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CHICOREN VIOLENCE Youth Development/After School/ Violence PRESERVATION PHOTOCOPY flicheldiens bioldnee Jason H. Schechter 04/30/99 08:56:51 AM Record Type: Record To: See the distribution list at the bottom of this message CC: Subject: 1999-4-29 Katie Couric Interview THE WHITE HOUSE Office of the Press Secretary For Immediate Release April 30, 1999 INTERVIEW OF THE PRESIDENT BY KATIE COURIC The Library The White House April 29, 1999 4:25 P.M. EDT Q Mr. President, first of all, thank you very, very much for talking with us this afternoon. We really appreciate it. Senator Trent Lott called your proposed gun control legislation the typical knee-jerk reaction, and Congressman Tom DeLay accused you of exploiting the issue for political benefit. You would say to them? THE PRESIDENT: That's ridiculous, and down deep they know it. I think -- you know, what I tried to say the other day is that we have a culture with too much violence in it for our children, and we need to address that -- television, the Internet, the whole range of things. But we also have a culture in America full of good people who are devoted to hunting and sport shooting, whose political views on these issues I think have been manipulated to create a movement that has terrified a lot of members of Congress from taking the most elemental precautions to keep criminals and keep children from having guns that they shouldn't have, that any other society in the world would take. Q Good people THE PRESIDENT: And that's why we have -- well, what I mean is, most of the people that are involved in serious hunting and sport shooting, they're law-abiding, they pay their taxes, they do what they're asked to do for the country -- they're fine people. But they have been convinced that the most modest, sensible ways of keeping society safer are some kind of camel's nose in a tent that will end up in the loss of their rifles, and that's ridiculous. You know, the Brady Bill has kept over a quarter of a million felons, fugitives and stalkers from getting guns. Who knows how many people it saved. But we've got loopholes in the Brady Bill. We've got loopholes in the assault weapons ban. We've got loopholes in the restrictions on these bit ammunition clips. We don't apply background checks at gun shows, which we ought to. We don't apply background checks to the purchase of explosives, which we ought to. These are sensible measures that will keep people alive. Q Who are these people being manipulated by? The National Rifle Association? THE PRESIDENT: The National Rifle Association, and some of these other groups as well. Q The NRA, by the way, Mr. President, is getting ready to meet in Denver. If you could have a cup of coffee with Charlton Heston before that meeting gets underway, what would you say to him? THE PRESIDENT: I would say it's -- you ought to be Moses and lead your people out of Egypt into the Promised Land. You ought to think about how we can protect the rights of hunters and use the good things the NRA's done to educate children, young people on gun safety, for example. And stop wasting your energy, when we try to say that a juvenile that commits a violent crime shouldn't have a gun. Stop wasting your energy when we try to reinstitute the waiting period for the Brady Bill, or close the assault weapons loopholes, or close the loopholes in the Brady Bill -- or, say that we ought to have a background check for explosives, or a background check at these gun shows. That's what we ought to do. This is designed to keep people alive, for goodness sakes. This has nothing to do with the right to hunt or to engage in sporting contests. Q Mr. President, do you believe any elements of your gun control package might have prevented the tragedy in Littleton? THE PRESIDENT: Well, we have to have all the facts. We know that they were involved with explosives. We know they had an assault pistol. We also -- one of the things we didn't talk about is that I want to strengthen the tracking -- weapons tracking capacity of the government when weapons pass through multiple hands. There may have been a gun show sale involved here. Depending on who bought it, we don't know what the background check would have occurred. What we do know is that if all these proposals were in place, they would save more lives more places. Just the Brady Bill alone has kept a quarter of a million people from getting guns who had questionable backgrounds. There's no doubt in my mind that a lot of lives were saved. The assaults weapons ban is a good thing, but there are too many loopholes in it and we want to close them. This just makes sense. I President Clinton, you've admitted that access to guns is just part of the problem. Another part is parenting in this country, or lack thereof. What are parents doing wrong? THE PRESIDENT: Let me tell you a story, because I don't think it's so much as what they're doing as maybe as what they're not doing. A member of the Congress who is a friend of mine and I had a conversation the other night, and he had just been with a high school and he asked the students at the high school this was a few days after Littleton -- how many of them had talked to their parents about this. And he said only a small minority raised their hands. And one young woman stood up and said, I had to stand in front of the television and tell my parents we were going to not watch any more television until we talked about this, because I think they were afraid, they didn't want to deal with the fact that this could happen in other places in America. I think that what we have to do is to, first of all, tell parents they have to assume responsibility for their children's television and video games and all that. They have to assume their family responsibility for that. But they also have to know insofar as they possibly can what's going on in their children's lives and minds, and we have to work with them to help them develop the skills necessary to determine if their kids need help, and then get the help they need, whether it's counseling or mental health services or whatever. Q That sounds great, but, do you enroll every parent in America in parenting classes? THE PRESIDENT: No. I think what you need is -- Hillary's told me this morning -- we got up and we talked late, late last night about this and then we got up this morning and we were talking again and she said I thought it was a great idea she said, what's worked in this country to change societies? We just had a big announcement today from Secretary Shalala that teen pregnancy's gone down for another year. There's been a national campaign against teen pregnancy, a real movement that asked all sectors of our society, starting with parents, but including everyone else, to do something on this. We've seen a decline in drunk driving, largely spurred, I think, by Mothers and Students Against Drunk Driving. We saw a national campaign to get people to wear their seatbelts when they were driving. And she said, and I agree, we need a national campaign that mobilizes all these things -- that doesn't pretend that guns are the issue, that culture is the whole issue, that parents are the whole issue, that school safety is the whole issue, but deals with all of this together. If the American people make up their mind that we're going to do better on this, we'll do better. Q But as you know, Mr. President, parents and children and families are bombarded with these violent images every day -- on television, in the movies, video games reward children for obliterating figures with virtual bullets and bombs. Many parents want to do the right thing, but these cultural influences are so enormously strong, they feel as if they're swimming against this tide. THE PRESIDENT: They are. I have two or three things to say about that. First of all, the First Amendment prohibits us from banning some of these things, but we now have a television rating system, to go with the movie rating system. We will soon have all new televisions with a V-chip in them, so the rating systems can be enforced by parents. We are seeing more and more technology develop which will allow some web sites to be blocked by parents, if they're inappropriate. We first have to try to get parents more control over the exposure of their children to the culture of violence. The second thing we have to do is to challenge the entertainment industry to minimize the use of gratuitous violence and not to present it in a way that will desensitize people to the pain, the agony and, ultimately, the finality of violence. Q But for many of those people, that's their stock and trade. THE PRESIDENT: It is, and there's a market for it. The American people buy it. They purchase it. They lap it up. But I think we have to face the fact that kids today are growing up in a culture that is more violent, culturally violent. The crime rate has been going down for six years over all, but the images are violent. And, therefore, children that are more vulnerable are more likely, A, to be desensitized to violence and then to actually be desensitized to the impact of their employing violence. But I think in the end you've got to take it back to the fact that we all have responsibilities and it starts with parents. We have to help convince our children that they should not have their actions controlled or directed outside them, and they shouldn't let other people define what kind of people they are. And we've then got to do more in the schools -- with counseling, with mediation, with getting mental health services where they need it. And we've got to then ask ourselves what are the further responsibilities of the entertainment community, what are the responsibilities of the government. Go back to the gun industry -- something they could do, that I think would be great -- I'm talking about the manufacturers, now -- they ought to voluntarily come forward, as many have, and say, we're going to have more child trigger locks. They even are now developing technologies where a thumbprint can be imprinted on a gun and only the people who have the print can fire the gun. There are lots of things that can be done, but if we're all caught up in this and it becomes our obsession, I know we will do better. I know we will. Q Some members of Congress have asked for an emergency summit meeting at the White House, with leaders of the entertainment industry. Do you plan to have that summit? THE PRESIDENT: Well, I plan to bring some high-level folks from the entertainment industry and from other sectors of our society that I think can be active here, together at the White House in the near future, and then figure out how we can put together the elements of a national campaign. I think the entertainment industry is going to have to be a big part of it. What I think is a mistake is, I think it would be a mistake for the people who don't want to offend the NRA to blame Hollywood; and the people that don't want to offend Hollywood to blame the NRA -- instead of keeping our children and their safety and their future in mind, and asking ourselves, what should we do about guns, what should we do about culture, what should we do about the schools, how can we help the parents and what is government's responsibility. Those are the big questions. We should ask and answer all of them, not just one. Q Mr. President, can you say to Hollywood executives, look, I need your help? Or is it tough to put pressure on them, given the fact that they've been so supportive of you and so generous to your campaigns? THE PRESIDENT: No. No, it's easier for me to do, I think in some ways, because I know them. Keep in mind, the first time I went out to Hollywood and did this in a highly public way was in late 1993. And then we got a lot of Hollywood executives in and they played a major role in the development of the television rating systems, which was essential to make the V-chip work. So we got a lot of support out of the entertainment community for the rating systems and for the V-chip. We've gotten a remarkable amount of support in the years since from the high-tech community for control technologies on the Internet. So I think that -- they don't go as far as I wish they would often on the violent content of some movies and some television shows and some video games. But there has been progress made. - 5 - MORE - 5 - One of the big problems we've got now is to make sure parents understand how to use the V-chip on television and understand how to use the blocking technologies on the Internet. Most parents are like me, they're not nearly as computer literate as their children are. And we've got a big job there to do. But, yes, I have no problem asking them to do more and challenging them to do more. That's easy. The difficult thing is to ask all of those questions of all of those people I mentioned. That's why I think the First Lady's idea of having a national campaign in which we all get caught up is the right way to go here. Q And, yet, it inevitably gets so mired in politics and the best of intentions, it seems, are -- THE PRESIDENT: Well, I think the only thing that gets mired in politics on this score, really, is when you have to pass a bill in Congress that's opposed by powerful interest groups. But, otherwise, I think at a community level and in terms of empowering the schools and the parents and organizing groups to demand changes, I think it will be pretty straightforward. And even in Congress -- as I told this group I spoke to a few days ago, if the American people want change badly enough, the Congress will respond. They'll go beyond partisan politics, they'll go beyond interest group politics. If they believe the American people want it bad enough, they'll respond. Q Mr. President, thank you again for your time. We really appreciate it. THE PRESIDENT: Thank you. END 4:40 P.M. EDT Message Sent To: 11/08/93 23:45 202 296 5854 NEW YORKER 002 tant aunt. 1100 Deen degree murder. Neighbors II) Maviair said was taken to " hospital for treatment WITH Mansions, an apartment complex just east of an undisclosed ailment. 15 scheduled to anis's bathroom Write 541 In: sound of of the Anacostia River in Northcast Wash- be arraigned in D.C. Superior Court today. beatings seemed to come :rom that bath- ington, said Adams is pregnant and told Some residents said that for the last room. them it will be her first child. One neigh- month they had heard the screams of a "The child would cry and cry.- said bor said Adams told her she sometimes child. But the people in Adams's building White, who said she didn't even know the DONNA BRITT Angry Wilder Offers Long Li Promoting Gangstas For Profit n the last few weeks. three major "gangsta" rappers have been arrested and charged with serious crimes. On Sunday. Tupac Shakur. the promising actor ("Poetic Justice"), was charged with shooting two off-duty police officers 5 Atlanta. Monday, Flavor Flav of the group Public Enemy was charged in New York with attempting to kill a neighbor he suspected of having sex with his girlfriend. And in Los Angeles, Snoop Doggy Dogg was arraigned on murder charges after his.bodyguard fired shots that killed a man from a car Dogg was driving. Now ] can't know if these guys are guilty. But as a square who knows only about nine individual "gangsta" rappers by name, I do know that a full third of the men I'm familiar with whose raps celebrate violence have been charged with Virginia Gov. L Douglas Wilder (b). left. greets Fairtax County Board Chairman Thomas M. Dan violent crimes. right, at a state Chamber of Commerce lunch in New York. Between them is Gov.-elect George Speaking of crimes. here's part of a news release for the debut album of the hard-core singing-not rap-group DRS (Dirty Rotten Scoundreis): Health Plan Proposed for Sm "Gangsta Lean." says the release. offers "Dope [cool] lyrics for the real niggaz a lesson on how to Benefits Package Presented to Commission Is Similar get paid, & slice of the average day in the hood. and an insight into the tool state lawmakers chose when they el mind of the endangered young black By Amy Goldstein acted far-reaching health reforms this yea male." and Richard Tapscott The unveiling of details today intensified "There's never been a gangsta Washington Post Staff Witers high-stakes lobbying campaign by doctor singing group singing about BALTIMORE, Nov. 4-Maryland officials chiropractors and mental health workers e drive-by shootings the release boasts. "You can't be soft in the today proposed a controversial standard ger to secure coverage for their own bran world they talk about." Tough talk health benefits package for employees of of care. notwithstanding. the world of small businesses that would cover preventive A standing-room-only crowd listened as gangsta rap fans contains a care and abortions while encouraging pa- task force made its recommendation to a PO surprising number of suburban kids, tients to join health maintenance organiza- erful gubernatorial health commission tl industry specialists say. tions. must adopt a standard benefits plan in 0 The Maryland benefits proposal, similar in month. See BRITT, B4, Col 1 emphasis to the health plan President Clinton The Maryland Health Care Access 8 has presented to Congress, was the central Cost Commission, which was created by 1 11/08/93 23:47 202 296 5854 NEW YORKER 003 B4 FRIDAY. NOVEMBER 5. 1993 THE WASHI DONNA BRITT Making a Killing Off Gangsta Music BRITT. From Bl beat up women for deciding what to do with their own bodies-excuse me. for "not delivering the Group members. who call their album "Real Nigga goods" or the "poom-poom." News for the world," call themselves even worse: I'd like your bosses at Capitol and executives at Jad Bait the Merciless; Deuce Deuce the Shooter. other labels to recognize whom they're helping to set Endo the [excrement] Starter: and Pic the "Bitch" up: misguided artists who-perhaps like Tupac Killer. (Interscope), Flav (Def Jam/Chaos/Columbia) and They individually offer thanks to God in the liner Dogg (Interscope)-glamorize brutality and must notes of an album with cuts suggesting that men feel that major record labels signing off on their hold a reluctant "bitch" down because "I'm breakin' sickness validates Their living it out. off a piece and I'm passin' it around." and "I don't But wait-those accused thugs are grown-ups care about killing cause mama didn't raise no who are paid handsomely. right? punks." Absolutely. So please, set me up with your Did I mention that the album's haunting accountant. who no doubt can tell me who pays the beautifully sung title cut, which memorializes kids who hear this vocal vomit and internalize it. or murdered homeboys, is the District's No. I song, who buy DRC's album because. hey. the fellas can According to WPGC (FM-95.5)? Distributor Capitol sing. Records has a hit on its hands. Surely the entertainment world-along with the Maybe that explains Capitol publicist Stacey drug dealers and gunrunners-can't be the only Murray's breathless take on other "Gangsta" tracks. ones getting rich off random death. So set it up so "Nigga With a Badge." she writes. "is a scathing that I can SPP the with-interest earnings of the 2-, 5- indictment of homeboys that 'turn' on their and 11-year-olds whose playgrounds get sprayed by gang and join the other side." bullets from submachine guns wielded bv the killers Then rhere's "Strip," which DRS says IS about a you glamorize. Show the dollars set aside for the girl who, after deciding during sex or even after the families of victims who might have lived if a turncoat act that she didn't "want to give up the poom-poont." "nigga with a badge" had been around to help them. cries rape. The song, Murray writes, will "raise DRS told the rruth: it's a "hustle," "a lesson on some eyebrows with a pointed message for girls how to get paid." who tease but don't want to deliver the goods," Record execs have a great hustle. Since almost Murray then invites journalists interested in this none live in the "hood" you 50 hiply refer to, they "retreshingly original" album to call if they'd like to needn't worry about the poison they help spread in "set something up." it. Yeah, girlfriend. Once I get my eyebrows down, I I know: Capitol is just a purveyor of art whose wanna set something up. Since I couldn't reach you sole responsibility is seeing that art is disseminated. by phone yesterday, I'll lay it out here. So let's cut to my "dopest" fantasy: Setting up the First, 1 want your company to set up a fund in Capitol execs of your choice. on a crime-raked which a quarter for every dollar earned by Capitol corner in South Central L.A., Southeast for sales of "Gangsta Lean" goes to a job program Washington, Denver or Chicago to deliver this benefiting folks in the community DRS purports to much-needed art, up-close and personal. to those represent. most affected. Next I want to set up an appointment between Maybe after they experience a vulture's-eye view you and some real women who were raped or who of the lifestyle that DRS's "fun" and "checky" songs got their heads kicked in by guys who, like the promote, their next news release won't make me "refreshingly original" Scoundrels. feel it's cool to want to cop a gangsta lean over the nearcst tollet. Corrections Officers Held in Smuggling D.C. Jail Workers Charged With Taking Bribes, Transporting Drugs Bv Ruben Castaneda The six people arrested yester- guards union about starting a random Washington Post Stan Wrent day pleaded not guilty before U.S. drug-testing program. Officers cur- District Judge Rovre Lambert. rently are subject to drug testing as For the fifth time in four years. Lambert ordered cash of the What to look for, and what to do if there's a problem. How Safe Is Your Child's Left: At an Indianapolis high school, students are searched by a metal detector. Below: School? Children eat in a, school cafeteria in Philadelphia. Whether As a parent, you should make sure the counseling and after-school activities. they are school is taking effective steps in such Finally, school safety involves more concerned about cases, but you should also watch what than just what goes on in the schools. violence or goes on at home. And if you have weap- Violence is often instigated during af- how food ons at home, be extremely careful that ter-school programs, such as sporting is prepared, children do not have access to them: parents events or parties, where emotions run should know A surprising number of weapons found high. Young people must have time for how to get in schools are brought from home. fun without an adult watching over information Gangs are a real problem in urban ar- them, but it is important that those and get involved. eas. Some cities have developed school times are not completely unsupervised. programs that help students discuss the In areas where students walk to school, appeal of gangs, attempting to steer parents often get together to set up sys- Atteberry/Indianapolis Star/Sipa them toward other forms of group activ- tems in which they volunteer to walk ity. In many areas, churches and syna- a particular beat right before or right af- gogues have played a role by providing ter school, to make sure the area around the school is safe. Leen/Matrix In each case, be sure the children feel comfortable, safe and trusted. Food. The recent focus on the safe- BY COLIN GREER ty of food in fast-food restaurants has heightened concerns about school food. T SEEMS THAT, MORE AND flict management cen- There's no reason you can't find out if more, parents are bombarded ters"-places where kids school food is safe to eat. Simply orga- PRESERVATION PHOTOCOPY I with reports of dangers in their can bring their disagree- nize a parents' group and send a repre- children's schools: from oth- ments and have them sentative into the school kitchen to see er students, from school food, judged by a third party, of- how they prepare the food. If you check from school buildings them- ten a jury of their peers. out the kitchen, look at the following: selves. How real are these Some schools have class- Is there training for staff on health is- dangers, and what can parents es on managing anger, keep- sues? Do they know to scrub their hands do about them? In this article, PARADE ing fights from escalating with soap and water not only after go- looks at some of the problems-in par- and preventing violence. ing to the bathroom but also after han- ticular violence and accidents. A fu- Other schools have in- dling raw meat? Is the kitchen gener- ture article will examine the physical creased the visible presence ally clean and vermin-free? What were dangers in our schools, including lead, of adults by getting parents the results of the most recent health in- redon achestos and how food ons at home, be extremely careful that ter-school programs, such as sporting is prepared, children do not have access to them: events or parties, where emotions run parents should know A surprising number of weapons found high. Young people must have time for how to get in schools are brought from home. fun without an adult watching over information Gangs are a real problem in urban ar- them, but it is important that those and get involved. eas. Some cities have developed school times are not completely unsupervised. programs that help students discuss the In areas where students walk to school, appeal of gangs, attempting to steer parents often get together to set up sys- Atteberry/Indianapolis Star/Sipa them toward other forms of group activ- tems in which they volunteer to walk ity. In many areas, churches and syna- a particular beat right before or right af- gogues have played a role by providing ter school, to make sure the area around the school is safe. Leen/Matrix In each case, be sure the children feel comfortable, safe and trusted. Food. The recent focus on the safe- BY COLIN GREER ty of food in fast-food restaurants has heightened concerns about school food. T SEEMS THAT, MORE AND flict management cen- There's no reason you can't find out if more, parents are bombarded ters"-places where kids school food is safe to eat. Simply orga- I with reports of dangers in their can bring their disagree- nize a parents' group and send a repre- children's schools: from oth- ments and have them sentative into the school kitchen to see er students, from school food, judged by a third party, of- how they prepare the food. If you check from school buildings them- ten a jury of their peers. out the kitchen, look at the following: selves. How real are these Some schools have class- Is there training for staff on health is- dangers, and what can parents es on managing anger, keep- sues? Do they know to scrub their hands do about them? In this article, PARADE ing fights from escalating with soap and water not only after go- looks at some of the problems-in par- and preventing violence. ing to the bathroom but also after han- ticular violence and accidents. A fu- Other schools have in- dling raw meat? Is the kitchen gener- ture article will examine the physical creased the visible presence ally clean and vermin-free? What were dangers in our schools, including lead, of adults by getting parents the results of the most recent health in- radon, asbestos and electromagnetic to volunteer a few hours of spection? (There should have been one.) fields (see box on next page). their time. This does not Try not to act confrontational. The have to be schoolyard duty staff may be glad to change the way Violence. First of all, it's important -in fact, experts suggest that it's bet- they do things if you offer helpful ad- to realize that most of the violence in ter for parents to do something more Parents can make schools vice rather than criticism. If they are schools is not the extreme kind we see productive, like helping in the office or not responsive to your concerns, how- on TV, with kids wielding guns and hang- volunteering as a teacher's assistant. The safer by spending a few ever, contact your district superinten- ing out with street gangs. It's more mun- idea is to show children that their par- dent, then your area health authority. dane: fights breaking out between two ents care about what goes on in school, Infections. In most cases, children students, bigger kids bullying littler not to make students feel patrolled. hours of their time there. who have been vaccinated cannot be kids, threats and counterthreats. Cases that involve weapons are rare, To curb violence, it's essential to but they deservedly receive a great deal The idea is to show that infected by classmates with those ill- nesses. And schools (even kindergartens establish a relaxed, positive climate in of attention. Reports of guns or knives and day-care centers) almost always re- the school. That's not always easy-es- in school need to be dealt with firmly PRESERVATION you care, not to make quire students to have all relevant vac- PHOTOCOPY pecially if the problem has escalated— by the school administration. Officials cinations for their age before they are but parents can play an important role. should (and usually do) institute strong Some schools have instituted "con- measures when weapons are involved. children feel patrolled. admitted. Requirements vary from state to state, but the common vaccines re- PAGE 8 NOVEMBER 7, 1993 PARADE MAGAZINE quired include polio, diphtheria/ tetanus/pertussis (whooping cough), haemophilus influenzae type B, hepa- titis B and measles/mumps/rubella (five vaccines). There's little chance of your children contracting any of these diseases once they've been inoculated. Kids who didn't get vaccines when they were younger can still get them Introdu when they enter school. As long as they didn't contract the diseases dur- ing the time they went unvaccinated, they can count themselves as (very) lucky. Once they're vaccinated, even if it's done late, they're safe. The main thing is to be sure children are vaccinated on a regular schedule before they enter school. Many parents are surprised to learn that vaccinations A New S are not a one-time affair. Consult your community health board to see what's recommended. If you can't afford to pay for the vaccines, the board also can tell what provisions may be available in your state for financial assistance. Traffic accidents. School buses should be like any other vehicle-kids should wear seatbelts and be super- vised. Talk with your children to learn Or A if their buses seem safe. If you have doubts, ask permission to ride on the bus one day yourself. As with the kitchen staff, be respectful of the bus drivers-theirs is a hard job. In some school districts, two adults are as- signed to each bus: one driver and one person to make sure the kids don't get dangerously unruly. If paying for an extra person is too costly, organize a New Sup group of parents to take turns acting as bus-safety monitors. How can parents make sure that teenagers-who are starting to drive themselves-are safe? One way is to organize minibus services, paid for by the group of parents. That way, if the teens are at an after-school sports event or a party, they know that if things get Campbel CONDENS out of hand, they have a safe ride home-even if the person they came with doesn't want to leave. P Cream of Chicken & Broc Colin Greer, who is president of the New World Foundation, often writes for PARADE on social issues. SEND US YOUR QUESTIONS An area of concern for parents is danger from the school's physical environment-including contami- SOUP nation from lead, radon and as- bestos; hazardous-waste sites near school areas; and computer termi- Here's a new soup that can help yc nals or electromagnetic fields. For a forthcoming article that will deal new dinner. From Pasta Primavera PHOTOCOPY with these issues, send your ques- It may start as a soup, but it doe PRESERVATION tions to: Safe Schools, Parade, P.O. Box 4814, Grand Central Station, Campbell's Never Underestimate New York, N.Y. 10163-4814. PARADE MAGAZINE . NOVEMBER 7, 1993 . PAGE 9 LYNN MINTON REPORTS: groups for every situation in this FRESH country except virginity. I'm not LAUGH saying that every male or female that is a virgin should scream their sexual VOICES R status from the rooftops. But you shouldn't have to be ashamed of it PARAD either. And I am tired of boys being BY BUNNY HOEST AND JOHN REINER 'Why isn't there a excluded when the issue of virginity is discussed. Women are told that it is virgin support group?' okay to be a virgin; men should also be told that, and not be pressured by "I'm tired of being their sexually active friends. sexually harassed "I mean, some girls I know are in school-usually pregnant right now. Some have babies it's by a group already. Girls my age. It seems like of boys standing they are pressured into having sex in together by the order to keep their boyfriends. Girls lockers and making act real funny around boys. Once they comments about have a boyfriend, it's like they live each girl as she walks by. Like about only for him. breast size. Or things like, 'If I was "I don't want a boyfriend. It seems in a room with you, I'd do this and like when a girl has a boyfriend, he that to you.' kind of takes control of her. I don't "If you admire me, come and talk want that. And I don't want to become to me by yourself. I mean, I'm a girl, a pregnant teenager. Right now, I'm you're a boy-respect me. My studying hard, and I don't need all brother, he's 13 right now, and he that responsibility." seems okay. But something happens -Jenelle Roberts, 16, to them when their hormones start up. Union, N.J. "Don't bother Daddy...He's processing the day's di "Why isn't there a virgin support Teenagers: Have you been sexually ha- group? It seems like there are support rassed? Please tell us what happened. HOWARD HUGE® 'A lot of times, school is just so dull and boring' We asked the gifted actor Leonardo DiCaprio, 18, whom you may remember from the TV series "Growing Pains," how he felt about school: "I was frustrated-I For me, it's all about wasn't happily learning things. I Caton-Jones/Sygma getting a person interested in a subject know it's up to you, by linking a lot of to a degree, but a lot happiness to it, a lot of of times school is just joy in doing it. That was so dull and boring, lacking for me-and it's hard for a kid maybe for a lot of other to learn in that kids in this country." environment. You go to school, you go Leonardo starred in to this class, go to "This Boy's Life" with "Tie score. Twenty seconds to go. The Cowboys have a t that class, study this, Robert De Niro (on and you want to go for a walk?!" study that, get your video) and will appear homework, go home. with Johnny Depp and There's hardly ever Juliette Lewis in "What's Leonardo DiCaprio any vibrance there. I Eating Gilbert Grape." needed to go to a place where I was Teenagers: How do you feel about excited about what I was learning. your school? Let us hear from you. RIGHT TURN Unfavorite lines parents say to teenagers ON RED PERMITTED BUT NOT 7 "I can't stand it RECOMMENDED "My mom says, 'You can talk to me when one of my about anything.' But when I do, she parents asks me if gets mad! And I hate it when, after I I want to go break up with a boyfriend, she says, somewhere with 'I didn't like him anyway.' them, and I say "I'm really a fashion-conscious 'no'-and then person, but my mother and brother they automatically like to ask me questions like, 'What make me the bad guy, trying to make do you have on?' What's that me feel guilty. (They say, 'Oh, if supposed to mean?" that's the way you feel.')" -Tracee M. Beasley, 19, -Mike Geha, 14, St. Joseph, Mo. Statesboro, Ga. PHOTOCOPY Write Lynn Minton, Box 5103, Grand Central Station, New York, N.Y. 10163-5103. Please include daytime phone number. Personal replies, regrettably, are not possible. PRESERVATION PAGE 10 NOVEMBER 7, 1993 11/02/93 13:35 2026906167 HHS DRUG COUNSEL 001 DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH & HUMAN SERVICES Counsel to the Secretary for Drug Abuse Policy Washington U.C. 20201 FACSIMILE PLEASE NOTIFY OR HAND-CARRY THIS TRANSMISSION TO THE FOLLOWING PERSON AS SOON AS POSSIBLE: Name: Ann Bartley Address: Office of the First Lady Phone #: Fax #: 456-6244 Number of pages being transmitted (including this one): 8 FROM: Angela Duran (Piter Edelman) FAX number: 202-690-6167 Office Number: 202-690-6641 or 6056 COMMENTS: Attached is a copyof are work plan, - copy of actitter from Peter to the just lady, If you need any further information, litime and a list of the groups + their chairs know. 11/02/93 13:36 2026906167 HHS DRUG COUNSEL 002 October 1993 INTERDEPARTMENTAL WORKING GROUP ON VIOLENCE WORK PLAN I. Statement of Purpose We live in one of the truly violent countries in the world. The President has already proposed a major crime bill that speaks to law enforcement measures to reduce violence, including the Brady bill. The working group is to complement that effort with a focus on additional prevention measures to dry up the flood of violence now occurring. Effective law enforcement also prevents violence, but it should be evident by now that we will continue to have waves of additional perpetrators if we do not undertake broader prevention strategies in addition. Our efforts must be "both-and," not "either-or." Our subject is physical harm that is inflicted intentionally or recklessly by people on other people. This encompasses the violence in our streets that consists so dramatically of violence by youth against other youth but also victimizes and terrorizes people of all ages, the violence within families that victimizes women and children and increasingly the elderly, the violence between groups that stems from hate and ignorance, and the violence of sexual assault. Specifically, we will divide into six groups, on youth violence, family violence, intercommunal violence, sexual assault, firearms, and media. They are described more fully below. There are some premises to guide us. One, while national leadership is essential, lasting solutions must be based in neighborhoods and communities. Neighborhoods will need outside assistance, and 50 will community-wide endeavors and commitments, but wide citizen and civic participation in generating and implementing solutions is essential at all levels. A second promise is that a variety of approaches must be contemplated, both because prevention is multidimensional and because local needs and strengths will differ from place to place. Three, resources are limited. II. scope of our Report, and Deadlines We are to produce both short-term and long-term ideas, offering options for immediate steps and a blueprint for the next few years for policy development, including needed research. We need not produce an exhaustive set of recommendations, but rather a report that lends itself to good decision-making about next steps. We need to pay attention to other relevant activity within the Administration, to avoid duplication. And we will want to find ways to tap the tremendous amount of expertise and information that exists around the country on the subject. 11/02/93 13:37 2026906167 HHS DRUG COUNSEL 003 Page Two This is an action-orionted inquiry with a short time horizon for completion. Our overall deadline is the end of December. We want an interim progress report from the groups and subgroups by November 12. We want the final reports from the working groups by December 10 so that we can iron out any inconsistencies and otherwise put them in final form. The group and subgroup chairs and the overall steering group will meet on October 26 and November 18 at 1 p.m. to review progress and work out any overlaps that have developed. We will, tentatively, make an interim report to the Domestic Policy Council in November, to get feedback and make mid- course corrections. We are tar from the totality of activity within the Administration on the subject. The President will undoubtedly speak out before we complete our work, as he already has. And there have been relevant Administration proposals since day one last January, many of which have already been enacted. Empowerment zones and family preservation are but two examples that have major implications for prevention of violence. III. Format of Group and Subgroup Reports Each report, whether it is of a group or a subgroup, should be approximately 20 pages in length, The length WIIL obviously vary somewhat, since the tasks vary somewhat in their scope. Reports should done on Word Perfect 5.1, and a diskette should be turned in with the hard copy. Reports should be structured as follows: I. Size and scope of the current problem in the area assigned to the group or subgroup, including some description of the history and the causes of the problem. II. Current policies and programs, both federal and other (including state and local government and other public institutions, corporate, foundation, church, trade union, civic and other private institutions, and neighborhood). What actually works and what doesn't work? What are the major duplications and/or disconnects in the policies and programs? III. Proposed remedies, again federal and other, including: - legislative proposals - proposals for reconfiguration of and interdepartmental cooperation regarding existing federal programs and policies - leadership and speech ideas for the President, cabinet members, and others who should speak out on the issues 11/02/93 13:39 2026906167 HHS DRUG COUNSEL 1 004 Page Three - initiatives technical assistance activities to assist grass-roots - media and communications strategies of all kinds - actions of all kinds that might be undertaken by institutions and individuals in all parts of American society IV. including: Research and evaluation agenda for the problem set in question, -- identifying the risk factors and protective factors for the violence area in question, by analogy to those related to drugs and alcohol, with intervention strategies designed to take these factors into consideration; and - collecting information on effective programs for use in the creation of other programs. IV. Configuration of the Groups The six groups will be: 1. Youth (which will actually consist of five subgroups without an overarching main group) 2. Family, including child abuse, domestic violence (interspousal and interpartner), and elder abuse, and also including development and prevention issues for ages zero to three 3. Intercommunal, including hate violence 4. Sexual assault 5. Firearms 6. Media The five youth subgroups will be: a. Youth development. This will be the largest, and the closest to an overarching main youth group. It will have a specific task of exploring the possibility of an interdepartmental youth development initiative, but it also will have the broader charge of considering "primary" prevention or youth development policies more generally for both in-school and out-of-school youth, with consideration of necessary policies for children of all ages to foster healthy youth dovelopment. This subgroup will have to pay particular attention to the work of the next three subgroups listed below to minimize 11/02/93 13:40 2026906167 HHS DRUG COUNSEL 005 Page Four overlap. b. Juvenile justice. The charge to this subgroup is at a minimum to compile best practices regarding differential responses to youth who have already committed violent crimes and court-related youth who can still bonefit from interventions in lieu of traditional incarceration or institutionalization. Best practices regarding reintegration into the community following institutionalization are on the agenda. too. The subgroup might conceptualize some demonstrations, too. c. Schools. Education will of course participate in both of the above groups, as well as others, but this group will be particularly concerned with antiviolence curricula and mediation and conciliation initiatives. The Dept of Ed is of course already working on these issues, SO the purpose of the group is in part for them to get the advice and possible participation of other departments regarding programs in this area. d. Place. The responsibility of this subgroup will include ideas that strengthen places for which HUD takes responsibility. This is at least about public housing, although the idea of place (or community) goes beyond HUD's specific arcas of responsibility. Law enforcement strategies involving partnership with neighborhoods to reclaim street corners from drug dealers and thereby prevent "hot spot" violence on those corners would be included here, too. so, violence. too, would proposed actions regarding bars that are hot spots for e. Process. This group will be chaired by shay Bilchik and will work, perhaps with Denver and Omaha as case examples of cities with which DOJ has already started to work, on conceptualizing a model planning process for communities to deal with youth violence, including an approach to simplitying the process of approaching the federal government for assistance in the youth area. 11/02/93 13:41 2026906167 HHS DRUG COUNSEL 006 DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH & HUMAN SERVICES Office of the Secretary Washington. D.C. 20201 October 27, 1993 MEMORANDUM TO: The First Lady (via Carol Rasco) FROM: Peter Edelman SUBJECT: Violence Working Group Carol asked me to provide you a brief overview of the interdepartmental working group on violence, chaired by Phil Heymann, Madeleine Kunin, and me, and also involving Dr. David Satcher, the new head of the Centers for Disease Control. This is a 7 agency effort (HHS, Justice, Ed, Labor, HUD, Agriculture, and ONDCP, plus Domestic Policy Council and now VP staff) to do a quick 3 month look at the violence problem broadly defined, current programs and policies, and what should be done at the federal level and more generally, including an agenda for further research. We are defining violence to include youth/street violence, intra-household violence, hate violence, and sexual assault. We have interagency working groups and subgroups in all of these areas, plus groups on guns and on the media, involving altogether close to 100 people from the various agencies. They will also do some consultation with outside experts, Hill people, and people from communities around the country as they do their work. We will submit a report to Carol for transmission to you and the President at about the end of the calendar year, so we will obviously not cover the subject in totality. The report should help by collecting in one place state-of- the-art information about the problem and current federal efforts. It will contain suggestions and options for immediate-term actions and proposals and for longer-term strategies. We are already seeing payoffs from gotting the agencies to talk with one another. They are learning about activities within other parts of the government that they did not know existed, and they are seeing ways to work together. The firearms group, chaired by Eldie Acheson and Dr. Mark Rosenberg of the Centers for Disease Control, is especially exciting because it is the first time to my knowledge that law enforcement and public health experts have looked at the gun problem on a joint basis. This is obviously not the be-all and end-all of the Administration's discussion and action on violence. From the crime bill to the President's emphasis on violence in his public speeches, to the violence prevention implicit in everything from Head Start expansion and family preservation to empowerment zones, we have been working on violence prevention from day one. 11/02/93 13:43 2026906167 HHS DRUG COUNSEL 007 Page 2 Nonetheless, I hope this effort will give us the basis for moving forward. I look forward to meeting with you and discussing all of want. this, and am of course ready to provide any further information you 11/02/93 13:43 2026006167 HHS DRUC COUNSEL 008 Interdeportmental Working Group On Violence Group Clrairs Youth Development Ann Rosewater, HHS 401-5180/401-5770 Bill Modzeleski, ED 401-3030/401-1069 Bob Litman, DOL 219-8660/219-5455 Juvenile Justice John Wilson. DOI 307-5911/514-6382 Schools Bill Modzelewski, ED 401-3030/401-1069 Place Julie Fagan, HUD 708-1197/708-0690 Process Shay Bilchik, DOJ 514-4637/514-6897 Family Janet Harmett, HHS 401-9220/205-3598 Intercommunal Susan Liss, DOJ 514-4016/514-2424 Ed Moses, HUD 619 8201/708-0690 Sexual Assanlt Kevin DiGregory, DOJ 514-9724/514-6034 Carolyn Hightower. DOJ 307-5948/514-6383 Fircarms Eldie Acheson, DOJ 514-4601/514-2421 Mark Rosenberg, IIHS 404-488-4690/404-488-4422 Media Allan Rivlin, HHS 690-7578/690-5673 Michele Cavataio, ED 401-1000/401-3093 OCT-25-93 MON 11:27 CRAVER MATHEWS SMITH CO FAX NO. 7032370600 P. 01 Craver, Mathews, Smith & Company, Inc. 300 North Washington Street Falls Church Virginia 22046 Telephone: (703) 237-0600 Fax Machine: (703) 237-0622 FAX Date: Fax number: To: Ann Bartley Organization: From: Jackie Blumenthal Total number of pages including this cover sheet: 15 Notes / Comments: as requested The information contained in this facsimile message is intended only for the use of the individuals to whom it is addressed and may contain information that is privileged and confidential, the disclosure of which is prohibited by law. If the reader of this massage is not the intended recipient, you are hereby notified that any dissemination, distribution or copying of this communication is strictly prohibited. If you have received this communication in error, please notify us immediately by telephone at (703) 237-0600. Thank you. OCT-25-93 MON 11:27 CRAVER MATHEWS SMITH CO FAX NO. 7032370600 P. 02 CRAVER, MATHEWS, SMITH & COMPANY, INC. 300 North Washington Street Suite 200 Falls Church, Virginia 22046 703/237-0600 MEMORANDUM TO: Ann Bartley Office of Hillary Rodham Clinton FROM: Jackie Blumenthal DATE: October 25, 1993 SUBJECT: Violence Campaign I'm sending you a copy of my original anti-violence memo as you requested. I had hoped to find the time to update it with new information and thinking -- but my real job is very demanding right now. I will, however, be writing some more on this which, of course, you're welcome to have. What I wanted to do was to recast my ideas into a format that would suit the political needs of the Administration regarding violence prevention and crime control and to describe the particular benefits of having Hillary carry this message. There are some suggestions in my memo of the kinds of community groups that could become national examples to be replicated. But I'm also attaching a list of violence prevention programs that could serve as a good starting point for building a national campaign from the bottom up. And I'm sending along the copy for a direct mail letter I just wrote that highlights how the costs of violence can be used to further aspects of prevention. This is one part of my thinking that I haven't written down elsewhere yet -- so just ignore the direct mail rhetoric. Please don't hesitate to call if I can help in any other way. I have a pretty good outline in my head of how this kind of campaign could be run and marketed in a way that not only challenges the roots of violence and gives people a sense of control over their fears but also manages to win the crime issue for the Adminstration on legitimate "new Democrat" terms -- even when there's no money to spend. Hecycled Paper OCT-25-93 MON 11:28 CRAVER MATHEWS SMITH CO FAX NO. 7032370600 P.03 CRAVER MATHEWS, SMITH & COMPANY, INC. 300 North Washington Street Suite 200 Falls Church, Virginia 22046 703/237-0600 Melanne Verveer melanne: Rahm asked me for TO: Rahm Emanuel this But I think some FROM: Jackie Blumenthal version of this rough outline DATE: September 19, 1993 would be a great vehicle SUBJECT: Campaign Against Violence for Hillary Julie I've been working to develop a campaign against violence that targets a broad range of problems -- wife battering, child abuse, guns, unsafe streets, rape -- and that's designed to involve women in efforts to solve these problems. Instead of women just focusing on "violence against women, I think there's a great potential to mobilize "women against violence." So, I'm not sure if the bits and pieces of research I've collected will suit your needs -- which, if I understand correctly, relate ultimately to passage of anti-crime legislation. But I'll give you a summary of the information that I've collected so far, and my thoughts about what you might be able to do with it. I've started by defining three remedies to the violence problem: 1. Forging Community Connections Community/neighborhood based organizations choose the problems they want solved: e.g., close a crack house, assign police to regular beats, increase lighting in public areas, get city to allow buses to make flexible stops for late-night passengers, encourage homeowners to keep porch lights on, hold self-defense training sessions. Key question: What would it take to make you feel safe? [Ellen Foley, Violence Against Women Coalition, Minneapolis, MN; Street Patrol/Pink Berets, San Francisco; National Training and Information Center, Chicago, "Hot Spot Campaign"; Couth Street Survivors, Boston; Comito Pro Paz en el Barrio, Aliso-Pico neighborhood of East L.A.] [Also, Chicago Alliance for Neighborhood Safety; National Center for Community Policing; Center for Neighborhood Technology, 2125 W. North Ave., Chicago, IL 60647] A clearinghouse could collect information about such community public safety projects so that other communities can replicate successful efforts. Ideas filter up from grassroots into the national debate. People have a chance to exert some control over their lives. Together they can face their fear and do something about it. Recycled Paper OCT-25-93 MON 11:29 CRAVER MATHEWS SMITH CO FAX NO. 7032370600 P.04 Memo to Rahm/2 2. Enacting Public Safety Laws Community groups are united citywide, statewide and nationally to support anti-violence legislation or policies. Local example: Push police to establish a "pro-arrest policy" to deal with domestic violence. This means when police are called into a domestic dispute, if violence has occurred, the batterer is automatically arrested. In Quincy, MA, no women have died from beatings in the five years since such a program was adopted (how many died before; check this). State example: Advocate increased funding for mental institutions to get potentially dangerous people off the streets; work for tough anti-stalking laws Federal example: Gun control laws; Violence Against Women Act. [I heard the President say just yesterday that it was time for the grownups to take the guns away from kids but that some people were too afraid of the gun lobby to do it. Well, the President could set a good example by standing up to the gun lobby himself to fight for tough laws that require permits for handguns and ban assault weapons -- both of which have majority support even among gun owners.] [Also, did you know that the Violence Against Women Act has 64 Senate co-sponsors and 191 in the House but it's stuck in some House committee? This legislation could be a P.R. bonanza for you if you get behind it and make sure it's adequately funded. The Act asks for about $500 million over three years but domestic violence alone costs taxpayers more than 10 times this amount in just one year. See stats attached on cost of domestic violence, cost of rape and cost of fear.] 3. Changing the culture of Violence Community-based organizations can also join together to pressure Hollywood and the TV and music industries to restrict violence in their products. [Some study exists that shows how the incidence of violent acts increases following the release of violent movies and/or the airing of violent TV shows; check this.] [Cong. Ed Markey's committee has already begun this fight by calling for a "V-chip" mechanism that allows parents to blocks violent programming from their TV -- similar to labeling of albums for offensive language.] Groups can work with schools to implement anti-violence and conflict resolution curricula. OCT-25-93 MON 11:29 CRAVER MATHEWS SMITH CO FAX NO. 7032370600 P. 05 Memo to Rahm/3 [The Center for the Prevent of Handgun Violence's STAR program; Southern Poverty Law Center's Teaching Tolerance] Celebrities and sports figures (Michael Jordan, in particular) could be recruited to discourage violent behavior. Thoughts about a White House role in stimulating a grassroots response to violence along the lines outlined above: -- When Louis Freeh was sworn in he called for "mobilizing all of America's resources to solve the root causes of the problem." More prisons aren't enough; law enforcement can't do it alone. But along with better social policies, you have to face the reality that an appalling number of Americans either fear being a victim of violence or have been victims of violent acts. [See stats] -- A good theme would be: [crime] Prevention is as important as prisons. -- By recognizing and encouraging community action against violence, the White House acknowledges the problems real people face day after day. What you might need is a White House/Justice Department working group -- or even just an anti-violence liason to communities -- charged with cataloging existing community groups that address local problems of violence and serving a clearinghouse function for sharing their experiences with other budding organizations. Part of this effort could be to encourage cooperative relationships between community leaders and law enforcement officials which could strengthen everyone's sense of security. -- You could also involve the Department of Education in supporting anti-violence curricula and other connections with anti-violence efforts in the schools. -- White House communications operations could make sure that violence fighting activities of local groups are publicized locally and are connected to the administration's anti-crime efforts by arranging some high-level White House or Justice Department acknowledgement of successful community efforts on a regular basis. -- Local activists would be available as congressional witnesses and for public events when key administration crime legislation is on the table. Work done in support of grassroots anti-violence efforts could translate into constituent lobbying for particular bills you care about. -- Basically you could build your own connections to an independent grassroots lobbying force that's baced on fighting violence at home but is available for supporting administration efforts to enact anti- crime laws in Washington. The added benefit is that such an effort brings people together, builds communities, gives people control over their lives, empowers local entities while still resonating with all that "new kind of Democrat" tough-on-crime rhetoric. OCT-25-93 MON 11:30 CRAVER MATHEWS SMITH CO FAX NO. 7032370600 P.06 Memo to Rahm/4 What follows are statistics or anecdotes I've collected that help make a case for a broad-based effort to fight against all forms of violence at the same time: -- People are so desensitized about violence that the L.A. Coroner's office is doing a land-office business selling beach towels and coffee mugs that display the chalk-outline of a murder victim. They opened their own store and instantly sold out all the beach towels. -- There are three times as many animal shelters in this country as battered women shelters. Yet more than 21,000 women are beaten up every week; 3,000 die from domestic violence every year. 30-40% of women seen in emergency rooms are treated for injuries resulting from spouse or acquaintance abuse. 25% are battered during pregnancy. The Senate Judiciary Committee reported this year that more than 1.3 million women reported being victims of domestic violence. -- Super Bowl Sunday is the most violent day of the year for women, with the highest number of domestic violence reports. -- From 1981-91, the number of reported child abuse cases increased 120%. In 33-70% (?) of wife abuse cases, child abuse is also involved. -- According to the FBI, the national rate for violent crime reached an all-time high in 1991; 24% higher than 1987. -- A woman is forcibly raped every six minutes. (NOW-LDF) -- According to The Sentencing Project, there are 1.2 million people behind bars in this country. We have the highest incarceration rate in the industrialized world. And we spend $24 billion every year for prisons and jails. Building more prisons to deal with the crime explosion is like dealing with AIDS by building more hospices. -- Howover, the Senate Judiciary Committee reported this year that 98% of rape victims will never see their attacker incarcerated. 52% of men arrested for rape will be rearrested within 3 years. -- US Burcau of Justice Statistics reports that the direct cost to victims who reported rape to authorities in 1990 was $63 million (medical care, psychological care, lost wages for time with police or in court, possible break up of family, etc.) -- The AMA estimates that domestic violence costs $5 to $10 billion in helath care expenditures, lost wages, criminal litigation and incarceration. Foster care resulting from families broken up by violence could add anadditional $5 to 10 billion a year. Some economics experts estimate that employers incur between $3-5 billion in expenses annually due to absenteeism caused by domestic violence. (UUA) -- 25.3% of women (2.9% of men) "never" walk in their neighborhoods alone after dark; 52% of women (25% of men) cross the street when they see someone who seems strange or dangerous (Riger, Gordon, The Female Fear) OCT-25-93 MON 11:31 CRAVER MATHEWS SMITH CO FAX NO. 7032370600 P.07 Memo to Rahm/5 -- 61% of women (32% of men) say they feel unsafe in their own neighborhoods (Jackson, "How to Make the World a Better Place for Women...") -- 1 in 4 kids carries a gun to school every day (CPHV); 35% of children think they will be shot to death at an early age (Joyce). -- 38% of kids agree that "the threat of violence has made me change where I go, where I stop on the street, where I go out at night, what neighborhoods I walk in, who I make friends with, and other things like that." (Harris survey for Joyce Foundation) -- 66 men, women and children are murdered every day of the year. (HCI) -- In 1992, the Journal of the American Medical Association declared that gun violence has become a public health emergency. ***** This is as far as I've gotten on my project. I hope it helps. I think the key to this whole thing is cataloging what's out there in the communities already and then seeing how you can forge the connections you need. But there are a lot of benefits beyond just getting symbolic visuals and testimony in support of your efforts. For example, if you do get the Crime Bill through (which will surprise me) you want. people to know exactly what you're doing for them and why. And, conversely, if the Crime Bill fails again, you want them to be totally pissed off because of what they're not getting in the way of crime prevention. Also, I don't know why the Administration doesn't take a more public stance in support of the Violence Against Women Act, given its broad congressional support and the fact that you need to continually serve that broad base of women who helped get you elected. For suburban women, in particular, I bet the violence issue is even more significant politically than the health care issue. Let me know if I can help in any other way. I'm very committed to the concept of a national campaign against violence. OCT-25-93 MON 11:31 CRAVER MATHEWS SMITH CO FAX NO. 7032370600 P. 08 THE STAR PROGRAM National Directory of Violence Prevention Programs Ad Hoc Croup Against Crime Center for Prevention and Control Kansas City Health Department of Interpersonal Violence City Hall, 10th Floor Wayne State Univ. School of Medicine Kansas City, MO 64106 540 E. Canfield Mark A Mitchell, Deputy Director Detroit, MI 48201 (816) 861-9100 Dr. John Waller, Director Agape (The Love of God for Humankind) Challengers Boys Club 650 Greenwich Road 5029 South Vermont Avenue Ware, MA 01082 Los Angeles, CA 90037 Brayton Shanley, Director Lou Dantzler, Director (413) 967-9369 (213) 971-6161 Alternatives to Violence Project Chicago Intervention Network 15 Rutherford Place Department of Human Services New York, NY 10003 500 Pershitgo Court (212) 477-1067 Chicago, IL 60611 (312) 744-1815 Andrew Glover Youth Program 100 Center Street Children's Creative Response to Conflict Manhattan Criminal Court, Room 1541 Box 271 New York. NY 10013 Nyack, NY 10960 (212) 349-6381 (914) 358-4601 Boston Conflict Resolution Program Coming Together Boston Area Educators for Social 11234 East Valley Boulevard Responsibility El Monte, CA 91731 11 Garden Street Mike Duran, Director Cambridge, MA 02138 (818) 575-4003 William Kreidler (617) 492-8820 Committee for Children (Youth Violence Prevention Board of Cooperative Educational Services Curricula, Grades 1-8) Programs to Aid Schools in 172-20th Avenue Preventing Bullying Seattle, WA 98122 Pinesbridge Road (206) 322-5050 Yorktown Heights, NY 10598 Nathaniel M. Floyd The Community Access Team (914) 245-2700 Hayward Police Department 300 West Winton Avenue BUILD (Broader Urban Involvement Hayward, CA 94544 and Lcadership Development) Lillian Genser, Director 1223 North Milwaukee Avenue (415) 784-7013 Chicago, IL 60622 (312) 227-2880 Community Board Center for Policy and Training Center for Peace and Conflict Studies 149 Ninth Street Wayne State University San Francisco, CA 94103 5165 Gullan Mall Gail Sadalla Detroit. MI 48201 (415) 552-1250 (313) 577-2424 193 OCT-25-93 MON 11:32 CRAVER MATHEWS SMITH CO FAX NO. 7032370600 P. 09 THE STAR PROGRAM National Directory of Violence Prevention Programs Education About Law El Teatro Jalapeno Street Law Program Fresno Community Education Cleveland-Marshall College of Law Fresno Unified School District Cleveland State University Tulare and M Streets 1801 Euclid Avenue Fresno, CA 93721 Cleveland, OH 44115 David Ricardo, Director Elisabeth T. Dreyfuss, Director (209) 441-3482 (216) 687-2344 Gang Awareness Resource Program The Consultation Center Los Angeles County Sheriff's Office Adolescent Prevention Programs 11515 South Colima Road 389 Whitney Avenue Whittier. CA 90604 New Haven. CT 06511 (213) 946-7916 Katherine Grady, Coordinator (203) 789-7645 Gang Crime Section Chicago Police Department Crisis Intervention Network. Inc. (CIN) 1121 South State Street 415 North 4th Street Chicago, IL 60605 Philadelphia, PA 19123 (312) 744-6328 (215) 592-5600 Gang Violence Reduction Project East Boston Community Health Center California Youth Authority 10 East Gove Street 4629 East Brooklyn Avenue East Boston, MA 02128 Los Angeles, CA 90022 Dr. Peter Stringham (213) 227-4114 (617) 569-5800 Gangs Network Project El Centro De La Communidad Unida 1200 A Avenue Delinquency Prevention/Gang National City. CA 92050 Intervention Program (619) 336-4400 1028 South 9th Street Milwaukee, WI 53204 The Grace Contrino Abrams Peace (414) 671-1483 Education Foundation P.O. Box 19-1153 Emerge Miami Beach, FL 33119 280 Green Street (305) 576-5075 Cambridge, MA 02138 (617) 547-9870 Harvard Negotiation Project Building Bridges: High School Conflict Eyes on the Prize Resolution Curriculum 480 Shamut Avenue 500 Pound Hall Boston, MA 02118 Cambridge, MA 02138 (617) 536-6900 Debra Kolb, Director (617) 495-1684 Facing History and Ourselves 16 Hurd Road House of Umoja (Unity) Brookline, MA 02146 1410 North Frazier Street Margo Strom, Director Philadelphia, PA 19131 Marc Skvirsky, Program Director Sister Falaka Fattah, Director (617) 232-1595 (215) 473-2723 194 OCT-25-93 MON 11:33 CRAVER MATHEWS SMITH CO FAX NO. 7032370600 P. 10 THE STAR PROGRAM National Directory of Violence Prevention Programs Humanity House National School Safety Center Alternatives to Violence: A Course in 4165 Thousand Oaks Blvd., Suite 290 Solving Conflict Peaceably Westlake Village, CA 91362 475 W. Market Street Ronald D. Stephens, Director Akron, OH 44303 (805) 373-9977 (216) 864-5442 New Center Associates International Association for the Study of Where Have All the Children Gone? Cooperation in Education A Teen Violence Prevention Program Center for Teaching and Learning 2051 W. Grand Boulevard University of North Dakota Detroit, MI 48208 Grand Forks, ND 58202 (313) 895-4000, ext. 707 Professor Mara Sapon-Shevin (701) 777-2674 "Ouch" Violence Prevention Project Wilder Foundation Kids Against Crime, Inc. 919 Lafond Avenue P.O. Box 22004 St. Paul. MN 55104 San Bernadino. CA 92406 Eugene Urbain, Director Linda Warsaw, Youth Director (612) 642-2015 (714) 882-1344 The Paramount Plan: Alternatives Miami Police Department Gang Detail to Gang Membership Community Relations Section Human Services Department 400 N.W. 2nd Avenue City of Paramount Miami, FL 33128 16400 Colorado Avenue (305) 579-6620 Paramount, CA 90723 (213) 531-3503 Middle Atlantic/Great Lakes Organized Crime Law Enforcement Network Parent Management Training (MAGLOCLEN) Oregon Research Institute 850 Bear Tavern Road, Suite 206 Eugene, OR 97401 West Trenton, NJ 08628 Gerald R. Patterson (800) 345-1322 (503) 485-2711 Minnesota Coalition for Battered Women Peer Negotiation Project Physicians Plaza Building Judge Baker Guidance Center 570 Asbury, Suite 201 295 Longwood Avenue St. Paul, MN 55104 Boston. MA 02115 (612) 646-6177 Robert Selman (617) 735-7724 National Association for Mediation in Education Philadelphia Crisis Intervention Network (PCIN) 425 Amity Street 415 N. 4th Street Amherst. MA 01002 Philadelphia, PA 19123 Ann Gibson, Director (215) 592-5631 (413) 545-2462 Philadelphia Injury Prevention National Crime Prevention Council Program 1700 K Street, N.W., 2nd Floor Department of Public Health Washington. DC 20006 500 South Broad Street S. Jonann Wild, Youth Director Philadelphia, PA 19146 (202) 466-6272 (215) 875-5637 195 OCT-25-93 MON 11:33 CRAVER MATHEWS SMITH CO FAX NO. 7032370600 P. 11 THE STAR PROGRAM National Directory of Violence Prevention Programs Pittsburgh Peace Institute Senior Tutors for Youth in Detention 139 Wrightman Street 1301 Solano Avenue Pittsburgh, PA 15217 Albany, CA 94706 Liane Norman (415) 753-7800 (412) 361-5900 Society for the Prevention of Violence The Prevention Center 3109 Mayfield Road, Room 207 29 Commonwealth Avenue, 8th Floor Cleveland, OH 44118 Boston, MA 02116 Ruth Weltmann Begun, Director Ralph Fuccillo, Director (216) 371-5545 (617) 267-8553 South Shore Women's Center Prevention Project Violence Is a Choice Curriculum University of Washington 14 Main Street School of Social Work Plymouth, MA 02360 Seattle, WA 98101 Susan H. Edwards, Youth Outreach Coord. J. David Hawkins (617) 746-2004 (206) 543-5640 Southern California Council on Battered Relationships Without Violence Women Texas Gulf Coast Chapter Skills for Violence-Free Relationships: March of Dimes Birth Defects Foundation A Curriculum for Ages 13-18 6910 Fannin, Suite 223-C P.O. Box 5036 Houston, TX 77030 Santa Monica, CA 90405 (713) 796-1463 George Thomas, Director (213) 937-1344 Resource Center for the Prevention of Family Violence Stop Black-on-Black Violence Massachusetts Dept. of Public Health Community Mental Health Council 150 Tremont Street 8704 S. Constance Avenue Boston, MA 02111 Chicago, IL 60617 (617) 727-0941 Carl Bell, M.D., Director (312) 734-4033 Say Yes. Incorporated 3840 Crenshaw Boulevard. Suite 217 Student Anti-Violence Education Program (SAVE) Los Angeles, CA 90008 Families of Murder Victims, Inc. (213) 295-5551 1421 Arch Street, 7th Floor Philadelphia, PA 19107 Sharing & Caring About Myself & Others Julie Good, Program Director (SCAMO) c/o (215) 686-8033 / (215) 686-8078 102nd Street Elementary School 1963 East 103rd Street Teens on Target Los Angeles, CA 90002 Trauma Foundation Jesse Coleman, School Counselor San Francisco General Hospital (213) 569-8141 Building One, Room 400 San Francisco, CA 94110 School Mediation Associates Deane Calhoun, Director 702 Green Street, #8 (415) 821-8209 Cambridge, MA 02139 Richard Cohen, Director (617) 876-6074 196 OCT-25-93 MON 11:34 CRAVER MATHEWS SMITH CO FAX NO. 7032370600 P. 12 THE STAR PROGRAM National Directory of Violence Prevention Programs Teen Troubleshooters Wholistic Stress Control Institute Washington Heights-Inwood Coalition, Inc. P.O. Box 42481 652 West 187th Street Atlanta, GA 30311 New York, NY 10033 Pennie C. Trotter, Director (212) 781-6722 (404) 344-2021 TIES Youth Development, Inc. Dorchester Youth Collaborative 1710 Centro Familiar, S.W. 1514A Dorchester Avenue Albuquerque. NM 87105 Dorchester, MA 02122 (505) 841-2400 Emmett Fogert (617) 288-1748 Turning Point Family Services Program 12912 Brookhurst Avenue, Suite 150 Garden Grove, CA 92640 Anthony Borbon (714) 636-3823 U.S. Department of Justice Community Relation Service 5550 Friendship Boulevard Chevy Chase, MD 20815 (301) 492-5929 University of Illinois Intervention Project Department of Psychology P.O. Box 4348 Chicago. IL 60680 Rowell Huesmann, Leonard Eron, & Nancy Guerra (312) 413-2625 Vietnamese Comm. of Orange County, Inc. 3701 West McFadden Avenue, Suite M Santa Ana, CA 92704 (714) 775-2637 Violence Prevention Program Contra Costa County Health Dept. 75 Santa Barbara Road Pleasant Hill, CA 94523 Larry Cohen, Director (415) 646-6511 Violence Prevention Project Health Promotion Program for Urban Youth 1010 Massachusetts Avenue Boston, MA 02118 Linda Bishop Hudson. Director (617) 424-5196 Carnegic Council on Adolescent Development and Education Development Center contributed to this listing. 197 OCT-25-93 MON 11:34 CRAVER MATHEWS SMITH CO FAX NO. 7032370600 P. 13 HANDGUN CONTROL, INC. OCTOBER RENEWAL {G:\HCI\REN\HCIOCTRE.JBJ:pg1) (CAM:93.09.23:JB/JJ) 10.08 "The outrageous costs of violence in this country stem in large measure from the fact that this is the only country in the world where teenagers can roam the streets at random, with semiautomatic weapons and be better armed than the police." -- President Bill Clinton Speech to the Nation on Health Reform September 22, 1993 Dear HCI Member: We couldn't have said it better! In fact, President Clinton's passion on this issue -- evident to all who watched him on TV -- is matched only by ours. And we strongly support his challenge to all of us: to take responsibility for ending the behavior that drives up the costs of health care for everyone. As a loyal member of Handgun Control, you've already accepted that challenge. With your generous support, you have been instrumental in helping us try to end the epidemic of gun violence which plagues our nation. And right now it is time for you to renew that critically important support for another year. Bo I urqe you to please use the enclosed form to renew your membership and return it to me as soon as you can with your most generous renewal gift. We need your continued support to greatly intensify our campaign for strong, national gun laws. Although we are closer than ever before to finally enacting the Brady Bill, we still need your help so that we can convince Congress to ban assault weapons legislate against gun trafficking ... and outlaw possession of handguns by children. You see, beyond the incalculable costs in pain, in suffering, in ruined lives and senseless death, there's no question that gun violence also exacts another toll by costing Americans billions of dollars in health care. In fact, researchers at the University of California at San Francisco added up $20.4 billion of costs for all firearm deaths and injuries in 1990. And according to the National Center for Injury Prevention and Control, you and I and all taxpayers end up paying more than 80% of these costs. And this already appalling cost to our society, in human lives and in dollars, is multiplied by another factor -- the fear of random shootings that each one of us must confront every day. That's why your renewed support is so vitally OCT-25-93 MON 11:35 CRAVER MATHEWS SMITH CO FAX NO. 7032370600 P. 14 - 2 - important. There's so much for us to do in the coming months. We must be able to keep up the momentum we've built to move beyond the Brady Bill and to enact other gun laws. And we must be able to jump -- at a moment's notice -- on any argument or action that can sway votes in Congress. For example, I can't understand why 102 people dead every day from gunfire isn't enough to persuade Congress to act. But if "money talks" is a lever that will pry badly needed gun laws out of Congress, then we need to use it. Take our fight to enact the Brady Bill, for example. We presented the common-sense argument: why not give the police five working days to check the backgrounds of handgun purchasers to weed out criminals and the mentally unstable? Also, why not give people who are buying a gun in the heat of anger or desperation some time to cool off? But there are other facts -- dollars and cents arguments -- which also argue for the Brady Bill. Every time a criminal buys a handgun, the potential cost to society when that gun is used to shoot someone is hundreds of thousands of dollars per person shot. Plus the cost of police work to catch the criminal ... the cost of trial ... and the skyrocketing cost of keeping the criminal behind bars. The Miami Herald wrote a story recently that chronicled events and totaled expenses after a shooting incident when a 16- year-old with a .357-magnum handgun shot a 17-year-old in the face. It's a stunning narrative of the costs of gun violence. The direct costs to the victim -- emergency care just to keep him alive, nine months of hospitalization, physical therapy, training in wheelchair skills, the cost of the wheelchair, building ramps at home, and on and on -- added up to $549,604.46. Remember that you and I are stuck with about 80% of that bill when hospitals and doctors raise prices to cover uncompensated costs. The costs of apprehending and prosecuting the shooter totaled $111,930.37. But consider this: the perpetrator is scheduled to remain in prison until 2027 -- for an additional cost to the taxpayers of $839,4521 Then, when the victim's parents are no longer able to care for their son, he will need help from the state to live, either at home (estimated at $100,000 a year) or in an institution (cctimated at $40,000 a year). And if you factor in the victim's potential lost wages, as the Herald did at $30,000 a year for 40 years, that adds another $1.2 million to the cost of just one shooting incident. So, that's $661,534.83 in direct expenses and upwards of $2 million in lifetime costs for one bullet from a handoun in the wrong hands! But who can put a price tag on a precious young life totally ruined just because a 16-year old was able to obtain a gun? And, of course, no one can deny that the OCT-25-93 MON 11:35 CRAVER MATHEWS SMITH CO FAX NO. 7032370600 P. 15 - 3 - ramifications of gun violence go far beyond the mounting deaths and our growing fears. The toll in suffering, lives lost and billions of dollars in health care costs all add up to the urgent need for strong gun laws. And to the importance of your renewed commitment to Handqun Control. Together we must continue to harness the public outrage over the lack of gun laws in this country -- growing faster than ever thanks in part to President Clinton's continued exhortations about gun violence and use that outrage to strengthen our demands for enacting lifesaving laws. With your ongoing help, we will be in position to move forward beyond the Brady Bill -- to the rest of our national gun policy: ** A ban on the manufacture and sale of assault weapons and combat hardware like large-capacity ammunition clips. The Journal of the American Medical Association reported a shocking fact about assault weapon violence: The multiple wounds inflicted by assault weapons are so destructive -- and the incidence of these shootings is increasing so rapidly -- that military trauma physicians now receive their combat wound training in urban hospitals. Today's emergency rooms are beginning to resemble M.A.S.H. units during wartime! And, of course, now that we have some idea of how much it costs to treat a gunshot victim who was hit with only one bullet, you can imagine how much those expenses increase for victims of assault weapon fire. The Journal of the AMA estimates that initial, intensive care treatment alone for a single victim could total $150,000 -- just for the first few days of hospitalization! Worse still, in Los Angeles, at least 20% of those seen in emergency departments for treatment of assault weapon injuries were innocent bystanders caught in the crossfire. Such an outragcous cost to society in lives, in terror and heartbreak, and in cold cash -- from the proliferation of weapons that have absolutely no place on the streets of America! These weapons for mass mayhem must be banned. And with your renewed commitment we will have them outlawed! ** A national law that prohibits individuals from purchasing more than one handgun a month. We helped Virginia enact a law like this in response to the fact that the major portion of guns confiscated from crimes in New York city were originally purchased in Virginia. Gun trafficking is a menace that must be controlled. While the Brady Bill can help prevent over-the-counter gun sales to criminals -- a recent study reports that nearly one-third of those convicted OCT-25-93 MON 11:36 CRAVER MATHEWS SMITH CO FAX NO. 7032370600 P. 16 - 4 - of gun-related felonies bought their guns from a retail store -- we must also stop illegal gun sales. Gun sales in back alleys or from car trunks can definitely be reduced by making it very, very difficult, if not impossible, for anyone to buy dozens of guns at one time. ** Outlawing possession of handguns by children. Another rapidly increasing concern is the problem of kids and guns. Under federal law, children can't buy guns -- but the law doesn't prevent them from possessing them or from carrying them openly in public! Only 13 states and the District of Columbia directly prohibit all minors under 21 from openly carrying handguns. As the headlines about guns in schools become more frequent and the ages of gun-carriers get younger and younger -- it's clear that gun-toting kids are a serious threat to all of us. We hope to bring all these legislative battles -- and others -- into Congress in the coming months. We simply cannot let Congress think that the only courageous action we expect from them is to pass the Brady Bill. America must have a comprehensive policy toward guns -- a waiting period to keep guns out of the wrong hands, a ban on assault weapons to protect us all, and laws to stop gun trafficking and much, much more. only then will public safety be ensured. Only then will we be able to save the billions of dollars that gun violence costs our society. And only then will you and I and our families be free to live without the pervasive fear of gun violence that today restricts almost our every move. As a member of Handgun Control you give us added clout with Members of Congress and help us pay for the tremendous costs of waging these legislative campaigns for gun laws. Jim and I are very grateful for this support. And we both urge you to stay in this fight with us. Together, we can take action against America's gun violence epidemic and all of its costs to society. Please renew, today! Thank you. Sincerely, Sarah Brady Chair Drunh Violence John Ferguson America's Truck Drivin' Storyteller November 26, 1993 Ann Bartley Office of the First Lady 1600 Pennsylvania NW Washington DC 20500 Dear Ms. Bartley, This is in reference to the letter John sent on November 7, 1993 concerning the Highway Safety Awareness Tour. Enclosed is an article concerning the tour in our local newspaper. We still would like to hear from The White House in support of this program. You may reach me at 502-369-7350 and I can relay the message to John when he calls in from the tour. Sincerely, Carol Ferguson P.O. Box 171, Sonora, Kentucky 42776 Driving home a sobering message At left, Sonora Elementary students were studying a transportation unit in their classes when Sonora trucker and storyteller John Ferguson, 51, above, dropped by for a visit. The trucker left Elizabethtown Tuesday on a journey that will take him across the nation to warn students against drinking and driving. He will participate in the second Highway Safety Awareness Tour, sponsored by Mothers Against Drunk Driving N-E/Jayme Burden and the Interstate Truckload Above, students from Sonora Elementary School explore the semitruck of driver John Ferguson Tuesday. Carriers Conference. PHOTOCOPY Trucker takes MADD message about drunken driving across U.S. By BOB VILLANUEVA "This worked out real well for school students about drinking States, the truck For his latest tour, Ferguson Staff Writer them," Ferguson said of his visit and driving. Ferguson will driver/storyteller is not new to frequently will be joined by state as the students were studying a provide the students information visiting schools. During his and corporate officials to get the A Sonora trucker left unit on transportation. about trucks and truck driving. travels, Ferguson often stops by sober message out. He has even Ferguson will be taking on a The general message will be schools to introduce students to invited first lady Hillary Clinton Elizabethtown Tuesday to begin a journey that will take him across more serious role beginning "Drunk Driving Destroys Dreams the world of trucking. to participate in part of the trek, the United States to warn Monday when he will participate - Drive Smart, Drive Sober." Ferguson has also "adopted" but SO far he has not received a students against the perils of in the second Highway Safety "As long as you don't preach to two schools, one in San Antonio, reply. drinking and driving. Awareness Tour, sponsored by them - if you tell them your Texas, and one in Louisville, and With his departure Tuesday, But first John Ferguson, 51, Mothers Against Drunk Driving personal experiences and stories he frequently corresponds with the Sonora trucker is taking a stopped at Sonora Elementary and the Interstate Truckload - they'll listen," Ferguson said. them. In fact, a student from the tour that will end Dec. 10 in School and did what he often Carriers Conference. Though this is his first Texas elementary sent Ferguson Washington, D.C., causing him does: he showed students what a The tour will include guest experience taking such a message her small blue teddy bear, clad in for the first time ever to miss semitruck looks like up close. speakers who will address high 3,200 miles across the United dress and beads, for luck. Thanksgiving at home. MADD TM Mothers Against Drunk Driving 2nd Annual MADD and ITCC Highway Safety Awareness Tour INTERSTATE TRUCKLOAD CARRIERS CONFERENCE ITCC ATA DELIVERING AMERICA'S FREIGHT Tour Runs From November 29 - December 10, 1993 NEEDIT MEDIA STOPS Date Location Press Conference Monday, November 29 San Diego, CA 10:00 a.m. Tuesday, November 30 Las Vegas, NV 10:00 a.m. Wednesday, December 1 Phoenix, AZ 10:00 a.m. Thursday, December 2 El Paso, TX 10:00 a.m. Friday, December 3 Amarillo, TX 10:00 a.m. Monday, December 6 * Oklahoma City, OK 10:00 a.m. Tuesday, December 7 Little Rock, AR 10:00 a.m. Wednesday, December 8 Nashville, TN 10:00 a.m. Thursday, December 9 Raleigh, NC 10:00 a.m. Friday, December 10 Richmond, VA 9:30 a.m. Friday, December 10 Washington, DC 1:30 p.m. John Ferguson Biography Information John Ferguson, president, Unique Way, Inc., Sonora, KY, will be driving the entire 3,200-mile truck route for the Second Annual MADD/ITCC Highway Safety Awareness Tour. He will be driving a customized Volvo-GM tractor that will be pulling a Great Dane trailer with the anti-drunk driving message: "Drunk Driving Destroys Dreams--Drive Smart, Drive Sober." Ferguson is an owner-operator and storyteller of trucking tales and adventures. A professional truck driver since 1974, he balances his over-the-road business with performances before school children, community groups and other truck drivers. Ferguson has placed in the top 20 winners of the Interstate Truckload Carriers Conference Independent Contractor of the Year Contest for five consecutive years. In addition, he has recorded his tales on cassette tapes that are sold at truckstops nationwide. He is also a frequent guest on truckers' radio programs and has written columns for Trucker News, Land Line and Tale Trader, a storytellers' newsletter. He recently visited the White House and spoke with Hillary Clinton about health care legislation for truck drivers. INTERSTATE TRUCKLOAD CARRIERS CONFERENCE MADD MADD and ITCC Highway Safety Awareness Tour ITCC DELIVERING AMERICA'S FREIGHT Mothers Against Drunk Driving A Joint Public Awareness and Safety Program by Interstate Truckload Carriers Conference and MADD ITCC/MADD "Red Ribbon Roll Call" This is a list of the Interstate Truckload Carriers Conference (ITCC) member companies who have requested red ribbons so they can "tie one on" this holiday season. As of October 15, 1993, there are 200 member companies listed who have requested a total of 121,900 red ribbons. Alabama Lane Trucking, Inc., Dothan, AL Malone Freightline, Birmingham, AL Poole Truck Line, Inc., Evergreen, AL R & D Trucking Co., Inc., Florence, AL Whatley Contract Carriers, Hope Hill, AL Arizona Swift Transportation, Inc., Phoenix, AZ Arkansas J.B. Hunt Transport, Inc., Lowell, AR Daymark Foods, Inc., Russellville, AR Pinnacle Transportation Service, Inc., N. Little Rock, AR Pride of the Country Carriers, Inc., Conway, AR California Freymiller Trucking, Inc., Bakersfield, CA Holland Hitch Co., Mountain View, CA Colorado Monfort Transportation Company, Greeley, CO Trans-Western Express, Ltd., Denver, CO Connecticut Landstar System, Inc., Shelton, CT 2200 MILL ROAD ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314 (703) 838-1950 FAX: (703) 836-6610 recycled paper Florida AG Carriers, Inc., Tavares, FL Economy Transport Inc., Tampa, FL Ranger Transportation, Inc., Jacksonville, FL Silver Eagle Transport, Inc., Jacksonville, FL Transport Insurance Specialists, Inc., Melbourne, FL Georgia Dorsey Trailers, Inc., Atlanta, GA Kennesaw Transportation, Inc., Woodstock, GA Idaho Austin's Express, Inc., Twin Falls, ID Illinois Dan Lodesky Trucking, Inc., Gurnee, IL Farm Service & Supplies, Marengo, IL Gully Transportation, Inc., Quincy, IL Munson Transportation, Monmouth, IL Pals Cartage Co., South Holland, IL PFT/Roberson, Farm City, IL Indiana Burlington Motor Carriers, Daleville, IN Denny Transport, Inc., Jeffersonville, IN Hiner Transport, Inc., Huntington, IN Hi-Way Dispatch, Inc., Marion, IN KAT, Inc., Chesterton, IN Laker Express, Inc., Indianapolis, IN Overland Transportation System, Inc., Indianapolis, IN Sunrise Express, Inc., Fort Wayne, IN Iowa Barr-Nunn Transportation, Granger, IA CRST, Inc., Cedar Rapids, IA Crouse Cartage Company, Carroll, IA Decker Truck Line, Inc., Fort Dodge, IA Heartland Express, Inc., Coralville, IA Mike Brooks, Inc., Knoxville, IA R & A Trucking Enterprises, Waterloo, IA (Iowa cont.) Smithway Motor Xpress, Inc., Fort Dodge, IA Tri-State Transportation, Dubuque, IA Umthun Trucking Co., Eagle Grove, IA Warren Transport, Inc., Waterloo, IA Kansas Roberts and Oake, Inc., Overland Park, KS Tollie Freightways, Inc., Kansas City, KS Kentucky LF C Transportation Co., Inc., Louisville, KY Mercer Transportation Co., Louisville, KY Unique Way, Inc., Sonora, KY Louisiana Merchants Dutch Express, Inc., Monroe, LA Maryland D. M. Bowman, Inc., Williamsport, MD Expedited Services, Inc., Hagerstown, MD Glacier Refrigerated Express, Federalsburg, MD MG Refining & Marketing, Bel Air, MD R. W. Bozel Transfer, Inc., Baltimore, MD Massachusetts Refrigerated Food Express, Avon, MA Michigan Eaton Corp., Kalamazoo, MI ETV Trucking Inc., Grand Rapids, MI Gra-Bell Truck Line, Inc., Holland, MI Van Eerden Trucking Co., Inc., Wyoming, MI Minnesota B.J. Transport, Inc., Eagan, MN Bud Meyer Truck Lines, Inc., Lake City, MN Dart Transit Co., St. Paul, MN (Minnesota cont.) Fortune Transportation Company, Windom, MN J & R Schugel Trucking, Inc., New Ulm, MN Minn-Dak Transport, Inc., Pelican Rapids, MN Schanno Transportation, Inc., St. Paul, MN Wilson Refrigerated Express, Rochester, MN Mississippi KLLM, Inc., Jackson, MS Missouri American Central Transport, Inc., Liberty, MO Champion Distribution Services, Poplar Bluff, MO Contract Freighters, Inc., Joplin, MO Crowder College Truck Dr. Trng. Safety, Neosho, MO D & D Sexton, Inc., Carthage, MO ITT Capital Finance, St. Louis, MO Kissick Truck Lines, Inc., Kansas City, MO M & I Truck Line, Inc., Kansas City, MO Prime, Inc., Springfield, MO RPM Freightways, Inc., Kansas, MO Transport Distribution Company, Joplin, MO Witte Bros. Exchange, Inc., Troy, MO Nebraska Cornhusker Motor Lines, Inc., Omaha, NE Nationwide Transportation, Inc., Omaha, NE Romans Motor Freight, Inc., Yutan, NE Seward Motor Freight, Inc., Seward, NE Speedway Transportation, Inc., Holdrege, NE Werner Enterprises, Inc., Omaha, NE Nevada Carey Transport, Fallon, NV New Jersey JLT Corp., Whitehouse Station, NJ Meric Trucking & Leasing Corp., Cliffside Park, NJ (New Jersey cont.) Mural Transport, Inc., Kendall Park, NJ National Freight, Inc., Vineland, NJ STS Transportation, Inc., Somerville, NJ New Mexico Roadrunner Trucking, Inc., Albuquerque, NM Westway Express, Albuquerque, NM New York Celadon Trucking, New York, NY Covered Wagon Train, Inc., Hornell, NY DeMarco Trucking, Ripley, NY K. J. Transportation, Inc., Farmington, NY Price Trucking Corp., Buffalo, NY North Carolina Cardinal Freight Carriers, Concord, NC C.S. Henry Transfer, Inc., Rocky Mount, NC Epes Transport System, Inc., Greensboro, NC Green Arrow Motor Express, Rocky Mount, NC QST Express, Inc., Kings Mountain, NC North Dakota Can-Am Express, Inc., Fargo, ND Ohio Arctic Express, Inc., Hilliard, OH Craig Transportation Co., Perrysburg, OH Dutch Maid Produce, Willard, OH Five Star Trucking, Willoughby, OH Freightway Corporation, Toledo, OH Garner Trucking, Inc., Findlay, OH Gordon Johnson Trucking Co., Fredericktown, OH Jet Express, Dayton, OH K&P Trucking Co., Willard, OH P.D. Express, Inc., Plain City, OH Peak Transportation, Inc., Perrysburg, OH (Ohio cont.) Shenandoah Motor Express, Inc., Versailles, OH United Carriers Corporation, Newark, OH Victory Express, Medway, OH Walker Trucking Co., Columbus, OH Oklahoma Commercial Insurance Services, Oklahoma City, OK Glass Trucking Company, Inc., Newkirk, OK Innovative Computing Corp., Oklahoma City, OK John Christner Trucking, Inc., Sapulpa, OK Melton Truck Lines, Inc., Tulsa, OK Oregon Market Transport, Ltd, Portland, OR May Trucking Co., Salem, OR Pear Tree, Medford, OR Vail Northwest, Inc., Eugene, OR Pennsylvania Butler Trucking Co., Woodland, PA Goodway Transport, Inc., York, PA H. F. Campbell & Son, Inc., Millerstown, PA Lebarnold, Inc., Camp Hill, PA Mill Trucking Co. Inc., Philadelphia, PA Raider Truck Lines, Inc., Vandergrift, PA Shaffer Trucking, Inc., New Kingstown, PA Venezia Hauling, Inc., Limerick, PA West Contract Services, Boyertown, PA Rhode Island C-Line, Inc., Warwick, RI South Carolina G&P Trucking, Gaston, SC South Dakota Midwest Coast Transport, Sioux Falls, SD Tennessee 417 Travel Center, Dandridge, TN Cumberland Freight Line, Inc., Smyrna, TN Digby Truck Line, LaVergne, TN M. S. Carriers, Inc., Memphis, TN Newman & Pemberton Corp., Knoxville, TN Pemberton Truck Lines, Inc., Knoxville, TN Proline Carriers, Inc., Nashville, TN System 81 Express, Inc., Knoxville, TN Tennessee Truck Lines, Inc., Dandridge, TN Trans Carriers, Inc., Memphis, TN Texas Alan Ritchey, Inc., Valley View, TX Baldwin Distribution Services, Ltd., Amarillo, TX FFE Transportation Services, Inc., Dallas, TX Merit Distribution Services, Inc., Temple, TX Morgan Portable Building Transport Corp., Dallas, TX Northeast Trucking, Inc., Edinburg, TX Parkway Distributors, Inc., San Antonio, TX Peterbilt Motors Company, Denton, TX Refrigerated Transport of Texas, Inc., Dallas, TX S-Line, Inc., Dallas, TX Utah Andrus Transportation Services, Inc., St. George, UT C. H. Dredge & Co., Inc., Layton, UT C.R. England & Sons, Inc., Salt Lake City, UT Dick Simon Trucking, Inc., Salt Lake City, UT Pride Transport, Salt Lake City, UT Vermont Michael Zaluzny, Vernon, VT Virginia Harris Trucking Co., Inc., Lynchburg, VA Howell's Motor Freight, Inc., Roanoke, VA Intertrans Carrier Co., Louisa, VA North & South Van Lines, Inc., Harrisonburg, VA (Virginia cont.) Shorewood Transport Inc., Roanoke, VA Warrior Xpress, Charles City, VA William Edwards, Inc., Verona, VA Washington Inco Express, Inc., Seattle, WA Puget Sound Truck Lines, Seattle, WA West Virginia Burns Motor Freight, Marlinton, WV General Delivery, Inc., Fairmont, WV Virginian Power Transport Co., Poca, WV Wisconsin Barry Trucking, Inc., Milwaukee, WI Diamond Transportation System, Inc., Racine, WI Fox Mid-West Transports, Green Bay, WI Hanke Trucking, Slinger, WI Jefferson Transport Service, Jefferson, WI Kreilkamp Trucking, Inc., Allenton, WI Laser Services, Ltd., Appleton, WI Millis Transfer, Inc., Black River Falls, WI Pryor Trucking, Inc., Silver Lake, WI Raemarc, Inc., Racine, WI Roehl Transport Inc., Marshfield, WI Schneider National, Inc., Green Bay, WI Tran Star Services, Inc., Waupoca, WI Canada Arnold Brothers Transport, Winnipeg, MB Choice Reefer System, Ltd., Stirling, ON J & F Trucking Corporation, Ajax, ON kstateby mad EMPLOYMENT & WAGES: INTERSTATE TRUCKLOAD CARRIERS CONFERENCE What 7.8 million employed. 2.7 million truck drivers employed. $226.8 billion paid in annual wages. REVENUE: You $278 billion gross freight revenues representing 77% of nation's freight bill. $44 billion dollars gross freight revenues for the truckload industry. Should TAXES: $19.6 billion paid in federal and state highway-user taxes representing 37% of total highway-user taxes paid by all motor vehicles. Know NUMBER OF TRUCKS: 14.7 million commercial trucks registered. 8% of all vehicles registered. 13.1 million single-unit trucks. About the 1.6 million combination units. 3.6 million commercial trailers registered. NUMBER OF COMPANIES: 54% operate six or fewer trucks. Trucking 47,890 motor carriers authorized by the Interstate Commerce Commission to haul goods for-hire interstate. Some 45,000 are truckload carriers. TRUCKING ACCOMPLISHMENTS: Industry: Productivity index for intercity trucking up 41.2%. Medium and heavy truck miles driven up 38%. Fatal accident rate for medium and heavy trucks down 34%. Number of fatal accidents involving medium and heavy trucks down 10%. Total fatalities involving medium and heavy trucks down 11%. Sources: American Trucking Associations, Inc U.S. Department of Transportation (All figures reflect 1991 data unless otherwise noted) Published by the Interstate Truckload Carriers Conference recycled paper Interstate Truckload Carriers Conference WHO WE ARE! MEMBERSHIP The Interstate Truckload Carriers Conference (ITCC) ITCC currently has over 800 members and our is the only national trade association representing membership is growing. Our members consist of the common and contract truckload segment of the Carriers, those who possess state or federal motor carrier industry. The Conference represents authority to operate as a common or contract approximately 600 dry van, carrier; Suppliers, those who refrigerated, flatbed, and dump- manufacture, produce or trailer truckload carriers distribute trucking industry domiciled in the 48 contiguous products; and Associates, those states and serving those states who are shippers, brokers or Alaska, Mexico, and the FACT lawyers closely involved with Canadian provinces. The services to member carriers. Conference's members operate more than 140,000 tractors and 280,000 trailers, and have combined annual revenues exceeding $14 billion. SHEET ACTIVITIES The ITCC has many outstanding The Conference is affiliated with programs and services. Through the American Trucking our active Safety Council, we Associations, Inc. keep ITCC carrier members on the cutting edge of safety trends and issues. We also host several educational seminars on topics HISTORY ranging from quality to truck-driver training. In Interstate Truckload Carriers Conference (ITCC) was addition, we sponsor a college scholarship fund, created in 1983 by the merger of the Common and an annual fundraising effort that grants wishes Carrier Conference-Irregular Route (founded 1941) to critically-ill children. and the Contract Carrier Conference (founded 1938). MISSION INTERSTATE TRUCKLOAD CARRIERS CONFERENCE The purpose of the Conference is to provide leadership that will increase members' productivity, ITCC profitability and ability to provide superior service; to advocate on behalf of its members and to DELIVERING AMERICA FREIGHT enhance the truckload industry's ability to provide safe, high quality, reliable interstate truckload transportation services to the shipping public. FOR MORE FACTS CALL 703-838-1950 ITCC 2200 Mill Road Alexandria, VA 22314 Mothers Against Drunk Driving 511 E. John Carpenter Frwy.. Suite 700 Irving, Texas 75062-8187 Telephone (214) 744-MADD FAX (214) 869-2206/2207 NATIONAL OFFICE DRUNK DRIVING IN AMERICA CRASH vs. ACCIDENT - Those injured and killed in drunk driving collisions are not "accident" victims. The crash caused by an impaired driver is a violent crime. Drunk driving involves two choices: to drink AND to drive. The thousands of deaths and injuries caused each year by impaired driving can be prevented ... they are not "accidental." Statistics for 1992 * An estimated 17,699 persons died in alcohol-related traffic crashes. These deaths constituted 45.1% of the 39,235 total traffic fatalities. Approximately 1.2 million people suffered injuries in crashes where police or medical personnel reported alcohol was present. More than 43% of all 16 - 20 year old deaths result from motor vehicle crashes. In 1992, an estimated 2,314 persons aged 16 - 20 died in alcohol-related crashes. Based on the current status of drunk driving in the U.S., two in five Americans will be involved in an alcohol-related crash at some time in their lives. Direct costs of alcohol-related traffic crashes are estimated to be $46 billion yearly (NHTSA). An additional $102 billion is lost in quality of life due to these crashes (Miller & Blincoe, 1993). More than half of the persons jailed for DWI in 1989 had previous 1992) DWI convictions. (Bureau of Justice Statistics, The probability of a crash begins to increase significantly at .05 BAC and climbs rapidly after about .08 BAC. (Insurance Institute for Highway Safety, 1992) More than half of the nation's junior and senior high school students drink alcoholic beverages, and many "binge" drink 1991) to relieve stress and boredom. (U.S. Surgeon General, Source: National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, unless otherwise noted. MADD Mothers Against Drunk Driving "TIE ONE ON FOR SAFETY" Tie this red ribbon to a visible location on your vehicle as a reminder to drive sober this holiday season and throughout the year. JULY What You Should Know About "Safety is Our Driving Concern" Truck Safety For more information on safety contact: INTERSTATE TRUCKLOAD CARRIERS CONFERENCE DELIVERING AMERICA FREIGHT Interstate Truckload Carriers Conference 2200 Mill Road, Alexandria, VA 22314 703-838-1950 Fax: 703-836-6610 INTERSTATE TRUCKLOAD CARRIERS CONFERENCE DELIVERING AMERICA'S FREIGHT The Interstate Truckload Carriers Conference D id you know that the trucking industry has made great progress during the past decade in improving safety. According to the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA), the number of fatal accidents involving trucks declined by 11 percent nationwide between 1980 and 1990-an outstanding improvement when you consider that the number of vehicle miles travelled increased by 36 percent to 283 billion miles logged by commercial trucks. The U.S. Department of Transportation also reports a ten-year low in 1991 for highway deaths involving tractor-trailers. Of course, any death on the highway is a tragedy and the trucking industry is committed to improving highway safety each and every year. B ut what specifically has the trucking industry done to improve safety? First, it supported an aggressive program of truck inspections designed to ensure and improve safe operations of motor carriers. This program is supported by state and federal government and has resulted in a 21 percent increase in the number of safety inspections performed between 1989 and 1991. Second, the industry strongly favored mandatory random drug testing and the development of a nationwide Commercial Driver's License. And the industry continues to do more. The Interstate Truckload Carriers Conference (ITCC) supports a very active Safety Council open to all motor carrier member safety personnel. The Safety Council sponsors an Annual Fleet Safety Contest, established to recognize the best safety program in the truckload industry. The Council's Annual Meeting offers participants a great opportunity to make highways safer, exchange information and attend an exhibition showcasing products and services of value to truckload motor carrier safety personnel. MADD and ITCC Highway Safety Awareness Tour I Second Annual MADD and ITCC Highway Safety Awareness Tour - Friday, December 10 1:30 p.m. in NV a 3,200 mile journey to 11 major cities. Washington, DC 11 2 DC Friday, December 10 CA Tuesday, November 30 6 VA 10 9:30 a.m. in 10:00 a.m. in Monday, December 6 8 Wednesday, December 8 Richmond, VA Las Vegas, NV 10:00 a.m. in 10:00 a.m. in Oklahoma City, OK Nashville, TN 9 NC OK Thursday, December 9 AZ AR TN 10:00 a.m. in Raleigh, NC NM 1 7 Monday, November 29 5 Friday, December 3 Tuesday, December 7 10:00 a.m. in 10:00 a.m. in 10:00 a.m. in San Diego, CA Amarillo, TX Little Rock, AR 3 Wednesday, December 1 TX 10:00 a.m. in 4 Phoenix, AZ Thursday, December 2 10:00 a.m. in El Paso, TX INTERSTATE TRUCKLOAD CARRIERS CONFERENCE MADD ITCC DELIVERING AMERICA FREIGHT Mothers Against Drunk Driving recycled paper INTERSTATE TRUCKLOAD CARRIERS CONFERENCE NEWS FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE October 20, 1993 Contact: Bill Weger (703) 838-1950 Second Annual MADD/ITCC Highway Safety Awareness Tour To Kickoff in San Diego ALEXANDRIA, VA--Mothers Against Drunk Driving (MADD) and the Interstate Truckload Carriers Conference (ITCC) are teaming up again this year for the Second Annual MADD/ITCC Highway Safety Awareness Tour, a nationwide truck tour to educate motorists about safe and sober driving. This year's 3,200-mile tour will kick off November 29 at Jack Murphy Stadium in San Diego, CA, and end December 10 near Washington, D.C. The focus of the highway-safety tour this year will be the role the trucking industry can play to reduce the number of alcohol-related crashes, which often tragically result in senseless death and injury. MADD and ITCC are asking truck drivers and motorists to take a proactive role by reporting suspected drunk drivers on CB Channel 9 or cellular phones. To promote this year's anti-drunk driving message even more, National Basketball Association (NBA) All-Pro Karl Malone of the Utah Jazz will be featured on a poster sponsored by Eaton Corporation, Kalamazoo, MI, that will be distributed by ITCC to high school students nationwide. In addition to his basketball career, Malone also owns a trucking company, Malone Enterprises, Inc., Salt Lake City, UT. -- more -- Interstate Truckload Carriers Conference 2200 Mill Road Alexandria, Va. 22314 (703) 838-1950 -2- A major highlight of the tractor-trailer tour will be cross-country press conferences conducted by MADD Immediate Past Chairman Jim Morris, who will travel by ITCC company trucks, and ITCC Executive Director J. Terry Turner. ITCC President John M. Smith, president, CRST International, Inc., Cedar Rapids, IA, will speak at the press conferences in Richmond and Washington D.C.. These press conferences, which will promote highway safety, will be conducted in 11 cities from November 29-December 10, 1993. The following press route, with supporting companies and chief executive officers, are listed below: Date Location Press Conference Monday, November 29 Jack Murphy Stadium 10:00 a.m. San Diego, CA Tuesday, November 30 The Debbie Reynolds 10:00 a.m. Hotel Las Vegas, NV Wednesday, December 1 Thunderbird High School 10:00 a.m. Phoenix, AZ Thursday, December 2 High School To Be 10:00 a.m. Determined El Paso, TX Friday, December 3 Palo Duro High School 10:00 a.m. Amarillo, TX Monday, December 6 Del City High School 10:00 a.m. Oklahoma City, OK Tuesday, December 7 North Little Rock H.S. 10:00 a.m. Little Rock, AR Wednesday, December 8 High School To Be 10:00 a.m. Determined Nashville, TN -more- -3- Thursday, December 9 NC State Fair Grounds 10:00 a.m. Raleigh, NC Friday, December 10 Hermitage High School 9:30 a.m. Richmond, VA Friday, December 10 Madison High School 1:30 p.m. Near Washington D.C. The following ITCC member companies and their respective chief executive officers will be speaking at the press conferences and providing the transportation and support for the safety awareness tour: Freymiller Trucking, Bakersfield, CA, Don Freymiller, chairman C.H. Dredge & Co., Inc., Layton, UT, Douglas Dredge, president Swift Transportation, Phoenix, AZ, Jerry Moyes, president Alan Ritchey, Inc., Valley View, TX, Don Hudspeth, president Refrigerated Transport of Texas, Inc., Dallas, TX, K.L. Breeden, president John Christner Trucking, Inc., Sapula, OK, John Christner,president Best Way Express, Vincennes, IN, Mac McCormick, president Umthum Trucking Co., Eagle Grove, IA, Virgil Umthun, president QST Express, Inc., Newberry, SC, John Halverson, president CRST, Inc., Cedar Rapids, IA, John Smith, president "We are taking to the highways again this year in this exciting nationwide effort to spread the word about the dangers of drinking and driving and the positive role trucking plays in promoting highway safety," said ITCC President Smith. "Our friends at MADD have a great message and we support it completely." Through the generosity of the ITCC Auxiliary, several celebrities are scheduled to speak at various press conferences, including movie star Debbie Reynolds, Washington Redskin Darrell Green and Stump Mitchell, formerly of the Phoenix Cardinals. -- more -- -4- The Auxiliary is also donating $1,000 to each high school where the press events are held. The funds will go toward sponsorship of a non-alcohol prom or graduation event. Another new addition to this year's tour will be a tractor-trailer that will be decorated with a special message: "Drunk Driving Destroys Dreams--Drive Smart, Drive Sober." John Ferguson, president, Unique Way, Sonora, KY, will be driving the tractor-trailer. Ferguson is known for his efforts to educate the public about trucking. The tractor for the tour has been furnished by Volvo GM Heavy Truck Corporation, Greensboro, NC. The trailer has been donated by Great Dane Trailers, Inc., Savannah, GA. Tires for trailer are being supplied by Michelin Tire Corp., Greenville, SC. The graphics for the trailer will be provided by 3-M Graphics, Hinsdale, IL. Hotel accommodations are being provided by Marriott Hotels & Resorts, Bethesda, MD. In addition, the majority of the diesel fuel will be provided by AMBEST, Inc., Franklin, TN, and a portion of fuel is being supplied by Pilot Oil Corp., Knoxville, TN. Rand McNally - TDM, Skokie, IL, has provided the travel route across the United States. Telecommunications for the nationwide event are being donated by Motorola Communications & Electronics, Dallas, TX. ITCC is the only national trade association solely representing the common and contract truckload segment of the motor carrier industry. The Conference represents approximately 600 dry van, refrigerated, flatbed, and dump-trailer truckload carriers domiciled in the 48 states and serving those states and the state of Alaska, Mexico, and the Canadian provinces. The Conference's members operate more than 140,000 tractors and 280,000 trailers, and have combined annual revenues exceeding $14 billion. The Conference is affiliated with the American Trucking Associations. --30-- John Ferguson America's Truck Drivin' Storyteller November 7, 1993 Ann Bartley Office of the First Lady 1600 Pennsylvania NW Washington DC 20500 Dear Ms. Bartley, I attended the Health Care Rally at the White House on September 23, 1993. On the return flight I had an opportunity to speak with Linda Tarr-Whelan of the Center for Policy Alternatives. I shared with her my desire to contact the First Lady about this Highway Safety Awareness Tour. She suggested that I contact you and request that you forward the information to Mrs. Clinton. I appreciate your time and effort. John Sincerely, Ferguson John C. Ferguson P.O. Box 171, Sonora, Kentucky 42776 John Ferguson America's Truck Drivin' Storyteller November 7, 1993 Office of the First Lady 1600 Pennsylvania NW Washington DC First Lady Hillary Rodham Clinton Dear Mrs. Clinton, I was one of the small business truckers invited to the Health Care Rally on September 23, 1993. It was good to speak with you. I wanted to mention the upcoming Highway Safety Awareness Tour, but felt the time was inappropriate. However, in line with the President's concern about personal responsibility as it relates to the burden of health care, sober driving can have an immediate impact. The theme of our tour is: DRUNK DRIVING DESTORYS DREAMS. DRIVE SMART. DRIVE SOBER. This endeavor is jointly sponsored by MADD (Mothers Against Drunk Driving) and the ITCC (Interstate Truckload Carriers Conference). I will lead this year's tour from San Diego to Washington DC. There will be press conferences in eleven major cities along the route. I would appreciate the support of the White House-- anything from a declaration to an appearance at one of our media conferences or riding along for a few miles. It would be an excellent opportunity to promote highway safety, personal choice responsibility and the Health Care Plan. You may contact me at 502-369-7350 or Bill Weger (ITCC) at 703-838-1950. Sincerely, John Ferguson John C. Ferguson P.O. Box 171, Sonora, Kentucky 42776 DEC-16-93 THU 10:51 CRAVER. MATHEWS, SMITH FAX NO. 7032370622 P.01 Craver, Mathews, Smith & Company, Inc. 300 North Washington Street Falls Church Virginia 22046 Telephone: (703) 237-0600 Fax Machine: (703) 237-0622 file Violance FAX folder Date: Fax number: To: Ann Bartley Organization: From: Jaches Blumenthal Total number of pages including this cover sheet: 2 Notes / Comments: The Information contained in this facsimile message is intended only for the use of the individuals to whom it is addrossed and may contain information that is privileged and confidential, the disclosure of which is prohibited by law. If the reader of this message is not the intended recipient, you are hereby notified that any dissemination, distribution or copying of this communication is strictly prohibited. If you have received this communication in error, please notify us immediately by telephone at (703) 237-0600. Thank you. DEC-16-93 THU 10:52 CRAVER. MATHEWS. SMITH FAX NO. 7032370622 P.02 CRAVER, MATHEWS, SMITH & COMPANY, INC. 300 North Washington Street Suite 200 Falls Church, Virginia 22046 703/237-0600 MEMORANDUM TO: Ann Bartley FROM: Jackie Blumenthal DATE: December 16, 1993 SUBJECT: Post-Brady Gun Control Memo The memo Sidney told you about was a client-specific project I did for Handgun Control to show them how to portray the full range of their activities as a comprehensive approach to qun violence and to encourage them to release the Brady Plan for Public Safety. Alhtough they did neither of these things in their recent press release, I don't think you'd find much of use to you in the 15-page document T prepared. As you probably know, Handgun Control and the Center to Prevent Handgun Violence together comprise a remarkable strategic approach to the gun violence problem. I don't think theylenough with it, however, either in terms of marketing or advocacy. There's a real vacuum out there for solutions -- or even attempts at solutions -- that go beyond enacting new laws that need to be implemented and enforced before they work to control guns. I have no idea where you all are in your thinking about what approach you want to take to the violence issue. But, for what it's worth, here's -- briefly -- what I think you should do: travel around the country putting the spotlight on specific community strategies that have been developed to deal with specific local crime/violence problems. Pick entrepreneurial approaches that are replicatable and that demonstrate how people can conquer fear by taking control over their own lives. Because, in the end, there's never going to be enough money to really deal with crime and every government approach will be criticized for not being enough. But if you can encourage have community interaction and involvement and rebuild the ethic of you people helping each other, whatever other strategies, (cops on the beat, jobs for toonagers), no matter how limited will be reinforced by building stronger communities. I'm sure this would be a great political approach to tackling the crime problem from a different angle than the White House. ann- I had to rush off. I'd be glad to put flesh on this idea is you're interested. Jadia Recycled Paper MAUREEN GAFFNEY 186 SACHEMS HEAD ROAD GUILFORD CT 06437 203/453-0732 451 WEST BROADWAY NEW YORK CITY NY 10012 212/777-0115 Guilford, Connecticut November 15, 1993 Ms. Anne Bartley OFFICE OF THE FIRST LADY Old Executive Building Washington DC 20501 Dear Anne, I was sorry to miss the White House arts ceremony last month; Sam and our friend Maria had a wonderful time. Un- fortunately, the ceremony conflicted with my class schedule. In the past week or so, however, motivated by a sense that it may be timely, I took off from school work to prepare an Op-Ed submission to the New York Times. And I am enclosing a copy of my paper because both Colin Greer and Sam suggested I send it to you in the hopes that you might encourage the First Lady to read it. I think this is a major health issue: TV not only impairs our physical health (through violence, poor diet, etc.) it is also detrimental to good mental and ethical health. Many thanks for your attention to this matter. Sincerely, Traveea Maureen Gaffney (Wrener) FAX# 203/ 458-2224 MAUREEN GAFFNEY 186 SACHEMS HEAD ROAD GUILFORD CT 06437 203/453-0732 451 WEST BROADWAY NEW YORK CITY NY 10012 212/777-0115 FAMILIES ARE VICTIMS IN CORPORATE ABUSE OF TV In a Senate hearing last month, Attorney General Reno warned producers that if they don't reduce the level of violence on TV, the government might intervene. While simultaneously condemning the violence and crying out against censorship, most commentators proposed a simplistic course of action: if they don't like what's on TV, viewers should turn off their sets. This response frames the problem of TV violence as a per- sonal issue, a matter of taste. But it is actually a public issue and turning off the set would be about as effective as in- fluencing politics by not voting. To "just say no but keep the status quo" places us at the mercy of the interlocking broadcast- ing and advertising industries, a system which in quest of prof- its has shown a flagrant disregard for the public good. Commercial television is, under law, a regulated industry. As such, it does not enjoy unrestricted freedom of speech and the government has an obligation to monitor and control its perfor- mance to insure that broadcasters act "in the public interest." But President Reagan's deregulation efforts and the absence of normal market controls have made broadcast TV virtually autono- mous. Thus TV violence raises the issue of regulation, not censorship. While TV programs come into almost every home in America, consumers have no real say about them. An illusion of choice is carefully orchestrated by ratings companies and market research- ers employed by the industry. Networks exist, as George Will of ABC News concedes, "to assemble audiences to sell things to." Programs are just packaging for advertisements and TV violence is a marketing scheme gone berserk. There is a growing perception that the desensitizing effects of physical violence on TV are a public health menace. But ver- bal aggressiveness and ridicule (which dominates many sit-coms) also foster violence. And what is healthy about TV's rampant sensationalism, its increasing prurience, or even its underlying materialist ethos (which supplants former concepts of self-worth with the notion of "buying power")? Most troubling is TV's detrimental effect on children and families. The dissolution of the American family is frequently cited as a factor in the rise of violence, and our way of sup- porting family values is to give commercial television virtually unrestricted access into people's lives. Yet in its devotion to a standard of maximum profit, TV subverts both the values and the authority of many parents in their own homes. Because the situation is worsening, and because piecemeal solutions won't work, the time has come for a systemic change. To this end I propose five actions which, together, will give people more control over this troublesome medium. First, revitalize the Federal Communications Commission so that industry regulation becomes substantive. Second, re-envision and reform TV's role in our lives. We must examine how we allowed TV to undermine and exploit our very culture. And we should abandon the illusion that network pro- grams come to us for free: TV ads not only inflate the cost of advertized products, we are beginning to understand that junk food ads and violent programs exact a heavy social price. Third, educate the public about the uses and abuses of tele- vision. We need to implement media studies units in our schools, beginning at the primary level because that is when children are most vulnerable to TV. And we need an ongoing consumer awareness campaign on television to educate adults about the value of restricting their own TV intake. Fourth, give individuals tangible control over television. As one of their rights in this technological age, citizens should be able to block certain programs or entire channels from invad- ing their privacy. Parents ought to be able to limit their chil- dren's access to programs they deem unsuitable, as they do with inappropriate periodicals, by prohibiting them from their homes. Thus, we need legislation requiring that all future TV sets sold in this country include a user-controlled blocking device (similar to a VCR programmer). Fifth, establish clear industry guidelines to regulate shows before they air. In order to "sell an audience" to advertisers, broadcasters prefer uncritical, even addicted viewers, so there is a notable shortage of detailed, pre-broadcast information from producers and/or reviewers about a given program's content. This lack of disclosure means that consumers can seldom make informed choices about what to watch. As it does under comparable circum- stances with the food and drug industries, the government must use preventive measures to protect consumers. There is much at stake. If we fail to guard the rights of people over corporations, WE will undermine the Constitutional guarantees of individuals. And if we allow the media and the government to establish a religion of the marketplace by default, we will have sold our children's birthright for a bar of soap. Should that happen -- perhaps it already has -- violence will be just the most obvious of our worries. Maureen Gaffney Founder and former Director MEDIA CENTER FOR CHILDREN Guilford, Connecticut November 1993 MAUREEN GAFFNEY 186 SACHEMS HEAD ROAD GUILFORD CT 06437 203/453-0732 451 WEST BROADWAY NEW YORK CITY NY 10012 212/777-0115 FAMILIES ARE VICTIMS IN CORPORATE ABUSE OF TV In a Senate hearing last month, Attorney General Reno warned producers that if they don't reduce the level of violence on TV, the government might intervene. While simultaneously condemning the violence and crying out against censorship, most commentators proposed a simplistic course of action: if they don't like what's on TV, viewers should turn off their sets. This response frames the problem of TV violence as a per- sonal issue, a matter of taste. But it is actually a public issue and turning off the set would be about as effective as in- fluencing politics by not voting. To "just say no but keep the status quo" places us at the mercy of the interlocking broadcast- ing and advertising industries, a system which in quest of prof- its has shown a flagrant disregard for the public good. Commercial television is, under law, a regulated industry. As such, it does not enjoy unrestricted freedom of speech and the government has an obligation to monitor and control its perfor- mance to insure that broadcasters act "in the public interest." But President Reagan's deregulation efforts and the absence of normal market controls have made broadcast TV virtually autono- mous. Thus TV violence raises the issue of regulation, not censorship. While TV programs come into almost every home in America, consumers have no real say about them. An illusion of choice is carefully orchestrated by ratings companies and market research- ers employed by the industry. Networks exist, as George Will of ABC News concedes, "to assemble audiences to sell things to." Programs are just packaging for advertisements and TV violence is a marketing scheme gone berserk. There is a growing perception that the desensitizing effects of physical violence on TV are a public health menace. But ver- bal aggressiveness and ridicule (which dominates many sit-coms) also foster violence. And what is healthy about TV's rampant sensationalism, its increasing prurience, or even its underlying materialist ethos (which supplants former concepts of self-worth with the notion of "buying power")? Most troubling is TV's detrimental effect on children and families. The dissolution of the American family is frequently cited as a factor in the rise of violence, and our way of sup- porting family values is to give commercial television virtually unrestricted access into people's lives. Yet in its devotion to a standard of maximum profit, TV subverts both the values and the authority of many parents in their own homes. Because the situation is worsening, and because piecemeal solutions won't work, the time has come for a systemic change. To this end I propose five actions which, together, will give people more control over this troublesome medium. First, revitalize the Federal Communications Commission so that industry regulation becomes substantive. Second, re-envision and reform TV's role in our lives. We must examine how we allowed TV to undermine and exploit our very culture. And we should abandon the illusion that network pro- grams come to us for free: TV ads not only inflate the cost of advertized products, we are beginning to understand that junk food ads and violent programs exact a heavy social price. Third, educate the public about the uses and abuses of tele- vision. We need to implement media studies units in our schools, beginning at the primary level because that is when children are most vulnerable to TV. And we need an ongoing consumer awareness campaign on television to educate adults about the value of restricting their own TV intake. Fourth, give individuals tangible control over television. As one of their rights in this technological age, citizens should be able to block certain programs or entire channels from invad- ing their privacy. Parents ought to be able to limit their chil- dren's access to programs they deem unsuitable, as they do with inappropriate periodicals, by prohibiting them from their homes. Thus, we need legislation requiring that all future TV sets sold in this country include a user-controlled blocking device (similar to a VCR programmer). Fifth, establish clear industry guidelines to regulate shows before they air. In order to "sell an audience" to advertisers, broadcasters prefer uncritical, even addicted viewers, so there is a notable shortage of detailed, pre-broadcast information from producers and/or reviewers about a given program's content. This lack of disclosure means that consumers can seldom make informed choices about what to watch. As it does under comparable circum- stances with the food and drug industries, the government must use preventive measures to protect consumers. There is much at stake. If we fail to guard the rights of people over corporations, we will undermine the Constitutional guarantees of individuals. And if we allow the media and the government to establish a religion of the marketplace by default, we will have sold our children's birthright for a bar of soap. Should that happen perhaps it already has -- violence will be just the most obvious of our worries. Maureen Gaffney Founder and former Director MEDIA CENTER FOR CHILDREN Guilford, Connecticut November 1993 MAUREEN GAFFNEY 186 SACHEMS HEAD ROAD GUILFORD CT 06437 203/453-0732 451 WEST BROADWAY NEW YORK CITY NY 10012 212/777-0115 FAMILIES ARE VICTIMS IN CORPORATE ABUSE OF TV In a Senate hearing last month, Attorney General Reno warned producers that if they don't reduce the level of violence on TV, the government might intervene. While simultaneously condemning the violence and crying out against censorship, most commentators proposed a simplistic course of action: if they don't like what's on TV, viewers should turn off their sets. This response frames the problem of TV violence as a per- sonal issue, a matter of taste. But it is actually a public issue and turning off the set would be about as effective as in- fluencing politics by not voting. To "just say no but keep the status quo" places us at the mercy of the interlocking broadcast- ing and advertising industries, a system which in quest of prof- its has shown a flagrant disregard for the public good. Commercial television is, under law, a regulated industry. As such, it does not enjoy unrestricted freedom of speech and the government has an obligation to monitor and control its perfor- mance to insure that broadcasters act "in the public interest." But President Reagan's deregulation efforts and the absence of normal market controls have made broadcast TV virtually autono- mous. Thus TV violence raises the issue of regulation, not censorship. While TV programs come into almost every home in America, consumers have no real say about them. An illusion of choice is carefully orchestrated by ratings companies and market research- ers employed by the industry. Networks exist, as George Will of ABC News concedes, "to assemble audiences to sell things to." Programs are just packaging for advertisements and TV violence is a marketing scheme gone berserk. There is a growing perception that the desensitizing effects of physical violence on TV are a public health menace. But ver- bal aggressiveness and ridicule (which dominates many sit-coms) also foster violence. And what is healthy about TV's rampant sensationalism, its increasing prurience, or even its underlying materialist ethos (which supplants former concepts of self-worth with the notion of "buying power")? Most troubling is TV's detrimental effect on children and families. The dissolution of the American family is frequently cited as a factor in the rise of violence, and our way of sup- porting family values is to give commercial television virtually unrestricted access into people's lives. Yet in its devotion to a standard of maximum profit, TV subverts both the values and the authority of many parents in their own homes. Because the situation is worsening, and because piecemeal solutions won't work, the time has come for a systemic change. To this end I propose five actions which, together, will give people more control over this troublesome medium. First, revitalize the Federal Communications Commission so that industry regulation becomes substantive. Second, re-envision and reform TV's role in our lives. We must examine how we allowed TV to undermine and exploit our very culture. And we should abandon the illusion that network pro- grams come to us for free: TV ads not only inflate the cost of advertized products, we are beginning to understand that junk food ads and violent programs exact a heavy social price. Third, educate the public about the uses and abuses of tele- vision. We need to implement media studies units in our schools, beginning at the primary level because that is when children are most vulnerable to TV. And we need an ongoing consumer awareness campaign on television to educate adults about the value of restricting their own TV intake. Fourth, give individuals tangible control over television. As one of their rights in this technological age, citizens should be able to block certain programs or entire channels from invad- ing their privacy. Parents ought to be able to limit their chil- dren's access to programs they deem unsuitable, as they do with inappropriate periodicals, by prohibiting them from their homes. Thus, we need legislation requiring that all future TV sets sold in this country include a user-controlled blocking device (similar to a VCR programmer). Fifth, establish clear industry guidelines to regulate shows before they air. In order to "sell an audience" to advertisers, broadcasters prefer uncritical, even addicted viewers, so there is a notable shortage of detailed, pre-broadcast information from producers and/or reviewers about a given program's content. This lack of disclosure means that consumers can seldom make informed choices about what to watch. As it does under comparable circum- stances with the food and drug industries, the government must use preventive measures to protect consumers. There is much at stake. If we fail to guard the rights of people over corporations, we will undermine the Constitutional guarantees of individuals. And if we allow the media and the government to establish a religion of the marketplace by default, we will have sold our children's birthright for a bar of soap. Should that happen perhaps it already has -- violence will be just the most obvious of our worries. Maureen Gaffney Founder and former Director MEDIA CENTER FOR CHILDREN Guilford, Connecticut November 1993 Remothsing N.C. on visona t Crime - # get capy 173 [or fri 2 weels 2 weehings ] THE WHITE HOUSE Office of the Press Secretary (Chapel Hill, North Carolina) For Immediate Release October 12, 1993 REMARKS BY THE PRESIDENT AT UNIVERSITY OF NORTH CAROLINA Chapel Hill, North Carolina 8:24 P.M. EDT THE PRESIDENT: Thank you very much. Thank you. Thank you very much, President Spangler, President Friday, Chancellor Hardin, my good friend, Governor Hunt, and other distinguished platform guests, ladies and gentlemen. I must say I have thought for a long time about what it might feel to be in a vast crowd of North Carolinians and have them do something besides root against one of my athletic teams from Arkansas. (Laughter.) I began to think of this moment in August when I was on vacation, and I spent an evening with a person who used to be one of your great sons, James Taylor. (Applause.) And 1 asked his to sing Carolina in My Mind, so that I could begin to think about what this day might mean to all of us. Five other presidents have come to this great university to speak. None has every had the opportunity to speak to a crowd like this, on this occasion of your 200th birthday as a university. I'd like to begin by thanking the students whom I have met, and especially those who gave me this beautiful leather bound book of essays -- three of them -- about the theme for this bicentennial celebration that the students chose -- community. For it 1s in many ways what ought to be America's theme today, how we can be more together than we are apart. This university has produced enough excellence to fill a library or lead a nation. And novelists like Thomas Wolfe and Walker Percy. In great defenders of the Constitution like Senator Sam Ervin and Julius Chambers, now one of your Chancellcrs. And Katherine Everett, a pioneer among women lawyers. And Francis Collins, a scientist who discovered the gene for cystic fibrosis. And journalists like Charles Kuralt and Tom Wicker and Deborah Potter and my Pulitzer Prize-winning friend, Taylor Branch. And leading business men and women like the head of the Small Business Administration in our administration, Erskine Bowles, who's here with me tonight and who, T dare say, is the ablest person ever to hold his position -- probably because of the education he got here at the University of North Carolina. (Applause.) These are just a few of the many thousands of lives who have beer brightened by what Mr. Kuralt 80 warmly referred to as the light and liberty this great university offers. There are few certainties in this life, but I've also learned that when March madness rolls around, I'll be hoping my Razorbacks are there, but I know that Dean Smith's Tar Heels will always be there. (Applause.) As one who grew up in the 30uth, I have long admired this university for understanding that our best traditions call on us to offer that light and liberty to all. Chapel Hill has always been filled with a progressive spirit. Long before history caught up with him, as Mr. Kuralt Just said. your MORE 2 " legendary president, Frank Porter Graham, spoke this simple bt.t powerful truth: "In the South, two great races have fundamentally a common destiny in building a nobler civilization, and if we go up, we go up together. What a better life we might have had if more had listened to that at a single time. (Applause.) Your great state has also understood that educ tion goes hand-in-hand with the expansion of democracy and the advancement of our own economy. Under the leadership of men like Luther Hodges and Terry Sanford and Bill Friday, this university joined with your other state's great universities, the tate government and the corporate community to begin buildin an advanced research center to attract new businesses and jobs. Now the Research Triangle has more than 60 companies, more than 34,000 employees, it is the envy of the entire nation of what we can do if we strive to make change our friend. Tonight we celebrate the day this university began -- the laying of a cornerstone that marks a milestone in the entire American journey, because on this day, near this place, 200 years ago, the cornerstone was laid for the first building in the first university in a nation that had only recently been born. It was, to be sure, a time of hopeful and historic change, when the future was clear to those who had the vision to see it and the courage to seize it. It was a time of horos such as William R. Davie, a fighter in the Revolution, a frai er of the Constitution, a Princeton graduate who wanted a state university here to make education accessible to more than a privil. ged few. On October 12th in 1793, when General Davi laid the foundation for this university, he laid a foundation for two centuries of progress in American education. Historians tell us now that there was then a Joyous ceremony -- that "the maple leaves flamed red in the eager air." Great joy there was, but remember now, it was in the face of great uncertainty. The ruins of the Revolutionary war had yet to heal. The debts had yet to be repaid. And a new democracy seemed still untested and unstable. Yet, in spite of all these problems, the Americans of that time had the courage to build what had never before existed - a great new republic and a public university. In spite of the obstacles, they decided to bet on the future, not cling to the past. That is the test for us today, my fellow Americans. Alexis de Tocqueville carried this uniquely American optimism, this faith in education, this commitment to change when he wrote in his wondrous Democracy in America: "The Americans have all a lively faith in the perfectibility of man, they judge that the diffusion of knowledge must necessarily be advantageous, and the consequences of ignorance fatal; they all consider society as a body 11 a state of improvement, humanity as a changing scene, in which nothing is or ought to be permanent; and they admit that what appears to them today to be good, may be superseded by something better tomorrow.' For two centuries now, we've held fast to that faith in the future. For two centuries we've kept the courage to change. And for two centuries we've believed with Frank Porter Graham, that we must go up together. Our founders pledged their lives, their fortunes, their sacred honor to a common cause. we fought a vast and bloody civil war to preserve that common cause. Every battle to expand civil rights has been to deepen and strengthen that common cause -- our ability to go up together. NOW, after 200 years, and after 200 years of this university, we find ourselves a people of more than 150 different racial and ethnic groups confronting a challenge in this new era MORE ' which tests our belief in the future, tests our courage to change, and tests our commitment to community -- to going up together. Tonight we can best honor this great university's historic builders and believers, a dozen generations after our nation and this university began by meeting those tests. The Cold War is over. The threat of nuclear annihilation is receding. Democracy and free markets are on the march. Mandela and de Klerk, Rabin and Arafat have given people hope that peace can come out of any conflict. (Applause.) A global economy is taking shape in which information and investment move across national borders at stunning speed. And competition for jobs and incomes is intense. Expanding trade is critical to every nation's growth, and our greatest asset is no longer natural resources or material structures -- it is the strength, the skills, the mind and the spirit of our people. This is a world America has done a very great deal to make. Through two world wars, the Civil War, the Cold War, the establishment of global economic and trading missions, through the attempts to build a United Nations and other instruments of peace and harmony, of progress and democracy. It is full of hope. But as we all know, it is not without its heartbreak. There is less danger of a nuclear war between two nations, but more danger of the proliferation of weapons of mass destruction in the hands of people irresponsibly prepared to use them. The oppression of Communist control has disappeared, but that disappearance has opened ugly ethnic and religious divisions. The United Nations can do more good than ever before, but clearly there are limits to what outside forces can do t.o solve severe internal problems in some nations. We cannot withdrawal from this world we have done so much to make, and we must face its difficulties and challenges. Through great trials we have stood with President Yeltsin for democracy, peace and economic reform in Russia. In so doing we have helped the Russians, but we've made ourselves safer and better, too. (Applause.) We have sponsored and supported the peace process in the Middle East, for which you just clapped. And so doing, of course we have contributed to a better life for the Arabs and the Jews, but we have enhanced our own security as well. We have helped to save nearly one million Somalis from death, starvation, anarchy, and strengthened our argument that the world's poor and deprived need not turn to terrorism and violence for regress. In so doing we have advanced our interests, but some of our finest young soldiers have perished. Tonight before going on, I want to express here in North Carolina, my profound gratitude and deep personal sympathy to the families of the six servicemen from Fort Braga who were killed in Somalia: Sergeant Daniel Busch, First Class Earl Fillmore, Master Sergeant Gary Gordon, Master Sergeant Timothy Martin, Sergeant First Class Matthew Rierson and Sergeant First Class Randall schugan (phonetic). May God bless their souls and their families, and may we all thank them. (Applause.) Our nation is grateful to them, so are most of the people of somalia. I have ordered strong new steps to protect our troops, to ensure the return of our missing or captive Americans, to complete our mission in that nation in no more than six months, to finish that job quickly, but to finish that job right. (Applause.) MORE - 4 - Just as we know we cannot withdraw from the world, we know here at this great university, that we cannot lead the world unless we are first strong at home. After all, in the beginning it was our values, our ideals, our strength, our willingness to work, to make the most of what was here on this continent that made us the envy of the world. And here at home, this new economy of ours offers much hope and opportunity, yet every positive development seems to bring with it some jarring dislocation. The global economy not only rewards the educated, it punishes the those without education. Between 1972 and 1992, while the work year got longer for most Americans, our wages stagnated. The 75 percent our people who don't have college degrees felt it profoundly. Those who began, but didn't finish college, saw their wages fall by 9 percent just since 1979. For those who didn't go on to college, wages fell 17 percent. For those who left high school, wages dropped 20 percent. We got a lot of new jobs out of international trade, but we know we also lose some every year to competition from countries with lower wages or higher quality, or sometimes unfair practices. We know that our health care is the finest in the world, but millions of us are just a pink slip away from losing their savings. health insurance, or one illness away from losing a life Most of our people are law-abiding citizens who love their families more than their own lives. But America leads the world in violent crime, has the highest percentage of its people behind bars, has 90,000 murders in the last four years and more and more of our children are born into and grow up in family situations so difficult that it is hard even to make the lives. arguments that the rest of us have taken for granted all of our More and more of our children are growing up in a world in which the future is not what happens when they graduate from the University of North Carolina, but what happens 15 minutes from now. We cannot long survive in a nation with young people for whom the people has no allure and on whom the future has no claim. All of us who come here in gratitude to this great university, and others like it, are here because we believe in tomorrow. And that must be our urgent task to restore that tomorrow for our young people. (Applause.) What is the point of all this for today' It is simply this. We are living in a time of professed change. No one can fully see the shape of the change, or imagine with great precision the enc. of it. But we know a lot about what works and what doesn't. And we know that if we do not embrace this change and make it our friend, if we do not follow what de Tocqueville said we were about 150 years ago, if we do not follow the traditions on which this university was founded, then change will become our enemy. And yet all around our great country today I see from people resisting change. I see them turning inward and away change. And I ask myself why. At a time when we know it's a matter of fact that every rich country in the world gains many new jobs through expanding trade, I see people saying, "Well even though my industry will get more jobs, we shouldn't have a new trade arrangement with Canada and Mexico which could one day engulf all of Latin America." And when I listen -- when I listen to the hear the grievances of the 1980s. The grievances of times when arguments, I hear instead of arguments against this agreement, I workers were fired without thought, when investments were not made, when people were abused. Instead of a reasoning argument yesterday. about what will build America tomorrow, I hear a longing for MORE - 5 But I tell you my friends, as certainly as it was true 200 years ago today, yesterday is yesterday. If we try to recapture it, we will only lose tomorrow. (Applause.) But I think we can say we khow some things about why we are resisting these changes, and what we might do to make ourselves more like the founders of this great university, more like the founders of our great nation, more like most of the students here on any given day at this university. When do people most resist change? When they are most insecure. Think of any child you ever raised. Think of any personal experier ce you ever had. Why is it that great universities provide wonderful libraries and beautiful lawns and space and time tc study and to learn and to grow? so people can feel personally at peace and secure. It is that which enables us to learn and to grow and to change. And I say to you tonight, my fellow Americans, the mission of this university, the mission of eve y university, must be to be in the vanguard of helping the American people to recover enough personal security to be able to lead the changes that we are so urgently called on to make. (Applause.) What does that mean? What does that mean? would argue among all things, it means at least three: First, e must make Americans more secure in their families and at work. In a world transformed by trade and technology it is no longer ossible for a young person to go to work and keep a job until retirement, or even often to stay with the same company. The economy is creating and losing mi lions of jobs constantly. Most people now who are laid off from heir jobs never get the same old job back. Young people begin ing their careers, on average, will change work seven times in 8 lifetime. The best jobs those young people here in the audience may ever have may be jobs yet to be created in companies yet to be founded based on technologies yet to be discovered. Economic security, therefore, can no longer be and in a particular job. It must be rooted in a continuing apac ty to learn new things. That means we must have a system of lif long learning beginning with higher standards in our scho ls. Almost two decades ago, your Governor, Jim Hunt, began at education reform program that included higher standards th se schools. Those efforts inspired other governors around he country, including the then Governor of South Caroli 1a, IOW ir Education Secretary Dick Riley, and me. And I thank him for that. (Applause.) Now, we are trying to adopt a whole new approach in our national effort to raise standards in education. We bel eve the right standard for America isn't whether we are better tl an we were, but whether we're the best in the world. This cannot be a Democratic or a Republican concern -- it must be an American imperative. We know we have to e pect more of our students and our schools, we have to regulate heir details less, but hold them to higher standards and measure whether our kids are really learning enough to compete and win in the global economy. Then we have to insure that every run person in this country has the opportunity to get a colle education -- every last one who wants it. (Applause.) We have already this year reorganized the student loan programs to lower interest rates and ease the repayment terms and open the loors of college education to thousands of young people by given them a hance to be in the National Service Program, to rebuili their communities from the grass roots up, and earn a part of 10512 college education. (Applause.) For the three-quarters of our yours people who to not set four-year college degrees, we must merge the move of learning and the world of work to offer young people 01:95:00m training and on-the-job training. And for those who Jose their jobs, the unemployment system is no longer good enough. We must MORE OCT-12-1993 22:07 CHAFEL HILL PRESS OFFICE 919 P.001 - 6 - create a continuous reemployment system GO that people are always learning -- even into their 50s and 60s and 70s, as long as they are willing to be productive citizens and to keep going and growing. (Applause.) Another big part of job security that is often missed is that most workers are now parents, or at least most parents are now workers. And we can no longer force people to chose between being a good parent and a good worker. (Applause.) They must be able to be both. That is why people who work hard for marginal wages should not be taxed into poverty, but lifted out of it by the tax system, and it is what this government has done. For the first time ever we can say now, if you work 40 hours a week and you have children in your home, you can be lifted out of poverty. And that is why we have said you ought not to lose your job if you have a sick child or a sick parent. You ought to be able to take a little time off without losing your job because it is important to the fabric of America to stick up for the American family. (Applause.) A couple of Sundays ago when I came into the White House from my early morning run, I saw a father, a mother and three daughters there taking a tour on Sunday morning, an unusual time. And I went over and said hello to them and learned that the family was there with the Make a Wish Foundation, because one of the daughters was desperately ill and she wanted to see the President and see the White House. I talked to that family for a while and then I came down and had my picture taken with them. And as I was walking away the father said, "Mr. President, don't you ever think it doesn't matter what goes on up here. If it hadn't been for the family leave law coming in this year, I would have had to chose between spending this time with my precious daughter who may not make 1t, or working to support my family so that the rest of us could go on. No parent should ever make that choice, and I don't have to now." That is what I mean by providing the American people the personal security they need to proceed to change in this world. (Applause.) The second element after education and training of our personal security must be health care. This is the only advanced nation in which people can lose their health care, where we don't have health care that is always there and that can never be taken away. Even though we spend 40 percent more than any place else in the world what does that mean? Lost productivity in small businesses, people really insecure about changing jobs because they've had someone in their family sick and they know if they change jobs that pre-existing condition will keep them from getting new health insurance. So people walk around like this, millions of us all the time, 37.4 million Americans without any health insurance, but many millions more knowing they could lose it like that. How can you be secure enough to change, to take on new challenges, to start new businesses, to take new risks, if you think that you may have to let your family go without basic health care. My fellow Americans, it does not happen in any other advanced nation, and it is time for us to say as a people it will no longer happen here. No more. (Applause.) And this last point I would make to you -- if we are to be personally secure enough to make the changes and meet the tests of this time, we must protect our people better against the ravages of violence. Our people have the right to feel safe where they live -- (applause) -- where they go to school and where they work. My fellow Americans, I was in California the other night and I talked to people all across the state in a hooked up town hall meeting. And this young African American boy, a junior high school student, said, "Mr. President, my brother and I, we OCT-12-1993 22:00 CHAPEL HILL PRESS OFFICE 919 3725 P.002 - don't want to be in gangs, we don't want to have guns, we don't want to cause any trouble. We want to learn, we want a future. And we thought our school was too unsafe, so we decided to go to another school and enroll in it because it was safer. And on the day we showed up to register for school, my brother was standing right in front of me and he was shot," because he got in a crossfire of one of these mindless, arbitrary, endless shootings that occur among children on our streets and in our schools today. We have to stop this. We cannot let those children be robbed of their future. (Applause.) I know this state grieved recently when your native son Michael Jordan's father was killed. And I know we all wish him well as Michael embarks on a new journey in his life. But let us not forget that 22 other men and women were killed in that same county in your state this year. Ten foreign toursists were killed in Florida this year, and the state grieved over it. But in our nation's capital, in one week this summer, more than twice that many people were killed. They were not famous, but they were the President's neighbors. It is heartbreaking. what can we do about it? We can put more police on our street. Not to catch criminals just alone, but also to prevent crime. It works. Thirty years ago there were three police for every violent crime. Today there are three crimes for every police officer. We have to give these people the help they need. And when they work the same neighborhoods and walk the same streets and talk to the same kids, they help to prevent crime. We also -- and I say this in North Carolina, coming from a state where in my home state, half the people have a hunting license or a fishing license or both and we have to shut down factories and schools and towns on the opening day of deer season because nobody shows up anyway. But we still ought to pass the Brady bill so we don't sell guns to people with a criminal or a mental health history. (Applause.) And we should not allow in city after city after city our police officers to go to work everyday knowing they will walk the mean streets of our cities with people who are better armed than they are. Because this is the only country in the world where teenagers can have assault weapons designed only to kill other people, and use them with abandon on the streets of our cities. We can do better than that. DO you know, my fellow Americans, that I learned just last week that someone shot today with a bullet is three times more likely to perish because they are likely to have three times as many bullets in them as they did just 15 years ago. It is time for us to stop talking about law and order and thinking about how we can organize ourselves to protect our culture, to protect our heritage, to keep our rights as sportsmen and women, but to protect our kids lives and their future. The time has come to face this problem. (Applause.) what has all that got to do with this? Because this: is what the founders did. They faced the problems of their time and gave the rest of us a chance to live in the most successful democracy ever known. The idea of the public university, born here in North Carolina, played a major role in revolutionizing opportunity for millions and millions and millions of Americans who never even came into this state, but got that opportunity in other states because of the example set here. This is the challenge of our time and we must meet it so that we can change. Economic security, health care security, personal security none of us can be secure until we are prepared to take personal responsibility for making these changes, and of building a new sense of community, each in our own way. Our jobs won't be responsible unless we are willing to learn new skills for a lifetime; and until we all treat each other like indispensable partners, not disposable parts. OCT-12-1993 22:00 CHAPEL HILL PRESS OFFICE 919 3725 P.003 Our health care won't be secure even if we pass our health care bill until All of us practice more preventive care. Our families won't be secure wntil fathers and mothers begin to realize that they have to put their children first. Our communities won't be secure until people who disagree on everything else stop shouting at each other long enough to realize that we have to save the kids who are in trouble the same way we lost them, one child at a time. And it imposes a responsibility on each and every one of us. (Applause.) But I tell you, my fellow Americans, I honestly believe that as you start the third century of this University's life we could be looking at the most exciting time America has ever known, if we have the security and the courage to change. We want to revitalize the American spirit of enterpr: and adventure. We want to give our people new confidence to dream those great dreams again, to take those great risks, to achieve those great things. The security I seek for America is like a rope for a rock climber, to lift those who will take responsibility for their own lives to greater and greater pinnacles. The security I seek is not government doing more for people but Americans doing more for ourselves and for our families, for our communities and for our country. It is not the absence of risk, it is the presence of opportunity. It is not a world without change but a world in which change is our friend and not our enemy. We honor today the men and women who had the courage to create a new university in a new nation. We must, like them, be builders and believers, the architects of a new security to empower and embolden America and the University of North Carolina on the eve of a new century. The only difference between America two centuries ago and America today is the difference between dawn and high noon of a very beautiful day. In the words of your great alumnus, Thomas Wolfe, the true discovery of America is still before us. The true fulfillment of our spirit of our people, of our mighty and immortal land is yet to come. Let us believe in those words and let us act on them, so that 200 years from now our children, 12 generations removed, will still celebrate this glorious day. Thank you, and God speed. (Applause.) END 8:58 P.M. EDT CHRISTOPHER J. DODD CONNECTICUT United States Senate WASHINGTON, DC 20510 December 3, 1993 Ms. Anne Bartley Assistant to the Deputy Chief of Staff Office of the First Lady Old Executive Office Building 17th Street & Pennsylvania Avenue Washington, Ame D.C. 20500 Dear Ms Bartley: I am writing to thank you for attending the dinner discussion on youth violence at the Edelmans' house and your subsequent help in seeing the Ounce of Prevention initiative adopted in the Senate Crime Bill. The discussion helped everyone realize how grave and complex the problem of youth violence is in this country. Our dinner also demonstrated that we can do something to save the youth of America from hopelessness. Although we have a long and difficult road ahead, we have made some important first steps. If adopted by the conferees, the Ounce of Prevention program and council would allow communities to develop broad-based programs for youth to curb the growing tide of violence among our nation's young people. Through your support and hard work, I was able to successfully offer our Ounce of Prevention amendment to the Crime Bill. I believe this amendment would fill a gap in the crime legislation by helping prevent children from growing up to become criminals in the first place. I would appreciate any assistance you might be able to provide to ensure the adoption of this amendment by the Senate and House conferees. I applaud the leadership the Office of the First Lady has shown in advocating prevention strategies to help children. The Ounce of Prevention amendment would help send the message that such an approach is an important and vital tool against youth crime. I wish you and your family a happy holiday season and I look forward to continuing our work together in 1994. Sincerely, CHRISTOPHER J. DODD United States Senator STUDY 930018 A SURVEY OF THE AMERICAN PEOPLE ON GUNS AS A CHILDREN'S HEALTH ISSUE Prepared for The Harvard School of Public Health Under a Grant from The Joyce Foundation June 1993 Conducted by LH Research, Inc.* Study Director: Louis Harris Not Associated with Louis Harris and Associates, Inc. TABLE OF CONTENTS Page A WORD ABOUT THIS STUDY i EXECUTIVE SUMMARY iv ANALYSIS 1 A WORD ABOUT THIS STUDY In many ways, this is a ground-breaking study in a field which has long been both puzzling and perplexing to students of America public opinion and to those in politics who must weigh public attitudes against the art of the possible. For close to two decades now, repeated polling of the American people has yielded majorities of 3 to 1 or better in favor of strict regulation of the ownership and use of guns. At the same time, the strength of the pro-gun lobby in Washington has been so great as to prevent any and all efforts to regulate the possession of guns. For at least a decade now, close to half the households in the country have come to own a gun - a handgun, a shot gun, a rifle, or an assault rifle. Ownership has become so pervasive that the mere fact of possession has become a problem in-and-of itself. The presence of guns, especially handguns in homes, has begun to be recognized as a danger to the families who live in those homes. Since 1983, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention has refocused the danger of guns as not just being a problem of criminal activity but one that relates to the family: the presence of guns in the home and the growth of injuries and deaths due to gun-related violence at home. Basically, the CDC looked at gun injuries as a public health problem. It turned up such evidence as that "firearm attacks on family members and intimate acquaintances are at least 12 times more likely to result in death than are assaults using other weapons."1 Shortly after the CDC focused on this issue, the American Academy of Pediatrics began to examine the possession of guns in society as a children's health issue. It cited CDC data that "the number of firearms-related deaths among children from 1 to 19 years of age rose 25% from 1985-1988." And, "In 1988, firearm death rates were comparable in number to the sum 1 "Violence Epidemiologist Test the Hazards of Gun Ownership" Science, 9 Oct. 1992 by Gary Taubes of all death rates from natural causes for white males aged 15 to 19, and two-and-a-half times the death rate from natural causes for black males 15 to 19 years old."² Dr. Katherine Kaufer Christoffel, in the July 1992 Pediatric Annals, wrote that "Just as children share in the strengths and weaknesses of the families they live in, so do they share in the strengths and weaknesses of the societies in which their families live. One of the weaknesses of contemporary U.S. society is its preoccupation with violence in general, and firearms in particular. For U.S. children, the consequence of this is a level of firearm mortality and morbidity that is far higher than anywhere else in the world."3 As a result of this research the American Academy of Pediatrics adopted as "a guiding goal -- the removal of handguns from private homes, to protect both the children who may live in or visit those homes and the children's adults."⁴ From the Academy's point of view guns became a central children's health issue. The central purpose of this poll of a cross-section of 1250 adults nationwide is to determine just how much the American people perceive guns to be a health hazard to children. To get at this, it has been necessary to find out how oriented people are to children's problems and issues generally, and, then, specifically, to the issue of guns and violence as they affect young people. The study also tests a number of specific options, ranging from passage of the Brady Bill to an outright ban on the sale of all handguns in the country. Following this study, the Joyce Foundation has commissioned yet another study: a survey of a cross-section of 2500 students in the sixth through twelfth grades. It will report on 2 "Pediatric Firearm Injuries: Time to Target a Growing Population" Pediatric Annals July 1992, by Katherine Kaufer Christoffel 3 Op. Cit. 4 Op. Cit. -ii- the effect violence and guns have on the attitudes and behavior of young people about their home and school life. In the preparation of this report, the counsel of the following has been indispensable to the execution of both studies: Deborah Leff, President of the Joyce Foundation, Dr. Katherine Kaufer Christoffel of the American Academy of Pediatrics, and Dr. Jay Winsten of the Harvard University School of Public Health. Gratitude should also be extended to Westinghouse Broadcasting, which commissioned a study of American attitudes toward children, which Mr. Harris conducted in his former firm, Louis Harris and Associates, Inc., and some of whose questions have been updated in this survey. In the end, the study is the professional responsibility of Louis Harris. -iii- EXECUTIVE SUMMARY The Impact of Society's Problems Upon Young People The American people are deeply beset by what they feel is the sharply increasing impact of violence in society upon the lives of children. Sizable majorities of adults feel there has been an increase in seven major problems facing children: - 93% feel there has been an increase in "teenagers being killed by guns," compared to when they were growing up. -- 92% see a rise in "children shooting other children." -- 84% believe there has also been an increase in "drug and alcohol abuse" among children. -- 76% are disturbed by the increase in "suicide among young people." -- 76% believe there has been an increase in the "sexual assault of children." -- 74% see a rise in "injury or death among young people from drunk driving." -- 56% believe there has been an increase in "physical abuse of children by their parents." Parents themselves hold basically the same view as the rest of the adult public about young people having to face a rising tide of problems that involve violence to themselves. The price paid by children, most believe, is that many of the supports that were present in American society for the young are notably lacking: -- Only 25% feel that "most children in America live in safe neighborhoods," down from 36% who felt that way back in 1986. -- Only 29% feel that "most children are safe from violence in the schools." -- No more than 30% believe that "most children live in homes safe from violence." -iv- -- Only 39% feel that "most children are physically safe going to and from school." Compared with 1986, when a 68-31% majority of adults felt that "children today are better off compared to when they were growing up," now only 46% feel they are "better off," but an equal 46% feel they are "worse off." Clearly, the American people are seriously worried about the lot of young people today. Indeed, 84% feel that "problems affecting children have grown worse," up 10 points in the past seven years. A root cause, in the judgment of 81%, is that "the availability of guns and the increase in the number of guns that are bought and sold have contributed to the violence." Fully 91% of all adults and 92% of parents feel that there is "more violence in the schools than when they were growing up." A Major Cause of the Deterioration of the Lot of Children: Guns By 77-19%, a sizable majority of the public is convinced that "young people's safety is endangered by there being so many guns around these days." A high 79% feel that "the problem of guns is serious in the country," 57% feel it is "serious" on the streets at night where they live, 54% that it is "serious" on the streets where young people have to go to school, and 42% say it is "serious" in the schools where they live. A substantial 78% say that concerns over their physical safety have seriously altered the lives of children. Among parents, 62% say that "the widespread availability of guns and the resulting violence have made their children more concerned about their safety in school." Almost as many parents, 61%, also say guns and violence have made their children "more concerned about their safety going to and from school." An equal 60% of parents say their children have learned to "act tougher to protect their own safety." 47% say "the worry over the daily threat to their physical safety" is something their children now carry with themselves on an ongoing basis. As a result, 33% say their children are "less eager to go to school every day," 28% say their children are "less inclined to play outside," and 33% say "it is more difficult for their -V- children to pay attention to learning in schools." One in five parents say they know a child who was "so worried that he or she got a gun for their own self-protection," one in seven say they know "a child who has asked for a gun for his or her own protection," one in six know a child "who was found playing with a gun that was loaded," about one in six also know "a child who accidently shot himself or herself with a gun," one in five know "a child who was wounded or killed by another child with a gun," and one in seven parents know "a child who was wounded or killed by an adult with a gun." While this personal and tragic shadow of death from guns overhangs the consciousness of parents and most adults in the country, the depth of feeling is further spurred by a growing realization of the impact of guns on children across the country. Over 8 in 10 adults report that facts such as these make them feel the problem of guns and young people is a matter of urgency to them: "among teenagers 15 to 19 years old, one in four deaths come from a gunshot injury;" "the total cost of doctors treating gunshot wounds in the U.S. is over $14 billion a year," "in 1988, one in every six pediatricians treated a young person who was the victim of a gunshot wound;" "gunshot wounds in children aged 16 and under doubled in major urban areas between 1987 and 1990;" and "since 1985, the rate of dying from a gunshot injury has increased 77% for teenagers 15 to 19 years of age." Observation: It is evident that people in the United States see a vast increase in the pall of violence that has visited this nation compared to when they were growing up, and that the lives of children have been altered and deeply affected by it in their homes, on the way to and from school, and in the schools themselves. Three in every four make a direct link between the proliferation of guns and the spread of violence in society and the threat of violence they report many of their children face every day of their lives. The American people have come to believe that the widespread pos- session of guns has created a pall of violence across the land that has engulfed the lives of children. Gun-related casualties among children, they believe, have become a major health hazard for the young. Thus, concludes the public, guns are now perceived as a major health problem for children. -vi- Manifestations of the Impact of Guns on Children Significant minorities of adults have been personally affected or know someone who has been affected by the impact of guns on children: -- 18% of all adults, 20% of all parents, and 30% of blacks report having had or knowing someone who had "a child who was wounded or killed by another child who had a gun." - 15% of all adults, 22% of Latinos, 19% of all parents, and 33% among blacks report knowing "a child who was so worried that he or she got a gun for self-protection." -- 14% of all adults, 16% of all parents, and 20% of blacks report knowing "a child who was found playing with a gun that was loaded." -- 13% of all adults, 14% of all parents, and 23% of blacks report knowing "a child who was wounded or killed by an adult with a gun." -- 12% of all adults, 13% of Latinos, 15% of all parents, and 17% of blacks know "a child who accidentally shot himself or herself with a gun." -- 12% of all adults, 14% of all parents, 22% of all Latinos, and 25% of all blacks report knowing "a child who asked for a gun for his or her protection." A substantial 39% of all parents say they would tell their children "if someone attacked them, they should defend themselves, even if this means using a weapon." A much higher majority of 62% of those saying they are members of the National Rifle Association would give this advice to their children. Since 1987, the number reporting they are members of the NRA has declined from 14% to 8%. When asked directly, a 96% majority of adults and parents reject the view that "if children were in a physical fight, they would be safer if they had a gun." -vii- Remedies the American Public Now Would Opt for Nine major proposals for containing the availability, ownership, and use of handguns were put before the cross-section of adults nationwide. All but one received majority support, while the last came out as a stand-off. Nearly all key groups in the population favor 8 of the 9 proposals. Most are supported by margins of more than two to one. It seems evident from these results that the American people now urgently want handguns contained or even banished. Here are the results: -- A nearly unanimous 89% to 9% majority now favors "passage of the Brady Bill, which would require a seven-day waiting period for all handgun purchases, so that authorities can check on who is buying a handgun." Even among NRA members, a 68% to 32% majority favors the Brady Bill. -- By 82% to 15%, a majority would favor "a federal law requiring that all handguns people own be registered by federal authorities." -- By 72% to 26%, a majority would support "making it illegal to carry a handgun outside the home without having a special permit." -- By 70% to 26%, a majority favors "a federal law prohibiting the carrying of handguns across state lines, unless a person has court permission to do so." -- By 67-28%, a majority also favors "limiting the purchase of guns by any one person to one a month." -- By 63-31%, a majority supports "a federal law banning the sale of all automatic and semi-automatic guns." -- By 62-34%, a majority supports "a special tax on guns, such as on cigarettes." -- By 52-43%, a majority favors "a federal law banning the ownership of all -viii- handguns, except those given permission by a court of law." - By 47-45%, a plurality oppose "a federal ban on all handguns, except those given permission by a court of law, and a buy-back of all handguns from present owners at a price of $200 for each handgun a person turns in." Observation: With the sole exception of a $200 buy-back of existing handguns by the federal govemment, all of the eight remaining proposals met with clear majority support. The Brady Bill, which has had trouble becoming law in previous administrations, now is supported by the President and, if legislative intent is to reflect public opinion at all, then it should now pass Congress. Nearly all groups favor eight out of the nine proposals. The most far-reaching proposal, of course, is that which calls for a ban on the sale of all handguns, except those authorized by court order. A clear majority of 52-43% favors such action. Indeed, this study indicates a mandate for control of handguns well beyond that seriously put forth in Washington up to now. The Political Balance on Gun Control Has Shifted When the people who favor or oppose banning the sale of all handguns, except for those with permission to have one by court order, are then asked if a candidate for major office were to take a stand which was contrary to their view about gun control, would they then be "certain to vote against that candidate," 21% of the American people say they would change their vote just on this issue alone. On most comparable issues, between 10% and 15% report having their vote influenced by an issue. The number affected by the gun issue ranks among the most sizable today. Nineteen percent of those opposed to banning the sale of handguns say they would vote against a candidate who favored such a ban. However, a larger 25% of those who favor such a ban say they would vote against a candidate who opposed the ban. This is unusual, since over the years whenever a comparable measure has been taken, the anti-gun control proponents have always been far more vehement in threatening political retribution to those who oppose NRA positions. Now this pattern seems to have been reversed. -ix- Thus, out of the total 21% of potential voters who are affected by this issue in their vote, 13% of the entire public (62% of all those who say their vote could change by the gun control issue) would come down against an opponent of gun control, while 8% of the entire public (38% of all those whose vote could be affected by the issue) would cast their ballots against a pro-gun control candidate. This swing of five full percentage points could make a substantial difference of a net of 10 points in the outcome of a presidential or major Congressional contest. There are differences by key groups, with men more likely to take the anti-gun control position, but women are 3 to 1 on the side of the pro-gun control vote. Whites tend to be evenly divided in terms of the political impact of the issue, but blacks and Latinos, two groups deeply affected by violence and gunshot wounds among their young, come down 12 to 1 on the side of the pro-gun control side. Those with higher level of education are more pro-gun control, as are political moderates and liberals, and parents are 2 to 1 on the side of the pro-gun control group. On the other side, members of the NRA are virtually unanimous in support of the anti-gun control side, as are Republicans, gun owners, and high income people. However, conservatives come down 14% to 10% on the pro-gun control side. Women emerge from this study as perhaps a major force for passage of tough measures controlling and even outlawing handguns. There is every indication that they intend to translate into votes their concern that guns have been an important contributor to the aura of violence which now surrounds the life of children in America. Among those who say they certainly would vote against a candidate with whom they disagreed on outlawing handguns, men would give anti-gun control forces a two-point edge in the total vote. But this is more than offset by women who would give a 10-point edge in the total vote to the pro-gun control side. Thus, women would turn an even race into a clear eight-point victory for a pro-gun control candidate -- if that were one of the main issues in the election. -X- Observation: These results indicate that the political balance has now shifted on the gun control issue, away from the NRA position to a pro-gun control stance. Indeed, the result reported here is based on the 52-43% division in favor of a ban on the sale of handguns. If it were based on the how people feel about the Brady Bill which is supported by 9 out of 10 people, then the political impact of the pro and anti gun control division would be 6 to 1 on the side of the pro-gun control position. In light of these results, it is readily understood why in both New Jersey and Virginia, which formerly were viewed as anti-gun control states, tougher legislation controlling guns has recently been passed. Now, it seems that the prospect for legislating an end to the sale of handguns is a viable proposition. -xi- ANALYSIS Two Concems Converge: Violence and Neglect of Children As most Americans think back to when they were growing up, one of the most universal regrets is the pall of violence that has fallen on American life -- indeed, in every part of the globe. When asked to compare the situation today to "when they were growing up," 94% of the public say that there is "more violence in the streets of our cities," 91% "more violence in the schools," 61% "more violence in the home," and 45% "more violence in the work place." Then when asked how much "the availability of guns sold and bought have contributed to the violence," 61% nationwide say "a great deal" and another 20% say "somewhat." Those groups who feel most strongly about the relationship of guns and violence are women (90%), blacks (98%), Latinos (90%), and parents of children under 18 years of age (82%). However, even 41% of all National Rifle Association members say they believe guns have contributed to the aura of violence in today's environment. Generally, most of the American people feel that many of the problems they face have grown worse compared to when they were younger: -- 94% feel that "crime" has become worse as a problem over the years, up 14 points from the 80% who felt the same back in 1986. -- 84% believe the "problems affecting children" have "gotten worse" since when they were growing up, a rise of 10 points from the 74% who felt identically seven years ago. -- 68% feel that "unemployment" today is worse than when they were young, up sharply from 43% who felt that way back in 1986. -- 64% feel that "family life" has deteriorated from what they remember when they were young, up from 52% who shared that feeling in 1986. Vitally affected by the wave of violence that has permeated American society are children: -- Only 25% of the public believe that "most children live in safe neighborhoods," down from 36% who felt that way in 1986. A lower 21% of all parents of young people share this view. - No more than 29% of all adults feel that "most children are safe from violence in the schools," with a lower 24% of parents who feel identically. - Only 30% of the public is convinced that "most children live in homes safe from violence," a view shared by a lower 28% of parents. - No more than 39% of the public nationwide believe that "most children are physically safe going to and from school," with 38% of the parents of those children who agree. The consequences of this lack of safety people feel pervades nearly all parts of the lives of children: -- 93% believe there has been an increase in "teenagers being killed by guns." -- 92% say there has been an increase in "children shooting other children." -- 84% feel there has been an increase in "drug and alcohol abuse among children and teenagers." -- 76% say there has been an increase in "suicide among teenagers." - 76% also say there has been a rise in "sexual assault of children." -- 74% see an increase among young people of "injury or death from drunk driving." - 56% report an increase in "physical abuse of children by parents." Observation: The numbers who believe there has been an increase in acts of violence against children range between 56% and 93%. Indeed, the incidence of violence from guns in the lives of children leads the way, both in terms of teenagers being killed by guns and children shooting other -2- children. Violence results, however, only partly from criminal acts. It also exists as a condition of life within the home, within the family, within schools, and on the streets, when people visit violence upon others or themselves not necessarily with the intention of committing a crime. From the start, the evidence that guns are seen as a children's issue begins to mount. A Broader Perspective About Children Both in 1986 and again in this current survey, identical cross-sections of the American people were asked whether children now are better or worse off compared with when they were growing up: STATUS OF CHILDREN TODAY COMPARED TO WHEN PEOPLE WERE GROWING UP 1993 1986 % % Better 46 68 Worse 46 22 No real difference 5 9 Not sure 3 1 Clearly, over the past seven years, there has been an appreciable decline of 22% of the American people who are convinced that the lot of children has grown worse. This concern is further reflected in that fully 76% of the public is convinced that "we spend too little effort on problems affecting children," up from a comparable 63% who felt that way back in 1986. The number who feel that "most children in America get medical treatment when needed" has declined sharply from 58% to a current 35%. Only 33% of all parents feel that most children today get proper medical care. Only 42% feel that "most children are basically happy," down from 48% seven years ago. Among parents, a still lower 39% feel most kids in America are "basically happy." -3- An Agenda for Children The American people strongly support a broad agenda of action to help children. At a time when spending more government money is not popular generally, nonetheless, sizable majorities want to spend more for children: -- A majority of 76% wants the government to "spend more on free medical care for poor children," compared with only 3% who want to spend less and 18% who say "spend the same amount as now." A larger 84% of parents share this view. -- A majority of 73% nationwide wants the government to "spend more money on immunization of children," with a somewhat higher 76% of parents feeling this way. -- A 68% majority also supports the government "spending more money on job training for teenagers," a view shared by a higher 74% of all parents. -- A 66% majority of the American people also wants government "to spend more money on prenatal care for poor women," with a higher 72% of the parents taking that view. Observation: At a time when it is widely believed that the American people are unwilling to see more government spending for the disadvantaged, these results indicate such claims may well be without basis. Even higher majorities support specific govemment-sponsored programs designed to help children of many ages: -- 91% of all adults and 93% of all parents approve of the government "providing health coverage for children of families who cannot get health insurance." -- 80% of all adults and 84% of all parents support the government "providing day care services for children of working mothers, including those on welfare." -- 68% of the entire adult public and 73% of all parents support the government "providing birth control services for teenagers." Observation: This is a powerful and broad mandate for the agenda on -4- children to take a high priority in American life. Despite these sizable majorities who want to see specific help given to children, the public feels relatively little has been done. The people point a finger of blame squarely at a whole roster of institutions which come up with relatively low marks on what they have done for children. Over the past seven years, every institution tested has shown a decline in public confidence in what it has done for children. Government is the recipient of some of the most negative ratings: RATING HOW KEY INSTITUTIONS AND GROUPS HAVE DONE IN MEETING RESPONSIBILITIES TO CHILDREN 1993 1986 Posi- Nega- Not Posi- Nega- Not tive tive Sure tive tive Sure % % % % % % Churches 51 40 9 53 42 5 Community Organizations 47 47 6 50 47 3 Schools 39 59 2 43 56 1 Parents 37 59 4 43 55 2 The Healthcare System 28 67 5 X X X The Media 27 68 5 X X X Local Government 25 72 3 34 65 1 Federal Government 20 76 4 28 69 3 Only churches are able to command majority support in terms of their efforts to meet their responsibilities to children. Community organizations have some reservoir of good will, but they are not without their critics. Parents have slipped in the confidence levels accorded them by the public, with parents themselves rating fellow parents 61-36% negative. The healthcare system is widely criticized, as is the media. Questions about these two institutions were asked for the first time this year. Bringing up the rear is the federal government, which ranks below local government, which in turn comes in next to last. -5- Observation: These results clearly point up that the American people in 1993 are in a no-nonsense mood about putting children and their problems high on the list of national priorities. They are upset and angry at what they feel has been the inattention of major institutions to children's needs. Easing or eliminating the pall of violence that hangs heavy over young people certainly ranks toward the top of priorities when it comes to children's problems. There is a deep sense of collective national guilt about the way children have been treated in nearly every way. But there is a special poignancy and urgency about the public's feelings on children and guns. Guns and Children's Safety and Peace of Mind Awareness of Guns As a Threat to Children's Security By 77-19%, a sizable majority of the American people says it is convinced that "young people's safety is endangered by there being so many guns around these days." This feeling runs higher in the East and the South than in other regions, among women more than men, among blacks and Latinos more than whites, among better educated more than less well educated people. It should be noted that a 58-35% majority of all those who own a gun share this view, although a 57-34% majority of NRA members do not. Observation: By over a 3-1 margin, there is clearly widespread concern in the nation that the pervasiveness of guns is a danger to young people and their health. Levels of Impact of the Issue of Guns and Children's Health A comparable 79-19% majority feels that the problem of guns is serious "in the country." This drops to a 59-40% majority who feels this way about guns in their own town or city. It is only a slightly lower 57-41% majority who feels that guns are a serious problem on the streets at night in their own town or city. Just below this level, a 54-43% majority feel that guns are a serious problem on the streets where kids have to go to school. Further down the list, cited by 42% are those who feel guns are a serious problem in the schools where they live. Another -6- 36% say that guns are a serious problem in the lives of children they know. And, finally, 30% report that guns are a serious problem in their own neighborhood. Among parents, this overall pattem is generally repeated. However, a higher 39% of all parents say guns are a serious problem in the lives of children they know. The two groups which demonstrate the greatest apprehension over guns are blacks and Latinos. Sizable majorities of blacks, ranging from 61% to 85% on the questions asked are worried about guns as a serious problem at all levels of their existence and consciousness. Majorities of Latinos share the same worries, except in their own neighborhood, where 40% express concem about guns. This is still 10 points above the national norm. Clearly, the problem of guns is greatest in those areas visited by the most poverty. Observation: While sizable majorities agree that guns are a serious threat to the health and safety of children, this general concem becomes somewhat less intense as it narrows down to their own towns and cities and their own neighborhoods and their own children. Nevertheless, majorities agree that guns are a serious problem in their own town or city and certainly on their streets at night. Significantly, just under half feel that guns are a distinct threat in the schools where they live. And roughly one in three adults feels guns are a threat to children they know and live around or with. A higher percentage of parents professes to find the threat of guns higher than adults generally feel. The Impact of Guns on Children's Behavior When asked to assess the impact of the availability of guns and the resulting violence on "children they know," on three key dimensions majorities of the public nationwide say the impact has been heavy: -- A 63-32% majority say that guns "have made children they know more concerned about their safety getting to and from school." A 61-37% majority of all parents agrees with this assessment. -- By 62-33%, a majority of the public across the nation feels that the presence of -7- guns has made "children they know more concerned about their safety in school". A 62-36% majority of parents feels the same. -- By 58-34%, a majority of the public feels that the threat of guns have made "children they know more inclined to act tougher to protect their own safety." A higher 60-38% majority of parents shares this assessment about their own children. -- Significant minorities feel other effects on children they know: 46% of the public and 47% of the parents feel guns have made children they know "more worried about the daily threat to their physical safety"; 33% of the public and an equal 33% of parents say guns have made children close to them "less eager to go to school every day;" Another 33% of both the public and parents also report that among children they know, guns have made it "more difficult for them to pay attention to learning in the schools". And 27% of the public and 28% of parents say that guns have made children close to them "less inclined to play outside." In the end, fully 78% of the public and 80% of the parents acknowledge that such concems as these about children's physical safety have caused children to alter their lives, with fully 28% reporting that their lives and lifestyles have been "seriously altered." Observation: The problem of guns is now seen as a concern for children when they contemplate getting to and from school and when they are in school. This concern has also caused a majority to observe that children have been forced to take a tougher posture "to protect their own safety." Significant minorities also say young people they know or their own children worry about the physical threat to their safety from guns on a daily basis, that the problem makes them less eager to go to school, and makes it more difficult for them to concentrate on their work in school. All in all, there is a sense of unease and discomfort among the public and parents about the threat of guns on the lives of young people that they never felt when they were growing up. -8- Guns as a Children's Health Issue Compared to Other Crisis Issues To put the issue of guns into a broader context, the survey asked the cross-section how guns as a "problem of endangering children's health and well-being" compared with five other widely acknowledged problems facing young people today: -- 68% feel that the dangers from guns are "as serious" or "more serious" than the use of alcohol to young people. -- 67% feel that the dangers from guns are "as serious" or "more serious" than teenage pregnancy. -- 65% feel that the dangers from guns are "as serious" or "more serious" than the threat of drugs. -- 62% feel that the dangers from guns are "as serious" or "more serious" than AIDS to young people. -- 59% feel that the dangers from guns are "as serious" or "more serious" than car crashes. Among parents, the majorities who feel this way range from 61% to 72%, higher than the public as a whole. Observation: By any measure, there is little doubt from these results that the problem of guns as a children's health issue ranks right up there alongside of drugs and alcohol, AIDS, teenage pregnancy, and car crashes. All, of course, represent serious threats to the physical well-being of young people. Clearly guns as a children's health issue must be added to this list of hazards for children in modern society. Reaction to Five Key Facts About Guns and Children The survey next presented five facts furnished by the American Academy of Pediatrics and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention to the cross-section and asked each person interviewed how accurate each statement was. Then, people were told that all were -9- accurate, and we asked whether that knowledge made them feel the problem of guns and young people was "a matter of urgency to them" or not: -- 83% feel that the statement that "gunshot wounds to children aged 16 and under has nearly doubled in major urban areas between 1987 and 1990" is true. A higher 86% say that these facts make them feel that the problem of guns and young people is "an urgent matter." -- 76% feel that the statement that "since 1985, the rate of dying from a gunshot injury has increased 77% for teenagers 15 to 19 years of age" is correct. And 87% of all adults say that makes them feel more urgently about the issue of guns and young people. -- 56% feel this statement is accurate: "Among teenagers 15 to 19 years of age, one in four deaths come from gunshot injury." A substantial 82% of all adults say that makes them feel more urgency about guns and children. -- 53% feel this statement is accurate: "The total cost of doctors treating gunshot wounds in the United States is over $14 billion a year." Some 81% adults say this fact makes them feel a greater sense of urgency about guns and young people. -- 53% also believe this statement to be true: "In 1988, one in every six pediatricians treated a young person who was the victim of a gunshot wound." A sizable 82% say this fact makes them feel more urgently about the problem of guns and children. Personal Family Experiences with Gun Injuries and Deaths In order to get some assessment of the personal impact of the gun issue on American families, the cross-section of adults was asked a series of highly specific questions about the impact which guns might have had on them or "someone else you know." -10- Here is the incidence of each: -- 18% of all adults and 20% of all parents report having had or knowing someone who had "a child who was wounded or killed by another child who had a gun." Among blacks, 30% know such a case, while among Latinos, the number is 16%. -- 15% of all adults and 19% of all parents report knowing "a child who was so worried that he or she got a gun for self-protection." Among blacks, a higher 33% reported the same information, as did 22% of Latinos. -- 14% of all adults and 16% of all parents report "a child who was found playing with a gun that was loaded." Among blacks, 20% report such a happening, while a lower 13% of Latinos know such a case. -- 13% of all adults and 14% of all parents report knowing "a child who was wounded or killed by an adult with a gun." Among blacks, 23% report knowing such a child, while among Latinos, 11% have had a similar experience. -- 12% of all adults and 15% of all parents report knowing "a child who accidently shot himself or herself with a gun." Among blacks, 17% know such a child, while among Latinos 13% say they know such a case. -- 12% of all adults and 14% of parents say they know "a child who asked for a gun for his or her own protection." Among blacks, 25% report having had this experience, while among Latinos 22% say they know such a child. Observation: While only minorities of adults and parents have been directly affected by a child of theirs or a neighbors who has been wounded or killed by a gun, or who has asked to possess a gun, or has been found playing with a loaded gun, or has wounded or killed other children with a gun, or been wounded or killed by an adult with a gun, the numbers are at the 1 in 8 to 1 in 6 levels nationwide. Among minorities, the penetration of such tragic and frightening experiences is higher. While at present far less than majorities have been directly affected by guns, knowledge of the danger of guns has caused a majority of adults and parents to become apprehensive about guns as a threat to children's health. -11- Parental Advice to Their Children on Personal Threats Those who are parents were asked what advice they would give their children if they were confronted with the threat of violence against them: -- Fully 32% say that "if someone hits their children first, then they would tell their children to hit back." A more sizable 60% would not give this advice. Among the public as a whole, 35% would tell young people to hit back. Among blacks, 52% would tell their children to strike back, among whites 35% would say that, among Latinos only 15% would advise this course for their children, among those who own a gun a higher 42% would tell them to hit back, as would 44% of NRA members. -- Among parents, 39% say they would tell their children "if someone attacked them, they should defend themselves, even if this means using a weapon." A lower 35% of the total public shares this view. Among blacks, a much lower 24% would advise their children to use a weapon. A higher 35% of Latinos would tell them to use a weapon, as would 36% of whites, 42% of those who now own guns, and 62% of NRA members. However, pluralities or majorities of all groups, except those in the NRA would recommend against children acquiring weapons to defend themselves. -- By 94% to 2%, a majority of the public, parents, and all groups would not agree that "if children were in a physical fight, they would be safer if they had a knife." -- And a comparable 96% to 3% of parents and 96% to 2% of the public would also not agree that "if children were in a physical fight, they would be safer if they had a handgun." Observation: A clear majority of both the public and parents of young children in America would recommend against their offspring reacting violently to an attack from someone else. However, roughly one in three would recommend some kind of response, such as hitting the other person or even using an unspecified weapon. A child using a knife or a gun is rejected by adults. NRA members are most inclined to have children use weapons. -12- The Perceived Dangers of Possessing Handguns There is widespread recognition of the fact that possession of handguns can lead to some unforeseen and even tragic problems: -- An 88% to 10% majority is concerned that "people often forget to put the safety latch on guns around the house, and sometimes leave them loaded, which causes many accidental injuries or even death." This concem is also expressed by 81% of all handgun owners. -- By 87% to 10%, another sizable majority is concemed that "small guns that many women obtain because they are easier to use are mistaken by children as toy guns which they play with and injure themselves with." An 81% to 16% majority of handgun owners agree with this worry. -- By 85% to 13%, another big majority expresses concem that "a common cause of injury or death among family members, especially children, results from their either cleaning or playing around with a gun." Among handgun owners, a 73-24% majority agrees with this concern. -- By 78% to 20%, most Americans are concerned that "when people's homes are broken into and they own a gun, the intruder might take the gun away from the owner and shoot him or her." A 61% to 38% majority of handgun owners agrees that this is a worrisome matter. Observation: It is evident that the possibility of injury or even death that can result from having handguns around the home is widely understood by the public. The assumption that possession of handguns is a preventive approach to one's own home security is tempered by the caveat that possession of guns can be a hazard to families who own them. -13- LEGISLATIVE AND OTHER REMEDIES TO CONTROL THE PROBLEMS RELATED TO OWNING HANDGUNS Attitudes Toward Regulation and Even Abolition of Handgun Ownership In all, in this study nine major propositions for controlling or outlawing handgun ownership were tested among the cross-section of the adult American public. The overwhelming preponderance of public opinion favors constraining or outlawing handgun ownership: -- An 89% to 9% majority favors "passage of the Brady Bill, which would require a seven-day waiting period for all handgun purchases, so that the authorities can check on who is buying a handgun." -- An 82% to 15% majority also favors "a federal law requiring that all handguns people own be registered by federal authorities." This is up slightly from a 78-20% majority who supported such universal registration in 1989. -- A 72% to 26% majority would favor "making it illegal to carry a handgun outside the home without having a special permit." -- By 70% to 26%, a majority also favors "a federal law prohibiting the carrying of handguns across state lines, unless a person has court permission to do so." -- By 63% to 31%, a majority favors "a federal law banning the sale of all automatic and semi-automatic guns." -- By 62% to 34%, a majority would favor "a special tax on guns, such as on cigarettes." -- By 52% to 43%, a majority would also support "a federal law banning the ownership of all handguns, except those given permission by a court of law." -- A 47% to 45% plurality opposes "a federal ban on all handguns, except those given permission by a court of law and a buy-back of all handguns from present owners at a price -14- of $200 for each handgun a person tums in." Statistically, of course, this last proposition ends in a dead heat. While the numbers supporting the various proposals tested range from 45% to 89%, there are distinct patterns among key groups for support or opposition: -- Not surprisingly, the strongest opposition is registered by members of the National Rifle Association, followed by those who are owners of handguns. As the number who own guns has gone down from 45% to 42%, so, too, has the number who say they are members of the NRA -- down from 14% to 7% since 1987. NRA members support the Brady Bill by 68% to 32%, federal registration of all handguns by 59% to 40%, and limiting gun purchases to one a month by 49% to 47%, but oppose all of the other six proposals tested. -- Gun owners, however, show a different pattern. They support the Brady Bill, the federal registration of handguns, the limit on gun purchases to one a month, a federal law prohibiting the carrying of guns across state lines, and a federal law banning carrying a gun outside the home without a special permit. Handgun owners have an identical pattern as all gun owners. -- Conservatives favor eight out of the nine proposals tested, including a handgun ban, demurring only on the banning of all handguns coupled with the purchase of handguns for $200. -- Republicans favor seven out of nine proposals, but object to any total ban on handguns. A substantial number of groups favor all nine proposals: -- Women favor all of the proposals by an average margin of 10 points higher than the nation as a whole. -- Those with a postgraduate degree favor all nine of the proposals by an average -15- six points higher than the national average. -- Blacks and Latinos also favor all nine of the constraints on guns by an average eight points higher than the nation generally. -- Also favoring all nine propositions are parents of children under 18, young people between 18 and 30, the elderly 65 and over, residents in the East, and those with a high school education or less. Observation: Among the American people, it is evident that support for constraining the purchase, ownership, and right to carry handguns is deep and widespread. The Brady Bill which has had difficulty being enacted into law is nearly unanimously backed by the public. It is unusual for a poll to record such uniformly high levels of agreement as in the endorsement by the American people on those measures to crack down on handgun ownership. Nearly all groups want to see 8 of the 9 proposals become the law of the land. The one exception is placing a ban on ownership of all handguns, except those permitted by court order, when coupled with a buy back of all handguns from current owners at a price of $200 for each. The public splits down the middle on this issue, with 47% opposed and 45% in favor. However, a straight-out ban on the ownership of handguns, except for those given permission to own them by court order, does meet with favor by a 52-43% majority. Obviously, the gap between the relatively narrow and bland Brady Bill, calling for a seven-day waiting period before a purchase of a handgun can be completed, favored by 89% of the public and a complete ban of handgun ownership, favored by 52%, is substantial. However, an outright ban of handguns has not been widely talked about or advocated up to now. It is not overdrawing the implications of these results to conclude that if presidential and congressional support were to shape up behind a total ban of handguns, except as allowed by court order, then the majority favoring such a ban seems certain to grow. Coupling a handgun ban with a buy back of guns clearly is a new idea to most Americans. When all handgun owners are asked directly what they would do if the government offered to buy back their guns at $200 each, only 26% say they would, but a much higher 67% say they would not. The main reasons cited by those with handguns is that they want their guns so they can "use them for recreational purposes," "they need them for their own protection," and they feel they have "a constitutional right to own a -16- gun." However, these results indicate that a wide array of options for constraining the ownership and use of handguns will meet with high levels of agreement from the American people themselves and even, in many cases, by a majority of gun owners. What is more, this is not a passively-held view, but one that is deeply and urgently felt. Women: A Major Force for Outlawing Handguns A major finding in this study is the enormous gap that exists between the attitudes and behavior of women and men. Men tend to be far more satisfied with the status quo on guns, while women feel strongly that handguns must be controlled or even outlawed. Here are some key differences between women and men: -- A nearly unanimous 86% of all women feel that "children's safety is endangered by so many guns being around these days." A much lower 66% of men share this view. But the gender gap on this observation is 20 points. -- A substantial 43% of all men say they would advise "a child of mine to defend him or herself if attacked, even if that means using a weapon," compared with a much lower 28% of women -- a gap of 15 points. -- While 34% of women report that there is a gun in their household, a much higher 51% of men report such a possession - a gap of 17 points. -- Compared with a bare majority of women gun owners (52%) who say they "feel more secure owning a gun," a much higher 66% of all men report feeling more secure in owning a gun -- a gap of 14 points. - When asked if there were a law banning handgun ownership, would they be willing to turn in their handgun for a payment of $200 from the government, 18% of men gunowners say they would do it, but a much higher 37% of women gunowners believe they would turn in their guns -- a gap of 19 points. -17- -- When asked how they felt about banning the sale of all handguns, 61% of women and a lower 42% of men favored such a law - a gap of 19 points. Observation: By any measure, women and men are widely apart from each other on the threat of guns to society generally and to children in particular. Women see handguns as a major cause of violence and feel their widespread presence jeopardizes the safety of children. Contrary to some claims, women own far fewer guns than men and are far more willing to turn in their guns, if offered $200 to do SO. Women also conclude by a margin of two to one that they support legislation which would ban all hand guns. Certainly women are a leading edge among the American public for dealing strongly with what they view as the high risk of widespread ownership of handguns. The Political Impact of Women on the Gun Control Issue When those who favor or oppose outlawing handguns are asked if they would vote against someone whom they might otherwise vote for if that candidate took a position on gun control opposite their own, women and part company completely. Twenty-two percent of men say their vote would be affected by the gun issue: 12% would vote against a candidate who opted for outlawing handguns, while 10% would vote against someone who would refuse to outlaw handguns. Among women, 20% say their vote would be affected by the gun issue: 15% say they would vote against a candidate who did not favor outlawing the sale of handguns, while only 5% would vote against a candidate who opted for the status quo. Thus, among women there would be a swing in an election of a full 10 points in favor of a candidate who wanted to legislate a ban on handgun sale and ownership. By contrast, a relatively small 2% swing of men would vote for a candidate who opposes changes in the laws governing gun ownership. This means that by 53- 46%, a narrow majority of men who oppose a ban on the sale of handguns say they would come down against any candidate who favors such a crack-down on ownership of handguns. By contrast, a 76-23% majority of women would vote against a candidate who refused to outlaw handguns. Observation: The net impact of the gun issue on men is close to a stand- -18- off, with the anti-gun control group outvoting the pro-gun control group by a bare two points. By contrast, a significant 10-point margin separates those women who are pro-gun control and those who are anti-gun control. This means that the net political advantage among the pro-control group is eight points. The implication is that if gun control were to be a major issue in a nationwide election, the pro-gun control group could convert a dead-heat standing for a candidate into an 8-point margin of victory for the gun control candidate. Patterns of Gun Ownership In the United States The number of households reporting ownership of a gun has declined slightly from 45% in 1989 to a current 42% of all homes. This translates into 40 million American homes which possess a firearm. Almost two in every three households with a gun possess a handgun, coming to 25 million homes. The number owning handguns has remained constant, despite the slight drop in overall gun ownership. The median number of handguns in each gun-owning household is 1.95. This translates into 49 million handguns owned by the American people. A total of 26% of all households report owning a shot-gun and only a slightly lower 25% own a rifle. Those with shot-guns average 1.87 such guns in their possession, while rifle owners own a higher 2.28 per household. The pattern on handgun ownership by key groups in the population shows that such ownership is more prevalent among residents of the West, among men, those aged 50 to 64, whites, those with less education, political moderates and conservatives, Republicans and independents, and NRA members (93% of whom own a handgun). When asked what motivates them to own a gun, 69% say "as a recreation weapon for shooting practice or as a collector's item," 60% answer "to protect my family and myself against intruders," 54% "as a means of protection in my home," 44% "as a means of making me feel more secure," 17% "to carry on my person in certain situations," and 11% "in connection with my occupation." -19- Clearly, self-protection is a main motive for owning a gun in America in 1993, in spite of the earlier admissions by gun owners and others that guns in their own right can be dangerous and hazardous to possess and to keep around the house. Fifty-nine percent of all gun owners say they "feel more secure in owning a gun." Among the 44% of the parents of children under 18 who own a gun, only 43% say they keep their gun under lock and key in a gun cabinet or drawer. One in four, 24%, keep their gun in a closet, 9% in an unlocked drawer of a desk or dresser, 2% on a bedside table, and 3% on the floor under the bed. Another 26% have another, unspecified place they keep their guns. A substantial 20% of all gun owners say they sometimes leave their gun loaded and locked for "ready use," while 13% of such owners keep their gun loaded and unlocked "for ready use." The number of parents who leave loaded guns around is a much lower 6%. But 25% of all gun owners and a higher 28% of parents of young children report that they sometimes carry a gun on their person when outside their home. -20- 1 REMARKS OF LOUIS HARRIS PRESS CONFERENCE GUNS AND CHILDREN JUNE 3rd, 1993 IN THIS STUDY I BELIEVE WE HAVE UNCOVERED AN EXTRAORDINARY CHANGE IN PUBLIC OPINION ON WHAT SHOULD BE DONE ABOUT HANDGUNS IN AMERICA IN PLANNING THIS STUDY, WE HAD WONDERED IF THE UNEXPECTED PASSAGE OF GUN CONTROL LEGISLATION IN BOTH VIRGINIA AND NEW JERSEY, TWO STATES WHICH HAD BEEN MAJOR SUPPLIERS OF HANDGUNS FOR NEW YORK CITY AND WASHINGTON, D.C.WERE HARBINGERS OF A SEA CHANGE IN PUBLIC ATIITUDES. WE ALSO EXPLORED THE IMPACT OF RISING GUN VIOLENCE ON YOUNG PEOPLE. FOR THE FIRST TIME, WE MEASURED PUBLIC REACTION TO FACTS GENERATED BY THE CENTERS FOR DISEASE CONTROL AND THE AMERICAN ACADEMY OF PEDIATRICS. THESE INCLUDE THE FACT THAT "AMONG TEENAGERS 15 TO 19 YEARS OF AGE, ONE IN FOUR DEATHS COME FROM GUNSHOT WOUNDS." AND OVER A THREE YEAR PERIOD, "GUNSHOT WOUNDS TO CHILDREN AGED 16 AND UNDER NEARLY DOUBLED IN MAJOR URBAN AREAS." AND THAT THE LIFETIME COSTS OF GUNSHOT INJURIES IN THE U.S. IS $14 BILLION A YEAR." THE RESULTS ARE DECISIVE. THEY SHOW THAT ON CONTROLLING HANDGUNS, THE AMERICAN PEOPLE WANT LEGISLATION FAR MORE DRASTIC THAN ANY SERIOUSLY CONSIDERED UP TO NOW BY CONGRESS. FOR EXAMPLE, THE BRADY BILL HAS HAD GREAT DIFFICULTY PASSING CONGRESS AND BECOMING LAW. A NEARLY UNANIMOUS 9 IN 10 FAVOR IT, INCLUDING A 2 TO 1 MAJORITY OF NRA MEMBERS. NOW FOR THE FIRST TIME, A MAJORITY FAVOR OUTLAWING THE SALE OF ALL HANDGUNS, A FAR 2 MORE DRASTIC REMEDY. MAJORITIES SAY GUNS ARE A MAJOR CAUSE OF THE RISE OF VIOLENCE IN AMERICA.AND CHILDREN HAVE BEEN AMONG THE CHIEF VICTIMS. IN THE FUTURE, THE ISSUE OF CONTROLLING GUNS WILL NO LONGER BE REGARDED SOLELY OR EVEN PRIMARILY AS A CRIMINAL PROBLEM, BUT AS A HIGHLY SERIOUS THREAT TO THE BASIC HEALTH OF THE NATION'S CHILDREN. MOST AMERICANS FEEL STRONGLY THAT THE WORLD THAT YOUNG PEOPLE TODAY ARE CONFRONTED WITH IS A RADICALLY DIFFERENT WORLD FROM WHAT IT WAS WHEN THEY WERE GROWING UP. FOR EXAMPLE, OVER 9 IN 10 SAY THERE HAS BEEN A SHARP RISE IN "TEENAGERS BEING KILLED BY GUNS," AND IN "CHILDREN SHOOTING OTHER CHILDREN." 3 IN 4 ARE DISTURBED BY "ALCOHOL AND DRUG ABUSE AMONG CHILDREN," THE RISE OF "SUICIDES AMONG YOUNG PEOPLE," "SEXUAL ASSAULTS OF YOUNG PEOPLE," AND "INJURY OR DEATH AMONG YOUNG PEOPLE FROM DRUNKEN DRIVING." THE CONSEQUENCES ARE NOT HARD TO FIND. ONLY 25% FEEL "MOST KIDS LIVE IN SAFE NEIGHBORHOODS,' ONLY 29% THAT "MOST CHILDREN ARE SAFE FROM VIOLENCE," NO MORE THAN 30% SAY THAT "MOST YOUNG PEOPLE LIVE IN HOMES SAFE FROM VIOLENCE," AND ONLY 39% FEEL THAT "MOST CHILDREN ARE PHYSICALLY SAFE GOING TO AND FROM SCHOOL." COMPARED WITH 1986, THE NUMBER WHO BELIEVE "CHILDREN TODAY ARE BETTER OFF THAN WHEN THEY WERE GROWING UP" HAS DROPPED FROM 68% TO 46%. THE NUMBER WHO THINK "PROBLEMS AFFECTING YOUNG PEOPLE HAVE GROWN WORSE" HAS RISEN 10 POINTS TO 84%. 8 IN 10 CONCLUDE THAT A ROOT CAUSE IS THE FACT THAT "THE AVAILABILITY OF GUN AND THE INCREASE IN GUNS HAVE CONTRIBUTED TO THE VIOLENCE." A NEARLY UNANIMOUS 92% OF PARENTS SAY "THERE IS MORE VIOLENCE IN 3 THE SCHOOLS THAN WHEN THEY WERE GROWING UP. "THUS, A 77-19% MAJORITY CONCLUDES, "YOUNG PEOPLE'S SAFETY IS ENDANGERED BY THERE BEING so MANY GUNS AROUND THESE DAYS." 79% SEE THE "PROBLEM OF GUNS AS SERIOUS," ON THE STREETS WHERE THEY LIVE, ON THE STREETS WHERE KIDS GO TO SCHOOL, AND IN THE SCHOOLS IN THEIR NEIGHBORHOODS. THUS, OVER 6 IN 10 PARENTS REPORT THAT THE PRESENCE OF GUNS HAS DRASTICALLY CHANGED THEIR CHILDREN'S LIVES: THEY ARE ABSORBED WITH THEIR SAFETY IN SCHOOL, ON THE STREETS GOING TO AND FROM SCHOOL." CHILDREN HAVE HAD TO WORRY ABOUT HOW TOUGH THEY HAVE TO BE TO PROTECT THEIR OWN SAFETY. A BOTTOM LINE: 1 IN 3 KIDS, THEY REPORT, ARE "LESS EAGER TO GO TO SCHOOL EVERY DAY," AND "IT IS MORE DIFFICULT TO PAY ATTENTION TO LEARNING IN SCHOOL," AND OVER 1 IN 4 "ARE LESS INCLINED TO PLAY OUTSIDE." 1 IN 5 PARENTS KNOW A CHILD so WORRIED THAT "HE OR SHE GOT A GUN FOR THEIR OWN PROTECTION." 1 IN 7 SAY THEY KNOW A CHILD "WANTS A GUN FOR HIS OR HER PROTECTION." 1 IN 6 KNOW CASES OF CHILDREN "FOUND PLAYING WITH GUNS THAT WERE LOADED," AND AN IDENTICAL 1 IN 6 KNOWS A CHILD "WHO ACCIDENTALLY SHOT HIMSELF OR HERSELF WITH A GUN," AND 1 IN 5 KNOWS A CHILD "WHO WAS WOUNDED OR KILLED BY ANOTHER CHILD WITH A GUN." FACTS SUCH AS THOSE CITED BY THE CDC AND THE AMERICAN ACADEMY OF PEDIATRICS MAKE PEOPLE FEEL MORE URGENTLY THAT IMMEDIATE ACTION IS NEEDED. IN THE MEANTIME, A SUBSTANTIAL 4 IN 10 SAY THEY WOULD TELL CHILDREN WHO WERE ATTACKED TO "DEFEND THEMSELVES, EVEN IF IT MEANS USING A WEAPON." MOST NRA MEMBERS WOULD URGE THEIR CHILDREN TO USE A WEAPON. HOWEVER, IT SHOULD BE NOTED THAT THE NUMBER IN THE ADULT 4 POPULATION WHO HAVE SOMEONE IN THEIR HOME WHO IS A MEMBER OF THE NRA HAS DWINDLED FROM 14% IN 1987 TO A CURRENT 7%. WHEN PRESSED ONLY 2% OF ALL PARENTS THINK THEIR KIDS WOULD BE SAFER IF THEY HAD GUNS. THE REMEDIES PEOPLE SEEK ARE FAR-REACHING. AS I REPORTED AT THE BEGINNING, AN 89-9% MAJORITY SUPPORTS THE BRADY BILL. AN 82-15% MAJORITY WANTS FEDERAL REGISTRATION OF ALL HANDGUNS. BY 72-26%, MOST WANT IT MADE ILLEGAL "TO CARRY A HANDGUN OUTSIDE THE HOME WITHOUT A SPECIAL PERMIT." BY 70-26%, MOST SUPPORT "A LAW PROHIBITING THE CARRYING OF HANDGUNS ACROSS STATE LINES, UNLESS GIVEN PERMISSION BY COURT ORDER" BY 67-28%, A MAJORITY ALSO FAVORS "LIMITING THE PURCHASE OF GUNS BY ANY ONE PERSON TO ONE A MONTH." BY 62-34%, A MAJORITY BACKS "A SPECIAL TAX ON GUNS, SUCH AS THAT ON CIGARETTES." A 52-43% MAJORITY FAVORS "A FEDERAL LAW BANNING OWNERSHIP OF ALL HANDGUNS, EXCEPT BY COURT PERMISSION." ONE PROPOSITION WE TESTED FAILED TO GET MAJORITY SUPPORT:"A FEDERAL BAN ON ALL HANDGUNS, EXCEPT THOSE GIVEN PERMISSION BY A COURT, AND A BUY-BACK OF ALL HANDGUNS FROM PRESENT OWNERS AT A PRICE OF $200 FOR EACH HANDGUN A PERSON TURNS IN." THE BUY-BACK IDEA HAS NOT RECEIVED MUCH ATTENTION AND YET 46% FAVOR IT AND 47% OPPOSE IT. A HIGHLY SIGNIFICANT DIMENSION TO THIS STUDY IS THAT IT DID NOT SIMPLY TEST A WHOLE HOST OF PROPOSALS OF WHAT MIGHT BE DONE ABOUT GUN CONTROL WE WENT MUCH FURTHER. AS YOU KNOW, THE ENTIRE HISTORY OF GUN CONTROL HAS BEEN MARKED BY A PHENOMENON, WHICH THE CONGRESS HAS BEEN IMPRESSED BY: WHILE MAJORITIES OF A RATHER DORMANT PUBLIC MIGHT FAVOR STIFF GUN CONTROL, THE NRA AND THE GUN-OWNING 5 CONSTITUENCY APPEARS TO BE so ACTIVATED THAT IT WILL PUNISH ANY MEMBER WHO VOTES FOR TOUGH CONTROLS. WELL, LET ME REPORT TO YOU THAT A MAJOR SHIFT HAS TAKEN PLACE IN THE POLITICAL BALANCE ON GUN CONTROL. WE ASKED THOSE WHO FAVOR OR OPPOSE OUTLAWING HANDGUN OWNERSHIP: IF A CANDIDATE FOR HIGH OFFICE WITH WHOM YOU AGREED ON NEARLY ALL ISSUES WERE TO TAKE A POSITION ON GUN CONTROL YOU DIDN'T AGREE WITH, WOULD YOU CERTAINLY VOTE AGAINST THAT CANDIDATE, PROBABLY VOTE AGAINST, PROBABLY NOT, OR CERTAINLY NOT VOTE AGAINST THAT CANDIDATE. WE COUNT ONLY THOSE WHO SAY THEY CERTAINLY WOULD VOTE AGAINST SUCH A CANDIDATE. ALL TOGETHER, 21% SAY THEIR VOTE COULD CHANGE ON THE BASIS OF THIS SINGLE ISSUE. THIS IS HIGHER THAN THE AVERAGE OF ABOUT 12% WHOSE VOTE CAN CHANGE OVER AN ISSUE. HERE ARE THE RESULTS: 19% OF THOSE OPPOSED TO A BAN ON GUN OWNERSHIP SAY THEY WOULD VOTE AGAINST A CANDIDATE WHO FAVORED OUTLAWING HANDGUNS. BUT A HIGHER 25% OF THOSE WHO FAVOR A BAN ON HANDGUN OWNERSHIP WOULD VOTE AGAINST A CANDIDATE WHO OPPOSED SUCH A MEASURE. THIS IS A REVERSAL OF PREVIOUS POLLS IN THE PAST, WHICH HAVE SHOWN THE ANTI-GUN CONTROL GROUP MORE LIKELY TO VOTE AGAINST THEIR OPPONENTS. TRANSLATED INTO VOTES, THIS MEANS THAT A 62-38% MAJORITY OF THE AFFECTED VOTE WILL COME DOWN FOR A HANDGUN BAN. THEY WILL VOTE AGAINST A CANDIDATE WHO OPPOSES SUCH A BAN. IN TERMS OF THE TOTAL ELECTORATE, IT MEANS THAT THE ISSUE OF BANNING HANDGUNS WOULD YIELD 13% OF THE VOTE GOING AGAINST AN ANTI-GUN CONTROL CANDIDATE AND 8% WHO WOULD VOTE AGAINST A CANDIDATE WHO SUPPORTED 6 A BAN ON HANDGUNS. THIS IS A NET SWING OF 5 FULL POINTS. IN OTHER WORDS, IT COULD TURN A DEAD HEAT INTO A 10 POINT LEAD FOR THE CANDIDATE SUPPORTING A BAN ON HANDGUNS. IF THE SAME FORMULA WERE APPLIED TO THE BRADY BILL, THE DIVISION WOULD BE 18-3% OR A 15 POINT SWING AGAINST THOSE WHO WOULD OPPOSE THAT BILL. BY ANY MEASURE, THE AMERICAN PEOPLE ARE DEEPLY DISTURBED BY THE THREAT OF GUNS TO SOCIETY, BUT MOST PARTICULARLY UPON THE HEALTH AND SAFETY OF CHILDREN. THEY ARE PLAYING FOR KEEPS, MARK THAT WELL. AND WHAT HAPPENED IN NEW JERSEY AND VIRGINIA IS MILD COMPARED TO WHAT THEY ARE LOOKING FOR NATIONALLY. BY KEY GROUPS, WHITES TEND TO BE MORE DIVIDED, WHILE BLACKS AND LATINOS ARE OVERWHELMINGLY FOR TOUGH CONTROLS. ALSO ARRAYED ON THE PRO-CONTROL SIDE ARE THOSE WHO ARE BEST EDUCATED, POLITICAL MODERATES AND LIBERALS, PARENTS, AND WOMEN. ON THE OTHER SIDE ARE MEMBERS OF THE NRA, MORE REPUBLICANS, GUN OWNERS, AND HIGH INCOME PEOPLE. CONSERVATIVES COME DOWN ON THE PRO-GUN CONTROL SIDE BY 58- 42%. WOMEN EMERGE AS A MAJOR FORCE FOR GUN CONTROL. WOMEN ARE FAR MORE WORRIED ABOUT THE IMPACT ON CHILDREN AND FEEL MUCH MORE URGENTLY ABOUT BANNING HANDGUNS. POLITICALLY, THE WOMEN'S VOTE COULD BE DECISIVE OVER THIS ISSUE ALONE. THESE RESULTS WOULD SUGGEST THAT GUN CONTROL HAS NOW PASSED FROM AN ISSUE THAT SHARPLY DIVIDED AMERICA TO ONE WHERE A NEW CONSENSUS HAS ARISEN. NO SMALL PART OF THE REASON IS THE FACT THAT PEOPLE NOW ASSOCIATE THE ISSUE WITH THE WELLBEING OF THEIR CHILDREN. GUNS ARE so PERVASIVE, MOST BELIEVE, THAT THEY ARE A MAJOR CONTRIBUTOR 7 TO THE PALL OF VIOLENCE IN SOCIETY, ESPECIALLY IN THE LIVES OF CHILDREN. AS A NATION, AS OUR SURVEY INDICATES, WE SUFFER A DEEP SENSE OF GUILT ABOUT THE NEGLECT OF OUR CHILDREN. IT IS PATENTLY CLEAR FROM THIS STUDY THAT THE TIME HAS COME TO ADDRESS THE PROBLEMS OF CHILDREN FRONTALLY, AND THE IMPACT OF GUNS ON THEIR LIVES APPEARS TO BE THE ISSUE THAT WILL LEAD THE WAY FOR A LASTING CHANGE IN THE SECURITY AND STATUS OF CHILDREN IN AMERICAN SOCIETY. 12/13/93 04:34 202 690 7595 HHS OFF OF SEC 002 December 13, 1993 POINTS FOR PRESIDENT'S ANTIVIOLENCE PROGRAM (Peter Edelman and Phil Heymann) 1. Enact the crime bill (especially community policing) 2. Next steps on guns (whatever the President decides to propose -- the details here as far as our working group is concerned are separate and apart from the study on registration and licensing which is being done by a separate ATF-Justice group and is expected to take a considerable period of time. our list of options will cover assault weapons, juvenile possession, ammunition, and technology to make guns safer, among other things.) 3. Media (President announces he is inviting leaders of all the media -- networks, cable, filmmakers, record companies, video toys -- to White House for meeting to discuss what they can do. This obviously needs careful honing of list of requests and knowledge of how they are going to respond. Jody Greenstone indicates that separate activity is under way on this, timed to fit with the industry's need to respond to Senator Paul Simon's early January deadline.) 4. Neighborhood and community-wide antiviolence coalitions (These are absolutely key to the President's call to take our cities back block by block and neighborhood by neighborhood. They are developing on their own in many communities. We have worked with Denver and Omaha, but seven cities in Texas have action plans for crime prevention connected to broad-based coalition building, and cities like San Diego and Seattle have done their own city-wide task forces. Fort Worth says it has reduced crime in all categories by 25 to 30 percent by the totality of its activities. Could say U.S. Attorneys will lead federal team to draw on federal expertise to help in any city that wants it. Could also propose modest federal cash assistance on a formula basis to statos and major cities as "glue" to start up and staff the coalitions. Major message point here: everyone has to take responsibility.) 5. Drug and alcohol policy, including both law onforcement and treatment/prevention (This goes here because drugs and alcohol are so closely interwoven with so much of the violence. There will be a new hard-core drug and alcohol abuser treatment initiative in the FY 95 budget and there is a significant criminal justice drug treatment portion of the crime bill. We will coordinate this with Lee Brown's staff so that it reinforces the drug policy strategy that he is developing.) 6. Federal law enforcement activities to prosecute and assist local prosecution of violent crime: -- At local level, define the problem, inventory federal and local prosecution and investigative resources, and develop joint anti- violence strategy. Use integrated force of federal investigators (FBT, DEA, and Customs) to work with local law enforcement. 12/13/93 04:35 202 690 7595 HHS OFF OF SEC 003 -- Design federal role as part of the locally determined strategy, based on special advantages of the various federal tools available to assist. -- Coordinate and share intelligence among federal' and local law enforcement agencies. -- Create new Violent Crime Section in Criminal Division to support training, help in the field, racilitate coordination and share intelligence and ideas. 7. Juvenile Justice (recommendations primarily for state and local action on both the law enforcement side for violent crime and on the alternatives side for minor offenders) 8. Safe schools (Enact the Safe Schools Act and the Safe and Drug- Free schools and Communities Act portion of the Elementary and Secondary Act reauthorization) 9. Million Mentors Initiative (Get a million mentors out there with young people -- there are perhaps 150,000 to 200,000 now by rough cstimates, so this is a reasonable aim. This is prototypical reinventing government. Doing good mentorship programs is neither simple nor free. It requires careful organization to recruit, screen, train, supervise, monitor, support, and provide logistical assistance for mentors. Could propose small grant program to states to distribute as they think most wise. Leverage would be multiplied many times over, because the heart of the effort would be private action.) 10. Turn schools into community centers and enact "Ounce of Prevention" program in crime bill (Would enable nonprofit organizations, colleges, and others to work with schools within neighborhoods to reach "at risk" youth with after-school, evening, and summer academic enrichment and recreation, with lots of adult role models to create meaningful adult relationships for kids who so often lack them, and organized activities to connect youth to labor market. Call for enactment of Ounce of Prevention (Dodd) and Bradley-Danforth-Domenici amendments in crime bill to do these things. Major message point here: There is a tendency to send the message that all youth or all youth in certain categories are threats. All youth have strengths and we need to build on them even as we punish those who engage in violence. Need to treat youth as assets, not collections of problems.) 11. Massive public education - re guns as dangerous consumer products - re "time out" or "squash it" to appeal to kids to settle disputes nonviolently - re real men don't heat women - re underage drinking (fund Centers for Disease Control to work with private sector to develop messages) 2 12/13/93 04:35 202 690 7595 HHS OFF OF SEC 004 12. Use national service to get full-time volunteers into violence reduction and prevention activities. (Mention in State of Union that Summer of service in 1994 will be Summer of Safety and call on everyone involved at grass-roots and on up to make violence reduction a priority in implementation of the program.) 13. Get prosecutors and police and social service people to cooperate in each community to implement tough domestic violence arrest and prosecution protocols and safe places for battered women and children to go (Enact Violence Against Women Act provisions in crime bill. Message point: there is a continuity of violence. What children see and experience at home reflects itself all too often in their later behavior.) 14. New hate crimes legislation 15. Strengthen families and parenting skills (Implement recently enacted Family Preservation legislation) 16. Strengthen neighborhoods via the Empowerment Zones (already enacted) 17. Promote jobs and opportunity and hope for young people (This is a missing piece at present, especially for young men, since we will concentrate some effort on young women via welfare reform -- we need some kind of youth employment initiative as part of Job Training Partnership Act reorientation, concentration of resources within national service, or connected to Bill Galston's zero to three year old initiative. Bob Reich tells me he has a $5 billion idea to revive the CCC -- not bad if we could find the money.) 18. Cut red tape for localities, develop improved on-line computerized information about federal resources, new resource guides and how-to manuals about promising activities to reduce violence. NOTE: Martin Luther King's birthday would be a good time to do something or things to dramatize all of the above -- possibly a speech or lead a march against violence or go to Lincoln Memorial or meet with kids and talk about Dr. King or some combination. 3 MEMORANDUM TO: Nancy Hernreich Pam Barnett FROM: Anne Bartley MB DATE: November 29, 1993 RE: North Carolinians for Gun Control Enclosed is a letter and materials from Lisa Price for the President and Mrs. Clinton describing the North Carolinians for Gun Control, a statewide educational lobbying organization she helped found. Lisa Price is the wife of Congressman David Price of the 4th District of North Carolina. 106 Collums Road Chapel Hill, NC 27514 November 19, 1993 Ms. Ann Bartley OEOB Room 100 Washington, DC 20500 Dear Ann: Will you see that this gets to President and Mrs. Clinton. Thanks very much. Sincerely, Lisa Price Lisa Price -Pan Barnett -Nancy Hernreich 106 Collums Road Chapel Hill, NC 27514 919/967-7862 President and Mrs. William Clinton The White House 1600 Pennsylvania Avenue Washington, DC 20500 Dear President and Mrs. Clinton: Congratulations on the NAFTA victory! I write to tell you how extremely pleased many of us are about your leadership in the terrible problem of gun violence. We were thrilled at the reception to President Clinton's remarks about gun control when he spoke at the October 12 UNC Bicentennial. In August I helped start a statewide educational and lobbying organization, North Carolinians for Gun Control, and we have met with enthusiastic and growing support. Members include William Friday, Dean Smith and a number of elected officials. We keep in close touch with Handgun Control, Inc. Enclosed are newspaper clippings, our basic letter, and some of our statements. If there is anything North Carolinians for Gun Control can do to help you work for strict, effective national gun control please let me know. Thank you for your outstanding leadership in today's major issues. Nothing is more important, I think, than reducing violence in America. Sincerely, Lisa Price Lisa Price Enclosures Greensbero EDITORIALS Greensboro Mainstream campaign News Record takes aim at handguns 10-15-93 Raleigh There's no reason to leave the de- getting things accomplished in the right way. bate to those with extreme views. This week, the group met with a coalition of religious leaders representing 40 denomi- nations as a means of seeking ideas on ways The Dean's other 'deal' 10/17/9 N+O The good news about gun control in North to to accomplish the mission of reducing Carolina is that more solid citizens are get- violence from guns. Already the head of a efore he signed a lucrative those courageous folks who bring ting concerned and involved. police organization representing 4,300 offi- Part of the problem with past efforts at cers has asked to become part of the effort. B deal with Nike, which has passion to the cause but can't slowing down the proliferation of handguns gotten him a lot of attention match the National Rifle Associa- Next week the group will sponsor a confer- is that too many people speaking out were on lately, UNC Tar Heel Coach tion in money or visibility. It's quite ence on problems of violence. The speaker the fringe, those who feel all guns should be will be Sarah Brady, the spouse of former Dean Smith put his pen on some- another to stand in the ring with a banned and those who feel no restrictions Ronald Reagan press secretary Jim Brady, thing more important - a personal fellow of Smith's reputation and should apply. These hardened positions who was grievously wounded with a pistol check for an organization that is fame. haven't left much room for compromise or during an attempt on Reagan's life. promoting responsible gun control A Tar Heeler hereabouts won- relief from the problem. The group of about 100 people came to- in North Carolina. This-is only the ders, in fact, what might happen if But that may be changing. There's a new gether after a single mailing to 300 North latest gesture from the coach and Smith told the next gathering of the gun control group coming together that Carolinians, asking for support. That solicita- his wife, Dr. Linnea Smith, in Rams Club that he wanted gur seems to represent a reasonable approach to tion came about after three concerned citi- support of good and thoughtful finding solutions without going to extremes. zens in Chapel Hill began talking about the control or he might take off for causes. Given who some of the leaders of the North growing problem of gun violence in their UCLA. One suspects the Rams Carolinians for Gun Control are, we're en- neighborhoods and after watching lobbyists North Carolinians for Gun Control would call a special session of the couraged about the chances of success. And for gun enthusiasts continue to get their way qualifies as both. It is the state's General Assembly, and arrange foi by success, we mean reducing the number of in legislative halls without much opposition guns floating around the streets in the hands first organized gun control lobby a blank bill which Smith could fill ir from the other side. NCGC so far operates of people who shouldn't have them. and includes, besides the Smiths, however he liked. essentially off the kitchen tables of the found- Among the members of the NCGC are ers and out of a post office box in Chapel Hill. UNC system President Emeritus Seriously, of course, Smith's par- William Friday, retired president of the Uni- But it has raised $3,100 toward the goal of Bill Friday and his wife, Ida, and ticipation is important in drawing versity of North Carolina system; UNC bas- hiring someone to create higher visibility. Lisa Price, wife of 4th District Rep. attention to this campaign. Gun ketball coach Dean Smith; Lisa Price, wife of The early success of NCGC seems to sup- David Price. All these folks add control advocates always seem to U.S. David Price; and Collins Kilburn, execu- port what public opinion polls continue to brainpower and strength to the tive director of the N.C. Council of Churches. start strong in the General Assem- show: that more people with more clout are effort to stem the dangerous spread These aren't fringe loonies as the National willing to stand up and say enough already of bly, but, in the face of heavy of guns in society in general and Rifle Association likes to call anyone who the wanton killings from with handguns and opposition from big-money lobby- favors control of handguns. this area specifically. assault rifles. The group's presence is a ists, the issue fades by session's But they are people who are astute at welcome sign. The gun lobby must not like this a end. bit. It's one thing to battle what Maybe now it will be different. they would call the "usual Dean Smith's teams are never suspects" in the gun control fight inclined to fade. Front Page Raleigh News + Observer N+O State 93 gun-control group gathering force, welcoming Sarah Brady 10-12 BY JANE STANCILL North Carolinians for Gun Con- massive membership drive. where a jogger was gunned down leaders of the gun control move- on a legislative agenda. We expect STARP WRITER trol has attracted 140 members This week, board members will in July, touching off the gun ment say. them to be serious players." CHAPEL HILL - The debate about from across the state some of meet with a coalition of religious control debate in Chapel Hill. "They've got leaders who are them political heavyweights like leaders. On Oct. the Members of the group that gun control in Chapel Hill is William Friday, former president The talk of tougher gun laws politically astute and know how to started with three women in Cha- nearly three months old, and so lence; its Insymote - also has been fueled by a steep get things done," said Susan of the UNC system, and Lisa pel Hill say they're taking their far it's been a shouting match, rise in the number of gun-related Whitmore, a spokesman for the cause across North Carolina. with gun entbusiasts making most Price, wife of U.S. Rep. David Sarah Brady, head of Handout crimies in Chapel HAM in the past national advocacy group Handgun Price, D-N.C. "It's on people's minds like of the noise. Control 1 at former few years - from seven incidents Control, which has provided some never before," said board mem- And that's without trying hard: Reagan James The group put at one mailing of Brady, She will speak m Guy B. in 1988 to os Incidents guidance for the local group. But now a citizens group that ber Collins Kilburn, executive "Although they've just gotten supports stricter gun laws is 300 letters and has not launched Phillips Middle just a few The group's early started, they've had some strong quistly marahaling its forces. an advertising compaign or a hundred yards Trbes the spot ments are impressive, pational early meetings. They're working SEE GUN CONTROL, PAGE 6A GUN CONTROL together a realition of dosens of National Rifle Association mem- educational, religious, health and bers, the group came out in full CONTINUED FROM PAGE 1A business groups that support gun force at Chapel Hill's public hear- control legislation. ing. director of the N.C. Council of Price said she hopes NCGC will Now, it too is setting its sights Churches. "For a long time polls be able to assemble the same kind on statewide membership drives, have indicated a majority of of backing. fund-raising and lobbying. citizens want firmer restrictions So far, the group has attracted Andrew Bare, one of the found- on guns in society, but we haven't ministers, lawyers, community ers of the group, said he was not been organized enough to counter activists, a Carrboro town official, prepared to release current mem- the NRA and the pro-gun lobby. at least one school board member barship numbers or the amount of The time is right for us to get our and a nationally known retired money raised so far. act together." university president. "We hope to have everything in Lisa Price, a founding member, Friday, who led the University order," be said. "We do have a said the group plans to be up and of North Carolina system for 30 substantial membership." running by the beginning of the years, was one of the group's first Bare said he isn't worried about General Assembly's short session members. He said be found a the emergence of gun control in May 1994. It hopes to have a growing support for the idea of advocates. substantial statewide member- gun control in his travels. "They don't concern us at all," ship by the 1995 regular session. "The people I have heard across he said. "It's a small minority She said NCGC may consult the state are very energized by considering the majority of North with groups that have made in- this," he said. "I'm interested in a Carolinians who have firearms in roads in other states, like the serious, rational discussion. It's their homes." powerful Marylanders Against time for everyone to sit down Price said she's aware her Handgun Abuse, a 5,000-member together and work out a policy group will have a formidable group that a few years ago suc- and stop the name-calling and, adversary. But that's not daunt- cessfully defended a law restrict- most of all, stop the killing. ing. she said. ing so-called Saturday night spe- Meanwhile, the N.C. Constitu- cials, a type of cheap pistol. tion Defense Association is work- "We're not trying to take them The Maryland group, which ing out policies of its own. Com- on," she said. "We're doing what started a decade ago, has put posed of gun enthusiasts and we think is best for society." Statement for Gun Control Public Hearing, Nov. 4, 1993 I want to speak, for myself and as a member of NCGC, in support of the proposed new gun control ordinance. Many of us have been distressed for years at the staggering level of gun violence in the United States. No other modern industrialized nation comes anywhere near ours in the role of firearms in accidents, domestic disputes, suicides or homicides. There are many underlying reasons for violence, such as poverty, joblessness, family breakdown, alcohol and drugs, anger and despair. Other countries have these problems, too, but they do not tolerate and glorify firearms as we do. Nations like Great Britain, Sweden, Canada, Australia and Switzerland have strict licensing and registration for handguns. What many of us envision for the United States is a climate which does not tolerate violence and enacts laws which control the manufacture, distribution, possession and use of deadly weapons. We also want to see the underlying causes of violence greatly reduced and a criminal justice system which keeps violent people away from society. A NC municipality is very limited, as you know, in what it can do to limit guns. I am very appreciative of what Chapel Hill is proposing to do, given this limitation, to "promote the health, safety, and welfare of citizens" by adding a new firearm ordinance. I am also pleased with other efforts our town-- local government, private citizens, schools, agencies, and companies-- are making to reduce violence: increasing the number of police officers; providing a civilian security force; increasing lighting; having a Town violent crime and drug abuse program; considering a gun buy-back program; encouraging non-violent conflict resolution; and supporting social programs which alleviate the causes of violence. Chapel Hill has long been a model of an attractive, civilized, friendly town. I hope it will become a model, too, of a town that will not tolerate violence. I hope that other NC areas will copy our gun laws and ways of discouraging violence. I also hope that the NC General Assembly will pass new statewide legislation. They have the power to enact such laws as: ban assault weapons, ban possession of handguns by youth through age 20 (rather than the present 17 and under), crack down on illegal gun dealers, license and register firearms, and limit the number of handguns one can purchase. They could also give metropolitan areas the power to enact the stricter gun control laws that most urban residents want. Lisa Price Dean Smith joins ranks of gun foes N+O 93 BY JANE STANCILL STAFF WRITER CHAPEL HILL - One of the most famous Tar Heels of all is lending his name and celebrity to the gun control movement in North Caro- lina. Dean Smith, head basketball coach at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, has joined a group called North Carolin- ians for Gun Control. He and his wife, Lin- nea, signed up and sent in a large contribu- Smith tion, according to Lisa Price, a board member for the group. "They contributed generously," Price said. "I don't want to say how much." The Smiths could not be reached for comment Thursday. Three Chapel Hill women formed the statewide organization in September to seek tougher gun control laws. It is the state's first organized gun control lobby. Other well-known members in- clude former UNC President Wil- liam Friday and his wife, Ida, and Price, who is married to U.S. Rep. David Price, the Democrat who represents the 4th District. The Smiths have been social activists for years. In 1983, the coach appeared in statewide commercials calling for a nuclear freeze. The campaign was sponsored by the national Committee for a SANE Nuclear Policy. Letter published in the Raleigh newsand Observer 407 Elliott Road Chapel Hill, NC 27514 The People's Forum Nov, 1993 PO Box 191 Raleigh, NC 27602 Dear Editor: While we found October 24 article, "Reason to Fear," discussing Triangle violent crime, informative, we believe that an important factor in reducing crime was omitted. We agree that society must tackle problems of poverty, joblessness, despair, drugs and dysfunctional families; that we must try to rehabilitate criminals; and that the most violent must remain incarcerated. We also believe, however, that stricter gun control in another crucial step. The supply of guns to criminals can be reduced. Your article mentions that when authorities broke up a gun-running gang "suspected of putting 1200 firearms on the streets. shootings dropped dramatically and immediately." North Carolinians for Gun Control believes that tightening up regulation of gun dealers will drastically reduce crime. It is much too easy to become a gun dealer. Individuals over the age of 21 can get a 3-year federal license for $30 from the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco and Firearms. (In North Carolina there is an additional $50 fee). Because of the ATF's inadequate staff and loophole-ridden background check for felony convictions, many felons get licenses and sell weapons to criminals. About 75% are "kitchen-table" dealers doing business out of their own homes. President Clinton has directed the ATF to improve its procedures. Senator Simon has proposed that Congress limit license availa- bility to legitimate storefront operations by raising the fee to $2,500 and making sure that dealers have necessary local and state permits. Can our state and counties do something now about our unscrupulous dealers? Strict control of gun dealers is, we believe, a major part of controlling violent crime. Sincerely, Fran Weaner Fran Weaver North Carolinians for Gun Control 942-7265 106 Collums Road Chapel Hill, NC 27514 November 10, 1993 Editor, The Chapel Hill News 505 W. Franklin St. Chapel Hill, NC 27516 Dear Editor: I wish to clarify a misunderstanding which occurred in a November 7 article about the founders of North Carolinians for Gun Control. The only guns which NCGC seeks to have banned are assault weapons, which are designed for mass destruction. Last week NC Attorney General Michael Easley proposed such a ban. NCGC does not seek to ban handguns but rather to put further regulations on them. The United States has many laws controlling motor vehicles; surely something as dangerous as handguns should be strictly regulated. Polls have repeatedly shown that most Americans want more gun control. Health officials speak of an epidemic of gun violence in the US. No other modern industrialized nation comes near our country in the prevalence of firearms in homicides, suicides, domestic disputes or accidents. In regard to homicides, for example, handguns were used in 1990 to murder 22 people in Great Britain, 13 in Sweden, 68 in Canada, 10 in Australia, 91 in Switzerland-- and 10,567 in the United States. All of these other governments, unlike ours, have strict licensing and registration of handguns. NCGC believes that crime and other gun violence in America can be reduced by the enactment and enforcement of reasonable, strict handgun control laws. We support the proposed additional Chapel Hill gun control ordinance, the federal Brady Bill, and a ban on military-style assault weapons. As specific situations develop, NCGC will give its positions on other local, state and national gun control legislative and public policy proposals. Sincerely, Lisa Price Lisa Price NORTH CAROLINIANS FOR GUN CONTROL PO Box 9204 Chapel Hill, NC 27515 TO: Concerned Citizens of North Carolina FROM: Founders Board of Directors IF you are dismayed at the epidemic of gun violence in our country, IF you are horrified at the specter of guns in the hands of children, IF you want to join with other Americans who are taking a stand, Then join NORTH CAROLINIANS FOR GUN CONTROL and share our goal of making society safe from gun violence - whether by criminals, accidents, domestic disputes, or suicides - through public education and the enactment and enforcement of strict gun control laws. We shall work together to promote gun control legislation locally, regionally, statewide, and nationally. We acknowledge that there are many causes of violence in our communities, but we believe that gun control is an essential first step in reducing that violence. As a member of NORTH CAROLINIANS FOR GUN CONTROL, you will receive a newsletter informing you about gun violence and the legislative initiatives taking place in your community, our state, and across the nation. As a member of NORTH CAROLINIANS FOR GUN CONTROL, you will know when and how to send your messages on gun control to your elected officials. HERE IS HOW YOU CAN HELP TODAY: Become a member of NORTH CAROLINIANS FOR GUN CONTROL by sending a contribution and/or volunteering to work for its goals. Copy this letter and give it to friends. Encourage your civic, religious, business, educational, human service, or other group to join NCGC. I want to become a member of NORTH CAROLINIANS FOR GUN CONTROL. Name: Address: Phone Enclosed is my donation for $ I want to volunteer: You may use my/our name(s) in advertising or publicity. ] Yes [ ] No Make check payable to NCGC and mail to PO Box 9204, Chapel Hill, NC 27515 (Contributions to lobbying organizations are not tax-deductible) FAX COVER SHEET guns file LH RESEARCH Surveys by Louis Harris 1270 Avenue of the Americas New York, N.Y. 10020 Phone: 212-332-2950 Fax: 212-332-2932 TO: MRS. HICLARA CLINTON FROM: LOU HARRIS DATE: 05/01/93 RE: GUN STUDY NUMBER OF PAGES (Including Cover Page) 3 (If you do not receive all pages please call 212-332-2950) COMMENTS: HILLARY: THIS IS ANISSUE FAR BIGGERTHAN I THOUGHTX IT IS D MAJOR CHILDREN'S ISSVE x I AM C CONFIDENT DOLS WILL GO FOR IT, AS WILL MITIHPICA FOLEY. En LH RESEARCH Surveys by Louis Harris 1270 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS NEW YORK, N.Y. 10020 TEL.: 212-332-2950 LOUIS HARRIS, CHAIRMAN ROBERT F. WASHER, JR., VICE CHAIRMAN May 25, 1993 Mrs. Hillary Rodham Clinton The White House Washington, D.C. Dear Hillary, I think I have come upon an issue and a potential landmark event whose time has arrived and on which you and the President can play a crucial role in making reality for generations of children and their parents to come. This is the issue of guns and children's health. I have just finished a fascinating study of a cross- section of the American people on their views toward children generally and specifically toward guns and their impact upon young people today. A wonderful woman, Deborah Leff, President of the Joyce Foundation, whom you know, has commissioned the study. The final report is just now being completed and will be finally printed early next week. But the results will show that the country is ripe and ready for solid and substantial gun reform, not because of the reasons that those advocating such reform have put forth before. Instead, it will all happen because: a.) As a nation we have a terrible guilty conscience about the neglect of children that has taken place in this country; b.) Guns have become the leading killer of teenage boys white and black alike -- and gunshot wounds and deaths among young people 16 or less have increased 77% over a three year period; and c.) the NRA and the gun lobby are finally ready to be routed by an aroused electorate, as witness the recent surprising measures passed in both Virginia and New Jersey, states which had been the major suppliers of handguns to Washington, D.C. and New York, who both have tough anti-gun laws. I spoke with Bob Dole, whom I've known for a long time, yesterday about this issue, since Sen. John Chafee, one of the three GOP leaders in the Senate, has sponsored a bill to outlaw all handgun ownership in the country. While Bob spoke in confidence, he said that the way children have been victimized by guns is a national scandal and disgrace, and he thought he might well go along with Chafee on "real, tough anti-gun legislation for the first time." He did say he thought the Republicans in the Senate (of all people) might get the jump on this issue! His rationale: they need to show some compassion not just blind opposition. NOT AFFILIATED WITH LOUIS HARRIS AND ASSOCIATES Page Two My own view is that suddenly there is a coalescence on this issue, and the time to move is quickly now. I realize that you are totally immersed, as you should be, in the healthcare issue. But I also think there is a need for the country to come together on an issue that will not cost any money to pass, will not be victimized by gridlock, and which will make people believe that at last the leadership in Washington can get things done. I am sure that George Mitchell and Tom Foley would agree with this. I will be talking to both today on the phone. If you could spare a few minutes next Wednesday, Debby Leff and I will be in Washington preparing for a press conference on our report on Thursday, June 3rd, and we would like to have the chance to brief you on what we have found. I think you will find it exciting and the facts about attitudes toward children will particularly please you. The good part of it all is that once as a nation we break the ice and begin to do something for children, my judgment is that the next steps on that agenda will be much easier to achieve. Thanks for giving this consideration. Incidentally, I am not impressed by all the handwringing about recent events, and can see a few dramatic turnabouts such as this gun issue as restoring the deep underlying craving the American people have for a change toward a sense of real community and a caring for each other. We are sorely tired of attacking each other instead of our common problems. Warmly, hanttanns