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[Early Childhood Development Conference Correspondence] [7]
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24822756
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[Early Childhood Development Conference Correspondence] [7]
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Records of the First Lady's Office (Clinton Administration)
Nicole Rabner's Files
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September
maisha
Newseum
RADIO
PC
May 29, 1997
Mrs. Hillary Rodham Clinton
The White House
Washington D.C. 20500
Dear Mrs. Clinton:
I'm writing to invite you to be the special guest on the inaugural broadcast of the "Kids Town
Meeting," a monthly event for children originating from the Freedom Forum's Newseum and carried
nationally by the Children's Broadcasting Corp.
Approximately 75 school children, ages 8 to 14, will comprise the live studio audience for each
one-hour "Kids Town Meeting" at the Newseum. A newsmaker guest -- hopefully you on the
inaugural program -- will discuss his/her occupation, accomplishments, background, interests, and
views on issues of importance to children.
The moderators for the program will be Mara Stringfield, a talented 15-year-old, and me, a
veteran of NBC News, Mutual Broadcasting, Nostalgia TV, and public broadcasting, as well as
President Ford's press secretary. The youngsters in the audience will ask questions and school classes
which tune in will be encouraged to participate by phone and Internet.
The monthly "Kids Town Meeting" will be launched in September to coincide with the
beginning of the school year. As is the case with other Freedom Forum projects, lesson plans,
videotapes, and other educational materials will be distributed to schools in conjunction with the
programs.
The Children's Broadcasting Corp. provides programming to 31 radio stations throughout the
United States. As the network declares in its mission statement, it offers educational and entertainment
programs to young people and their families, provides a platform for communication between family
members, serves as an advocate for children, and has a strong commitment to community service.
We anticipate that the "Kids Town Meeting" will also be televised, most likely by C-SPAN,
which already broadcasts the Freedom Forum's "Close Up" program aimed at older children.
Children's Broadcasting Corporation
5501 Excelsior Boulevard
Minneapolis, MN 55416
Tel: 612-926-1280
Fax: 612-926-8014
Letter to Mrs. Hillary Rodham Clinton
Page Two
I believe you are familiar with the Freedom Forum and the Newseum since you, the President,
and the Vice President have all participated in programs there. As you know, the Freedom Forum is
particularly eager to attract children and families to the Newseum, and the "Kids Town Meeting" is an
important part of that effort.
Given your well-known interest in children and the issues that affect their well-being, I hope
you will agree that the inaugural broadcast of the "Kids Town Meeting" is an ideal event for your
participation. It should give you a great deal of satisfaction and it should give the audiences of
children in the studio and listening in their classrooms many valuable insights and much food for
thought.
The first "Kids Town Meeting" is tentatively scheduled for Wednesday, September 17.
However, that date can be adjusted to fit your schedule.
I am enclosing additional material on the Newseum and the Children's Broadcasting Corp.
After you've had a chance to consider this invitation, I'll phone your staff to answer any questions
and, hopefully, lock in your participation.
Yours truly,
Ren Nusen
Ron Nessen
Co-host, "Kids Town Meeting"
M
CONTRAIN
CLINTON LIBRARY PH
eek
IN REVIEW
DEFEATS N repindicated -Boyle Lead
TRUMAN
PHOTOCOPY
PRESERVATION
CLINTON LIBRARY PHOTOCOPY
NEWSEUM
FUNDED BY THE FREEDOM FORUM
1101 WILSON BLVD., ARLINGTON, VA 22209
TEL: 703/284-3700 or 1-888-NEWSEUM (toll free)
E-mail: [email protected]
Internet: http://www.newseum.org
WIN
BY THE FREE NEWS
wordbox FLOHD
41
NI
and
<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<
THE
FREEDOM
NEWS
FORUM
RELEASE
is'
PRESS. FREE SPEECH. FREE SPIRIT.
For Immediate Release
May 21, 1996
FIRST LADY HILLARY RODHAM CLINTON JOINS IN DEDICATION
OF THE FREEDOM FORUM JOURNALISTS MEMORIAL
ARLINGTON, Va. -- First Lady Hillary Rodham Clinton joined Freedom Forum leaders and
guests today to dedicate a memorial to nearly 1,000 journalists who died while on assignment or
were murdered for what they wrote, photographed or broadcast.
Mrs. Clinton laid a wreath at the base of the spiral-shaped glass-and-steel memorial in Freedom
Park overlooking the nation's capital. The park, which will open to the public on July 4, adjoins
the Newseum, a museum dedicated to the past, present and future of news, which will open in the
spring of 1997.
Mrs. Clinton was joined in laying the wreath by David Bolles, the son of Don Bolles, an
investigative reporter for The Arizona Republic who died in 1976 in a Phoenix car-bomb
explosion that was believed to be the work of those he was investigating. At the end of the
ceremony, Bolles and other family members of slain journalists gathered around the memorial as a
bagpiper played "Amazing Grace."
"You from around the world know that government can be either the greatest supporter of a free
press and of journalists in danger or the greatest oppressor." Allen H. Neuharth, chairman of
The Freedom Forum, said. "We are proud that our government leaders traditionally have
supported a free press, even when they sometimes have been victims of an unfair press."
"In my country the journalist is hunted, murdered, thrown into prison and censored," Omar
Belhouchet, an Algerian journalist targeted for death by Muslim extremists, said in prepared
remarks. "Such violence has dealt a severe blow to freedom of the press. I would like
here,
in
this prestigious place, to pay tribute to all the Algerian journalists who have been murdered, and
to reaffirm our determination to continue fighting for freedom of the press."
"The 934 names etched on this glass wall are a poignant reminder of the price of press freedom,"
said K. Prescott Low, president of the International Federation of Newspaper Publishers. "These
men and women have each paid the ultimate price."
Kathy Eldon, whose son, Dan, 22, a Reuters photographer, was killed in 1993 while covering the
civil war in Somalia, said she came to the dedication to represent the mothers and families of the
men and women whose names are inscribed on the memorial.
"Dan died a violent death at the hands of a mob. The majority of the journalists we commemorate
today died through acts of violence. And behind each one of the 934 names on the memorial
there are, or were, a mother, a father, brothers and sisters, grandparents, and all too often,
children who moum their loss. Their pain is my pain," she said.
The Freedom Forum is a nonpartisan, international foundation dedicated to free press, free
Studies Center in New York City, The Freedom Forum First Amendment Center at Vanderbilt
speech and free spirit for all people. The foundation pursues its priorities through programs includ-
University in Nashville, Tenn., and the Newseum at The Freedom Forum World Center headquarters
my conferences, educational activities, publishing, broadcasting, on-line services, partnerships,
in Arlington, Va.
training and research.
The foundation's work is supported by an endowment - established by Frank E. Gannett in
The Freedom Forum funds only its own programs and related partnerships. Unsolicited funding
1935 with $100,000 in Gannett Co. stock - now worth more than $800 million in diversified. man-
applications or requests are not accepted. Operating programs are The Freedom Forum Media
aged assets. The foundation does not solicit or accept financial contributions
!01 WILSON BOULEVARD
ARLINGTON. VA 22209
TEL: 703-528-0800
FAX: 703-522-4831
E-mail: [email protected]
CHARLES L. OVERBY. PRESIDENT AND CEO
Page Two -- Dedication
"Because of these brave journalists we know so much more than we otherwise would of our
world," said Louis D. Boccardi, president and chief executive officer of The Associated Press.
"As journalists we have been harassed, beaten, shot, clubbed, tortured and held captive. These
days are not over -- sadly they will never be."
Boccardi noted that AP is the news organization with the most names -- 22 -- on the memorial,
including six in the last four years. "Never in AP's 150 years have we lost so many so quickly,"
he said.
Kati Marton, chairwoman of the Committee to Protect Journalists, the group that worked closely
with The Freedom Forum to collect and verify the memorial names, said, "The fight of journalists
around the world to do their jobs in the most difficult circumstances deserves active support. As
we dedicate this memorial, we should all pause to reflect on their tenacity, courage and dedication
to their profession."
"In life, journalists dodged the same bullets - and took some of the same risks - as the great
players of history," Charles L. Overby, president and chief executive officer of The Freedom
Forum, said. "In life, journalists bring us the first draft of history. But in death, the ultimate
sacrifice that many journalists have made has been lost to history."
"These journalists truly deserve this recognition," added John J. Curley, chairman of the
Newspaper Association of America, and chairman, president and chief executive officer of
Gannett Co. "The First Lady honors these fallen journalists by speaking at the dedication of this
memorial."
The Freedom Forum Journalists Memorial is the only place in the world where slain journalists
will be honored and remembered in this way. There will be annual ceremonies to add names of
journalists who have died on assignment, and visitors to the memorial will be able to get
biographical information on the journalists and the circumstances of their deaths from a computer
database.
Additional information about the memorial (including the database of biographical information),
Freedom Park and the Newseum can be found on The Freedom Forum's Internet home page on
the World Wide Web: http://www.freedomforum.org
Note to reporters: Photographs and biographies of journalists included in the memorial database
also are available by mail or via electronic file.
###
For more information:
Cheryl Arvidson
Tricia Peterson
Director/Media Relations
Media Relations Specialist
The Freedom Forum
The Freedom Forum
703/284-3507
703/284-2855
NEWSEUM
FUNDED BY THE FREEDOM FORUM
ABOUT FREEDOM PARK
Adjoining the Newseum is Freedom Park, celebrating the spirit of freedom and the struggle to
preserve it. The park includes The Freedom Forum Journalists Memorial, honoring journalists
who died in the line of duty, numerous icons representing historic moments in the pursuit of
freedom, and a tribute to pioneers of news. Designed by Ralph Appelbaum Associates, Freedom
Park is a cooperative effort of The Freedom Forum, Westfield Realty Co., the local community
and Arlington County, Va. Freedom Park opened on July 4, 1996. The park is open daily, dawn
to dusk. Admission is free.
The following "Icons of Freedom" are displayed in Freedom Park:
Three 12-foot-high segments of the Berlin Wall, a testament to the struggle between open
and closed societies. The Berlin Wall was constructed in 1961 to stanch the flow of refugees
from Communist East Berlin to free West Berlin. The wall fell in 1989 as the East German
people rose in protest against their repressive government. The pieces of the wall were
purchased from the Robert Heilmann Spedition organization.
A toppled, headless statue of Vladimir Hyich Lenin, the architect of Soviet communism,
whose likeness was everywhere in the former Soviet Union. When the Soviet government
collapsed in 1991, Lenin statues were pushed over and beheaded as a symbol of the society's
new openness. The statue was purchased through the Kombinat "Sculpture" of the St.
Petersburg Branch of the Union of Artists of the Russian Federation and was shipped from
St. Petersburg.
Cobblestones from Warsaw, Poland, ghetto where Jewish Families were forced to live by
German occupation troops during World War II. On the second night of Passover in 1943, a
band of Jews fought their Nazi oppressors. The Warsaw ghetto uprising was the first revolt
by an urban population in German-occupied Europe. The cobblestones were a gift from the
United States Holocaust Memorial Museum.
A bronze casting of a ballot box and ballots from the historic 1994 election in South Africa --
the first in which blacks were allowed to vote. With the election of President Nelson
Mandela, the country's black majority ended apartheid and white-minority rule. The ballot
box and ballots were donated by the Independent Electoral Commission in Johannesburg.
A replica of a tin kayak made by two Cuban refugees who used the small boat to flee their
country in 1966 and reach safety in the USA. The U.S. Coast Guard gave permission for a
bronze casting of the boat.
A bronze casting of Dr. Martin Luther King Jr.'s jail cell door from Birmingham, Ala. In
1963, King was jailed for leading nonviolent civil rights protests. While incarcerated, he
wrote -- using a smuggled pen and bits of newspaper and toilet paper -- his "Letter from
Birmingham Jail" explaining why clergy needed to continue their involvement in civil rights
demonstrations. The Birmingham Civil Rights Institute allowed the door to be removed and
a bronze casting made for Freedom Park.
Replicas of women's suffrage banners used from 1848 to 1920 as women rallied, paraded
and marched to demand the right to vote. Women won that right in 1920 with ratification of
the 19th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution. The replicas were made with the permission
of the Museum of Connecticut History, Hartford: the Sewall-Belmont House, Washington,
The Newseum, the Washington, D.C., area's newest museum. is the only interactive museum of news. The Newseum takes visitors
behind the scenes to see and experience how and why news is made. The 72.000-square-Foot museum is funded by The Freedom Forum.
a non-partisan international foundation dedicated to free press. free speech and free spirit
The Freedom Forum World Center
1101 Wilson Boulevard
Arlington Virginia 22209
Tel: 703/284-3722
Fax: 703/284-3770
e-mail: [email protected]
About Freedom Park --Page 2
D.C.; Schlesinger Library/Radcliffe College, Cambridge, Mass.; the National Museum of
American History, Washington, D.C.; and the Nancy Woodhull and Tennessee Watson
Collection, Pittsford, N.Y.
A "talking circle" of stones representing the Iroquois, Navajo and other Native American
tribes to symbolize early free speech traditions. While not all American Indian tribes used
"talking circles," for those that did, the circle was a powerful symbol of equality and
continuity. The stones were researched and located by Mark Trahant, executive news editor
of The Salt Lake Tribune and a Shoshone-Bannock. Native Americans from across the
United States provided stones for the symbolic circle.
The park also pays tribute to six pioneers of journalism whose lives and work challenged the
status quo and expanded the horizons of news. The six are:
Benjamin Franklin, who published his first newspaper at 16 and who helped launch a
number of colonial newspapers.
Thomas Paine, a British expatriate who propelled the colonies to revolution in 1776 with his
pamphlet "Common Sense."
James Gordon Bennett, who founded the most successful of the early 19th-century "penny
papers" and broadened the appeal of his publications with such features as question-and-
answer interviews, crime and sports stories and court coverage.
Frederick Douglass, a former slave who founded The North Star, a crusading weekly in
Rochester, N.Y., and whose powerful oratory and writing won him international acclaim.
Horace Greeley, who started the modern editorial page in his New York Tribune and became
the most influential editor of his day.
Ida B. Wells, who became one of the first prominent African-American women in journalism
through her campaign against the lynchings of black men and her crusade for both race and
gender equality.
Freedom Park is located on the overpass between 1100 and 1101 Wilson Boulevard. Enter the
park from North Kent, North 17th or North Lynn streets, or from the buildings at 1100 and 1101
Wilson Boulevard from the Mall level. Take Metro's Blue or Orange line to the Rosslyn Station.
1/22/97
FREEDOM PARK
FACT SHEET
Park Size:
1.6 acres
Cost:
$4 million
Funding:
The Freedom Forum ( $1.5 million)
Westfield Realty Co. ($2.5 million)
Park Designer:
Ralph Appelbaum Associates
New York, N.Y.
Journalists Memorial Designer:
Ralph Appelbaum Associates
Phillip Tefft, project designer
Exhibit Fabricator:
Charles Maltbie Associates
Mt. Laurel, N.J.
Bronze Casting:
Equestrian Forge
Leesburg, Va.
Some other parks named Freedom Park around the world include:
Baku, Azerbaijan
Athens, Greece
Tripoli, Libya
Sofia, Bulgaria
Blantyre, Malawi
Nairobi, Kenya
Kitwe, Zambia
Inchon, South Korea
Manila, The Philippines
The Costa Rica border at Panama
Orange County, Calif.
Odessa, Texas
Auburn, N.Y.
Atlanta, Ga.
Freedom Park is located in Arlington, Va., on the overpass between 1100 and 1101
Wilson Boulevard, just two blocks from the Rosslyn Metro station on the Blue and
Orange line. Enter park from North Kent, North 17th or North Lynn Streets. The
park is open daily, from dawn to dusk.
WASH. POST
JULY 4, '96
New Park's
Theme Is
nero awakening
Freedom
Site on Concrete Overpass
lne of the exhibits celebrates the 1991 collapse of the Soviet Union, as
ymbolized by the toppling and decapitation of a statue of V.I. Lenin.
Opens Today in Rosslyn
Va. 6 THURSDAY, JULY 4, 1996
By Lan Nguyen
Washington Post Staff Writer
Using scraps of tin and other metal, car
mechanic Laureano Ricoy Iglesias spent
months welding a tin kayak SO he could es-
cape to America from Cuba with his wife,
Consuelo Rivera Giz. With only a gallon of
water, the couple set sail one moonless Sep-
tember night in 1966 for the 90-mile journey
to freedom.
The Goast Guard rescued them on the
third day, in the Florida Keys. Along the
way, according to news accounts of the trip,
a dolphin saved Iglesias's life after he fell in-
to the water, the couple survived a huge
storm, and they almost died of dehydration.
Their heroic journey has been memorial-
ized at the new Freedom Park in Rosslyn,
the only one of its kind in the country. The
park, on the overpass between 1100 and
1101 Wilson Boulevard, opens today as mil-
lions of Americans celebrate this country's
220th year of independence from England.
"It seemed like a perfect day to open," said
Peter S. Prichard. executive director of the
Newseum, a journalism museum that's
scheduled to open next year adjacent to the
park. "It's Independence Day, and it's a won-
derful symbol of America's freedom from op-
pression."
The $4 million park is home to eight icons
that celebrate stirring moments in the histo-
ry of the struggle for freedom, including a
bronze casting of a ballot box from the first
See FREEDOM, Page 6, CoL 1
PHOTOS BY TOM ALLEN-THE WASHINGTON POST
At Freedom Park in Rosslyn, a crane lowers Into position a
, of the
Bertin Wall, which was tom down before the reunification of Gerr
Shrine to Freedom
Opens in Rosslyn
FREEDOM. From Page 1
the world's oldest traditions of free
speech. American Indian tribes used
all-race South African election in
"talking circles" during meetings to
1994 and reproductions of banners
ensure that anyone inside the circle
used by women in their fight for the
could speak freely without interrup-
right to vote more than 100 years
tion, challenge or argument
ago.
"The importance is not the stones.
The park is built on a slab of con-
but the symbolism-freedom of
crete that was supposed to be a part
of a highway loop that would divert
press, freedom of religion, freedom
traffic around Rosslyn. The loop
speech," said Mark Trahant, a mem-
ber of the Shoshone-Bannock tribe
never opened because of structural
and other concerns, and the Arling-
of southeastern Idaho, who gathered
ton County Board voted two years
the stones for the park. "These are
ago to dedicate portions of it as a
indigenous concepts, not brought to
park for 25 years.
America from Europe."
The Freedom Forum. a nonprofit
The six stones on display come in
organization that promotes free
different colors and sizes and repre-
press and free speech, contributed
sent diversity among the tribes:
$1.5 million to the park's develop-
granite from the Puyallups in Wash-
ment, and Westfield Realty contrib-
ington; red sandstone from the Na-
uted $2 million.
vajos in Arizona: and limestone from
"At the foot of the North Kent
the Hopis in Arizona and Cherokees
Street entrance are several 12-foot-
in Oklahoma.
high pieces of the Berlin Wall, which
Park organizers picked Iglesias
fell in 1989 as East and West Ger-
and Giz's experience-represented
many prepared to reunite. The wall
by a bronze reproduction of their
was erected in 1961 after more than
kayak-to symbolize the plight of
3 million Germans fled communist
Cuban refugees who fled their coun-
East Germany in the aftermath of
try for freedom elsewhere. "It was a
World War II.
great human interest story," said
: Among the park's icons is a head-
Tricia Peterson. a Freedom Forum
less statue of V.I. Lenin, whose face
spokeswoman.
and likeness were displayed every-
After arriving in America, Igle-
where in the Soviet Union. The stat-
sias, now 71, found a job as a car me-
ue, from St. Petersburg, was toppled
chanic and eventually opened his
and beheaded after the Soviet state
own business. He suffered a stroke
collapsed in 1991.
three years ago and now lives in a
(Also on display are dozens of cob-
nursing home, said Giz, 56, who
blestones from the Warsaw ghetto,
works as an electronics assembler in
where a band of Jews revolted
New York.
against Nazi German troops during
Passover in 1943. The Jews fought
"I am very proud to be a part of
Freedom Park," she said. "It's not
for 28 days before being overpow-
exed by the Germans. The number
for me. It's for everybody. Freedom
of Jews living in the Warsaw area de-
is the most important thing in your
creased from 500,000 to just over
life. If you don't have freedom, you
60,000 in three years.
have nothing."
: Near the top of the sloping park is
For more information about the
alcircle of stones representing one of
park, call 703-284-3700.
AP photos
Glass panels engraved with the names of journalists who died covering the news await Tuesday's monument-dedication ceremony in Arlington.
Monument to honor fallen journalists
Names of 934 who lost lives covering
tional 40 journalists who qualify
for inclusion, Mr. Prichard said,
news to be memorialized in Arlington
adding that their names will be
added to the monument. An annual
ceremony is anticipated.
ASSOCIATED PRESS
the Federal Republican newspa-
The toll is rising in part because
Wars, revolutions, angry mobs,
per in Baltimore. He was trampled
journalists - once traditionally
floods, air crashes, criminal con-
to death in 1812 by a mob unhappy
accorded safe passage by both
spiracies: All make news. And
with the newspaper's content. The
sides on the battlefield - actually
sometimes they kill the journalists
last is Vadim Alferyev, a crime re-
are targeted in some guerrilla con-
covering them.
porter for the Glory of Sevastopol,
OLIVER B. NOONAN
flicts and religious wars, Mr.
In recent years, that has hap-
a Ukrainian paper. He was beaten
Prichard said. In addition, techno-
pened somewhere in the world
to death in 1995 at the entrance to
PAUL
logical developments make it pos-
nearly once a week - 456 times in
his apartment building.
sible for increasing numbers of
the last decade.
Not yet listed are reporters who
journalists, especially from televi-
On Tuesday, a ceremony will be
died this year, including Nathaniel
sion, to cover world trouble spots.
held dedicating what is believed to
Nash of the New York Times, who
Among those whose names are on
be the only monument to all jour-
was aboard the plane carrying
the monument:
nalists who perished covering the
Commerce Secretary Ronald H.
news.
DIST
Abolitionist editor Elijah
Brown that crashed last month in
Lovejoy, killed by a pro-slavery
Engraved within glass panels
Croatia with a loss of 35 lives.
mob in Alton, III., in 1837.
arranged along an airy 24-foot,
First lady Hillary Rodham Clin-
ROGER
stainless-steel spiral will be the
ton and Louis D. Boccardi, pres-
Ernie Pyle, Scripps Howard
names of 934 journalists whose
ident and chief executive officer
These are among the 934
columnist who covered World War
deaths in the line of duty have been
of the Associated Press, will be
deceased journalists honored.
II from the foxhole viewpoint,
verified by research.
among the speakers. The memo-
killed by a Japanese sniper on a
"I think people will see journal-
rial honors 22 fallen AP personnel
Journalists perished in the Rus-
Pacific island in 1945.
ists in a different way when
- more than from any other news
sian Revolution of 1917, for exam-
Dickey Chapelle, a National
they're looking at the memorial,"
organization.
ple, with no accounts left of who
Observer reporter who died when
said Peter S. Prichard, a senior
The memorial was built by the
they were or how they died. No
a Viet Cong land mine exploded as
vice president of the nonprofit
Freedom Forum at a cost of about
organization kept systematic
she covered a U.S. Marine opera-
Freedom Forum, which built the
$500,000 in a new park in Arling-
track until the New York-based
tion in Vietnam in 1965.
monument. "We want to call atten-
ton overlooking the Potomac River.
Committee to Protect Journalists,
Donald F. Bolles, an Arizona
tion to the risks journalists face in
Mr. Prichard acknowledged
which monitors abuses against the
Republic reporter fatally injured
bringing people the news."
that the monument's list is far
press, started doing so in 1979.
by a car bomb in Phoenix while he
The first name on the list is
from complete and - "unfortu-
Word of the project's existence
was investigating land deals in-
James M. Lingan, part-owner of
nately" - never will be.
has generated a list of an addi-
volving Arizona politicians.
N=WS=UM
FUNDED BY THE FREEDOM FORUM
ABOUT THE JOURNALISTS MEMORIAL
The Freedom Forum Journalists Memorial, located in the center of Freedom
Park adjacent to the Newseum, rises above the Potomac River with views of the
Washington Monument, the Jefferson and Lincoln memorials and the National
Cathedral. The highest point of the finished memorial is 24 feet above the bridge
over Wilson Boulevard in Arlington, Va.
Early in the design stage, "light" and "visibility" were identified as the desired
characteristics of the spiral-shaped memorial. Glass was chosen for the project
because it allows both the passage and the reflection of light.
There are 149 dichroic-coated glass panels mounted on the memorial, each
approximately 12-inches wide and 36-inches tall. At the memorial dedication in
May 1996, 50 panels contained the names of 934 fallen journalists. The memorial
is rededicated each year to include new names submitted by individuals or
organizations and those identified by the Committee to Protect Journalists and the
Newseum.
The glass panels are fabricated from starphire glass, which is known for clarity.
The dichroic coating transmits and reflects colors of the light spectrum with great
precision. The journalists' names are imbedded inside the glass, which is
laminated for toughness and strength.
The stainless steel supporting structure is comprised of 10 vertical trusses, a
curving tubular framework and 109 cast "spiders" that grip the glass panels.
Weighing approximately 10,000 pounds, the framework with glass panels is
engineered to withstand hurricane-force winds.
The memorial was designed by Ralph Appelbaum Associates. Ralph Appelbaum
was the principal in charge, and Phillip Tefft and James Cathcart were the project
designers. The project engineer was KCE Structural Engineers, with Allyn
Kilsheimer the principal in charge. TriPyramid Structures was in charge of tensile
system design and engineering and the stainless steel structure fabrication. FTL
Happold handled the glass panel system engineering, and the glass panel
fabrication was done by John Depp, Inc.
The Newseum, the Washington. D.C., area's newest museum. is the only interactive museum of news. The Newseum takes visitors
behind the scenes to see and experience how and why news is made. The 72.000-square-foot museum is funded by The Freedom Forum.
a non-partisan international foundation dedicated to free press. free speech and free spirit.
The Freedom Forum World Center
1/7/90
1101 Wilson Boulevard Arlington Virginia 22209
Tel: 703/284-3722 Fax: 703/284-3770 e-mail: [email protected]
SELECTION CRITERIA
FOR THE JOURNALISTS MEMORIAL
The Freedom Forum Journalists Memorial carries the names of newspeople who were
killed covering wars, natural disasters or violent crimes; who died as a result of injury or
illness that occurred on assignment; or who were murdered to silence their reporting.
To have his or her name included on the memorial, an individual must have been a
regular contributor of news, commentary or photography to a publication or broadcast
outlet; an editor or executive at a news organization; a freelance journalist; a producer,
camera operator, sound engineer or other working member of a broadcast crew; or a
documentary filmmaker.
The memorial does not include the names of employees of official government agencies
or journalists who died in accidents unrelated to their assignments. Neither does the
memorial include the names of journalists who instigated the violence that caused their
deaths. An independent panel of journalists and journalism historians reviews difficult
cases.
To submit a name for consideration, please include complete background on the
individual, the news organization and its location, and the location and circumstances of
the death. Letters and copies of supporting material, which cannot be returned, should be
sent to:
The Freedom Forum Journalists Memorial
Newseum
1101 Wilson Blvd.
Arlington, Va. 22209
1/7/97
Clinton Presidential Records
Digital Records Marker
This is not a presidential record. This is used as an administrative
marker by the William J. Clinton Presidential Library Staff.
This marker identifies the place of a publication.
Publications have not been scanned in their entirety for the purpose
of digitization. To see the full publication please search online or
visit the Clinton Presidential Library's Research Room.
THE FREEDOM
APRIL 1996
FORUM
A PUBLICATION ABOUT FREE PRESS, FREE SPEECH AND FREE SPIRIT
DAN ELDON, PHOTOGRAPHER REUTERS
BORN:SEPT 18 1970 LONDON DIED JULY 12. 1993 SOMALIA
One of 934 names on the Journalists Memorial PAGE 4
NEWS=UM
FUNDED BY THE FREEDOM FORUM
For Immediate Release
Interactive news museum to open in April 1997
ARLINGTON, Va. -- The Washington, D.C.-area's newest museum, the Newseum -- the
world's only interactive museum of news -- will open in April 1997. The $50-million,
72,000-square-foot Newseum will take visitors behind the scenes to see and experience
how and why news is made.
At the Newseum, visitors can be television newscasters or reporters in the Interactive
Newsroom; relive the great news stories of all time through multimedia exhibits, artifacts
and news memorabilia; and see the day's news as it happens on a block-long video news
wall. A state-of-the-art broadcast studio will show how news programs are produced and
offer visitors opportunities to talk to journalists and newsmakers. A 220-seat domed
theater with the largest high-definition video screen in the Washington area will show
films about news, journalism and the role of a free press in free societies.
Just across the Potomac River from Washington, D.C., the Newseum is located in
Arlington, Va., two blocks from the Rosslyn Metro station and minutes from the Iwo
Jima Memorial and Arlington Cemetery.
Funded and operated by The Freedom Forum, a non-partisan international foundation
dedicated to free press, free speech and free spirit, the Newseum will offer a unique
experience.
"The Newseum will tell the inside story of news through the ages," said Allen H.
Neuharth, chairman of The Freedom Forum and the Newseum. "By taking visitors
behind the scenes, we hope to forge a deeper understanding of the role of news and a free
press in our lives."
"In part, a visitor's experience at the Newseum will depend on what is happening in the
world that day," said Peter S. Prichard, executive director of the Newseum. "Imagine a
family watching a space shot on the video news wall. Or discussing the day's news with
a television producer in the News Forum. Imagine a middle-school class taking turns at
reading the news on camera or choosing which story gets the banner headline on a
newspaper front page. The Newseum will be an educational and entertaining experience
for all."
The Newseum's permanent exhibition in the News History Gallery focuses on news
history, primarily in an American-history context. The exhibition will showcase hundreds
of objects associated with news events and news people, historic broadcasts, newspapers
and magazines, award-winning photojournalism and cartoons.
more
The Newseum. the Washington. D.C.. area's newest museum, is the only interactive museum of news. The Newseum takes visitors
behind the scenes to see and experience how and why news is made. The 72.000-square-foot museum is funded by The Freedom Forum,
a non-partisan international foundation dedicated to free press. free speech and free spirit.
The Freedom Forum World Center
LIOL Wilson Boulevard
Arlington Virginia 22209
Tel: 703/284-3722
Fax: 703/284-3770
e-mail: [email protected]
Newseum News Release -- page 2
Among the artifacts on display for the Newseum's inaugural exhibition are: a printed version of
Columbus' letter to Queen Isabella about the discovery of the New World; Publick Occurrences,
the first newspaper published in British North America dating to 1690; Thomas Paine's writing
desk and a first edition of his Common Sense pamphlet; a rare 1776 printing of the Declaration of
Independence in the Pennsylvania Evening Post; and the announcement of the start of the Civil
War in the Charleston Mercury.
Also on display will be a Gutenberg Bible; Paul Revere's glasses; Charles Dickens' pen; one of
only nine, known 18th-century wooden presses existing in the United States; type from the
Cherokee Phoenix, the first Native American newspaper; a Civil War-era camera used by
Mathew Brady; Frederick Douglass' watch; Mark Twain's pipe; the microphone used by Edward
R. Murrow to report the bombing of London; famed columnist Ernie Pyle's typewriter; and the
color studio cameras used by CBS for more than two decades for Walter Cronkite's news
broadcasts.
A second permanent exhibition focuses on the history of news and communication before the
introduction of the printing press in Europe. In the Early News Gallery, artifacts include
Sumerian tablets as old as 2400 B.C., as well as a statue of Thoth, the Egyptian god of scribes,
and Chinese bells, both from 600 B.C.
The Newseum also will offer temporary exhibits that focus on media issues in historical and
contemporary contexts.
Adjoining the Newseum, and offering views of the monuments of Washington, is Freedom Park,
dedicated to the spirit of freedom. The park includes The Freedom Forum's Journalists
Memorial, honoring journalists who died in the line of duty, a tribute to news pioneers and a
display of several international icons representing historic moments in the pursuit of freedom.
Among the icons are segments of the Berlin Wall, a bronze casting of Dr. Martin Luther King
Jr.'s Birmingham, Ala., jail-cell door and replicas of banners used in the fight for women's
suffrage.
The Newseum and Freedom Park exhibits were designed by Ralph Appelbaum Associates
(RAA) of New York City, one of the world's preeminent museum design firms. Ralph
Appelbaum, president of RAA, was the exhibit designer for the Unites States Holocaust
Memorial Museum in Washington, D.C. He also designed the renovated dinosaur halls at New
York's American Museum of Natural History among other projects.
The Newseum is located on the first three levels of The Freedom Forum World Center at 1101
Wilson Boulevard in Arlington, Va. The toll-free, public-inquiry telephone number is 1-888-
NEWSEUM (639-7386). For additional information about the Newseum, visit our web page at
www.newseum.org. A fact sheet on the Newseum is attached.
###
For more
Beth Tuttle
Nicole Arena
Helen Shelton
information:
Director/Marketing
Public Affairs Officer
Ruder Finn
& Communications
703/284-3725
Arts & Communications Counselors
703/284-3722
212/593-6443
Newseum Fact Sheet
Days/Hours: Wednesday through Sunday, 10 a.m. to 5 p.m., except Thanksgiving,
Christmas and New Year's days.
Admission:
Free
Highlights:
The Interactive Newsroom where visitors get the chance to be TV news anchors or radio
sportscasters, appear on a magazine cover, investigate a story or edit a front page through
touch-screen computer exhibits and hands-on activities.
A 126-foot-long Video News Wall where visitors experience breaking news as it happens
and see the instantaneous global reach of information made possible by new technologies.
The News History Gallery where visitors relive the great news stories of all time through
multimedia exhibits, artifacts and the greatest display of historic newspapers, magazines and
news broadcasts ever assembled.
A 220-seat domed theater with a 20-by-40-foot, high-definition video screen, featuring
programs about news, journalism and the role of a free press in free societies.
A state-of-the-art broadcast studio where news programs are produced for television and
radio and where visitors may discuss news events and issues with journalists and
newsmakers.
The Ethics Center where visitors make their own choices about some of the real-life
dilemmas journalists face. The Opinion Center where visitors register their opinions in a
daily poll or "talk back" to the media on camera about the hot topic of the day.
The Education Center, scheduled to open in September 1997, where school groups will be
able to explore news issues in depth and will have the opportunity to investigate, conduct
interviews and produce "news" reports. A computer lab will allow students to access online
news services and the Newseum's interactive programs.
A variety of programs on current media-related topics tailored for professionals, college
students and the general public. Many of these programs will be transmitted via satellite for
distance learning.
The News Byte Cafe where visitors may take a break for light snacks while exploring
selected on-line and Internet news services.
The Newseum Store featuring one-of-a-kind and news related merchandise.
Location:
1101 Wilson Boulevard, Arlington, Va., 22209
703/284-3700 or 888/NEWSEUM (toll-free)
Take Metro's Blue or Orange line to the Rosslyn station
Groups:
Groups of 10 or more should reserve in advance by calling
888/NEWSEUM (639-7386). Free bus parking is available nearby.
ADA
Accessibility: The Newseum is fully accessible. Visitors with special needs may
contact the Visitor Services department in advance.
Contact:
Nicole Arena, Public Affairs Officer
703/284-3725 (ph) 703/284-3770 (fax)
and the greatest display of historic newspapers, magazines and news broadcasts ever assembled.
Visitors can relive the great news stories of all time in the News History Gallery through multimedia exhibits, news artifacts
The
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new technologies on a 126-foot-long video news wall.
Visitors will experience breaking news as it happens and witness the instantaneous global reach of information made possible by
TRANSING
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Be on editor,
In the Interactive Newsroom, visitors get a chance to be TV news anchors or radio sportscasters, appear on a magazine cover, investigate a
story or edit a front page through interactive computer exhibits and hands-on activities.
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In the state-of-the-art Broadcast Studio where news programs are produced for television and radio, visitors are invited to discuss news events
and issues with journalists and newsmakers.
Manc © '96
A suspended sphere composed of newspaper nameplates from around the world
Artist's rendering of the Newseum and the dome which houses the 220-seat theater.
greets visitors as they enter the Newseum. On monitors below, visitors may see the
news from their birth dates.
NEWS HISTORY EXHIBITS
EARLY NEWS GALLERY
The Early News Gallery explores the idea that news is ancient and universal. Artifacts are placed
in a context that emphasizes their role in conveying news and information. The interpretation
focuses on the development of spoken, written and printed news around the world.
Objects featured in the Early News Gallery include:
Sumerian Cuneiform tablets (2176-562 B.C.) as examples of early writing and record
keeping;
an ancient Egyptian statue of Thoth, the god of scribes, C. 660 B.C.;
archaic Chinese bells (475-221 B.C.), as well as Asian and African drums illustrating the
idea of sound as a form of public communication;
a Central American Mayan vase (600-900 A.D.) decorated with images of noblemen and
scribes;
Medieval letters and newsletters, including one from Germany C. 1380; and
a Gutenberg Bible, c. 1455, marking the advent of printing in Europe.
NEWS HISTORY WALL
The News History Wall documents the story of news, of the people who created news, and the
context in which they did it. The News History Wall is divided into 12 segments spanning a 500
year period. The eras of news history are as follows:
The First Newspapers, 1500-1720
The Revolutionary Press, 1720-1810
The Popular Press, 1810-1840
The Rise of Reporting, 1840-1870
The Big City Press, 1870-1900
Newspapers Everywhere, 1900-1920
Jazz Journalism, 1920s
The Rise of Radio, 1930s & 1940s
The Rise of Television, 1950s & 1960s
Changing Newspapers, 1970s
The Global Village, 1980s & 1990s
Digital News, 2000 and beyond
A timeless question is posed for each era designed to challenge visitors to examine current news
issues in a historical framework:
What makes news?
- a look at early newsbooks c. 1500's - 1600's
Should journalists take sides?
- 8th-century journalists and the American Revolution
If you read it, is it so?
- The American "penny press", 1830's
Is seeing believing?
- illustration and photography in the 1860s
Is the press too powerful?
- Hearst, Pulitzer and the 1898 Spanish-American War
Whose news is it?
- women and the American suffrage movement
Do tabloids go too far?
- sensationalism in the 1920s
Is live news better?
- the drama of radio news in the 1930s and 1940s
Is TV really superficial?
- the impact of television news in the 1960s
Is the press too negative?
- Watergate and the role of the investigative reporter
Is it all too much?
- news on demand and the growth of 24-hour TV news
-over-
The News History Wall combines three-dimensional artifacts with graphics, newspapers,
photographs, and archival radio and television broadcast moments. This multi-layered display
provides a basic lesson in journalism history to the novice, while at the same time capturing the
interest of serious scholars. The exhibit ends with an evocative video posing questions about the
future of news: Where are we headed? Is technology bringing us closer together or does it drive
us further apart? Is the news getting better or less dependable?
LARGE ARTIFACTS
A selection of large-scale artifacts illustrates the historical progression of news delivery
technology. These objects are enhanced with accompanying videos demonstrating the
technology in action. The large artifacts are:
An 18th-century wooden printing press, one of nine known surviving examples in the United
States.
A No. 1 Linotype, the type-setting device which revolutionized newspaper production.
The first color television cameras used by CBS to film Walter Cronkite's evening news
broadcasts.
A model of Telestar, the first commercial communications satellite.
UNFORGETTABLE PHOTOGRAPHS
Above the News History Wall a large screen is suspended from the ceiling where more than 100
photographic images representing the best of photojournalism will be displayed. Here visitors
will see the unforgettable news photographs of the past 150 years.
NEWS PEOPLE DATABASE
A database allows visitors to learn about 500 important and interesting news people of all time.
Photographs and biographies of these journalists, along with samples of their work, can be
viewed on a touch-screen computer. The data may be searched by name, era, media, or
occupation.
TODAY'S NEWS GALLERY
In this gallery of today's news, visitors will experience the pulse of breaking news
and better understand its enormity and universality. The NEWS WALL is a living
mural of the Global Village illustrating the depth and breadth of the news stream,
the speed with which news changes and the way big stories can dominate the
day's news. A 126-foot-long, 12-foot-high, seamless video wall takes center
stage, featuring a panorama of today's news brought in from around the world via
satellite feeds, fiber optic cables and computer networks. Print, radio and on-line
news sources complete the display.
Visitors will see a range of programming on the video wall:
breaking news and regular news broadcasts from around the world;
real-time feeds before they become packaged news products;
behind-the-scenes looks inside television and print newsrooms;
special programs designed to engage visitors in discussions about the "gate-
keepers" who decide what news we see;
news photographs from AP, Reuters and other news services; and
"This week in the news," a nostalgic, riveting and sometimes funny look at the
news of the past.
In addition to the video wall, this gallery includes:
a news "zipper" displaying the day's headlines, sports scores and stock quotes;
daily newspaper front pages -- one from each state and 20 from around the
world -- brought in electronically each night, enlarged and digitally
reproduced for display;
touch-screen terminals where visitors can read AP and Reuters wire service
feeds of current news stories; and
radio listening posts where visitors can select radio news broadcasts from
regions around the country as well as from around the world.
INTERACTIVE NEWSROOM
Easy-to-use, multi-media exhibits and activities allow visitors to experience the
challenge of creating print and broadcast news. In the Interactive Newsroom, visitors go
behind the scenes and make the kinds of decisions news people make every day.
Interactive experiences are designed to expose visitors to the journalistic principles of
accuracy, integrity and speed. Exhibits include:
BUILD A STORY Visitors learn about "who," "what," "where," "when," "why" and
"how" -- the six basic components of any news story.
BE A REPORTER Students become ill at a local school what happened? Food
poisoning? How? In a fast-paced interactive computer game with full-range sound
and video, visitors will investigate the story, find out what happened and file their
ledes on deadline.
BE AN EDITOR As guest editors of the Daily Miracle, visitors will take part in an
editorial meeting, listen to reporters as they pitch their ideas and choose which
stories, photos and headlines will make the next day's front page. Visitors will learn
how deadlines, space limitations and personal judgment all play a role in the news
we see.
INTERVIEW A JOURNALIST Ask Helen Thomas, Ed Bradley, Lesley Stahl, Ben
Bradlee and many other journalists about how they got their starts in news. Ask Bob
Woodward how he got the Watergate story or find out what Walter Cronkite's
biggest regret was.
BE A RADIO SPORTSCASTER Most fans, at some time, imagine what it might be like
to do color commentary for a favorite sport. Now they can. In a glass-enclosed
sound-booth, visitors can watch a sporting event and record their version of the
action as it happens.
BE A TV NEWSCASTER This fun demonstration of how TV reporters and anchors
work lets visitors of all ages try reading the news, weather or sports on-camera using
a Tele-Prompter. Tapes of visitors' "newscasts" will be available for purchase in the
Newseum store.
BE ON A MAGAZINE COVER Visitors can put themselves on the cover of popular
national magazines.
The Newsroom also features the ETHICS CENTER where the focus is on some of the
hard choices journalists make every day. At touch-screen stations, visitors will explore
a series of questions - Should the Unabomber manifesto have been published? Should a
newsphoto be altered? Should a journalist protect the confidentiality of a source even if
it means going to jaii? After making their choices, visitors will learn what real
newspeople decided in the same situations and the consequences they faced.
The OPINION CENTER gives visitors the opportunity to express their opinions about the media
and news-related issues. And they'll have the chance to talk back to the media on camera.
Selected Artifacts on Display at the Newseum
Middle Eastern Cuneiform Tablets dating from 2176 B.C.
Ancient Egyptian Statue of Thoth, the gcd of scribes, C. 600 B.C.
Asian and African drums, bells, and other scunding forms used to convey messages
Incan quipu, or record-keeping device, from South America, C. 1400
A Gutenberg Bible [1455] - the earliest known book
Columbus' Barcelona Letter [1493] - this printed document described the "discovery" of the New
World
Publick Occurrences Both Forreign and Domestick [1690] - the earliest-known newspaper printed
in British North America
A first edition printing of Thomas Paine's Common Sense [1776], the pamphlet that helped sway
public opinion in the British colonies toward American independence
One of only nine known surviving 18th-century wooden printing presses in America
A quill pen owned by Charles Dickens. one of Mark Twain's corn cob pipes, and a pocket watch
belonging to Frederick Douglass
Lead type from the Cherokee Phoenix, the earliest-known Native American newspaper
The Charleston Mercury, dated Dec. 20. 1860, announcing the start of the American Civil War and
cne of photographer Mathew Brady's cameras
A satchel, shirt, eyeglasses, and pencil-personal items belonging to Mark Kellogg, the AP
reporter who rode to the death with Custer at the Battle of Little Bighom in 1876
A Yellow Kid figure, toy, trading cards, and buttons--all celebrating the nation's 1st popular cartoon
character, which first appeared in the New York World in 1895
Artifacts and commemorative materials relating to the sinking of the USS Maine, as well as Hearst
and Pulitzer's competing coverage of the Spanish-American War [1898]
Numerous examples of American ethnic publications and other specialty newspapers published in
the 19th and 20th centuries
Classic early radios from the 1920s and 1930s
The microphone used by Edward R. Murrow to report on the bombing of London, famed columnist
Emie Pyle's typewriter, Joe Rosenthal's camera, and Ernest Hemingway's press credentials--all
items used during the news coverage of World War II
The first color studio cameras used by CBS to broadcast the Evening News with Walter Cronkite
Cne of Bob Woodward's Watergate notebooks
Melissa Ludtke's Yankees' locker room press pass
Peter Amett's microphone used in Baghcad during the Gulf War
A unique collection of original front pages from many of the greatest news events in history
THE
FREEDOM FORUM
FREE PRESS. FREE SPEECH. FREE SPIRIT.
ABOUT THE FREEDOM FORUM
The Freedom Forum is a nonpartisan, international foundation dedicated to free press,
free speech and free spirit for all people. The foundation pursues its priorities through
programs including conferences, educational activities, publishing, broadcasting, on-line
services, partnerships, training and research.
Operating programs are the Media Studies Center in New York City, the First
Amendment Center at Vanderbilt University in Nashville, Tenn., and the Newseum at
The Freedom Forum World Center headquarters in Arlington, Va.
The Media Studies Center, established in 1985, is devoted to improving understanding of
media issues by the press and the public. Center programs bring journalists, scholars,
media industry executives and the public together to examine the media's effects on
society.
The First Amendment Center's mission is to foster better public understanding of and
appreciation for First Amendment rights and values. The center serves as a forum for
dialogue and debate on cutting-edge free-expression and freedom-of-information issues.
The Newseum, the only interactive museum of news, takes visitors behind the scenes to
look at how and why news is made. At the Newseum, visitors can be reporters or
television announcers; relive the great news stories of all time through multimedia
exhibits, unique artifacts and news memorabilia; and witness today's news as it happens
on a block-long video news wall. The Newseum will open in April 1997.
The Freedom Forum also operates a conference center and Newseum gallery for changing
exhibits at the site of the Media Studies Center at 580 Madison Avenue, in Manhattan.
The Freedom Forum's work is supported by an endowment established by Frank E.
Gannett in 1935 with $100,000 in Gannett Co. stock -- now worth more than $800
million in diversified, managed assets. The foundation does not solicit or accept financial
contributions.
1/6/97
THE FREEDOM FORUM WORLD CENTER
TEL: 703/528-0800
1101 WILSON BOULEVARD
ARLINGTON, VIRGINIA 22209
This Just In:
The Freedom Forum's
S
hepherding me through adminis-
a "nonpartisan, inter-
trative offices and several floors
national organization
being reconstructed inside a
dedicated to.free press,
Northern Virginia office building
free speech and free
directly across the Potomac River from
spirit for all people."
Washington, D.C., the former editor of
Thus the Newseum,
USA Today explained the concept of the
when opened in 1997,
"Newseum" with what seemed like
will be the founda-
journalistic detachment. Peter Prichard
tion's most publicly
matter-of-factly pointed to elaborate
visible enterprise, "a
design drawings and models, some large
one-of-a-kind educa-
enough and sufficiently detailed to
tional facility, the
assist construction contractors in carry-
world's only major
ing out work. But beneath his outward-
museum dedicated
ly cool, professional demeanor-forged
exclusively to news"
by a 25-year journalism career as copy
and to the sanctity of
editor, news reporter, T.V. news pro-
the First Amendment
ducer, Gannett Company corporate
to the U.S. Constitu-
staff member, and chief news exective-
tion.
I sensed modulated excitement, a con-
Prichard will man-
trolled passion for this unprecedented
age a 72,000-square-
endeavor. Prichard has taken on the
foot facility containing
world. Below will be electronic newspa-
executive directorship of the $40-mil-
40,000 square feet of exhibition space, a
per racks and the Bill of Rights. The
lion Newseum, wholly financed, built,
220-seat, dome-covered "News Watch"
"news history walk," the top floor's lead
and operated by The Freedom Forum,
theater equipped with a high-definition,
exhibition space, opens with ancient,
the world's largest media-oriented, pri-
20'x40' video screen, mini-theaters ded-
pre-print traditions of spoken news and
vate foundation-its assets reportedly
icated to news history, a radio-T.V.
then traces the evolution of print news.
exceed $700 million. The Newseum will
broadcast studio, a "Cyber News Cafe"
A combination of 2-D images and text,
occupy four floors of the Freedom
offering both refreshments and access to
supplemented by digital video presenta-
Forum World Center in Rosslyn, a
electronic media and networks , and a
tions and artifacts dating back to the
multiblock cluster of office towers in
gift shop. Designed by Ralph Appel-
invention of the printing press in the
Arlington, Va.
baum, perhaps the country's leading
late 15th century, completes the time
Allen H. Neuharth, chairman of both
exhibition designer (see page 34), the
line.
the Freedom Forum and the Newseum
Newseum's multimedia, participatory
After passing by the broadcast studio
Board of Trustees-he founded USA
exhibits will both recount the history of
control room, visitors will arrive at the
Today and was Gannett's chairman and
news and expose visitors to interactive,
mezzanine level of the museum's largest
CEO-created The Freedom Forum as
state-of-the-art news technologies pre-
exhibition space, the "newsroom." This
saging the future.
two-story, 140-foot-long, electronic
Entering the reception lobby and
environment will feature a 125-foot-
Roger K. Lewis, FAIA, is a Washington-
ascending to the museum's highest lev-
long "news wall" with nine projectors
based architect, professor of architecture
el, visitors will see suspended overhead
displaying up-to-the-minute, round-
at the University of Maryland, and
a geodesic sphere displaying mastheads
the-clock news arriving via satellite and
columnist for The Washington Post.
of every daily published throughout the
fiber-optic cable feeds from around the
46
Museum News January/February 1996
By Roger K. Lewis
NEWSEUM
broadcasts originating from the Newse-
burg, the door of Martin Luther King's
um's glass-encased broadcast studio.
jail cell, and a South African ballot box
Yet the digital wizardry inside the
cast in bronze.
Newseum may be no less inspiring than
That this project is being funded
what's just outside in Freedom Park.
totally by a single, private foundation is
Now under construction and scheduled
extraordinary. But equally remarkable is
to open later this year, the park will
the Freedom Forum Foundation's deci-
offer appropriately symbolic views of
sion to build a $40-million museum
the Lincoln Memorial, Washington
inside its own office building-and an
Monument, and U.S. Capitol dome
architecturally banal one at that-while
framing Washington's monumental
transforming an obsolete freeway ramp
Mall across the river to the east. The
into a public park. In so doing, the
68,000-square-foot park is taking shape
Freedom Forum deserves high marks
atop a never-used elevated freeway seg-
for pursuing worthy ends through inge-
ment once intended to be part of a loop
nious means.
encircling Rosslyn. It spans one of Ross-
Locating in Rosslyn, adjacent to the
lyn's major boulevards and slides past
Potomac River and in sight of the mon-
the eastern facade of the Freedom
umental Mall, will make the Newseum
Forum World Center building. The
part of the galaxy of museums attracting
Newseum's theater, housed within a
millions of tourists yearly to the
hemispheric dome erupting from the
nation's capital. Many are expected to
When completed in 1997, the Newseum will
building's southeast corner, will be a
include the Newseum on their cultural
feature multimedia, participatory exhibits and a
major architectural element within the
and educational itineraries. Served by a
dome-covered "News Watch" theater.
park. With both paved and grass-cov-
Washington Metro subway line whose
ered surfaces, Freedom Park will
station is a block away, the Newseum's
world. Here visitors not only can moni-
include outdoor performance and din-
Rosslyn location is easily accessible. By
tor current events as they are unfolding
ing areas and will contain memorials
car, the Newseum is only minutes from
and being reported, but also can create
honoring news pioneers and journalists
downtown Washington and from many
and print their own news through role-
killed in the line of duty. Pieces of the
other population centers in Virginia
playing as reporters, editors, broadcast-
Berlin Wall and Checkpoint Charlie
and Maryland, Rosslyn being situated at
ers, or T.V. weather persons. They can
guard tower-"icons of freedom"-will
the confluence of several regional high-
conduct interviews with news profes-
be exhibited, along with a decapitated
ways.
sionals and participate in T.V. or radio
statue of Lenin toppled in St. Peters-
(Please turn to "Newseum," page 62)
The Washington area's newest major museum is taking shape across the Potomac River in Virginia.
The $40-million, privately funded project, while offering an "up-close and personal" look at the
history of the world's news media, also may add some life to the moribund urban landscape of
Rosslyn.
Museum News January/February 1996
47
("Newseum," continued from page 47)
Formerly a collection of derelict,
industrial riverfront properties, lumber
yards, pawn shops and bars, Rosslyn's
renewal was planned in the 1950s and
well underway in the 1960s. Unfortu-
nately, planning principles in vogue at
the time produced excessively wide,
auto-dominated streets lined with park-
ing garages surmounted by office build-
ings.
Seedy Rosslyn was eliminated, but
renewed Rosslyn became an aesthetical-
ly moribund, pedestrian unfriendly,
concrete cityscape devoid of street life.
Thus the Newseum and Freedom Park,
among numerous initiatives now
underway to catalyze Rosslyn's second
rebirth, promise to make Rosslyn a
more vibrant and visually appealing
destination. A major commitment to
educating the public, the Newseum and
park likewise reflect the Freedom
Forum's exemplary commitment to
enhancing an urban environment in
need of vitalization.
The Newseum and Freedom Park
also demonstrate what is possible
through "recycling" existing structures,
through adaptive reuse and imaginative
retrofitting in lieu of new construction.
Ralph Appelbaum faced the challenge of
designing a new museum within an
existing building envelope and structure
with fixed core elements-firestairs, ele-
vators, bathrooms, and utilities.
Yet he has fashioned spaces and
promenades that will appear uncon-
strained by the original context. Indeed,
Newseum visitors, once inside, are likely
to forget they are in the first four floors
of an office building. Similarly, pedes-
trians strolling through Freedom Park
may forget that the park's underlying
structure originally was built for cars.
How inventive to have recognized the
aesthetic potential of an obsolete free-
way fragment and converted it into a
linear park with views of the nation's
capital.
The Newseum is breaking new
ground without literally breaking
ground. And given its location, unique
purpose, and interactive, high-tech
exhibitry, it could become one of Wash-
ington's most popular museum destina-
tions.
M
Museum News January/February 1996
reedom Park is
F
dedicated to the
FREEDOM PARK
spirit of freedom.
Set among the bustling
1101 WILSON BOULEVARD ARLINGTON: 22209
streets of Rosslyn, in
Arlington. Va., Freedom
Park overlooks the
Potomac River and
the monuments of
Washington, D.C. At
the park's center.
The Freedom Forum
Journalists Memorial
- an elegant spiral of
© SCOTT FRANCES/ESTO
glass and steel - pays
tribute to journalists
Journalists Memorial - The memorial
who have died around
displays the names of nearly 1,000
journalists who have died in the line
the world while trying
of duty
to report the news.
On adjacent plazas, an international collection of icons
Artist's rendering of Newseum and Freedom Park
symbolizes victory over oppression and reminds us that the
fight for freedom continues. A salute to news pioneers honors
Adjoining Freedom Park is the Newseum, a
journalists who expanded the boundaries of news.
$50-million. 72.000-square-foot museum scheduled to
open in April 1997. The Newseum, the only interactive
museum of news. takes you behind the scenes to see and
experience how and why news is made. In the Interactive
Newsroom you can be a TV anchor or radio sportscaster,
edit a front page, or appear on a magazine cover. Relive
the great news stories of all time brought to life by
multimedia exhibits, artifacts and news memorabilia in
the News History Gallery. Experience today's news as it
happens and see the instantaneous global reach of
information on the 126-foot-long Video News Wall.
The Newseum and Freedom Park are funded by
The Freedom Forum. a nonpartisan, international
News Pioneers - From the earliest days of American history,
foundation dedicated to free press. free speech and free
Benjamin Franklin, Ida B. Wells and other pioneers of journalism broke
old barriers, forged new ideas and expanded the boundaries of news.
spirit for all people. Admission to the Newseum and
Freedom Park is free.
Freedom Park is a cooperative effort of The Freedom
For more information call toll-free 1-888-NEWSEUM.
Forum, Westfield Realty Co., the Rosslyn community and
Arlington County.
Freedom Park is located in Arlington, Va., on the overpass
between 1100 and 1101 Wilson Boulevard. Enter the park
from North Kent. North 17th or North Lynn streets. or from
the buildings at 1100 or 1101 Wilson Boulevard from the
Mall Level. Take Metro's Blue or Orange line to the Rosslyn
NEWSEUM
FUNDED BY THE FREEDOM FORUM
station.
1101 WILSON BLVD., ARLINGTON, VA 22209
Open daily dawn to dusk.
www.freedomforum.org
Berlin Wall segments: Three 12-foot-high segments of the
Berlin Wall are testament to the struggle between open and
closed societies. The Berlin Wall was constructed in 1961 to
stanch the flow of refugees from communist East Berlin to free
West Berlin. The wall fell in 1989 as the East German people
rose in protest against their repressive government.
Statue of Lenin: A toppled, headless statue of Vladimir Ilyich
Lenin. the architect of Soviet Communism. whose likeness was
everywhere in the former Soviet Union. When the Soviet
government collapsed in 1991. Lenin statues were pushed over
and beheaded as a symbol of the society's new openness.
Warsaw ghetto stones: These cobblestones came from the
Warsaw. Poland. ghetto where Jewish families were forced by
German occupation troops to live during World War II. On the
second night of Passover in 1943. a band of Jews fought their
Nazi oppressors. The Warsaw ghetto uprising was the first
revolt by an urban population in German-occupied Europe.
South African ballot box: A bronze casting of a ballot box and
ballots from the historic 1994 election in South Africa - the
first in which blacks were allowed to vote. With the election of
President Nelson Mandela. the country's black majority ended
apartheid and white-minority rule.
Cuban refugee kayak: A replica of a tin kayak used by two
Cuban refugees in 1966 to flee their country in search of
freedom in the USA.
Martin Luther King Jr.'s jail-cell door: A bronze casting of Dr.
Martin Luther King Jr.'s jail-cell door from Birmingham. Ala.
In 1963. King was jailed for leading nonviolent civil rights
protests. While incarcerated. he wrote - using a smuggled pen
and bits of newspaper and toilet paper - his "Letter from
Birmingham Jail" explaining why clergy needed to continue
their involvement in civil rights demonstrations.
Women's suffrage banners: Replicas of women's suffrage
banners. From 1848 to 1920 women rallied. paraded and
marched to demand the right to vote. Women won that right in
ANSWER
1920 with ratification of the 19th Amendment to the U.S.
Constitution.
PURE
If the Pool is dirty THE TIME
POOL of
HAS COME TO CLEAN IT.
Wages have bad Long Experience
Native American circle of stones: A "talking circle" of stones
Gleaning up after Men.
represents the Iroquois. Navajo and other Native American
tribes. It symbolizes early free-speech traditions. While not all
American Indian tribes used "talking circles." for those that
did. the circle was a powerful symbol of equality and continuity.
© ston S10
Photo credits: Berlin Wall Associated Press/John Gaps III: Lenin's Head -
Reuters/Bettmann. Mandela - Black Star/David Turnley: Warsaw Ghetto -
National Archives. Courtesy of the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum.
Photos of Icons Marc Karaoglan Cover photo: © Scott Frances/ESTO
GET THE INSIDE STORY
OPENING SPRING 1997
NEWSEUM
FUNDED
THE
ews is as old as human history -
IT IS A
T
he Newseum is conveniently located in
and as new as a digital image
Arlington, Va., minutes from the Iwo Jima
PLACE TO
UNDERSTAND
flashing halfway around the world.
Memorial and Arlington National Cemetery. The
TODAY'S
The heart of the Newseum is a breath-
72.000-square-foot museum is funded by The
EVENTS AND
taking. 126-foot-long Video News Wall
Freedom Forum. a nonpartisan, international
WONDER
ABOUT
where visitors experience breaking news as
foundation dedicated to free press, free speech
TOMORROW'S.
it happens and witness the instantaneous
and free spirit for all people. Admission is free.
global reach of information made possible
by new technologies.
HIGHLIGHTS INCLUDE:
Below the video wall, a display of daily
An Interactive Newsroom where you can be a
newspaper front pages from 50 states and
TV news anchor or radio sportscaster. appear
many countries enables you to compare
on a magazine cover, investigate a story, or
how different newspapers around the world
edit a front page through computer exhibits
play that day's top stories. And you will
and hands-on activities.
have the opportunity to talk with journalists
A 126-foot-long Video News Wall where you
to get the inside story on the day's news.
experience breaking news as it happens.
The Newseum will present changing
A News History Gallery where you relive the
exhibits focusing on news-related topics,
award-winning photographs and historic
great news stories of all time through exhibits,
artifacts, and the greatest display of historic
political and editorial cartoons.
newspapers. magazines and newscasts ever
assembled.
A domed theater with a 20-by-40-foot, high-
definition video screen, featuring films about
the role of a free press in a free society.
A state-of-the-art broadcast studio where you
can see radio and television news programs
being produced.
The News Byte Cafe where you can explore
the Internet and other on-line news sources.
The Newseum Store featuring one-of-a-kind
and news-related merchandise.
NEWSEUM
FUNDED BY THE FREEDOM FORUM
1101 Wilson Boulevard.
97-N01:1/97 SMITH
Arlington. Virginia 22209
703/284-3700 or 888/NEWSEUM (toll free)
www.newseum.org
Take Metro's Blue or Orange line to the Rosslyn Station.
INTRODUCING THE NEWSEUM
SEE THE GREAT NEWS STORIES
EXPLORE FREEDOM
T
he Newseum. the Washington, D.C.,
area's newest museum. opening spring
F
rom its birth as shared stories. news
has fulfilled a fundamental human
T
he Newseum focuses on the
inseparable link between news and
1997, is the only interactive museum of news.
NEWS
need - the need to know. In one of the
freedom. It challenges us to consider
A visit to the Newseum will be hands-
TELLS A
Newseum's largest exhibits, you step back
timeless questions of news and censorship,
on fun for everyone. Be a television anchor
COMPELLING,
in time and trace the extraordinary journey
of openness and repression. of the media's
UNIVERSAL
or radio sportscaster and take home a tape
news has made from
rights -- and its responsibilities.
STORY. IT
of your broadcast. Put
BINDS US
ancient eras to today's
Films examining the role of the
your face on a magazine
TOGETHER
global village.
PEACE
media and celebrating free-press values
cover. Go behind the
TO SHARE
In the News History
MERCURY
will be shown in a 220-seat domed
MOMENTS
scenes of a broadcast
Gallery. see how news
Los Angeles Times
EXTRA:
OF JOY AND
theater with high-definition equipment.
Simpson Not Guilty
control room to watch
TRAGEDY.
has evolved from spoken
Freed
After
15
Months
in
Jail
Adjoining the Newseum, and
the action live. See how
stories to a worldwide
offering views of the monuments of
the latest digital equip-
information explosion.
Washington. D.C., is Freedom Park.
ment is used to print and
Be an eyewitness to
broadcast news.
history and come face to
UNION
dedicated to the spirit of freedom.
On the park's grassy plazas, a
In the Interactive Newsroom. use state-
face with historic events that
collection of international icons represents
of-the-art touch-screen computer programs
changed the world forever.
historic moments in the pursuit of freedom
to test your skills as an investigative
The great news stories of
and reminds us that the fight
THE
reporter or make the choices an editor faces
all time are brought to life by
for liberty continues around
NEWSEUM
when selecting the front-page stories for a
multimedia exhibits and the
the world today.
IS AN
EXCITING,
newspaper. In the Ethics Center, experience
greatest display of historic
At the center of Freedom
HIGH-TECH
some of the quandaries journalists
newspapers. magazines. and
Park. The Freedom Forum
MUSEUM
encounter and make your own decisions
vintage and contemporary
Journalists Memorial honors
THAT WILL
about how to cover a story.
newscasts ever assembled.
journalists who have died
TAKE YOU
BEHIND
Step into a time-travel theater where
Artifacts tell the story of the
around the world while try-
THE SCENES
vintage newsreels bring to life news events
people. the technology and the
ing to report the news. The
TO LEARN
from the early days of sound and moving
events that made news -
monument bears the names of nearly 1.000
HOW AND
pictures. Take a break in the News Byte
WHY NEWS
from an 18th-century
slain journalists, dating from 1812.
IS MADE.
Cafe and explore the latest Internet and
Colonial Williamsburg
A salute to news pioneers, people who
other on-line news sources.
printing press to Peter
expanded the horizons of news. honors
Express your opinion on some of the
Arnett's Gulf War
Benjamin Franklin, Frederick Douglass,
hot news topics of the day. Then see your
microphone.
Ida B. Wells and others.
responses reflected in minute-by-minute
In the Early News
tabulations.
Gallery see artifacts of rare
beauty and significance that date back to
3000 B.C. The exhibit presents ancient
objects in a unique context that emphasizes
how information was passed before the
invention of printing.
Clinton Presidential Records
Digital Records Marker
This is not a presidential record. This is used as an administrative
marker by the William J. Clinton Presidential Library Staff.
This marker identifies the place of a publication.
Publications have not been scanned in their entirety for the purpose
of digitization. To see the full publication please search online or
visit the Clinton Presidential Library's Research Room.
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