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respect, first through didactic instruction dealing with the im-
portant documents of the American government such as the Bill of
Rights and the Declaration of Independence, and second by exhib-
iting concrete examples in our schools and on our playgrounds of
the ways in which democracy really works.
In speaking of citizenship I have in mind something more
than the mechanical processes through which a person expresses his
preference at the polls, or avoids committing acts which are pun-
ishable under the law, or contributes to organizations with phil-
anthropic purposes. These are laudable activities in themselves
end those who fail to participate in them can hardly be called
good citisens. But I an thinking of a more comprehensive view of
democratic living which involves all the activities of life which
affect other human beinga. I am thinking more specifically of the
attitude a man takes with respect to his fellow men, toward their
views, their actions, their convictions, their religion, their
politics, and their aspirations. I am, in short, thinking of
attitudes toward the ways in which his fellowmen differ from him.
This is a basic matter in á democracy. In a totalitarian state we
know what this attitude is expected to be: it is one of suspicion,
hatred, and the desire to eliminate those who differ. In a demo-
cracy, on the contrary, we expect an attitude not of tolerance,
-
because tolerance implies in my mind putting up with a person or
thing, and such an attitude is exclusive, but the spirit of
democracy is inclusive.
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"ocrText": "-8-\nrespect, first through didactic instruction dealing with the im-\nportant documents of the American government such as the Bill of\nRights and the Declaration of Independence, and second by exhib-\niting concrete examples in our schools and on our playgrounds of\nthe ways in which democracy really works.\nIn speaking of citizenship I have in mind something more\nthan the mechanical processes through which a person expresses his\npreference at the polls, or avoids committing acts which are pun-\nishable under the law, or contributes to organizations with phil-\nanthropic purposes. These are laudable activities in themselves\nend those who fail to participate in them can hardly be called\ngood citisens. But I an thinking of a more comprehensive view of\ndemocratic living which involves all the activities of life which\naffect other human beinga. I am thinking more specifically of the\nattitude a man takes with respect to his fellow men, toward their\nviews, their actions, their convictions, their religion, their\npolitics, and their aspirations. I am, in short, thinking of\nattitudes toward the ways in which his fellowmen differ from him.\nThis is a basic matter in á democracy. In a totalitarian state we\nknow what this attitude is expected to be: it is one of suspicion,\nhatred, and the desire to eliminate those who differ. In a demo-\ncracy, on the contrary, we expect an attitude not of tolerance,\n-\nbecause tolerance implies in my mind putting up with a person or\nthing, and such an attitude is exclusive, but the spirit of\ndemocracy is inclusive."
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