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THE WAR CRIMES TRIALS
(The Appointment of Justice Robert H. Jackson)
May, 1945
The President on May 2, 1945, announced the appointment of Associate
Justice Robert H. Jackson of the United States Supreme Court as Repre-
sentative of the United States and its Chief of Counsel in the preparation
and prosecution of charges against the European Axis war criminals. (1)
By this action, the President acted to implement the policy of punish-
ing war criminals to which this government had been committed from the
earliest days of the war. In August, 1942, President Roosevelt in a state-
ment following a communication from the governments of occupied European
countries calling attention to Axis crimes against civilian populations
in those countries, sounded a warning to the Nazis that "the time will
come when they shall have to stand in courts of law in the very countries
which they are now oppressing and answer for their acts." (2) He followed
this on October 7, 1942, with a statement declaring it to be "the inten-
tion of this Government that the successful close of the war shall include
provision for the surrender to the United Nations of war criminals" and
said that with a view to establishing the responsibility of the guilty in-
dividuals through the collection and assessment of all available evidence,
this government was prepared to cooperate with the British and other govern-
ments in establishing a United Nations Commission for the Investigation of
War Crimes. (3)
As a result such a Commission was organized and on October 20, 1943,
it held its first meeting in London. At the same time the Foreign Mini-
sters of the United States, Great Britain and Russia were meeting at
Moscow and the subject of war crimes and punishment of war criminals was
discussed there. A declaration, signed and issued on November 1st by
HARRY
ARCNIVES
RECORDS
U.S. GOVERMMENT
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"ocrText": "THE WAR CRIMES TRIALS\n(The Appointment of Justice Robert H. Jackson)\nMay, 1945\nThe President on May 2, 1945, announced the appointment of Associate\nJustice Robert H. Jackson of the United States Supreme Court as Repre-\nsentative of the United States and its Chief of Counsel in the preparation\nand prosecution of charges against the European Axis war criminals. (1)\nBy this action, the President acted to implement the policy of punish-\ning war criminals to which this government had been committed from the\nearliest days of the war. In August, 1942, President Roosevelt in a state-\nment following a communication from the governments of occupied European\ncountries calling attention to Axis crimes against civilian populations\nin those countries, sounded a warning to the Nazis that \"the time will\ncome when they shall have to stand in courts of law in the very countries\nwhich they are now oppressing and answer for their acts.\" (2) He followed\nthis on October 7, 1942, with a statement declaring it to be \"the inten-\ntion of this Government that the successful close of the war shall include\nprovision for the surrender to the United Nations of war criminals\" and\nsaid that with a view to establishing the responsibility of the guilty in-\ndividuals through the collection and assessment of all available evidence,\nthis government was prepared to cooperate with the British and other govern-\nments in establishing a United Nations Commission for the Investigation of\nWar Crimes. (3)\nAs a result such a Commission was organized and on October 20, 1943,\nit held its first meeting in London. At the same time the Foreign Mini-\nsters of the United States, Great Britain and Russia were meeting at\nMoscow and the subject of war crimes and punishment of war criminals was\ndiscussed there. A declaration, signed and issued on November 1st by\nHARRY\nARCNIVES\nRECORDS\nU.S. GOVERMMENT"
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