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1686815
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Speechwriters - Applicants: Archibald, George H.
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1686815
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Speechwriters - Applicants: Archibald, George H.
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Gerald R. Ford Vice Presidential Papers
Paul Miltich's Subject Files
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1974-01-31
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1974
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1973-03-01
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1973
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The original documents are located in Box 162, folder "Speechwriters - Applicants: Archibald, George H." of the Gerald R. Ford Vice Presidential Papers at the Gerald R. Ford Presidential Library. Copyright Notice The copyright law of the United States (Title 17, United States Code) governs the making of photocopies or other reproductions of copyrighted material. Gerald R. Ford donated to the United States of America her copyrights in all of her husband's unpublished writings in National Archives collections. Works prepared by U.S. Government employees as part of their official duties are in the public domain. The copyrights to materials written by other individuals or organizations are presumed to remain with them. If you think any of the information displayed in the PDF is subject to a valid copyright claim, please contact the Gerald R. Ford Presidential Library. Some items in this folder were not digitized because it contains copyrighted materials. Please contact the Gerald R. Ford Presidential Library for access to these materials. Pedetian Post Office Box 212 Middleburg, Virginia 22117 January 7, 1974 Mr. Paul Miltich Press Secretary for the Vice President of the United States Room 281 Old Executive Office Building Washington, D.C. 20501 BERTIO, FORD (BRAB) Dear Mr. Miltich, Thanks so much for reviewing my resume and recent samples of some writing I have done for Congressman Conlan. I am enclosing about six speeches, several floor statements, and some weekly columns. I can provide some bylined columns and editorials that I wrote for The Arizona Republic if you would like to see them. My office phone is 225-3361, or I can be reached in the late evening at home at (703) 687-6089. Cordially, George George H. Archibald RESUME RESUME OF: George Henry Archibald EMPLOYMENT OBJECTIVES: Employment as speechwriter or staff member for legislative office, legislative committee, or political committee specializing in writing, press relations, and research. PHILOSOPHICAL/POLITICAL COMMITMENT: Conservative/Republican FORD LIBRARY & GERALD EDUCATION: Hillsbrow Preparatory School (August 1952 to May 1956) Redhill, Surrey College preparatory England Loudoun County High School (September 1957 to June 1962) Leesburg, Virginia Diploma, college preparatory Randolph-Macon College (September 1962 to June 1963) Ashland, Virginia 30 semester hours towards liberal arts degree Chowan College (September 1963 to June 1964) Murfreesboro, N.C. 30 semester hours towards liberal arts degree Old Dominion University (September 1964 to June 1967) Norfolk, Virginia 85 semester hours towards liberal arts degree; diploma, bachelor of arts, with major in political science and minor in history RESUME OF: George Henry Archibald Page Two EDUCATION (cont'd) : Air University (February 1968 to August 1968) Gunter AFB, Alabama U.S. Air Force information specialist extension course; certificate of completion Arizona State University (June 1971 to August 1971) Tempe, Arizona 6 semester hours towards teaching certificate and master's degree WORK EXPERIENCE: FORD is LIBRARY GERALD Congressman John B. Conlan (January 1973 to present) 429 Cannon Building press secretary Washington, D.C. 20515 Liaison with news media; research and draft news releases; write weekly column for 25 district newspapers; write speeches and floor statements; writing and layout for constituent newsletter; plan and execute radio and television exposure; daily briefings on local, state, and national news; maintain comprehensive issue files; specialized correspondence and messages. The Arizona Republic (March 1971 to December 1972) 120 E. Van Buren editorial writer Phoenix, Arizona 85004 Wrote two or more editorials daily; edited syndicated columns; prepared makeup and layout, wrote headlines for editorial page; edited letters to editor; wrote bylined column, occasional book review, or news story. (Writing samples available upon request.) U.S. Air Force (November 1967 to June 1971) 3525th Pilot Training Wing (ATC) information specialist Williams AFB, Arizona Noncommissioned officer in charge (NCOIC) of Public Information Section: Collected, prepared, and distributed news and feature material for military and civilian news media; wrote speeches for wing commander. Editor, base newspaper. Member of wing commander's NCO/Airman Advisory Council. RESUME OF: George Henry Archibald Page Three WORK EXPERIENCE (cont'd) : Republican Party (June 1967 to November 1967) Norfolk, Virginia campaign coordinator Coordinated campaign media effort, wrote and distributed news releases for seven candidates for the Virginia General Assembly. The Mace and Crown (September 1965 to June 1967) Old Dominion University editor-in-chief Norfolk, Virginia Editor-in-chief of weekly student newspaper, an elected position; managed staff of 25 writers and editors; wrote editorials and news stories; edited all copy; makeup and layout of 12 to 16 pages weekly; oversight of printing. Hertz, Inc (June 1965 to September 1965) Washington, D.C. rental agent; night bookkeeper Chesapeake Petroleum and Supply, Inc (June 1964 to September 1964) Washington, D.C. sales clerk; truck deliveries; warehouseman Fulton Lewis, Jr (June to September, 1962 and 1963) Washington, D.C. research; newsletter subscription clerk CIVIC ACTIVITIES: GERRID FORD LIBRARY Basic Goals Commission for (July 1972 to December 1972) Social Studies chairman; lay member Twenty-seven member commission appointed by Arizona State Board of Education to develop courses of study for the teaching of social studies in Arizona public schools, kindergarten through 12th grade. RESUME OF: George Henry Archibald Page Four CIVIC ACTIVITIES (cont'd) : Westside Area Career Opportunities (September 1971 to December 1972) Project (WACOP) lecturer Phoenix, Arizona State project in Phoenix public schools to bring professional and career people into classrooms to talk about their jobs and educational and cultural prerequisites for obtaining them. Americans for Effective Law (May 1972 to present) Enforcement (AELE) charter member; board of directors Arizona Young Americans for (February 1968 to present) Freedom member, state advisory board POLITICAL ACTIVITIES: Paradise Valley Young Republicans Club member Young Americans for Freedom member FORD if LIBRARY GERALD MILITARY SERVICE: Active duty completed with U.S. Air Force, Nov. 8, 1967, to June 4, 1971. Honorably discharged at rank of E-5. Completed service in inactive reserves on Nov. 7, 1973. HOBBIES AND INTERESTS: Reading (mostly nonfiction) ; writing; public speaking; music (classical and popular) ; bicycling; hiking; sightseeing; films, plays, and musicals. RESUME OF: George Henry Archibald Page Five AWARDS AND HONORS: Presented the American Legion Oratorical Award in 1962 by the late General Douglas MacArthur for taking second place in statewide public speaking contest in Virginia; winner of 16 debating awards in inter- collegiate forensic competition; elected Best Speaker of the House at the 1964 North Carolina State Student Legislature; best debater, Chowan College, 1963-64; named among top 10 students at Old Dominion University in 1967 by editors of Troubadour (student yearbook) nominated as a White House Fellow in 1970; commended on floor of U.S. Senate by Sen. Milward Simpson (R-Wyo), Sept. 2, 1965, for response to Women Strike for Peace anti-Vietnam teach-in at American University broadcast over WAMU-FM. FOREIGN LANGUAGE: French: read, fair; comprehend, poor; speak, poor PERSONAL REFERENCES: Edwin S. McDowell Rep. G. William Whitehurst Editorial Department 424 Cannon Building The Wall Street Journal Washington, D.C. 20515 22 Cortlandt Street New York, New York 10006 Frederic S. Marquardt GERALD FORD LIBRARY The Arizona Republic John R. Coyne, Jr 120 E. Van Buren Assistant to the President Phoenix, Arizona 85004 Old Executive Office Building Washington, D.C. 20500 Rep. and Mrs. Jim Skelly 2221 E. Indianola Rep. John B. Conlan Phoenix, Arizona 85016 429 Cannon Building Washington, D.C. 20515 John M. McGowan, II Office of the Attorney General Eugene C. Pulliam State Capitol The Arizona Republic and Phoenix, Arizona 85007 Phoenix Gazette 120 E. Van Buren Col. A.K. Koeck Phoenix, Arizona 85004 2303 E. Loyola Drive Tempe, Arizona 85282 RESUME OF: George Henry Archibald Page Six PERSONAL DATA: Date of birth: July 23, 1944 Birthplace: Newmarket, Suffolk, England Marital Status: Single Relatives: George W. Archibald (father) Buckland Farm Warrenton, Virginia Angela G. Archibald (mother) P.O. Box 212 Middleburg, Virginia Valerie A. Embrey (sister) Middleburg, Virginia General Health: Excellent Height: 5'8" Weight: 130 FORD & LIBRARY GERALD Citizenship: U.S. (naturalized) Current address: P.O. Box 212 Middleburg, Virginia 22117 (703) 687-6089 429 Cannon Building Washington, D.C. 20515 (202) 225-3361 Congressional Record United States of America PROCEEDINGS AND DEBATES OF THE 93ᵈ CONGRESS, FIRST SESSION Vol. 119 WASHINGTON, FRIDAY, NOVEMBER 30, 1973 No. 1850RD House of Representatives LIBRARY lowed consumption to outstrip both cur- DON'T PANIC-AMERICA CAN SUR- My urgent hope is that the American rent production and expansion of capac- VIVE THIS ENERGY CRUNCH people persevere as they always have- ity. that they remain calm and do not panic The natural gas industry-first to be HON. JOHN B. CONLAN because of the current energy squeeze. hit really hard by supply problems last Sloganeers and big government advo- OF ARIZONA year-is a classic case in point. Through cates will call for unwise Government IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES most of the 1960's, the Federal Power measures such as fuel rationing and so Commission held a tight rein on the Friday, November 30, 1973 forth to see us through this crisis. But price of gas at the wellhead-so tight we must avoid allowing ourselves to be Mr. CONLAN. Mr. Speaker, now that that producers found it unprofitable and buffaloed by further attempts at bureau- the full impact of our energy crunch is gradually stopped exploring for new gas. cratization. becoming a painful reality, many people They picked up their rigs and went This energy crunch will be relieved by understandably wonder why we have abroad, where the chance of making a restoring the time-tested free market been caught with fuel shortages that profit in that very risky business was bet- demand and supply balance, thus allow- threaten our standard of living. ter than it was at home. The number of ing fair competitive forces to establish The most frequent question during my new wells drilled dropped year by year, realistic prices for natural gas at the Thanksgiving visit with Arizonans was and by 1968 the United States was using wellhead and gasoline at the pump. It why industry and Government in the more gas each year than was being dis- will not be permanently relieved by more world's most consumer-oriented nation covered. The problem of shortages, then, Government edicts and regulations. had failed to head off impending short- resulted less from inadequate resources We must also remember our own con- ages with increased supplies to satisfy than from ill-conceived regulation. tribution as consumers to the critical rising consumer demand. Mr. Speaker, Congress has, likewise, After all, we have not come close to missed the boat by failing before now to demand for energy. While we work to- running out of fuel in the physical sense. encourage development of so-called ward long-range solutions on a national There is plenty of tolerably clean fuel exotic energy sources-atomic fusion, level, as we now are in the Congress, we still available in the world. Thus far, it solar energy, coal gasification and lique- must also eliminate squandering of en- looks like the energy crisis is a self-in- fication, geothermal energy, tidal and ergy resources through inefficiency and flicted wound-that Uncle Sam's short- wind power, and magnetohydrodynamics. extravagance. sightedness is to blame, not Mother Na- Until the new House Energy Subcom- We must expect of industry an in- ture. mittee, of which I am a member, was creased efficiency in such areas as energy Frankly speaking, this energy crisis organized this year, none of the six or SO conversion, automotive design, and air- that has caused some talk in terms of committees and subcommittees con- line management. possible wholesale fuel rationing and cerned with energy had constructively We must expect of ourselves modera- other unwise Government measures that set out toward a long-term program to tion in such areas as heating and air- fail to get at the root issue of increasing develop these new energy sources to carry conditioning our homes and buildings, fuel supplies, was caused by Government us forward in the event of fossil fuel and driving our cars and other motor ve- mismanagement in the first place. shortages or depletion. hicles. Government officials were glad to ob- Even though our Energy Subcommit- Individual prudence in the use of en- lige oil companies that several decades tee is now moving full steam ahead to ergy at home, at work, and at play can ago asked for special privileges, such as pursue solar energy and the other ex- make a great contribution in moderating otics, because this was not started a the energy demand curve. oil import quotas, price fixing, and oil decade ago, we have been caught without We all have ample reason to trust the prorationing. This gave the bureaucracy alternative energy sources during the im- ability of American commonsense and a chance to regulate and control yet an- mediate fuel shortage problem. technology to solve the long-term energy other area of our economy. This has been aggravated by the Mid- crisis. We must each trust the other to But it was this sort of imprudent Gov- east oil cutoff and the fact that oil from exercise that restraint necessary to ease ernment meddling in the development Alaska is still 4 years away. As a re- the burden of the short-term energy and marketing of fuel that initially threw sult, we are in for some discomfort and crunch. our energy industry out of joint and al- belt-tightening for the next several years. REMARKS OF CONGRESSMAN JOHN B. CONLAN TO THE PRESS FOLLOWING HIS ELECTION AS 93RD CLUB PRESIDENT ON WEDNESDAY, JANUARY 10, 1973. WHERE WE STAND GERALO , FORD LIBRARY CONGRESSIONAL REFORM AND CONTINUED FUNDING OF U.S. MILITARY OPERATIONS IN SOUTHEAST ASIA HAVE DOMINATED WASHINGTON DISCUSSION SINCE THE 93RD CONGRESS CONVENED LAST WEEK. THESE VITAL ISSUES ARE OF GREAT CONCERN TO US ALL. AND THEY ARE OF SPECIAL CONCERN TO THOSE OF US AMONG THE 53-MEMBER FRESHMAN CLASS OF REPUBLICAN CONGRESSMEN. BUT UNLIKE SOME OF OUR COLLEAGUES ON THE OTHER SIDE OF THE AISLE, WHEN WE REPUBLICANS THINK OF CONGRESSIONAL REFORM WE ARE NOT THINKING OF THE USUAL STRAW MEN SET UP TO DIMINISH CONGRESSIONAL AUTHORITY AND PRESTIGE. SUCH ISSUES AS THE CONGRESSIONAL SENIORITY SYSTEM, CLOSED CAUCUS MEETINGS, FILIBUSTER RULES, AND so FORTH ARE TOPICS ON WHICH REASONABLE MEN HOLD DIFFERING OPINIONS. BUT THEY ARE NOT CRUCIAL TO A TRUE REFORM OF OUR LEGISLATIVE PROCESS. WE FRESHMEN REPUBLICAN MEMBERS OF THE 93RD CONGRESS THINK OF REFORM IN TERMS OF THE COMPLETELY UNREALISTIC WAY THAT CONGRESS NOW COLLECTS TAXES AND SPENDS REVENUE, WITH LITTLE MIND TO THE ELEMENTARY BUSINESS PROPOSITION OF RELATING EXPENDITURES TO INCOME. WE THINK ABOUT THE HYPOCRISY OF THOSE WHO COMPLAIN ABOUT EXECUTIVE POWER, BUT WHO AT EVERY TURN VOTE FOR CONGRESSIONAL LEGISLATION THAT INCREASES SUCH POWER. 2-2-2-2-2 AND WE THINK OF THE BUCK-PASSERS AMONG US -- THOSE WHO DECRY INFLATION, HIGH TAXES, AND ADMINISTRATION FISCAL POLICIES, BUT WHO PROMOTE AND VOTE FOR EXORBITANT FEDERAL EXPENDITURES WHILE CONTRIVING TO BLAME THE MAN IN THE WHITE HOUSE FOR TAX INCREASES AND A DETERIORATING ECONOMY. CONGRESSIONAL REFORM IS DESPERATELY NEEDED, DON'T MISUNDERSTAND ME. BUT IT IS NOT THE TYPE OF REFORM GENERALLY CONSIDERED. IT IS REFORM LIKE THAT PROPOSED BY TENNESSEE'S REPUBLICAN SENATOR BILL BROCK, WHICH WOULD ESTABLISH A MECHANISM WITHIN CONGRESS TO COORDINATE AND CONTROL CONGRESSIONAL TAXING AND SPENDING. CONGRESS HAS FOR TOO LONG TAXED WITH ITS LEFT HAND AND SPENT WITH ITS RIGHT, WHILE NEITHER HAND EVER HAS A NOTION WHAT THE OTHER HAND IS DOING. WE NEED A SMALL JOINT BUDGET COMMITTEE WITHIN THE CONGRESS, WITH A LARGE ENOUGH PROFESSIONAL STAFF TO KEEP A TIGHT REIN ON THE ENTIRE TAXING-SPENDING PICTURE. SUCH A COMMITTEE, WHILE COORDINATING TAXING AND SPENDING, WOULD FREQUENTLY RE-EVALUATE EVERY FEDERAL EXPENDITURE AND PROGRAM. THE TIME HAS COME TO STOP SIMPLY TALKING ABOUT THIS SCANDALOUS BUDGET SITUATION. CONGRESS, THIS YEAR, MUST DO SOMETHING CONCRETE ABOUT IT. FRESHMAN REPUBLICAN CONGRESSMEN CAN BE COUNTED ON TO SUPPORT THAT EFFORT. 3-3-3-3-3 ON THE SUBJECT OF VIETNAM AND THE PRESIDENT'S CURRENT POLICIES, I KNOW THAT I SPEAK FOR ALL NEW REPUBLICANS IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES WHEN I SAY THAT WE SUPPORT PRESIDENT NIXON'S EFFORTS TOWARD AN HONORABLE SETTLEMENT OF THAT CONFLICT AND AN END TO U.S. INVOLVEMENT IN SOUTHEAST ASIA. THOSE EFFORTS ARE NEARING A SUCCESSFUL CONCLUSION. FORD THE KEY TO ANY CONGRESSIONAL ACTION MUST BE TO CONTINUE SUPPORTING U.S. TREATY COMMITMENTS -- SPECIFICALLY THE SOUTHEAST ASIA COLLECTIVE LIBRARY DEFENSE TREATY AND PROTOCOL, SIGNED FOR THE UNITED STATES IN SEPTEMBER 1954 BY SECRETARY OF STATE JOHN FOSTER DULLES, MONTANA SENATOR MIKE MANSFIELD, AND NEW JERSEY CONGRESSMAN H. ALEXANDER SMITH, AND OVERWHELMINGLY RATIFIED BY THE U.S. SENATE IN FEBRUARY 1955. ANY ACTION BY CONGRESS TO MODIFY OUR RESPONSIBILITY TO DEFEND SOUTH VIETNAM FROM COMMUNIST AGGRESSION AND POSSIBLE TAKEOVER, AS AN ALTERNATIVE TO THE COURSE CHARTED BY THE NIXON ADMINISTRATION, RUNS COUNTER TO THAT TREATY'S REQUIREMENT THAT THE U.S. GIVE A FULL YEAR'S NOTICE TO RENOUNCE ITS FORMER PLEDGE TO SOUTHEAST ASIAN ALLIES. ANY ACTION BY CONGRESS TO CUT OFF APPROPRIATIONS NECESSARY TO CONTINUE U.S. ACTIVITIES IN SOUTHEAST ASIA WILL PREJUDICE THE PEACE NEGOTIATIONS AND WILL BE A REPREHENSIBLE BLIGHT UPON OUR NATION'S HONOR AND TRUST WITHIN THE COMMUNITY OF FREE NATIONS. FRESHMAN REPUBLICAN CONGRESSMEN ARE COMMITTED TO UPHOLD OUR NATION'S HONOR AND TO SUPPORT PRESIDENT NIXON'S POLICIES IN SOUTHEAST ASIA, AND WILL DO so UNTIL THIS TRAGIC CONFLICT IS BROUGHT TO AN HONORABLE CONCLUSION. #### REMARKS OF CONGRESSMAN JOHN B. CONLAN TO THE CAMELBACK KIWANIS CLUB AT THE BEEFEATERS RESTAURANT IN PHOENIX ON THURSDAY, FEBRUARY 15, 1973. THE BATTLE OF THE BUDGET GERALD LIBRARY I APPRECIATE THE CONCERN OF MANY OF YOU THIS TIME OF YEAR ABOUT CRIME IN WASHINGTON. I'M NOT TALKING ABOUT THE MUCH-PUBLICIZED INCIDENCE OF VIOLENT CRIME IN THE NATION'S CAPITAL. I'M TALKING ABOUT THE INSIDIOUS CRIME OF THEFT FROM HARD-WORKING TAXPAYERS, PERPETRATED IN CONGRESS IN THE NAME OF HUMANITARIAN CONCERN FOR THE OPPRESSED AND UNDERPRIVILEGED. THERE IS A LIMIT TO THE AMOUNT OF TAX MONEY THAT THE FEDERAL GOVERNMENT SHOULD BE ALLOWED TO CONFISCATE FROM INDIVIDUAL CITIZENS. PATRICK HENRY ONCE COMPLAINED ABOUT TAXATION WITHOUT REPRESENTATION. HE WAS FORTUNATE NOT TO HAVE LIVED LONG ENOUGH TO EXPERIENCE TAXATION WITH REPRESENTATION. THE FEDERAL GOVERNMENT COULD ACTUALLY TAKE A LESSON FROM THE TYPICAL WASHINGTON PICKPOCKET. AT LEAST WHEN THE PICKPOCKET STEALS YOUR WALLET, HE DOESN'T WASTE YOUR VALUABLE TIME BY REQUIRING YOU TO COMPLETE SEVERAL DOZEN COMPLEX FORMS FOR HIM BEFORE HE RELIEVES YOU OF YOUR HARD-EARNED CASH. INCOME TAX TIME IS THE SEASON OF THE YEAR WHEN WE DISCOVER THAT WE OWE MOST OF OUR SUCCESS TO UNCLE SAM. I FIND MYSELF IN AGREEMENT WITH THE CYNIC WHO OBSERVED THAT WHEN THE TIME COMES FOR THE MEEK TO INHERIT THE EARTH, TAXES WILL BE so HIGH THAT THEY WON'T EVEN WANT IT. 2-2-2-2-2 BUT PRESIDENT NIXON AND FISCALLY RESPONSIBLE MEMBERS OF CONGRESS HAVE DECIDED TO PUT A STOP TO THIS SEEMING INSISTENCE OF BIG SPENDING POLITICIANS TO SEND ALL HARD-WORKING CITIZENS TO THE POORHOUSE. FOR OUR PART -- THOSE OF US IN CONGRESS WHO HAVE DECIDED THAT THE TIME HAS COME TO REDUCE THE FEDERAL BUREAUCRACY AND RETURN POWER AND MONEY TO PEOPLE AT THE STATE AND LOCAL LEVEL -- WE WILL FIGHT FOR ONGRESSIONAL BUDGET REFORM AND RESPONSIBILITY. IF WE FAIL -- IF DEMOCRAT BIG SPENDERS OUT-VOTE US AND CONTINUE SPENDING MONEY NEEDLESSLY ON PORK BARREL LEGISLATION THEY EXPECT YOU TO PAY FOR -- PRESIDENT NIXON WILL VETO THEIR DECISION. WE WILL VOTE TO SUSTAIN SUCH VETOES, AND THE PRESIDENT HAS COURAGEOUSLY ANNOUNCED HIS INTENTION TO IMPOUND CERTAIN APPROPRIATED FUNDS -- TO REFUSE TO CONTRIBUTE TO INFLATION AND FORCE THE INEVITABILITY OF HIGHER TAXES. NO ONE CAN DENY THAT THE FEDERAL GOVERNMENT -- ITS ROLE IN OUR EVERYDAY LIVES -- HAS GROWN WAY OUT OF PROPORTION. THE TIME HAS COME TO UPHOLD THE RIGHT OF PEOPLE TO CONDUCT THEIR OWN AFFAIRS AT THE LOCAL LEVEL. AND THAT MEANS A VAST REDUCTION OF FEDERAL PROGRAMS MUST BE THE FIRST ORDER OF BUSINESS DURING THIS SESSION OF CONGRESS. FEDERAL POWER HAS ONLY GROWN TO ITS CURRENT AND UNWIELDY AND DANGEROUS LEVEL SINCE 1960. PRIOR TO 1930, THERE WERE ONLY 10 FEDERAL GRANT-IN-AID PROGRAMS -- MOSTLY CONCERNED WITH LAND GRANT COLLEGES, HIGHWAY CONSTRUCTION, VOCATIONAL EDUCATION, AND STATE EXPERIMENTAL STATIONS AND EXTENSION SERVICES. 3-3-3-3-3 ONLY 20 NEW FEDERAL PROGRAMS FOR AIRPORT AND HOSPITAL CONSTRUCTION, URBAN RENEWAL, AID TO IMPACT-AREA SCHOOLS, SEWAGE TREATMENT, AND LIBRARY SERVICES WERE STARTED IN THE POST-WORLD WAR II PERIOD THROUGH 1959. BUT DURING THE 1960s -- THE YEARS OF THE NEW FRONTIER AND THE GREAT SOCIETY -- A BURST OF FEDERAL LARGESSE AND A BYPASSING OF STATE AND LOCAL GOVERNMENTS IN DISPENSING IT CAME INTO EXISTENCE WITHOUT PARALLEL. THE NUMBER OF SEPARATE FEDERAL GRANT-IN-AID PROGRAMS JUMPED FROM 44 TO 430 -- ALMOST TEN-FOLD -- FROM THE YEAR OF THE LAST EISENHOWER BUDGET TO THE DAY PRESIDENT NIXON TOOK OFFICE IN 1969. THE FEDERAL OUTLAY FOR THESE PROGRAMS JUMPED FROM $6 BILLION IN 1960 TO $27 BILLION FOUR YEARS AGO -- AN INCREASE OF 450 PER CENT IN JUST EIGHT YEARS. PRACTICALLY ALL OF THE NEW KENNEDY-JOHNSON PROGRAMS OF THE 1960s WERE FUNCTIONALLY ORIENTED, WITH POWER, MONEY, AND DECISIONS FLOWING FROM PROGRAM ADMINISTRATORS IN WASHINGTON TO PROGRAM SPECIALISTS IN REGIONAL OFFICES TO FUNCTIONAL DEPARTMENT HEADS IN STATE AND LOCAL GOVERNMENT. THIS LEFT CABINET OFFICERS, GOVERNORS, COUNTY OFFICIALS, AND MAYORS LESS AND LESS INFORMED AS TO WHAT WAS ACTUALLY TAKING PLACE AND MADE EFFECTIVE HORIZONTAL POLICY CONTROL AND COORDINATION INCREASINGLY DIFFICULT AT ALL LEVELS OF GOVERNMENT. 4-4-4-4-4 WELL, MY FRIENDS, ALL THAT HAS GOT TO CHANGE. MILLIONS OF HA FORD if LIBRARY 9ERALD HARD-WORKING CITIZENS LIKE THOSE OF YOU HERE TODAY ARE JUST SICK AND TIRED OF SEEING THEIR HARD-EARNED MONEY CONFISCATED FOR QUESTIONABLE PROGRAMS BY WASHINGTON. THEY BELIEVE, AS I DO, THAT THE MONEY WILL BE USED WITH MORE CARE, AND PROGRAMS OPERATED MORE EFFICIENTLY AND LESS WASTEFULLY, BY OFFICIALS AT THE LOCAL LEVEL. PRESIDENT NIXON'S BUDGET MESSAGE LAST MONTH PROPOSED MAJOR CUTS IN SOCIAL PROGRAMS THAT HAVE PROVED INEFFECTIVE OR CAN SERVE NO FURTHER USEFUL PURPOSE. IF ADOPTED BY CONGRESS, HIS PROPOSED CUTBACKS IN SOCIAL, URBAN, AND FARM PROGRAMS AND SPECIAL REVENUE SHARING PROGRAMS FOR THE CITIES AND EDUCATION WILL SAVE TENS OF BILLIONS OF DOLLARS IN THE NEXT FIVE YEARS. BUT THE PORK BARREL SPENDERS IN CONGRESS HAVE ALREADY SERVED NOTICE THAT THEY WILL FIGHT TO CONTINUE THEIR FAVORITE LIBERAL SOCIAL AND URBAN PROGRAMS. NOT SATISFIED WITH THE FEDERAL GOVERNMENT'S RECORD OF FAILURE IN JOB TRAINING AND HOUSING, AND RELUCTANT TO END EXPENSIVE PROGRAMS THAT ARE NO LONGER NEEDED, THEY HAVE PROMISED TO CONTINUE AND EXPAND SUCH PROGRAMS, REGARDLESS OF COST OR CONSEQUENCES TO THE ECONOMY. PRESIDENT NIXON HAS A CONSTITUTIONAL MANDATE TO CONCERN HIMSELF WITH THOSE ECONOMIC CONSIDERATIONS AND THE EFFECT OF CONGRESSIONAL PROFLIGACY ON YOUR TAX BURDEN AND THE PRICES YOU PAY FOR GOODS AND SERVICES. 5-5-5-5-5 IF CONGRESS IS IRRESPONSIBLE IN THE CONDUCT OF ITS BUSINESS, COMMITTING THE NATION TO EXPENDITURE OF MORE FEDERAL FUNDS THAN ARE AVAILABLE WITHOUT INCREASED TAXES OR INFLATION, HE HAS AN OBLIGATION TO VETO SUCH EXPENDITURES OR IMPOUND FUNDS FOR LOW PRIORITY PROGRAMS. THERE IS NO CONTROVERSY ABOUT THE PRESIDENT'S RIGHT TO VETO LAWS HE DEEMS INAPPROPRIATE. BUT A CONSIDERABLE HUE AND CRY HAS BEEN RAISED BY HIS POLITICAL OPPONENTS OVER THE PRESIDENT'S RECENT IMPOUNDMENT OF APPROPRIATED MONEY AS A WAY TO HOLD DOWN FEDERAL SPENDING. CRITICS OF IMPOUNDMENT SAY THAT THE PRESIDENT IS ASSUMING POWER NOT DELEGATED TO HIM BY THE CONSTITUTION. THEY SAY THAT HE IS REQUIRED TO SPEND MONEY APPROPRIATED BY CONGRESS FOR FEDERAL PROGRAMS. THE PRESIDENT'S SUPPORTERS, ON THE OTHER HAND, ARGUE WITH EQUAL VEHEMENCE THAT, AS GUARDIAN OF THE NATION'S ECONOMIC HEALTH, HE HAS A RESPONSIBILITY NOT TO SPEND MONEY FOR PROGRAMS APPROVED BY CONGRESS IF SUCH SPENDING WILL SPUR INFLATION OR FORCE DAMAGING AND UNPOPULAR TAX INCREASES. THE WEIGHT OF EVIDENCE SUPPORTS THE PRESIDENT'S IMPOUNDMENT OF FUNDS. THE CONSTITUTION CLEARLY GIVES THE PRESIDENT THE RIGHT TO CONDUCT THE EXECUTIVE BRANCH OF GOVERNMENT. 6-6-6-6-6 WHEN FUNDS ARE PUT AT HIS DISPOSAL FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES, IT HAS ALWAYS BEEN ASSUMED THAT HE WOULD SPEND THEM AS DIRECTED. BUT WITH A FEDERAL BUDGET OF HUNDREDS OF BILLIONS OF DOLLARS, THE ONLY TEST OF WHETHER THE MONEY SHOULD BE SPENT MUST BE THE EFFECT OF SUCH SPENDING ON THE GOVERNMENT'S ENTIRE FINANCIAL POSITION AND THE STABILITY OF THE NATION'S CURRENCY, WHICH WE HAVE AGAIN THIS WEEK HAD TO REVALUE. THE PRESIDENT HAS A CLEAR RESPONSIBILITY TO PROTECT THE STRENGTH OF THE DOLLAR AND TO SEE THAT INFLATION IS NOT ENCOURAGED. WHEN CONGRESS OVERSPENDS, IT IS THE PRESIDENT'S DUTY TO RECTIFY THAT MISTAKE UNTIL THE PEOPLE CAN REPLACE IRRESPONSIBLE REPRESENTATIVES. I SHOULD POINT OUT TO YOU THAT, EVEN THOUGH THE NATION OVERWHELMINGLY RE-ELECTED PRESIDENT NIXON LAST NOVEMBER ALONG WITH AN ENTIRELY NEW HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES AND A THIRD OF THE SENATE, THE PRESIDENT AND CONGRESS TODAY HAVE ABSOLUTELY NO CONTROL OVER MORE THAN 70 PER CENT OF THE FEDERAL BUDGET. SUCH THINGS AS INTEREST ON THE NATIONAL DEBT, UNEMPLOYMENT INSURANCE, SOCIAL SECURITY BENEFITS, AND MANY SOCIAL PROGRAMS CANNOT BE AFFECTED BY LAWS WE WILL PASS. WE WERE COMMITTED TO THEM IN YEARS PAST. AND AS I HAVE SAID, ALMOST THREE-FOURTHS OF THE FEDERAL BUDGET -- AT LEAST $202 BILLION -- IS AN UNCONTROLLABLE OUTLAY. 7-7-7-7-7 WE CANNOT REPEAL LEGISLATION THAT COMMITTED US TO SUCH PROGRAMS. TO DO so WOULD BE TO BREAK FAITH WITH PEOPLE WHO RELY ON THEM. BUT WE CAN REFUSE TO EXTEND OR EXPAND PROGRAMS THAT HAVE EXPIRED OR ARE WASTEFUL. AND THAT IS WHAT WE SHOULD DO. CONGRESS HAS GOT TO ASSUME THE RESPONSIBILITY FOR FEDERAL SPENDING. BIG-SPENDING POLITICIANS IN CONGRESS CANNOT BE ALLOWED TO CONTINUE VOTING FOR INCREASED FEDERAL EXPENDITURES THAT THE NATION CANNOT AFFORD, FORCING THE PRESIDENT TO ASSUME THE POLITICAL LIABILITY OF VETOING SUCH LEGISLATION OR IMPOUNDING THE APPROPRIATIONS. I PROPOSED WHEN I WAS ELECTED PRESIDENT OF THE INCOMING GROUP OF 43 REPUBLICAN CONGRESSMEN THAT CONGRESS HAD TO REFORM ITS BUDGET PROCEDURES. MANY MEMBERS OF CONGRESS ARE HORRIFIED BY THE CURRENT HODGE-PODGE SYSTEM OF RAISING AND SPENDING MONEY, WHERE THE LEFT HAND THAT COLLECTS MONEY HAS NO IDEA WHAT THE RIGHT HAND THAT SPENDS IT IS DOING. IT IS AN IDEAL SYSTEM FOR THE BIG SPENDER WHO WANTS TO SUPPORT HIS OWN PET, PORK BARREL PROGRAMS WITHOUT BEING PUBLICLY ACCOUNTABLE FOR THE ECONOMIC CONSEQUENCES. IT IS GOOD TO KNOW THAT THE JOINT COMMITTEE ON THE BUDGET HAS JUST ISSUED ITS INITIAL REPORT PROPOSING JUST SUCH A REPLACEMENT OF THE PIECEMEAL BUDGETING PROCESS THAT NOW OBTAINS IN DOZENS OF OTHER UNCONNECTED CONGRESSIONAL COMMITTEES. 8-8-8-8-8 THE COMMITTEE HAS PROPOSED CONSIDERATION OF THE FEDERAL BUDGET AS A WHOLE THROUGH A SINGLE, GENERAL APPROPRIATION BILL, AND A CONGRESSIONAL VOTE EARLY IN EACH SESSION TO FIX A TIGHT CEILING ON TOTAL SPENDING. TO BE SURE, SUCH REFORMS ARE LONG OVERDUE. AND THOSE MEASURES WOULD ALLOW YOU, THE TAXPAYER, TO FIND OUT WHO AMONG YOUR ELECTED REPRESENTATIVES ARE THE CULPRITS FOR YOUR ENORMOUS FEDERAL TAX BURDEN AND INFLATION THAT IMPERILS THE ENTIRE NATIONAL ECONOMY. #### REMARKS OF CONGRESSMAN JOHN B. CONLAN (R-ARIZ) AT THE PINAL COUNTY REPUBLICANS LINCOLN DAY DINNER IN CASA GRANDE, ON MONDAY, FEB. 12, 1973 RETURNING POWER TO THE PEOPLE GERALD FORD LIBRARY When I speak on occasions such as this attended by scores of loyal Republicans, I am reminded of the old man who kept going regularly to church long after all his money was gone and his hearing had deteriorated. He could neither contribute to the offertory nor derive anything from the experience. His friends finally inquired of him one day why he continued going to church. He replied that he just wanted to show everyone which side he was on. That's what we're all doing here this evening. We're proud to show which side we're on. And so long as loyal Republicans like those of you here continue to reaffirm their devotion to the pro-American principles of the Republican Party, we will continue to win the kind of victory we received in the voting last November. Since I have been in Washington, I have learned to respect the tremendous insight of that great Oklahoman, Will Rogers. There are some mighty peculiar legislative proposals being sponsored by Democrat members of Congress. And since for the time being Democrats outnumber us Republicans on the Hill, those proposals are likely to get more than passing notice. Will Rogers once observed, "There is still a lot of monkey in us. Throw anything you want into our cage and we will give it serious consideration." I think the Democrats are committed to, demonstrating the truth of that statement. But President Nixon and the Republican leadership of the Congress are equally committed to responsible, limited government. And those of us in the Congress who share the Republican belief in individual responsibility, fiscal integrity, and local autonomy are committed to his sensible program to return power to the people and to decrease the scope and cost of federal programs. Abraham Lincoln summed up the principle underlying this Republican effort when he said: "The legitimate object of government is to do for a community of people whatever they need to have done, but cannot do at all, or cannot so well do for themselves, in their separate and individual capacities. In all that the people can individually do as well for themselves, government ought not to interfere." - more - 2-2-2-2-2 And offering a lesson for today's creative Republicanism, Lincoln also said: "The dogmas of the quiet past are inadequate to the stormy present. The occasion is piled high with difficulty and we must rise with the occasion. As our case is new, so we must think anew and act anew. We must disenthrall ourselves." In his Second Inaugural address and budget message to Congress, President Nixon has urged us to disenthrall ourselves of ideas and concepts of government that have been tried in the breach and failed -- the idea that throwing countless tax dollars at any problem will make it go away; that a massive, overlapping federal establishment can deliver the goods to those who need help; that for every wound, large or small, real or imagined, there should be a federal bandage to bind it. In his Inaugural Address, the President reached back to that early Republican philosophy, and describing the guidelines of his second term challenged us all to get with it, to do more -- not for government, but for ourselves. And in his budget message, the President said that his own personal philosophy of government was summed up in the words of the last article of the Bill of Rights -- the Tenth Amendment -- which says: "The powers not delegated to the United States by the Constitution, nor prohibited by it to the States, are reserved to the States respec- tively, or to the people." No one can deny that the scope of federal involvement in our everyday affairs has grown way out of proportion and that we must act decisively to return authority and revenue to state and local governments. Federal power has only grown to its current unwieldly and dangerous level since 1960. A small number of federal land grants constituted the extent of federal aid throughout most of the 19th century. Cash grants to the states and localities -- a source of much of today's friction and frustration in intergovernmental relations -- began only after the federal government started taxing income in 1913. It is difficult for some people to remember that the income tax has only existed for 60 years and that for more than two-thirds of our nation's history the federal government had to finance its programs on only one-fourth the amount of revenue that that tax provides. Prior to 1930, there had been only 10 federal grant-in-aid programs. The programs had evolved slowly from the 1880s on. They covered land grant colleges, state experiment stations and extension services, highway construction, forestry cooperation, and vocational education and rehabilitation. - more - 3-3-3-3-3 During F-D-R's New Deal, 14 additional programs were initiated covering public welfare assistance, employment security, public and child health services, fish and wildlife, public housing, and school lunches. During the post-World War II period running through 1959, 20 new programs were established. Of these, five were extensions of already existing programs. And the federal government started new programs for airport and hospital construction, mental health facilities, urban renewal, aid to federally-impacted school districts, sewage treatment plants, and library services. These 44 federal aid programs in existence in 1960 -- remember, they've grown from 1880 through 1960, and they now total 44 -- cost $6 billion. Of that $6 billion, $5 billion was for highways and welfare. Now, my friends, get set for the deluge. The 1960s -- the years of the New Frontier and the Great Society -- were the years when a burst of federal largesse and a bypassing of state and local governments in dispensing it came into existence without parallel. By 1969, the year President Nixon came into office, the number of separate federal grant-in-aid programs had proliferated from 44 to at least 430. Approximately 25 programs were legislated during a single session of Congress in 1965, and many that had been enacted earlier were expanded and broadened. Did this cost more money? Well, I'll say it did. The federal outlay for grant-in-aid programs jumped from $6 billion in 1960 -- the year of the last Eisenhower budget -- to $27 billion for the last Johnson budget in 1969. That is an increase of 450 per cent in just eight years. Practically all of the new grant programs of the 1960s were functionally oriented, with power, money, and decisions flowing from program administrators in Washington to program specialists in regional offices to functional department heads in state and local governments. This left cabinet officers, governors, county commissioners, and mayors less and less informed as to what was actually taking place and made effective horizontal policy control and coordination increasingly difficult at all levels of government. Well, all this has got to change. We now know that it doesn't take any imagination to dream up ways of spending and wasting the people's tax money. For a generation before 1968, that was the standard "solution" for every problem -- pour money on it, and maybe it will go away. - more - 4-4-4-4-4 That solution didn't work. In fact, it made many problems a great deal worse. But in 1968 and again in 1972, the people told the big-spending politicians still living in the past that they wanted a change -- a big change. The administration attempted a big step with its 1972 general revenue sharing legislation toward reversing the flow of political power. This session, the administration proposes to convert another $6.8 billion now available to states and localities in the form of narrow categorical grants into broader purpose revenue sharing grants that would allow state and local governments to decide what projects the money is to be used for. The money would be returned to the people for education, transpor- tation, urban and rural community development, manpower training, and law enforcement. And under the President's proposal, there would be no requirement of state and local matching funds as is now the case. This proposal that the federal government release some of its superior resources and at the same time transfer more decision-making power to state and local governments -- governments which are on the scene of action -- faces tough opposition from the empire-builders in Congress. But I assure you that the death notices -- or perhaps they're death wishes -- that you read and hear daily are exceedingly premature. The program has great merit and polls show that the great majority of people all over the country support it in principle. And so the lines are drawn. On the one hand are the big spenders in Congress -- the disciples of the "Big-Government-Knows-Best" philosophy used to justify the New Frontier and Great Society paternalism. These Big Government advocates don't think private citizens should be messing around with their federal empire. They don't think you and I have any right to know what's going on there. They are suspicious of their fellow citizens who want to save the taxpayers' money instead of spending it. They cannot conceive of how an efficient government could still be a government responsive to the people's wishes. On the other hand are the millions of hard-working taxpayers who are just sick and tired of seeing their hard-earned money, along with the right to decide how it should be spent, confiscated by Washington. - more - 5-5-5-5-5 These are the people who have built America -- with their hearts and minds and hands. They are the backbone of the nation they love -- working people earning between $5,000 and $20,000 a year, supporting families with no handouts from Uncle Sam. They have had to fight and scrimp to make ends meet. GERALD FORD LIBRARY Many of them moonlight at second jobs or have other members of the family working to supplement the family income. Their real wages didn't go up one thin dime during the second half of the '60s, thanks to higher taxes and inflation, the legacy of their free-wheeling, patronizing Democrat political leaders. These Forgotten Americans -- young and old, professional people and workers, farmers and city folks, white and black, red and brown -- have watched with trepidation and anger as the federal bureaucracy grew. And as it expanded, they saw it overwhelm and obliterate much of the power historically exercised by our towns and counties and states. But far too few of us were troubled enough to arouse America against the inexorable flow of power away from the people to the federal professionals in Washington. To be sure, we did sense the danger, though we failed to react soon enough to come to grips with it. Thirteen years ago, the Gallup Poll asked Americans throughout the country to choose among Big Government, Big Labor, and Big Business as the greatest threat to the nation in the future. At that time, only 20 per cent picked Big Government. The same question was asked again three years ago -- after a decade of an expanding federal presence in our society, and, after a decade of Congress increasingly dominated by radical-liberals who welcomed its growth. More than half 55 per cent -- of those responding named Big Government as the greatest single potential threat to the country. I can understand their frustration. They know how the arrogance of power operates. Like me, and many of you, they have seen it in meetings where men assert that it would be somehow dangerous to allow state and local officials to run their own programs. They have seen it in cavalier acts and judgments on the part of men who live thousands of miles from those of us in Arizona whose lives are directly affected by their decisions and pronouncements. - more - 6-6-6-6-6 They have seen it in the haughty demeanor of some bureaucrats, many of whom are vested with immense power, yet never face the test of the ballot box. I know at least some of you have experienced this yourselves. For example, have you, as businessmen or farmers, ever tried to appeal a bureaucratic decision that deeply affected your company or farm? Have you, as a senior citizen, ever tried to obtain legitimate benefits designed to help you in your need? And have you, as a plainordinary guy, ever received a cold, bureaucratic rejection of a request for information -- or just no answer at all? My friends, the time is now to reverse this flow of power to Washington. It is time to channel some of this excessive power back to the people. A handful of anarchists have tried their best to take over and debauch the very good and proper meaning of the phrase, "power to the people." But it has too profound and important a significance to allow this to happen. "Power to the People" was the fundamental principle that guided our founding fathers as they crafted the most perfect political document ever created by man. Government, they believed, should serve the people. A free people should not serve the government. Every phrase, every paragraph of the Constitution of the United States reflects in some degree that root thought. One great issue of the 1972 campaign was which philosophy of government the nation would follow in the last quarter of this century. Our opponents had an approach that began with government. We Republicans pledged an administration that would begin with people. And we have begun. But for this "Power to the People" philosophy of the Republican Party to succeed, it must have the enthusiastic support of all creative Republicans. We must build a working coalition that will turn back the tide of centralization and bureaucratic stagnation. To return power to the people, elected officials must make this philosophy a part of their everyday lives. "Power to the People" means that representatives remain responsive to the voters of their state. - more - 7-7-7-7-7 It means not becoming indebted to Eastern radical-liberal slush funds, foundations, and other such vested interests. It means that your representatives must speak for, must support, must vote for legislative measures which will further decentralize the federal bureaucracy. It means fighting for innovative, basic reorientations of the federal system -- measures like reform of manpower training, welfare, and taxation. "Power to the People" means that your congressman and senators must vote to eliminate -- that's right, cut out, not cut back -- any program that is no longer needed or that could be run better in the private sector. It does not mean ignoring the administration's economy proposals. "Power to the People" means having representatives who respect the skill and the knowledge of every working man and women in America, who understand how hard working people have to work for what they get -- representatives, therefore, determined to keep working people's taxes down. It does not mean contempt for the working people of America as "unthinking masses" and spending their tax dollars as if they were federal property to be dispensed as federal largesse. Finally, it means a senator or a congressman or a governor who practices the principles he preaches -- a man who makes you proud when you tell your children you voted for him. Power to the People also depends on the healthy respect of every man, woman, and child in this great land of ours for the laws that protect and guide us all. A constitutional republic is only safe so long as it has a robust and strong civil social order premised on the rule of law. Let us all, then, resolve to stand by and uphold the fairest system of law that the world has ever known. And in our resolve, let us call to mind the words of Abraham Lincoln, who said: "Let every American, every lover of liberty, every well-wisher to his posterity, swear by the blood of the revolution, never to violate in the least particular the laws of the country and never to tolerate their violation by others "Let reverence of the laws be breathed by every American mother to the lisping babe that prattles on her lap. Let it be taught in the schools, in seminaries, and in colleges. Let it be written in primers, spelling books, and in almanacs. Let it be preached from the pulpit, proclaimed in the legislative halls, and enforced in courts of justice. - more - 8-8-8-8-8 "And in short, let it become the political religion of the nation. And let the old and the young, the grave and the gay, of all sexes and tongues and colors and conditions sacrifice unceasingly upon its altars." You have been a patient audience. Don't rest on the laurels of last November. We have a message to spread and a tradition to uphold. And as our President has entreated us: "Let us go forward from here confident in hope, strong in our faith in one another, sustained by our faith in God who created us, and striving always to serve His purposes." ###### FORD & LIBRARY GERALD REMARKS OF CONGRESSMAN JOHN B. CONLAN AT FLAG DAY CEREMONIES SUN DEVIL STADIUM, ARIZONA STATE UNIVERSITY, TEMPE, ARIZONA, ON SUNDAY, JUNE 17, 1973. FORD is LIBRANY GERALD THE GREATEST SYMBOL OF FREEDOM AS I LOOK OUT ON THIS FIELD AT THE IMPRESSIVE DISPLAY OF OUR NATION'S FLAGS, ALL THE FAMILIAR TRIBUTES TO THE SYMBOL OF THE WORLD'S GREATEST EXPERIMENT IN FREEDOM COME TO MIND. ONE OF THE MOST MEMORABLE IS THAT OF PRESIDENT WOODROW WILSON, WHO SAID: "THE FLAG WHICH WE HONOR, AND UNDER WHICH WE SERVE, IS THE EMBLEM OF OUR UNITY OUR POWER OUR THOUGHT AND OUR PURPOSE AS A NATION. IT HAS NO OTHER CHARACTER THAN THAT WE GIVE IT FROM GENERATION TO GENERATION AND YET THOUGH SILENT, IT SPEAKS TO US -- SPEAKS TO US OF THE PAST, OF THE MEN AND WOMEN WHO WENT BEFORE US, AND OF THE RECORDS THEY WROTE UPON IT. "WE CELEBRATE THE DAY OF ITS BIRTH. AND FROM ITS BIRTH UNTIL NOW, IT HAS WITNESSED A GREAT HISTORY, HAS FLOATED ON HIGH, THE SYMBOL OF GREAT EVENTS, OF A GREAT PLAN OF LIFE, WORKED OUT BY A GREAT PEOPLE. "TRADITIONALLY A SYMBOL OF LIBERTY, THE AMERICAN FLAG HAS CARRIED THE MESSAGE OF FREEDOM TO MANY PARTS OF THE WORLD." HENRY WARD BEECHER SAID IT MORE SUCCINCTLY WHEN HE WROTE: "A THOUGHTFUL MIND, WHEN IT SEES THE FLAG, SEES NOT THE FLAG BUT THE NATION ITSELF. 2 "AND WHATEVER MAY BE ITS SYMBOLS, ITS INSIGNIA, HE READS CHIEFLY IN THE FLAG THE GOVERNMENT, THE PRINCIPLES, THE TRUTHS, THE HISTORY THAT BELONG TO THE NATION THAT SETS IT FORTH. "THE AMERICAN FLAG HAS BEEN A SYMBOL OF LIBERTY AND MEN REJOICED IN IT." OF ALL THE SYMBOLS OF AMERICAN BELIEF, UNITY, AND SACRIFICE, THE FLAG IS EASILY THE MOST COMPELLING. AND I KNOW THAT I NEED NOT REMIND THIS AUDIENCE THAT WE OWE OUR LOYALTY TO THE ENDURING IDEALS OF INDIVIDUAL FREEDOM AND LIMITED, RESPONSIVE GOVERNMENT THAT THE FLAG REPRESENTS. LET US CONSIDER FOR A MOMENT WHAT THIS COUNTRY STANDS FOR. IT STANDS FOR FREEDOM. IT STANDS FOR EQUALITY OF OPPORTUNITY AND FOR JUSTICE. I REALIZE THAT THESE CONCEPTS IN THE FULLEST REALIZATION WILL ALWAYS BE IDEALS GOALS. I REALIZE THAT THEY DO NOT EXIST IN PERFECTION HERE, OR ANYPLACE ELSE. OUR PRINCIPAL MINORITIES STILL SUFFER FROM INEQUALITY OF OPPORTUNITY. BUT WE HAVE IMPROVED GREATLY IN THE PAST TWO DECADES, AND WITH THE HELP OF ALL FAIR-MINDED CITIZENS WE SHALL CONQUER THIS DEFECT. THE BEAUTY OF OUR SYSTEM IS THAT IT DRAMATIZES FLAWS RATHER THAN CONCEALS THEM. AND DESPITE WHAT AMERICA'S DETRACTORS WOULD HAVE US BELIEVE, THIS COUNTRY, REPRESENTED BY THIS FLAG, IS PERHAPS THE GREATEST EXAMPLE THE WORLD HAS EVER SEEN OF THE SUCCESS THAT FREEDOM BRINGS. 3 BUT THE MEN WHO FOUNDED OUR COUNTRY DID NOT FIND A READY MODEL FOR THEIR CONCEPTS OF FREE GOVERNMENT. BECAUSE FREEDOM AT THAT TIME WAS LANGUISHING. THERE WAS A KING IN ENGLAND. THERE WAS A KING, LATER A DICTATOR, IN FRANCE. THERE WAS AN EMPRESS IN RUSSIA AND AN EMPEROR IN CHINA. SELF-GOVERNMENT DID NOT EXIST IN ANY MAJOR COUNTRY IN THE WORLD AT THE END OF THE 18th CENTURY. THE MEN WHO FOUNDED THIS NATION THEREFORE DREW THEIR CONCEPT OF FREEDOM IN LARGE PART FROM THEIR READING OF ANCIENT LITERATURE, OR FROM READING AUTHORS WHO WERE THEMSELVES INFLUENCED BY READING THE ANCIENTS. THE EXAMPLE OF A GOVERNMENT BY THE PEOPLE DID NOT EXIST FOR THEM IN THEIR CONTEMPORARY WORLD, BECAUSE IT HAD BEEN EXTINGUISHED WITH THE FOUNDING OF THE ROMAN PRINCIPATE 1,800 YEARS BEFORE. so WE SEE WHAT A RARE THING FREEDOM REALLY IS ... HOW FEW NATIONS AND HOW FEW PEOPLE IN THE HISTORY OF THE WORLD HAVE BEEN ABLE TO ENJOY IT. EVEN TODAY, A GREAT PORTION OF THE WORLD IS NOT FREE. THE VAST MAJORITY OF PEOPLE ARE SLAVES UNDER TOTALITARIAN GOVERNMENTS THAT DO NOT ALLOW THEIR PEOPLE TO MOVE AND TRAVEL FREELY, TO MAKE THEIR OWN DAILY DECISIONS, TO BUY AND READ WHATEVER THEY LIKE, TO WORK AT TRADES OF THEIR OWN CHOOSING. THESE PEOPLE ARE SUPPRESSED BY REGIMES THAT HAVE EXTINGUISHED INDIVIDUAL FREEDOM AND HAVE ENFORCED A SYSTEM OF UNIFORM POVERTY ON THE POPULACE. 4 STATISTICS INDICATE ONLY THE BONES OF THE SOCIAL BODY, BUT THEY DO NOT INDICATE ITS STRENGTH. IF WE WERE TO COMPARE THE PROPORTIONS IN EACH THOUSAND OF OUR POPULATION WITH THOSE OF THE MOST ADVANCED NATIONS OF THE WORLD, WE WOULD FIND SOME REASSURING EVIDENCES OF OUR STRENGTH. WE HAVE, FOR INSTANCE, A THIRD MORE OF OUR CHILDREN A LONGER TIME IN PRIMARY SCHOOLS THAN CHILDREN IN ENGLAND, FRANCE, GERMANY, AND JAPAN. WE HAVE PROPORTIONALLY THREE TIMES AS MANY IN SECONDARY SCHOOLS AND SIX TIMES AS MANY IN COLLEGES AND UNIVERSITIES. WE HAVE A FAR WIDER DIFFUSION AMONG THE PEOPLE OF BOOKS, MAGAZINES, AND NEWSPAPERS THAN ANY OTHER COUNTRY. IN PROPORTION TO OUR NUMBERS, WE HAVE DEVELOPED 10 TIMES AS MANY LABORATORIES OF SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH AND INVENTION. OUR APPLICATION OF SCIENTIFIC DISCOVERY HAS GROWN AT A PACE FAR BEYOND THAT OF ANY OTHER NATION. WHILE IT HAS INCREASED OUR PROBLEMS, YET WITH THE INCREASED PRODUCTIVITY FROM IT HAS COME THE ENLARGEMENT OF LEISURE AND THE EXTENSION OF CONSTRUCTIVE RECREATION. WE HAVE COME INTO A FULLER LIFE FOR ALL OF THE PEOPLE, HAVE GIVEN INCREASING SCOPE TO CREATIVE POWER AND THE EXPANSION OF EVERY MAN'S MIND. MORE THAN ANY OTHER LEADING COUNTRY, WE HAVE ADVANCED THE REALITIES OF HUMAN JUSTICE -- NOT ALONE IN EDUCATION BUT IN A VAST SERIES OF PROTECTIONS TO CHILDREN, TO PUBLIC HEALTH, TO CONDITIONS OF LABOR, MAKING FIRM THE OPEN DOOR OF OPPORTUNITY. 5 AND OUR SYSTEM OF LIBERTY -- THROUGH ITS STIMULATION OF COMPETITIVE INDIVIDUAL EFFORT, ITS CREATION OF ENTERPRISE, ITS DEVELOPMENT OF SKILL, AND ITS DISCOVERIES IN SCIENCE AND INVENTION WHICH COME FROM INTELLECTUAL FREEDOM -- HAS PROVED THE VERY MOTHER OF PLENTY. GERALD FORD LIBRARY THIS IS WHY I AM PROUD OF THAT FLAG. IT IS A FLAG TO CHERISH, NOT TO DISDAIN. THE ENDURING IDEALS FOR WHICH IT STANDS -- INDIVIDUAL FREEDOM AND LIMITED, RESPONSIVE GOVERNMENT -- ARE IDEALS THAT MEN HAVE FOUGHT AND DIED FOR, AND WHICH, GOD HELP US, THEY WILL ALWAYS BE WILLING TO FIGHT AND DIE FOR. AND so WE CELEBRATE THE BIRTH OF OUR NATION'S FLAG, LET US ALSO CELEBRATE OUR NATION'S UNPRECEDENTED ACHIEVEMENTS. LET US UNDERSTAND THAT AMERICA WENT FORWARD BECAUSE AMERICA LOOKED OUTWARD ... THAT HER PEOPLE PUT PURPOSE -- A LIFE OF HIGH ADVENTURE AND INDIVIDUAL EXCELLENCE -- ABOVE PROSPERITY AS A LIFE FORCE. IN CLOSING, I LEAVE WITH YOU THE MEMORABLE WORDS OF PRESIDENT BENJAMIN HARRISON: "GOD PITY THE AMERICAN CITIZEN WHO DOES NOT LOVE THE FLAG ... WHO DOES NOT SEE IN IT THE STORY OF OUR GREAT FREE INSTITUTIONS, AND THE HOPE OF THE HOME, AS WELL AS THE NATION." ### REMARKS OF CONGRESSMAN JOHN B. CONLAN AT THE PINAL COUNTY FOSTER GRANDPARENT RECOGNITION LUNCHEON, CENTRAL ARIZONA COLLEGE, COOLIDGE, ARIZONA, 12 NOON, JUNE 16, 1973. GROWING YOUNG TOGETHER FORD & LIBRARY GERALD THERE IS AN OLD STORY ABOUT A MAN WHO WENT TO HIS DOCTOR ONE DAY AND ASKED WHAT HE SHOULD DO so THAT HE COULD LIVE TO BE 100. THE DOCTOR'S RESPONSE WAS THAT THE MAN SHOULD GIVE UP EVERYTHING. HE SHOULD GIVE UP HIS WORK, GIVE UP HIS PLAY, AND GIVE UP HIS FRIENDS. AND HE SHOULD DO ABSOLUTELY NOTHING THAT WOULD CAUSE HIM TO EXERT HIMSELF. THEN THE MAN ASKED, "AND THEN YOU CAN PROMISE ME I WILL LIVE TO BE 100?" "NO," SAID THE DOCTOR. "BUT IT SURE WILL SEEM LIKE IT." WELL, YOU KNOW, THE DOCTOR HAD A POINT. FOR NOTHING AGES A PERSON FASTER THAN THE FEELING THAT HE IS UNNEEDED, HE IS UNWANTED, AND HE IS UNPRODUCTIVE. SENATOR CARL HAYDEN ONCE PUT IT THIS WAY: "MOST PEOPLE," HE SAID, "SAY THAT AS YOU GET OLD YOU HAVE TO GIVE UP THINGS. I THINK YOU GET OLD BECAUSE YOU GIVE UP THINGS." I THINK MOST OF YOU WOULD AGREE WITH THAT. BUT WHAT I WOULD LIKE TO TALK ABOUT TODAY IS THE FREQUENT FAILURE OF OUR SOCIETY TO PUT THIS WISDOM INTO PRACTICE ... TO INVOLVE OLDER PEOPLE IN THE LIFE OF OUR AMERICAN SOCIETY TO COPY THE EXAMPLE YOU ARE SETTING IN PINAL COUNTY, WHERE YOUNG PEOPLE AND SENIOR CITIZENS GROW YOUNG TOGETHER. 2 THIS IS A GREAT TRAGEDY. IT MEANS THAT OLD AGE, WHICH SHOULD BE A TIME OF PRIDE AND FULFILLMENT -- PRIDE AND FULFILLMENT LOOKING BACK AND LOOKING FORWARD -- IS TOO OFTEN A TIME OF ISOLATION AND WITHDRAWAL. RATHER THAN BEING A TIME OF DIGNITY, IT IS OFTEN A TIME OF DISAPPOINTMENT. AND THE GROWING SEPARATION OF OLDER AMERICANS ALSO MEANS THAT WE ARE NOT TAKING FULL ADVANTAGE OF A TREMENDOUS RESERVOIR OF SKILL AND WISDOM AND MORAL STRENGTH THAT OUR NATION DESPERATELY NEEDS AT THIS MOMENT IN ITS HISTORY. THERE IS ONE THING I KNOW ABOUT THE OLDER GENERATION IN AMERICA. THEY BELIEVE IN THIS COUNTRY. THEY HAVE FAITH IN THIS COUNTRY. THEY HAVE THE MORAL STRENGTH AND CHARACTER THAT WE NEED THAT ALL AMERICANS NEED. THERE HAS BEEN MUCH TALK IN RECENT YEARS ABOUT THE GENERATION GAP. BUT WHILE THIS GENERATION GAP BETWEEN THE YOUNG AND THEIR PARENTS HAS CAPTURED OUR ATTENTION, AS IT SHOULD, THE GENERATION GAP BETWEEN OLDER AMERICANS AND THE REST OF OUR PEOPLE HAS OFTEN JUST BEEN IGNORED. IT HAS BEEN SLIGHTED. THE TIME HAS COME FOR A NEW ATTITUDE TOWARD OLD AGE IN AMERICA. THE TIME HAS COME TO CLOSE THE GAP BETWEEN OUR OLDER CITIZENS AND THOSE WHO ARE NOT YET OLD. 3 THE WAY TO DO THIS, I BELIEVE, IS AS YOU ARE DOING IT: IT IS TO STOP REGARDING OLDER AMERICANS AS A BURDEN AND TO START REGARDING THEM AS A GREAT RESOURCE FOR AMERICA. THIS MEANS THAT THE ATTITUDE YOU EXPRESS THROUGH THIS FOSTER GRANDPARENT PROGRAM IN PINAL COUNTY MUST BE BUILT UP THROUGHOUT THE COUNTRY A NEW ATTITUDE TOWARD OLD AGE WHICH INSISTS THAT THERE CAN BE NO RETIREMENT FROM LIVING, NO RETIREMENT FROM RESPONSIBILITY, NO RETIREMENT FROM CITIZENSHIP. THERE ARE COUNTLESS WAYS IN WHICH THE EXPERIENCE AND THE ENERGY OF RETIRED PERSONS CAN CONTINUE TO BE TAPPED. THIS PROGRAM IS FAR AND AWAY ONE OF THE BEST I KNOW OF. THERE IS NO GREATER SATISFACTION FOR SENIOR CITIZENS, I AM SURE, THAN THE TREMENDOUS EXPERIENCE AND THRILL OF HELPING MENTALLY RETARDED OR OTHERWISE HANDICAPPED OR UNDERPRIVILEGED CHILDREN. AND SENIOR CITIZENS LIKE YOU WHO PARTICIPATE IN A PROGRAM SUCH AS THIS BRING TO IT SOMETHING THAT MONEY JUST CANNOT BUY: COMMITMENT AND CARING. WHERE OLDER PEOPLE ARE WILLING TO DO THAT, WHERE THEY WANT TO DO THAT, WE HAVE GOT TO GIVE THEM A CHANCE. THE COUNTRY NEEDS THEM. THEIR SERVICE NOT ONLY MAKES A TREMENDOUS CONTRIBUTION TO THE LIVES OF OTHERS, BUT ALSO GIVES A NEW PRIDE AND PURPOSE TO THEIR OWN EXISTENCE. 4 OUR NATION HAS A HIGH OBLIGATION TO A GENERATION WHICH HAS GIVEN so MUCH TO ITS SERVICE. THE NATION'S COMMITMENT TO ITS OLDER CITIZENS, HOWEVER, ALSO GROWS OUT OF A MORE SELFISH CONSIDERATION, AND THAT IS THIS: WE NEED YOU. WE NEED YOUR EXPERIENCE. WE NEED YOUR PERSPECTIVE. GERALD FORD LIBRARY AND, ABOVE ALL, WE NEED YOUR SENSE OF VALUE. BECAUSE, YOU KNOW, THIS CAN BE A STRONG NATION ECONOMICALLY. IT IS -- WE ARE THE RICHEST NATION IN THE WORLD. IT CAN BE A STRONG NATION MILITARILY -- IT IS THE STRONGEST IN THE WORLD. AND IT CAN BE AN EMPTY SHELL IF WE FORGET THAT THOSE MORAL AND SPIRITUAL VALUES, TO WHICH YOUR GENERATION IS so DEEPLY COMMITTED, ARE ALSO THERE. I HAVE ALWAYS FELT RATHER FORTUNATE -- PARTICULARLY FORTUNATE, I SHOULD SAY -- THAT MY OWN PARENTS HAVE LIVED RELATIVELY LONG LIVES. THEY SHARED A LOT WITH ME WHEN I WAS YOUNG, AND STILL SHARE MUCH WITH ME NOW THAT I AM OLDER AND REPRESENTING MY FELLOW CITIZENS IN THE CONGRESS. MY FATHER, WHO WAS A NATIONALLY-KNOWN MAJOR LEAGUE BASEBALL PLAYER AND UMPIRE, USED TO SPEND A LOT OF TIME WITH ME AS A BOY. HE LIKES TO TELL THE STORY ABOUT MY SAND-LOT BASEBALL GAMES, WHICH HE WOULD RUSH TO SEE AFTER CALLING SEVERAL MAJOR LEAGUE GAMES OF HIS OWN. I WASN'T A GREAT HITTER. IN FACT, I RARELY MADE IT TO FIRST BASE. AND AFTER A PARTICULARLY DISAPPOINTING GAME, MY DAD CAME UP TO ME, PUT HIS ARM AROUND MY SHOULDER AND GAVE ME HIS TREMENDOUS "DAD KNOWS BEST" LOOK. 5 "SON," HE SAID, "YOU'RE NEVER GOING TO MAKE IT IN BASEBALL. DO YOURSELF A BIG FAVOR, AND STICK TO THE BOOKS." I ACTED ON THAT ADVICE AND DAD ENCOURAGED ME IN EVERY WAY TO PURSUE MY STUDIES. THANKS TO THAT ENCOURAGEMENT, I WENT TO NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY, FROM THERE TO HARVARD LAW SCHOOL, ON TO THE HAGUE ACADEMY OF INTERNATIONAL LAW, INTO THE U.S. ARMY, AND BACK TO ARIZONA FOR EIGHT YEARS IN THE STATE SENATE, AND ON TO WASHINGTON TO SERVE YOU IN THE CONGRESS. THERE WERE TIMES WHEN THE GOING GOT ROUGH, AND BUT FOR MY PARENTS' ENCOURAGEMENT AND LOVE I MIGHT HAVE STOPPED SHORT OF COLLEGE DURING MY YOUNGER YEARS BEFORE I HAD THE WISDOM TO SEE THE IMPORTANCE OF THAT EDUCATION AND WORLD TRAVEL. BUT THAT SHOWS WHAT THE OLDER GENERATION CAN DO TO YOUNGER PEOPLE WHO HAVE NOT BEEN THROUGH AS MUCH, WHO MIGHT GIVE UP. YOU CAN SEE WHY WE NEED YOU, WHY YOUNGER PEOPLE NEED YOU, YOUR ADVICE, YOUR WISDOM, YOUR STRENGTH, YOUR PERSPECTIVE, AND ESPECIALLY YOUR LOVE. IF WE ALLOW OUR SOCIETY TO BECOME FRAGMENTED, so THAT YOUNGER AMERICANS ARE CUT OFF FROM OLDER AMERICANS, THEN EACH MEMBER OF OUR SOCIETY WILL ALSO BECOME FRAGMENTED, WITH YOUNG PEOPLE CUT OFF FROM THEIR PAST AND OLDER PEOPLE FROM THE FUTURE. I HAVE MET MANY WISE MEN AND WOMEN -- SOME OF THEM WORLD LEADERS -- IN MY TRAVELS TO MORE THAN 80 COUNTRIES IN THE WORLD. I DID NOT AGREE WITH ALL OF THEM, BUT I LEARNED FROM ALL OF THEM, YOUNG AND OLD. 6 I REMEMBER THAT SIR WINSTON CHURCHILL, AFTER WORLD WAR II WHEN HE HAD BEEN REPUDIATED BY THE BRITISH PEOPLE AND THEN CALLED BACK TO SERVE THEM AS THEIR PRIME MINISTER, HAD SAID IN HIS REMINISCENCES ABOUT HIS PUBLIC LIFE SOMETHING ABOUT HIS FAVORITE QUOTATION FROM SOPHOCLES, THE GREEK POET. HE SAID, "ONE MUST WAIT UNTIL THE EVENING TO SEE HOW SPLENDID THE DAY HAS BEEN." " I WANT ALL OF YOU IN THIS AUDIENCE TO KNOW THAT WE WANT THE EVENING OF YOUR LIVES AND THE EVENING OF ALL LIVES OF OLDER AMERICANS TO BE GOOD EVENINGS, FINE EVENINGS. WE WANT YOU IN THE EVENING OF YOUR LIVES TO BE ABLE TO LOOK BACK AND SAY, "HOW SPLENDED THE DAY HAS BEEN." AND WE WANT THE CHILDREN WHO COUNT ON YOU so MUCH DURING THE DAY WHILE THEIR PARENTS WORK TO BE ABLE TO SAY AS THE RESULT OF THEIR ASSOCIATION WITH YOU AND THEIR LIVES AT HOME, "HOW SPLENDED THE DAY IS." ### FORD LIBRARY is GERALD REMARKS OF CONGRESSMAN JOHN B. CONLAN AT THE VOICE OF AMERICANISM DINNER, HERITAGE HOUSE, GLENDALE, CALIFORNIA, ON FRIDAY, JUNE 15, 1973. FORD + LIBRARY GERALD COMING TO GRIPS WITH OUR WELFARE SCANDAL I KNEW BEFORE I WENT TO WASHINGTON THAT ONE OF THE BIGGEST SCANDALS FACING THIS COUNTRY IS THE WELFARE MESS. BUT IT WASN'T UNTIL I DELVED SERIOUSLY INTO THE VARIOUS STUDIES OF FEDERAL WELFARE PROGRAMS THAT THE ASTONISHING MAGNITUDE OF THIS MESS BEGAN TO TAKE SHAPE. THE WEARY TAXPAYER READS ABOUT SUCH THINGS AS FOOD STAMPS, JOB TRAINING, PUBLIC HOUSING, RENT SUPPLEMENTS, MODEL CITIES, COMMUNITY ACTION PROJECTS, LEGAL SERVICES, NEIGHBORHOOD HEALTH CENTERS, MEDICAID, AID TO FAMILIES WITH DEPENDENT CHILDREN MANPOWER TRAINING, AND ON AND ON. WE KNOW THAT PUBLIC ASSISTANCE PROGRAMS ARE COSTING TAXPAYERS MORE THAN $16 BILLION OF FEDERAL MONEY EACH YEAR, WHICH AMOUNT IS DOUBLED WHEN STATE AND LOCAL MONEY IS ADDED TO THE TOTAL. WE KNOW THAT MORE THAN 15 MILLION AMERICANS -- MANY OF THEM ABLE-BODIED AND CAPABLE OF WORK -- ARE RECEIVING MONEY UNDER ONE OR MORE WELFARE PROGRAMS. AND WE KNOW FROM SURVEYS THAT HAVE BEEN TAKEN THAT AT LEAST A FOURTH OF ALL PUBLIC ASSISTANCE CASES INVOLVE FRAUD THAT HARD-WORKING TAXPAYERS ARE BEING BILKED HAND-OVER- FIST OF BILLIONS OF DOLLARS BY UNSCRUPULOUS WELFARE CHISELERS WHO CRIMINALLY SUBSIST OFF THE PUBLIC TROUGH. 2 IT WAS ONLY A FEW YEARS AGO THAT CONGRESSIONAL RESEARCHERS PUT TOGETHER A COMPILED TOTAL OF WELFARE FUNDS A FAMILY COULD RECEIVE FROM THE FEDERAL GOVERNMENT IF THAT FAMILY TOOK NORMAL ADVANTAGE OF ALL AVAILABLE PUBLIC ASSISTANCE PROGRAMS. THIS IS A HYPOTHETICAL FAMILY OF FIVE -- A MOTHER AND four CHILDREN ... ONE A PRE-SCHOOLER, ONE IN ELEMENTARY SCHOOL, ONE IN HIGH SCHOOL, AND ONE IN COLLEGE. THIS FAMILY COULD COLLECT $2,800 FROM PUBLIC ASSISTANCE; $618 FROM MEDICAL ASSISTANCE BECAUSE OF AID FOR DEPENDENT CHILDREN; $336 IN CASH VALUE FOR FOOD STAMPS; AND ABOUT $200 FROM OEO FOR LEGAL SERVICES AND HEALTH CARE. THE FAMILY WOULD ALSO BE ENTITLED TO PUBLIC HOUSING OR RENT SUPPLEMENTS RANGING IN VALUE FROM $406 to $636. THE PRE-SCHOOL CHILD WOULD BE ENTITLED TO ENTER HEADSTART, THE AVERAGE COST BEING $1,050 FOR EACH YOUNGSTER. THE CHILD IN HIGH SCHOOL WOULD BE ELIGIBLE FOR $1,440 WORTH OF SERVICES FROM UPWARD BOUND, AND THE YOUNGSTER IN COLLEGE WOULD BE ELIGIBLE FOR AN EDUCATION OPPORTUNITY GRANT WORTH ANYWHERE FROM $500 to $1,000. THE COLLEGE STUDENT WOULD ALSO BE ELIGIBLE FOR A NATIONAL DEFENSE EDUCATION LOAN, WHICH HAS A SO-CALLED FORGIVENESS FEATURE IF YOU STUDY IN CERTAIN FIELDS THAT AMOUNTS TO AN OUTRIGHT GRANT OF $520. HE WOULD ALSO BE ELIGIBLE FOR A WORK-STUDY PROGRAM COSTING IN THE NEIGHBORHOOD OF $475. IF THE MOTHER WANTED TO PARTICIPATE IN THE JOB OPPORTUNITY PROGRAM, THIS WOULD BE WORTH $3,000. 3 so THIS AVERAGE WELFARE FAMILY -- A MOTHER WITH FOUR CHILDREN, INCLUDING TWO THAT ARE EMPLOYABLE -- WOULD BE ABLE GERALD FORD LIBRARY TO TAKE ADVANTAGE OF GRANTS AND SERVICES WORTH ALMOST $12,000 FOR THE YEAR. A MOTHER WITH EIGHT CHILDREN -- EVEN IF FIVE OF THEM ARE EMPLOYABLE COULD TOTAL AN ANNUAL WELFARE INCOME OF MORE THAN $21,000. I SHOULD REITERATE AT THIS POINT THAT ONLY DIRECT PUBLIC ASSISTANCE AND JOB TRAINING PROGRAMS ARE INCLUDED IN THIS $16 BILLION ANNUAL FEDERAL WELFARE PACKAGE THAT I HAVE JUST DISCUSSED. THERE ARE MORE THAN 168 PROGRAMS GEARED IN WHOLE OR IN PART TO COMBATTING POVERTY, ACCORDING TO FEDERAL BUREAUCRATS. THE TOTAL FEDERAL SOCIAL WELFARE EXPENDITURE EACH YEAR IS $92 BILLION, OR MORE THAN ONE-THIRD OF THE TOTAL FEDERAL BUDGET. WITH THIS TREMENDOUS COMMITMENT OF TAX REVENUE TO WELFARE PROGRAMS, IT IS PAST TIME TO BE TALKING ONLY IN TERMS' OF "WELFARE REFORM." IT IS TIME FOR COURAGEOUS POLITICAL LEADERS TO ASK IN BEHALF OF THE AMERICAN TAXPAYER WHO FOOTS THE BILL FOR THESE PROGRAMS WHETHER THE PRINCIPLE BEHIND THESE PROGRAMS IS VALID, AND IF IN FACT THE PROGRAMS ARE HELPING LOW-INCOME PEOPLE BREAK AWAY FROM THE POVERTY CYCLE. THE REASON I SAY IT IS PAST TIME TO DISCUSS THIS MATTER FORTHRIGHTLY IS BECAUSE AT THIS TIME THERE IS NOT ONE, SINGLE PIECE OF LEGISLATION BEFORE CONGRESS TO REFORM THE WELFARE SYSTEM. 4 WE KNOW THAT TAXPAYERS ARE BEING ROBBED IN ONE OUT OF FOUR WELFARE PAYMENTS. BUT WHAT IS BEING DONE TO STOP IT? WE KNOW THAT THE FEDERAL GOVERNMENT HAS SPENT MORE THAN $42 BILLION FOR JOB TRAINING PROGRAMS AROUND THE COUNTRY, YET WE STILL HAVE AROUND THE SAME UNEMPLOYMENT RATE. HOW MANY OF THOSE SO-CALLED "TRAINED" PEOPLE ARE STILL WORKING? HOW HAVE THESE PROGRAMS HELPED THEIR EARNING SKILLS? WE KNOW THAT UNEMPLOYMENT IS HIGH AMONG LOW-INCOME PEOPLE. BUT WE ALSO KNOW THAT HUNDREDS OF THOUSANDS OF SKILLED AND UNSKILLED POSITIONS REMAIN UNFILLED IN THE JOB MARKET AT THIS VERY MOMENT. WHY AREN'T THE INDIGENT UNEMPLOYED TAKING THESE POSITIONS? HAVE WELFARE PAYMENTS FROM VARIOUS WELFARE PROGRAMS BECOME so LUCRATIVE THAT THESE PROGRAMS ACTUALLY NOW DISCOURAGE WORK? HAS OUR PENCHANT TO BE GOOD CHRISTIANS -- TO BE OUR BROTHER'S KEEPER -- .MADE US EASY TARGETS FOR SOCIAL ENGINEERS WHOSE SOCIALIST IMPULSES OPPOSE THE WORK ETHIC AND MILITATE AGAINST OUR CAPITALIST SYSTEM? ARE WE, IN EFFECT, DESTROYING OURSELVES DIGGING THE GRAVE OF OUR ECONOMIC SYSTEM THAT HAS PROVIDED MORE FREEDOM AND CREATURE COMFORTS FOR OUR CITIZENS THAN ANY OTHER DEVISED BY MAN? THERE ARE TWO THINGS THAT WE MUST DO, AND WE MUST DO NOW, TO STOP THIS TREND TOWARD NATIONAL BANKRUPTCY EMBODIED IN THE WELFARE STATE PHILOSOPHY OF THOSE WHO AUTHORED GREAT SOCIETY AND WAR ON POVERTY PROGRAMS. 5 FIRST, THE AMERICAN PEOPLE MUST CATEGORICALLY AFFIRM THAT WELFARE IS NOT AN AUTOMATIC RIGHT. IN MILTON FRIEDMAN'S PHRASE, WE MUST NOT BE ASHAMED TO SAY, "THERE IS NO SUCH THING AS A FREE LUNCH." FORD & LIBRARY GERALD THERE ARE ONLY A SMALL NUMBER OF PEOPLE WHO NEED TAX- SUPPORTED ASSISTANCE: THE DISABLED AND HANDICAPPED, ESPECIALLY VETERANS, DEPENDENT CHILDREN, AND A FEW OTHER CATEGORIES OF CHARITY CASES. EVERY OTHER CLASS OF WELFARE RECIPIENT ... THOSE WHO ARE ABLE-BODIED INDIGENTS RECEIVING PUBLIC ASSISTANCE MUST WORK AT GOVERNMENT PROJECTS TO RECEIVE PAYMENTS, MUST ACCEPT JOB TRAINING, AND MUST ACCEPT JOBS IN THE PRIVATE SECTOR WHEN THEY ARE AVAILABLE. THIS WORK REQUIREMENT MUST BE WRITTEN INTO LAW AND BECOME A CONDITION FOR ALL WELFARE ASSISTANCE AT BOTH THE FEDERAL AND STATE LEVEL. LET'S GET AWAY FROM THE DOLE-ITIS THAT HAS AFFLICTED US FOR so LONG. YOU AND I HAVE TO EARN OUR WAY IN LIFE. WHY MUST THAT CONDITION BE WAIVED FOR ABLE-BODIED MEN AND WOMEN WITH THEIR HANDS EXTENDED FOR TAX-SUPPORTED CHARITY? ONCE WE HAVE ACCEPTED THAT AS A PREMISE FOR OUR PUBLIC ASSISTANCE PROGRAMS, WE CAN THEN SERIOUSLY UNDERTAKE THE HERCULEAN TASK OF CLEANING UP THE ADMINISTRATION OF WELFARE AT BOTH THE FEDERAL AND STATE LEVEL. 6 FOR THAT TASK, THE NATION CAN TAKE SEVERAL PAGES FROM THE WELFARE CASEBOOK OF YOUR OWN GREAT STATE OF CALIFORNIA, WHICH, UNDER THE ABLE GUIDANCE OF GOVERNOR RONALD REAGAN, HAS ESTABLISHED AN ENVIABLE RECORD IN DRAMATICALLY TURNING AROUND A STAGGERING WELFARE CRISES. THE DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH, EDUCATION, AND WELFARE OFFICIAL WHO WILL TAKE ON THIS JOB IN WASHINGTON IS CALIFORNIA'S OWN ROBERT CARLESON, FORMERLY GOVERNOR REAGAN'S STATE DIRECTOR OF WELFARE, AND NOW COMMISSIONER OF WELFARE AT HEW. CARLESON'S WELFARE REFORMS IN CALIFORNIA RESULTED IN A SHARP CRACKDOWN ON WELFARE CHEATERS, REDUCED INTERFERENCE FROM HEW, SLASHED PAYMENTS TO THOSE ENRICHING THEMSELVES ON WELFARE, AND VASTLY REDUCED CONTROL OVER WELFARE PROGRAMS PREVIOUSLY HELD BY PROFESSIONAL WELFARE DOLE ADVOCATES. THERE ARE NOW A QUARTER MILLION LESS WELFARE RECIPIENTS IN CALIFORNIA THAN:THERE WERE THIS TIME A YEAR AGO. THIS REDUCTION IN CALIFORNIA'S WELFARE PROGRAMS, WHICH HAS RESULTED IN SLASHES IN FOOD STAMPS, MEDI-CAL, AND OTHER SOCIAL SERVICES, HAS ALLOWED 42 OF THE STATE'S 58 COUNTIES TO REDUCE THEIR PROPERTY TAXES. SIMILAR REFORMS ON A NATIONWIDE LEVEL COULD CUT THE COST OF WELFARE BETWEEN 30 AND 50 PER CENT. WEST VIRGINIA IS ANOTHER STATE THAT HAS FOLLOWED CALIFORNIA'S LEAD ON THE WELFARE FRONT. GOVERNOR ARCH MOORE HAS FULFILLED HIS PLEDGE TO REDUCE WELFARE COSTS, TAKE PEOPLE OFF WELFARE AND PUT THEM INTO PRODUCTIVE WORK, AND IMPROVE SERVICES FOR THOSE WHO REALLY NEED THEM. 7 SINCE MOORE TOOK OFFICE FOUR YEARS AGO, THE NUMBER OF UNEMPLOYED FATHERS RECEIVING WELFARE HAS BEEN REDUCED FROM OVER 5,000 TO JUST OVER 1,000. HEW FIGURES FOR THE 22-MONTH PERIOD FROM DECEMBER 1970 TO SEPTEMBER 1972 SHOW THAT WEST VIRGINIA LED THE NATION FOR 19 MONTHS IN REDUCING ITS ASSISTANCE CASELOAD. THE STATE PIONEERED A PROGRAM REQUIRING WOMEN ON WELFARE GERALD FORD LIBRARY TO WORK. AND THROUGH ADMINISTRATIVE REFORMS, 93,000 PEOPLE HAVE BEEN TAKEN OFF WELFARE ROLLS IN A STATE THAT HAS ONLY 1.8 MILLION PEOPLE. THE KEY TO THESE SUCCESSES IN CALIFORNIA AND WEST VIRGINIA HAS BEEN THE DEVELOPMENT OF A WELFARE PHILOSOPHY AIMED AT SPECIFIC PROGRAM OBJECTIVES -- SOMETHING THAT JUST DOES NOT EXIST IN REALITY UNDER THE "DOLE" CONCEPT IN MOST GOVERNMENT AGENCIES. THE MAINSTAY QF THE REFORMS HAS BEEN THE REVOLUTIONARY NOTION THAT I DISCUSSED BEFORE -- THAT WELFARE IS NOT'AN AUTOMATIC RIGHT, THAT IT SHOULD BE AVAILABLE ONLY TO THE REALLY "DOWN AND OUT," AND THAT IT SHOULD BE KEYED TO PREVENT PERMANENT DEPENDENCY. TAXPAYERS HAVE A RIGHT TO EXPECT SIMILAR REFORMS ON A NATIONAL SCALE. PEOPLE WHO PAY THE BILLS FOR OUR NATIONAL GOVERNMENT DESERVE NO LESS THAN RESOLUTE ACTION TO END THE "BREAD AND CIRCUSES" PHILOSOPHY THAT HAS GREASED THE BUREAUCRATIC WASHINGTON WELFARE MONSTER FOR MORE THAN A DECADE. 8 ELECTED AND APPOINTED OFFICIALS MUST COME TO GRIPS WITH THIS WELFARISM GONE WILD. BUT MORE IMPORTANTLY, ALL OF US MUST REASSERT THE NOTION OF SELF-RELIANCE THAT TO GIVE ACCOUNTABILITY BEFORE GOD, BEFORE ONE'S FAMILY AND BEFORE ONE'S COUNTRYMEN, ONE IS OBLIGED TO WORK HARD AND LONG. THAT PRINCIPLE, SINCE THE DAWN OF WELFARISM, HAS BEEN SUBSTANTIALLY ERODED. IT IS UP TO THOSE OF US WHO STILL LIVE BY IT TO CHAMPION IT. THE VAST MAJORITY OF AMERICANS PRACTICE THE WORK ETHIC IN THEIR EVERYDAY LIVES. THEY BELIEVE IN IT. NOW THEY MUST CHAMPION IT AS THE BASIS OF OUR SUCCESS AS A NATION. BUT HAVING REKINDLED THE WORK ETHIC AS THE MOVING FORCE OF OUR LIVES, WE MUST THEN UPHOLD THE EQUALLY VITAL PRINCIPLE THAT ENJOYING THE FRUITS OF ONE'S OWN LABO IS THE FOUNDATION OF OUR PRECIOUS INDIVIDUAL FREEDOM. WITHOUT THE REWARD OF OUR LABOR, THERE IS NO INCENTIVE TO CARRY ON. WE REST OUR MATERIAL SUCCESS AS A NATION AND PEOPLE ON THE FOUNDATION STONE OF PRIVATE PROPERTY. WE ARE ALL NOW WELL AWARE THAT IT IS INCREASINGLY THE ATTITUDE OF SOME PEOPLE WHO RUN GOVERNMENT THAT AMERICANS ARE IN ALL ECONOMIC MATTERS WARDS OF THE STATE. I DON'T THINK IT HAS EVER OCCURRED TO SENATOR MC GOVERN THAT IT IS AN ALMOST EVIL PRESUMPTION FOR THE STATE TO REACH INTO THE LIFE OF THE AVERAGE CITIZEN IN THE WAY GENERALLY SANCTIONED BY SOCIALIST AND COMMUNIST COUNTRIES. 9 THE AVERAGE AMERICAN SPENDS 40 HOURS A WEEK WORKING. DURING THAT TIME HE EARNS HIS PITTANCE, OR HIS THOUSANDS. SOME OF IT NEEDS TO BE TAXED TO RUN CORPORATE ENTERPRISES THAT ONLY THE STATE CAN FEASIBLY ADMINISTER. BUT THE ARGUMENTS GENERALLY ACCEPTED NOWADAYS DO NOT ACKNOWLEDGE THE PRESUMPTION AGAINST TAKING MONEY FROM PEOPLE FOR PURPOSES WILDLY UNRELATED TO THE SURVIVAL OF SOCIETY. SOME POLITICIANS TALK ABOUT PEOPLE'S EARNINGS AS THOUGH THE EARNINGS WERE THEIR'S AT THEIR SUFFERANCE. ALL THAT MUST CHANGE. WE MUST CONTINUE THE NOBLE TRADITIONS OF SPIRITUAL DEDICATION, THE CENTRAL PLACE OF THE INDIVIDUAL, THE WORK ETHIC, AND PRIVATE PROPERTY. PROPERTY IN A FREE SOCIETY IS EARNED, NOT STOLEN. AND THIS NATION'S WELFARE SYSTEM, AS A HALLMARK OF OUR NATIONAL MALAISE, HAS BECOME A CAREFULLY CALCULATED SYSTEM OF LEGALIZED PLUNDER THAT IS NOT APPRECIABLY IMPROVING THE LOT OF THE UNDERPRIVILEGED, BUT WHICH IS FAST MAKING YOU AND I SLAVES OF A VAST BUREAUCRATIC ARMY IN WASHINGTON AND STATE CAPITALS THROUGHOUT THE COUNTRY. I HAVE NO INTENTION OF SITTING BY WHILE ALMOST 200 YEARS OF THE WORLD'S MOST PERFECT EXPERIMENT IN FREEDOM IS DESTROYED BY THESE UNELECTED SOCIAL ENGINEERS. BUT LIKE OTHERS IN THIS FIGHT WITH ME IN THE CONGRESS, WE CAN'T DO IT ALONE. WE NEED YOUR HELP. 10 COMMIT YOURSELVES. EDUCATE YOURSELVES. FOLLOW YOUR LEADERS. AND LET'S TURN THIS COUNTRY AROUND AND RETURN TO THE FREE SOCIETY THAT WE ALL LOVE so WELL. THAT GREAT AMERICAN POET EDWARD EVERETT HALE SAID IT FOR US WHEN HE WROTE: "I AM ONLY ONE, BUT I AM ONE, I CANNOT DO EVERYTHING, BUT I CAN DO SOMETHING, AND WHAT I CAN DO, THAT I OUGHT TO DO, AND WHAT I OUGHT TO DO, BY THE GRACE OF GOD, I SHALL DO!" ### FORD i LIBRARY GERALD E 5962 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD Extensions of Remarks September 20, 1973 I do not know how we can balance off DO NOT STOP LEARNING BE HONEST some of our recent history. But I do This is commencement-the time of com- With yourself and with others at all times. know that we can do the correct and mencing-the time to add to your fund of Integrity is an absolute necessity for anyone moral thing now. Let us hurl the Arab knowledge. Most of you want to change the in the pursuit of excellence. threats back into the teeth of those who American system for the better. Good. But, ALWAYS, REMEMBER WHERE YOU CAME FROM utter them. Let us prevent the Jackson- no one is qualified to alter a system he does not understand. Remember those who helped you grow and Vanik amendments from being weak- Be curious. develop, and achieve from early life. Remem- ened. We can do no less. Discover all you can about yourself, your ber the university that helped you acquire job, and this world. Learn not only from the fund of knowledge which has brought text books and teachers, but also from you thus far on your way. friends, enemies, and above all, remember Don't forget where you learned to think- DREAM GREAT DREAMS that every life experience has something to in an orderly and disciplined fashion As offer. Be especially curious about our eco- you progress, remember where you came HON. ROBERT P. HANRAHAN nomic and political systems. from. And never fail to reach back and help others as you have been helped. They control and run our country. and I OF ILLINOIS am thorougly convinced that these avenues HAVE FAITH IN YOURSELF IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES present the best, and perhaps the only strat- Be a person of worth, and know it. egies to fulfill our aspirations for freedom HAVE FAITH IN GOD, AND IN THE GOODNESS Thursday, September 20, 1973 and liberation. OF LIFE BE READY Mr. HANRAHAN. Mr. Speaker, recent- Members of the gratest fraternity in the ly the Perspective magazine of the Chi- Take advantage of all opportunities-not world, composed of good men and women of cago Tribune reprinted excerpts from a only when opportunity knocks at your door- all generations, past and present, and of all but be ready to knock on opportunity's door. speech given by George Johnson to the races, who have given their lives in the quest DO NOT HATE graduating class of Xavier University in for truth and in the service of humanity, Hate is unproductive. It creates nothing have known that both life and power come New Orleans. of value, and has a much more corrosive from a supreme being. Mr. Johnson is president of Johnson effect on the hater than the hated. Love is The eternal law of justice and love governs Products Co. In 1954 he borrowed $250 the only antidote to hate. the universe. Whoever breaks this law suc- to start his business. This year he expects ceeds only in breaking himself. Once we lose HARBOR NO ENVY his company's sales to reach $25 million. reverence for God, we lose reverence for man Envy, like hate, is self-destructive. It is The speech is directed to the young and nature. wise to emulate those who are successful. black American but the thoughts that Strive to be like your models. But, never Mr. Johnson puts forth as his credo for FORD covet your model's possessions. success are ones we would all do well to FREE PRESS IMPERILER BY NEVER BE VINDICTIVE observe. JOURNALISTS THEMSELVES Do not hold a grudge. A grudge is inside I would like to share this article with one's self where it distorts the beauty of the my colleagues as I feel it represents ideas spirit. HON. JOHN B. CONLAN and ideals which can be of benefit to all BE PROUD OF ARIZONA our young people. Never be arrogant. No matter how great IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES The article follows: your success or your achievements, always treat others with the dignity due them by Thursday, September 20, 1973 "DREAM GREAT DREAMS"-BLACK BUSINESS- reason that they are human beings so en- MAN'S CREDO FOR SUCCESS dowed by the creator regardless of life sta- Mr. CONLAN. Mr. Speaker, many of (By George Johnson) tion. All achievers are proud people. us in the Congress have become all too I fully understand the impatience of young familiar with the growing active involve- DREAM GREAT DREAMS black Americans. It is abundantly clear why ment of the news media in the actual af- Then plan and work to fulfill them. There so many young people have attempted to fairs of government. are those who belittle dreamers. I don't. For, accelerate, thru new and innovative efforts, I know he who never dreamed, never had a Many members of the fourth estate, affirmative change within the establishment. dream come true. committed to a particular ideological po- Our job ahead is to produce more and MAKE NO SMALL PLANS sition, have earnestly sought to become more and more black Americans who are more than news reporters and commen- ready, willing and able to do their jobs in Continue to develop your mentality of success. Establish the highest goals for your- tators. They have become intimately in- an excellent way. Our objective must be to produce more selves and strive to achieve them. May I volved as protagonists in public events, who have planned and prepared to go into suggest to you that we never exceed our promoting them, shaping them, and then the world and conquer it-while realizing goals. We at times-temporarily fall short of reporting them as they see fit. full well that the real world is not the world the high goals. But, over the long haul, we This trend became apparent during the never do better than we set out to do. we wish. early days of the civil rights movement It just happens to be the only world we BE DETERMINED TO SUCCEED almost 20 years ago. But it has reached have. It is the arena in which we must Do your job-every bit of it-exquisitely. almost limitless proportions during the compete. Even do well the parts of the job you don't unfolding events of Watergate, in which I kid you not, that arena is complicated, like. Some of the immature among us, speak correspondents and reporters are as complex, and frequently deceptive. It is of "doing their thing" which I have dis- much participants and actors in the fraught with many pitfalls, not the least of covered is doing only that part of their life's drama as most key figures themselves. which are the twin evils of segregation and work they enjoy. As a result, many Americans now seri- discrimination. In order to beat the odds Do your thing-and do it well, but be black graduates must wear the mark of ex- mindful that the unemployment offices are ously question the objectivity and accu- cellence at all times. filled with those who only did "their thing." racy of news coverage and reporting, Today, 1973, we, as a racial group, are half both in newspapers and on radio and BE DISCIPLINED way to democracy. For instance, we have television. Rightly or wrongly, the Amer- half as many young people in college as we Plan, prepare, establish, and meet targets. ican press is now viewed by many as a should have, we earn a little more than half Be punctual and make regularity an invio- growing threat to our free institutions of the earnings of our white brothers and late habit. Keep in mind the important things in life are the things we do all the by becoming a social engineer or change have three times as many in jail as we should time-not the "sometime" activity. agent seeking to remake American soci- have. ety according to the ideological biases That we survived and have fought and WORK FOR INTEGRATION, BUT UNDERSTAND of some journalists and correspondents. struggled to this half-way point, in just IT WELL The editors of the Tucson Daily Citi- four generations, is no matter of shame. It The simplistic but misleading definition is a record of the magnificence of a people zen have stated their concern about this indicates personal relationships, usually of about whom we can all be justly proud. blacks moving to mingle with whites. My trend in their profession. They see advo- You are children of destiny. Therefore, we definition denotes integrating with oppor- cacy and participatory journalism, where have to expect the very best from you in tunity. I advise all to go to opportunity newsmen are protagonists in news events, order that those who follow will have a bet- wherever it is, and don't care who else is as a serious and fundamental threat to ter chance. All this is in your hands: near it. freedom of the press itself. And they have Par 1969 September 20, 1973 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD of Remarks 5963 concluded that responsible members of treatment of the President than anti-Nixon "We have reviewed this (mishandling) with the news profession themselves must newspapers would be. our staff to make certain there is no repeti- end this abusive trend and return Amer- Recognizing all of that, we nevertheless tion." ican journalism to standards of balance, are persuaded that the abuses that have re- The explanation of how AP "booted it" sulted because members of the press have came more clearly into focus when we re- fairness, and responsibility that origi- become participants in the Watergate drama ceived a special article from our Newsday nally were its proud hallmarks. must be pointed out. service on the subject of Watergate news Mr. Speaker, I would like to include in Not only that, these abuses must be de- reporting. the RECORD at this point an excellent nounced and attacked until they are halted. The Newsday article, which is published editorial from the Tucson Daily Citizen Otherwise, the free press of America will today on the Perspective page opposite this and an equally poignant column written come to be known as an unfair press-and page, stands as a credit to "the press" in by Paul McKalip, the Citizen's editor, with the serious consequence of jeopardizing the full sense of that term. The article its own freedom. exposes clearly the way in which those who characterizing the danger of these abuses are "the press" in Washington have taken to the news profession. LETTER FROM THE EDITOR: "PRESS" ON THE unto themselves a "proprietary interest" in With them, I would also like to include PROWL Watergate. an article by Thomas Collins, of Newsday (By Paul McKalip) In so conducting themselves, professional News Service, that succinctly details the journalists have breached their trust as I do not claim that the Tucson Daily Citi- extent of unethical press involvement in members of the separate and independent zen is "the press" any more than I accept the Fourth Estate. Newsday analyst Thomas the Watergate inquiry. misconception that the Washington Post and Collins goes so far as to compose this in- This commentary appeared in the the New York Times are "the press." dictment: Citizen on August 29, and deserves the Nevertheless, I concede that the Post- "Besides being a physical presence on the most serious attention of all public offi- Times axis comes close to being "the press" scene, the press is playing an active role in cials and citizens, as well as members of on the Washington scene where their report- the proceedings and may shape the outcome ers are in full cry in a fox-and-hounds chase the journalism community: in ways that have not yet been measured." with President Nixon as their quarry. That kind of involvement, whether born [From the Tucson (Ariz.) Daily Citizen, There is another force on the Washington of bloodlust for a hounded Nixon or spurred Sept. 29, 1973] news front, however, a force that should be by individual dreams of journalistic glory, ANOTHER WATERGATE ABUSE: REPORTERS AS providing a balanced report of the news. It is is not just unbecoming of those who repre- PROTAGONISTS made up of the professional journalists who sent newspapers and their readers all over The press, which through the efforts of comprise the capital staffs of the two na- the country. It is downright unacceptable some of its members achieved one of its finest tional wire services, Associated Press and conduct in the eyes of many of us who also hours in the uncovering of the Watergate United Press International. claim a share of being "the press." scandal, now is seeing itself become tarnished Every segment of "the press," virtually all We in Tucson, together with many others by ensuing events. of the daily newspapers in all the 50 states, in newspapers elsewhere, will hope that our Both the "Letter From The Editor" on this relies on either or both AP and UPI for com- wire service forces in Washington will re- page and the principal story on the adjoining plete on-the-scene news coverage. The Citi- turn to the Watergate story, when the hear- Perspective page reveal the extent to which zen, desiring to have the fullest possible na- ings resume, with a regained sense of bal- some members of the press have become in- tional reporting, takes both AP and UPI ance, fairness and responsibility. volved as actors in the Watergate affair. services. The double cost is reflected in added It is axiomatic that when a newsman be- value for Citizen readers. ETHICS OF JOURNALISM VIOLATED: PRESS EN- comes a protagonist in a news event, objective Regretfully to say, both AP and UPI have JOYING "FREE-FOR-ALL" WITH WATERGATE coverage of that event flies out the window. seemed on occasion to forget their larger re- STORY That is why one of the first lessons a sponsibility for full and fair coverage. I re- (By Thomas Collins) budding journalist must learn, in school or fer, as you might surmise, to Watergate news The Watergate press corps has been dug in on the job, is to avoid personal involvement. coverage. on Capitol Hill for the past few months like Such involvement by those who report the One glaring error of omission on the part of both wire services has been explored thor- an army holding a strategically vital position. news is always to be shunned-and most It holds the high ground, so to speak, in the newspapers strive to keep it that way. oughly by us in recent weeks. On June 14, Sen. Carl Curtis, R-Neb., in a Battle of Watergate, and its presence sym- The ideal is not always attained. There are bolizes the fact that the press has a proprie- occasional slips by individual reporters and speech in the Senate, made a strong indict- tary interest in this story as it seldom has various members of the media. Newspaper ment of Democratic majorities on Senate in- had before. people are human, too. vestigating committees. He was speaking So entangled has the press become in But what has been going on in the coverage from personal experience earlier as a member of the Senate Committee on Rules and Ad- Watergate that it sometimes breaches its of the Watergate saga appears to be mass ministration when it investigated the Bobby own doctrine of the separation of powers. dereliction of the duty to remain objective. Notes passed from newsmen to Senate com- The intended justification for departing from Baker scandal during the Johnson adminis- mittee aides not infrequently result in ques- the role of observer-reporter and becoming tration. tions put by the senators to witnesses in the a participant is that it is being done in order That committee was charged with probing television-lit caucus room. Senators solicit to bring out the whole truth. the machinations of Bobby Baker's rise from the superior information the press has about In other words, it's the old-and always fair-haired page boy to multimillionaire many of the details and nuances of Water- faulty-story of the end justifies the means. while operating under the Capitol dome (and gate. It is no secret that the "end" of bringing under Johnson's patronage) The two sides sometimes trade informa- down President Nixon would satisfy many Sen. Curtis declared in his June speech tion, and the press, unhappy about a line of persons who have the privilege of reporting that every effort to tear the lid off the Baker case had been blocked "by a straight (Demo- questioning, will try to initiate an area of the news to the American people. In this inquiry through the stories it writes or by a case, the target is so toothsome for them that cratic) party vote." they are willing accomplices. For anyone interested in honesty in poli- word dropped to a committee staff member. Members of the Watergate press corps are Not only have reporters fallen into this tics and government, which is what the cur- distingished by their stamina, and by the trap, but so have various newspapers and rent Watergate committee investigation is television outlets-an even greater blow to supposed to be about, Sen. Curtis' speech fact that many of them have been covering the story for more than a year and the Sen- the credibility of the nation's news media. was timely and pertinent. The Citizen and hundreds of other news- ate hearings since they began. Therefore, it was not without regret that the Tucson Daily Citizen decided to publish papers did not carry a word about the Curtis They can remember the date of the McCord the Perspective page analysis, written by speech-because they did not receive the letter and can probably recite the names of Thomas Collins of Newsday, of the role stories they should have received from either all seven Watergate defendants. They can of their responsible Washington news sources, recall pretty accurately who contradicted played by the press thus far in the Watergate AP or UPI. whom, what Ehrlichman said, what Mitchell events. We learned about the speech much later said. Some of them, as a wire service editor Although the Citizen strongly supported and indirectly. Finally, the Citizen devel- said, are walking repositiories of the thou- Richard Nixon in the last two presidential oped its own complete story and published sands of pages of testimony and documents campaigns, that did not keep this newspaper it July 20. that are so much a part of Watergate from editorially denouncing the Nixon Ad- Then we wrote stern letters to top execu- FATIGUE AND PANIC ministration for this tawdry chapter in tives in New York of both AP and UPI. They are also wrist-weary from taking presidential affairs. H. L. Stevenson, editor of UPI, responded notes for six or seven hours a day and Still, it is the Citizen's hope that President with a renewed pledge of "dedication to the panicky about getting caught in Washington Nixon will survive the Watergate catastrophe fairness doctrine." traffic at deadline. Some of the newsmen and and continue to govern the nation effectively. Conrad Fink, assistant general manager of women sitting in the Caucus Room have Because of that hope, the Citizen un- AP, gave us a two-page report and admitted: made the White House "enemies list." They doubtedly is more sensitive to unfair news "Simply stated, we booted 1t." He added: work 12 to 18 hours a day, neglect their fami- E 5964 CONGRESSIONAL Extensions of Remarks September 20, 1973 lies and tend to lie around the house on consistently injected into the story by the Washington Post. They approached Post Ex- weekends. They go to sleep with Watergate committee, by the witnesses and by its own ecutive Editor Benjamin Bradlee to discuss voices in their ears and Sam Ervin's eyebrows efforts to get at the facts. it. dancing in their heads. The administration plants stories to dis- "They wanted to play a little 'show and At lunch time they can be found at the credit former presidential counsel John W. tell,' Bradlee said. 'We'll tell you and you Carroll Arms restaurant around the corner Dean III and tries to use the press to smear tell us,' I told them to buzz off." The Post from the Old Senate Office Building or typing George McGovern and the peace demonstra- is still pursuing Watergate with five investi- up their notes in the Senate press room with- tors of 1972. The Senate Watergate Commit- gative reporters, including Bob Woodward in the sound of the tourist lines. tee seeks out the press for information and and Carl Bernstein, who dug up most of the Mary McGrory, the syndicated columnist trades it for leaks, and the newsmen leap over original revelations about Watergate. The for the Washington Star-News, who has been the traditional barriers that divide partici- Post's court reporter is covering the hear- audited twice by the Internal Revenue Serv- pants from spectators. ings. ice, carries a sandwich to a nearby park and The result is a media free-for-all. Opinions vary among newsmen about the lets the greenery blow Watergate from her CBS newsman Daniel Schorr has even been propriety of suggesting questions and trad- mind. "It's reviving," she says. approached by Senate aides soliciting ques- ing information. Bradlee says flatly that LIBRARY There is no composite picture of the Wa- tions to feed to their bosses, but he has the practice is bad. "True journalists be2 tergate reporter that would not be unjust to turned them down. "I stay away from the long in the audience, not on the stage, with some, but in general they are an anti- senators," he says, "I have a great fear of tele- all their independence intact," he said. Nixon crowd who, at the same time, pride vision influencing the event, of staging "That's a cardinal ethic." themselves in attempting to report the story things." James Squires of the Chicago Tribune, who accurately and fairly. CHAFING AT GAPS is covering the hearings, said he found it dif- They generally regard the proceedings in During the hearings it was perhaps inevita- ficult to condemn the practice of trading in- the Caucus Room as show business or "good ble that newsmen-interrogators them- formation because of the intense pressure in theater" and have developed a cynical toler- selves-found themselves chafing at gaps in the pursuit of the Watergate story. ance for the "star" value of Ervin & Co., the questioning of witnesses and tried to fill "If you step back, you may see some good which has resulted in the blossoming of the gaps wherever they could. One way they purpose in bringing out the truth. I don't see "Uncle Sam" sweatshirts, presidential found to do it was to get their questions to any danger in trying to get the story out. If drums for Sen. Howard Baker and boxes of the committee and hence to the witness in a you were suppressing a story, that would be cigars for Sen. Herman Talmadge. sort of circuitous news conference. a danger and would raise a serious question Most Watergate-hearing reporters knew Schorr, for instance, when Haldeman was of ethics." the Senate committee members before they on the stand, expressed dissatisfaction to BETTER INFORMED became TV personalities and are as irrever- Samuel Dash, the majority counsel, with the ent toward them as they are toward Nixon. Mary McGrory points out that "reporters questioning of Haldeman about the White Physically, the newsmen and women are have been covering the story for so long they House tapes. He ticked off a number of ques- are more familiar with it than the senators, tired, but not unhappy, Watergate is the tions that he said were unanswered. and there are such gaps of information. The benchmark of their journalistic lives as well Later, he said it was "just about the first as a way of life itself. It seems to go on and reporters can't get at it, and they hope the time I have ever done that, and it was done senators can get it for them." on. out of frustration and more to find out if "I think I'll be involved in it for the rest One method the press uses to get questions Dash had answers to my questions, I'm look- asked is to mention the unanswered ques- of my life," says Ben Bradlee, the executive ing for information; I'm not trying to inspire tions in the articles they write, enabling the editor of the Washington Post. "We won't questions." committee to pick them up. That method is see the likes of it again." Other reporters covering the hearings pass favored by James Naughton of the New York STORIES NEGLECTED notes through the committee attorneys or Times, who questions the propriety of pass- Like most reporters and editors in Wash- senators' press aides. Not all the reporters ing notes and said he was unaware of the ington, Bradlee worries about the stories do it, and the exact number doing so is im- practice. that are being neglected because of the re- possible to determine, but if the White "I have qualms about doing it surrepti- sources being used on Watergate. If govern- House tried to plant questions with re- tiously," he said, "because it might create the ment work is slowed down because of the porters at a news conference, the press would appearance of collusion between the press scandal, some of the work it is doing is get- be the first to object. and the committee, that they were out to get ting short shrift from the press. Most of the questions get asked, accord- somebody. It's better to do it in print." One government agency official complains ing to Dick Magowan, press aide to Sen. NO VENDETTA that he cannot get the coverage for his pro- Lowell P. Weicker, R-Conn. Magowan reg- ularly receives the questions and channels The press insists that it does not want to grams that he did in the past. "I've been told there are no camera crews available or them to Weicker. get anybody; and to its credit it has been any photographers. Watergate is taking up An aide to Sen. Howard Baker, R-Tenn., playing both sides against the middle: It said he got "two or three" such notes a week takes leaks wherever it can get them. all the manpower." In size and numbers the media have and passed them on. While he was standing "The story boils down to two things," in the committee room, he took one out of Squires says. "Nixon's guilt or Nixon's inno- thrown almost as many troops into the story. his jacket pocket. It was unsigned. cence. If you pursue stories about Nixon's as into the Vietnam War. It would be safe innocence as much as you do stories about to say that at least a third of the entire "I haven't had a chance to pass this on his guilt, you have nothing to worry about. Washington press corps is on the story, either yet," he said. The question was for former I don't know of a single guy who woudn't go through the hearings or its related strands. Central Intelligence Agency Director Richard after a pro-Nixon story as quickly as he PARTNER, NOT WITNESS Helms, who was testifying that day. "Has would an anti-Nixon story." United Press International uses up to half the CIA perfected the psychiatric profile One aspect of the press' attitude was per- into a useful domestic tool?" it read. of its Washington staff of 70 each day on haps summed up by a wire service reporter Watergate and related stories, turning out "THEIR BABY" who said he did not care whether Nixon was about 25,000 words a day, including the An attorney for the majority staff also guilty or not, just that Watergate was one transcript of testimony and texts of docu- confirmed that the practice existed. "They heck of a story. ments. Most newspapers are so preoccupied pass notes up here all the time," he said. His only interest in the possibility of im- with Watergate that many Washington "Whether they're used depends on how good peachment was, "I've never covered an im- stories are being left to the wire services. they are. They (reporters) are bright guys, peachment before." In all there are about 285 accredited cor- and they want to be useful. After all, they respondents covering the hearing and about broke the story, we didn't. This is their 150 radio and television technicians, at least baby." half of whom are usually present in and One reporter found an old news article A TRIBUTE around the Caucus Room. that she thought contained information im- But besides being a physical presence on portant to the committee. "Get this to In- the scene, the press is playing an active role ouye (Sen. Daniel Inouye, D-Hawaii) right HON. CLEM ROGERS McSPADDEN in the proceedings and may shape the out- away," she said. "He should know about OF OKLAHOMA come in ways that have not yet been meas- that," asked whether she thought the press IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ured. It is more than a silent witness and should have that kind of relationship with recorder of Watergate; it is a full-fledged the committee, she said, "Well, it goes on Thursday, September 20, 1973 partner in the event. all the time. Don't print that, or you'll get During the hearings newspaper articles me in trouble." Mr. McSPADDEN. Mr. Speaker, the contribution of television station KTUL- have been offered into evidence and studied Trading information developed early as for information. Cameras relentlessly record- both the committee and the press were dig- TV in Tulsa, Okla., which serves not only ed the proceedings. The press kept the story ging for the story. In one example of the Tulsa, but much of Oklahoma's Second going when it appeared from time to time quest for information, two senators on the District, to the impressive Jerry Lewis that it would die, and the press has been committee tried to make a deal with the Labor Day Telethon on the behalf of the U.S. Congressman John B. Conlan Reports FOR USE DURING THE WEEK OF NOV. 18-24, 1973, OR THEREAFTER A TIME FOR GIVING THANKS GERALD FORD LIBRARY WASHINGTON -- These are disturbed and contentious times, at home and throughout the world. Troubling issues confront us, and there is plenty of bad news to fill any newspaper, radio, or television report. But do we Americans ever truly reflect upon our many blessings? Do we really understand how fortunate we are? Are we so obsessed with news of badness that we sometimes forget about the goodness in our land? Thanksgiving Day 1973 is a good time to draw a long breath and give grateful thanks. After all, where else would we be better off? If we could have chosen a time and place to be born, who would not have chosen the 20th century in the United States of America? I do not speak only in terms of material things, although we have them in abundance. It is difficult to minimize the fact that our country is among few places left where anyone who wants can launch any lawful occupation or business, and, if he or she is willing to work hard enough, can succeed. Or that we have the highest paid jobs in the world; that we take care of our sick and poor, orphans and elderly, better than almost any other nation on earth; and that we have more and better labor-saving devices than workers anywhere else, and as a result live longer and better and stay younger and healthier. WASHINGTON OFFICE DISTRICT OFFICE 429 Cannon Building -more- 3449 Federal Building Washington, D.C. 20515 Phoenix, Arizona 85025 (202) 225-3361 (602) 261-3071 2-2-2-2-2 Or that we have so much free education, open elections, and unlimited opportunities. But when I say that few of us would rather have been born somewhere other than the U.S., at some other time, I have more in mind than these abundant material blessings. There are the things of the spirit that count for so much more. Behind the bickering over political campaign abuses and the current tug-of-war between branches of government over Watergate matters, for example, is our system of free elections and constitutional government. Behind the quarrel over media accuracy, fairness, and charges of sensationalism as it relates to issues involving public and private individuals lies the abiding concept of equal and impartial justice for all under law. People denounce and defend the President; it is the exercise of free speech. At home, we are secure against a midnight pounding at the door common in totalitarian societies. Small-town and large-town churches representing a multitude of different faiths abound; we are free to worship God as we please. It is easy to accent the negative to constantly criticize ourselves for less than adequate housing for the poor, other inequities, and our failure to harness all our energy and inventiveness and ambition to erase the nation's lingering problems. But good Americans must never allow that criticism to overshadow what we have done materially and spiritually to provide millions with lives so rich in quality. A single Thanksgiving Day is not enough to adequately show our gratitude for all our many blessings. But this time of year is a good time to reflect on where we are, where we are going, and whether the immigrant Pilgrims who started it all almost four centuries ago would be proud of us now. -more- 3-3-3-3-3 As former Senate chaplain Frederick Brown Harris once observed, the stairway might just as well have been our national emblem -- a stairway kept open from top to bottom, up which any individual could climb who was ready to pay the cost in effort. My gratitude this Thanksgiving week will go in part to the countless millions of good Americans climbing this stairway by living within their incomes, obeying the law, working and studying to improve themselves, their communities, and their nation. Such good people don't often make the news in these troublesome times. But the fact that they exist and keep going despite the odds is what will keep this country free and great. -30- GERALD LIBRATY R. FORD U.S. Congressman John B.Conlan Reports FOR USE DURING THE WEEK OF NOV.25-DEC. 1, 1973, OR THEREAFTER UNITY AGAINST A DO-NOTHING SPIRIT BERRILO FORD LIBRARY WASHINGTON -- There is little doubt about the outcome of next week's expected vote on the confirmation of Gerald Ford as the nation's 40th vice president. Ford has done an outstanding job in the Congress. His voting record is entirely consistent with the national election mandate of 1972. And hearings on his nomination have shown him to be an exceptionally well-suited person for the office of vice president. The Michigan congressman will be confirmed with ease, losing only the votes of those traditionally highly partisan members of Congress who line up against a recommendation of the President almost the minute it is made. Gerald Ford is a man of considerable talent, experience, and personal charm. He was an outstanding student and athlete at the University of Michigan, and later earned his law degree at Yale. His four years as a naval aviation operations officer, two of them on a carrier in the Pacific, tested and matured him in the area of military and foreign affairs. During his 25 years in the House of Representatives, Ford has shown himself to be a responsible, hard-working, non-doctrinaire conservative, thoroughly grounded in national defense matters and domestic problems. WASHINGTON OFFICE -more- DISTRICT OFFICE 429 Cannon Building 3449 Federal Building Washington, D.C. 20515 Phoenix, Arizona 85025 (202) 225-3361 (602) 261-3071 2-2-2-2-2 In the last 11 years, he has voted 90 per cent of the time, and has earned a 75.5 per cent average rating from the conservative Americans for Constitutional Action and a 9.5 per cent average rating from the liberal Americans for Democratic Action. Confirmation of Jerry Ford as vice president will clear the way for election of Arizona's own John Rhodes as House Republican leader. Rhodes will almost certainly be the unanimous choice of the 192 Republican members of Congress to replace Ford. Congressman Rhodes is also an exceptionally talented and experienced lawmaker. He is one of the best-liked and most-admired men in the U.S. Congress. He is expected to use the Republican leader's office, and the Republican congressmen as a team, to generate forward-looking legislative proposals -- beyond just "carrying the mail" for the White House and the Executive Branch. Once these changes are final, and Vice President Ford and House Republican Leader Rhodes are formally installed in their new leadership roles, many members of Congress are optimistic that we can get the nation's legislative program off dead center. Congress has not yet tackled the important problem of budget reform, which was the big issue of the day when the 93rd Congress convened last January. Most of the administration's seven-step energy program, first proposed in the President's comprehensive energy message two years ago and repeated last April, has been ignored by the Democrat leadership. Pension reform and trade legislation is only just making its way to the floor for action by the entire Congress. The urban revenue sharing program to replace existing categorical grant programs and important community development proposals are still in committee. -more- 3-3-3-3-3 There is little doubt that many members of Congress have been too engrossed in getting political mileage for themselves, spending entirely too little time on vital issues and problems that should have received our attention months ago. We still have a lot of unfinished work to complete before adjournment. With the leadership of John Rhodes, fresh unity among serious-minded legislators, and pressure from voters throughout the country to complete our work, I am confidant that we can overcome the do-nothing spirit that has infected many members of Congress since just before our summer recess. -30- GERALD LIBRARY FORD U.S.Congressman John B. Conlan Reports FOR USE DURING THE WEEK OF DEC. 9-15, 1973, OR THEREAFTER REGAINING THE POWER OF THE PURSE GERALD FORD JONARY WASHINGTON -- Someone once said that government is like a baby -- it has an alimentary canal with a big appetite at one end, and no sense of responsibility at the other. That observation clearly describes the taxing-spending system Congress has been using for almost two centuries. Taxation has reached the point where many people now wonder if the federal government's appetite has any limit. And spending has been clearly out of control for several decades. Two events in Congress last week, however, gave the big spenders in Washington some badly needed fiscal toilet training. Sen. James Allen, in a filibuster against legislation to raise the national debt ceiling to $475.7 billion, forced the Senate into its first Sunday session since before the Civil War when the current $465 billion ceiling expired, leaving the federal government with no cash on hand to pay its salaries and outstanding bills. Allen opposes the big spending habits of many of his fellow Democrats, and effectively demonstrated by holding up the debt limit bill for three days that the nation faces bankruptcy unless Congress curbs its irresponsible spending spree and starts balancing the budget. -more- WASHINGTON OFFICE DISTRICT OFFICE 429 Cannon Building 3449 Federal Building Washington, D.C. 20515 Phoenix, Arizona 85025 (202) 225-3361 (602) 261-3071 2-2-2-2-2 The House of Representatives then considered vital budget reform legislation, and passed long overdue measures proposed by 54 freshman Congressmen from both parties in special debate I led in the House chamber last spring. Key provisions of the budget reform package include: * A requirement for Congress to set a firm ceiling on federal spending each year. * Formation of special budget committees in both houses to coordinate taxing-spending measures of Ways and Means and Appropriations Committees, and to control programs requiring federal funds within other committees. * A change in the term of the current July 1-June 30 fiscal year to Oct. 1 to Sept. 30, allowing Congress more time to consider major policy choices and reducing the likelihood of continuing resolutions caused by failure to complete action on appropriations bills before the start of the fiscal year. This budget reform package still does not immediately solve the problems of federal deficit spending. But it is nonetheless a good start towards controlling federal taxing and spending and creating a constant review of all federal programs. Most importantly, the new budget procedures will enable Congress to control so-called "uncentrollable" spending -- expenditure items enacted in previous legislative sessions -- and backdoor spending, such as contract and loan authority of federal agencies and open-ended federal commitments based on formulas affected by population and the cost of goods and services. "Uncontrollables" now constitute almost three-fourths of the federal budget. They include interest on the national debt, farm-price supports, public assistance grants, certain veterans benefits, Social Security, unemployment benefits, Medicaid and Medicare costs, railroad and civil service retirement, and nearly 1,000 independent trust funds operated by the federal government. -more- 3-3-3-3-3 While "backdoor spending" in the form of contract authority has the advantage of supplying necessary lead time for construction and other activities stretching over a number of years, it hopelessly fragments the appropriations process. So does loan authority generally used for commercial-type activities and revolving funds where it is expected the money will be repaid to the Treasury, and open-ended entitlements that ensure beneficiaries of assistance as the law guarantees. So long as more than half of all federal spending is outside the regular appropriations process, and three-fourths of the total federal budget is uncontrollable, Congress has no hope of bringing revenue and spending decisions together. Budget control measures approved by the House of Representatives last week will hopefully eliminate these several dozen wild cards in the federal government's $300 billion game of poker. If all goes well, Congress may regain the one Constitutional power that stands above all others -- the power of the purse. -30- FORD LIBRARY is U.S. Congressman John B.Conlan Reports FOR USE DURING THE WEEK OF DEC. 23-29, 1973, OR THEREAFTER FOREIGN AID ABETS WORLD HUNGER AND TERRORISM QERALD FORD LIBRARY WASHINGTON -- George Bernard Shaw once remarked that a government which robs Peter to pay Paul can always depend on the support of Paul. Shaw might have thought differently had he lived during the heyday of U.S. foreign aid. American taxpayers have spent more than $220 billion on foreign aid since World War II, including interest on what we have borrowed to give away. During 1972 alone, when we spent almost $6 billion on about 4,400 foreign assistance projects, some portion of the U.S. foreign assistance program was operating in about 100 foreign nations, with almost 55,000 individuals on the payroll. These included U.S. and foreign personnel and participants. Far from being cut, as many Americans would like to see in this time of belt-tightening at home, foreign aid is increasing apace. The many different U.S. foreign aid programs planned for the coming year will total many billions. In addition to the $5.5 billion authorized by the Senate last week, there is almost $25 billion of unspent or unobligated money in the so-called foreign aid pipeline -- money appropriated. in past years that is still sitting around in government accounts or world development banks. WASHINGTON OFFICE DISTRICT OFFICE 429 Cannon Building 3449 Federal Building Washington, D.C. 20515 -more- Phoenix, Arizona 85025 (202) 225-3361 (602) 261-3071 2-2-2-2-2 I shall vote against the current foreign aid appropriation proposal when it comes before Congress for a final vote. My "no" vote will be based on two indisputable facts: Despite our past generosity, people in recipient nations are no better off, and often worse off, than before we helped them. And governments of recipient nations are generally hostile to the U.S. and support hostile acts against us and our people. U.S. foreign aid has failed, because it has worked against material progress of many recipient nations. It has enabled them to pursue any number of unwise economic and political policies that discourage capital formation within their own borders and from foreign investors. U.S.-backed development grants and loans have allowed foreign nations to avoid seeking commercial loans that, instead of being wasted on such national monuments of vanity as steel mills, unprofitable state airlines, and heavy construction projects, would have been geared more closely to agriculture and regional and national market conditions. Our foreign aid has allowed foreign governments to perpetuate their collectivist economic folly, which has resulted in massive unemployment and hunger throughout the world. It has discouraged private enterprise, hard work, and attitudes of thrift and savings necessary for a sound money economy. More importantly to our own national interests, foreign aid has won us enemies, not friends. We can't even count the times that less-developed nations receiving billions of U.S. taxpayer dollars over the years have kicked us in the teeth in the U.N. or through their support of our enemies. -more- 3-3-3-3-3 Five countries receiving our foreign aid have given outright cash assistance and asylum to members of Black September, the Palestinian guerrilla organization responsible for more than 15 international incidents of murder and sabotage, including last week's horrible bombing of a Pan American jet at Rome that killed 29 people. Iraq, Saudi Arabia, and Libya have given cash subsidies and have made training bases available to these Arab guerrillas. U.S. taxpayers provided these countries with $21 million in foreign aid last year alone. Syria and Lebanon have often provided sanctuary to Black September following their raids and kidnappings around the world. These countries received $37.3 million in U.S. foreign aid in 1972. On the basis of this record, I can see no reason to vote more billions in foreign aid giveaways. It just doesn't make sense to subsidize bankrupt economic policies and world terrorism. The money can certainly be put to better use at home. -30- GERALD FORD LIBRARY John B. Conlan U.S. CONGRESS NEWS RELEASE SUMMARY OF REMARKS BY CONGRESSMAN JOHN B. CONLAN, PRESIDENT OF THE 93RD CLUB (REPUBLICAN), AT A NEWS CONFERENCE ON TUESDAY, MARCH 6, 1973. FRESHMAN CONGRESSMEN PUSH BUDGET REFORM GERALD, LIBRARY There has been a quaint and ancient custom, we are told, that freshman congressmen are to be seen and not heard. Although we have great respect for our elders, nevertheless we freshmen Republican congressmen are unafraid to break the stale crust of custom. As president of the 43-member Republican freshman class, I am here to state that freshman Republican congressmen are going to the floor of the House of Representatives to make an unprecedented plea to Congress for a ceiling on federal spending, for reform of archaic congressional budget procedures, for an advance to fiscal responsibility. We believe we have reached the point where we must call an immediate halt to reckless spending policies that have driven this country towards a half trillion dollar national debt. We believe this Congress must now reverse that trend, unless it is prepared to force a substantially heavier tax burden on hard-working citizens who must pay the bills for our profligacy. The fight for fiscal sanity is at its heart not between the Congress and the President. The struggle is between the bureaucracy and the working people of America. Both the President and the Congress need to be united and well-equipped to take control of the bureaucracy before it devours America as it has France and other countries. -more- WASHINGTON OFFICE DISTRICT OFFICE 429 Cannon Building 3449 Federal Building Washington, D.C. 20515 Phoenix, Arizona 85025 (202) 225-3361 (602) 261-3071 2-2-2-2-2-2 While there are varying approaches to reform that Congress can adopt, we strongly support the interim work of the Joint Study Committee on the Budget, which is this very week holding hearings on its interim report. We are united in our support of its recommended ceiling on expenditures and budget authority. Congress must find a way for its members to cast statesmanlike votes on expenditures that will have a direct relation to estimated federal revenues. At the present time, each congressman is pressured by special interests to vote "yes" on each of numerous spending bills, only to wake up at the end of the year finding that Congress has plunged the country further into debt and fueled the merciless fires of inflation. This scatterbrained system has got to change. No business corporation could succeed using the antiquated procedures and tools with which the Congress is fumbling. Congress is facing a challenge that will directly reflect on its ability to effectively continue its legislative function for the nation. I want my colleagues in Congress to know that the new Republican congressmen are up to that challenge. We urge senior members of Congress to set the example by acting now to control federal spending and reform Congress' own budget process. It is our Constitutional duty, and we can do no less. And we cordially invite the freshman Democrats, if they are truly as interested in reform as we young Republicans, to join us in a bipartisan effort toward responsible congressional reform. GERALD FORD MORARY -30- LIBRARY Profile by ASU professor FORD & ERALD The tribune of Mid-America' By GEORGE H. ARCHIBALD cisive analysis of liberal me- Pentagon Papers, and several THE IMPUDENT SNOBS: dia bias and dishonesty di- malicious stories filed by Agnew vs. the Intellectual Es- rected against Vice President newsmen accompanying Agar, tablishment, by John R. Agnew and the Nixon admin- new as he travelled before THE ARIZONA REPUBLIC Spotlight Phoenix, Sunday, Mar. 12, 1972 N-7