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USDA [Department of Agriculture]/AmeriCorps - Clinton Library Copies - 1995 Application (for FY96) to the Corporation for National Service 11 [2]
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USDA [Department of Agriculture]/AmeriCorps - Clinton Library Copies - 1995 Application (for FY96) to the Corporation for National Service 11 [2]
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FOIA Number: 2013-0661-F
(3)
FOIA
MARKER
This is not a textual record. This is used as an
administrative marker by the William J. Clinton
Presidential Library Staff.
Collection/Record Group:
Clinton Presidential Records
Subgroup/Office of Origin:
Americorps
Series/Staff Member:
General Files
Subseries:
OA/ID Number:
24227
FolderID:
Folder Title:
USDA [Department of Agriculture]/AmeriCorps - Clinton Library Copies - 1995 Application (for FY
96) to the Corporation for National Service 11 [2]
Stack:
Row:
Section:
Shelf:
Position:
S
66
1
5
3
COASTAL TEXAS (Computer Code 95ENS007)
Applicant Name: USDA Soil Conservation Service Texas
Program Name: Coastal Shoreline Erosion Project
1. WHAT IS YOUR PROGRAMS MISSION STATEMENT?
To prevent shoreline erosion by planting native grasses
Each application must include statements of primary objectives in three areas: Community
Service, Community Building, and Participant Development. Please use a separate copy of this
form to describe your objectives in each are (i.e. Community Service, Community Building,
Participant Development). In the case of community service, also use a separate form for each
priority area, if you are working on more than one (i.e. education, environment, etc.)
THIS APPLIES TO: Community service
These are our three primary objectives:
(HOW MANY HOURS OF WORK? HOW MANY SPECIFIC PROJECTS COMPLETED?)
A.
Demonstrate to local landowners, organizations, and state and federal agencies an
alternative to traditional expensive shoreline erosion control measures through a vegetative
transplant method using smooth cordgrass which has been proven to effectively halt shoreline
erosion. (HOW MANY LANDOWNERS?)
B.
Promote awareness of shoreline erosion problems and solutions. (HOW MANY
ENVIRONMENTAL COURSES?)
C.
Test vegetative shoreline erosion control measures under different
shoreline and environmental conditions. (HOW MANY DIFFERENT TESTS?)
THIS APPLIES TO: Participant Development
These are our three primary objectives:
A.
Provide exposure to a range of career options that participants may aspire to.
B.
Enhance the ability of participants to work as team members and improve problem
solving skills.
C.
Enhance participant knowledge of their own environment, the problems and the
solutions.
THIS APPLIES TO: Community Benefits
These are our three primary objectives:
A.
Develop a relationship between the participants, the Texas community, and federal and
state agencies.
B.
Instill an ethic of commitment to the community and a willingness to invest in the
community.
C.
Develop a spirit of cooperation between people of diverse cultures.
TEXAS COASTAL SHORELINE EROSION PROJECT
Summary (one page)
The shoreline of the Texas Gulf Coast is eroding at an average annual rate of four feet
Shoreline erosion and the subsequent loss of wetlands vegetation is a major priority. Loss of
wetlands habitats and coastal erosion will continue unless low-cost effective measures are
developed and implemented for shoreline erosion control and habitat enhancement. Once
established, smooth cordgrass, Spartina alterniflora provides an effective means of shoreline
erosion protection. Several critical areas have been identified for shoreline erosion control
projects. These projects will provide students with education on marine habitat, need to protect
the marine environment, and how this issue relates to humans and public safety. (CHANGE
THIS SECTION TO STRESS "SERVICE" ELEMENT, NOT EDUCATIONAL ELEMENT?
) Materials to complete these projects are available, but having an adequate labor force is a
continuing problem. Approximately, twenty individuals could be utilized for this project.
This project will be administered by the USDA/Soil Conservation Service.
PARTNERS INCLUDE: Texas A&M University at Galveston, Galveston Bay Foundation,
Galveston Bay National Estuary Program, Resource Conservation and Development Areas, Soil
and Water Conservation Districts, Houston Lighting and Power, Port of Houston Authority,
Texas Parks and Wildlife, Texas General Land Office, U.S. Fish and Wildlife
National Marines and Fisheries. This project will directly tie to the Gulf of Mexico Program,
Galveston Bay National Estuary Program, Corpus Christi Bay National Estuary Program, and
the Coastal Zone Management Plan.
Needs To Be Met
The shoreline of the Texas Gulf Coast is eroding at an average annual rate of four feet
Shoreline erosion and the subsequent loss of wetlands vegetation is a major priority. Loss of
wetlands habitats and coastal erosion will continue unless low-cost effective measures are
developed and implemented for shoreline erosion control and habitat enhancement. Once
established, smooth cordgrass, Spartina alterniflora provides an effective means of shoreline
erosion protection. Several critical areas have been identified for shoreline erosion control
projects. These projects will provide students with education on marine habitat, need to protect
the marine environment, and how this issue relates to humans and public safety.
Coastal salt marshes are a very valuable resource. They serve as a nursery for over 90%
of coastal marine organisms in the Gulf of Mexico. Under favorable conditions, they will
produce more vegetation than almost any ecosystem on earth. The production will far exceed
the production of any intensive agricultural crop. Tidal marshes are also important in the
storage and assimilation of nutrients from the surrounding estuarine waters. They are also very
important in trapping sediment and reducing turbidity in runoff water. Marshes are important
in reducing flood control impacts by storing floodwater and releasing it slowly after peak flow.
In many situations, these coastal wetlands also stabilize shorelines and afford protection to
upland areas during storms by absorbing and dissipating wave energy.
Coastal wetlands in the Galveston Bay complex are rapidly disappearing. Channelization, salt
water intrusion, pollution, shoreline erosion, and the possible impact of sea level rise are
contributing factors to the loss of coastal wetlands habitats. Wetlands surveys conducted in
Galveston Bay between 1956 and 1979 indicate that approximately 25,000 acres or 16% of its
coastal marshes have been lost.
Transplanting vegetation to re-create lost wildlife habitat and mitigate impacts of shoreline
erosion has been used with success in Louisiana wetlands and in Galveston Bay.
Program Design
These projects will provide students with education on marine habitat, need to protect the
marine environment, and how this issue relates to humans and public safety. (CHANGE THIS
SECTION TO STRESS "SERVICE" ELEMENT, NOT EDUCATIONAL ELEMENT? )
Materials to complete these projects are available, but having an adequate labor force is a
continuing problem. Approximately, twenty individuals could be utilized for this project.
This project will be administered by the USDA/Soil Conservation Service.
PARTNERS INCLUDE:' Texas A&M University at Galveston, Galveston Bay Foundation,
Galveston Bay National Estuary Program, Resource Conservation and Development Areas, Soil
and Water Conservation Districts, Houston Lighting and Power, Port of Houston Authority
Texas Parks and Wildlife, Texas General Land Office, U.S. Fish and Wildlife
National Marines and Fisheries. This project will directly tie to the Gulf of Mexico Program,
Galveston Bay National Estuary Program, Corpus Christi Bay National Estuary Program, and
the Coastal Zone Management Plan.
Process:
A study of the Texas Gulf Coast identified shoreline erosion and wetlands loss as high priority
items. All partners in this study have worked together to identify areas that have critical
problems. Projects have been developed with input from all partners. Materials are available
but manpower is the limiting factor in implementing these project plans. Resource Conservation
and Development Areas have involved residents of communities whose livelihood is directly tied
to the Gulf of Mexico and the need to protect the fragile ecosystems. Each partner will be fully
involved in al phases of each identified project.
Design:
Wave Barrier Construction -- Prior to conducting transplanting efforts at all sites in the study,
an artificial wave barrier will be constructed approximately fifty feet from the mean high tide
elevation. Strips of used cargo parachutes and plastic barricade fencing materials will be
attached to three-inch diameter wooden fence posts. The installation of the wave barrier
protection increases the success for smooth cordgrass establishment. The barrier dissipates some
of the wave energy, thus protecting the cordgrass transplants until they are rooted and well-
established.
Single stems of smooth cordgrass will be transplanted between the natural shoreline and the wave
barrier in the intertidal zone.
All transplants will be spaced on three-foot centers. A planting unit consists of a single plug
containing from one to four culms.
Transplants obtained for the study are sprigs or plugs from native plants growing in the general
area. Transplant harvesting will be randomly spaced across the area to avoid damage to the
natural stand.
Fisheries Collection Methods
Fish and shell fish will be collected during this study using a 20-foot "common sense" minnow
seine with 1/8 inch mesh. Two 50 foot seine hauls periodically will be conducted at each site
adjacent to the transplant plots to determine initial species diversity and relative abundance. Fish
and shellfish collected at all sites will be identified, enumerated, and released.
Concept
Students will be utilized on numerous shoreline erosion control projects. They will also be
utilized for soil mapping of Gulf Coast counties. These 20 students will work as a work group
on erosion projects and will be split into groups of five for soil mapping parties. The Galveston
Bay National Estuary Program has recently completed their management plan and has submitted
it to the Governor of Texas for approval. Two priorities addressed in the plan include shoreline
erosion and wetlands loss. Students will be located at Baytown, Texas.
(NEED SPECIFICS ON CREW DESIGN, DAY-TODAY ACTIVITIES, SUPERVISION,
NUMBER OF SPECIFIC PROJECTS, AND NUMBER OF HOURS OF SERVICE?)
Participant Profile and Recruitment Strategy
(NEED SPECIFICS?)
Participant Benefits
(NEED SPECIFICS?)
Internal Evaluation and Monitoring Activities
(NEED SPECIFICS?)
Institutional and Personnel Information
(NEED SPECIFICS?)
1.
APPLICATION TITLE:
2.
LEGAL APPLICANT:
Contact Person's Name:
Address:
City, State, Zip:
Telephone, FAX:
Emergency Watershed Protection Recovery E4@fort
-Single Site
X Multi-Site
USDA Soil Conservation Service North Dakota
Ronnie L. Clark
P.O. Box 1458
Bismarck, ND 58502
701--250-4421/701-250-4778
Applicant's Congressional District
3.
INSTITUTIONAL INFORMATION
Federal
National Ncn-Profit
Professional
Multi-State
Aaency
organization
Corps Prog.
Program
Employer's ID Number: 720564834F
4. PRODICT DIRECTOR: Ronnie L. Clark
Organization's Name:
USDA Soil Ccnse--vation Se--vice North Dakota
Address:
P.O. Box 1458
Cityr State, Zip:
Bismarck, ND 58502
Telephone, F!Lv,:
701--250-4421/701-250-4770
5.
GRANT- TYPE:
Planning c
6.
is AND NATIONAL PR'.
7.
AREA(S) -.0 B Congress-'-ona--- Di. Congressional Dii
8.
PA.R-!C!?.AN-S: of F,,[email protected] Pa@.
Needing Educati
#of Participants n
# of their Ch4.ldre.
9. BUDGET:
Cor-pcra--;-on Funds R
YR2 YR3
Total Budget Amount
YR2 YR---
10. PRCG@14 OP@, Z.TES
in an area of need as identified by the Corporat4-cn? YES NO
Which one?
II-. PROJECT DURATION: Start Date
12. CEP.T!FI@CATI-ON:
End Date Number of Prcaram
8/2 = /'94
The applicant certifies to the best of his/her knowledge and belief that the data in th4-s
application are true and correct and that the filing of the arDI4-caL'ict has been dul-y
authorized by the governing body of the applicant and that the applicant will comidly with the
assurances required of applicants if the assistance is approved.
Date:
Name:
Title:
I
Applicant Name: USDA Soil Conservation Service North Dakota
Program Name: Emergency Watershed Protection Recovery Effort
1. WHAT IS YOUR PROGRAM'S MISSION STATEMENT?
The mission of this project is to ensure the people in Cass, Richland, Traill, Walsh, LaMoure,
Barnes, and McHenry Counties have a safe and healthy environment in which to work and live
in. The project must incorporate sound environmental planning and applicaitons, while
alleviating public safety hazards from flooding and achieving the local human needs.
Each application must include statements of primary objectives in three area: Community
Service, Community Building, and Participant Development. Please use a separate copy of
this form to describe your objectives in each are (i.e. Community Service, Community
Building, Participant Development). In the case of community service, also use a separate
form for each priority area, if you are working on more than one (i.e. education, environment,
etc.)
THIS APPLIES TO: community service
These are our three primary objectives:
A.
Locate and identify all eligible debris removal projects in the seven identified counties
and identify woody debris and vegetation to be removed.
B.
Locate potential debris disposal sites. and identify environmental and cultural resource
concerns at all debris removal sites.
C.
Assist with monitoring contract implementation, and ensure debris removal follows
interagency guidelines.
THIS APPLIES TO: Participant Development
These are our three primary objectives:
A.
B.
C.
THIS APPLIES TO:
community Building
These are our three primary objectives:
A.
B.
C.
EMERGENCY WATERSHED PROTECTION
RECOVERY EFFORT
Sponsored by:
USDA SOIL CONSERVATION SERVICE
BISMARCK. NORTH DAKOTA
SUMMARY
Due to the Flood of 9311, North Dakota received extensive flood damages to roads, bridges,
and culverts in the eastern half of the state. Most of these damages were a result of debris
(primarily native trees) and plugging rivers and streams. The debris caused excessive water
erosion in and around bridges and roads. Large pieces of debris hit bridges and culverts and
damaged them. Crops and cropland are also damaged when these flood events occur.
Debris caused water levels to fluctuate wildly and increased localized flooding to dwellings
and private property. Extensive debris caused hydrologic changes on streams and rivers
similar to ice jams. These situations were cause for considerable concern by county water
resource districts and the public situated near these water courses.
To alleviate these potential situations, the USDA Soil Conservation Service (SCS) in North
Dakota is proposing the use of the AmeriCorps Program to hire the necessary skilled people to
facilitate the "Flood of 93 11 recovery effort in Cass, Richland, Traill, Walsh, LaMours,
Barnes, and McHenry Counties of North Dakota. Cass, Richland, Traill, and Walsh Counties
are located in the Red River Valley of the North hydrologic basin. Barnes County is located
in the Sheyanne River Basin. McHenry County is located in the Souris River Basin.
LaMoure County is located in the James River Basin. Partners in completing this project are
the North Dakota State water Commission and the individual water resource districts from the
seven counties.
The proposal would require hirina two individuals, with forestry, biology, surveying,
engineering, or contracting skills to assist SCS personnel in completing the Emergency
Watershed Protection (EWP) recovery effort. The effort will focus primarily on the debris
removal of native woodland debris from streams and rivers in the affore mentioned counties.
These individuals could be recruited locally through North Dakota Job Service, collages,
universities, and trade Schools. Training would be received on-the-job, and if required,
through formal training courses. SCS projects engineers and district conservationists would
provide daily supervision.
Funding of these positions would provide employment and career opportunities to 1-3
individuals, while enabling the SCS to assist local units of government and individual property
owners in alleviating potential flood damages.
PROJECT NEEDS AND DESIGN
NEEDS TO BE MET
The proposed Americorps Project will meet to varying degrees all four of the national
priorities as outlined in the national service program. Funding of these positions will enable
local water resource districts to alleviate flooding hazards caused by the great Midwest flood
of 1993. Considerable debris, primarily native woody material needs to be cleared and
snagged from the Red River of the North
and eight of its major tributaries in order to curtail future flood events, as experienced in
1993. An estimated 500 river miles will require a reconnaissance survey to determine what
specific actions will be necessary to curb flooding problems. Human safety is a high priority
with local and state water resource groups.
This project involves a unique situation in which environmental concerns must be addressed.
All debris removal operations will be completed in an environmentally safe manner which will
retain the environmental benefits of woody species and riverine wetlands, while curbing
damaging flood waters. Protection of natural and human resources will be addressed during
this project using the National Environmental Policy Act.
Reduced flooding will protect soil resources from overland shoot flows. Prime farmlands,
which entail nearly half of the cropland in the project area, would be better protected from
flood events. Speciality crops, such as sugarbeets and potatoes which are grown throughout
the project area, would also benefit. Debris removal will also reduce the potential for severe
streambank erosion caused by outof-channel flooding.
The individuals hired will have a tremendous opportunity to acquire knowledge and skills in
the field of natural resource conservation. This opportunity could result in these individuals
pursing an education and career in natural resource conservation.
The local water resource districts have estimated 190 roads and 250 bridges and culverts
would benefit from Emergency Watershed Protection. An estimated 200 farmsteads, with
nearly 1,000 buildings, would benefit from reduced out-of-bank flooding. Twenty-one
communities would also benefit. Implementation of this project will benefit over 167,000
people in the seven counties.
PROCESS
The needs for the project were identified through preliminary reconnaissance of flood damaged
areas by the local SCS, water resource district, and soil conservation district offices in each of
the seven counties. These local officials contacted community leaders and individual residents
along the affected streams to
determine the potential severity or degree of flooding rivers and without debris removal.
The SCS works through the local water resource and soil Conservation district to provide
technical and financial assistance to individuals, groups, and units of government within their
counties. The SCS has been working with these two key units of government for over 50
years in addressing natural resource problems and opportunities.
During the year, the local water resource district will hire local contractors to remove and
dispose of the debris. The SCS will be responsible for the planning, contracting, and
implementation of the Project. The local soil conservation district will Provide limited
technical support.
PROJECT DESIGN
DESIGN:
The project is designed to complete a final inventory of rivers and streams in the Project area.
The inventory data will be evaluated to determine eligibility for EWP assistance and to
prioritize specific sites. The AmeriCorps participants would be involved in the inventory and
evaluation phases. Prioritized sites will be planned by SCS personnel for debris removal.
once planning is completed, the implementation phase will be initiated. The Americorps
participants would be utilized again in the construction inspection phase. This phase is critical
to the project's success and has an effect on future operation and maintenance of the project
area.
The project will be evaluated by the North Dakota SCS state engineer and his staff. Day-to-
day activities will be evaluated by the SCS project engineer assigned to the project site. The
project's success will be measured by the number of debris removal sites completed by
December 1, 1995.
CONCEPT:
The EWP program's primary objective is to assist in relieving imminent hazards to life and
property from floods and products of erosion created by natural disasters that cause sudden
impairment of watershed. The project's success centers around interagency cooperation
between the SCS, project sponsors, and project contractors.
The EWP program is administered by the SCS under authority provided in Section 216, Public
Law 81-516 and Section 403 of Title IV of the Agricultural Credit Act of 1978, Public Law
95334 - Emergency Conservation Program. The SCS state conservationist is responsible for
the administration of the
program within their respective state.
The SCS coordinates the EWP activities with the State Clearing House, Federal Emergency
Management Agency (FEMA), U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, U.S. Environmental Protection
Agency (EPA), U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, North Dakota State Game and Fish
Department, and other appropriate federal, state, and local units of government. The SCS
works with the Agricultural Conservation and Stabilization Service (ASCS) to implement the
Emergency Conservation Program.
SERVICING ACTIVITIES:
It is important that the Americorps participants be stationed in the SCS project office in West
Fargo, or the local field office in the county in which the project is located. The participant
will work closely with SCS personnel on a daily basis, and will need to work with the project
sponsors and private land users on a regular basis during field activities. The participant will
have an opportunity to use and improve their public relations and communication skill's when
working with these publics.
A typical work week for the program participants will involve working with other SCS
personnel in 1) inventorying and surveying existing debris in the river system, 2) identifying
individual trees that need to be cleared or snagged, 3) surveying disturbance areas for
contractor equipment, 4) identifying access points to complete the debris removal, and 5)
identifying disposal sites for debris materials. These field activities will require 85-90 percent
of the participant's time. The remainder of the participant's time will be spent attending
agency meetings and training sessions.
RELATION TO NEED:
The service activities of the participants will adequately address the identified needs of the
local sponsors and residents in the project area. Because the local people have input into the
planning and implementation phases of the project, all identified needs will be evaluated and
treated with alternatives determined to be economically, environmentally, and socially
acceptable.
PARTICIPANT TRAINING AND SUPPORT:
The participants will receive training through workshops and onthe-job training in woody and
other herbaceous cover types, land surveying, interpretation of aerial photos, soil survey maps,
and topographic maps. An awareness of project contracting will be achieved by working with
the project. The individual participant will be allowed to act independently on certain
activities once adequate skill levels have been attained. The participants will be directly
supervised by either the project engineer or district conservationist.
An overall awareness and understanding of the inter-relationship of environmental, economic,
and social concerns in project planning and implementation will be achieved. The participant
will be aware of the importance for inter-disciplinary planning to complete natural resource
projects. Knowledge and skills attained in planning and implementing this project will foster
positive natural resource values in the participants. The skills and knowledge acquired through
this project will provide placement of the participants in a natural resource career.
PARTICIPANT PLACEMENT AND SUPERVISION
The participants will work with the project office or local field office staffs initially. After
minimum skill levels are attained, the individual will work independently with just periodic
supervision and quality control overview. Participants will have tasks assigned that are
matched to their educational and previous work experiences.
The participants will be orientated to the EWP program, along with the roles of the SCS and
local sponsoring organizations in addressing the identified natural resource problems and
opportunities. The immediate supervisor for the participants will be the project engineer from
the West Fargo Project Office or the district conservationist in the county in which the project
is located. An Employee Development Plan (EDP) will be developed to assure skill and
knowledge levels are achieved to complete the assigned work tasks.
Atlanta Ecosystem Management (Computer Code 95ENS011)
X Single Site
-Multi-Site
USDA-Soil Conservation Service Georgia
James Ford
Federal Building, Box 13
Atlanta, GA 30601
404-546-2272/404-546-2145
Applicant's Congressional District: 4, 5
3.
INSTITUTIONAL INFORMATION
Federal
National Non-Profit
Professional
Multi-State
Agency
Organization
Corps Prog.
Program
Employer's ID Number: 720564834F
2.
LEGAL APPLICANT: Contact Person's Name:
Address:
City, State, Zip:
Telephone, FAX:
4. PROJECT DIRECTOR:
Organization's Name:
Address:
City, State, Zip:
Telephone, FAX:
5.
GRANT TYPE:operating
6.
ISSUE AREA:
Environment
AND NATIONAL PRIORITIES
Neighborhood Environment
Natural Environment
7. AREA(S) TO BE SERVED:
Urban
Congressional District of primary area served:
4,5
8.
PARTICIPANTS:
# Full-time Participants 20
# Needing Educational Awards: 20
# Participants needing childcare 3
# of their children needing 6
9. BUDGET:
Corporation Funds Requested
YR1 99,999,999
YR2 YR3
Total Budget Amount
YR1
YR2 YR3
10. PROGRAM OPERATES
in an area of need as identified by the Corporation? YES NO
Which one?
11.
PROJECT DURATION: Start Date
End Date Number of Program Terms
September 94-September 95
12. CERTIFICATION:
The applicant certifies to the best of his/her knowledge and belief that the data in this application
are true and correct and that the filing of the application has been duly authorized by the
governing body of the applicant and that the applicant will comply with the assurances required
of applicants if the assistance is approved.
Date:
Name:
Title:
Applicant Name: USDA - Soil Conservation Service Georgia
Program Name: Atlanta Ecosystem Management
1. WHAT IS YOUR PROGRAMS MISSION STATEMENT?
(NEED SPECIFICS ON HOURS OF SERVICE PERFORMED?)
To improve water quality in the metropolitan area and to increase public awareness of water
quality concerns and the benefits of using native vegetation to reduce pollution.
Each application must include statements of primary objectives in three area: Community Service,
Community Building, and Participant Development. Please use a separate copy of this form to
describe your objectives in each are (i.e. Community Service, Community Building, Participant
Development). In the case of community service, also use a separate form for each priority area,
if you are working on more than one (i.e. education, environment, etc.)
2. THIS PAGE APPLIES TO:
Community Service
3.
WHAT ARE YOUR ANNUAL OBJECTIVES IN THE AREA CHECK ABOVE?
List your three primary objectives:
(NEED SPECIFIC NUMBERS OF HOURS OF WORK?)
A.
Establish a source of available native plants to be used for stream restoration and land
reclamation and to restore stream segments to a natural state. (HOW MANY PLANTS?)
B.
Monitor Urban Streams to determine the environmental quality. (HOW MANY TESTS?)
C.
Educate all segments of the urban community on the value of a healthy
environment. (HOW MANY PEOPLE EDUCATED?)
THIS APPLIES TO: Participant Development
Our three primary objectives are:
A.
Provide technical skill development in the areas of landscaping, water quality and
environmental science outreach.
B.
Provide exposure to a range of career options that participants might aspire to.
C.
Enhance the ability of participants to work together on teams, identify problem areas and
cooperate in finding solutions. The skills they will gain will be valuable in the work setting and
in their personal lives.
THIS APPLIES TO: Community Building
Our three primary objectives are:
A.
Metropolitan Atlanta has been approved as a pilot city for an Urban Resource Partnership.
AmeriCorps will enhance the ability of this partnership to assist community groups and local
governments in solving natural resource problems.
B.
AmeriCorps participants will work in both rural and urban areas. This shared
responsibility will expand their view and appreciation in providing service to a diverse
community.
C.
This project will add to the Esprit de Corps of Atlanta as they enhance the environment
in preparation for the 1996 Summer Olympics.
Summary (one page)
The proposed project supports the public land and environmental objective of the
AmeriCorps program. Education and human resource enhancement will also be an integral part
of implementation of the program. The specific need is to improve water quality within the
metropolitan area. Our goal is to provide a metro-wide awareness of water quality concerns.
Through public education and demonstration projects, we will develop a long term program to
restore and maintain the stream corridor. Public education will be provided through public
institutions and on-site workshops. An added benefit to this project is to meet human needs by
exposing young adults to career opportunities in the natural resource field. Furthermore, the
community will gain an improved condition of natural resources.
The proposed target area covers public lands and streams in metropolitan Atlanta. An
inventory will be made on all streams in the area. The streams will be screened to determine
the priority for restoration. A plan will be developed to take corrective action. Concurrently
as streams are evaluated, educational activities and production of plant stock will be taking
place. Building on existing programs, the project will impact four program areas of the Soil
Conservation Service; (1) Installation of the plants will provide water quality protection for the
streams in Georgia; (2) Collection and propagating plants in rural Georgia with a potential of
creating markets will help stimulate some RC&D efforts; (3) Creating an educational awareness
of urban environmental issues will satisfy one objective in the Community Assistance Program;
and (4) The process of collecting and evaluating native plants will help carry out some of the
objectives of the Plant Materials Program. (NEED CLEARER EXPLANATION OF WHAT
PROGRAM WOULD DO?)
Needs To Be Met
The proposed project supports the public land and environmental objective of the
AmeriCorps program. Education and human resource enhancement will also be an integral part
of implementation of the program. The specific need is to improve water quality within the
metropolitan area. Our goal is to provide a metro-wide awareness of water quality concerns.
Through public education and demonstration projects, we will develop a long term program to
restore and maintain the stream corridor. Public education will be provided through public
institutions and on-site workshops. An added benefit to this project is to meet human needs by
exposing young adults to career opportunities in the natural resource field. Furthermore, the
community will gain an improved condition of natural resources.
The proposed target area covers public lands and streams in metropolitan Atlanta. An
inventory will be made on all streams in the area. The streams will be screened to determine
the priority for restoration. A plan will be developed to take corrective action. Concurrently
as streams are evaluated, educational activities and production of plant stock will be taking
place.
Twenty participants are needed. Key individuals are needed with experience in plant
science and education.
Georgia has a population of over six million people. Two million or 34 percent of those people
live in the Metropolitan Atlanta area. Atlanta is one of the fastest growing cities in America.
Atlanta and surrounding areas are facing problems with soil erosion and sedimentation, poor
water quality, inadequate water supplies, storm-water management, deterioration of stream-
banks, and development pressure on environmental and culturally sensitive land. The proposed
project will address the public lands and environmental aspect of the AmeriCorps program.
Seventy percent of the population of the entire Apalachicola-Chattahoochee-Flint basin live in
the metro Atlanta area. This basin drains 19,600 square miles in Georgia, Alabama, and
Florida. The Atlanta metro area has the greatest impact to the watershed. The Chattahoochee
is soon to be named one of the nations fifteen most threatened rivers by American Rivers, a
Washington based environmental organization. The importance of identifying and correcting
contributing tributaries affecting the basin will have direct affects on public recreation facilities
that are in place and planned.
The 1996 Olympic games in Atlanta provide extra opportunities for improvement and education
regarding water quality. The problem identification and preventive measures need to be in place
prior to the 1996 Olympics,- which will add millions of individuals to our population for a
period of 8 weeks.
Currently, plants that are used in the urban landscape require a high amount of maintenance
fertilizer and chemicals. Fertilizers and chemicals are carried in storm water runoff, thus
creating an urban non-point source pollution problem. A solution to this problem is to plant and
nurture native plants that will not require the type of maintenance that is needed for some of the
current exotic plants.
This AmeriCorps project will provide multiple benefits to the community of Atlanta, such as
environmental protection, environmental education and small business development.
Reclamation of streams, restoring riparian buffers, and improving management practices to
control non-point source pollution will be the environmental benefits expected. The focus on
planting native plants may stimulate a potential for small business enterprise. Other benefits
include the environmental education opportunity for youth and adults in the city. One expected
result is to encourage minority youths to seek career opportunities in environmental science.
Program Design
This project will have an urban and a rural component.
Individuals in rural areas with agronomic skills can collect and propagate native plants and
transfer them to the urban areas for their intended use. Like the potential for employment in
the urban area, there will be potential for employment in the rural area, and an opportunity for
limited resource farmers to expand their operations.
Building on existing programs, the project will impact four program areas of the Soil
Conservation Service; (1) Installation of the plants will provide water quality protection for the
streams in Georgia. (2) Collection and propagating plants in rural Georgia with a potential of
creating markets will help stimulate some RC&D efforts, (3) Creating an educational awareness
of urban environmental issues will satisfy one objective in the Community Assistance Program,
and (4) The process of collecting and evaluating native plants will help carry out some of the
objectives of the Plant Materials Program.
PROCESS
Needs have been identified through Soil and Water Conservation Districts long range plans, and
the Atlanta Regional Commission Vision 2020 strategy in planning process. Requests for
assistance from local units of government and concerns of local based groups of citizens also
aided to identify the needs of the area. In the Vision 2020 process, needs were primarily
identified using a Delphi survey. over 500 people participated in one session in addition to 23
community forums conducted region-wide. over 90 presentations were made to civic, community
business and government organizations, including tenant associations and Asian and Hispanic
groups. Over 79% of persons surveyed by the ARC for the Vision 2020 planning process
agreed that Atlanta streams and rivers are irreplaceable assets and protection of them should be
top priority.
Metropolitan Atlanta has been approved as a pilot city for an Urban Resource Partnership.
Natural resource agencies within the Department of Agriculture, the Department of Interior,
Environmental Protection Agency and the University of Georgia Cooperative Extension service
are available as a team to provide assistance to governmental officials and community groups
for natural resources related problems. In the developmental stages of this partnership an
assessment was made of the type of services that could be provided based on records of requests.
In order to approach the urban resource problem from a watershed approach information needs
to be gathered in a systematic
approach and problem solved in a consistent manner. The AmeriCorps program will be a
natural complement to the Urban Resource partnership.
DESIGN
The proposed project will assist in program development planning, and implementation of a
natural resource education curriculum. The program will be comprehensive. A detailed stream
management project will be developed by the participants. Participants will identify problem
areas, create a monitoring schedule, perform stream monitoring (and train volunteers), identify
non-point source problems, and contact appropriate individuals to correct these problems. Data
will be collected and evaluated for use by various agencies. Additionally, they will assist in
stream restoration projects and land reclamation using plant materials provided by the satellite
plant materials center. These satellite centers will be designed and operated by the participants.
Education, recruitment and ongoing activities will take place in the Atlanta Metropolitan area.
The participants will work with school groups and youth organizations to establish outdoor
classrooms and teaching environmental science.
Agencies such as the Georgia Department of Transportation, Georgia Department of Natural
Resources, Environmental Protection Division, and the Department of Defense can benefit from
the results of the project activity. Additionally, county and city officials could take advantage
of such services. This will be a good opportunity for agencies and community groups to solve
certain environmental problems at a low cost. This project will be endorsed by the Atlanta Urban
Resource Partnership. As we plan and evaluate the progress of the partnership, the AmeriCorps
portion will be included.
The project can be evaluated quantitatively and qualitatively. Quantitative items are the number
of acres treated, number of plants collected, number of plantings, survival rate, number of
people employed, number of people in business. From a qualitative standpoint, measurement
can be on soil savings, improved water quality, and general improvement in the environment.
TRAINING
Primary training responsibility will come from the District Conservationist and area support staff
of the Soil Conservation Service. Some basic concepts of types of training will be agency
orientation, safety, basic soil and water conservation, and water quality indicators. All
additional training will be on the job training. We will provide the participants the opportunity
of a short intern period with other agencies. This will provide some exposure to natural
resource related careers. Soil Conservation Service will provide support for transportation and
equipment.
SUPERVISION
Overall supervision by the District conservationist. Detail supervision will be provided by SCS
staff and/or local Clean and Beautiful organizations. Participants will be placed in satellite
locations according to assignment.
(NEED MORE SPECIFICS ON WORK-TO BE PERFORMED ON DAILY BASIS, SPECIFIC
PROJECTS, HOW CREWS WILL BE COMPRISED, RECRUITMENT, SUPERVISION, AND
EVALUATION?)
Participant Profile and Recruitment Strategy
(NEED SPECIFICS?)
Participant Benefits
(NEED SPECIFICS?)
Internal Evaluation and Monitoring Activities
(NEED SPECIFICS?)
Institutional and Personnel Information
(NEED SPECIFICS?)
EAST ST. LOUIS ENVIRONMENTAL - (Computer Code 95ENS013)
1. APPLICATION TITLE: Citizen Environmental & Land-Use Improvement
X Single Site Multi-Site
2. LEGAL APPLICANT: USDA-Soil Conservation Service - Illinois Contact Person's
Name:
Rufus C. Williams
Address:
25B Center Plaza Drive
City,
State, Zip: Belleville, IL 62220
Telephone, FAX:
618-234-1484/618-233-5570
Applicant's Congressional District: 12
3. INSTITUTIONAL INFORMATION X Federal National Non-Profit Professional
Multi-State Agency
Organization
Corps Prog. Program Employer's ID
Number: 720564834F
4. PROJECT DIRECTOR: Dr. Wilbur Campbell Organization's Name:
State Community
College of East St. Louis, IL
Address: 601 James Thompson Blvd
City,
State,
Zip: East St. Louis, IL 62201
Telephone, FAX: 618-583-2514/618-583-2661
5. GRANT TYPE: Planning or X Operating or Educational Awards only
6.
ISSUE AREA: Educational
X Environment AND NATIONAL PRIORITIES
School Readiness
X.Neighborhood Environment
School Success
X Natural Environment
7. AREA(S) TO BE SERVED:
X Urban
Rural
Other
Congressional District of primary area served: 12
8. PARTICIPANTS: # of Full-time Participants 20
# Needing Educational Awards:
20 #of Participants needing child care 15 # of their Children needing
Child Care
9. BUDGET: Corporation Funds Requested YR1 99,999,999 YR2 YR3 Total Budget
Amount
YR1
YR2 YR3
10. PROGRAM OPERATES in an area of need as identified by the Corporation? YES NO
Which one?
11. PROJECT DURATION: Start Date End Date Number of Program Terms
October 1, 1994-July 1996
12. CERTIFICATION: The applicant certifies to the best of his/her knowledge and belief that
the data in this application are true and correct and that the filing of the application has been
duly authorized by the governing body of the applicant and that the applicant will comply with
the assurances required of applicants if the assistance is approved.
Date:
Name:
Title:
Applicant Name: USDA Soil Conservation Service
Program Name: Citizen Environmental & Land-Use Improvement Project
(NEED NUMBER OF HOURS OF SERVICE? NEED SPECIFIC PROJECTS?)
1. WHAT IS YOUR PROGRAM'S MISSION STATEMENT? The purpose of this project is
to make urban gardening a profitable venture and to improve the urban landscape by focusing
on urban forestry, parks, and recreation. A successful Farmer's market will be expanded
through greater use of high-income vegetables and other specialty crops grown in urban
gardens.
Each application must include statements of primary objectives in three area: Community
Service, Community Building, and Participant Development. Please use a separate copy of
this form to describe your objectives in each are (i.e. Community Service, Community
Building, Participant Development). In the case of community service, also use a separate form
for each priority area, if you are working on more than one (i.e. education, environment, etc.)
THIS APPLIES TO: Community Service
These are our three primary objectives:
A. Improved educational achievement of community residents through training in horticulture,
landscaping, floriculture, and entrepreneurship. (WRONG!!!!! THIS FOCUSES ON
PARTICIPANTS?)
B. Providing less costly fresh produce to the community. (HOW MUCH PRODUCE?)
C. Develop a new source of income for community residents through community markets.
(NEED EXPLANATION?)
(NEED DESCRIPTION OF SPECIFIC URBAN GREENING PROJECTS?)
THIS APPLIES TO: Participant Development
These are our three primary objectives:
A. Improve self-esteem in the participants through improved educational achievement.
B.
Improve job skills of the participants through training in horticulture, landscaping,
floriculture, and entrepreneurship.
C. Develop new skills for problem solving and team work.
THIS APPLIES TO: Community Building
These are our three primary objectives:
A. Improved income opportunities and increased community pride, resulting in a decrease in
the poverty status.
B. Develop a sense of commitment between the participants and the community towards self
improvement.
C. Restore the community to a level of comfort and beauty that will encourage investment by
community residents.
Summary (one page) (MUST DESCRIBE CREWS, NOT "POSITIONS")
Needs: East St. Louis and the surrounding towns are the poorest communities in the country.
The East St. Louis community can be compared with a third world country.
East St. Louis and the surrounding towns are in desperate need of additional help to rebuild the
community and its infrastructure. This project will help local residents become self-sufficient
and rebuild community pride. The AmeriCorps Service program will help East St. Louis by
providing work opportunities, along with on-site training and providing participants with
scholarships to complete or further their education in fields that they worked in. This on site
education, along with future education will provide the participants with the education and
experience that they can bring back to the community to be able to teach others and make a
difference. Urban Clean-Up/Landscaping and Beautification: This position will work with
Operation New Spirit to assist in the clean-up of urban sites. This will lead to community pride
by cleaning the area. Job opportunities will lead into two areas, that of social service and also
in the horticulture field. Golf Course Worksite This position will work with the maintenance of
a newly developed golf course adjacent to the State Community College. Training and support
will be provided by the Soil Conservation Service. This will lead to full-time employment with
the areas growing number of golf courses. Farmers Market This position will assist in the
management, promotion, and community outreach to insure the success of the Farmers Market.
This position will lead to employment that requires marketing organizational skills and product
development. Community Urban Garden Project Position will include coordinating site
development and clean-up, site preparation, planting and management of the plants. Included
in this position is the exposure to other crops and the potential to explore specialty crops.
Packing and marketing assistance will also be provided.
Needs To Be Met
Needs: East St. Louis and the surrounding towns are the poorest communities in the country.
The East St. Louis community can be compared with a third world country.
East St. Louis and the surrounding towns are in desperate need of additional help to rebuild the
community and its infrastructure. This project will help local residents become self-sufficient
and rebuild community pride.
The AmeriCorps Service program will help East St. Louis by providing work opportunities,
along with on-site training and providing participants with scholarships to complete or further
their education in fields that they worked in. This on site education, along with future
education will provide the participants with the education and experience that they can bring
back to the community to be able to teach others and make a difference.
Mass exodus of industry has occurred over the past 30 years, leaving few factory jobs for local
residents. Rebuilding of the area will need to come from within and especially through
grassroots. This rebuilding will come from natural resource related jobs and training
opportunities.
Process Over the past two years, many organizations have been meeting to discuss methods and
ways to bring about change to better the community and its people. During this discussion and
with the small garden project established at State Community College, everyone realized that
job opportunities and careers could be built upon the natural resources of the area. In addition
to technical and educational assistance already identified by the many players, Farmers Home
Administration has expressed interest in providing low interest farm loans for raising various
crops including vegetables and specialty crops.
Program Design
(MUST CHANGE FROM RURAL DEVELOPMENT MODEL)
The basic concept of the Citizen Environmental and Land Use Improvement Project is the
outgrowth of the last two years urban gardening and community beautification project.
Participants will work at individual work sites that support the need of community cleanup and
environmental job creation. Institutional collaborations include State community College, the
Bakri Institute, Operation New Spirit, the Win-Stanley Neighborhood Organization, St. Clair
Co. Sheriff's Departments, St. Clair Co. Soil and Water Conservation District and many others.
The University of Illinois Cooperative Extension Service has placed additional technical services
to help develop local community leaders.
The St. Clair Co. Sheriff's department manages a team of individuals to work on community
service and clean-up projects. Upon completion of their community service continuity and
stability can be offered by participating in the AmeriCorps Program. (WRONG!!!!
WRONG!!!! b OUR PROGRAM IS NOT PUNITIVE!!!) The benefit will be the hope and
belief that you can better yourself and the financial support to continue their education.
Service Activities:
One initiative that the Citizen and Environmental Land Use Improvement participants will
engage in is improved community clean-up throughout the area. A typical day might include
removing debris and rubble from abandoned lots, planting vegetation and landscaping the areas
as needed. Urban forestry projects, such as planting trees, pruning, and transplanting would
be typical tasks that participants would engage in daily or weekly. Participants will also be
involved in stream clean-up along the local tributaries. This would be one way in which
businesses can be attracted to this area to stimulate economic renewal and foster aesthetic
appreciation for the community.
Relation to Need:
Almost any activity offered will fulfill a need in East St. Louis and the surrounding
communities. The conditions are so degraded and lack of hope so pervasive that any effort will
be an improvement and fill a need. It is hoped that the overall conditions of East St. Louis and
the surrounding communities are not so bad that all sense of hope is lost and despair sets in
before the projects have a chance to get started. Bed it clean-up, landscaping, urban gardens,
etc.., the need is there.
Participant Training and Support
It is planned that each participant will be provided basic job orientation and community
awareness by State Community College's Office of Vocational Services. In addition, to this
orientation and awareness training, additional specific task related training sites will be offered
by the Soil Conservation Service to assure that the job and the individual are matched.
Follow-up of each participant will be done by the project director to determine additional
training needs and/or help. This follow-up will also help the participant to determine their
career choices and additional formal training needs after completion of the AmeriCorps
program.
Participant Placement and Supervision: The participants will be trained for the purpose of
developing leadership abilities. The choice of assignment will be made based upon the
individual training, skills, abilities and evaluate and performance. When the individual is
assigned, the effort will be based on the above criteria. Sites hosted for the project will be for
extensive long term enhancement. These sites will be selected and evaluated by the community
partners, USDA, RC&D, or Community Horticulture Council for long term community
environmental enhancement.
Locations Identified:
East St Louis Park District (Jones Park) These positions include maintenance and monitoring of
park facilities. Included will be the rehabilitation of several park facilities needing maintenance
to bring the park back into compliance with the Urban Parks and Recovery Program.
Positions will lead to full-time employment with the park district that will have knowledge of
park maintenance.
Urban Clean-Up/Landscaping and Beautification: This position will work with Operation New
Spirit to assist in the clean-up of urban sites. This will lead to community pride by cleaning
the area. Job opportunities will lead into two areas, that of social service and also in the
horticulture field.
Golf Course Worksite This position will work with the maintenance of a newly developed golf
course adjacent to the State Community College. Training and support will be provided by the
Soil Conservation Service. This will lead to full-time employment with the areas growing
number of golf courses.
Farmers Market This position will assist in the management, promotion, and community
outreach to insure the success of the Farmers Market. This position will lead to employment
that requires marketing organizational skills and product development.
Community Urban Garden Project Position will include coordinating site development and
clean-up, site preparation, planting and management of the plants. Included in this position
is the exposure to other crops and the potential to explore specialty crops. Packing and
marketing assistance will also be provided.
(NEED SPECIFICS OF WORK PROJECTS, HOW CREWS WOULD WORK, DAY-TO-DAY
ACTIVITIES, RECRUITMENT, TRAINING, SUPERVISION, AND EVALUATION?)
Location.s Identified:
East St. Louis Park- District (Jones Parl-):
The establishment of these positions include maintenance and monitoring of park
plants and facilities. Included will be: 1) rehabilitation of several park facilities,
including the greenhouse, fountains, athletic fields, and flower gardens, in order
to bring the park back into compliance with the Urban Parks and Recovery
Program, 2) establishment of new greenhouse capabilities, gardens, and
recreational areas, and 3) asscsment and planning for future needs.
Positions will lead to full-time employment with the park district in 1) District
park maintenance; 2) urban forestry, park planning and urban horticulture.
Work- schedule that will be il-,ed in performing these positions will require four
AmeriCorp title positions.
Urban Clean-Up (Environmental Renewal):
The Operation New Spirit Organization is the key to the rehabilitation of
unsightly structures which clutters the community skyline. One of the key
problems for this organization is the inadequate number of unskilled
workers. Heavy equipment operators are hard to find. Large dozers and track hoes
remain idle, while there is a need to demolish and clean-up sites. In addition, sites which are
demolished and leveled, cannot be kept in a safe condition, because of a lack of code enforcement
support people. Additional special clean-up and landscaping assistance cannot be carried out to
sustain improvements.
It is requested that the AmeriCorp Title student be allowed to bring about needed job skills and
support as follows:
1)
Renovation of vacant lots; 2) planting of vegetation to maintain beautification with low
management cost to property owners; 3) preparation of sites for urban vegetable gardens and
community parks 4) training programs to educate property owners on how to provide an effective
landscape program.
AmeriCorp positions requested:
(Full-Time)
Four heavy equipment operators trainees
Four enforcement trainees (code officers)
Three beautification/landscaping specialist
Designing and planning site maintenance
One cultural resource specialist
These positions will lead to potential full-time positions, such as community planners, urban
landscaping specialists, soil conservation specialists, park service and extension specially
(WRONG !!!!!! WRONG!!!!! AMERICORPS PARTICIPANTS WILL NOT FIX GOLF COURSES!!!!)
State Park and Golf Course:
'17he @ Holton State Park- and Golf Course consist of lake sites and an
eighteen hole course that requires extensive management. The park area
and course covers 1, 100 acres. Extending from Lake Drive and 43rd on
the Northwest end down to 88 Street (HiWay 157) andlae on the southeast
end. The site has its beautiful side with a course with a lot of management
assistance. The course itself has been recently acquired from previous
management and extensive development is presently under way to improve
the course and clubhouse facilities. The intense management needed will -
require -AmeriCorp Title positions to carry out course maintenance and
greens superintendent assistance responsibilities. Participants will perform
in the following capacities: 1) green fairway maintenance; 2) fertilizer and
pesticide management; 3) spiking and that; 4) seeding and turf restoration.
AmeriCorp Position requested:
Ten golf course maintenance assistance
Five greens superintendent assistance
Training for these positions will be carried out by the green keeper and
green superintendent, SCC instructor, with technical support from the Soil
Conservation Service. Daily schedules will be maintained. All positions
will be full-time. Winter Months (Nov., Dec., Jan., & Feb.) will be used
for class training and laboratory research projects-
Urban Community Garden Project:
This initiative will involve coordinating site development, clean-up, and
preparation as well as planting and management of the gardens. Participants will
be involved in : 1.) development of science demonstration sites at various district
schools; 2) soil testing/sampling; 3) marketing, management and sales techniques;
4) pesticide management techniques; 5) community relations; 6) small business
practice; 7) crop selection; 8) scdl management.
Participants will be full-time and receive ftffl training while working under
classroom or laboratory conditions. The schedule for these positions will be full-
time (40 hour week). Training super-vision and training will be under the
direction of the SCC Partnership program director, with support form the Soil
Conservation Service.
Completion of this position will lead to potential employment in Urban extension
program, soil testing specialist, greenhouse manager/ownership, garden center
manager, urban community development specialist. soil conservationist. soil
scientist. agronomist and many other opportunities.
(NEED SPECIFICS ON HOW EACH WORK CREW WOULD BE MANAGED?)
Participant Profile and Recruitment Strategy
(NEED SPECIFICS ON OBTAINING DIVERSE PARTICIPANTS?)
Participant Benefits
(NEED SPECIFICS?)
Internal Evaluation and Monitoring Activities
(NEED SPECIFICS?)
Institutional and Personnel Information
(NEED SPECIFICS?)
(Computer Code 95ENS014) NEW JERSEY WATERSHED RESTORATION S
1. APPLICATION TITLE: Watershed Restoration Action Teams: An AmeriCorps
Single Site X Multi-Site
2. LEGAL APPLICANT: USDA Soil Conservation Service Contact Person's Name:
Cecil Currin, State Conservationist
Address: 1370 Hamilton Street City, State,
Zip: Somerset, NJ 08873
Telephone, FAX:
(908) 246-1205 X 122; fax: (908)
246-2358 Applicant's Congressional District 4, 5, 6, 7, 10, 11, 12, 13
3. INSTITUTIONAL INFORMATION X Federal National Non-Profit Professional
Multi-State Agency
Organization
Corps Prog. Program Employer's ID
Number: 720564834F
4. PROJECT DIRECTOR: Carlos Henning, Deputy State Conservationist Organization's
Name:
USDA-Soil Conservation Service
Address:
1370 Hamilton Street
City, State, Zip: Somerset, NJ 08873 Telephone, FAX:
(908) 246-1205 X 122;
fax: (908) 246-2358
5. GRANT TYPE: Planning or X Operating or Educational Awards only
6.
ISSUE AREA: Educational
X Environment AND NATIONAL PRIORITIES
School Readiness X Neighborhood Environment
School Success
X Natural Environment
Human Needs
Public Safety
Independent Living
Violence Prevention
Community
Revitalization Crime Control
7. AREA(S) TO BE SERVED: X Urban X Rural
8. PARTICIPANTS: # of Full-time Participants 18 # of Part-time Participants 18
Needing Educational Awards: 36 #of Part needing child care 10 # of Part-time Participants
Needing # of their Children needing 20
Needing Educational Awards:
Child Care
# of Unfunded Participants
# of Expected National
Recruitment Participants 9. BUDGET: Corporation Funds Requested YR1 99,999,999
YR2 YR3 Total Budget Amount
YR1
YR2 YR3
10. PROGRAM OPERATES in an area of need as identified by the Corporation? YES NO
Which one? Environmentally distressed area: Unemployment greater than the National
Average.
11. PROJECT DURATION: Start Date End Date Number of Program Terms
September 1, 1994-August 30, 1995
12. CERTIFICATION: The applicant certifies to the best of his/her knowledge and belief that
the data in this application are true and correct and that the filing of the application has been
duly authorized by the governing body of the applicant and that the applicant will comply with
the assurances required of applicants if the assistance is approved.
Date:
Name:
Title:
Applicant Name: USDA - Soil Conservation Service New Jersey
Program Name: Watershed Restoration Action Teams
1. WHAT IS YOUR PROGRAM'S MISSION STATEMENT?
To bring together various organizations within the state to protect and improve the natural
resources within three watersheds; to make an investment in local communities to restore health
to the community and the natural resources of the area. Also, at the same time, provide a
learning environment for the AmeriCorps participants in the area of natural resources.
Each application must include statements of primary objectives in three area: Community
Service, Community Building, and Participant Development. Please use a separate copy of
this form to describe your objectives in each are (i.e. Community Service, Community
Building, Participant Development). In the case of community service, also use a separate form
for each priority area, if you are working on more than one (i.e. education, environment, etc.)
THIS PAGE X Community Service Participant Community APPLIES TO
Development Building
WHAT ARE YOUR ANNUAL OBJECTIVES IN THE AREA CHECKED ABOVE?
(NEED NUMBER OF HOURS OF SERVICE?)
List your three primary objectives:
A. Implement environmental improvement projects that will improve water quality within the
community. (HOW MANY PROJECTS? HOW MANY MILES OF RIVER?))
B. Create community parks and gardens (HOW MANY EACH?)
C. Restore wetlands and stabilize streambanks to prevent flooding. (HOW MANY EACH?)
Participant Development
A. Improve job skills and education level of all participants.
B. Increase participant knowledge of natural resources and the environment.
C. Improve team building and problem solving skills. Also teach various work skills and job
ethics.
Community Building
A. Bring diverse groups together to strengthen the concept of community.
B. Create community spirit and improve community involvement with their environment.
C. Demonstrate what can be accomplished at the grassroots level by community residents
willing to make a commitment and an investment in their community..
Summary ( need to reduce to one page)
Watershed Restoration Action Teams in New Jersey, as envisioned by this proposal, will focus
on helping local communities make assessments of their watersheds and address critical
concerns. The proposal aims to provide natural resource education and outdoor job skills
training to a core group of culturally diverse, economically disadvantaged individuals.
Participants from diverse backgrounds will be selected from the local communities that will
benefit directly by the projects, and that coincide with areas of high unemployment (where
unemployment rates are higher than the US average of 6.8%). Those participants who do not
possess a high school diploma (estimate 20-30% of participants) must additionally meet the
requirements of the State's Vocational-Technical High Schools. They will be enrolled in an
accelerated program and graduate within the two years of their participation in the AmeriCorps
program.
Three teams of twelve each, for a total of thirty-six participants, will work with local
communities to assess needs, inventory resources, educate the public, and complete projects.
The teams will be working on a watershed basis.
The three watersheds selected range from urban (Arthur Kill), to urbanizing (Raritan) to rural
(Musconetcong). Each suffers from some of the same basic environmental needs. This initiative
will address these needs through tree planting, buffer establishment, wetlands restoration,
stream bank stabilization, and community clean-up projects.
One function of the teams will be to provide locally usable (multi- lingual) information products
to the public. The teams will work with various multi-media, including newspaper, video, and
radio, to educate the public on the local environment, local concerns, and local projects. The
goal of these information campaigns is to bring communities together in awareness and
protection of their local environment.
Streams in the watersheds are used for public water supplies as well as boating, swimming, and
fishing. Identified water quality problems in all three watersheds will be addressed through
project activities. Public awareness of local water quality problems will be increased, and the
water quality improved through completion of various projects.
o Provide technical assistance to communities in the development of comprehensive plans to
address natural resource concerns.
The proposed initiative will result in the inventory of natural resources on a community basis
that can be used to develop plans and prioritize concerns.
o Ensure the quality and availability of soil and water resource data.
SCS, as a sponsor of the proposed initiative, will provide updated soil and water resource data
via our Geographic Information System capabilities, and will benefit from the on-site inventory
of data by the Action Teams.
o Develop and demonstrate new natural resource technology. New technologies, such as
bioengineering, will be an integral part of the activities undertaken by the Action Teams.
o Provide technical assistance to sponsors in the implementation of watershed based plans. The
Action Teams will implement feasible and appropriate recommendations made in existing
watershed or greenway plans, where they exist.
o Work with the Conservation Partnership to conduct activities that give wider exposure of our
assistance in the conservation of natural resources.
By sponsoring Action Teams that will recruit from and work with communities that presently
may not utilize SCS or Soil Conservation District (SCD) services to a great extent, the proposed
initiative will result in the exposure of the partnership to a new, diverse audience.
o Increase public awareness and support of the conservation of natural resources. One goal of
the Action Teams will be to increase public awareness of their local environment, to create a
sense that each resident participates in and benefits from the improvement projects.
New Jersey's goal, with our high population density and multi-cultural diversity, is to bring jobs
and the environment together and thereby broaden and deepen ordinary peoples' appreciation
of nature. We feel that the AmeriCorps program and our Watershed Restoration Action Teams
will be a large step in that direction.
Needs To Be Met
New Jersey, despite being the fourth smallest state in the nation, contains a wide variety of land
use types, water resources, geologic characteristics and natural biota and fauna. Within the
State's 8,204 square miles are sections of the Appalachian Mountains, 1 20 miles of coastline,
large cities and industrial centers, rich crop-producing lands and a largely undeveloped
Pinelands region. New Jersey has approximately 6,450 miles of rivers and streams, and 24, 000
acres of lakes and ponds. In addition, there are 1,400 square miles of fresh and saline marshes
and wetlands, and 420 square miles of open estuarine waters.
There are four major drainage basins in the State: The Delaware River Basin (3000 square
miles); the Atlantic Coastal Basin (2000 square miles); the Passaic/Hackensack Basin (1200
square miles); and the Raritan River Basin (1100 square miles). In addition, the Walikill River
(210 square miles in NJ) drains into the Hudson River Basin in New York state.
The Arthur Kill watershed, which consists of the Elizabeth River and Rahway River drainage
areas, is part of the Passaic/Hackensack Basin. The Musconetcong watershed is part of the
Delaware River Basin. The Raritan River watershed drains to Raritan Bay and includes six
sub-watersheds.
Human manipulation of all watersheds in New Jersey has led to a wide range of soil, water,
and related resource management problems that must be addressed in a working environment
that is increasingly complex. The proposed program presents a strategy to assist interested local
and county governments to tackle problems which relate to the national priority of
AmeriCorps: the environment. The program would be easily replicated in other areas where
there is local support.
Specific needs to be addressed include: Create a community spirit in which people can feel
connected to their environment
- bring diverse groups together
- create a sense of
belonging and ownership
- build community pride
- reduce vandalism, littering, crime
Provide job skills that are marketable
- reduce unemployment in target areas
- impove
team building skills
- increase knowledge of soil and water resource issues
- provide
vocational high school curriculum
Implement environmental improvement projects
- create buffer areas (grass or trees)
- restore wetlands
- stabilize stream banks
- create community parks or gardens
PROCESS
The New Jersey 1990 State Water Quality Inventory Report was used as a guide in selecting
the target areas, along with requests from sponsors who are interested and willing to carry out
the work in the three watersheds. The State's Water Quality Inventory Report is an assessment
of current water quality conditions in the State. The report describes which waters are
attaining the State designated water use and national clean water goals.
Background material to support this initiative was also obtained from the Union County "State
of the County" report, the state and federal census, the "Greenways to the Arthur Kill" plan
for the Arthur Kill watershed, and the NJ-DEPE Musconetcong Watershed Initiative and
Implementing grant proposals. Local support for the initiative has been shown through the
numerous requests for assistance SCS has received in the last two years from sub-watersheds
within the Raritan River Basin and the Musconetcong watershed.
Program Design
The six participating Soil Conservation Districts (Sussex, Morris, Warren, Hunterdon,
Somerset, Union and Freehold), along with the NJ Department of Agriculture, State Soil
Conservation Committee and the Soil Conservation Service District Conservationists, annually
review and assess soil and water resource needs on a watershed basis. Requests for assistance
are prioritized based on amount of local support, severity of the problems, and community
impact.
From this basis, cooperative agreements are made with other groups for specific projects. A
history of success in the three selected watersheds is shown by the following accomplishments:
The Hunterdon, Morris, and Somerset soil surveys have been contracted for digitization in the
Upper Raritan sub-watershed in cooperation with the Upper Raritan Watershed Association.
The North Jersey Resource Conservation & Development (RC&D) Council has acted as
coordinator for a water quality improvement project in the Musconetcong River watershed.
Stream corridor enhancement projects are underway in several reaches within the Lower Raritan
sub-watershed under the RC&D Program.
A request for watershed study has been made in the South River sub- watershed by several local
and county entities.
The Union County Vocational-Technical High School has agreed to expand their natural
resource curriculum with materials provided by the partners.
Individual teams will work with the local communities to inventory, assess, and implement
planned activities. The local residents and governments will be informed and involved by
developing and prioritizing project activities, and thus will have a hand in accomplishing the
goals.
As these projects continue, additional partners will become involved. The proposed initiative
will include these additional partners in expanded roles as the initiative grows. Presently,
Memorandums of Understanding (MOUS) exist with many of the partners. Additional MOUs
and agreements will be signed with the remaining or new partners as they come on board.
B. DESIGN
The work identified in this proposed initiative will achieve the three goals of the National and
Community Service Act. We will "get things done" through direct, demonstrational, and
instructive service. We will "strengthen communities" by involving people of different
backgrounds together in a common effort, breaking down barriers of mistrust and
misunderstanding to promote civic responsibility and stewardship. We will "develop
leadership" and other human skills through team building techniques.
CONCEPT
The Action Team concept was developed to accomplish three goals. First, to provide education
and training in natural resource topics to a culturally diverse group. Second, to implement
needed watershed improvement projects. And third, to involve local residents so that projects
address their needs and have a positive and permanent impact on their lives.
Teams will be multi-cultural and may be multi-lingual. Emphasis will be placed on fostering
cooperation between team members, and on identifying and utilizing the various cultural
strengths within the groups. Once the groups begin to work together as " teams", and after
receiving the appropriate training and guidance in the basic natural resource curriculum, the
teams will work in the three identified watersheds. Teams will spend much of their time during
the first few months in both training and in working with local community groups to assess their
attitudes, needs and priorities. Action plans for each community will be developed in
conjunction with either the local residents, the local government, or both.
In order to accomplish these goals, the initiative will rely heavily on all the partners. Various
partners will be involved in training and in the oversight of team activities, and most will
provide in-kind services and support. The Vocational-Technical High School will expand their
natural resource curriculum and provide basic training to participants who need their GED.
The County Parks and Recreation Departments will provide equipment and plant materials as
feasible. The County Youth Service Commissions will be active in recruitment and guidance
of participants. The South Branch Watershed Association will provide training and support for
project identification and implementation. The Upper Raritan Watershed Association will utilize
their GI (Geographic Information Systems) system to keep inventory records and analyze
watershed restoration techniques. Both Associations have extensive government and volunteer
contacts within their river communities which will ensure community involvement. The North
Jersey RC&D Council will provide some seed money for project activities and help coordinate
sponsor activities. The Soil Conservation Districts will provide training support, and keep the
media informed of program accomplishments. There are numerous other government and
private organizations that have expressed interest in and support for this initiative, and the
partners will be relying on their generosity in time and expertise to accomplish all the goals.
SERVICE ACTIVITIES
Participants will work a minimum of 30 hours and no more than 40 hours per week. They will
also be required to take part in GED classes, if needed, and in team building activities and
retreats.
A typical work week for each participate would include a team meeting to discuss progress to
date, update action plans, decide priorities, and build team spirit. Eight to sixteen hours of
instructional training would also be included. The balance of the week would include project
implementation work or community outreach efforts as well as working with the media to gain
increased community support. As the teams develop skills and expertise, it is anticipated that
less instructional time and more project implementation time would be spent each week.
Each team will work with the local community to develop an action plan. The plan will include
an inventory of current natural resources, identified needs of the community, and a list of
projects to accomplish. The projects will generally fall into one of three categories:
1. Community education activities. 2. Neighborhood environmental enhancement projects. 3.
Area-wide projects.
Work will be performed on both public and private lands.
A partial list of these needed activities include:
- Identify culturally based attitudes toward natural resources and the environment in order to
better focus the direction of change.
- Conduct and document natural resource inventories on a community basis. - Develop
multi-lingual curriculums for various age groups. - Assess water quality annually. - Enact
community based stream clean-up days and water watch groups. - Develop community gardens.
- Establish riparian buffer areas. - Mobilize business groups to participate in on-going
activities. - Stabilize eroding stream banks with bioengineering techniques. - Improve fish,
song-bird, and small mammal habitats. - Work with corporate centers to reduce lawn chemical
usage and increase
alternative ground covers.
- Develop multi-lingual video and print information on chemical products
for home
usage. - Recommend specific sites that should be protected from development. - Develop a
long-term action plan to guide water quality activities in
the local community for five years
after the AmeriCorps program is
complete.
(NEED MORE SPECIFICS ON EXACT SITES OF ACTIVITIES)
Participants will be recruited primarily from the local communities that will directly benefit
from the projects. Through each of the sponsors, the local lob training centers, and the
multi-lingual media, advertisements for the positions will be made.
Team building skills will be emphasized, as participants from a wide range of cultures and
languages must learn not only to work together, but also to work with the multi-cultural
communities in the watersheds. A team retreat will be scheduled annually to promote this
understanding and to build on all participants' strengths. These sessions will also build
individuals' self-confidence levels, and will help them in all future endeavors.
The initiative partners will provide specialized training and assistance to the Action Team
members. Training will be provided by existing staff members of SCS and other organizations.
Basic skills will be developed in the first stages of the program before teams begin actual
project work. Additional training will be provided weekly as projects progress, and will be
targeted to ensure program participants can fully accomplish each project they undertake.
Topics may include but will not be limited to:
Topic
Organization Forest ecosystem management
USDA Forest Service and community forestry programs New Jersey Bureau of Forestry
Union County Shade Tree -Advisory Board
Water Quality Monitoring
South Branch Watershed Association
Soil Conservation Service
Community and Agricultural
NJDA State Soil Conservation Committee impacts
on water resources
Upper Raritan Watershed Association
Union County Vo-Tech High School
Mobilizing communities and
North Jersey RC&D businesses for watershed
South Jersey RC&D restoration activities
Union Co Parks &
Recreation Dpt
Stream stabilization with
Soil Conservation Service bioengineering
techniques
Upper Raritan Watershed Association
Ecosystems and natural
Union County Vo-Tech High School resource
inventories
Soil Conservation Districts
Basic horticulture, tree
Union Co Parks & Recreation Dpt planting, and grass
Middlesex Co Parks & Recreation Dpt establishment
Soil fertility, soil testing
Rutgers Cooperative Extension of
Hunterdon and Warren County
Team building skills
Union County Youth Services Commission
Union County Dpt of Human Services
PARTICIPANT PLACEMENT AND SUPERVISION
Participants will be assigned to teams to ensure each team reflects a diversity of culture. Efforts
will be made to keep participants from the local communities involved in their own area. All
participants who require GED (high school equivalency) training will be placed together to
facilitate the specialized training needed.
The AmeriCorps partners, along with all other agencies and groups that will be active in the
initiative, will be invited to participate on a Policy and Program Committee. The committee will
act as a conduit to and between the teams, local communities, media, and partners. The
Committee would also assess and advise each team and team sponsor on the progress of the
individual watershed and overall AmeriCorps initiative.
Overall supervision of teams will be by a partner from each watershed (called the team
sponsor). For the Arthur Kill area, the Union County Parks and Recreation Department will
have primary responsibility. For the Musconetcong area, it will be the North Jersey RC&D
Council. For the Raritan area, it will be the SCS.
Throughout the duration of the initiative, for all teams, SCS will continually evaluate activities,
techniques, and progress to ensure that:
1. Resources are used efficiently and work is scheduled in advance, 2.
Work is
performed only on authorized activities, 3.
Maximum program benefits are obtained,
4.
Productivity is maintained at a high level without sacrificing
quality, 5. Projects
address the identified goals and objectives, and 6.
Commendable work is recognized.
During this process, SCS will remain in close contact with all partners and the local
communities to ensure completed activities have met their objectives, and that the local
communities have remained involved in the projects. This will be done primarily through the
Policy and Program Committee.
Community satisfaction with the results is important both to the long term viability of the
projects themselves and to the effectiveness of replicating this type of activity in other areas
around the state and nation. Therefore, this will be emphasized in all team, Committee, and
community meetings.
Participant Profile and Recruitment Strategy
(NEED SPECIFICS)
Participant Benefits
(NEED SPECIFICS)
Internal Evaluation and Monitoring Activities
(NEED SPECIFICS)
Institutional and Personnel Information
(NEED SPECIFICS)
DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA ENVIRONMENTAL PROJECT
Building upon an unique public-private partnership formed to run a special Summer of
Service program without Corporation for National and Community Service funds, the
District of Columbia program will be a small pilot project run jointly between USDA, the DC
Service Corps, and the DC Administration for Environmental Protection. The program would
run for eight to ten weeks and engage a socio-economic mix of 20 participants in urban
environmental and urban farming work. Participants would work in two crews of ten. The
lead agencies for the program will be SCS and ARS.
One crew would work for SCS conducting water quality monitoring, upgrading and
renovating public parks and playgrounds, and helping clean-up the Anacostia River. The
other crew would work at the National Arboretum running urban farming projects, expanding
public tours of the site, and facilitating workshops in environmental education.
(ALL PROGRAM NARRATIVE SECTIONS SHOULD HAVE THE FOLLOWING SUB-HEADINGS
UNDERLINED IN THE ORDER LISTED BELOW)
Needs To Be Met
Program Design
Participant Profile and Recruitment Strategy
Participant Benefits
Internal Evaluation and Monitoring Activities
Institutional and Personnel Information
ENVIRONMENTAL- PORTLAND (COMPUTER CODE 95ENS016)
1.
APPLICATION TITLE: Young Adult Conservation
X Single Site
USDA-Soil Conservation Service Oregon Ed Washington
600 NE Grand Ave Portland, OR (503) 797-1700/797-1792 Applicant's Congressional District
3.
INSTITUTIONAL INFORMATION
Federal
National Non-Profit
Professional
Multi-State
Agency
organization
Corps Prog.
Program
Employer's ID Number: 720564834F
4. PROJECT DIRECTOR:
Ed Washington
Organization's Name:
Metro
Address:
600 NE Grand Ave
City, State, Zip:
Portland, OR 97232-2736
Telephone, FAX:
(503)797-1700/797-1792
5. GRANT TYPE:
Operating or Educational Awards only
6.
ISSUE AREA: Educational Environment
AND NATIONAL PRIORITIES
School Readiness
X. Neighborhood Environment
School Success
X Natural Environment
7. AREA(S) TO BE SERVED:
Urban
Congressional District of
primary area served
Congressional Districts of secondary areas served
8.
PARTICIPANTS:
#
of Full-time Participants 20
of Full-time Participants
#
of Part-time Participants 12
Needing Educational Awards: 20
#of Participants needing child care 2 of Part-time Participants Needing # of their Children needing 4
Needing Educational Awards: 12 Child Care
9. BUDGET:
Corporation Funds Requested
YR1 99,999,999
YR2
YR3
Total Budget Amount
YR1
YR2
YR3
10. PROGRAM OPERATES
in an area of need as identified by the Corporation? YES
End Date Number of Program Terms
The applicant certifies to the best of his/her knowledge and belief that the data in this application are true and
correct and that the filing of the application has been duly authorized by the governing body of the applicant and
that the applicant will comply with the assurances required of applicants if the assistance is approved.
Date:
Name:
Title:
Which one?
11.
PROJECT DURATION: Start Date
9/94 9/95
12.
CERTIFICATION:
1. WHAT IS YOUR PROGRAM'S MISSION STATEMENT?
The mission of this program is to link important environmental work within the region with revitalization of
impoverished communities. To provide a unique collaboration between agencies and local organizations to join
forces to focus on two critical issues in the community: the crisis facing our endangered urban youths and the
challenges of preserving and restoring vital natural resources in the urban area.
Each application must include statements of primary objectives in three area: Community Service, Community
Building, and Participant Development. Please use a separate copy of this form to describe your objectives in
each are (i.e. Community Service, Community Building, Participant Development). In the case of community
service, also use a separate form for each priority area, if you are working on more than one (i.e. education,
environment, etc.)
THIS APPLIES TO Community Service These are our three primary objectives:
(HOW MANY HOURS OF SERVICE PERFORMED?)
A.
Whitaker Ponds/Columbia Slough pilot watershed restoration project provide a demonstration project for
landowners along the Columbia Slough. (HOW MANY LANDOWNERS?)
B.
Regional water quality projects - current college students with high school youth do on-the-ground
enhancement and restoration work. (HOW MAMNY PROJECTS?)
C.
Increase public involvement and awareness - with demonstration projects and student work forces
publicize the positive outcome. (HOW MANY EDUCATIONAL DEMONSTRATIONS?)
THIS APPLIES TO Participant Development These are our three primary objectives:
A.
Inner city youth employment and education support.
B.
Natural resource management and youth mentoring.
C.
Certificate program - end use degree which qualifies participants for
job opportunities in natural resource management.
THIS APPLIES TO Community Building
These are our three primary objectives:
A.
Youth involvement in civic enhancement - involve "at risk" youth in civic development.
B.
Interagency and citizen cooperation - demonstrate willingness to work together.
C.
Community development commitment from citizens, schools, and agencies on ground project that gives a
"sense of place" within inner city area.
Metropolitan Portland Area Cooperative
Young Adult Conservation Training Program
AmeriCorps Project Application
USDA-SCS
Summary
(DESIGN IS WRONG!!! ITS TWO TEAMS EACH HAVE DIFFERENT EDUCATION LEVELS AND
CONDUCT DIFFERENT WORK!!!! -- MUST BE COMBINED!!!!????? IT ALSO HAS A PART-TIME
COMPONENT THAT MUST BE MADE FULL-TIME)
The goal of this proposed program is to provide a service learning experience for 32 young adults in conservation
and natural resource management within the urban environment of the Portland metropolitan area. The program
provides a unique opportunity to link important environmental work within the region with the revitalization of
impoverished communities by providing opportunities for employment and positive reenforcement to the youth of
these communities. The proposed program will involve two components: (1) a pilot project involving 20 full time
participants over a two year period in a restoration project with the Columbia Slough watershed; and (2) a youth
development project involving 12 college students for a two-year period in the training, mentoring, and
supervision of high school aged youth in work experience and education activities relating to important natural
resource protection and restoration projects throughout the urban area.
The proposal represents a unique collaboration between agencies: the Metropolitan Service District (Metro), the
Soil and Water Conservation Districts, Community Assistance Office, Portland State University, Portland Public
Schools and the City of Portland (Bureaus of Environmental Services. and Parks and Recreation). In addition to
these project sponsors, a number of support agencies including youth organizations and conservation groups will
provide important technical and community support for the proposed projects. Each of the sponsoring agencies
have joined forces in this program to focus on two critical issues within this community: the crisis facing our
endangered urban youth and the challenges of preserving and restoring vital natural resources in the urban area.
Together these agencies bring a continuity of commitment and experience with youth and conservation work
which provides a strong and diversified base of support to assure success.
The highlights of the proposed program are as follows:
The extensive inter-agency cooperation and collaboration supporting this program;
The proven experience of the sponsor agency in managing youth conservation projects of the type in this proposed
program;
The commitment on the part of Portland State University to
dedicate faculty and student resources to community projects;
Metrols far reaching Green Spaces program which provides future funding opportunity for the type of youth
projects the AmeriCorps participants would be involved with; The innovative education component (i.e. the
Certificate program) which provides a long term education and career preparation element to the program;
The newly funded SCS Community Assistance Program which will provide SWCD regional support for these
proposed projects.
Needs To Be Met
The proposed program addresses two need areas. (1) protection and restoration of the natural resource areas and
watersheds within the urban area; (2) employment and educational support for inner city youth.
(1) Watershed protection
water quality/watershed issues are complex and of increasing concern to the public in the Portland metropolitan
area. Increasing growth and development pressures are having ramifying effects on agriculture, recreation,
wildlife, along with protection of river corridors for flood control and water quality. In addition, citizens value
rivers, streams and natural areas for the sense of place, livability and enjoyment of the region that they provide.
Watershed resources management plays a role in these issues and serves as the interconnecting link between local
residents' expectations and impacts on the natural landscape.
While many residents of Oregon have historically assumed, perhaps incorrectly, that water resources are plentiful
and of high quality, this perception is rapidly changing. During the last few years numerous studies and media
articles have generated awareness about polluted streams in the region, noting that increasing urbanization and
poor land management threatens the water quality of surface and ground water throughout the metropolitan area.
Ground water has been contaminated in different locations and ground water shortages are of a growing concern
to industry as well as rural and urban residents in the area. In all cases, water quality problems do not stay
within political or jurisdictional boundaries. Coordinated efforts among a coalition of agencies, organizations,
industry and citizen groups will be required to address issues on bioregional or basin-wide basis for the
approximately 120 water basins and sub-basins in the region.
This proposal is a timely response to the convergence of a number of natural resource management factors (1992:
Area
Wide Water Quality Report, Metropolitan Service District):
Increasing population, development and urban density in the region make it important to balance the need for
growth management and protection of the natural environment.
Low public awareness of the impact of individual actions and the cumulative consequences of incremental urban
development over time on water quality.
Funding from the federal government of new regulatory programs is dwindling, while the needs are increasing.
Consequently, local jurisdictions are faced with the challenge of addressing water quality issues with fewer
financial resources.
Public awareness and understanding is growing about the importance of natural areas, particularly wetlands and
riparian corridors for flood control, water quality enhancement, wildlife and recreational benefits.
Pressures from rapid urbanization create both the need for and the opportunity to involve youth in conservation
activities which contribute to their development and well being.
Process to identify needs:
During the summer and early fall of 1993, representatives from the SCS and SWCD in the region met with
individuals from several agencies, governmental units, and citizens from throughout the region to discuss the
environmental needs of the region and the role of SWCDs in addressing these needs. An agreement was reached
to develop a proposal for a cooperative program to address these concerns and to submit this proposal for the
location of a Community Assistance Office in the Portland area. As a result of these meetings, a consensus was
formed on the following:
water quality/watershed issues in the region are common priority environmental concerns;
SCS and SWCD have a responsibility to address these concerns;
Additional resources are needed in order to best meet these responsibilities. The Community Assistance Program
Office is a recently formed cooperative approach to sharing new program and technical resources between the
SCS and the four SWCD's covering the three counties with the active I participation of the partner agencies of
Metro and the City of Portland. A priority for the member SWCD's of this new Program Office is the
development of opportunities for inner city youth to participate in important urban conservation
efforts. This collaboration is considered the most cost effective way to address pressing urban conservation
issues and youth opportunity needs.
(2) Inner city youth employment and education support
The youth and young adults of poor urban neighborhoods suffer an isolation not known to earlier generations of
poor urban dwellers. As John Kretzman and John McKnight note:
"The forces driving people apart are many and frequently cited -- increasing mobility rates, the separation of work-
and residence, mass media, segregation by race and age and not least from the point of view of lower income
communities, increasing dependence upon outside, professionalized helpers." (Building Communities from the
Inside Out, 1993, pp. 9-10).
Acutely aware of their own lack of prospects, these youth and young adults perceive the pace and frenzy of the
world outside their communities through the haze of helplessness often reinforced by a tradition of social service
focused on their deficits rather than their assets. The need to reverse the disturbing trends occurring in our inner
city neighborhoods is all too painfully apparent by a brief look at our own situation.
Oregon's child poverty rate has increased by 26.7 t in the last decade; only eleven other states exceeded Oregon
in the percentage increase in childhood poverty during this period. Many complex, inter-connected problems such
as malnutrition, poor health care, homelessness, drug abuse, crime and violence, dysfunctional families, and
school dropout are the tragic consequences of poverty.
A special problem for Portland, and a major factor endangering children and youth, is the rapid increase in gang
activity. Police cases involving gang activity have risen from almost none in 1986 to over 3,000 in 1992. Gang
violence devastates neighborhoods with robberies, assaults, drive-by murders, and drug sales. Drug selling by
out-of-state gang members, largely from California, is increasing. Black gangs in Portland were involved in 142
known shootings, 426 assaults, and 171 robberies in 1991. Vietnamese, Chinese, and other Asian gangs have
grown in power and violence, with police reporting 346 gang related incidents in 1991, including 102 acts of
violence. White supremacy gangs are increasing in Portland and last year were involved in 47 assaults, 104 acts
of intimidation or harassment, and one homicide.
This proposed program will establish important new opportunities for youth and young adults within the most
poverty impacted areas in Portland by providing meaningful
work and educational experiences for the participants. The young adult participants will also provide positive
role models for youth from the high schools in the targeted areas of this program. Both these program elements
will be an important factor in helping to reverse the disturbing trends in these areas. This program will help
establish a structural change in the relationship of the sponsoring agencies to the community by nurturing
leadership potentials from within the community for positive change. This change should positively affect not
only the prospects for the proposed project but for all future community service projects.
Process to identify needs:
Not all parts of Portland metropolitan area suffer equally from these urban problems. The children of some
neighborhoods are especially endangered. The City of Portland is divided into ten high school attendance areas,
and these ten roughly define our various urban neighborhoods. These high school attendance areas take on a
special importance because of a local and state commitment to integrate educational and social services at each
high school site. In terms of significant urban problems, the children and youth of three high school clusters are
particularly endangered: Jefferson, Marshall, and Roosevelt. The Portland Leaders Roundtable Committees has
identified these areas as among those most in need, and has established Community Roundtable Committees to
serve the needs of children and youth in each of these areas. These areas are the focus of this proposal.
Program Design
A description of the two projects that will comprise the Young Adult Conservation Training Program are as
follows:
(1)
Whitaker Ponds/Columbia Slough Pilot Project. This project addresses the education and skill-building
needs of inner city youth and the natural resource restoration needs of the Columbia Slough in North Portland,
Oregon. This pilot project will be implemented at the Whitaker School site on the Columbia Slough with 20 low
income and minority young adults, between the ages of 17 and 24 over a two year period. Each of the
participants will have either completed their high school diploma or GED or will be currently involved in a
program to complete their degree. The work site offers the unique opportunity for restoration and training, as
well as improving water quality and habitat along the Columbia Slough. The project will consist of work and
education for the participants with the support of each of the sponsoring agencies. Each participant in the
program will be provided with highly supported and supervised work
experience and innovative education component which furthers their academic and employment futures. The
project is intended to be a pilot for the development of a new curriculum and certificate program in urban natural
resource management and stream restoration. This curriculum will be developed through the collaborative efforts
of Portland State University and Portland Public Schools. The certificate program is envisioned to be an end use
degree which qualifies participants for the emerging career and job opportunities within this region. The
certificate can also be used as a prerequisite qualification to a further degree in higher education.
The project activity will include work on the Columbia Slough. an important water way in Portland. The
Columbia Slough is an 18 mile long waterway which is a remnant of the historic Columbia River flood plain and
wetlands. The slough begins in the headwaters of Fairview Creek in Gresham which travels north to Fairview
Lake and then through agricultural and urban land uses before emptying into the Willamette River. Water quality
in the Portland urban area has been degraded by human activity and land use practices. The Slough has been
designated "water quality limited" meaning that its water quality does not meet state water quality standards.
Point source and non point source pollution have caused these degraded conditions and resulting loss of beneficial
uses in many streams within the urban area AmeriCorps participants will be trained in habitat restoration mid
natural resource management skills while working to restore a portion of the Columbia Slough at the pond on the
Whitaker School site.
The work program components of this project are as follows:
⑉ Inter-agency consortium of project sponsors and partners to develop program standards and guide
implementation;
- Technical program team to develop work program and quality control standards for project implementation;
- Education program for participants which is built from a curriculum based on applied learning and project
experience;
- Curriculum and educational standards for the newly classified position of natural resource conservation and
restoration technician.
(2)
Conservation and Youth Development Project This project is for 12 participants who are currently
enrolled in college and are pursuing educational and career goals in either natural resource management or youth
development. This project furthers the work that each of the sponsoring agencies have initiated in the last few
years to involve youth in conservation work. The participants will provide
supervision and educational support to 40-50 high school aged youth of diverse backgrounds over a two-year
period. Each of the 12 AmeriCorps participants will be involved full-time for two summers supervising youth
work crews and will be involved part-time during the school year providing mentoring and supervision of the high
school students on work projects after school and on week-ends. The total time spent in this project for these
participants will be 1700 hours. This project will fill an important need in this community. For the past few
years each of the sponsoring agencies to this proposal have been involved in the development, funding and
supervision of youth conservation work/education work crews. However, most of this work has been conducted
in the summer, with little or no connection to the school-based learning of the youth participant. This proposed
project will enable that work to be expanded to have the direct involvement of college students and to provide
continuity from constructive summer-time activities to the school-time classroom setting. This continuity of
programming will provide a strong basis for preparing the participants for their careers and will enable the high
school youth to be exposed to positive role models throughout the school year.
In addition, an important component in this program is the role of modeling which occurs as the result of one-on-
one interaction. This relationship is especially vital for youth suffering educational discouragement. First, these
youth often mask their fears of inadequacy by adopting behaviors which become reinforced when displayed before
peers in the classroom. This contributes to a cycle of continued alienation and discouragement, often to a point
where the classroom becomes anything but a context for learning.
A mentoring program pairing high-school youth with college students, many of whom will be from their own
neighborhood. is one process by which outside resources may be channeled back into struggling communities.
Helping students to identify their goals in terms of community-wide needs will allow them to place themselves in
much better position to connect and contribute than would otherwise be possible. By learning how to re-cast a
perception of their neighborhood environment from one of discouragement to opportunity, students will learn to
shape a context for on-going positive reinforcement.
An important part of this project is the development of an education and work experience component for high
school youth participation. AmeriCorps participants will be designing work projects in the target areas which
integrate with learning activities within the school. In this regard, the urban natural resource areas, in many
cases in or near their own neighborhood, will become apprenticeship training
"labs" for the high school youth which will help further their education and vocation/career preparation through
practical experience. During the school year, the high school apprentices will participate in preparing plans,
completing inventories, canvassing the community, etc., in preparation for field work projects in the natural
resources areas. During the summer, the teams will work full-time on these projects. Apprenticeship teams will
be given responsibility for planning and completing different project elements, including the following:
- Construction of trails - Construction of signage and interpretive exhibits - Vegetation, landscaping and wildlife
habitat restoration - Preparing educational presentations to community groups and other students
(NEED SPECIFICS OF HOW THIS WILL BE MODIFIED TO MEET THE AMERICORPS VISION.)
C. Participant Training and Support
Participants for the two projects will be trained through a combination of staff and faculty resources from the
sponsoring agencies. The Portland Parks Bureau and Metro will provide orientation and field training for
participants performing conservation work and supervising youth work crews in the natural resources areas
targeted by this project. Through direct involvement, Portland State faculty will provide employability and skill
training as well as educational support for participants in the program. This will provide an opportunity for the
participants who are not in collage to gain access to higher education and for those in college to sustain and
enhance their education.
d. Participant Placement and Supervision
Participants will be placed in projects as determined by a planning committee comprised of representatives from
the sponsoring agencies. These placements will be consistent with the priorities established within Metrols Green
Spaces program and the City of Portland's Natural Resource Management Areas. Supervision of participants will
be provided by Portland Park Bureau and Metro staff which provide management services to the project areas. In
addition, the proposed budget funds two crew supervisor positions to provide in-the-field supervision for the
Whitaker Ponds/Columbia Slough Pilot Project.
Participant Profile and Recruitment Strategy
(NEED SPECIFICS)
Participant Benefits
(NEED SPECIFICS)
Internal Evaluation and Monitoring Activities
(NEED SPECIFICS)
Institutional and Personnel Information
(NEED SPECIFICS)
Budget and Budget Narrative
Program Costs and Funding
Each of the sponsors bring both a programmatic and financial commitment to the success of this program. For
the past several years, Metro has funded urban conservation programs which involve youth through their Green
Spaces program. In addition, Metro has recently consolidated with the Multnomah County Parks Department
which has been involved in the
sponsorship or youth work experience activities in the County's natural areas. The Community Assistance Office
in Portland of the Soil Conservation Service represents the area's Soil and Water Conservation Districts which
have provided important programmatic and funding support for youth conservation activities in the region. This
support will be expanded to reflect the importance of this project to the long term interest of the Soil and Water
Conservation Districts in the development of youth conservation work experience and education programming.
The City of Portland Parks and Recreation and the Bureau of Environmental Services have been involved with the
funding and supervision of youth conservation programs for several years. Staff from each of these city bureaus
will provide important in the-field supervision to the work crews. Portland State University, through the Portland
Educational Network, has committed an annual budget of over *$400,000 to address urban youth issues. An
important element of this program has been the provision of educational and funding support to area high schools
for service learning opportunities for at-risk youth in the target areas of Portland. The Portland Public Schools,
in partnership with the Portland Educational Network at Portland State University, is actively participating in on-
going and proposed efforts to expand opportunities for youth in service learning and conservation related work.
The following budget provides detail to the program expenses for both projects being proposed:
Participant Stipends: Participant stipends of $7,500 per participant in project #1 (full time) and $3,750 per
participant in project #2 (part time) plus FICA, Worker's Compensation and Health Care benefits will be funded
at the rate of 85% budget request and 15% match from sponsoring agencies. $30,000 has been approved and
budgeted for the fiscal year 1994-95. The remainder of match will be obtained from subsequent year budgets of
sponsor agencies.
Project Staff: Two project staff are proposed: the Project Coordinator will be responsible for hiring participants,
coordinating educational programs with schools, developing funding support and managing expenditures. This
position will be hired 3 months prior to the program to facilitate start-up. The Crew Supervisor position will be
responsible for driving the van transporting participants to work sites and in the field supervision for project #1.
Youth Summer Crew members: wages for a total of 80 youth over two summers will be provided by sponsor
agencies. Youth crew members will be recruited from targeted high schools and will work with the mentor
AmeriCorps participants over the course of the school year, culminating in an 8 week work experience and
education project in the summer.
Education Support: High school and college faculty will provide educational support for crew participants. This
will include instruction in GED (project #1), special demonstrations, curriculum support for high school students
participating in the program (project #2). and field trips. Funding for this educational support will be from
sponsoring agencies. In addition. funds are requested for specialized training needs of participants including
orientation, conflict resolution, cultural diversity training and job readiness skills.
Transportation: Funds are requested for two year lease of one 15 person van (project #1) and ten week lease of
four 12 person vans each of the two program year's to transport youth work crews to sites. In addition funds are
requested for travel allowance for staff to attend training and conferences.
Equipment and supplies: Funds being requested for uniforms and work equipment will be matched by sponsoring
agencies and donations from local businesses.
Participant supportive services: Funds are requested for child care expenses for children of participants (project
#1). In addition bus allowances and educational materials for participants will be made available as needed.
Internal Evaluation Monitoring: Evaluation services will be cost shared with the Corporation and Portland State
University.
Administrative Services: Funds are requested for payroll services, office expenses, telephone, photocopying, and
correspondence with match from sponsoring agencies.
TO USE THIS FORM COMPLETE SECTION BELOW:
Use column C only
Program Name...
# RURAL DEV
20
20
# ENV CORPS
0
0
THIS CHART IS TAILOR MADE FOR PORTLAND ONLY
20 IN
FORMULAS FOR GRANTEE SHARE
ENV CORPS
CORPSHARE
AGENCYSHA
PARTNER
A. Participant Costs
AMOUNT
AMOUNT
SHARE
Training & Ed.
10,000
16,000
26,000
Uniforms
400
2
402
Other 1
0
2
0
3
0
Subtotal
10,400
16,002
26,400
0
B. Staff
0
Salaries
0
43,990
98,590
Benefits
0
901
901
Training
2,000
1,500
3,500
Other 1
0
2
0
3
0
Subtotal
2,000
46,391
160,800
0
C.
Operational
0
Travel
5,000
5,000
10,000
Transp.
2,600
1,500
4,100
Supplies
0
7,000
40,000
Equipment
0
6,000
30,500
Other 1
0
2
0
3
0
Subtotal
7,600
19,500
66,600
0
D. Internal Evaluation Monitoring
0
0
Amount
1,200
6,000
Subtotal
0
1,200
6,000
0
E.
Administration
0
Amount
0
4,125
19,856
Subtotal
0
4,125
19,850
0
F. OTHER PART COSTS
0
Living Allowance
300,000
323,040
FICA
22,950
22,950
Workers Comp
15,000
15,000
Health Care
24,000
24,000
Alt Health Care
0
Other
0
TOTAL
361,950
0
384,090
0
GRAND TOTAL
381,950
87,218
603,650
Paoet181920212223242526.27 23 24 26
April 18, 1994
NATIONAL FOREST SYSTEM
AMERICORPS AUTHORITIES AND APPROPRIATIONS
APPROPRIATIONS
AUTHORIZING LEGISLATION
CONSTRUCTION
Al Trail Construction
National Forest Roads & Trails Act of 1964,
CNTR
1964, Sec. 1. --- Act of October 13, 1964
- P.L. 88-657, 78 Stat. 1089, as amended;
- 16 U.S.C. 532-538.
NATIONAL FOREST SYSTEM
Wildlife
A2
Anadromous Fish Habitat OPS
Multiple-Use Sustained-Yield Act of 1960,
NFAF
Sec. 1. Act of June 12, 1960
- P.L. 86-517,74 Stat. 215;
- 16 U.S.C. 528 (note), 528-531.
Fish and Wildlife Conservation Act of 1980,
Sec. 2. (c), (1) Act of September 29,1980.
- P.L. 96- 366, 96 Stat. 1322,
- 16 U.S.C. 2901 (note), 2901-2904;
- 16 U.S.C. 2905-2911.
A3 Inland Fish OPS & IMP
Multiple-Use Sustained-Yield Act of 1960
NFIF
Sec. 1. Act of June 12, 1960.
- P.L. 86-517, 74 Stat.215;
- 16 U.S.C. 528 (note), 528-531.
A4 T&E & Sensitive Species
Endangered Species Act of 1973,
NFTE
Sec. 2. (c) (1). Act of December 28, 1973.
- P.L. 93-205, 87 Stat. 884, as amended;
- 16 U.S.C. 1531-1536, 1538-1540.
A5
Wildlife Habitat OPS & IMP
Fish and Wildlife Conservation Act of 1980,
NFWL
Sec. 2. (b) (2). Act of September 29, 1980
- P.L. 96-366, 96 Stat. 1322,
16 U.S.C. 2901 (note), 2901-2904;
16 U.S.C. 2905-2911.
Range
A6
Range Improvements
Public Rangelands Improvements Act of 1978,
NFIP
Sec. 2. (b) (2). Act of October 25, 1978.
- P.L. 95-514, 92 Stat. 1806;
- 43 U.S.C. 1901-1908.
Multiple-Use Sustained-Yield Act of 1960
Sec. 1.------------ Act of June 12, 1960.
- P.L. 86-517, 74 Stat. 215;
- 16 U.S.C. 528 (note), 528-531)
A7
Range Vegetation Management
Public Rangelands Improvements Act of 1978,
NFVM
Sec. 2. (b), (2). Act of October 25, 1978.
- P.L. 95-514, 92 Stat. 1806;
- 43 U.S.C. 1901-1908.
Multiple-Use Sustained-Yield Act of 1960,
Sec. 1.
Act of June 12, 1960.
- P.L. 86-517, 74 Stat. 215;
- 16 U.S.C. 528 (note), 528-531.
Timber
A8
Reforestation
Knutson-Vandenberg Act, Sec. 2.
NFRF
Act of June 9, 1930.
- P.L. 71-319, Ch. 416, 46 Stat. 527,
as amended;
- 16 U.S.C. 576, 576a-576b.
Multiple-Use Sustained-Yield Act of 1960,
Sec. 1.
Act of June 12, 1960.
- P.L. 86-517, 74 Stat. 215;
- 16 U.S.C. 528 (note), 528-531.
A9 Timber Stand Improvement
Knutson-Vandenberg Act, Sec. 2.
NFTI
Act of June 9, 1930.
- P.L. 71-319, Ch. 416, 46 Stat. 527,
as amended;
- 16 U.S.C. 576, 576a-576b.
Multiple-Use Sustained-Yield Act of 1960,
Sec. 1.
Act of June 12, 1960.
- P.L. 86-517, 74 Stat. 215;
- 16 U.S.C. 528 (note), 528-531.
Recreation
A10 Recreation Management
Federal Land Policy and Management Act of
NFRM
1976, Sec. 102 (8).
Act of October 21, 1976
- P.L. 94-579, 90 Stat. 2743, as amended;
- 43 U.S.C. 1701-1702, 1711-1723,
1732-1737,1740-1742, 1744, 1746-1748,
1751-1753, 1761-1771, 1781-1782.
Multiple-Use Sustained-Yield Act of 1960,
Sec. 1.
Act of June 12, 1960.
- P.L. 86-517, 74 Stat. 215;
- 16 U.S.C. 528 (note), 528-531.
All Forest Trail Maintenance
National Trails System Act, Sec. 2. (a).
NFTR
Act of October 2, 1968.
- P.L. 90-543, 82 Stat. 919, as amended;
- 16 U.S.C. 1241 (note), 1241-1251.
National Trails System Improvements Act of
1988. Sec. 2 (1) - Act of October 4, 1988.
- P.L. 100-470, 102 Stat. 2281;
- 16 U.S.C. 1241 (note);
- 12 U.S.C. 1248 (note).
Watershed & Soils
A12 Soil & Water Resource
Forest & Rangeland Renewable Resources
NFSI Improvements
Planning Act of 1974
- Act of August 17, 1974 (P.L. 93-378,
- 88 Stat. 476, as amended; 16 U.S.C.
- 1600 (note), 1600-1614)
National Forest
National Forest Management Act of 1976
- Act of October 22, 1976 (P.L. 94-588,
- 90 Stat. 2949, as amended; 16 U.S.C.
- 472a, 476, 476 (note), 500, 513-516,
- 518, 521b, 528 (note), 576b, 594-2 (note)
- 1600 (note), 1601 (note), 1600-1602, 1604
1606, 1608-1614)
National Forest Roads and Trails Act
Act of October 13, 1964 (P.L. 88-657, 78 Stat. 1089, as amended;
16 U.S.C. 532-538)
Declaration and Purpose
Easements
Sec. 1. The Congress hereby
Sec. 3. An easement granted
finds and declares that the construc-
under this Act may be terminated by
tion and maintenance of an adequate
consent of the owner of the ease-
system of roads and trails within and
ment, by condemnation, or after a
near the National Forests and other
five year period of nonuse the Secre-
lands administered by the Forest
tary may, if he finds the owner has
Service is essential if increasing
abandoned the easement, make a de-
demands for timber, recreation, and
termination to cancel it. Before the
other uses of such lands are to be
Secretary may cancel an easement
met; that the existence of such a
for nonuse the owner of such ease-
system would have the effect, among
ment must be notified of the determi-
other things, of increasing the value
nation to cancel and be given, upon
of timber and other resources tribu-
his request made within sixty days
tary to such roads; and that such a
after receipt of the notice, a hearing
system is essential to enable the
in accordance with such rules and
Secretary of Agriculture (hereinafter
regulations, as may be issued by the
called the Secretary) to provide for
Secretary. (16 U.S.C. 534)
intensive use, protection, develop-
ment, and management of these
Road Construction
lands under principles of multiple
use and sustained yield of products
Sec. 4. The Secretary is autho-
and services. (16 U.S.C. 532)
rized to provide for the acquisition,
construction, and maintenance of
Rights-of-Way Authorization
forest development roads within and
near the National Forests and other
Sec. 2. The Secretary is autho-
lands administered by the Forest
rized, under such regulations as he
Service in locations and according to
may prescribe, subject to the provi-
specifications which will permit
sions of this Act, to grant permanent
maximum economy in harvesting
or temporary easements for specified
timber from such lands tributary to
periods or otherwise for road rights-
such roads and at the same time
of-way (1) over National Forest
meet the requirements for protection,
lands administered by the Forest
development, and management
Service, and (2) over any other
thereof, and for utilization of the
related lands with respect to which
other resources thereof. Financing of
the Department of Agriculture has
such roads may be accomplished (1)
rights under the terms of the grant to
by the Secretary utilizing appropriat-
it. (16 U.S.C. 533)
ed funds, (2) by requirements on
(319)
Multiple-Use Sustained-Yield Act of 1960
Act of June 12, 1960 (P.L. 86-517, 74 Stat. 215; 16 U.S.C. 528(note),
528-531)
Sec. 1. It is the policy of the
agencies and others in the develop-
Congress that the National Forests
ment and management of the Na-
are established and shall be adminis-
tional Forests. (16 U.S.C. 530)
tered for outdoor recreation, range,
timber, watershed, and wildlife and
Sec. 4. As used in this Act, the
fish purposes. The purposes of this
following terms shall have the fol-
Act are declared to be supplemental
lowing meanings:
to, but not in derogation of, the
(a) "Multiple use" means the
purposes for which the National
management of all the various re-
Forests were established as set forth
newable surface resources of the
in the Act of June 4, 1897 (16
National Forests so that they are
U.S.C. 475). Nothing herein shall
utilized in the combination that will
be construed as affecting the juris-
best meet the needs of the American
diction or responsibilities of the
people; making the most judicious
several States with respect to wild-
use of the land for some or all of
life and fish on the National Forests.
these resources or related services
Nothing herein shall be construed so
over areas large enough to provide
as to affect the use or lands or ad-
sufficient latitude for periodic ad-
ministration of the mineral resources
justments in use to conform to
of National Forest lands or to affect
changing needs and conditions; that
the use or administration of Federal
some land will be used for less than
lands not within National Forests.
all of the resources; and harmonious
(16 U.S.C. 528)
and coordinated management of the
various resources, each with the
Sec. 2. The Secretary of Agricul-
other, without impairment of the
ture is authorized and directed to
productivity of the land, with con-
develop and administer the renew-
sideration being given to the relative
able surface resources of the Nation-
values of the various resources, and
al Forests for multiple use and sus-
not necessarily the combination of
tained yield of the several products
uses that will give the greatest dol-
and services obtained therefrom. In
lar return or the greatest unit output.
the administration of the National
(b) "Sustained yield of the several
Forests due consideration shall be
products and services" means the
given to the relative values of the
achievement and maintenance in
various resources in particular areas.
perpetuity of a high-level annual or
The establishment and maintenance
regular periodic output of the vari-
of areas of wilderness are consistent
ous renewable resources of the
with the purposes and provisions of
National Forests without impairment
this Act. (16 U.S.C. 529)
of the productivity of the land. (16
U.S.C. 531)
Sec. 3. In the effectuation of this
Act the Secretary of Agriculture is
Sec. 5. This Act may be cited as
authorized to cooperate with inter-
the "Multiple-Use Sustained-Yield
ested State and local governmental
Act of 1960." (16 U.S.C. 528(note))
(275)
Endangered Species Act of 1973
endangered species and threatened
(3) The terms "conserve",
species may be conserved, to pro-
"conserving", and "conservation"
vide a program for the conservation
mean to use and the use of all meth-
Act of December 28, 1973 (P.L. 93-205, 87 Stat. 884, as amended;
of such endangered species and
ods and procedures which are neces-
16 U.S.C. 1531-1536, 1538-1540)
threatened species, and to take such
sary to bring any endangered spe-
steps as may be appropriate to
cies or threatened species to the
achieve the purposes of the treaties
point at which the measures provid-
This Act may be cited as the
(3) these species of fish, wild-
and conventions set forth in subsec-
ed pursuant to this Act are no lon-
"Endangered Species Act of 1973."
life, and plants are of aesthetic, eco-
don (a) of this section.
ger necessary. Such methods and
logical, educational, historical, recre-
(c) Policy.-
procedures include, but are not
Table of Contents
ational, and scientific value to the
(1) It is further declared to be
limited to, all activities associated
Nation and its people;
the policy of Congress that all Fed-
with scientific resources manage-
Sec. 2. Findings, purposes, and
(4) the United States has
eral departments and agencies shall
ment such as research, census, law
policy.
pledged itself as a sovereign state in
seek to conserve endangered and
enforcement, habitat acquisition and
Sec. 3.
Definitions.
the international community to
threatened species and shall use
maintenance, propagation, live trap-
Sec. 4. Determination of endan-
conserve to the extent practicable
their authorities in furtherance of the
ping. and transplaritation, and, in the
gered species and threat-
the various species of fish or wild-
purpose of this Act.
extraordinary case where population
ened species.
life and plants facing extinction,
(2) It is further declared to be
pressures within a given ecosystem
Sec. 5. Land acquisition.
pursuant to
the policy of Congress that Federal
cannot be otherwis relieved, may
Sec. 6. Cooperation with the
(A) migratory bird treaties
agencies shall cooperate with State
include regulated taking.
States.
with Canada and Mexico;
and local agencies to resolve water
(4) The term "Convention"
Sec. 7. Interagency cooperation.
(B) the Migratory and En-
resource issues in concert with con-
means the Convention on Interna-
Sec. 8. International cooperation.
dangered Bird Treaty with Japan;
servation of endangered species. It
tional Trade in Endangered Species
Sec. 8A. Convention implementa-
(C) the Convention on Na-
is further declared to be the policy
of Wild Fauna and Flora, signed on
tion.
ture Protection and Wildlife Preser-
of Congress that all Federal depart-
March 3, 1973, and the appendices
Sec. 9. Prohibited acts.
vation in the Western Hemisphere;
ments and agencies shall seek to
thereto.
Sec. 10. Exceptions.
(D) the International Con-
conserve endangered species and
(5)(A) The term "critical habi-
Sec. 11. Penalties and enforcement.
vention for the Northwest Atlantic
threatened species and shall utilize
tat" for a threatened or endangered
Sec. 12. Endangered plants.
Fisheries
their authorities in furtherance of the
species means—
Sec. 13. Conforming amendments.
(E) the International Con-
purposes of this Act. (16 U.S.C.
(i) the specific areas within
Sec. 14. Repeater.
vention for the High Seas Fisheries
1531).
the geographical area occupied by
Sec. 15. Authorization of appropri-
of the North Pacific Ocean;
the species, at theltime it is listed in
ations.
(F) the Convention on Inter-
Definitions
accordance with the provisions of
Sec. 16. Effective date.
national Trade in Endangered Spe-
section 4 of this Act, on which are
Sec. 17. Marine Mammal Protec-
cies of Wild Fauna and Flora; and
Sec. 3. For the purposes of this
found those physical or biological
tion Act of 1972.
(G) other international
Act-
features (I) essential to the conser-
agreements; and
(1) The term "alternative
vation of the species and (II) which
Findings, Purposes, and Policy
(5) encouraging the States and
courses of action" means all alterna-
may require special management
other interested parties, through
tives and thus is not limited to origi-
considerations or protection; and
Sec. 2. (a) Findings.-The Con-
Federal financial assistance and a
nal project objectives and agency
(ii) specific areas outside
gress finds and declares that—
system of incentives, to develop and
jurisdiction.
the geographical area occupied by
(1) various species of fish,
maintain conservation programs
(2) The term "commercial
the species at the time it is listed in
wildlife, and plants in the United
which meet national and international
activity" means all activities of
accordance with the provisions of
States have been rendered extinct as
standards is a key to meeting the
industry and trade, including, but
section 4 of this Act, upon a deter-
a consequence of economic growth
Nation's international commitments
not limited to, the buying or selling
mination by the Secretary that such
and development untempered by
and to better safeguarding, for the
of commodities and activities con-
areas are essential for the conserva-
adequate concern and conservation;
benefit of all citizens, the Nation's
ducted for the purpose of facilitating
tion of the species.
(2) other species of fish, wild-
heritage in fish and wildlife.
such buying and selling: Provided,
(B) Critical habitat may be
life, and plants have been so deplet-
(b) Purposes.-The purposes of
however, That it does not include
established for those species now
ed in numbers that they are in dan-
this Act are to provide a means
exhibition of commodities by muse-
listed as threatened or endangered
ger of or threatened with extinction;
whereby the ecosystems upon which
ums or similar cultural or historical
species for which no critical habitat
organizations.
has heretofore been established as
(538)
(539)
Endangered Spring 1973
(A) which is then a party to
Account established under 1016 of
in cooperation with, the prospective
(III) the estimated date on
a cooperative agreement with the
the Act of July 18, 1984.
permit or license applicant if the
Secretary pursuant to subsection (c)
(2) Amounts deposited into the
which consultation will be complet-
applicant has reason to believe that
ed; or
of this section (except to the extent
special fund are authorized to be
an endangered species may be pres-
that the taking of any such species
appropriated annually and allocated
(ii) if the consultation peri-
ent in the area affected by his pro-
is contrary to the law of such State):
in accordance with subsection (d) of
od proposed to be agreed to will
ject and that implementation of such
this section. (16 U.S.C. 1535)
end 150 or more days after the date
or
action will likely affect such spe-
on which consultation was initiated,
(B) except for any time
cies.
within the establishment period
Interagency Cooperation
obtains the consent of the applicant
(4) Each Federal agency shall
to such period.
when-
confer with the Secretary of any
(i) the Secretary applies
Sec. 7. (a) Federal Agency Ac-
The Secretary and the Federal
agency action which is likely to
such prohibition to such species at
tions and Consultations.-
agency may mutually agree to ex-
jeopardize the continued existence
(1) The Secretary shall review
tend a consultation period estab-
the request of the State, or
of any species proposed to be listed
other programs administered by him
lished under the preceding sentence
(ii) the Secretary applies
under section 1533 of this title or
such prohibition after he finds, and
and utilize such programs in further-
if the Secretary, before the close of
result in the destruction or adverse
publishes his finding, that an emer-
ance of the purposes of this Act.
such period, obtains the consent of
gency exists posing a significant
All other Federal agencies shall, in
modification of critical habitat pro-
the applicant to the extension.
posed to be designated for such
risk to the well-being of such spe-
consultation with and with the assis-
(2) Consultation under subsec-
species. This paragraph does not
cies and that the prohibition must be
tance of the Secretary, utilize their
tion (a)(3) shall be concluded within
require a limitation on the commit-
authorities in furtherance of the
such period as is agreeable to the
applied to protect such species. The
ment of resources as described in
purposes of this chapter by carrying
Secretary the Federal agency. and
Secretary's finding and publication
subsection (d) of this section.
may be made without regard to the
out programs for the conservation of
the applicant concerned.
(b) Opinion of Secretary.-
public hearing or comment provi-
endangered species and threatened
(3)(4) Promptly after conclu-
(1)(A) Consultation under
sions of section 553 of Title 5 or
species listed pursuant to section 4
sion of consultation under paragraph
subsection (a)(2) with respect to any
(2) or (3) of subsection (a), the
any other provision of this chapter;
of this title.
agency shall be concluded within
(2) Each Federal agency shall,
Secretary shall provide to the Feder-
but such prohibition shall expire 90
the 90-day period beginning on the
in consultation with and with the
al agency and the applicant, if any,
days after the date of its imposition
date on which initiated or, subject to
unless the Secretary further extends
assistance of the Secretary, insure
a written statement setting forth the
subparagraph (B), within such other
such prohibition by publishing no-
that any action authorized, funded,
Secretary opinion, and a summary
period of time as is mutually agree-
of the information on which the
tice and a statement of justification
or carried out by such agency (here-
able to the Secretary and the Federal
of such extension.
inafter in this section referred to as
opinion is, based, detailing how the
agency.
(h) Regulations. The Secretary is
an "agency action") is not likely to
agency action affects the species or
(B) In the case of an agency
jeopardize the continued existence
its critical habitat. If jeopardy or
authorized to promulgate such regu-
action involving a permit or license
adverse modification is found, the
lations as may be appropriate to
of any endangered species or threat-
applicant, the Secretary and the
carry out the provisions of this
ened species or result in the destruc-
Secretary shall suggest those reason-
tion or adverse modification of
Federal agency may not mutually
able and prudent alternatives which
section relating to financial assis-
agree to conclude consultation with-
habitat of such species which is
he believes would not violate sub-
tance to States.
in a period exceeding 90 days un-
determined by the Secretary, after
section (a)(2) and can be taken by
(i) Appropriations.
less the Secretary, before the close
consultation as appropriate with
the Federal agency or applicant in
(1) To carry out the provisions
of the 90th day referred to in sub-
affected States, to be critical, unless
implementing the agency action.
of this section for fiscal years after
paragraph (A)-
(B) Consultation under
September 30, 1988, there shall be
such agency has been granted an
(i) if the consultation period
deposited into a special fund known
exemption for such action by the
subsection (a)(3), and an opinion
proposed to be agreed to will end
as the cooperative endangered spe-
Committee pursuant to subsection
issued by the Secretary incident to
before the 150th day after the date
cies conservation fund, to be admin-
(h) of this section. In fulfilling the
such consultation, regarding an
on which consultation was initiated,
agency action shall be treated re-
istered by the Secretary. an amount
requirements of this paragraph each
submits to the applicant a written
spectively as a consultation under
equal to 5 percent of the combined
agency shall use the best scientific
statement setting forth—
and commercial data available.
subsection (a)(2), and an opinion
amounts covered each fiscal year
(I) the reasons why a longer
issued after consultation under such
into the Federal aid to wildlife res-
(3) Subject to such guidelines
period is required.
subsection, regarding that action if
toration fund under section 669b of
as the Secretary may establish, a
(II) the information that is
the Secretary reviews the action
this title, and paid, transferred, or
Federal agency shall consult with
required to complete the consulta-
before it is commenced by the Fed-
otherwise credited each fiscal year
the Secretary on any prospective
tion, and
eral agency and finds, and notifies
to the Sport Fishing Restoration
agency action at the request of, and
(552)
(553)
Fish and Wildlife Conservation Act of 1980
Act of September 29, 1980 (P.L. 96-366, 96 Stat. 1322, 16 U.S.C.
2901(note), 2901-2904; 16 U.S.C. 2905-2911)
Short Title
and fishing equipment. These tradi-
tional financing mechanisms are
Sec. 1. That this Act may be
neither adequate nor fully appropri-
cited as the "Fish and Wildlife Con-
ate to meet the conservation needs
servation Act of 1980". (16 U.S.C.
of nongame fish and wildlife.
2901 (note))
(5) Each State should be en-
couraged to develop, revise, and
Declaration of Findings and Pur-
implement, in consultation with
pose
appropriate Federal, State, and local
and regional agencies, a plan for the
Sec. 2. (a) Findings.-The Con-
conservation of fish and wildlife,
gress finds and declares the follow-
particularly those species which are
ing-
indigenous to the State.
(1) Fish and wildlife are of
(b) Purpose.-It is the purpose of
ecological, educational, aesthetic,
this Act-
cultural, recreational, economic, and
(1) to provide financial and
scientific value to the Nation.
technical assistance to the States
(2) The improved conservation
for the development, revision, and
and management of fish and wild-
implementation of conservation
life, particularly nongame fish and
plans and programs for nongame
wildlife, will assist in restoring and
fish and wildlife; and
maintaining fish and wildlife and in
(2) to encourage all Federal
assuring a productive and more
departments and agencies to utilize
aesthetically pleasing environment
their statutory and administrative
for all citizens.
authority, to the maximum extent
(3) Many citizens, particularly
practicable and consistent with each
those residing in urban areas, have
agency's statutory responsibilities to
insufficient opportunity to partici-
conserve and to promote conserva-
pate in recreational and other pro-
tion of nongame fish and wildlife
grams designed to foster human
and their habitats, in furtherance of
interaction with fish and wildlife
the provisions of this Act. (16
and thereby are unable to have a
U.S.C. 2901)
greater appreciation and awareness
of the environment.
Definitions
(4) Historically, fish and wild-
life conservation programs have
Sec. 3. As used in this act-
been focused on the more recrea-
(1) The term "approved con-
tionally and commercially important
servation plan" means the conserva-
species within any particular ecosys-
tion plan of a State approved by the
tem. As a consequence such pro-
Secretary pursuant to section 5(a) of
grams have been largely financed by
this Act.
hunting and fishing license revenues
(2) The term "conservation
or excise taxes on certain hunting
plan" means a plan developed by a
(836)
rangelands so that they become as
in this Act such term applies to the
Public Rangelands Improvement Act of 1978
productive as feasible for all range-
sixteen contiguous Western States.
land values in accordance with
(c) The term "grazing permit and
management objectives and the land
lease" means any document autho-
Act of October 25, 1978 (P.L. 95-$14, 92 Stat. 1806; 43 U.S.C.
use planning process established
rizing use of public lands or lands
1901-1908)
pursuant to section 202 of the Fed-
in National Forests in the sixteen
eral Land Policy and Management
contiguous Western States for the
Act (43 U.S.C. 1712);
purpose of grazing domestic live-
Findings and Declaration of Policy
improvement program involving
(3) charge a fee for public
stock.
significant increases in levels of
grazing use which is equitable and
(d) The term "range condition"
Sec. 2. (a) The Congress finds
rangeland management and im-
reflects the concerns addressed in
means the quality, of the land re-
and declares that-
provement funding for multiple-use
paragraph (a)(5) above;
flected in its ability in specific vege-
(1) vast segments of the public
values;'
(4) continue the policy of
tative areas to support various levels
rangelands are producing less than
(5) to prevent economic dis-
protecting wild free-roaming horses
of productivity in accordance with
their potential for livestock, wildlife
ruption and harm to the western
and burros from capture, branding,
range management objectives and
habitat, recreation, forage, and water
livestock industry, it is in the public
harassment, or death, while at the
the land use planning process, and
and soil conservation benefits, and
interest to charge a fee for livestock
same time facilitating the removal
relates to soil quality, forage values
for that reason are in an unsatisfac-
grazing permits and leases on the
and disposal of excess wild
(whether seasonal or year round),
tory condition;
public lands which is based on a
free-roaming horses and burros
wildlife habitat, watershed and plant
(2) such rangelands will re-
formula reflecting annual changes in
which pose a threat to themselves
communities, the present state of
main in an unsatisfactory condition
the costs of production.
and their habitat and to other range-
vegetation of a range site in relation
and some areas may decline further
(6) The Act of December 15,
land values;
to the potential plant community for
under present levels of, and funding
1971 (85 Stat. 649, 16 U.S.C. 1331
(c) The policies of this Act shall
that site, and the relative degree to
for, management;
et seq.), continues to be successful
become effective only as specific
which the kinds, proportions, and
(3) unsatisfactory conditions
in its goal of protecting wild free-
statutory authority for their imple-
amounts of vegetation in a plant
on public rangelands present a high
roaming horses and burros from
mentation is enacted by this Act or
community resemble that of the
risk of soil loss, desertification, and
capture, branding, harassment, and
by subsequent legislation, and shall
desired community for that site.
a resultant underproductivity for
death, but that certain amendments
be construed as supplemental to and
(c) The term "native vegetation"
large acreages of the public lands;
are necessary thereto to avoid exces-
not in derogation of the purposes for
means those plant species, commu-
contribute significantly to unaccept-
sive costs in the administration of
which public rangelands are admin-
nities, or vegetative associations
able levels of siltation and salinity
the Act, and to facilitate the humane
istered under other provisions of
which are endemic to a given area
in major western watersheds includ-
adoption or disposal of excess wild
law. (43 U.S.C. 1901)
and which would normally be iden-
ing the Colorado River: negatively
free-roaming horses and burros
tified with a healthy and productive
impact the quality and availability
which because they exceed the
Sec. 3. As used in this Act-
range condition occurring as a result
of scarce western water supplies;
carrying capacity of the range, pose
(a) The terms "rangelands" or
of the natural vegetative process of
threaten important and frequently
a threat to their own habitat, fish,
"public rangelands" means lands
the area.
critical fish and wildlife habitat;
wildlife, recreation, water and soil
administered by the Secretary of the
(f) The term "range improve-
prevent expansion of the forage
conservation, domestic livestock
Interior through the Bureau of Land
ment" means any activity or pro-
resource and resulting benefits to
grazing, and other rangeland values;
Management or the Secretary of
gram on or relating to rangelands
livestock and wildlife production;
(b) The Congress therefore here-
Agriculture through the Forest Ser-
which is designed to improve pro-
increase surface runoff and flood
by establishes and reaffirms a na-
vice in the sixteen contiguous West-
duction of forage; change vegetative
danger; reduce the value of such
tional policy and commitment to:
em States on which there is domes-
composition: control patterns of use:
lands for recreational and aesthetic
(1) inventory and identify
tic livestock grazing or which the
provide water; stabilize soil and
purposes; and may ultimately lead
current public rangeland conditions
Secretary concerned determines may
water conditions; and provide habi-
to unpredictable and undesirable
and trends as a part of the inventory
be suitable for domestic livestock
tat for livestock and wildlife. The
long-term local and regional clima-
process required by section 201(a)
grazing.
term includes, but is not limited to,
tic and economic changes:
of the Federal Land Policy and
(b) The term "allotment manage-
structures, treatment projects, and
(4) the above-mentioned condi-
Management Act of 1976 (43
ment plan" is the same as defined in
use of mechanical means to accom-
tions can be addressed and corrected
U.S.C. 1711);
section 103(k), of the Federal Land
plish the desired results.
by an intensive public rangelands
(2) manage, maintain and
Policy Management Act of 1976 (43
(g) The term "court ordered envi-
maintenance, management, and
improve the condition of the public
U.S.C. 1702(k)), except that as used
ronmental impact statement" means
(800)
(799)
Knutson-Vandenberg Act
Act of June 9, 1930 (P.L. 71-319, Ch. 416, 46 Stat. 527, as amended;
16 U.S.C. 576, 576a-576b)
Sec. 1. The Secretary of Agricul-
lection or purchase of such seeds),
ture is hereby authorized.to establish
(3) cutting, destroying, or otherwise
forest tree nurseries and do all other
removing undesirable yees or other
things needful in preparation for
growth, on the National Forest land
planting on National Forests on the
cut over by the purchaser, in order
scale possible under the appropria-
to improve the future stand of tim-
tions authorized by this Act: Pro-
ber, or (4) protecting and improving
vided, That nothing in this Act shall
the future productivity of the renew-
be deemed 10 restrict the authority
able resources of the forest land on
of the said Secretary under other
such sale area, including sale area
authority of law. (16 U.S.C. 576)
improvement operation maintenance
and construction, reforestation and
Sec. 2. There is authorized to be
wildlife habitat management. Such
appropriated for each fiscal year
deposits shall be covered into the
after year ending June 30, 1934, not
Treasury and shall constitute a spe-
to exceed $400,000. to enable the
cial fund, which is hereby appropri-
Secretary of Agriculture to establish
ated and made available until ex-
and operate nurseries, to collect or
pended, to cover the cost to the
to purchase tree seed or young trees,
United States of such tree planting,
to plant trees, and to do all other
seed sowing, and forest-improvem-
things necessary for reforestation by
ent work, as the Secretary of Agri-
planting or seeding National Forests
culture may direct: Provided, That
and for the additional protection,
any portion of any deposit found to
care, and improvement of the result-
be in excess of the cost of doing
ing plantations or young growth. (16
said work shall, upon the determina-
U.S.C. 576a)
tion that it is so in excess. be trans-
ferred to miscellaneous receipts,
Sec. 3. The Secretary of Agricul-
Forest Service Fund, as a National
ture may, when in his judgment
Forest receipt of the fiscal year in
such action will be in the public
which such transfer is made: Pro-
interest, require any purchaser of
vided further, That the Secretary of
National Forest timber to make
Agriculture is authorized, upon
deposits of money in addition to the
application of the Secretary of the
payments for the timber, to cover
Interior, to furnish seedings, and/or
the cost to the United States of (1)
young trees for replanting of burn-
planting (including the production or
ed-over areas in any National Park.
purchase of young trees, (2) sowing
(16 U.S.C. 576b)
with tree seeds (including the col-
(123)
Federal Land Policy and Management Act of 1976
will provide for outdoor recreation
Definitions
and human occupancy and use;
(9) the United States receive
Sec. 103. Without altering in any
Act of October 21, 1976 (P.L. 94-579, 90 Stat. 2743, as amended;
fair market value of the use of the
way the meaning of the following
43 U.S.C. 1701(note), 1701-1702, 1711-1723, 1732-1737, 1740-1742,
public lands and their resources
terms as used in any other statute,
1744, 1746-1748, 1751-1753, 1761-1771, 1781-1782)
unless otherwise provided for by
whether or not such statute is re-
statute:
ferred to in, or amended by. this
(10) uniform procedures for
Act, as used in this Act-
Note-Implementing regula-
(4) the Congress exercise its -
any disposal of public land, acquisi-
(a) The term "areas of critical en-
tions are found at 36 CFR 251
constitutional authority to withdraw
tion of non-Federal land for public
vironmental concern" means areas
Subpart A, 43 CFR All Parts.
or otherwise designate or dedicate
purposes, and the exchange of such
within the public lands where spe-
federal lands for specified purposes
lands be established by statute, re-
cial management attention is re-
TITLE I - SHORT TITLE,
and that Congress delineate the
quiring each disposal, acquisition
quired (when such areas are devel-
DECLARATION OF POLICY,
extent to which the Executive may
and exchange to be consistent with
oped or used or where no develop-
AND DEFINITIONS
withdraw lands without legislative
the prescribed mission of the depart-
ment is required) to protect and pre-
action;
ment or agency involved, and re-
vent irreparable damage to impor-
Short Title
(5) in administering public
serving to the Congress review of
tant historic, cultural, or scenic
land statutes and exercising discre-
disposals in excess of a specified
values, fish and wildlife resources or
Sec. 101. This Act may be cited
tionary authority granted by them,
acreage;
other natural systems or processes,
as the "Federal Land Policy and
the Secretary be required to estab-
(11) regulations and plans for
or to protect life and safety from
Management Act of 1976". (43
lish comprehensive rules and regula-
the protection of public land areas
natural hazards.
U.S.C. 1701 (note))
tions after considering the views of
of critical environmental concern be
(b) The term "holder" means any
the general public: and to structure
promptly developed:
State or local governmental entity,
Declaration of Policy
adjudication procedures to assure
(12) the public lands be man-
individual, partnership, corporation,
adequate third party participation,
aged in a manner which recognizes
association, or other business entity
Sec. 102. (a) The Congress
objective procedures to assure ade-
the Nation's need for domestic
receiving or using a right-of-way
declares that it is the policy of the
quate third party participation, ob-
sources of minerals, food, timber,
under title V of this Act.
United States that-
jective administrative review of ini-
and fiber from the public lands in-
(c) The term "multiple use"
(1) the public lands be retained
tial decisions, and expeditious
cluding implementation of the Min-
means the managementof the public
in federal ownership, unless as a
decisionmaking;
ing and Minerals Policy Act of 1970
lands and their various resource
result of the land use planning pro-
(6) judicial review of public
(84 Stat. 1876, 30 U.S.C. 21a) as it
values so that they are utilized in
cedure provided for in this Act, it is
land adjudication decisions be pro-
pertains to the public lands; and
the combination that will best meet
determined that disposal of a partic-
vided by law;
(13) the federal government
the present and future needs of the
ular parcel will serve the national
(7) goals and objectives be es-
should, on a basis equitable to both
American people; making the most
interest;
tablished by law as guidelines for
the federal and local taxpayer, pro-
judicious use of the land for some
(2) the national interest will be
public land use planning. and that
vide for payments to compensate
or all of these resources or related
best realized if the public lands and
management be on the basis of
States and local governments for
services over areas large enough to
their resources are periodically and
multiple use and sustained yield un-
burdens created as a result of the
provide sufficient latitude for peri-
systematically inventoried and their
less otherwise specified by law;
immunity of federal lands from
odic adjustments in use to conform
present and future use is projected
(8) the public lands be man-
State and local taxation.
to changing needs and conditions;
through a land use planning process
aged in a manner that will protect
(b) The policies of this Act shall
the use of some land for less than
coordinated with other federal and
the quality of scientific, scenic, his-
become effective only as specific
all of the resources: a' combination
State planning efforts;
torical, ecological, environmental,
statutory authority for their imple-
of balanced and diverse resource
(3) public lands not previously
air and atmospheric, water resource,
mentation is enacted by this Act or
uses that takes into account the
designated for any specific use and
and archeological values; that,
by subsequent legislation and shall
long-term needs of future genera-
all existing classifications of public
where appropriate, will preserve and
then be construed as supplemental
tions for renewable and nonrenew-
lands that were effected by execu-
protect certain public lands in their
to and not in derogation of the
able resources, including, but not
tive action or statute before the date
natural condition; that will provide
purposes for which public lands are
limited to, recreation, range, timber,
of enactment of this Act be re-
food and habitat for fish and wild-
administered under other provisions
minerals, watershed, wildlife and
viewed in accordance with the pro-
life and domestic animals; and that
of law. (43 U.S.C. 1701)
fish, and natural scenic, scientific
visions of this Act;
(676)
(677)
Rails to Trails
(National Trails System Improvements Act of 1988)
National Trails System Act
Act of October 4, 1988 (P.L. 100-470, 102 Stat. 2281; 16 U.S.C.
Act of October 2, 1968 (P.L. 90-543, 82 Stat. 919, as amended;
1241(note); 12 U.S.C. 1248(note))
16 U.S.C. 1241(note), 1241-1251)
Short Title
nonprofit entities for trail purposes.
Sec. 1. This Act may be cited as
where appropriate, of trails. (16
(16 U.S.C. 1248(note))
the "National Trails System Act."
U.S.C. 1241)
Sec. 1. This Act may be cited as
(16 U.S.C. 1241(note))
the "National Trails System Im-
National Trails System Act
National Trails System
provements Act of 1988".
Amendments
Statement of Policy
Sec. 3. (a) The national system
Findings
Sec. 3. Section 9 of the National
Sec. 2. (a) In order to provide
of trails shall be composed of the
Trails System Act (16 U.S.C. 1248)
for the ever-increasing outdoor
following:
Sec. 2. Congress hereby finds
is amended by adding the following
recreation needs of an expanding
(1) National recreation trails,
that-
new subsections after subsection (b):
population and in order to promote
established as provided in section 4
(1) State and local govern-
(see P.L. 90-543)
the preservation of, public access to,
of this Act, which will provide a
ments have a special role to play
travel within, and enjoyment and
variety of outdoor recreation uses in
under the National Trails System
appreciation of the open-air, outdoor
or reasonably accessible to urban
Act in acquiring and developing
areas and historic resources of the
areas.
trails for recreation and conservation
Condemnation
Nation, trails should be established
(2) National scenic trails, es-
purposes.
(i) primarily, near the urban areas of
tablished as provided injection 5 of
(2) Many miles of public land
Sec. 5. (a) Nothing in this Act
the Nation, and (ii) secondarily,
this Act, which will be extended
rights-of-way have been granted to
shall be construed as authorizing the
within scenic areas and along histor-
trails so located as to provide for
the railroads by the United States,
Secretary of the Interior to use con-
ic travel routes of the Nation, which
maximum outdoor recreation poten-
and much of this mileage could be
demnation proceedings to retain or
are often more remotely located.
tial and for the conservation and
suitable for trail use at such time as
acquire all or any portion of a
(b) The purpose of this Act is to
enjoyment of the nationally signifi-
it may be abandoned.
right-of-way described in this Act.
provide the means for attaining
cant scenic, historic, natural, or
(3) The United States should
(b) Nothing in this Act shall be
these objectives by instituting a
cultural qualities of the areas
retain any residual interest it may
construed to expand or diminish
national system of recreation, scenic
through which such trails may pass.
have in such public land
existing condemnation authorities
and historic trails, by designating
National scenic trails may be locat-
rights-of-way and relinquish it,
contained in the National Trails
the Appalachian Trail and the Pacif-
ed so as to represent desert, marsh,
where appropriate, in favor of State
System Act, as amended. (16
ic Crest Trail as the initial compo-
grassland, mountain, canyon, river,
and local governments or other
U.S.C. 1248(note))
nents of that system, and by pre-
forest, and other areas, as well as
scribing the methods by which, and
landforms which exhibit significant
standards according to which, addi-
characteristics of the physiographic
tional components may be added to
region of the Nation.
the system.
(3) National historic trails,
(c) The Congress recognizes the
established as provided in section 5
valuable contributions that volun-
of this Act, which will be extended
teers and private, nonprofit trail
trails which follow as closely as
groups have made to the develop-
possible and practicable the original
ment and maintenance of the
trails or routes of travel of national
Nation's trails. In recognition of
historic significance. Designation of
these contributions, it is further the
such trails or routes shall be contin-
purpose of this Act to encourage
uous, but the established or devel-
and assist volunteer citizen involve-
oped trail, and the acquisition there-
ment in the planning, development,
of, need not be continuous on-site.
maintenance, and management,
National historic trails shall have as
(968)
(427)
nF.5
uses the character 'Woodsy Owl',
the name 'Woodsy Owl', or theass-
Forest and Rangeland Renewable Resources Planning
ociated slogan, 'Give a Hoot, Don't
Act of 1974
Pollute' shall be fined not more than
$250 or imprisoned not more than
six months, or both." (18 U.S.C.
Act of August 17, 1974 (P.L. 93-378, 88 Stat. 476, as amended;
711a)
16 U.S.C. 1600(note), 1600-1614)
Sec. 7. Section 3 of the Act
entitled "An Act prohibiting the
Sec. 1. This Act may be cited as
sound technical and ecological base
manufacture or use of the character
the "Forest and Rangeland Renew-
for effective management, use, and
"Smokey Bear" by unauthorized
able Resources Planning Act of
protection of the Nation's renewable
persons" (31 U.S.C. 488a) is amend-
1974". (16 U.S.C. 1600(note))
resources;
ed by striking out "under the provi-
(5) inasmuch as the majority
sions of section 711 of title 18". (16
Findings
of the Nation's forests and range-
U.S.C. 580p-2)
land is under private, State, and
Sec. 2. The Congress finds
local governmental management and
Sec. 8. The table of sections of
that-
the Nation's major capacity to pro-
chapter 33 of title 18, United States
(1) the management of the
duce goods and services is based on
Code, is amended by inserting im-
Nation's renewable resources is
these nonfederally managed renew-
mediately after the item relating to
highly complex and the uses, de-
able resources, the Federal Govern-
ection 711 the following:
mand for, and supply of the various
ment should be a catalyst to encour-
"Sec. 711a. 'Woodsy Owl' char-
resources are subject to change over
age and assist these owners in the
cter, name, or slogan.'
time;
efficient long-term use and improve-
(2) the public interest is served
ment of these lands and their renew-
by the Forest Service, Department
able resources consistent with the
of Agriculture, in cooperation with
principles of sustained yield and
other agencies, assessing the
multiple use;
Nation's renewable resources, and
(6) the Forest Service, by
developing and preparing a national
virtue of its statutory authority for
renewable resource program, which
management of the National Forest
is periodically reviewed and updat-
System, research and cooperative
ed;
programs, and its role as an agency
(3) to serve the national inter-
in the Department of Agriculture,
est, the renewable resource program
has both a responsibility and an
must be based on a comprehensive
opportunity to be a leader in assur-
assessment of present and anticipat-
ing that the Nation maintains a
ed uses, demand for, and supply of
natural resource conservation pos-
renewable resources from the
ture that will meet the requirements
Nation's public and private forests
of our people in perpetuity; and
and rangelands, through analysis of
(7) recycled timber product
environmental and economic im-
materials are as much a part of our
pacts, coordination of multiple use
renewable forest resources as are the
and sustained yield opportunities as
trees from which they originally
provided in the Multiple-Use
came, and in order to extend our
Sustained-Yield Act of 1960 (74
timber and timber fiber resources
Stat. 15: 16 U.S.C. 528-531), and
and reduce pressures for timber
public participation in the develop-
production from Federal lands, the
ment of the program;
Forest Service should expand re-
(4) the new knowledge derived
search in the use of recycled and
from coordinated public and private
waste timber product materials,
research programs will promote a
develop techniques for the
(591)
(IIFSI)
these programs and responsibilities
possession of the United States, and
and shall consult with other interest-
to public and private activities;
either through them or directly with
ed governmental departments and
(4) a discussion of important
private or other agencies. There is
agencies.
policy considerations, laws, regula-
authorized to be appropriated not to
tions, and other factors expected to
exceed $20,000,000 in any fiscal
Note-The National Forest
nfluence and affect significantly the
year to carry out the purposes of
Management Act of October
use, ownership, and management of
this section."
22, 1976, mistakenly added
forest, range, and other associated
(c) The Secretary shall report in
another subsection (d). This
lands; and
the 1979 and subsequent Assess-
mistake is preserved in this
(5) an analysis of the potential
ments on-
text.
ffects of global climate change on
(1) the additional fiber poten-
he condition of renewable resources
tial in the Natio: Forest System
(d)(1) It is the policy of the Con-
on the forests and rangelands of the
including, but not restricted to,
gress that all forested lands in the
United States; and
forest mortality, growth, salvage
National Forest System be main-
(6) an analysis of the rural and
potential, potential increased forest
tained in appropriate forest cover
rban forestry opportunities to miti-
products sales, economic constraints,
with species of trees, degree of
ate the buildup of atmospheric
alternate markets, contract consider-
stocking, rate of growth, and condi-
arbon dioxide and reduce the risk
ations, and other multiple use con-
tions of stand designed to secure the
f global climate change,
siderations;
maximum benefits of multiple use
(b) To assure the availability of
(2) the potential for increased
sustained yield management in ac-
dequate data and scientific infor-
utilization of forest and wood prod-
cordance with land management
nation needed for development of
uct wastes in the National Forest
plans. Accordingly, the Secretary is
e Assessment, section 9 of the
System and on other lands, and of
directed to identify and report to the
icSweeney-McNary Act of May
urban wood wastes and wood prod-
Congress annually at the time of
2, 1928 (45 Stat. 702, as amended,
uct recycling, including recommen-
submission of the President's budget
6 U.S.C. 581h), is hereby amended
dations to Congress for actions
together with the annual report
ready as follows:
which would lead to increased utili-
provided for under section 8(c) of
"The Secretary of Agriculture is
zation of material now being wasted
this Act, beginning with submission
reby authorized and directed to
both in the forests and in manufac-
of the President's budget for fiscal
ake and keep current a compre-
tured products; and
year 1978, the amount and location
ensive survey and analysis of the
(3) the milling and other wood
by Forests and States and by pro-
esent and prospective conditions
fiber product fabrication facilities
ductivity class, where practicable, of
and requirements for the renew-
and their location in the United
all lands in the National Forest
le resources of the forest and
States, noting the public and private
System where objectives of land
nge lands of the United States, its
forested areas that supply such fa-
management plans indicate the need
ritories and possessions, and of
cilities, assessing the degree of
to reforest areas that have been
supplies of such renewable re-
utilization into product form of
cut-over or otherwise denuded or
irces, including a determination
harvested trees by such facilities,
deforested, and all lands with stands
the present and potential produc-
and setting forth the technology
of trees that are not growing at their
ity of the land, and of such other
appropriate to the facilities to im-
best potential rate or growth. All
ts as may be necessary and use-
prove utilization either individually
National Forest lands treated from
in the determination of ways and
or in aggregate units of harvested
year to year shall be examined after
ans needed to balance the de-
trees and to reduce wasted wood
the first and third growing seasons
nd for and supply of these re-
fibers. The Secretary shall set forth
and certified by the Secretary in the
vable resources, benefits and uses
a program to encourage the adoption
report provided for under this sub-
neeting the needs of the people
by these facilities of these technolo-
section as to stocking rate, growth
he United States. The Secretary
gies for improving wood fiber utili-
rate in relation to potential and other
II carry out the survey and analy-
zation.
pertinent measures. Any lands not
under such plans as he may
(d) In developing the reports
certified as satisfactory shall be
rmine to be fair and equitable,
required under subsection (c) of this
returned to the backlog and sched-
cooperate with appropriate
section, the Secretary shall provide
uled for prompt treatment. The
cials of each State, territory, or
opportunity for public involvement
level and types of treatment shall be
(593)
NESI
National Forest Management Act of 1976
Act of October 22, 1976 (P.L. 94-588, 90 Stat. 2949, as amended;
16 U.S.C. 472a, 476, 476 (note), 500, 513-516, 518, 521b, 528(note),
576b, 594-2(note), 1600(note), 1601(note), 1600-1602, 1604, 1606,
1608-1614)
Sec. 1. This Act may be cited as
es Planning Act of 1974, as redesig-
the "National Forest Management
nated by section 2 of this Act, is
Act of 1976". (16 U.S.C.
amended by striking out the word
1600(note))
"and" at the end of paragraph (3);
striking out the word "satisfy" and
Findings
inserting in lieu thereof "implement
and monitor" in paragraph (4); strik-
Sec. 2. The Forest and Range-
ing out the period at the end of
land Renewable Resources Planning
paragraph (4) and inserting in lieu
Act of 1974 (88 Stat. 476; 16
thereof a semicolon and the word
U.S.C. 1601-1610) is amended by
"and"; and by adding a new para-
redesignating sections 2 through 11
graph (5) as follows: (see P.L.
as sections 3 through 12, respective-
93-378)
ly; and by adding a new section 2
as follows: (see P.L. 93-378)
National Forest System Resource
Planning
Reports on Fiber Potential, Wood
Utilization by Mills, Wood Wastes
Sec. 6. Section 6 of the Forest
and Wood Product Recycling
and Rangeland Renewable Resourc-
es Planning Act of 1974, as redesig-
Sec. 3. Section 3 of the Forest
nated by section 2 of this Act, is
and Rangeland Renewable Resourc-
amended by adding at the end there-
es Planning Act of 1974, as rede-
of new subsections (c) through (m)
signed by section 2 of this Act, is
as follows: (see P.L. 93-378)
amended by adding at the end there-
of a new subsection (c) as follows:
National Participation
(see P.L. 93-378)
Sec. 7. Section 8 of the Forest
Reforestation
and Rangeland Renewable Resourc-
es Planning Act of 1974, as redesig-
Sec. 4. Section 3 of the Forest
nated by section 2 of this Act, is
and Rangeland Renewable Resourc-
amended— (see P.L. 93-378)
es Planning Act of 1974, as redesig-
nated by section 2 of this Act, is
Transportation System
amended by adding at the end there-
of new subsections (d) and (e) as
Sec. 8. Section 10 of the Forest
follows: (see P.L. 93-378)
and Rangeland Renewable Resourc-
es Planning Act of 1974, as redesig-
Renewable Resource Program
nated by section 2 of this Act, is
amended by inserting "(a)" immedi-
Sec. 5. Section 4 of the Forest
ately before the words "The Con-
and Rangeland Renewable Resourc-
gress" and inserting at the end
(736)
provide additional time due to time
(D) are consistent with the
delays caused by an act of an agent
objectives of this Act and other
of the United States or by other
federal statutes. The Secretary shall
circumstances beyond the control of
select or alter the bidding method or
the purchaser. The Secretary shall
methods as he determines necessary
require the purchaser to file as soon
to achieve the objectives stated in
as practicable after execution of a
clauses (A), (B), (C) and (D) of this
contract for any advertised sale with
paragraph.
a term of two years or more, a plan
(2) In those instances when the
of operation, which shall be subject
Secretary selects oral auction as the
to concurrence by the Secretary.
bidding method for the sale of any
The Secretary shall not extend any
National Forest materials, he shall
contract period with an original term
require that all prospective purchas-
of two or more unless he finds—
ers submit written sealed qualifying
(A) that the purchaser has
bids. Only prospective purchasers
diligently performed in accordance
whose written sealed qualifying bids
with an approved plan of operation
are equal to or in excess of the
or
appraised value of such National
(B) that the substantial
Forest materials may participate in
overriding public interest justified
the oral Bidding process.
the extension.
(3) The Secretary shall monitor
(d) The Secretary of Agriculture
bidding patterns involved in the sale
shall advertise all sales unless he
of National Forest materials. If the
determines that extraordinary condi-
Secretary has a reasonable belief
tions exist, as defined by regulation,
that collusive bidding practices may
or that the appraised value of the
be occurring, then—
sale is less than $10,000. If, upon
(A) he shall report any such
proper offering, no satisfactory bid
instances of possible collusive bid-
is received for a sale, or the bidder
ding or suspected collusive bidding
fails to complete the purchase, the
practices to the Attorney General of
sale may be offered and sold with-
the United States with any and all
out further advertisement.
supporting data;
(e)(1) In the sale of trees, por-
(B) he may alter the bidding
tions of trees, or forest products
methods used within the affected
from National Forest System lands
area; and
(hereinafter referred to in this sub-
(C) he shall take such other
section as "National Forest materi-
action as he deems necessary to
als"), the Secretary of Agriculture
eliminate such practices with the
shall select the bidding method or
affected area.
methods which-
(f) The Secretary of Agriculture,
(A) insure open and fair
under such rules and regulations as
competition;
he may prescribe, is authorized to
(B) insure that the federal
dispose of, by sale or otherwise,
government receive not less than the
trees, portions of trees, or other
appraised value as required by sub-
forest products related to research
section (a) of this section;
and demonstration projects.
(C) consider the economic
(g) Designation, marking when
stability of communities whose
necessary, and supervision of har-
economies are dependent on such
vesting of trees, portions of trees, or
National Forest materials, or achieve
forest products shall be conducted
such other objectives as the Secre-
by persons employed by the Secre-
tary deems necessary; and
tary of Agriculture. Such persons
(738)
are consistent with the
shall have no personal interest in the
ferred to miscellaneous receipts in
of this Act and other
purchase or harvest of such products
the Treasury of the United States.
tes. The Secretary shall
and shall not be directly or indirect-
(i)(1) For sales of timber which
r the bidding method or
e determines necessary
ly in the employment of the pur-
include a provision for purchaser
chaser thereof.
credit for construction of permanent
he objectives stated in
(h) The Secretary of Agriculture
roads with an estimated cost in
(B), (C) and (D) of this
shall develop utilization standards,
excess of $20,000, the Secretary of
methods or measurement, and har-
Agriculture shall promulgate regula-
hose instances when the
lects oral auction as the
vesting practices for the removal of
tions requiring that the notice of
trees, portions of trees, or forest
sale afford timber purchasers quali-
thod for the sale of any
products to provide for the optimum
fying as "small business concerns"
rest materials, he shall
practical use of the wood material.
under the Small Business Act, as
all prospective purchas-
Such standards, methods, and prac-
amended, (5 U.S.C. 631 et seq.) and
written sealed qualifying
tices shall reflect consideration of
the regulations issued thereunder, an
prospective purchasers
opportunities to promote more effec-
estimate of the cost and the right,
en sealed qualifying bids
tive wood utilization, regional con-
when submitting a bid, to elect that
0 or in excess of the
ditions, and species characteristics
the Secretary build the proposed
alue of such National
and shall be compatible with multi-
road.
rials may participate in
ple use resource management objec-
(2) If the purchaser makes
ding process.
tives in the affected area. To ac-
such an election, the price subse-
e Secretary shall monitor
complish the purpose of this subsec-
quently paid for the timber shall
erns involved in the sale
tion in situations involving salvage
include all of the estimated cost of
Parest materials. If the
of insect-infested, dead, damaged, or
the road. In the notice of sale, the
1 reasonable belief
down timber, and to remove associ-
Secretary of Agriculture shall set a
ddding practices may
ated trees for stand improvement,
date when such road shall be com-
B, then—
the Secretary is authorized to re-
pleted which shall be applicable to
he shall report any such
quire the purchaser of such timber
either construction by the purchaser
f possible collusive bid-
to make monetary deposits, as a part
or the Secretary, depending on the
pected collusive bidding
of the payment for the timber, to be
election. To accomplish requested
the Attorney General of
deposited in a designated fund from
work, the Secretary is authorized to
States with any and all
which sums are to be used, to cover
use from any receipts from the sale
data;
the cost to the United States for
of timber a sum equal to the esti-
) he may alter the bidding
design, engineering, and supervision
mate for timber purchaser credits,
sed within the affected
of the construction of needed roads
and such additional sums as may be
and the cost for Forest Service sale
appropriated for the construction of
) he shall take such other
preparation and supervision of the
roads, such funds to be available
he deems necessary to
harvesting of such timber. Deposits
until expended, to construct a road
such practices with the
of money pursuant to this subsection
that meets the standards specified in
ca.
are to be available until expended to
the notice of sale.
Secretary of Agriculture,
cover the cost to the United States
h rules and regulations as
of accomplishing the purposes for
Note-P.L. 99-500, FY 1987
rescribe, is authorized to
which deposited: Provided, That
Appropriations bill, included
f, by sale or otherwise,
such deposits shall not be consid-
the following provision rela-
tions of trees, or other
ered as moneys received from the
tive to this subsection of
ducts related to research
National Forests within the meaning
NFMA: "Notwithstanding any
instration projects.
of sections 500 and 501 of title 16,
other provision of law, the
signation, marking when
United States Code: And provided
Secretary of Agriculture is
and supervision of har-
further, That sums found to be in
hereafter authorized to use
trees, portions of trees, or
excess of the cost of accomplishing
from any receipts from the
ducts shall be conducted
the purposes for which deposited on
sale of timber a sum equal to
S employed by the Secre-
any National Forest shall be trans-
the cost of construction of
griculture. Such persons
(739)
APRIL 18, 1994
STATE AND PRIVATE FORESTRY
AMERICORPS AUTHORITIES AND APPROPRIATIONS
AUTHORIZING
PROJECTS
APPROPRIATIONS
LEGISLATION
1. SOUTH CAROLINA
STATE AND PRIVATE FORESTRY
Cooperative Forestry
Assistance Act of
Forest Mgt and Utilization
1978 as amended by the
1990 Farm Bill Sec.3 (a)
and (b)
Economic Development
The Food, Agriculture,
Conservation, and
Trade Act of 1990 Sub-
title
G
Chapter
1
2377 (a) and (b)
, MISSISSIPPI DELTA
Forest Mgt and Utilization
Cooperative Forestry
Assistance Act of 1978
Urban and Community For.
as amended by the 1990
Farm Bill Sec. 9 (a7)
(b 3,6,7, and 8)
Rural Community Assistance
Sec. 2 (a2 and b2) Sec.
3 (a and 10A-B) Sec. 11
(c)
3. ALASKA
Forest Mgt. and Utilization
Cooperative Forestry
Assistance Act of 1978
Urban and Community For.
Sec. 9 (a 7) (b 3,6,7,
and 8)
Rural Community Assistance
Sec. 2 (a2 and b2) Sec.3
(a and 10 A-B) Sec. 11 (c
1A)
Economic Recovery
The Food, Agriculture,
Conservation, Trade Act
1990 Subtitle G Chapter
1 Sec.2377 (a 1-4 and (b)
(1)
4. APPALACHIA
Forest Mgt. and Utilization
Cooperative Forestry
(Southern Region
Assistance Act of 1978
Component)
Sec.3 (a & 10 A-B)
Rural Community Assistance
The Food, Agriculture,
Conservation, Trade Act
1990 Subtitle G Chapter 1
Sec. 2377 (a 1-4) and (b)
5. APPALACHIA
Forest Mgt. and Utilization
Cooperative Forestry
(Northeastern Area
Assistance Act of 1978
Component)
Urban and Community For.
Sec. 9 (b3 and d)
Rural Community Assistance
Sec. 3 (a & 10 A-B)
Economic Recovery
The Food, Agriculture,
Conservation, and Trade
Act 1990. Subtitle G
Chapter 1 Sec. 2371 (a)
(b3) (c1) Sec. 2377 (a 1-
4) and (b)
6. FOUR CORNERS
Forest Mgt. and Utilization
Cooperative Forestry
(REGIONS 2,3,4)
Assistance Act of 1978
Rural Community Assistance
Sec. 3 (a & 10 A-B)
Economic Recovery
The Food, Agriculture,
Conservation, and Trade
Act 1990. Subtitle G
Chapter 1 Sec. 2371 (a)
(b3) (c1) Sec. 2377 (al-
4) and (b)
(2)
7. MINNESOTA
Forest Mgt. and Utilization
Cooperative Forestry
Assistance Act of 1978
Rural Community Assistance
Sec. 3 (a & 10 A-B)
Urban and Community For.
Sec. 9 (a 7) (b 3,6,7, and
8)
Economic Recovery
The Food, Agriculture,
Conversation, and Trade
Act 1990. Subtitle G
Chapter 1 Sec. 2371 (a)
(b3) (c1) Sec. 2377 (al-
4) and (b)
(d) Construction.-This Act shall
(8) identifying and protecting
be construed to complement the
the aesthetic character of forest
policies and direction under the
lands;
Forest and Rangeland Renewable
(9) protecting forest land from
Resources Planning Act of 1974 (16
conversion to alternative uses; and
U.S.C. 1600 et seq.). (16 U.S.C.
(10) the management of re-
2101)
sources of forest lands, including-
(A) the harvesting, process-
Rural Forestry Assistance
ing, and marketing of timber and
other forest resources and the mar-
Sec. 3. (a) Assistance to Forest
keting and utilization of wood and
Landowners and Others.-The Sec-
wood products;
retary may provide financial, techni-
(B) the conversion of wood
cal, educational, and related assis-
to energy for domestic, industrial,
tance to State foresters or equivalent
municipal, and other uses;
State officials, and State extension
(C) the planning, manage-
directors, to enable such officials to
ment, and treatment of forest land,
provide technical information, ad-
including site preparation, reforesta-
vice, and related assistance to pri-
tion, thinning, prescribed burning,
vate forest land owners and manag-
and other silvicultural activities
ers, vendors, forest resource opera-
designed to increase the quantity
tors, forest resource professionals,
and improve the quality of timber
public agencies, and individuals to
and other forest resources;
enable such persons to carry out
(D) ensuring that forest
activities that are consistent with the
regeneration or reforestation occurs
purposes of this Act, including-
if needed to sustain long-term re-
(1) protecting, maintaining,
source productivity;
enhancing, restoring, and preserving
(E) protecting and improv-
forest lands and the multiple values
ing forest soil fertility and the quali-
and uses that depend on such lands;
ty, quantity, and timing of water
(2) identifying, protecting,
yields; and
maintaining, enhancing, and preserv-
(F) encouraging the invest-
ing wildlife and fish species, includ-
ment of a portion of the proceeds
ing threatened and endangered spe-
from the sale of timber or other
cies, and their habitats;
forest resources in stewardship
(3) implementing forest man-
activities that preserve, protect,
agement technologies;
maintain, and enhance their forest
(4) selecting, producing, and
land.
marketing alternative forest crops,
(b) State Forestry Assist-
products and services from forest
ance.-The Secretary is authorized
lands;
to provide financial, technical, and
(5) protecting forest land from
related assistance to State foresters,
damage caused by fire, insects,
or equivalent State officials, to-
disease, and damaging weather;
(1) develop genetically im-
(6) managing the rural-land
proved tree seeds;
and urban-land interface to balance
(2) develop and contract for
the use of forest resources in and
the development of field arboretums,
adjacent to urban and community
greenhouses, and tree nurseries, in
areas;
cooperation with a State, to facilitate
(7) identifying and managing
production and distribution of tree
recreational forest land resources;
seeds and seedlings in States where
(778)
the Secretary determines that there
practices that will provide for affor-
is an inadequate capacity to carry
estation of suitable open lands,
out present and future reforestation
reforestation of cutover or other
needs;
nonstocked or understocked forest
(3) procure, produce, and
lands, timber stand improvement
distribute tree seeds and trees for
practices, including thinning, pre-
the purpose of establishing forests,
scribed burning, and other silvicul-
windbreaks, shelterbelts, woodlots,
tural treatments, and forest resources
and other plantings;
management and protection, so as to
(4) plant tree seeds and seed-
provide for the production of timber
lings on non-Federal forest lands
and other forest resources associated
that are suitable for the production
therewith.
of timber, recreation, and for other
(b) Private forest lands.-For the
benefits associated with the growing
purposes of this section, the term
of trees;
private forest land" means land
(5) plan, organize, and imple-
capable of producing crops of indus-
ment measures on non-Federal for-
trial wood and owned by any pri-
est lands, including thinning, pre-
vate individual, group, Indian tribe
scribed burning, and other silvicul-
or other native group, association,
tural activities designed to increase
corporation, or other legal entity.
the quantity and improve the quality
(c) Cost sharing.-Landowners
of trees and other vegetation, fish
shall be eligible for cost sharing
and wildlife habitat, and water
under this program if they own one
yielded therefrom; and
thousand acres or less of private
(6) protect or improve soil
forest land, except that the Secretary
fertility on non-Federal forest lands
may approve cost sharing with
and the quality, quantity, and timing
landowners owning more than one
of water yields therefrom.
thousand acres of such land if sig-
(c) Implementation.-In imple-
nificant public benefits will accrue.
menting this section, the Secretary
In no case, however, may the Secre-
shall cooperate with other Federal,
tary approve cost sharing with land-
State, and local natural resource
owners owning more than five thou-
management agencies, universities
sand acres of private forest land.
and the private sector.
(d) Administration.-The Secre-
(d) Authorization of Appropria-
tary shall administer this section in
tions.-There are authorized to be
accordance with the regulations the
appropriated such sums as may be
Secretary shall develop in consulta-
necessary to carry out this section.
tion with the committee described in
(16 U.S.C. 2102)
section 13(c) of this Act. Regula-
tions issued under Title X of the
Forestry Incentives
Agricultural Act of 1970, as added
by the Agriculture and Consumer
Sec. 4. (a) Development and
Protection Act of 1973, to the extent
implementation.-The Secretary is
not inconsistent with the provisions
authorized to develop and imple-
of this section, shall remain in effect
ment a forestry incentives program
until revoked or amended by regula-
to encourage the development, man-
tions issued under this subsection.
agement, and protection of nonin-
The regulations issued under this
dustrial private forest lands. The
subsection shall include guidelines
purposes of such program shall be
for the administration of this section
to encourage landowners to apply
at the federal and State levels, and
(779)
Act, during any continuous five-year
(e) Consistency with forest
period.
plans.-The implementation of ac-
(f) Approval.-After reviewing
tion plans shall be consistent with
requests under this section for finan-
land and resource management
cial and economic feasibility and
plans. (7 U.S.C. 6614)
viability, the Secretary shall approve
and implement in accordance with
Training and Education
section 2376 those action plans that
will achieve the purposes of this
-Sec. 2377. (a) Programs.-In
chapter. (7 U.S.C. 6613)
furtherance of an action plan, the
Secretary may use the Extension
Action Plan Implementation
Service and other appropriate agen-
cies of the Department of Agricul-
Sec. 2376. (a) In general.-Ac-
ture to develop and conduct educa-
tion plans shall be implemented,
tion programs that assist businesses,
insofar as practicable, to upgrade
elected or appointed officials, and
existing industries to use forest
individuals in rural communities to
resources more efficiently and to
deal with the effects of a transition
expand the economic base of rural
from being economically disadvan-
communities so as to alleviate or
taged to economic diversification.
reduce their dependence on national
These programs may include-
forest resources.
(1) community economic anal-
(b) Assistance.-To implement
ysis and strategic planning;
action plans, the Secretary may
(2) methods for improving and
make grants and enter into coopera-
retooling enterprises now dependent
tive agreements and contracts to
on national forest resources;
provide necessary technical and
(3) methods for expanding
related assistance. Such grants,
enterprises and creating new eco-
cooperative agreements, and con-
nomic opportunities by emphasizing
tracts may be with the affected rural
economic opportunities in other
community, State and local govern-
industries or services not dependent
ments, universities, corporations,
on national forest resources; and
and other persons.
(4) assistance in the evaluation,
(c) Limitation.-The Federal con-
counseling, and enhancement of
tribution to the overall implementa-
vocational skills, training in basic
tion of an action plan shall not
and remedial literacy skills, assis-
exceed 80 percent of the total cost
tance in job seeking skills, and
of the plan, including administrative
training in starting or operating a
and other costs. In calculating the
business enterprise.
Federal contribution, the Secretary
(b) Existing educational and
shall take into account the fair mar-
training programs.-Insofar as prac-
ket value of equipment, personnel,
ticable, the Secretary shall use exist-
and services provided.
ing Federal, State, and private edu-
(d) Available authority.-The
cation resources in carrying out
Secretary may use the Secretary's
these programs. (7 U.S.C. 6615)
authority under the Cooperative For-
estry Assistance Act of 1978 (16
Loans to Economically Disadvan-
U.S.C. 2101 et seq.) and other Fed-
taged Rural Communities
eral, State, and local governmental
authorities in implementing action
Sec. 2378. (a) In general.-The
plans.
Secretary, under such terms and
(1091)
(2) Authorization of
provide for the protection and ex-
appropriations.-There are hereby
pansion of tree cover and open
authorized to be appropriated annu-
space in urban areas and communi-
ally $10,000,000 to implement this
ties.
subsection. (16 U.S.C. 2104)
(b) Purposes.-The purposes of
this section are to-
Urban and Community Forestry
(1) improve understanding of
Assistance
the benefits of preserving existing
tree cover in urban areas and com-
Sec. 9. (a) Findings.-The Con-
munities;
gress finds that-
(2) encourage owners of pri-
(1) the health of forests in
vate residences and commercial
urban areas and communities, in-
properties to maintain trees and
cluding cities, their suburbs, and
expand forest cover on their proper-
towns, in the United States is on the
ties;
decline;
(3) provide education programs
(2) forest lands, shade trees,
and technical assistance to State and
and open spaces in urban areas and
local organizations (including com-
communities improve the quality of
munity associations and schools) in
life for residents;
maintaining forested lands and indi-
(3) forest lands and associated
vidual trees in urban and community
natural resources enhance the eco-
settings and identifying appropriate
nomic value of residential and com-
tree species and sites for expanding
mercial property in urban and com-
forest cover;
munity settings;
(4) provide assistance through
(4) urban trees are 15 times
competitive matching grants award-
more effective than forest trees at
ed to local units of government,
reducing the buildup of carbon
approved organizations that meet the
dioxide and aid in promoting energy
requirements of section 501(c)(3) of
conservation through mitigation of
the Internal Revenue Code of 1986,
the heat island effect in urban areas;
or other local community tree vol-
(5) tree plantings and ground
unteer groups, for urban and com-
covers such as low growing dense
munity forestry projects;
perennial turfgrass sod in urban
(5) implement a tree planting
areas and communities can aid in
program to complement urban and
reducing carbon dioxide emissions,
community tree maintenance and
mitigating the heat island effect, and
open space programs and to reduce
reducing energy consumption, thus
carbon dioxide emissions, conserve
contributing to efforts to reduce
energy, and improve air quality in
global warming trends;
addition to providing other environ-
(6) efforts to encourage tree
mental benefits;
plantings and protect existing open
(6) promote the establishment
spaces in urban areas and communi-
of demonstration projects in selected
ties can contribute to the social
urban and community settings to
well-being and promote a sense of
illustrate the benefits of maintaining
community in these areas; and
and creating forest cover and trees;
(7) strengthened research,
(7) enhance the technical skills
education, technical assistance, and
and understanding of sound tree
public information and participation
maintenance and arboricultural
in tree planting and maintenance
practices including practices involv-
programs for trees and complemen-
ing the cultivation of trees, shrubs
tary ground covers for urban and
and complementary ground covers,
community forests are needed to
of individuals involved in the plan-
(788)
ning, development, and maintenance
esters and State extension directors
of urban and community forests and
or equivalent State officials and
trees; and
interested members of the public,
(8) expand existing research
including nonprofit private organiza-
and educational efforts intended to
tions, shall implement a program of
improve understanding of-
education and technical assistance
(A) tree growth and mainte-
for urban and community forest
nance, tree physiology and morphol-
resources. The program shall be
ogy, species adaptations, and forest
designed to-
ecology,
(1) assist urban areas and
(B) the value of integrating
communities in conducting invento-
trees and ground covers,
ries of their forest resources, includ-
(C) the economic, environ-
ing inventories of the species, num-
mental, social, and psychological
ber, location, and health of trees in
benefits of trees and forest cover in
urban areas and communities, identi-
urban and community environments,
fying opportunities for the establish-
and
ment of plantings for the purposes
(D) the role of urban trees
of conserving energy, and determin-
in conserving energy and mitigating
ing the status of related resources
the urban heat island.
(including fish and wildlife habitat,
(c) General Authority.-The
water resources, and trails);
Secretary is authorized to provide
(2) assist State and local orga-
financial, technical, and related
nizations (including community
assistance to State foresters or equi-
associations and schools) in organiz-
valent State officials for the purpose
ing and conducting urban and com-
of encouraging States to provide
munity forestry projects and pro-
information and technical assistance
grams;
to units of local government and
(3) improve education and
others that will encourage coopera-
technical support in-
tive efforts to plan urban forestry
(A) selecting tree species
programs and to plant, protect, and
appropriate for planting in urban
maintain, and utilize wood from,
and community environments and
trees in open spaces, greenbelts,
for promotion of energy conserva-
roadside screens, parks, woodlands,
tion;
curb areas, and residential develop-
(B) providing for proper
ments in urban areas. In providing
tree planting, maintenance, and
such assistance, the Secretary is
protection in urban areas and com-
authorized to cooperate with inter-
munities;
ested members of the public, includ-
(C) protecting individual
ing nonprofit private organizations.
trees and preserving existing open
The Secretary is also authorized to
spaces with or without tree cover;
cooperate directly with units of local
and
government and others in imple-
(D) identifying opportunities
menting this section whenever the
for expanding tree cover in urban
Secretary and the affected State
areas and communities;
forester or equivalent State official
(4) assist in the development
agree that direct cooperation would
of State and local management plans
better achieve the purposes of this
for trees and associated resources in
section.
urban areas and communities; and
(d) Program of Education and
(5) increase public understand-
Technical Assistance.-The Secre-
ing of the energy conservation,
tary, in cooperation with State for-
economic, social, environmental,
(789)
Cooperative Forestry Assistance Act of 1978
Act of July 1, 1978 (P.L. 95-313, 92 Stat. 365 as amended; 16 U.S.C.
2101 (note), 2101-2103, 2103a, 2103b, 2104-2105)
Note-This Act was amended
could rise with expanded assistance
by P.L. 100-418 to add Sec-
programs;
tion 15 (redesignated as Sec-
(4) managed forest lands pro-
tion 18 by P.L. 100-418);
vide habitats for fish and wildlife, as
amended by P.L. 101-624,
well as aesthetics, outdoor recreation
Title XII, to add new sections
opportunities, and other forest re-
and change some existing sec-
sources;
tions, by P.L. 101-513 to con-
(5) the soil, water, and air
form with international provi-
quality of the United States can be
sions of the International For-
maintained and improved through
estry Cooperation Act of 1990,
good stewardship of privately held
and by P.L. 102-237 to make
forest resources;
some technical amendments.
(6) insects and diseases affect-
ing trees occur and sometimes cre-
Short Title
ate emergency conditions on all
land, whether Federal or non-Feder-
Sec. 1. This Act may be cited as
al, and efforts to prevent and control
the "Cooperative Forestry Assistance
such insects and diseases often
Act of 1978." (16 U.S.C.
require coordinated action by both
2101 (note))
Federal and non-Federal land man-
agers;
Findings, Purpose, and Policy
(7) fires in rural areas threaten
human lives, property, forests and
Sec. 2. (a) Findings.-Congress
other resources, and Federal-State
finds that—
cooperation in forest fire protection
(1) most of the productive
has proven effective and valuable;
forest land of the United States is in
(8) trees and forests are of
private, State, and local governmen-
great environmental and economic
tal ownership, and the capacity of
value to urban areas;
the United States to produce renew-
(9) managed forests contribute
able forest resources is significantly
to improving the quality, quantity,
dependent on such non-Federal
and timing of water yields that are
forest lands;
of broad benefit to society;
(2) adequate supplies of timber
(10) over half the forest lands
and other forest resources are essen-
of the United States are in need of
tial to the United States, and ade-
some type of conservation treat-
quate supplies are dependent on
ment;
efficient methods for establishing,
(11) forest landowners are
managing, and harvesting trees and
being faced with increased pressure
processing, marketing, and using
to convert their forest land to devel-
wood and wood products;
opment and other purposes;
(3) nearly one-half of the
(12) increased population
wood supply of the United States
pressures and user demands are
comes from nonindustrial private
being placed on private, as well as
timberlands and such percentage
public, landholders to provide a
(776)
wide variety of products and servic-
(b) Purpose.-It is the purpose of
es, including fish and wildlife habi-
this Act to authorize the Secretary
tat, aesthetic quality, and recreation-
of Agriculture (hereafter in this Act
al opportunities;
referred to as the "Secretary"), with
(13) stewardship of privately
respect to non-Federal forest lands
held forest resources requires a
in the United States, and forest
long-term commitment that can be
lands in foreign countries, of the
fostered through local, State, and
United States, to assist in-
Federal governmental actions;
(1) the establishment of a
(14) the Department of Agri-
coordinated and cooperative Federal,
culture, through the coordinated
State, and local forest stewardship
efforts of its agencies with forestry
program for management of the
responsibilities, cooperating with
non-Federal forest lands;
other Federal agencies, State forest-
(2) the encouragement of the
ers, and State political subdivisions,
production of timber;
has the expertise and experience to
(3) the prevention and control
assist private landowners in achiev-
of insects and diseases affecting
ing individual goals and public
trees and forests;
benefits regarding forestry;
(4) the prevention and control
(15) the products and services
of rural fires;
resulting from nonindustrial private
(5) the efficient utilization of
forest land stewardship provide
wood and wood residues, including
income and employment that con-
the recycling of wood fiber;
tribute to the economic health and
(6) the improvement and main-
diversity of rural communities;
tenance of fish and wildlife habitat;
(16) sustainable agroforestry
(7) the planning and conduct
systems and tree planting in semiar-
of urban forestry programs;
id lands can improve environmental
(8) broadening existing forest
quality and maintain farm yields and
management, fire protection, and
income; and
insect and disease protection pro-
(18) the same forest resource
grams on non-Federal forest lands to
supply, protection, and management
meet the multiple use objectives of
issues that exist in the United States
landowners in an environmentally
are also present on an international
sensitive manner;
scale, and the forest and rangeland
(9) providing opportunities to
renewable resources of the world
private landowners to protect eco-
are threatened by deforestation due
logically valuable and threatened
to conversion to agriculture of lands
non-Federal forest lands; and
better suited to other purposes,
(10) strengthening educational,
over-grazing, over-harvesting, and
technical, and financial assistance
other causes which pose a direct
programs that provide assistance to
adverse threat to people, the global
owners of non-Federal forest lands
environment, and the world econo-
in the United States, and forest
my.
lands in foreign countries.
(c) Policy.-It is the policy of
Note-P.L. 101-513 incorrectly
Congress that it is in the national
referred to section 2(a) para-
interest for the Secretary to work
graph (16), (17) and added
through and in cooperation with
new paragraph (18). It should
State foresters, or equivalent State
have referred to (15), (16), and
officials, nongovernmental organiza-
added new paragraph (17).
tions, and the private sector in im-
The result is that there now is
plementing Federal programs affect-
no paragraph (17).
ing non-Federal forest lands.
(777)
(d) Construction.-This Act shall
(8) identifying and protecting
be construed to complement the
the aesthetic character of forest
policies and direction under the
lands;
Forest and Rangeland Renewable
(9) protecting forest land from
Resources Planning Act of 1974 (16
conversion to alternative uses; and
U.S.C. 1600 et seq.). (16 U.S.C.
(10) the management of re-
2101)
sources of forest lands, including-
(A) the harvesting, process-
Rural Forestry Assistance
ing, and marketing of timber and
other forest resources and the mar-
Sec. 3. (a) Assistance to Forest
keting and utilization of wood and
Landowners and Others.-The Sec-
wood products;
retary may provide financial, techni-
(B) the conversion of wood
cal, educational, and related assis-
to energy for domestic, industrial,
tance to State foresters or equivalent
municipal, and other uses;
State officials, and State extension
(C) the planning, manage-
directors, to enable such officials to
ment, and treatment of forest land,
provide technical information, ad-
including site preparation, reforesta-
vice, and related assistance to pri-
tion, thinning, prescribed burning,
vate forest land owners and manag-
and other silvicultural activities
ers, vendors, forest resource opera-
designed to increase the quantity
tors, forest resource professionals,
and improve the quality of timber
public agencies, and individuals to
and other forest resources;
enable such persons to carry out
(D) ensuring that forest
activities that are consistent with the
regeneration or reforestation occurs
purposes of this Act, including-
if needed to sustain long-term re-
(1) protecting, maintaining,
source productivity;
enhancing, restoring, and preserving
(E) protecting and improv-
forest lands and the multiple values
ing forest soil fertility and the quali-
and uses that depend on such lands;
ty, quantity, and timing of water
(2) identifying, protecting,
yields; and
maintaining, enhancing, and preserv-
(F) encouraging the invest-
ing wildlife and fish species, includ-
ment of a portion of the proceeds
ing threatened and endangered spe-
from the sale of timber or other
cies, and their habitats;
forest resources in stewardship
(3) implementing forest man-
activities that preserve, protect,
agement technologies;
maintain, and enhance their forest
(4) selecting, producing, and
land.
marketing alternative forest crops,
(b) State Forestry Assist-
products and services from forest
ance.-The Secretary is authorized
lands;
to provide financial, technical, and
(5) protecting forest land from
related assistance to State foresters,
damage caused by fire, insects,
or equivalent State officials, to-
disease, and damaging weather;
(1) develop genetically im-
(6) managing the rural-land
proved tree seeds;
and urban-land interface to balance
(2) develop and contract for
the use of forest resources in and
the development of field arboretums,
adjacent to urban and community
greenhouses, and tree nurseries, in
areas;
cooperation with a State, to facilitate
(7) identifying and managing
production and distribution of tree
recreational forest land resources;
seeds and seedlings in States where
(778)
(2) Authorization of
provide for the protection and ex-
appropriations.-There are hereby
pansion of tree cover and open
authorized to be appropriated annu-
space in urban areas and communi-
ally $10,000,000 to implement this
ties.
subsection. (16 U.S.C. 2104)
(b) Purposes.-The purposes of
this section are to-
Urban and Community Forestry
(1) improve understanding of
Assistance
the benefits of preserving existing
tree cover in urban areas and com-
Sec. 9. (a) Findings.-The Con-
munities;
gress finds that-
(2) encourage owners of pri-
(1) the health of forests in
vate residences and commercial
urban areas and communities, in-
properties to maintain trees and
cluding cities, their suburbs, and
expand forest cover on their proper-
towns, in the United States is on the
ties;
decline;
(3) provide education programs
(2) forest lands, shade trees,'
and technical assistance to State and
and open spaces in urban areas and
local organizations (including com-
communities improve the quality of
munity associations and schools) in
life for residents;
maintaining forested lands and indi-
(3) forest lands and associated
vidual trees in urban and community
natural resources enhance the eco-
settings and identifying appropriate
nomic value of residential and com-
tree species and sites for expanding
mercial property in urban and com-
forest cover;
munity settings;
(4) provide assistance through
(4) urban trees are 15 times
competitive matching grants award-
more effective than forest trees at
ed to local units of government,
reducing the buildup of carbon
approved organizations that meet the
dioxide and aid in promoting energy
requirements of section 501(c)(3) of
conservation through mitigation of
the Internal Revenue Code of 1986,
the heat island effect in urban areas;
or other local community tree vol-
(5) tree plantings and ground
unteer groups, for urban and com-
covers such as low growing dense
munity forestry projects;
perennial turfgrass sod in urban
(5) implement a tree planting
areas and communities can aid in
program to complement urban and
reducing carbon dioxide emissions,
community tree maintenance and
mitigating the heat island effect, and
open space programs and to reduce
reducing energy consumption, thus
carbon dioxide emissions, conserve
contributing to efforts to reduce
energy, and improve air quality in
global warming trends;
addition to providing other environ-
(6) efforts to encourage tree
mental benefits;
plantings and protect existing open
(6) promote the establishment
spaces in urban areas and communi-
of demonstration projects in selected
ties can contribute to the social
urban and community settings to
well-being and promote a sense of
illustrate the benefits of maintaining
community in these areas; and
and creating forest cover and trees;
(7) strengthened research,
(7) enhance the technical skills
education, technical assistance, and
and understanding of sound tree
public information and participation
maintenance and arboricultural
in tree planting and maintenance
practices including practices involv-
programs for trees and complemen-
ing the cultivation of trees, shrubs
tary ground covers for urban and
and complementary ground covers,
community forests are needed to
of individuals involved in the plan-
(788)
ning, development, and maintenance
esters and State extension directors
of urban and community forests and
or equivalent State officials and
trees; and
interested members of the public,
(8) expand existing research
including nonprofit private organiza-
and educational efforts intended to
tions, shall implement a program of
improve understanding of-
education and technical assistance
(A) tree growth and mainte-
for urban and community forest
nance, tree physiology and morphol-
resources. The program shall be
ogy, species adaptations, and forest
designed to-
ecology,
(1) assist urban areas and
(B) the value of integrating
communities in conducting invento-
trees and ground covers,
ries of their forest resources, includ-
(C) the economic, environ-
ing inventories of the species, num-
mental, social, and psychological
ber, location, and health of trees in
benefits of trees and forest cover in
urban areas and communities, identi-
urban and community environments,
fying opportunities for the establish-
and
ment of plantings for the purposes
(D) the role of urban trees
of conserving energy, and determin-
in conserving energy and mitigating
ing the status of related resources
the urban heat island.
(including fish and wildlife habitat,
(c) General Authority.-The
water resources, and trails);
Secretary is authorized to provide
(2) assist State and local orga-
financial, technical, and related
nizations (including community
assistance to State foresters or equi-
associations and schools) in organiz-
valent State officials for the purpose
ing and conducting urban and com-
of encouraging States to provide
munity forestry projects and pro-
information and technical assistance
grams;
to units of local government and
(3) improve education and
others that will encourage coopera-
technical support in-
tive efforts to plan urban forestry
(A) selecting tree species
programs and to plant, protect, and
appropriate for planting in urban
maintain, and utilize wood from,
and community environments and
trees in open spaces, greenbelts,
for promotion of energy conserva-
roadside screens, parks, woodlands,
tion;
curb areas, and residential develop-
(B) providing for proper
ments in urban areas. In providing
tree planting, maintenance, and
such assistance, the Secretary is
protection in urban areas and com-
authorized to cooperate with inter-
munities;
ested members of the public, includ-
(C) protecting individual
ing nonprofit private organizations.
trees and preserving existing open
The Secretary is also authorized to
spaces with or without tree cover;
cooperate directly with units of local
and
government and others in imple-
(D) identifying opportunities
menting this section whenever the
for expanding tree cover in urban
Secretary and the affected State
areas and communities;
forester or equivalent State official
(4) assist in the development
agree that direct cooperation would
of State and local management plans
better achieve the purposes of this
for trees and associated resources in
section.
urban areas and communities; and
(d) Program of Education and
(5) increase public understand-
Technical Assistance.-The Secre-
ing of the energy conservation,
tary, in cooperation with State for-
economic, social, environmental,
(789)
Cooperative Forestry Assistance Act of 1978
Act of July 1, 1978 (P.L. 95-313, 92 Stat. 365 as amended; 16 U.S.C.
2101(note), 2101-2103, 2103a, 2103b, 2104-2105)
Note-This Act was amended
could rise with expanded assistance
by P.L. 100-418 to add Sec-
programs;
tion 15 (redesignated as Sec-
(4) managed forest lands pro-
tion 18 by P.L. 100-418);
vide habitats for fish and wildlife, as
amended by P.L. 101-624,
well as aesthetics, outdoor recreation
Title XII, to add new sections
opportunities, and other forest re-
and change some existing sec-
sources;
tions, by P.L. 101-513 to con-
(5) the soil, water, and air
form with international provi-
quality of the United States can be
sions of the International For-
maintained and improved through
estry Cooperation Act of 1990,
good stewardship of privately held
and by P.L. 102-237 to make
forest resources;
some technical amendments.
(6) insects and diseases affect-
ing trees occur and sometimes cre-
Short Title
ate emergency conditions on all
land, whether Federal or non-Feder-
Sec. 1. This Act may be cited as
al, and efforts to prevent and control
the "Cooperative Forestry Assistance
such insects and diseases often
Act of 1978." (16 U.S.C.
require coordinated action by both
2101 (note))
Federal and non-Federal land man-
agers;
Findings, Purpose, and Policy
(7) fires in rural areas threaten
human lives, property, forests and
Sec. 2. (a) Findings.-Congress
other resources, and Federal-State
finds that-
cooperation in forest fire protection
(1) most of the productive
has proven effective and valuable;
forest land of the United States is in
(8) trees and forests are of
private, State, and local governmen-
great environmental and economic
tal ownership, and the capacity of
value to urban areas;
the United States to produce renew-
(9) managed forests contribute
able forest resources is significantly
to improving the quality, quantity,
dependent on such non-Federal
and timing of water yields that are
forest lands;
of broad benefit to society;
(2) adequate supplies of timber
(10) over half the forest lands
and other forest resources are essen-
of the United States are in need of
tial to the United States, and ade-
some type of conservation treat-
quate supplies are dependent on
ment;
efficient methods for establishing,
(11) forest landowners are
managing, and harvesting trees and
being faced with increased pressure
processing, marketing, and using
to convert their forest land to devel-
wood and wood products;
opment and other purposes;
(3) nearly one-half of the
(12) increased population
wood supply of the United States
pressures and user demands are
comes from nonindustrial private
being placed on private, as well as
timberlands and such percentage
public, landholders to provide a
(776)
wide variety of products and servic-
(b) Purpose.-It is the purpose of
es, including fish and wildlife habi-
this Act to authorize the Secretary
tat, aesthetic quality, and recreation-
of Agriculture (hereafter in this Act
al opportunities;
referred to as the "Secretary"), with
(13) stewardship of privately
respect to non-Federal forest lands
held forest resources requires a
in the United States, and forest
long-term commitment that can be
lands in foreign countries, of the
fostered through local, State, and
United States, to assist in-
Federal governmental actions;
(1) the establishment of a
(14) the Department of Agri-
coordinated and cooperative Federal,
culture, through the coordinated
State, and local forest stewardship
efforts of its agencies with forestry
program for management of the
responsibilities, cooperating with
non-Federal forest lands;
other Federal agencies, State forest-
(2) the encouragement of the
ers, and State political subdivisions,
production of timber;
has the expertise and experience to
(3) the prevention and control
assist private landowners in achiev-
of insects and diseases affecting
ing individual goals and public
trees and forests;
benefits regarding forestry;
(4) the prevention and control
(15) the products and services
of rural fires;
resulting from nonindustrial private
(5) the efficient utilization of
forest land stewardship provide
wood and wood residues, including
income and employment that con-
the recycling of wood fiber;
tribute to the economic health and
(6) the improvement and main-
diversity of rural communities;
tenance of fish and wildlife habitat;
(16) sustainable agroforestry
(7) the planning and conduct
systems and tree planting in semiar-
of urban forestry programs;
id lands can improve environmental
(8) broadening existing forest
quality and maintain farm yields and
management, fire protection, and
income; and
insect and disease protection pro-
(18) the same forest resource
grams on non-Federal forest lands to
supply, protection, and management
meet the multiple use objectives of
issues that exist in the United States
landowners in an environmentally
are also present on an international
sensitive manner;
scale, and the forest and rangeland
(9) providing opportunities to
renewable resources of the world
private landowners to protect eco-
are threatened by deforestation due
logically valuable and threatened
to conversion to agriculture of lands
non-Federal forest lands; and
better suited to other purposes,
(10) strengthening educational,
over-grazing, over-harvesting, and
technical, and financial assistance
other causes which pose a direct
programs that provide assistance to
adverse threat to people, the global
owners of non-Federal forest lands
environment, and the world econo-
in the United States, and forest
my.
lands in foreign countries.
(c) Policy.-It is the policy of
Note-P.L. 101-513 incorrectly
Congress that it is in the national
referred to section 2(a) para-
interest for the Secretary to work
graph (16), (17) and added
through and in cooperation with
new paragraph (18). It should
State foresters, or equivalent State
have referred to (15), (16), and
officials, nongovernmental organiza-
added new paragraph (17).
tions, and the private sector in im-
The result is that there now is
plementing Federal programs affect-
no paragraph (17).
ing non-Federal forest lands.
(777)
(d) Construction.-This Act shall
(8) identifying and protecting
be construed to complement the
the aesthetic character of forest
policies and direction under the
lands;
Forest and Rangeland Renewable
(9) protecting forest land from
Resources Planning Act of 1974 (16
conversion to alternative uses; and
U.S.C. 1600 et seq.). (16 U.S.C.
(10) the management of re-
2101)
sources of forest lands, including-
(A) the harvesting, process-
Rural Forestry Assistance
ing, and marketing of timber and
other forest resources and the mar-
Sec. 3. (a) Assistance to Forest
keting and utilization of wood and
Landowners and Others.-The Sec-
wood products;
retary may provide financial, techni-
(B) the conversion of wood
cal, educational, and related assis-
to energy for domestic, industrial,
tance to State foresters or equivalent
municipal, and other uses;
State officials, and State extension
(C) the planning, manage-
directors, to enable such officials to
ment, and treatment of forest land,
provide technical information, ad-
including site preparation, reforesta-
vice, and related assistance to pri-
tion, thinning, prescribed burning,
vate forest land owners and manag-
and other silvicultural activities
ers, vendors, forest resource opera-
designed to increase the quantity
tors, forest resource professionals,
and improve the quality of timber
public agencies, and individuals to
and other forest resources;
enable such persons to carry out
(D) ensuring that forest
activities that are consistent with the
regeneration or reforestation occurs
purposes of this Act, including-
if needed to sustain long-term re-
(1) protecting, maintaining,
source productivity;
enhancing, restoring, and preserving
(E) protecting and improv-
forest lands and the multiple values
ing forest soil fertility and the quali-
and uses that depend on such lands;
ty, quantity, and timing of water
(2) identifying, protecting,
yields; and
maintaining, enhancing, and preserv-
(F) encouraging the invest-
ing wildlife and fish species, includ-
ment of a portion of the proceeds
ing threatened and endangered spe-
from the sale of timber or other
cies, and their habitats;
forest resources in stewardship
(3) implementing forest man-
activities that preserve, protect,
agement technologies;
maintain, and enhance their forest
(4) selecting, producing, and
land.
marketing alternative forest crops,
(b) State Forestry Assist-
products and services from forest
ance.-The Secretary is authorized
lands;
to provide financial, technical, and
(5) protecting forest land from
related assistance to State foresters,
damage caused by fire, insects,
or equivalent State officials, to-
disease, and damaging weather;
(1) develop genetically im-
(6) managing the rural-land
proved tree seeds;
and urban-land interface to balance
(2) develop and contract for
the use of forest resources in and
the development of field arboretums,
adjacent to urban and community
greenhouses, and tree nurseries, in
areas;
cooperation with a State, to facilitate
(7) identifying and managing
production and distribution of tree
recreational forest land resources;
seeds and seedlings in States where
(778)
Act, during any continuous five-year
(e) Consistency with forest
period.
plans.-The implementation of ac-
(f) Approval.-After reviewing
tion plans shall be consistent with
requests under this section for finan-
land and resource management
cial and economic feasibility and
plans. (7 U.S.C. 6614)
viability, the Secretary shall approve
and implement in accordance with
Training and Education
section 2376 those action plans that
will achieve the purposes of this
Sec. 2377. (a) Programs.-In
chapter. (7 U.S.C. 6613)
furtherance of an action plan, the
Secretary may use the Extension
Action Plan Implementation
Service and other appropriate agen-
cies of the Department of Agricul-
Sec. 2376. (a) In general.-Ac-
ture to develop and conduct educa-
tion plans shall be implemented,
tion programs that assist businesses,
insofar as practicable, to upgrade
elected or appointed officials, and
existing industries to use forest
individuals in rural communities to
resources more efficiently and to
deal with the effects of a transition
expand the economic base of rural
from being economically disadvan-
communities so as to alleviate or
taged to economic diversification.
reduce their dependence on national
These programs may include-
forest resources.
(1) community economic anal-
(b) Assistance.-To implement
ysis and strategic planning;
action plans, the Secretary may
(2) methods for improving and
make grants and enter into coopera-
retooling enterprises now dependent
tive agreements and contracts to
on national forest resources;
provide necessary technical and
(3) methods for expanding
related assistance. Such grants,
enterprises and creating new eco-
cooperative agreements, and con-
nomic opportunities by emphasizing
tracts may be with the affected rural
economic opportunities in other
community, State and local govern-
industries or services not dependent
ments, universities, corporations,
on national forest resources; and
and other persons.
(4) assistance in the evaluation,
(c) Limitation.-The Federal con-
counseling, and enhancement of
tribution to the overall implementa-
vocational skills, training in basic
tion of an action plan shall not
and remedial literacy skills, assis-
exceed 80 percent of the total cost
tance in job seeking skills, and
of the plan, including administrative
training in starting or operating a
and other costs. In calculating the
business enterprise.
Federal contribution, the Secretary
(b) Existing educational and
shall take into account the fair mar-
training programs.-Insofar as prac-
ket value of equipment, personnel,
ticable, the Secretary shall use exist-
and services provided.
ing Federal, State, and private edu-
(d) Available authority.-The
cation resources in carrying out
Secretary may use the Secretary's
these programs. (7 U.S.C. 6615)
authority under the Cooperative For-
estry Assistance Act of 1978 (16
Loans to Economically Disadvan-
U.S.C. 2101 et seq.) and other Fed-
taged Rural Communities
eral, State, and local governmental
authorities in implementing action
Sec. 2378. (a) In general.-The
plans.
Secretary, under such terms and
(1091)
(d) Construction.-This Act shall
(8) identifying and protecting
be construed to complement the
the aesthetic character of forest
policies and direction under the
lands;
Forest and Rangeland Renewable
(9) protecting forest land from
Resources Planning Act of 1974 (16
conversion to alternative uses; and
U.S.C. 1600 et seq.). (16 U.S.C.
(10) the management of re-
2101)
sources of forest lands, including-
(A) the harvesting, process-
Rural Forestry Assistance
ing, and marketing of timber and
other forest resources and the mar-
Sec. 3. (a) Assistance to Forest
keting and utilization of wood and
Landowners and Others.-The Sec-
wood products;
retary may provide financial, techni-
(B) the conversion of wood
cal, educational, and related assis-
to energy for domestic, industrial,
tance to State foresters or equivalent
municipal, and other uses;
State officials, and State extension
(C) the planning, manage-
directors, to enable such officials to
ment, and treatment of forest land,
provide technical information, ad-
including site preparation, reforesta-
vice, and related assistance to pri-
tion, thinning, prescribed burning,
vate forest land owners and manag-
and other silvicultural activities
ers, vendors, forest resource opera-
designed to increase the quantity
tors, forest resource professionals,
and improve the quality of timber
public agencies, and individuals to
and other forest resources;
enable such persons to carry out
(D) ensuring that forest
activities that are consistent with the
regeneration or reforestation occurs
purposes of this Act, including-
if needed to sustain long-term re-
(1) protecting, maintaining,
source productivity;
enhancing, restoring, and preserving
(E) protecting and improv-
forest lands and the multiple values
ing forest soil fertility and the quali-
and uses that depend on such lands;
ty, quantity, and timing of water
(2) identifying, protecting,
yields; and
maintaining, enhancing, and preserv-
(F) encouraging the invest-
ing wildlife and fish species, includ-
ment of a portion of the proceeds
ing threatened and endangered spe-
from the sale of timber or other
cies, and their habitats;
forest resources in stewardship
(3) implementing forest man-
activities that preserve, protect,
agement technologies;
maintain, and enhance their forest
(4) selecting, producing, and
land.
marketing alternative forest crops,
(b) State Forestry Assist-
products and services from forest
ance.-The Secretary is authorized
lands;
to provide financial, technical, and
(5) protecting forest land from
related assistance to State foresters,
damage caused by fire, insects,
or equivalent State officials, to-
disease, and damaging weather;
(1) develop genetically im-
(6) managing the rural-land
proved tree seeds;
and urban-land interface to balance
(2) develop and contract for
the use of forest resources in and
the development of field arboretums,
adjacent to urban and community
greenhouses, and tree nurseries, in
areas;
cooperation with a State, to facilitate
(7) identifying and managing
production and distribution of tree
recreational forest land resources;
seeds and seedlings in States where
(778)
Act, during any continuous five-year
(e) Consistency with forest
period.
plans.-The implementation of ac-
(f) Approval.-After reviewing
tion plans shall be consistent with
requests under this section for finan-
land and resource management
cial and economic feasibility and
plans. (7 U.S.C. 6614)
viability, the Secretary shall approve
and implement in accordance with
Training and Education
section 2376 those action plans that
will achieve the purposes of this
Sec. 2377. (a) Programs.-In
chapter. (7 U.S.C. 6613)
furtherance of an action plan, the
Secretary may use the Extension
Action Plan Implementation
Service and other appropriate agen-
cies of the Department of Agricul-
Sec. 2376. (a) In general.-Ac-
ture to develop and conduct educa-
tion plans shall be implemented,
tion programs that assist businesses,
insofar as practicable, to upgrade
elected or appointed officials, and
existing industries to use forest
individuals in rural communities to
resources more efficiently and to
deal with the effects of a transition
expand the economic base of rural
from being economically disadvan-
communities so as to alleviate or
taged to economic diversification.
reduce their dependence on national
These programs may include-
forest resources.
(1) community economic anal-
(b) Assistance.-To implement
ysis and strategic planning;
action plans, the Secretary may
(2) methods for improving and
make grants and enter into coopera-
retooling enterprises now dependent
tive agreements and contracts to
on national forest resources;
provide necessary technical and
(3) methods for expanding
related assistance. Such grants,
enterprises and creating new eco-
cooperative agreements, and con-
nomic opportunities by emphasizing
tracts may be with the affected rural
economic opportunities in other
community, State and local govern-
industries or services not dependent
ments, universities, corporations,
on national forest resources; and
and other persons.
(4) assistance in the evaluation,
(c) Limitation.-The Federal con-
counseling, and enhancement of
tribution to the overall implementa-
vocational skills, training in basic
tion of an action plan shall not
and remedial literacy skills, assis-
exceed 80 percent of the total cost
tance in job seeking skills, and
of the plan, including administrative
training in starting or operating a
and other costs. In calculating the
business enterprise.
Federal contribution, the Secretary
(b) Existing educational and
shall take into account the fair mar-
training programs.-Insofar as prac-
ket value of equipment, personnel,
ticable, the Secretary shall use exist-
and services provided.
ing Federal, State, and private edu-
(d) Available authority.-The
cation resources in carrying out
Secretary may use the Secretary's
these programs. (7 U.S.C. 6615)
authority under the Cooperative For-
estry Assistance Act of 1978 (16
Loans to Economically Disadvan-
U.S.C. 2101 et seq.) and other Fed-
taged Rural Communities
eral, State, and local governmental
authorities in implementing action
Sec. 2378. (a) In general.-The
plans.
Secretary, under such terms and
(1091)
(2) Authorization of
provide for the protection and ex-
appropriations.-There are hereby
pansion of tree cover and open
authorized to be appropriated annu-
space in urban areas and communi-
ally $10,000,000 to implement this
ties.
subsection. (16 U.S.C. 2104)
(b) Purposes.-The purposes of
this section are to-
Urban and Community Forestry
(1) improve understanding of
Assistance
the benefits of preserving existing
tree cover in urban areas and com-
Sec. 9. (a) Findings.-The Con-
munities;
gress finds that-
(2) encourage owners of pri-
(1) the health of forests in
vate residences and commercial
urban areas and communities, in-
properties to maintain trees and
cluding cities, their suburbs, and
expand forest cover on their proper-
towns, in the United States is on the
ties;
decline;
(3) provide education programs
(2) forest lands, shade trees,
and technical assistance to State and
and open spaces in urban areas and
local organizations (including com-
communities improve the quality of
munity associations and schools) in
life for residents;
maintaining forested lands and indi-
(3) forest lands and associated
vidual trees in urban and community
natural resources enhance the eco-
settings and identifying appropriate
nomic value of residential and com-
tree species and sites for expanding
mercial property in urban and com-
forest cover;
munity settings;
(4) provide assistance through
(4) urban trees are 15 times
competitive matching grants award-
more effective than forest trees at
ed to local units of government,
reducing the buildup of carbon
approved organizations that meet the
dioxide and aid in promoting energy
requirements of section 501(c)(3) of
conservation through mitigation of
the Internal Revenue Code of 1986,
the heat island effect in urban areas;
or other local community tree vol-
(5) tree plantings and ground
unteer groups, for urban and com-
covers such as low growing dense
munity forestry projects;
perennial turfgrass sod in urban
(5) implement a tree planting
areas and communities can aid in
program to complement urban and
reducing carbon dioxide emissions,
community tree maintenance and
mitigating the heat island effect, and
open space programs and to reduce
reducing energy consumption, thus
carbon dioxide emissions, conserve
contributing to efforts to reduce
energy, and improve air quality in
global warming trends;
addition to providing other environ-
(6) efforts to encourage tree
mental benefits;
plantings and protect existing open
(6) promote the establishment
spaces in urban areas and communi-
of demonstration projects in selected
ties can contribute to the social
urban and community settings to
well-being and promote a sense of
illustrate the benefits of maintaining
community in these areas; and
and creating forest cover and trees;
(7) strengthened research,
(7) enhance the technical skills
education, technical assistance, and
and understanding of sound tree
public information and participation
maintenance and arboricultural
in tree planting and maintenance
practices including practices involv-
programs for trees and complemen-
ing the cultivation of trees, shrubs
tary ground covers for urban and
and complementary ground covers,
community forests are needed to
of individuals involved in the plan-
(788)
ning, development, and maintenance
esters and State extension directors
of urban and community forests and
or equivalent State officials and
trees; and
interested members of the public,
(8) expand existing research
including nonprofit private organiza-
and educational efforts intended to
tions, shall implement a program of
improve understanding of-
education and technical assistance
(A) tree growth and mainte-
for urban and community forest
nance, tree physiology and morphol-
resources. The program shall be
ogy, species adaptations, and forest
designed to-
ecology,
(1) assist urban areas and
(B) the value of integrating
communities in conducting invento-
trees and ground covers,
ries of their forest resources, includ-
(C) the economic, environ-
ing inventories of the species, num-
mental, social, and psychological
ber, location, and health of trees in
benefits of trees and forest cover in
urban areas and communities, identi-
urban and community environments,
fying opportunities for the establish-
and
ment of plantings for the purposes
(D) the role of urban trees
of conserving energy, and determin-
in conserving energy and mitigating
ing the status of related resources
the urban heat island.
(including fish and wildlife habitat,
(c) General Authority.-The
water resources, and trails);
Secretary is authorized to provide
(2) assist State and local orga-
financial, technical, and related
nizations (including community
assistance to State foresters or equi-
associations and schools) in organiz-
valent State officials for the purpose
ing and conducting urban and com-
of encouraging States to provide
munity forestry projects and pro-
information and technical assistance
grams;
to units of local government and
(3) improve education and
others that will encourage coopera-
technical support in-
tive efforts to plan urban forestry
(A) selecting tree species
programs and to plant, protect, and
appropriate for planting in urban
maintain, and utilize wood from,
and community environments and
trees in open spaces, greenbelts,
for promotion of energy conserva-
roadside screens, parks, woodlands,
tion;
curb areas, and residential develop-
(B) providing for proper
ments in urban areas. In providing
tree planting, maintenance, and
such assistance, the Secretary is
protection in urban areas and com-
authorized to cooperate with inter-
munities;
ested members of the public, includ-
(C) protecting individual
ing nonprofit private organizations.
trees and preserving existing open
The Secretary is also authorized to
spaces with or without tree cover;
cooperate directly with units of local
and
government and others in imple-
(D) identifying opportunities
menting this section whenever the
for expanding tree cover in urban
Secretary and the affected State
areas and communities;
forester or equivalent State official
(4) assist in the development
agree that direct cooperation would
of State and local management plans
better achieve the purposes of this
for trees and associated resources in
section.
urban areas and communities; and
(d) Program of Education and
(5) increase public understand-
Technical Assistance.-The Secre-
ing of the energy conservation,
tary, in cooperation with State for-
economic, social, environmental,
(789)
and psychological values of trees
vided under this subsection may not
and open space in urban and com-
exceed 50 percent of the support for
munity environments and expand
that project and shall be provided on
knowledge of the ecological rela-
a matching basis. The non-Federal
tionships and benefits of trees and
share of such support may be in the
related resources in these environ-
form of cash, services, or in-kind
ments.
contributions.
(e) Procurement of Plant Mater-
(g) Forestry Advisory Council.-
ials.-The Secretary, in cooperation
(1) Establishment and
with State foresters or equivalent
purpose.-The Secretary shall estab-
State officials, shall assist in identi-
lish a National Urban and Commu-
fying sources of plant materials and
nity Forestry Advisory Council
may procure or otherwise obtain
(hereafter in this section referred to
such plant materials from public or
as the 'Council') for the purpose
private sources and may make such
of-
plant materials available to urban
(A) developing a national
areas and communities for the pur-
urban and community forestry ac-
pose of reforesting open spaces,
tion plan;
replacing dead and dying urban
(B) evaluating the imple-
trees, promoting energy conserva-
mentation of that plan; and
tion, and providing other environ-
(C) developing criteria for,
mental benefits through expanding
and submitting recommendations
tree cover in urban areas and com-
with respect to, the urban and com-
munities.
munity forestry challenge cost-share
(f) Challenge Cost-Share Pro-
program under subsection (f).
gram.-
(2) Composition and opera-
(1) In general.-The Secretary
tion.-
shall establish an urban and commu-
(A) Composition.-The
nity forestry challenge cost-share
Council shall be composed of 15
program. Funds or other support
members appointed by the Secre-
shall be provided under such pro-
tary, as follows:
gram to eligible communities and
(i) 2 members representing
organizations, on a competitive
national nonprofit forestry and con-
basis, for urban and community
servation citizen organizations,
forestry projects. The Secretary shall
(ii) 3 members, 1 each
annually make awards under the
representing State, county, and city
program in accordance with criteria
and town governments,
developed in consultation with, and
(iii) 1 member representing
after consideration of recommen-
the forest products, nursery, or
dations received from, the National
related industries,
Urban and Community Forestry
(iv) 1 member representing
Advisory Council established under
urban forestry, landscape, or design
subsection (g). Each State forester
consultants,
or equivalent State official may
(v) 2 members representing
make recommendations to the Sec-
academic institutions with an exper-
retary for awards under the program
tise in urban and community forest-
for project proposals in their State
ry activities,
which meet such criteria. Awards
(vi) 1 member representing
shall be consistent with the
State forestry agencies or equivalent
cost-share requirements of this sec-
State agencies,
tion.
(vii) 1 member representing
(2) Cost-sharing.-The Federal
a professional renewable natural re-
share of support for a project pro-
source or arboricultural society,
(790)
(d) Construction.-This Act shall
(8) identifying and protecting
be construed to complement the
the aesthetic character of forest
policies and direction under the
lands;
Forest and Rangeland Renewable
(9) protecting forest land from
Resources Planning Act of 1974 (16
conversion to alternative uses; and
U.S.C. 1600 et seq.). (16 U.S.C.
(10) the management of re-
2101)
sources of forest lands, including-
(A) the harvesting, process-
Rural Forestry Assistance
ing, and marketing of timber and
other forest resources and the mar-
Sec. 3. (a) Assistance to Forest
keting and utilization of wood and
Landowners and Others.-The Sec-
wood products;
retary may provide financial, techni-
(B) the conversion of wood
cal, educational, and related assis-
to energy for domestic, industrial,
tance to State foresters or equivalent
municipal, and other uses;
State officials, and State extension
(C) the planning, manage-
directors, to enable such officials to
ment, and treatment of forest land,
provide technical information, ad-
including site preparation, reforesta-
vice, and related assistance to pri-
tion, thinning, prescribed burning,
vate forest land owners and manag-
and other silvicultural activities
ers, vendors, forest resource opera-
designed to increase the quantity
tors, forest resource professionals,
and improve the quality of timber
public agencies, and individuals to
and other forest resources;
enable such persons to carry out
(D) ensuring that forest
activities that are consistent with the
regeneration or reforestation occurs
purposes of this Act, including-
if needed to sustain long-term re-
(1) protecting, maintaining,
source productivity;
enhancing, restoring, and preserving
(E) protecting and improv-
forest lands and the multiple values
ing forest soil fertility and the quali-
and uses that depend on such lands;
ty, quantity, and timing of water
(2) identifying, protecting,
yields; and
maintaining, enhancing, and preserv-
(F) encouraging the invest-
ing wildlife and fish species, includ-
ment of a portion of the proceeds
ing threatened and endangered spe-
from the sale of timber or other
cies, and their habitats;
forest resources in stewardship
(3) implementing forest man-
activities that preserve, protect,
agement technologies;
maintain, and enhance their forest
(4) selecting, producing, and
land.
marketing alternative forest crops,
(b) State Forestry Assist-
products and services from forest
ance.-The Secretary is authorized
lands;
to provide financial, technical, and
(5) protecting forest land from
related assistance to State foresters,
damage caused by fire, insects,
or equivalent State officials, to-
disease, and damaging weather;
(1) develop genetically im-
(6) managing the rural-land
proved tree seeds;
and urban-land interface to balance
(2) develop and contract for
the use of forest resources in and
the development of field arboretums,
adjacent to urban and community
greenhouses, and tree nurseries, in
areas;
cooperation with a State, to facilitate
(7) identifying and managing
production and distribution of tree
recreational forest land resources;
seeds and seedlings in States where
(778)
1990 Farm Bill
(Agricultural Development and Trade Act of 1990;
National Forest-Dependent Rural Communities
Economic Diversification Act of 1990)
Act of November 28, 1990 (P.L. 101-624, Title XV, Chapter 5 104
Stat. 3632; 7 U.S.C. 936b, 946(note), 950aaa-4, 1691(note), 1927(a)(3),
1932(f), 6601, 6601(note), 6611-6617, 2001a, 2001a(note), 2007(note),
2204d, 2661(note), 2662, 2662(note), 3125b, 6702-10; 13 U.S.C.
141(note), 142(note),
Short Title
Sec. 2371. (a) Establishment of
economic development and global
Sec. 1501. This title may be
marketing program.-The Secretary
cited as the "Agricultural Develop-
of Agriculture, acting through the
ment and Trade Act of 1990".
Extension Service and the Coopera-
(7 U.S.C. 691(note))
tive Extension System, and in con-
sultation with the Forest Service,
****
shall establish and implement educa-
tional programs and provide techni-
CHAPTER 5-EFFECTIVE
cal assistance to assist businesses,
DATE
industries, and policymakers to
create jobs, raise incomes, and in-
Effective Date
crease public revenues in manners
consistent with environmental con-
Sec. 2368. (a) In general.-Ex-
cerns.
cept as provided in subsection (b),
(b) Activities.-Each program
this subtitle and the amendments
established under subsection (a)
made by this subtitle shall take
shall-
effect on the date of enactment of
(1) transfer technologies to
this Act.
natural resource-based industries in
(b) Technical Amendments.-The
the United States to make such
amendments made by section 2367
industries more efficient, productive,
shall take effect as if such amend-
and competitive;
ments had been included in chapter
(2) assist businesses to identify
2 of subtitle D of title I of the Om-
global marketing opportunities,
nibus Budget Reconciliation Act of
conduct business on an international
1987 on the date of enactment of
basis, and market themselves more
such chapter. (7 U.S.C. 946(note))
effectively; and
(3) train local leaders in strate-
SUBTITLE G - RURAL REVI-
gic community economic develop-
TALIZATION THROUGH FOR-
ment.
ESTRY
(c) Types of programs.-The
Secretary of Agriculture shall estab-
CHAPTER 1-FORESTRY RUR-
lish specific programs under subsec-
AL REVITALIZATION
tion (a) to-
(1) deliver educational services
Forestry Rural Revitalization
focused on community economic
(1088)
analysis, economic diversification,
(4) this lack of diversity is
economic impact analysis, retention
particularly serious in communities
and expansion of existing commodi-
whose economies are predominantly
ty and noncommodity industries,
dependent on timber and recreation
amenity resource and tourism devel-
resources and where management
opment, and entrepreneurship focus-
decisions made on the national
ing on forest lands and rural com-
forests by Federal and private orga-
munities;
nizations may disrupt the supply of
(2) use Cooperative Extension
those resources;
System databases and analytical
(5) the Forest Service has
tools to help communities diversify
expertise and resources that could
their economic bases, add value
be directed to promote moderniza-
locally to raw forest product materi-
tion and economic diversification of
als, and retain revenues by helping
existing industries and services
to develop local businesses and
based on forest resources;
industries to supply forest products
(6) the Forest Service has the
locally; and
technical expertise to provide lead-
(3) use the full resources of
ership, in cooperation with other
the Cooperative Extension Service,
governmental agencies and the
including land-grant universities and
private sector, to assist rural com-
county offices, to promote economic
munities dependent upon national
development that is sustainable and
forest resources to upgrade existing
environmentally sound. (7 U.S.C.
industries and diversify by develop-
6601)
ing new economic activity in non--
forest-related industries; and
CHAPTER 2-NATIONAL
(7) technical assistance, train-
FOREST-DEPENDENT RURAL
ing, education, and other assistance
COMMUNITIES
provided by the Department of
Agriculture can be targeted to pro-
Short Title
vide immediate help to those rural
communities in greatest need.
Sec. 2372. This chapter may be
(b) Purposes.-The purposes of
cited as the "National Forest-De-
this chapter are-
pendent Rural Communities Eco-
(1) to provide assistance to
nomic Diversification Act of 1990".
rural communities that are located in
(7 U.S.C. 6601 (note))
or near national forests and that are
economically dependent upon forest
Findings and Purposes
resources or are likely to be eco-
nomically disadvantaged by Federal
Sec. 2373. (a) Findings.-The
or private sector land management
Congress finds that-
practices;
(1) the economic well-being of
(2) to aid in diversifying such
rural America is vital to our national
communities' economic bases; and
growth and prosperity;
(3) to improve the economic,
(2) the economic well-being of
social, and environmental well-being
many rural communities depends
of rural America. (7 U.S.C. 6611)
upon the goods and services that are
derived from national forests;
Definitions
(3) the economies of many of
these communities suffer from a
Sec. 2374. As used in this chap-
lack of industrial and business di-
ter:
versity;
(1089)
Act, during any continuous five-year
(e) Consistency with forest
period.
plans.-The implementation of ac-
(f) Approval.-After reviewing
tion plans shall be consistent with
requests under this section for finan-
land and resource management
cial and economic feasibility and
plans. (7 U.S.C. 6614)
viability, the Secretary shall approve
and implement in accordance with
Training and Education
section 2376 those action plans that
will achieve the purposes of this
Sec. 2377. (a) Programs.-In
chapter. (7 U.S.C. 6613)
furtherance of an action plan, the
Secretary may use the Extension
Action Plan Implementation
Service and other appropriate agen-
cies of the Department of Agricul-
Sec. 2376. (a) In general.-Ac-
ture to develop and conduct educa-
tion plans shall be implemented,
tion programs that assist businesses,
insofar as practicable, to upgrade
elected or appointed officials, and
existing industries to use forest
individuals in rural communities to
resources more efficiently and to
deal with the effects of a transition
expand the economic base of rural
from being economically disadvan-
communities so as to alleviate or
taged to economic diversification.
reduce their dependence on national
These programs may include-
forest resources.
(1) community economic anal-
(b) Assistance.-To implement
ysis and strategic planning;
action plans, the Secretary may
(2) methods for improving and
make grants and enter into coopera-
retooling enterprises now dependent
tive agreements and contracts to
on national forest resources;
provide necessary technical and
(3) methods for expanding
related assistance. Such grants,
enterprises and creating new eco-
cooperative agreements, and con-
nomic opportunities by emphasizing
tracts may be with the affected rural
economic opportunities in other
community, State and local govern-
industries or services not dependent
ments, universities, corporations,
on national forest resources; and
and other persons.
(4) assistance in the evaluation,
(c) Limitation.-The Federal con-
counseling, and enhancement of
tribution to the overall implementa-
vocational skills, training in basic
tion of an action plan shall not
and remedial literacy skills, assis-
exceed 80 percent of the total cost
tance in job seeking skills, and
of the plan, including administrative
training in starting or operating a
and other costs. In calculating the
business enterprise.
Federal contribution, the Secretary
(b) Existing educational and
shall take into account the fair mar-
training programs.-Insofar as prac-
ket value of equipment, personnel,
ticable, the Secretary shall use exist-
and services provided.
ing Federal, State, and private edu-
(d) Available authority.-The
cation resources in carrying out
Secretary may use the Secretary's
these programs. (7 U.S.C. 6615)
authority under the Cooperative For-
estry Assistance Act of 1978 (16
Loans to Economically Disadvan-
U.S.C. 2101 et seq.) and other Fed-
taged Rural Communities
eral, State, and local governmental
authorities in implementing action
Sec. 2378. (a) In general.-The
plans.
Secretary, under such terms and
(1091)
(d) Construction.-This Act shall
(8) identifying and protecting
be construed to complement the
the aesthetic character of forest
policies and direction under the
lands;
Forest and Rangeland Renewable
(9) protecting forest land from
Resources Planning Act of 1974 (16
conversion to alternative uses; and
U.S.C. 1600 et seq.). (16 U.S.C.
(10) the management of re-
2101)
sources of forest lands, including-
(A) the harvesting, process-
Rural Forestry Assistance
ing, and marketing of timber and
other forest resources and the mar-
Sec. 3. (a) Assistance to Forest
keting and utilization of wood and
Landowners and Others.-The Sec-
wood products;
retary may provide financial, techni-
(B) the conversion of wood
cal, educational, and related assis-
to energy for domestic, industrial,
tance to State foresters or equivalent
municipal, and other uses;
State officials, and State extension
(C) the planning, manage-
directors, to enable such officials to
ment, and treatment of forest land,
provide technical information, ad-
including site preparation, reforesta-
vice, and related assistance to pri-
tion, thinning, prescribed burning,
vate forest land owners and manag-
and other silvicultural activities
ers, vendors, forest resource opera-
designed to increase the quantity
tors, forest resource professionals,
and improve the quality of timber
public agencies, and individuals to
and other forest resources;
enable such persons to carry out
(D) ensuring that forest
activities that are consistent with the
regeneration or reforestation occurs
purposes of this Act, including-
if needed to sustain long-term re-
(1) protecting, maintaining,
source productivity;
enhancing, restoring, and preserving
(E) protecting and improv-
forest lands and the multiple values
ing forest soil fertility and the quali-
and uses that depend on such lands;
ty, quantity, and timing of water
(2) identifying, protecting,
yields; and
maintaining, enhancing, and preserv-
(F) encouraging the invest-
ing wildlife and fish species, includ-
ment of a portion of the proceeds
ing threatened and endangered spe-
from the sale of timber or other
cies, and their habitats;
forest resources in stewardship
(3) implementing forest man-
activities that preserve, protect,
agement technologies;
maintain, and enhance their forest
(4) selecting, producing, and
land.
marketing alternative forest crops,
(b) State Forestry Assist-
products and services from forest
ance.-The Secretary is authorized
lands;
to provide financial, technical, and
(5) protecting forest land from
related assistance to State foresters,
damage caused by fire, insects,
or equivalent State officials, to-
disease, and damaging weather;
(1) develop genetically im-
(6) managing the rural-land
proved tree seeds;
and urban-land interface to balance
(2) develop and contract for
the use of forest resources in and
the development of field arboretums,
adjacent to urban and community
greenhouses, and tree nurseries, in
areas;
cooperation with a State, to facilitate
(7) identifying and managing
production and distribution of tree
recreational forest land resources;
seeds and seedlings in States where
(778)
1990 Farm Bill
(Agricultural Development and Trade Act of 1990;
National Forest-Dependent Rural Communities
Economic Diversification Act of 1990)
Act of November 28, 1990 (P.L. 101-624, Title XV, Chapter 5 104
Stat. 3632; 7 U.S.C. 936b, 946(note), 950aaa-4, 1691(note), 1927(a)(3),
1932(f), 6601, 6601(note), 6611-6617, 2001a, 2001a(note), 2007(note),
2204d, 2661(note), 2662, 2662(note), 3125b, 6702-10; 13 U.S.C.
141(note), 142(note),
Short Title
Sec. 2371. (a) Establishment of
economic development and global
Sec. 1501. This title may be
marketing program.-The Secretary
cited as the "Agricultural Develop-
of Agriculture, acting through the
ment and Trade Act of 1990".
Extension Service and the Coopera-
(7 U.S.C. 1691(note))
tive Extension System, and in con-
sultation with the Forest Service,
****
shall establish and implement educa-
tional programs and provide techni-
CHAPTER 5-EFFECTIVE
cal assistance to assist businesses,
DATE
industries, and policymakers to
create jobs, raise incomes, and in-
Effective Date
crease public revenues in manners
consistent with environmental con-
Sec. 2368. (a) In general.-Ex-
cerns.
cept as provided in subsection (b),
(b) Activities.-Each program
this subtitle and the amendments
established under subsection (a)
made by this subtitle shall take
shall-
effect on the date of enactment of
(1) transfer technologies to
this Act.
natural resource-based industries in
(b) Technical Amendments.-The
the United States to make such
amendments made by section 2367
industries more efficient, productive,
shall take effect as if such amend-
and competitive;
ments had been included in chapter
(2) assist businesses to identify
2 of subtitle D of title I of the Om-
global marketing opportunities,
nibus Budget Reconciliation Act of
conduct business on an international
1987 on the date of enactment of
basis, and market themselves more
such chapter. (7 U.S.C. 946(note))
effectively; and
(3) train local leaders in strate-
SUBTITLE G - RURAL REVI-
gic community economic develop-
TALIZATION THROUGH FOR-
ment.
ESTRY
(c) Types of programs.-The
Secretary of Agriculture shall estab-
CHAPTER 1-FORESTRY RUR-
lish specific programs under subsec-
AL REVITALIZATION
tion (a) to-
(1) deliver educational services
Forestry Rural Revitalization
focused on community economic
(1088)
analysis, economic diversification,
(4) this lack of diversity is
economic impact analysis, retention
particularly serious in communities
and expansion of existing commodi-
whose economies are predominantly
ty and noncommodity industries,
dependent on timber and recreation
amenity resource and tourism devel-
resources and where management
opment, and entrepreneurship focus-
decisions made on the national
ing on forest lands and rural com-
forests by Federal and private orga-
munities;
nizations may disrupt the supply of
(2) use Cooperative Extension
those resources;
System databases and analytical
(5) the Forest Service has
tools to help communities diversify
expertise and resources that could
their economic bases, add value
be directed to promote moderniza-
locally to raw forest product materi-
tion and economic diversification of
als, and retain revenues by helping
existing industries and services
to develop local businesses and
based on forest resources;
industries to supply forest products
(6) the Forest Service has the
locally; and
technical expertise to provide lead-
(3) use the full resources of
ership, in cooperation with other
the Cooperative Extension Service,
governmental agencies and the
including land-grant universities and
private sector, to assist rural com-
county offices, to promote economic
munities dependent upon national
development that is sustainable and
forest resources to upgrade existing
environmentally sound. (7 U.S.C.
industries and diversify by develop-
6601)
ing new economic activity in non--
forest-related industries; and
CHAPTER 2-NATIONAL
(7) technical assistance, train-
FOREST-DEPENDENT RURAL
ing, education, and other assistance
COMMUNITIES
provided by the Department of
Agriculture can be targeted to pro-
Short Title
vide immediate help to those rural
communities in greatest need.
Sec. 2372. This chapter may be
(b) Purposes.-The purposes of
cited as the "National Forest-De-
this chapter are-
pendent Rural Communities Eco-
(1) to provide assistance to
nomic Diversification Act of 1990".
rural communities that are located in
(7 U.S.C. 6601(note))
or near national forests and that are
economically dependent upon forest
Findings and Purposes
resources or are likely to be eco-
nomically disadvantaged by Federal
Sec. 2373. (a) Findings.-The
or private sector land management
Congress finds that-
practices;
(1) the economic well-being of
(2) to aid in diversifying such
rural America is vital to our national
communities' economic bases; and
growth and prosperity;
(3) to improve the economic,
(2) the economic well-being of
social, and environmental well-being
many rural communities depends
of rural America. (7 U.S.C. 6611)
upon the goods and services that are
derived from national forests;
Definitions
(3) the economies of many of
these communities suffer from a
Sec. 2374. As used in this chap-
lack of industrial and business di-
ter:
versity;
(1089)
Act, during any continuous five-year
(e) Consistency with forest
period.
plans.-The implementation of ac-
(f) Approval.-After reviewing
tion plans shall be consistent with
requests under this section for finan-
land and resource management
cial and economic feasibility and
plans. (7 U.S.C. 6614)
viability, the Secretary shall approve
and implement in accordance with
Training and Education
section 2376 those action plans that
will achieve the purposes of this
Sec. 2377. (a) Programs.-In
chapter. (7 U.S.C. 6613)
furtherance of an action plan, the
Secretary may use the Extension
Action Plan Implementation
Service and other appropriate agen-
cies of the Department of Agricul-
Sec. 2376. (a) In general.-Ac-
ture to develop and conduct educa-
tion plans shall be implemented,
tion programs that assist businesses,
insofar as practicable, to upgrade
elected or appointed officials, and
existing industries to use forest
individuals in rural communities to
resources more efficiently and to
deal with the effects of a transition
expand the economic base of rural
from being economically disadvan-
communities so as to alleviate or
taged to economic diversification.
reduce their dependence on national
These programs may include-
forest resources.
(1) community economic anal-
(b) Assistance.-To implement
ysis and strategic planning;
action plans, the Secretary may
(2) methods for improving and
make grants and enter into coopera-
retooling enterprises now dependent
tive agreements and contracts to
on national forest resources;
provide necessary technical and
(3) methods for expanding
related assistance. Such grants,
enterprises and creating new eco-
cooperative agreements, and con-
nomic opportunities by emphasizing
tracts may be with the affected rural
economic opportunities in other
community, State and local govern-
industries or services not dependent
ments, universities, corporations,
on national forest resources; and
and other persons.
(4) assistance in the evaluation,
(c) Limitation.-The Federal con-
counseling, and enhancement of
tribution to the overall implementa-
vocational skills, training in basic
tion of an action plan shall not
and remedial literacy skills, assis-
exceed 80 percent of the total cost
tance in job seeking skills, and
of the plan, including administrative
training in starting or operating a
and other costs. In calculating the
business enterprise.
Federal contribution, the Secretary
(b) Existing educational and
shall take into account the fair mar-
training programs.-Insofar as prac-
ket value of equipment, personnel,
ticable, the Secretary shall use exist-
and services provided.
ing Federal, State, and private edu-
(d) Available authority.-The
cation resources in carrying out
Secretary may use the Secretary's
these programs. (7 U.S.C. 6615)
authority under the Cooperative For-
estry Assistance Act of 1978 (16
Loans to Economically Disadvan-
U.S.C. 2101 et seq.) and other Fed-
taged Rural Communities
eral, State, and local governmental
authorities in implementing action
Sec. 2378. (a) In general.-The
plans.
Secretary, under such terms and
(1091)
(d) Construction.-This Act shall
(8) identifying and protecting
be construed to complement the
the aesthetic character of forest
policies and direction under the
lands;
Forest and Rangeland Renewable
(9) protecting forest land from
Resources Planning Act of 1974 (16
conversion to alternative uses; and
U.S.C. 1600 et seq.). (16 U.S.C.
(10) the management of re-
2101)
sources of forest lands, including-
(A) the harvesting, process-
Rural Forestry Assistance
ing, and marketing of timber and
other forest resources and the mar-
Sec. 3. (a) Assistance to Forest
keting and utilization of wood and
Landowners and Others.-The Sec-
wood products;
retary may provide financial, techni-
(B) the conversion of wood
cal, educational, and related assis-
to energy for domestic, industrial,
tance to State foresters or equivalent
municipal, and other uses;
State officials, and State extension
(C) the planning, manage-
directors, to enable such officials to
ment, and treatment of forest land,
provide technical information, ad-
including site preparation, reforesta-
vice, and related assistance to pri-
tion, thinning, prescribed burning,
vate forest land owners and manag-
and other silvicultural activities
ers, vendors, forest resource opera-
designed to increase the quantity
tors, forest resource professionals,
and improve the quality of timber
public agencies, and individuals to
and other forest resources;
enable such persons to carry out
(D) ensuring that forest
activities that are consistent with the
regeneration or reforestation occurs
purposes of this Act, including-
if needed to sustain long-term re-
(1) protecting, maintaining,
source productivity;
enhancing, restoring, and preserving
(E) protecting and improv-
forest lands and the multiple values
ing forest soil fertility and the quali-
and uses that depend on such lands;
ty, quantity, and timing of water
(2) identifying, protecting,
yields; and
maintaining, enhancing, and preserv-
(F) encouraging the invest-
ing wildlife and fish species, includ-
ment of a portion of the proceeds
ing threatened and endangered spe-
from the sale of timber or other
cies, and their habitats;
forest resources in stewardship
(3) implementing forest man-
activities that preserve, protect,
agement technologies;
maintain, and enhance their forest
(4) selecting, producing, and
land.
marketing alternative forest crops,
(b) State Forestry Assist-
products and services from forest
ance.-The Secretary is authorized
lands;
to provide financial, technical, and
(5) protecting forest land from
related assistance to State foresters,
damage caused by fire, insects,
or equivalent State officials, to-
disease, and damaging weather;
(1) develop genetically im-
(6) managing the rural-land
proved tree seeds;
and urban-land interface to balance
(2) develop and contract for
the use of forest resources in and
the development of field arboretums,
adjacent to urban and community
greenhouses, and tree nurseries, in
areas;
cooperation with a State, to facilitate
(7) identifying and managing
production and distribution of tree
recreational forest land resources;
seeds and seedlings in States where
(778)
(2) Authorization of
provide for the protection and ex-
appropriations.-There are hereby
pansion of tree cover and open
authorized to be appropriated annu-
space in urban areas and communi-
ally $10,000,000 to implement this
ties.
subsection. (16 U.S.C. 2104)
(b) Purposes.-The purposes of
this section are to-
Urban and Community Forestry
(1) improve understanding of
Assistance
the benefits of preserving existing
tree cover in urban areas and com-
Sec. 9. (a) Findings.-The Con-
munities;
gress finds that-
(2) encourage owners of pri-
(1) the health of forests in
vate residences and commercial
urban areas and communities, in-
properties to maintain trees and
cluding cities, their suburbs, and
expand forest cover on their proper-
towns, in the United States is on the
ties;
decline;
(3) provide education programs
(2) forest lands, shade trees,
and technical assistance to State and
and open spaces in urban areas and
local organizations (including com-
communities improve the quality of
munity associations and schools) in
life for residents;
maintaining forested lands and indi-
(3) forest lands and associated
vidual trees in urban and community
natural resources enhance the eco-
settings and identifying appropriate
nomic value of residential and com-
tree species and sites for expanding
mercial property in urban and com-
forest cover;
munity settings;
(4) provide assistance through
(4) urban trees are 15 times
competitive matching grants award-
more effective than forest trees at
ed to local units of government,
reducing the buildup of carbon
approved organizations that meet the
dioxide and aid in promoting energy
requirements of section 501(c)(3) of
conservation through mitigation of
the Internal Revenue Code of 1986,
the heat island effect in urban areas;
or other local community tree vol-
(5) tree plantings and ground
unteer groups, for urban and com-
covers such as low growing dense
munity forestry projects;
perennial turfgrass sod in urban
(5) implement a tree planting
areas and communities can aid in
program to complement urban and
reducing carbon dioxide emissions,
community tree maintenance and
mitigating the heat island effect, and
open space programs and to reduce
reducing energy consumption, thus
carbon dioxide emissions, conserve
contributing to efforts to reduce
energy, and improve air quality in
global warming trends;
addition to providing other environ-
(6) efforts to encourage tree
mental benefits;
plantings and protect existing open
(6) promote the establishment
spaces in urban areas and communi-
of demonstration projects in selected
ties can contribute to the social
urban and community settings to
well-being and promote a sense of
illustrate the benefits of maintaining
community in these areas; and
and creating forest cover and trees;
(7) strengthened research,
(7) enhance the technical skills
education, technical assistance, and
and understanding of sound tree
public information and participation
maintenance and arboricultural
in tree planting and maintenance
practices including practices involv-
programs for trees and complemen-
ing the cultivation of trees, shrubs
tary ground covers for urban and
and complementary ground covers,
community forests are needed to
of individuals involved in the plan-
(788)
ning, development, and maintenance
esters and State extension directors
of urban and community forests and
or equivalent State officials and
trees; and
interested members of the public,
(8) expand existing research
including nonprofit private organiza-
and educational efforts intended to
tions, shall implement a program of
improve understanding of-
education and technical assistance
(A) tree growth and mainte-
for urban and community forest
nance, tree physiology and morphol-
resources. The program shall be
ogy, species adaptations, and forest
designed to-
ecology,
(1) assist urban areas and
(B) the value of integrating
communities in conducting invento-
trees and ground covers,
ries of their forest resources, includ-
(C) the economic, environ-
ing inventories of the species, num-
mental, social, and psychological
ber, location, and health of trees in
benefits of trees and forest cover in
urban areas and communities, identi-
urban and community environments,
fying opportunities for the establish-
and
ment of plantings for the purposes
(D) the role of urban trees
of conserving energy, and determin-
in conserving energy and mitigating
ing the status of related resources
the urban heat island.
(including fish and wildlife habitat,
(c) General Authority.-The
water resources, and trails);
Secretary is authorized to provide
(2) assist State and local orga-
financial, technical, and related
nizations (including community
assistance to State foresters or equi-
associations and schools) in organiz-
valent State officials for the purpose
ing and conducting urban and com-
of encouraging States to provide
munity forestry projects and pro-
information and technical assistance
grams;
to units of local government and
(3) improve education and
others that will encourage coopera-
technical support in-
tive efforts to plan urban forestry
(A) selecting tree species
programs and to plant, protect, and
appropriate for planting in urban
maintain, and utilize wood from,
and community environments and
trees in open spaces, greenbelts,
for promotion of energy conserva-
roadside screens, parks, woodlands,
tion;
curb areas, and residential develop-
(B) providing for proper
ments in urban areas. In providing
tree planting, maintenance, and
such assistance, the Secretary is
protection in urban areas and com-
authorized to cooperate with inter-
munities;
ested members of the public, includ-
(C) protecting individual
ing nonprofit private organizations.
trees and preserving existing open
The Secretary is also authorized to
spaces with or without tree cover;
cooperate directly with units of local
and
government and others in imple-
(D) identifying opportunities
menting this section whenever the
for expanding tree cover in urban
Secretary and the affected State
areas and communities;
forester or equivalent State official
(4) assist in the development
agree that direct cooperation would
of State and local management plans
better achieve the purposes of this
for trees and associated resources in
section.
urban areas and communities; and
(d) Program of Education and
(5) increase public understand-
Technical Assistance.-The Secre-
ing of the energy conservation,
tary, in cooperation with State for-
economic, social, environmental,
(789)
1990 Farm Bill
(Agricultural Development and Trade Act of 1990;
National Forest-Dependent Rural Communities
Economic Diversification Act of 1990)
Act of November 28, 1990 (P.L. 101-624, Title XV, Chapter 5 104
Stat. 3632; 7 U.S.C. 936b, 946(note), 950aaa-4, 1691(note), 1927(a)(3),
1932(f), 6601, 6601(note), 6611-6617, 2001a, 2001a(note), 2007(note),
2204d, 2661(note), 2662, 2662(note), 3125b, 6702-10; 13 U.S.C.
141(note), 142(note),
Short Title
Sec. 2371. (a) Establishment of
economic development and global
Sec. 1501. This title may be
marketing program.-The Secretary
cited as the "Agricultural Develop-
of Agriculture, acting through the
ment and Trade Act of 1990".
Extension Service and the Coopera-
(7 U.S.C. 1691 (note))
tive Extension System, and in con-
sultation with the Forest Service,
****
shall establish and implement educa-
tional programs and provide techni-
CHAPTER 5-EFFECTIVE
cal assistance to assist businesses,
DATE
industries, and policymakers to
create jobs, raise incomes, and in-
Effective Date
crease public revenues in manners
consistent with environmental con-
Sec. 2368. (a) In general.-Ex-
cerns.
cept as provided in subsection (b),
(b) Activities.-Each program
this subtitle and the amendments
established under subsection (a)
made by this subtitle shall take
shall-
effect on the date of enactment of
(1) transfer technologies to
this Act.
natural resource-based industries in
(b) Technical Amendments.-The
the United States to make such
amendments made by section 2367
industries more efficient, productive,
shall take effect as if such amend-
and competitive;
ments had been included in chapter
(2) assist businesses to identify
2 of subtitle D of title I of the Om-
global marketing opportunities,
nibus Budget Reconciliation Act of
conduct business on an international
1987 on the date of enactment of
basis, and market themselves more
such chapter. (7 U.S.C. 946(note))
effectively; and
(3) train local leaders in strate-
SUBTITLE G - RURAL REVI-
gic community economic develop-
TALIZATION THROUGH FOR-
ment.
ESTRY
(c) Types of programs.-The
Secretary of Agriculture shall estab-
CHAPTER 1-FORESTRY RUR-
lish specific programs under subsec-
AL REVITALIZATION
tion (a) to-
(1) deliver educational services
Forestry Rural Revitalization
focused on community economic
(1088)
analysis, economic diversification,
(4) this lack of diversity is
economic impact analysis, retention
particularly serious in communities
and expansion of existing commodi-
whose economies are predominantly
ty and noncommodity industries,
dependent on timber and recreation
amenity resource and tourism devel-
resources and where management
opment, and entrepreneurship focus-
decisions made on the national
ing on forest lands and rural com-
forests by Federal and private orga-
munities;
nizations may disrupt the supply of
(2) use Cooperative Extension
those resources;
System databases and analytical
(5) the Forest Service has
tools to help communities diversify
expertise and resources that could
their economic bases, add value
be directed to promote moderniza-
locally to raw forest product materi-
tion and economic diversification of
als, and retain revenues by helping
existing industries and services
to develop local businesses and
based on forest resources;
industries to supply forest products
(6) the Forest Service has the
locally; and
technical expertise to provide lead-
(3) use the full resources of
ership, in cooperation with other
the Cooperative Extension Service,
governmental agencies and the
including land-grant universities and
private sector, to assist rural com-
county offices, to promote economic
munities dependent upon national
development that is sustainable and
forest resources to upgrade existing
environmentally sound. (7 U.S.C.
industries and diversify by develop-
6601)
ing new economic activity in non--
forest-related industries; and
CHAPTER 2-NATIONAL
(7) technical assistance, train-
FOREST-DEPENDENT RURAL
ing, education, and other assistance
COMMUNITIES
provided by the Department of
Agriculture can be targeted to pro-
Short Title
vide immediate help to those rural
communities in greatest need.
Sec. 2372. This chapter may be
(b) Purposes.-The purposes of
cited as the "National Forest-De-
this chapter are-
pendent Rural Communities Eco-
(1) to provide assistance to
nomic Diversification Act of 1990".
rural communities that are located in
(7 U.S.C. 6601(note))
or near national forests and that are
economically dependent upon forest
Findings and Purposes
resources or are likely to be eco-
nomically disadvantaged by Federal
Sec. 2373. (a) Findings.-The
or private sector land management
Congress finds that-
practices;
(1) the economic well-being of
(2) to aid in diversifying such
rural America is vital to our national
communities' economic bases; and
growth and prosperity;
(3) to improve the economic,
(2) the economic well-being of
social, and environmental well-being
many rural communities depends
of rural America. (7 U.S.C. 6611)
upon the goods and services that are
derived from national forests;
Definitions
(3) the economies of many of
these communities suffer from a
Sec. 2374. As used in this chap-
lack of industrial and business di-
ter:
versity;
(1089)
Act, during any continuous five-year
(e) Consistency with forest
period.
plans.-The implementation of ac-
(f) Approval.-After reviewing
tion plans shall be consistent with
requests under this section for finan-
land and resource management
cial and economic feasibility and
plans. (7 U.S.C. 6614)
viability, the Secretary shall approve
and implement in accordance with
Training and Education
section 2376 those action plans that
will achieve the purposes of this
Sec. 2377. (a) Programs.-In
chapter. (7 U.S.C. 6613)
furtherance of an action plan, the
Secretary may use the Extension
Action Plan Implementation
Service and other appropriate agen-
cies of the Department of Agricul-
Sec. 2376. (a) In general.-Ac-
ture to develop and conduct educa-
tion plans shall be implemented,
tion programs that assist businesses,
insofar as practicable, to upgrade
elected or appointed officials, and
existing industries to use forest
individuals in rural communities to
resources more efficiently and to
deal with the effects of a transition
expand the economic base of rural
from being economically disadvan-
communities so as to alleviate or
taged to economic diversification.
reduce their dependence on national
These programs may include-
forest resources.
(1) community economic anal-
(b) Assistance.-To implement
ysis and strategic planning;
action plans, the Secretary may
(2) methods for improving and
make grants and enter into coopera-
retooling enterprises now dependent
tive agreements and contracts to
on national forest resources;
provide necessary technical and
(3) methods for expanding
related assistance. Such grants,
enterprises and creating new eco-
cooperative agreements, and con-
nomic opportunities by emphasizing
tracts may be with the affected rural
economic opportunities in other
community, State and local govern-
industries or services not dependent
ments, universities, corporations,
on national forest resources; and
and other persons.
(4) assistance in the evaluation,
(c) Limitation.-The Federal con-
counseling, and enhancement of
tribution to the overall implementa-
vocational skills, training in basic
tion of an action plan shall not
and remedial literacy skills, assis-
exceed 80 percent of the total cost
tance in job seeking skills, and
of the plan, including administrative
training in starting or operating a
and other costs. In calculating the
business enterprise.
Federal contribution, the Secretary
(b) Existing educational and
shall take into account the fair mar-
training programs.-Insofar as prac-
ket value of equipment, personnel,
ticable, the Secretary shall use exist-
and services provided.
ing Federal, State, and private edu-
(d) Available authority.-The
cation resources in carrying out
Secretary may use the Secretary's
these programs. (7 U.S.C. 6615)
authority under the Cooperative For-
estry Assistance Act of 1978 (16
Loans to Economically Disadvan-
U.S.C. 2101 et seq.) and other Fed-
taged Rural Communities
eral, State, and local governmental
authorities in implementing action
Sec. 2378. (a) In general.-The
plans.
Secretary, under such terms and
(1091)
Public Lands and Environment Corps - Vermont and the Green
Mountain National Forest (Code 95ENF024)
Summary (need to be reduced to one page)
Environment - Restoration, maintenance, and management of national forest resources is the
primary need to be met by this program. Work will reduce backlog maintenance of recreation
facilities and trails. Site specific improvements will made to meet accessibility standards for
people with disabilities. Basic customer services in recreation areas, environmental education,
and recreation use ethics will be provided to national forest visitors. Wilderness management,
watershed improvements, fisheries and wildlife projects will be completed.
Public Safety - Public safety will take three tracks--improved conditions to recreation
infrastructure, trails, and campgrounds; increased presence in campgrounds and day use areas;
role modeling by camp staff and national forest employees to participants in work habits and
life skills.
Education - Participants will be provided with quality programs, exceptional team building,
leadership experience, and superb learning curriculum. Community education needs will be
met by outreach in outdoor education of national forest visitors. Half of the Corps members
will be able to use the leadership skills they have developed during the first nine months of the
program by actually leading their own crews during the summer months. These enrollees will
be interviewed, further trained and then given the responsibility of a leadership position.
Human Needs - Participants will learn to take personal responsibility for all their actions, in
whatever environment they are in. Experience shows us this is an important lesson young
people often have not learned. However, once understood and practiced, it becomes critical to
their success.
Program Design
A residential center will we established to complete high priority backlogged conservation
projects in the Green Mountain National Forest. Twenty Corps members will be housed for
nine months at the Brandon Training School in Brandon, Vermont, on the edge of the Green
Mountain National Forest. In the summer months, the Corps members will camp out at more
remote project sites. From June through August, 10 of the enrollees will transfer to the
Vermont Youth Conservation Corps' other programs to lead ten teams of teenagers (100
youths) in similar work.
Program Elements
Self confidence will be gained through experiences in working and learning in areas of
leadership, goal setting, teamwork, multicultural understanding, conflict resolution, work
habits, and a sense of accomplishment will also be gained from work and program completion.
Work experience will involve timber stand improvement, fisheries work, erosion control,
hiking trail stabilization, user information development, public project oversight research,
permit and project development. Additionally, participants may be involved in operation and
maintenance of recreation facilities and trails, customer services, wilderness management,
wildlife management, environmental education, and recreation conservation ethics. During the
coldest winter months, corps members
will be working with environmental education teachers in local schools,
project planning and design.
Recruitment Goals
The Vermont Youth Conservation Corps, the administering organization, received over 750
applications for 140 positions in their program in 1993. Expectations are that the number of
applicants will exceed 1000 in 1994. Applications for enrollment will come from across the
state of Vermont as well as from the national enrollment pool. An emphasis will be placed on
serving disadvantaged and "at-risk" youths. To help reach illiterate and rural audiences, the
local media have donated air-time. WCAX television and WNCS radio have donated nearly
$10,000 worth of recruitment announcements. To help increase enrollment from rural and
financially disadvantaged youth, Long Distance North has donated a 1-800 number. These
campaigns will reach illiterate and disadvantaged audiences that are traditionally difficult to
reach. Specifically, they will increase the demand for enrollment in the wilderness and other
residential programs. Crew diversity including social and economic factors are another goal
of recruitment and crew make-up.
The legal applicant is the Green Mountain National Forest, but camp operations will be
contracted with the Vermont Youth Conservation Corps (VYCC). VYCC will be the
administering organization. VYCC is a state-wide conservation, education and service
organization. They hire teams of teenagers who work and study under excellent adult
leadership to complete high priority conservation programs. An emphasis is placed on serving
disadvantaged and "at-risk" youths. The goal of VYCC is to provide every Vermont youth
with the opportunity to participate in their programs.
VYCC,s approach to education is an integrated cycle of reading, work, discussion, writing and
team building each day. Their curriculum, "WRD", is now a national model and is used in 15
other states. The Public Land and Environment Corps will become an important addition to
VYCC's programs.
Program Partners
In addition to VYCC administering the residential program, other organizations will be
involved in providing assistance in planning, coordination training, implementation and
monitoring of projects on the Forest. These program partners are:
Appalachian Trail Conference Green Mountain Club, Inc.
Vermont Association of Snow Travelers Catamount Trail Association Student
Conservation Association (SCA)
Vermont Wilderness Groups Vermont Horse Council
Vermont Trail Groups
The SCA will be able to provide seasonal resource naturalist assistants to act as crew leaders,
trainers or specialists for the other partner organizations. All partners will be involved in
planning project workloads and setting priorities, as well as monitoring project results and
quality control.
Other Work Partners - based on specific project needs including historic societies, trail
maintainer clubs, and others.
Needs To Be Met
This program is centered on meeting the national priority for natural environments.
Restoration, maintenance, and management of national forest resources is the primary need to
be met by this program. Work will reduce backlog maintenance of recreation facilities and
trails. Site specific improvements will made to meet accessibility standards for people with
disabilities. Basic customer services in recreation areas, environmental education, and
recreation use ethics will be provided to national forest visitors. Wilderness management,
watershed improvements, fisheries and wildlife projects will be completed.
Secondly, the national priority of Public safety will be met. This priority will be met by the
following activities: improving conditions to recreation infrastructure, trails, and campgrounds;
increasing presence in campgrounds and day use areas; role modeling by camp staff and
national forest employees to participants in work habits and life skills.
The national priorities of education and human needs will be met through program activities
and direct services to the participants. The program will provide mentors, tutors, and
education counselling for participants. Community education needs will be met by outreach in
environmental education and outdoor education of national forest visitors. Participants will
receive training and education in self esteem, leadership, and citizenship so that they know of
opportunities to break the cycle of public assistance.
Needs Identification. The primary program need of environment was identified through
ongoing monitoring of resource conditions on the Green Mountain National Forest. In
addition, the national forest works closely with other natural resource agencies and private
individuals in managing the natural and recreation resources and in identifying specific
environmental needs.
Monitoring efforts identify the condition of various resources and past national forest
accomplishments in producing a range of goods and services to the American public while
maintaining the integrity of the social and environmental ecosystems located on the Green
Mountain National Forest.
Projects have been identified that will have significant and measurable accomplishments in the
areas of recreation and trail backlog maintenance; demonstrated recreation operation shortfalls
in developed sites and back country areas; wilderness management; watershed improvements;
fisheries and wildlife habitat improvements; and visitor and community services.
(NEED MORE SPECIFICS ON CURRENT PROBLEMS IN THE FOREST)
Program Design
Concept Twenty Corps members will be housed for nine months at the Brandon Training
School in Brandon, Vermont, on the edge of the Green Mountain National Forest. In the
summer months, the Corps members will camp out at more remote project sites. Throughout
the year, participants will be provided with quality programs, exceptional team building,
leadership experience, and superb learning curriculum. They will gain self-confidence and a
sense of accomplishment while working on a variety of high priority resource improvement
projects.
From June through August, 10 of the enrollees will transfer to the Vermont Youth
Conservation Corps, other programs to lead ten teams of teenagers (100 youths) in similar
work. These Corps members will gain further leadership training and experience.
Service Activities
Recreation Facility Backlog - Restoration of recreation facilities in campgrounds and day use
sites - work would include grading and graveling of sites and pathways for resource protection
and to better meet accessibility standards; replacement of fire rings and construction of picnic
tables; and repair signs and restrooms. Project accomplishments would be the number of
individual sites to standard and accessibility.
Trail Backlog - Restoration and maintenance of trails - Work would include cleaning and
repairing of trail drainage structures; repairing trail treadway; building small bridges; clearing
down trees and trailside vegetation; repairing and replacing trail signs. Project
accomplishment would be the miles of trail to standard.
Recreation Operations and maintenance - Daily operations at campgrounds and day use areas -
Work would include making visitor contacts; and doing site cleaning and routine maintenance
to facilities. In addition to the daily operations at campgrounds, evening interpretative
activities could be provided at the campgrounds. Staff would also assist with visitor contact at
Forest Service offices. Project accomplishment would be the number of staff days provided
and recreation visitor days.
Wilderness Management - work would include wilderness trail maintenance, restoration of
dispersed user sites and making visitor contacts. Project accomplishment would be the miles
of trails to standards, dispersed users sites restored, and number of staff days provided.
Watershed Improvements - Work would include restoration of closed roads, seeding and
clearing of drainage structures; riparian revegetation. Project accomplishment would be the
acres of restorations.
Fisheries and Wildlife Habitat Improvements - Monitoring wildlife plots and participation in
collecting and identification of small mammals as an element of wildlife monitoring activities -
Work would include monitoring and maintenance and/or installation of instream fisheries
structures and stocking of juvenile Atlantic salmon in headwater streams. Project
accomplishment would be the number wildlife and fisheries sites monitored, acres of habitat
improved, and the number of acres of salmon stocked.
Visitor and Community Services - Visitor Contact Persons - During high visitor use months,
visitor contact persons would be placed at key dispersed recreation take-off points, such as
trailheads. Work would include providing information, education and interpretation to protect
the scenic beauty and integrity of a the Green Mountain National Forest, providing
information on low-impact camping and hiking, mountain safety and wilderness ethics.
Project accomplishment would be the number of individuals contacted.
Environmental Education and Interpretive Programs - Using "the forest as a classroom,"
participants would provide environmental education in coordination with Project Learning Tree
and other resource-based environmental education curricula to local elementary schools.
Project accomplishment would be the number of school students attending classes.
Relation to Need The projects were directly identified as backlog maintenance and
construction projects, unfulfilled Forest Plan accomplishment needs, and needs identified by
Forest Plan and project monitoring.
All of the crews will be residential. Youths will live, study, and work together for the entire
year. It will be an intense learning environment that requires respect, responsibility, and
maturity. Corps members will rise at 6:00 a.m. and be to bed at 10:00 p.m. There will be no
televisions or radios. Corps members will be personally responsible for cooking their meals
(as a large group), doing their own laundry, and cleaning their rooms.
(NEED TO QUANTIFY WORK IN HOURS AND AMOUNT??)
During the summer, participants will be stationed at remote sites near project location, called
"spike camps". This remote group living provides an immensely challenging environment rich
in learning opportunities. Participants will be force to deal with each other and the job at
hand. The opportunities for personal development are tremendous.
Each crew will have two laptop computers assigned to them. Daily communication with other
crews, weekly assignments, journals, payroll records and an array of administrative work will
be completed on these machines thus combining the latest technology with environment and
education.
Participant Training and Support The training and support needs of each individual will be met
through either classroom style teaching, work practium, and experience or direct services.
The program will provide mentors, tutors, and education counselling for participants. Each
day Corps members will participate in an integrated cycle of reading, work, discussion,
writing, and team building. This is VYCC's approach to education know as "WRD", which is
now a national model used on 15 other states.
Participants will be linked to existing components of other youth programs. They will be able
to utilize computers to stay in touch with other USDA crews such as the Anti-hunger and
Rural Development Crews.
Skills required to complete resource work will be taught by resource staff of the Green
Mountain National Forest, VYCC, SCA and other partners. This seasoned training staff will
conduct the training programs for the participants.
Staff will be hired to develop and manage both the work and education program. These staff
persons will come with much related experience and go through a proven and intensive
training program in preparation for the program. A program manager along with an
administrative coordinator will manage the numerous day to day details of the operation.
Finally, a part-time position will be hired to manage the fiscal responsibilities.
Participants Placement and Supervision Participants will work and study under excellent adult
leadership. All participants will be part of a crew. The crew leadership will be provided by
VYCC. Work supervision will be provided by VYCC or SCA with oversight and project
design, standards and accomplishment monitoring carried out by the national forest staff and
resource professionals.
Participant Profile and Recruitment Strategy
Twenty year-long participants will be selected from across the state of Vermont as well as
from the national enrollment pool. An emphasis will be placed on serving disadvantaged
and"at-risk" youths. (WRONG!!!!) Another key factor will be crew diversity. Crews should
include various gender, racial, ethnic, social and economic mixes. Local media and
communications companies have donated air-time and a 1-800 telephone number to enhance
the recruitment of illiterate, rural and financially disadvantaged youth. These audiences are
traditionally difficult to reach.
(NEED MORE SPECIFICS ON RECRUITMENT PARTNERS?)
Participant Benefits
Each participant will receive: Stipend
End of program scholarship Room and meals
Transportation to and from the work site. Safety equipment
(NEED MORE SPECIFICS ON WAYS IN WHICH PARTICIPANTS WILL BENEFIT?
EDUCATION PROGRAMS?)
Internal Evaluation and Monitoring Activities
The Vermont Youth Conservation Corps (VYCC) is a state-wide conservation, education and
service organization. They hire teams of teenagers who work and study under excellent adult
leadership to complete high priority conservation programs. An emphasis is placed on serving
disadvantaged and "at-risk" youths. The goal of VYCC is to provide every Vermont youth
with the opportunity to participate in their program.
VYCC has been recognized by numerous organizations, and has received the "Program of the
Year" and the "Take Pride" awards. VYCC's educational curriculum "WRD" is now a
national model and is used in 15 other states.
Institutional and Personnel Information
In addition to VYCC administering the residential program, other organizations will be
involved in providing assistance in planning, coordination , training, implementation and
monitoring of projects on the Forest. These program partners are:
Appalachian Trail Conference Green Mountain Club, Inc.
Vermont Association of Snow Travelers Catamount Trail Association Student
Conservation Association (SCA)
Vermont wilderness Groups Vermont Horse Council
Vermont Trail Groups
The SCA will be able to provide seasonal resource naturalist assistants to act as crew leaders,
trainers or specialists for the other partner organizations. All partners will be involved in
planning project workloads and setting priorities, as well as monitoring project results and
quality control.
NEW ENGLAND YOUTH FORREST CAMP (COMPUTER CODE 95ENF025)
(NEED SPECIFICS FROM SCA ON YEAR-LONG PROJECTS OR SITE WILL HAVE
TO BE DROPPED)
Program Summary (needs to be reduced to one page)
Environment - Restoration, maintenance, and management of national forest resources is the
primary need to be met by this program. Work will reduce backlog maintenance of recreation
facilities and trails. Site specific improvements will made to meet accessibility standards for
people with disabilities. Basic customer services in recreation areas, environmental education,
and recreation use ethics will be provided to national forest visitors. Wilderness management,
watershed improvements, fisheries and wildlife projects will be completed.
Program Design
Thirty-two participants will be headquartered at Bog Brook National Guard Camp. Residential
program is 25 weeks annually - March through August. August through March participants will
join other programs, such as Boston City Year to provide a year long program. Recruitment
of participants will be joint with the collaborating program to insure integration of crews.
Program Elements
1
Self confidence will be gained through experiences in working and learning in areas of
leadership, goal setting, teamwork, multicultural understanding, conflict resolution, work habits,
and a sense of accomplishment will also be gained from work and program completion. Work
experience will involve recreation facilities, trails, customer services, wilderness management,
watershed improvements, fisheries and wildlife management, environmental education, and
recreation conservation ethics.
Recruitment Goals
The program recruitment will strive to mirror the White Mountain National Forest multicultural
organization goals. Over the past 8 years, a statewide recruiting network, which includes among
other professionals, educators, administrators, guidance counselors, peer leadership, directors,
and law enforcement officials, has been established. Materials will be distributed to appropriate
youth by these individuals, as well as through all high schools and through an array of state and
community organizations such as DCYS, Boys and Girls Clubs, YMCA and YWCA, foster care,
court diversion programs, and welfare offices. Recruitment will be coordinated with
collaborating programs such as Boston City Year. In addition, recruitment materials will be
distributed to recipients of food stamps.
Administering Organization
The Student Conservation Association (SCA) is a national, non-profit organization dedicated to
2
the conservation of natural resources and the environmental education of youth. Since its
beginning in 1957, SCA has become a leader in providing opportunities for nearly 2,000 high
schools and college-aged young people annually from diverse socio-economic backgrounds.
SCA staff is well trained and is a very matched partner to meet gender and multicultural needs
stated in Americorps and Forest Service goals.
Program Partners
Student Conservation Association
National Forest Foundation
Maine National Guard
White Mountain National Forest
Other Work Partners - based on specific project needs including historic societies, trail
maintainer clubs, and others.
3
Program Narrative
This program is centered on meeting the national priority for natural environments. Restoration,
maintenance, and management of national forest resources is the primary need to be met by this
program. Work will reduce backlog maintenance of recreation facilities and trails. Site specific
improvements will made to meet accessibility standards for people with disabilities. Basic
customer services in recreation areas, environmental education, and recreation use ethics will
be provided to national forest visitors. Wilderness management, watershed improvements,
fisheries and wildlife projects will be completed.
Secondly, the national priority of public safety will be met. This priority will be met by the
following activities: improving conditions to recreation infrastructure, trails, and campgrounds;
increasing presence in campgrounds and day use areas; role modeling by camp staff and national
forest employees to participants in work habits and life skills.
The national priorities of education and human needs will be met through program activities and
direct services to the participants. The program will provide mentors, tutors, and education
counselling for participants. Community education needs will be met by outreach in
environmental education and outdoor education of national forest visitors. Participants will
receive training and education in self esteem and citizenship so that they know of opportunities
to break the cycle of public assistance.
4
Needs Identification The primary program need of environment was identified through the 1993
Land and Resource Management Plan Monitoring Report for the White Mountain National
Forest. This report was the most comprehensive monitoring that assesses the status of the 1986
Forest and Resource Management Plan. Development of the WMNF Forest Plan and review
of the 1993 Monitoring Report have involved local communities and national forest public. In
addition, the national forest works closely with other natural resource agencies and private
individuals in managing the natural and recreation resources identifying specific environmental
needs.
The report detailed the condition of various resources and past national forest accomplishments
in producing a range of goods and services to the American public while maintaining the
integrity of the social and environmental ecosystems located on the White Mountain National
Forest.
Projects have been identified that will have significant and measurable accomplishments in the
areas of recreation and trail backlog maintenance; demonstrated recreation operation shortfalls
in developed sites and back country areas; wilderness management; watershed improvements;
fisheries and wildlife habitat improvements; and visitor and community services.
Program Design
Concept Thirty-two participants will be headquartered at Bog Brook National Guard Camp.
5
On site program is 25 weeks annually - March through August. August through March
participants will join other programs, such as Boston City Year to provide a year long program.
Recruitment of participants will be joint with the collaborating program to insure integration of
crews.
The collaborative relationship with the Boston City Year program is a great enhance for the
program participants allowing the a variety of challenging service experience and personal
growth. The collaboration of program components allow for a year long program.
In designing and developing the New England Youth Forest Camp, we have carefully addressed
a number of essential components: Crew leadership, work projects, camp headquarters, field
camps, climatic conditions, environmental education, mentoring, tutoring, and individual
counselling, evaluation criteria teamwork and leadership.
Crew leaders will be chosen from a pool of highly qualified individuals in competitive
recruitment and interview process which ensures the safety and success of all education and field
programs. Prior to the start of the program, all crew leaders will be rigorously trained during
a 2-week program that includes certification in SOLO first aid, youth development, and
supervision, back country living, and wilderness work skills. In addition, crew leaders receive
training that allows them to manage safe and productive work crews as well as provide support
and comfort to youth. Special topics such as multicultural sensitivity training, conflict
resolution, team work, and leadership are given additional attention. Educational and vocational
counselling will be provided through cooperative agreement with community school and youth
6
supporting services.
Camp headquarters will be located at Bog Brook National Guard Camp facility. The camp
consist of eight barrack buildings, mess hall, laundry, and two training buildings. The
headquarters will be used for all group training and during cold weather.
Field camps will be located near the project work sites. The purpose of the field camps is
threefold: to provide project efficiency; to better facilitate team development; and to build the
confidence of the individuals as they develop and experience back county living conditions. A
natural outcome of field living is learning of lifelong skills in outdoor recreation in a safe
environment.
Participants will be linked to existing components of other youth programs. They will have
opportunities to participate in community service projects, educational field trips, college and
career workshops, and a variety of activities with mentors and professionals.
SCA will provide tracking to assess and evaluate the progress of participants from the program.
This tracking will be completed in three phases. First, these youths will be entered into the
alumni data bank and receive updates regarding SCA activities in their area. Second, the youths
will be surveyed within 2 months of completion of the program. The survey will focus on
changes in attitude, work habits, and general maturity, follow through on individual goals.
Finally, all participants will be involved in environmental activities, such as White Mountain
7