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PPF 9: Gifts - D
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350962929
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PPF 9: Gifts - D
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Papers as President, President's Personal File
President's Personal Files
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PPF 9
PRESIDENT'S PERSONAL FILE
Gifts D
Jan. -Feb. 1943
t
PPF900217
/PP7)
January 6, 1943
PP4
9-D Dr
Respectfully referred to the
x10
officials of the Department of Justice
for appropriate handling.
file date 1/6/43
M.H. McINTYRE
Secretary to the President
XPPF +
q-R
Letter to the President, undated, from
Roland E. De Barr,
42971 Marquette Prison,
Marquette, Michigan.
"I am hopeful this doily runner is suitable for White House
B
table.
"Mr. President, I believe I live in the greatest country on
this earth. I am proud I am an American in the U.S.A.
under old glory."
Sent Sently a by a
pl
x459
Prisoner
PPF
THE REAL ESTATE BOARD OF NEW YORK, INC.
New York, N.Y.
9-D
Ackd. Jan. 4, 1943
Sent copy of THE REAL ESTATE HOARD OF NEW YORK, INC., 1943 Diary and
Manual. Given to Miss Tully.
iok
SEE: PPF-9-R
KATLIN, Hon. Abraham,
P.PF.
Brooklyn, New York,
January 16, 1943 - (ackd. 1/20/43).
9-D
Letters to President, Miss LeHand, and Miss Tully, saying he left desk
flags at the White House, hoping they have received them. Also on 1/13/43, left
photo of President with request that he sign it for him. Miss Tully wrote to
Mr. Katlin on above date, stating that the flags were received and President sends
his thanks. She will see that the one left for Miss Lehand is given to her and has
given Mr. McIntyre and Miss Bachelder theirs. Miss Tully regrets that the President
is unable to comply with his request in autographing the picture. (Penciled
notation: - 3/18/43 - Unsigned phot returned to Mr. Katlin as per his request and
left flag for Mrs. Roosevelt. He called for the picture at the Gate.
See P.P.F. 9-K
fmf
HOFFENBERG, Nathan,
East Chicago, Ind.
1-23-43 (ack. 2-3-43)
Sends President a little hand-made doily, made by his late Mother and sent to him
from South Afrida in 1914. (storeroom)
See P.P.F.9-H
P.P.7
br
9-D
2
SALLIN, Bob
PPF-9-D
Pittsburgh, Pa.
Ackd. Jan. 1, 1943
Let. to the President, enclosing drawings; tells about buying War
Stamps.
SEE: PPF 9-S
ilo
PPJ-9-D
CATA, Eduardo M.
La Habana, Cuba
Dec. 11, 1942
Let. to the President, enclosing drawing of Mrs. Roosevelt to the
Pres. for a Christmas present.
Referred by memo, 1/4/43, to Hon. Summerlin for appropriate ackd.
SEE: PPF 9-0
ilo
PPJ-9-D
CUNNINGHAM, George W.
Concord, N.H.
Jan. 2, 1943
Let. to the President, enclosing drawing.
SEE: PPF 9-C
ilo
mcg
CALLAWAY, Cason J.
P.P.F.
9-D
Hamilton, Ga.
Dec. 25, 1942.
Wrote to the President saying that he was expressing to him
some Mallard ducks for New Year's. - - -The President wrote Mr. Callaway, Jan, 4,
1943 expressing his appreciation and thanks for the ducks and extending to
Mr. Callaway and Virginia, New Years greetings.
See - P.P.F. 1345
ROOSEVELT, Ruth Chandler
Ft. Worth, Texas,
Jan. 6, 1948.
The President wrote to his grandchild that some friend had sent him a little chain
and charm and that he was sending it to her Attached is a memo. to the President
from Miss Tully of Jan. 4th, asking the President if he wants to send this chain to
Ruth Chandler Roosevelt or to Sistie. Attached, also, is copy of a letter to Mr.
Thomas P. Doyle, Sacramento, Calif., dated Dec. 30th, from Mr. McIntyre saying it was
kind of him to send the President the chain and the two New Year Greetings Cards. Mr.
McIntyre conveyed the President's thanks There was a ten cent war stamp on each of
the two envelopes. Mr. McIntyre, by memo. of Jan. 1st, sent the two war stamps to the
Treasury.
SEE P.P.F. 4
AS
P.P.F.
9-D
pr.7. 9-8
THE WHITE HOUSE
WASHINGTON
January 7, 1943
10874-B the
MEMORANDUM FOR
THE STATE DEPARTMENT
x20
Attention: Mr. Summerlin
Would you be good enough
to handle this matter? I don't
think we want it.
GRACE G. TULLY
Private Secretary
Enclosures
Let to the P. 12/12/42 from Woldemar de
Barkow, 400 south Kingsley Drive, Los
Angeles, California enclosing photograph
of bronze portrait in high-relief of
the President. Wants to give it to him
if he would like to have it. Executited
by Ettore de Zoro for the knights and ladies
Military and hospitaller Order of Saint
of the Western Grand Priory of the Sovereigh
Lazarus of Jerusalem in commemoration of
President del Rio's visit to the U. S.
Carlos anongo X P.P A8138 -563-A- Ecquador
. oom
BREWSTER, Harry E.
San Francisco, Calif.
PP7-9-D
Dec. 18, 1942. Ackd. 1/7/43
Let. to the President, enclosing Victory Dolls - product of his
own handiwork. Offers to send some to Mrs. Roosevelt if she wishes to have
them.
SEE: PPF 9-B
ilo
1
7 PPF T
storecom
.
L
2012
FISHER, Roger H.,
Greenville, Va.
1-6-43 (ack.)
Sends a drawing to the President. (storeroom).
See P.P.F.9-F
br
P.P.7.
9-D
7
PPF
q.D
January 6, 1943
My dear Mr. Davenport:
The flowers to which you refer
in your letter of December twenty-first,
have been received. Please let me thank
you, in the President's behalf, for your
kind thought in sending them to him.
Y pp 1
q-F F
The suggestion which you make
regarding income tax payments is being
brought to the attention of the officials
of the Treasury Department.
Very sincerely yours,
Grace G. Tully
eb
Private Secretary
B
Homer Davenport, Esq.,
506 S. Third Street,
Laramie,
Wyoming.
TREASURY DEPARTMENT: Sends box of artificial roses to the President;
suggests income tax payments be made each pay
day.
Thank K
fend suggestan
T.A.
to Treasry
My dear Mr. Dawson:
The kind thought which prompted you
to send those items with your friendly note of
xpp7 x
9-A
December twentyefirst is appreciated. In the
President's behalf, I thank you and have pleas-
XPPF,
9-L
ure in reciprocating your good withes.
Very sincerely yours,
Grace G. Tully
Private Secretary
W. E. Dawson, Esq.,
Byromville, Box 126,
dd
Georgia.
I
7
Preea Perthu and
January 6, 1943
T.A.
9-D
My dear Mr. Dawson:
The kind thought which prompted you
to send those items with your friendly note of
xpp7 x
9-A
December twenty-first is appreciated. In the
President's behalf, I thank you and have pleas-
XPPF
9-L
ure in reciprocating your good wishes.
Very sincerely yours,
Grace G. Tully
Private Secretary
W. E. Dawson, Esq.,
dd
Byromville, Box 126,
Georgia.
uh
1/6/43
1,
dd,
Byromville, Georgia
11
December 21, 1942
Box 126
Hon. Franklin D. Roosevelt,
Washington, D. C.
Dear Mr. President;
In this sweet time of jubilee when att the world is gay,
I send to you my "Soul"and pray,
That in the years to you to come when lights and shadows fall,
You will think of me as one who gave to you his "All".
With very best wishes for you and yours,
I am your true loyal friend,
W.E.Dausm
W. E. Dawson
11
7
PPF
q-D
January 7, 1943
Storesom
My dear Mr. and Mrs. Devin:
XPP7 +
The President and Mrs. Roosevelt
q-m
have asked me to thank you and Mr. John
McAskill for your cards of greeting and for
the friendly thought which prompted you to
XPP7
9-P
send them the pillow and crocheted work.
They heartily reciprocate your good wishes.
X PP7 2
Very sincerely yours,
XPPF
9-C
Grace G. Tully
Private Secretary
Mr. and Mrs. Jas. Devin,
Lake Pleasant,
Massachusetts.
cap
CC - Mrs. Butturff
handwrchief for mo.R
1
2
43
Dear President
S,DD Isaid it hefore
2
Dear this. Rosevelh
B
Imisending
you a w lettle Inclory
As we pass through T cap the
handkerchief and an
gateway of the year
eggshell me also Neope
And life's road
you like them and
stretches away,
Let's leave the Old Year's
the pillowfor you both.
cares behind
Looking forward to
this. Elizabeth Devin.
each new day.
For Victory
vania Hospital,
Philadelphia,
Pennsylvania.
dd
Devin
Leske
43
***
it
ell
The DAYS AHEAD
,
vania Hospital,
Philadelphia,
Pennsylvania.
dd
1
43
Dear President
Isaid ut hefore
I'll say it again:
your the Greatest
May you beqin each
day with a song,
Gift God everyone
Welcome each hour
with a smile,
the Nations and its
May there be gladness
god Bless you People s Hipe c/
for every week
And pleasures
for every mile.
Family,
vania Hospital,
Philadelphia,
Pennsylvania.
dd
M.Skake Mrs
1
43
Presidents.D. Rosevelt.
As the
YEARFLIES
vania Hospital,
Philadelpina,
Pennsylvania.
dd
43
FOR THE NICEST PLACE
TO SPEND THEM
IS HERE IN OUR
ghth
in
X pp7
Ln
9-P
eply
ipted
it
vania Hospital,
Philadelphia,
Pennsylvania.
dd
N
43
YOU SHOULD HAVE A
merry
Christmas
ghth
in
X PP7
*
AND A
in
9-P
eply
new year
4
pted
it
HAPPY
PPY
AND GAY
00
T1763
U.S.A.
vania Hospital,
Philadelphia,
Pennsylvania.
dd
"
et
thr Leake this
Jasunt Devin Missi
2
The very merriest
43
Christmas
In the whole of the
U.S.A.
And freedom to enjoy
ghth
The coming
in
Year
X PP7
n
9-P
in every way
eply
ted
7.
drace U. Jully
Private Secretary
x
Francis K. Delp, Esq.,
University of Pennsylvania Hospital,
Philadelphia,
Pennsylvania.
dd
Christmas
Greetings
rrivate Secretary
Francis K. Delp, Esq.,
University of Pennsylvania Hospital,
Philadelphia,
Pennsylvania.
dd
888
yn.5 John Lake
this Jase thas
PP7D
January 5, 1943
My dear Mr. Delp:
Your letter of December twenty-eighth
has been received and I want to thank you, in
X pp7
the President's behalf, for your kindness in
9-P
sending him the picture you mention. He deeply
appreciates the friendly thought which prompted
this presentation as well as the loyal spirit
which your letter evidences,
Very sincerely yours,
Grace G. Tully
Private Secretary
Francis K. Delp, Esq.,
University of Pennsylvania Hospital,
Philadelphia,
dd
Pennsylvania.
Thank
University of Pennsylvania Hospital,
ach
Francis K. Delp, Photographer.
1/5/13
id
Philadelphia, Pa. Dec. 28th, I942.
The President,
Washington, D.C.
Dear Mr. President:
About twenty-five years ago I photographed a reproduction of
an oil painting of the LIBERTY BELL, which I believe is the most revered
relic of our beloved country.
Every year since then I have presented a copy of this photograph
to numerous friends and acquaintances, and they have all praised it SO
highly, that I thought you would like to have one, SO I am sending you
a copy under separate cover, which I hope will reach you in good order.
At the same time I am sending a copy to the Governors of the Thirteen
Original Colonies.
With a sincere wish that the tolling of this bell might
soon be heard throughout the entire world, I am Mr. President
Yours sincerely,
Francis Malb
Letter of acknowledgment 1/12/43 to
Miss Irma V. Dudacs,
821 North 19th Street,
St. Louis,
Missouri.
dd
ary 12, 1943
T.a.
My dear Miss Dudacs:
Permit me to thank you, in the Presi-
P.P.7.
dent's behalf, for your kindness in sending him
the religious calendar. I can assure you that
q.D
I'
he much appreciates your friendly thought.
Very sincerely yours,
tert,
q-c
V
Grace 0. Tully
Private Secretary
X
Miss Irma V. Dudacs,
821 North 19th Street,
St. Louis,
dd
Missouri.
January 12, 1943
T.a.
My dear Miss Dudacs:
Permit me to thank you, in the Presi-
P.P.7.
dent's behalf, for your kindness in sending him
the religious calendar. I can assure you that
9.D
he much appreciates your friendly thought.
Very sincerely yours,
I'
tert,
q-c
V
Grace 0. Tully
Private Secretary
X
Miss Irma V. Dudacs,
821 North 19th Street,
St. Louis,
dd
Missouri.
et
1/2
I'
P PP7 P7 7
R P - 6 6
12/6/42. Sends pencil sketch of the
e nd, last May, to shorten time while recovering PP7 9-D
to the
the President
etch. It is a picture he saw in a newspaper
is: Trusts President will like this sketch.
2073 Osler St., Regina, Sask., Canada.
ary 16, 1943.
ention.
CINTYRE
ted
UNITED STA POSTAGE
INITED
From Ima.V. Dirdacs
UNITED
STATES
STATES
POSTAGE
POSTAGE
821 N. the st.
AMEXICLO
st. louis Reg mo. 10
10 CENTS 10
20 CENTS 20
vuro
REGISTERED
1942 mrs. who D. Roosevelt S.
Inc. 189216
The president of the u. A
REGISTER
washington CEAINT
INSTRUCTS
REGIOTE
BETURN RECEIPT
REBISTERED 1942 DEC LOUIS
COW
mcb
January 16, 1943.
PP7
9-D
Respectfully referred to the
Department of State for attention.
M. H. MCINTYRE
Secretary to the President
X
I'
B64204. L/Cpl; Ben Doerksen,
A. Wing, #3 C.D.I.R.U.,
Canadian Army Overseas.
Letter to the President, dated 12/6/42. Sends pencil sketch of the
PP7
President which he made last May, to shorten time while recovering 9-D
in a hospital in England. It is a picture he saw in a newspaper
1/4 the size of his sketch. Trusts President will like this sketch.
Writer's home address is: 2073 Osler St., Regina, Sask., Canada.
meb
January 16, 1943.
PP7.
9.D
Respectfully referred to the
Department of State for attention.
M. 11. MeINTYRE
I'
Secretary to the President
B64204, L/Cpl; Ben Doerksen,
A. Wing, #3 C.D.I.R.U.,
Canadian Army Overseas.
drawingx
Letter to the President, dated 12/6/42. Sends pencil sketch of the
President which he made last May, to shorten time while recovering
in a hospital in England. It is a picture he saw in a newspaper
1/4 the size of his sketch. Trusts President will like this sketch.
Writer's home address is: 2073 Osler St., Regina, Sask., Canada.
ROYALL, J.B.,
United States Marshal,
Northern District of Florida,
Pensacola, Fla.
12-22-42 (ack. 1-18-43)
Writes he is figuring on sending the President a couple dozen quail.
Writes Mr. Simmons he will get in touch with him, so he can deliver them to the
President. Miss Grace Tully on 1-18-43 wrote to Mr. Royall, thanking him for
sending the President gift of the quail and deer meat through Mr. Simmons.
See P.P.F.9-R
P.P.7.
I'
9-D
br
7
ppt q.D
January 20, 1943
Stormoom
My dear Mrs. Daniels:
All that you say in your letter of
recent date has been noted with interest and
I want to thank you on behalf of the President
and Mrs. Roosevelt for your kindness in send-
ing them those miniature figures, products
of your own handiwork. They are deeply grate-
ful for the friendly thought which prompted
this presentation.
I'
XP.P7
9-m
You may be assured that the pride
with which you refer to your son and husband
and their service in the armed forces of our
country is well understood by the President
r
and Mrs. Roosevelt.
Very sincerely yours,
on
r
Grace G. Tully
Private Secretary
X
Mrs. Maxine Carla Daniels,
ail.
913 North Tenth Street,
Apartment 106,
B
sk
Milwaukee,
Wisconsin.
pl
ing
cc: Mrs. Butturff.
can
S
work-
as
ed LOVELY out so well. In creating her miniature I followed as near as I could figure
gown
NUV
t
out and with the description given in Life Magazine. Her little gown is rose-
white satin, bodice is quilted and beaded in tiny seed pearls as are her sleev-
es. From the V neck in back is gracefully draped her Court Train. In her right
hand she carries a beaded evening bag and long white kid gloves, rings on two
of her fingers. At Mrs. Roosevelt's left is an ivory chair upholstered in
Very respectfully and sincerely,
(mo.)maxine barla Daniels
Mrs. Maxine Carla Daniels,
913 - North Tenth Street,
Milwaukee,
Wisconsin.
Apt. 106.
Milwaukee Wisconsin,
December 17th. 1942.
ackd
To the Personal Secretary of
1/20/43
the President of the United States,
Franklin Delano Roosevelt and
Mrs. Eleanor Roosevelt.
To Whom it may concern:
DEG 211942
At a time like this, when packages and mail is so heavy and great numbers of
articles are being delivered to the White House I felt it much better that
I write you giving you information and details regarding gifts I created for
the President and Mrs. Roosevelt.
My line of endeavor has mostly always been Art work and for the past eight
years have done quite a bit of work in the miniature figure line. Have made
over one hundred figures which are about eleven inches tall, cast of plaster,
hand carved and then authentically dressed. My work has been on exhibit in
Art Institutes, Department Stores, here and in New York City, Rockefeller
Center, Radio City, and been viewed and photographed by National Geographic
Society in Washington. My exhibit was shown with special permission of Nation-
al Geographic Society as all of my data and copywork was attained from their
books.
In Life Magazine, taken on President Roosevelt's 60th. Birthday, there was
a fine photograph of our President. In another issue was a most beautiful
picture of Mrs. Roosevelt in her third Inaugural gown. Both of these photos
we so grand that it inspired me to make them in miniature and present them
as Christmas gifts.
These miniature figures are copied as near likeness as possible in all detail.
President Roosevelt is seated at his desk that is a replica of a modern desk
and in a swivel chair. His suit is dark blue pin-stripe, white shirt, navy
and white striped tie. In his pocket is a tiny hankie and in his lapel he
wears the minute pin representing the Infantile Paralysis Foundation. Resting
with ease are his hands on the desk and on the left hand little finger he
wears his onyx ring. On the desk pad are his two pencils and paper pad. He
also has on his glasses. To the right back is a standard bearing our American
Flag. The mounting is maroon velvet.
Had in mind to write in for a more detailed description of Mrs. Roosevelt's
lovely gown but as I wanted this as a surprise for her it would not have work-
ed out so well. In creating her miniature I followed as near as I could figure
out and with the description given in Life Magazine. Her little gown is rose-
white satin, bodice is quilted and beaded in tiny seed pearls as are her sleev-
es. From the V neck in back is gracefully draped her Court Train. In her right
hand she carries a beaded evening bag and long white kid gloves, rings on two
of her fingers. At Mrs. Roosevelt's left is an ivory chair upholstered in
Very respectfully and sincerely,
(mo.)maxine Carla Daniels
Mrs. Maxine Carla Daniels,
913 - North Tenth Street,
Milwaukee,
Wisconsin.
Apt. 106.
(2)
Garnet colored plush. Her left hand rests on the back of this chair and on
her wrist she has a tiny watch and her Wedding ring on her finger. The skirt
of her gown drapes and folds gracefully to the floor. Around her neck is a
chain with settings. The mounting base is Azure Blue velvet.
These two figures have been down to the Railway Express Company's office here
and viewed and advise given on packing and shipping. They are packed in corr-
ugated paper cartons and then placed in wood boxes. Directions for opening
are on outside. Am taking them down to the Express Company to-day for ship-
ment to the White-House and they are going to give them "Special" handling
all the way down. Mr. Froelich, one of the head men of the Company is giving
them personal attention.
Felt it the better thing to do that I inform you so that you would know what
the contents are and also how to handle them. They are very fragile but have
given the packing a great deal of care and they should arrive without any
breakage.
It would please me very much if there would be a possiblity of the President
and Mrs. Roosevelt opening the boxes themselves. They can be removed from the
wooden boxes and then all that need be done would be the cutting of the bows
that tie shut the door on the paper cartons. It is something that I am pretty
sure they will not receive in a gift, something that I am sure to they will
enjoy. Would you please favor me with your personal attention to these two
boxes when they arrive and could it be -- "Do not open until Christmas"?
Am working on another unit of figures now and am going to represent all the
Countries in the World and all the principle Islands. After completion of same
am again going to use it for exhibition and lecture work. It will not only be
something beautiful and interesting to look at but I intend to work out a lect-
ure whereby I intend to acquaint the people with the modes and life of Natives
and Peasants of all Countries a nd instil in the hearts of people love and
closer relationship along with everlasting Peace and Democracy as set down by
our great and beloved President, Franklin Delano Roosevelt.
My husband enlisted with the feeling and spirit that there was better reason
to go out and fight for what we have and hold then to try and create more and
not be able to keep it. He is somewhere over-seas now but I do not know where.
My son, twenty-three, is a Turret Gunner on a Flying Fortress and Mr. Daniels
is Corporal with an Ordnance Regiment on maintainence of Mobile Equipment,
Communications, Camouflage and Engineers. It's been sometime since I have heard
from my son, but I trust in God and that when their duties are done that they
shall both return to me safely. God knows I love them dearly.
Please let me thank you for your time given in reading this lengthy letter and
trust that these tokens to the President and Mrs. Roosevelt will be enjoyed.
May I extend to you my wishes for very pleasant and enjoyable Holidays and
may God bestow his Blessings upon all.
With hopes that these figures arrive in perfect condition and thanking you
again, I am
Very respectfully and sincerely,
(mrs.) mayine barla Daniels
Mrs. Maxine Carla Daniels,
913 - North Tenth Street,
Milwaukee,
Wisconsin.
Apt. 106.
ADDRESS OFFICIAL COMMUNICATIONS TO
THE SECRETARY OF STATE
WASHINGTON, D. c.
DEPARTMENT OF STATE
WASHINGTON
P.Pt
q-8
In reply refer to
PR 811.001 Roosevelt, F.D./8444
January 21. 1943
My dear Miss Tully:
I am enclosing herewith a copy of a despatch dated
December 26, 1942 from the American Embassy at Buenos
x866-a a
Aires, together with an autographed copy of a book
entitled Hacia un Mundo Nuevo which the author, Bishop
that q-B
Miguel de Andrea, desires to present to the President.
The American Embassy at Buenos Aires has been
requested to convey to Bishop de Andrea an expression
of the President's thanks and appreciation.
Sincerely yours,
X 20
Chief of Protocol
Enclosures:
1. From Embassy, Buenos Aires,
no. 7905, December 26, 1942.
2. Book.
Miss Grace G. Tully,
FORVICTORY
The White House.
BUY
UNITED
STATES
DEFENSE
BONDS
AND
STAMPS
(COPY:PR:FB)
study
EMBASSY OF THE
UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
Buenos Aires, Argentina, December 26, 1942.
No. 7905
Subject: TRANSMITTING COPIES OF BISHOP DE ANDREA'S
DISCURSOS FOR PRESIDENT ROOSEVELT AND
MR. SUMNER WELLES
The Honorable
The Secretary of State,
Washington.
Sir:
I have the honor to transmit herewith autographed
copies of Bishop Miguel DE ANDREA'S book, "Hacia un
Mundo Nuevo", addressed to President Franklin D.
Roosevelt and to Under Secretary of State Sumner Welles,
with the request that within the discretion of the
Department they be delivered to their destination.
Respectfully yours,
For the Ambassador:
EDWARD L. REED
Counselor of Embassy
Enclosures: As stated
Benger
333 Fourth
Des Soria, the Y.
by
PP.7
q-w
January 22, 1943
My dear Mr. Denby:
Permit me to make this belated
acknowledgment of the copy of LINCOLNIANA,
x169
to which you refer in your letter of
xpet X
9.18
December twenty-fourth. The President
wants you to know that he appreciates your
kind thought in presenting the book to him
and that he is deeply grateful for your
friendly good wishes.
Very sincerely yours,
Grace G. Tully
eb
Private Secretary
X
Edwin Hooper Denby, Esq.,
333 Fourth Avenue,
New York, N. Y.
Edwin Hooper Denby
EDWIN H. DENBY
ARCHITECT
S. E.CORNER OF 25TH STREET
333 FOURTH AVENUE
PHONE GRAMERCY 5-5257
NEW YORK
DEC
RECEIVED AM 2
THE WHITE 8 HOUSE 56
December 24th, 1942
The President
Washington. D.C.
Dear Mr. President :-
I am sending you by separate mail a complimentary copy of
the "Lincolniana", in which I hope you will find some interesting
matter presented in a new form. I recommend particularly the pages
in French and the English translation of Victor Hugo. His writings
on Napoleon the first undoubtedly have a certain analogy with what
is going on today in Europe.
This book is the small edition. I have a very large one
which I think will be of value to you in your library at Hyde Park :
there are fewer pages but the printing is done in very large type;
it will be sent some time next week.
With both of these go my very best wishes to you for good
luck in the happy prosecution of this war under your splendid leader-
ship.
With my sincere compliments
Faithfully yours,
Edwin Hooper Denby
OF
given to They
HE ASSISTANT TO THE
ATTORNEY GENERAL
1963
₹
January 20, 1943
P.P.7. q-D
Dear Mr. De Barr: The
The President has asked me
to thank you for sending to him the doily
runner. He knows you must have put &
great deal of time and effort into it and
appreciates your thinking of him.
Very sincerely,
Grace 0. Tully
Private Secretary
Mr. Roland E. De Barr
42971 Marquette Prison
Marquette, Michigan
ier.
aiki
OFFICE OF
THE ASSISTANT TO THE
ATTORNEY GENERAL
DEPART QUI MENT OF BROUTH JUSTIC
given to
Then
4 Rooselt.
Old
DOMINA * JUSTITIA
January 20, 1943
Pi
MEMORANDUM FOR GRACE tully.
Dear Grace:
6 Air:
The other day Tom Quinn, The
Administrative Assistant to the Attorney
I am
General, brought up to me the attached
package which contains a present for the
/
number is
President from a State prisoner. The
usual custom is for the Department of Justice
lite Hance table.
to say the President gets so many gifts he
cannot accept them and, therefore, the De-
X: I believe g
partment is returning it. Tom Quinn said
the girls who handled this work had looked
at it and noticed how much time and effort
this man had put into it for the President.
est country on
They felt the usual answer would probably
break his heart.
ian in the
am proud
I am inclined to agree with them.
For that reason I am sending a reply to him
for your signature which you may or may
not wish to use. I frankly think the runner
ed glary 1/12/43-92. ack.
is terrible but the prisoner must have
thought it was lovely.
I don't like to bother you about
such trivia but it will probably make him
E. DEBarr.
feel pretty good, if you care to go along
on it. I would if I were you.
James I Rowe, Jr.
Marquette, Krison,
the Michigan
er
A
NOTICE
PLEASE DO NOT
REMOVE THIS SLIP
100-2-23
V, Rooselt.
FROM THE ATTACHED
DEPARTMENT
CORRESPONDENCE
JAN 8 1943
SINCE IT IS A
PERMANENT PART
DIVISION OF BE
C.
OF THE RECORD.
Correspondence Section
DIVISION OF COMMUNI-
CATIONS AND RECORDS
ECORD
P.R.6 Air:
I am
officials of the Department of Justice
/
number is
for appropriate handling.
lite Hance table.
X; I belive I
M.H. McINTYRE est country on
Secretary to the President
ian in the
am proud
ed glory. 1/12/43-92, ack.
E. DEBarr.
Marquette, Krison,
the Michigan
er.
OR MEMO
aits
TO DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE.
(From Roland E. De Barr,
N. Rooselt.
42971 Marquette Prison,
Marquette, Michigan)
e
Air:
Respectfully referred to the
officials of the Department of Justice
I am
for appropriate handling.
number is
lite Hance table.
X: I believe I
M.H. MCINTYRE est country on
Secretary to the President
can in the
am proud
ed glory. 1/12/43-92. ack.
E. DE Barr.
Marquette, Krison,
the Michigan
aihd
THE WHITE house
washington
N. Rooreelt.
January 6, 1943
C.
Air:
Respectfully referred to the
officials of the Department of Justice
I am
for appropriate handling.
number is
lite Hance table.
X: I believe I
M.H. McINTYRE est country on
Secretary to the President
can in the
am proud
ed glory. 1/12/43-93. ack.
E. DEBarr.
Marquette, Brison,
the Michigan
Thank + return
aird
President: mr. Rooselt.
White House,
Washington D.C.
Air:
hopeful this daily number I am is
suitable for White Hance table.
Mr. President: I believe I
live in the greatest country on
I am an american in the
this earth I am proud
N.S.A. under old glory. 1/12/43-92. ack.
Goland DEBarr.
42971 Marquette, Krison,
Marguette Michigan
P.P.7,
DILLON, Michael Aug President,
TAYLOR-FRIEDSAM Company, Inc.,
9-D
New York, N.Y.,
-
a 10/3 - (ackd. 2/3/43).
OGLETREE, Julia Mae
PP7
Birmingham, Alabama
January 25, 1943
9-D
Letter to the President, enclosing 10¢ for IPF and a drawing of a plane.
Also wishes the President a happy birthday.
SEE - PPF 310 "0"
vsr
P.P.7,
DILLON, Michael Aug President,
TAYLOR-FRIEDSAM Company, Inc.,
9-D
New York, N.Y.,
January 8, 1943 - (ackd. 2/3/43).
Lot. to President, sending him a few yards of ribbon, they have made
embodying the courageous phrase made by him in his address at the opening of the
new 78th United States Congress.--Pibbon given to Mss Tully.
See P.P.F. 9-2
fmf
di
Attorney or Agent of Carrier.
January 27, 1943
p.r.7.
q-D
My dear Mrs. Dokus:
It was good of you to let the
President see that photostatic copy of the
br
picture you painted of him and, in his
behalf, I thank you for the generous offer
XPP79-6
you make in your friendly letter of January
eleventh.
While the President deeply appre-
ciates your thoughtful gesture, he does not
feel that he should accept the painting which
has required so many hours of your painstaking
labor. And, in any event, his collection of
pictures and portraits of various kind has
grown so large that he simply does not have
room for any more.
Please be assured that the President
is grateful, too, for your hearty birthday
greetings.
Very sincerely yours,
Grace G. Tully
eb
Private Secretary
X
Mrs. Juvet Dokus,
15 Niagara Street,
Newark,
New Jersey.
Attorney or Agent of Carrier.
IS
Reg type 15 hiagars St
11
newark, n.J.
Jan 11-43
President Franklin D. Roosevelt
Washington, D.C.
Dear Mr. President,
I have just completed
a painting of you from
which I am inclosing this
photostat copy.
I painted it from one
of your pictures that appeared
on the eover of the new york
daily news nov, 6th 1940.
of you like this painting
I shall be honored if
you will accept it as a
birthday present.
Wishing you many
happy returns of the day,
and also as president.
Inro. Junet Dokus,
artist.
S
COVE JUCTD okus okus
1942
Nov
BREWSTER, Harry E.,
San Francisco, Calif.
1-27-43 (ack.)
Sends some "Victory Dolls" to the President.
See P.P.F.9-B
GPF
br
9-D
IVI
Attorney or Agent of Carrier.
January 27, 1943
plt
My dear Mr. Dovel:
Your letter of December twenty-first
has been received and noted with 8 great deal
of interest. It was kind indeed of you to
XPP.7
send those souvenir bookends to the President.
9-B
He has asked me to convey his hearty thanks and
to tell you how much he appreciates the friendly
thought which prompted this presentation.
Very sincerely yours,
1 bookends
not run-
Grace G. Tully
Private Secretary
John A. Dovel, Sr., Esq.,
Box 203,
Margarita,
pl
Canal Zone, C. A.
Attorney or Agent of Carrier.
12
within
arrange he pay the
December 21, 1942.
Charges on the book ends
and
t have the sender ack Marckal
1/27/43
for Uu when Paid received may
cernational Air
pl
336927) a pair
/
gament vita
V express
3,00
est known wood and
1.00 - duty - 33'3%
It is used for
marines and many of
1112 - efferess charges
.30 - storage
original road bed of
I dug up on the beach
shington, New Cristobal.
of bookends and pre-
sonally presented one
f the Canal Zone, and
od neighbor jesture,
air of such bookends
favors, an not run-
rom any officer.
However, if there is a law that you cannot accept such
a gift, and want them, you may send me a dollar signed
war stamp as full payment.
With the Seasons Greetings, I remain
Respectfully John Dovel yours, Sr
P.S. I am a native of Virginia and was raised in marlys
ville, twelve miles north of Charlottesville.
Box 203
Margarita, Canal Zone, C.A.
Attorney or Agent of Carrier.
a, Devol Si.
12
Canal zone C, a,
Box 203, margarita,
December 21, 1942.
Book ends, - made
achd
from original rail and
1/27/43
the of the Panama P.OR,
ternational Air
pl
$3.00 Value
used from 1855-1855
336927) a pair
gament vita
/
lest known wood and
1112 - efferess charges
1.00 - duty - 33'3%
It is used for
marines and many of
.30 - storage
original road bed of
I dug up on the beach
shington, New Cristobal.
of bookends and pre-
sonally presented one
f the Canal Zone, and
od neighbor jesture,
air of such bookends
favors, an not run-
rom any officer.
However, if there is a law that you cannot accept such
a gift, and want them, you may send me a dollar signed
war stamp as full payment.
With the Seasons Greetings, I remain
Respectfully John Dovel yours, Sr
P.S. I am a native of Virginia and was raised in marlys
ville, twelve miles north of Charlottesville.
Box 203
Margarita, Canal Zone, C.A.
12
December 21, 1942.
The President
The White House
achd
Washington, D.C.
Dear Mr. President:
1/27/43
I sent you via Pan American International Air
pl
Express service (bill of lading B-336927) a pair
of book ends, made out of an old ligament vita
/
railroad cross tie.
Ligament vita wood is the hardest known wood and
the most dense, sinking in water. It is used for
stern propellor bearings on our submarines and many of
our larger ships.
I dug up this tie out of the original road bed of
the Panama Railroad; and the rail, I dug up on the beach
of Limon Bay, east of the Hotel Washington, New Cristobal.
I have made a number of sets of bookends and pre-
sented them to my friends. I personally presented one
pair to Governor Glen E. Edgertonof the Canal Zone, and
one to Pres. De la Guardia as a good neighbor jesture,
of which he was very proud.
Now allow me to offer you a pair of such bookends
as free and accepted. I expect no favors, an not run-
ning for office nor running away from any officer.
However, if there is a law that you cannot accept such
a gift, and want them, you may send me a dollar signed
war stamp as full payment.
With the Seasons Greetings, I remain
Respectfully yours,
John A. Dovel Sr
P.S. I am a native of Virginia and was raised in marlys
ville, twelve miles north of Charlottesville.
Box 203
Margarita, Canal Zone, C.A.
18
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TMENT
TRANSPORTATION ENTRY AND MANIFEST OF
.48
942
GOODS SUBJECT TO CUSTOMS INSPECTION
Entry No ITM 2611 A
AND PERMIT
Entry No
Class of Entry - I.T.
UNITED STATES CUSTOMS SERVICE MAN
(I.T.) (Wd.T.) (Wd.Ex.) (T.E.) (Drawback, etc.)
Port
District No.
18
Date
Port of
Miami, Fla.
Date Dec. 22 1942
Entered by
Air Express International Agency, Inc.
to be shipped
in bond via
Railway Express Agency, Inc.
consigned to
(C. H. L. number)
(Vessel or carrier)
(Car number and initial)
(Pier or station)
Collector of customs at Washington, D. C.
Final foreign destination
(For exportations only)
Consignee The President of th4 United States of America, Washington, D.C.
(At customs port of exit or destination)
Foreign port of lading
B/L No.
Date of sailing
(Above information to be furnished only when merchandise is imported by vessel)
Imported on the Airplane N.C.# 19902 Flag-American-on Dec. 22 1942
via
Balboa
(Name of vessel or carrier and motive power)
(Date imported)
(Last foreign port)
Exported from
Cristobal
on Dec. 19 1942 Goods now at Pan American Express Dept.
(Country)
(Date)
(Name of warehouse, station, pier, etc.)
DESCRIPTION AND QUANTITY OF MERCHANDISE
GROSS WEIGHT
VALUE
MARKS AND NUMBERS
NUMBER AND KIND OF PACKAGES
IN POUNDS
RATE
DUTY
OF PACKAGES
(See Note 1)
(Dollars only)
(Describe fully as per shipping papers)
Addressed
AWB #
B 336927
One Pkg: Said to Contain:
Book ends
9 lbs.
$15.00
UNKNOWN
NOTE 1-Also state cubic feet if freight is based on space tonnage. G.O. No.
I truly declare that the statements contained herein are true and correct to the
best of my knowledge and belief.
To COLLECTOR: I certify that the above-described goods were laden as stated
Air Express International Agency, Inc.
Entered by
above, sealed with customs seals Nos
(for signature) Charles Prchal, Atty.
Declared to under oath before me on Dee. 32 1942
(Date)
that the packages (were) Tagged, that the goods agreed with the manifest and were
in apparent good order except as noted.
Customs employee designated to
Short or over from importing vessel or carrier.
administer oaths, Sec. 486, Tarrif Act, 1930
(Title or designation)
To the Inspector or Storekeeper: The above-described goods shall be disposed
of as specified herein.
For the Collector.
RECEIVED from the collector of customs of above district the merchandise des-
cribed in this manifest for transportation and delivery into the custody of the customs
officers at the port named above, all packages in apparent good order except as noted
Dec Date
hereon.
Railway Express Agency, Inc.
Inspector or Storekeeper.
Attorney or Agent of Carrier.
INSTRUCTIONS
AS form will be used as a combined entry or withdrawal and manifest for any merchandise transported in bond in the United States or exported
soms custody.
fr(2) Three copies will be required as a manifest in all cases for each lot or consignment, or for each vessel or vehicle (car, barge, truck, etc.), if
nore than one is used; and when the merchandise is to be transshipped en route, one additional copy will be required for each transshipment. If
one copy is lost, or can not be produced, a copy may be made from whichever manifest is available.
(3) One copy of the manifest must accompany the vessel or vehicle and be delivered to the collector at destination for his record; another copy
must be mailed immediately to the collector at destination, and when the goods are received at customs destination this copy, properly endorsed
to show the arrival of the merchandise or its exportation or delivery into customs custody, as the case may be, will be forwarded to the comptroller
of customs in whose district the port of origin is located, to be by him duly noted and forwarded to the collector at the port of origin; and the third
copy will be retained as a record at the port of origin. When transshipment is involved, a copy of the manifest, prepared by the carrier, must be
certified and mailed by the customs lading officer to the customs officer at each place of transshipment, to be retained by him as a record of his action.
(4) IF THE GOODS ARE DELIVERED WITHOUT CUSTOMS AUTHORIZATION, THE CARRIER IS LIABLE TO A FINE.
(5) Consult customs officer or Chapter XVI of the Customs Regulations of 1937 for the appropriate number of copies required for entry purposes.
(6) As the form is the same whether used as an entry or withdrawal or manifest, all copies may be prepared at the same time by the carbon
process, unless more than one vessel or vehicle is used, in which case a separate set of manifests must be prepared for each such vessel or vehicle.
(7) Whenever this form is used as an entry or withdrawal, care should be taken that the kind of entry is plainly shown in the block in the upper
right-hand corner of the face of the entry.
(8) This form may be printed by private parties provided it conforms to official form in size, wording, color, and arrangement. For sale by
collectors of customs at 25 cents for each block of 100.
CERTIFICATES OF TRANSFER. (If required)
INSPECTED
I certify that within-described goods were transferred
I certify that within-described goods were transferred
at
by reason of
by reason of
on
19
to
to
and seals found
on
, 19
, at
on
, 19
1 at
and sealed with
or seals
and sealed with
or seals
Nos.
and that
Nos.
, and that
goods were in same apparent condition as noted on
goods were in same apparent condition as noted on
original lading except
original lading except
Inspector.
Inspector, Conductor, or Master.
Inspector, Conductor, or Master.
If transfer occurs within city limits of a customs port or station, customs officers must be notified to supervise transfer.
INSPECTOR'S REPORT OF DISCHARGE OR EXPORTATION AT DESTINATION
Port
Station
19
To THE COLLECTOR OF CUSTOMS: Delivering line
Car No
Initial
Arrived
19
Condition of car
, of seals
of packages.
DATE OF DELIVERY TO
No. AND KIND OF ENTRY
BONDED TRUCK OR
PACKAGES
CONDITIONS, Erc.
IMPORTER, OR GEN. ORDER
OR GENERAL ORDER
LIGHTER No.
I certify above report is correct.
(Seal)
Inspector.
I certify that goods described in this manifest were laden on the
on
19
, cleared for
on
, 19
that the goods were in apparent good order and agreed with manifest except as noted.
19
, Inspector.
mitted to the Collector of Customs at port
on
19
omptroller of Customs, for his information.
Acting Deputy Collector.
PAN AMERICAN INTERNATIONAL AIR EXPRESS SERVICE
PAN AMERICAN AIRWAYS SYSTEM
AIRWAY емят
NOT NEGOTIABLE
10
UBT
VO
Destriction
odi
nasm
Hurls
II
Consigned
to
called
YITA
bas
III
Notify
bns
sbuloni
lisrie
(Delivery Address of the Goods shall be made only to the consignee named in above unless such consignee be due of the Carriers hereunder, as defined on the back hereof, or its agent of representative,
III above, subject to the terms and conditions mentioned and referred to herein.)
Shipper's Declared Valuations
Weight Kiles
Volume
No. of Packages and
Shipper's Description of Artlefes and Special Marks or Numbers по
no
(U. Cerrency)
Manner of Packing
(Herein called the "Goods")
#
For Customs
For Carriage
DEDIST Itada 11 to
sdi to ebood 16 salem
DISVITY 10 28 2169 10 adt to of berewoqme bas
Y40 os bns ob LII to ast 2297005 15 requide gniving
visa also none to about to bas Hoen
bas
01
LILE
Yes
03
One
starts
503
to
airds 20 ⑉ to theq risds по odt to II
to
mL
101
Dade
Hade
"Explain above Any excess of Carriers Valcagon over Valuarion
1 TO BE CARRIED in the PAN AMERICAN INTERNATIONAL AIR EXPRESS SERVICE, as defined on the back hereof,
Via
(a)
From
(A)
To (B)
(any other. heduledyIntermediate
(Departure Point)
10 (D)
(Terminal Point)
(aby other scheduled intermediate stopping
when and if, and in the number. quantity and condition, the Goods are received by a Carrier at each Departure International Point, respectively, Air Express Service, and upon as arrival contemplated of the Goods in 2 below, at each or, if Terminal the last named Point to
(b) From (C)
warded is the and estination consigned to be for there carriage delivered by another as consigned transportation above at agency the usual not place a part of of delivery the of Pan the American Carrier to Destination, upon prior payment of all unpaid amounts hereunder, and of all duties and
2 TO BE FORWARDED Point (if other than Destination), when and if, and in the number, quantity and condition, the Goods arrive such rminal and its connections, or if a contract of carriagecannot Point
"charges, yment and of all consigned of which (a) shipper at the guarantees; receiving point and to be stated in 2X below by the Company, If other than point at (A), provided receipt Point, for of carriage the Goods to the is next knowledged succeeding therein Departre as ity and
readily stated (b) at abové obtained Terminal or to from Destination such other by another transportation transportation agency agency for continuous not a part carriage of the by it, aforementioned or by and service its connections. or and by SQ such on through other once or transportation to such eftener next in succession. succeeding agency until Departure there shall Point be or obtained Destination, acontract then to for an the intermedia carriaget
the point, Goods and likewise by another at each transportation such intermediate agency, classifications, or point by it to and be forwarded its tariffs, connections, rules. and consigned regulations, through to for uch conditions carriage next succeeding and schedules Departure of such other Point or transportation to:Destination, agencies all subject and to their the charges connections, and advances and to all the (and the te ms prior and payTe conc
thereof, tions of their which contracts shipper guarantees), of carriage. bills and of the lading and/or eipts, whe and ther above or not shall actually SUBJECT issued TO THE TERMS, EXCEPTIONS PROVISIONS AND CONDITIONS ATED AND REFERRED corrections, TO ON THE and additions FACE AND
The whether written, and printed, pasted for or carriage stamped, referred including, to in but not limiting the generality of the foregoi of which shall those instre contained Paragraph Carrier, on the and back subject hereof, to with the classificati such designations, tarifts, rates, rules, regulations, of condit the
any BACK tions Carrier and HEREOF, as are permitted of the Carriers, or and to all hereunder, laws and regulations all which applicable are made to a the part Goods of this and Airwaybill, to the transportation and and/or delivery and/or to warding and consignment for carriage thereof, and subject to the Company's acceptance COLLECT
Goods on form 2X below.
Check (V) value to be declared to other transportation agencies:
PREPAID
(Au sums specified or referred to below In U.
(Strike out 4 insurance not desired)
currency unless otherwise stated)
Shipper insur under
Shipper a Declared alas for Carriage
Maximum
value
subject
to
is recerred to below
If Goods cannot be forwarded or delivered as consigned:
Abandon;
Return to shipper;
Deli
Carriers' Weight or Volume Charges
The shipper hereby certifies that the foregoing statements of and the number agrees of that packages the LIABILITY and description OF and THE valua CARRIERS
Goods for IN customs NO EVENT and for EXCEED carriage are the true Shipper's and correct, Declared Valuation for Carriage stated above, upon which such declared in part
Carriers'
Valuation
Charges
valuation, the charges and the shipper hereby agrees that all the terms, ditions and provisions stated or referred to in this
SHALL of the Carriers will be fixed, liability for partial loss or damage to be computed on the basis of
Carriers's C. D. Return Charges
shall be binding on the shipper and each owner of the Goods or of any interest therein.
19
on
Charges of Other Transp's Agencies
to
yes
Dated at.
MM
on
Shipper If shipper has requested insurance above, and 2X has been Shipper's duly signed Declared by the Valuation Carrier named for Carriage in the stated first line above thereof, (recovery this shipment seizure, to is
97
dous
actual insured loss), by The against Sea Insurance FISKS of physical Company, loss Ltd., or damage in the amount from any of external cause provisions whatsoever, of an open except policy, directly a statement or indirectly OF which from termis legal and
wat visions risks is or available hostilities, for inspection us by the to shipper. in File all claims with the with terms Chubb & Sons, Mgrs., 90 John St., New York,
4
of
19
2X Received by PAN AMERICAN AIRWAYS, INC, at. ... on
to
packages, agrees, upon and subject to the terms, conditions and provisions stated and referred to on the agencies at
in apparent good order, except as noted hereon; said to contain property of the face description and back
Insurance
Premium
The Company that the said packages will be forwarded and for carriage by other transportation and number,
of this Airwaybill, and under the contemplated in 2 above, and that the said packages, when will'be and if, carried in the Pan
Shipper's Deposit
lo
stuess
the points condition are received by a Carrier at each Departure Point stated above, above, and,
Account or Disbursements
11
quantity and International they Air Express Service from such point to the next succeeding Terminal Point stated
American Terminal Point is Destination, will be there delivered as herein provided.
TOTAL
where such on behalf of Pan American Airways, Inc. on the above-date, and the above place, all of like tenor, full
$
Six performance copies signed under any one of which shall be a full performance of all obligations under all such copies.
Total celved from Shipper
C.O.D.
PAN
AMERICAN
INC.
vd
# other U. 8. Currency
Kind of currency (If other than
Amount in U. S. currency
AIRWAYS,
VILE
Had
to
U.S.) to beremitted to shipper
becollected delivery
AS
To3
By
19
apparent
good
order,
(Specify Currenty)
IX (a) RECEIVED
For Accouns
packages said to contain property of the above description, which are hereby
For Account
DISBURSEMENTS
of Consignee
accepted except as on noted behalf hereon of the undersigned and other Carriers, if any, on the route mentioned Airwaybill, below, for upon carriage and from point to (A) the
of Shipper
(Purpose
terms, to conditions (B) but not and elsewhere provisions in the Pan American International Air Express Service, and for delivery
stated and referred to on the face and back of this thereat to Con
$
signee, point or for forwarding and consignment for carriage as contemplated in 2 above.
has
on
all of like copies tenor, and each of the same validity, one being accomplished the others to stand void.
signed on the above date, and at the above place (which is the address of the initial Carrier signing below),
Initial Carrier
et
8
19
In
apparent
order
IX
€
RECEIVED
at
hereon, packages said to contain property of the above description, and which subject are Hereby to the
except as noted behalf of the undersigned and other Carriers, if any, on the route mentioned below, upon from point (C)
accepted on stated and referred to on the face and back of this Airwaybill, for carriage to Coli
terms, to conditions (D) but not and elsewhere provisions in the Pan American Interna tional Air Express Service, and for delivery thereat
to
**
point a or for forwarding and consignment for carriag contemplated in 2 above.
signed the above date, and at the (which is the address initial Carrier signing below),
each on of the same validity, one being accomplished the others to stand void.
from
Due from Consignee
adi 10 snon 19810 to
$
Due
Shipper
LIVED ejoin agameb
to
Equiv. in Local Currency
"
can Airways, Inc.
..packages
said
to
contain
property
25
on
19
at
and
Dollars, for carriage to
by shipper to be
subject to the Classifications and Tariffs and to the terms and conditions of the undersigned Uniform
Lieu of the terms and conditions of the attached Airwaybill.
RAILWAY EXPRESS AGENCY, INCORPORATED,
By
ЗАНОТАИЯЗТИ ИАЗӀЯЗМА ИАЯ
MADDINMA ИАЧ
TERMS AND CONDITIONS
THE PROVISIONS OF THE CONVENTION OF WARSAW OF THE 12TH OCTOBER, 1929 WHEN APPLICABLE
HALL CONTROL IN LIEU OF SUCH PROVISIONS OF THIS airwaybill AS ARE INCONSISTENT THEREWITH
he face and back hereof shall mean the company named in
9. If the Destination is point (B) or point (D), in the absence of other angements, notice well be XY
face and back hereof shall mean the Company and any other
zation which shall have agreed to carry property under the terms,
notice. No Carrier shall be obligated to effect delivery of the Goods at the address of the consignee. Iffix
Goods thereat, but none of the Carriers shall be responsible for failure of the consignee to receive such
sent to the consignee by any ordinary method available to any of the Carriers, of the arrival of the
and eterred to on the face and back of this Airwaybill and over whose
each particular instance, and shall include the agents, representatives,
portation charges of the Carriers may be assessed commencing five days after arrival of shipment.
packages are stored on the premises of any of the Carriers, a daily storage fee of 1% of the total trans- If
of the Company each such other company, person, agency and organi-
Goods remain uncalled for at Destination, upon expiration of thirty days, any of the Carriers will
have the right to them, in one or more lots, at public or private sale, without notice, or to return
American ernational Air Express Service" and "Air Express Service" as used
them by Carriers and/or any tation agency to point of receipt stated in 1X(a)
back fively, shall mean the transport services (whether or not such ser-
on the face hereof, and upon arrival wait instructions of the shipper, for which purposes the
and services auxiliary or accessorial thereto, operated by or on
shipper hereby expressly. gives the Carriers, and each of them, all necessary authority for such sales,
of any of the Carriers which such Carriers shall have agreed to carry property under the
or for re-shipment and re exportation of such shipment. The shipper agrees to pay, in case of such
conditions provisions's tated and referred the face and back of this Airwaybill,
return of Goods, a return transportation equal to the original transportation charge, and all
2. Notwithstanding the assumption and/or performance by any of the Carriers of any undertaking to
other charges and expenses on account of nonclaimer of shipment. If the shipper shall refuse or
forward and consign the Goods for carriage by any agency or agencies not a part of the Air Express
neglect to make such payments within fifteen days after such return of the Goods, any of the Carriers
Service, or that any Carrier states a rate through to any point, (even though part or parts of the route
is authorized and empowered to dispose of the Goods, or any part thereof, at public or private sale,
are not served by the Air Express Service) or may collect sums in respect of the charges of any such
after giving shipper at the address stated hereon ten days' notice of its intention so to do, and to pay
other agency or agencies, or that the Destination is not a point served by the Air Express Service, and
itself and the other Carriers, out of the proceeds of such sale, any and all charges, advances and ex-
notwithstanding any other act, whether or not of a similar nature or character, or any possible in-
penses of the Carriers, and each of them. plus costs of sale, holding any surplus subject to orders of
ference, it is agreed that (i) undertakings hereunder to forward and consign the Goods for carriage by
the shipper. A sale of any shipment shall not, however, discharge any liability hereunder to pay any
other transportation agencies not a part of the Air Express Service shall not be deemed undertakings
deficiencies.
to carry the Goods, and none of the Carriers shall be liable for any act, default, negligence, or omission
10. None of the Carriers shall be liable for loss, damage, deterioration, destruction, theft, pilferage,
of any other such transp ortation agency or its connections, or its or their failure to provide proper
delay or default, misdelivery or nondelivery not caused by the actual negligence of any of the Carriers
facilities or service, to nake connections, or to collect and/or to remit any amount designated by the
shipper to be collected on delivery, or for any loss, damage or delay which may occur to the Goods
or of their representatives, correspondents, agents, servants or employees.
while in its or their custody, and none of the Carriers shall be under any responsibility by virtue of any
11. None of the Carriers shall, notwithstanding negligence on its or their part, or of its or their
such undertaking-wi respect to the Goods subsequent to the forwarding and consignment thereof for
agents, representatives, correspondents, servants or employees, be liable for any amount in excess of
carriage by any such agency and prior to the re-deliverylof the Goods thereafter to a Carrier, and (ii)
the declared carriage value (in United States of America currency) stated on the face hereof: provided.
any such transportati agency shall be deemed to be acting on behalf of the shipper and/or owner of
however, that if under the law governing in any particular case, any of the Carriers shall be exempt
the Goods and agent for, or on behalf or for the account of, any of the Carriers, and (iii) under-
from liability, or its liability shall be limited to a lesser sum, then none of the Carriers shall be liable
takings hereunder to forward and consign the Goods for carriage Destination other transporta-
amount, or amount in excess of such lesser sum, respectively. The Carriers may deduct
tion agencies part of the Air Express Service shall not be deemed undertakings to deliver the
any unpaid charges, advances, damages or other sums to they, or any of them, may be entitled.
Goods such Destination and none of the Carriers shall be liable for any act, default, negligence or
None 01 the Carriers shall he liable loss of profits, [o] consequential special damages, whe dier
omission its or of to make such proper delivery of its ith respect to such delivery or
or not any of them had knowledge that such loss or damages might occur.
result misdelivery delivery of the Goods by such transportation agencyay which may
12. The full charges of the Carriers for carriage of the Goods hereunder, whether prepaid or collect,"
and any further sums becoming păyable to any of the Carriers, and all fees. duties, taxes, charges,
tions, none of the Carriers shall be under any responsibility whatsoever with respect to the delivery
of the Goods at Destination, and (iv) Carriers shall be liable only for the use of reasonable care in the
vances and payments made or incurred by any of the Carriers (not required hereunder to be borne
selection such other transportation agencies, and (v) no bill of lading contained herein shall be
lost or damaged or arrive at the fully and irrevocably earned whether or not the Goods herein. are or
deeme contract for_carriage any other service with respect to the Goods, prior to the
Destination, and shall be due and payable at any stage of the service hereunder,
the Departure specified therein to the initial Carrier thereunder or beyond
13. LE gross weight, measurement or quantity carried exceeds the weight, measurement or quantity
the Point specified and none of the Carriers shall be responsible under such contract
on which charges have been computed any of the Carriers may collect charges on such excess. Any
with the Goods prior to such delivery or subsequent forwar and consignment the
error in transportation or other charges or in the description or classification herein of the Goods is
Goods, required, at such Point or carriage onward therefrom by an agency not a part of
subject to correction by any Carrier. Should a package or shipment consist several parcels for-more
the ir xpress Service, and (vi) the contract under each bill of ading contained herein IS separate and
than one person, full charges shall be paid on the parcels for each person as if shipped and consigned
distinct rom the contract under each other bill of Inding contained herein.
as separate kage or shipment. The shipper owner of the Goods shall be jointly and sever-
The act, or any.duty in connection with act, referred or contemplated
ally liable for all additional amounts.
paragraph 2воп the face hereof, to be performed by any agent or correspondent which may be
14. The charges of the Carriers do not include the charges or expenses of any agency not & part of
acted by any Carriery The only reasonable care shall be required in selecting any such
the Air Express Service.
corres pondent. Each the Carriers. and each such agent and correspondent, is authorized in
warding and consigning the Goodsifoncarriage by any transportation agency or. agencies. at a
15. Upon delivery of the Goods to any agency not 2 part of the Air Express Service, any of the Care
arrier or Carriers as defined above, to select such agency or agencies and their routes, unless such
riers may authorize such agency to collect, prior to delivery of the Goods, and for the account of any
one or more of the Carriers, any unpaid charges or advances of, or other sums owing to, any OL the
agencies or routesbe specified in.writingiby the shipper. to make arrangements for carriage,
including the execution and acceptance from any such transportation agency of bill of lading, con-
Carriers.
tract of-carriage receipt in such form as may be issued by it. with any special clauses or provisions,
16. Any of the Carriers is authorized (but shall not be obligated) to advance any duties, taxes
whether written, printed, pasted or stamped (including provisions limiting the liability of any such
charges and to make any disbursements with respect to the Goods, and the shipper and owner of the
transpor agency connections); to consign the Goods for such carriage without declara
Goods shall be jointly and severally liable for the epayment thereof.
tion-of-value or with-a declaration of excess-of-the carriage valuation declared on the face
17. None of the Carriers shall be obligated to incur any expenses or advance any money in connec-
hereof (irrespective of any auth orization by the shipper to declare the Goods at the maximum value not
tion with the forwarding and consignment of the Goods unless the same is previously advanced to the
subject to an excess value charge), and in the name of the shipper or in the name of any Carrier or con-
Company by the shipper on demand...
signor or shipper, and/or in the name of any Carrier or its agent or representative, or the consignee
18. In case the shipper shall have requested it so to do on the facé hereof, and the Company shall
named on the face hereof, as consignee; to consolidate the shipment with other shipments; and to en-
have signed paragraph 2X on the face hereof, the Company as agent for the shipper will arrange for the
close the Goods in other_wrappers or containers and separately or with the property of others. In
insurance of the Goods, in the amount of shipper's valuation for carriage stated hereon, under policy
performing any of the aforemention acts or duties, none of the Carriers or any such agent or cor-
or policies referred to on the face hereof. If the shipper shall not so request. the Company shall be
respondent shall be deemed to e acting as, or subject to the responsibilities of, a Carrier, but only as
under no obligation to-arrange for insurance on the Goods on behalf of the shipper, consignee and/or
agent for the shipper to perform such acts and duties and shall be required to exercise only reason
owner of the Goods, and in such event the shipper, consignee and or owner of the Goods assume all
able
care.
risks except for loss or damage caused by negligence of the Carriers. Any charge made for valuation is
3. Without limitation on any other provision hereof, in the event that the forwarding and consign
an additional charge relating to transportation and not to insurance.
ment of the Goods for carriage byrother the Air Express Service, or carriage in the Air
19. If the shipment covered hereby is a C. O. shipment, the Company upon the collection of the
Express Service, according to original routing instructions, or by customary routes or agencies, will, in
amount designated by the shipper to be collected on delivery (such amount to be collected in currency
the opinion of any of the Carriers, result in delay, or will be impracticable, the Goods may be re-destined
of the United States of America or it's equivalent at the time of collection), will remit to the shipper the
by any of the Carriers for carriage by any other route oragency or if, in the opinion of such Carrier,
balance thereof at the rate of exchange on the date of collection remaining after deducting all remit-
there is no other practicable route or agency, it may place the Goods in storage in the manner and with
fance charges and all unpaid charges of the Carriers and all other sums hereunder. Such balance shall
the effect stated in paragraph 6 below. The Carriers shall not be obligated, however, to re-destine the
be remitted in such currency as the shipper shall designate, but only when and if, and to the extent, per-
Goods for carriage by any-route or agency other than that stated in such routing instructions, unless
mitted by law,
such re-destination shall be specifically agreed to by the Company with the shipper, and in the event of
any such change pursuant to any such greement the shipper shall be obligated to pay additional
20. All particulars herein mentioned relating to the Goods except only the number of packages with
the marks thereon, are those declared by the shipper and none of such particulars (including anything
charges expenses which may arise by reason thereof.
stated as to contents, size, quality, quantity, condition, country of origin, and the like, or
4. Neither the Company nor any of the Carriers assumes any obligation to transport or deliver the
implied from the character of packages designated) shall constitute, as against the Carriers, or any of
Goods by a certain time or to carry them by any specified aircraft or other conveyance, or over any
them, any part of their description OF the Goods as herein receipted for.
particular route or routes or to make connection at any point according to any particular schedule.
Each of the Carriers is authorized to select, and to deviate from, the route of the shipment, notwiths
21. Without limiting the generality of any other representations by the shipper, the shipper repre-
standing the same is stated hereon, without any liability therefor, and to do all acts on behalf of the
sents that the packages do not contain letters or other mail matter or other goods of any kind whatso-
shipper, including, without limiting the generality of the foregoing, restating Points (A) and (B) and
ever the carriage of which may be prohibited by any law or governmental regulation.
to
(C) and (D) on the face hereof, which may be necessary or appropriate in connection with as a
22. The shipper, consignee owner shall be jointly and severally liable for all damage, injury,
result of any such selection or deviation.
or death caused by the Goods Goods are their nature likely to cause loss, damage, injury
5. If in the opinion of any the Carriers it is necessary to hold the Goods awaiting forwarding,
death, unless their nature has been fully disclosed by the shipper on the face of this Airwaybill, and/such
re-forwarding, consignment for carriage, trans portation or delivery, such Carrier may store the Goods
Goods may be abandoned or destroyed at any time without notice or compensation.
for and at the risk and expense shipper and/or owner of the Goods, in any warehouse
23. The Goods at all times that they are in the possession of any of the Carriers shall, to the exclu-
or other available or with customs authorities, and the shipper shall indemnify each of the Car-
sion of all rights and claims of others than those of the shipper and the Carriers, and each bigliem, be
riers against all such risks and expenses.
subject to the of the shipper, which shall not be consistent with the rights of any of the
of the Garriers (a) unable to forward or consign the Goods for carriage by any
Carriers, or with any of the provisions set forth on the face or back hereof.
agency & partion Air Express Service, or (b) shall reasonably conclude that because of the
24. The shipper, consignee and owner of the Goods shall be jointly and severally liable for the pay-
existence of any state of facts, actual or reported, it is or will be unsafe or impracticable to proceed on
ment of, and indemnity of Carriers for, all unpaid charges; advances and disbursements of the Carriers,
the route, or in the event of physical nece ssity or any emergency, then such Carrier may place the
and all costs, expenses, expenditures, fines, penalties, loss of time, and damages which any of the
Goods storage at the nearest practicab place in a warehouse.or other place of storage, or in the
Carriers may incur or suffer by reason of the illegal, incorrect or insufficient marking numbering,
event specified in (b) above forward the Goods by any route or agency to or toward the Destination
addressing or packing of packages, or the description of the Goods, or of the absence, delay or incorrect-
of the Goods stated on the face hereof, all risk and expense of the Goods, the shipper, the con-
ness of any export or import license, or consular, health other required certificate or document
signee and the owner of the Goods. Any such disposition Goods shall constitute a valid and final
or of any improper customs valuation, or incorrect statement of weight or volume, or (b) under the pro-
delivery thereof under this Airwaybill, terminating all contracts hereunder and all responsibilities of
visions of this Airwaybill are to be borne and paid by the shipper, consignee and owner of the
each of the Carriers upon dispatch of notice thereof to the shipper
Goods; and each of the Carriers shall have lien on the Goods for same; and each of them. and DO
7. Any of the Carriers may deliver Goods at any place to any transfer agent, for transfer or
such lien, and no right of the Carriers to collect any of the foregoing, shall be-in any way frected.
delivery, and in such case all responsibility of the Carriers shall cease as soon as the Goods come into
or lost or prejudiced, by reason of the of payment, it actually paid, or by reason of
the custody of any such transfer agent and until they again come into the actual physical custody of
the delivery of the Goods or the surrender of possession of the Nothing herein contained shall
he-Carriers. Any Carrier elivering to a transfer agent.shall liable only for the
be construed as imposing any obligation or liability upon the Carriers or any of them to remedy or take
use of reasonable care in the selection of such transfer agent. The transfer, custody or delivery of the
any other action whatsoever in respect of the illegal, incorrect or insufficient marking, numbering,
Goods by any such transfer agent shall be subject to its rules and regulations and to the provisions of
addressing packing, valuation or description of the Goods the incorrect statement of their weight or
the contract, any, transfer agent, whether or actually issued
volume or to impose on them or any of them, any other obligation or liability whatsoever.
8. If it is necessary to make customs entry of the Goods at any place before the Goods reach Destin
25. In case of loss, damage, delay, misdelivery, ndelivery, or failure to remit any
nation, the Goods are hereby consigned at such place to the person named hereon by the shipper as
amount designated by the shipper to be collected upon delivery, notice of claim must be given to one of
customs consignee, or Carrier to such place point, to-such customs consignee as
the Carriers in writing sufficiently describing the Goodsi question, the date of the loss ondamage, and
any of the Carriers may designate authority so to do. as well as to designate customs, clearance point
the nature of the claim, within ten days after delive of the Goods to the consignee, or in case of non-
or points, being hereby granted), but as the agent and representative of the shipper and/or owner of
arrival or nondelivery. within one hundred and twenty days after the Company's signature of 2X on
the Goods, without responsibility the Carriers, or any of them, therefor, whether or not
the face hereof, None of the Carriers shall be liable in any suit which may be instituted upon such claim
any of the Carriers be named or act as such customs consignee. For the purpose of making customs of
unless such notice shall have. in been so given, and shall not be liable in any event. unless suit shall
entry of the Goods and fulfilling Government requirements in respect thereof. and for the purpose
have been instituted within two years after the which such loss or damage was caused. Any
such customs entry only, a copy of this Airwaybill, certified by any of the Carriers, as correct, shall be
of the Carriers shall have the right immediately to inspect any article in respect of which notice of
claim has been given.
deemed an original.
guisc
o
26. Without limiting any of the other provisions, none of the Carriers shall be liable for any loss,
damage or delay directly or indirectly due to war risks or hostilities or the act or restraint of any
government or strikes, riots or civil commonons
ADVERTENCIA oficinas de traducción los Porteadores al español en los de palses este de formulario habla española. en las
A
Uma traducção desta formula em portuguez está afixada nos escriptories dos Transportadores
em territorio de lingua portugueza.
5mg
Copyright 1984, Pan American Airways. Inc.
bedefits
has then
January 27, 1943
P.P.7.
My dear Mr. Duval:
9-D
I have received your letter of January
twenty-first and want to thank you for your kind-
ness in sending the President the copy of the
book GOD IS THE ANSWER. You may be assured that
it will be most gratifying to him to know that he
has your friendly thoughts and your prayers during
these critical days.
Very sincerely yours,
Grace G. Tully
Private Secretary
x
Ewing Duval, Esq.,
908 Fairfax Building,
Kansas City,
Missouri.
dd
6wing Dural
ing Duval
908 Fairfax Building
ROBERT M. MURRAY
Kansas City. Mo.
ask
January 21st 1943.
pludy
uh
1/27/43
dd,
Grace G. Tully, Private Secretary
to the President.
The White House.
Washington, D.C.
My Dear Miss Tully:-
Please accept our thanks and appreciation
for your letter dated December 29th 1942, acknowled-
ging receipt of ours of December 17th, to Mr.M.H.
Mc Intyre with a book "Jesus Christ Heals" by
Charles Fillmore of Kansas City, as an addition to
Mr. Roosevelts library.
I am mailing to you direct with my compli-
ments another book, 11 God is the answer 11 by Dana
Gatlin, published in Kansas City in 1938, which we
are sure you will enjoy. Should the opportunity be
available and in your judgement adviseable would
like very much to have the President see this book
in order that he may note the title, "God Is The Answer"
with which he fully agrees, as the answer to our
Governments affairs and to every individual.
Were it possible I would be happy to place
a copy of this book on the desk of every member of
Congress, Cabinet and leading Government official,
that the name might impress on them the answer to
world affairs.
We must seek continually by prayer, Divine
Guidance and be assured of our Nations success and
future welfarethrough our Faith in God.
The American people should be grateful
that we have as President, a Leader who understands
the Teachings and Principles of Jesue Christ.
Sincerely Yours
Ewing Duval
908 Fairfax Building
Kansas City, Missouri
file
February 17th, 1943
Grace G. Tully, Private Secretary
to the President,
The White House
Washington, D.C.
My Dear Miss Tully:-
I am truly grateful to receive your
lovely letter of January twenty-seventh in
acknowledgement of ours dated January twenty-first
and the book, "God Is The Answer. If
From our files relating to the
President's advice and counsel to the people along
spiritual lines, we have detached and enclose a
news article printed in the Kansas City Times,
April 1st, 1942, repeating quotation made by
Mr. Roosevelt at his press conference on March 31st, 1942,
from an unidentified writer, and which he stated
applied to the war situation at that time and was
appropriate for Holy Week-
In our opinion this was a
splendid thought for the President to get before the
public and certainly is still applicable today should
he desire to repeat.
We pray for his continued perfection
in mind, body and soul.
Sincerely yours,
Eiving Dewal
OUR GUIDE
Roosevelt Calls for Forces of the
Right to Rally Against
Paganism.
THIS WAR A NEW CRUSADE
Not a Matter of Religious Faith
but of Belief in the
pr7.
Truth.
February 1, 1943
The President Carries On His
Discussion in the Spirit
q-D
of Easter.
SEES PACIFIC HARMONY
iss Danzell:
Council Should Work Well, He
9
Says-MacArthur's Power
The President asks me to thank
Embraces Everything.
so much for your friendly letter and
BY THEODORE C. ALFORD.
(Chief of The Star's Washington Bureau.)
Washington, March 31.
you to know that he is indeed grate-
- President Roosevelt
our kind thought in sending him that
called today upon the
spiritual forces of a Chris-
ake, This little note conveys his
tian people to rally around
the Sign of the Cross to
wishes to you.
"conquer the powers of
black paganism that now
Very sincerely yours,
threaten everything we
hold dear."
From the letter of an un-
identified writer, the Presi-
Grace G. Tully
dent at his press conference
Private Secretary
read a paragraph he said ap-
plied to the present war situa-
tion and was appropriate for
Holy Week.
"No matter what may be the re-
ligious faith of individuals," Mr.
Danzell,
Roosevelt read to the newspaper- 'e Avenue,
men gathered in his office, "mosigh,
Americans see in Calvary's cross ia.
eternal symbol that light will CO
pl
quer darkness, truth prove strong
than error, and life greater tl
death. It is the only sign by w/
we can conquer the powers of
paganism that now threaten
thing we hold dear."
even Rudyard Kipling in 'Fringes of the Fleet' caught the feeling of
ships and men so thoroughly."
mcg
3
net
pr7.
February 1, 1943
q-D
My dear Miss Danzell:
9
The President asks me to thank
you ever so much for your friendly letter and
he wants you to know that he is indeed grate-
ful for your kind thought in sending him that
birthday cake, This little note conveys his
very best wishes to you.
Very sincerely yours,
Grace G. Tully
Private Secretary
Miss Agnes Danzell,
2903 Gilmore Avenue,
Wilkinsburgh,
Pennsylvania.
pl
even Rudyard Kipling in 'Fringes of the Fleet' caught the feeling of
ships and men so thoroughly."
F
9-D
achd
43
2/1/43pe
me. 9-D
?.
toack
a copy of the book
gift, which Mr. Delano
resident wrote to
11 read it at his first
GGT
us a roken to express my very
best congratulations. I would also
like you to know Q think you
are carrying on as president of this
fine country in a very wonderful
manner and I truly thank god
for your services.
26 ith best wishes for your Contin
uld success and good health, 2 am
yours truly agnes Danzell
even Rudyard Kipling in 'Fringes of the Fleet' caught the feeling of
ships and men so thoroughly."
mee
3
so
he
3
1/30/43
Re
Y
mrs Eben
This letter is for a
birthday cake recd, cake by
was broken in halfand
mail Today. The
mashed. order. "T.A" Groshon by your
9
Date
more
-atory Institut at of and moal of NOT state an
#sdd and at bris THE 203 the
old equipee eden add witho
.10% of nadetu feed VISA
, awoy Viersonia VIEW
VILUP .0 90020
stavisi
Lienmad BocHa 88.12
ADRIVA etrom/ 10 does
Iq
11%
even Rudyard Kipling in 'Fringes of the Fleet' caught the feeling of
ships and men so thoroughly."
January 26, 1943
T.A
2903 gilmore are
F.
9-D
The President
Willinsburg, W Pa.
T he W hite House
9-D
W Washington, D.C.
Dear President Roosevelt,
; a copy of the book
il gift, which Mr. Delano
President wrote to
Please accept this birthday cake
ill read it at his first
as a taken to express my very
best congratulations. d would also
like you to know Q think you
are carrying on as president of this
fine country in a very wonderful
manner and I truly thank god
for your services.
20 ith best wishes for your Contin
uld success and good health, 2 am
yours truly agnes Danzell
even Rudyard Kipling in 'Fringes of the Fleet' caught the feeling of
ships and men so thoroughly."
mcg
DELANO, Hon. Frederic A.
Washington, D. C.
9-D
Dec. 30, 1943.
Wrote to the President enclosing a copy of the book
"The Making of Tomorrow" by Raoul de Roussy de Sales, as a gift, which Mr. Delano
thought would be interresting to the President. -- The President wrote to
Mr. Delano, Feb. 2, 1943, thanking him for the book and will read it at his first
opportunity. - Notation - "Sent to Series B."
See - PPF22
9
even Rudyard Kipling in 'Fringes of the Fleet' caught the feeling of
ships and men so thoroughly."
mcg
DOWS, Mrs. Tracy
Rhinebeck, N. Y.
P.P.F.
9-D
February 2, 1943 (File date)
The to him President wrote thanking Mrs. Dows for the beautiful crystal decanter decanter. sent
Wrote to the President sending him a crystal - -
for Christmas. - Notation - "Put with Christmas gifts, "
See - PPF 5638
9
even Rudyard Kipling 111
ships and men so thoroughly."
1
mcg
COOK, Miss Nancy
P.P.F.
Pi
9.D
New York, II. Y.
Feb. 2, 1945.
The President wrote thanking Miss Cook and Miss Marian
Dickerman for the lovely color photograph of the Library sent to him for Christmas.
See - PPF 1256
9
even Rudyard Kipling in 'Fringes of the Fleet' caught the feeling of
ships and men so thoroughly."
work with
February 2, 1943
My dear Mr. Macrae:
pl.7 q-w
Permit me to acknowledge the
receipt of the copy of FIREDRAKE and to
assure you that the President will much
xppt
9-B
appreciate your courtesy in sending the
book to him.
Very sincerely yours,
Grace G. Tully
eb
Private Secretary
John Macrae, Jr., Esq.,
Vice President,
E. P. Dutton & Company, Inc.,
286-302 Fourth Avenue,
New York, N. Y.
John Macrae, Jr.
JM, Jr:HMcG
Vice President
P. S. A few days ago we received a telegram from one advance reader saying:
"What gives this book its overpowering, dramatic intensity and emotion-
al appeal is the passionate honesty and simplicity of its writing. Not
even Rudyard Kipling in 'Fringes of the Fleet' caught the feeling of
ships and men so thoroughly."
VICE PREST.
ALGONQUIN 4-8762
ELLIOTT BEACH MACRAE
CABLE ADDRESS:
SECY & TREAS.
"YARDFAR,NEWYORK"
DUTTON & Co.,INC.
PUBLISHERS
ack study
286-302 FOURTH AVENUE
as
NEWYORK,N.Y.
ESTABLISHED 1852
January 18, 1943
President Franklin D. Roosevelt
The White House
Washington, D. C.
Dear Mr. President
I am sending you a copy of FIREDRAKE: The Destroyer That Wouldn't Give
Up by A. D. Divine, publication date January 25th. We have had an exceptionally
strong reaction to this book and there is every indication that it will be a
Best-Seller. Because of this reaction and because so many people think that the
book has something to contribute to the war effort, we are backing it with a big,
national campaign similar to the one given to "Queen of the Flat-Tops".
This is the story of a ship, a small and gallant ship who fought her
way to hell and back. There's a price on her head, because she represents what
the enemy despises and hates the most-courage, fortitude and faith of the
"little man" who refuses to recognize defeat no matter how overwhelming the odds.
It is also the story of the men who fought in her and of their stout
devotion to their ship and to the service to which they were pledged, but above
all, it is the story of man's heroic soul and of the selfless, indomitable spirit
by which a whole nation endures. As you follow the FIREDRAKE in action and bombs
come screaming down and enemy ships rain death upon her, you realize that more
than a ship is being torn apart, for a ship like the FIREDRAKE becomes a living
symbol of the greatness of all the simple people who are bound to her. You see
these men for what they are--individually simple, home-loving, God-fearing people.
Just ordinary men with a great love of country and a great love of freedom. As
you share these experiences with them, you become part of this great adventure.
You too are living--or dying--in this brutal warfare. You too are doing your
part in keeping civilization flickering in its darkest hour.
The author, A. D. Divine, is known to many readers as the novelist,
David Rame, author of "Wine of Good Hope", etc. He has just been awarded the
D.S.M. for his heroic service.
Sincerely yours,
John Macroe, John
John Macrae, Jr.
JM,Jr:HMcG
Vice President
P. S. A few days ago we received a telegram from one advance reader saying:
"What gives this book its overpowering, dramatic intensity and emotion-
al appeal is the passionate honesty and simplicity of its writing. Not
even Rudyard Kipling in 'Fringes of the Fleet' caught the feeling of
ships and men so thoroughly."
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2/1/43
dd
February 2, 1943
P.P.7. q-D
sings,
way,
My dear Mrs. Dehler:
Eving
It is my pleasure to thank you,
in the President's behalf, for the kind
+ P.P.7.9.g
thought which prompted you and the members
whelt
of your Knitting Unit to send him those
handmade gloves for his birthday. He is,
ca
I assure you, especially grateful for your
prayerful wishes.
The clipping you enclosed with
.ny.
your nice letter, telling of the work being
carried on by your Unit, has been noted with
appreciative interest.
Very sincerely yours,
Grace G. Tully
Private Secretary
x
Mrs. R. M. Dehler,
3455 Chippewa,
St. Louis,
Missouri.
pl
pit
acktome, Giveto &' ackd St. Louis mo.
11
2/2/43e Jan.251943
Hon: Franklin D. Roosevelt,
Dear Sir.
Please except these
gloves as a Birthday
Unit. gift from our Knitting
may the Lord Bless
Penna
" god
you for many years
au
to fame.
+ hanced
picture
Grey
group"
Rosemony
sincerly Dihler
misR.M. Dihler
KEEP THEM FLYING
KNITTING UNIT
3455 chipping
dd
st Lauis mo.
wh
opt
2/1/43
Knitting Unit Makes
The "Keep Them Flying" knit-
q-D
dd
465 Garments In Year
February 1, 1943
ting unit observed its first anni-
versary January 7 at a dinner at
the Rose Bowl. During the year
since the organization of the unit
Stairsom birthday blessings,
which is self sustaining, 465 gar-
ments were knitted. Garments
are sent or given to service men.
The unit has 100 members and Ir. Delany:
way,
meets regularly at 3455 Chippewa
street under the leadership of Mrs.
In the President's behalf, I thank you
Rosemary Dehler, chairman, and
living
Mrs. A. Dabrovolsky, secretary-
treasurer.
much for the kind thought which prompted
you to send him those remembrances and that nice
tome
whell
XPP7 G-P. P.
card of greetings for his birthday.
ca
I have pleasure in conveying to you,
Pennant
too, the President's best wishes.
god Bless
Querica
ny.
Very sincerely yours,
T fraund newspaper
picture The Pres.
Grace G. Tully
Private Secretary
L
Eugene 0. Delany, Esq.,
665 West 160th Street,
New York, N. Y.
permand
dd
who
p.p.t
2/1/43
q-D
Starroom birthday
dd,
February 1, 1943
7
blessings,
My dear Mr. Delany:
leads the way,
In the President's behalf, I thank you
Eving
ever so much for the kind thought which prompted
you to send him those remembrances and that nice
XPP7
card of greetings for his birthday.
tomr
president
whelt
9-P.
ca
I have pleasure in conveying to you,
Pennant
too, the President's best wishes.
From
god Bless
Querica ny.
Very sincerely yours,
T fraund new paper
picture 8ther.
Grace G. Tully
Private Secretary
Tully
L
Eugene 0. Delany, Esq.,
665 West 160th Street,
New York, N. Y.
X
dd
ack
Store
wh
We
2/1/43
her you count your
dd
birthday blessings,
There is one that leads the way,
and it's simply that you're living
In the dear old U.S.A.
to mr. president Roosenelt
of the United State of america
From Eugene 0 Deloriy.
665 w/60 street new york ny.
Very sincerely yours,
Grace G. Tully
Private Secretary
Mrs. Massie Davis,
2248 East 97th Street,
Cleveland,
Ohio.
pl
HAPPY
BIRTHDAY
R.R.H.
MADE IN U.S.A.
O-423
PPF
7
q-D
February 2, 1943
Storeson
My dear Mrs. Davis:
In the President's behalf, I thank
PPF
you ever 80 much for that handwork you sent
9-H
him for his birthday. I can assure you, that
Eddx
he is grateful, too, for the good wishes ex-
X
310
tended in that nice greeting card which ac-
companied it.
Very sincerely yours,
Grace G. Tully
Private Secretary
+
Mrs. Massie Davis,
2248 East 97th Street,
Cleveland,
pl
Ohio.
BIRTHDAY
P.P.,7,
310- - D
Greetings
e President for his birthday.-Sent to
1940
fmf
P.P.7,
310-D
he President for his birthday.-Sent to
A Birthday "Hello!"
1943
fmf
When best wishes
are due you,
To wish you whatever
Brings HAPPINESS
to you!
your Aged a Soldin
DAVIS, Mrs. Massie,
P.P.,7,
Cleveland, Ohio,
February 2, 1943 - ackd.
310-D
Card and handwork sent to the President for his birthday.-Sent to
Storeroom.
See P.P.F. 9-D
fmf
DEPARTMENT
PPI q-D D
February 10, 1943
My dear Mr. Davidson:
The copy of the booklet which you for-
warded to the President has been received. You
XPPF
may be sure that your courtesy is appreciated.
9-B
Very sincerely yours,
M. H. McINTYRE
Secretary to the President
PP7
X 3249
B
Maurice P. Davidson, Esq.,
Davidson and Mann,
122 East 42nd Street,
New York, N. Y.
dd
COMPLIMENTS OF ach
MAURICE P. DAVIDSON 2/10/13
DAVIDSON & MANN
study 122 EAST 42ND dd, STREET
1943
ATTORNEYS AT LAW
NEW
YORK
Respectfully referred to the
p.p.7
State Department for acknowledgment.
9-D
M. H. McINTYRE
eb
Secretary to the President
Letter to the President, (written in Spanish - translated)
Dated - 12/30/42.
From: Pastor del Rio, Secretario General,
Asociacion de Escritores y Artistas,
Aermicanos,
Prado 116, Habana, Cuba. x159-a X
Sends as gift to President copy of publication
entitled "America"; calls attention to portions
xplt g.m 9- M
thereof all very complimentary to the President.
Extends best wishes to the President on behalf
of this publication and of Association of American
Writers and Artists.
a
February 12, 1943
Respectfully referred to the
pp7
State Department for acknowledgment.
9-D
M. H. McINTYRE
eb
Secretary to the President
Letter to the President, (written in Spanish - translated)
Dated - 12/30/42.
From: Pastor del Rio, Secretario General,
Asociacion de Escritores y Artistas,
Aermicanos,
Prado 116, Habana, Cuba. X -159-0
Sends as gift to President copy of publication
entitled "America"; calls attention to portions
xplt g.m
X
thereof all very complimentary to the President.
Extends best wishes to the President on behalf
of this publication and of Association of American
Writers and Artists.
&
O.P-7,
FASLAKIS, Mrs. Theodora,
New York, New York,
9-D
January 27, 1943 - (ackd. 2/8/43).
Let. to President, enclosing $5.00; sent to I.P.F. Also sends him
a doll.
Sent to Storeroom.
See P.P.P. 9-F
fmf
001
POPE, Mrs. Mary,
P.P.7,
Dorchester, Wisconsin,
January 25, 1943 - (ackd. 2/8/43).
9-D
Let. and card of birthday greetings to President, also three crocheted
doilies.--T.A.
See P.P.F. 9-P
fmf
a.
Birth
Security
PP1
q-P
February 9, 1943
TA.
My dear Mrs. Davis:
The President is pleased to know
that you, too, share his birthday and although
belated he asks me to extend to you his best
wishes. He hopes that January thirtieth was
XPP7
a happy occasion for you and your loved ones.
9-E
Protein
Very sincerely yours,
Rx
ask.
Grace G. Tully
Private Secretary
x
Mrs. Emily Davis,
825 N. Walnut,
Litchfield,
Illinois.
pl
3 broken eggs
January27.,1943
ear President Roasivelt 2/9/43
11
my birthday falls 143pl
the same day as yours.
I hope by the time
we celebrate our birthdays
next year, these three
bad eggs will he
Crushed !
many happy returns
of the day
3027
Sincerely
Reid. Broken ack.
Mrs. Emily Davis
825 n. Walnut
TA
Litchfield, Ill.
Fift
+
R. M. Davis, Esq.,
1305 North Quarry Road,
Lynn,
Massachusetts.
dd
ppt
q.D
February 17, 1943
My dear Mr. Davis:
X# 3027
The small volume of Charles Dickens'
A CHRISTMAS CAROL which you were good enough to
* P.Pt
send the President has been received and this
little note conveys his hearty thanks to you
9-B
for your friendly thought.
Please be assured that your contribu-
tion to the Infantile Paralysis Fund is appre-
ciated.
Very sincerely yours,
Grace G. Tully
Private Secretary
+
R. M. Davis, Esq.,
1305 North Quarry Road,
Lynn,
dd
Massachusetts.
Unite
States
Dost
Office
ppt
TEXAS
q.D.
February 26, 1943 Stormoom
My dear Mr. Quill:
It was kind indeed of you to send
on the etching and verse to which you refer
X pp7
in your letter of February sixth. Will you
x616-xyz
not be good enough to convey to Messrs, Earl
9-J
Frank Drew and Floyd D. Jones an expression
+
of the President's cordial thanks and appre-
XPP7 X
ciation of their friendly thought in wanting
9-E
him to have this product of their work.
Very sincerely yours,
Grace 0. Tully
Private Secretary
Y
Honorable Daniel J. Quill,
Postmaster,
San Antonio,
Texas.
mtl
3
2-26-43 2 ack 43
POSTMASTER
United States Post Office
mill
FIRST CLASS
DJQ-ctw.
SAN ANTONIO, TEXAS
February 6, 1943.
Honorable Franklin D. Roosevelt,
President of the United States,
Washington, D. C.
PERSONAL.
My dear Mr. President:
I have been handed etching and poem by Messrs. Earl Frank
Drew and Floyd D. James, of San Antonio, Texas, to be dispatched
to you via Parcel Post.
It is sincerely trusted that you will enjoy seeing it
and keep it as a memento of these times.
With all good wishes always, I am,
Sincerely yours,
Daniel J. Quill,
Postmaster.
February 18, 1943
P.P.7.
Dear Mr. DeBell:
9-D
I regret very much that I have been
so long in sending you this note. That very
beautiful watch which you sent to me has been
received and I am indeed very grateful to you
for your kind thought of me. It is really a
X
most lovely one and I shall enjoy using it.
With much appreciation and every
best wish to you.
Very sincerely yours,
(Sgd)FRANKLIN D. ROOSEVELT
x
Joseph A. DeBell, Esq.,
184 South Hudson Avenue,
Los Angeles,
California.
ggt/tmb
REFER TO FILE No.
RECEIVED
TREASURY DEPARTMENT
Cew
IEF
SECRET
INVICE
FIELD FORCE
UNITED STATES SECRET SERVICE
1943 JAN 11
Los Angeles, California
think Hower
14th DISTRICT
January 5, 1943
m. Ruly if
ADDRESS: P.O. LOCK BOX No. 567
TREASURY
Re: JOSEPH A. DeBELL,
184 South Hudson Avenue,
Los Angeles, California.
Mr. Frank J. Wilson,
(Sender of Gift to President)
Chief, U. S. Secret Service, X21-P
Treasury Department,
Washington, D. C.
watch curtis given Brettiger
Sir:
to
the
In letter dated December 28, 1942, Supervising Agent Reilly ad-
vises that a costly timepiece was received by the President from a Mr. Joseph
A. DeBell, 184 South Hudson Avenue, Los Angeles, California. Supervising
Agent Reilly asks that a discreet, confidential investigation be made to de-
termine the identity of the sender who is not-known to the President.
The address 184 South Hudson Avenue, Los Angeles, California, is a
pretentious home located in an exclusive residential section of the city.
The letter carrier serving this address stated that Joseph A. DeBell is a man
approximately 50 years of age, single, and has lived at this number some ten
years with a Mrs. Louise Hill to whom he is related. The carrier stated Mr.
DeBell is an oil man and contractor and several years ago owned a string of
gasoline service stations in Los Angeles.
Records of the Los Angeles Merchants' Credit Association show that
Mr. DeBell is 49 years of age, born in the Bronx, New York City. He is single
with no dependents. He shows his business as building contractor and oil man
and states he was an oil distributor in Newark, New Jersey, from 1918 to 1924
when he came to California. He was formerly owner of the Go-Gas Gasoline Com-
pany, 8586 Wilshire Blvd., Los Angeles, and from 1931 to 1939 under this name
operated a number of gasoline service stations in Los Angeles and vicinity.
This company no longer exists, and it is reported that Mr. DeBell was com-
pelled to dispose of his holdings to some of the major oil companies. He still
owns and operates a service station at 8074 Melrose Avenue, Los Angeles.
Mr. DeBell claims an income of $10,000 per year for the past ten
years. He shows ownership of a home valued at $12,000 with an encumbrance of
$4,200; owns property at 8686 Beverly Boulevard valued at $25,000 with an en-
cumbrance of $8,000; owns property at 8074 Melrose Avenue, value not stated.
He owns two clear automobiles, a 1941 Cadillac and a 1941 Buick. Mr. DeBell has
a satisfactory bank balance and owns securities, amount not stated. The file
shows record of numerous small suits filed against DeBell, also numerous chat-
tel mortgages by DeBell to numerous individuals, all involving service station
equipment.
To: Chief, 1/5/43
-2-
Re: Joseph A. DeBell
Dunn & Bradstreet's last report on Mr. DeBell is dated November 25,
1941, and he is now carried as an inactive account. He is shown as owner of
the Lotus Oil Company, but this concern is not listed in City or Telephone
Directories. Report shows his financial condition is highly satisfactory and
that he is well spoken of personally and in a business way. Current assets
are shown as $70,000, total assets $380,000.
The current Los Angeles City Directory merely lists Joseph A. DeBell
as residing at 184 South Hudson Avenue, Los Angeles. No telephone is listed
in his name. No registration was found for Mr. DeBell at the office of the
Registrar of Voters of Los Angeles County.
Very truly yours,
Fred C. Wasson
FCW:EJB
Agent
Approved:
Arthur arthur Mrube F. Grube
W-
Agent in Charge
Approved:
Thomastrole
Thomas B. Foster
Supervising Agent
Orig. & 1 cc: Chief
cc: SA, San Francisco
RECEIVED
HIEF SECRET SERVICE
14th
1943
JAN
11
PM
Los
Angeles,
California
January 5, 1943
567
TREASURY
DEPARTMEN
Re:
JOSEPH
A.
DeBELL,
184 South Hudson Avenue,
Los Angeles, California.
Mr. Frank J. Wilson,
(Sender of Gift to President)
Chief, U. S. Secret Service,
Treasury Department,
Washington, D. C.
Sir:
In letter dated December 28, 1942, Supervising Agent Reilly ad-
vises that a costly timepiece was received by the President from a Mr. Joseph
A. DeBell, 184 South Hudson Avenue, Los Angeles, California. Supervising
Agent Reilly asks that a discreet, confidential investigation be made to de-
termine the identity of the sender who is not known to the President.
The address 184 South Hudson Avenue, Los Angeles, California, is a
pretentious home located in an exclusive residential section of the city.
The letter carrier serving this address stated that Joseph A. DeBell is a man
approximately 50 years of age, single, and has lived at this number some ten
years with a Mrs. Louise Hill to whom he is related. The carrier stated Mr.
DeBell is an oil man and contractor and several years ago owned a string of
gasoline service stations in Los Angeles.
Records of the Los Angeles Merchants' Credit Association show that
Mr. DeBell is 49 years of age, born in the Bronx, New York City. He is single
with no dependents. He shows his business as building contractor and oil man
and states he was an oil distributor in Newark, New Jersey, from 1918 to 1924
when he came to California. He was formerly owner of the Go-Gas Gasoline Com-
pany, 8586 Wilshire Blvd., Los Angeles, and from 1931 to 1939 under this name
operated a number of gasoline service stations in Los Angeles and vicinity.
This company no longer exists, and it is reported that Mr. DeBell was com-
pelled to dispose of his holdings to some of the major oil companies. He still
owns and operates & service station at 8074 Melrose Avenue, Los Angeles.
Mr. DeBell claims an income of $10,000 per year for the past ten
years. He shows ownership of a home valued at $12,000 with an encumbrance of
$4,200; owns property at 8686 Beverly Boulevard valued at $25,000 with an on-
cumbrance of $8,000; owns property at 8074 Melrose Avenue, value not stated.
He owns two clear automobiles, a 1941 Cadillac and a 1941 Buick. Mr. DeBell has
a satisfactory bank balance and owns securities, amount not stated. The file
shows record of numerous small suits filed against DeBell, also numerous chat-
tel mortgages by DeBell to numerous individuals, all involving service station
equipment.
To: Chief, 1/5/43
-2-
Re: Joseph A. DeBell
Dunn & Bradstreet's last report on Mr. DeBell is dated November 25,
1941, and he is now carried as an inactive account. He is shown as owner of
the Lotus Oil Company, but this concern is not listed in City or Telephone
Directories. Report shows his financial condition is highly satisfactory and
that he is well spoken of personally and in a business way. Current assets
are shown as $70,000, total assets $380,000.
The current Los Angeles City Directory merely lists Joseph A. DeBell
as residing at 184 South Hudson Avenue, Los Angeles. No telephone is listed
in his name. No registration was found for Mr. DeBell at the office of the
Registrar of Voters of Los Angeles County.
Very truly yours,
Fred 0. Wasson
FOW:EJB
Agent
Approved:
Arthur Grube Arthur F. Grube
RECEIVED
JAN
Agent in Charge
Approved:
Thomas B. Foster
Supervising Agent
Percisco
Orig. & 1 00: Chief
00: SA, San Francisco
December 28, 1942
WHITE HOUSE DETAIL
Mr. Arthur F. Grube,
Agent in Charge
Los Angeles, Calif.
Dear Sir:
For your information a costly timepiece was received by the
President from a Mr. Joseph A. DeBell, 184 South Hudson Avenue,
Los Angeles, California.
Christmas
The President does not know the sender, and I have been
requested to have a discreet, confidential investigation con-
ducted to determine the identity of the sender. It is imperative
that the sender not learn he is being investigated by the Secret
Service.
Very
Very truly yours,
Michael F. Reilly,
MFR/hl
Drace
D.
Supervising Agent
CC SA, San Francisco
Private Becretary
AIR MAIL
Dodge,
Req.,
The
&
1943
the
Christmas Greetings
may
courtesy is
appreciated.
Very sincerely yours,
X pet
9-B
Grace G. Tully
Private Secretary
Arthur J. Dodge, Esq.,
372 - The Portner,
Washington, D. C.
cap
the President:
Please except enclosed watch
in token of my admiration for
S2
as Treetings and best wishes
is doing to pee the
the great work His Epallincy
3
for Christmas
I pray to Pod that The President
and the New Year
may have health, strength and
strenuous work.
long life to continue his
with Sincere greetings.
Sincerely,BeRell
Joseph
courtesy 18
appreciated.
Very sincerely yours,
X pet
9-B
Grace G. Tully
Private Secretary
Arthur J. Dodge, Esq.,
372 - The Portner,
Washington, D. C.
cap
B
P.P.7
9-D
February 22, 1943
My dear Mr. Dodge:
It was kind of you to send the
President a copy of your story. You may
be sure that your thoughtful courtesy is
appreciated.
Very sincerely yours,
XPP7 X
9-B
Grace G. Tully
Private Secretary
Arthur J. Dodge, Esq.,
372 - The Portner,
Washington, D. C.
cap
Complanents F
The Aultor
7
you
A Short Story
to
02
of
NEWSPAPERS
NEWSP APERMEN
and
8
NEWSPAPERMEN'S CLUBS
In the Life of
THE NATIONAL CAPITAL
B
dd
By
ARTHUR J. DODGE
Washington Correspondent from 1887
President National Press Club, 1910-1911
, Buenos Aires,
n Cooperation"
WASHINGTON, D.C.
1942
A Short Story of
NEWSPAPERS, NEWSPAPERMEN
and
NEWSPAPERMEN'S CLUBS
In the Life of
THE NATIONAL CAPITAL
ARTHUR J. DODGE-Washington Correspon-
By
dent, 1887-1890. Editor Wisconsin State Journal,
Madison, 1890-1894; Editorial Writer, Milwaukee
ARTHUR J. DODGE
Sentinel, 1894-1895. Washington Correspondent,
Milwaukee Sentinel, St. Paul Pioneer Press, Vari-
ous Trade Publications, 1895-1916. Member
Standing Committee, Galleries of Congress, 1905-
1906. L.L.B. George Washington University, 1901.
L.L.M. National University, 1902. Member Grid-
"The Press of our country is free because the Constitution
iron Club since 1906. Public Relations, U. S.
guarantees its freedom. If that provision were struck out from our
Department of Justice, 1926-1933. Special At-
fundamental law, the press would not remain free for an hour.
As an obligation, coupled with the very greatest self-interest, the
torney, U. S. Department of Justice, 1941-19-.
press ought always to stand as a supporter of the Constitution and
Author-"Protection vs. Free Trade," 1888.
as the finest advocate of a reign of law."-From the Address of
Address, "Editorial Character," before Wisconsin
President Calvin Coolidge, delivered at the Corner Stone Laying
Editorial Association, 1892. Newspaper Serials,
Ceremonies of the National Press Building, April 8, 1926.
"History of Gold and Silver Money," "Paper Cur-
rency in the United States," 1896-1898. Mono-
graph, "Admission of Wisconsin to Statehood,"
1898. "Financial Problems," 1903. "The Vital
Issue Before the American People," 1908. "The
Folly of Free Trade," Moody's Magazine, 1909.
WASHINGTON, D.C.
"Self Education of An Industrial Secretary," 1917.
1942
"Denver As An Industrial City," 1923. "Origin
and Development of the U.S. Department of
Justice," 1929. "Miscellaneous Sidelights on
Shakespearean Literature," 1941.
IN THE EARLIEST DAYS
In the beginning there was war and politics. One was the begetter
of the other. All down through the years, from the time, in 1800, when
Washington City became the Capital of the nation, the influences of
war and politics have been very much felt in the growth and develop-
ment of the City. The population of Washington was swelled by a few
thousands, after the early wars, and by many thousands in the wars of
recent years. And politics has been of the meat on which the city feeds,
and largely influential in the growth of the place.
From the very first hour that thought was given to the establishment
of a National home for the new American Republic, down to the present
day, the newspapers of the country have had an important, if not a con-
trolling part in shaping the destinies of this Nation which, from the small
beginnings, in 1789, has come to be the mightiest and most influential
political entity in the world.
There is every reason to believe that a chance meeting between Alex-
andria Hamilton and Thomas Jefferson on the sidewalk in front of the
residence occupied by President Washington in the City of New York,
then the Capital, for the time being, of the new Nation, fixed the future
home of its capital city on the banks of the Potomac River, in a ten-mile-
square area, made up in part of Maryland and in part of Virginia soils.
It is reasonable to speak of that meeting as a chance affair. Those notable
figures, in the beginning of the nation's life, were obliged to meet in the
sessions of the President's Cabinet, of which they were members, but it is
doubtful that from choice they met in the social or political life of the
time. They were personally as far apart in their every day life as they
were in their ideas of Government and the political and economic life, or
in their hopes and ambitions for the people. The differences of opinion
and beliefs of these men and their followers have come down through the
years, and have been the guiding and controlling factors in our national
life. The Federalist and Aristocrat-the Democrat and Homespun. The
different ideas of these men were at the forefront of the debates in the
then and later Congresses of the new Nation, and those ideas came to
the surface in that morning meeting in front of the temporary residence
of General Washington. A project very dear to the heart of Hamilton,
as Secretary of the Treasury, had just suffered defeat by a vote in the
Congress. That project was the proposed assumption by the new Federal
Government of the debts incurred by the individual states in prosecuting
the War for Independence. Hamilton believed that if those debts were not
taken over by the new Federal Government such heavy burdens of debt
upon the individual States would engender insidious seeds of disunion
which would imperil the very life of the new Union of States. It is
reasonable to assume that Hamilton's mind that morning was busy with
"what to do"?
Then along came Jefferson to supply the answer. It was framed for
him by the alert and far-seeing Hamilton, who opened the conversation
3
with Jefferson by telling him of the defeat of the "assumption plan" in the
of the First Congress. Then came a period of ten years during which the
Congress and of what he (Hamilton) believed to be the greatest menace
physical foundations were laid for the capital of the new nation on the
to the new nation. Jefferson protested his lack of information upon the
site to be named for "The Father of his Country".
question, but admitted grave concern about any ideas that might threaten
the union of the states. Hamilton then opened up his "What to do?" He
In many respects the location of the Capital is delightful. Midway
reminded Jefferson that a number of members of Congress from the South-
between the Atlantic Ocean and the first of the ranges of mountains which
ern States had opposed "assumption", but, perhaps, on "second thought"
span the country from the North to the South across the Western reaches,
they might be made to see their way to change their votes. What would
its climate is tempered by the breezes from the sea on the East and from
induce that "second thought"?
the mountains on the West. Physically, the site selected was all that could
be desired. The natural hills, or at least high ground, dotted spacious
For many weeks there had been under discussion in Congress the plan
plains along the shores of the Potomac River, which threads the land-
for locating the Capital of the new nation. Opinions were much divided.
scape with its silvery line marking the natural boundary between the North
The Southern States Members, generally, favored a location toward the
and the South, and flowing like a dream between the peoples of the two
South. Baltimore was such a site, which had some support, but those
sections where, from the beginning, were the "cavalier" people of the
who did not want the Capital located in a large commercial city favored
South and the rugged "Puritans" of the North. What a site for a political
"a point on the Potomac". The Members from the Northern States were
center of the new nation! Almost midway between the centers of the political
divided between New York and Philadelphia, but those who opposed any
and economic life, typical of the old South, such as Charleston, S. C., and
large city site favored a point on the Delaware River, on the Susque-
Philadelphia, one of the industrial centers representative of the mighty
hanna, or any similar location.
North; and, only 40 miles from a representative city of Southern political
feeling, Northern industrial activity and economic progress, Baltimore.
It was then that the shrewdness of Hamilton asserted itself. If a few
It was to have been expected, amid such surroundings and influenced by
Southern members could see their way to change their votes and "go for
the representatives of the conflicting thoughts and emotions of the leaders
assumption" he, Hamilton, believed that a sufficient number of Northern
from the various sections, that the intellectual vigor of the South should
States members could be induced to vote for a Potomac River site, or
find expression in the question of the location of the Capital, as well as in
some such locality favored by the Southern States Members. You can
all of the controlling economic and political problems of the day. There
see Tom Jefferson rising to that bait like a bass to a fly in June time!
it was that the political and economic ideas of James Madison, George
He did not wait for Hamilton to suggest what to do. Tom Jefferson, al-
Mason, Thomas Jefferson, and Patrick Henry, met in the active arena of
though later exhibiting a "small streak" by alleging that Hamilton had
forensic debate with John Adams, Alexander Hamilton, Robert Morris,
"outwitted" him-Jefferson proposed that he would give a dinner to which
John Jay, and Elbridge Gerry of the North, with those cool and careful
would be invited the right men for the right results. The story is told that
holders of the balance, the stabilizers of the time, George Washington
the right members of the Southern contingent, with considerable reluc-
and John Marshall who looked beyond the peaceful life of the planters to
tance, agreed to make the change. The Northern votes were delivered
the wide horizon of the industrial progress of a mighty and resourceful
for the "point on the Potomac" for the Capital. You can see between the
nation of free and progressive citizenry to be. But right there, are to
lines of the plan how pleased Washington and Jefferson were with the
be seen the breeding grounds of conflicting ideas which made this Capital
result. The "assumption" bill was saved-and the union of the States.
a center of political discussion that has been, and still is, the lifeblood and
Newspaper writers in those days had a chance to tell the story of what
interest of the newspaper press, which was born with the Capital itself
compromises will do in a stressful time. The compromise, as agreed upon,
and the Nation for which it stands.
carried the point that the Capital should remain in Philadelphia for ten
years. That gave time for the building of the Capitol on the Potomac
The beginnings of newspapers in Washington accompanied the estab-
lishment of the Federal Government in the Capital City. When the Federal
site, and the moving of the Government thereto in 1800.
Government gathered together its "lares and penates" to move from the
City of Philadelphia to the proposed site of the new Federal City, amid
a forest, on the banks of the Potomac River, a newspaper and its working
LOCATION OF THE FEDERAL CITY
force of editors, printers and printing plant all joined in the move, and
took up an abode in the new National Capital.
For about 140 of the 150 years covering the life of the Republic
the City of Washington has been the center of its national and interna-
Of the 140 years of Washington's existence as the Capital, nearly 100
tional affairs. Momentous issues which began with the War for the In-
years have witnessed the activities of journalistic reporting of the doings
dependence of the Colonial States of America were followed, in a few years,
of Congress, and of the government departments, much in the manner
by the adoption of the Constitution of the United States and the meeting
in which it is done today. Of course, the beginnings were small and only
5
4
a scattered few of the leading newspapers of the country, prior to 1860
and the outbreak of the Civil War, had their representatives correspon-
under different management. The early days of the City also witnessed
dents here, notably, journals in New York, Boston, Philadelphia and Bal-
the establishment of a paper known as The Globe, another, The Tele-
timore. With the growth of the West and the development of the impor-
graph, and another, The Madisonian. These journals were practically
tant centers of industry and commerce at Chicago, on the Great Lakes, at
personal organs of the then leaders in politics, notably The Globe, under
Cincinnati, on the Ohio River, and St. Louis on the Mississippi, there were
the editorial management of Francis P. Blair, Sr., an able and enthusiastic
developed newspapers which, soon after being created, sent representative
supporter of Andrew Jackson, while The Telegraph, under the manage-
correspondents to the Nation's Capital to report upon National and In-
ment of Duff Green, was equally active in support of John C. Calhoun.
ternational affairs.
Later came various papers such as The Republican, and other and smaller
From the earliest days in the history of the new Nation writing men,
journals, which flitted their hour upon the stage, and then passed away to
whether as editors of the then small and comparatively insignificant peri-
make room for The Evening Star, The Post, The Herald, The Times and
odicals, or the leading men of the day, notably Benjamin Franklin, Alex-
The News, the journals of today.
ander Hamilton, James Madison, John Jay, Thomas Jefferson and others,
The history of the various periodicals, weekly and daily, that were
frequently penned for the publications of the time critical comments upon
born, survived for a greater or shorter length of time, and then passed
public men and measures. Small and unimportant as were the periodicals
into the limbo of forgotten things, would fill a book of moderate size.
of those days, they were utilized by Hamilton, Madison and Jay as the
From the earliest days, down to the establishment of The Star, in 1852,
receptacles into which were poured those fundamental treatises on govern-
and The Post, in 1877, the roster contained the names of The West Ga-
ment, and elaborate expoundings of the proposed Constitution of the
zette, started in Georgetown, by Benjamin Moore, in 1796, before the
United States, the papers of "The Federalist," which then were, and ever
National Intelligencer, established by Samuel Harrison Smith, in 1800.
since have been, recognized as the chief influential instruments which in-
The equipment for this latter paper, which withstood the storm and stress
duced the small and scattered Colonial States to unite in the formation
of Washington newspaper life for more than sixty years, was transported
of the new Republic.
to the then new "Federal City," to be on hand at the beginning, by a sailing
vessel from Philadelphia. The coming of the plant was long delayed by
Very early in the life of the Nation writing men became associated in
storms at sea, but arrived in time to record the removal of the Capital to
one way or another with the Executive departments of the government,
Washington. In the next ten years there witnessed the beginning, and
and, as was the custom in those days, over thinly disguised nom de plumes,
ofttimes the ending, of that many newspapers. The Cabinet, by J. Lyon,
they engaged in writing for the public prints in criticism or commendation
in 1801, followed by The Atlantic World, by John Wood, The Washing-
of the work of the new Congress and of the heads of the new Executive
ton Expositor, by Denmore J. Cooper, The Monitor, by J. R. Colvin, The
departments. For the most part, in those days, and for many years there-
Spirit of '76 by James R. Carter, followed, in 1816, by The National
after, even down to the time of the establishment of rapid communication
Register, by Joel K. Mead. Then came the first Washington Critic, by M.
by telegraph and steam railroads, say in the Thirties, the comment upon
Wright, in 1818, and in 1820, The Metropolitan, by Wm. Alex Reid, Jr.
the workings of the Congress and the Executive departments of the govern-
There were The Calendar, by William Force, The Washington Republican,
ment were made by the editors of the periodicals of the time. Compara-
by John Agy, The Columbian Star, by Anderson and Meehan, The African
tively little was done in the way of actual reportorial reproductions of the
Repository, (the first colored people's paper) by Rev. R. R. Gurley, The
doings of the new government. When the Nation was formed, in fact
United States Telegraph, significantly forecasting by its name the coming
for the first 40 years of its life, the land and water transportation was of
of the telegraph for transmitting information; The Globe, by Francis P.
primitive type, stage coaches and sailing vessels, and communications from
Blair, and The Political Register, by Duff Green. The notable journals
one state of the Union to another required from a week to four or five
of later years included the names of substantial papers, some of which
weeks for dissemination. When the first Congress held its sessions in
are recorded herein, coming down to the present day. The Evening Star,
Philadelphia, in 1789, only two newspaper writers were engaged in re-
established in 1852, had for many years as its sponsors George W. Adams,
porting the daily proceedings of the body.
Crosby S. Noyes and Samuel H. Kauffmann. The Post, founded in 1877
by Stillson Hutchins, The Capital, founded by Don Piatt, The Hatchet,
EARLY NEWSPAPERS AND WRITERS
established in 1884 by Brady, Helm and Heath.
With the transfer of the Federal government from Philadelphia to
During the times which covered practically the first 50 years of the
Washington, in 1800, there was brought to the new Federal City the equip-
life of the Federal City, the current events in International and National
ment requisite for the establishment of a newspaper, the National Intelli-
affairs were reported and commented upon chiefly by the editors of these
gencer. This paper lived for many years and was, from time to time,
publications, personally, and the reporting of actual events was but spar-
ingly done by any of the public journals. There being no telegraphic
6
7
before about 1840, the correspondence from other cities printed
Federal affairs to the people of the States, came with the rise of conflict-
publications, and the reports sent out from Washington to other
ing opinions and the political and social excitement which preceded the
carried by the mails.
war between the states, in the latter part of the fifties. There were then
became recognized that the character of newspaper work in
located in Washington as writers for their respective papers, Whitelaw
especially correspondence covering world as well as national
Reid, representing The Cincinnati Gazette; Murat Halstead of The Cin-
required special qualifications, chiefly that of familiarity with
cinnati Commercial; Horace White of The Chicago Tribune; Uriah H.
problems and the principal questions involved in the affairs
Painter of the Philadelphia Inquirer; Ben: Perley Poore of The Boston
National Capital, such as war activities, National finances, the
Journal; L. A. Gobright of the Associated Press; John Russell Young of
whether by customs duties or by internal revenue taxation, and
The New York Tribune, and a few others. All of these men became famous
of questions which are considered by the Executive and his
as writers upon public affairs or as editors of great journals which con-
and the two houses of Congress. In all the years which have
tributed much to the formation of public opinion. Probably the one news
those immediately preceding and after the Civil War, the quali-
writer who began in the early days of the Republic and spent the longest
of writers in Washington have been along the lines dealing in
time in the service of newspapers at the National Capital, was L. A. Go-
and national affairs.
bright, who entered upon his newspaper career in Washington in the
early "thirties," during the second administration of Andrew Jackson.
It is recorded that from then down to the days following the Civil War,
CAPITAL NEWSPAPER MEN
there were periods when Gobright was practically the only newspaper
writer in continuous service at the Capital. For more than 40 years he
special qualifications of newspaper correspondents were soon
was a Washington correspondent, and among his works was the report-
include adaptability for ascertaining the sources of the news of
ing of the assassination of Abraham Lincoln. Gobright wrote news out
and special aptitude for obtaining the confidence of public
of Washington regarding the progress of the Civil War, the attempted im-
was these characteristics which early had an influence in develop-
peachment of Andrew Johnson and through part of the first administra-
line of prominent writers and effective news gatherers, who
tion of U.S. Grant. During the long span of his service he wrote regard-
at all times a high standard of journalistic ethics, and who
ing the attempted assassination of President Andrew Jackson, and he
such confidential relations with public men that they frequently
recorded the death of John Marshall, Chief Justice of the United States in
with detailed information concerning important policies to
1835. Mr. Gobright departed this life in Washington, on May 14, 1881.
was imparted to them, not for the purpose of spreading such
before the public, but as background which necessarily ex-
The development of the modern daily newspaper began in the "thirties"
public information and gives a clear foundation for such
with the work of Horace Greeley, James Gordon Bennett, Sr., and Henry
when made public by newspaper men. The writer at the
J. Raymond as the founders or editors of what came to be great journals
therefore, who came to be recognized as reliable and careful in
in the City of New York, The Tribune, The Herald and The Times. In
of news, became not only influential in his writings, but a
periods of great popular interest in public affairs, these men frequently
strength to the publication he represented. The high standards
came to Washington and personally examined public questions which were
blished have been maintained to the present day. This is best
agitating the minds of the people, and from here sent to their respective
by the fact that leading men in the administrative and legisla-
journals observations and critical comments, written according to their
of the government come to know the writers upon whom
individual views on the issues of the day. Greeley and Raymond served
with full confidence rely, and the offices of such leaders,
short terms in Congress and while here contributed to their newspapers
in the executive departments or in the halls of Congress, have
comments upon the affairs which engaged the attention of the legislators
to the high-standard writers upon public affairs in Washington.
and the executive officers of the government.
only to scan the lists herein recorded to observe how many there
the Washington writers of the earlier years who attained fame
Among other writers who were known to have visited Washington in
standing in the newspaper life of the country.
those early days, and remained here for differing periods of time, collect-
ing material for the publications for which their styles of writing were
importance and influence of journalistic representation at the seat
especially adapted, were Samuel L. Clemens (Mark Twain), and Francis
is recognized wherever there are legislative and executive
Bret Harte, Joaquin Miller and Walt Whitman. In later times the roster of
of government, whether in the National domain, in the various
writers upon public affairs in Washington exhibits the names of such
the Union or in the important states of other lands.
giants of the pen as Don Piatt, Chas. A. Dana, Henry Watterson, George
earliest record of names which became household words to the
Alfred Townsend, John W. Forney, T. C. Crawford, Stillson Hutchins,
people as writers upon government, and upon the relations of
John Hay, Henry Adams, Joseph B. McCullagh and many others.
9
8
It is not easy in these days of rapid communication by the air, through
the radio and the airplane, for one to realize how difficult it was in the
President Johnson and the Republican leaders in Congress, and the re-
early days to reach the thinly populated places in the states along the
construction policies instituted for the Southern states, the number of
Atlantic seaboard, when there was available only the slow and infrequent
correspondents in the galleries of Congress increased to 49. Among those
mail service by stage on land and slower boats on the water.
listed at that time were the following:
C. S. Noyes, Washington Star; J. R. Young, New York Tribune; L. L.
EARLY ROSTER OF WASHINGTON WRITERS
Crounse, New York Times; H. V. Boynton, Western Republican Press;
Horace White, Chicago Tribune; W. B. Shaw, Boston Transcript; F. A.
The Civil War period, 1861 to 1865, brought to Washington an in-
Richardson, Baltimore Associated Press, and J. B. McCullagh, Cincinnati
creasing number of representatives of the press. In 1860-61 there had
Commercial. There were at this time 20 offices of newspaper correspond-
been arranged, in both houses of Congress, a number of desks assigned
ents all located on what was long known as "Newspaper Row," on the east
to regular correspondents of the press. The fact that with the opening
side of Fourteenth Street, between Pennsylvania Avenue and F Street,
of the first Congress, and for a number of years thereafter, the sessions of
except the New York Associated Press, which was at 432 Pennsylvania
the Senate were secret, and all attempts to open the sessions to the public
Avenue, and The Boston Post, at 215 F Street, Northwest.
were defeated, caused a strong adverse opinion as to publicity of the
doings of that body, or comment upon the records of the senators. In
BEGINNING OF CLUB ORGANIZATIONS
1802, two years after the transfer of the Federal government to Washing-
ton, it was by a close vote of 16 to 12 that the Senate adopted a resolu-
At this time, namely, on March 7, 1867, there came into being the
tion making accessible to the news writers the hall of the Senate. In the
first recorded establishment of a club oganization of Washington news-
beginning of the Civil war period there were listed as correspondents at
papermen. It was not a press Club, but was specifically designated as
the Capitol the following:
"The Washington Correspondents' Club," with twenty-five members, about
J. L. Crosby, New York Associated Press; A. S. Mitchell, New York
half the number then registered in the press galleries of Congress. The
Washington Star, March 7, 1867, records:
Times; U. H. Painter, Philadelphia Inquirer; L. A. Whiteley, New York
Herald; G. W. Adams, New York World; A. R. Spofford, (later, and for
"A special meeting was held in the Tribune Rooms (467 Fourteenth Street,
N. W.) for the purpose of perfecting the organization. A constitution and
many years, the librarian of the Library of Congress:) Cincinnati Com-
by-laws were adopted. Mr. J. R. Mcfarland of The Washington Chronicle
mercial; Ben: Perley Poore, Boston Journal; J. R. Young, Philadelphia
and Mr. P. R. Brooke of Tne New York Times, were added to the executive
Press; and L. A. Gobright, Associated Press.
committee, and a number of new members were elected. The Club is now
fully organized and starts upon its career under most favorable auspices. The
Records have been made showing the growth of the Washington cor-
officers are: L. A. Gobright, of the New York Associated Press, President;
respondents' corps from a period about 1823, when additional press
G. W. Adams, of The New York World, First Vice President; J. B. Mc-
facilities were established at the Capitol. In 1827 there came here as the
Cullough of The Cincinnati Commercial, Second Vice President; Crosby S.
Noyes of The Star, Secretary, and L. L. Crounse of the New York Times,
first accredited correspondent of a New York newspaper, James Gordon
Treasurer. The Executive Committee is composed as follows: W.B. Shaw of
Bennett, senior, later the founder of The New York Herald. Mr. Bennett
The Boston Transcript, and James R. Young, of The New York Tribune, B. K.
was the correspondent for The New York Enquirer. This assignment was
Elliott, of The New York Express, W. W. Worden of The Baltimore Sun,
referred to (Hudson's History of Journalism) as a "new feature." Mr.
J. W. Fitch, of The Boston Post, J. Macfarland of The Washington Chronicle,
and P. R. Brooke, of The New York Times.
Bennett sent letters to his paper in New York, and signalized his service by
instituting a campaign for the nomination of Martin Van Buren for
The constitution of this organization declared among its purposes,
president of the United States. A few years later, certainly by 1839, the
"To secure the advantages of organization, and for the cultivation of
local news gatherers in Washington had access to the floors of the two
fraternal sentiment." The chief function of this club, during the few
houses of Congress, and in 1857 a gallery for the correspondents was
years of its existence, was (Bryan's History of the National Capital) "an
created in the House over the rear of the Speaker's rostrum. The cor-
annual dinner where its friends were entertained." A month after this
respondents asked for further privileges in the Senate. There yet was
club was organized, it was indicated by the action of the body that it held
some hostility to them in that body, but it was finally contended by the
within its being the germ of the same idea which later entered the Na-
Senators that the presence of the press representatives was a "benefit rather
tional Press Club of this day, namely, the bringing into its membership
than a source of harm," and gallery privileges were provided in that
notable men who had gained fame as writers, or prominence in the of-
body.
ficial or business life of the National Capital. On Saturday, April 27,
1867, (recorded in the National Intelligencer of April 29, 1867)
In the closing days of the Civil War, and in the excitement that
"At a meeting of the Washington Correspondents Club, held in the office of
followed the assassination of President Lincoln, the conflicts between
The New York Tribune, there were elected as members of the elub a number
10
11
men prominent in official and business life in Washington, who at one time
At different times, following the establishment of the first Press Club
were Washington correspondents and whose election to the Correspondents'
Club was based upon their eminence in journalism or in other professions.
in Washington, there were long periods when no such organization
Among these were Schuyler Colfax, Speaker of the House of Representatives,
existed. There had been small and feeble organizations, created from
B. Anthony, United States Senator from Rhode Island, John Russell Young,
time to time, having no aims higher than mere sociability or entertainment,
Managing Editor of the New York Tribune and Henry D. Cook, President of
often without facilities for the enjoyment of either. The earlier organi-
he First National Bank of Washington, D. C."
zations, it appears, were associations only, without meeting places, except
in the various newspaper offices, and with no arrangements for recrea-
tion which more modern clubs afford, nor comfortable quarters where the
THE FIRST PRESS CLUB
members might assemble and indulge in comments regarding the acts,
soon became evident to the Washington newspapermen of that day
serious or otherwise, of the members of the two houses of Congress, or of
"a correspondents' club" did not meet their ideas of what was re-
the executive heads of the various administrative branches of the govern-
by the writers in the National Capital. Perhaps they thought a
ment. After the rise and passing of the club of 1867, there is no ascer-
made up of "correspondents" only was too exclusive and not fittingly
tainable record of any similar organization existing until about 1883.
At that time there was organized a semblance of a club, a small affair, but
resentative of the press of the Capital. At all events, it is recorded that
seven months after the "Correspondents' Club" was formed, a
which attempted to supply a meeting place and facilities for recreation.
This club was located at 1410, the south side of Pennsylvania Avenue,
ement was started to bring about the establishment of a "Press Club"
between Fourteenth and Fifteenth Streets, where all of the buildings which
Washington, the first organization of that name known to the history
existed in those days have been removed to make way for the present
Washington. Thus it was that on Thursday, September 19, 1867, the
Federal Department of Commerce. The precise date of the demise of the
ional Intelligencer gave an account of the organization of "the first
Press Club of 1867 has not been recorded, for in such matters the birth
press club" of Washington, as follows:
is attended by some marks of glory, while the passing is left to the silent
"According to announcement made, the editors and reporters connected
and unrecorded dropping of a tear, if it were worthy of so much mourning.
with the several papers of the city assembled at the reporters' room of the
National Republican office at 4 o'clock yesterday afternoon, quite a number of
The next venture in the realm of press clubdom was that of 1883, the
Knights of the pencil' being present, and all of the daily papers of the city
exact date not being ascertainable from the extant records. It was in
eing represented. Mr. C. S. Noyes, of the Star, and Mr. Dunn, of the Re-
existence in 1884-5, and at a location on Pennsylvania Avenue, No. 1410,
publican, were the representatives of the higher order in the editorial fraternity.
"Mr. Arthur Shepherd, of the National Intelligencer, called the meeting to
in the rear of the offices then occupied, as they were for many years, by
order, and on his motion Mr. John C. Proctor, of The National Republican,
the Baltimore American. The chief moving spirit in this club was Frank
vas elected temporary president, and Mr. R. F. Boiseau, of The Evening Star,
H. Truesdell, who was at various times connected with different papers
nade secretary. Mr. J. H. Sprigman stated the object of the meeting to be
and with the then existing press associations. The officers of this organiza-
organize an association to be composed of the editorial and reportorial corps
tion, which bore the modest name of "Washington Press Club," were
the several papers of the city, the object of said association to be the promo-
of better acquaintanceship and good feeling between these reporters of the
recorded in the Washington Evening Star of December 10, 1883:
press, and moved that a committee be appointed to prepare suitable rules of
"The Washington Press Club elected officers for the ensuing year, as follows:
government for the association. The motion was adopted, and Messrs. J. H.
President-E. W. Brady, Washington Critic.
Sprigman, of The Republican; Arthur Shepherd, of The Intelligencer; F. G.
First Vice President-C. F. Towle, Boston Traveller.
Nantz, of The Union; James Crogan, of The Star; Oscar K. Harris, of The
Second Vice President-H. F. Godwin, Washington Star.
Express; George Curtiss, of The Chronicle; and John C. Proctor were ap-
Third Vice President-P. V. DeGraw, United Press.
pointed such committee.
Treasurer-Frank H. Truesdell-Baltimore American.
"On motion, the following gentlemen were appointed a committee to select
Secretary-E. Ringwalt, United Press.
fficers for the association: H. A. Preston, Intelligencer; N. Sardo, Republi-
Corresponding Secretary-T. J. Biven.
William R. Collins, Star; F. G. Nantz, Union; and S. V. Noyes, Express.
Executive Committee-
"Mr. John C. Proctor was formally elected the first president of the Club.
Chas. F. Towle, Boston Traveler, Chairman;
"The meeting then adjourned to meet at the call of the committee on rules.
John P. Miller, Baltimore Sun:
"An incident of the meeting was the fact that there were three gentlemen
H. L. West, Washington Post;
present who had commenced their reportorial life on The National Republican,
F.T. Howe, Pittsburgh Commercial Gazette;
nd a good deal of amusement was created by their looking through the files
John Boyle, Wall Street Journal;
The Republican, to find out the first items that they ever wrote. One of
P. V. Degraw, United Press;
he parties discovered an 'item' that he had written which he said 'had never
A. J. Clarke, New York Tribune;
happened' and proved to be a little speech which purported to have been
E. M. Hood, Associated Press;
poken by an officer at the fire at Willard's Hotel shortly after the commence-
H. P. Godwin, Washington Star.
of the war. This announcement, and the fact that the article had gone the
There is no record that this club survived beyond the year 1887. In
around." counds of newspapers throughout the country, caused a hearty laugh all
1885 a writer, in sending correspondence to The Journalist, a New York
13
12
periodical of the time, records the birth of the Gridiron Club. On March
delphia Evening Star, and Charles F. Towle, of The Boston Traveller.
12, 1887, in commenting upon a successful dinner given by that organiza-
During the year 1885, eight new members were elected, making a total
tion, this writer speaks of it as "the only harmonious club of newspaper-
of 40, the then fixed limit of the number of active members, which re-
men in Washington."
mained at that figure for about thirty years, when the limit was increased
The Washington Press Club had a meeting place, some facilities for
to 50, and has so remained down to the present day.
recreation in a small way, but beyond giving a moonlight excursion in
The limit of the number of active members in the Gridiron Club; the
one year of its short life, it appears not to have greatly ruffled the journal-
requirement that a candidate for active membership in the club must have
istic seas of the Capital, and its passing was unnoticed except a refer-
been engaged in active press gallery newspaper work in Washington for
ence to it as "the Press Club of 1883," at the time when it was proposed,
a period of at least two years; that a protest in writing by two active
in 1890, to create a Press Club which, it was hoped, would be responsive
members must result in the withdrawal of a name proposed for member-
to the needs of the newspaper of the city.
ship-all of these conditions and limitations have contributed to make for
the strength of the Gridiron Club and has resulted in there being, at all
times, a waiting list of candidates proposed, and to be ballotted upon, for
A NEWSPAPERMEN'S CLUB
entry into the club membership.
While the Press Club of 1883 was wavering between success and
In addition to the 50 active members of the club there are about 12 or
failure, in the year 1885, another newspaper club, not a press club in the
15 so-called "limited members," who may or may not be, or have been,
generally accepted sense, but a club of newspapermen, came into existence.
newspapermen, but who are elected for their proficiency as singers and
No account of the doings of Washington newspapermen, during the past
who make up the Club Quartette, or who know something of the art of
half century, would be complete without mention, in some detail, of the
entertaining. They have no vote nor right to hold office in the club.
rise, growth and success of the Gridiron Club. This unique organization
Then there is a list of associate members, who, having been active mem-
of newspapermen is a club, limited in the number and qualifications of
bers, have left the city, and are restored to active membership upon re-
its membership, not a club with a club house, but exclusively a dining
turning to Washington and engaging in newspaper work. The restora-
club, the success of which has depended in some degree upon the fact that
tion of such members to the active list puts an end to further elections to
it gives one or two dinners, only, during each year. These dinners are
that list until the active membership falls below the constitutional total
pretentious in form and character, and invariably are attended by from
of 50.
300 to 400 of the leading characters in public and business life, the heads
of national and state governments, representatives of foreign countries,
These limitations and qualifications, together with the dignity and
and of the courts, army, navy, etc. These are brilliant dinners in the best
brilliance of the Club's dinners, all tend to make for the success of the
sense of formality, dignity and splendor.
Club. The organization has no club rooms, holds no meetings, except
business meetings once a month, or a "smoker" confined to the club
In January, 1885, the Gridiron Club perfected its organization, with
members. The attention and interest of its members are centered upon
32 charter members and the adoption of a constitution which set forth its
the success of the annual dinners, and the entertainment features thereof
aims and purposes. The first president chosen by the club was Major
which enliven those events. The number of guests which may be invited
Ben: Perley Poore, who had been a Washington newspaperman of high
to a dinner is limited to three to each active or limited member and one
standing for more than thirty years, and at the time he represented The
to each associate member. The Club as a body invites a number of
Providence Journal. The first secretary, who for a time also acted as
dignitaries in all walks of life. The success of each dinner is also assured
treasurer, was Charles T. Murray, then correspondent of The Philadelphia
by the fact that the event begins at 7:30 on the stated evening, and ends
Times. Among the charter members of the club were men who have been
precisely at 12, midnight; that the progress of speeches (not reported) is
known to the newspaper life of the Capital for much of the time during
interspersed with music, songs, "skits," and more or less "holding the
the past 75 years, such as Ben: Perley Poore, of The Providence Journal;
mirror up to nature," or, rather, up to the national and international men
Major John M. Carson, of The Philadelphia Public Ledger; Charles T.
and measures that are in the public eye at the time, often with a sly
Murray, of the Philadelphia Times; Gen. Henry V. Boynton, of the Cin-
modicum of commendation, or mild satire, all without the "sting" which
cinnati Commercial Gazette; T. C. Crawford, of The New York World;
wounds or rankles the human heart. Each dinner proceeds on a regular,
Elbridge Gerry Dunnell, of The New York Times; P. V. DeGraw, of the
orderly schedule, and a great contribution to the dignity of each event is
United Press; Perry S. Heath, of The Indianapolis Journal; A. W. Lyman,
the fact that there is an emphasized rule that "ladies are always present,"
of The New York Sun; David R. McKee, of the New York Associated
although actually they are never present, neither are reporters, as such.
Press: Fred Perry Powers, of The Chicago Tribune; 0. O. Stealey, of
The Louisville Courier Journal; James Rankin Young, of The Phila-
15
14
PRESIDENTS OF THE GRIDIRON CLUB
THE NATIONAL CAPITAL PRESS CLUB
Ben Perley Poore, 1885-Providence Journal.
After the passing of the "Press Club of 1883," came the organization
Fred Perry Powers, 1886-Chicago Tribune.
of the "National Capital Press Club," in February, 1891. There had
John Miller Carson, 1887-Philadelphia Public Ledger.
been in existence for several years, up to 1890, a nondescript club of the
Fred Perry Powers, 1888-1889-Chicago Tribune.
Fred Draper Mussey, 1890-Cincinnati Commercial Gazette.
"sports" variety, occupying the upper floors of a building just around the
H.B. F. McFarland, 1891-1892-Boston Herald.
corner from "old Newspaper Row," known as the Loughran Building,
Frank Hatton, 1893-1894-Washington Post.
which still stands, next to the corner, the second door from Fourteenth
Eugene Barton Wight, 1894-Boston Journal.
Street, on E Street at the Avenue. This recreation club had been operated
Walter Barlow Stevens, 1895-St. Louis Globe Democrat.
William Edwards Annin, 1896-Salt Lake Tribune.
for a number of years, with good equipment, including much silver and
Sylvanus Elihu Johnson, 1897-Cincinnati Enquirer.
glassware, billiard and card tables, and supplying the favorite food and
Frank Homer Hosford, 1898-Detroit Free Press.
beverages of the times. When the suggestion was made by some of the
Henry Vanness Boynton, 1899-Cincinnati Commercial Gazette.
leading newspapermen that a Press Club be formed, inquiry was made
Henry Litchfield West, 1900-Washington Post.
into the status of this sports club, which was then operated practically as
Arthur Wallace Dunn, 1901-St. Paul Pioneer Press.
Robert John Wynne, 1902-New York Press.
a recreation club for Senators and Representatives in Congress, who had
William Eleroy Curtis, 1903-Chicago Record.
taken over the equipment. It was ascertained that the few statesmen who
Louis Arthur Coolidge, 1904-Boston Journal.
patronized the club, and who had supplied the funds in large part to keep
John Miller Carson, 1905-Philadelphia Public Ledger.
it going, had little or no interest in its perpetuation. They were approached
Richard Lee Fearn, 1906-New York Tribune.
with the suggestion, which was promptly agreed to, that it be sold to the
Samuel George Blythe, 1907-New York World.
James Sharp Henry, 1908-Philadelphia Press.
newspapermen to be utilized as a press club.
Henry Hall, 1909-Pittsburg Times.
Scott Cardelle Bone, 1910-Washington Post.
That there was a lively interest in this proposition for a press club
Richard Victor Oulahan, 1911-New York Sun.
was shown by the fact that eighty-five members of the profession qualified
Louis Garthe, 1912-Baltimore American.
to participate in its formation and election of the officers. The list of
Rudolph Kauffman, 1913-Washington Star.
Ernest George Walker, 1914-Boston Herald.
nominations for the various offices included practically the entire member-
Edgar Callender Snyder, 1915-Omaha Bee.
ship, many of the members being nominated for every office in the pro-
Louis William Strayer, 1916-Pittsburgh Dispatch.
posed roster. The Washington Star of February 7, 1891, gave an account
Ira Elbert Bennett, 1917-Washington Post.
of the proposed election of officers for the new Press Club, and a list of
Leroy Tudor Vernon, 1918-1919-Chicago News.
the nominations for officers, as follows:
William Wallace Jermaine, 1920-Minneapolis Journal.
North Overton Messenger, 1921-Washington Star.
For President-
James Parks Hornaday, 1922-Indianapolis News.
Arthur Sears Henning, 1923-Chicago Tribune.
S. H. Kaufman, Washington Star
William Erastus Brigham, 1924-Boston Transcript.
F.A. G. Handy, Chicago Times
Jesse Fred Essary, 1925-Baltimore Sun.
John R. McLean, Cincinnati Enquirer
Clifford Kennedy Berryman, 1926-Washington Star.
Crosby Noyes, Washington Star
Ashman Norris Brown, 1927-Providence Journal.
F. H. Hosford, Detroit Free Press
Harry Jay Brown, 1928-Salt Lake Tribune.
Henry W. Walker, Washington Post
Roy Allison Roberts, 1929-Kansas City Star.
For Vice President-
Charles Stuart Groves, 1930-Boston Globe.
Jay G. Hayden. 1931-Detroit News.
Most of those on the list voted for for president, and also,
Walker Showers Buel, 1932-Cleveland Plain Dealer.
Rudolph Kauffman, Washington Star
Charles Griffith Ross, 1933-St. Louis Post Dispatch.
David Lewsley, New York World
John P. Miller, Baltimore Sun
James Lloyd Wright, 1934-Buffalo Evening News.
Ulric Bell, 1935-Louisville Courier Journal.
H. L. Merrick, Washington Post
Edwin Wilson Gableman, 1936-Cincinnati Enquirer.
For Secretary-
George Gould Lincoln, 1937-Washington Star.
Byron Price, 1938-Associated Press.
Frank H. Hosford, Detroit Free Press
George Robert Holmes, 1938-International News Service.
Chas. A. Hamilton, Buffalo Courier
Raymond Clapper, 1939-United Press.
H.P. Godwin, Washington Star
Mark Foote, 1940-Grand Rapids Press.
Robert M. Larner, Charleston News and Courier
Harold Brayman, 1941-Houston Chronicle.
E.S. Conner, Philadelphia Inquirer
Lewis Wood, 1942-New York Times.
H.L. Merrick, Washington Post
Frank S. Presbery, New York Advertiser
17
16
For Treasurer-
Some of those suggested for the foregoing offices, and also,
During the short life of this club, there served in the office of its
P. V. DeGraw, United Press.
Thomas A. Kirby, New York Press
president, S. H. Kauffman, of the Evening Star, Walter Wellman, of the
Frank Hatton, Washington Post
Chicago Herald, and at the time of the passing of the organization, in the
Francis E. Leupp, New York Evening Post
spring of 1895, its then president was John P. Miller, of the Washington
E. M. Hood. Associated Press
Star. The primary cause of the demise of this club was that it had been
Maurice Splain, Philadelphia Record
Beriah Wilkins, Washington Post
operated upon a too "free and easy" policy, practically unlimited credit
being extended to its members, a number of whom took most or all
For the Board of Governors-
their meals within the club quarters. In the winter of 1894-5 it was dis-
Many of the foregoing and slso,
closed that several thousand dollars in obligations of its members were
Jerome J. Wilber, Associated Press
unpaid, and the organization passed out of existence, its elaborate fur-
Fred Perry Powers, Chicago Times
E. W. Brady, Washington Critic
nishings being sold to meet, to some extent, at least, its outstanding in-
A. Maurice Low, Boston Globe
debtedness. In addition to affording comfortable quarters for its mem-
H. N. Thompson, Cleveland Plain Dealer
bers and friends, the chief events in the life of this club were the giving
W. G. Sterrett, Galveston and Dallas News
of two annual dinners, in 1892 and 1893, and the most notable "benefit"
Selden N. Clark, New York Tribune
Major John M. Carson, Philadelphia Ledger
entertainment ever staged by Washington newspaper clubmen. This bene-
Gen. H. V. Boynton, Cincinnati Commercial Gazette
fit entertainment, having for its avowed purpose the replenishing of the
George E. Gilliland, Cincinnati Enquirer
exchequer of the Natitonal Capital Press Club, was a tremendous success
Scott C. Bone, Washington Post
and netted a total of about $7,000. Great interest was manifested by
Frank B. Noyes, Washington Star
Richard Lee Fearn, Brooklyn Eagle
Washington citizens in this event. The Pennsylvania Railroad Company
Walter Wellman, Chicago Herald
supplied, free of cost, a special train to transport from New York to Wash-
Tom C. Hannum, New York World
ington a great galaxy of the leading actors and singers of the time, who
A. W. Dunn, St. Paul Pioneer Press
gave their services gratis and made the flying trip to the Capital to appear
E. G. Dunnell, New York Times
Frank P. Morgan, Washington Critic
at this event, which was staged in the afternoon at Albaugh's theater,
returning at once to make their regular appearances at their respective
On the day of the election it was disclosed that the names of C. S.
theaters in New York that same evening. This benefit event, and the
Noyes, Gen. H. V. Boynton and R. M. Larner had been withdrawn. The
two annual dinners of the Club were attended by many of the leading
Washington Star of February 10, 1891, said, in regard to the election held
statesmen and business men of the city.
on February 9, 1891:
"The first election of the National Capital Press Club was conducted
yesterday, under an election law devised for that purpose. Eighty-four
THE NATIONAL PRESS CLUB OF TODAY
newspaper men paid their initiation fees and therefore became members of
the Club which thus makes an auspicious beginning in point of membership.
From 1895 down to 1908 the newspaper writers of Washington had
The polls were closed at eight o'clock. The votes for vice president and treasurer
no club, nor meeting place, except the press galleries of Congress, the re-
were so scattered that there was no choice in either case, and these offices
will be filled by an election by the Board of Governors. The executive officers
porters' rooms in the executive departments, and for those who desired
elected yesterday were:
to frequent such places, the many drinking establishments on Pennsyl-
S. H. Kauffman of the Evening Star, President;
vania Avenue from the Capitol to Fifteenth Street, and along Fourteenth
Frank H. Hosford of the Detroit Free Press, Secretary.
Street from E Street to F, and along E Street east as far as Twelfth
The Board of Governors is composed of the following:
Street. Repeated efforts were made by the leaders among the members
Chas. A. Hamilton of the Buffalo Courier;
of the newspaper fraternity to bring about the organization of a Press
H. L. Merrick of the Washington Post;
Club, but the replies usually made by those approached, who had been
Fred Perry Powers of the National Democrat;
Maurice Splain of the Sunday Herald;
members of the late "National Capital Press Club," was that a club to be
Walter Wellman of the Chicago Herald;
successful required the maintenance of higher annual dues than many of
A. Maurice Low of the Boston Globe;
the younger members of the fraternity could afford to pay, and the better
R. L. Fearn of the Brooklyn Eagle;
paid men among the correspondents and editorial staffs of the local papers
S. E. Johnson of the Cincinnati Enquirer;
were not sufficiently numerous to make it possible to operate successfully
H. P. Godwin of the Evening Star.
a Press Club with the desired facilities and equipment.
"Eighty-four members voted at yesterday's election, and it is expected that
the Club will be organized with a membership of over 100."
However, in 1908, the ambitious younger men on the local papers de-
termined to have a Press Club and to invite as many of the editors and
18
19
leading correspondents to join it as could be induced to do so. Among
increased to take in nearly every active newspaperman in the city, a large
the comments made at the time regarding the formation of a Press Club
list of associate members, representing the official life of the Capital, and
was that an effort should be made to create a National Press Club of a
a non-resident list of members extending to writers in all parts of the
truly national character, spirit and membership; that its membership
country and, also, foreign countries.
should be extended to non-resident editors and writers in different parts
of the country and abroad, and that associate members, limited in number
The special features which distinguish the National Press Club from
to a percentage of the active membership of the Club, should be invited
other clubs throughout the country arise from its membership being made
to join. These associate members were to be admitted on the theory of
up of political writers upon national and international affairs, and the
their known interest in newspapermen and newspaper affairs, members of
fact that about one-fifth of the 2,000 members of the Club are non-resident
Congress or employees in executive departments who were thrown con-
members, scattered over the entire area of the United States and foreign
stantly in contact with newspapermen and who would naturally be desirous
countries. There is a national aspect, also, of the National Press Club,
of maintaining social relations with newspapermen in Club life.
arising from the fact that the Club quarters are the rendezvous of men
famous in national affairs, including the Presidents of the United States
On the respective dates of March 12, and March 18, 1908, the founda-
of recent years, all of whom have been, and are now, members of the
tions were laid for a Press Club, at meetings attended by about thirty
Club, Cabinet officers, Senators and Representatives and the leading offi-
newspapermen. A constitution was adopted, and the first officers elected.
cials in all the executive departments. In addition to these characters of
It was not until May 2, that a "housewarming" was held in the quarters
national prominence, the club rooms are visited by foreign dignitaries
of the new National Press Club, at 1205 F Street, N. W. The first officers
of note, who happen to be visiting the national Capital, practically all of
chosen were:
the Ambassadors and public ministers of the leading foreign countries,
President-William P. Spurgeon, Washington Post.
princes and potentates, as well as military and naval officers, who come to
Vice-President-Jackson Tinker, New York Press.
the United States on various missions and who accept invitations to speak
Secretary-Jesse L. Carmichael, Indianapolis Press.
within the rooms of the National Press Club to members of the organiza-
Treasurer-J. Lynn Yeagle, Washington Herald.
tion. These facts made it apparent, upon the least reflection, that the
Financial Secretary-Graham B. Nichol, Washington Times.
National Press Club is of truly national character and that it carries with
Board of Governors—
it an influence in public affairs which, broadcasted over the American
Ernest G. Walker, Chairman, Boston Herald.
nation, and through publications in foreign countries, has a similar in-
Ira E. Bennett, Washington Post.
fluence among the peoples of the civilized world.
Jesse L. Carmichael, Indianapolis Press.
J. Ed Grillo, Washington Post.
James P. Hornaday, Indianapolis News.
Ed. L. Kean, United Press.
Graham B. Nichol, Washington Times.
Tom C. Noyes, Washington Star.
W. P. Spurgeon, Washington Post.
Jackson S. Tinker, New York Press.
J. Lynn Yeagle, Washington Herald.
J. Russell Young, Washington Star.
This was the beginning of the present-day National Press Club,
which, in 1933, celebrated its "Silver Jubilee," the 25th year of its ex-
istence. The success of this Club has been due, in part at least, to the
fact that it was established upon sound business principles, among which
was the "no credit" system; the policy of retaining the control of the Club
among the active newspapermen themselves, through constitutional limita-
tions upon the holding of office by active members of the Club only, select-
ing for its officers active newspapermen, and declining to attempt to
popularize the Club through inviting writers and editors, however dis-
tinguished, who were not active in Washington newspaper life, to accept
such offices.
It soon was practically demonstrated that a Club formed upon such
elementary principles would be successful, and the membership rapidly
20
21
OPERATIONS OF THE CLUB
The National Press Club, being the only really successful Washington
press club in the sense in which the term is used, some space should be
given to recounting what this organization has accomplished in the 34
PRESIDENTS OF THE NATIONAL PRESS CLUB
years of its existence. That story, briefly told, will give abundant reasons
why the club is popular and well known throughout this country and in
many foreign countries.
1908-1909-William P. Spurgeon*, Washington Post
1910-1911-Arthur J. Dodge, Milwaukee Sentinel, St. Paul Pioneer Press
The origin of the club in 1908 was under circumstances which did
1912-Frederic J. Haskin, Haskin News Service
not give much hope of success. The idea was first sponsored by the re-
1913-Oswald Schuette, Chicago Inter-Ocean
porters on the local papers, and the leading newspaper men, whether on
1914-1915-Frank B. Lord, Cincinnati Enquirer
the local papers or the correspondents of leading papers throughout the
1916-Theodore Tiller, Washington Times
country did not take kindly to the idea, and did not rally to the support
1917-Grafton S. Wilcox, New York Herald Tribune
of the plan. The result was that it required about 30 years for the club
1918-Gus J. Karger*, Cincinnati Commercial Gazette
to acquire a home of its own and to take its proper place among the news-
1919-Earl Godwin, Washington Star
paper organizations in the country. The first abode of the National Press
1920-Mark L. Goodwin, Galveston and Dallas, Texas, News
Club was a series of rooms in a business building on the business street
1921-Avery C. Marks*, Washington Times
known as "F" Street in the retail district. The floors taken were above
1922-Robert B. Armstrong, Sr., Los Angeles Times
the first, which was a mercantile establishment, and the upper floors were
1923-Carter Field, New York Herald Tribune
reached by long, steep stairs, and no elevator. That was about as un-
1924-George F. Authier, Minneapolis Tribune
favorable a situation as could be imagined. Only about a year was spent
1925-Henry L. Sweinhart, Havas News
in this location when the Club took over two floors in a business building
1926-Ulric Bell, Louisville Courier Journal
facing the Treasury Department at the corner of 15th and F Streets which
1927-A. N. Kirchhofer, Buffalo News (January to February)
was made really attractive, although inadequate to accommodate even the
Louis Ludlow, Indianapolis Journal (February to December)
small number of members the club then had. However, there was a very
1928-J. Fred Essary*, Baltimore Sun
pleasant general assembly room and for the requirements of the time the
1929-Russell Kent*, Birmingham News
club was comfortable and became very popular. The next move was to
1930-Norman Baxter, Washington Post
the upper floor of a general office building, 15th and G Streets, where the
1931-Eugene S. Leggett*, Detroit Free Press
quarters were larger and the advantages of a roof garden for summer usage
1932-Bascom N. Timmons, Texas Newspapers
was popular for a time. In these quarters the club remained until the
1933-Raymond P. Brandt, St. Louis Post Dispatch
great undertaking was made of aiding to build and taking over the upper
1934-William C. Murphy, Philadelphia Ledger (January to September)
floors of the largest private office building in Washington, which is known
Mark Foote, Booth Newspapers (September to December)
as the National Press Building. Here the facilities for the club, with its
1935-Mark Foote, Booth Newspapers
increased membership, were more nearly adequate, and two distinct ad-
1936-George W. Stimpson, Houston Post
vantages were furnished-one being a spacious library and the other, a
1937-Chas. 0. Gridley, Denver Post
large assembly room with a stage and gallery adequate for large meet-
1938-Harold Brayman, New York Evening Post
ings with the capacity for accommodating six or seven hundred people.
1939-Arthur Hachten, International News Service
Thus it will be seen that with these steadily increasing facilities the
1940-Richard L. Wilson, Des Moines Register and Tribune
purposes of the club, which were announced in the constitution adopted
1941-Melbourne Christenson, Associated Press
in the beginning, were the more certainly realized. Those purposes were
1942-Clifford Prevost, Detroit Free Press
indicated by the use of the terms "hospitality, fraternal and good fellow-
* Deceased
ship among newspapermen," members of the organization, and friendly
relations, not only with newspapermen who visit Washington, but with men
distinguished in public life who are entertained within the club quarters.
From the very beginning the club took a high rank as a place for real
entertainment and recreation for the newspaper fraternity, and at the same
time it was made a meeting place for men of high standing throughout
23
22
the world. It need only be mentioned that beginning with the first year
was a "knockout." The theater was packed. The "Minstrels" were no
of the occupancy of the club quarters, distinguished men and women in
all professions and industry lent their presence to successful entertain-
employed talent but all members of the Club, many of whom are living
to this day to glory in the part they had in a swell performance which
ment within the club. For example, going back almost to the beginning,
netted several thousand dollars. The participants were numerous and
we find in the club Madame Sarah Bernhardt, noted throughout the world
the "interlocutor" was Frank B. Lord, who has been presiding officer at
as a great actress, Lord Bryce, Ambassador from England, Jules Jusserand,
many Club affairs, and who has demonstrated his popularity by being one
French Ambassador, Count Togo, the Admiral of the Japanese Fleet in
of the three presidents of the organization to be twice elected to that post
their war with Russia, Henry Watterson, distinguished editor, Admiral
of honor. He was the master of ceremonies at the dinner which ushered
Peary of the Arctic exploration, and Ernest Shackleton, the English ex-
Franklin D. Roosevelt into Club membership.
plorer of the Antarctic regions. Came also, Generals Foch and Joffe of
the French Army in the first World War, and many others.
Of like purposes, in those early days, were the "spelling bees," one of
With the opening of the large assembly room, with facilities for seat-
the most noted of which was participated in by 14 statesmen, seven Sena-
ing up to possibly 600 at a luncheon meeting, some of the leading visitors
tors and seven members of the lower House of Congress, and 14 news-
to the city from all parts of the world have delivered addresses before the
paper men. This leading event of its kind was not only famous for the
club. Among these may be mentioned the then Cardinal Pacilli, the present
tremendous gathering of Washington society people who thronged the
Pope, who came here as Secretary of State of the then Pope Pius XI, who
hall to enjoy the festivities of the occasion, but its popularity was en-
passed away shortly thereafter, and Cardinal Pacilli was elected to succeed
hanced by the fact that the announcer of the words to be spelled was the
him. Others who addressed the club on these occasions included Ramsay
then Secretary David Houston, famous as Secretary of Agriculture, later
McDonald, then British Premier, Anthony Eden, a member of the British
Secretary of the Treasury, and for many years a leading financier con-
Cabinet, Manuel Quezon, President of the Philippine Government, and
nected with a noted insurance company of New York.
Paul V. McNutt, Frank Murphy, and the recent Commissioner, Sayre,
In later times, the facilities for larger gatherings within the club, the
all of whom had represented the United States as Commissioners to the
inaugural ceremonies attending the induction into office of a new president
Philippines. Included among the visitors at the club were George M.
of the club, and other officers, has furnished an evening of real enjoyment,
Cohan, also, Will Rogers, and Wylie Post, who later went to their deaths
accentuated by the publication, in recent years, of facsimile newspapers,
as flyers, Dwight Morrow, then United States Ambassador to Mexico, and,
representing the home town paper of the newly elected president, the en-
glancing further back, we find in the list the noted Speaker of the House,
tire edition being given over to more or less fanciful, and occasionally
Joseph G. Cannon, later, Speaker Nicholas Longworth, Dr. Harvey Wiley,
truthful, accounts of the illustrious careers of these new officials of the
Andrew Carnegie, John Hayes Hammond, and many others.
club. Another event of similar character is what is known as the "country
It was natural that the club, in order to carry out the spirit of recrea-
store" where sales are made of those useful articles of household necessity
tion, should evolve many plans for novel entertainment. One of the first
which the country store is expected to provide. In addition to these spe-
of this list was known as "hobby nights." On these occasions amusing
cial events there are weekly dances, motion pictures, listed as previews,
debates were conducted as to the relative merits of "thinness or avoirdu-
and a great variety of kindred entertainments which are not only appre-
pois" among men, "whiskers or bald heads," and "knock knees or bow-
ciated by members of the club, but by visiting newspaper men and others
legs," as aids or impediments to navigation. With much felicity as well
of near or remote relation to the activities of the newspaper field.
as an occasional outburst of serious comment, these problems were de-
bated by such men as the then British Ambassador, James Bryce, Woodrow
Special mention should be made of one or two features of the club's
entertainments which attracted universal attention. One of these was a
Wilson, Franklin McVeigh, General Leonard Wood, James M. Cox, Boise
Penrose, Champ Clark, Secretary of State Knox, Victor Herbert, and
banquet given in honor of the past presidents of the clubs; also featured
John Philip Sousa, all of whom participated with great gusto on these
with great acclaim on the 25th anniversary of the organization of the
club, was the induction, as a member of the Press Club, of President
occasions.
Franklin D. Roosevelt. It is the honor of the Club that since it was born
every president of the United States has been a member of the body,
ENTERTAINMENT FEATURES
beginning with Theodore Roosevelt, and including William Howard Taft,
Woodrow Wilson, Warren G. Harding, who was an active member in his
A distinctive, indeed, outstanding event of the early days was a
own right as the editor of his paper in his home town of Marion, Ohio,
"Minstrel Show," which in its inception, was a plan simply for a jolly
Calvin Coolidge and Herbert Hoover, the latter retains his membership to
evening among the Club members themselves, but which expanded to such
this day. And by membership is meant, not the "honorary" variety, which
proportions that a theater had to be engaged for the occasion. This show
so frequently is the case with dignitaries elected to popular Clubs, but
24
25
regular, dues-paying members. President Coolidge was the orator at the
dedication ceremonies incident to the laying of the corner stone of the
the further fact that rumblings in Europe presaged war, which might or
National Press building. Another member of the Club, Frank B. Noyes,
might not involve the United States. At all events, there was, at the time,
then the president of the great newsgathering organization, the Associated
tremendous interest in what was going on at the White House, and in con-
Press of America, was also a speaker on that occasion.
nection with its relations with foreign countries through the State De-
partment correspondence with our Ambassadors and ministers stationed
A distinctive feature of the National Press Building is that it stands
at European diplomatic posts. In such a situation it became peculiarly
at the corner of 14th and F Streets, two of the principal business thorough-
desirable that the newspaper representation in the White House, and in
fares of downtown Washington. The site of the building was for many
the administrative departments, be protected from the intrusion of ir-
years occupied by a famous "Army and Navy headquarters," the Ebbitt
responsible newsgatherers, who, as "free lances," or more or less unac-
House. From the southern side of that building facing on 14th Street,
credited correspondents, frequented the gatherings of the regularly con-
down to and around the corner on Pennsylvania Avenue, was, from the
stituted writers, and through such contacts often spread abroad fanciful
very early life of newspapers and newspaper workers in Washington known
"news" stories which gave incorrect coloring, or, perhaps, positively
as "Newspaper Row". That came to be a well-known spot, the offices of
erroneous and injurious reports of the information of the day. The idea
the Washington correspondents of the leading newspapers throughout
of an association of the duly accredited writers, which might "check on"
the United States. Two features in the physical make-up of the club in-
the persons admitted to White House conferences, naturally grew out of
terior which add to the charm of the place and interest to the members,
the situation thus presented. There was ample warrant and precedent for
as well as visitors, are these: The spacious hall-ways, leading from the
the action taken. For many years the admission of news writers to the
entry to the large lounge rooms, are covered, on their side-wall spaces,
privileges of the press galleries of Congress had been controlled by the
with what are known as first page "mats", from which stereotyped plates
regular Rules Committees of the Senate and House of Representatives
are made and from which the newspaper is printed. Scores of news-
which, with the cooperation of a "Standing Committee" of the gallery
papers throughout the country are here represented, embodying factual
news correspondents, prescribes rules for the admission of writers to the
information as well as really decorative effects. Another feature, adorning
galleries as correspondents. These rules provide that admission shall be
the stairway and halls of the upper floors are framed scores of artists'
granted only to regularly accredited "telegraphic correspondents" who send
drawings by the famed cartoonists of the country, including Thomas
daily wire reports to their papers; who have no occupation connected with
Nast's scathing portrayals of "Boss" Tweed, and Davenport's accentuated
the executive or legislative departments of the government; who are not
features and great bulk of Speaker Tom Reed of Maine. Also, are recent
interested in the promotion of pending legislation or in decisions of ques-
cartoons by Berryman of the Star, and Talburt of the News. The club
tions pending in the executive departments, nor will be so connected or
location constitutes a connecting link between the present home of the
interested during their occupancy of the press galleries; that such galleries
National Press Club and the working field of the newspaper writers of
be reserved for the exclusive use of regularly accredited telegraphic cor-
Washington from the earliest days to the present time. In the National
respondents.
Press Building today are scores of offices of newspaper writers represent-
It was with the purpose of securing the adoption of such limitations
ing newspapers which were earliest and longest in the service of the country
upon attendance at White House press conferences, that the "White House
in furnishing news from the National Capital.
Correspondents' Association" was formed, with a constitution, formally
approved by the President of the United States and attested by his secre-
tary, which constitution, properly engraved and framed, hangs on the wall
WHITE HOUSE CORRESPONDENTS' ASSOCIATION
in the Correspondents' Room of the White House. The provisions of this
constitution are similar to the rules covering the press galleries of Congress.
Six years after the creation of the National Press Club, on February
On April 4, 1914, there was recorded in the Editor and Publisher, a
25, 1914, another organization was perfected, which continues to function
in a field peculiarly designed for the service it performs. This was the
New York periodical, the following account, under date of April 2, of the
organization of the "White House Correspondents' Association:"
"White House Correspondents' Association," made up of local news-
papermen and correspondents regularly assigned to cover the news of the
Washington, D. C., April 2-Newspaper men at the White House have
organized a White House Correspondents' Association with the approval of
White House.
the officials of the executive offices. The organization is designed to promote
the interests and welfare of the men who are regularly assigned to cover the
During the second year of the Wilson Administration there was an
White House and to cover the same field as the Standing Committee of cor-
increasing interest in news arising at the White House. This was in part
respondents at the Capitol, with which there is accord and harmony. There
due to special interest in happenings attendant upon the return of the
were eleven charter members of the organization, which is about to place
Democratic party to power, after a lapse of more than twenty years, and
upon the walls of the press room of the White House a beautifully engraved
copy of its fundamental declarations.
26
27
The membership is to be increased under the guidance of the executive
committee, which consists of five members. The officers of the association are:
W. W. Price, Washington Star, chairman
David T. Lawrence, Associated Press, vice-chairman
W. B. Metcalf, Baltimore Sun, secretary-treasurer
The charter members are:
John E. Nevin, United Press
A. M. Jamieson, International News Service
D. T. Lawrence, Associated Press
Ames Brown, New York Sun
Guy Mason, New York World
S. M. Reynolds, Washington Times
Frank R. Lamb, New York Tribune
Gus J. Karger, Cincinnati Times-Star
PRESIDENTS OF WHITE HOUSE CORRESPONDENTS
W. B. Metcalf, Baltimore Sun
W. W. Price, Washington Star
1914: W. W. Price, Washington Star (charter member)
A glance at the list of presidents of the White House organization of
1921: Frank R. Lamb, Washington Times (charter member)
newspaper men will show that "Bill" Price served as head of the body
1922: J. Russell Young, Washington Star
during the period from 1914 to 1922. The reason for this was that the
1923: E. Ross Bartley, Associated Press
organization was practically dormant during that period, and Price being
1924: Isaac Gregg, New York Sun
the dean of the White House corps at the time was allowed to remain as
1925: George E. Durno, International News Service
the nominal head of the organization. Then came an aroused spirit
1926: John Edwin Nevin, Washington Post (charter member)
among the White House men, led by Frank R. Lamb of the Washington
1927: John T. Lambert, Universal Service
Times, J. Russell Young of the Washington Star and George R. Durno,
1928: J. Russell Young, Washington Star (second election)
then of the Central News of America. Under a reorganization move, with
1929: Wilbur Forrest, New York Herald-Tribune
an injection of some wholesome vitality the organization began a really
1930: Lewis Wood, New York Times
active career. Lamb was elected President and the first formal dinner was
1931: Paul R. Mallon, syndicated columnist
held with a full complement of distinguished guests. From that time the
1932: Paul R. Mallon (second election)
dinners of the White House men have enumerated on their guests lists
1933: George E. Durno, International News Service (second election)
the President of the United States and the leaders in official life, legisla-
1934: Francis M. Stephenson, Associated Press
ors and a contingent of army and navy dignitaries. One reason for the
1935: Albert J. Warner, New York Herald-Tribune
popularity of these dinners is that speechmaking was barred and all
1936: Frederick J. Storm, United Press Associations
the noted guests had to do was to dine liberally and then sit back and
1937: Walter J. Trohan, Chicago Tribune
enjoy an evening of entertainment by professional entertainers chosen for
1938: Earl Godwin, Washington Times
that purpose. With the appearance of President Coolidge as the first to
1939: Earl Godwin, Washington Times (second election)
greet the reorganized Club, Presidents Hoover and Roosevelt enjoyed the
1940: Felix Belair, New York Times (resigned to go with Time Magazine)
hospitality of the White House writers. Whether there is any significance
Thomas F. Reynolds, United Press Associations
to be attached to the fact, two men who have ranked high in the member-
1941: John C. O'Brien, Philadelphia Inquirer
ship of the White House writers are now, by grace of appointment by
1942: John C. Henry, Washington Star
President Roosevelt, Commissioners of the District of Columbia, Young
and Mason.
In accordance with the provisions of its constitution, and the agree-
ment with the officials of the White House, the association assumes the
responsibility of "passing upon" the correspondents who attend the White
House conferences, and performs other functions in the interests of the
newspapermen assigned to the White House.
The White House Correspondents' Association performs only one
other function, of interest to the public, that being an annual dinner of
pretentious elaboration. This is a social gathering merely and has no
other purpose.
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29
FOREIGN NEWSPAPER CORRESPONDENTS
For a number of years preceding the entry of this Nation into the
present World War, another German correspondent, and certainly one of
While there have been many instances of American newspaper writers
the foremost of the popular foreign correspondents, was Kurt Sell, repre-
who have represented foreign journals and have sent correspondence to
sentative of what is known as the Wolff Bureau, which is substantially
those papers upon such subjects as would naturally be fitting for the
the Associated Press of Germany, being similar to that organization in
columns of the papers concerned about what takes place from day to day
this country, in its relations to the press of Germany. Mr. Sell ended his
in this country, in comparatively recent years a few foreign journals have
career here with the entry of the United States into the present World
regularly installed in the Capital of the American Republic their own ac-
War against Germany. He doubtless represents the Hitler regime in the
credited correspondents who "cover" the news of this country that is of
news out of Berlin. Sell came to this country in 1927, and during his
concern to the clientele of the foreign journals. Some of these foreign
stay was a popular and influential member of the writing force of the
correspondents are men of distinct ability and high standing in the public
American Capital.
affairs of their respective countries, and they take front rank among the
regular correspondents and representatives of the foremost papers in
the United States.
"HANDS ACROSS THE SEAS" ORGANIZATION
mott
When Sir William Harsant Lewis came to Washington as correspond-
Another Newspaper organization, unique in its character and con-
ent of the London Times, in October, 1920, he was accepted, and proudly
stituent parts, and composed of native Americans who had some participa-
so, by the Press Gallery corps of the city as just plain "Bill" Lewis. It
tion on the spot, in the writing job, connected with the First World War.
took him eleven years to obtain the title of "Knight Commander of the
The experiences of the members of this commendable as well as novel
British Empire," which made him a "Sir" to everyone except his most
unit of writers in the National Capital, gives spice and special quality to
intimate colleagues of the writing fraternity in this city. For twenty years
the gatherings which the Club sponsors.
he has been and still is the valued representative of the London Times, and
a standard authority among the people of this country on all matters
The name of this organization is simply "Overseas Writers", and it
affecting the relations of America to the British empire. And rightly he
was organized on June 22, 1821. A meeting was called by a committee
is so. Graduated in his student days at Heidelburg, the Serbonne, and
consisting of the late Richard V. Oulahan, of The New York Times, David
other places where knowledge is acquired by attentive study, the master
Lawrence of United States News, he then operating a newspaper syndicate
of several polite and useful languages, an authority on the literature of
of his own, Mark Sullivan of The New York Herald Tribune, and the late
his own, American and other countries, he has spent a number of years
Frederic William Wile who represented, in Germany, British and American
as editor or a representative of English newspapers of the highest class
journals before and during the first World War. At that meeting it was
in China, Japan and the Philippines. For a long time he has been in great
decided to form "An Association of American Writers in Washington who
request as a speaker before distinguished gatherings in the Capital on
have had foreign writing experience." Present at the first meeting were
World Affairs, Literature, Finance and the high standards of life in the
Edwin M. Hood of the Associated Press, J. Fred Essary of the Baltimore
best of the World's better Civilization. At his best, and in many fields, it
Sun, Burge McFall of the Associated Press, Oliver Owen Kuhn of The
is doubtful that America has a real journalistic match for the talented Sir
Washington Star, Ralph H. Turner, H. R. Baukhage, David Lawrence,
Wilmot/Lewis.
Mark Sullivan and Frederic William Wile. The By-Laws, a draft of
which had been made in advance, was approved at this meeting, which out-
Two World Wars have removed from the midst of Washington writing
lined the aims and purposes of the organization as follows:
many men serving foreign journals. Among the best known Foreign
"The extension of hospitality to distinguished foreigners who come to
Correspondents of the First World War period was Dr. George Barthelme
of the Cologne Gazette. He had been editor of that German paper when
Washington, to distinguished Americans associated with American activi-
he came to Washington in 1910. He was so very ardent in pushing the
ties abroad, and to promote other professional and social purposes."
ideas of his home people and their government that he was not always
The first social gathering of the organization was held the month follow-
discreet in his attitude toward the people of this country. He returned to
ing this first meeting when the Overseas Writers was host to the dis-
Germany when County Bernsdorff, German Ambasador to this country, left
tinguished British statesmen and writers, Lord Northcliff and Wickham
these shores as the relations between the United States and Germany
Stead.
were sundered in 1917. Barthelme returned to this country after the close
of the war, but his health broke and he did not regain anything like the
During the years which have followed Overseas Writers have enter-
standing he at one time held in the newspaper and social life of the
tained hundreds of ambassadors, ministers and other public officials in
Capital of this country.
many lines of endeavor in world activities, foreign writers, American
31
30
writers on their return from trips abroad, and many others who would be
papers, chiefly The Baltimore Sun; James Rankin Young was a writer
in position to give timely and valuable comment upon international matters.
here for Philadelphia papers, also as a Congressman from Philadelphia,
This is not an effort to list all of the noted correspondents who have
a long-time Secretary of the United States Senate and known to all those
served as head of Overseas Writers, but a partial list would include:
who have been active in Washington newspaper work since the beginning
of the present century; Gen. H. V. Boynton, long a correspondent here
Richard V. Oulahan, New York Times
Frederick William Wile, Philadelphia Ledger
for the Cincinnati Commercial-Gazette, succeeding in that position White-
Mark Sullivan, New York Herald Tribune
law Reid, who went to New York to become associated with Horace Greely
Oswald Schuette, Chicago News
on the New York Tribune. Gen. Boynton was active in Washington until
Herbert Corey, North American Newspaper Alliance
after the close of the Spanish-American War in which he gave meritorious
Charles G. Ross, St. Louis Post Dispatch
service.
Henry Suydam, Brooklyn Eagle
Paul Wooten, McGraw-Hill Publications and New Orleans Picayune
There is a long list of Washington writers, many of whom were active
Lowell Mellett, Scripps-Howard Newspapers
Carroll Kenworthy, United Press
during a greater part of the period from a half century ago down to within
Erwin D. Canham, Christian Science Monitor
the memory of men now in the service, and who will be remembered for
Harold Hinton, New York Times
high grade work in the Washington newspaper field. Among these are
The president of Overseas Writers at this time is Barnet Nover of the
Major John M. Carson, of the Philadelphia Public Ledger and later of
Washington Post.
the New York Times; Ben: Perley Poore, long with Boston papers here.
The luncheon entertainments of Overseas Writers have become widely
Maj. Poore was known to the writing fraternity of Washington from the
sixties down to near the time of his death, which occurred in the Old
known. Speakers at these events are assured that their remarks will not
be attributed to them or publicly used in a way to identify the speaker.
Ebbitt House, on the site of the present National Press Club building, on
May 29, 1887. Poore's successor in the Boston Journal office in Washing-
In this way many matters are discussed at these meetings in an open and
ton was E. B. Wight, who, up to the time of his death, also represented the
frank manner which would remain unspoken were the speaker to be aware
Chicago Inter Ocean; E. G. Dunnell, for many years the able correspond-
that what he might say would be quoted. The types of speakers which
ent of the New York Times; Frank P. Morgan, one of the early active
have been heard at these gatherings may be indicated by the mention of
reporters on local papers, and later a writer for Boston and New York
a few of those who have appeared during the past year: Secretary of State
papers; Francis E. Leupp, of the New York Evening Post, who began his
Cordell Hull; Under Secretary of State Sumner Welles; Lord Halifax,
newspaper work under the Poet Editor, William Cullen Bryant; R. M.
British Ambassador; the Australian Minister, Dr. Hubertus Von Mook;
Larner, of Baltimore papers, and later with the Charleston News and
Harry W. Flannery, Nelson A. Rockefeller; Jay Allen; Capt. L. P. Lo-
Courier; other representatives of the Southern press included E. W. Bar-
vette; Noel Hall; Nelson T. Johnson; Lachlin Currie and Archibald Mc-
rett, of the Atlanta Constitution, who later became editor of the Birming-
Leish.
ham Age-Herald; 0. O. Stealey, for many years correspondent here for
Commemorating the twenty-first anniversary of its organization a
Col. Henry Watterson's Louisville Courier-Journal; W. G. Sterett, a
formal evening dinner was held with notable speakers.
unique and original character, representing Galveston and Dallas, Texas,
papers. Of Associated Press writers who made high reputations in distinc-
tive service, were E. M. Hood, covering the State Department, and Thomas
CONNECTING THE PRESENT WITH THE PAST
F. Dawson, reporting for the Associated Press the inside workings of the
United States Senate. Among the western representatives who will be
Among the Washington newspapermen who connected the early days
remembered, were William E. Curtis, of The Chicago Record-Herald;
of service with a time close to the present, and were personally known to
Charles M. Pepper, of The Chicago Tribune; Fred Perry Powers, of The
many members of the fraternity who are still engaged in active work here,
Chicago Times, who later went to New York as editor of The Journal of
are the following:
Commerce; Perry S. Heath, of various Indiana papers; S. E. Johnson and
William C. McBride, of The Cincinnati Enquirer; Frank G. Carpenter, of
W. B. Shaw, of the Philadelphia Inquirer, who came to Washington in
The Cleveland Leader, who later distinguished himself as a world-wide
1851, and served as a writer down to within a short time before the Na-
correspondent. Among the eastern correspondents who will be remem-
tional Press Club was established; Crosby S. Noyes, long editor of the
bered are Charles A. Conant, of The New York Journal of Commerce;
Evening Star, connected the period before the Civil War to that of a
Richard V. Qulahan, of The New York Sun, subsequently for many years
quarter of a century ago; Frank A. Richardson, who retired a number of
of The New York Times: L. A. Coolidge, of The Boston Journal; Robert
years before he passed away, dated back in his Washington writings to
J. Wynne, of The Cincinnati Commercial Gazette and later of The New
the Civil War days, and had a long record of valuable service for various
York Press. Of local political writers and correspondents, N. O. Mes-
32
33
the stirring times which preceded, in the administrations of John Quincy
senger and John P. Miller, of The Washington Star, the latter in earlier
Adams and Andrew Jackson, when the Monroe Doctrine, which originated
years succeeding Frank A. Richardson on the Baltimore Sun.
in the term of Monroe, was receiving its first hearing in the capitals of
The foregoing list is included to preserve the names of a few, at least,
foreign countries; also, the monetary measures which agitated the nation
of the notable Washington writers, some of whom bring back the mem-
during the Jackson regime.
ories of the early days when Washington newspaper work was having its
Having these facts in mind regarding the momentous issues which have
real beginnings. And some of these who have "passed to the Great Be-
been written about from the National Capital, how wanting in information
yond," were charter members of the National Press Club, in 1908, as
must have been the people in the first few years of the administrations
follows: William E. Curtis, of the Chicago Record-Herald; 0. 0. Stealey,
of Washington, Adams and Jefferson regarding the formation of the new
of the Louisville Courier-Journal; Thomas F. Dawson and E. M. Hood, of
nation, the frequently strained relations between the United States, England
the Associated Press; John P. Miller, of the Baltimore Sun, and N. 0.
and France, and the culminating work, in the Jefferson administration, of
Messenger of the Washington Star. L. A. Coolidge and Frank P. Morgan,
acquiring vast areas of the country to the west and south which ultimately
who had retired from newspaper work, joined among the associate members
became the four boundary lines of the United States, as augmented by the
in the Charter Members' list.
acquisition of territory which followed the war with Mexico, in the Polk
It will be readily understood that writers at the national Capital during
administration.
recent years, who did not have a comprehensive grasp of the underlying
principles of international and national events, would not be well equipped
THE NEWSPAPERMEN'S SOURCES OF NEWS
to furnish accurate information to the public. Writers at the national
An attempt to give even an outline of the events in the history of the
Capital in these days must have had a thorough knowledge of the United
City of Washington, during the past century and a half, such as engaged
States, and be informed as to the basic facts underlying debts owed by
the attention of newspapermen in the writing of news, or stories about the
foreign countries to the United States, and the background of those affairs
news, would require a volume of no small dimensions. In fact, it is a real
as they arose out of the First World War. The same is true with reference
history of the occurrences in the life of the Capital.
to the details of the causes and successive events arising in connection with
the industrial and monetary depression, which in these times was visited
But there are certain stories and news events which occupied much of
upon the leading nations of the world. It is also true of those who wrote
the time of newspapermen, the details of which were little known to the
upon public affairs in Washington during recent years, including the
average reader of newspapers and periodicals, but which had an important
multitude of details regarding the origin, operation and conclusion of the
bearing upon the times and the future.
World War No. 1, the treaties between the United States and foreign
Soon after the establishment of the Nation's Capital in Washington,
countries resulting therefrom, together with the intricate matters of finance,
such news events as the tragic death of Alexander Hamilton in a duel with
increased revenues, and the bond issues put out by the federal government.
Aaron Burr, which came soon after the ending of the term of John Adams,
Looking back to the administrations of Presidents McKinley and
with whose career in the White House Mr. Hamilton had little to do, and
Theodore Roosevelt, one will recall that the writers of those days had to
the coming of Thomas Jefferson, with whose entry into the White House
Mr. Hamilton had much to do. The death of Hamilton shocked the Nation
be informed regarding problems which arose in connection with the Span-
ish-American War and the new insular possessions which, as a result of
and did much to bring about the ending of the cruel and senseless dueling
the war, came to be a part of the United States; the development of the
custom. Another noteworthy event in Mr. Jefferson's term, and which
Panama Canal, and the activities which continued over a number of years
was one of the big news stories of the time, was what came to be known
in the efforts of the federal government to control the operations of large
as "The Louisiana Purchase." Jefferson contended against the opposition
corporations and so-called "trusts".
to this move on his part, notwithstanding the protestations that the pur-
chase was against the Constitution of the United States. Another great
In the administrations of Presidents Lincoln and Andrew Johnson,
event in the administration of James Madison was the burning of the
Washington writers had questions to deal with regarding the operations
Capitol and the White House, during the War of 1812 with Great Britain.
of the Civil War and the facts which led up to that great conflict; the
The administration of James Monroe brought about the "Monroe Doc-
reconstruction period and the political clashes which arose between Presi-
trine" of which much has been heard and talked about in and out of the
dent Johnson and those opposed to him during his term of office. One
newspapers in every year since. Then came the administration of Andrew
may well conclude, in reflecting upon the great problems which have con-
Jackson, colorful and exciting, furnishing a real picture of Democracy
fronted the American nation during the past 75 years, how difficult it must
in action. Jackson's war on the banks and his removal of the federal
have been for the comparatively few publications of the early days to get
deposits therefrom, giving, as was alleged at the time, a real encourage-
properly before the people the facts concerning the war between the
ment to the era of "red dog" currency and other forms of spurious or
the United States and Mexico, in the administration of James K. Polk;
35
34
doubtful forms of money, or money substitutes, of those times. Jackson
the business of the House for a week or ten days by motions in parliamen-
also made news on account of an attempt by an assassin to kill him at a
tary procedure which brought about roll-call after roll-call, occupying half
reception in the White House. Another great news event to thrill the
or three-quarters of an hour for each call, thus preventing the House from
Nation at about this time, was the sudden death of President William
accomplishing any legislative business.
Henry Harrison, who, under the campaign banner of "Tippecanoe and
Tyler Too" was swept into the White House to remain but a month,
STIRRING POLITICAL EVENTS
when, it was claimed, as a result of exhaustion incident to the campaign
and the inauguration, his life was cut short and John Tyler became
At this juncture it may be appropriate to call attention to two legisla-
president. Then followed the administration of James K. Polk, with the
tive events which, while not so striking as the work of assassins, or the
Mexican War and the controversy arising out of the then active discussion
wars in which the country was from time to time engaged, left indelible
of the slavery question, was carried down through the years in charges
impressions upon the history of those times. One of these events took
by the opposition to slavery that the Mexican War, and the acquisition of
place in the House of Representatives, and the other in the Senate. In the
territory obtained from Mexico, really was a move to strengthen the hands
House the event to be narrated followed the parliamentary controversy
of the slavery advocates and make what was termed a wider area for the
over the time wasted in roll-calls, etc. This came under the speakership of
development of slavery. These events culminated in the election of Abra-
the notably powerful, resourceful and brainy Speaker of the House at that
ham Lincoln, the Civil War and the passing of Lincoln at the hands of an
time, Thomas B. Reed, of Maine. In his administration of the speakership,
assassin. A notable general of the Civil War, Ulysses S. Grant, won great
Mr. Reed was aided by a slender Republican majority to support him, less
fame in that contest, and this led to his election to the presidency following
than half a dozen, and controversies over contested election cases threat-
the term served by Andrew Johnson, amidst the bitter strife which was
ened to reduce the even slender majority under which Mr. Reed entered
engendered by the "Reconstruction Days" and all that those times meant.
upon his service as Speaker. Out of this controversy grew one of the most
The country entered upon another era of excitement when President
striking changes in parliamentary affairs the popular branch of Congress
Garfield, who had been in high places in the war and in the legislative halls
had known from its inception. In one of the close votes being recorded
of Congress, was shot down by a political degenerate, one Guiteau. Then,
in the House at the time, the Democratic opposition to Speaker Reed and
there came to the White House a stalwart Democrat, Grover Cleveland,
his party resorted to a plan for defeating the purposes of the majority, not
who served a term, was voted out of office and returned by defeating the
by absenting themselves from the House, but by sitting silent in their
man who four years before had defeated him. Then came the era of the
seats and refusing to respond to roll calls, thus on the face of the roll-call
first Roosevelt, so-called "T. R.", and the rise and passing of William J.
itself, stopping business for want of a "quorum." Speaker Reed announced
Bryan, preceded by the service of William McKinley for one term, and a
that it was but a demonstration to the country that a minority, to defeat
few months of the second term, when he fell at the hands of an anarchist
the public business, would "sit silent in their seats on roll calls, and yet
assassin, Czolgosz. In the first term of McKinley the country entered into
in stentorian voices declare that they were not present." With consum-
the first war after the Civil War, namely, the short and sharp conflict of
mate courage Mr. Reed cut the Gordian knot. He told the tally clerk,
the United States with Spain, which resulted in the loss to the Spanish
whose duty it was to record the vote, to put in the names which he called
power of practically all its possessions outside of the immediate Spanish
off, as sitting present in their seats, and recording them as present and not
homeland. This was leading up to the colorful, romantic and exciting
voting, but making up a "quorum." This came to be known as the "Reed
administration of Theodore Roosevelt, the construction of the Panama
quorum counting" scheme. Of course, the minority denounced this with
Canal, which is another of the influences upon present day history.
great vigor, and even went so far as to claim that Reed counted, as present,
the hats of the minority members that were hanging in the cloakrooms.
About this time there occurred in the legislative halls of Congress an
As evidence of the bitterness of the time, one Democratic leader, a member
event which occupied the attention of every writer then engaged in the
from Indiana, W.D. Bynum, became so obstreperous in opposition to the
national capital. That was the dethronement of Joseph G. Cannon, the
Speaker that the Republican majority voted that the censure of the House
Speaker of the House of Representatives. By dethronement is not meant
should be visited upon Mr. Bynum, and Speaker Reed called Bynum to
the taking from him of the Speakership, but the revolt against the rule of
the area in front of the Speaker's rostrum and pronounced the censure.
Mr. Cannon took away his power of appointing the committees of the
In that controversy another Democratic leader, Charles F. Crisp, of
House. This revolt was led by a number of so-called "liberals" of those
Georgia, won his spurs which made him the next Democratic Speaker,
days who insisted that the speakership, as operated under the direction of
when that party had captured the House two years later. In a speech
Mr. Cannon, had too much power. This controversy followed the more
bristling with invective and sarcasm, he "appealed from Philip drunk to
serious one over the rules of the House, which had existed from the
Philip sober". The temper displayed during this parliamentary conflict
earliest days. Under those rules it was possible for so alert and vigorous
was well illustrated by the comments of one correspondent of a leading
a Member of the House as was General James B. Weaver of Iowa, to block
Democratic newspaper, who wired his paper the night following the
36
37
battle, describing how Speaker Reed ignored the protesting Democratic
cuting Kansas Jayhawkers for robbing hen roosts," referring to Ingalls as
members, as they clamored for recognition that they might denounce the
judge advocate of the Kansas troops.
ruling of "Czar Reed," "But the moon-faced despot gazed vacantly over
Few there are of the present day who have not vivid memories of the
the Democratic side." As a Republican leader in that controversy, William
trying times of the first World War, when Woodrow Wilson was president,
McKinley showed high metal which had somewhat to do, subsequently,
and of his tragic death shortly thereafter, and fewer there are who are not
with his elevation to the presidency. The Reed rule has continued since
familiar with the "Third term contest" of President Franklin D. Roosevelt,
that time.
in which was upset the tradition that only two terms should be served by
Now, let us turn to the arena of the Senate where politics in those
any president, which had been the rule from George Washington's time.
days often rose to very high heat, and recorded vituperative speeches on
Another event which carried great implications in all the news and news
both sides of the Chamber. One of the orators of that time, and probably
stories then written was the unsuccessful attempt of Mr. Roosevelt to
one of the foremost speakers ever to sit in the Senate, was the waspish
change the complexion of the Supreme Court of the United States by a
Republican Senator from Kansas, John J. Ingalls. A noteworthy event
plan greatly different from the orderly routine of filling vacancies that
was a particularly savage speech by Mr. Ingalls in which he engaged in
occur in that body.
what was probably the last real demonstration of what in those days was
termed, "Waving the bloody shirt". The meaning of that phrase was that
THEN AND NOW
the speaker revived the bitterness of the Civil War days. For such pur-
pose Senator Ingalls was abundantly qualified.
No study of the conditions in Washington during the period since 1800,
when the spot was selected for the Capital of the new nation, and the show-
During his speech of more than an hour's duration, Senator Ingalls
ing of the city as it is today, would be complete without a mental picture
ruffled the sensibilities of the Democratic minority in the Senate with an
of the origin of the city, and what it is at the end of 150 odd years that it
attack upon everything Democratic, among other things, making some tart
has been the seat of government of the Nation. Actual photographs are
remarks regarding the last Democratic candidate for the Presidency, Gen-
numerous showing the beauties of the city today, and many are obtainable
eral Winfield Scott Hancock. Also, in the course of his remarks, Mr.
which serve to illustrate the growth of the city from early times down to
Ingalls made some pointed observations regarding a democratic senator
the present day.
of the Civil War days whom he charged with being a member of the so-
called "Knights of the Golden Circle". As he told the story, Ingalls made
Emphasis is often given to the fact that Washington should be a beau-
it appear that the Senator he had in mind was the then Senator from
tiful Capital. It is probably the only city ever especially designed to be a
Indiana, D. W. Voorhees, one of the stalwart Democrats of the time, and
capital. The plans for the city of Washington, and the government build-
popularly known as the "Tall Sycamore of the Wabash". Voorhees hap-
ings which make it a Capital city, were laid upon virgin grounds. The
pened to be at luncheon, and on his return to the floor it is probable
hills and plains of the site for the future city were wooded or grassy plots
that some of his colleagues informed him what Ingalls had said. Voorhees
when, in 1790, Alexander Hamilton outgeneraled Thomas Jefferson and
rose in his place, weaving slightly, giving evidence that he had dined well
obtained, through Jefferson's intervention with members of Congress from
in the Senate restaurant, interrupted the Kansas Senator and referred to
the Southern states, votes enough to put through Hamilton's pet project
him as "A great liar", with a few other unparliamentary appellations.
for "assumption," in return for those votes, acquiescence was given to the
Instead of following the customary practice of calling the Indiana Senator
desires of the Southern men that the Capital be located "on the Potomac."
to order, and insisting that the language be "taken down" as an affront
Just what were the actual beginnings of the Capital city "on the Poto-
to the orderly procedure of the Senate, Ingalls, in his own way, replied:
mac," about which and from which scores upon scores of newspapermen,
"If the Senator from Indiana were in a police court he would be sent
beginning in 1800, have written to periodicals in all parts of the United
to the rock pile for drunk and disorderly."
States and throughout the civilized world?
No reply was made to the Ingalls speech except a brief one by the
Five years before the seat of government of the United States was
then Senator from Kentucky, Joseph C.S. Blackburn. Blackburn was a
transferred from Philadelphia, its temporary home which was limited to a
striking figure in the Senate, but he had no sustained reputation as an
period of ten years from 1790, an English traveler visited the spot and
orator, or as a general debater upon high public questions. On this
described what he saw. That traveled Englishman was Thomas Twining,
occasion it seemed that the attack which Ingalls had made upon General
who was sailing from India to England, by way of the United States. On
Hancock was something of an inspiration to Joe Blackburn who arose as
April 27, 1795, he described his visit to the site of the proposed Capital
Ingalls finished his speech and said:
of the United States. (Travels in America 100 years ago by Thomas
"When General Hancock lay weltering in his blood on Cemetery
Twining, Harper & Brothers, New York, 1893.) "Leaving Georgetown
Heights, at Gettysburg, the Senator from Kansas was engaged in prose-
on horseback," he says he
38
39
"crossed an extensive tract of level country resembling an English heath, I
entered a large wood through which an imperfect road had been made,
principally by removing the trees, or rather the upper part of them, in the
usual manner. After some time this indistinct way assumed more the ap-
pearance of a regular avenue, the trees having been cut down in a straight
line, although no habitation of any kind was visible, I had no doubt I was now
riding along one of the streets of the metropolitan City. I continued in this
spacious avenue for half a mile, and then came upon a large spot, cleared
of wood, in the center of which I saw two buildings on an extensive scale,
and some men at work on one of them. *** advancing and speaking to
these workmen, they informed me that I was now in the center of the city,
and that the building before me was the Capitol, and the other destined to be
a tavern. * * * Looking from where I now stood I saw on every side a
thick wood pierced with avenues in a more or less perfect state. These de-
noted the lines of the intended streets, which already appeared on the engraved
plan with their intended names. The Capitol promised to be a large and
handsome building, judging from the part, about two-thirds already above the
ground. I walked through several of the lower apartments, and saw the halls
designed for the representatives and senate, now in an unfinished state, and en-
cumbered with building materials. I did not go into the tavern. It was a
large building of red brick, and in a much more advanced state than the
Capitol, being roofed in."
There is a pen picture of the site of Washington five years before the
government was located, before a newspaper was established here and
writing men took upon themselves the task of telling the world what the
government of the United States was doing. And the newspaper writers
have been doing that from that beginning down to the present day. There
were only a few of them in the period from 1800, even during the War of
1812, and the burning of the Capitol and White House by the British in
1814. We have found that as far down the annals as 1836, in Jackson's
time, less than a dozen writers were engaged in telling the story of the
doings of Congress for papers in the then principal cities of the country.
In 1860, with a great Civil War impending, the number of reporters and
correspondents on the ground was less than fifty, and the first Press Club
established in Washington, seven years later, probably had fewer than
that number of members.
The growth of Washington during the first century of its existence, was
very slow. In the first fifty years the population had scarcely reached
150,000. In 1900 the number of people here was about 300,000, and the
JAMES GORDON BENNETT, Sr.-A pioneer
great increase in population occurred during the next twenty years, when
Washington Correspondent (1827), Founder of
the total reached nearly 600,000.
The New York Herald (1836), Died 1872. On
In these years the Capitol, which was begun at an estimated cost of
the day following the passing of Mr. Bennett,
about a million dollars, was completed at a total cost of about $25,000,000.
The New York Tribune said of him, among other
Massive marble, granite and stone buildings have been completed, many
things: "He was a man of extraordinary capacity.
of them costing from $5,000,000 to $15,000,000 each, and many semi-
*** No journalist in the country excelled him
public buildings in the city have been erected at costs ranging from a
in the power of commenting upon current
million to probably close to $18,000,000 each.
events. *** He understood the value of news.
In the meantime, the National Press Club, representative of Washing-
*** He may almost be said to be the inventor
ton's writing men, reporters and editors, which began about thirty-five
of journalism in its latest and highest develop-
years ago, with a membership of less than 200, has grown to a membership
ment. *** He was the first journalist who went
to meet the news half way."-From "Views and
of about 2,500 in 1942.
Interviews on Journalism," New York, 1875.
40
I've B/D
STATE
abuthis m- been
7
12
9
de Vidaurreacknowledging the receipt of the
copy of his book presented to the President.
Please return the book to this office
P.P
7
X
B
when it has served its purpose.
Grace G. Tully
B
Private Secretary
dd
February 11, 1943
L. S. Rowe, X480
Director General,
Pan American Union,
Washington, D. C.
Dr. Alberto Sayan de Vidaurre, Poste Restante - Correo Central, Buenos Aires,
Argentina sent the Pres. a copy of his book "For Inter-American Cooperation"
through the courtesy of Dr. Rowe.
BUY
UNITED
STATES
DEFENSE
BONDS
AND
STAMPS
Mis Ehen
STATE
Do you want to take
a record of this gift
q-D Q
9
File Room
copy of his book presented
Please return the book to this office
B.P
7
X
B
when it has served its purpose.
The
Grace G. Tully
B
Private Secretary
dd
February 11, 1943
L. S. Rowe, X 480
of
Director General,
Pan American Union,
Washington, D. C.
Dr. Alberto Sayan de Vidaurre, Poste Restante - Correo Central, Buenos Aires,
Argentina sent the Pres. a copy of his book "For Inter-American Cooperation"
through the courtesy of Dr. Rowe.
BUY
UNITED
STATES
DEFENSE
BONDS
AND
STAMPS
DEPARTMENT OF STATE
February 15, 1943
7
x20
+
MEMORANDUM FOR HONORABLE GEORGE T. SUMMERLIN:
02
Will you not be good enough to have
9
an appropriate note sent to Dr. Alberto Sayan
de Vidaurreacknowledging the receipt of the
copy of his book presented to the President.
Please return the book to this office
p.p
7
B
when it has served its purpose.
Grace G. Tully
Private Secretary
dd
February 11, 1943
L.S. Rowe,
X
Director General,
Pan American Union,
Washington, D. C.
Dr. Alberto Sayan de Vidaurre, Poste Restante - Correo Central, Buenos Aires,
Argentina sent the Pres. a copy of his book "For Inter-American Cooperation"
through the courtesy of Dr. Rowe.
BUY
UNITED
STATES
DEFENSE
BONDS
AND
STAMPS
BPP
DEPARTMENT OF STATE
WASHINGTON
In reply refer to
PR
February 23. 1943
My dear Miss Tully:
In compliance with your memorandum of February 15,
1943, I am returning herewith the book For Inter-American
Cooperation, forwarded to the President by the Director
General of the Pan American Union at the instance of the
author, Señor Dr. Alberto Sayán de Vidaurre, of Buenos
Aires.
The American Embassy at Buenos Aires has been
requested to convey to Dr. Sayán de Vidaurre a suitable
expression of the President's thanks for this volume.
Sincerely yours,
Chief of Protocol
Enclosure:
Book, returned.
Miss Grace G. Tully,
FORVICTORY
The White House.
BUY
UNITED
STATES
DEFENSE
BONDS
AND
STAMPS
PPP
February 22, 1943
Dear Mr. Richards:
The President asks me to thank
you ever 80 much for renewing his supply
XPP7
of initialed@matoh covers. He is most
9-m
appreciative of your thought of him and
wants you know that they will be put to
good use.
This little note takes to you
the President's best wishes.
Very sincerely yours,
GRACE G. TULLY
Private Secretary
+
John S. Richards, Esq.,
The Diamond Match Company,
Book Match Department,
New York, New York.
tmb
L
GRACE
Mrs. Nesbit phoned last week to
say that these had come and to ask
that the President write a note of
thanks to Mr. Richards. Last year
P.P.7.
the letter went over your signature,
therefore I have prepared this for
9-D
yours.
TOI
Drawing filed.
fmf
KALAL, Mrs. Marie,
Davenport, Ia.
2-7-43 (ack. 2-26-431
STEVENS, Robert,
P.O.7.
Hamden, Connecticut,
February 22, 1943 - - ackd.
9-D
Let. to President, enclosing drawing. Drawing filed.
See P.P.F. 9-S
fmf
KALAL, Mrs. Marie,
Davenport, Ia.
2-7-43 (ack. 2-26-43)
sends a handmade doll to the President. (Given to Diana Hopkins).
See P.P.F.9-K
Poterary
1848
br
door
Dranova
P.P. P.P.F. 7.
Permit &
to
the of 9-D
No
the
You
Used your direct thought is approviated
tery
Greate 0. Tully
Private Countary
Reverent Mkola
19 Las Stanet,
ppt
February 25, 1943
G.R
My dear Mr. Drenovac:
Permit me to acknowledge the re-
ceipt of the copy of the book which you
XPPL +
sent to the President. You may be assured
9-B
that your kind thought is much appreciated.
Very sincerely yours,
Grace G. Tully
Private Secretary
Reverend Nikola Drenovac,
39 Laird Street,
Youngstown,
Ohio.
mtl
X
Book: -- CPNCKA ENONEJA - Translated by Michael Petrovich.
881
a-8
February 24, 1943
Gentlemen:
I want to acknowledge the receipt of
xpp1
the copy of the book, MITCHELL: Pioneer of Air
q-B
Power, and to assure you that your courtesy in
4249
sending it to the President is appreciated.
Very sincerely yours,
Grace G. Tully
Private Secretary
B
X
Duell, Sloan and Pearce, Inc.,
270 Madison Avenue,
New York, N. Y.
dd
387
a.
February 8, 1943
My dear Mrs. DeSomer:
This little note conveys to you
the President's thanks for the kind thought
which prompted you to send him those birth-
XPPF
9-G
day remembrances, products of your own handi-
work. He is grateful, too, for your prayers
X pp7 9-5
and the good wishes, extended in the enclosed
greeting card.
Very sincerely yours,
Grade G. Tully
Private Secretary
Mrs. Amedee DeSomer,
Higganum,
Hand Connecticut. Knit Dlores of sox white
pl
mis-ameder De Somer
mrs a De Somer
2/8/43
Higganum
from
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E
felt the (article land
Comp
FEB 1-1943
the boid snowstorm
be to Reash my moul
birthdays Pakage
me, for one who lives
a lot to suffer in Winter
leared away for severall
of
2 to
time.
me
all I do es hut for Relief
0 when summer Comen
ur sufferings m Winter
the lown of Killingworth, were I have in does very
little for its Poeple who have on the Borders of
the town, time in again we asked for a good
Road, but of no use, we just get tred of A all
an now has Roosefelt I hope you will like my
little Resent the work of a sixty four you old
woman, the work our doing already from 1939
for Refut
Respectfully
misameder De Somer
a bit of luck this wishes you
not only for today
But for many a glad tomorrow
all along your way -
a bit of rare good fortune
and happiness, and cheer
To stay with you, and bring you joy
Right through a
Remember ways I
HAPPY
you
My YEAR! De Some
in my Prayerr
joy
fugga, dee De Son
mrs a De Somer
Achord
Higganum
an first Lady of the (article land
Dear mrs Roosefilt 3.10mg
2/8/43
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Comp
FEB 1-1943
Due to the boid Snowstorm
we had I was unable to Reash my moul
in time for In Roosefelt birthdays Pakage
I hope you will excuse me, for one who lives
m these town Roads have a lot to suffer in Winter
the snow does not get Cleared away for severall
days, sometimes weeks, all I do es hut for Relef
on Past the time away, an Lo when summer Comer
thensve g forget all about our sufferings m Winter
the town of Killingworth, were I have in does very
little for ts Poeple who have on the Borders of
the town, time in again we asked for a good
Road, but of no use, we just get tred of A all
an now has Roosefelt I hope you will like my
little Resent the work of a sexty four you old
woman, the work am doing already from 1939
for Refut
Respectfully
misameder De Somer