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A Giant Step
for Child Care
How the CCAC-Indiana
Symposium on Child Care
Financing Launched Business-
Community Initiatives
CCAC
A report of
Child Care Action Campaign
330 Seventh Avenue
New York, New York 10001
A
Giant Step
for
Child Care
How the CCAC-Indiana
Symposium on Child Care
Financing Launched Business-
Community Initiatives
By Gail Richardson
with Minerva Novero
CCAC
A report of
Child Care Action Campaign
330 Seventh Avenue
New York, New York 10001
Child Care Action Campaign
The Child Care Action Campaign's mission is to stimu-
late and support the development of policies and pro-
grams that will increase the availability of quality,
affordable child care for the benefit of children, their
families, and the economic well-being of the nation.
To accomplish this, CCAC provides information and
original research to parents, the general public, and to
government and corporate policy makers about the
needs of families and children. CCAC emphasizes the
connection between these needs and the nation's pros-
perity, and advocates for additional investment in child
care by employers, by labor, and by federal, state, and
local governments.
Printed by Indiana Family and Social Services Administration.
Contents
A Giant Step for Child Care: How the CCAC-Indiana
Symposium on Child Care Financing
Launched Business-Community Initiatives
Acknowledgements
1
Overview
4
Business-Community Partnerships on the Front Lines:
CCAC's Child Care Financing Symposia
7
Step Ahead and the Origins of the Indiana Symposium
8
A Three-tier Framework for Action
9
The Indiana Symposium
11
Bringing Local Employers to the Table:
Lessons Learned by Symposium Teams
17
The Indiana Child Care Fund and the Snowball Effect
Boxes
2 Miami County Opens One Center-and Begins Work on Another
3 Lessons Learned in Bartholomew County
5 LaPorte County Establishes a Loan Fund for Family Child Care Providers
6 Step Ahead Improves Child Care in Indiana
10 Two Routes to Child Care Support in the a Company
11 How to Use Your 15 Minutes with a CEO
12 Not Too Small to Care: Small Business Champions of Child Care
13 Marion County Attracts Philanthropic Support
14 A Mentor Helps Fulton County
15 Friendly Persasion in Newton and Benton Counties
16 In-Kind Donations in Howard County
Appendices
20 County-by-County Results of the Symposium Project
21 Map: Counties Participating in the Symposium Project
22 Table: Indiana Symposium on Child Care Financing: A Framework
for Action
23 Symposium Planning and Implementation Committee Members
24 Private Sector Sponsors of the Symposium
24 Corporate Mentors to County Teams
24 Symposium Presenters
24 County Team Coordinators
25
CCAC Board of Directors
26 CCAC Staff
Acknowledgements
Child Care Action Campaign gratefully acknowledges the many indi-
viduals, organizations, companies, and public agencies, predomi-
nantly in Indiana, who have contributed to the success of the
Indiana Child Care Financing Symposium and the projects it has
launched.
Mrs. Susan Bayh, First Lady of Indiana, and Mrs. Charlene Lugar,
wife of U.S. Senator Richard Lugar, endowed the Symposium with
vision and leadership. As co-chairs of the Symposium they affirmed
the significance of good quality child care to the people of Indiana
and provided invaluable support.
Cheryl Sullivan, Secretary, Indiana Family and Social Services
Administration (FSSA), wisely guided the project's evolution and
ensured its broad impact.
Thanks to Jerry Musich, Executive Director, Indiana Donors
Alliance, the Indiana Child Care Fund, created during the
Symposium project to provide private sector support to child care
initiatives, has found a permanent home.
Carole Stein, Senior Policy Analyst, Office of Planning, Innovations,
and Government Relations, FSSA, has inspired, organized, and as-
sisted all project participants in Indiana and has made a whole out of
many parts. Without her skills and dedication, the Symposium would
not have happened.
Barbara Anderson, consultant, helped build corporate support for
the Symposium. Erin Deemer of the Yale Bush Center in Child
Development and Social Policy, brought expertise in business man-
agement and child care to the development of the Symposium agen-
da and the CCAC slide show presentation.
The many individuals and companies who contributed to the project
as advisers, sponsors, mentors, Symposium presenters, and coordina-
tors of county teams have put the ideas of the Symposium into
action. They are listed on pages 20-21.
The David and Lucile Packard Foundation provided critical support
to CCAC for organizing the Indiana Symposium.
Overview
One morning last winter, in the heartland of Indiana, Rita
Fearnow pinned a bright orange tag on her lapel before setting
out to work as Operations Consultant for McDonald's Cor-
poration in Indiana. Bearing the message, "Orange you glad I
have child care?" Fearnow was one of hundreds of working par-
ents in Howard County who observed "Orange Day" to show
how many employees depend on child care and why firms have
a bottom-line interest in the issue.
In neighboring Miami County, private sector leadership and
contributions by a local utility, a hospital, four small firms and
the Peru Daily Tribune have enabled one center to open and a
second to be planned. (See Box on page 2.) In Bartholomew
County, in the southern part of the state, Cummins Engine has
helped to launch the Community Child Care Fund that is close
to reaching its first year goal of $25,000 to invest in training for
child care providers and other improvements in local child
care programs. (See Box on page 3.) In LaPorte County, which
borders Lake Michigan, First Citizens Bank of Michigan City has
created a below-market-rate loan fund of $50,000 to help family
child care providers spruce up their residences to better accom-
modate and protect young children. (See Box on page 5.)
Business-community partnerships are on the agenda and on
the rise in the 17 counties that are participating in the multi-
year project whose focal event was the Indiana Symposium on
Child Care Financing, held on November 15, 1995. (See Map
on page 21.) The Symposium was spearheaded by Child Care
Action Campaign (CCAC) of New York City and jointly orga-
nized by CCAC and Indiana Family and Social Services Admin-
istration (FSSA). Its goal was to increase the role of private sec-
tor employers as leaders on child care issues and investors in
building the capacity and improving the quality of child care
for working families.
1
Miami County Opens One Center-
and Begins Work on Another
The Symposium helped us so much
It taught us not
church is providing space, utilities, and maintenance. NIPSCO, a
to focus on what we want but on what business needs and
private utility, along with two small businesses-Bryan Steam
can give, to put ourselves in their shoes.
Corporation and Kuepper Favor Company-and the Step Ahead
- Tyra Walker,
Child Care Grant Program have made contributions to build an
Step Ahead Coordinator
attractive, safe playground. Duke Memorial Hospital is supplying
cribs, in-service training, and health training and equipment.
A child care center for 50 infants, toddlers and preschoolers-
Other local employers supporting the project include Heraeus
with a room for sick-child care-is about to open its doors on
Electro-Nite and Woodcrest Manufacturing.
the premises of Peru Grace Brethren Church in Miami County.
This project got a big boost from the Symposium team, whose
Inspired by this success, the publisher of the Peru Daily Tribune
effective media strategies helped to attract business support.
has decided to follow suit. He hopes to convert print shop space
into an on-site child care facility for his eight employees and,
Affordability for parents and quality care for children, not just
space permitting, for the children of employees in a local bank.
more "slots," are the challenging goals of the new center. The
To achieve this goal, the Symposium organizers first invited
county-based teams of public and private sector leaders to define
child care projects for their communities. Once these plans were
formulated, teams were offered access-before, during, and
after the Symposium-to national and state experts, state offi-
cials, and philanthropic and corporate mentors from whom they
gained assistance in carrying out their local initiatives.
Energized and guided by the Symposium, county teams have
produced record results in one year's time. Their achievements
and works in progress include several new or refurbished child
care centers; two employer-supported funds to invest in train-
ing and other measures to improve child care quality; a loan
fund for family child care providers; and a mentoring program
for infant-care providers. Employee surveys, "tool kits" of child
care information for employers, press and television coverage,
and events like Orange Day in Howard County are other
notable accomplishments of county teams. (See County-by-
County Results of the Symposium Project, page 20.)
Project momentum has spread to all corners of Indiana. In fall
1996, another 43 counties will join the Symposium project,
2
which is changing the way Indiana does business and supports
its families.
Growing evidence of grass roots successes has triggered initia-
tives at the state level. These include the production of a half-
hour public awareness video by FSSA and Ball State Teleplex,
an intergenerational program to attract retired seniors as vol-
unteers in child care centers, mentoring by retired corporate
executives to local child care projects, and the consideration of
child care as an economic planning issue by the Indiana
Economic Development Council.
Most significantly, the Indiana Donors Alliance, representing
70 community foundations, has agreed to become the home of
the Indiana Child Care Fund. Originally set up by CCAC and
FSSA to provide seed funding to Symposium teams, the fund
will now continue on a permanent basis to raise corporate,
foundation, and individual contributions to improve child care
throughout the state.
These results, revealed during interviews with Indiana project
participants in summer 1996, confirm the effectiveness of
Lessons Learned in Bartholomew County
The Symposium helped us to define our goal and
year's end. Quickly and objectively, the team tallied successes
opened options for addressing the [child care] issue."
and areas for improvement, as follows:
--Barbara Piper
Step Ahead Coordinator
Successes
Confirmation of project validity
Enlightened leadership on work and family issues by Cummins
A quick launch
Engine Company, the Heritage Fund (a community foundation),
Chamber of Commerce support
the Columbus Area Chamber of Commerce, and the
A matching grant from Cummins Engine Foundation
Bartholomew County Step Ahead Council paved the way for
Good newspaper and radio publicity
the Symposium team to create a Community Child Care Fund.
Progress on needs assessment
The fund will make investments in training, accreditation, facili-
ties, and technical assistance to improve child care quality.
Improvements Needed
Clearer definition of priorities
The original action plan called for raising donations from 53
Revised strategy for fundraising
local businesses, but the plan proved too ambitious. By mid-
Accurate assessment of the competition
1996, the county team had raised donations from nine busi-
A bigger role for city and county governments
nesses and other sources and expected to raise $25,000 by the
Ground rules for group decisionmaking
3
CCAC's strategy of teaming up with strong state partners to
develop and assist local child care initiatives. In addition to the
Indiana event, CCAC has organized similar action-oriented
conferences in Florida, Michigan, and New York. CCAC invites
leaders in other states to consider working with CCAC on a
state symposium to build constituencies and mobilize resources
to expand child care capacity and improve child care quality.
Business-
Since its founding in 1983, CCAC has studied and published
reports on creative strategies for public and private financing of
Community
child care. This focus reflects the fact that market forces-which
Partnerships
shape the vast majority of child care decisions in America-can-
on the Front
not ensure care that meets children's developmental needs and
Lines:
enables families to fulfill their job responsibilities.
CCAC's
On the demand side, the large majority of working families
Child Care
cannot afford the cost of good quality child care. Families who
Financing
pay for child care pay, on average, about $3,800 per year for
one or more preschool children, according to the U.S. Census
Symposia
Bureau. ] By contrast, national experts peg the cost of providing
good quality care at $6,400 to $8,300 per child per year.²
On the supply, side providers struggle, too often unsuccessfully,
to survive on fees that parents can afford, and their high rates
of staff turnover disrupt the continuity of care on which chil-
dren depend.2 Nor, on typical fees, can providers offer children
the labor-intensive programs-with trained staff, small group
sizes, and low child-to-adult ratios-that encourage frequent,
responsive adult interactions with each child, which are at the
heart of "quality."
The tight budgets of parents and the shoestring economics of
providers go a long way toward explaining what research
abundantly documents: that most child care in America is
mediocre to poor, and some is downright dangerous.³ Poor
quality child care adversely affects the growth and develop-
4
ment of children and jeopardizes their prospects for future
success in school and work.
Poor quality child care also affects the bottom line of business.
Employees with undependable child care worry on the job,
lose concentration, and have higher rates of tardiness and ab-
senteeism than co-workers, according to national and local sur-
veys. Even so, employers often do not take steps to support de-
pendable child care for employees. Their reasons range from a
traditional view of the divided spheres of work and family to a
lack of evidence of the problem and limited familiarity with
solutions. Many employers, for example, still believe that sup-
port for child care means building on-site centers, whereas
many other lower-cost options exist in every community.
Certainly, employers need better data showing the impact of
child care on productivity and identifying options for action
where problems exist. Yet persuasive data do not always clinch
the case for business investment in an arena that most employ-
ers find hard to decipher. Unlike school systems, child care has
no unified structure, no district budget or boards. Family child
LaPorte County Establishes a
Loan Fund for Family Child Care Providers
The Symposium has been enlightening It gave us
cent interest rate. Applicants must first receive a referral from
impetus to do more. Now we are pulling together our
LaPorte County Step Ahead. The maximum a provider can bor-
business plan and our pitch to business is: 'You've told us
row is $5,000 for a period of 60 months. Repayments will
child care is important. Well, this is what we've done, this is
revert to the loan fund for re-lending.
what we will do next, and this is what we need from you.'
-Dr. Janice Katz
"This is a wonderful opportunity for licensed in-home child care
Clinical Psychologist
providers, and First Citizens Bank is a great corporate citizen,"
Michigan City
says Adrienne Gottlieb, LaPorte County Step Ahead
Coordinator.
Positively influenced by the Symposium team in LaPorte County,
First Citizens Bank of Michigan City has announced its intention
Several team members in the Symposium project had formerly
to create an installment loan product to assist in-home child
helped to found the Michigan City Child Care Consortium in
care providers refurbish their residences.
1992 by raising $64,000 in start-up.funding for a child care
center, primarily from five local employers. The team now seeks
Under its new program, Care Providers, First Citizens Bank will
both to expand this center and to encourage employers to con-
lend up to $50,000 to family child care providers, at a five per-
sider other types of investment in child care.
5
care homes, churches, centers, neighbors, preschools, Head
Start programs, relatives, play groups, and vacation camps are
among the dozens of sources of care and education that consti-
tute "child care" for working parents.
Because of child care's diverse forms, employers seeking to
realize benefits from child care investments are often well-
advised to team up with partners who know the child care ter-
rain, can define attractive investment opportunities, and can
assist in organizing or managing these investments. Such part-
ners may include public agencies, foundations, nonprofit orga-
nizations, child care resource and referral agencies, and the
full array of local child care providers.
To increase the visibility, number, and impact of business-com-
munity partnerships is the goal of CCAC's state symposia on
child care financing. These partnerships are on the front lines
of endeavors to solve the child care crisis in America because
child care solutions are always local (although a strong state role
and a strong federal role are essential) and because no one sec-
tor will finance the good quality care that all children deserve.
A CCAC-state financing symposium helps state partners work
with communities to define child care priorities, bring business
partners to the table, and launch collaborative activities to
expand child care supply and improve quality. Once local pub-
Step Ahead Improves Child Care in Indiana
Indiana understands the critical role quality child care
$24 million in additional federal funding to expand educational
plays in helping children reach their full potential,
programs, enhance early intervention services, and increase the
according to Cheryl Sullivan, Secretary of Indiana Family
number of licensed child care providers.
and Social Services Administration. Under Secretary Sullivan's
leadership Governor Evan Bayh's Step Ahead Initiative has been
"When Indiana's Step Ahead Councils conducted their own
implemented in all 92 Indiana counties.
needs assessments, 85 counties identified child care as their
priority service need," recounts Secretary Sullivan. "Those
The Step Ahead process permits local counties to combine vari-
needs differ from community to community and from family to
ous funding streams to deliver services that communities have
family. Indiana has moved aggressively to expand not only the
identified as priorities. By simplifying bureaucracy and imple-
capacity for child care but the quality of child care as well, in
menting creative approaches, Step Ahead has attracted over
all counties."
6
lic-private sector teams are on the move, higher-level decision
makers in corporate, philanthropic, and policy arenas can tar-
get their resources and investments in ways directly responsive
to local child care priorities. Thus can grass roots and state-
level initiatives push each other forward to create broad-scale
changes that benefit children and families, as is clearly illustrat-
ed by the Indiana project.
Step Ahead
"Before the Symposium, we had this pie-in-the-sky outlook.
and the
Now we have a good handle on things. The Symposium started
the ball rolling."
Origins of
the Indiana
The speaker is Teri Carr, until recently Step Ahead Coordin-
ator of Fulton County. Under Carr's leadership, a community
Symposium
team from "the middle of nowhere" wrote a proposal to partici-
pate in the 1995 Indiana Symposium on Child Care Financing
by spelling out its goal: the construction of a new child care
center to meet acute local need. In Fulton County, where 67.3
percent of mothers with children under five work outside the
home, only 185 licensed child care spaces are available to meet
a demand estimated at 1500 of the county's youngest children.
The shortage of child care in Fulton County resembles condi-
tions in the 17 counties whose Step Ahead Councils joined the
Symposium project. Indiana Step Ahead Councils, one in each
of the state's 92 counties, were created by legislation in 1991,
under the leadership of Governor Evan Bayh, to simplify state
bureaucracy and increase public sector responsiveness to local
needs. (See Box on page 6.) Step Ahead Councils set priorities
for public programs serving families and children, administer
child care subsidies, expand early intervention programs, and
play a leadership role in launching local projects.
Periodic needs assessments by Step Ahead Councils show that
child care is a top priority nearly everywhere in the state. In the
Symposium counties, between 57 and 67 percent of women
7
with children five or younger work outside the home. Infant
care is in critically short supply. Care for sick children and care
during increasingly common extended hours and weekend
shifts are unavailable in many locations. Care for special needs
children is spotty: in rural Benton and Newton Counties, on
the Illinois border, the nearest child care program for children
with special needs is located a county away-too harsh a trek
for three- and four-year-olds.
As largely volunteer bodies, Step Ahead Councils grapple with
the disparity between their vision of a world of good and plenti-
ful child care and their bare-bones staff and budgets. Moreover,
federal and state welfare reform requirements will cause an in-
flux of children needing care into a system already inadequate
to meet existing demand for good quality care. By 1995, many
Step Ahead Councils were looking for ways to bring new part-
ners and resources to the table to expand child care supply and
improve child care quality.
"The Symposium offered Step Ahead Councils a great opportu-
nity," says Carole Stein who, as senior policy analyst at FSSA,
invited CCAC to bring a financing symposium to Indiana, and
took the lead in rallying state partners and directing the project
in Indiana. CCAC's exploratory trip in fall 1994 confirmed the
strong interest of state agency officials, child care providers, and
Step Ahead Councils in pursuing a collaborative project. From
that point on, recalls Stein, "This project has just kept growing."
A Three-tier
The Indiana Symposium evolved in three tiers as a powerful
Framework
national-state-local framework for action. (See Table: Indiana
Symposium on Child Care Financing: A Framework for Action on
for Action
page 22.) CCAC contributed its expertise, strategic capability,
links to resources and innovators across the country, and media
skills. At the state level, FSSA brought high-level political sup-
port, organizational capability, state and local networks, and
access to information and resources. Locally, Step Ahead teams
8
brought grass roots savvy, action goals, practical strategies, and
implementation capacity.
First CCAC and FSSA worked out their collaboration. Then
Step Ahead partners were brought to the table through a pro-
posal process. In order to participate, a Step Ahead Council had
to recruit a team that included an elected official and represen-
tatives of a local business, a financial institution, a philanthropic
foundation, the regional private industry council, the Chamber
of Commerce, parents, and agencies or programs in health,
education, and child care. Teams were required to submit a
plan to expand child care capacity and/or improve quality by
means of strategies designed to attract private sector investment.
Once counties submitted proposals, CCAC and FSSA pursued
corporate sources of seed funding to help counties implement
their plans. To demonstrate high-level support for this effort,
Mrs. Susan Bayh, First Lady of Indiana, and Mrs. Charlene
Lugar, wife of U.S. Senator Richard Lugar, hosted a lunch for
top officials from two dozen companies, at which CCAC presi-
dent Richard B. Stolley was the featured speaker. Nearly all of
the companies represented at the lunch made donations to a
seed-grant fund for Symposium counties which later became
the Indiana Child Care Fund.
The Indiana
At the Symposium, co-chaired by Mrs. Bayh and Mrs. Lugar in
the Indiana Statehouse, county teams learned about creative
Symposium
child care financing strategies in use by national, state, and
local innovators. These strategies included community-focused
investments in child care quality by AT&T, an employer-sup-
ported child care consortium managed by Allen County Child
Care of Fort Wayne, community organization techniques and
child care programs of Eastside Community Investments of
Indianapolis, and family child care recruitment and training
programs of the Oregon Child Development Fund of the
Oregon Community Foundation. Afternoon workshops en-
9
Two Routes to Child Care Support in a Company
Typically, employers can invest in child care projects through one or both of two different departments: Community
Relations and Human Resources (or their equivalents). Each department pursues different company goals; therefore each
must be approached in a different way. The following table summarizes key features of these departments that affect the
fate of a proposal for corporate support. This table was prepared by Candice Lange, Manager, Human Resources, Work and
Family, Eli Lilly & Company.
Community Relations
Human Resources
Source of Funds
Corporate foundation
Operating budget
Business Goals
Corporate social responsibility
Employee productivity, retention
What's the Competition?
Other worthy causes in the
Other human resources programs
community
and expenses
Employer Interest and
Somewhat limited
Specfic outcomes expected
Involvement
How Employees Benefit
As part of the community
Preferentially
abled teams to refine their original proposals and specify
action goals for the following year.
Also featured at the Symposium was the CCAC presentation,
"Child Care on a Shoestring," a slide show that employed bud-
get data about Indiana child care centers and family child care
homes to demonstrate why poor quality child care has econom-
ic origins beyond the capacity of parents and providers alone to
alter, and why business has a bottom-line interest in investing in
child care. A video, "A History of Child Care in Indiana," pre-
pared by FSSA and the Ball State University Teleplex Center,
encapsulated the evolution of child care programs in Indiana
and ended with powerful testimony for family-friendly policies
by CEOs of prominent Indiana companies.
Following the Symposium, county teams received overhead
transparencies of "Child Care on a Shoestring" along with the
FSSA-Ball State video for use in public awareness activities. In
subsequent months, FSSA provided continuous technical assis-
tance to teams in the form of periodic meetings for team coor-
dinators, referrals to sources of expertise, circulation of materi-
als, and workshops on special subjects in which CCAC partici-
10
pated. In addition, corporate supporters of the symposium
offered managerial staff as mentors to assist county teams in
designing and carrying out effective approaches to prospective
private sector partners. (See Boxes on pages 10 and 11.) This
targeted technical assistance was critically important in helping
county teams to keep up their morale and their momentum. In
addition, seed grants were disbursed in May 1996 to county
teams from the Indiana Child Care Fund.
Bringing
Returning home after the Symposium, county teams quickly
discovered, if they did not already know, that effective business-
Local
community partnerships do not spring into being overnight.
Employers
Success requires multiple approaches, several strategies, and
to the Table:
dialogue and action over the long term. The activities in use by
counties to build partnerships, and the lessons learned, are
Lessons
summarized below.
Learned by
Symposium
Build Awareness. Building awareness is the first step to finding
and engaging employers as partners in community child care
Teams
projects, report county teams. "We in business have no idea,"
says Guy Spencer, owner of a print shop in Gary who joined the
Lake County Step Ahead Team to learn what could be done to
overcome this barrier to change. (See Box on page 12.)
How to Use Your 15 Minutes With a CEO
asked. Then listen carefully to the response.
Nine Steps to Success in Winning
6. Explain what role the company can play and how it will ben-
efit.
Corporate Friends for Child Care
7. Find a competitor that is doing the same thing, because busi-
1. Focus on the effect of child care on the bottom line.
ness leaders do not want to be perceived as lagging behind
2. Do your homework. Be sure you know the background of
the competition.
the company you are approaching and their policies regard-
8. Don't go in with your hand out. Stress that you are interest-
ing family-related issues.
ed in the company's support, which can take various forms.
3. Have a presentation prepared so you do not waste the CEO's
Listen to the CEO's suggestions.
time.
9. Don't say "nobody cares." The person who comes through is
4. Use simple, everyday language and use statistics.
the one who has a positive attitude.
5. Show the CEO what you can do for that company. Be pre-
Based on interview with Pat Riecks
pared to present a detailed description of your program, if
Human Resources Coordinator, PSI Energy
11
Not Too Small to Care:
Small Business Champions of Child Care
Two of the most vocal business advocates for child care
to round up the resources needed to create a child care center.
in the Symposium project run small businesses. They know
first hand that employees' child care woes sap productivity, and
Gary Spencer owns a small print shop in Lake County. When
they are working with Symposium teams to expand local child
they can't make other arrangements, parents who work for him
care capacity.
are allowed to bring children to work. As a parent himself, he
understands their worries.
Greg Robinson runs a McDonald's franchise with a staff of 60 in
Rochester, Indiana. He reports that he often receives calls from
As a member of the Lake County Step Ahead team, Spencer
employees saying they can't come to work because "their baby
believes that lack of awareness is the primary obstacle to an
sitter didn't show up, or quit. So I am left hanging," Robinson
expanded child care role for business. To help overcome this
laments. "My business is left hanging. I have to find somebody
barrier, the team plans to conduct a survey of working parents
to work that shift. Child care is a matter of big interest to me."
to demonstrate to employers what types of child care invest-
Robinson is working with the Fulton County Step Ahead team
ments would be likely to boost business productivity.
Topping the list of "awareness" activities by county teams, in
terms of frequency, are presentations of CCAC's "Child Care
on a Shoestring" to Rotary, Kiwanis, Lions, sororities, Cham-
bers of Commerce, and other civic and community groups. By
offering this presentation, county teams find it easy to get on
the agenda of local organizations. In rural areas the "grape-
vine" supplements organized presentations; casual encounters
and ad hoc conversations expand the circle of those who are
informed about community child care initiatives.
Information brochures and resource guides, or "tool kits," are
in production in six counties to supply data to business on the
benefits of investing in community-based child care resources.
(See, for example, the Marion County plan described in the
Box on page 13.) Press attention to child care has been
achieved through innovative events like Orange Day in Howard
County and a candlelight vigil in Miami County. Step Ahead
Coordinators in Bartholomew, Elkhart, and LaPorte Counties
have succeeded in getting letters or columns printed in local
papers. A CCAC workshop and materials provided important
technical assistance to help county teams develop effective
media strategies.
12
Make the Case and Set Priorities. As local employers learn
about child care issues, they may nonetheless distance them-
selves from solutions, report the county teams. "I caders of
many local businesses are 'traditional' in their belief that the
workplace should have nothing to do with homc life. Other
companies may feel they cannot afford 'extra' benefits," ob-
serves Michelle Janin of the Cummins Engine Foundation.
To overcome resistance, "use statistics to prove that hild care
affects the bottom line," urges Wendell Gooch, who owns the
Orange County Publishing Company. Business people are busy,
cautions Ron Humphrey, president of Kentland Bank in New-
ton County, so child care teams need to be "very specific."
Seeking local data to make the case to employers. Delaware,
Elkhart, and Lake Counties are conducting survey of local
employees' child care needs and are benefiting gre,ssi the tech-
nical assistance of a corporate mentor provided by Lincoln
National Corporation as part of the Symposium project. In
Orange County, a county-wide survey and lunche" meetings
for employers will help the local team learn more about which
businesses might be open to contact and collaborative endeav-
or. Identifying the right decision maker in each company is
Marion County Attracts Philanthropic Support
eiving child
The Symposium started the ball rolling, and we must
consumer education materials to help pare
make sure the ball keeps on rolling.
care subsidies to select care arrangement meet both
-Gayle Spicer
children's developmental needs and parents will goals; and
Step Ahead Coordinator
spents
to
influ-
community advocacy to build the capacrt
The Symposium project developed by the Marion County team
ence state policy makers to respond effer the child
seeks to link business-community partnerships in child care with
care needs of low-income families.
other efforts to support families who are required by state and
Campaign,
federal law to leave welfare for jobs. Project components
Thanks to technical assistance by Child Care
the
Moriah
include
the Marion County team has received sups/
Mariapolis-
Fund of Washington, D.C. for this project
ordinating the
tool kits and a speakers bureau to inform employers about
based Opportunities Industrialization Center:
work of the Marion County Step Ahead
corporate
the economic impact of child care;
mentors to carry out this initiative.
a Grow Child Care Fund to increase private sector investments
in child care quality improvements including training;
13
A Mentor Helps Fulton County
Our mentor has been very helpful in providing busi-
Land has already been donated.
ness perspectives. She gives us moral support and
direction.
A key ingredient in this progress is Anna Rust, assistant vice pres-
-Teri Carr
ident of Conseco, a large financial services company headquar-
Step Ahead Coordinator
tered in Indianapolis. As corporate mentor to Fulton County,
Rust has offered advice by phone on many occasions.
Fulton County did not expect to participate in the Symposium
project because, according to Teri Carr, the county is "in the
"I have tried to explain how to get to the right person, the
middle of nowhere, the country mouse. We didn't feel we had
decision maker, says Rust. "I find that often we spend an inordi-
anything to showcase or feel important about."
nate amount of time talking to the wrong person."
Yet at the Symposium the county team "embraced the concept
This input made all the difference to Carr, who wishes that Rust
of an employer consortium." Now the team is seeking employer
could have been available before the Symposium. Rust, for her
backing for a new child care center. A McDonald's franchise
part, is amazed that a few phone calls mattered. But, indeed,
and an elder care facility would like to help out in some way.
they did.
critical, advises the corporate mentor to Fulton County. (See
Box on page 14.)
An effective case for business support also requires that clear
priorities be set within the child care community, as the
Bartholomew County team learned. After launching a bold plan
for a business-supported Community Child Care Fund, the team
realized that they needed to do more work to establish commu-
nity consensus about which investments would bring the highest
returns to employers, families, children and the community.
Win Champions and Extend the Vision. One objective of
persuading local employers that child care merits their con-
cern is to encourage them to step forward as champions-
advocates for child care whose public status attracts significant
attention and support from new quarters. "People must first be
able to share the vision, then financial and other kinds of sup-
port will follow," explains Jay Brinkman, a chiropractor and
president of South Newton School Board, in describing the
strategy of the team working in Newton and Benton Counties.
(See Box on page 15.)
14
Several county teams are spreading their child care vision by
linking their projects with economic development experts and
organizations. The joint project of Clark, Floyd, Harrison, and
Scott Counties is headed by Jerry Wheat, a professor of busi-
ness at Indiana University Southeast, who contributes a valu-
able outside perspective to this four-county collaboration. In
Randolph County, a local economic development agency has
taken the lead on the Symposium project. In Lake County, the
Step Ahead team has expanded to include members of the
local welfare-to-work planning team.
In Newton and Benton Counties, the multi-county Kankakee
Valley Workforce Development Council is proving a strong
regional partner. The council's economic development mis-
sion, strong ties to elected officials and business leaders, and
communication resources are helping to build local support
for the multi-purpose center that will house a child care pro-
gram for special needs children-and perhaps one of the coun-
cil's programs as well.
Friendly Persuasion in Newton and Benton Counties
The Symposium really helped me. We took a group of
community takes place primarily in neighbor-to-neighbor talk.
people from Benton and Newton Counties and we sat
down together and listened to one another [on the sub-
Using strategies picked up at the Symposium, Brinkman reports,
ject of child care] for the first time. We realized we have a
"We have approached business and told them, 'we have some-
lot of common needs. That's when all this took off.
thing for you.' We have offered them a solution to their high
-Dr. Jay Brinkman
rate of absenteeism among employees. We have offered them a
President
solution to their problem of people leaving to find other jobs.
South Newton School Board
We know they spend a lot of money hiring and training people,
so we have said, 'Why don't we work together?' The response
"Happenstance" is how Dr. Jay Brinkman describes the origin
has been overwhelming."
of the Symposium project in Newton and Benton Counties:
One day, at a local mall, he ran into Pam Hasser, the Newton
Buoyed by growing community interest in the center, the New-
County Step Ahead Coordinator. She told him about special
ton-Benton team has already convinced an architect to donate
needs children whose parents had no child care center in the
renovation designs, persuaded contractors to give a 44 percent
county. He told her his dream of converting a house on school
discount on construction, identified a fiscal agent, and discov-
property into a preschool. The two quickly joined forces.
ered a project partner in the Kankakee Valley Workforce, which
may use center space for welfare-to-work training for adults.
Pulling together a team and attending the Symposium jump-
started the Newton-Benton plan. Now, rolling it out in the
15
Offer Options for Action. County teams emphasize that signifi-
cantly greater financial resources must be found in order to
build an adequate supply of good quality child care for working
families. Yet many of them acknowledge that they must be flexi-
ble-and patient-about the requests they make to employers.
A menu or list of investment options, with affordable choices
for employers of all sizes, is in the works in LaPorte County.
Here, two child care consortia have been created with employ-
er support in the past few years. Now, stimulated by the Sympo-
sium, the county seeks to expand the base of employer involve-
ment by drawing attention to a broad range of investment
options including Dependent Care Assistance Plans (DCAPs),
which benefit both employers and working families by permit-
ting employees to put a portion of pre-tax earnings into an
account to help pay for child care.
Employers involved with the local teams encourage broad think-
ing. "Funds are tight this year," reports Greg Robinson, a
McDonald's franchise owner and a supporter of the Fulton
County team. "But we can still get involved by lining up pro-
viders, finding the building, being flexible with work hours."
In-Kind Donations in Howard County
The fact that we have worked
Contributions of these items would im-
Landscaping products
together and developed rap-
prove the learning environments, increase
Mulch
port, that people were brought
management efficiency, and add flexibility
Trash cans
together made a tremendous impact
to providers' budgets to better support
Storage crates
on the community. The Symposium pro-
staff and training.
Coat racks
ject has connected us all and built this
Partitions
foundation. / can say whatever happens
Fax machines
Shelving
we would probably go on working
Computers & software
Art easels
together.
Copy machines
-Jeannie Landseadel
Printer
Child-size chairs
Child Care Center Director
Office chairs
Child-size tables
Kokomo
File cabinets
Commercial sweepers
Paper
Baby cribs
A drive for in-kind donations from busi-
Envelopes
High chairs
ness to "sustain and upgrade" existing
Pencils
Cots
child care centers, is the Symposium plan
Pens
Play kitchens
in Howard County. The team's preliminary
File folders
Baby bibs & washcloths
list contains the following items, identi-
Art materials
Paper products (tissues, etc.)
fied as lacking in many child care sites.
16
In-kind donations by employers are one alternative to financial
support, at least in the short term. In Orange County there is a
history of obtaining such in-kind donations from businesses. In
one case, the gas company contributed labor to move a gas line
affected by construction work at a child care center, a service
valued at $2,500. Free architectural advice and a below market
quote from a construction contractor are bringing the Newton-
Benton center closer to realization. The Howard County team
has compiled a wish list ranging from computers to toys in the
hope that local employers will donate these badly needed items
to local child care centers. (See Box on page 16.)
Financial contributions by employers have boosted projects in
three counties. The recipients are a center for infants, toddlers,
and sick-child care in Miami County; the Community Child
Care Fund in Bartholomew County; and a loan fund for refur-
bishing family child care residences in LaPorte County.
The Indiana
The achievements of county teams-well supported and given
visibility by FSSA staff-have ignited state-level initiatives in pub-
Child Care
lic awareness, senior citizen participation in child care, corpo-
Fund and
rate mentoring, and state economic planning. Representing
the Snowball
the biggest success to date is the recent decision by the Indiana
Donors Alliance (IDA) to provide a permanent home for the
Effect
Indiana Child Care Fund.
Under IDA's direction the fund will raise corporate, founda-
tion, and other private contributions to invest in strengthening
the state's child care infrastructure (e.g., training and mentor-
ing for child care providers), developing child care expertise
across the state, and increasing public awareness of child care
issues. IDA's new commitment to child care reflects the grow-
ing interest of its member foundations in supporting efforts
that improve the quality of life for children, according to exec-
utive director Jerry Musich. In addition to creating the state
17
fund, IDA will educate its members about opportunities to
establish "field of interest" child care investment funds-to
attract donor dollars into community-based child care projects
like those undertaken by Symposium teams.
As Symposium-linked activities enter their third year, fully two-
thirds of all counties in Indiana will be involved in creating or
continuing business-community child care partnerships. The
snowball effect shows no sign of slowing. This rapid evolution
demonstrates how quickly communities can move to improve
child care when offered appropriately-designed opportunities,
incentives, and technical assistance. However, the Indiana pro-
ject also reveals that grass roots initiatives need higher level
support-for example, from regional agencies, state govern-
ment, state and national philanthropies, large companies,
and/or federal agencies. Otherwise they can wither quickly,
wasting precious opportunities to realize the commitment to
children and families that Americans profess.
The Symposium model of change is well-suited for success in
the current political climate that favors smaller government and
local control. Moreover, as the Symposium project draws broad-
er numbers of Indiana institutions into the circle of its impact,
state leaders are increasingly raising big questions toward which
recent accomplishments point: What is the appropriate role for
government, business and philanthropy in helping working par-
ents meet their child care needs? What would it take to solve
the child care problem for all families in the state?
Answers must be found, not only in Indiana, but in every state.
If amplified by appropriate leadership and communications,
the resolutions that states develop-or their steps toward such
resolutions-can help lay the foundations of a national consen-
sus that is urgently needed in order to combine private and
public resources to finance good quality child care for all fami-
lies that need it.
18
I
Notes
U.S. Bureau of the Census (1995). What Does It Cost to Mind Our Preschoolers?
(pp. 50-52).
2 B. Willer (1990). "Estimating the Full Cost of Quality," in B. Willer, Ed., Reaching
the Full Cost of Quality in Early Childhood Programs. Washington, D.C. National
Association for the Education of Young Children.
3 Center-based child care providers earn, on average, $6.70 per hour. For a typical
work year of fifty 35-hour weeks, the average salary is $11,725. Source: White-
book, M., et al. (1993). National Child Care Staffing Study Revisited: Four Years in the
Life of Center-based Child Care. Washington, D.C.: National Center for the Early
Childhood Work Force.
4 According to a recent in-depth study of 401 randomly sampled child care cen-
ters in four states, only one in seven centers (14%) offered developmentally
appropriate care; one in eight (12%) offered "less than minimal" care; and the
vast majority offered mediocre care. Source: Helburn, S., et al. (1995). Cost,
Quality and Child Outcomes in Child Care Centers. University of Colorado at Denver.
According to another recent study, researchers in three states, who oversampled
low-income and minority areas, reported that, "Only 9 percent of the homes in
this study are rated as good quality (meaning growth-enhancing), while 56 per-
cent are rated as adequate/custodial (neither growth-enhancing nor growth-
harming), and 35 percent are rated as inadequate (growth-harming).' Source:
Galinsky, E., et al. (1995). The Study of Children in Family Child Care and Relative
Care: Highlights of Findings. New York, NY: Families and Work Institute.
19
County-by-County Results
of the Symposium Project
In the year since the November 1995 Indiana
premises; the county Step Ahead Council will
Symposium on Child Care Financing, Step Ahead
help administer the fund.
teams in the 17 participating counties have
achieved the following results in their efforts to
Lake County. A survey of employees' child
build business-community child care partnerships.
care needs will be conducted and is expected to
show acute infant and toddler care shortages. The
Bartholomew County. The Community Child
county team broadened its community base by
Care Fund has been created to solicit corporate
including local welfare-to-work planning council
and philanthropic donations to improve training,
members.
facilities, and other aspects of child care quality
and supply. The Fund expects to raise $25,000
Marion County. The Symposium project has
in 1996.
attracted support from the Moriah Fund to con-
duct outreach to business leaders, create a
Clark, Floyd, Harrison, and Scott
Grow Child Care Fund, distribute parent educa-
Counties. A "tool kit" of informational materials
tion brochures, and conduct local advocacy for
is being distributed to promote business leaders'
better quality, affordable child care for low-
understanding that good quality child care con-
income families.
tributes to business productivity.
Miami County. A new child care center has
Delaware County. Ivy Tech Community Col-
opened, thanks to extensive local press coverage
lege is creating a mentoring program for family
of child care issues and support from a major util-
child care providers, especially those caring for
ity, a hospital, and several local businessses. The
infants. A survey of local employees will be used
publisher of the local newspaper is seeking help
to target child care improvement priorities.
to start an on-site child care center to serve his
employees and those of a neighboring bank.
Elkhart County. A survey instrument is being
developed to assess employees' child care
Newton and Benton Counties. Broad local
needs. The county has attracted local press cover-
support has been developed to convert a build-
age of child care issues and editorial support.
ing on school property into a preschool center for
children with special needs; in-kind donations
Fulton County. Land has been donated to build
from various businesses will reduce construction
a child care center for which the support of a con-
costs.
sortium of employers is sought.
Orange County. A local child care center
Howard County. "Orange Day" was orga-
seeks to expand by identifying new business part-
nized to demonstrate working parents' reliance
ners. An employee survey and employer lunches to
on child care. In-kind donations from employers
increase corporate support are under way.
to child care centers will be sought. United Way
and public schools are paying more attention to
Randolph County. Several strategies are
child care.
planned to attract the attention and support of
business to respond to the well-documented surge
LaPorte County. First Citizens Bank of Michi-
in child care needs anticipated as welfare reform
gan City has created a $50,000 loan fund to
activities proceed.
help family child care providers refurbish their
20
Counties Participating in the
Symposium Project
LAPORTE
ST. JOSEPH
ELKHART
LA GRANGE
STEUBEN
LAKE
PORTER
NOBLE
DE KALB
MARSHALL
STARKE
KOSCIUSKO
IASPER
WHITLEY
ALLEN
NEWTON
PULASKI
FULTON
WABASH
HUNT.
WHITE
MIAMI
INGTON
CASS
WELLS
ADAMS
SENTON
CARROLL
GRANT
TIPPECANOE
HOWARD
BLACK-
JAY
FORD
WARREN
CLINTON
TIPTON
MADISON
DELAWARE
RANDOLPH
FOUNTAIN
MONTGOMERY
HAMILTON
BOONE
HENRY
WAYNE
M
PARKE
HENDRICKS
MARION
HANCOCK
PUTNAM
RUSH
SHELBY
FAYETTE
LINION
JOHNSON
MORGAN
VIGO
CLAY
FRANKLIN
OWEN
DECATUR
MONROE
BROWN
BARTHOLOMEW
DEARBORN
SULLIVAN
RIPLEY
GREENE
ENNINGS
JACKSON
LAWRENCE
JOHIO
MARTIN
EFFERSON
SWITZERLAND
KNOX
DAVIESS
WASHINGTON
50017
ORANGE
CLARK
PIKE
DUBOIS
CIBSON
CRAWFORD
ROYD
HARRISON
PERRY
WARRICK
POSEY
SPENCER
VANDER
iz;
BURCH
1995 Participating Counties
1996 Participating Counties
21
22
Indiana Symposium on Child Care Financing:
A Framework for Action
The Indiana Symposium brought business-community teams together with national and state experts to plan local projects to attract private sector
resources to improve child care and boost business productivity. The Symposium launched child care initiatives in 17 counties, a state child care fund, new
state policies, and an expanding network of child care advocates. The following table depicts the steps taken by Child Care Action Campaign, Indiana
Family and Social Services Administration (FSSA), and other partners to plan and carry out the Symposium event and the year of implementation activities
that followed.
SPRING
FALL
SPRING
SUMMER
NOVEMBER 15,
WINTER
FALL
SUMMER
WINTER 1994
1995
FALL 1995
1995
1995-96
1996
1996
CHILD CARE
Invitation to bring
Intensive
Keynote given at
Action resources
Media training
National visibility
ACTION
Symposium model to
assistance
corporate lunch;
created for
offered to
enhanced for
CAMPAIGN
Indiana accepted.
given to FSSA.
assistance given
counties.
counties.
Indiana model.
to county teams.
FSSA AND PUBLIC-
Symposium planned; requests
Assistance given to
State initiatives
Video produced;
PRIVATE SECTOR
for proposals (RFPs) sent to
county teams.
launched to
county achieve-
PLANNING COMMITTEE
counties; assistance given to
expand support for
ments documented.
counties.
communities.
COUNTY
Local projects defined
Projects refined
Projects
Results and lessons
STEP AHEAD
through RFP process;
and launched.
implemented.
assessed.
COUNCILS
public-private sector teams
recruited.
CORPORATE
Attended corporate
Strategic assistance,
Assistance to
Continued
ADVISERS,
lunch at Governor's
donations to Indiana
county teams and
participation in
DONORS &
residence.
Child Care Fund, and
additional
Indiana Child Care
MENTORS
mentors provided.
donations given.
Fund.
INDIANA
Permanent home provided for Indiana
DONORS
Child Care Fund.
ALLIANCE
Symposium
Carole Stein, Chair, FSSA/Office of Planning
Barbara Anderson, Consultant
Planning and
Edward Alexander, Goodwill Industries of Central Indiana
Dr. Barbara Batchelor, Day Nursery
Implementation
Charlene Burkett, FSSA/ Bureau of Family Independence
Committee
Keith Carver, FSSA/Child Care Licensing
Ellen Clippinger, At-Your-School Services
Members
Dr. Roselyn Cole, Auntie Mame's Child Development Center
Bobby Conner, FSSA//Division of Disability, Aging, and Rehabilitative Services
Karen Copeland, Children's Education Center
Janet Corson, FSSA/Division of Mental Health
Debbie Davis, Indiana Department of Commerce
Charles Deppert, Indiana State AFL-CIO
Tom Friedmann, historian
Karen Glaser, Junior League of Indianapolis
Maureen Greer, FSSA/Bureau of Child Development/First Steps
Gaye Gronlund, early childhood education consultant
Lisa Hamilton, Junior League of Indianapolis
Jerome Hauer, Indiana Workforce Development
Michael J. Jakubisin, Indiana Workforce Development
Mae Z. Jimison, Indiana State Department of Health
Betty Johnson, Indiana Department of Education
Sam Jones, Indianapolis Urban League
Tim Kelly, Indiana Human Resources Investment Council
Jan Keltz, Indiana Alliance for Better Child Care
Ralph Komasinski, Indiana Workforce Development
Candi Lange, Eli Lilly & Company
Sandra Loyd, Saint Mary-of-the-Woods College
Janet Luddy, Junior Leagues of Indiana
Peggy O'Malley, Indiana Workforce Development
Sue McCaffrey, United Way of Central Indiana
Lauralee Martin, FSSA/Bureau of Child Development
Tammy Miller, McDonald's Corporation
Ginny Morris, FSSA/Bureau of Aging and In-Home Services
Nan Nicol, Vigo County Step Ahead
Donna Olsen, Indiana Parent Information Network
Cal Olson, Dependent Care Management of Indiana
Jackie Pitman, FSSA/Division of Disability, Aging, and Rehabilitative Services
Professor Douglas Powell, Purdue University
Fran Reigle, Montgomery County Step Ahead
Pat Riecks, PSI Energy
Gail Richardson, Child Care Action Campaign
Carol Rolland, Lincoln National Corporation
Professor Ena Shelley, Butler University
Candes Shelton, Indiana Child Care Fund
Don Smith, First National Bank (Terre Haute)
Doreen Smith and Peg Smith, Indiana Youth Institute
Bill Stephen, Indianapolis Division of Workforce Development
Lorna Sterling, Intergenerational Programs
Sharon Sullivan, tvy Tech College
Marsha Thompson, Indiana Parent Information Network
Marlane Tisdale, Indiana Association for the Education of Young Children
Graham Toft, Economic Development Council
Joyce Tucker, Greenleaf Community Center
Roy Vanderford, Indiana Education and Training
Dianna Wallace, FSSA/Office of Planning/Step Ahead
Judy Waugh, WRTV, Channel 6
Nina White, Indiana Workforce Development
Carlis Williams, FSSA/Bureau of Family Independence
Sam Young, FSSA/Family of Aging and In-Home Services
23
Private Sector
American States Foundation
American Cablevision
Sponsors of
Brightpointe, Inc.
CB Commercial
the Symposium
Conseco
Cummins Engine
Eli Lilly & Co.
Golden Rule Insurance
Ice Miller Donadio & Ryan
IPALCO Enterprises
Indianapolis Water Company
IWC Resources Corporation
Junior League of Indianapolis
Lincoln National Corporation
Marsh Supermarkets
Maytag
McDonald's Corporation
NBD Bank
Northern Indiana Public Service Company (NIPSCO)
PSI Energy
Resort Condominiums International
Society National Bank
Weiss Communications and Indianapolis Woman
William N. Wishard Memorial Hospital
WISH/TV
Work-Family Directions
Corporate
Candice Lange, Eli Lilly & Company
Mindy Lewis, Cummins Engine
Mentors to
Pat Riecks, PSI Energy
Carol Rolland, Lincoln National Corporation
County Teams
Candes Shelton, Junior Leagues of Indiana
Anna Rust, Conseco
Linda Strickland, Wishard Memorial Hospital
Phyllis Wilkins, NBD Bank
Wendy Yerkes, IPALCO Enterprises
Symposium
Judy O'Bannon, wife of Indiana Lt. Governor Frank O'Bannon
Byron Jensen, Goodwill Industries, Indianapolis
Presenters
Kathleen Likeness, Child Care of Allen County, Fort Wayne
Mrs. Charlene Lugar
Barbara Reisman, Child Care Action Campaign
James E. Rogers, CINergy
Deborah Stahl, Lucent Technologies Foundation
Christine Tomlinson, Oregon Child Development Fund
Dennis West, Eastside Community Investments, Indianapolis
County Team
Bartholomew County: Michelle Janin, Mindy Lewis and Barbara Piper
Benton and Newton Counties: Pam Hasser
Coordinators
Clark County: Jerry Stephensen
Elkhart County: Sandra Friesen
Floyd County: Angela Robinson
Fulton County: Teri Carr and Lorena Kanouse
Harrison County: Shirley Hawkins
Howard County: Mary Mason
Joint County Project (Clark, Floyd, Harrison, and Scott): Jerry Wheat
Lake County: Barbara Corcoran
LaPorte County: Adrienne Gottlieb and Dr. Janice Katz
Marion County: Gayle Spicer
Miami County: Tyra Walker
Orange County: Pat Hooten
Randolph County: Jim Byrd
Scott County: Carolyn King.
24
Child Care Action
Honorary Chairmen
President Jimmy Carter
Campaign
President Gerald R. Ford
Founding President
Board of Directors
Elinor Guggenheimer
President
Richard B. Stolley, Time Inc.
Vice-Presidents
Dana E. Friedman, Ed.D., Corporate Family Solutions
Francine Sommer, Gabelli Multimedia Partners, L.P.
Secretary
Judith Kauffman Fullmer, Citibank
Treasurer
Arnold H. Kroll, Schroder Wertheim & Co. Inc.
General Counsel
Gaines Gwathmey, III, Paul, Weiss, Rifkind, Wharton & Garrison
Susan Aronson, M.D., Fellow, American Academy of Pediatrics
Susan Bayh, State of Indiana
Helen Blank, Children's Defense Fund
Ronald E. Blaylock, Blaylock & Partners, L.P.
Myrna Blyth, Ladies' Home Journal
JoAnne Brandes, SC Johnson Wax
T. Berry Brazelton, M.D., Harvard Medical School
Roger H. Brown, Bright Horizons Children's Centers
Bettye M. Caldwell, Ph.D., University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences
John Mack Carter, Hearst Magazines Enterprises
Peggy Charren
Sey Chassler
Roxanne J. Coady, R.J. Julia Booksellers, Ltd.
Judsen Culbreth, Working Mother
Matilda Cuomo, MENTORING USA
Ricki Fairley-Brown, Coca-Cola
Ellen Galinsky, Families and Work Institute
Gary David Goldberg, UBU Productions
Betty Hudson, Reader's Digest
Sheila B. Kamerman, D.S.W., Columbia University School of Social Work
Elliot Lehman, FEL-PRO Incorporated
Jacqueline Leo, Good Morning America, ABC News
Patricia S. Lieberman, A.L. Mailman Family Foundation
Jay Mazur, UNITE!, AFL-CIO
Gerald W. McEntee, AFSCME, AFL-CIO
Evelyn K. Moore, National Black Child Development Institute
Gwen Morgan, Wheelock College
Ann Pleshette Murphy, Parents
Sondra L. Murphy, New York Women's Foundation
Arthur L. Novell, Markham/Novell Communications, Ltd.
Francine Sussner Rodgers, Work/Family Directions
Bea Romer, State of Colorado
Herman Sillas, Ochoa & Sillas
Dee Topol, The Travelers Foundation
Linda Villarosa, Essence
Thomas J. Volpe, Interpublic Group of Companies
Bernice Weissbourd, Family Focus, Inc.
Edward Zigler, Ph.D., Bush Center, Yale University
25
Child Care
Barbara Reisman, Executive Director
Candice Anderson, Executive Assistant
Action Campaign
Program and Communications
Staff
Gail Richardson, Program Director
Jay Bainbridge, Program Associate
Robin Brazley, Program Associate
Laurie Miller, Program Associate
Minerva Novero, Assistant to Program Director
Lance Dronkers, Program Assistant
Ellen Lubell, Communications Director
Dolores Schaefer, Editorial/Production Manager
Wanda Carter, Receptionist
Membership and Development
Helene Figueroa, Development Director
Jennifer Klopp, Events Coordinator
Byrne Armiento, Grants Coordinator
Elaine Molinaro, Membership Services
Accounting and Personnel
Barbara Hurst, Accountant/Office Manager
Eileen Chan, Accounting Clerk
26