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Records of the National Security Council, Directorate of European and Soviet Affairs (Reagan Administration)
Jack F. Matlock, Jr.'s Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (U.S.S.R.) Subject Files
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Ronald Reagan Presidential Library
Digital Library Collections
This is a PDF of a folder from our textual collections.
Collection: Matlock, Jack F.: Files
Folder Title: Dissidents (10)
Box: 23
To see more digitized collections visit:
https://reaganlibrary.gov/archives/digital-library
To see all Ronald Reagan Presidential Library inventories visit:
https://reaganlibrary.gov/document-collection
Contact a reference archivist at: [email protected]
Citation Guidelines: https://reaganlibrary.gov/citing
National Archives Catalogue: https://catalog.archives.gov/
WITHDRAWAL SHEET
Ronald Reagan Library
Collection Name MATLOCK, JACK: FILES
Withdrawer
JET 4/28/2005
File Folder
DISSIDENTS (10/23)
FOIA
F06-114/6
Box Number
23
YARHI-MILO
2310
ID Doc Type
Document Description
No of Doc Date Restrictions
Pages
9385 CABLE
PRISONER EXCHANGE: SHCHARANSKIY
2 12/13/1982 B1
R 12/13/2007 F06-114/6
9380 MEMO
DOBRIANSKY TO CLARK RE
2 12/16/1982 B1
SHCHARANSKIY CASE: POSSIBLE NEW
STEPS
R 3/19/2013 F2006-114/6
9386 MEMO
BREMER TO CLARK RE SHCHARANSKIY
2 12/10/1982 B1
R 12/13/2007 F06-114/6
9383 MEMO
SAME TEXT AS DOC #9381
1 12/22/1982 B1
R 12/13/2007 F06-114/6
9387 CABLE
201545Z DEC 82
1 12/20/1982 B1
R 12/13/2007 F06-114/6
9381 MEMO
WHEELER TO BREMER RE SHCHARANSKIY
1 12/22/1982 B1
CASE: POSSIBLE NEW STEPS
R 12/13/2007 F06-114/6
9382 MEMO
SAME TEXT AS DOC #9380
2 12/16/1982 B1
R 3/19/2013 F2006-114/6
9388 MEMO
SAME TEXT AS DOC #9386
2 12/10/1982 B1
R 12/13/2007 F06-114/6
9384 MEMO
SAME TEXT AS DOC #9380
2 12/16/1982 B1
R
3/19/2013
F2006-114/6
Freedom of Information Act - [5 U.S.C. 552(b)]
B-1 National security classified information [(b)(1) of the FOIA]
B-2 Release would disclose internal personnel rules and practices of an agency [(b)(2) of the FOIA]
B-3 Release would violate a Federal statute [(b)(3) of the FOIA]
B-4 Release would disclose trade secrets or confidential or financial information [(b)(4) of the FOIA]
B-6 Release would constitute a clearly unwarranted invasion of personal privacy [(b)(6) of the FOIA]
B-7 Release would disclose information compiled for law enforcement purposes [(b)(7) of the FOIA]
B-8 Release would disclose information concerning the regulation of financial institutions [(b)(8) of the FOIA]
B-9 Release would disclose geological or geophysical information concerning wells [(b)(9) of the FOIA]
C. Closed in accordance with restrictions contained in donor's deed of gift.
WITHDRAWAL SHEET
Ronald Reagan Library
Collection Name MATLOCK, JACK: FILES
Withdrawer
JET 4/28/2005
File Folder
DISSIDENTS (10/23)
FOIA
F06-114/6
Box Number
23
YARHI-MILO
2310
ID Doc Type
Document Description
No of Doc Date Restrictions
Pages
9389 MEMO
SAME TEXT AS DOC #9386
2 12/10/1982 B1
R 12/13/2007 F06-114/6
9390 MEMO
SHCHARANSKIY
1 12/30/1982 B1
R
12/13/2007
F06-114/6
9391 CABLE
111524Z JAN 83
2 1/11/1983 B1
R
12/13/2007
F06-114/6
9392 CABLE
152004Z JAN 83
2 1/15/1983 B1
R
12/13/2007
F06-114/6
9393 CABLE
201647Z JAN 83
4 1/20/1983 B1
R
12/13/2007
F06-114/6
Freedom of Information Act - [5 U.S.C. 552(b)]
B-1 National security classified information [(b)(1) of the FOIA]
B-2 Release would disclose internal personnel rules and practices of an agency [(b)(2) of the FOIA]
B-3 Release would violate a Federal statute [(b)(3) of the FOIA]
B-4 Release would disclose trade secrets or confidential or financial information [(b)(4) of the FOIA]
B-6 Release would constitute a clearly unwarranted Invasion of personal privacy [(b)(6) of the FOIA]
B-7 Release would disclose information compiled for law enforcement purposes [(b)(7) of the FOIA]
B-8 Release would disclose information concerning the regulation of financial institutions [(b)(8) of the FOIA]
B-9 Release would disclose geological or geophysical information concerning wells [(b)(9) of the FOIA]
C. Closed in accordance with restrictions contained in donor's deed of gift.
Dessidents
VYT
12/1/82
- 8
MCHARANSKY
Anatoly Shcharansky is more than a
mere person. Arrested five years ago
With Shcharansky
ated from within. The energy normally
used to consume and digest food is de-
by the Soviet regime, he was sen-
flected elsewhere. Intellectual and
tenced to a 13-year prison term on
spiritual powers seem to he expanded
charges that he worked for the Central
rather than diminished. Inner masks
Intelligence Agency an allegation
By Avraham Weiss
are removed. No food clogs the body.
denied by President Jimmy Carter.
One becomes more honest, more open,
Before his arrest, he was an active
Many people have tried to reach out
whenever we chose. Mr. Shcharansky
more expressive of his feelings.
member of the Helsinki Watch Com-
to the Shcharanskys, to tell them that
cannot.
Russian diplomats came and went in
mittee and be agitated for the right of
others really care. I, too, have tried.
A hunger strike is exhilarating but
droves, looking harried, ambivalent
Jews to emigrate to Israel. Thus, be is
For six consecutive days, beginning
painful. At night, you feel hunger
about what was happening. I knew the
being oppressed not only as a man but
on Oct. 31, I fasted in front of the
pangs; during the day, you feel weak,
Russians were people but wondered
also as a representative of the human
Soviet Mission to the United Nations.
your lega wobble, you're ready to keel
whether they could really display emo-
spirit and particularly of the Jewish
During this period, I was joined by
over. To fast, you must be totally com-
tion. Can they laugh, cry, love? As the
quest to be identified with the people
well over 1,000 people who, on a daily
mitted to the cause, and the mind must
new leader, Yuri V. Andropov, assumes
and land of Israel.
basis, fasted, prayed, studied the
overcome the body's needs. When alone,
power, will he make a gesture of good
Those of us who have never met him
Bible and protested on Mr. Shcharan-
the body predominates and hunger
faith by freeing Mr. Shcharansky?
have come to know him through his
sky's behalf. I did not embark on this
seems intolerable; when surrounded by
Will the political leaders of our coun-
wife, Avital. On the morning after their
enterprise merely to test myself or to
friends, you feel reinforced and find it
try, when speaking with Mr. Andropov,
wedding eight years ago, Mrs.
discover what it would he like. For
possible to continue. Fasting among
mention Mr. Shcharansky by name? Or
Shcharansky, who had received permis-
this form of protest to have an impact
supporters that's not real fasting; but
will the discussion focus only on such
sion to emigrate, left the Soviet Union
on those who are holding Mr.
Mr. Shcharansky in the Gulag, alone-
issues as Poland and Afghanistan -
with the assurance that her husband
Shcharansky, it was necessary that
that'sa true hunger strike.
masses not individuals, countries not
would join her within six months. She
the public hear about it.
On the fourth day, Mrs. Shcharan-
people?
was further informed that if she did not
The block where the Soviet Mission is
sky joined us. Her eyes reflected her
As I look back at that week, it seems
leave then, she would find it virtually
situated, 67th Street, between Third and
sadness. When asked to say a few
unreal. It's as if those days didn't exist
impossible to leave later. As time
Lexington Avenues, is oppressive. Sit-
words, she responded: "I can't speak
- an empty space in my life. For
passed, it became clear that the Krem-
ting behind police barriers, diagonally
now. All I can do is cry." A friend ex-
Anatoly Shcharansky, such emptiness
Itn had no intention of granting Mr.
across from the Soviet Mission, we felt
plained: "The joy Avital feels in see-
has continued for years. But in empti-
Shcharansky a visa. During their sepa-
imprisoned. K.G.B. spies peered from
ing people who empathize with her
ness there is often deep meaning. The
ration, Mrs. Shcharansky has labored
the roof; agents of the Federal Bureau
and Anatoly has moved her to speak
Shcharanskys, in fighting for human
tirelessly to bring his plight before the
of Investigation took photographs from
without words, to speak with tears."
rights, lead full lives.
eyes of the world. If you have not seen
ground level; the police often made life
When Mrs. Shcharansky was leaving.
her pain, you cannot understand the
miserable for the demonstrators; and
she said: "We are one. We are togeth-
Avraham Weiss is rabbi of the He-
meaning of anguish. Recently, Mr.
irate tenants, annoyed by our presence,
er." But the truth was that in the end
brew Institute of Riverdale, an assist-
Shcharansky embarked on a hunger
dropped water and eggs from apart-
we would go back to our families,
ant professor at Stern College of
strike to protest the cutting off of the
ment windows. Although we had volun-
whileshe would remain alone.
Yeshiva University and a vice chair-
very few letters and visits that he had
tarily imprisoned ourselves in an open
By the fifth day, a "high" set not
man of the Student Struggle for Soviet
been permitted yearly.
street, we could get up and walk away
one imposed from the outside but gener-
Jewry.
27 785
Shcharansky
13/21/21
SECRET
EUR/SOV:JFSCHUMAKER:LCL
12/13/82 EXT. 21712
EUR: RDBLACKWILL
EUR/SOV:RECOMBS, JR.
EUR/SOV: TWSIMONS, JR.
EUR: MPALMER
P: DJOHNSON
HA: MLEVITSKY
L/LEI: JSMITH
INR: GSHERRY
NSC: RPIPES ?
Eve: TMT Niles
PRIORITY
BERLIN
PRIORITY
BONN, MOSCOW PRIORITY, USMISSION BERLIN PRIORITY
ROGER CHANNEL
RDB
DECL: OADR
JFS
TAGS
REC
TWS
PRISONER EXCHANGE: SHCHARANSKIY
REF: BERLIN 4942 [ROGER CHANNEL]
1. [$ - ENTIRE TEXT.]
2. OVER THE PAST FEW WEEKS, WE HAVE MADE A NUMBER OF
OFFICIAL AND UNOFFICIAL APPROACHES TO THE SOVIETS ON
SHCHARANSKIY. THEY HAVE BEEN UNIFORMLY REBUFFED.
3. THE LEAST NEGATIVE SIGNAL [UNTIL VOGEL] HAS COME
FROM USA/CANADA INSTITUTE DIRECTOR ARBATOV, WHO HAS
SAID THAT THE SOVIET SIDE WOULD FIND IT DIFFICULT TO
CONSIDER A SHCHARANSKIY RELEASE, SINCE THE U.S. WOULD
SEEK TO USE IT FOR PROPAGANDA PURPOSES, BILLING IT AS
EVI DENCE THAT PRESENT U.S. POLICIES TOWARD SOVIET UNION
WERE WORKING. ARBATOV ALSO VOICED CONCERN THAT FIRST
THING THE U.S. WOUD DO WOULD BE TO INVITE SHCHARANSKIY
TO THE WHITE HOUSE FOR A MEETING WITH THE PRESIDENT.
4. AT THE NEXT APPROPRIATE OPPORTUNITY, YOU ARE
AUTHORIZED TO RELAY TO VOGEL THAT WE DO NOT INTEND TO
"LEAN ON ANDROPOV" ABOUT SHCHARANSKIY. YOU MAY ALSO
DECLASSIFIED
SECRET
NLS F06-114/649385
BY LOS NARA, DATE 12/13/07
SECRET
2
TELL HIM THAT IF SHCHARANSKIY WERE RELEASED, IF
NECESSARY THE EXECUTIVE BRANCH WOULD DO NOTHING TO TAKE
PROPAGANDA ADVANTAGE OF THIS, AND WOULD SEEK TO
DISCOURAGE CONGRESSIONAL AND PRIVATE GROUP COMMENTARY
THAT THE SOVIET SIDE WAS "FORCED" TO GIVE IN ON
SHCHARANSKIY, OR THAT U.S. POLICIES HAD "TRIUMPHED."
YOU ARE ALSO AUTHORIZED TO SAY THAT IF NO WHITE HOUSE
MEETING WERE A CONDITION OF SHCHARANSKIY'S RELEASE,
THIS CONDITION WOULD BE HONORED.
//
SECRET
t
Dobiciasky
FICE-
468 Shcharansky
National Security Council
The White House
Package # 8586
82 DEC 16 P 7 : P : 17
ACTION
John Poindexter
SEQUENCE TO HAS / SEEN
/
A
Bud McFarlane
2
Rem
3
Jacque HIII
Judge Clark
4
A
John Poindexter
Staff Secretary
Sit Room
I-Information A-Action R-Retain D-Dispatch N-No further
Action
DISTRIBUTION
cc:
VP
Meese
Baker
Deaver
Other
URCENT
COMMENTS
hote that the recommendation
for approval does notrefer to
the President. This is intentional
We do not believe we should refer
to the President in This undicial
Channel.
5
8586
MEMORANDUM
NATIONAL SECURITY COUNCIL
CONFIDENTIAL
December 16, 1982
ACTION
MEMORANDUM FOR WILLIAM P. CLARK
FROM:
PAULA DOBRIANSKY
SUBJECT:
Shcharansky Case: Possible New Steps
During this Administration, both official and unofficial U.S.
steps have been taken on behalf of imprisoned Soviet dissident
Anatoly Shcharansky. Most of these actions have been rebuffed by
Moscow. However, at the U.S. Trade and Economic Council (USTEC)
meeting in Moscow in mid-November, Arbatov mentioned to several
USTEC members that if Shcharansky were released, the U.S. Govern-
ment would reap considerable propaganda mileage. Yet, he asserted
that if he were to raise the case with the appropriate authorities,
certain U.S. guarantees would be needed.
At Tab I is a memorandum from State which indicates that James
Giffen, President of Armco International, will be going to Moscow
on December 18. Since the Soviets have suggested that USTEC be
used as a "special channel" of communication, State's memorandum
recommends that Giffen transmit a message to Arbatov about the
Shcharansky case. The verbal message would state, "that the
Executive Branch will do nothing to take propaganda advantage of
any unilateral Soviet gesture to help Shcharansky's plight" and
that " we will work with Congress and private groups to discourage
commentary that the Soviets were forced to give in or that U.S.
policies have triumphed." State also suggests that Giffen be
authorized to say "if no White House meeting were made a condition
of Shcharansky's release, this condition would be honored."
According to State, both Mrs. Shcharansky and the Israelis have
supported this approach.
I recommend that we utilize this "special channel" for it has
the advantage of not being "official". It would also meet
Arbatov's stated concerns about Shcharansky's conditional release
and would satisfy Mrs. Shcharansky's request that the USG send a
"special emissary" to speak with Soviet authorities on her
husband's behalf. A decision is needed by noon, Friday, December 17.
Richard Pipes concurs.
CONFIDENTIAL
Declassify on: OADR
DECLASSIFIED
NLRR 06-114/6#9380
BY RW NARA DATE 3/19/13
CONFIDENTIAL
2
RECOMMENDATION
That James Giffen be authorized on behalf of the Executive
Branch to transmit the message (in the second paragraph, above)
on Shcharansky to Arbatov.
Approve Cler Disapprove
Attachment:
Tab I
State's memorandum, dated December 10, 1982
CONF IDENTIAL
S/S 8238015
7
8586
United States Department of State
Washington, D.C. 20520
December 10, 1982
82
PID: 35
SECRET/NODIS
MEMORANDUM FOR MR. WILLIAM P. CLARK
THE WHITE HOUSE
SUBJECT: Possible New Step to Help Anatoliy Shcharanskiy
Following on the President's letter to Brezhnev, there have
been a number of official and unofficial U.S. attempts to raise
with the Soviets the plight of imprisoned Soviet dissident Anatoliy
Shcharanskiy. Unfortunately, these attempts have been almost
uniformly rebuffed. In Madrid, Max Kampelman sent a letter on
November 24 to Soviet delegation leader Kovalev requesting
reconsideration of the Sakharov, Orlov and Shcharanskiy cases. The
letter was returned. In Moscow, Senator Dole raised the
Shcharanskiy case with USA/Canada Institute Director Arbatov, who
rejected linking the case with other issues of interest to the
Soviets. Also in Moscow, our Embassy attempted to pass a letter
from Avital Shcharanskiy to the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, asking
that it be forwarded to Anatoliy Shcharanskiy. The letter was
returned, with a note stating that our request to facilitate its
delivery "was completely inappropriate.
The least negative signal on Shcharanskiy was given by Arbatov
in conversations with members of the U.S. Trade and Economic
Council (USTEC), which met in Moscow during mid-November. On that
occasion, Arbatov said that he did not think that taking action on
Shcharanskiy at this time was necessarily a good move since people
would then argue that present U.S. policies were working. He also
noted that dissidents, when let out, tended to make a lot of noise,
and that the first thing that would happen if the Soviets released
Shcharanskiy would be that he would meet in the White House with
President Reagan. Arbatov said that if he were to approach someone
who could release Shcharanskiy, he would need answers for these
questions.
USTEC personnel could not, on that occasion, speak for the U.S.
government, and therefore had no answers for Arbatov. In view of
past Soviet performance on this issue, we doubt that, even if the
USG does answer Arbatov's questions to his satisfaction, it would
make much difference in the Shcharanskiy case. However, there is
still a good reason for trying to get back to Arbatov. Avital
Shcharanskiy recently met with Deputy Assistant Secretary for
European Affairs Mark Palmer to ask whether -- in the wake of the
Soviet leadership changes -- it wouldn't be a good time to take
another initiative with the Soviet authorities on behalf of her
husband. Specifically, her idea was that we send a "special
NLS
F06-114/6*9386
SECRET NODIS
BY hoJ NARA, DATE 12/13/07
DECL: OADR
SECRET/NODIS
-2-
emissary" (someone like Henry Kissinger) to talk to the Soviets
about her husband. Palmer was understandably pessimistic about the
prospects for such an effort, but agreed that the USG would consider
the proposal.
We now understand that USTEC member James Giffen (President of
Armco International) may be returning to Moscow before Christmas for
business reasons. The Soviets have suggested that they would like
to use USTEC Co-chairman C. William Verity as a "special channel" of
communication to build towards a Reagan-Andropov summit and
expanding trade. We have naturally warned USTEC officials that this
Soviet line is not new and is probably just a ploy to probe U.S.
policy intentions without commitment from the Soviet side.
However, the fact that the Soviets have themselves opened up
this "special channel" does mean that messages should be able to go
both ways, and it has the advantage of being not quite official in
the Shcharanskiy case, since Verity raised the issue with Arbatov
with our encouragement but not in the name of the Administration.
We think it should be used to satisfy Mrs. Shcharanskiy's desire for
additional efforts on behalf of her husband, and can be used for
this single purpose without committing us to a broader and more
durable extra-official "channel" to the Soviets of a type
inappropriate to relations at this point. Accordingly, we recommend
that the USG give Giffen a message to take to Arbatov on
Shcharanskiy. We recommend that the message be that the Executive
Branch will do nothing to take propaganda advantage of any
unilateral Soviet gesture to help Shcharanskiy's plight, and we will
work with Congress and private groups as well to discourage any
commentary suggesting that the Soviet side was "forced" to give in
or that U.S. policies have "triumphed." We would also recommend
that Giffen be authorized to say, on behalf of the President, that
if no White House meeting were made a condition of Shcharanskiy's
release, this condition would be honored (in our informal contacts
with Mrs. Shcharanskiy and the Israelis about possible conditions
the Soviets might impose for Shcharanskiy's release, both parties
have supported this strategy).
As noted, we do not think that such assurances, if passed to
Arbatov, stand much chance of moving the Soviets on the Shcharanskiy
issue. But we should at least be on record as having made our best
effort to help Shcharanskiy. In doing this, we will have gone most
of the way toward satisfying Mrs. Shcharanskiy's request, and we
will have deprived the Soviets of the ability to reiterate the
Arbatov arguments in any credible manner in the future.
L. Paul Bremer, III
Executive Secretary
SECRET/NODIS
SECRET
SHCHARAWSICY
NATIONAL SECURITY COUNCIL
MESSAGE CENTER
decision
PAGE 01
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DTG: 201545Z DEC 82 PSN: 045419
EOB016
AN005949
TOR: 354/2118Z
CSN: HCE191
DISTRIBUTION: DOBR-01 /001 A3
E
X
WHTS ASSIGNED DISTRIBUTION:
SIT:
EOB:
S
ROUTINE
STU1176
DE RUEHMO #5391 3541546
R 201545Z DEC 82
FM AMEMBASSY MOSCOW
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TO SECSTATE WASHDC 1647
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INFO AMCONSUL LENINGRAD 9905
D
E R E T MOSCOW 15391
EXDIS
S
E. O. 12356: DECL: OADR
TAGS: SHUM, UR
SUBJECT: MEETING WITH SHCHARANSKIY' S MOTHER AND BROTHER
REF: MOSCOW 15220
1.
/
- ENTIRE TEXT)
E
2. EMBOFFS MET WITH ANATOLIY SHCHARANSKIY' S MOTHER
IDA MILGROM AND BROTHER LEONID IN ELENA BONNER' S APARTMENT
X
ON DECEMBER 20. MILGROM SAID THAT SHE HAD BEEN CONFINED
TO HER APARTMENT FOR ALMOST A MONTH SUFFERING FROM
"NERVOUS EXHAUSTION" INDUCED BY THE ORDEAL OF ANATOLIY' S
HUNGER STRIKE AND HAD VENTURED OUT OF DOORS FOR THE FIRST
TIME ONLY ON DECEMBER 19. EARLIER ON DECEMBER 20, SHE
S
CONTINUED, SHE HAD GONE TO THE MINISTRY OF INTERNAL AFFAIRS
(MVD) IN AN ATTEMPT TO MEET WITH GENERAL BORIS KANAVALOV,
WHO ON TWO PREVIOUS OCCASIONS HAD DECLINED TO RECEIVE HER.
MILGROM ARRIVED AT THE MINISTRY AT 9 AM AND WAS INSTRUCTED
TO WAIT IN THE RECEPTION AREA. AFTER AN INORDINATELY
LONG WAIT DURING WHICH SHE HAD ALMOST GIVEN UP HOPE OF
SEEING KANAVALOV, HE AND A COLONEL DANILOV FINALLY
E
RECEIVED HER. ACCORDING TO MILGROM, BOTH OFFICIALS
X
INITIALLY PROFESSED IGNORANCE ABOUT SHCHARANSKIY. AFTER
SHE HAD READ TO THEM A LONG STATEMENT ON HIS CASE WHICH,
SHE TOLD THEM, SHE HAD GIVEN DANILOV IN OCTOBER ON HIS
ASSURANCES THAT HE WOULD PASS IT ON TO KANAVALOV, SHE
DEMANDED THAT SHE BE ALLOWED TO MEET WITH ANATOLIY TO
ATTEMPT TO PERSUADE HIM TO RENOUNCE HIS HUNGER STRIKE.
S
AFTER SOME HEMMING AND HAWING, KANAVALOV TOLD HER TO
RETURN TO RECEIVE HIS DECISION. MILGROM PLANS TO RETURN
TO MVD ON WEDNESDAY, DECEMBER 22. BOTH LEONID AND SHE
PROMISED TO CALL EMBOFFS TO ARRANGE ANOTHER MEETING WITH
THEM FOLLOWING HER NEXT VISIT TO MVD.
HARTMAN
BT
DECLASSIFIED
NLS 506-114/6#9387
BY LOT NARA, DATE 12/13/02
SECRET
8586
Dessedents
(S/S 8238015)
NATIONAL
CONF IDENTIAL
December 22, 1982
MEMORANDUM FOR L. PAUL BREMER, III
Executive Secretary
Department of State
SUBJECT:
Shcharansky Case: Possible New Steps (U)
We have reviewed and concur with State's proposal that James
Giffen, President of Armco International, be authorized on
behalf of the Executive Branch to transmit a message to
Arbatov about the Shcharansky case. The verbal message
would state, "that the Executive Branch will do nothing to
take propaganda advantage of any unilateral Soviet gesture
to help Shcharansky's plight" and that "we will work with
Congress and private groups to discourage commentary that
the Soviets were forced to give in or that U.S. policies
have triumphed." We also concur that Giffen indicate "if no
White House meeting were made a condition of Shcharansky's
release, this condition would be honored." However, as
Giffen will be utilizing an "unofficial" channel, he should
not make this or any other statement on behalf of the
President -- only on behalf of the Executive Branch or the
Administration. (C)
Michael O. Whenler
Michael O. Wheeler
Staff Secretary
DECLASSIFIED
NLS F06-114/6#9381
CONFIDENTIAL
Declassify on: OADR
BY LOJ NARA, DATE 12/13/07
New
8586 add-on
CONFIDENTIAL Attachment
December 22, 1982
ACTION
MEMORANDUM FOR MICHAEL O. WHEELER
FROM:
PAULA DOBRIANSKY
SUBJECT:
Shcharansky Case
Although Judge Clark approved the package attached at Tab II
last week and State was advised, they need the memo attached
at Tab I showing the decision in writing for their records.
RECOMMENDATION
That you sign the memorandum at Tab I.
Approve
Disapprove
Attachments:
Tab I
Memo to State
Tab II
Original Pkg.
CONFIDENTIAL Attachment
Cxs 7/12/02
12
8586
INDUS
NATICIAL SAJURITY COUNCIL
CONFIDENTIAL
December 16, 1982
ACTION
MEMORANDUM FOR WILLIAM P. CLARK
FROM:
PAULA DOBRIANSKY
SUBJECT:
Shcharansky Case: Possible New Steps
During this Administration, both official and unofficial U.S.
steps have been taken on behalf of imprisoned Soviet dissident
Anatoly Shcharansky. Most of these actions have been rebuffed by
Moscow. However, at the U.S. Trade and Economic Council (USTEC)
meeting in Moscow in mid-November, Arbatov mentioned to several
USTEC members that if Shcharansky were released, the U.S. Govern-
ment would reap considerable propaganda mileage. Yet, he asserted
that if he were to raise the case with the appropriate authorities,
certain U.S. guarantees would be needed.
At Tab I is a memorandum from State which indicates that James
Giffen, President of Armco International, will be going to Moscow
on December 18. Since the Soviets have suggested that USTEC be
used as a "special channel" of communication, State's memorandum
recommends that Giffen transmit a message to Arbatov about the
Shcharansky case. The verbal message would state, "that the
Executive Branch will do nothing to take propaganda advantage of
any unilateral Soviet gesture to help Shcharansky's plight" and
that " we will work with Congress and private groups to discourage
commentary that the Soviets were forced to give in or that U.S.
policies have triumphed." State also suggests that Giffen be
authorized to say "if no White House meeting were made a condition
of Shcharansky's release, this condition would be honored."
According to State, both Mrs. Shcharansky and the Israelis have
supported this approach.
I recommend that we utilize this "special channel" for it has
the advantage of not being "official". It would also meet
Arbatov's stated concerns about Shcharansky's conditional release
and would satisfy Mrs. Shcharansky's request that the USG send a
"special emissary" to speak with Soviet authorities on her
husband's behalf. A decision is needed by noon, Friday, December 17.
Richard Pipes concurs.
CONFIDENTIAL
Declassify on: OADR
DECLASSIFIED
NLRR F06-114/649382
BY RW
3/19/13
CONFIDENTIAL
2
RECOMMENDATION
That James Giffen be authorized on behalf of the Executive
Branch to transmit the message (in the second paragraph, above)
on Shcharansky to Arbatov.
Approve Clear Disapprove
Attachment:
Tab I
State's memorandum, dated December 10, 1982
CONFIDENTIAL
S/S 8238015
United States Department of State
Washington. D.C. 20320
December 10, 1982
SECRET/NODIS
MEMORANDUM FOR MR. WILLIAM P. CLARK
THE WHITE HOUSE
SUBJECT: Possible New Step to Help Anatoliy Shcharanskiy
Following on the President's letter to Brezhnev, there have
been a number of official and unofficial U.S. attempts to raise
with the Soviets the plight of imprisoned Soviet dissident Anatoliy
Shcharanskiy. Unfortunately, these attempts have been almost
uniformly rebuffed. In Madrid, Max Kampelman sent a letter on
November 24 to Soviet delegation leader Kovalev requesting
reconsideration of the Sakharov, Orlov and Shcharanskiy cases. The
letter was returned. In Moscow, Senator Dole raised the
Shcharanskiy case with USA/Canada Institute Director Arbatov, who
rejected linking the case with other issues of interest to the
Soviets. Also in Moscow, our Embassy attempted to pass a letter
from Avital Shcharanskiy to the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, asking
that it be forwarded to Anatoliy Shcharanskiy. The letter was
returned, with a note stating that our request to facilitate its
delivery "was completely inappropriate.
The least negative signal on Shcharanskiy was given by Arbatov
in conversations with members of the U.S. Trade and Economic
Council (USTEC), which met in Moscow during mid-November. On that
occasion, Arbatov said that he did not think that taking action on
Shcharanskiy at this time was necessarily a good move since people
would then argue that present U.S. policies were working. He also
noted that dissidents, when let out, tended to make a lot of noise,
and that the first thing that would happen if the Soviets released
Shcharanskiy would be that he would meet in the White House with
President Reagan. Arbatov said that if he were to approach someone
who could release Shcharanskiy, he would need answers for these
questions.
USTEC personnel could not, on that occasion, speak for the U.S.
government, and therefore had no answers for Arbatov. In view of
past Soviet performance on this issue, we doubt that, even if the
USG does answer Arbatov's questions to his satisfaction, it would
make much difference in the Shcharanskiy case. However, there is
still a good reason for trying to get back to Arbatov. Avital
Shcharanskiy recently met with Deputy Assistant Secretary for
European Affairs Mark Palmer to ask whether -- in the wake of the
Soviet leadership changes -- it wouldn't be a good time to take
another initiative with the Soviet authorities on behalf of her
husband. Specifically, her idea was that we send a "special
DECLASSIFIED
NLS F010-114/6 9388
SECRET/NODIS
BY
LOJ
NARA,
DATE
12/13/07
DECL:
OADR
SECRET
-2-
emissary" (someone like Henry Kissinger) to talk to the Soviets
about her husband. Palmer was understandably pessimistic about the
prospects for such an effort, but agreed that the USG would consider
the proposal.
We now understand that USTEC member James Giffen (President of
Armco International) may be returning to Moscow before Christmas for
business reasons. The Soviets have suggested that they would like
to use USTEC Co-chairman C. William Verity as a "special channel" of
communication to build towards a Reagan-Andropov summit and
expanding trade. We have naturally warned USTEC officials that this
Soviet line is not new and is probably just a ploy to probe U.S.
policy intentions without commitment from the Soviet side.
However, the fact that the Soviets have themselves opened up
this "special channel" does mean that messages should be able to go
both ways, and it has the advantage of being not quite official in
the Shcharanskiy case, since Verity raised the issue with Arbatov
with our encouragement but not in the name of the Administration.
We think it should be used to satisfy Mrs. Shcharanskiy's desire for
additional efforts on behalf of her husband, and can be used for
this single purpose without committing us to a broader and more
durable extra-official "channel" to the Soviets of a type
inappropriate to relations at this point. Accordingly, we recommend
that the USG give Giffen a message to take to Arbatov on
Shcharanskiy. We recommend that the message be that the Executive
Branch will do nothing to take propaganda advantage of any
unilateral Soviet gesture to help Shcharanskiy's plight, and we will
work with Congress and private groups as well to discourage any
commentary suggesting that the Soviet side was "forced" to give in
or that U.S. policies have "triumphed." We would also recommend
that Giffen be authorized to say, on behalf of the President, that
if no White House meeting were made a condition of Shcharanskiy's
release, this condition would be honored (in our informal contacts
with Mrs. Shcharanskiy and the Israelis about possible conditions
the Soviets might impose for Shcharanskiy's release, both parties
have supported this strategy).
As noted, we do not think that such assurances, if passed to
Arbatov, stand much chance of moving the Soviets on the Shcharanskiy
issue. But we should at least be on record as having made our best
effort to help Shcharanskiy. In doing this, we will have gone most
of the way toward satisfying Mrs. Shcharanskiy's request, and we
will have deprived the Soviets of the ability to reiterate the
Arbatov arguments in any credible manner in the future.
L. Paul Bremer, III
Executive Secretary
SECRET/NODIS
National Security Council
The White House
Package # 8586
27:17 17
SEQUENCE TO HAS SEEN
ACTION
John Poindexter
/
A
Bud McFarlane
?
Pine
5
3
Jacque Hill
Judge Clark
4
A.
John Poindexter
Staff Secretary
Sit Room
I-Information A-Action R-Retain D-Dispatch N-No further
Action
DISTRIBUTION
cc:
VP
Meese
Baker
Deaver
Other
UNCENT
COMMENTS
hote that the recommendation
for approval does not refer to
the Insident This intentional
inc do not believe we should refer
to the President in this undicinal
Channel
8586 add-on
Desireted
CONFIDENTIAL Attachment
December 22, 1982
ACTION
MEMORANDUM FOR MICHAEL O. WHEELER
FROM:
PAULA DOBRIANSKY
"
SUBJECT:
Shcharansky Case
Although Judge Clark approved the package attached at Tab II
last week and State was advised, they need the memo attached
at Tab I showing the decision in writing for their records.
RECOMMENDATION
That you sign the memorandum at Tab I.
Approve
Disapprove
Attachments:
Tab I
Memo to State
Tab II
Original Pkg.
CONFIDENTIAL Attachment
CAS 7/12/02
18
8586
(S/S 8238015)
NATIONAL SECURITY COUNCIL
WASHINGTON. C.C. 20506
CONF IDENTIAL
22Dect2 22
MEMORANDUM FOR L. PAUL BREMER, III
Executive Secretary
Department of State
SUBJECT:
Shcharansky Case: Possible New Steps
We have reviewed and concur with State's proposal that James
Giffen, President of Armco International, be authorized on
behalf of the Executive Branch to transmit a message to
Arbatov about the Shcharansky case. The verbal message
would state, "that the Executive Branch will do nothing to
take propaganda advantage of any unilateral Soviet gesture
to help Shcharansky's plight" and that "we will work with
Congress and private groups to discourage commentary that
the Soviets were forced to give in or that U.S. policies
have triumphed." We also concur that Giffen indicate "if no
White House meeting were made a condition of Shcharansky's
release, this condition would be honored." However, as
Giffen will be utilizing an "unofficial" channel, he should
not make this or any other statement on behalf of the
President -- only on behalf of the Executive Branch or the
Administration. (C)
(s)
Michael O. Wheeler
Staff Secretary
rec'd
See tonal
CONF IDENTIAL
Declassify on: OADR
DECLASSIFIED
NLS F06-114/649383
BY LOS NARA, DATE 12/13/07
19
8586
CONF IDENTIAL
December 16, 1982
ACTION
MEMORANDUM FOR WILLIAM P. CLARK
FROM:
PAULA DOBRIANSKY
SUBJECT:
Shcharansky Case: Possible New Steps
During this Administration, both official and unofficial U.S.
steps have been taken on behalf of imprisoned Soviet dissident
Anatoly Shcharansky. Most of these actions have been rebuffed by
Moscow. However, at the U.S. Trade and Economic Council (USTEC)
meeting in Moscow in mid-November, Arbatov mentioned to several
USTEC members that if Shcharansky were released, the U.S. Govern-
ment would reap considerable propaganda mileage. Yet, he asserted
that if he were to raise the case with the appropriate authorities,
certain U.S. guarantees would be needed.
At Tab I is a memorandum from State which indicates that James
Giffen, President of Armco International, will be going to Moscow
on December 18. Since the Soviets have suggested that USTEC be
used as a "special channel" of communication, State's memorandum
recommends that Giffen transmit a message to Arbatov about the
Shcharansky case. The verbal message would state, "that the
Executive Branch will do nothing to take propaganda advantage of
any unilateral Soviet gesture to help Shcharansky's plight" and
that " we will work with Congress and private groups to discourage
commentary that the Soviets were forced to give in or that U.S.
policies have triumphed." State also suggests that Giffen be
authorized to say "if no White House meeting were made a condition
of Shcharansky's release, this condition would be honored."
According to State, both Mrs. Shcharansky and the Israelis have
supported this approach.
I recommend that we utilize this "special channel" for it has
the advantage of not being "official". It would also meet
Arbatov's stated concerns about Shcharansky's conditional release
and would satisfy Mrs. Shcharansky's request that the USG send a
"special emissary" to speak with Soviet authorities on her
husband's behalf. A decision is needed by noon, Friday, December 17.
Richard Pipes concurs.
CONFIDENTIAL
Declassify on: OADR
DECLASSIFIED
NLRR #9384
BY RW
3/19/13
CONFIDENTIAL
2
RECOMMENDATION
That James Giffen be authorized on behalf of the Executive
Branch to transmit the message (in the second paragraph, above)
on Shcharansky to Arbatov.
Approve Clerk Disapprove
Attachment:
Tab I
State's memorandum, dated December 10, 1982
CONFIDENTIAL
S/S 8238015
United States Department of State
Washington. D.C. 2020
December 10, 1982
SECRET/NODIS
MEMORANDUM FOR MR. WILLIAM P. CLARK
THE WHITE HOUSE
SUBJECT: Possible New Step to Help Anatoliy Shcharanskiy
Following on the President's letter to Brezhnev, there have
been a number of official and unofficial U.S. attempts to raise
with the Soviets the plight of imprisoned Soviet dissident Anatoliy
Shcharanskiy. Unfortunately, these attempts have been almost
uniformly rebuffed. In Madrid, Max Kampelman sent a letter on
November 24 to Soviet delegation leader Kovalev requesting
reconsideration of the Sakharov, Orlov and Shcharanskiy cases. The
letter was returned. In Moscow, Senator Dole raised the
Shcharanskiy case with USA/Canada Institute Director Arbatov, who
rejected linking the case with other issues of interest to the
Soviets. Also in Moscow, our Embassy attempted to pass a letter
from Avital Shcharanskiy to the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, asking
that it be forwarded to Anatoliy Shcharanskiy. The letter was
returned, with a note stating that our request to facilitate its
delivery "was completely inappropriate.
The least negative signal on Shcharanskiy was given by Arbatov
in conversations with members of the U.S. Trade and Economic
Council (USTEC), which met in Moscow during mid-November. On that
occasion, Arbatov said that he did not think that taking action on
Shcharanskiy at this time was necessarily a good move since people
would then argue that present U.S. policies were working. He also
noted that dissidents, when let out, tended to make a lot of noise,
and that the first thing that would happen if the Soviets released
Shcharanskiy would be that he would meet in the White House with
President Reagan. Arbatov said that if he were to approach someone
who could release Shcharanskiy, he would need answers for these
questions.
USTEC personnel could not, on that occasion, speak for the U.S.
government, and therefore had no answers for Arbatov. In view of
past Soviet performance on this issue, we doubt that, even if the
USG does answer Arbatov's questions to his satisfaction, it would
make much difference in the Shcharanskiy case. However, there is
still a good reason for trying to get back to Arbatov. Avital
Shcharanskiy recently met with Deputy Assistant Secretary for
European Affairs Mark Palmer to ask whether -- in the wake of the
Soviet leadership changes -- it wouldn't be a good time to take
another initiative with the Soviet authorities on behalf of her
husband. Specifically, her idea was that we send a "special
DECLASSIFIED
NLS F06-114/6#9389
SECRET/NODIS
BY
LOT
DATE
12/13/07
DECL: OADR
NARA,
SECRET/NODIS
-2-
emissary" (someone like Henry Kissinger) to talk to the Soviets
about her husband. Palmer was understandably pessimistic about the
prospects for such an effort, but agreed that the USG would consider
the proposal.
We now understand that USTEC member James Giffen (President of
Armco International) may be returning to Moscow before Christmas for
business reasons. The Soviets have suggested that they would like
to use USTEC Co-chairman C. William Verity as a "special channel" of
communication to build towards a Reagan-Andropov summit and
expanding trade. We have naturally warned USTEC officials that this
Soviet line is not new and is probably just a ploy to probe U.S.
policy intentions without commitment from the Soviet side.
However, the fact that the Soviets have themselves opened up
this "special channel" does mean that messages should be able to go
both ways, and it has the advantage of being not quite official in
the Shcharanskiy case, since Verity raised the issue with Arbatov
with our encouragement but not in the name of the Administration.
We think it should be used to satisfy Mrs. Shcharanskiy's desire for
additional efforts on behalf of her husband, and can be used for
this single purpose without committing us to a broader and more
durable extra-official "channel" to the Soviets of a type
inappropriate to relations at this point. Accordingly, we recommend
that the USG give Giffen a message to take to Arbatov on
Shcharanskiy. We recommend that the message be that the Executive
Branch will do nothing to take propaganda advantage of any
unilateral Soviet gesture to help Shcharanskiy's plight, and we will
work with Congress and private groups as well to discourage any
commentary suggesting that the Soviet side was "forced" to give in
or that U.S. policies have "triumphed." We would also recommend
that Giffen be authorized to say, on behalf of the President, that
if no White House meeting were made a condition of Shcharanskiy's
release, this condition would be honored (in our informal contacts
with Mrs. Shcharanskiy and the Israelis about possible conditions
the Soviets might impose for Shcharanskiy's release, both parties
have supported this strategy).
As noted, we do not think that such assurances, if passed to
Arbatov, stand much chance of moving the Soviets on the Shcharanskiy
issue. But we should at least be on record as having made our best
effort to help Shcharanskiy. In doing this, we will have gone most
of the way toward satisfying Mrs. Shcharanskiy's request, and we
will have deprived the Soviets of the ability to reiterate the
Arbatov arguments in any credible manner in the future.
L. Paul Bremer, III
Executive Secretary
SECRET/NODIS
National Security Council
The White House
Package # 8586
P7:17 : 17
SEQUENCE TO HAS SEEN
ACTION
John Poindexter
/
A
Bud McFarlane
2
3
Jacque Hill
Judge Clark
4
A
John Poindexter
Staff Secretary
Sit Room
I-Information A-Action R-Retain D-Dispatch N-No further
Action
DISTRIBUTION
cc:
VP
Meese
Baker
Deaver
Other
INCENT
COMMENTS
hote that the recommendation
for approval does not refer to
the unesident Think intentional
the do not believe we should refer
to the President in this undicial
Charmed
8779
Dissidents
MEMORANDUM
NATIONAL SECURITY COUNCIL
December 23, 1982
ACTION
MEMORANDUM FOR WILLIAM P. CLARK
TD
FROM:
PAULA DOBRIANSKY
DENNIS C. DLAIR
SUBJECT:
Proposed Presidential Telephone Calls
Attached at Tabs I and II, respectively, are "Recommended
Telephone Call" memoranda proposing that the President, in
the spirit of the season, make telephone calls to Pope John
Paul II and to Lisa Alexeyeva Semyonova (Sakharov's daughter-
in-law).
RECOMMENDATION
That you initial and forward the memoranda proposing these
calls at Tabs I and II (to Pope John Paul II and Mrs. Semyonova,
respectively).
Approve
Disapprove
Attachments:
Tab I
Recommended Telephone Call Memo to Pope John Paul II
Tab II
Recommended Telephone Call Memo to Mrs. Semyonova
8779
THE WHITE HOUSE
WASHINGTON
RECOMMENDED TELEPHONE CALL
TO:
His Eminence Pope John Paul II
DATE:
December 24-25, 1982
RECOMMENDED BY:
William P. Clark
PURPOSE:
It is appropropriate that President
Reagan, the political leader of the West,
talk at the end of the year (Christmas) to
Pope John Paul, the most important spiritual
leader in the West. The call would demonstrate
the President's concern with the moral
dimension of the many problems in the world:
Poland, the Middle East, and arms control in
particular.
TOPICS OF
DISCUSSION:
1. Concern about the sincerity and seriousness
of purpose of the Polish regime's recent announce-
ment of the suspension of martial law.
2. The Administration's deep concern about and
support for the Polish people, and commitment
to continue to send humanitarian assistance.
3. Concern for the people of Lebanon, and
determination to negotiate the withdrawal of
all foreign forces from that country.
4. Determination to continue to press for
reductions in the world's nuclear arsenals.
8779
THE WHITE HOUSE
WASHINGTON
RECOMMENDED TELEPHONE CALL
TO:
Elizaveta (Lisa) Alexeyeva Semyonova,
daughter-in-law of Andrei Sakharov, the
leading Soviet human rights activist,
renowned scientist, and Nobel Prize Laureate.
DATE:
December 24 - 25, 1982
RECOMMENDED BY:
William P. Clark
PURPOSE:
To express your concern for Sakharov's (her
father-in-law's) plight in the Soviet Union
and your admiration of his undying courage
and outspoken advocacy of human rights.
BACKGROUND:
Lisa Alexeyeva applied for a regular Soviet visa
for over three years, while her fiance was already
in the U.S. She was refused on the grounds that she
had no marital status. In 1980, she married Mr.
Aleksei Semyonov by proxy. In November 1981,
Sakharov and his wife, Elena Bonner, went on a
two-week hunger strike to protest the repeated
refusal of Soviet authorities to grant an exit visa
to Lisa Alekseyeva to join her husband in the
U.S. After continued protests from the West, Lisa
was finally granted an exit visa on December 9, 1981.
In January 1980, Andrei Sakharov was exiled by
Soviet authorities to Gorky, where he has been
subjected for two years to villainous harassment,
punishment, loss of his livelihood and acts of
physical violence in retaliation for his outspoken
advocacy of human rights.
TOPICS OF DISCUSSION:
1.
Concern about the continued harassment of her father-in-law.
2.
Your strong admiration for Sakharov's undying courage and
persistent struggle for basic freedoms and human rights.
3.
The Administration's belief that Mr. Sakharov should be permitted
to take up residence in a place of his own choice where he will be able
to reestablish contact with fellow scientists and resume his important
research.
4.
What is Sakharov's current state of health?
5. The Administration has made and will continue to make official
representations to Soviet authorities on behalf of Andrei Sakharov.
NOTE:
A translator will be needed.
Describer
faled 12/30/82
10 days of
I
SHCHARAWSKY
- hunger strike ) husband on
- mother see him in Jan,
a. contact Russians at highest carel (cetter from Reason to
Breehney
b. prisoner exchanges
2
mefarlane -
[over the years - public statements
private pressure -- applied
La exchanges w/ Russians
publicles of privately.
Pres. Reagan - appoaled on your behalf
the & Sec.ef State
Pres.
or
would seek to make some kind of interention on his behalf.
Shcharansly - interested in receiving notes of what P. seeks to do.
5
Bud will be back in toods w/her.
cruph. it needs to remain private,
Wash. D.C. - 265 8114
N.Y. - (212)
Rat'l Conf. - Jerry Goodman
>
10 Days of Hunger strike
a. Report it
b, was moved -
(coordinate
& tacked about
Cetter for him to ites.)
his strong feelings
>
midday- - friday.
- hoped to make
>
was willing to an
(have a letter)
interention
to Sucharansky
DECLASSIFIED RELEASED
NLS F06-114/6*9390
BY 105 NARA, DATE 12/13/07
ENTIDOY nan THNUJINI
PARLEY
KYEN
R
NAT
tyI
BOVERIE
NORTH
CHILDRESS
POLLOCK
DEGRAFFENREID
POSA
DOBRIANSKY
RAYMOND
DUR
REED
FONTAINE
REGER
FORTIER
REIS
GUHIN
ROBINSON
HELM
RUSSELL
KEMP
RYE
KIMMITT
SAPIA-BOSCH
KRAEMER
SIGUR
LAUX
SIMS
LENCZOWSKI
SOMMER
LEVINE
STEARMAN
LILAC
TAMBS
LINHARD
TEICHER
LORD
TYSON
MANFREDI
WEISS
MARTIN
WETTERING
MCMINN
WHEELER
MORRIS
FICE
Dissi
CSAKH
J. Res. 51
Ainety-eighth Congress of the United States of America
AT THE FIRST SESSION
Begun and held at the City of Washington on Monday, the third day of January,
one thousand nine hundred and eighty-three
Joint Resolution
Designating May 21, 1983, as "Andrei Sakharov Day".
Whereas Andrei Sakharov has earned the admiration and gratitude
of all the peoples of the world for his tireless and courageous
efforts to secure basic human freedoms for the peoples of the
Soviet Union, including those rights and freedoms proclaimed and
guaranteed in the Final Act of the Conference on Security and
Cooperation in Europe signed at Helsinki, August 1, 1975; and
Whereas Andrei Sakharov has been awarded the Nobel Prize for
Peace for "his love of truth and strong belief in the inviolability of
human beings
his courageous defense of the human
spirit
" and a life that has made him "the conscience of
mankind"; and
Whereas Andrei Sakharov, in direct consequence of his tireless work
for world peace and human rights, has been illegally confined by
the Government of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics to the
remote city of Gorky, where, on May 21, 1983, he will spend his
sixty-second birthday in almost total isolation; and
Whereas even under conditions of isolation and harassment by
Soviet authorities, Andrei Sakharov has continued to speak with
eloquence and great moral force for the causes of human rights
and world peace, for amnesty for all prisoners of conscience, and
for full compliance by all signatory states with the provisions of
the Helsinki Final Act and the United Nations Universal Declara-
tion of Human Rights: Now, therefore, be it
Resolved by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United
States of America in Congress assembled, That May 21, 1983, is
designated "National Andrei Sakharov Day" and the President of
the United States is authorized and requested to issue a proclama-
tion calling upon the people of the United States to observe that day
with appropriate ceremonies and activities.
SEC. 2. The President of the United States is authorized and
requested to call upon all nations of the world to designate May 21,
1983, as "National Andrei Sakharov Day" within their respective
nations.
SEC. 3. The President of the United States is authorized and
requested to urge the Government of the Union of Soviet Socialist
Republics to permit Andrei Sakharov and his wife, Elena Bonner,
freely to choose their place of residence.
5
S.J. Res. 51-2
SEC. 4. The President of the United States is authorized and
requested to direct the American delegation to the United Nations
to introduce a resolution in the General Assembly calling upon that
body to designate May 21, 1983, as "International Andrei Sakharov
Day", to be observed by the United Nations with appropriate cere-
monies and activities.
Speaker of the House of Representatives.
Vice President of the United States and
President of the Senate
on
CONF IDENTIAL
SHCHARANSKY 31
INCOMING
NATIONAL SECURITY COUNCIL
MESSAGE CENTER
TELEGRAM
PAGE 01 OF 02 MOSCOW 0369
DTG: 111524Z JAN 83 PSN: 072550
EOB668
AN001194
TOR: 011/1815Z
CSN: HCE865
DISTRIBUTION: MYER-01 DOBR-01 /002 A2
E
X
WHTS ASSIGNED DISTRIBUTION:
SIT: PUBS
D
EOB:
S
ROUTINE
STU1946
DE RUEHMO #0369 0111525
R 111524Z JAN 83
FM AMEMBASSY MOSCOW
E
TO SECSTATE WASHDC 2223
X
INFO AMCONSUL LENINGRAD 0170
D
CONFI ENTI A L MOSCOW 00369
EXDIS
S
E.O. 12356: DECL: OADR
TAGS: SHUM, UR
SUBJECT: MEETING WITH SHCHARANSKIY' S BROTHER
REF: 82 MOSCOW 15391
E
1.
-
- ENTIRE TEXT.
X
D
2. EMBOFF SPOKE WITH ANATOLIY SHCHARANSKIY' BROTHER
LEONID ON JANUARY 10 DURING A MEETING BETWEEN LOCAL
DISSIDENTS AND REFUSENIKS AND MEMBERS OF CODEL LANTOS.
LEONID BASICALLY CONFIRMED THE INFORMATION ON THE MOST
S
RECENT DEVELOPMENTS IN HIS BROTHER'S HUNGER STRIKE AS
REPORTED RECENTLY IN WESTERN MEDIA. ACCORDING TO
LEONID, MINISTRY OF INTERNAL AFFAIRS (MVD) OFFICIALS
INFORMED HIS MOTHER IDA MILGROM AND HIM IN LATE DECEMBER
THAT A MEETING WITH ANATOLIY WOULD BE POSSIBLE AFTER
JANUARY 4. ACCORDINGLY, THEY TRAVELED TO CHISTOPOL'
PRISON ON JANUARY 4. THERE, PRISON COMMANDER ROMANOV
E
RECEIVED ONLY MRS. MILGROM AND INFORMED HER THAT ON THE
X
PREVIOUS DAY HE HAD TOLD ANATOLIY THAT HE WAS DEPRIVED OF
THE RIGHT TO MEET WITH RELATIVES BECAUSE OF HIS HUNGER
D
STRIKE. ROMANOV ADDED THAT HE WOULD ALLOW ANATOLIY TO
MEET WITH THEM IF HE ENDED THE STRIKE OR IF ONE OF
ROMANOV' S SUPERIORS IN KAZAN OR MOSCOW INSTRUCTED HIM
S
(ROMANOV) TO DO so. MRS. MILGROM THEN CALLED MOSCOW,
EVIDENTLY FROM ROMANOV' S OFFICE, AND THEN PASSED HIM THE
TELEPHONE. THE SUBSTANCE OF THE CONVERSATION OBVIOUSLY
ANGERED ROMANOV, AND HE CATEGORICALLY REFUSED TO
CONTINUE THE DISCUSSION WITH MRS. MILGROM AND LEONID.
SHE DECIDED TO STAY IN A HOTEL NEAR THE PRISON IN THE
HOPE THAT SHE SOON WOULD BE ALLOWED TO MEET WITH
ANATOLIY; SHE STILL WAS THERE AS OF JANUARY 10, AND
LEONID DOES NOT KNOW HOW LDNG SHE INTENDS TO REMAIN
THERE. LEONID RETURNED TO MOSCOW AND MET WITH MVD
OFFICIALS RESPONSIBLE FOR THE ADMINISTRATION OF
CORRECTIVE LABOR CAMPS ON JANUARY 7 TO PLEAD FOR A
MEETING FOR ANATOLIY. THEY INFORMED LEONID THAT HE
WOULD RECEIVE AN ANSWER ON JANUARY 10. WHEN HE
RETURNED TO MVD, HE WAS TOLD THAT "ALL QUESTIONS PUT
TO US MORE THAN ONCE HAVE BEEN ANSWERED BY THE
APPROPRIATE AUTHORITIES." (COMMENT: WE INTERPRET
THIS REMARK TO MEAN THAT SOVIET AUTHORITIES DEFINITELY
DECLASSIFIED
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CONF IDENTIAL BY NOT NARA, DATE 12/13/07
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CONF IDENTIAL
INCOMING
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MESSAGE CENTER
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HAVE DECIDED NOT TO ALLOW MRS. MILGROM OR LEONID TO
MEET WITH ANATOLIY UNTIL HE ENDS HIS HUNGER STRIKE.
THE OVIETS APPEAR TO BE STONEWALLING WITH REGARD TO
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HIS
ONDITION. END COMMENT. )
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3.
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EONID ADDED THAT CHISTOPOL' COMMANDANT ROMANOV
HAD I NF ORMED MRS. MILGROM THAT ANATOLIY WAS BEING
I
FORCE FED EVERY THIRD DAY.
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4.
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RS. MILGROM AND LEONID SHCHARANSKIY STILL DO NOT
KNOW FOR CERTAIN WHAT ANATOLIY' S CONDITION IS. THEY
FEAR THAT HE WILL SUFFER IRREPARABLE DAMAGE TO HIS
HEAL T IF HE PROLONGS HIS HUNGER STRIKE AND so ARE
EXTRE MELY ANXIOUS TO MEET WITH HIM NOW TO ATTEMPT TO
CONV NCE HIM TO END IT.
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5.
V EONID PLANS TO REMAIN IN MOSCOW AT LEAST FOR THE
X
NEXT EW DAYS. HARTMAN
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VOA Editorial Summary for 14 Jan. 83
Free Anatoly Shcharansky
The USG-ed has discussed the fate of Anatoly Shcharansky on
several occasions in the past few months since he began his
hunger strike. Fears for his life have grown in that time.
Shcharansky's wife says that today he is being force fed every
three days--and that she doubts that he can survive much longer.
The editorial repeats the unjust charges which the Soviets have
used to imprison Shcharansky and calls on the Soviet rulers,
"however much they detest him (to) understand at this pont that
there can be no justification for allowing him to die.
E
Editorial 0-0465
January 14, 1983
Free Anatoly Shcharansky (OUR42)
Anncr:
Next, a VOA Editorial, reflecting the views of the U.S. Government.
Voice:
It has been almost six years now since the arrest of Soviet human rights
activist Anatoly Shcharansky, and more than three months since he began a hunger
strike in a desperate effort to gain his freedom. Fears for Mr. Shcharansky's life
been growing ever since then, and now his wife says that he may not survive much
longer.
Mrs. Shcharansky has appealed to French President Francois Mitterrand,
asking him to use whatever influence he has in the Kremlin to secure her husband's
release. She says that Mr. Shcharansky is being force-fed every three days by
officials of the prison in Chistopol, where he is being held. But that, she warned, is
not enough to keep him alive.
Officially, Mr. Shcharansky is serving out a 13-year sentence for committing
espionage. In fact, he is being punished for his political views. Anatoly
Shcharansky was an active member of the Helsinki group of activitists who
monitored Soviet compliance with the Helsinki Final Act, in which Moscow pledged
to observe minimum internationally accepted standards of human rights. He was
also involved in the movement among Soviet Jews to escape religious persecution
by emigrating to Israel. If Mr. Shcharansky is ever allowed to go free, that is
where he intends to live.
- 2 -
We have often complained about the Soviet Union's unconscionable treatment
of political dissenters. We have often decried the violations of fundamental and
universal human rights that are committed by regimes that imprison people for
having or expressing views that are not officially sanctioned by their governments.
We have often been appalled by the mockery of law that takes place when a
government concocts criminal charges against political dissenters just to shut them
up.
But the evidence suggests that Mr. Shcharansky's condition may be too
critical to leave time for further argument. Now it is simply a matter of saving a
human life. Whatever the Soviet authorities may think of Anatoly Shcharansky,
however much they detest him, even they must understand at this point that there
can be no justification for allowing him to dic.
Anner:
That was a VOA Editorial, reflecting the views of the U.S. Government.
FICE SHCHARABILY
NATIONAL SECURITY COUNCIL
January 18, 1983
TO:
BOB SIMS
WALT RAYMOND
PAULA DOBRIANSKY
FROM:
CARY LORD
FYI.
SECRET
SHEHARANSLY
NATIONAL SECURITY COUNCIL
Dissedents
MESSAGE CENTER
PAGE 01 OF 02 SECSTATE WASHDC 3245
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EOB823
AN003700
TOR: 015/2042Z
CSN: HCE486
DISTRIBUTION: FORT-01 MYER-01 DOBR-01 KRAM-01 LINH-01 ROBN-01
SIMS-01 /007 A2
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WHSR COMMENT: CHECKLIST
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WHTS ASSIGNED DISTRIBUTION:
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SIT: CKLS
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OP IMMED
DE RUEHC #3245 0152019
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FM SECSTATE WASHDC
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TO AMEMBASSY THE HAGUE IMMEDIATE 2213
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INFO AMEMBASSY BRUSSELS IMMEDIATE 6165
AMEMBASSY LONDON IMMEDIATE 6911
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AMEMBASSY PARIS IMMEDIATE 9586
AMEMBASSY MOSCOW IMMEDIATE 1689
AMCONSUL ANTWERP IMMEDIATE 8069
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AMCONSUL ROTTERDAM IMMEDIATE 4007
USMISSION USNATO IMMEDIATE 4365
SE CRET STATE 013245
EXDIS
E.O. 12356: DECL: OADR
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TAGS: OFDP, PREL, UR, NL, NATO, SHUM
SUBJECT: ANATOLIY SHCHARANSKIY AND SOVIET INTEREST IN A
X
PERMANENT PRESENCE IN ROTTERDAM
D
REF: A) STATE 011260, B) STATE 013113, C) THE HAGUE 00359
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1.
- ENTIRE TEXT)
2. AMBASSADOR IS REQUESTED TO APPROACH APPROPRIATE MF A
OFFICIAL PER REF A AND MAKE THE FOLLOWING POINTS CONCERNING
SOVIET EFFORTS TO OBTAIN A PERMANENT PRESENCE IN ROTTERDAM:
E
-- THE US AND OTHER ALLIES HAVE EXPRESSED THEIR SERIOUS
X
CONCERN IN NATO ABOUT THE SOVIET REQUEST TO ESTABLISH A
COMMERCIAL/CONSULAR PRESENCE IN ROTTERDAM;
D
WE WOULD HAVE STRONGLY PREFERRED THAT THE DUTCH
GOVERNMENT NOT HAVE AGREED TO A PERMANENT SOVIET PRESENCE
OF ANY KIND IN ROTTERDAM GIVEN THE SERIOUS ALLIANCE SECURITY
S
CONCERNS INVOLVED AND BELIEVE THEIR CONDITIONS OF RESIDENCY
SHOULD TAKE THOSE CONCERNS FULLY INTO ACCOUNT;
-- SINCE THE GON HAS EVIDENTLY DECIDED TO ALLOW A PERMANENT
SOVIET PRESENCE IN ROTTERDAM, WE WOULD HOPE THAT THE
NETHERLANDS WOULD EXTRACT AN EQUALLY SIGNIFICANT CONCESSION
FROM THE SOVIET UNION;
-- IN THIS CONNECTION, WE UNDERSTAND THAT AVITAL
SHCHARANSKIY RECENTLY MET WITH PRIME MINISTER LUBBERS. AS
YOU ARE PROBABLY AWARE, SECRETARY SHULTZ MET WITH MRS.
SHCHARANSKIY ON OCTOBER 16, SHORTLY AFTER HER HUSBAND
ANATOLIY DECLARED AN INDEFINITE HUNGER STRIKE TO PROTEST
HIS SOVIET JAILERS' REFUSAL TO ALLOW HIM CONTACT WITH THE
OUTSIDE WORLD--EVEN WITH HIS OWN FAMILY.
-- SINCE THEN, WE AND OTHERS IN THE WEST HAVE BEEN PURSUING
A NUMBER OF AVENUES IN AN ATTEMPT TO HELP MR. SHCHARANSKIY-
DECLASSIFIED
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SECRET
BY LOT NARA, DATE 12/13/02
SECRET
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MESSAGE CENTER
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AND TO PERSUADE THE SOVIETS TO RELEASE HIM AND ALLOW HIM TO
EMIGRATE TO ISRAEL;
E
-- GIVEN THE NETHERLANDS STRONG HUMAN RIGHTS TRADITION, WE
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ASK THAT THE GON USE ITS DISCUSSION WI, H THE SOVIETS YO
RAISE THE SHCHARANSKIY CASE AS A QUID PRO QUO AND TO EFFECT
D
HS RELEASE AND EMIGRATION FROM THE SOVIET UNION. SHULTZ
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SECRET
FILE-
Vol. VII No. 6 January 18, 1983
Lynn Singer,
INFORMATION FROM
THE UNION OF COUNCILS FOR SOVIET JEWS
WEEKLY UPDATE
Shcharansky turns 35
Mother and Brother Denied Visit
ANATOLY SHCHARANSKY will be
thirty-five years old on January
20. That same day will mark the
116th day of his hunger strike.
At the end of December, IDA MILGROM
and LEONID SHCHARANSKY met with
Konovolov, an officer in the
Ministry of Internal Affairs, USSR,
who issued them permission to visit
Anatoly on January 4, 1983, one
year to the day since their last
visit. They were told that the
authorization would be forthcoming.
They did receive official authorization,
and on January 3, left on the 500
mile journey to Chistopol Prison.
Upon their arrival, they met with
Camp Commandant Romanov. He denied
them permission to visit Anatoly,
saying "you are entitled by law to
have a visit, but I need instructions
from Moscow. You wouldn't want to
see him anyway, because he does not
look like you or me." Romanov confirmed
that Shcharansky was still on hunger
strike and was being force-fed once
Anatoly Shcharansky
every third day.
Leonid returned to Moscow on January 6 in an effort to investigate the
reason for Soviet authorities' sudden reversal of their decision to
grant a family visit. He went to the Communist Party Central Committee
and to the Main Administration of Prisons where he was informed that
the decision to allow a visit rested with the Camp Commandant.
At this writing, Ida Milgrom remains at Chistopol Prison in the hope
that she will finally be permitted to see her son.
According to former POC IOSEF MENDELEVICH, under Soviet law a person in the
fourth month of a hunger strike must be fed twice a day. The continued
inhumane treatment of Anatoly Shcharansky is yet another vivid demonstration
- 2 -
of Soviet authorities' blatant disregard of their own laws and of all
accepted international norms of civilized behavior.
Urgent Appeal for Begun
Soviet authorities continue to hold YOSEF BEGUN in Vladimir Prison.
The UCSJ received the following urgent appeal from INNA SHLOMOVNA
SPERANSKY.
To the Procurator of the Vladimirskaya Oblast
To the Procurator of the RSFSR
To the Procurator General of the USSR
I consider that the activities of my husband in the field of Jewish culture does
not constitute any element of criminality. I am convinced that the desire to
emigrate to Israel cannot be a crime against the state of the USSR.
The answer that my husband is in the possession of any state secrets, when in fact
he has had no contact of any such kind for the last 15 years is an excuse with no
foundation and can only be considered by people of unclear conscience who do not
wish to go to the heart of the matter.
I earnestly beg you to let me have an answer as to where my husband's guilt really
lies.
Inna Shlomovna Speransky
January 12, 1983
1982: Emigration Plummets
Soviet Jewish emigration reached its lowest level in twelve years.
Only 2,670 Jews were allowed to emigrate from the USSR in 1982. This
represents a 95% drop since 1979 when over 51,000 Jews left the Soviet
Union.
The State Department, voicing deep concern over this precipitous decline,
pledged to continue its efforts to convince the USSR to lifts its
stringent restrictions on emigration. Spokesman Alan Romberg said,
"The severe constriction of emigration by the Soviet authorities in
recent years is a matter of deep concern to the U.S. government and
this concern has been communicated to the Soviet government at every
level, both in public forums and through diplomatic channels. We
regard the Soviet reductions in emigration as clearly contradictory
to the principle of freedom of movement and family reunification contained
in the Helsinki Final Act to which the USSR is a signatory."
Deterioration has occured in every facet of Soviet Jewish life:
ANATOLY SHCHARANSKY continues to languish on hunger strike,
while ALEXANDER PARITSKY was resentenced to punishment cell
for six months.
Over ten refuseniks from Moscow and Leningrad were issued
final refusals for exit visas. They were told, "Don't reapply,
you will never get visas."
- 3 -
Arrests of prominent activists continued in 1982 with
IOSEF BEGUN, FELIKS KOCHUBIEVSKY, and ALEXANDER KREMEN.
In Odessa, seven refuseniks including YAKOV and MARINA MESH,
YURI and LIDIA PEVZNER and ALEXANDER KUSHNIR were threatened
with arrest in retaliation for their appeal for Shcharansky.
"Guardian Angel" IDA NUDEL was released from exile only to be
denied a residency permit in both Moscow and Riga; she has
been forced to settle in Bendery, Moldavia in order to avoid
rearrest.
Jewish cultural expression has been nearly extinguished.
Hebrew teachers and seminar participants have been harassed
relentlessly and interrogated by the KGB.
The desperate situation of Soviet Jews is poignantly expressed in a
letter recently received by long-term refuseniks VLADIMIR and IZOLDA
TUFELD of Moscow.
.we believe this holiday of Hanukkah with miracles helps for our family reunion
as miracles were done for our people before now.
...
I'd like to write to you
good news but I must write otherwise because we have a very difficult life here
and so we decided to share it with you, our friends.
About a week ago we spoke to our son Igor. He, his wife Anna, our little grandson
Danik (he was born on January 12, 1982) are well but they are very worried about
us; we're not able to be with them at this difficult time. Danik is very active
but we cannot enjoy him. It will soon be six years since Igor left Moscow for Israel.
we miss Igor's family terribly. Reuniting our family is the biggest dream of our
whole life. We did not receive Igor's letters or he from us since February
although we are writing to each other regularly.
Now we are waiting for an answer from OVIR again and we don't give up hope for
the best and our family reunion in the near future.
News Briefs
*The KGB visited LEONID BRAILOVSKY in an investigation to determine
whether his father, VICTOR, should be released from prison ahead of
schedule. Leonid was told, "People who recant their crimes and reform
are entitled to early release. Your father has not done so and therefore
he is not entitled to early release."
*POC VLADIMIR TSUKERMAN is meeting with his parents on January 10th
to the 13th.
*Former POC SIMON SHNIRMAN of Zaprohzia, who served two and a half
years in labor camp because of his refusal to join the army, was
called up again last month. If he does not comply this time, he
could face five years of imprisonment.
*Fifteen year old EMMA SHIFRIN was recently threatened with arrest
by KGB officers, who accused her of "spreading propaganda." Soviet
official harassment seemingly has no limits.
- 4 -
*POC VLADIMIR YELCHIN, who was sentenced to five years in labor camp
for "defaming the Soviet state" in May 1982 has been denied correspondence
for the next two years. POC LEV SHEFER, sentenced at the same time on
a similar charge was beaten up by criminal elements in his labor camp.
*Seventeen year old SASHA KREMEN was recently arrested under Article 146
of the Soviet Criminal Code, "assault with the attempt to commit robbery."
This charge carries the sentence of three to six years. His father
MIKHAIL fears that the photographic equipment which was confiscated
from his apartment (ALERT 12/10/82) will be used against Sasha as
evidence of smuggling.
*FELIKS KOCHUBIEVSKY's appeal was supposed to have been heard at the
court in Moscow on January 10th.
*Fifteen more refuseniks in Moscow were called to the OVIR and were
given "life refusals", according to the decision of the Interior
Ministry. Among them are YURI ILIN-ADAYEV and ISSAK KAIZLIN.
*The following note was written by YURI TARNOPOLSKY after he ended
his unsuccessful forty day hunger strike which he undertook in the
hope of winning permission for him and his family to emigrate.
"
I thank you and all other people who are struggling for our
freedom.
I am all right. I didn't want to harm myself though
I admitted that possibility. I didn't want to trouble my friends.
I simply couldn't live without protesting this outrage.
Around the Country
The Union of Councils for Soviet Jews will hold
its fourth biennial Congressional Briefing on
Soviet Jewry, dedicated to Soviet POC Anatoly
Shcharansky, on January 26, 1983. Guest
speakers at the Briefing will include
representatives from the Helsinki Commission,
State Department, and the National Security
Council. Also included in the program will be
Harvard law professor Alan Dershowitz, and
former refusenik professor Mark Azbel. The
briefing is co-sponsored by Senators Alan
Cranston (D-CA) and Alfonse D'Amato (R-NY) and
Representatives Tim Wirth (D-CO) and Norman Lent
(R-NY).
*Senator Paul Tsongas (D-MA) has filed an appeal for POC ALEXANDER
PARITSKY, according to the Soviet Jewry Legal Advocacy Center. Tsongas,
who holds a power of attorney from Paritsky's brother in Israel, has
submitted the brief to the Soviet Embassy for forwarding to the highest
Soviet law enforcement official, the Procurator General.
- 5 -
The Public International Law Committee of the Boston Bar Association
has joined in the petition of Senator Tsongas in seeking the release
of Paritsky.
*A 15-member Congressional delegation led by Representative Tom Lantos
(D-CA) visited the Soviet Union January 8-11, 1983. They met with
of Soviet Jewry with officials in both cities.
several refusenik families in Moscow and Leningrad, and raised the issue
Shcharansky's Wife Asks Mitterrand for Help
By E. J. DIONNE Jr.
Mr. Shcharansky was sentenced in
once every three days. She added that
Special to The New York Times
1978 to 13 years at hard labor on charges
no one had seen him or received a letter
PARIS, Jan. 12 - Avital Shcharan-
of spying for the United States. He has
from him in a year, and that the au-
sky, wife of the imprisoned Soviet dissi-
been on a hunger strike for three and a
thorities had denied Mr. Shcharansky's
dent Anatoly B. Shcharansky, urged
half months.
mother the right to see him.
President François Mitterrand of
"I'm very afraid, and I am not the
"He must be in such a state that they
France today to ask Soviet leaders to
only one," she said. "His mother, his
don't dare show him to his mother," she
free her husband.
brother, the whole family in the Soviet
said.
"I hope President Mitterrand can act
Union and all those who are interested
At her news conference, Mrs.
quickly," she said during an interview
in him are afraid that something has al-
Shcharansky said that although she did
on French television. "If not, I'm afraid
ready happened, or could happen in the
not believe, as some have said, that the
it will be death."
next few days. It could be too late very
new Soviet leader, Yuri V. Andropov,
soon."
espouses "liberalism," she hoped that
'They Don't Dare Show Him'
Mr. Andropov would respond to appeals
by Mr. Mitterrand and others.
New York Times
Mrs. Shcharansky, who also held a
"The fate of my husband," she said,
1/13/83
news conference here, said she learned
"today symbolizes the fate of the Jews
that her husband was being force-fed
from the Soviet Union."
Alexander Paritsky's Chanukah
During this year's celebration of Chanukah,
cacy Center have filed an appeal of his convic-
the Jewish feast dedicated to a people's unend-
tion, arguing that the "evidence" - a petition
ing fight for freedom, the fate of Alexander Par-
which he signed complaining about delays in
itsky has been of especial concern.
securing exit visas and a school essay written
It is now just a year since Paritsky, a 45-
by his daughter Dorina expressing a wish to
year-old ocean engineer, was sentenced to three
live in Israel - did not prove the charge that
years in a Siberian labor camp on charges of
Paritsky had knowingly disseminated false
anti-Soviet agitation which were initiated after
statements about the Soviet state.
he and his family had applied for permission to
Elie Wiesel, the historian of the Holocaust,
emigrate to Israel. Reports reaching his friends
sees Paritsky - like Chanukah itself - as a
in the Boston area indicate that his health is
symbol of his people's "struggle of the few
failing and that he has been placed in an Isola-
against the many, the weak against the
tion cell for not fulfilling his assigned work quo-
mighty, the human spirit against the Inhuman
ta in a lumber mill.
system of oppression." That is every people's
struggle, and one in which we all can join -
Some efforts have been initiated by his sup-
perhaps tonight by lighting the Chanukah can-
porters to secure his release. Sen. Paul Tsongas
dles which Alexander Paritsky cannot light
and the Boston-based Soviet Jewry Legal Advo-
himself.
THE BOSTON GLOBE FRIDAY, DECEMBER 17, 1982
6 -
Rise of KGB Officers to Top Soviet Posts
May Mean Increased Useof Forced Labor
THE WASHINGTON POST. MONDAY, DECEMBER 27, 1982
By DAVID SATTER
tion of KGB career officers to high posi-
Special to THE WALL STREET JOURNAL
tions in the government will mean, but
Soviet leader Yuri Andropov. who has
KGB men are generally believed to be bet-
R. Emmett Tyrrell
begun to consolidate his hold on power
ter informed and quicker to resort to coer-
with the help of important officers in the
cion than their frequently more corrupt
country's KGB security police, may soon
counterparts in the Communist Party.
decide whether to resort to coercion in an
In 1982, industrial production. the heart
Andropov's Next PR Stunt
attempt to improve the faltering Soviet of the Soviet annual plan. grew by only
economy.
2.8% against a planned rise of 4.7%. This
Did it ever occur to you that this
only some pretty music can be played.
Although Mr. Andropov hasn't an-
was the worst result since the war, and be-
whole Cold War pother extending from
Andropov's promise to reduce his nu-
nounced any concrete steps intended to Im-
cause Soviet production figures include
the 1940s to the present could have been
clear force was a lovely lilt, a trio by
prove the performance of the Soviet econ-
shoddy goods that were produced but
avoided if Stalin or one of his successors
Schubert on a cold Bavarian night.
omy. which is expanding at its slowest rate
never purchased, it doesn't accurately re-
had been astute enough to hire a sharp
Now, why not raise Scharansky from
since World War II, he has solicited sug-
flect the level of consumption. which in
New York PR agent? The idea is not all
his cell; send him to Zurich on the first
gestions from Soviet citizens.
1982 probably didn't rise at all.
that silly. Surely it has crossed the mind
plane. Let him grumble about the
The answers include not only the tradi-
Agricultural production in 1982 didn't in-
of that eminent student of Soviet affairs,
treatment he has been getting. The
tional calls to eliminate corruption and al-
crease significantly and this can only
George F. Kennan. He and many like
Solzhenitsyn lament has already, it
coholism but also
mean that the food shortages in the Soviet
him see much of the friction between the
several unusual sug-
seems, been played out in the West.
Foreign
provinces won't be allayed in 1983.
gestions for increas-
United States and the U.S.S.R. as the
Scharansky has been on a hunger
ing the already tight
Insight
Blame Put on Workers
painful consequence of two nations' fail-
strike and is in dreadful physical
policy control over
When Mr. Andropov made his first ma-
ure to communicate. Well, I hereby offer
condition. Surely the Soviet govern-
ordinary Soviet citizens.
jor speech to the Communist Party Central
my services to Soviet party leader An-
ment can depreciate his complaints as
In the Soviet Communist Party newspa-
Committee in November, he called for
dropov on a pro bono basis.
the delusions of a sick man or a spoil-
per Pravda there have been demands that
greater economic efficiency and hinted
His proposal to reduce the U.S.S.R's
sport.
quitting a job be forbidden outright and
that there might be greater reliance on
European arsenal of over 600 medium-
Western intellectuals of a distinctly
that the vagrancy laws be tightened SO
Dunishments to compel Soviet workers to
perform conscientiously.
range nuclear missiles to the 162 pre-
anti-Soviet passion are getting a lot of
that a person out of work only two weeks
sently maintained by Britain and
mileage out of Scharansky's imprison-
could be arrested. These suggestions come
"Shoddy work. inactivity, and Irrespon-
at 3 time when the influence of the KGB in
France was a splendid public relations
ment; I counsel releasing him post-
sibility should have an immediate and un-
the Soviet political heirarchy has never
gesture. I congratulate him; but there
haste.
avoidable effect on the earnings, social
been stronger. Mr. Andropov has made
status and prestige of workers." he said.
is something else he can do: he could
Recently, the Wall Street Journal's
only a few important appointments but, for
Other suggestions of ways to compel So-
free a sick and anguished man now
Suzanne Garment alleged that Soviet
the first time in Soviet history. past and
viet workers to work harder are now ap-
wasting away in one of his modern
jailers under Andropov's direct control
present KGB men are on the verge of tak-
pearing in the Soviet press in articles with
prisons, Anatoly Scharansky.
been particularly cruet: raising
ing over all of the principal nonmilitary
headlines such as "Be Intolerant Toward
posts in the Soviet government.
Scharansky, once something of a
Scheransky's expectations for ameliora-
Violators of Discipline," "Strengthen Dts-
The accession of Mr. Andropov himself.
whiz kid on the Helsinki Watch Com-
tion of his penal regimen and then
cipline," and "no Loafers in the Bri-
mittee, was arrested five years ago and
plunging him into the most ghastly form
who was head of the KGB for 15 years,
gade."
The thrust of these articles has been to
sentenced to 43 years-in-prison. Since
of solitary confinement, starving him,
from 1967 to 1982. is
the realization of the
place the blame for the Soviet Union's eco-
then, a growing international chorus
isolating him bringing him close to death
longstanding aspira-
nomic stagnation on the laziness and ineffi-
composed of practically every element
with "the worst possible treatment."
tion of the security
ciency of Soviet workers, rather than on
of political expression, from Ronald
Scharansky's wife insists "they were
police to dominate
any fault in the centralized Soviet eco-
Reagan to Francois Mitterrand, has
playing with him." Well, by freeing him,
the
Communist
Andropov would both rekindle Western
nomic system, a further indication that the
sought his release. The catalyst of all
Party.
new Soviet leadership isn't considering
optimism. and shut off such troublesome
this has been Scharansky's wife, a very
The most impor-
fundamental economic changes.
animadversions.
sympathetic lady who 80 far as I can
tant of the new ap-
Many of the articles have referred to
By virtue of 15 years as head of that
pointments
an-
tell is no political threat whatsoever to
the tendency of Soviet workers to change
jobs, sometimes as often as two or three
Andropov and the colleagues. Releas-
incomparable information-gathering de-
nounced by Mr. An-
times a year. One suggestion to the news-
ing Scharansky now would be a very
vice the KGB, Andropov is reputed to
dropov's Politburo
understand the West well. If be does, he
so far has been that
paper Pravda, coming, ostensibly. from
savvy act.
must also understand the vast dimen-
of Geidar Allyev who was named a first
"coal miners" In the Ukraine, was that
When it comes to politics, Western-
deputy prime minister. Mr. Allyev is a for-
workers be forbidden to quit their jobs.
ers are stupendously optimistic given
sions of his public relations problems.
Many in the West cannot understand
mer head of the KGB in the Soviet republic
More Forced Laborers?
the paucity of good news they have had
of Azerbaidzhan.
to go on. There is no nation on earth,
why the Soviets maintain such a huge
If. as is expected, Mr. Aliyev, who led a
This would appear to suggest that work-
military force. They remember that after
drive against corruption in Azerbaidzhan,
ers be tied to their factories in the same
at least no socialist nation, that they
way in which enserfed farmers in the So-
are not willing to see in a new light if
World War II Washington cheerfully re-
succeeds 77-year-old Nikolat Tikhonov as
duced its forces from 12 million to 1.5
Soviet prime minister, it would comple-
viet Union are tied to their collective
million in seven months while the Sovi-
ment KGB control of the party by estab-
farms.
ets inexplicably reinforced their armies
lishing a KGB career officer as the su-
The appearance of such letters in a So-
and gobbled up practically all of Hitler's
preme administrator of the centralized So-
viet newspaper is never accidental. The
viet economy.
letters often are written by party officials
East European acquisitions. Then they
and signed by workers, who fear the conse-
kept getting into rows even farther from
Another sign that Mr. Andropov plans
to run the country with the help of KGB ca-
quences of not signing. In a sense, letters
their borders Their troops were soon in
reer officers was the appointment of Vitaly
in the Soviet press are a vehicle for the
trouble in Berlin and West Germany;
Fedorchuk, who succeeded Mr. Andropov
party to prepare the public for potential
their spies were being picked up in the
as head of the KGB last year, to be the
policy changes.
capitals of their erstwhile allies.
new minister of internal affairs.
A letter to Pravda from workers in Si-
Since those early days, many West-
The Ministry of Internal Affairs is re-
beria, apparently officially inspired, sug-
erners have been alienated by such
sponsible for the thousands of prisons and
gested that the time to find a new job be
Soviet policies as sending the Red Army
labor camps in the Soviet Union and the
reduced from four months to two weeks.
three million to five million ordinary con-
The practical effect of such a ruling would
with yellow rain into Afghanistan They
victs who participate as forced laborers in
be to render almost all of the Soviet Un-
believe the Soviet Union is a police state
ion's large number of transient workers
that by nature must be armed to the
the Soviet economy.
Not Since Stalin's Time
vulnerable, at almost any time, to be put
teeth and in iron control of all that lies
in a labor camp.
at its borders. I suggest that Andropov
The appointment of Mr. Fedorchuk to
Other suggestions called for a crack-
try again to demonstrate the error of this
head the Internal Affairs Ministry repre-
down on the black market operators who
grim characterization. Hand out a
sents the first time in 30 years that the sep-
sell fruit and vegetables in the private
"U.S.S.R. Love It or Leave It" sign, and
aration between the KGB and the Internal
markets, not by improving the goods avail-
let this fellow Scharansky leave it. Not
Affairs Ministry, which was established by
able in the state stores but rather by put-
Stalin's successors to prevent any group
only will the conservative Reagan be
ting the speculators to work, a suggestion
from gaining too great a concentration of
charmed but so will millions of other op-
that also seemed to hint that an increased
police power, has been breached.
timistic Westerners.
use of forced labor was being consid-
It is difficult to predict what the promo-
ered.
Wall Street Journal
7
For Soviet Jews, increasing peril
By Vladimir Solovyov
over radio, television and newspapers in the U.S. Even
Pionerskaya Pravda, a newspaper for children, warns its
ONE HUNDRED years ago, one of Empreror Alexander
young readers that funds from the sale of Levi jeans are used
III's closest advisers, High Procurator of the Holy Synod
in the subversive activities of the Zionists.
Konstantin Pobedonostsev, predicted that the Jewish question
Consider, too, three other books published recently: Lydia
in Russia would soon be solved: one-third of the Jews would
Modzhoryan's "Zionism as One Kind of Racism and Racial
leave Russia, one third would die out, and one-third would be
Discrimination" and Vladimir Begun's "Creeping Counter-
assimilated. All of these processes have actually taken place,
revolution" and "Intervention with Weapons." The latter,
but not in the proportions predicted.
recommended as a manual for new recruits, suggests the
After the defeat of Hitler and the death of Stalin, Russian
rehabilitation of the concept of pogroms as "an elemental
Jews were no longer destroyed physically. The process of
reaction of the oppressed laboring masses to their barbarous
assimilation, which before the October Revolution depended
exploitation by the Jewish bourgeoisie."
only on the Jews (it sufficed to convert to Christianity), was in
Another of the books declares, "Today we are not sorry that
Soviet times blocked by the requirement that, on one's
our fathers, grandfathers and great-grandfathers treated their
passport and in questionnaires, one's "nationality" be shown.
oppressors without any respect."
Finally, Jewish emigration, which only recently was a mighty
The question then arises: How far is it from justifying
flow by Soviet standards, has been transformed into a little
pogroms to renewing them?
rivulet that may at any moment dry up completely.
Knowing their people. the authorities are not too anxious to
Recently, only a few hundred Jews have been arriving in
let the genie out of the bottle. As one highly placed Communist
Vienna each month, 10-to-12-times less than in, say, 1979, when
Party member on the Leningrad regional committee said,
51,000 people emigrated from Russia. Everything indicates
"Today they are beating up Jews; tomorrow it will be
that the Soviet authorities are stopping Jewish emigration.
communists."
A YEAR AGO in Moscow, a rumor was circulating to the
A certain restraining influence is exercised by the Kremlin
effect that Galina Brezhnev had advised one of her Jewish
gerontocrats, one of whom, Brezhnev, is married to a Jewess.
acquaintances to hurry up and apply for an exit visa: "When
Ironically, such a mixed marriage today would block even the
papa goes out of commission, it will be too late." Yet it has
most modest party career. The gerontocrats, however. won't
already become too late while Brezhnev is still alive. an
live forever, and chauvinism and anti-Semitism are on the
indirect indication of the weakening of his power.
rise among the party elite.
In view of Russia's economic failures and the discontent of
The cutting off of Jewish emigration from the Soviet Union
is more alarming than might appear at first glance: for the
the population, the need for a scapegoat-historically tested
question remains one of the country's most acute-
and hence a sure thing-may outweigh all other considera-
tions.
CHICAGO TRIBUNE
along with chronic poor harvests, demographic problems,
alcoholism, the fear of China and military rivalry with the
MEANWHILE, THE authorities are intensifying and diver
U.S.
sifying anti-Semitic measures. Now, for instance, they are
With emigration cutoff and assimilation impossible, the
purging the scientific disciplines of Jews. In mathematics,
country's constantly growing anti-Semitism may reach any
"problems for geniuses" are given to Jews taking entrance
excesses. It has already reached verbal excesses, and they
examinations for state scientific institutes. One such problem
have become a norm of Soviet propaganda.
could not be solved even by the noted physicist Andrei
For example. "The Weapon of the Doomed." a book by Ivan
Sakharov. Also, arrests of Jews wanting to leave the country.
Artamonov recently published in Minsk, contains "discover-
have been stepped up.
ies" that would have been impossible in the Soviet press a few
For one noted Russian Jew, Anatoly Shcharansky, serving a
years ago. Does the reader know, as Artamonov "discloses,"
13-year term for the stereotyped Jewish "crime" of treason,
that the Zionists welcomed Hitler's advent to power and used
his conditions of confinement were recently worsened, so that
the services of the German military. including the SS and the
his health has suffered.
dreaded Gestapo? That Adm. Wilhelm Canaris, chief of the
Along with many of their lesser-known brethren, other
Wehrmacht's counterintelligence service, sent Jewish spies
leading Soviet Jews have been sentenced to various prison
into the countries of the anti-Hitler coalition? That the Zionists
terms on the basis of plainly fabricated charges: mathema-
sent their agents to death camps, helping to send old men,
tician Alexander Lavut; engineer Kim Friedman; electronics
women and children to Maidanek and Auschwitz? That Adolf
engineer Vladimir Slepak; physicist Vladimir Kislik; cumput-
Eichmann knew Hebrew and Yiddish and was close to the
er specialist Victor Brailovsky; historian Arseny Roginsky;
Zionists? That the tragedy of Babi Yar near Kiev, where
and poet Igor Guberman.
70,000 Ukranian Jews were destroyed, was an embodiment not
Interestingly, immediately after the inauguration of Ronald
only of the cannibalism of the Hitlerites but of the indelible
Reagan, Soviet authorities sharply increased the emigration
disgrace of their accomplices and followers among the
quota. Unlike his three predecessors, however, Reagan re-
Zionists? That one of them, Menachem Begin. considers Hitler
mained indifferent to that proferred olive branch decorated
and Mussolini his idols and is similar to them?
with 2,000 Jewish emigrants. Soviet Jews had ceased to be a
If this book were the only example, one could write it off as
medium of exchange in Soviet-American relations.
a clinial case-but it is only one among many.
In the Kremlin, Soviet leaders are apparently rethinking
their belief in the omnipotence of the Jewish lobby in the U.S.,'
THE NEWSPAPER Komsomolskaya Pravda pedantically
counts how many Jews, half-Jews and converts are in the
now regarding it as exaggerated.
American government. Another recently published book,
Under the conditions of a stepped-up cold war, Soviet Jewry
"Alien Voices on the Air," recounts how the Jews have taken
is increasingly imperiled. With the cutting off of massive
emigration and the relentless growth of traditional Russian
anti-Semitism, Soviet Jews find themselves in a trap from
Vladimir Solovyou is a Russian-born historian and journal-
which there is no way out internally. Only international
ist. He recently completed a book, "Russian Paradozes," in
intervention will work.
collaboration with his wife, Elena Klepikova.
© 1982 Network News. trp.'
THE WASHINGTON POST, THURSDAY, JANUARY 6, 1983
George F. Will
A Question for Andropov:
Where Is Raoul Wallenberg?
The gauze of lies that the Soviet regime wraps
For example, in 1961 a Soviet professor of medi-
around reality has never been thick enough to
cine told a visiting Swedish physician that he had
muffle this question: Where is Raoul Wallenberg?
recently examined Wallenberg in a "mental hospi-
Now it is asked again, in the wake of the most
tal." In 1977 a Muscovite just released from the
recent in a long series of tormenting reports. A
gulag called his daughter in Israel and mentioned
Russian immigrant in Israel says that when he was
meeting in a Moscow prison a Swede "who had
hospitalized in 1972 on the way to prison, he met a
served 30 years." Two years later the Muscovite
man who "looked Jewish, so I asked who he was.
was back in prison because, his wife said, he wrote
He answered in accented Russian that he was
a letter about Wallenberg. Sources in Eastern Eu-
Swedish and was there because he helped the
rope report that in 1981 Wallenberg was moved to
Jews. He said his name was Reoul Wallenberg."
a prison hospital near Leningrad.
That occurred a quarter of a century after 1947,
Why was he arrested in the first place? The Soviet
the year the Kremlin says Wallenberg died.
machinery of brutality operates so automatically it
Last May, when tardily releasing documents
leaves little room for, and certainly does not require,
about the Wallenberg case, a Swedish official said,
much mind. But Soviet repressors certainly did not
"We are working on the supposition that he is still
want brave witnesses to the breaking of Eastern Eu-
alive." (Sweden's lethargy concerning the case-
rope. Why was he kept? Perhaps, in part, to show
lethargy born of cowardice-hardly constitutes
contempt for Western disapproval Why did Soviet
"working.") If alive, he is 70. It is 38 years since he
troops using horses and ropes drag away the statue
disappeared from Hungary into the Soviet Union.
erected to him in Budapest in 1948? Because the
On Jan. 17, 1945, he was seized by Soviet forces
Kremlin disapproved of what he did.
that were "liberating" Hungary from their former
It is prudent that we insistently ask what hap-
allies, the Nazia. Three weeks later he was in the
pened when Wallenberg ended his dance of death
emblematic institution of the Soviet regime, Mos-
with the Third Reich and fell into the hands of its
cow's Lubyanka prison.
moral twin. When the Soviet Union gets away with
At 32, representing neutral Sweden, Wallenberg
1957 memorandum asserting that Wallenberg's "so-
such acts-acts that are as contemptuous as they
was in Budapest at America's request, working with
journ in the Soviet Union"-Gromyko's words-
are contemptible -it gets the idea that it can un-
breathtaking bravery and saving scores of thou-
ended with a heart attack in prison in 1947. This
leash "yellow rain" and can shoot the pope with
sands of Jews from Adolf Eichmann's final chapter
memorandum came after 12 years of Kremlin deni-
little to fear from the West's fitful disapproval.
of the "final solution," the destruction of Hungarian
als that Wallenberg had ever been in Soviet hands.
Besides, if this case is not America's business,
Jews. He bought buildings and draped them with
Gromyko cited the evidence of two Soviet function-
what is? On Oct. 5, 1981, Wallenberg became only
Swedish flags as diplomatically protected territory.
aries, both conveniently dead, and said the body
the second person (Winston Churchill was the
He dreased "Aryan-looking" Jewish men in SS uni-
had been cremated-a transparent fabrication,
first) to be made an honorary American citizen.
forms to protect Jewish havens. He distributed fake
given Soviet practices.
Signing the bill conferring this honor, President
passports, and used sheer audacity to intimidate
There has been a steady trickle of reports about
Reagan said "we're going to do everything in our
Nazi soldiers into opening the doors of cattle cars.
Wallenberg, first from returning German prisoners
power" to locate Wallenberg. But we have not
Thanks to him, the 120,000 Jews in Budapest were
of war, then from released political prisoners and
done that. So before Reagan agrees to meet with
the most substantial Jewish-community surviving-
Jewish The reports give dates-and
Yuri Andropov, he should receive an answer, be
in Europe when the war ended.
places--prisons, cell numbers-that trace a tanta-
yond the routine mendacities, to this question:
One certainty is that Andrei Gromyko lied in the
lizing trail across the years and through the gulags.
Where is Raoul Wallenberg?
Union of Councils for Soviet Jews
1411 K St., NW, Suite 402, Washington, D.C. 20005
WALL
U.S.POSTAGE
JAN19'83
D.C
Inside Today's Alert
Shcharansky Turns 35
Pg 1
Urgent Appeal for Begun.
Pg 2
1982: Emigration Plummets
Pg 2
Prof. Richard Pipes
News Briefs
Pg 3
National Security Council
Washington, DC 20506
Around the Country
Pg 4
The Alert is published by the Union of Councils for Soviet Jews, an
organization dedicated to helping the Jews of the Soviet Union, especially
those desiring to leave.
Editorial Staff: Judith Slovin and Paul W. Meek.
President: Lynn Singer, Vice Presidents: Pam Cohen, Ruth Newman. Joel
Sandberg, Morey Schapira.
G146HN
A K CZXU VCYNIIAN
SHCHARANSKY
BC-MGR-SHI 01-22
SUBSCRIBERS ONLY
HDVANCE FOR SATURDAY, JAN. 22
BY JHCK HNDERSON
an not
UNITED FEATURE
WHSHINGTON -- PRESIDENT KERGAN HAS SAID HE IS WRITING FOR A POSITIVE
SIGN FROM YURI HNDROPOV BEFORE HE HILL CONSIDER THE SOVIET LEADER'S
EXPRESSED HOPES FOR FRIENDLIER RELATIONS MORE THAN JUST EMPTY
RHETORIC.
SOVIET WITHDRAWAL FROM HFGHANISTAN OR A RELAXATION OF THE
REPRESSION IN POLAND IS PROBABLY. TOO MUCH TO EXPECT. BUT THERE 15 A
SIMPLE ACT OF DECENCY HNDROPOV COULD MAKE THAT WOULD DEMONSTRATE HIS
GOOD INTENTIONS - AND HOULD COST HIM NOTHING.
HE COULD LET HNATOLY SHCHARANSKY GO.
SHCHARANSKY 15 THE 35 YEAR OLD 'REFUSENIK** WHO ANGERED THE
KREMLIN BY CHAMPIONING THE CAUSE OF SOVIET JENS WHO WANT TO EMIGRATE
TO ISRAEL. IN 1977 HE HRS SENTENCED TO 13 YEARS IN PRISON FOR
TREASON.
EVEN IN THE DEPTHS OF THE GULAG, SHCHARANSKY HRS REFUSED TO
SURRENDER. ME IS ENGAGED IN A HUNGER STRIKE AS A DESPERATE DRAMATIC
PROTEST. His JAILERS HAVE BEEN FORCE-FEEDING HIM, BUT HIS HEALTH 15
REPORTEDLY PRECARIOUS.
THE MEN IN THE KREMLIN HOULD DEARLY LOVE TO HAVE THE WORLD FORGET
SHCHARANSKY. BUT THIS HILL NOT HAPPEN. JUST THIS HEEK, WASHINGTON
JEHS STAGED A SYMBOLIC ONE-DAY HUNGER STRIKE AND MOUNTED A VIGIL NEAR
THE SOVIET EMBRESY TO MARK HIS 30TH BIRTHDAY.
THE SINGLE GREATEST OBSTACLE TO THE WORLD'S FORGETFULNESS IS HIS
HIFE, HVITAL. SINCE SHE WAS FORCED TO LEAVE KUSSIA THE DAY AFTER
THEIR MARRIAGE IN 1974, SHE HRS TRAVELED THE WORLD APPEALING FOR HELF
IN WINNING HER HUSBAND'S RELEASE,
LAST MONTHs SHE MET WITH SENIOR WHITE HOUSE ADVISERS; WHO PROMISED
HER THE PRESIDENT'S SUPPORT. BEFORE SHE NENT TO THE WHITE HOUSE, SHE
SPOKE AT LENGTH WITH MY ASSOCIATE: INDY BADHHAR.
SIMPLY DRESSED, R KUSSIAN PEASANT SHAHL HRAPPED AROUND HER HEAD:
MRS. SHCHARANSKY SPOKE SOFTLY BUT WITH DEEP EMOTION.
HSKED HOW IT FELT TO BE THE WIFE OF 6 SYMBOL, SHE REPLIED: ''FOR ME
PRESERVATION COPY
HE IS NOT A SYMBOL. HE 15 MY HUSBAND. WE ARE TERRIBLY SUFFERING.
EVERYTHING THAT HE WANTED (HRS) JUST TO BE TOGETHER LIKE A WHOLE:
NORMAL FAMILY, TO BE IN SERREL: IN A PLACE WHERE WE BOTH HANT TO GO,
WE ARE SEPARATED. HE 15 PERSECUTED. HE 15 TORTURED.'
HER LAST DIRECT HORD FROM HER HUSBAND HAS IN A LETTER SMUGGLED OUT
OF HIS PRISON CELL THREE YEARS AGO, CAN HEAR HIS VOICE AND HIS
VOICE
15
STRONG
SHE SAID.
HROUGH THIS LETTER
-
FEEL
HE
IS
NOT
BROKEN BY SPIRIT. BUT I'M VERY WORRIED ABOUT HIS CONDITION NOW.
UNTIL RECENTLY: SHE HAS ABLE TO MAINTAIN SOME CONTACT HITH HER
HUSBAND THROUGH HIS MOTHER: IDR MIGROM HHG HAS ALLOHED TO VISIT HIM
40A
ONCE EVERY SIX MONTHS. HE HAS ALSO ALLOHED TO HRITE TO HIS MOTHER
ONCE A MONTH. BUT BOTH THESE PRIVILEGES HAVE BEEN SUSPENDED SINCE HE
BEGAN HIS HUNGER STRIKE LAST YOM KIPPUR,
HE ASSOLUTELY CAN'T BE AFRAID MRS. SHCHARANSKY SAID. ARE IS
VERY FREE *** THEY CAN DO WHAT THEY WANT WITH HIM: BUT THEY CAN'T
BREAK H15 SPIRIT.
SOURCES IN THE WHITE HOUSE SAY SHCHARANSKY'S RELEASE HOULD BE TAKEN
RS A SIGNAL THAT HNDROPOV IS SERIOUS IN HIS EXPRESSED HOPES FOR A
RELAXATION OF TENSION BETWEEN LAST AND HEST.
IT HOULD BE A BOLD GESTURE FOR HNDROPOV - PERHAPS TOO BOLD FOR HIM
TO MAKE UNTIL HE HAS CONSOLIDATED HIS POWER IN THE KREMLIN,
HND 17 HOULD BE ONLY R FIRST STEP. [HERE ARE STILL ABOUT 10,000
SOVIET JEHS HHO HAVE APPLIED FOR EXIT VISAS AND HAVE BEEN REFUSED.
SINCE UCTOBER 1979, WHEN EMIGRATION REACHED ITS PERK OF 4,746, THE
NUMBER OF JEWS ALLOWED TO LERVE THE SOVIET UNION HAS FALLEN
DRASTICALLY. IN 1980, ONLY 1,424 HERE PERMITTED TO EMIGRATE: IN 1981
THE TOTAL HRS 3687 LAST YEAR: ONLY 168.
[HERE 15 NO TELLING WHAT HOULD HAPPEN IF HNDROPOV CHOOSES TO LET
SHCHARANSKY GO. HE UNDOUBTEDLY REALIZES THAT HE CAN'T LET SHCHARANSKY
ALONE EMIGRATE. HN EMBARRASSMENT TO THE KREHLIN EVEN IN PRISON,
SHCHARANSKY HOULD BE EVEN MORE TROUBLESOME OUTSIDE KUSSIA IF THE
OTHER REFUSENIK'S HEREN'T ALLOWED TO LEAVE ALSO,
HND THAT MIGHT HELL OPEN THE FLOODGATES. UFFICIAL ESTIMATES PUT THE
NUMBER OF SOVIET JEWS AT 1.8 MILLION MY SOURCES SAY THE TRUE FIGURE
15 PROBABLY CLOSE TO 2.5 MILLION. GIVEN THE KREMLIN'S LONG HISTORY OF
VEHISH PERSECUTIONS MANY - PERHAPS MOST - OF THESE SOVIET JEWS HOULD
LEAP AT THE CHANCE TO EMIGRATE.
HEHDLINES HND FOUTNOTES:
-PENTAGON SOURCES SAY THERE ARE SERIOUS DIFFICULTIES IN THE HEGIS
AIR-DEFENSE ESCORT SHIP. FOR ONE THING: ITS BILLION-DOLLAR COST MERNS
ONLY A FEW CAN BE BUILT, BUT HORSE THAN THAT: THE RADAR ON THE HEGIS
BEFENSE SYSTEM IS A STRONG BEACON FOR INEXPENSIVE ENEMY MISSILES TO
HOME IN ON, INCOMING MISSILES COULD COME IN AT 10 FEET ABOVE THE
WATER AND PROBABLY EVADE DETECTION. EVEN IF THE HEGIS CREW COULD
SHOOT DOWN THE FIRST THREE OR FOUR: **HOW ABOUT THE TENTH RE A
PENTAGON SOURCE ASKED.
THREE NORTHERN MICHIGAN HOSPITALS HAVE REFUSED TO COOPERATE WITH
THEIR LOCAL PROFESSIONAL STANDARDS KEVIEH URGANIZATION, WHICH WAS
CREATED TO MAKE SURE THAT HEALTH CARE DELIVERED TO MEDICARE AND
MEDICAID PATIENTS IS NECESSARY, APPROPRIATE AND OF ACCEPTABLE
QUALITY. MDMINISTRATORS AT MUNSON MEDICAL CENTER: NORTHERN MICHIGAN
PRESERVATION COPY
HOSPITAL AND IRAVERSE CITY USTEOPATHIC HOSPITAL SIMPLY DECIDED THAT
THEY COULD MONITOR THEMSELVES. So THEY STOPPED SUBMITTING THE
NECESSARY FORMS. THIS HEANT A COSTLY DUPLICATION OF EFFORT. BUT AS
JOHN BAYS PRESIDENT OF MUNSON MEDICAL CENTER: SAID AT A MEETING WITH
THE LOCAL REVIEW ORGANIZATION: "LET THE FEDS PAY THE DUPLICATE
COST.**
GNS 01-19-83 07:48 RES
CONFIDENTIAL
DissiDENTS
NATIONAL SECURITY COUNCIL
MESSAGE CENTER
PAGE 01
MOSCOW 0781
DTG:201647Z JAN 83 PSN: 008469
E0B767
AN007072
TOR: 020/1717Z
CSN:HCE132
MOVE ON THEIR CASES. MEDVEDEV'S PAST ABILITY TO CON-
TINUE WRITING AND PUBLISHING ON LEADERSHIP ISSUES HAS
DISTRIBUTION: FORT-01 STER-01 MYER-01 DDBR-01 GUHN-01 RAY-01
LONG BEEN A PUZZLE. THE THRUST OF HIS MESSAGE HAS
KRAM-01 LORD-01 ROBN-01 /009 A3
CONSISTENTLY HAD A PRO-ANDROPOV SLANT, HOWEVER, AND
WE HAVE ASSUMED THAT ANDROPOV OR PEOPLE ASSOCIATED WITH
DISTRIBUTION: STER-00 ISEC-01 MYER-00 DOBR-00 RAY-00 ROBN-00
HIM HAVE FOR THIS REASON BEEN PROTECTING THE HISTORIAN.
/001 A1
THE MOVE AGAINST HIM MAY HAVE RESULTED FROM MEDVEDEV'S NOT
HAVING UNDERSTOOD, OR FROM HIS INTENTIONAL FAILURE TO
HEED, WARNINGS IMMEDIATELY AFTER BREZHNEV'S DEATH THAT
WHTS ASSIGNED DISTRIBUTION:
HE SHOULD LIE LOW. HIS RECENT SPATE OF ARTICLES IN THE
SIT:
SWEDISH, ITALIAN AND U.S. PRESS MAY HAVE MADE IT DIFFICULT
E OB:
FOR ANDROPOV TO ACCORD MEDVEDEV THE SAME LEVEL OF PROTECT-
ION. END SUMMARY.
3. DURING A JANUARY 19 INFORMAL DINNER AT AN EMBOFF'S
PRIORITY
APARTMENT TO SHOW USG SUPPORT FOR GEORGIT AND NATASHA
STU4320
VLADIMOV, HISTORIAN ROY MEDVEDEV (TO WHOM AN INVITATION
DE RUEHMO #0781/01 0201657
HAD BEEN EXTENDED LAST WEEK AT THE VLADIMOVS' SUGGESTION)
P 201647Z JAN 83
OFFERED TO THE DCM AND EMBOFFS AN ACCOUNT OF HIS JANUARY
FM AMEMBASSY MOSCOW
18 MEETING WITH DEPUTY PROCURATOR GENERAL SOROKA,
PROCURATOR GENERAL REKUNKOV'S AIDE P.M. GORBUNOV, AND
TO SECSTATE WASHDC PRIORITY 2527
KGB OFFICIAL GUSHIN. MEDVEDEV PREFACED HIS REMARKS BY
NOTING SOMEWHAT CRYPTICALLY THAT SOME THREE YEARS AGO,
INFO AMCONSUL LEN;NGRAD 0315
AND THEN AGAIN SINCE BREZHNEV'S DEATH HE HAD RECEIVED
USMISSION USNATO 3115
OTHER WARNINGS FROM LOWER LEVEL PROCURACY OFFICIALS ON
AMEMBASSY MADRID 2059
HIS ACTIVITIES NATASHA VLADIMOVA INTERJECTED TO NOTE
AMEMBASSY ROME 8283
THAT MEDVEDEV HAD PREVIOUSLY TOLD HER THAT HE HAD BEEN
AMEMBASSY STOCKHOLM 1881
WARNED NOVEMBER 13 TO CURTAIL HIS WRITINGS AND PUBLICA-
AMEMBASSY BELGRADE 8429
TIONS. MEDVEDEV SEEMED TO ACKNOWLEDGE HER ACCOUNT, BUT
AMEMBASSY BERLIN 4514
AVOIDED ELABORATING.) THE HISTORIAN CLAIMED TO HAVE
AMEMBASSY BUCHAREST 8824
IGNORED SUMMONSES TO APPEAR BEFORE REGIONAL PROCURACIES
AMEMBASSY BUDAPEST 7920
BUT FELT HE COULD NOT AVOID COMPLYING WITH THE SUMMONS
AMCONSUL MUNICH 6749
TO THE GENERAL PROCURACY. HE ASSERTED THAT APPROXIMATELY
AMEMBASSY PRAGUE 8582
ONE WEEK IN ADVANCE OF JANUARY 18 AN UNKNOWN WOMAN HAD
AMEMBASSY SOFIA 7897
COME TO HIS APARTMENT WITH A COPY OF THE PROCURACY AGENDA,
AMEMBASSY WARSAW 0041
WHICH INCLUDED A REFERENCE TO A SOROKA-MEDVEDEV MEETING
ON JANUARY 18 AND APPARENTLY SOME DETAILS OF THE COMPLAINTS
CONF IDENTIAL SECTION 01 OF 04 MOSCOW 00781
TO BE LEVELLED AGAINST THE HISTORIAN. HE THUS HAD AN
LIMDIS
OPPORTUNITY TO GIVE THOUGHT TO AND ACTUALLY TYPE UP IN
MADRID FOR USDEL CSCE
ADVANCE A REPLY TO SOROKA'S WRITTEN COMPLAINT.
E.O. 12356: DECL: OADR
PRESS INVOLVEMENT
TAGS: PGOV, PINR, SHUM, UR
SUBJECT: THE MEDVEDEV AFFAIR
4. ACCORDING 10 MEDVEDEV, HE PUT IN A CALL TO HIS
1.
ENTIRE TEXT)
BT
2. SUMMARY: MAVERICK HISTORIAN ROY MEDVEDEV HAS GIVEN
US AN ACCOUNT OF HIS JANUARY 18 MEETING WITH SOVIET
PROCURACY AND KGB OFFICIALS IN WHICH THEY WARNED HIM
NOT TO PURSUE HIS ACTIVITIES. THE HISTORIAN SAYS THAT
SINCE BREZHNEV'S DEATH HE HAS RECEIVED OTHER REMONSTRA-
TIONS BY LOWER-LEVEL OFFICIALS, AND THAT HE HAD EARLY
HINTS OF THE SUBSTANCE OF THE COMPLAINTS TO BE MADE
AGAINST HIM BY THE PROCURACY. THIS ENABLED HIM TO
PREPARE HIS RESPONSE TO PRDCURATOR GENERAL REKUNKOV IN
ADVANCE, AND HE SURPRISED HIS INTERLOCUTORS WHEN HE
HANDED THEM HIS WRITTEN ANSWER TO THE ACCUSATIONS AT
THE MEETING. HE HAS SINCE MADE HIS RESPONSE AVAILABLE
TO THE WESTERN PRESS (WE PRESUME THE SUBSTANCE OF THE
STATEMENT IS AVAILABLE IN THE WESTERN MEDIA.) MEDVEDEV
SPECULATES THAT LEADERSHIP TURBULENCE (SEPTEL) IS BEHIND
HIS OWN PROBLEMS, THE VLADIMOV AND OTHER DISSIDENT CASES,
THE CULTURAL CRACKDOWN, AND ALLEGED REGIME INDECISION
ON PURSUING THE COURT CASE AGAINST THE EUROCOMMUNISTS.
DECLASSIFIED
THE HISTORIAN SEEMS TO FEEL THAT FURTHER STEPS AGAINST
HIM WILL NOT BE TAKEN AT THIS TIME, ALTHOUGH HE ASSERTS
NLS F06-114/6#9393
THAT THE FACT THAT HE AND OTHER DISSIDENTS ARE "PAWNS"
IN AN ONGOING STRUGGLE FOR POWER MAKES IT IMPOSSIBLE
BY
LOT
TO PREDICT HOW OR IN WHAT DIRECTION THE REGIME WILL
NARA,
DATE
12/13/07
CONF DENTIAL
CONF IDENTIAL
NATIONAL SECURITY COUNCIL
MESSAGE CENTER
PAGE 01
MOSCOW 0781
DTG: 201647Z JAN 83 PSN: 008490
EOB776
AN007073
TOR: 020/1735Z
CSN: HCE143
REPORTEDLY ASSERTED THAT "WE HAVE BEEN PATIENT WITH YOU,"
TO WHICH MEDVEDEV REPLIED THAT THE TWENTY YEAR PERIOD
DISTRIBUTION: FORT-01 STER-01 MYER-01 DOBR-01 GUHN-01 RAY-01
DEMONSTRATED AN UNUSUAL DEGREE OF PATIENCE BY ANY
KRAM-01 LORD-01 ROBN-01 /009 A3
STANDARDS.
DISTRIBUTION: ISEC-01 /001 A2
6. SOROKA PASSED TO MEDVEDEV A DOCUMENT, WRITTEN IN MUCH
"CRUDER" LANGUAGE THAN SOROKA HAD USED, INTER ALIA
WHTS ASSIGNED DISTRIBUTION:
ACCUSING MEDVEDEV OF HAVING "FABRICATED" A SERIES OF
SIT:
SLANDEROUS "LIBELS." MEDVEDEV REFUSED TO SIGN AND TOOK
EOB:
HIS INTERLOCUTORS BY SURPRISE WHEN HE PRODUCED FROM HIS
BRIEFCASE A TYPEWRITTEN REPLY TO THE CHARGES IN SOROKA'S
DOCUMENT. "SO YOU FORESAW THIS MEETING?", REPORTEDLY
ASKED SOROKA. "I AM ALWAYS PREPARED FOR SUCH MEETINGS,"
PRIORITY
REPLIED THE HISTORIAN. SOROKA READ MEDVEDEV'S STATEMENT
STU4324
AND PROMISED TO BRING IT TO REKUNKOV'S ATTENTION. ROY
DE RUEHMO #0781/02 0201658
TEMPORARILY RETRIEVED THE DOCUMENT TO AMEND IT TO SHOW
P 201647Z JAN 83
THE NAMES OF THE AUTHORITIES PRESENT. THE DEPUTY PRO-
FM AMEMBASSY MOSCOW
CURATOR CLOSEO BY SAYING THAT HE HOPED THE MEETING HAD
NOT BEEN IN VAIN, TO WHICH MEDVEDEV RETORTED THAT THERE
TO SECSTATE WASHDC PRIORITY 2528
HAD BEEN NO MEETING BUT SIMPLY A BARRAGE OF THREATS
AGAINST HIM. ACCORDING TO MEDVEDEV, SOROKA MADE NO
INFO AMCONSUL LENINGRAD 0316
REFERENCE TO THE CRIMINAL CODE OR TO POSSIBLE LEGAL ACTION
USMISSION USNATO 3116
AGAINST HIM. NOR WAS ANY REFERENCE MADE TO CONTACTS
AMEMBASSY MADRID 2060
WITH THE VLADIMOVS, FOREIGN JOURNALISTS OR 01PLOMATS.
AMEMBASSY ROME 8284
SOROKA'S ONLY CONCERN WAS MEDVEDEV'S UNACCEPTABLE
AMEMBASSY STOCKHOLM 1882
WRITINGS.
ACCEETABLE
AMEMBASSY BELGRADE 8430
AMEMBASSY BERLIN 4515
HUMAN RIGHTS AND LEADERSHIP POLITICS
AMEMBASSY BUCHAREST 8825
AMEMBASSY BUOAPEST 7921
AMCONSUL MUNICH 6750
1. MEDVEDEV SPECULATED AT LENGTH ON HOW HIS AND OTHER
AMEMBASSY PRAGUE 8583
CASES, SUCH AS THE VLADIMOVS', APPEAR TO REFLECT RECENT
AMEMBASSY SOFIA 7898
PERTURBATIONS IN THE LEADERSHIP (SEPTEL). ON THE HUMAN
AMEMBASSY WARSAW 0042
RIGHTS FRONT, MEDVEDEV NOTED THAT THERE ARE CURRENTLY
PENDING FOUR TYPES OF CASES: 1) THE EUROCOMMUNISTS, WHO
CONF IDENTIAL SECTION 02 OF 04 MOSCOW 00781
HE CLAIMED WERE TO HAVE BEEN TRIED LAST WEEK, POSTPONED
UNTIL THIS WEEK, AND AGAIN POSTPONED UNTIL SCME TIME IN
LIMOIS
THE FUTURE. THE CONTINUED POSTPONEMENT OF A HIGHLY
MADRID FOR USDEL CSCE
CONTROVERSIAL CASE ORIGINATING WELL BEFORE BREZHNEV'S
E.O. 12356: DECL: OADR
DEATH, SPECULATED MEDVEDEV, IS EVIDENCE OF HIGH-LEVEL
TAGS: PGOV, PINR, SHUM, UR
DISAGREEMENTS AND POSCYBLY ATTEMPTS BY ONE OR ANOTHER
SUBJECT: THE MEDVEDEV AFFAIR
POLITBURO MEMBER TO "USE" THIS AND OTHER CASES TO
BROTHER ZHORES IN LONOON (FINALLY GETTING A LINE TO
ADVANCE THEIR OWN INTERESTS; 2) AN APPARENTLY NEW CASE
LONDON AT 3 AM JANUARY 19) TO REPORT THAT HE HAD BEEN
AGAINST UNNAMED REFUSENIKS; 3) THE BORODIN-KRAKHMAL'NIKOVA
SUMMONED BY SOROKA. ZHORES THEN APPARENTLY TOLD LONDON
BT
CORRESPONDENTS AND WORD SPREAD QUICKLY IN THE WEST.
WASHINGTON POST CORRESPONDENT DODER CALLED MEDVEDEV ON
THE STORY THE MORNING OF JANUARY 19 AND A BEVY OF REPORT-
ERS CALLED ON HIM UNANNOUNCED THAT AFTERNOON, WHEREUPON
HE RELEASED TO THEM THE TEXT OF HIS STATEMENT. BEFORE
ZHORES WENT TO THE JOURNALISTS, HE APPARENTLY HAD NOT
MADE UP HIS MIND ON HOW TO INFORM THE MOSCOW-BASED
PRESS CORPS OF HIS CASE.
THE MEETING WITH SOROKA
5. MEDVEDEV SAID THAT SOROKA HAD DONE MOST OF THE TALKING
FOR THE SOVIET SIDE. HE WAS POLITE THROUGHOUT THE MEET-
ING. MEDVEDEV COULD TELL THAT KGB OFFICIAL GUSHIN WAS
BITING HIS TONGUE TO KEEP FROM INTERJECTING WITH WHAT
WOULD HAVE NO DOUBT BEEN LESS THAN POLITE LANGUAGE.
ACCORDING TO THE HISTORIAN, WHEN SOROKA ACCUSED HIM OF
ANTI-SOVIET ACTIVITIES, ROY ASKED FOR SPECIFICS. SOROKA
REPLIED TO THIS AND OTHER MEDVEDEV RIPOSTES BY SAYING HE
DID NOT WANT TO ENTER INTO A DISCUSSION, BUT TO SIMPLY
MAKE CLEAR THAT MEDVEDEV'S ACTIVITIES SHOULD CEASE. THE
HISTORIAN NOTED THAT HE HAD BEEN WRITING ABOUT SOVIET
HISTORY FOR OVER TWENTY YEARS AND WONDERED WHY ONLY NOW
THE GENERAL PROCURACY HAD TAKEN THIS POSITION. SOROKA
CONF IDENTIAL
CONF NDENTIAL
NATIONAL SECURITY COUNCIL
MESSAGE CENTER
PAGE 01
MOSCOW 0781
DTG:201647Z JAN 83 PSN: 008474
E0B771
AN007074
TOR: 020/1720Z
CSN:HCE135
9. THE HISTORIAN'S SPECULATION IS CONSISTENT WITH THE
DISTRIBUTION: FORT-01 STER-01 MYER-01 DOBR-01 GUHN-01 RAY-01
RELATIVELY POSITIVE PICTURE HE HAS SOUGHT TO PROJECT
KRAM-01 LORD-01 ROBN-01 /009 A3
OF ANDROPOV FOR SEVERAL YEARS -- IN THIS CASE, MEDVEDEV
APPARENTLY WISHES TO BELIEVE THAT THE CRACKDOWN IS NOT
DISTRIBUTION: ISEC-01 /001 A2
NECESSARILY THE GENERAL SECRETARY'S DOING. THERE IS A
SURFACE PLAUSIBILITY TO THIS ARGUMENT. ANY ATTEMPT BY
THE NEW LEADER TO DISCOURAGE A HUMAN RIGHTS OR CULTURAL
WHTS ASSIGNED DISTRIBUTION:
CRACKDOWN COULD BE USED BY HIS COLLEAGUES TO WEAKEN
SIT:
HIM AND WOULD RUN COUNTER TO HIS DISCIPLINE THEMES.
EOB:
AT THE SAME TIME, ANDROPOV IS HARDLY SHEDDING ANY TEARS
FOR VLADIMOV, THE EUROCOMMUNISTS, OR OTHERS. AS A
CLEARLY SIGNAL-CONSCIOUS LEADER THE GENERAL SECRETARY
IS AWARE THAT PERSECUTION OF THESE GROUPS SENDS A
PRIORITY
SIGNAL TO INTERNATIONAL AND DOMESTIC AUDIENCES ABOUT
UTS7697
HIS POLICIES, AND THAT HE WILL BE HELD ACCOUNTABLE
DE RUEHMO #0781/03 0201659
FOR THEM.
P 201647Z JAN 83
FM AMEMBASSY MOSCOW
10. MEDVEDEV'S OWN ROLE IS PARTICULARLY MURKY. WE
TO SECSTATE WASHDC PRIORITY 2529
CONTINUE TO BELIEVE THAT HIS INTERPRETATIONS HAVE BEEN
BASED ON INFORMATION PASSED TO HIM BY SOURCES CLOSE TO
INFO AMCONSUL LENINGRAD 0317
ANDROPOV, ALTHOUGH THERE MAY NOT HAVE BEEN EXPLICIT
USMISSION USNATO 3117
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT OF THIS NOR AGREEMENT BETWEEN HIM AND
AMEMBASSY MADRID 2061
HIS SOURCES THAT HE GIVE AN ANDROPOV SPIN TO HIS INTER-
AMEMBASSY ROME 8285
PRETATION. THIS WAS, IN OUR VIEW, A TACIT ARRANGEMENT
AMEMBASSY STOCKHOLM 1883
CONVENIENT TO ALL PARTIES CONCERNED. WE DO NOT KNOW
AMEMBASSY BELGRADE 8431
THE NATURE OF THE NOVEMBER 13 WARNING TO MEDVEDEV, BUT
AMEMBASSY BERLIN 4516
JUDGING FROM THE MORE AUTHORITATIVE BUT RELATIVELY "SOFT"
AMEMBASSY BUCHAREST 8826
APPROACH OF SOROKA, IT WAS PERHAPS ONLY A HINT THAT HE
AMEMBASSY BUDAPEST 7922
SHOULD LIE LOW AND NOT CREATE AN ISSUE WITH WHICH ANDROPOV
AMCONSUL MUNICH 6751
WOULD BE FORCED TO DEAL. HE HAS OBVIOUSLY CHOSEN NOT TO
AMEMBASSY PRAGUE 8584
INTERPRET THE EARLIER WARNING (S) IN THIS WAY. IN THE
AMEMBASSY SOFIA 7899
LAST TWO MONTHS HE HAS INCREASED HIS WRITING AND HAS
AMEMBASSY WARSAW 0043
HAD PIECES ON BREZHNEV AND OTHER ISSUES PUBLISHED IN THE
SWEDISH, ITALIAN, U.S. AND PERHAPS OTHER MEDIA.
CONF
IDENTIAL SECTION 03 OF 04 MOSCOW 00781
11. SOROKA'S RELATIVELY GINGERLY TREATMENT OF MEDVEDEV,
LIMDIS
THE REPORTED FAILURE OF SOROKA TO MENTION HIS CONTACTS
MAORID FOR USDEL CSCE
WITH FOREIGN DIPLOMATS AND JOURNALISTS, SOROKA'S
E.O. 12356: DECL: OADR
RELUCTANCE TO DISCUSS SPECIFIC NEDVEDEV WRITINGS, THE
TAGS: PGOV, PINR, SHUM, UR
ADVANCE WARNING OF THE JANUARY 18 SUMMONS, AND HIS
SUBJECT: THE MEDVEDEV AFFAIR
ABILITY 0 CONTACT HIS BROTHER BY TELEPHONE -- ALL
AND POSSIBLY OTHER NATIONALIST/RELIGIOUS DISSENTERS CASE
SUGGEST THAT THE AUTHORITIES HAVE NOT YET DECIDED TO
(WHICH HAS ALSO DRAGGED ON FOR SOME TIME); 4) THE VLADIMOV
TAKE HIM OUT OF CIRCULATION AND THAT HE CONTINUES TO
CASE. (NATASHA REMINDED HIM OF THE PERSECUTION OF THE
HAVE SOME PROTECTION. HIS PROFESSED REFUSAL TO COMPLY
SOVIET PEACE GROUP AS WELL.)
BT
8. MEDVEDEV ADMITS THAT THE EVIDENCE IS SKETCHY, BUT
HE SEEMS TO HAVE CONCLUDED THAT THESE SIGNS OF WHAT HE
TERMED RECENTLY INVIGORATED PERSECUTION OF DISSIDENTS,
AS WELL AS THE CULTURAL CRACKDOWN (MOSCOW 733), IS NOT
REFLECTIVE OF ANDROPOV'S PREFERRED WAY OF DEALING WITH
THESE ISSUES. WE ARE "PAWNS IN THE GAME" BETWEEN INDIVID-
UALS IN THE LEADERSHIP, HE SAID. WHILE ANDROPOV CERTAINLY
IS AWARE OF THE ACTIONS BEING TAKEN AGAINST MEDVEDEV AND
OTHERS, HE IS NOT IN A POSITION TO OPPOSE THEM. IT IS
ALSO PCSSIBLE, ASSERTED MEDVEDEV, THAT ANDROPOV IS GIVING
INTERIOR MINISTER FEDORCHUK AND KGB HEAD CHEBRIKOV A
FREE HAND TO DEAL WITH THESE CASES AS THEY WISH IN ORDER
TO USE THEIR CURRENT CRACKDOWN AT A LATER TIME AGAINST
THEM POLITICALLY. IN SHORT, MEDVEDEV CLAIMS THAT WHETHER
ANDROPOV IS NOW IN A POLITICALLY WEAKENED POSITION OR IS
PURSUING A SHREWD STRATEGY TO FURTHER CONSOLIDATE HIS
HOLD, THE DISSIDENTS ARE LIKELY IN FOR A ROUGH AND
UNPREDICTABLE TIME IN THE NEAR TERM.
MEDVEOEV'S STATUS
CONF JENTIAL
CONF INDENTIAL
4.4
NATIONAL SECURITY COUNCIL
MESSAGE CENTER
PAGE 01
MOSCOW 0781
DTG: 201647Z JAN 83 PSN: 008479
EOB773
AN007075
TOR: 020/1723Z
CSN: HCE138
DISTRIBUTION: FORT-01 STER-01 MYER-01 DOBR-01 GUHN-01 RAY-01
KRAM-01 LORD-01 ROBN-01 /009 A3
DISTRIBUTION: ISEC-01 /001 A2
WHTS ASSIGNED DISTRIBUTION:
SIT:
EOB:
PRIORITY
STU4329
DE RUEHMO *0781/04 0201700
P 201647Z JAN 83
FM AMEMBASSY MOSCOW
TO SECSTATE WASHDC PRIORITY 2530
INFO AMCONSUL LENINGRAD 0318
USMISSION USNATO 3118
AMEMBASSY MADRID 2062
AMEMBASSY ROME 8286
AMEMBASSY STOCKHOLM 1884
AMEMBASSY BELGRADE 8432
AMEMBASSY BERLIN 4517
AMEMBASSY BUCHAREST 8827
AMEMBASSY BUDAPEST 7923
AMCONSUL MUNICH 6752
AMEMBASSY PRAGUE 8585
AMEMBASSY SOFIA 7900
AMEMBASSY WARSAW 0044
CONF 1 DENTI A L SECTION 04 OF 04 MOSCOW 00781
LIMDIS
MADRID FOR USDEL CSCE
WITH THE PROCURACY WARNING AND HIS WILLINGNESS TO CONTINUE
TO MEET WITH EMBOFFS SUGGEST THAT HE DISMISSES THE
POSSIBILITY THAT HIS UTILITY TO THE ANDROPOV CAMP HAS
COME TO AN END.
12. THE THOUGHT MAY CROSS SOME MINDS THAT THE ENTIRE
EVENT HAS BEEN STAGED TO INCREASE MEDVEDEV' S CREDIBILITY
IN THE WEST. IF THAT IS THE GAME-PLAN (AND WE HAVE
SERIOUS DOUBTS) IT COULD WELL BACKFIRE. MEDVEDEV HAS
BEEN VALUABLE TO MANY OF HIS WESTERN CONTACTS PRECISELY
BECAUSE OF THE SUSPICION THAT HE IS PRIVY TO INSIDE
INFORMATION, NOT BECAUSE OF HIS DISSIDENT CREDENTIALS.
MORE TO THE POINT, THE ACTIONS AGAINST MEDVEDEV, COINCID-
ING WITH THE MORE SINISTER THREATS AGAINST VLADIMOV,
COULD ADD SIGNIFICANTLY TO GROWING CONCERN IN THE WEST
OVER THE DIRECTION OF ANDROPOV' S HUMAN RIGHTS AND DOMESTIC
POLICIES, WITH POTENTIAL NEGATIVE SPILL-OVER INTO HIS
PUBLIC RELATIONS EFFORT VIS-A-VIS WESTERN EUROPE.
HARTMAN
BT
CONF DENTIAL
FICE
470
Dobria offs
MEMORANDUM
NATIONAL SECURITY COUNCIL
January 21, 1983
ACTION
MEMORANDUM FOR WILLIAM P. CLARK
FROM:
PAULA DOBRIANSKY B
SUBJECT:
Proposed Presidential Call to Mrs. Shcharansky
Mrs. Avital Shcharansky sent a cable to the President (Tab B)
informing him that her husband's life is in grave danger and
that he is being force-fed every three days. I recommend that
the President make a telephone call to Mrs. Shcharansky to
express his deep concern about her husband's condition. At
Tab I is a memorandum to the President recommending that he
telephone Mrs. Shcharansky. At Tab A is a Recommended Tele-
phone Call memorandum for the President.
The Department of State concurs.
RECOMMENDATION
That you sign the memoranda at Tabs I and A.
Approve
Disapprove
see Coan
nots
Attachments:
Tab I
Memorandum to the President
upr
Tab A
Recommended Telephone Call
Tab B
Cable from Mrs. Avital Shcharansky, January 13.
Parka,
1/27
CC Charles Tyson
The like for
then
you
to call her.
K
or
470
MEMORANDUM
THE WHITE HOUSE
WASHINGTON
ACTION
MEMORANDUM FOR THE PRESIDENT
FROM:
WILLIAM P. CLARK
SUBJECT:
Proposed Telephone Call to Mrs. Shcharansky
Avital Shcharansky, wife of imprisoned Anatoly Shcharansky,
sent you a cable (Tab B) stating that her husband's life is
in grave danger and that he is being force-fed every three
days. Given Mr. Shcharansky's remarkable courage and
persistent struggle for basic freedoms and human rights in
the Soviet Union, I recommend that early next week you
telephone Mrs. Shcharansky to express your concern about
her husband's serious state of health. I believe this
would be a meaningful gesture. Attached at Tab A is a
Recommended Telephone Call Memorandum for your use.
RECOMMENDATION
OK
No
That you call Mrs. Shcharansky.
-
-
Attachments:
Tab A
Recommended Telephone Call
Tab B
Mrs. Shcharansky's cable, January 13, 1983
Prepared by:
Paula Dobriansky
77
470
THE WHITE HOUSE
WASHINGTON
RECOMMENDED TELEPHONE CALL
TO:
Avital Shcharansky, wife of imprisoned Soviet
dissident Anatoly Shcharansky -- founder of
Moscow Helsinki Watch Group; martyr for cause
of Judaism and human rights in the USSR.
DATE:
At your early convenience. (Telephone:
Jerusalem 2/531-437). Currently in N.Y. 212/679-6122
RECOMMENDED BY:William P. Clark
PURPOSE:
To express your concern for Shcharansky's
condition and your admiration of his outspoken
advocacy of human rights.
BACKGROUND:
Shcharansky was arrested in March 1977 and
given a show trial in July 1978. Accused of
serving U.S. secret services, he drew an
unusually severe sentence of 13 years imprison-
ment, followed by five years of internal exile.
In September 1982, he began a hunger strike to
protest the denial to him by Chistopol' prison
authorities of permission to write letters to
his relatives and friends or to receive visits
from his mother and brother. He has continued
his hunger strike and is reportedly being
force- fed every three days.
Mrs. Shcharansky, who resides in Israel, has
worked indefatigably for the last nine years
for the release of her husband of one day. You
met her here on May 28, 1981.
TOPICS OF DISCUSSION:
1.
Concern about the grave condition and continued imprison-
ment of her husband.
2.
What are the most recent reports concerning Shcharansky's
state of health?
3.
The Administration's belief that Mr. Shcharansky should
be permitted to communicate with his family, should be
released from prison and allowed to join his wife in
Israel.
4.
Your strong admiration for Shcharansky's courage and
persistent struggle for basic freedoms and human rights.
5.
The Administration has made and will continue to make
official repesentations to Soviet authorities on behalf
of Mr. Shcharansky.
ACTION:
42
GRAPTINE!
5
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DOD
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(201) 569-7707
TNEF
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USNX HL ILJM 022
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LT
PRESIDENT REAGAN
WASHINGTON DC
HUSBANDS LIFE GRAVE DANGER FORCEFED EVERY THREEDAYS
ACCORDING PRISON OFFICIAL APEALING
URGENTLY SAVE ANATOLYS LIFE
AVITAL SCHARANSKY
COLL
NNNN
TNEF
5.4
National Security Council
The White House
Package # 472
'83 JAN 24 A11 :18
SEQUENCE TO HAS SEEN
ACTION
John Poindexter
/
J
A
2
Bud McFarlane
m
Jacque Hill
3
Judge Clark
John Poindexter
5 4 K
A
Staff Secretary
Sit Room
DEBRIANSKI
/,
I-information/ A-Action R-Retain D-Dispatch N-No further
Action
DISTRIBUTION
cc: VP Meese Baker Deaver Other
0470
If
Document No. 111707
WHITE HOUSE STAFFING MEMORANDUM
DATE: 1/17/83
ACTION/CONCURRENCE/COMMENT DUE BY:
SUBJECT:
ATTACHED CABLE
ACTION FYI
ACTION FYI
VICE PRESIDENT
FULLER
MEESE
GERGEN
BAKER
HARPER
DEAVER
JENKINS
STOCKMAN
MURPHY
CLARK
ROLLINS
DARMAN
P
SS
WILLIAMSON
DOLE
VON DAMM
DUBERSTEIN
BRADY/SPEAKES
FELDSTEIN
ROGERS
FIELDING
Remarks:
Richard G. Darman
Assistant to the President
(x2702)
Response: