this is what we've done, this is revert to the loan fund for re-lending. what we will do next, and this is what we need from you.' -Dr. Janice Katz "This is a wonderful opportunity for licensed in-home child care Clinical Psychologist providers, and First Citizens Bank is a great corporate citizen," Michigan City says Adrienne Gottlieb, LaPorte County Step Ahead Coordinator. Positively influenced by the Symposium team in LaPorte County, First Citizens Bank of Michigan City has announced its intention Several team members in the Symposium project had formerly to create an installment loan product to assist in-home child helped to found the Michigan City Child Care Consortium in care providers refurbish their residences. 1992 by raising $64,000 in start-up.funding for a child care center, primarily from five local employers. The team now seeks Under its new program, Care Providers, First Citizens Bank will both to expand this center and to encourage employers to con- lend up to $50,000 to family child care providers, at a five per- sider other types of investment in child care. 5 care homes, churches, centers, neighbors, preschools, Head Start programs, relatives, play groups, and vacation camps are among the dozens of sources of care and education that consti- tute "child care" for working parents. Because of child care's diverse forms, employers seeking to realize benefits from child care investments are often well- advised to team up with partners who know the child care ter- rain, can define attractive investment opportunities, and can assist in organizing or managing these investments. Such part- ners may include public agencies, foundations, nonprofit orga- nizations, child care resource and referral agencies, and the full array of local child care providers. To increase the visibility, number, and impact of business-com- munity partnerships is the goal of CCAC's state symposia on child care financing. These partnerships are on the front lines of endeavors to solve the child care crisis in America because child care solutions are always local (although a strong state role and a strong federal role are essential) and because no one sec- tor will finance the good quality care that all children deserve. A CCAC-state financing symposium helps state partners work with communities to define child care priorities, bring business partners to the table, and launch collaborative activities to expand child care supply and improve quality. Once local pub- Step Ahead Improves Child Care in Indiana Indiana understands the critical role quality child care $24 million in additional federal funding to expand educational plays in helping children reach their full potential, programs, enhance early intervention services, and increase the according to Cheryl Sullivan, Secretary of Indiana Family number of licensed child care providers. and Social Services Administration. Under Secretary Sullivan's leadership Governor Evan Bayh's Step Ahead Initiative has been "When Indiana's Step Ahead Councils conducted their own implemented in all 92 Indiana counties. needs assessments, 85 counties identified child care as their priority service need," recounts Secretary Sullivan. "Those The Step Ahead process permits local counties to combine vari- needs differ from community to community and from family to ous funding streams to deliver services that communities have family. Indiana has moved aggressively to expand not only the identified as priorities. By simplifying bureaucracy and imple- capacity for child care but the quality of child care as well, in menting creative approaches, Step Ahead has attracted over all counties." 6 lic-private sector teams are on the move, higher-level decision makers in corporate, philanthropic, and policy arenas can tar- get their resources and investments in ways directly responsive to local child care priorities. Thus can grass roots and state- level initiatives push each other forward to create broad-scale changes that benefit children and families, as is clearly illustrat- ed by the Indiana project. Step Ahead "Before the Symposium, we had this pie-in-the-sky outlook. and the Now we have a good handle on things. The Symposium started the ball rolling." Origins of the Indiana The speaker is Teri Carr, until recently Step Ahead Coordin- ator of Fulton County. Under Carr's leadership, a community Symposium team from "the middle of nowhere" wrote a proposal to partici- pate in the 1995 Indiana Symposium on Child Care Financing by spelling out its goal: the construction of a new child care center to meet acute local need. In Fulton County, where 67.3 percent of mothers with children under five work outside the home, only 185 licensed child care spaces are available to meet a demand estimated at 1500 of the county's youngest children. The shortage of child care in Fulton County resembles condi- tions in the 17 counties whose Step Ahead Councils joined the Symposium project. Indiana Step Ahead Councils, one in each of the state's 92 counties, were created by legislation in 1991, under the leadership of Governor Evan Bayh, to simplify state bureaucracy and increase public sector responsiveness to local needs. (See Box on page 6.) Step Ahead Councils set priorities for public programs serving families and children, administer child care subsidies, expand early intervention programs, and play a leadership role in launching local projects. Periodic needs assessments by Step Ahead Councils show that child care is a top priority nearly everywhere in the state. In the Symposium counties, between 57 and 67 percent of women 7 with children five or younger work outside the home. Infant care is in critically short supply. Care for sick children and care during increasingly common extended hours and weekend shifts are unavailable in many locations. Care for special needs children is spotty: in rural Benton and Newton Counties, on the Illinois border, the nearest child care program for children with special needs is located a county away-too harsh a trek for three- and four-year-olds. As largely volunteer bodies, Step Ahead Councils grapple with the disparity between their vision of a world of good and plenti- ful child care and their bare-bones staff and budgets. Moreover, federal and state welfare reform requirements will cause an in- flux of children needing care into a system already inadequate to meet existing demand for good quality care. By 1995, many Step Ahead Councils were looking for ways to bring new part- ners and resources to the table to expand child care supply and improve child care quality. "The Symposium offered Step Ahead Councils a great opportu- nity," says Carole Stein who, as senior policy analyst at FSSA, invited CCAC to bring a financing symposium to Indiana, and took the lead in rallying state partners and directing the project in Indiana. CCAC's exploratory trip in fall 1994 confirmed the strong interest of state agency officials, child care providers, and Step Ahead Councils in pursuing a collaborative project. From that point on, recalls Stein, "This project has just kept growing." A Three-tier The Indiana Symposium evolved in three tiers as a powerful Framework national-state-local framework for action. (See Table: Indiana Symposium on Child Care Financing: A Framework for Action on for Action page 22.) CCAC contributed its expertise, strategic capability, links to resources and innovators across the country, and media skills. At the state level, FSSA brought high-level political sup- port, organizational capability, state and local networks, and access to information and resources. Locally, Step Ahead teams 8 brought grass roots savvy, action goals, practical strategies, and implementation capacity. First CCAC and FSSA worked out their collaboration. Then Step Ahead partners were brought to the table through a pro- posal process. In order to participate, a Step Ahead Council had to recruit a team that included an elected official and represen- tatives of a local business, a financial institution, a philanthropic foundation, the regional private industry council, the Chamber of Commerce, parents, and agencies or programs in health, education, and child care. Teams were required to submit a plan to expand child care capacity and/or improve quality by means of strategies designed to attract private sector investment. Once counties submitted proposals, CCAC and FSSA pursued corporate sources of seed funding to help counties implement their plans. To demonstrate high-level support for this effort, Mrs. Susan Bayh, First Lady of Indiana, and Mrs. Charlene Lugar, wife of U.S. Senator Richard Lugar, hosted a lunch for top officials from two dozen companies, at which CCAC presi- dent Richard B. Stolley was the featured speaker. Nearly all of the companies represented at the lunch made donations to a seed-grant fund for Symposium counties which later became the Indiana Child Care Fund. The Indiana At the Symposium, co-chaired by Mrs. Bayh and Mrs. Lugar in the Indiana Statehouse, county teams learned about creative Symposium child care financing strategies in use by national, state, and local innovators. These strategies included community-focused investments in child care quality by AT&T, an employer-sup- ported child care consortium managed by Allen County Child Care of Fort Wayne, community organization techniques and child care programs of Eastside Community Investments of Indianapolis, and family child care recruitment and training programs of the Oregon Child Development Fund of the Oregon Community Foundation. Afternoon workshops en- 9 Two Routes to Child Care Support in a Company Typically, employers can invest in child care projects through one or both of two different departments: Community Relations and Human Resources (or their equivalents). Each department pursues different company goals; therefore each must be approached in a different way. The following table summarizes key features of these departments that affect the fate of a proposal for corporate support. This table was prepared by Candice Lange, Manager, Human Resources, Work and Family, Eli Lilly & Company. Community Relations Human Resources Source of Funds Corporate foundation Operating budget Business Goals Corporate social responsibility Employee productivity, retention What's the Competition? Other worthy causes in the Other human resources programs community and expenses Employer Interest and Somewhat limited Specfic outcomes expected Involvement How Employees Benefit As part of the community Preferentially abled teams to refine their original proposals and specify action goals for the following year. Also featured at the Symposium was the CCAC presentation, "Child Care on a Shoestring," a slide show that employed bud- get data about Indiana child care centers and family child care homes to demonstrate why poor quality child care has econom- ic origins beyond the capacity of parents and providers alone to alter, and why business has a bottom-line interest in investing in child care. A video, "A History of Child Care in Indiana," pre- pared by FSSA and the Ball State University Teleplex Center, encapsulated the evolution of child care programs in Indiana and ended with powerful testimony for family-friendly policies by CEOs of prominent Indiana companies. Following the Symposium, county teams received overhead transparencies of "Child Care on a Shoestring" along with the FSSA-Ball State video for use in public awareness activities. In subsequent months, FSSA provided continuous technical assis- tance to teams in the form of periodic meetings for team coor- dinators, referrals to sources of expertise, circulation of materi- als, and workshops on special subjects in which CCAC partici- 10 pated. In addition, corporate supporters of the symposium offered managerial staff as mentors to assist county teams in designing and carrying out effective approaches to prospective private sector partners. (See Boxes on pages 10 and 11.) This targeted technical assistance was critically important in helping county teams to keep up their morale and their momentum. In addition, seed grants were disbursed in May 1996 to county teams from the Indiana Child Care Fund. Bringing Returning home after the Symposium, county teams quickly discovered, if they did not already know, that effective business- Local community partnerships do not spring into being overnight. Employers Success requires multiple approaches, several strategies, and to the Table: dialogue and action over the long term. The activities in use by counties to build partnerships, and the lessons learned, are Lessons summarized below. Learned by Symposium Build Awareness. Building awareness is the first step to finding and engaging employers as partners in community child care Teams projects, report county teams. "We in business have no idea," says Guy Spencer, owner of a print shop in Gary who joined the Lake County Step Ahead Team to learn what could be done to overcome this barrier to change. (See Box on page 12.) How to Use Your 15 Minutes With a CEO asked. Then listen carefully to the response. Nine Steps to Success in Winning 6. Explain what role the company can play and how it will ben- efit. Corporate Friends for Child Care 7. Find a competitor that is doing the same thing, because busi- 1. Focus on the effect of child care on the bottom line. ness leaders do not want to be perceived as lagging behind 2. Do your homework. Be sure you know the background of the competition. the company you are approaching and their policies regard- 8. Don't go in with your hand out. Stress that you are interest- ing family-related issues. ed in the company's support, which can take various forms. 3. Have a presentation prepared so you do not waste the CEO's Listen to the CEO's suggestions. time. 9. Don't say "nobody cares." The person who comes through is 4. Use simple, everyday language and use statistics. the one who has a positive attitude. 5. Show the CEO what you can do for that company. Be pre- Based on interview with Pat Riecks pared to present a detailed description of your program, if Human Resources Coordinator, PSI Energy 11 Not Too Small to Care: Small Business Champions of Child Care Two of the most vocal business advocates for child care to round up the resources needed to create a child care center. in the Symposium project run small businesses. They know first hand that employees' child care woes sap productivity, and Gary Spencer owns a small print shop in Lake County. When they are working with Symposium teams to expand local child they can't make other arrangements, parents who work for him care capacity. are allowed to bring children to work. As a parent himself, he understands their worries. Greg Robinson runs a McDonald's franchise with a staff of 60 in Rochester, Indiana. He reports that he often receives calls from As a member of the Lake County Step Ahead team, Spencer employees saying they can't come to work because "their baby believes that lack of awareness is the primary obstacle to an sitter didn't show up, or quit. So I am left hanging," Robinson expanded child care role for business. To help overcome this laments. "My business is left hanging. I have to find somebody barrier, the team plans to conduct a survey of working parents to work that shift. Child care is a matter of big interest to me." to demonstrate to employers what types of child care invest- Robinson is working with the Fulton County Step Ahead team ments would be likely to boost business productivity. Topping the list of "awareness" activities by county teams, in terms of frequency, are presentations of CCAC's "Child Care on a Shoestring" to Rotary, Kiwanis, Lions, sororities, Cham- bers of Commerce, and other civic and community groups. By offering this presentation, county teams find it easy to get on the agenda of local organizations. In rural areas the "grape- vine" supplements organized presentations; casual encounters and ad hoc conversations expand the circle of those who are informed about community child care initiatives. Information brochures and resource guides, or "tool kits," are in production in six counties to supply data to business on the benefits of investing in community-based child care resources. (See, for example, the Marion County plan described in the Box on page 13.) Press attention to child care has been achieved through innovative events like Orange Day in Howard County and a candlelight vigil in Miami County. Step Ahead Coordinators in Bartholomew, Elkhart, and LaPorte Counties have succeeded in getting letters or columns printed in local papers. A CCAC workshop and materials provided important technical assistance to help county teams develop effective media strategies. 12 Make the Case and Set Priorities. As local employers learn about child care issues, they may nonetheless distance them- selves from solutions, report the county teams. "I caders of many local businesses are 'traditional' in their belief that the workplace should have nothing to do with homc life. Other companies may feel they cannot afford 'extra' benefits," ob- serves Michelle Janin of the Cummins Engine Foundation. To overcome resistance, "use statistics to prove that hild care affects the bottom line," urges Wendell Gooch, who owns the Orange County Publishing Company. Business people are busy, cautions Ron Humphrey, president of Kentland Bank in New- ton County, so child care teams need to be "very specific." Seeking local data to make the case to employers. Delaware, Elkhart, and Lake Counties are conducting survey of local employees' child care needs and are benefiting gre,ssi the tech- nical assistance of a corporate mentor provided by Lincoln National Corporation as part of the Symposium project. In Orange County, a county-wide survey and lunche" meetings for employers will help the local team learn more about which businesses might be open to contact and collaborative endeav- or. Identifying the right decision maker in each company is Marion County Attracts Philanthropic Support eiving child The Symposium started the ball rolling, and we must consumer education materials to help pare make sure the ball keeps on rolling. care subsidies to select care arrangement meet both -Gayle Spicer children's developmental needs and parents will goals; and Step Ahead Coordinator spents to influ- community advocacy to build the capacrt The Symposium project developed by the Marion County team ence state policy makers to respond effer the child seeks to link business-community partnerships in child care with care needs of low-income families. other efforts to support families who are required by state and Campaign, federal law to leave welfare for jobs. Project components Thanks to technical assistance by Child Care the Moriah include the Marion County team has received sups/ Mariapolis- Fund of Washington, D.C. for this project ordinating the tool kits and a speakers bureau to inform employers about based Opportunities Industrialization Center: work of the Marion County Step Ahead corporate the economic impact of child care; mentors to carry out this initiative. a Grow Child Care Fund to increase private sector investments in child care quality improvements including training; 13 A Mentor Helps Fulton County Our mentor has been very helpful in providing busi- Land has already been donated. ness perspectives. She gives us moral support and direction. A key ingredient in this progress is Anna Rust, assistant vice pres- -Teri Carr ident of Conseco, a large financial services company headquar- Step Ahead Coordinator tered in Indianapolis. As corporate mentor to Fulton County, Rust has offered advice by phone on many occasions. Fulton County did not expect to participate in the Symposium project because, according to Teri Carr, the county is "in the "I have tried to explain how to get to the right person, the middle of nowhere, the country mouse. We didn't feel we had decision maker, says Rust. "I find that often we spend an inordi- anything to showcase or feel important about." nate amount of time talking to the wrong person." Yet at the Symposium the county team "embraced the concept This input made all the difference to Carr, who wishes that Rust of an employer consortium." Now the team is seeking employer could have been available before the Symposium. Rust, for her backing for a new child care center. A McDonald's franchise part, is amazed that a few phone calls mattered. But, indeed, and an elder care facility would like to help out in some way. they did. critical, advises the corporate mentor to Fulton County. (See Box on page 14.) An effective case for business support also requires that clear priorities be set within the child care community, as the Bartholomew County team learned. After launching a bold plan for a business-supported Community Child Care Fund, the team realized that they needed to do more work to establish commu- nity consensus about which investments would bring the highest returns to employers, families, children and the community. Win Champions and Extend the Vision. One objective of persuading local employers that child care merits their con- cern is to encourage them to step forward as champions- advocates for child care whose public status attracts significant attention and support from new quarters. "People must first be able to share the vision, then financial and other kinds of sup- port will follow," explains Jay Brinkman, a chiropractor and president of South Newton School Board, in describing the strategy of the team working in Newton and Benton Counties. (See Box on page 15.) 14 Several county teams are spreading their child care vision by linking their projects with economic development experts and organizations. The joint project of Clark, Floyd, Harrison, and Scott Counties is headed by Jerry Wheat, a professor of busi- ness at Indiana University Southeast, who contributes a valu- able outside perspective to this four-county collaboration. In Randolph County, a local economic development agency has taken the lead on the Symposium project. In Lake County, the Step Ahead team has expanded to include members of the local welfare-to-work planning team. In Newton and Benton Counties, the multi-county Kankakee Valley Workforce Development Council is proving a strong regional partner. The council's economic development mis- sion, strong ties to elected officials and business leaders, and communication resources are helping to build local support for the multi-purpose center that will house a child care pro- gram for special needs children-and perhaps one of the coun- cil's programs as well. Friendly Persuasion in Newton and Benton Counties The Symposium really helped me. We took a group of community takes place primarily in neighbor-to-neighbor talk. people from Benton and Newton Counties and we sat down together and listened to one another [on the sub- Using strategies picked up at the Symposium, Brinkman reports, ject of child care] for the first time. We realized we have a "We have approached business and told them, 'we have some- lot of common needs. That's when all this took off. thing for you.' We have offered them a solution to their high -Dr. Jay Brinkman rate of absenteeism among employees. We have offered them a President solution to their problem of people leaving to find other jobs. South Newton School Board We know they spend a lot of money hiring and training people, so we have said, 'Why don't we work together?' The response "Happenstance" is how Dr. Jay Brinkman describes the origin has been overwhelming." of the Symposium project in Newton and Benton Counties: One day, at a local mall, he ran into Pam Hasser, the Newton Buoyed by growing community interest in the center, the New- County Step Ahead Coordinator. She told him about special ton-Benton team has already convinced an architect to donate needs children whose parents had no child care center in the renovation designs, persuaded contractors to give a 44 percent county. He told her his dream of converting a house on school discount on construction, identified a fiscal agent, and discov- property into a preschool. The two quickly joined forces. ered a project partner in the Kankakee Valley Workforce, which may use center space for welfare-to-work training for adults. Pulling together a team and attending the Symposium jump- started the Newton-Benton plan. Now, rolling it out in the 15 Offer Options for Action. County teams emphasize that signifi- cantly greater financial resources must be found in order to build an adequate supply of good quality child care for working families. Yet many of them acknowledge that they must be flexi- ble-and patient-about the requests they make to employers. A menu or list of investment options, with affordable choices for employers of all sizes, is in the works in LaPorte County. Here, two child care consortia have been created with employ- er support in the past few years. Now, stimulated by the Sympo- sium, the county seeks to expand the base of employer involve- ment by drawing attention to a broad range of investment options including Dependent Care Assistance Plans (DCAPs), which benefit both employers and working families by permit- ting employees to put a portion of pre-tax earnings into an account to help pay for child care. Employers involved with the local teams encourage broad think- ing. "Funds are tight this year," reports Greg Robinson, a McDonald's franchise owner and a supporter of the Fulton County team. "But we can still get involved by lining up pro- viders, finding the building, being flexible with work hours." In-Kind Donations in Howard County The fact that we have worked Contributions of these items would im- Landscaping products together and developed rap- prove the learning environments, increase Mulch port, that people were brought management efficiency, and add flexibility Trash cans together made a tremendous impact to providers' budgets to better support Storage crates on the community. The Symposium pro- staff and training. Coat racks ject has connected us all and built this Partitions foundation. / can say whatever happens Fax machines Shelving we would probably go on working Computers & software Art easels together. Copy machines -Jeannie Landseadel Printer Child-size chairs Child Care Center Director Office chairs Child-size tables Kokomo File cabinets Commercial sweepers Paper Baby cribs A drive for in-kind donations from busi- Envelopes High chairs ness to "sustain and upgrade" existing Pencils Cots child care centers, is the Symposium plan Pens Play kitchens in Howard County. The team's preliminary File folders Baby bibs & washcloths list contains the following items, identi- Art materials Paper products (tissues, etc.) fied as lacking in many child care sites. 16 In-kind donations by employers are one alternative to financial support, at least in the short term. In Orange County there is a history of obtaining such in-kind donations from businesses. In one case, the gas company contributed labor to move a gas line affected by construction work at a child care center, a service valued at $2,500. Free architectural advice and a below market quote from a construction contractor are bringing the Newton- Benton center closer to realization. The Howard County team has compiled a wish list ranging from computers to toys in the hope that local employers will donate these badly needed items to local child care centers. (See Box on page 16.) Financial contributions by employers have boosted projects in three counties. The recipients are a center for infants, toddlers, and sick-child care in Miami County; the Community Child Care Fund in Bartholomew County; and a loan fund for refur- bishing family child care residences in LaPorte County. The Indiana The achievements of county teams-well supported and given visibility by FSSA staff-have ignited state-level initiatives in pub- Child Care lic awareness, senior citizen participation in child care, corpo- Fund and rate mentoring, and state economic planning. Representing the Snowball the biggest success to date is the recent decision by the Indiana Donors Alliance (IDA) to provide a permanent home for the Effect Indiana Child Care Fund. Under IDA's direction the fund will raise corporate, founda- tion, and other private contributions to invest in strengthening the state's child care infrastructure (e.g., training and mentor- ing for child care providers), developing child care expertise across the state, and increasing public awareness of child care issues. IDA's new commitment to child care reflects the grow- ing interest of its member foundations in supporting efforts that improve the quality of life for children, according to exec- utive director Jerry Musich. In addition to creating the state 17 fund, IDA will educate its members about opportunities to establish "field of interest" child care investment funds-to attract donor dollars into community-based child care projects like those undertaken by Symposium teams. As Symposium-linked activities enter their third year, fully two- thirds of all counties in Indiana will be involved in creating or continuing business-community child care partnerships. The snowball effect shows no sign of slowing. This rapid evolution demonstrates how quickly communities can move to improve child care when offered appropriately-designed opportunities, incentives, and technical assistance. However, the Indiana pro- ject also reveals that grass roots initiatives need higher level support-for example, from regional agencies, state govern- ment, state and national philanthropies, large companies, and/or federal agencies. Otherwise they can wither quickly, wasting precious opportunities to realize the commitment to children and families that Americans profess. The Symposium model of change is well-suited for success in the current political climate that favors smaller government and local control. Moreover, as the Symposium project draws broad- er numbers of Indiana institutions into the circle of its impact, state leaders are increasingly raising big questions toward which recent accomplishments point: What is the appropriate role for government, business and philanthropy in helping working par- ents meet their child care needs? What would it take to solve the child care problem for all families in the state? Answers must be found, not only in Indiana, but in every state. If amplified by appropriate leadership and communications, the resolutions that states develop-or their steps toward such resolutions-can help lay the foundations of a national consen- sus that is urgently needed in order to combine private and public resources to finance good quality child care for all fami- lies that need it. 18 I Notes U.S. Bureau of the Census (1995). What Does It Cost to Mind Our Preschoolers? (pp. 50-52). 2 B. Willer (1990). "Estimating the Full Cost of Quality," in B. Willer, Ed., Reaching the Full Cost of Quality in Early Childhood Programs. Washington, D.C. National Association for the Education of Young Children. 3 Center-based child care providers earn, on average, $6.70 per hour. For a typical work year of fifty 35-hour weeks, the average salary is $11,725. Source: White- book, M., et al. (1993). National Child Care Staffing Study Revisited: Four Years in the Life of Center-based Child Care. Washington, D.C.: National Center for the Early Childhood Work Force. 4 According to a recent in-depth study of 401 randomly sampled child care cen- ters in four states, only one in seven centers (14%) offered developmentally appropriate care; one in eight (12%) offered "less than minimal" care; and the vast majority offered mediocre care. Source: Helburn, S., et al. (1995). Cost, Quality and Child Outcomes in Child Care Centers. University of Colorado at Denver. According to another recent study, researchers in three states, who oversampled low-income and minority areas, reported that, "Only 9 percent of the homes in this study are rated as good quality (meaning growth-enhancing), while 56 per- cent are rated as adequate/custodial (neither growth-enhancing nor growth- harming), and 35 percent are rated as inadequate (growth-harming).' Source: Galinsky, E., et al. (1995). The Study of Children in Family Child Care and Relative Care: Highlights of Findings. New York, NY: Families and Work Institute. 19 County-by-County Results of the Symposium Project In the year since the November 1995 Indiana premises; the county Step Ahead Council will Symposium on Child Care Financing, Step Ahead help administer the fund. teams in the 17 participating counties have achieved the following results in their efforts to Lake County. A survey of employees' child build business-community child care partnerships. care needs will be conducted and is expected to show acute infant and toddler care shortages. The Bartholomew County. The Community Child county team broadened its community base by Care Fund has been created to solicit corporate including local welfare-to-work planning council and philanthropic donations to improve training, members. facilities, and other aspects of child care quality and supply. The Fund expects to raise $25,000 Marion County. The Symposium project has in 1996. attracted support from the Moriah Fund to con- duct outreach to business leaders, create a Clark, Floyd, Harrison, and Scott Grow Child Care Fund, distribute parent educa- Counties. A "tool kit" of informational materials tion brochures, and conduct local advocacy for is being distributed to promote business leaders' better quality, affordable child care for low- understanding that good quality child care con- income families. tributes to business productivity. Miami County. A new child care center has Delaware County. Ivy Tech Community Col- opened, thanks to extensive local press coverage lege is creating a mentoring program for family of child care issues and support from a major util- child care providers, especially those caring for ity, a hospital, and several local businessses. The infants. A survey of local employees will be used publisher of the local newspaper is seeking help to target child care improvement priorities. to start an on-site child care center to serve his employees and those of a neighboring bank. Elkhart County. A survey instrument is being developed to assess employees' child care Newton and Benton Counties. Broad local needs. The county has attracted local press cover- support has been developed to convert a build- age of child care issues and editorial support. ing on school property into a preschool center for children with special needs; in-kind donations Fulton County. Land has been donated to build from various businesses will reduce construction a child care center for which the support of a con- costs. sortium of employers is sought. Orange County. A local child care center Howard County. "Orange Day" was orga- seeks to expand by identifying new business part- nized to demonstrate working parents' reliance ners. An employee survey and employer lunches to on child care. In-kind donations from employers increase corporate support are under way. to child care centers will be sought. United Way and public schools are paying more attention to Randolph County. Several strategies are child care. planned to attract the attention and support of business to respond to the well-documented surge LaPorte County. First Citizens Bank of Michi- in child care needs anticipated as welfare reform gan City has created a $50,000 loan fund to activities proceed. help family child care providers refurbish their 20 Counties Participating in the Symposium Project LAPORTE ST. JOSEPH ELKHART LA GRANGE STEUBEN LAKE PORTER NOBLE DE KALB MARSHALL STARKE KOSCIUSKO IASPER WHITLEY ALLEN NEWTON PULASKI FULTON WABASH HUNT. WHITE MIAMI INGTON CASS WELLS ADAMS SENTON CARROLL GRANT TIPPECANOE HOWARD BLACK- JAY FORD WARREN CLINTON TIPTON MADISON DELAWARE RANDOLPH FOUNTAIN MONTGOMERY HAMILTON BOONE HENRY WAYNE M PARKE HENDRICKS MARION HANCOCK PUTNAM RUSH SHELBY FAYETTE LINION JOHNSON MORGAN VIGO CLAY FRANKLIN OWEN DECATUR MONROE BROWN BARTHOLOMEW DEARBORN SULLIVAN RIPLEY GREENE ENNINGS JACKSON LAWRENCE JOHIO MARTIN EFFERSON SWITZERLAND KNOX DAVIESS WASHINGTON 50017 ORANGE CLARK PIKE DUBOIS CIBSON CRAWFORD ROYD HARRISON PERRY WARRICK POSEY SPENCER VANDER iz; BURCH 1995 Participating Counties 1996 Participating Counties 21 22 Indiana Symposium on Child Care Financing: A Framework for Action The Indiana Symposium brought business-community teams together with national and state experts to plan local projects to attract private sector resources to improve child care and boost business productivity. The Symposium launched child care initiatives in 17 counties, a state child care fund, new state policies, and an expanding network of child care advocates. The following table depicts the steps taken by Child Care Action Campaign, Indiana Family and Social Services Administration (FSSA), and other partners to plan and carry out the Symposium event and the year of implementation activities that followed. SPRING FALL SPRING SUMMER NOVEMBER 15, WINTER FALL SUMMER WINTER 1994 1995 FALL 1995 1995 1995-96 1996 1996 CHILD CARE Invitation to bring Intensive Keynote given at Action resources Media training National visibility ACTION Symposium model to assistance corporate lunch; created for offered to enhanced for CAMPAIGN Indiana accepted. given to FSSA. assistance given counties. counties. Indiana model. to county teams. FSSA AND PUBLIC- Symposium planned; requests Assistance given to State initiatives Video produced; PRIVATE SECTOR for proposals (RFPs) sent to county teams. launched to county achieve- PLANNING COMMITTEE counties; assistance given to expand support for ments documented. counties. communities. COUNTY Local projects defined Projects refined Projects Results and lessons STEP AHEAD through RFP process; and launched. implemented. assessed. COUNCILS public-private sector teams recruited. CORPORATE Attended corporate Strategic assistance, Assistance to Continued ADVISERS, lunch at Governor's donations to Indiana county teams and participation in DONORS & residence. Child Care Fund, and additional Indiana Child Care MENTORS mentors provided. donations given. Fund. INDIANA Permanent home provided for Indiana DONORS Child Care Fund. ALLIANCE Symposium Carole Stein, Chair, FSSA/Office of Planning Barbara Anderson, Consultant Planning and Edward Alexander, Goodwill Industries of Central Indiana Dr. Barbara Batchelor, Day Nursery Implementation Charlene Burkett, FSSA/ Bureau of Family Independence Committee Keith Carver, FSSA/Child Care Licensing Ellen Clippinger, At-Your-School Services Members Dr. Roselyn Cole, Auntie Mame's Child Development Center Bobby Conner, FSSA//Division of Disability, Aging, and Rehabilitative Services Karen Copeland, Children's Education Center Janet Corson, FSSA/Division of Mental Health Debbie Davis, Indiana Department of Commerce Charles Deppert, Indiana State AFL-CIO Tom Friedmann, historian Karen Glaser, Junior League of Indianapolis Maureen Greer, FSSA/Bureau of Child Development/First Steps Gaye Gronlund, early childhood education consultant Lisa Hamilton, Junior League of Indianapolis Jerome Hauer, Indiana Workforce Development Michael J. Jakubisin, Indiana Workforce Development Mae Z. Jimison, Indiana State Department of Health Betty Johnson, Indiana Department of Education Sam Jones, Indianapolis Urban League Tim Kelly, Indiana Human Resources Investment Council Jan Keltz, Indiana Alliance for Better Child Care Ralph Komasinski, Indiana Workforce Development Candi Lange, Eli Lilly & Company Sandra Loyd, Saint Mary-of-the-Woods College Janet Luddy, Junior Leagues of Indiana Peggy O'Malley, Indiana Workforce Development Sue McCaffrey, United Way of Central Indiana Lauralee Martin, FSSA/Bureau of Child Development Tammy Miller, McDonald's Corporation Ginny Morris, FSSA/Bureau of Aging and In-Home Services Nan Nicol, Vigo County Step Ahead Donna Olsen, Indiana Parent Information Network Cal Olson, Dependent Care Management of Indiana Jackie Pitman, FSSA/Division of Disability, Aging, and Rehabilitative Services Professor Douglas Powell, Purdue University Fran Reigle, Montgomery County Step Ahead Pat Riecks, PSI Energy Gail Richardson, Child Care Action Campaign Carol Rolland, Lincoln National Corporation Professor Ena Shelley, Butler University Candes Shelton, Indiana Child Care Fund Don Smith, First National Bank (Terre Haute) Doreen Smith and Peg Smith, Indiana Youth Institute Bill Stephen, Indianapolis Division of Workforce Development Lorna Sterling, Intergenerational Programs Sharon Sullivan, tvy Tech College Marsha Thompson, Indiana Parent Information Network Marlane Tisdale, Indiana Association for the Education of Young Children Graham Toft, Economic Development Council Joyce Tucker, Greenleaf Community Center Roy Vanderford, Indiana Education and Training Dianna Wallace, FSSA/Office of Planning/Step Ahead Judy Waugh, WRTV, Channel 6 Nina White, Indiana Workforce Development Carlis Williams, FSSA/Bureau of Family Independence Sam Young, FSSA/Family of Aging and In-Home Services 23 Private Sector American States Foundation American Cablevision Sponsors of Brightpointe, Inc. CB Commercial the Symposium Conseco Cummins Engine Eli Lilly & Co. Golden Rule Insurance Ice Miller Donadio & Ryan IPALCO Enterprises Indianapolis Water Company IWC Resources Corporation Junior League of Indianapolis Lincoln National Corporation Marsh Supermarkets Maytag McDonald's Corporation NBD Bank Northern Indiana Public Service Company (NIPSCO) PSI Energy Resort Condominiums International Society National Bank Weiss Communications and Indianapolis Woman William N. Wishard Memorial Hospital WISH/TV Work-Family Directions Corporate Candice Lange, Eli Lilly & Company Mindy Lewis, Cummins Engine Mentors to Pat Riecks, PSI Energy Carol Rolland, Lincoln National Corporation County Teams Candes Shelton, Junior Leagues of Indiana Anna Rust, Conseco Linda Strickland, Wishard Memorial Hospital Phyllis Wilkins, NBD Bank Wendy Yerkes, IPALCO Enterprises Symposium Judy O'Bannon, wife of Indiana Lt. Governor Frank O'Bannon Byron Jensen, Goodwill Industries, Indianapolis Presenters Kathleen Likeness, Child Care of Allen County, Fort Wayne Mrs. Charlene Lugar Barbara Reisman, Child Care Action Campaign James E. Rogers, CINergy Deborah Stahl, Lucent Technologies Foundation Christine Tomlinson, Oregon Child Development Fund Dennis West, Eastside Community Investments, Indianapolis County Team Bartholomew County: Michelle Janin, Mindy Lewis and Barbara Piper Benton and Newton Counties: Pam Hasser Coordinators Clark County: Jerry Stephensen Elkhart County: Sandra Friesen Floyd County: Angela Robinson Fulton County: Teri Carr and Lorena Kanouse Harrison County: Shirley Hawkins Howard County: Mary Mason Joint County Project (Clark, Floyd, Harrison, and Scott): Jerry Wheat Lake County: Barbara Corcoran LaPorte County: Adrienne Gottlieb and Dr. Janice Katz Marion County: Gayle Spicer Miami County: Tyra Walker Orange County: Pat Hooten Randolph County: Jim Byrd Scott County: Carolyn King. 24 Child Care Action Honorary Chairmen President Jimmy Carter Campaign President Gerald R. Ford Founding President Board of Directors Elinor Guggenheimer President Richard B. Stolley, Time Inc. Vice-Presidents Dana E. Friedman, Ed.D., Corporate Family Solutions Francine Sommer, Gabelli Multimedia Partners, L.P. Secretary Judith Kauffman Fullmer, Citibank Treasurer Arnold H. Kroll, Schroder Wertheim & Co. Inc. General Counsel Gaines Gwathmey, III, Paul, Weiss, Rifkind, Wharton & Garrison Susan Aronson, M.D., Fellow, American Academy of Pediatrics Susan Bayh, State of Indiana Helen Blank, Children's Defense Fund Ronald E. Blaylock, Blaylock & Partners, L.P. Myrna Blyth, Ladies' Home Journal JoAnne Brandes, SC Johnson Wax T. Berry Brazelton, M.D., Harvard Medical School Roger H. Brown, Bright Horizons Children's Centers Bettye M. Caldwell, Ph.D., University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences John Mack Carter, Hearst Magazines Enterprises Peggy Charren Sey Chassler Roxanne J. Coady, R.J. Julia Booksellers, Ltd. Judsen Culbreth, Working Mother Matilda Cuomo, MENTORING USA Ricki Fairley-Brown, Coca-Cola Ellen Galinsky, Families and Work Institute Gary David Goldberg, UBU Productions Betty Hudson, Reader's Digest Sheila B. Kamerman, D.S.W., Columbia University School of Social Work Elliot Lehman, FEL-PRO Incorporated Jacqueline Leo, Good Morning America, ABC News Patricia S. Lieberman, A.L. Mailman Family Foundation Jay Mazur, UNITE!, AFL-CIO Gerald W. McEntee, AFSCME, AFL-CIO Evelyn K. Moore, National Black Child Development Institute Gwen Morgan, Wheelock College Ann Pleshette Murphy, Parents Sondra L. Murphy, New York Women's Foundation Arthur L. Novell, Markham/Novell Communications, Ltd. Francine Sussner Rodgers, Work/Family Directions Bea Romer, State of Colorado Herman Sillas, Ochoa & Sillas Dee Topol, The Travelers Foundation Linda Villarosa, Essence Thomas J. Volpe, Interpublic Group of Companies Bernice Weissbourd, Family Focus, Inc. Edward Zigler, Ph.D., Bush Center, Yale University 25 Child Care Barbara Reisman, Executive Director Candice Anderson, Executive Assistant Action Campaign Program and Communications Staff Gail Richardson, Program Director Jay Bainbridge, Program Associate Robin Brazley, Program Associate Laurie Miller, Program Associate Minerva Novero, Assistant to Program Director Lance Dronkers, Program Assistant Ellen Lubell, Communications Director Dolores Schaefer, Editorial/Production Manager Wanda Carter, Receptionist Membership and Development Helene Figueroa, Development Director Jennifer Klopp, Events Coordinator Byrne Armiento, Grants Coordinator Elaine Molinaro, Membership Services Accounting and Personnel Barbara Hurst, Accountant/Office Manager Eileen Chan, Accounting Clerk 26